Gazette of the United States, & Philadelphia daily advertiser. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1798-07-06 00:00:00

C O N G R E S S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Thursday, June 14.
MR. PARKER asked and obtained leave of absence for three weeks; Mr. DENNIS for two weeks; and Mr. MORGAN for the remainder of the session.
Mr. THATCHER called up the resolution which he some time ago laid upon the table, directing the Postmaster General to prepare and report at the next session, such as system as shall comprise in one all the laws enacted or passed on the subject of Post Office and Post Roads, adding to his report such other new roads as he thinks it would be expedient to establish, which was agreed to.
Mr. T. then moved to refer all the petitions which had been presented to the house on this subject to the Postmaster-General, which was also agreed to.
The house, on motion, resolved itself into a committee of the whole on the bill providing arms for the militia throughout the United States, Mr. SITGREAVES in the chair; when
Mr. COIT not seeing any necessity for passing this bill, moved to strike out the first section.
Mr. DAYTON (the Speaker) could not give his assent to the first section and was rather in favour of striking it out, because it would be found in practice very inconvenient for the United States to become the retailers of arms to the extent therein proposed. He called upon gentlemen to reflect for a moment upon the expense of transporting them to every division of the militia, which in many cases would require a land carriage of two or three hundred miles. And let it be also taken into consideration how many of the muskets must be injured materially by such transportation and rendered utterly unfit for service until repaired. Armourers must therefore be sent with every parcel of arms into the interior of the United States, and held in constant pay not merely to repair the damages sustained by transportation, but to expose them frequently to the air, and to keep them free from rust to which they must be constantly exposed. If they should be scattered abroad in parcels throughout the country, as this section required, it was very uncertain whether the militia would buy the arms, with the additional expense laid on them for transportation, and those thus unfound would consequently be useless both to the public and individuals, or must after some time be brought back to the public armories with an expense equal to their first cost. The plan contained in the first section was therefore the worst that could be proposed, and ought to be essentially altered or struck out.
Mr. M'DOWELL hoped the section would not be struck out. He supposed it must be the wish of every gentleman that the militia throughout the country should be well armed. In some parts of the union it is well known that this is not the case at present, and some provision ought to be made for supplying the deficiency. The gentleman from New Jersey had said, that the states or individuals ought themselves to procure arms from the manufacturers; but in those parts of the country where these arms are chiefly wanted, there are no manufacturers from which they can be purchased; therefore it would be well for the government to undertake to supply them. The expense of transportation by land would certainly be great; and it ought to be encountered; because, if it is not done in the first instance, if the service of the militia is wanted, they must have arms sent to them where arms are wanting. Besides, the expense of transportation would be added to the price of the arms. As to the difficulty which would attend the keeping of arms in order, though it would be attended with some trouble, he could not think it would be so great as it had been represented.
Mr. SHEPARD said, the committee who reported this bill, were inclined to it from a persuasion that the southern states are in want of arms, and have not an opportunity of purchasing them. In the eastern states, Mr. S. said, they had sufficient manufactures of arms, from whence government might purchase, and furnish the desired supply. The committee did not forget the inconveniences mentioned by the gentleman from New Jersey; but, notwithstanding these, they were of opinion, government ought to undertake the business, especially since it would be attended with little or no expense in the end, as the money laid out (or lent for a time) would be returned, when the arms shall be sold.
Mr. S. SMITH felt some of the inconveniences pointed out by the gentleman from New Jersey; but when it is recollected that all the manufactures of small arms, either are, or doubtless shortly will be engaged in public service, the necessity and propriety of government undertaking this business will appear evident; for, if it be desirable that the militia should be well armed, and it undoubtedly is so, government ought to aid the people in the purchase. Mr. S. asked what was done in the late insurrection? One part of the militia called upon were not completely armed, and government was obliged to transport arms from the arsenals of the United States; and it would surely be better to do this whilst we are at peace, than after we shall be engaged in war, especially as the people would now purchase their own arms, but if they were supplied by government, in a case of emergency, it would be at public expense. Mr. S. was therefore decidedly in favour of the measure.
Mr. HARRISON said, that a little while ago, it was dangerous for gentlemen to speak about saving expense, as any man who did so, was immediately charged with wishing to give up his country to a foreign enemy; but now, when a plan is on foot to supply the southern states with arms, though no expense will eventually attend it, a loud cry is made against the expense which will be incurred. Tho' gentlemen are perfectly willing to incur the expense of a standing army they are unwilling to risk a small loss which may accrue from carrying into effect the proposed measure for supplying such of the militia as want them with arms. For what purpose are these arms wanted? For the defence of the liberty and independence of the country; and yet gentlemen now speak of expense. At the present crisis of danger, and when all allow that the southern states, are most likely to be attacked, and the militia of those states want arms, and asked for them, when it is proposed to accommodate them in procuring them, expense is held up as an objection. He trusted, when gentlemen considered the situation of the southern states, and that they contain within their own bosom a dangerous enemy, they will not persist in their opposition to a measure calculated to remedy this defect; that they will not exhibit to the world a strange inconsistency in a free country, viz. that the general government insists upon sending hired standing troops into the southern states, against the will of the people, but at the same time refuses to give them an opportunity of purchasing arms for their own defence!
Mr. HARPER believed, that most, if not all of the inconveniences set forth by the gentleman from New Jersey, might be avoided, and the object of the bill attained. These inconveniences we supposed to arise chiefly from a lengthy transportation of these arms by land. Whatever inconvenience and loss, however, might attend this supply, he thought with the gentleman from Maryland, that the difficulty ought to be encountered now, rather than in a state of war. Besides, if this supply is withheld until the arms are wanted, the same inconvenience would not only be encountered, but the arms would come too late for the people to use them in training. But are we, said Mr. H. obliged to incur the expense of land-carriage? He believed not, except in very few instances. Let it be recollected, that every state, except two, borders upon the sea, and that they are all penetrated by rivers, which are to a certain degree navigable by boats; and if these arms were sent to some town in every state, where the people could get supplied, though they might have to ride 50 or 100 miles for the supply, they could readily depute a person to go and make a purchase of all that might be wanted in a neighbourhood. There were, to be sure, a few exceptions, in which cases the expense of land carriage must be incurred.
Mr. DAYTON said that if the motion to strike out the 2 d section was withdrawn, he should not object to their proceeding with the bill, and endeavouring to make it as unexceptionable as possible. He had been opposed to the general project of it because he believed it would rather prevent than promote the general arming of the militia, and would remove from us, as well as put out of repair many thousand stands of the public arms. Mr. Dayton declared that he was not willing to do more than to authorize the increase of the number of armories and arsenals so that there might be one in every state, where it might be deemed safe and practicable. He hoped that each state would take measures to purchase arms for their citizens. It was known that the United States had no surplus of this important instrument of war, but on the contrary were deficient.
Mr. HARPER knew that the section as it stands, without amendment, would produce great inconvenience; but he also knew that this section is capable of a very simple amendment which would bring the bill to what the gentleman from New Jersey wished.
Mr. COIT withdrew his motion.
Mr. S. SMITH moved to strike out the words, "in due proportion," which was immediately agreed to.
Mr. HARPER moved to strike out the words "within each division of the militia of the state."
Mr. VARNUM wished a division of the question.
Mr. RUTLEDGE said, as some of the states could easily supply themselves, they did not, of course, stand in need of the assistance of government; though in other states where arms cannot be got, it will be proper to lend them. In the state from which he came (S. Carolina) though the citizens in the lower part of the country are well armed, the inhabitants of the back country are in want of arms, and in order to furnish a supply for that part of the country, the legislature of that state had appropriated a sum of money for the purchase of 10,000 stands of arms. This money now lies in the treasury, and if the general government could send this quantity of arms to that state, they would be immediately paid for. He had himself applied to the executive department on account of these arms, but had received no answer, that though government had arms in their arsenals, they had no authority to sell them, but if this law passed, they might be forwarded.
Mr. R. said, if the United States were asked to supply the militia, at their own expense with arms, some objection might be made to the request; but as they were only requested to be instrumental in affording the supply, without bearing ultimately any part
of the expense, he thought the proposition could not reasonably be objected to.
Mr. VARNUM did not believe that the militia of any of the states are completely armed; and many of the arms which they have are of different calibres. In the state of Massachusetts he believed the persons who had not proper arms could not get them. He hoped, therefore, the arms would be distributed among the several states.
Mr. BROOKS did not think the gentleman from Massachusetts had any reason to be uneasy on his subject. If the words are struck out, the President would doubtless distribute them where they are most wanted, and where the people will be willing to purchase them.
Mr. MACON said, that he had supposed, since the words "due proportion," were struck out, that the words now moved to be dispensed with, would have gone out of course. This, he said, was one of those kind of bills which are calculated to benefit the whole union. Those states which manufacture arms, will be benefited by the sale of them to other states which want them, and they will be benefited by the supply. There was very little chance of the state of North Carolina, from whence he came, being invaded; but if either of the neighbouring states were attacked, he supposed the people of his state would be called upon for assistance, and when they were so called upon, he was desirous that they should be well armed, and ready to obey the call.
Questions on both parts of the amendment were put and carried.
Mr. S. SMITH wished, from what had fallen from the gentleman from S. Carolina (Mr. RUTLEDGE) to strike out the word "out" and to insert "to the government of the respective states, or."
Mr. THATCHER did not know why the General Government should be put to the trouble and expense of providing arms for the state governments. The original object was to provide arms for such individuals of the states as should chuse to purchase them, and he thought that object ought not to be extended to the state governments.
Mr. T. CLAIBORNE said, the gentleman from Massachusetts must have a very fertile imagination, indeed, if he could suppose that the state governments could want arms for any other purpose besides that of distributing amongst the people, and at this time he thought it proper that arms should be put into the hands of the people, and that those who are not able to pay for them, should have them given to them.
Mr. BAYARD hoped this amendment would be agreed to. The object of the bill was to place arms in the hands of those who want them, and this object would be accomplished whether they are sold to individuals, or to the state governments. If gentlemen supposed the governments of the states could readily get supplied, they are mistaken. He could speak with certainty as to the state from which he came. He knew money had been appropriated for purchasing arms for their quota of the militia. He knew the governor of that state came to this city to endeavour to make a contract for these terms, but he found all were engaged for the government of the United States, and the money yet lies in the Treasury of the State. He hoped, therefore, no farther opposition would be made to it.
Mr. KITTYER said, the state of Pennsylvania had appropriated money for 20,000 stands of arms; one half to be purchased within the United States, and the other had to be imported. Those which were ordered to be purchased within the United States, had been purchased; but the contracts abroad, he believed, had failed, and he believed the state government is anxious to complete the order.
Mr. THATCHER said, he did not oppose the amendment because he wished to prevent the state governments from purchasing any quantity of arms they pleased. But he did not think this was the best way of bringing arms into the hands of the people. He thought the state governments might as well go to the manufacturers, or send their orders abroad themselves as employ the General Government to do the business for them.
The question was put and carried without a division.
Mr. DAYTON proposed a new section authorizing the President in case all or any part of the arms remain unsold, to cause them to be delivered to such of the militia as may want them when called into actual service, proper receipts and securities being taken for returning the same.
It was carried 57 votes being for it. The question on filling the blank containing the number of arms to be provided, being under consideration.
Mr. HARPER hoped it would be filled with 100,000 stands. He thought that number might be well distributed throughout the United States. They were to serve a double purpose, it would be recollected, viz. they are not only to be sold, but to arm such of the militia as may stand in need of them wherever they shall be called into actual service.
Mr. RUTLEDGE thought this would be by far too large a number; they would require more money than could be well spared for the purpose; they would cost from 14 to 16,000 dollars. He believed 30,000 stands would be sufficient.
Mr. T. CLAIBORNE thought 25 or 30,000 would be enough.
Mr. OTIS was of opinion that if such a number was agreed to, and the President of the United States was authorized to apply
the money received from those which are unsold, in purchasing a fresh quantity, so as to keep the sum now appropriated as a fund to be constantly employed in the purchase of arms, until the people in all parts of the union shall be well supplied with them, the provision would be sufficient.
Mr. KITTYER was against 100,000. He believed that number would cost little less than two millions of dollars.
Mr. HARPER withdrew his motion for 100,000, and the sense of the house was taken on 50,000, and negatived, there being only 20 votes for it. 30,000 were then moved and carried 44 to 28.
Mr. SHEPARD believed they might be purchased for twelve dollars a stand, and therefore moved to fill the blank to contain the sum proposed to be applied for the purchase of those arms, 400,000 dollars. Agreed.
Mr. OTIS made a motion to carry his purpose into effect, of having this sum constantly employed as a fund for the purchase of arms.
It was negatived, there being only 20 votes for it.
The committee then rose, and the house took up the amendment. Coming to the new section.
Mr. S. SMITH could see no occasion for this section, as there was a similar one introduced in the law for raising a Provisional Army.
Mr. HARPER said, there was considerable difference betwixt this section, and the one alluded to in a former act. By that provision the arms could not be delivered to the people unless required by the Governor of a state; and it might happen that the President would think it necessary to call out the militia, when the Governor of some particular state might not think it necessary. When the Volunteers are in want of arms, the President is authorized to supply them on request of the Volunteers; but, with respect to the militia, the concurrent authority of the Governor of a state is necessary. Mr. H. thought this a defect in the law which ought to be remedied.
Mr. KITTYER suggested the propriety of re-committing this bill, in order to give the Speaker, who was the author of this section, an opportunity of speaking in reply to the observations urged against it.
The motion was negatived 42 to 28.
Mr. EDMOND said, he understood the object of this bill to be to provide arms to be sold out to such individuals or state governments, as chuse to become purchasers, by placing them in convenient situations in the different states; but, if this section is introduced into the bill, it will operate as a discouragement to the purchase of these arms, because when state governments and individuals see that if they do not purchase arms for themselves, they will in case of necessity, have them put into the hands of those who want them, they will not of course be very eager to purchase, and the arms will lie undispersed at the risk and loss of the United States.
Mr. SITGREAVES said, an objection had been brought against this bill, which he thought had some weight, viz. that though these arms were proposed to be sold, there was no obligation upon the people to purchase them, and therefore a clause ought to be introduced for placing such arms as may remain in any part of the country unsold, in the hands of the people, in case of emergency. For this purpose, this clause had been introduced in the committee of the whole. Mr. S. said, the idea of the gentleman from S. Carolina was a correct one, that, without this clause, the President of the United States could only dispose of these arms by sale. However urgent an occasion might arise, he could not put them into the hands of the militia, without the concurrence of the Executive of a state; and he believed, if gentlemen wished this bill to pass at all, it would be necessary to have this clause inserted.
Mr. R. WILLIAMS was in favour of retaining the clause.
Mr. EDMOND again expressed his opinion against the section.
After a few words in favour of the clause from Mr. CRAIK, the question was put and carried, there being 34 votes for it.
Mr. ALLEN moved to strike out the following words, "which shall be deposited at suitable places." He thought them very vague. They might mean suitable for safe-keeping, or suitable for sale. If they meant that the arms should be placed in suitable places for sale in every state, he should be opposed to it. He did not wish to have these arms sent all over the union, but to have them left at the disposal of the President.
The gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Davis) for instance, could not wish to have them sent there, because his constituents, according to his own account, are not able to purchase them.
The SPEAKER declared this motion out of order.
Mr. ALLEN then moved to add the words, "for safe-keeping."
Mr. HARPER was sorry the gentleman from Connecticut should quarrel with the bill, because it was proposed to accommodate the purchasers of these arms as much as possible. He thought the bill was founded altogether on this ground of accommodation; and as the President would now have the disposal of the arms according to his own discretion, he thought the bill stood very well at present.
Mr. ALLEN withdrew his motion, and the bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading.
my. The house accordingly resolved itself into a committee of the whole on that bill; when
Mr. SHEPARD moved to strike out the first section of the bill.
Mr. M'DOWELL seconded the motion. It was one he was himself prepared to have made. He thought the bill highly exceptionable. It is provided by this bill that the Volunteers shall not be subject to the militia training which the states have a right to put them under. If these volunteers are, indeed, to be considered as a Standing Army, then they are free from the authority of the states; but if they are not to be thus considered, to excise them from militia training, would be an interference with state authority which was altogether unlawful, and would have a tendency to destroy the militia, which had hitherto always been considered as the sure defence of the country. To excise these volunteers from militia duty, would also create a distinction between them and the militia which he was apprehensive would produce the most unhappy effects.
Mr. S. SMITH said, if he could consider these volunteers as part of the militia of the United States, he should agree in opinion with the gentleman left up; but he considered them not as a part of the militia, but as regular troops, bound to do regular service for two years, after they are accepted by the President. Surely, then, whilst men stand thus pledged for the public service, it would be very unreasonable indeed, to call upon them to do militia duty, and fine them for the neglect of doing it (for they could not perform both services).
Mr. SEWALL remarked, that these Volunteers, though they would not be subject to the Articles of War until they came into actual service, would nevertheless, according to this bill, be subject to rules and regulations to be established by the President, which he supposed would be founded upon the Articles of War. It must, therefore, appear to be reasonable to excise them from militia duty.
Mr. SHEPARD objected to this clause, because, in the first place it makes a call to the whole of the militia to come forward and make an offer of their service to the President of the U. States, which if complied with to any extent, would have the effect of destroying altogether the state authority with respect to the militia, and would convert the whole into a Standing Army, and consequently violate the Constitution. If the law could be so modified as to be made agreeable to the Constitution, he should not object to it; but at present, he thought it in direct violation of that provision which says, the training of the militia shall be left to the individual states. For this bill proposes that these men shall be called by another name, taken from their old Officers, and placed under such as shall be appointed by the President of the United States, and its certain effect must be to create a distinction betwixt the states and the United States.
Mr. HARPER said, that gentlemen who spoke against this bill, had taken an erroneous view of the subject. They spoke as if these Volunteers were to be excused from service, whereas they will be subject to much severer exercise than the militia, not only when called into actual service, but in the mean time, and they will therefore undergo a more rigid discipline than ever the militia are called to. They ought, certainly, therefore, to be exempted from militia duty.
Besides, Mr. H. said, he looked upon these corps as a much better defence than the ordinary militia could afford; and those gentlemen who spoke of the militia as being a sufficient defence for the country, he would refer to the fate of the canton of Berne, from which they will find that something more than spirit and bravery is necessary. It will be seen that nothing can be effected without discipline, for though the people of Bern, assisted by their wives and sisters, defended themselves bravely with their scythes and pitchforks, they were mown down by the superior discipline and order of the enemy. So that for want of energy and decision in their Government, and discipline in their troops, they were crushed and destroyed. This example he thought so strikingly in point, that he was astonished any gentleman should be found here to advocate similar remiss measures. Mr. H. had no doubt that our militia are as brave a set of men as any in the world; but courage alone will not avail; undisciplined courage placed against veteran troops, as in the instance just mentioned, would be certain to fail; it would only give the enemy the trouble of killing such a force, and filing the ditches with their dead bodies. In proportion, therefore, as you support the people discipline, organization, command, and military habits, you produce an effectual defence for the country. It was on this account that he was so favourably impressed with respect to the volunteers, and that he advocated the present bill.
Mr. MACON wished the gentleman from S. Carolina had examined the constitutional question, instead of referring the house to the fate of Berne. Whatever energy it might be necessary to exert, it ought to be exerted according to the constitution. He thought the present bill a direct violation of it. If these volunteers are regulars, there is no occasion for this clause, as the state cannot call upon regular soldiers, to do militia duty, so that this law, and the committee who formed it, must have considered them as a part of the militia. This, Mr. M. said was the same question which was formerly under discussion, on the original bill; and he had not altered his opinion of its unconstitutionality.
Mr. SHEPARD said, this bill was not only unconstitutional, but would create much uneasiness and disturbance in the country. He could not but be much obliged to the gentleman from S. Carolina (Mr. Harper) for his lecture on Military Duty; but he believed he (Mr. S. had forgotten more than that gentleman ever knew, and therefore did not want his instructions. He believed the militia are in general much better trained and disciplined than they would be in the form of Volunteers; but it seemed as if no man could be a good Officer, unless he received his commission from the President. He saw no foundation for such an idea.
Mr. BAYARD said, whatever name is given to these Volunteer Corps, whether they shall

be called regular troops, or not; there cannot be a doubt, that they are not to be considered as such, because by the law authorizing the President to raise a provisional army, he is directed to appoint the officers, and the Constitution is positive, that the officers of the Militia cannot be appointed, other than by the States.
Mr. B. supposed the gentleman from N. Carolina (Mr. Mason) did not mean to say that the Legislature of the U. States could not call out portions from a performance of Militia duty. A proof to the contrary might be found in the Militia law. It was clear, therefore, that the house had a right to excise volunteers, from militia duty, and the only question was as to the reasonableness and propriety of doing so; and he thought this must be very evident from the impossibility there would be of their complying with both laws.
Mr. BARBER wished to add one word in reply to what had fallen from the gentleman from Massachusetts, in relation to himself. That gentleman, whom he knew held a considerable military command, with a more military knowledge than he ever knew, because he never knew any; and because that gentleman seemed to possess but little at present; but he did not know that it was necessary to have a practical knowledge of military affairs, to determine that nothing can be done by way of defence, without discipline. He believed he might form as correct an opinion on that point as if he were possessed of all the military knowledge which that gentleman has.
Mr. GALLATIN observed, there was one point of view in which this subject had not been considered. If he understood the law which had been passed on this subject, his ideas were the same with respect to the Volunteers, with those of the gentlemen from Delaware and Maryland, viz. not that they are a part of the Militia, but a part of the army of the United States; for, if they had been considered as a part of the Militia, the law would have been unconstitutional, by giving the power of appointing officers to the President, instead of reserving it to the several States as the Constitution directs. He therefore considered that point as decided, viz. that these volunteers are a part of the army of the United States; but the section now under consideration goes to declare that such of the Volunteers as shall submit to certain rules of discipline, shall be exempt from Militia duty, and therefore such as shall not choose to submit to these rules, are to be considered as liable to do militia duty. In that view it was perfectly consistent with the bill passed. He conceived that the moment a person enlisted himself as a volunteer, he was exempt from Militia duty.
This bill, he understood, had been introduced to rectify a defect in the original law. A great deal had been said about the great effect of discipline, and of the fate of Berne, which he thought wholly irrelevant. When the original bill was formerly under consideration, it was objected against it that it did not provide sufficient regulations for the government of these corps. This is found now to be the case, and the deficiency is now proposed to be supplied. How is this to be done? By submitting to such rules and regulations as the President shall appoint, or if volunteers will neglect to do it, they are to be subject to militia duty. He neither thought this right or proper. He thought it ought to be made positive that the volunteers should conform to the rules laid down by the President, instead of leaving the matter at large; for having once determined the volunteers to be standing troops, by authorizing the President to appoint the officers, they cannot any longer be considered as at all appertaining to the militia. The section ought, therefore, either to be amended or rejected.
Mr. DANA thought the section stood very well at present. Every volunteer, whilst he remained such, must according to this bill, conform to the regulations of the President. Gentlemen still brought up the question as to what these corps ought to be called. They might call them what they pleased, Mr. D. said, if they did not call them "an army which will flee before the enemies of their country." As to the volunteers performing the duty of militia men, as well as the duty of their own corps, it would be utterly impossible to do it; but if any volunteer declined complying with the regulations laid down by the President for their government, he would be turned back to the militia; for it was not intended that any volunteer should perform a grudging service.
Mr. S. SMITH hoped the section would not be struck out, but that it would be amended in the way proposed by the gentleman from Pennsylvania.
Mr. VARNUM thought the objections to this section might be removed by an amendment in the way proposed. The objections made by his colleague (Mr. Shepard) and other gentlemen, would have been very proper when the original bill was under consideration; but at present he did not think they were applicable. He had himself at that time objected to this corps; but as it had been agreed to, and as it would be looked upon in no other light than as standing troops, and troops too which would be first called upon in case of any emergency, it would be wholly inconsistent to make them liable to militia duty.
The question on striking out was put and negatived 46 to 26.
The question now came on the proposition for loaning arms to the Volunteers, when
Mr. G. LATIN said, it had been provided by the law for raising a Provisional Army, that in case any of the Volunteers shall be called into service, before they get possession of arms, the President is authorized to loan to them field artillery, arms and accoutrements; but the provision in this bill proposes that these arms may be loaned for the purpose of drilling. This he did not think prudent, as it would operate as a discouragement to the purchase of arms by the volunteers themselves, and prevent the country from receiving that cheap defence from the service of these volunteers, which gentlemen had foreseen. He believed it would be sufficient to loan arms to such of these volunteers as may want them, when called into actual service. Mr. G. therefore moved to strike out the words which proposed this loan of arms.
Mr. S. SMITH said, the objection of the gentleman from Pennsylvania had some weight; but he believed it might be remedied by confining the loan of arms to field pieces; and he believed that volunteers would generally wish to find their own muskets.
Mr. GALLATIN varied his motion to meet the ideas of the gentleman last up.
Mr. DAYTON moved that the committee might rise. He found a compromise taking place between gentlemen which he did not approve. He thought there might be young men who would turn out as volunteers, who could not afford to purchase their own arms; and in such case he would have arms given to them. He hoped, therefore, a little time would be given to consider this subject.
The committee rose accordingly, and had leave to sit again.
To be Let, A small airy House, In Germantown, at a low rent. Enquire of Mrs. Haid, in Prune street. July 3—3t
The Gazette. PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY EVENING, July 6.
MR. FENNO, You will oblige me by publishing in your paper the answer of the President of the United States, to the address of four companies of militia of Morris county, in New-Jersey.
The infamous address which appeared in the Aurora a few days ago (to the honor of that truly federal state) was confined to the four companies with whom it originated. It went fully to prove, that the acknowledgment contained in the noble address of the commander in chief, general, and field officers, "that there were a few deluded and a few degraded characters amongst them," was founded in truth. It is but justice to the soldiers of those companies, to apply the first epithet to them. Their officers merit the last.
A JERSEY-MAN.
To the Officers and Soldiers of the four Companies of Militia of Morris county, State of New-Jersey.
GENTLEMEN, I HAVE received your address of the 4th of June, and am sorry to perceive any shades of difference in the sentiments of the New-Jersey militia.
Although you cannot say all that your superiors have said, yet I rejoice that in point of sincerity and attachment to the real interest of your country, you yield to none, and that when you are constitutionally and legally called, you will not shun the post of danger, nor be tardy in defending your rights and privileges when invaded by a foreign enemy, or attacked under any disguise whatever by a domestic foe. I hope you will never dare to place any man above the constitution and laws of your country.
Nothing human is absolutely perfect—the voice of adulation has never founded in the ears of the Executive Magistrates an universal approbation; if it had, there have been pamphlets and newspapers, private societies and resolves enough, as well as debates in the national legislatures, to convince any man to the contrary.
Had not the measures been adopted, which you have observed, we should have been in circumstances much more delicate. I believe you are very much mistaken when you suppose, that "interested commercial characters," joined with those whose political principles were not "friendly to a republican form of government, have led the way to our present embarrassment." You should remember, however, that there are "interested commercial characters," as well as persons, whose political principles are not friendly to our present form of republican government, who have urged hard to plunge us into the horrors of a war with a nation the most abject to annoy, and to force us into the arms of another whose form of government and administration are abhorrent to our own. It is our wisdom to form no connection with any foreign power that shall influence our form of government.
If America and any other nation should have a common enemy, and should concert measures together for the present conjuncture for mutual benefit, there need be no danger of our adopting their peculiarities of government, any more than their adopting ours; I believe their fears on this head will be stronger than ours, and perhaps better founded.
Your government is not, I hope, to be called a party; if a government of your choice is a party, how can you obtain one which will not be so? I know of but two ways, either to make it hereditary, or to place yourselves under a foreign military despotism. You will start with horror at the last, and I presume have no inclination to the first.
You are very much misinformed if you suppose the government embraces and carries all those characters, who were ever your worst enemies. Although it protects all men to the utmost of its power, who are not inimical, it embraces only such characters as are faithful to the constitution and the laws, their execution and impartial interpretation; it studies, however, not to ferment, or irritate, or perpetuate ancient prejudices, and malignant passions, which had better be dismissed.
Your insinuation concerning speculators on the soldiers pay, and the distresses concomitant with war, requires some notice. Who were the people who depreciated the soldiers pay? Were they not those who taught for doctrine, the commandments of wicked men? viz. "Public faith ought to be violated—Public credit ought to be destroyed—the public debt ought to be expunged." Were they not those who opposed every species of revenue under the old confederation, by which the soldiers pay could have been preferred from depreciation? I regret to see, in your address, so many fragments of those old discontented, jealousies, and murmurs, which once made the citizens of New Jersey as tributary to their neighboring states, as the French now desire to make us all to them. As to speculation, if you can devise a mode to destroy it, consist with the liberty of the citizen, and the security of property, I shall be obliged to you if you will communicate it to me.
With sincere good will, and cordial wishes for your satisfaction and contentment, I am your friend, JOHN ADAMS. Philadelphia, July 2d, 1798.
TO HIS EXCELLENCY JOHN ADAMS, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. THE subscribers, natives of Great Britain and Ireland, and inhabitants of the city of Albany and its suburbs, beg leave to assure you at this political crisis, that they are impressed with a strong sense of the duties of obedience and support of that government
which so benignly protects them; and that they possess a full confidence on the integrity, firmness and abilities, that have so eminently distinguished your administration. They well know the blessings of a good energetic government to be of inestimable value, and they feel with as keen remembrance as any, the injuries and insults wanonly and daringly committed by the French-republic, against the interests, dignity and independence of the United States.
Permit them, therefore, to pledge themselves ready to support government, by a cheerful compliance with every demand that may be made upon their property or their exertions, whilst they refrain from a more explicit offer of service at present, lest it be thought in any respect intrusive or premature. Signed by about one hundred English and Irishmen.
To the natives of Great Britain and Ireland inhabitants of the city of Albany and its suburbs, State of New-York. GENTLEMEN, WHETHER you are citizens or strangers I thank you for the address (which is at least civil and polite) presented to me by Mr. North, a senator in congress, from New York.
The strong lease you express of the duties of obedience and support to that government which benignly protects you, is conformable to the general character of the English and Irish nations.
In return for your confidence in the general government of this country, and your facility to outrages committed against the interest, dignity and independence of the United States, I will venture to say, that it is not the wish of America that France should conquer Great Britain or Ireland, that she is under no obligation of duty, or motive of interest to contribute by loans or gifts, by treaties or alliances, by war or intrigue any such purchase.
I receive very kindly your pledge of yourselves to be ready to support government by a cheerful compliance with every demand that may be made upon your property and exertions. In return, I can assure you while such a disposition continues, that you may rely upon the protection and hospitality of this country as far as depends upon me.
JOHN ADAMS. Philadelphia, June 28th, 1798.
By his Excellency JOHN JAY, Esquire, Governor of the State of New York. A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS the Government of the United States, to whom the people thereof (L.S.) of have committed the exclusive direction of their National Affairs, has been pleased to publish for the information of the citizens, divers important and alarming events and transactions—from which it appears,
That there exist well founded apprehensions that the Directors of the French Republic have long formed, and are strenuously pursuing a system of empire and aggrandizement subversive of the National Rights and Independence, not only of the greater part of Europe, but also of the United States—imposing upon them the necessity of partaking in her wars, and of contributing to her expense;
That the cautious and neutral conduct which the United States, and several other nations have observed towards that Republic, has not been able to shield them from the operation of that system: but on the contrary, that complaints against the United States have been diligently sought and alleged, and followed, not by friendly remonstrances and conciliatory overtures, but by unnecessary and unmerited marks of contempt, and by injurious and repeated aggressions;
That the late and present President, both of whom are eminently distinguished by uprightness and sincerity, have at two different periods sent Ministers, to that Republic, with ample powers and special instructions to do their utmost endeavours to preserve peace, and bring all differences, to an amicable conclusion, and on reasonable terms.
That notwithstanding the accustomed respect which civilized and contending nations usually pay, as well as owe to each other, and which requires that ambassadors charged with overtures for peace and conciliation, should at least be received and heard, and treated with civility; yet the first of those ministers was refused to be admitted into the presence of the said Directors, and after singular delay and neglect, was dismissed in a manner very disgusting to free, independent and friendly people;
That although the respect which every Nation owes to itself, strongly opposed the policy of giving to those Directors, another opportunity of again treating the United States with familiar indignity, yet an earnest and prevailing desire to maintain peace with all nations, and particularly with the French Republic, induced the President to appoint three Envoys extraordinary, selected from the three great Districts of the United States, and send them to France, with ample powers and instructions to treat in a friendly manner with that Government, respecting all differences and complaints, and to accommodate and settle them on terms limited only by the Honor, Independence and essential interests of the United States.
That notwithstanding such strong degrees, proved by such unequivocal and uncommon efforts to preserve peace and friendship with that Republic, those envoys were not only refused to be received and accredited, but new difficulties and fresh obstacles to accommodation were interposed, by demands which no Nation ought to make, and to which no Nation ought to submit.
These facts and circumstances strongly indicate designs and systems hostile to our Peace and Independence; and in connection with the long continued, encroaching and ruinous depredations on our commerce, afford reason to expect that a more open and decided rupture will take place, the moment that further delay shall cease to be convenient.
And whereas several of the more alarming of these events had not been published by order of the Government of the United States, and in an authentic manner, until after the adjournment of the last session of the Legislature of this State: it has become prudent to take without delay such measures relative to defence, as the present exigency requires, and which cannot be feasibly and sufficiently provided for by the United States, without the auxiliary efforts of a State.
Wherefore, concurring in opinion with many of our best informed citizens, I think it my duty to give to the Legislature of this State, as early opportunity of taking these important matters into the serious consideration; and thereupon to do whatever may
be proper and necessary in such an emergency; with firm reliance on the Divine protection, and with infinite resolution never to surrender their Independence, and pay tribute to any Nation whatever.
I do therefore in pursuance of the authority constitutionally vested in me, hereby summon and require the members of the Senate, and also the members of the Assembly of this State, to convene and meet in the City Hall of the city of Albany, on the ninth day of August next, and this Proclamation (which all the Printers of Gazettes in this State are hereby desired forthwith to publish in their Papers) is to be considered as due and sufficient notice.
Given under my Hand and the Privy Seal of the State, at the City of New York, on the second day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven-hundred and ninety-eight, and in the twenty second year of the Independence of the United States of America.
JOHN JAY.
From the Commercial Advertiser. As I have not been in the habit of addressing my fellow citizens through the medium of a newspaper, it may in the estimation of some well disposed persons be thought imprudent and presuming thus to expose myself to the peevish and malice of the worst of men. But at a moment like the present, when most of the governments of Europe are shaken to their center, and all the republics swallowed up by the devouring monster of modern Gaul; when those despicable tyrants threaten us with the fate of Venice, and infamous aliens in the bosom of our country (who have fled for refuge from the vengeance of their own) boast their readiness to co-operate in executing their diabolical intentions; I presume that most of my countrymen will agree with me, that it is not a time for ceremony, but prompt and nervous action. Impressed with these ideas I am induced to state the following facts.
Some time in the month of June, Dr. James Smith called at my house, and on his leaving it, took my hat and left his in the place of it; the next day I was directed to call at John D. Burk's printing-office, as the most likely place to find him; I went to the office accordingly, and whilst there, a person called and informed Mr. Burk that a certain bookseller in this city had received a letter from his friend in Virginia, stating that the French had effected their landing in Ireland—Burk, with marks of much approbation, exclaimed, that he believed it was true, and if so that he would not give a damn for the Federalists in this country—that he believed the French would come here, and he wished to God they would, when every scoundrel in favor of this government would be put to the guillotine—that they had hinted that he would be sent away as an alien—but then he would let them know who was the strongest party. The indignant reader will no doubt query—
And it is possible that there are Americans so infamous as to sanction declarations like these? I would answer yes, and we have abundant cause to believe that among the number, are those legislative opponents of a nervous and manly resistance of the attacks of France upon our sovereignty and independence. Narrow, contracted and unprincipled must those minds be, which, at this awful period can act as if engaged in a contest for place and power; and which, instead of proceeding upon the broad ground of constitutional vigilance, can descend to political squabbles, contentions and broils, dishonorable to themselves, and disgraceful to the government. If by such conduct, we should be ultimately driven, which Heaven forbid! to purchase by a base sacrifice of our honor and our safety, a short respite from hostility, the heavy load of responsibility will crush them with its weight, and the maledictions of society will proclaim them the enemies of their country.—Firmness, vigor and decision, have heretofore formed the characteristic features of Americans in the hour of distress. Though the public mind is, I fear in some degree, perverted, the national character, I trust is not gone; let us be true to ourselves and we have nothing to fear; but the man who when difficulties press and danger surrounds, refuses to lend his support to the state, is a miscreant that deserves to be rejected from her bosom.
I cannot dismiss this subject without again calling the reader's attention to the indignity offered to the majesty of the American people, through the Chief Magistrate in the following paragraph, by that imported patriot, the unprincipled John D. Burk, editor of the tedious Time Piece.
"When such a character attempts by antiquated and exploded sophistry, by jesuitical arguments to extinguish the sentiment of Liberty; 'TIS FIT the mask should be torn off from this meaner species of Aristocracy that history has condescended to record, where a person without patriotism, without philosophy, without a taste for the fine arts, building his pretensions on a gross and undigested compilation of statutes and precedents is jostled into the chief magistracy by the ominous combination of old Tories with old opinions, and old Whigs with new: 'TIS FIT this mock March, with his court composed of Tories and speculators, should pass in review before the good sense of the world.—Monarchies are seen only with indignation and concern; at sight of these terrible establishments tears accompany the execrations of mankind; but when the champion of the swell born, with his serene court, is seen soliciting and answering addresses, and pronouncing anathemas against France, it shall be my fault if other emotions be not excited; if to tears and execrations be not added derision and contempt."
How long ye slumbering Americans, will you be thus lulled? Awake from your deathful stupor and spurn from the society of freemen this wretch who is composed of that stuff, of which the Spy, the Assasin and the Sycophant, is formed.
THEMISTOCLES. The name of the Author is left with the Printer. * A news-paper printed in New-York.
From the Western Telegraph—(printed at Washington, Pennsylvania)
IT has been said and reiterated by wise men, "That the highest point of wisdom is, to be able to manage our affairs by the strength of our own judgment; the next is to listen to the advice of the best men; but he that is neither wise enough to govern by himself, nor willing to be led by the counsel of wise men, is a rank fool." Few are able to arrive at the first point, from want of judgment, but from the want of the necessary means of information. Much knowledge and experience are unnecessary to distinguish between things right and things apparently so, which if we want, are bound to pursue the advice of the most judicious and wise men among us. If the preceding observations be found in good sense, it becomes an important enquiry—Have we been governed by them? Have we listened to the wise, the prudent and the best informed; or have we been led astray by the Syren strains of demagogues,
without character or talents, who consider the obligations imposed by religion, laws and morals, as "trifles light as air," and who seek, by the abuse of the wisest measures of our government, and our best men to "break what they term the Lilliputian ties by which they are "bound"? I fear this latter has too generally been the case in this country, and that the partisans of France so remarkable for their disregard of religion, contempt of laws and depravation of morals have been listened to with too much pleasure by many good men. Distrust of lawful authority, abuse of honest characters and the propagation of impious opinions are the acknowledged means used by the French government to corrupt, divide and ruin us. The calumniators of the measures of our government, and of our wisest and best men, compose part of the diplomatic corps, of whose skill the French government boasts, and who are to defeat the representations of our envoys and disarm the American people, of their resentment. Can it be possible, that the miscreant agents and admirers of France will be able by misrepresentation any longer to mislead the people, whose independence and best interests they have betrayed, after our envoys have been told, in plain terms, unless as much money be given as could be raised from the people, by forced loans, I suppose; that the diplomatic skill of France and the means she possesses in "this" country were sufficient to enable her with the French party in America to throw the blame which "would attend the rupture of the negotiation on "federalists."—After this declaration by the government of France, let not their partisans be listened to with patience, but let them be pointed at by the finger of scorn as traitors to their country. Let no man be permitted, with impunity, to abuse the administration of our government, or discredit its advocates with the people. Let the partisans of France, whose profane touch had almost poisoned the fountain of representation, now meet the frowns of an enlightened people who have too long lowered on the best friends of the independence and honor of their country.
* See Jefferson's letter to Mr. Manneri.
THE SCOTS IRISHMAN TO ALL HIS COUNTRYMEN, CITIZENS OF AMERICA, who are not irreclaimable Jacobins.
A SONG. To be sung to the Tune of "The BOYNE WATER."
WHEN glories William led our Sires 'Gainst Popery and Thralldom, All Irish hearts felt generous fire, When sacred freedom call'd them. At her dread voice, where William led, They boldly follow'd after, And for their rights fought undismayed Thro' danger, blood and slaughter. Shall we, their sons, degenerate prove— Forget our father's glory, Nor for our country's feel that love, Which shines in Irish glory? Shall we regardless of the call Of liberty and reason, Permit the proud insulting Gaul Our choicest rights to seize on? Within our veins runs Scotia's blood, (Bring not disgrace upon her) Unconquer'd still it freely flow'd T' assert her injured honor. There, brave Galgacus nobly slay'd Th' invading Romans' vengeance, And gallant Wallace fought and bled For national independence, When Washington, of deathless name, Columbia's flag unfurl'd The British tyranny to tame, And free the western world; The danger of the glorious strife, Hibernians largely shar'd it, Unheeding loss of limb or life, When freedom's cause requir'd it. And can ye now endure the rod Of lawless usurpation? And basely tremble at the nod Of a perfidious nation? Those flav'es our fathers oft subdu'd Beneath the British banners, In many a far-fam'd field of blood 'Neath Marlboro and Manners!! O list not to their fyren songs, Who with false tales decoy you! With peace and justice on their tongues,— They charm but to destroy you. When once they've trampled on the laws, 'They vilely will delver To foreign Harpies blood-stain'd claws Your country's rights for ever. Consider him, nor good, nor wise, When ruthless, foes do threaten, Who sits, with ruffian blood, the price Of just defence to reckon. What signifies your wealth and ease, Without the power to keep 'em; Or blessings of inglorious peace, Which freedom does not sweeten? Let frozen hearts and grov'ling souls Lie by, in cold inaction, And 'gainst their country be the tools Of a base foreign faction: But let US our duty feel, And, with a noble ardor, Surround the LAWS with hearts of steel, Nor mean suspicion harbor.
* Our adopted Country.
† A Caledonian prince who at the head of his countrymen, opposed and defeated the Roman general Agricola, who had marched a great army into the country to subdue it, and punish the Caledonians for their rebellion in refusing to submit to the Roman yoke.
‡ It is well known that the British drew the best troops in their army from Scotland and Ireland.
|| The marquis of Granby, who commanded the British forces at the battle of Minden, where seven thousand British troops defeated and put to flight eighty thousand French in fair battle.
Pennsylvania Hospital, 6th month 29, '98. AT a meeting of the Contributors, held the 23d instant, in order to obtain a decision on the propriety of completing a Dome to the new building heretofore agreed upon; it was thought the number of members met, were not enough to reveal the former conclusion—it was therefore resolved, that the Managers should call another meeting for that purpose.
Agreeably to this Resolve—
The Contributors are again requested to meet at the Pennsylvania Hospital, on the ninth day of the next month, being the 24 day of the week, at four o'clock in the afternoon, to reconsider and decide upon the propriety of completing the said Dome.
By order of the Managers, Samuel Coates, clerk. June 29. Strooy
To be Let, (And possession given on the 1st of May) A genteel three story brick House, 22 feet front, and 40 feet deep, with back buildings and stables, at present in the tenure of Major Jackson. Enquire at 187 South Third street. April 2.

By this day's Mail.
NEW-YORK, July 5. Yesterday the glorious anniversary of our Birth-Day as a nation, was celebrated here with uncommon demonstrations of joy...
1. The Day. May it ever be the anniversary of a real not a nominal independence. 2. The President of the United States—May we stand ready to record with our blood, that he needs no apology.
BOSTON, July 1. On Thursday last, the Legislature of this Commonwealth, after an important and patriotic session of about four weeks, was prorogued to the second Wednesday in January next.
The Subscribers to the fund for building the ship to be loaned to the United States, are hereby notified that 25 per cent upon their respective subscriptions, is now called for...
LANDING, At South-Street wharf, the cargo of the ship Connecticut, from Batavia—About 300 tons of Java Coffee, 60 tons of Java Sugar...
The Gazette. PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY EVENING, July 6.
CINCINNATI. An elegant entertainment given by the Pennsylvania Society of the Cincinnati, at O'Ellers's Hotel, to celebrate the Anniversary of American Independence...
The following gentlemen are elected officers of the Pennsylvania State Society of the Cincinnati. General Mifflin, President; General Moylan, Vice President...
On the glorious anniversary of American Independence, the officers of the second regiment of the city of Philadelphia, under the command of Colonel Scott...
from those, whose only aim is dominion and power. 11. Our late Envoys to France—May they meet as they went, cordially beloved, a heavy we come to the bosom of the grateful country.
Extract of a letter dated Philadelphia, 26th March, 1798. "A general peace is happily not likely to take place soon; but our city and neighborhood, we hope will continue tranquil...
CONGRESS. Yesterday, the House of Representatives of the United States, on motion of Mr. S. SMITH went into a Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union...
TO BE SOLD. A two story frame House, WITH the lot of ground thereto belonging, situated on the west side of Fifth-Street, between Lombard and South-Streets.
speaking, traduce or defame the legislature of the United States, by seditious or inflammatory declarations or expressions, with intent to create a belief in the citizens thereof...
For the Gazette of the United States. "YET forty days and Nineveh shall be overthrown" said he who had been swallowed by the whale.
GAZETTE MARINE LIST. PORT OF PHILADELPHIA. ARRIVED. Schrs. Nancy, Wilson, George-town, The ship Fame, Ricard, from Porto Rico...
FOR SALE. 50 Casks of Prime Teas, CONSISTING of Imperial, Hyson, Souchong, Hyson Skin, Young Hyson and Bohea, just arrived in the Ships Ramapo and Ontario...
MR. FENNELL. RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the public, that he will deliver on Monday evening next, the 9th of July, at 8 o'clock, at O'Ellers's Hotel...
Office for Stamps. No. 52 Second Street, the corner of Chestnut Street. ALL kinds of blank stamps, sold by WILLIAM A. YOUNG...
Attention! Casualty! At a meeting of a number of citizens held at the house of William Ogden, for the purpose of raising a top of Hooke's (the attached to aarperson's) the following gentlemen were appointed an election committee...
Artillerists. THE pattern of uniform agreed upon by the 6th Company of Artillery, may be seen at Capt. Handle's, in Race Street...
Light Infantry—Attention! THE members of the Federal Light Infantry Company, attached to the 1st Regiment of Philadelphia County Militia, will...
Bank of Pennsylvania, JULY 3, 1798. At a meeting of the Directors this day, a dividend of sixteen dollars on each share for the last six months ending the 30th ult., was declared...
Bank of the United States, JULY 24, 1798. THE Directors have this day declared a dividend of sixteen dollars on each share of stock...
FOR SALE. A neat Coach, WITH Venetian blinds and glasses, plated harness, all in complete order, and little worse than new.

ISAAC HARVEY, JUN.  HIS FOR SALE, At No. 9, SOUTH WATER-STREET, A QUANTITY OF  Prime Aux-Cayes Molasses Carolina Rice Crd. Fish, in hds. and A parcel of men's and womens Combs, assorted. ALSO, A few tons of Nicaragua Wood. june 27 $3w
JOHN MILLER, JUN. NO. 8, CHESTNUT STREET, Has received, per the Richmond from Calcutta A Quantity of Sugar. West India Molasses quality, which he offers for sale very low for cash or at 60 days. HE HAS ALSO ON HAND, A variety of British Dry Goods, which he will dispose of on the most reasonable terms. India Calicoes by the Bale, &c. &c. june 5
Bordeaux Brandy, Claret in hds. White wine in half hds. Claret Frontinac Sauterne Lundi Red Skins Wines in Cases.  76,000 lbs. Jacquemel Coffee. 60,000 Bourbon do. 114 Boxes of white Havana Sugar—and 50 Hogsheads of Tobacco FOR SALE BY  JOHN SAVAGE. june 2
SEBASTIAN VOIGT,  CLOCK & WATCHMAKER, INFORMS his friends and the public in general, that he has removed from No. 149, North Second-street, to Market, between Fourth and Fifth-streets, No. 173, where he carries on the above business in all its various branches. He keeps as usual a general assortment of war- ranted watches. june 25
FOR SALE, 800 pieces of Sail Cloth 10 tons of Sheet Lead Apply to  JOSEPH ANTHONY & Co. june 15
LANDING, At Walnut Street wharf, from the Brig SALLY, James Yardley, master, from Port au Prince, 38 Hogsheads } Prime Sugar. 40 Tierces } 35 Hogsheads } Coffee. 225 Bags } FOR SALE BY  Thomas & John Keiland. WHO HAVE ALSO ON HAND, Ironmongery and Cutlery in packages Guns assorted in cases Queen's ware in crates Claret in hds. and cases Port wine of a superior quality in pipes, hds. and quarter casks New-York and Boston Beef, &c. june 16
Fresh Teas. Just Imported, in the Ship Delaware, Captain Cooper, from Canton, And For Sale by  SAMUEL HOWELL, At his Compting House, No. 54, Chestnut-street, AND BY  SAM. E. HOWELL, At his Compting House, Crooked billet wharf, Bohea, Souchoong, Hyson, Young Hyson, Hyson Skin, and Imperial TEAS. ALSO, China Ware, assorted; black and coloured Lute- stirring and Sattins, Nankinees, Caffa, large garden and common Fans, fatin and lute stirring Umbrellas, whale-bone Ricks. They have also For Sale, Ell wide Persian, Bandanna Handkerchiefs, French Cambricks and Umbrellas, Sugar in boxes. june 8
ADVERTISEMENT. DESERTED from a detachment under the command of captain Edward Miller, sta- tioned at Spring Gardens. June 2d, 1798—John McKissock, born in Ireland, county of Antrim; 5 feet 9 inches in height, dark hair, eyes and complexion, pock marked; aged 28 years, speaks broad, indistinct by origin Rooty at New Brunswick, had on his regimentals, stole a blanket when he went away, he is a drunkard and very abusive. June 6th—James Crawford, born in Chester, State of Massachusetts, brown hair, grey eyes, fair complexion, five feet 11 inches in height, aged 24 years, by trade a blacksmith, had on his full regimentals and left his post when on sentry.—150. Eliakim Stow, a prisoner, born in Smyrna, State of Connecticut, aged 36 years, black hair dark eyes and complexion, a repeated defector, very abusive, writes a tolerable hand and is ve- ry talkative. Had an regimental shirt and over- alls when he deserted the guard. Whoever will apprehend the above deserters and return them to Spring Gardens in Philadel- phia, or to any officer belonging to the United States or confine them in any goal and give no- tice so that they may be obtained shall have ten dollars reward for either of them, or thirty for the three and all reasonable charges paid.  EDWARD MILLER, captain 2d regiment of Infantry. The different printers in the union are requested to insert the above. june 11
FOR SALE. SEVERAL very elegant Situations for Sum- mer Retreats, three and a half miles from the Court House, and on the Frankford Road; the lots will be made to suit the purchasers.— These Situations are considered in point of health beauty and elegance, equal to any near the city, and the road known to be safe and good at all seasons of the year. The title indisputable—A plan of the grounds is in the hands of the sub- scribers, who will make known the terms on ap- plication to him at his office No. 124 South Fourth Street.  ABRAHAM SMOEMAKER. may 2, 31wtf
NOTICE. JAMES CUMMING & Co. late of the city of Philadelphia, merchants, having assigned over certain lands, book-debts, specialties, &c. &c. to the subscribers, for the benefit of those creditors who have claims against them prior to the year 1797, that have or shall subscribe the said assign- ment within six months from the date thereof (28th May, 1798). THEREFORE, All persons who are indebted to said es- tate, for debts contracted before the month of June, 1797, are hereby required to make imme- diate payment of their respective accounts, to the assignees, at their office, No. 62, Dock Street—in failure whereof, actions will be instituted for the recovery of such debts as be not immediately dis- charged. John Travis, } Assignees. John Waddi gton, } James Taylor, } june 27 mwtf
An Anchor found. ABOUT three miles below the Cross Ledge, a buoy was discovered on the eastern side of the channel, which, on being weighed, brought up an anchor of about 500 wt. without a cable to it. There is no weight stamped on the anchor, nor any mark on the buoy or anchor stock. The owner, by applying to the subscriber, on board the Schooner Mahala, at Levi Hollingsworth's wharf, and paying reasonable charges and expen- ces, shall have it again. ARTHUR ROBBINS, Master of the Schooner. N. B. The Anchor will be left with Levi Hol- lingsworth & Son, in conformity to the act of the State Legislature in such cases provided. june 27 tawam
Millinery Room, 136, Market Street, Miss CHRISTAL, INFORMS her friends, that she has received by the late arrivals from Europe, her usual supply of the very latest fashions in MILLINERY, &c. &c. with a great variety of Straw, Leghorn, and Grip HATS and BONNETS, of the newest shapes, which will be opened this day. june 11 20
FOR SALE, BY THE SUBSCRIBERS, The Cargo of the Ship Richmond, Captain Hathaway, from Bengal, Gurrahs, white } Gazzes Ditto, blue } Guzzanahs Salams } Emeries Gorahs } Mow Sannas Mamoodies } Peniacobs Tickeries } Baftas Remalls } Coffas Doreas } Tanjehs Chints } Malda Cloths Saul Gazzes } Carwah Cloths An elegant assortment of  Madras Handkerchiefs Benares SUGAR COTTON and GINGER FOR SALE BY  Mordecai Levis. may 25, 2w 21w2w
Now Opening, At WILLIAM M'LAWS Saddle Manufactory, No. 72, Chestnut Street, A general assortment of Horseman's Pistols, direct from the Manufacturers in London, ALSO ON HAND, Saddles, Bridles, Holsters, Half Covers, Light Horseman's Caps, Swords, Cartridge Boxes, Va- lises, Saddle Bags, Portmanteau's, Hard Leather Trunks, Carriage and Chair Harness, &c. june 9
TO BE LET, And possession given immediately, THAT WELL KNOWN TAVERN HOUSE, No. 333, in Front-street, Near Poole's bridge—formerly the sign of the Ewe and Lamb. Enquire at No. 91, North Sixth Street. june 15
NOTICE, THE Owners or Consignees of vessels per- forming quarantine are to take notice that a cart arrives from the Hospital at the Health- Office at 7 o'clock and leaves it by 9 every morn- ing (Sundays excepted) such supplies as are to be forwarded to vessels are desired to be sent to the Health Office before the hour of nine. june 8
The following Certificates OF Funded Debt and Bank of United States Stock, were forwarded from England per the Countess of Leicester Packet, in the 11th month, 1797, which vessel has been captured, and the Certificates supposed to be lost. 4000 dollars 4 3/4 per cent. Stock, standing on the books of the Treasury, in the name of Bird Savage and Bird Certificate no 183, dated July 19th, '96. Ten Shares Stock of the Bank of United States in the name of Miller, Hart & Co. of London, in one Certificate, No. 16067, dated the 11th day of January, 1797. For the renewal of which certificates, applica- tion is intended to be made at the Office of the Treasury of the United States, and at the Bank of United States; of which all persons interested therein, are desired to take notice.  JOHN WARDER. Philadelphia, 5 mo. 26, 1798. 21w3m
LOST, ON THE FOURTH INSTANT. A NOTE OF HAND, George Pennock, to J. Dorsey, and S. M. Fox, which fell due on that day and was duly paid. The Bank receipt is on it, therefore it is useless to any other than the owner. The parties will be obliged to any person who shall return it. june 8 31w3w
Brown Stout. 50 casks BROWN STOUT, of 6 and 7 doz. each, just received per capt. Joyce, and for sale by  Benjamin W. Morris. LIKEWISE, 200 casks CLARET, of the very first quality. june 9, mwght
Ephraim Clark,  CLOCK & WATCHMAKER, Corner of Front and Market Street, WHERE he is just opening a very extensive supply of clock dials, cat brass, bells, for- ged work and pinions, pumice stone and emery, sheet br. ss, hand and bench vices, watch and clock pliers, large and small files, shoe and knee chaps, chains, feels and keys, gold, gilt and silver watch- es, spring and weight clocks. june 12 tu&sat
This Day is Published, AND FOR SALE BY J. TENN, 110, CHESTNUT-STREET AN ADDRESS  To the People of Maryland, ON the origin, progress and present state of French aggression, with a sketch of the infamous attempts to degrade the Government of the United States, and some reflections on the late proceedings in Congress; written the last of April in the pre- sent year, by a Member of the House of Represen- tatives. june 11
United States.  Pennsylvania District. IN Pursuance to a Writ to me directed from the honorable Richard Peters, Esq. Judge of the District Court of the United States, in and for the Pennsylvania district, will be exposed to public sale at the Custom-house in the city of Philadelphia on Wednesday the 11th day of Ju- ly next at 12 o'clock at noon. 1 Punccheons of Rum 1 Cask of ditto, and 1 Small cask containing Artificial Flowers. The same having been libelled against, pro- cured and condemned as forfeited in the said Court. William Nichols, marshal. june 20
Silk and Cotton Hosiery, ASSORTED IN TRUNKS. LADIES and Gentlemen's silk and cotton Hose, received by the Adriana, from London, and will be sold very low, for cash or good notes, at 27, North Third-street. june 20. cod wtm2w
NOW LANDING, From on board the Ship Four Friends, and for sale at the Stores of  JESSE & ROBERT WALN, A cargo of Havanna Molasses. june 13
FOR SALE, The Cargo of the Schr. Sincerity Benjamin Moutheat Master, from Laguira, consisting of 945 Barregees of Cocoa 4000 lb. of Flora India 210 Bales of Cotton 4 Packages of Goat Skins By Willing & Francis. No. 21 Penn Street. july 2: dtf
FOR SALE, BY THE SUBSCRIBERS, NO. 21 PENN-STREET, 18 Bags Fresh Cloves. Willing & Francis. june 19. dtf
Canal Lottery, No. II. Considerably more than Half Drawn. Drawn twice a week, every Monday & Tuesday TICKETS For Sale, Seven Dollars each, at  WILLIAM BLACKBURN'S Lottery and Brokers office, No. 64 South Second-street, where check books are kept for examination and registering in this City of Washington No. 2. and Paterson Lotteries and information where Tickets may be had in most of the Lotteries au- thorised by law in any of the States of the Union. STATE OF THE WHEEL. One prize of 10,000 dollars 10,000 Five 4,000 20,000 Two 2,000 4,000 Nine 1,000 9,000 Nineteen 500 9,500 Forty-four 200 8,800 With a full proportion of the one hundred and of the fifty dollar prizes—the price of tick- ets will soon rise, particularly on account of the five 4,000 dollar prizes that remain in the wheel until the last day of drawing. Note, the business of a Broker duly ac- tended to in all its branches at the above office may 24 wksf
Wants a Place, A young man, to attend in a Public House, or assist in a Porter Cellar—one who can be well re- commended. A line directed to J. B. and left with the Printer will be attended to. july 3.
FOR SALE. A THREE STORY Brick House, on the north side of Spruce-street near Second-street, adjoining the wall of Mr. Jones's garden and formerly occupied by David Lenox, Esq.—This house is in complete repair with back buildings, consisting of a Piazza, Kitchen and a handsome Dining Room over the Kitchen. Any Person inclined to purchase will view the premises, a more particular description is con- sidered unnecessary. The terms of payment will be one third cash, one third in 6 months and the remainder in 12 months with interest. For further information, Enquire of  JOHN CRAIG, No. 12 Dock-street. june 16
Notice is hereby Given, THAT Proposals will be received for a Collec- tion of the Poor Tax of the present year for the City of Philadelphia—one for the Northern Liberties and one for the District of Southwark, who will be required to give such security as shall be approved of by the Board of Guardians. Any person desirous of having either of the above appointments is requested to bring for- ward the names of his securities on or before Wednesday next the 27th inst. to  Edward Shoemaker, 127 Market-street. june 21. daw
JUST RECEIVED, By the Adriana from London, And for sale at this Office. A few copies, in French, of a work entitled,— " Histoire de l'administration des finances de la Re- publique Francaise, pend. nt l'annee 1796. Par Sir Francis d'Ivernois." Also, A few copies of another production of the same writer, entitled, " Tableau historique et politique de l'adminis- tration de la Republique Francaise pendant l'annee 1797, des causes qui ont amene la Revolution du 4 Septembre, et de ses Resultats." june 25
Salisbury Estate. THE Subscriber, proposing to contract his busi- ness, offers this Estate for sale, on moderate terms. On it are one Blast and three Air Furnaces, a complete Boring Machine, and a very good grill Mill, with two pair of stones; also a good Forge, all in perfect repair, are all the Water Works connect- ed with these various branches. The Air Furnaces were lately built for the purpose of casting Cannon for this State.—There are about two thousand acres of Land, one half of which is under wood, the other very fine arable Land, producing the best Hay and Pasture. The Cannon lately manufactured there, fully proves the excellency of the metal, which is superior to any in this country, and probably equal to any in the world; for not one of forty-nine guns lately made, although some of the 24 were bored into 32 pounders have failed on proving. The situa- tion is very eligible, particularly for this branch of manufacture, and a place of arms lying in the state of Connecticut, and only 30 miles from several land- ings on the Hudson's river, and having every advan- tage that can result from a plenty of water issuing from a large natural pond, very near the Furnace, and which may be converted into a variety of other useful purposes. The purchaser can be accommo- dated with all the stock and utensils, and have possession on or before the first of June next, and preparation may be made in the mean time for gaining into blidim- mediately thereafter, for every part will be delivered in good order, with some coal, Ore, &c. &c. For terms, apply to Mr. Joseph Anthony, in Philadel- phia; David Brooks, Esq., one of the Representatives in Congress for this State; Mr. David Waterman, on the premises, or to the proprietor in New-York.  WILLIAM NEILSON.
For Sale, The new and fast sailing SCHOONER,  ADVENTURE, RALPH PIGOT, master. Now lying at Jeff & Robert Waln's wharf, her length is sixty-five feet—breadth twenty feet her depth nine feet ten inches and measures one hundred and twenty tons and 20-95ths—for terms apply to the master on board or George Plumsted, No. 166 South Front-street. And now Landing on board the said Schooner 50 tons Logwood, AND HE HAS NOW ON HAND, A quantity of Sherry Wines Mankenees, China Young Hyson Tea Fans Rice &c. Which will be disposed of low for Cash or a short credit. july 3
For Boston, THE SCHOONER  BETSEY, Now lying at Chestnut-street Wharf. John P. CASWELL, master. A new vessel, 100 Tons Burthen, fitted as a Packet, and has excellent accomodations for passengers—For freight or passage apply to the master on board, or to Joseph Anthony & Co. june 29 cod3t
FOR LIVERPOOL, THE SHIP  LIBERTY, CAPTAIN BRAY. A regular trader, and having the greater part of her cargo en- gaged;—will sail on or about the 10th of next month. For terms apply at No. 74, North Front street, or to Rope & Simpson june 25
For London, THE BARQUE  ADRIANA. SHE is now ready to take in, and will sail in a short time, having part of her cargo engaged.—For freight or passage (having excellent accomodations) apply to the subscri- bers, or on board the vessel at Clifford's wharf. Knox, Henderson, & Co. No. 46, North Front-street. Who have for Sale, A Handsome Assortment of the most Fashionable Goods, Imported in the Adriana, captain Lee, from London, lately arrived, under convoy. june 23
For Hamburg, The fast sailing Ship  Little Martha, A staunch, good vessel, in com- plete order; has the greatest part of her cargo engaged, and will sail with all possi- ble expedition. For freight, apply to Joseph Anthony & Co. june 22.
FOR LONDON, The copper bottomed SHIP  SALLY, Captain Lockyer. A considerable part of her cargo is already engaged;—to fail with all convenient speed.—For terms ap- ply to ROSS & SIMSON, No. 121, South Front-street. june 11
LANDING, At Walnut Street Wharf, from on board the brig Amiable Matilda, William Brown, Master, from Bourdeaux, Claret in hogsheads and in cases of SUPERIOR QUALITY, Brandy in Pipes, FOR SALE, Thomas & John Keiland. Said Brig for sale, With two pair-four pound CAN- NON, and one pair 12 lb. CAR- RONADES. june 29
Cotton Cocoa Anatto Dye, or Rocou Just arrived, per the Schooner Three Sisters, Wil- iam Shallers, master, from Cayenne, And FOR SALE AT No. 22, Little Water-street, by JEHU HOLLINGSWORTH & Co. june 20
James C. & Saml. W. Fisher, No. 13 ARCH-STREET, Have for Sale 200 Casks best refined Salt Petre Bell London Window Glass from 10 by 8 to 12 by 10 Ditto Glass Ware in Casks assorted consisting of pint and half-pint Tumblers, Wine Glasses, Goblets, &c. A few Bales of Red, White and Yellow Flan- nels, Baizes and Kendall Cottons. june 27 3awtf
TO BE SOLD,  40,939 acres of Land. IN Greene County, Commonwealth of Pennsyl- vania, on the waters of Fifth and Wheeling Creeks and Ten Mile Run. These Lands are fertile and well timbered, and abound in Coal; they were sold ten years ago for five shillings per acre; patented early in 1783, ex- cept 3700 acres, which were patented in 1792; a part of them were surveyed in 1783. The tract is between the Ohio and Monongahela, very con- venient to water carriage, about 19 miles from the town of Washington, from 14 to 16 from the village of Greenough and Wheeling. On payment of one fourth of the purchase mo- ney, a reasonable credit will be given for the re- sidue. Enquire of the Printer. june 21.
TO BE SOLD,  26,780 acres of Land, IN the State of New York, between the northern bounds of Pennsylvania and the Susquehanna now, or late in the townships of Hamden and Warren and county of Warren. These Lands, from their quality and situation, are a very desirable object for any man who means to invest his money to advantage. On payment of one third of the purchase mo- ney, a reasonable credit will be given for the re- sidue. Enquire of the Printer. june 21.
Bank of North America, June 30th, 1798. AT a meeting of the Directors, it was agreed to declare a Dividend of Six per Cent: for the half year ending this day—which will be paid to the Stockholders or their legal Re- presentatives at any time after the tenth day of July. By order of the Board,  JOHN NIXON, President. june 30
NOTICE—That the first Tues- day of August next, is appointed for the hearing before a Court of Common Pleas, of Al- legheny county, in the State of Pennsylvania, on an application for the benefit of the acts of this State, providing for the relief of insolvent debt- ors, having at June term last presented my peti- tion, with a schedule annexed, of all my estate, real, personal, and mixed, rights, and credits, to be assigned for the use of my creditors. WILLIAM WUSTHOFF. june 30.
Treasury Department, March 19, 1798.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, THA Proposals will be received at the Office of the Secretary of the Treasury until the expi- ration of the 15th day of July next ensuing, for the supply of all rations which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of October 1798, to the thirtieth day of September 1799, both days inclusive, at the places and within the district hereinafter mentioned, viz. At Oswego; at Niagara; at Presque Isle; at Michilimackinac; at Fort Franklin; at Pittsburgh; at Le Beuf; at Cincinnati; at Greenville; at Piqua Town and Loramie's Store; at Fort Wayne; at Fort Defi- ance; at any place below Fort Defiance on the Mi- ami River to Lake Erie; at Fort Knox and Ou- tantan on the River Wabash; at Maffac; at any place or places on the east side of the River Miss- sippi above the mouth of the River Ohio, and up- on the Illinois River; at any place or places on the east side of the Mississippi River below the mouth of the River Ohio to the southern boundary of the State of Kentucky, and within the said State; at Knoxville, Tellico Block House, and at all other Posts in the State of Tennessee; at any place or places on the east side of the River Mississippi, be- low the southern boundary of the State of Ten- nessee, to the southern boundary of the United States. If supplies shall be required for any posts or places not mentioned in this notice all such supplies shall be furnished at prices proportioned to those to the posts before recited, as may be agreed on be- tween the United States and the contractor. The rations to be supplied to consist of the fol- lowing articles, viz. One pound of bread or flour One pound of beef or twelve ounces of pork or bacon Half a gill of rum, brandy or whis- ky, one quart of Saut, two quarts of vinegar, two pounds of soap, one one pound of candles The rations are to be furnished in full quantities, as that there shall at all times during the said term, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at Michilimackinac, Detroit, Niagara, and Oswego, for the term of six months in advance, and at each of the other posts, for the term of at least three months in advance, in good and wholesome provi- sions, if the same shall be required. It is to be un- derstood, that the contractor is to be at the ex- pence and risk of losing the supplies to the troops at each post, and that all losses sustained by the de- predations of an enemy, or by means of the troops of the United States, shall be paid for at the price of the articles captured or destroyed, on the depositions of two or more persons of credita- ble characters, and the certificate of a commission- ed officer, ascertaining the circumstances of the loss and the amount of the articles for which com- pensation shall be claimed. The privilege is reserved to the United States of requiring that none of the supplies which may be furnished under the proposed contract, shall be issued, until the supplies which have or may be furnished under the contract now in force have been consumed.  OLIVER WOLCOTT, Secretary of the Treasury. march 27. 2awtf
Mills, Portage, &c. TO BE LEASED FOR A TERM OF YEARS: TO be leased, for a term not less than three, nor more than seven years, a VALUABLE PROPERTY at the Seneca-falls, in the county of Onondaga, and State of New-York, on the Banks of the Seneca-river, two miles west of the Cayuga- ferry, and eleven miles east of Geneva. This establishment consists of an excellent grist- mill, saw mill, dwelling house, barn, and a port- age or carrying place, with between thirty and forty acres of land, under good improvement, and as much more in the vicinity, as may be required for future improvement. The grist-mill is a handsome, new and well fin- ished building, of 50 by 30 feet, 3 stories high and furnished with a run of excellent Burr stones and another of Elopous' stones, of the best quality —and the most approved bowls, &c. calculated to make all the different qualities of flour for expor- tation or for home consumption: It is accessible by water from every part of the Cayuga lake and Se- neca-river, as well as from the Seneca-lake—and from its situation, commands a very extensive and encreasing custom: The stream on which it stands, being the outlet of the Seneca-lake, the mill can never be in want of water; and as it has been kept working during the severest season of the last win- ter, it is not liable to be impeded by frost. The saw mill is also new, situated on the same stream, now furnished with an ample stock of logs, of which a supply may at all times be pro- cured by land or water, of the best quality. The dwelling house is well calculated for the use of the miller, is new, and sufficiently large: The barn is about 40 feet square, and entirely new. The portage is 3-4ths of a mile in length, along the Seneca-falls—over which were passed in the last year, nearly two hundred boats with their contents; this object is already productive of a handsome income, which must be increasing and permanent. Among the many advantages of this situation, must be numbered the fertility of the surrounding country—being the best improved part of the coun- try of Onondaga—the concentration of inter- course by land and water, the Oneida Water- passing through it, as well as all water carriage to Geneva, and the counties of Ontario and Steuben which renders it a most eligible stand for a Store or Tavern.—The river and lakes abound in fish and fowl, and the country with deer and other game. Besides the mills already erected at this place, it is calculated for any additional water works that may be found necessary—Falling mill, bark mill, tann