Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1792-11-17 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 24, NORTH FIFTH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 49 of Vol. IV.]
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1792.
[Whole No. 371.]
Foreign Affairs.
PARIS, September 17.
THE combination formed against France, is every day becoming more formidable. All the advices from Germany, Spain, and Sardinia, agree in the accounts they give of the expensive preparations which are carrying on against us. The King of Great-Britain, in his German character of Elector of Hanover, has not merely avowed his intentions of taking part with the two great Courts, but has been most conspicuous and forward in engaging others to coalesce. His Hanoverian minister, as you will see officially notified to the Assembly, has travelled over Germany, to make converts to the cause of the Princes. The King of Spain has thrown off the flimsy disguise of neutrality, and assuredly declared himself for hostilities. Sardinia, at the same time, has no longer occasion for jesuitism, but threatens determined war.
We have the omens of new massacres in Paris. The hellish faction of Robespierre, Marat, Chabot, and others, have actually been insinuating, that the prisons are again loaded with suspected persons. The minister of justice has found, that since the massacre, between four and five hundred persons have been imprisoned in Paris by the municipality, the sections, and individuals; some of them upon crimes alleged, but most of them on mere undescribed suspicion. The Assembly knowing well that the insinuations of these ruffians are signals for execution, have taken measures to save these poor wretches from the fury of the mob.
"Citizens! be on your guard; keep a watchful eye over these traitors: let us refrain from every kind of excess; let us respect persons and property; let us maintain good order; war against tyrants, and union among ourselves; let Paris be the cradle of liberty; let it also be a safe and sure asylum; suffer the inhabitants to remain in it; suffer strangers also to visit it; the poor will then be able to live; commerce will flourish; abundance will return; and Paris will become the first city in the world."
SEPTEMBER 19.
By letters received Tuesday and Wednesday last, we learn, that during the night of Sunday and Monday last, the mob here broke open the jewel-office belonging to the Crown, and stole out of it all the jewellery and regalia.
The treasure deposited in this place, comprising diamonds and other precious stones, the rich presents made by sovereign Princes, &c. was by far more valuable than that belonging to any other crowned head in Europe. The total value of the diamonds, pearls, coloured stones, and diamond ornaments of the King's dress alone, is estimated about one million sterling.
Mons. Merlin, member of the committee of researches, has given the following account of the robbery:
At ten at night a patrol of the section of the Thuilleries perceived a man who was descending the lamp post of the jewellery office. On seizing him, his pockets were found full of jewels, diamonds, gold and silver. Another robber, in attempting to escape by throwing himself from the top of one of the pillars, was wounded in the head and taken; he was covered with brilliants, and had a handkerchief full of gold and silver, diamonds, sapphires, emeralds and topazes. The National Assembly has this morning named four of its members to be present at the information of this affair. Two considerable dia-
monds, one named the Regent, worth 500,000. sterling, and the Sovei, are carried off, with all the most precious brilliants. The value is estimated at several millions sterling.
In consequence of this depredation, an order was issued instantly to shut the barriers, and search every person who attempted to pass. At the same time couriers were dispatched on every road leading from the capital, with orders to stop every carriage they met.
Decree of the Section Poissonniere. The following will shew our readers the respect entertained for the scriptures by some of the Parisians.
A letter having been read from the rector of St. Laurent, inviting the assembly of that section to assist at the funeral service performed in honor of our brethren, who fell on the 10th of August last, the assembly, persuaded that it is at length time to speak the language of reason, decreed the following answer:
The martyrs of liberty, our brave brethren, who fell on the 10th of August, have no need of being excused or recommended to a just, good, and merciful God; the blood which they have shed for their country effaces all their faults, and gives them a claim to the beneficence of the Deity.
What! shall we go and offer our prayers to the Divinity that he may not condemn our brethren to the punishment of eternal fire! This would be offering an insult to him, it would be telling him that he is the most ferocious, the most absurd, and the most ridiculous of all beings. God, Sir, is just; our brethren consequently enjoy a perfect happiness, which nothing can destroy: bad citizens alone can doubt it.
Shew us upon your altar pieces the glorious victims of liberty, crowned with flowers and occupying the place of St. Crispin and St. Evlin.
Substitute songs of liberty for the absurd hymns ascribed to that ferocious David; that crowned monster; that Nero of the Hebrews, whose least crime was his having assassinated a husband, in order that he might sleep more conveniently with his wife. We shall then unite with you in celebrating together that God who imprinted on the heart of man, instinct which excites in him the love of liberty.
(Signed) DEVAUDICHON, President. VAGUET, Secretary.
The Duke of Brunswick is posted with an army of 50,000 men between Verdun and Clermont. Fifteen thousand Emigrants, with 5,000 other troops, are behind Longwy.
General Clairfayt, with 30,000 Austrians is in the neighborhood of Carignan. There are about 25,000 Austrians between Sartelonis and Longwy which, together with other small bodies, make in all 132,000 men, without including the troops of Brissgaw and Flanders, who are said to amount to 80,000.
Several persons have fallen victims to their imprudent zeal in digging up leaden coffins, in order to convert them into bullets.
M. Burruyer has been sworn into the office, before National Assembly, as Commander of the Camp under the Walls of Paris.
LONGWY, August 5.
Firing at the King of Prussia.
His Prussian Majesty passing by a village near this place, escorted by some dragoons, the inhabitants manifested a great joy on seeing him, but all on a sudden the sound of three or four muskets were heard, and his Majesty and his horse both fell. His suite, furious at seeing this treason, fell on to massacre the people and destroy their houses; but the King,
recovering his fall, called out to stop their vengeance, saying, I am not wounded, spare the human blood. However, this accident induced the king to send a courier extraordinary away immediately, ordering thirty thousand more of his troops to march towards the frontiers of France.
LYONS, September 13.
In imitation of the example set by the Parisians, the prisons in this city were forced open, and the prisoners, though defended by the Municipal Officers, were all slaughtered indiscriminately; nothing could exceed the fury of the populace, and the effects it produced are too shocking to relate; several heads were carried through the streets. One of the prisoners had escaped from his murderers, and came to the Hall of the Magistrates to implore protection; but even his judges could not save him from the monsters who were in pursuit of him, and who cut him in pieces, with several more unfortunate citizens and prisoners, in the very presence of the officers of justice.
At night the bloody scenes increased—every moment the prisons were opened—a great number of priests were murdered—one of them was disguised in woman's cloaths: the slaughter did not cease till the streets were covered with dead bodies.
An insurrection has also taken place at St. Martin near Lyons; seven persons, among whom were four priests, were saved from being massacred by a party of National Guards.
BRUSSELS, September 22.
After the events of the 14th inst. the news of which you probably have heard, the armies under the command of the Duke of Brunswick, having turned the mountains of Clermontois, found the armies of Luckner, Dumourier, and Kellerman, very advantageously posted in a chain of mountains parallel to the river of Aine.
The combined armies offered battle to the French, which they refused. It then became necessary to turn a corps of 20,000 men under M. Dumourier, who occupied a height which is considered as a key to the passes. The intrepidity of the troops conquered all obstacles; they attacked and took a battery of cannon, and M. Dumourier perceiving they should turn his flank took flight. The two other Generals followed his example, and the French army passed the Aine in the greatest disorder, and fled towards Chalons, where it is thought they did not stop.
In this retreat, from four to five hundred prisoners have been made, and they lost a great number of people, four pieces of cannon, sixty wagons, and an infinite quantity of baggage.
M. de Sombrueil, aid de camp of the Prince of Nassau, has gained great credit in this action by his valour and intelligence. It is understood, that the king of Prussia decorated him with the military orders on the field of battle.
All the difficult passages are now forced, and the combined armies have the key to Paris, except the battle which the patriots are to fight in the plains of Champagne, behind Chalons; but it is feared their courage will not await the Austrians and Prussians.
The combined armies bewail Prince Charles de Ligne, whose courage was the cause of his death.
LONDON, September 21.
Extract of a letter from Dublin, Sept. 13. "It is said that in the course of last week a subscription, amounting to three millions sterling, was completed among the Roman Catholic
gentlemen and merchants of Ireland, for the purpose of purchasing lands in North America.
"The object of this purchase is said to be two-fold; first, That these lands may serve as an asylum to which those people may retire, should they fail in obtaining what they now seem to consider as essential to the being of freemen—the elective franchise.
The second object is, That they may be a source of profit, should their situation in their native country be made such as to induce them to remain in it.
"This measure of the Catholics, should it be carried into execution, must very deeply interest the national welfare.—Nothing has occurred in Irish politics, within the present century, more worthy the attention of the politician and the statesman."
The victory, which was in the Paris paper of Monday reported to have been gained by M. Dumourier's army, has since been declared an ignominious flight, as we can state from M. Dumourier's own authority, in a letter to Marshal Luckner.
M. le Maréchal.
"My troops have been infected with a panic; the infantry ran, leaving behind them four field pieces together with a great quantity of small arms. The cavalry, the dragoons, and the light horse followed. A great part of our equipage has been lost, and the army is now full of shame, on its march, in three columns, to take post in the camp of Dammartin, before St. Menehould. I shall send you my returns to-night; in the mean time do not be uneasy. I have pointed out to Bournonville the route to join me, I think that I can still answer for the safety of France. Fifteen hundred Prussians were the cause of all this mischief. Above all, be careful to supply me with ammunition.
(Signed) DUMOURIER. (Copied from the original) LUCKNER, Generalissimo.
Another letter from Chalons, dated Monday, gives a dismal account of the state of that city, and the disorder and terror that prevail in it.
Official letters on the retreat of the French army to the camp of Dammartin.
"In our retreat to the camp of Dammartin, two leagues from St. Menehould, the rear-guard of our army was vigorously charged; but the body of our army had got to the camp in the best order, and was even already encamped; on a sudden, some ill-intentioned persons spread the alarm, by announcing that the rear-guard had been cut to pieces, and enemies were falling in great force on the main body of the army. The waggon drivers increased the terror by being first to take the alarm. The confusion was such, that 500 men might easily have routed the half of the army.—In the mean while the General being informed of this event, went out to meet the army. He found the cavalry in the best order; at his voice the run-aways rallied, the baggage stoppt, and the confusion subsided. The soldiers were ashamed of their mistake, and if at that moment they could have been led to the enemy, it would have been leading them to victory."
The eagerness of the people to enlist for military service increases.—But arms are still much wanted for the volunteers. The Department of la Marne, which supplies 18,000 men, has but 6,000 muskets for them.
The young Prince de Ligné, who was lately killed in an action with the French, is the officer whose gallantry was so much the subject of discourse at the storming of Ismael, in the late campaign against the Turks.

Philadelphia, Nov. 17.
A correspondent observes, that there must be some mistake in the paragraph which assigns the casting vote of the Vice-President on the Representation Bill...
By a document presented to the House of Representatives on Monday last from the Treasury Department, it appears, that the total amount of public expenditures from the first establishment of that department to the end of the year 1791...
Accounts from Libon, which appear to be well authenticated, say that there will be a great demand for grain in that quarter.
The general assembly of Delaware have appointed Gunning Bedford, James Sykes, and William Hill Wells, electors, to elect the President and Vice-President of the United States.
The Hon. WILLIAM BRADFORD, Esq. is chosen by the State of Rhode-Island a Senator of the United States, in the place of the Hon. JOSEPH STANTON, whose time expires in March next.
HENRY SHERBURNE, Esq. is chosen Treasurer General of the above State, in the room of JOSEPH CLARKE, Esq. deceased.
The following gentlemen came passengers in the ship Delaware, arrived here on Monday last;—Dr. Turner, Messrs. Barnwell, Huger, Carroll, Grand, Reece, Witherspoon, Harden, Guy, Dwight;—and ten steerage passengers.
The following gentlemen are chosen electors of President and Vice-President of the United States, by the State of Rhode-Island, viz.
His Excellency ARTHUR FENNER, His Honor Lieut. Gov. POTTER, Hon. WILLIAM GREENE, and GEORGE CHAMPLIN, Esq.
The article in our last, referring to the Convention of South-Carolina in 1788, mentions a letter from the Governor of Virginia, "proposing a kind of league against the new Government." In explanation of the article, we are authorized to say, that the letter alluded to, was not a private, but an official communication.
On Friday the 2d inst. was executed in Hillsborough, Orange county, North-Carolina, SAMUEL FULLER, of Granville county, for the horrid murder of his own son.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in New-York, to his friend in Baltimore, dated Nov. 5.
"A vessel is arrived here this day, in thirty days from Cadiz, and brings advices of the King of Spain's having declared War against France, and marched a great army to join the confederated powers."
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Londonderry, dated September 4.
"The Jacobins, or Republicans of France, having overturned the former order of things, a bloody contest is begun, in which it is hard at this distance to say which is right. It is certain the friends of liberty have had many obstacles to encounter; among their greatest and most dangerous enemies are the priests, but they are now to be all sent to South-America to till the earth. Fayette has fled from France, and it is said is going to America. At home Paine has fairly overcome Pitt and his colleagues: in Ireland, Napper Tandy has conquered the whole force of government."
From the New-York Gazette, November 14.
FROM A CORRESPONDENT.
Yesterday about twelve o'clock, the deputies appointed in the several counties throughout this State, to solicit legislative remedy for the late outrage, said to have been committed on the rights of suffrage, by a majority of the late canvassing committee, assembled at the city tavern, and from thence formed a procession of upwards of eighty persons to the assembly chamber.
We cannot but observe, the respectable appearance of a number of our fellow citizens, from various parts of the State. The subject-matter of the petitions, and the great order and decorum in conducting the business, seemed to impress every mind with the magnitude of the subject, and we have great reason to hope the decision of the legislature will be such, as to comport with its own dignity and honor, and in its event tending to restore the public peace and harmony, and to ensure in future the right of suffrage.
COMMUNICATION.
The writers against the measures of government have accused Congress of favoring speculators, and of neglecting the interests of the farmers.—The same party foment opposition
to the excise, and in the newspapers they do not blush to justify the audacious conduct of the conspirators against the law. Mark the inconsistency of these mischief-makers. They spare no pains to hinder the collection of the excise. What must be done when that fund fails?
"Lucius," from the American Daily Advertiser, shall appear in our next.
The piece signed "O CÆSAR—M. PETRUS," being personal, should have been accompanied with a disclosure of the author's name. This, with the communication dated "St. Mary's," relate to a subject which is perhaps sufficiently exhausted.
SHIP NEWS.
ARRIVED at the PORT of PHILADELPHIA. Brig Maria, Parsons, Boston; Jason, Lillibridge, returned in distress; Betty, Paden, Cape-Francois; Mary, Kennedy, Hamburg; Schooner Good Intent, Schary, Port au Prince; Delaware, Davis, St. Eustatia; Hawk, Dunn, Charleston; Eagle, Jones, do.; Sloop Sally, Ingraham, returned in distress; St. Kitts.
PRICE OF STOCKS.
6 per Cents, 21/3; 3 per Cents, 12/7; Deferred, 12/3; Full shares Bank U. S. 45 per cent. prem; 3 shares, 57; Unfunded debt of the U.S. 21/6 on the principal. And on the interest up to 1st Jan. 1788, 12/.
P A R I S, September 12.
THE number of men that marched from Paris to reinforce the army from the 3d to the 9th instant, according to the account kept by the Commandant General of the National Guard, is 9,897. To these are to be added 2,270 that marched on the 10th, and 5,000 who have gone from the neighbouring districts, making in all about 17,000 able-bodied men, well armed and equipped.
The Commissioners sent to Rochefort write that they have sent 37 waggon loads of ammunition by land, and that several vessels with cannon are already failed for Rouen.
The National Guards and Gendarmeries at Chalons proposed visiting the prisons, and executing summary justice on the prisoners; in other words, imitating the murders at Paris. From this detestable purpose they were dissuaded by the Commissioners of the National Assembly by there.
The Commissioners to the department of the South write, that the most perfect tranquility reigns at Avignon, the garrison of which consists of 4,000 men well armed, disciplined, and obedient. Two battalions of the department of La Drome, consisting of 800 men each, desire to be employed, and the Commissioners recommend them as fit for immediate service.
The Administrators of the department of the Lower Seine write, that having before sent one battalion to the colonies, they have now sent two to the frontiers, and twelve pieces of cannon for the defence of Paris; that eight companies beside are ready to march to Meaulx on the shortest notice, and that the number of sailors at their disposal amounts to 15,000.
Commissioners sent to Chalons by the Commons of Paris, state a number of volunteers, part of the garrison of Verdun, with a detachment of the regiment, formerly Walsh's, marching armed towards Meaulx, had been stopped at Dormans by the Gendarmerie, and conducted to Chalons. These men on their march gave out that Verdun was given up by the Administrative bodies, and the inhabitants, who obliged the garrison to surrender; that they had been loaded with favors by the King of Prussia and the Duke of Brunswick, who said to them from our armies; we come not to make war upon you, but merely to re-establish Louis XVI. on the throne. Far, therefore, from opposing our efforts, it is your interest to follow our standard, or at least to remain quiet, and so much the more, as you are every where betrayed, and your defeat certain."
The Minister at War has announced the raising of the Camp of Maulde, and the return of the troops to Valenciennes.
Orders had been given to the third battalion of the Cote d'or, which was posted at Montagne, and to the fourth battalion of the Pas-de-Calais, cantonned at Chateau d'Abbaye to fall back also, in case they should be attacked by a superior force. The brave battalion of the Cote d'or in retiring maintained a long combat, in which they displayed the greatest firmness, and a courage worthy of French soldiers; of that battalion nine men were killed.
The battalion of Pas-de-Calais made also a vigorous resistance, and exhibited astonishing courage. The loss was fifteen men of this regimental chain and their colours, which were torn in three pieces.
Those volunteers, who arrive in the several camps without arms, are ordered to fall back and wait till they can be supplied.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
BRIEF SKETCH OF TUESDAY'S DEBATE,
ON MR. DAYTON'S MOTION, viz.
That the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of War, be notified, that on Wednesday next this House intend to take into consideration, the Report of the committee relative to the causes of the failure of the late expedition, under the command of Gen. St. Clair, to the end that they may attend the house to give such information as to the state of facts, as may be in their power.
MR. WILLIAMSON moved to strike out the latter part of the resolution, which respected the attendance of the secretaries on the house—this motion, if carried, leaves the resolution a simple proposition to inform those officers, that the house were, on Wednesday, to take the report on the failure of Gen. St. Clair's expedition, into consideration.
Mr. Venable objected generally to the resolution, as inconsistent with the dignity of the house. He doubted the propriety of the measure altogether. The gentlemen are not impeached, and therefore the house has no right to cite them to make their appearance:—and with respect to information, the house can command such from the heads of departments as they may see proper to require. He was at a loss in attempting to investigate the object of the resolution. He could see no purpose that it would answer, which could not as well be obtained without it.
Mr. White offered several objections to the resolution, of a similar import with the above.
Mr. Dayton supported the motion by a few remarks, stating the importance of that information which those gentlemen alone could give—He adverted to the report of the committee, which he observed had exculpated the commanding general on that expedition, whereas he was of opinion, that the failure was owing to the misconduct of that gentleman.
Mr. Tucker objected to the resolution—he preferred the mode of requiring that information which the house might think necessary, in writing.
Mr. Madison objected to the motion on constitutional grounds, and as being contrary to the practice of the house. He had not, he said, thoroughly revolved the business in his own mind, and therefore was not prepared to state fully the effects which would result from the adoption of the resolution; but he would hazard thus much, that it would form an innovation in the mode of conducting the business of this house, and introduce a precedent which would lead to perplexing and embarrassing consequences; as it involved a conclusion in respect to the principles of the government, which, at an earlier day, would have been revolted from. He was decidedly in favour of written information.
Mr. Clark was opposed to the resolution—as a member of the committee who made the report, he had no apprehension; with respect to information, the report and the vouchers are before the house; and such further enquiry may be made of the proper officers as the house may think necessary.
Mr. Ames supported the resolution. He noticed the impressions which the failure of the late expedition had made on the public mind. Characters had suffered in the general estimation—it was of the utmost importance that a thorough investigation should take place, that if the failure of the expedition was a mere casualty, and the fortune of war, it might be made to appear—or if it was owing to misconduct, the blame might fall on the proper subjects. The mode suggested to obtain information, appeared to him the best that could be adopted; the most adequate to the object:—it was due to justice, to truth, and to the national honor, to take effectual measures to investigate the business thoroughly. This enquiry appears to be the beginning of an arrangement preparatory to an impeachment; on whom this will fall, he should not presume to say; but still it places the business in an important point of view, and shews, in the strongest manner, the necessity of adopting the best possible mode of ascertaining the real state of facts. This, he conceived, could not be done so effectually as by the mode proposed in the resolution.
Mr. Giles objected to the resolution. He preferred a thorough discussion of the report, in the first place; and a comparison of the vouchers with the report: and if, in the issue, it should appear necessary to call for information from these officers, it could then be done;—but in the present state of the business, to adopt the resolution, would place the committee in a very disagreeable situation.
Mr. Lawrance observed, that the committee, in their report, say, that, for want of time, they had not been able to complete it: it is then apparent, from the report itself, that it is immature. He stated several particulars in the report which were incomplete, and from hence inferred, that there was material information to be received previous to being able to form a competent judgment on the business. He observed, that as the information must be had, he saw no necessity of postponing the attendance of those officers in the first instance.
Mr. Madison, in reply to Mr. Ames's remark that the best possible mode ought to be adopted, observed, that there seemed to be different ideas
entertained, by the different advocates of the resolution; one seemed to implicate the officers alluded to, as parties concerned; another appeared to consider them merely as witnesses. For his part, he thought there was no other way of proceeding, but that of adopting one or the other of these alternatives; either to take up the report and discuss its merits, or for the house to begin the enquiry themselves, de novo.
Mr. Livermore objected to the resolution. He could not see any advantage which would result from adopting it. He thought the causes of the failure of the expedition were sufficiently obvious, without criminating any body. He adverted to these causes—they were, the rawness of the troops, and the superiority of the Indians as marksmen. On these points, he could not see what information could be derived from the Secretary of Treasury. He thought that the legislature had gone too far already, and that no satisfaction would result from further proceedings, but that the business would appear more and more involved.
Mr. Boudinot, after stating sundry particulars relative to the state of the public mind, at the time of the report—adverted to several parts of it which appear to criminate particular persons, some of whom were absent at the time of the investigation on which the report is founded.—He therefore urged the necessity of receiving from the heads of the departments, that information which was requisite to throw light on several parts of the report—and that this ought to be done previous to taking the report into consideration.
Mr. Fitzsimons said, he should vote against the resolution. He did not think this the proper time to call for the information alluded to; nor the mode proposed, a proper one. Some remarks have been made on the report that it is not before the house; to these he should not particularly reply, but would only observe, that no person had applied to the house for redress of any supposed injury received by the report. It has been said that the enquiry ought to have been a military one; but it was well known that it was impossible to institute such an enquiry by reason of the want of officers. He then gave a sketch of the mode of proceeding adopted by the committee in conducting the enquiry, to show that they had availed themselves of every means of information within their power.
Mr. Williamson said, he had moved to strike out the latter part of the resolution, but he was equally opposed to the whole of it; and since he had heard the remarks of several gentlemen, on both sides of the house, he was clearly of opinion, that the best way was to dispose of it altogether; and to let the business proceed in the course which it has already taken.
Mr. Giles observed, that he thought there was less delicacy observed on this occasion, in respect to the committee, than was usual in this house. With respect to the report, the vouchers on which every assertion is founded, are before the house. As to the incompleteness of the report, it is an immaterial object; the few blanks it contains are occasioned by the want of time to examine the voluminous papers necessary to be examined, in order to ascertain some of the facts—facts not in themselves of the first importance. He observed, that he had not the final objection to the fullest investigation of the business: he was in favor of all the information that could be possibly obtained; he objected not only to the mode now contended for, which he thought not only liable to all the objections which had been made, but to many others which might be offered.
Mr. Dayton observed, that he was one of those who were not satisfied with the report; he did not think the conclusion which exculpated the commanding officer, could be supported by the report itself. He adverted to several facts stated in it, which shewed that the commander must have been highly culpable; he instanced the slowness of his movements, the dilatoriness in constructing forts, and his being surprised by the enemy. He thought that the remarks which had fallen from gentlemen on what he had said, were illiberal, as they had virtually impeached his candor, when he was not conscious of deviating from its dictates. It was not his intention to have touched on the merits of the report, but had been impelled to do it, from the turn the debate had taken.
Mr. Gerry was in favor of the resolution. He enlarged on the magnitude of the object of investigation, and insisted that it was the indispensable duty of the house, thoroughly to probe the business to the bottom, that if any persons have been to blame, they may suffer, or if the event which has taken place, by which the national character has suffered, and so severe and unproductive an expence has been incurred, amounting probably to one million dollars, has been owing to circumstances which could not be avoided or controuled, the public may receive satisfaction as to the whole business.
Mr. Page objected to the resolution, particularly to the precedent it would establish; but at the same time he was in favor of the fullest enquiry the business was susceptible of. He said, the mode proposed would operate to clog the freedom of enquiry, and the freedom of debate.
Mr. Ames, adverting to the spirit of the report, pointed out the peculiar situation of the two secretaries, and that they did not stand on the same ground with other persons who are not so intimately implicated in the business. He alluded to the various objections which had been urged from precedent, from the fullness of the investigation which the subject had undergone in the hands of the committee, and from the remark by Mr. Livermore, that sufficient had already been done. To this last objection he particularly replied, by saying that the public wanted further satisfaction, and that the house could not justify themselves to their constituents without a stricter and fuller investigation, that the whole of the facts might be laid before them.
Mr. Madison said, the mode now proposed involved a dereliction of the only practicable mode of transacting public business; and that

however imperfect that mode might be, still he believed, that it was the only one that had received the sanction of experience and utility. He therefore hoped, that the resolution would be rejected, and the mode already adopted persevered in, and the necessary information called for in writing, from every person any ways interested or competent to give it.
Mr. W. Smith supported the resolution. He shewed by the report itself, and from the reasoning used by gentlemen in opposition to the resolution, that the two secretaries were implicated in the causes of the failure of the expedition—from hence he inferred the justice and propriety of giving them an opportunity of exculpating themselves.
Mr. Gerry expressed surprise at the apprehension which some gentlemen appear to entertain of the measure of introducing the heads of departments into the house; for his part he had no such apprehensions. The secretary will attend at the orders of the house, merely to give such information as may be required, and not as members or ministers, to influence and govern the determinations of the house.
Mr. Venable objected further to the resolution—he urged the impropriety of any of the heads of departments coming forward, and attempting in any way to influence the deliberations of the legislature.
Mr. Lawrance replied to Mr. Venable; he observed that the gentleman appeared to mistake the object of the resolution; it was not contemplated that either of the secretaries should appear on the floor of the house, to influence, in any degree, its decisions; they are to be called on merely for information.
Mr. Murray objected to the resolution. The report, he observed, is made to the house—if in the course of its discussion any further light or information should be deemed necessary, it may then be called for, and in that mode which shall appear most eligible—at present the question appears to be premature. Mr. Murray added several other remarks, and then the question being put, Mr. Williamson's motion for striking out was carried.
Wednesday, November 14.
Sketch of the Debate on the motion for recommitting the Report.
Mr. Madison suggested that the most simple, most practicable and consistent plan would be, to recommit the report of the Select Committee, and refer the present applications to the Committee, to whom the report shall be re-committed—He therefore moved that the Committee of the whole should be discharged from considering the report on the causes of the failure of the late expedition.—Mr. Smith (S. C.) observed that several objections struck him in opposition to this motion. The House must at some period (aid he, meet this business; if it is recommitted, here will be an impropriety in referring it to the same Committee, if a new Committee is appointed they must begin the whole business de novo; and if their investigation should take up such a length of time as that of the former committee the session will be expended; and at the close of it, the business will recur on the house, and the same discussion will be to be had, that is now proposed—He hoped the house would therefore proceed in the consideration of the report, assign two or three days in the week for the purpose, and continue the investigation till the whole is finished.
Mr. Giles replied, that he had no doubt that the vouchers on which the committee had founded the report would appear sufficient to justify the decisions that they had made. He said, that he did not suppose that the applicants would adduce any new information—one of them had been called on, he attended the committee, and he supposed that he had furnished all the information he was in possession of. He objected to a re-commitment, as one of the committee he was perfectly satisfied with the report; nor did he conceive there was any additional evidence to be produced, except it was of a recent date.
Mr. Ames said, he perceived such a disinclination to go into the business as indicated a proper temper of mind in relation to the persons supposed to be any ways interested in the ultimate decision of the house. He was opposed to a re-commitment; as it would procrastinate, instead of expediting the enquiry. He adverted to the report.—Facts are stated, the public have been left to draw the inferences, the committee have not explicitly criminated any body; but they have determined, in several instances, who is not to blame. What is the situation of those who are implicated in the causes of the failure? Every citizen knows, that in consequence of the ill-fame of the expedition, clamours against the war department, in respect to Indian affairs, have rung through the continent. Should public officers, who have been placed in situations of such importance be silent, and submit calmly to such imputations, they would be unworthy of public confidence—unworthy to breathe the vital air. They now apply for an opportunity to be heard in their own vindication. Shall they be sent to a committee-room, and make their defence against the allegations brought forward to their disadvantage, which have been published to the world, in the hearing of perhaps ten or a dozen persons only? He hoped not—he thought justice to them, and to the public required, that they should be allowed to make their defence in the face of the world. Will not precluding them look like a wish to smother all further enquiry into the business?
Mr. Baldwin was in favour of recommitting, he said it was the most eligible mode, and was consonant to the practice of the house.
Mr. Madison remarked that it had been said, a disposition was discovered to smother the enquiry; in reply he observed, that if he wished to prevent a thorough investigation, he should be in favour of the whole business being undertaken by the house, because, he observed, that if a se-
* Letters of the secretary of war and quarter-master general.
lect committee of a few members took seven weeks to form an incomplete report, it must appear evident, that to large a body as this house, after observed, that the same reason existed for referring the residue of the evidence to a select committee as induced the measure in the first instance.
Mr. Fitzsimons said he was at first in favour of a recommitment; but on further consideration he was convinced the house would be able to get through the business in a shorter time than a select committee. He added several other reasons which induced him to be in favour of the house proceeding with the report.
Mr. Gerry said it appeared to him that the only question seemed to be, whether the house or the select committee shall establish the facts? If these facts are established by the committee would it give equal satisfaction as if they were established by the house? He conceived it would not; but should the result be a conviction on the part of the house, that some of the officers are culpable, will the house rest an impeachment on the report of the committee? He conceived the house ought to found their decisions on facts ascertained by themselves. It has been said there is no difference between the house and the committee: If this is the case, does it not imply a censure by the house on certain characters? He thought it did. It therefore becomes the house to discard the report that it may be determined on what footing it stands. If, in the case of a contested election the house revolted from the idea of submitting their judgment to facts substantiated by a committee, the case before us is of unspeakably greater magnitude, for these and several other reasons he hoped the report would not be recommitted.
Mr. Williamson was in favour of the motion for recommitting; he supported his opinion by the uniform practice of the house, which in every case where new evidence was adduced, always provided that the new evidence should be examined by the same committee, who had originally brought in the report. He said if this mode was departed from, we should find no committee would bring forward a state of facts in future. He thought it was not treating the committee with proper candor to decide on their report in its present situation.
Mr. Sylvester observed, that the resolution of the house at the close of the last session, that they would take up the business early in the present session, precluded a recommitment—he was therefore opposed to the motion.
Mr. Boudinot was in favour of a recommitment, he said, if there is new evidence to be brought forward, the house ought to wait till that is received and reported at the Clerk's table; and thus he conceived ought to be done in the usual way, by a select committee; till the whole testimony is completed it appeared to him the house was not prepared to take one step in the business.
Mr. Madison replied to Mr. Gerry's allusion to the case of the contested election. He enquired of him whether the house itself went into an investigation of facts in the first instance? He believed he would not say that they did. With respect to the memorials, he enquired, whether, if they had been presented at the time of the investigation of the subject by the select committee, they would not have been referred to the committee; if they would then have been thus referred, the same reason exists for referring them to a select committee at the present time.
Mr. Lawrance was of opinion, that a recommitment would tend to a saving of time; the committee will not be obliged to go over the same ground again that has already been explored—all they will be obliged to do is, to investigate the new testimony which will be adduced. He hoped therefore, that the motion would prevail.
Mr. Giles said, that the proceedings of the committee were public, and that the secretaries could have attended all the time, had they seen proper—They attended but once, and then appeared extremely anxious to get away, to attend to their offices. The committee would have been extremely glad to have had those gentlemen present oftener, and to receive all the information they could give—and supposed they had done it.
Mr. Gerry replied to Mr. Madison; he said, if gentlemen would recur to the proceedings of the house on the contested election, they will find, that the house expressly reserved to itself the rights of substantiating the facts, which should appear from an examination of the depositions, taken in conformity to the resolutions of the house; and here he adverted to the mode pointed out by the house in taking those depositions. The adverse party was to be summoned to attend to the taking them; but in this report it appears, that ex parte evidence has been admitted as the foundation on which some of the decisions have been made.
Mr. Murray supported the motion for a recommitment. He observed, that the business in its present state was so incomplete, that he could not see how the house could proceed upon it. One part of the evidence only is finished, and the report is made on that evidence. Now, we are told, new testimony is offered; let the whole be brought into view at once, and then the house will be in a situation to judge.
Mr. Page was in favor of a further commitment of the business; but whether to the committee who made the report, or to a new committee, he should not take upon him to say. With respect to the admission of any head of a department to the bar of this house, except in case of an impeachment, he would never consent to it. It would be a precedent of a most dangerous nature, tending to a destruction of all freedom of enquiry by committees.
Mr. Findley observed, that the committee wished that Mr. Hodgdon should have been present, but he did not make his appearance; the committee therefore proceeded on the testimony they had, and as there is now new evidence brought forward, he thought it was proper that the report should be recommitted. As one of the
committee he should have no objection to such alterations as might appear proper on further and more complete investigation of the business.
Mr. Steele called for the reading of a clause in the memorial of the Secretary of War, which states that the committee had drawn conclusions from ex parte evidence. This being read, Mr. Steele remarked on the want of candor towards the committee, which had been shown by some of the members in the course of their observations. He then adverted to the above clause respecting ex parte evidence, and observed that with respect to the Secretary of War, it was not true that the committee had proceeded on ex parte evidence; that officer said he, was notified of the meetings of the committee, he attended those meetings, he furnished the committee with papers and documents, &c. and further he was requested to detain officers in town whose testimony was necessary in the business, and that he complained of some of those officers being detained by the delays of the committee from the recruiting service. With respect to Mr. Hodgdon, the same cannot be said, as he was not then in the country.
Mr. Steele then concluded by some additional remarks on the indicacy manifested by some gentlemen in their treatment of the committee, and observed that he did not apply it to himself personally, but as it respected the Committee at large he thought proper to express the contempt which he conceived it merited.
Mr. Dayton replied to Mr. Steele, he repeated the substance of his original remarks on the report, and added that in the course of the discussion he should attempt to shew that the deductions made in several parts of the report were false.
Mr. Dayton added, that whatever the gentleman last speaking might say—as one of the committee who signed the report, he was certainly implicated in whatever censure it merited.
The question for a recommitment was agreed to, 30 to 22.
Wednesday, November 14.
Mr. Grove, from North-Carolina, took his seat this day.
Mr. White moved that a committee be appointed to prepare and report a bill to regulate trade and intercourse with the Indian Tribes.—Agreed to, and messrs. White, Clark and Williamson, were appointed.
Mr. Orr presented the petition of —— praying compensation for public services: read and laid on the table.
Mr. Muhlenberg presented the petition of Griffin Jones, praying compensation for a quantity of leather supplied the public: referred to the Secretary of the Treasury.
Mr. Dayton presented the joint petition of a number of Canadian refugees: referred to messrs. Dayton, Bourne, (R. I.) and Murray.
Mr. Goodhue reported a bill providing for the registering and recording of ships and vessels.
The petition of James Dunbar was read, and, on motion, referred to messrs. Tucker, Ashe and White.
Mr. Fitzsimons was added to the committee on the petition of James Warrington.
A communication was read from the secretary of the treasury stating an estimate of the appropriations requisite for the support of government for the year 1793.
Mr. Murray's motion for the appointment of a committee to take into consideration that part of the President's speech which relates to the transmission of newspapers, and whether any, and what alterations may be necessary in the law for regulating the Post-Office—was referred to messrs. Murray, Baldwin, Gilman, Ames, and Barnwell.
Mr. Lee presented the petition of Patrick Dougherty and —— Bowles, praying compensation for damage sustained in their property during the late war: read and laid on the table.
Mr. Gerry presented the petition of Mrs. Bond, widow of the Colonel Bond, who died while in the service of the United States during the late war: laid on the table.
The following letter from the Secretary of War, was presented and read:
War Department, Nov. 14, 1792.
SIR,
After the close of the last session of Congress, I saw with much concern the report of the committee appointed to enquire into the causes of the failure of the expedition under Major Gen. St. Clair, of the 8th of May, 1792, which having been presented to the house in the last moments of the session, was ordered to be printed and has since circulated in the public newspapers throughout the United States, containing suggestions most of them founded upon ex parte investigation, which have been understood in a sense very injurious to my reputation.
Learning that the present day was appointed for taking into consideration the
above-mentioned report—I have waited with anxious expectation for some act of the house enabling me to attend the progress of the examination upon which they are about to enter, for the purpose of furnishing such information and explanations as might conduce to a right understanding of facts, in which I am so materially implicated—The failure of a proposition which I am informed was made to the house with that view, has added to my solicitude and regret.
Thus situated, I feel myself called upon to ask of the justice of the house that some mode may be devised, by which it will be put into my power to be present during the course of the intended inquiry, as well to hear the evidence on which the several allegations contained in the report are founded, as to offer the information and explanations to which I have alluded.
To this step I am impelled by a persuasion that an accurate and satisfactory investigation cannot otherwise be had with equal advantage—if at all. And my entire reliance upon the equity and impartiality of the house will not permit a doubt to exist on my part, that such an investigation will be exclusively the object of their desire and pursuit.
I have the honour to be, Sir, With the highest respect, Your most obedient humble servant, (Signed) H. KNOX.
The Speaker of the honorable the House of Representatives of the United States.
A letter to the same purport from Major Hodgdon, quarter-master-general of the late army, was presented.
These being read, a motion was made to refer them to the committee of the whole house.
This motion was superceded by a motion made by Mr. Madison, to discharge the committee of the whole from the consideration of the report of the select committee, and that the same, with the documents relative thereto, including the memorials of the Secretary of War and Mr. Samuel Hodgdon, be recommitted to the same committee.
This motion after a long debate was carried in the affirmative.
A motion for an addition to the committee was put and negatived.
Adjourned.
THURSDAY, November 15.
Mr. Sedgwick took his seat this day. The bill reported yesterday, providing for the registering and recording of ships or vessels, was read the first and second time, and referred to a committee of the whole, and made the order of the day for Monday next.
A letter was read from the Secretary of War, conveying information respecting Indian affairs in the southern quarter, communicated pursuant to orders from the President of the United States. This information was communicated in a letter from James Seagrove, agent for the United States to the Creek nation. The reading of this letter, which enclosed one from Mr. McGilivray, was begun, but, without being finished, was laid on the table.
Mr. Lee moved that the petition of Henry Bowes should be referred to the Secretary of the Treasury. This petition was for compensation for losses sustained during the late war. The motion was objected to;—this occasioned the calling for the reading of the proceedings of Congress relative to applications of this nature; and the report of the Secretary of the Treasury at the last session, on petitions of a similar description with that now under consideration. These being read,
The motion for referring the petition to the Secretary, after some conversation, was negatived.
Mr. Lee then moved that the documents accompanying the petition should be read: They were read accordingly. A motion was then made for referring the petition to a select committee—which was negatived.
On motion of Mr. Orr, the petition of Richard Chinworth was referred to a select committee, consisting of Messrs. Hartley, Greenup & Gordon.
The petition of Gifford Daly, door-keeper to the house, praying compensation for extra services, was read and laid on the table.
The reading of the confidential papers being resumed, the galleries were shut.
FRIDAY, Nov. 16.
After reading the journal of yesterday's proceedings, a motion being made to resume the reading of the private papers, the galleries were closed.—It was supposed the reading would be finished this day.
To the Public.
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PHILADELPHIA, NOVEMBER 17.
ANSWER
To the Charge of the CHIEF JUSTICE, delivered to the Grand Jury of the City and County of Philadelphia on Tuesday last week.
THE Grand Jury of the city and county of Philadelphia, beg leave to return their thanks to the honorable Chief Justice, for the charge delivered to them at the opening of the present sessions of Oyer and Terner...
In behalf of the Grand Jury unanimously, (Signed) JOHN BARRY, Foreman. Hon. Thos. M c Kean, Esq. Chief Justice of the State of Pennsylvania.
The proceedings of the National Assembly and the Community of Paris, at the same time that they display great enthusiasm, exhibit such strong symptoms of apprehension as must create dismay and alarm in the other parts of France...
According to a late writer, the following historical scrap contains an account of the origin of Theatrical exhibitions:
"Andronicus, Liby's slave, was a native of Greece, whose genius and learning not only procured him his liberty, and made him Tutor to his master's children, but raised him afterwards to be the favorite of the Roman people..."
"The Romans having got their first taste of the stage, grew so fond of Andronicus and of his plays, that they persecuted him with perpetual acting; and recalled him to often to sing his own compositions..."
From Woodfall's London Diary.
Refutation of M. de Septeuil of a paragraph to the following effect, published in French in the Moniteur the first of this Month, and afterwards translated into English, and inserted in several newspapers of the 6th.
"M. Agent to the committee of safety, ordered to arrest M. de Septeuil, first Valet de Chambre of Lewis the XVIIth, has at length discovered, after very strict search, the registers and port folios of the civil list..."
Translated from the French. John Baptist Tourteau de Septeuil, first Valet de Chambre of his most christian majesty, and treasurer general of his civil list, usually residing at Paris and now in this city of London...
Signed, J. B. Tourteau de Septeuil. Sworn at the Mansion House, London, the 7th Sept. 1792. Before me, J. Hopkins, Mayor.
PITTSBURGH, Nov. 3.
The building for the academy at Canonsburgh is now finished, and the institution under good regulations. The grammar school is taught by Mr. Johnson, and the English, Euclid's elements of Geometry, Trigonometry...
Nov. 2, 1792. The Printers in the different states will please insert the above in their newspapers.
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THAT, in their opinion, it will be for the interest of the concerned, to change the Universal Tontine into a general Insurance Company...
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