Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1791-05-28 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 9, of Vol. III.]
SATURDAY, MAY 28, 1791.
[Whole No. 217.]
ENGLAND.
NAVAL ARCHITECTURE.
Weymouth, March 1.
LAST Wednesday arrived in this harbour his Majesty's cutter the Trial, commanded by Lieut. Malbon. She is built on an entire new construction, with three sliding keels, which are inclosed in a case or well; one forward, one midship, and the other abaft; they are worked with the greatest facility, and are not of the least inconvenience to the crew when manœuvring the vessel. She has been universally approved and admired by all our most experienced professional gentlemen in this place, as well as by our ingenious ship-builder, Mr. Stephens, and other mechanics. Her length is 66 feet, breadth 21, her hold 7 feet only, which, in justice to the vessel, ought to have been nine at least, and measures 120 tons. Has a perfect flat bottom, only draws 6 feet water, whereas all others of her tonnage on the old construction draw 14; so that by such an easy draft of water, she can go with safety into almost any harbour or creek whatever. She sails incomparably fast, either before or upon a wind; and though her timbers and planks seem to be of an immoderate degree of thickness (for what reason I cannot tell, but which must impede her sailing) yet no vessel she has ever been in company with, of equal size (even though copper-bottomed, which she is not) has been able, upon many trials, to beat her in sailing, and yet her sails seem too small.
Her hold is divided into several compartments, all water-tight, and so contrived, that should even a plank or two start at sea in different parts of the vessel, she may afterwards be navigated with the greatest security to any part of the world; a method hitherto never thought of, before this ingenious officer contrived it, and which may be the means of saving thousands of valuable lives, and large quantities of merchandise: besides, if the should be drove on shore in a gale of wind, she does not become a wreck; for her keels will all naturally be drove up into their cases, and the ship being then flat bottomed, she cannot easily be overset, and all the crew may be saved with perfect security, by her being able to go into such shallow water.—The crew of the Halfwell Indian man might all have been saved, had she been thus constructed. These are blessings, too obvious to mankind, not to fill every feeling heart with pleasure, and no comment need be made on the great good that may be expected.
The Dutch, who are esteemed a very sagacious commercial people, have already adopted this plan of ship-building, which at once shews the utility and advantage of this wonderful invention.
These discoveries also demonstrate plainly, how far behind hand the art of ship-building has been till this favorable epoch; and from the ingenuity and mechanical powers of this gentleman, the art is astonishingly improved already, and will probably be carried to still greater perfection.
The world is indebted for these noble discoveries to John Schank, Esq. of Barton house, Dawlish, a Captain in the Royal Navy, who had the command of the King's ships of war on the great Lakes of America, in the last war and who accompanied the late ingenious Sir C. Douglass, when he failed to the North Seas, by order of Government, to make observations on the Transit of Venus.
It is worthy of remark, that Captain Schank, with the greatest liberality and public spirit, has given up every emolument to his country and mankind in general, which otherwise he might have secured to himself, and which he highly deserves in the greatest degree.
Great merit is due to Lord C. and the present Lords of the Admiralty, who, getting the better of all former old prejudices, ordered this vessel to be constructed.
Remedy for the Gout.
TO one pound of Brimstone finely powdered and put into a stone or earthen Jar, add one gallon of boiling water, let it stand four or five days, stirring it well two or three times a day—at the end of the fourth day, draw it off fine for use—drink half a pint every morning, at least half an hour before breakfast—let the Jar be kept stopped close when you are not stirring the Brimstone.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
LAURA and MARY.
“WHY drops the pearly tear from LAURA's eye? That eye which used the love-lorn mind to cheer; Why heaves that bosom thus the far-fetch'd sigh? What grief afflicts the maid to friendship dear? Form'd with the pow'r the coldest heart to warm, With innate beauty glowing in thy breast; What from thy bosom can contentment charm, Or break with momentary woe thy rest?
Can she whose presence never fails to give New life, new joy, on whom she deigns to smile; Thus like a turtle solitary live, And all admirers of their hopes beguile?”
“Alas my Mary! nought can e'er avail, To sooth the gathered umbrage of my soul; Or, wakening comfort for a girl so frail, To calm my sorrows, or my griefs control.
Not all the pleasures that this world affords, Can give one moment to my soul of peace; Nor all the flattering emptiness of words, Make glad this conscience with its wonted ease.
Short are the joys triumphant beauty gives, With hurried steps full quick they flit away; E'en while the triumph in the bosom lives, We droop with night, and sicken with the day.
But O my MARY! nought can e'er reprieve My soul from sorrow, or my bosom cheer; Or bless the heart, that fluttering to deceive, Has stretch'd my EDWARD on a watery bier.
Pleased with the tho'ts of conquest, and of fame, I spurn'd the youth, forgetful of his love, Whose crimson blushes spoke the burning flame— Hard was my heart—nor sighs, nor tears, could move.
At length, dejected with my base disdain, And worn with sorrow, and corroding care, He plunged, at midnight, in the billowy main, And left these fields, and left this vernal air.
'Twas then I found, nor pride, nor wealth, nor praise, Could pour one beam of comfort on my mind; 'Twas then I wish'd, that with an answering grace, I'd heard his vows, and never been unkind.
Full many an eve I've dew'd the green-clad earth With stern Repentance' bitter-dropping tear; Full many a day I've fled the house of mirth, And brooded o'er the memory of my dear.
Thus, thus, my Mary! torn from every joy, And pierced with Conscience' terrifying dart, In tears, and sighs, my moments I employ, Nor tears, nor sighs, can ease my broken heart.”
Here as she paused, a sudden thunder shook The groves around; the darken'd forests roar; The trees that mantled o'er the winding brook, Scared at the sound, forsook the waved-wash'd shore.
Terrific lightning blazing round their heads In one large sheet the wide-stretch'd forest veil'd; And new-form'd thunder shook again the meads, And chased the lightnings that their forms assail'd.
At once a voice, stern as the winter's roar, That chill'd their vitals, and that froze their blood; Bade the loud grumbling thunder vex no more The trembling forest, and the frighten'd flood.
At once a deeper flash o'er spread the sky; A louder peal convulsed the trembling ground; The lightnings vanish'd from the pain-fed eye; And thunders wavered with a distant sound.
Sudden a form, with which the angelic host, Nor Raphael's self in majesty could vie, Chased the dark thunders from the quaking coast, And op'd the purpling regions on their eye.
Then, with a look that pierc'd thro' LAURA's heart, And crop'd the withering roses of her cheek— “Thou wretch” he cried, “no comfort I impart; No joys for thee the swift-wing'd minutes seek.
He who, with tears, thy favors once implored Another holds by Hymen's sacred band; No more to wander from the nymph adored, No more to quit, for vile disdain, the land.
Content shall bless him in the works of peace, Famed shall his footsteps in the war attend; Rend from a Cæsar's brow the withering wreaths To deck the worthier temples of my friend.
His wife, sweet partner of his every joy, Adorn'd with all the virtues of the fair, Shall bless his life in love without alloy, Love free from sorrow and perplexing care.
In all her looks is sentiment express'd; In every action dignity and grace; O! form'd from every age new grace to wrest— And scatter blushes o'er a Portia's face.
She, tinged with health's inimitable dye, Shall pass the spring and summer of her life; Rife, with a nation's blessings, to the sky, Her only Epitaph—“This was a Wife.”
But thou, shalt sicken with the coming eve; Drop, unlamented, to the narrow grave; No grateful memory to thy kindred leave; No hand assist thee, none shall wish to save.”
Again fresh lightnings sheeted o'er the skies; Again fresh thunders rock'd the trembling ground; The vision vanish'd from her eager eyes, And lightnings quivered at the parting found.
E L L A.
From the COMPLAINANT.
Published in the CONNECTICUT COURANT.
THAT there are many School Masters in the country, training up youth in the way they should go, I make no doubt—and hope they will excuse me if I complain of some others of their profession of quite a different character—and that for these two things.
1st. “In the exercise of government, too much credulity in admitting the information of one boy against another: Children take a certain delight in seeing their fellows brought to punishment, which is not so commonly observed in their riper years; hence you will see a boy lashing a tree or a post, to get the imaginary pleasure of being the scourger of some person; hence, likewise, they will be sure to fill the master's ears with information against their mates, of every thing they suppose will incur his resentment, and bring stripes upon them. And sometimes false informations, back'd with false witnesses, will bring punishment, making a master the instrument of revenge or diversion to his scholars. A quotation on this subject from a letter of a gentleman of veracity, will, I hope, be excused both by him and the public.
“When I was 6 or 7 years old, I was in a very large school, under the tuition of a gentleman remarkable for his severity; I was very small of my age, and my nerves were strung in such a manner as that I cut capers with much activity and nimbleness, when a stick four feet long cling'd round my little limbs. This was great diversion to the larger boys, and therefore they contriv'd to have the affair brought about once or twice every day. I was daily accused of playing in school, calling names, or some other fault which I was altogether innocent of. The accusation would be supported by two or three large boys, and the rest that knew it to be false, dare not open their mouths. Hence I was daily whip'd, for a fault I never committed, till I was forc'd to own it, and then whip'd for lying. This was the case for so long a course of time, that I have since wonder'd that my master, who never saw any thing in me but obedience, with his own eyes, did not suspend his credulity, and determine, that the diversion of my accusers, in seeing me cut capers, was the end of their accusations. But whether he did, or did not, the practice was continued till I found there was no more benefit in obedience, manners or study—my fate must be the same. So true to the school was I, that I never mentioned any thing of my treatment to my parents; and my master was much caress'd at our house, as being a valuable, faithful preceptor. Where it would have ended I know not (since my discouragements produced actual faults, and the exercise of the long stick was repeated several times in a day) had not I once had my little, raw-bon'd back and ribs smartly checker'd because I was bloody from a great boy's having run a broomstick into my ear before school began. I was forced then to go into the hands of a physician, to have the wound heal'd, but several disadvantages, the consequence of that accident, remain to this day; and yet the master was a gentleman of sense and of learning, which shews the danger of credulity, as to complaints against children under our care. With such a warning before me, one would have thought that I should have avoided it, when acting in character of school master; but I confess, that I believe that a droll, half witted, comical, lubberly boy, who was once my scholar, has been punished upon false information given for the diversion of the school. And indeed we are all too apt to forget that little children, from their want of language to convey their ideas, as well as from the awe they have from the presence of their master, are under an incapacity properly to defend themselves.”
2d. I would complain of a too common disregard of the advice implied in my motto, which is, in short, “to endear themselves to their scholars, and make both school and study delightful. (N. B.) If any one should say I do not construe right, I will not dispute the matter, as I am not very expert in translating.) To inspire the little mortals with a servile fear and awe, seems to be the grand point in view with many; and I would have authority supported, but easiness of excess, and indications of kindness towards his pupils is quite as necessary.”—I will

agg on, for the conclusion of the paper, some observations made by the most celebrated writers on this head.
"This is one of the most important points (says M. Rollin) in education, and at the same time the most difficult: for among a great number of masters, who in other respects are very deserving, there are very few to be found, who are happy enough to make their scholars fond of study."
"It should be the great care of the masters (says Quintilian) who teach children their letters, to do it in such a manner that a child who is not yet capable of being fond of his book, should not take an aversion to it, and the dislike continue when he grows up." "For this reason (says he) his study should be made a diversion to him. The master must proceed by asking him little questions. He must be encouraged by commendation, and allowed to set some value upon himself, and be pleased with having learnt any thing. Sometimes what he refuses to learn must be taught another, to raise his jealousy. We must enter into little disputes with him, and let him think he has often the better. We must entice him likewise by little rewards, which children at that age are very fond of." Quint. Lib. 1. Cap. 1.
"The great secret to make children love their books, is to make them fond of their master. In this case they willingly give ear to him, become docile, strive to please him, and take a pleasure in his lessons." Quint. Lib. 2. Cap. 9. Studium discendi Voluntate, quae cogi non potest. Lib. 1. Cap. 3.
"We may confine the body, make a scholar sit at his desk against his inclination, double his labor by way of punishment, force him to finish a task imposed on him, and for that end deprive him of his play and recreation, but can laboring thus upon force be properly called study?" — M. Rollin.
P A R I S, March 15.
T HE King is much better, he is able to sit up, his cough is less violent. The French wags pretend that he caught cold by throwing off his Royal Robes on a sudden.
Yesterday the Bishop of Lidda was elected to the Metropolitan see of Paris.
M. Brendle is elected Bishop of Strasburgh, vice Cardinal de Rohan.
The law of primogeniture is abolished—property is to be equally distributed among the males and females of the family.
L O N D O N, March 19.
The veils of our fashionable females seem to increase in their dimensions as the sun increases its powerful influence; they are at present so very highly in favor, as not only, to be worn with the petit bonnet by day, but they fall gracefully over the shoulders from the dress cap by night. The reason given by the ladies for their fondness for this article of dress, is by no means a bad one; it gives them, they say, an excellent pretence for shunning all those whom they do not wish to speak to, and a charming opportunity of being particular, where they desire to be so.
Lord Castlewart is said to intend claiming the Dukedom of Albany, upon pretensions which, if established, will prove him to be head of the late Royal House of Stuart.
Remittances to a considerable amount arrived by the packet on Thursday from America. They consist of bills drawn in the name of the United States, on their agent at Amsterdam.
Lord Grosvenor's estates are in so improving a way, and so fast do the houses of lease fall in, that in a few years he will have an income of not less than four score thousand pounds a year.
The duke of Bedford, the duke of Portland, and earl Grosvenor, have had their estates doubled, within the space of fifteen years.
The number of persons confined in Paris for various causes, amount to one thousand eight hundred.
The acquittal of Cagliostro at Rome, does honor at once to the Pope and the inquisition that tried him.
Our woolen manufacture exports, of the last year, have amounted to nearly 2,000,000l. the nett produce of our own corn lands more than 9,000,000l. the produce of butter, cheese, and milk, about 2,500,000l. amount of timber cut for building, 500,000l. and the rent of pastures, meadows, commons, forests, heaths, &c. has amounted to about 7,000,000l.
The Lords committees appointed to search for precedents respecting the continuance of impeachments from Parliament to Parliament, proceed with so much deliberation, that it is doubtful whether they will be able to make their report in the course of the present session.
The public will recollect, that, for more than three months, the general defence of the Minister's plan, for taking 500,000l. of the unreceived Dividends out of the bank, was, that they consisted of money to which there was no known claimant. That defence is now expressly dis-
claimed by the Minister himself, who acknowledges that there is, strictly speaking, no such thing as unclaimed Dividends, and that the 500,000l. is to be taken from the floating balance in the bank.
An indictment was preferred at Colchester against a person for an assault. It appeared in evidence, that the plaintiff had attempted to hang himself; and that the defendant, finding him in that situation, cut him down, tweaked him by the nose, and struck him several smart blows on the back, for the purpose of reviving suspended animation. The jury considering that there was no malice in the case, found a verdict for the defendant.
The noble city of Venice, and the islands about it, are so populous, have so many manufactures, and carry on so great a trade, more especially when the other powers of Italy are at war, and the subjects of the republic enjoy the benefit of her neutrality, that the revenue drawn from them to the State amounts annually to three millions of ducats. The entire revenue of the republic is computed at eight millions of ducats, and the annual expence does not commonly exceed half that sum; so that, in time of peace, they are constantly accumulating vast treasure. Before the fatal war of Candia, they had in their treasury fifteen millions of ducats in ready money, exclusive of a famous gold chain, to which they annually added some links, which forty porters could hardly carry, and which, on certain festivals, was extended across the square at St. Mark, for the entertainment of the people. As they have now enjoyed peace for many years, it may be presumed that their coffers are again pretty full; so that, upon an emergency, they would be able to make much greater exertion than is commonly imagined.
MARCH 23.
Sir R. P. Arden received on Saturday at the bank, the dividends of 1400l. which were brought to light by the present bill.
One Banker is said to have recovered fifty dividends upon a large sum, the principal likewise remaining unfold.
A French Deputy, lately challenged by an officer, replied he knew nothing of arms, and was even ignorant how to load a pistol; but he proposed, before four witnesses to throw up for the chance of which of them should be hanged.
A lot of ground adjoining the road to Hampstead, part of the estate of Lord Camden, has lately been let on a building lease to three persons of considerable property in the city, who have entered into an agreement to build within a limited time, four hundred houses, to be divided into streets, and called Camden Town. The bricks are now making on the spot for the purpose. This, when completed, with other buildings, now erecting on that road, will soon join Hampstead, to London.
Great commotions are expected throughout France upon the re-election of the National Assembly in May or June next, but the influence of the Aristocracy is so completely destroyed, as to give the friends of the new government very little apprehension.
Mr. and Mrs. Orleans (as every one now calls them) set a grand example to the rich: From the 6th of this month, they are to pay ready money for every thing they purchase—the French who only know the British Nobility for their virtues, imagine the innovation to have been imported from England.
APRIL 2.
On Thursday night, at 8 o'clock, the Cabinet Ministers met in council at the Duke of Leeds's Office, Whitehall, and sat till one o'clock yesterday morning, when his Grace dispatched a messenger with letters to the Earl of Eglin, at Vienna.
A messenger set off with dispatches for Berlin yesterday morning at five o'clock. He was told, that it depended on a contingency, whether he would be sent by our Ambassador thereto Peterburgh.
Extract of a letter from Portsmouth, April 1.
"About three o'clock this afternoon, on a signal made from the Royal William, a general press took place here. There being a considerable number of colliers and other coasting vessels in the harbour, near three hundred prime seamen were picked up in a few hours, principally North countrymen. An outward bound West-Indiaman, in St. Helen's Road, had all her hands taken out.
"This evening failed his Majesty's ships Ardent and Assistance, for the Downs: and the Flirt and Scout sloops, and Barracouta cutter, on the impress service."
On Wednesday morning, at four o'clock, the Russian Minister dispatched a courier to Peterburgh, with the result of the debate in the two houses of Parliament. His return may be expected within five weeks, and the contents of his dispatches will decide whether we shall have a war with Russia or not.
Last week the long depending cause of the St. Eustatius business was, after eight years litiga-
tion, finally determined before the Lords of the Council, and it is expected the claimants will receive their several dividends in the course of a few days.
Russia does not appear to pay any regard to the mediation in her quarrel with the Porte. It is asserted, that her fleet at Sebastopolis has received orders to sail as soon as the season will permit.
The Grand Seignior has sent the Sultana Valide, his mother, to the old Seraglio, for having attempted to reconcile him to the Russians.
H O U S E of L O R D S, April 1.
PRUSSIAN TREATY.
The order of the day being read for the house to take into consideration the above treaty.
Earl Fitzwilliam rose, and after contending for some time, that by the treaty, Great-Britain was not bound to assist Prussia in offensive conduct, moved the following resolutions:
"That Great-Britain hath not become bound by either the express or implied engagement of the treaty of defensive alliance with his Prussian Majesty, or with the United Provinces, to take hostile measures, in order to compel the Empress of Russia to relinquish the advantages gained by her arms, in the Ockzakow, Tartary, and in Bessarabia."
"That the progress of the Russian arms in the Ockzakow, Tartary, and in Bessarabia, is not an adequate nor just cause for Great-Britain to make war against the Empress of Russia."
"That the refusal of the conditions of peace proposed by a power offering mediation, is no just cause for hostile measures in support of the mediation so rejected."
Lord Grenville moved the previous question. Lord Derby, Lord Dorchester, Earl of Guildford, Viscount Stormont, and Lord Rawdon, were for the resolution.
The Duke of Leeds, Lord Hardwicke, and the Lord Chancellor, were for the previous question.
The question being put on the previous question, the House divided.
  Contents, with Proxies 94   Not Contents, with Proxies 34   Adjourned. 
L I V E R P O O L, March 21.
Accident has produced a very useful discovery; for, by the late inundations of the sea, it was observed, that as far as the tide extended, it brought all the worms from their holes, and killed them. This experiment has been since tried with the sea-water in several gardens, and has answered the desired effect beyond expectation.
A shoemaker's wife in Pimlico dreamed on Tuesday night, that No. 18 would be drawn a prize on Wednesday. She communicated the dream in the morning to her husband, who swore that he dreamed she was hanged. The woman told all she was worth to insure the number, on the confidence of her dream. No. 18 was not drawn; and what is extremely singular, the husband's dream was realized, as his wife hanged herself the same evening!
It is a little singular, that when General Wolfe was carried off the field of battle, he should be wrapped up in the plaid of Donald Macleod, the oldest soldier in the King's service. It was a more honorable covering than Imperial purple.
A Caution. —There are counterfeit guineas in circulation, a very good imitation of the coin struck in 1788; they weigh as much as a real guinea, are pale, and the rim of the shield on the tail is somewhat broader; the crown on the arms larger, the fleur de lis in the arms of France closer together, and the Irish harp not so well executed; the milling is not so rough, nor is the hair of the head of his majesty so well curled. These counterfeit guineas are supposed to be scarcely worth more than 10s.
R I C H M O N D, May 19.
On Friday the 9th of March last, Samuel Brady and Francis McGuire, assembled an armed force, and made an attack upon a party of Delaware Indians on Beaver Creek in the State of Pennsylvania, who were in friendship with the United States, and killed four of them, after which the perpetrators fled into this State; in consequence thereof the governor has issued a proclamation offering a reward of 600 dollars for the delivery of Brady and McGuire, to the executive authority of the State of Pennsylvania, in order that they may be tried agreeable to the laws of the State.
P I T T S B U R G H, May 14.
On Friday or Saturday, the 29th or 30th of April, a party of Indians penetrated the country near to Clarkburgh, where they took two people prisoners, and considerable plunder of horses and other property. Three of them made their appearance at a farm house, and fired on the man at his door, who fell; they ran towards him, and on one of them stooping to scalp him, he was saluted by the man's wife with a stroke from a large hatchet in his back, which went so completely into his body, that at three different efforts she could not disengage it, and the Indian

made off with it sticking in him; a second Indian also made an attempt, when she, by a well directed stroke with a stick she had got, laid him on the ground; the third then run, and the other, as soon as he had recovered his feet, followed his example—on which the woman took her husband in her arms and carried him into the house, and when a magistrate of Ohio county, from whom I had this relation, left that place, the man was in a fair way of recovering. The Indians were pursued to Kenahwa river, and dispersed, their plunder, but not the prisoners, recovered.
[The Pittsburgh Gazette contains accounts of depredations and murders committed by the savages in various other places.]
A L B A N Y, May 16.
Letters received in this city, from Capt. Metcalfe, of the brig Elenora, mention his having returned from the North-West coast of America to Canton—also, the death of his second son, Capt. Thomas Metcalfe.
Philadelphia, May 28.
By the brig Caledonia, Capt. Hunter, from Dublin, to New-York, accounts are received from Ireland to the 7th, and from London to the 3d of April.
The Assembly at Warsaw, Poland, have declared, in a note to the British Minister, Mr. Hailes—that the Republic would never give up, on any condition, the smallest part of its possessions—particularly Dantzic and Thorne. This resolution was made in consequence of information received from the Polish Minister at Vienna, respecting certain propositions from the Court of Berlin.
Some accounts received by the late arrival at New-York from Dublin, say that the prospect of a war with Russia, has enhanced the price of linen in Ireland.
In storming Ismael, the Russians lost 7000 men; in this number were three Major-Generals, one Brigadier, six Colonels, forty Lieutenant-Colonels and Majors, and from 2 to 300 other commissioned officers. The life of one fellow-creature, in the estimation of humanity, is worth more than all the glory and triumph of such a conquest.
By the votes of the two houses of Parliament, it appears that the British government is determined to interpose its power for bringing about a peace between Russia and the Porte. The armed neutrality, during the last war, affords the precedent for the warlike preparations now making in England. How far Catharine will resist being dictated to, time will discover.
According to a statement published in an English paper, the total expence of the civil and military establishment in Botany Bay amounts to £. 42,860 13 10 Future annual expence will be 10,000 0 0 Convicts shipped, 2029 Ditto on board ships under orders for sailing, 1830 3859
Extract of a letter to a Swedish gentleman in this city, dated Stockholm, 25th of Nov. 1790.
“Colonel Hæfisko is the only traitor who lost his head, three other Finland Colonels and Lieutenant Colonels were brought out with him to the place of execution, but obtained the King's pardon.”
On this occasion, a person well acquainted with the affairs of Sweden, makes the following remarks:—The constitution of Sweden has much more regard to personal liberty in some very capital circumstances than the British, or that of any Monarchy in Europe: Accordingly, the court before whom the rebellious officers were tried, proceeded with extraordinary caution, and did not condemn more than a few arch-traitors after a trial that lasted some months, and was laid before the public in a minute detail. The King, who with heroic fortitude, has “the milk of human nature” in his veins, would, after all, permit only one sacrifice to the national security. This lenity might be fatal to him and to Sweden if both were not guarded by a patriotic and loyal people.
That the people of England should have a constitution “written on their hearts,” is thought by some a novel and unfounded idea. But it may be asked, should this country ever be so far cursed as that innovators, in their rage for change, should annihilate the form of the present excellent balanced constitution of the United States, would it not be found that the people of this country have the principles of a free constitution written on their hearts? Would they not recur to those principles which are immutable, and indelibly impressed on our natures? They would—and after suffering for a season demagogal tyranny, their sober senses would bring them back to a government founded on reason, equality and justice. Previous to adopting our present constitution, which is nothing more than a definite and express arrangement of acknowledged principles, we were in the disgraceful situation that
some appear desirous of seeing us again reduced to—But it is to be hoped, that the present permanent position of the federal government, and the prospect of continued tranquility in these States, are a death-warrant to the hopes of sedition and anarchy.
What are equal rights? This is a term frequently made use of, but it is suspected with very different meanings. The constitution of the United States holds out the best commentary upon them—that has opened the door to genius and patriotism wherever discovered—every citizen is eligible to the honor of serving the public, whose merits entitle him to the distinction—every man is by that constitution secured in the possession of his acquisitions, whether of scientific or pecuniary property, and consequently secured in all the advantages and privileges connected with them. Were this not the case, the springs of industry would be broken, and every stimulus to enterprize destroyed. Equal rights then strictly mean, security of property, person and life.
By the Betty, Capt. Howland, arrived in the Chesapeake, from the Isle of France, accounts are received which it is said state, that the English army in India under the command of Gen. Meadows has been defeated by the forces of Tippoo Saib, and that the British General was among the slain.
The British April Packet, is arrived at Halifax. It has already been mentioned, that Capt. Josiah, in the Brig Brothers, performed the voyage to Canton and back again to this port, without losing a man by sickness: We are since informed, that no spirituous liquors were used on board his ship—the constant drink of the ship's company being Spruce Beer.—The following pertinent remark has been made on the occasion: Twenty years ago it was considered as utopian to think of navigating a vessel without a daily allowance of rum to sailors, as it now is, to propose the cultivation of Rice or Sugar without Slaves.
We hear that the ship Massachusetts, Job Prince, Esq. Commander, has been sold in India for Sixty Five Thousand Dollars: This ship was upwards of 800 tons burthen. The ship Hercules, upwards of 600 tons, has also been sold in that country. These vessels were built in Massachusetts, the former, composed of American materials altogether.
Stocks have risen lately a little in New-York. The Tammany Society, No. 1, of New-York, are forming an extensive Museum in that city—a considerable collection is already made—their plan is general, and will have a friendly aspect on the natural and political history of our country.
We hear that the French 74 at Newport, has on board one of the regiments lately sent from France, to restore peace in Martinique—and is on her return home: It is rumoured that the people at Martinique would not suffer the soldiers to land.
From the eastern papers it appears that a slight shock of an earthquake was felt on the evening of the 16th inst. in many of the sea ports extending from the State of New-York to Boston.
Agreeable to the intimation in our last, we learn by a Charleston paper, that The President of the United States continued his tour to the southward, by setting out for Savannah on Monday the 9th inst. He was escorted out of the city by the Cincinnati, and a number of other respectable characters.
The Hon. ROGER SHERMAN is elected Senator of the United States for the State of Connecticut, in the room of Dr. JOHNSON, resigned.
The highest prize in the New-York Lottery was drawn by Capt. STEDDFORD, of the late continental army, and Mr. JOHN UTTS, both of New-York.
A correspondent observes, it is a little surprising that no refutation of the innuendo against the genuineness of the letter, said to be from Lord MANSFIELD, has appeared since Saturday last: If the letter is genuine it can be easily made to appear.
Of the French foreign ministers it appears from information communicated to the National Assembly by M. Montmorin, minister of foreign affairs—that two only have refused to take the civic oath, viz. Cardinal de Bernis and M. Bombelle, minister at Venice, whose places are to be filled by new appointments.
The minister likewise informed the assembly that the accounts from the frontiers do not contain a single fact of an alarming nature.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
O D E S.
O D E V.
ONE MORE HINT TO REVIEWERS.
PUNCTUAL, you see, without the touch upon My shoulder blade, of gentle Balif's hand, To your assistance, here comes honest JOHN, While sage Instruction by his side doth stand.
“Tis a plain, homespun, truth, I know,” That all mankind are caught by show; That many, who to wit, and sense, Can have but very small pretence, By caution, and by constant care, Upon their fellows to impose, That wisdom seems to fill their air, And science wrinkle up their nose.
On you, my dear Reviewers, let me press This great, important, and eternal law— Let naught entice you error to confess, Or own your judgement can admit a flaw. But if a Book of such a kind appears That your own ignorance you can't but feel, Say, that your Readers have both eyes and ears, And you will nothing from their pleasure steal. Then, with the liberality of Heaven, Let copious extracts from the Work be given.
JOHN.
GENEROSITY OF MARSHAL TURENNE.
The Deputies of a great metropolis in Germany offered him one hundred thousand crowns not to pass with his army through their city.—“Gentlemen”, said he, “I can't in conscience accept your money, for I had no intention to pass that way.”
PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES.
Table with 3 columns: Item, Price, and Unit. Includes sections for FUNDED DEBT (6 pr. Cents, 3 pr. Cents, Deferred 6 pr. Cents) and UNFUNDED DEBT (Final Settlem. and other Certificates, Indents, N. and S. Carolina debts).
PUBLIC SECURITIES, BOUGHT AND SOLD, ON COMMISSION, by SAMUEL ANDERSON, Chestnut-Street, next door to the Bank, No. 97.
MASSACHUSETTS SEMI-ANNUAL
Lottery Tickets,
Class Second, to be had at the same place. May 28, 1791. (epitf)
Scheme of a Lottery,
To raise the sum of FOUR THOUSAND Pounds, agreeably to an Act of the Legislature of the State of New-Jersey, passed the 24th November, 1790, for the purpose of laying out and improving the Roads and Causeways between the Town of Newark, in the County of Essex, and Paules-Hook Ferry, in the County of Bergen, in said State.
THIS Lottery is composed of 15,000 Tickets, to be drawn in Three Classes, as described in the inserted Scheme: The price of a Ticket in the First Class is One Dollar; in the Second Class Two Dollars, and in the Third Class Four Dollars. The operation of this Lottery will appear in the following order: The whole 15,000 numbers will be put in one wheel, and 3100 prizes in the other wheel, of which 3100 numbers only will be drawn in the First Class, which shews the whole number drawn in this Class are prizes, agreeably to the Scheme.
The numbers which remain undrawn compose the Second Class, of which 4000 will be drawn against 2000 prizes and 2000 blanks; this shews there is only one blank to a prize, agreeably to the scheme.
The remaining 8000 numbers undrawn, composing the Third Class, will be drawn against 2667 prizes and 5333 blanks, which shews there are about two blanks to a prize, agreeably to the scheme.
The Adventurers in this Lottery will please to observe—That the numbers drawn in the First and Second Classes are precluded from all chance in the Third and most valuable Class, as the possessors of the numbers undrawn are entitled to the same numbers in the succeeding Classes, provided they apply to renew their tickets fifteen days before the time fixed for the drawing the Second and Third Classes. On neglect the undrawn numbers will be sold to others. Such Adventurers as wish to benefit by the superior chance of CAPITAL PRIZES in the Third Class, will see their interest by supplying themselves with a sufficient number of tickets in the First Class. Every application for renewal must be attended with the Original Ticket in the preceding Class.
The drawing of the First Class will commence in the town of Newark, in the State of New-Jersey, on Monday the 20th day of June next, if full. The Second Class will commence drawing two months after the First. The Third, and last Class, will commence drawing two months after the Second.
The drawing of this Lottery will be under the constant superintendence of, at least, two of the Commissioners, appointed by the Legislature of the State of New-Jersey, to contract for the erection of the bridges over the Hackensack and Pasaick rivers.
Table for FIRST CLASS: 1 Prize of 300 Dollars is 300, 2 200 is 400, 5 100 is 500, 12 50 is 600, 35 20 is 700, 80 10 is 800, 225 4 is 900, 2740 2 is 5480. Totals: Prizes 3100, Undrawn 12000, Carried to Third Class 5420, Tickets at 1 dol. each is 15100.
Table for SECOND CLASS: 1 Prize of 500 Dollars is 500, 3 200 is 600, 7 100 is 700, 16 50 is 800, 45 20 is 900, 100 10 is 1000, 1828 4 is 7312. Totals: Prizes 2000, Blanks 2000, Undrawn 8000, Carried to Third Class 12188, Tickets at 2 dol. each is 24000.
Table for THIRD CLASS: 1 Prize of 5000 Dollars is 5000, 2 2000 is 4000, 4 1000 is 4000, 10 400 is 4000, 20 200 is 4000, 40 100 is 4000, 100 40 is 4000, 225 20 is 4500, 2265 7 is 15855. Totals: Prizes 2667, Blanks 5333, First Drawn 125, Last Drawn 128, Tickets at 4 dol. each is 32000, Brought from First Class 5420, Brought from Second do. 12188, Total 49608.
The object of this Lottery being of such evident utility to the United States in general, and the States of New-York, New-Jersey, and Pennsylvania, in particular, that it cannot be doubted but the undertaking will meet with the most liberal support, as every traveller will experience the happiness of enjoying regular complete Roads, leading to and from well-constructed bridges.
TICKETS are to be had of the Subscribers, who are duly appointed Managers of this Lottery by the Commissioners. The Prizes will be punctually paid by the respective Managers who signed the fortunate numbers, immediately after drawing the several Classes—subject to a deduction of fifteen per cent.
JOHN N. CUMMING, } Newark, JESSE BALDWIN, JOHN D. ALVEY, New-Brunswick, New-Jersey, March 8, 1791.
N. B. For the accommodation of those who would wish to become Adventurers in the above Lottery, letters, post paid, directed to John D. Alvey, New-Brunswick, enclosing Philadelphia, or New-York Bank Notes, will be particularly attended to, and Tickets forwarded on receipt of such letters.

R E P O R T OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE On the subject of the COD AND WHALE FISHERIES, [CONTINUED.]
No. II.
Table with 10 columns: Vessels annually, Tonnage, Seamen, Kentals to Europe, Kentals to West-Indies. It presents two tables: 'State of the Cod-Fishery of Massachusetts, from 1765, to 1775' and 'From 1786 to 1790, inclusive.'
Extract from an Address to Mr. BURKE, in a London paper.
YOU attempt to ridicule the decree of the National Assembly, which ordains that the Benefices of the Gallican Church shall hereafter be Elective. This however was the uniform practice of the early ages, and is indeed sanctioned by the authority of the CANONS:—even we, still retain the idle ceremony of a Conge d'Elire, in the nomination of our vacant Bishopricks—a practice that unquestionably may be traced to this very source.
Pre-determined to avow your discontent to the most laudable and unexceptionable institutions, you think by allowing an honorable compensation out of the coffers of the State, for the labors of the Clergy, that the new Government of France has made "a degrading Pensionary Establishment, to which no man of liberal ideas will desire his children." What a libel upon Religion! It appears then, that you look upon the Priesthood as a mercenary profession, to which no prudent father will apprentice his son, without the certainty of correspondent emoluments! A reference to Ecclesiastical History would however inform you, that the Church never had such able defenders, nor Christianity such celebrated supporters, as when the zeal of their common servants flowed from their voluntary attachment, and not their stipendary labours!
If I did not know, Sir, that your conduct for some years past had precluded every idea of friendship, I should have wondered that you had not consulted some person in possession of your confidence, before your late publication had seen the light. Had you communicated your Manuscript to the learned Author of BELLENDENUS, I am sure that, imitating the honest reply of GIL BLAS to the ARCHBISHOP OF GRANADA, he would have shook the classical curls of his collegiate wig, and shrewdly prophesied "that this last HOMILY would undo your reputation!"
VINDICATOR.
ME CALONNE, in his celebrated Work, (published in England) on the REVOLUTION in FRANCE, gives the following melancholy picture:
"Whatever opinions men may have embraced, or to whatever party they may be devoted, there is one point in which the whole world is unhappily forced to be unanimous: That the state of France, at the present moment, is infinitely deplorable, and such as no ingenuous mind can view without horror. In vain do we attempt to turn away our eyes from this spectacle, and to fascinate our imaginations by splendid promises. The whole power of oratory, the vain sound of emphatic expressions, avail not to efface the frightful image of what we see with our eyes, nor to extinguish sentiments which in our hearts we approve. The King, held in captivity by his subjects, the kingdom abandoned to pillage, the public power destroyed, justice dumb and trembling, the most atrocious crimes unpunished, and, to crown the series of abominations, innocence punished with juridical formality," &c. &c.
ADVERTISEMENT.
THE Subscriber, who served a regular apprenticeship to the business of VENDUE-MASTER, under Mr. GEORGE KELLY, has just opened an OFFICE in the Borough of NORFOLK, Virginia, in a good and convenient House, situated near the County Wharf, where he is in hopes of giving general satisfaction to all those that may be pleased to favor him with their commands.
Norfolk, Virginia, April 21, 1791.
JOHN H. HALL.
(1 cp 7w)
A CARD.
JOSEPH WHEATON
PRESENTS his compliments to his old Military Friends, the Gentlemen of the Civil List, and the Public—wishes they may be informed that he has received a very handsome ASSORTMENT of the best chosen
SPRING GOODS,
By the PIGOU, and other late arrivals, which are now opening at his KNOWN CHEAP STORE, No. 38, Third-Street, North, and which he is determined to dispose of (at wholesale or retail) on so low terms as must make it an object to customers.—Orders from his friends will be attended to with punctuality and dispatch, and the time of payment made convenient.
Philad. May 2, 1791.
MATTHEW M'CONNELL,
IN CHESNUT-STREET, No. 66.
BUYS and SELLS all kinds of THE PUBLIC DEBT OF THE UNION; has frequently occasion to NEGOTIATE INLAND BILLS OF EXCHANGE—and will receive Orders for making SUBSCRIPTIONS to the BANK of the UNITED STATES.
Philadelphia, March 30, 1791.
(96 tf)
MASSACHUSETTS SEMI-ANNUAL LOTTERY. CLASS II.
THE MANAGERS of the STATE-LOTTERY assure the Public, that the second Class of the SEMI-ANNUAL LOTTERY will positively commence drawing on the day appointed, viz. On Thursday the 13th of October next, or sooner, if the Tickets shall be disposed of. As the Managers have in their several monthly Lotteries commenced drawing at the hour assigned, so they are determined to be equally as punctual in this.
S C H E M E.
NOT TWO BLANKS TO A PRIZE.
25,000 TICKETS, at Five Dollars each, are 125,000 Dollars, to be paid in the following Prizes, subject to a deduction of twelve and an half per cent. for the use of the Commonwealth.
Table with 3 columns: PRIZES, DOLLARS, DOLLARS. It lists various prize amounts and their corresponding dollar values.
8388 Prizes. 16612 Blanks.
125000
25000 Tickets.
TICKETS in the above CLASS may be had of the several MANAGERS, who will pay the prizes on demand; of the TREASURER of the Commonwealth; of JAMES WHITE, at his Book-Store, Franklin's Head, Court-Street—and at other places, as usual.
BENJAMIN AUSTIN, jun. DAVID COBB, SAMUEL COOPER, GEORGE R. MINOT, JOHN KNEELAND, MANAGERS.
Boston, April 14, 1791.
MANUEL NOAH,
BROKER,
No. 91, Race-Street, between Second and Third-Streets, BUYS and SELLS
Continental & State Certificates,
Pennsylvania and Jersey Paper Money, And all kinds of SECURITIES of the United States, or of any particular State.
PHILADELPHIA, May 3.
WE, the Commissioners, appointed to receive subscriptions to the Bank of the United States, do hereby give public notice, that the Books will be opened by us for that purpose at the Bank of North-America, on Monday the 4th day of July next.
THOMAS WILLING, SAMUEL HOWELL, BEALE BORDLEY, LAMBERT CADWALADER, DAVID RITTENHOUSE,
All the Printers in the United States are requested to publish the above.
Funds of the United States.
ALL kinds of the Public Debt of the Union, bought, sold, or exchanged; Foreign and inland Bills of Exchange, negotiated; Merchandise of all sorts Bought and Sold on Commission, and all other Business in the line of a Broker, transacted by WILLIAM CLELAND, At the Office, next door to the Custom-House, State-Street, BOSTON.
PINTARD and BLEECKER,
PURCHASE and SELL all kinds of
Certificates & Public Securities,
On COMMISSION, at public and private sale, on the following terms:
ON the specie amount of all sales or purchases at auction, one eighth per cent.
On ditto of all sales or purchases at private sale, on all sums below 5000 nominal dollars, one-half per cent.; and on all sums above 5000 nominal dollars, one-fourth per cent.
For receiving interest at the Loan-Office, one per cent.
For making transfers at ditto, one dollar each transfer.
Such persons throughout the United States, as may be pleased to favor the subscribers with their orders, may rely on their being executed with punctuality, fidelity and dispatch, as considerable experience in the public stocks, together with extensive connections in the city of New-York and different parts of the continent, enable them to conduct their operations with peculiar advantages.
PINTARD & BLEECKER,
New-York, No. 57, King-Street.
March 15, 1791.
(97 12w 6m)
CONTRACT,
For erecting BRIDGES over the HACKINSACK and PASSAIAK Rivers, between Powlas-Hook and Newark, in the State of New-Jersey.
THE Commissioners appointed by an act of the legislature of the state of New-Jersey, to erect bridges over the Hackinack and Passaiaik rivers, having obtained the necessary surveys, are now ready to receive proposals for performing the same; and offer the following conditions for the consideration of such as may be inclined to contract:
The situation of the bridge across the Hackinack river, will be at one of the following stations, as shall be hereafter determined most eligible.
1st. At the place where the present ferry is established, where the width of the river is 1448 feet.
Depth at the eastern shore, 8 feet 8 inches.
Do. western shore, 8 11
Greatest depth, 25 4
2d. At a place more northerly, called Douw's Ferry, where the width of the river is 846 feet.
Depth at the eastern shore 19 feet 10 inches.
Do. western shore 12 8
Greatest depth 35 8
The situation of the bridge across the Passaiaik river, will be at one of the three following stations, as shall be hereafter determined most eligible.
1st. At the place where the present ferry is established, where the width of the river is 676 feet.
Depth at the eastern shore 8 feet 6 inches.
Do. western shore 9 6
Greatest depth 17 4
2d. At a place more westerly, called Beef-Point, where the breadth of the river is 799 feet.
Depth at the eastern shore 11 feet,
Do. western shore 4 5 inches,
Greatest depth 13 4
3d. At a place still more northerly, called Hedden's dock, in the town of Newark, where the width of the river is 526 feet.
Depth at the eastern shore 4 feet 5 inches,
Do. western shore 10 8
Greatest depth 15 11
The bridges are to be constructed on the principles of those erected over Charles, Myllick, and Beverly Rivers in the State of Massachusetts, with a draw to admit a free passage for vessels with fixed standing masts, not less than twenty-four feet wide, to be placed in such part of the bridges as shall be determined most convenient for the navigation of the river, with piles or blocks on each side of the entrance of such draw, as shall be judged sufficient to aid vessels in passing through. Also, one lamp on each side of the draw, to be lighted every night from sunset to sunrise, during the continuance of the lease.
The bridges are to be built with such piles, timber, scantling, and plank, as shall render them perfectly substantial and secure in the opinion of the commissioners, and are to be of a sufficient height to protect them against the tides, which rise at ordinary tides from 5 to 6 feet, and at spring tides from 8 to 10 feet. They are to be 31 feet in breadth, viz.
Allowance for carriage way, 20 feet.
Do. for foot walks, railed off on each side, 4 feet each, 8 feet.
Do. for ballustrades, 1 foot each, 2 feet.
Do. for hand-rails for do. 6 inches each, 1 foot.—Total, 31 feet.
The sides of the bridges to be secured with strong ballustrades, after the manner of the bridge between Boston and Charlestown.
The bridges and draws are to be kept in constant repair, and at the expiration of the lease are to be surrendered in good order, agreeably to the act.
The following are the terms which the commissioners are authorized to offer to contractors:
A lease of the exclusive privilege of the bridges for a period not exceeding 99 years, with a toll equal to three-fourths of the present rates of ferryage.
From an accurate estimate as could possibly be obtained, the actual receipts of the ferries for a medium of five years last past, amount to twelve hundred pounds, New-Jersey currency, per annum, three-fourths of that sum will consequently produce an immediate income of 900 pounds per ann. This may fairly be estimated as the smallest profit that can be calculated upon. The advancing population of the United States, the increasing intercourse between the two cities of New-York and Philadelphia, the facility which the construction of these bridges will give to traveling, the easy communication thereby offered with the state of New-York, on the western side of the Hudson, are all important circumstances, which must necessarily tend rapidly to accumulate the profits of the bridges. The commissioners are moreover authorized by law to raise four thousand pounds to be applied towards making causeways and laying out proper roads connected with the bridges, and have a lottery now on foot for that purpose. As soon as the places shall be determined on where the bridges are to be fixed, and the contracts for erecting them are executed, the roads and causeways will be immediately undertaken.
Such persons therefore as may be inclined to contract on the above principles, will be pleased to send in their terms sealed, within three months from this date, to WILLIAM MAXWELL, Esq. in New-York, specifying the shortest period of lease for which they will undertake to erect the said bridges, together with proper security for performing the same.
SAMUEL TUTHILL, JOHN NEILSON, ROBERT KEMBLE, WILLIAM MAXWELL, JOHN PINTARD, Commissioners.
Newark, State of New-Jersey, April 22, 1791.