National gazette. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1792-10-17 00:00:00

National Gazette.
By P. FRENEAU: Published WEDNESDAYS and SATURDAYS, at THREE DOLLARS per annum.
VOL. I.
WEDNESDAY, October 17, 1792.
NUMB. 101.
[Extract from the Delaware Gazette, of September 29.]
IN the ninth section of the eighth article of the newly adopted Constitution of the state of Delaware, it is decreed— “That no clergyman or preacher of the gospel, of any denomination, shall be capable of holding any civil office in this state, or of being a member of either branch of the legislature, while he continues in the exercise of the pastoral or clerical functions.”
At reading this paragraph, an intelligent mind is absolutely bewildered, and the sentiment of indignation is lost in that of amazement. Who, in fact, is not astonished, that the natural rights of men, the arguments of the Abbe Mably, the late writings of the immortal Thomas Paine, the example of our sister states, and of the French and British constitutions, all disclaiming any odious exclusions of men, on account of their lawful professions, should not have reached the understandings, or influenced the opinions of our late convention-men? Some of them, it may be, who derive very little of their information from books, and whose habits of reasoning cannot be supposed to be very accurate, when abstracted from the arrangement and emoluments of their business, may possibly plead ignorance for this political injustice. But the public will hardly give them credit for this plea, when it is remembered, that the first president, [Mr. Dickinson] with all that manly and persuasive eloquence, of which he is known to be so great a master, exposed and reprobated the ungenerous clause, demonstrated its repugnance to reason, policy, liberty and justice, and made unusual, though unavailing exertions to dart from his own enlightened mind, some luminous rays into the chaos that surrounded him. But prejudice, my fellow citizens, was impervious to argument: the natural rights of an inoffending class of men were sacrificed to this demon of society , as Paine justly stiles it; and religion was still made to weep over the disgrace of her ministers.”
“But you will say, does not this prejudice against the clergy, rest upon some foundation? It does. But the talent of comparing events with their causes, without which, an attempt at legislation is presumption, might have easily overthrown it. Were not the clergy, in ancient times, the supporters of despotism? They were. But what does this make against the clergy of Delaware? Have they, or are they ever likely to have the same motives, temptations, opportunities, or power? Besides, must the soldiers of Delaware be deprived of the right of suffrage, because the armies of despots have overturned, and are actually attempting the overthrow of freedom? Must the mechanics of Delaware hold no civil office, because those of Birmingham lately waged war upon philosophy and conscience? But did not the clergy practise the grossest impositions during the dark ages of the world, to fill their coffers at the expence of the laity, and raise their own importance upon the depression of the people? They did: but at the present enlightened period of the world, is there the slightest probability of such preposterous influence? And should the former ages of ignorance return, will not influence be as innocent, when annexed to all the little information in being, as in the hands of a superstitious and brutal multitude.”
The fact is, deep rooted prejudice alone have dictated this illiberal exclusion, for I would not suppose the members of the convention so grossly ignorant, as not to know that no parallel can be drawn between the situation of the clergy in ancient times, and that of the same order of men in America. Any person acquainted with history must know, that the power of the clergy and their subserviency to despotism arose principally from the gross ignorance of the laity, the prevalence of superstition, the law of celibacy, and the right usurped by popes and princes of
naming exclusively, to ecclesiastical benefices. The doctrines of purgatory, indulgences and pilgrimages filled the coffers of the church, and auricular confession was the chief instrument of her power.—
Now let me ask our late convention-men, if they really apprehend the revival of these doctrines in the Delaware state? If they did not, why should this odious stigma be retained? and if they did, they must of course have dreaded the return of the dark ages of Christianity. In which case, instead of guarding against the power of the clergy, they ought rather to have countenanced it, as that order of men, in such a supposition, would engross the whole sum of useful information. But prejudice, like the spider, will live where there seems nothing to live on. The very name of clergyman is a bugbear to some people, and involves the idea of artifice and intrigue. Disimulation is judged by many as an appendage to the profession, and men of narrow and selfish minds know not how to give credit for sentiments, which they never experienced.
I know it has been said, that even the protestant clergy have sometimes been the abettors of despotism; that the body of English bishops was inimical to America! What follows from this, but that bodies of men will always be actuated by their corporate interest, however individuals may be more generously disposed. Good policy therefore, should attract every order of men to the center of society, which is the public good, by receiving them into all the advantages of government.
But admitting the despotic intentions of the English Church, and indeed of the Scottish Church also, let us reflect only from what source they flowed, and the argument drawn from hence will fall to the ground. They are religious establishments , combining a common interest inimical to unlimited freedom of conscience. This circumstance fully accounts for their policy, but can never apply to the Clergy in America—Besides, in what manner would the lawyers of Delaware have treated the Convention, had their order been excluded from the honors and emoluments of government, because the whole bench of British judges was opposed to American liberty? because Lord Mansfield, Loughborough, Thurlow, Dundas, and many other luminaries of the law were strenuous advocates for unconditional submission?
If the abettors of the exclusion, should attempt to represent it rather as an exemption , than a disgrace , and defend the Constitution, as promoting religion, by compelling a strict attendance in her ministers; the answer is, that no clause in the constitution countenances any such favourable construction of its intentions, no compensation , no privilege , no exemption is so much as hinted at to counterbalance the ungenerous exception: So that if this clause be deemed by any as an act of mercy, truly may it be said, that the tender mercies of some are cruel .
As to the right in the convention to make this exclusion, it must either be derived from their delegated powers, or from some disqualifying circumstance in the clerical character itself.
Now, let me ask you, my fellow-citizens, did they receive this right from you? Did you authorize your delegates to deprive you of the power to chuse a clergyman for an assembly-man, or a constable, in case you deemed him worthy of these offices? Let me ask you, further, had you really the power to confer any such right? For my part, I never conceived that any individual, or community, possessed the power of doing an act of injustice either by themselves, or their officers. But you will say, this is no act of injustice; then neither would it have been an act of injustice to exclude the lawyers, the physicians, the farmers, merchants, mechanics, millers, or schoolmasters: unless, indeed, some disqualifying circumstance be inherent in the clerical character itself.
Now what is this circumstance? Can the wishes of the late convention-men define it? Is it too much learning or too little? the first circumstance would bear hard upon the doctors and lawyers, the last upon some others: Is it because their education disqualifies them for civil employments? Probably some of the convention never heard of Ximenes, Richelieu, and the Dean of St. Patrick's, who were perhaps, the greatest politicians that Europe ever produced. Besides an improper education is seldom worse than none at all: Is it because clergymen have no business to meddle in civil affairs, and ought to confine themselves entirely to their spiritual duties? Of this I conceive they are the best judges themselves; and while they are unprovided for by the public, with what justice can the public interfere with their private conduct, while innocent. As well might they be excluded from holding worldly property, as to be incapacitated to frame laws for its protection.
Officers of government, indeed, may with propriety be confined to certain stations and duties, and they accept of their offices, under some legal disqualifications, as curbs to undue influence.
But the clergy are not in the pay of government, they are not its officers: They are distinguished from the common mass of citizens by mere courtesy only, and therefore not objects of any legal exclusions. No reason therefore could be alleged for this unmerited insult. It could proceed only from the absolute authority , the tel est notre plaisir , of the convention. A whole order of men, whose interests bind them as closely to their country as any class of citizens can be bound; whose welfare depends upon, and whole hopes for themselves and their posterity are as intimately connected with the prosperity of the state; because they profess to preach the gospel of Christ, are prescribed in a public and solemn constitution of government, and held up as unworthy the confidence of their countrymen.
My fellow-citizens, does not this degradation of the clergy recoil upon religion itself? He that despises you despises me, says the divine Author of Christianity. Will the people respect a man, or trust him in matters belonging to their salvation, whom the laws have stigmatised as unworthy to be a constable? Besides, does not the obnoxious section seem to be levelled at Christian ministers exclusively? No clergyman, or preacher of the gospel shall be capable of holding any civil office in this state, &c. Now in what manner would these words affect a Jewish Rabbi, or a Mahomedan Dervise? I conceive, that by this constitution every preacher of every religious system, except the Christian, would be eligible to civil offices in Delaware. So true it is, that in every act of injustice there is a strong mixture of ridiculous inconsistency: for I cannot believe that the constitution meant seriously to compliment a Deistical, Jewish, or Mahomedan congregation at the expence of the ancient religion of the country.
Such being the fair statement of this disqualifying clause; such the ideas which a great proportion of the community entertain concerning it,
The clergy of Delaware are still inclined to hope that some future day will relieve them from this ungenerous treatment, and restore them to those common rights of citizenship, which they are not conscious of having forfeited by their past, or present conduct; which they mean to merit by their future efforts to be serviceable; and design to attempt recovering, in a peaceable and constitutional manner. In the mean time, while they regret that injustice has often been established without law, and sometimes against it, they trust and confide that no other instance will occur in the history of Delaware, in which it shall be established by law.
EXTRACT from a Publication in the Gazette of the United States, (of October 10) entitled A statement of some objections to the administration of the federal government ; by a CITIZEN of PHILADELPHIA.
AS to the administration of the federal government, I have not heard of more than two species of material objections to it—one of which respects the Western territory.
“If the population of the frontiers had been crowded out in close columns, and every exterior township or tract of land had been first filled with inhabitants, before the next adjacent lands had been sold or permitted to be settled, in that case the frontier settlements would have been supported by an inherent strength, the inroads of the enemy would have been difficult and dangerous, and of course our defence would have been easy, cheap and effectual; whereas permitting thin weak settlements to be scattered along a vast frontier, rendered them incapable of defence, whilst at the same time it made the inroads of the enemy easy, and in a manner free of danger.
Perhaps too in our first treaties with the Indians, we assumed sovereign and dictatorial airs, which irritated their feelings, and held up rights and demands totally inadmissible on their part, and which we could not support on any reasonable grounds of claim.
“This source of discontent and resentment soon fermented into action and injury, and deadly animosities begun to appear both in the Indians and our frontier people, and which were every day more and more inflamed by innumerable insults, depredations, murders, and all kinds of provocation, mutually committed and retaliated, till the whole of our frontier was in a state of general hostility, and made the attention of the general government indispensably necessary.
“Whether the war could have been prevented by any prudent pacific measures, I don't pretend to determine; but admitting the war to be inevitable, the measures adopted for carrying it on, have been thought by some people to be not very proper.
“The experience of all North-America invariably proves, that fighting Indians by regular troops is no likely way to insure success; 'tis like undertaking to kill flies with a cannon ball, the very wind of which will blow them away without hurting or even touching them.
“I should suppose that men long inured to traversing the woods, who have by habit and usage acquired strength and hardness sufficient for long marches, and are acquainted with every easy method of performing them, and supporting themselves with provisions and all modes of accommodation, would be the proper men to be employed.
“If men of this character could be encouraged by proper pay, honors and rewards, to form themselves into voluntary societies or companies, and could be furnished with every necessary accommodation of arms, cloathing and provisions, from the public stores, and be permitted in their own way to ravage the woods, or penetrate into the enemy's country, with design and zeal to annoy them in every possible manner—I conceive that five hundred men of this cast, and thus accoutred and employed, would take our enemies in their own way, and would vex and dispirit the Indians, either in their towns, hunting parties, or military expeditions, more than ten times the number formed into a regular army, at twenty times the expence which would be sufficient in this way.
“It may be objected that this mode of carrying on war would be a disgraceful imitation of Indian savageness; but I answer, that however inconsistent with the generous feelings of our own people, skulking parties, bush fighting, premiums on scalps, &c. &c. may appear, yet I think as the Indians adopt these savage modes to our great annoyance—honor and justice will

permit and the public safety does require a retaliation on them, and that too in full tale.
I come now to the second sort or species of complaint that I have heard against the conduct of the federal government under the present constitution, which respects the FUNDING SYSTEM ; the complaints of this sort have been very scandalously traduced by sundry writers in Mr. Fenno's paper; they have been held up as inimical to the payment of just debts, to the support of public credit, to national justice, and honor, as friends to anarchy, baseness and confusion, &c. and have been called upon with insolent challenge to step forward and shew their faces, and avow their objections. I here accept their challenge , shew my face, and avow my objections, and I conceive that if I was followed by all the citizens of the Union, whose sentiments are similar to mine, I should lead the greatest army that ever was on any occasion collected in North-America.
[The remainder in our next.]
For the NATIONAL GAZETTE.
G ENUINE Truth never deviates into misrepresentation. That an impostor has assumed its name in the National Gazette of the 10th inst. is sufficiently evinced by the following circumstance.—The writer, who appears under that signature, after endeavouring to torture certain expressions of the Secretary of the Treasury, into a meaning which, continued with candour, and in connection with their context, never could be put upon them—proceeds thus, "If these opinions seem to be contradicted in any manner or degree by the other observations of this officer, namely, that "the creation of debt should always be accompanied with the means of extinguishment," and "that there should be a constant effort to reduce the present and avoid new debts as far as may be," it is, most fairly to be explained by allowing for a more cautious language latterly produced by the public alarm taken at such doctrines ," &c. Now, it happens, unfortunately for this uncandid interpretation, that the first of the above quoted positions (to wit) that "the creation of debt should always be accompanied with the means of extinguishment," is contained in the very first communication, or report, which the Secretary of the Treasury ever made on the subject of the public debt; in that very report which contains the expressions tortured into an adoration of the doctrine that public debts are public blessings; in immediate connection with the very expressions upon which that construction has been put.
Again: The phrase "critical point," quoted from a report of the Secretary of the Treasury on Manufactures, is made to refer to that point at which public debts cease to be public blessings; whereas in the true sense in which the phrase is used, it refers really to that point, at which "A public debt may be swelled to such a size, as that the greater part of it may cease to be useful as capital , serving only to pamper the dissipation of idle and dissolute individuals, as that the sums required to pay the interest of it may become oppressive & beyond the means which a government can employ consistently with its tranquility , to raise them; as that the resources of taxation to face the debt may have been strained too far, to admit of extension adequate to exigencies which regard the public safety ;" (see page 25 of the report of the Secretary of the Treasury on Manufactures).—It is this " critical point ," including a complication of circumstances of which the Secretary speaks, and concerning which he observes, that " where it is cannot be pronounced ; tho' it is impossible to believe that there is not such a point:" this is a further sample of the disposition to misstate and misrepresent.—In fine, the just and obvious construction of what the Secretary has said is simply this—That while it cannot be admitted as a general proposition, that public debts are public blessings, with which latitude the doctrine is sometimes laid down, yet there may be particular situations of a country, in which a portion of a public debt, funded on right principles, may be advantageous by supplying a deficiency of actual capital —and that such was the situation of the United States, at the time the question concerning a provision for the public debt was depending, that the proper funding of the existing debt would render it a public advantage—and hitherto at least the position is verified by experience.
Gloomy predictions of the future, it is true, are thrown out, by factious, or hypochondriac politicians; but these being mere predictions, must be referred for their fulfilment or refutation to Time .
In any event, the doctrine charged upon the Secretary of the Treasury, which he emphatically terms " a doctrine inviting to prodigality, and liable to dangerous abuse ," is not attributable to any thing he has said, still less to any thing he has done.—If conduct is allowed to be a test of sincerity, the course he took in the last session, in regard to the war with the Indians, is a pregnant and energetic proof of his aversion to an accumulation of debt. Whatever may be the good or ill qualities of that officer, much flexibility of character is not of the number—He is not therefore liable to the suspicion of having disavowed any principle which he really entertains, because it may have excited a degree of clamour.
FACT.
Philad. Oct. 16.
For the NATIONAL GAZETTE.
Mr. FRENEAU,
I congratulate you on the late malicious and desperate manœuvre to assassinate the free paper you publish. It is the highest honour that could have been done it. For if it did not deserve the praise of a free paper that pulled off the mask that covered the shamefullest abuses, and did it not maintain and vindicate the cause of true republican government against the machinations of an aristocratical and greedy faction, thereby probing the ulcers of the body politic in order to their being healed, it would never have drawn upon you the venomous hatred, calumny, and rancorous persecution, that have broke forth with such fury. Had your paper (like another that every reader will name) panegyricized and puffed off every public measure, not excepting even the clog on newspapers; republished writings in favour of monarchy and aristocracy , preached up the advantages of hereditary powers , and the blessings of public debts , and also calumniated the honest and independent patriot, who would not wink at schemes of usurpation, and jobs of speculation, then it is clear from what the public sees and knows, that you would have been applauded, and your paper favoured, aided, and fed from the same quarter that now utters its malignant and false accusations against a free press. But be not weary, nor faint in well doing. The designs of the attack are so evidently set forth to a discerning public, by the quarter , the manner , and the time thereof, that every candid man must detect the same, and it must be universally seen through, to be the desperate struggle of detected and terrified guilt.
Go on then, sir, in full trust and confidence that so long as your paper supports the constitution against its secret usurping enemies, who would make it another thing than the people made it, and endeavours to purge the government of the abuses and vices brought therein by the lust of power and the inordinate thirst of gain, tho' you may not be pensioned nor bribed by those who have most of the ways and means therefor, and may experience further attempts to crush a press that tends to open the eyes of the public to its rights and interest against men whose view is to throw dust into them, by delusive mis-statements and misrepresentations, and tho' unrighteousness and artificial management may for a while prosper and prey upon the public good, yet in the end the cause you plead, which is the cause of LIBERTY, TRUTH, and THE PEOPLE , must and will prevail in this our land; and you will have the sure and honest reward of the thanks, encouragement, and support of all sincere well-wishers to constitutional freedom and virtuous government. This is the unfeigned conviction and expectation of a
Constitutional Republican.
October 6th, 1792.
To the EDITOR of the National Gazette.
SIR,
THERE are many who think the artificial capital raised by a great public debt to be only a capital artifice in the business of government. Being a very plain man, and remembering, "the cobler to his last," I don't intend to gravel myself in such a deep subject. But allowing, sir, that a little temporary profit was to be got by such means, I cannot in my heart, as an honest man and a friend to liberty, agree in opinion with the Secretary of the Treasury that a public debt can be a public blessing , when I consider and see the derangement it produces in the equitable proportion between industry and reward, and in the ideas of moral justice and candid dealing; and more than any thing else, when I behold the sad tendency of such a state of things to generate corruption in the government, and to spread snares for the public liberty among the watchmen and guardians appointed by the people to preserve and maintain it. Hear how the keen-sighted and honest poet
describes the character of the paper system of England; at a time when the tide of corruption brought in by it was far below the present mark in that country:
Blest paper credit! last and best supply, That lends corruption lighter wings to fly; Gold imp'd by thee, can compass hardest things, Can pocket states, can fetch or carry kings; A single leaf shall waft an army o'er Or ship off senates to a distant shore; A leaf, like Sybil's, scatter to and fro Our fates and fortunes, as the winds shall blow:
Pregnant with thousands sits the scrip unseen, And silent sells a king, or buys a queen. Oh! that such bulky bribes as all might see! Still, as of old, encumber'd Villainy!
Oct. 13.
HONESTUS.
For the NATIONAL GAZETTE.
Mr. FRENEAU,
IT is wonderfully strange that interested sycophants should persist in the folly of recalling the public attention to the Bank, by their vain attempts to screen and varnish over the deformities of that unconstitutional affair. From time to time we hear it repeated in conversation with grave faces, and even ushered into print with the most hardened assurance, that the public have gained a nett profit of a million of dollars . These suicide advocates must surely suppose that there are none out of office, who understand the plainest use of figures. If, sir, the profit on the public's share (two millions) is one million , then the whole profit on the Bank (10 millions) must be five millions ; and the Bank charter was worth five million ; and consequently as the right granted was public property before the grant, the government alienated the property of their constituents for one fifth of its value; or, under another view of the matter, gave away a nett profit of four millions chiefly to the great speculators . Should the public lands, & other public property be managed in the same economical way , how rich will the public grow; meaning by the public, not the people , but the government; and by the government those in it , who are sellers and buyers both ; that is, who sell for the people , and buy for themselves.
PLAIN TRUTH.
Philad. October 12.
FOREIGN NEWS:
(Abridged.)
PARIS, Aug. 15—20.
The statues of the kings of France, throughout Paris, are now destroyed or melted up into more useful forms. The populace are continually expressing their joy, in the places where these statues stood, for their demolition, remembering how much the glories of these monarchs had in times past impoverished the nation, and what desolation their cruelties had spread over an oppressed people. La Fayette is declared a traitor to his country, and every individual is invited to shoot him, if he cannot be brought alive to the bar of the national assembly. He has declared himself for a constitutional king, consequently against the assembly. M. Dumourier is appointed general of the northern army in his room—the globe, which as an emblem of royalty was placed over the principal gate that led to the Thuilleries has been pulled down; and the busts of M. de la Fayette, M. Bailli, and M. Neckar, which were placed in the hall of the assembly, have been treated with the same indignity. The celebrated circumnavigator Bougainville, was killed on the 10th inst. He was walking with a lady in the Champ Elysee when he was attacked and torn to pieces by the people. It is said, with a degree of certainty, that the court of Great Britain has resolved to recall Earl Gower, their ambassador here, and all the other members of the same embassy.
The following is the note communicated by the empress of Russia to the French ambassador residing at her court:
"The disorder and anarchy which have for some time prevailed in France, to the prejudice of that authority which foreign powers were accustomed to acknowledge, and which are manifested every day more and more by new excesses, have at length determined the Imperial court of Russia to suspend the intercourse and correspondence which it formerly held with that kingdom, until his Most Christian Majesty shall be established in all the rights and prerogatives assigned to him by human and divine laws. On these considerations, after having recalled from Paris her minister plenipotentiary, and her charge des affaires, who remained there some time, her majesty thinks, that the presence of the Sieur Genest, established under the latter title in her capital, is become not only superfluous, but even intolerable. He is therefore informed, that he must quit her capital in eight days, and the states of Russia as soon after as possible."
The French resident at Constantinople, according to a letter from that city, has declared that an army of more than one hundred thousand Turks will shortly march into Hungary.—For the honor of the king of Poland, it ought to be known, that he did not think of yielding, while a ray of hope was left. His army was reduced to little
more than thirty thousand men, without arms, ammunition, clothes, or provisions, and the enemy, with a force of three times the number, in possession of all the most valuable part of his kingdom.—The fate of Poland may be considered as one of the triumphs of despotic royalty. If this brave nation seems to have struggled in vain, they have nevertheless demonstrated to princes, who arrogantly stile themselves the masters of mankind, that however they may contemn the rights of nations, there is a wakeful and independent public, to whose tribunal they must submit the reason, if not the success of their machinations, who, if they cannot for the moment resist the torrent of injustice, will inspire such indignation in the human heart, and propagate so effectually the principles of a pure morality, as shall make their conquests but short-lived, and deliver them down to posterity with execration and shame.—The commons, who are made answerable for the security of the person of Louis 16th, are taking new precautions to ensure their important charge. They permit no persons to remain with him but such as are absolutely necessary. They are making a ditch all round the building where he is imprisoned; and besides the exterior guard, the interior is composed of fifty men, who for the twenty-four hours they are on duty, cannot stir out of the wall, and who are maintained at the public charge. Each battalion of the national guard furnishes 25 men in rotation.—To prevent any sudden surprise, in or near the capital, a camp, which is to consist of 40,000 men, is about to be formed under the walls of Paris. Equipage for the camp, and all necessaries are providing, and 500,000 livres are ordered to be paid from the national treasury to the executive power to defray the expence.—A counter-revolution was upon the point of being carried into execution had not the king been suspended and dethroned. The palace of the Thuilleries was full of papers indicative of a counter-revolution, which are ordered to be printed, read in every parish church in the kingdom, and at the head of every regiment, that the French nation may not be calumniated for groundless attacks upon royalty, which has ever been perfidious, when the interests of the people were at stake—the papers of M. Montmorin had been seized, and himself ordered to be arrested as the favourer of a counter-revolution; but had quitted Paris, with his family, some days before.
PHILADELPHIA.
OCTOBER 17.
Extract of a letter, dated Bristol, August 14.
"Every successive account from Spain confirms us more, and more in the opinion that she has yielded to the influence of French politics. The aristocratical French emigrants are no longer looked upon with an eye of favor in that kingdom, and if money has been lent by the king to the exiled princes of France, it has been more from charity than affection. Foreign newspapers are now read by every one in Spain. The civil-inquisition court is abolished, and every measure seems to be pursuing to make the people happy and contented. As to France, there are divisions and parties in Paris, but the kingdom at large is unanimous; and there is little doubt but the government will soon be changed into a republic; at least, from all appearance, the sceptre seems to be departing from the Bourbons. The French have been successful beyond all expectation in infecting the German armies with the spirit of detestation. The pension offered to all deserters from the Austrian and Prussian regiments has generally conquered their attachment to despotism, and there is little doubt but France may, in a short time fight the league powers with their own forces.—The regiment of Wirtemberg, consisting of eight hundred men, deserted to the French in a body; among the Prussians desertion is still more formidable; and it is said, from the best authority, that the emperor has already lost one third of his troops, on the frontiers, by the sword and desertion.—It is the fashion among high flying gentry in England to rail at the Jacobins of France—Let not the word frighten you, on your side of the water—they are the same as your whigs of seventy six , and with them rests the salvation of France—Rely on it, the spirit of the nation is Jacobin, that is, equal liberty, and must eventually carry all before it. Poor nobility is on its last legs; laughed at in England, and kicked out of doors in France. In Paris, a few days since, were burnt publicly six thousand parchment cases, containing genealogies, titles, and tests of nobility—also two hundred cases, composing part of the collection of titles respecting the order of the Holy Ghost, from their institution to the present time. I am sorry for the reports relative to the Marquis: I fear his fond attachment to the king has forever ruined him with the nation."
A merchant of this city, has received from his correspondent in Charleston (by the Georgia Packet, arrived here on Monday last) a letter, dated the 5th inst. which mentions that a vessel from France, arrived at Savannah, brings news to the first of September—that the queen of France

had been murdered; that the king and the marquis de la Fayette were missing; that 5,000 of the people of Paris had been put to death (by what party the correspondent takes no notice); and that the Duke of Brunswick and his army, were within 30 miles of Paris.
By comparing dates and weighing circumstances, we are strongly inclined to the opinion, that this vague account is but an imperfect narrative of the events of the 10th of August and the days following.
Supposing the vessel arrived at Savannah to have failed even from Havre---the sea port nearest to Paris;---as the distance between these two places is about 100 miles, the Paris news brought by this conveyance would be of the 30th at furthest.
Our last Paris accounts to be depended on are to the 20th of August---the Duke of Brunswick was not then known to be far within the frontier, say about 200 miles from Paris. Supposing that in his march he had met with no opposition, which is not very probable, and that he had travelled towards Paris at the rate of fifteen miles a day, a good round rate considering the encumbrance of artillery, &c. it was barely possible that he should have proceeded to within ten leagues of the capital before the 31st of August.
But we have information (see Gen. Advertiser Oct. 12) of a vessel bound to Salem from Havre-de-Grace, with accounts to the 4th Sept. the captain of which was spoken with off the Grand Bank, dropt a word on politics, and yet made no mention of the above accounts. [Gen. Adv.]
The superintendent of Indian affairs (says a letter from the Creek Indian country) has given many presents to the Indians at the Rock-Landing, and the next treaty is to be held at St. Mary's in November. The Spaniards have several emissaries in the nation, and an officer of theirs has lately made his appearance among the Cussetahs: they endeavour all they can to stop the Indians going to run the lines."
On the 26th of September happened a severe frost in Elizabeth town (Maryland) and its vicinity, which totally destroyed all the tobacco that was in the fields. The loss is said to be severely felt by the people in that part of the country.
The General Assembly of Virginia, now in session, have under consideration a revision of the laws of that state; "of which very desirable work (says a Virginia paper) and its issue, we already have a pleasing presage;---our statute book will now be purged of all obsolete and contradictory laws, and the whole simplified so as to be easy of comprehension to the meanest capacity."
On Wednesday the 2d inst. Joshua Clayton, Esquire, was elected Governor of the state of Delaware.
On the 3d inst. was celebrated in New-York, the completion of the third century since the discovery of America by Columbus. On this occasion a monumental obelisk was exhibited by the Tammany Society at their Great Wigwam; where an animated oration on the great nautical hero was delivered by J. B. Johnson, Esquire.
JOHN PATON, Esq. is elected a Representative in the Congress of the United States, from the State of Delaware.
"The good sense of the County of Suffolk (says the Boston Centinel) will not suffer the hon. Fisher Ames to be neglected, as candidate for the next Congress. They rightly estimate his abilities and integrity, and can see through the thin veil behind which his opponents level their insinuations---There are several candidates started for Vice-President; but if worth, integrity, & ability are the objects of the election, the Massachusetts Solon cannot fail of being re-elected."
It is mentioned in a letter from the town of Paterson (N. J.) that the labourers at that place (300 in number) are now employed in opening a mountain of free stone on or near the spot, which will not only expedite the buildings but save several thousand pounds expence from its vicinity to the site of the town. Preparations are also in contemplation, it is said to erect a church there for the use of the manufacturers and neighbourhood.
On Saturday last the President of the United States arrived in this city from his seat at Mount Vernon, Virginia.
Information has been received from Governor Blount (Territory south of the Ohio) that the Cherokees of the five lower towns on the Tennessee had declared war against the United States on the 11th of September. & that from three to six hundred warriors had set out upon an expedition against the Frontier settlements. In consequence of this intelligence one regiment of the militia of Washington district was ordered out---On the 15th of September, however news was received, that some leading men had prevailed with the Cherokees Indians that had collected to go to war, to disperse and return to their homes.
A gentleman at Fort Franklin in a letter dated Sep. 27. writes thus to his friend in this city: "We are in great expectations of a peace by spring. Complainer from 139 warriors from the Seneca tribes, from the Munsies, the Massafagues, &c. set off about 20 days ago for the hostile tribes, for the
Purpose of endeavouring to obtain a permanent peace. If he does not meet with success we may expect a bloody war."
Two men were shot at Pittsburg on the 3d inst. for desertion.
The Nantucket whaling vessels have been remarkably fortunate the past season in taking fish. One ship only brought in 1300 barrels of oil, and 7000 wt. of bone. It is remarkable that the English and Nova Scotia fishermen have, during the same season, met with but very little success.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Marietta, dated Sep. 17.
The Indians have not been so troublesome here this season, as the last. The only mischief they have done was the killing a mulatto boy belonging to my son, (the beginning of June last) and wounding a man, who with him was coming home from his corn-field. Their guns being discharged, two Indians got between him and Fort Harmer; one with an atomahawk, the other with a rifle; there was no alternative left but to surrender, or to rush on them both, which he did, with his hand on the cock of his gun, as in the act to fire, though his gun, as before mentioned, was not loaded: one of them gave way as he pushed on, the other struck with his gun; he returned the blow, and they both took place; however, after a severe conflict, he had the good luck to get safe in the fort.
If this was not a fine country, the people here could not live; confined as they are by the Indians from pursuing business in safety; notwithstanding, provisions are plenty, the people live very well, and enjoy a remarkable good state of health."
A letter from French Broad, dated Sep. 19 says, "there are six hundred Indians out against this part of the country. They have killed two men of the name of Gillispie, who lived on Holstein, below Knoxville, and that Knoxville is evacuated."
A petition has been drawn up at Winchester, in Virginia, to be presented to Congress early in the ensuing session, requesting them to take into consideration the impropriety of officers acting under the excise laws being proprietors of bills, or any way interested therein.
The public are informed in the Pittsburg Gazette, that a number of speculators are now ranging through the country, gathering dishonest gain from the ignorance of their fellow citizens, by purchasing unsatisfied land-warrants from their owners, unacquainted with their value. To prevent in some degree their machinations, the public are informed that these warrants are worth ten pounds per hundred, with interest from their date.
The science of public paper, one would imagine, ought to be rendered as simple as possible, instead of being overlaid with that studied obscurity which more or less envelops the monied concerns of almost every nation, in this particular branch. There is no science but may be made plain by laying down and explaining the first principles; but by presenting the complex fabric without clue or explanation, the common enquirer is at once lost in a labyrinth of uncertainty---To this source of obscurity may frequently be traced the stream of imposition; and mystery that leaves the delinquent at liberty to flatter or mis-state without fear of detection, as matters are frequently so contrived that like the witches prayer, they may afford a double construction, and exhibit equal plausibility, whether read backward or forward---Hence certain pecuniary advantages are restricted to a few, and altho' a man may be eagle-eyed in other matters, if he be not one of those few, and admitted into the political holy of holies, he forever remains ignorant, and bound to these mysterious affairs.---The dullest genius, however, when once initiated, is equal to the brightest; it is even a common observation that gravity succeeds best in such matters---
"So have I seen from Schuylkill's brink A flock of geese jump down together Swim, where the bird of Jove would sink, And swimming, never wet a feather."
A letter from a gentleman in Charleston, S. C. dated Oct. 1. mentions two frosts to have happened in the neighbourhood of the Wateree river, previous to that date; a circumstance extremely uncommon in Carolina.---The same letter adds, "I am sorry to inform you the accounts from the frontiers are very alarming: the different tribes of Indians, hostile to us, have been joined by the towns of our former friends, the Cherokees, and appear rather wishful for war. Many of the frightened inhabitants have abandoned their homes, and the whole frontier is, in a manner, deserted. From representations made by Gen. Pickets and Col. Anderson the governor has sent up ample supplies of warlike stores, and ordered a magazine of flour, &c. to be deposited in Abbeville county; and the militia on the frontiers to be mustered and reviewed, and to hold themselves in readiness for immediate service. Bodies of horse are likewise raising there. Gen. Pickets is but lately returned from the nation and has no idea, or hope, of any pacific disposition or measures from the Indians. From circumstances, there appears a general league among the Indians, and as this is the age of revolution, who knows but the insulted, long abused aborigines of the western world intend to attempt the regaining of their native soil?"
The following is extracted from a letter received on Monday from Charleston---"Capt. Robert Maxwell and a Mr. Spears, an Indian trader, are arrived here with dispatches from Gen. Pickets and Col. An-
deron, the following purport: "that a Creek war may shortly be expected in all probability; that the four lower Cherokee towns are hostilely disposed, and in concert with the Creeks. A body of the Cherokees, Creeks, and Shawaness, in all about 500 men, are now out, and it is supposed will fall upon the settlements at Cumberland or Holstein. Col. Anderson has erected four block-houses on the frontiers. An old trader by the name of Ranby, with another trader, hath been killed in the Creek nation, and a Mr. Shaw, an agent from Congress, narrowly escaped the same fate; and which was prevented by some Indian women, who gave Mr. Shaw timely notice thereof, so that he made his escape. Gen. McGillivray is now at Pensacola---It is the opinion of the back country that every Indian tribe from Lake Erie to the gulph of Mexico will, in the course of this winter, be in a state of warfare with the United States."
Last Saturday night, a gentleman who lodged at a respectable inn of this city, was found in his chamber to be in convulsions, of which he expired, notwithstanding the immediate assistance of the faculty, who were called on the occasion. It was soon discovered that a four-ounce bottle of laudanum had been emptied, by this unhappy man, to procure the effect; but had the opiate failed, he was doubly armed against existence, by a case of loaded pistols, which was found under his pillow. The laudanum, however, proved sufficient. It appears, that this gentleman has a partner in trade in Virginia, and a brother at Greeneock, in Scotland. A letter was found addressed to his partner, and a will, bequeathing the residue of his property to his brother, after his debts were paid; and, it is supposed, he was in affluent circumstances.
The grand jury of Charleston district, (S. C.) recommend in a late presentment to the legislature, to inflict some other punishment than a fine upon those masters, &c. who are guilty of murdering negroes.
We have the satisfaction to acquaint the public, that a contract is closed with the post-master-general, for conveying the mail of the United States from Staunton, in Virginia, to Danville in Kentucky, to commence on the 18th of October.
The event of the present despotic combination in Europe will, in a great measure, determine the question whether nations are worthy to govern themselves by periodical representation, or whether it is necessary in the nature of things and from the condition of mankind, that they should be governed by hereditary masters, educated for that purpose, and supported by military force. One thing seems certain, that the more the world is enlightened and true philosophy gains ground, the more the governments of every people will necessarily verge towards, and at length embrace the republican system. Royal domination is plainly calculated for ignorance; for, in proportion as the mind is darkened, its owner partakes more or less of the nature of a machine, which, to be of any service, must be actuated by some co-ercive power. Hence, it ought to be the first and great care of those who are friends to genuine republican government and the equal rights of man, to promote true and rational knowledge among the individuals of a nation, as the only certain method to establish the mode of government that philosophy has ever admired, but has generally considered as unattainable. Government may be called the mould of man; and perhaps his wickedness is more to be imputed to the false modes of domination that have prevailed, than to any fault of nature: nature has spread before our species an abundant feast, but the unequal distribution that royal tyranny has always made to its slaves, is the great cause of the miseries and convulsions we may trace thro' every past age as well as those of the present day.
By a report of a committee of the directors of New-Jersey manufacturing society, it appears that there has been paid in by the subscribers, in full of the first payment, and part of the second 160,200 dollars 93 cents---That there had been expended for the purchase of lands at Palatine falls, 14,139 dollars 87 cents---for machinery, materials, &c. 7,500 dollars---for horses, oxen, carts, and waggons, 720 dollars---wages, salaries, &c. 12,545 dollars 43 cents---vessel in bills of exchange, and sent to Europe on account of the society, which have been noted for non-acceptance, and in jeopardy, tho' a probability of saving perhaps 50 per cent, 50,000 dollars---in the hands of Mr. Duer, unaccounted for, 10,000 dollars---In cash and deferred stock of the United States 65,295 dollars 63 cents.---It further appears from the report above mentioned that the directors have established the seat of the manufactory at the town of Paterson, at the foot of the great falls, where they are proceeding to establish the cotton manufactory and the printing and staining of calico.---Near two hundred hands are employed in levelling a mountain, and in carrying on the buildings and other works---Mr. Peter Colt, from Connecticut, is appointed superintendent.
A correspondent, who has lately visited the projected town of Paterson, remarks that "the want of springs in and about the seat of the manufactory will prevent the linens &c. being bleached to advantage, the river water being rarely or never clear enough for that purpose: He adds, that shares have been repeatedly of-
fered for sale at New-York for two dollars, the original subscription for which was twenty dollars---that the plan of the society gave general disgust to the domestic manufacturers in New-Jersey, and that great part of the six miles square was run out in the night to avoid giving umbrage to farmers in the Vicinity."
The number of persons lately inoculated in Boston, is stated in one of their papers at nine thousand three hundred and eighty four, of whom one hundred and ninety eight died, which is in the proportion of about one to forty.
The light house on Cape Henry, in Virginia, is now nearly finished; and the lamps, we are informed, will be lighted by the middle of November.---A light house was formerly begun in the same spot by the assembly of Virginia, when a province, but was proceeded on no further than the foundation. The immense coasting and foreign trade of Maryland and Virginia will now have a sure direction from the ocean into the bay, through one of the best channels in the United States.
Thomas Sprig, Esquire, is elected a representative in Congress from the state of Maryland, for the fourth district of that state.
At a full meeting of the Polemic Society of Loudoun county, Virginia, Sep. 1, 1792. DAVID THOMAS, in the chair.
Upon the most mature deliberation, the Society agreed to the following resolutions:
I. Resolved, That it is the opinion of this society, that the government of Virginia remains in a dangerous situation, being in a singular circumstance from every other state in the union.
II. Resolved, That it is the opinion of this society, that Virginia has no legal constitution; because the people who elected the convention in 1776, had no idea of independence and a permanent republic: and, therefore, did not vest in the convention any authorities other than those of the ordinary legislature.
III. Resolved, That it is the opinion of this society, that the constitution under which we act, is so constructed, as to have a tendency to involve in it a system for perpetrating an aristocracy.
IV. Resolved, That it is the opinion of this society, that the ordinance of the convention of April 1776, entitled, "A constitution or form of government," like all other acts of legislation, is liable to be altered by subsequent legislatures, possessing equal power with themselves. We therefore think it necessary that it should receive such amendments as time and trial have suggested, and be rendered permanent by a power superior to that of the ordinary legislature.
V. Resolved, That it is the opinion of this society, that the citizens of this commonwealth ought to petition the assembly for a law (upon the principles of equal representation) authorizing the people to elect delegates to form a convention in order to fix a constitution upon the authority of the people.
Signed, on behalf of the society, David Thomas, chairman. Stacy Taylor, secretary.
Manufactured and for Sale, At No. 11, North Sixth-Street, Fashionable Round Top and Flat B U T T O N S, Warranted superior to any imported of equal price. Country Store-keepers supplied either in small or large quantities, By S. POST & Co. N.B. Conksheel Buttons, Buckles, &c. Oct. 17. nawtf
THOSE gentlemen that yet remain possessed of subscription papers of Howell's large Map, are hereby notified (as well also the public in general) that no subscriptions will be received or accepted after the date hereof, and that they be pleased to transmit the said papers to the subscriber as soon as safe opportunity shall serve, as the Maps which are now received will be delivered at his own house in North Fifth Street, Philadelphia. READING HOWELL. Oct. 15. 3t
TAKE NOTICE. WHEREAS a mulatto man named LUKE, the property of the subscriber, living in Accomack county, Virginia, ran away from him on the first day of September last, and was taken up and committed to the gaol of Newcastel county, in the State of Delaware, on the 11th day of September, where he remained until the 4th of this instant, October, when a Mr. Jones, who said he lived in Frederick Town, in the county of Cecil, in Maryland, appeared and produced a Benjamin Ferguson, who made oath that he suspected the said slave to be a freeman, named John Wright, who had failed with the said Ferguson in a schooner belonging to the said Jones, and had committed a burglary on board of her in July last, in consequence of which the said slave was delivered by order of the hon. David Pinney, a supreme judge of the said state of Delaware, to the said Jones, to take his trial for the said supposed offence. As I am fully convinced from the description of the said slave, given to me by the gaoler, that he is my property, and that the said Ferguson has mistaken him for Wright, I do hereby direct the said Mr. Jones, and Ferguson, to return the said slave to the place from whence they took him, and to inform me thereof, otherwise I shall proceed according to law.
JOHN CROPPER, Jun. Oct. 16th. 1792. 2a.w.3w.

The following is an Extract from an Address to the Electors of the State of New-Jersey, that appeared in the NEW-YORK JOURNAL of the 10th instant.
WHEN the new government was instituted, an arrangement of the public debt became necessary: many petitions were presented to Congress, praying that some mode might be adopted to ascertain the value of certificates, similar to other paper money that had been emitted.
The representatives from the state of Virginia, and several from the other states, urged the justice of the application; and the hardship that original creditors should be taxed to redeem a certificate at 20s. that they sold for 25 6d. and was liquidated in the courts of justice by a scale of depreciation in payment of all debts from one individual to another, and discriminated by Congress and the several states in the sale of all public property, and rejected in payment of any public debt, unless at the current value and rate of exchange. Therefore these gentlemen proposed a revival of the several species of paper that constituted the public debt, and the possessor of all genuine certificates to receive the current value with interest, and the residue remain in the public treasury until called for by the original creditor. In consequence of these arguments, Col. Hamilton, secretary to the treasury, reported, that as the more enlightened citizens now having become public creditors, not to pay them would be a breach of faith—whereby the idea of discrimination was exploded.
Mr. Boudinot being speaker for the members from New Jersey, with great perseverance urged the full payment of all certificates, both principal and interest, in gold or silver, to the purchasers—and quoted the conduct of parliament in the south sea and Mississippi schemes, being directly against discrimination; for though they imprisoned the directors, and confiscated their property, yet they never interposed in the transfer of stocks. He said the original creditors might have kept their certificates: that a revival of the public debt was impracticable, because the greatest part (except the army debt) was in fictitious certificates; and quotes himself as having received large sums in that manner.
That notwithstanding the army had been paid in paper at 25 6d. in the pound, they were fully paid; and the other 17s. 6d. was no more than a reasonable profit justly due to those who confided in public faith.
In reply to Mr. Boudinot, I beg leave to observe, that so strong is the force of prejudice where interest is predominant, that this gentleman did not advert to original creditors confiding in public faith, if our arms were successful, or if the man, after the dangers he had been exposed to, and retiring from the field to look upon his distressed wife and the little brood he had left, had been fleeced against natural affections; or the farmer, whose fences had been destroyed, and his stock diminished, by public demands, could have replaced them by the word of his power, they might have kept their certificates. You are sensible, when your accounts were settled by the commissioners, a certificate was given in your name, and none were issued in the name of one man for a debt due to another; and how Mr. Boudinot came by large sums of fictitious certificates, I refer you to Mr. Scott's speech in Congress, Feb. 19, 1790.
In Mr. Jackson's reply to Mr. Boudinot, on the south sea and Mississippi schemes, he observed, that they were a company of men who had permission from government to go up the Mississippi and into the south seas on their private adventure; but committing enormities, & government interposed. He said our cause was different; we were an independent nation, and had a right to modify our own debt, and to do justice to those men who took their lives in one hand, their property, their gun and bayonet in the other, and implicitly obeyed the order of the commander in chief, until our revolution was completed, and all Europe acknowledged our independence—and had they proved unsuccessful, neither life, liberty, nor retribution would have been their lot; and only such characters as, & whose principles were well known to our enemies, and those who could prove their attachment to the British government, would have been the owners of the fruitful soil of New-Jersey.
Mr. Boudinot farther observed, that public opinion was not in favour of original creditors receiving any farther compensation; but on the contrary, as having been fully paid.
Mr. Moore from Virginia, replied that public opinion ought to be regarded in a case of this magnitude; and if it was fairly taken, nine out of ten would be in favour of discrimination; that it certainly was their wish to do justice, and by understanding the subject, public opinion will determine whether the patriot who had loaned his money, the bravery of your militia for seven years in preventing the enemy from penetrating into our country, and exposing themselves to be hanged upon trees, and the most cruel and ignominious deaths and imprisonment in New-York; and your reputation through an eight years war, while so many of their companions were slain or perished in the attempt; and the virtuous farmers of New-Jersey, who persevered from the beginning to the end of an arduous and hazardous war, and never failed to contribute their last mouthful of provision for public use (when required) ought to be satisfied with receiving 2/6. instead of 25/6. and paying the other 17/6. due to them to speculators and strangers, is for you to determine. By equitably apportioning the public debt, a blessing would be on our representatives—the widows and fatherless who had lost all other dependence, except this (by the decrees of nature) would have been made to sing for joy; the surviving soldier, after seven years carved out of the prime of his life, now pining in retirement, nursing his shattered frame, would have been able to pay his little debts; the farmer to compensate for the advance price of 30 per cent. on all the foreign articles he consumes, and a duty on part of his own produce, would have received a balance according to his advances, and the example of justice would have riveted in us an implicit confidence in our legislators, and a remembrance at the virtues of our first Congress. But there being a majority against the measure, and by making a law to accommodate themselves, gave the people of England, who had destroyed near one hundred thousand of our inhabitants, and those who by being our enemies had accumulated specie, an opportunity to purchase our public debt for small consideration; these men having access to the secrets of Congress, and advantageously possessing themselves of this property, they now remain and emigrate among us to enjoy a land of liberty, and riot with the fruits of our labour.
own produce, would have received a balance according to his advances, and the example of justice would have riveted in us an implicit confidence in our legislators, and a remembrance at the virtues of our first Congress. But there being a majority against the measure, and by making a law to accommodate themselves, gave the people of England, who had destroyed near one hundred thousand of our inhabitants, and those who by being our enemies had accumulated specie, an opportunity to purchase our public debt for small consideration; these men having access to the secrets of Congress, and advantageously possessing themselves of this property, they now remain and emigrate among us to enjoy a land of liberty, and riot with the fruits of our labour.
  At the end of the war the soldiers received for their last three year's service, a final settlement note for about 200   The current value of this note was 25   The purchaser has received a nett profit of 125 150   The public have paid They have also saved by one half the interest and 2 per cent. on the principal 50 200   The farmer who rendered supplies to the amount of 200   Has received in purchase of public property, or by sale 50   The public or purchaser have received a profit of 100   The public have paid 150   There remains a balance of 50 200 
This remnant being an object with the speculators, Mr. Morris from the Senate, and Mr. Fitzsimons from the House of Representatives, have each of them introduced two petitions, under the signature of original creditors (that have been patronized by a number of the members) demanding the said residue to be paid to the holders of certificates, by augmenting the 3 per cents, and making the deferred debt 6 per cent stock. These petitions will be annexed to a pamphlet that will be circulated among you for your information, containing the debates on the funding law.
Notwithstanding these gentlemen have received a nett profit of 125 dollars from the wages due to each continental soldier, and 300 per cent. on the money due to the farmers, they are pressing for the remainder.
If by a candid enquiry it shall appear from the public books and other documents, that your representatives have been speculators, and for mercenary purposes have passed the funding law, and converted your property and the painful earnings of the well-fought field to their own use, no doubt you will elect gentlemen who are disinterested, that evils of this magnitude in future may be prevented.
A CONTINENTAL SOLDIER." [To be continued.]
The subsequent lines were written by a person who some time since emigrated from Scotland, to fix his residence in North-Carolina.
SCOTIA, my dear native soil, Heaven bless your ever honou'rd isle! Where freedom once with cap and wand Presided o'er a happy land, And rear'd her sons of brighter fame, Stout-hearted, dreading nought but shame, Inur'd to war, accomplish'd high In all its arts—but how to fly: In peace estrang'd to courtly art Plain, hospitable, kind of heart; 'Till for a rival nation's gold [Thy people and their monarch led] She saw, oppressive o'er the land, The taxes, tolls—a tyrant band, Led on by legal power, invade Their rights, whom venal guilt betray'd, Her sons, their wonted spirit broke, Submitting tamely to the yoke: She saw!—but scarce endur'd the sight, And to COLUMBIA urg'd her flight: Here following, we, where freedom led, Beheld once more her banners spread; While crown'd successful o'er our foes Fair future prospects brightening rose, When, safe, we hop'd beneath her smile To reap the harvest of our toil; But in a few unsettled years The tyrant band again appears, Invades our rights!—while darkening fast We see those prospects over cast; Again, prefaging heavier things, The goddess spreads departing wings To leave us wretched as before, And seek some other—happier shore.
Mecklenburg, (N. C.) Sept. 25.
OURANG-OUTANGS.
THE period is evidently advancing when the negro slave trade will cease and the slavery of the human species be every where at an end. It becomes those persons, therefore, who find it necessary that their under work should be done by substitutes, to turn their attention to the kingdom of Monomotapa, in Africa [eastward of the cape of Good Hope] where exist several tribes of the Ourang Outang, or man of the woods. These creatures are said to be very docile, of an imitative capacity, and possessing other qualifications from nature which would in a short time render them excellent house-servants. As they are evidently a distinct race, and altho' they walk erect, decided, not of the human species, Mr. Wilberforce can have no argument to oppose to this new plan; because the same argument would tend to set free every animal of an inferior species, now kept for domestic and laborious purposes.
New-Jersey Confiscated Lands. WHEREAS the first purchaser did not comply with the conditions of sale; this is to give notice that the following tract of land, containing fifty acres and thirty nine hundredths, situate situated in Hardyston township, near the road that leads from Elijah Col-lards, deceased, to Paulinskill, late the property of Oliver De Lancey, will be sold at public vendue.
The sale to begin on Wednesday the 28th day of November next, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon at Sussex courthouse; and besides cash, the following state obligations will be received in payment, to wit,—Officers and soldiers notes given for the depreciation of their pay—notes given to the militia of this state for the arrears of their pay—certificates liquidated by Silas Condict—and notes given by the Treasurer of this state to persons who had demands against the confiscated estates of New-Jersey.
JOSEPH GASTON, Agent for Sussex county. Oct. 24, 1792. 4w.1aw.
TO THE PUBLIC.
THE subscriber returns his most respectful compliments to his friends, and the public for the many favours he has received, and begs leave to inform them that he has upon hand, a few fine toned FORTE PIANOS, which he will warrant superior to any imported, and which he will dispose of on reasonable terms.
The great number of FORTE PIANOS lately imported from London and Dublin, induces the subscriber to caution the public against the artful insinuations of persons, commissioned to vend them, who for a very trifling compensation recommend instruments that are nothing but the refuse of European music-shops, and imported at a mere trifle, and sold for the same price as a good instrument, to the great disappointment of the ignorant purchaser, who generally pay as much for repairs in a year or two, as the original cost of a good instrument.
N. B. Musical instruments let out by the month or quarter, likewise musical instruments tuned and repaired in the best manner, and on the most reasonable terms, by
CHARLES TAWES, No. 60, Walnut near Third-street. October 10. 4t
JUST PUBLISHED,
And for sale by the Printer, JOHN M'CULLOCH, at No. 1. North Third-Street, and by most of the Book-Sellers in this city, (Price 3/9)
MODERN CHIVALRY: Containing the Adventures of Capt. John Farrago,
and Teague O'Regan, his Servant.
VOLUME II.
By H. H. BRACKENRIDGE.
Quicquid agunt Homines, nostri, Farrago libelli. Juvena
THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED, And for Sale at the Printing-Office, No. 207, Market-Street, and at Thomas Dobson's Book-Store in Second-Street,
Price Three-Eighths of a Dollar,
ADVICE
TO THE
PRIVILEGED ORDERS, in the SEVERAL STATES OF EUROPE, Resulting from the necessity and propriety of a General Revolution in the Principle of Government.
By JOEL BARLOW, Esquire.
BOOKS,
Printed and sold by MATHEW CAREY, No. 118, Market-Street, Philadelphia.
1. American Museum, from its commencement, in January 1787, to June 1792, in eleven volumes Price, neatly bound and lettered, Seventeen dollars and three fifths.
This work which is now conducted on an improved plan, containing the best pieces published for and against the proceedings of government, will be found to contain at least as great a variety of political, agricultural, and miscellaneous essays, as any ever published in America. Perhaps in no one work are so many valuable documents respecting the history of this country, collected together. His excellency the President of the United States, has declared of it, that "a more useful literary plan has never been undertaken in America, nor one more deserving of public encouragement." The subscription is two dollars and a half per annum. Gentlemen in the country who wish to be supplied with this work, are requested to give commission to friends in the city to subscribe for and receive it.
2. Smith's letters to married women, on nursing and the management of children. "We recommend these letters to the perusal of those to whom they are particularly addressed." Monthly Review. Vol. 38, Page 101. Price bound five eighths of a dollar.
3. Duncan's elements of logic. three fourths of a dollar.
4. Beauties of Fielding, 50 cents.
5. Beauties of Blair, 50 cents.
6. Ladies' Pocket Library—containing:—Miss More's Essays; Gregory's Legacy; Lady Pennington's advice; Marchmonts of Lambert's advice; Swift's letter to a newly married lady; Mrs. Chapone on command of temper; More's fables for the ladies—Price 6/6.
7. Smith's History of New-York. Price a dollar and a quarter.
7. Elements of Moral Science, by James Beattie, L.L.D. professor of moral philosophy and logic in the Marischal College, Aberdeen—Price three fourths of a dollar. Of this book the Critical Reviewers (vol. 66. p. 628) say: "We have seen nothing on these subjects more plain, more perspicuous, or more generally useful."
9. Beauties of Poetry, Price four fifths of a dollar.
10. Blair's Sermons, Price two dollars.
11. Neckar's Treatise on the importance of religious opinions. Price four fifths of a dollar.
12. Examination of the observations of Lord Sheffield on American Commerce. Price, on very fine paper, five eighths of a dollar.
13. The Constitutions of the several United States, with the federal Constitution, &c. Price five eighths of a dollar.
14. M'Fingal, Price three eighths of a dollar.
15. American Jeft Book, three fifths of a dollar.
16. Garden of the Soul, half a dollar.
17. The Douay Translation of the vulgate Bible, in quarto. Price, elegantly bound and lettered, 50/2—plain, six dollars.
Said Carey has for sale, a large assortment of books, European as well as American editions, which he will dispose of on the most reasonable terms, Country gentlemen, who favor him with commands, may depend upon being supplied in the most satisfactory manner. A liberal allowance to such as purchase quantities for public libraries, or to sell again. May 17. 6m. 12.w.
Terres à Vendre
Dans un pays bien peuplé,—SAVOIR, soixante cinq mille, trois cens, soixante et quatorze Acres, en une seule pièce, dans le canton le mieux peuplé de la Caroline Meridionale, le District de Ninety-Six. Ces terres sont situées dans une contrée agréable, et salubre, où les fièvres sont inconnues; à environ vingt lieues de Colombie, la Capitale, et contiguës à la ville de Cambridge, où il y a College, et Cour supérieure. A environ douze lieues, il y a bonne navigation; et il est très probable, que dans quelque tems on rendra navigable le Grand Salude, rivière qui arrose les terres mêmes. Elles sont agréablement diversifiées de coteaux et vallons charmans, propres à la culture du tabac, du coton, du maïs et du petit grain; et dont une proportion considérable peut aisément convertir en prairies fertiles, il n'est peut-être gueres possible de rencontrer une pareille pièce de terre à vendre dans aucun autre des Etats Unis; et pour les conditions de l'achat, on les rendra très commodes. S'informer à l'imprimerie de la Gazette Nationale. Sept. 5.
LANDS FOR SALE,
IN a well settled Country. SIXTY-FIVE THOUSAND THREE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY FOUR ACRES OF LAND, in one body, in the most populous part of the state of South-Carolina, in the district of Ninety-Six—It is situated in a fine healthy climate, free from fever & ague, about sixty miles from Columbia, the seat of government. The land is contiguous to the town of Cambridge, where are a seminary for the instruction of youth, and a superior law court. It is at present within about thirty-five miles of good navigation, with a probability of having the river, called the Great Saluda, that flows along one side of the land, made navigable. The land is beautifully diversified into swells and vales, and is perfectly well calculated for the culture of tobacco, cotton, Indian corn, and small grain; a great proportion of it may be made meadow ground. There is not, perhaps, such a body of land, so circumstanced, for sale in any other of the U. States. The terms of payment will be made convenient to the purchaser or purchasers. Apply to the Printer. August 29. 1awtf
JUST PUBLISHED
By E. OSWALD, (Price Eleven Pence) FIVE LETTERS, addressed to the
Yeomanry of the United States:
CONTAINING some Observations on the Scheme of Governor Duer and Mr Secretary Hamilton, to establish National Manufactures, by a FARMER. This pamphlet, so highly interesting at this period, may be had at the following places: at Mr. Oswald's Printing-Office, No. 156, Market-street; at No. 209, Market-street; at Mr. Dobson's, 41, South Second-street; at Mr. Crukshanks, 91, Market-street; at Mr. Aitken's, 22, Market-street; and at Mr. Young's S. W. corner of Chestnut and Second-streets. August 21.
NOTICE.
THIS is to inform all masters of vessels and others, at their peril, not to take a certain mulatto Boy, named Lewis Boget, formerly of Cayenne, out of this city, he being lawfully bound and apprenticed to me, until 16th Nov. 1793; as I have reason to suspect he is endeavouring to leave this city. JAMES ROBERTSON. October 9. tf
PLANS
OF THE CITY OF WASHINGTON. FOR SALE BY MESSRS. Dobson, Young, Crukshank, and Carey, in this city.
Sept. 15. 6t.
PRINTED BY CHILDS AND SWAIN, AT THEIR OFFICE NO. 209, HIGH-STREET, NEAR FIFTH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.
* See his speeches in Congress. † The definition, fictitious, is counterfeit. ‡ Like the speculators in New-York. § Messrs. Livermore, Sedgwick, Strong, Boudinot, Sinckelso, &c. &c.