Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1793-04-13 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 34, NORTH FIFTH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 91 of Vol. IV.]
SATURDAY, APRIL 13, 1793.
[Whole No. 413.]
JUST PUBLISHED,
By Thomas Dobson,
Bookseller, at the Stone-House, in Second Street, PHILADELPHIA,
VOLUME VIII, OF
ENCYCLOPÆDIA:
OR, A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, AND MISCELLANEOUS LITERATURE.
On a Plan entirely new:
BY WHICH
THE DIFFERENT SCIENCES AND ARTS are digested into the Form of Distinct, TREATISES OR SYSTEMS:
THIS VOLUME CONTAINS
An Account of the Cape of Good Hope, Grasping, Universal Grammar, Grasses, Greece, Greenland, Guam, Guinea, Gunnery, Happiness, Harmony, Heat, Hepatic-Air, Heraldry, Hindostan, Hippopotamus, History, New-Holland, Horse, Horsemanship, Hotteus, Hunting, Husbandry, Hydrometer, with a great variety of Biographical and Miscellaneous Articles. Embellished with sixteen Copperplates.
CONDITIONS.
I. The work is printing on a superfine paper, and new types, (cast for the purpose) which will be occasionally renewed before they contract a worn appearance.
II. The work is furnished in boards, in volumes or half-volumes, as subscribers chuse; the price of the whole volumes, five dollars each, of the half-volumes two dollars and two-thirds of a dollar each. Ten dollars to be paid on subscribing, the volumes or half-volumes finished to be paid for when delivered, the price of one volume to be paid in advance, and the price of each succeeding volume to be paid on delivering the volume preceding it. No part of the work will be delivered unless paid for.
III. In the course of the publication will be delivered about five hundred copperplates elegantly engraved in Philadelphia: which by far exceed in number those given in any other scientific dictionary. At the close of the publication will be delivered an elegant frontispiece, the dedication, preface, and proper title pages for the different volumes.
It is expected the work will be comprised in about eighteen volumes in quarto.
As several gentlemen who have honored this undertaking with early subscriptions, have only received a small part of the work, they are earnestly requested to complete their sets, as far as published, immediately, while the publisher still has in his power to supply them with the parts which have not been furnished. As the subscription will very possibly be closed by the first of July next, the publisher cannot undertake to complete sets after that period; and those who wish to become possessors of this truly valuable and important work, will please apply before the expiration of that time, that they may not be disappointed.
The very heavy expence necessarily incurred in carrying on this work, makes it indispensably requisite for the publisher to adhere more strictly than he has done to the original condition, of delivering the volumes only on being paid for them.
April 6, 1793.
epm.
POST-ROAD
TO THE GENESEE COUNTRY.
THE public are hereby informed, that the Post-Road from Philadelphia to Reading, is continued to Sunbury and Northumberland; thence up the West Branch of the Susquehannah as far as Lichomine; thence to the Painted Post (in New-York state, near the forks of the Tioga) thence to Bath (a town laid out on the Cohocton Branch of the Tioga) thence to Williamsburg, at the forks of Genesee River.
Letters for this new route will be sent from the Philadelphia Post-Office every Wednesday morning, at eight o'clock, with the mail for Reading.
A weekly mail will also be carried from Bethlehem to Wilkesbarre, in the county of Luzerne.
General Post-Office. April 6, 1793.
TO BE SOLD,
Anoted covering Horse, OF THE HUNTING BREED.
HE was imported from England in November, fifteen hundred and eighty-six, and is now ten years old; he is a bright bay, with a blaze, fifteen hands one inch high, is well form'd, has a great deal of bone and strength, and his action equal to any horse. His colts are well approved of in the different parts of the State where he has stood, of which any person inclined to purchase can inform themselves.—Enquire of the Printer.
February 18, 1793.
Bc
ADVERTISEMENT.
WHEREAS A BRIDGE is to be built over Raritan River, at the city of New-Brunswick, in the state of New-Jersey—to accomplish which, will require the service of many carpenters and masons of experience; Notice is therefore hereby given, that any person or persons inclining to undertake the whole, or any part thereof, by applying to the subscribers, on or before the first day of May next, may have an opportunity of contracting for the same.
JOHN BAYARD,
JACOB HARDENBURGH,
JOHN DENNIS, Sen.
Brunswick, March 24th.
epgu
CONCLUSION OF
An ACT for enrolling and licensing ships or vessels to be employed in the coasting trade and fisheries, and for regulating the same.
AND be it further enacted, That when any ship or vessel, licenced for carrying on the fishery, shall be intended to touch and trade at any foreign port or place, it shall be the duty of the master, commander, or owner, to obtain permission for that purpose, from the collector of the district where such ship or vessel may be, previous to her departure, and the master or commander of every such ship or vessel, shall deliver like manifests, and make like entries, both of the ship or vessel, and of the goods, wares, or merchandise on board, within the same time, and under the same penalty, as by the laws of the United States, are provided for ships or vessels of the United States arriving from a foreign port. And if any ship or vessel, licenced for carrying on the fisheries, shall be found within three leagues of the coast, with goods, wares, or merchandise of foreign growth or manufacture exceeding the value of five hundred dollars, without having such permission, as is herein directed, such ship or vessel, together with the goods, wares, or merchandise imported therein, shall be subject to seizure and forfeiture.
And be it further enacted, That the master or commander of every ship or vessel, employed in the transportation of goods, from district to district, that shall put into a port, other than the one to which she was bound, shall, within twenty-four hours of his arrival, if there be an officer residing at such port, and the continue there so long, make report of his arrival, to such officer, with the name of the place he came from, and to which he is bound, with an account of his lading; and if the master of such ship or vessel shall neglect or refuse to do the same, he shall forfeit twenty dollars.
And be it further enacted, That if the master or commander of any ship or vessel, employed in the transportation of goods, from district to district, having on board goods, wares, or merchandise of foreign growth or manufacture, or distilled spirits, shall, on his arrival at the port to which he was destined, have lost or mislaid the certified manifest of the same, or the permit which was given therefor, by the collector or surveyor of the district from whence he sailed, the collector of the district where he shall so arrive, shall take bond for the payment of the duties on such goods, wares and merchandise of foreign growth or manufacture, or distilled spirits, within six months, in the same manner, as though they were imported from a foreign country: Provided however, such bond shall be cancelled, if the said master shall deliver, or cause to be delivered to the collector taking such bond, and within the term therein limited for payment, a certificate from the collector or surveyor of the district, from whence he sailed, that such goods were legally exported in such ship or vessel, from such district.
And be it further enacted, That the master or commander of every foreign ship or vessel, bound from a district in the United States, to any other district within the same, shall, in all cases, previous to her departure from such district, deliver to the collector of such district, duplicate manifests of the lading on board such ship or vessel, if there be any, or if there be none, he shall declare that such is the case, and to the truth of such manifests or declaration, he shall swear or affirm, and also obtain a permit, from the said collector, authorizing him to proceed to the place of his destination. And the master or commander of every such ship or vessel, on his arrival within any district, from any other district, shall, in all cases, within forty-eight hours after his arrival, and previous to the unlading any goods from on board such ship or vessel, deliver to the collector of the district where he may have arrived, a manifest of the goods laden on board such ship or vessel, if any there be, or if in ballast only, he shall so declare, and to the truth of which manifest or declaration, he shall swear or affirm; and also, that such manifest contains an account of all the goods, wares, and merchandise, which were on board such ship or vessel, at the time, or have been, since her departure from the place, from whence she shall be reported last to have sailed; and he shall also deliver to such collector the permit which was given him from the collector of the district from whence he sailed. And if the master or commander of any such ship or vessel, shall neglect or refuse complying with any of the requirements herein made, he shall forfeit one hundred dollars: Provided always, That nothing herein contained shall be construed as affecting the payment of tonnage, or any other requirements which such ships or vessels are now subject to by the present existing laws of the United States.
And be it further enacted, That in every case where the collector is, by this act, directed to grant any enrolment, licence, certificate,
permit, or other document, the naval-officer residing at the port (if there be one, shall sign the same; and every surveyor who shall certify a manifest, or grant a permit, or who shall receive any certified manifest, or a permit, as is provided for in this act, shall make monthly returns thereof, or sooner, if it can conveniently be made, to the collector of the district where such surveyor may reside.
And be it further enacted, That before any ship or vessel, of the burthen of five tons, and less than twenty tons, shall be licenced, the same admeasurement shall be made of such ship or vessel, and the same provisions observed relative thereto, as are to be observed in case of admeasuring ships or vessels to be registered or enrolled; but in all cases, where such ship or vessel, or any other licenced ship or vessel, shall have been once admeasured, it shall not be necessary to measure such ship or vessel anew, for the purpose of obtaining another enrolment or licence, except such ship or vessel shall have undergone some alteration as to her burthen, subsequent to the time of her former licence.
And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for any officer of the revenue, to go on board of any ship or vessel, whether she shall be within or without his district, and the same to inspect, search, and examine; and if it shall appear that any breach of the laws of the United States has been committed, whereby such ship or vessel, or the goods, wares and merchandise on board, or any part thereof, is, or are liable to forfeiture, to make seizure of the same.
And be it further enacted, That in every case, where a forfeiture of any ship or vessel, or of any goods, wares or merchandise, shall accrue, it shall be the duty of the collector, or other proper officer, who shall give notice of the seizure of such ship or vessel, or of such goods, wares or merchandise, to insert in the same advertisement, the name or names, and the place or places of residence, of the person or persons to whom any such ship or vessel, goods, wares and merchandise belonged, or were consigned at the time of such seizure, if the same shall be known to him.
And be it further enacted, That every collector, who shall knowingly make any record of enrolment or licence of any ship or vessel, and every other officer or person, appointed by, or under them, who shall make any record, or grant any certificate, or other document whatever, contrary to the true intent and meaning of this act, or shall take any other, or greater fees, than are, by this act allowed, or shall receive for any service performed, pursuant to this act, any reward or gratuity, and every surveyor, or other person appointed to measure ships or vessels, who shall wilfully deliver to any collector, or naval officer a false description of any ship or vessel, to be enrolled or licenced, in pursuance of this act, shall upon conviction of any such neglect or offence, forfeit to the United States five hundred dollars, and be rendered incapable of serving in any office of trust or profit, under the United States. And if any person, authorized or required by this act, in respect to his office, to perform any act or thing required by this act, shall wilfully neglect or refuse to do and perform the same, according to the true intent and meaning of this act, such person, on being duly convicted thereof, if not hereby subject to the penalty and disqualifications aforesaid, shall forfeit and pay the sum of five hundred dollars for the first offence, and a like sum for the second offence, and shall from thenceforward be rendered incapable of holding any office of trust or profit under the United States.
And be it further enacted, That if any person or persons, shall swear, or affirm to any of the matters, herein required to be verified, knowing the same to be false, such person or persons shall suffer the like pains and penalties, as shall be incurred, by persons committing wilful and corrupt perjury. And if any person or persons shall forge, counterfeit, erase, alter or falsify any enrolment, licence, certificate, permit, or other document, mentioned or required in this act, to be granted by any officer of the revenue, such person or persons, so offending, shall forfeit five hundred dollars.
And be it further enacted, That if any person or persons shall assault, resist, obstruct, or hinder any officer in the execution of this act, or of any other act or law of the United States, herein mentioned, or of any of the powers or authorities vested in him by this act, or any other act or law, as aforesaid, all and every person so offending, shall, for every such offence, for which no other penalty is particularly provided, forfeit five hundred dollars.
And be it further enacted, That if any licenced ship or vessel, shall be transferred in whole, or in part, to any person, who is not, at the time of such transfer, a citizen of, and resident within the United States, or if any such ship or vessel, shall be employed in any other trade, than that for which she is licenced, or shall be found with a forged or altered licence, or one granted for any other ship or vessel, every such ship or vessel, with her
tackle, apparel and furniture, and the cargo found on board her, shall be forfeited.
Provided nevertheless, and be it further enacted, That in all cases where the whole or any part of the lading, or cargo on board, any ship or vessel, shall belong bona fide to any person or persons other than the master, owner, or mariners, of such ship or vessel, and upon which the duties shall have been previously paid or secured, according to law, shall be exempted from any forfeiture under this act, any thing therein contained to the contrary notwithstanding.
And be it further enacted, That the fees and allowances for the several duties and services, to be performed, in virtue of this act, shall be as follows; that is to say:
For admeasuring every ship or vessel, in order to the enrolment, or licencing and recording the same, if of the burthen of five tons, and less than twenty tons, fifty cents; if of twenty tons, and not exceeding seventy tons, seventy-five cents; if above seventy tons, and not exceeding one hundred tons, one hundred cents; if above one hundred tons, one hundred and fifty cents:
For every certificate of enrolment, fifty cents:
For every endorsement on a certificate of enrolment, twenty cents:
For every licence and granting the same, including the bond, if not exceeding twenty tons, twenty-five cents; if above twenty, and not more than one hundred tons, fifty cents; and if more than one hundred tons, one hundred cents:
For every endorsement on a licence, twenty cents:
For certifying manifests, and granting a permit for a licenced vessel to proceed from district to district, twenty-five cents, if less than fifty tons, and if above fifty tons, fifty cents:
For receiving a certified manifest, and granting a permit, on the arrival of such vessel, twenty-five cents, if less than fifty tons, and if above fifty tons, fifty cents:
For certifying manifests, and granting a permit for a registered vessel to proceed from district to district, one hundred and fifty cents:
For receiving a certified manifest, and granting a permit, on the arrival of such registered vessel, one hundred and fifty cents:
For granting a permit for a vessel, not belonging to a citizen or citizens of the United States, to proceed from district to district, and receiving the manifest, two hundred cents:
For receiving a manifest, and granting a permit, to unload, for such last mentioned vessel, on her arrival in one district, from another district, two hundred cents:
For granting a permit for a vessel carrying on the fishery, to trade at a foreign port, twenty-five cents, and for the report and entry of any foreign goods imported in such vessel, twenty-five cents.
And where a surveyor shall certify a manifest, or grant a permit, or receive a certified manifest and grant a permit, the fees arising therefrom, shall be received by him solely for his use. And all other fees arising, by virtue of this act, shall be received, and accounted for, by the collector, or, at his option, by the naval officer, where there is one, and where there is a collector, naval officer, and surveyor, shall be equally divided, monthly, between the said officers; and where there is no naval officer, two thirds to the collector, and the other third to the surveyor; and where there is only a collector, he shall receive the whole amount thereof; and where there is more than one surveyor in any district, each of them shall receive his proportionable part, of such fees, as shall arise in the port, for which he is appointed: Provided always, That in all cases, where the tonnage of any ship or vessel, shall be ascertained, by any person appointed for that purpose, such person shall be paid a reasonable compensation therefor, out of the fees aforesaid, before any distribution thereof, as aforesaid; and every collector and naval officer, and every surveyor, who shall reside at a port, where there is no collector, shall cause to be affixed, and constantly kept, in some conspicuous place of his office, a fair table of the rates of fees, demandable by this act.
And be it further enacted, That all penalties and forfeitures, which shall be incurred by virtue and force of this act, shall and may be sued for, prosecuted and recovered, in like manner, as penalties and forfeitures, incurred by virtue of the act, intitled, "An act to regulate the collection of the duties imposed by law on goods, wares and merchandise imported into the United States, and on the tonnage of ships or vessels," may be sued for, prosecuted and recovered, and shall be appropriated in like manner: Provided always, That if any officer, entitled to a part or share of any such penalty or forfeiture, shall be necessary as a witness on the trial for such penalty or forfeiture, such officer may be a witness upon the said trial; but in such case, he shall not receive, or be entitled to any part or share of the said penalty or forfeiture, and the part or share to which he would other-

wise have been entitled, shall accrue to the United States.
And be it further enacted, That this act shall commence, and take effect, from and after the last day of May next, and henceforth, the act, intitled, "An act for registering and clearing vessels, regulating the coasting trade, and for other purposes," shall be repealed, and cease to operate, except as to the validity of the registers, records, enrolments and licences, with the certificates and documents, which shall have been done or granted, in pursuance of those acts, prior to the first day of June next, which shall continue to be of the like force and effect, as if the said acts were not repealed; and except also, as to the prosecution, recovery and distribution of and for fines, penalties and forfeitures, which may have been incurred, prior to the first day of June next, for which purpose likewise, the said acts shall continue in force.
And be it further enacted, That nothing in this act, shall be construed to extend to any boat or lighter, not being masted, or if masted, and not decked, employed in the harbor of any town or city.
JONATHAN TRUMBULL, Speaker of the House of Representatives. JOHN ADAMS, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. APPROVED, FEBRUARY 18, 1793. GEO. WASHINGTON, President of the United States.
Foreign Intelligence.
LONDON, Feb. 13.
THE Pearl, belonging to Plymouth, taken by the French, and valued at 40,000l. is found to be worth 5,000l. She was principally laden with the baggage of some west country gentleman, which was coming to London.
A French privateer attempted to board the Thane, Smith, for Liverpool, in the Downs.
The Conquest, Cummins, for Chester, was attacked by a row boat off Dover.
Two cutters at Rye have carried into that port a large French cutter.
A French armed row-boat was taken on Tuesday night, and bro't to Broad Stairs.
No formidable blow has yet been struck on the part of England or France. The Hind sloop has taken a French Schooner, privateer from Dieppe, mounting four carriage guns and two swivels, and carrying 50 men. The Hind has sent its prize to London.
Two lug sail French privateers have captured between the north Foreland and Margate, a small ship and two brigs.
The Badger Excise cutter has taken a Calais fishing boat and carried her into Dover.
Feb. 15. Stocks have this day risen more than one per cent.
The Imperial declaration of war, in the name of the Germanic empire, has just made its appearance.
The King of Prussia and his staff, have all gone into mourning for his late Most Christian Majesty.
It is said that a treaty of marriage is on the tapis between Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Esq. and Miss Pamela, a near relation of Philippe Egalite, and the companion of Mademoiselle d'Orleans.
In every proceeding from the memorable 14th of July to the present moment, the new usurpers of authority in France have uniformly adopted the system of depredation. It was not the general welfare of the public that stirred them up; it was an eye which certain individuals had on the property of others, and having a favorable opportunity to carry that plan into execution by the murmurs of the people at the enormities of the court party, they seized a lucky moment, dethroned the sovereign, made themselves masters of the wealth of the nation, obliged those who had riches to fly, seized upon their inheritances, and then passed sentence of death upon them if they should return. Having thus far carried the point, they endeavored to seduce the rabble of other countries to commit similar insurrections: for it is the maxim of robbers to cry down honesty, and level all mankind to one common standard.
An effectual cure for the bite of a mad Frenchman. Mix a grain of common sense in the milk of human nature, with two grains of honor and half a drachm of loyalty: and let the patient take this, night and morning, and he will be in his senses all day.
It looks as if the French, in establishing republicanism, wished also to bring back paganism. The church of St. Genevieve is now called the Pantheon; and the first god placed there was the god Mirabeau, a god that had he lived a few months longer would most probably have been hanged.
Since the French first swore to establish a constitution, there have been about two hundred different Ministres . They are now making another Constitution ! With what body of men, or what Minister could any power in Europe negotiate?
Since the days when Roman debauchery, and the abolition of public and private worship unnerved the arms of that mighty empire which gave laws to the universe, we have not had so great and so sudden a subversion of honor, honesty and virtue in any nation of the world, as that which has tumbled France into its present abyss of barbarism.
Tranquility and order are established in every part of Savoy, and the people happy in their change of government.
The inhabitants of Constantinople have again began to express their dissatisfaction with the administration of the Grand Vizier, by setting fire to the city in the night. Such are the dreadful effects of popular discontent, where the people have no constitutional mode of representing their grievances.
The French are paying every possible attention to the construction of the works of Cherbourg, which had been for a time discontinued, and to the repair of those of Dunkirk. These two ports will be the principal stations of their privateers; the one opposite to Portsmouth, the other to the mouth of the Thames. Cherbourg will at this time admit of a ship of 74 guns.
The Dauphin is lodged in the Mayor's house until the Convention determine his fate; he is prevented seeing the Queen—and the most favorable opinion of his punishment is perpetual imprisonment.
The last requests of the unfortunate Louis breathe the soul of magnanimity, and a mind enlightened with the finest ideas of human virtue. He appears not to be the man which his enemies reported. His heart was found—his head was clear—and he would have reigned with glory, had he not possessed those faults which his assassins laid to his charge. His mind possessed the suggestions of wisdom; and even in his last moments, when the Spirit of life was winged for another world, his lips gave utterance to them, and he spoke with firmness and with resignation.
Thus has ended the life of Louis XVI. after a period of four year's detention, during which he experienced from his subjects every species of ignominy and cruelty which a people could inflict on the most sanguinary tyrant. Louis XVI. who was proclaimed at the commencement of his reign, the Friend of the People, and by the Constituent Assembly, the Restorer of their Liberties—Louis, who but a few years since was the most powerful Monarch in Europe, has at last perished on the scaffold. Neither his own natural goodness of heart, his desire to procure the happiness of his subjects, nor that ancient love which the French entertained for their Monarch, has been sufficient to save him from the fatal judgment.
Confidential letters from France give us reason to believe, that the National Convention will propose to put up to sale one fourth of the lands of the Republic, to defray the expenses of the war. But who will become the purchasers? The estates of the Emigrants do not find a market, for there are no bidders.
On Friday Mr. Flint, the messenger, arrived in town with dispatches from Lord Auckland at the Hague. Very serious apprehensions are entertained of the success of Dumourier in Holland, where the factious party rather increases than diminishes; but, as yet, there is no news of his irruption into the Dutch territories.
Orders have been sent from the Admiralty to Admiral Crosby, commander in chief of his Majesty's ships at Plymouth, to burn, sink and destroy all vessels belonging to the French nation; an account having been received, that a large French frigate had been seen off the Godwin.
The Parliament of Ireland having determined to grant relief to the Catholics, they are now turning their thoughts to the Protestant clergy. It is in contemplation to equalise all the livings, and to reduce the number of bishops; every rector is to be allowed 500l. per ann. and every curate 200l. per ann. His Majesty's most gracious answer to the address of the House of Lords, presented yesterday at St. James's.
"My Lords, "I return you my hearty thanks for this very dutiful and affectionate address."
"I receive, with the greatest satisfaction, the assurances of the firm and effectual support in the prosecution of the just and necessary war in which I am engaged, in consequence of the unprovoked aggression of France; and I trust that, by the blessing of Providence, my efforts will be rendered successful, for maintaining the rights of my people, preventing the extension of anarchy, and contributing to the security of Europe."
The vessel of the late lamented Mr. Rumsey, to sail against wind and tide has lately been tried, and was found to sail four knots an hour. The following is the principle upon which it moves:—
A pump of two feet diameter, wrought by a steam engine, forces a quantity of water up through the keel. The valve is then shut by the return of the stroke, which at the same time forces the water through a channel or pipe of about six inches square, lying above and parallel to the keel, out at the stern, under the rudder, which has a less dip than usual to permit the exit of water. The impetus of the water, forced through the square channel, against the exterior water, acts as an impelling power upon the vessel.
The rumours of yesterday were such as may be expected at the present crisis. It was circulated, on the one hand, that General Custine and his army had been cut to pieces. It was suggested on the other, that General Dumourier had been surrounded and destroyed by the army of General Clairfait!
An intelligence more satisfactory and more confirmed was received by the Dutch mails of yesterday. It was then declared, in the strongest terms, that the division between the Patriots and the Stadtholder was at an end; and that the sense of their common danger had united the people of Amsterdam in one common bond of union.
The rumours of engagements in the channel, we cannot say, from authority, are without foundation. Several French frigates, and a number of English traders, have been captured by that monster— Report!
An Ambassador is to be formally announced, in a few days, from Monsieur , as regent, to the Court of Great-Britain. The person named, is the Duc d'Harcourt. His reception in the combined view of etiquette and political relation, will furnish matter of curious observation.
Yesterday M. de Curb, Depute des Iles du Vent de l'Amerique, attended by M. Chev. du Buc, and Le Baron de Chaeffontaine, lately arrived from the French West-India settlements, who have petitioned the administration of this country to take their persons and property under their protection, were presented to the King at St. James's, by Lord Grenville.
FRANCE. NATIONAL CONVENTION. JANUARY 17.
The three defenders of Louis Capet were admitted to the bar. One of them, Deseze, said, "Citizens, Representatives, the law and the decrees have entrusted to us the sacred function of the defence of Louis. We come, with regret, to present to you the last act of our function. Louis has given to us his express charge to read to you a letter signed with his own hand, of which the following is a copy:
"I owe to my own honor, I owe to my family, not to subscribe to a sentence which declares me guilty of a crime of which I cannot accuse myself. In consequence I appeal to the nation, from the sentence of its representatives; and I commit, by these presents, to the fidelity of my defenders, to make known to the National Convention this appeal, by all the means in their power, and to demand that mention of it be made in the minutes of their sittings."
"Given at Paris, the 16th Jan. 1793. (Signed) LOUIS."
Deseze then resumed the discourse. He reminded the Assembly that the Decree of Death had only been pronounced by a majority of five voices, while the other part of the Assembly were of opinion that the safety of the country required another decision. He warmly conjured them to examine anew the question of appeal, and to grant to humanity, to the interest of the state, all that justice might not seem imperiously to claim.
Tronchet, another of the defenders of Louis Capet, protested against the Decree, by which the Assembly had declared that the sentence should be passed like its other decrees, by an absolute majority. He demanded the repeal of the Decree, observing, that as the Penal Code had served as the basis of the opinion of those who had pronounced the punishment of death, not to pronounce the punishment except by two-thirds of the voices.
Lamaignon Malesherbes, the third counsel of Louis, begged the Convention to allow him till to-morrow to present some observations on that kind of majority, which to him seemed necessary, before sentence should have been pronounced. He regretted that he could not speak extempore with sufficient facility to enable him to explain his ideas.
The President informed the Counsel that the Convention would take their requests into consideration, and invited them to the honors of the sitting.
On a motion made by Robespierre, the Convention decreed.
I. That the appeal interposed by Louis Capet is null, being contrary to the rights of the people, and to the power of national representation; and that all citizens are forbidden to support this appeal, under pain of being punished as disturbers of public tranquility.
II. That there are no grounds for attending to the remonstrances of the Counsel of Louis, in regard to the nature of the majority which passed sentence upon him.
The discussion of the question, whether it would be proper to suspend the execution of the sentence passed against Louis Capet? was adjourned to next day.
The Convention rose at eleven at night, after a sitting which continued thirty-six hours.
HAGUE, February 5.
This afternoon intelligence was received here, that Ruremond has been taken by the Prussians, and that the French lost a great number of men.
AMSTERDAM, Feb. 7.
On the 2d inst. his royal highness Prince Frederick of Brunswick established his head quarters in the city of Gueldres. The French retire on all sides at the approach of the Prussians, who have already formed a junction with the advanced posts of the Austrian general Count de Clairfait. The army of the latter is said to consist of 45,000 effective men.
The present state of the Russian fleet in the black sea, under the command of Rear Admiral Ribas, who has received orders to sail on a secret expedition, is as follows: Sixteen ships of the line, one of which carries 80 guns; four large frigates; two smaller ones; five armed brigs; a bomb vessel, and several fireships and armed transports. At Nicolai and Cherson, several Russian ships of the line and frigates are constructing.
Domestic Articles.
BALTIMORE, April 9.
Yesterday arrived here, from Marseilles, in France, the ship Harmony , Capt. William Robinson, which place he left on the 15th of February—Capt. Robinson put into Gibraltar, which place he left on the 26th of February—He informs, that on the 7th of February, the harbor master of Marseilles received orders to unship the rudders of the English and Dutch vessels in that port, and accordingly did so—That as soon as the news of war reached Marseilles, they immediately began fitting out privateers—That two privateers sailed in company with the Harmony from Marseilles—That in three days after Capt. Robinson sailed, there would be ready for sea upwards of 18 sail out of that port, from 4 to 24 guns each—That on the 20th of Feb. a French privateer of 14 guns, fell in with six sail of English and Dutch off Cape Palos; took five, and one brig made her escape to Gibraltar.
From a Correspondent.
Notwithstanding the fascinating power of the words Liberty and Equality human nature recoils with horror at the late massacre of Louis the XVIth; and the history of the present day must stamp a complexion so sanguinary on the French nation, that time shall not, for centuries, be capable of effacing it. Whilst America views with detestation and anxiety, the bloody scenes now acting on the theatre of Europe, let it be her care to avert those evils, by declining all interference in the contention; let her circling arms of peace embrace the whole world, and her doors of hospitality fly open to distressed strangers, of all nations, whatever be the motives which

propels them to us. Thus, while "the cloud-cap'd Towers and gorgeous Palaces" of transatlantic countries are hastening to ruin, we shall be advancing in universal estimation, and enjoy those blessings which a free constitution and extensive population is best calculated to promote.
On Tuesday last the President of the United States arrived in good health, at Mount Vernon.
BOSTON, March 30.
A letter from L'Orient, dated Jan. 2, 1793, received via Cadiz, informs, "Among the great changes in the affairs of the new government, your friend M. Deletombe, Consul at Boston, is called home, and M. Denney is appointed Consul-General for the Republic of France, and is to reside in Boston. There is to be but one Consul in America."
TRIBUTE OF RESPECT.
The melancholy fate of the first Princely Hand which was stretched forth to relieve America in the hour of her distress, being now ascertained, we hear that the committee who superintended the Ox Procession, have requested that the Head and Horns of that Victim which are now placed on the flag-staff at Liberty-Square, should be put in mourning this morning, with the colours half staff high: and that at five o'clock in the afternoon, the flag staff be cut down, dropped in the dock, and with the head and horns, be there buried—as an evidence of the truth of that assertion of the patriotic Paine, in the French National Convention—"That the free Americans consider themselves indebted to LOUIS for their Liberty—and that the news of his execution has given them great pain."
Mr. Paine has done himself great honor in his verdict on the fate of LOUIS the XVI. and has therein expressed the sentiments of nine-tenths of The People of the United States; who, with the liveliest emotion of pain and regret, lament the untimely end of their friend and deliverer.
WORCESTER, April 4.
The death of the unfortunate Louis XVI. will probably draw upon the French Republic the resentment of some Kingdoms, which, had it not been for that event, would have remained in a state of neutrality; so that it is hardly to be doubted that Europe will be involved in a general and very bloody War this summer.—But, although the benevolent mind cannot but be deeply affected with the misfortunes of a man who ever wished to merit the character of the Father and Friend of his people; yet it is far from being desirable that despotic power should prevail against the cause of Freedom; and it must still be hoped, that the French nation will be able to establish a form of government which will effectually secure the rights of man.
STOCKBRIDGE (Mass.) April 2.
The accounts respecting the murder of Louis XVI. appear to be so well attested, that humanity has not one cheating ray of hope to enliven a probability that the intelligence is founded in error. The cruel and unjust assassination of the late unfortunate Monarch, must stamp indelible infamy on the transactions of that ferocious party who, at present, sway a many-headed monster of power in the Gallic Nation—while history records the unjust and bloody deed, an indignant posterity will execrate the authors of it, to the latest period of time. Those vehicles of abuse in our own country, which are constantly employed in reviling the American Government, and aspersing the characters of its ablest supporters, its real and only friends, have already begun to croak their applause on the occasion, and to echo the buzzards of the "cut throats" of Paris, at the melancholy exit of Louis.—To steel the heart against every generous and humane feeling—to bar the avenue to pity itself, the crimes of despotism and tyranny, are, by them, attached to the character of our late good ally and friend.—The exercise of hereditary power was by birth allotted to the monarch, but a tyrannical use of it was never laid to his charge, till party vengeance deprived him of that freedom whose birth he cherished—till malignant fury exiled him from the sweets of domestic life, and limited the sphere of his liberty, to the confines of a prison yard. In the first stages of the French Revolution, Louis avowed himself a friend to liberty—and, at his positive command, the Nobles and Bishops were incorporated with the representatives of the people, one Assembly.—'Tis true, at a dark period, when it seemed the determination of a violent party to sacrifice almost every moderate man, almost every owner of extensive possessions, Louis was persuaded to seek safety by flight—this seems to be the only material charge supported against him on his late trial, where his Judges were his accusers. But it will be remembered, that at that period, many of the promoters of liberty, some of the most celebrated Gallic patriots, thought their only safety consisted in a voluntary exile from their native country. The late French King undoubtedly had faults, but they were such as gratitude ought to have confined to oblivion, in consideration of the most important services rendered to his country in the cause of freedom—and to the candid and unprejudiced, who view objects not through the medium of passion and party, his death must appear a sacrifice to the dictates of savage, unrelenting barbarism, notwithstanding the apologetic bestowed upon his assassins, by the defamers and slanderers of our own free and happy government.
Americans adore liberty, and justly estimate the excellent constitution which, thro' the voice of their freely elected delegates, was formed for the protection and security of every blessing which freemen hold dear. The use of that power which they have entrusted to their rulers, has been such as to afford high satisfaction to the majority of the citizens of
the American Republic, although a set of unprincipled slanderers, have made the Government, its operations, and the officers acting under it, the themes of their defamatory abuse, from its commencement to the present day.—The views of this Government defaming cabal, seem extended only to the promotion of anarchy and confusion—every blow aimed at real good order and rational liberty, is trumpeted by them as a deed of patriotism—every false construction of the true intent and meaning of the laws, and every essay to mislead the uninformed mind, is celebrated with all the pomp and parade of levelling eloquence.—While on the other hand, those who are friendly to the administration of a wise, free, energetic government, are stiled the abettors of despotism, favourers of absolute, uncontrolled power, and charged with a design of forging yokes for necks of freemen.—Even the humane regret which has been expressed for the unmerited, undeserved fate of LOUIS XVI. is declared criminal, while the blood-seeking dagger of the assassin, is denominated the sword of regenerating, French freedom—Pretended astonishment is expressed that AMERICANS can regret the fate of a Tyrant—the fate of a Tyrant is not the subject of regret—but the misfortunes of a Monarch whose heart was ever softened at the sight of misery, and whose good intentions for the welfare of his people were once the theme of their universal applause, and whose interference in their favor in a day of political darkness and gloom, surely demands ONE GENEROUS SIGH, ONE MANLY TEAR.
But astonishment and horror may both be justly excited, when a Marat, a Robespierre, and a Thuriot* can find applauders in this, or in any other civilized country. Yet the source from whence it springs, will undoubtedly issue new encomiums on the conduct of Philip Equality,† and dub him as the first of patriots, for his late violation of every feeling that does honor to the human heart—and if so, may we not rationally conclude, that to obtain the praises of whiskey-men , acting in opposition to the laws of our country, neither fathers, brothers, or sons, would escape the lash of the vilest abuse, even if they should not be subjected to the power of assassins.—Time will operate conviction—and the community at length be enabled (if they are not already) to distinguish between the friends of well regulated liberty, order and justice, and the abettors of tumult, anarchy and confusion—the former will be rewarded with additional confidence, and the latter meet the contempt and scorn they richly merit.
* Three furious anarchists, and members of the French Convention. † Formerly Duke of Orleans, and Uncle to the late French King.
NEW-YORK, April 10.
We understand that there are letters received in this city from Dublin, per the Atalanta, which mention that General Dumourier had taken Rotterdam from the Dutch. Captain Hawley makes no mention of this particular.
Yesterday as one of the Elizabethtown ferry boats was crossing the bay, he accidentally sunk; several persons who were on board were taken up and saved; but Mrs. Maclean, wife of Mr. Charles Maclean, grocer at White-hall Dock, being in the cabin was unfortunately drowned.
For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES.
THE ocean has been always infested by certain ominous birds, known to the American sailors by the name of Mother Carey's Chickens. Previous to a storm, they often surround a ship, with the most discordant accents, chattering, screaming, scolding and singing. Ill weather and ill luck always follow. The stoutest seamen are terrified at their appearance, and no one dares to climb the shrouds, or even to handle a rope, while they continue around the ship. Not Davy Jones, the demon of the waters, inspires more terror than these boding chatters. The horror and detestation with which they are viewed, has hitherto prevented an accurate investigation of their shape, size, and nature. But we are informed that a certain great modern philosopher and politician, has lately got a small brood of them into his possession. He finds they are of the same species as the Parrot, and are readily taught to utter any articulate sounds, which they will repeat with incessant chattering—though he is not yet able to discover, whether they have any comprehension of the meaning. He also finds that they possess the power of divination in a greater degree than the holy Chickens which were preferred with such attention by the College of Augurs, in ancient Rome.—We understand that he means speedily to publish an accurate description of these extraordinary animals, together with a volume of the oracles they have uttered, while in his coop, which he considers as far superior to the Sibylline oracles, or to any of the antient prophecies once revered, but now happily exploded by modern philosophy. He intends also to stuff the skin of the largest, after the mode invented by Monsieur Vailant, and present it to Mr. Peale's Museum. Every lover of natural history, and particularly of ornithology, waits with impatience for these interesting productions. In the mean time, the public may receive some further light on the subject, from the following
Extract of a letter, dated on board the Federal Ship, in the Latitude of Philadelphia.
"DEAR SIR, "Last night, as we were going on under an easy sail, after most of the crew were turned in, we were all at once alarmed by a most horrid noise, and found ourselves surrounded by Mother Carey's Chickens. While the sounds were distant, they resembled the notes of a Jack-Ass, who had learned to imitate the tunes of a Caterwauling—but as they ap-
proached nearer, we were astonished to hear a variety of articulate sounds, repeated with as much rapidity as the speeches of King George in Peter Pindar.—Amidst all the confusion, we could distinguish the words—"Aristocrat! Aristocrat! Hell of Monarchy! Sash and Ribband! Apollon son of Belial! Treasury Blood-sucker! Light out of Chaos! Poor Soldier! Liberty and Equality! Down with the President! Down with the Aristocrats! &c." Our crew turned out with the utmost consternation—some crept under the hatches; one of the officers proposed to fire all the cannon in the ship—but he was assured by the old seamen, that these birds were sacred to the furies, and that our instant destruction would be the consequence of any hostile attack. Jemmy Turncoat ran below deck with a hatchet, in a fit of delirium, and would have scuttled the ship, if he had not been prevented by his comrades. Others walked up and down the deck, wringing their hands, and making the most doleful speeches imaginable.—But the Captain and most of the officers continued firm and steady—it was agreed that we should lie too and wait the event. The Chickens growing bolder, advanced to the sides of the ship. One of them exclaimed, that he was a member of the honorable order of the Goose, lately instituted in honor of the Goose who saved the Capitol, and that he was to be placed as a guard in the Federal City—he displayed two feathers in his tail, as the insignia of his office. Another alighted on the bow-sprit, and began to address us in a set speech, as follows:—"Arrah by my shoul, Citizens and Citeffes!"—But having a touch of the brogue, he made such horrid work in pronouncing the words Citizen and Citeffes, that even they who were most terrified, could not refrain from laughing. One clapping his wings at the southward of the ship, warbled out an hymn to Pocahontas, the tutelary Saint of Virginia, who presided at the Federal Election. One being mounted on the main-mast, sung in mournful notes the death and apotheosis of Peter Pendulum—after which he announced himself as King killer General, and affirmed that Paine and Petion acted solely by his inspiration. At length, at a given signal, they all rose on the wing, and went off singing Lillibullero in concert, leaving behind, like the harpies, a most terrible stench, and our decks all covered with their ordure. We have ever since had dangerous weather, and there is every appearance of a storm from the south. We trust, however, to be able to weather the squall, and so God send the good ship to her destined port. Your's, &c."
The publisher of the foregoing letter adds, that in his opinion, these ill-boding Chickens are the same creatures as the Grecian Harpies, whom they resemble completely in manners, habits, and the prophetic spirit. In proof of which he refers us to Virgil's description of them, in the 3d book of the Aeneid.
FROM THE NORTH-CAROLINA JOURNAL.
Mr. HODGE, The writer of the following lines is no friend to Kings: He is the friend of human life. He however considers his country under obligations to the last King of the French, and in common with the free, the dispassionate and the grateful of his countrymen, pays forth the tribute of respectful pity to the manes of the de-colated Monarch. In common also with the philosopher, the philanthropist, and the politician, he declares his indignation and his sorrow are equally awakened, that the progress of Liberty should be disgraced with the blood of a King, whose errors have arisen more from situation than from principle.
DEATH OF LOUIS XVI.
THEE, King of Sorrows, shall my verse bewail* Tho' France an impious hand may raise, Thou shalt not want the Stranger's praise, Who marks, with Pity's pen, thy melancholy tale. Sad Monarch, like Darius great and good, Like him abandon'd, left by all, Who stand aloof, and see thee fall— Fall from thy high estate and welter in thy blood.† Imagination, borne on rapid wing, Flies o'er the broad Atlantic wave, Starts at thy undeceived grave, And vents her anguish for the martyr'd King. She sees, around the crimson'd scaffold stand, Democracy with furious eye, Delirious Rage, pale Jealousy, While joyous Murder crowns her regicidal band. Fair Freedom, watchful of her hallow'd fame, Grieves to behold the purple flood— She sees her footsteps stain'd with blood, And hides her blushes at the deed of Shame. In Sorrow's prison, by Distress laid low, The frantic QUEEN despairing lies. Hark! to the desolating cries! Loud she laments, "nor small her cause of woe."‡ COLUMBUS, too, shall raise the trophied urn, (By Love, Compassion, Gratitude, Invited from the rabble rude) And wander o'er, her Royal Friend to mourn. Sleep, LOUIS, sleep in dust profound, And, with thy short life's varied woes, May cruel Hate and Madnefs close, Nor black Revenge defame, nor Malice foam around. Halifax, April 1.
NOTES AND IMITATIONS.
* Thee, Queen of pathos, shall my proud verse hail. Delia Crulca. † He sang Darius, great and good, By too severe a fate, Fallen, fallen, fallen, fallen, Fallen from his high estate, And weltering in his blood, Defeated at his utmost need, By those his former bounty fed. ‡ I am sad. Nor small is my cause of woe. Ovidian. Dryden.
Philadelphia, April 13.
The Atalanta, Hawley, from London, and the New-York, Smith, from Dublin, are arrived at New-York, but do not bring later advices than those by the Adriana, from Liverpool.
The Captain of a French privateer which boarded the New-York off Falmouth, informed Capt. Smith that the late Queen of France had been poisoned.
Captain Robinson, arrived at Baltimore from Marseilles, says that the rejoicings on account of the execution of Louis the XVIth continued three weeks at Marseilles.
By accounts just received from Georgia, it appears that a body of Indians from Florida had crossed the line, and committed depredations and murders in that state. Two stores have been plundered by them of property to a considerable amount, and the store-keepers and other persons murdered. The Indians were pursued, but escaped to Florida with their plunder.
Speaking of the defamers of the late King of France in this country, a writer in a Baltimore paper says—I will only observe, that there will be found in all countries, and at all periods, to the disgrace of humanity, men, who will be ready to do the duties of the executioner, let the condemned be guilty or innocent.
Thursday last the Legislature of this State adjourned to August next.
We hear that the furniture of Lord Baltimore's Theatre has been purchased for the New Company here, and that it is received by the George Barclay.
Passengers in the ship George Barclay, Captain Collet, from London.
Mr. and Mrs. Parker, Mr. Carr, Mr. Whitefides, Mr. Mellis, Mr. May, Mr. Hall, Mr. Choice, Mr. and Mrs. Chapman, Mr. Hill, Mr. Powell, sen. Mr. Powell, jun. Mr. Bowick, Mr. and Mrs. Redman, Miss M. Redman, Miss A. Redman, Miss C. Redman, Mr. Chapman, jun. Miss Chapman, and a number of stateroom passengers.
Passengers in the harmony, from London. Mr. Devonald, Mr. Galpin, Mr. Farnold, Mr. Fry and Lady, Mr. Sargan, Mr. Gill, Mr. Draper, Mr. Balton, Mr. Handling, Mr. Sibald, his Lady and five children, and several others.
FAT OXEN.
Wednesday last, two extraordinary fine Oxen were exhibited in the streets of this city.—They were fattened by Mr. James Cooper, of New-Jersey, and weighed at the Northern Liberty scales in the presence of Mr. Michael Wolf.
The first weighed 2448lb. The second 2240 Total 4688lb.
They are to be slaughtered, and the beef sold in the Pennsylvania market this day, at stalls No. 34 and 37.
At the present interesting period, the following account of the number of English square miles in the several Governments of Europe, may be useful.
[From A. F. W. CROMIE's "New Commercial Map of Europe."]
   Eng. square miles. Eng. square miles.     England 66,444 Denmark 17,596   Scotland 32,844 Norway 152,444   Ireland 32,438 Iceland 50,887   Portugal 37,267 Sweden 282,403   Spain 202,046 Russia 1,593,345   France 217,777 Poland 218,866   Switzerland 30,819 Courland 5,596   Italy (without the Islands) 96,873 Prussia 26,394   Sicily 12,544 Gallizia and Lodomeria 26,133   Sardinia 9,582 Hungary (with the Bukowina) 95,354   Corfica 4,219 Turkey in Eu- 163   Malta 163 rope 248,495   Holland 13,611 Crimea 33,173   Germany 261,233  
ARRIVED at the FORT of PHILADELPHIA.
Ship Camilla, Williams, Dublin Brig Molly, Raper, Port-au-Prince Pomona, Baird, Falmouth (G. B.) Hope, Luce, Boston Polly, Stephens, Curacoa Howland, St. Marc
PRICE OF STOCKS.
6 per Cents, 17/6 3 per Cents, 9/10 Deferred, 10/6 Full shares Bank U. S. 8 per cent. prem
TO THOSE CONCERNED IN MILLS IN THE UNITED STATES.
OLIVER EVANS, late of the state of Delaware, informs the public, that he has removed to Philadelphia, No 437, North Second street, where he will thankfully receive any applications for the use of his Patent Improvements on Mills, and the art of manufacturing Flour. He will furnish those who are not sufficiently acquainted with the principles of his improvements, with drawings and descriptions, that will enable them to erect all the different machines necessary to perform the operations of cleaning, grinding, bolting, and of bolting over the middlings or coarse meal, and grinding it over with the grain, so as to finish all together, thereby making the greatest quantity of superfine flour that the grain will produce at one operation.—He has been at much expense in collecting the different and most approved contrivances of mills and plans for bolting, and the quality, size, and manner of dressing the mill-stones, suitable to the power of the mill, and quality of the grain: and will assist in planning mills from the foundation, and make drawings thereof, if required. He has for sale, Boulting Cloths and Mill-Stones, of the first quality, at the lowest prices, which he will warrant. If the stones prove not good, they will be received again, and the cost of carriage paid. Those who apply for either stones or cloths, will please to mention the power of the mill, size of the bolting-reels, quality of the grain, and on what business it is to run. Orders by post, or otherwise, will be as punctually attended to as if the parties were present. Philadelphia, April 13. 12W3W

For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES.
THOUGHTS ON THE STATE OF AMERICAN INDIANS. (Continued from No. 78, of this Gazette.)
No. 111.
ANOTHER cause which has retarded the progress of society and manners among the Indians, arises from the diminution of their numbers. Whatever has contributed in any degree to this effect, has an indirect influence in preventing their improvement—These incidental causes are derived from the decay of the sources of subsistence—the multiplication of wars—the use of spirituous liquors, and the introduction of new diseases. The ordinary employments of a people must be overstocked, before they will turn their attention to other species of industry—and the common sources of subsistence must be exhausted, before they will seek to procure other means of support. The pressing calls of hunger only can excite a spirit of enterprize and innovation among a people naturally ignorant, and averse from any kind of employment that requires much labor and confinement.
A nation of hunters, in the ordinary progress of society, must become too numerous to subsist upon the ordinary product of the chase, before they will become shepherds, or seek subsistence from the soil—These different stages in society naturally succeed in order, as population increases and a larger fund of provision becomes requisite—The same extent of country which is necessary to support a few hunters, will maintain a larger proportion of shepherds, and a still greater number of husbandmen.
The increase of the human species is, in all ordinary cases, in proportion to the means of subsistence. A favorable climate, a fertile soil, easy means of procuring food, provision for the aged and infirm, and simplicity of taste and manners, encourage marriage, and rapidly accelerate the multiplication of mankind—The same causes produce the same effect in the civil and savage state—In proportion as these operate, they multiply and progress towards civilization. The history of the population of Egypt, of India, of China, of Greece, of Rome, and particularly of all new-settled countries, illustrate and confirm these remarks.
Hunting and fishing are the principal sources of support among savage nations—the latter affords a more easy, certain and plentiful supply than the former—It is on this account, that in all new countries the coasts and branches of large rivers are stored with inhabitants—Islands for the same reason are more populous in proportion to their extent, than countries of the same dimensions on the continent. At the time of the discovery of this country, the natives drew their support principally from these two sources—The whole coast and the banks of rivers were then peopled—and the remaining monuments of their towns, and the rude instruments of art which are daily discovered, prove that their numbers were very considerable—The frequent emigrations and rapid increase of the whites, soon disturbed the settlements of the natives, and finally removed them from the coast.—Thus the general settlement of this country utterly cut off one source of the Indians' support; and the growing improvement and cultivation of the country, have ever since been diminishing and impoverishing the other—To these we may add the influence of a more unfavorable climate, in increasing the necessity of further and more difficult precautions to defend themselves against the inclemency of the seasons—in augmenting the necessity of a larger support while at the same time it diminishes the sources of supply, by lessening the number, size, and nutritive virtue of the animals which furnish it—and by rendering it more difficult to procure them.
It is unnecessary to enter into a detail of the innumerable evils which have resulted from the diminution
of those sources from which they formerly must have derived an easy and abundant subsistence.
The increased difficulty and uncertainty of procuring food, must necessarily render them averse from the incumbrance of a family—marriage becomes less desirable, and children become a burden rather than an ornament and blessing—the quality of their food is impoverished—is less favorable to propagation, and yields less nutriment to the offspring.
A scarcity of game also exposes them to the miseries of famine, and unfavorable seasons subject them to numberless evils and inconveniences which they cannot foresee, and against which they are unable to provide—The necessity of spending more time in the chase than when game was more plenty, gives an unfavorable complexion to their manners—renders them more ferocious—less susceptible of the feelings of humanity, and more insensible to the allurements of civilized life.
Morse's Geography,
Revised, corrected, and greatly enlarged, with many additional Maps, well engraved.
In a few weeks will be published, By THOMAS and ANDREWS, Faust's Statue, No. 45, Newbury-Street, Boston, In Two Volumes, large Octavo.
A NEW Edition of the AMERICAN GEOGRAPHY: Being the largest and the best system of GEOGRAPHY ever published: Or a complete GEOGRAPHY of the WORLD, brought down to the present time.
IN TWO PARTS. The General Contents are— PART I.—Of Astronomy, as connected with, and introductory to the science of Geography: under this head will be given an account of the several astronomical systems of the World, and a particular description of the true one. A table of the diameters, periods, &c. of the several Planets in the solar system—an account of the Comets and fixed stars.
Of GEOGRAPHY—its use and progress—figure, magnitude and motion of the Earth—Doctrine of the Sphere—Geographical circles—Divisions of the Earth into zones and climates—methods of finding the latitude and longitude of places from celestial observations—Globes, and their use—with a number of the most useful and entertaining Geographical Problems and Theorems—Maps, and their use—sources of heat and cold—theory of the winds and tides—length of miles in different countries—natural divisions of the Earth—account of the Georgian or new style, &c.
AMERICA—Its discovery by Columbus—general description of the Continent, in which is a lengthy discussion of the question, When, whence, and by whom, was America first peopled? With a long and entertaining account of the Indians, and the late discoveries on the north-west coast, &c.—NORTH AMERICA—chronological account of its discovery and settlements, its divisions—DANISH AMERICA, BRITISH AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA—general description of them, including a history of the late war, and many other useful and entertaining matters. SOUTH AMERICA—its divisions, particular description of its several provinces and countries. WEST INDIA ISLANDS, &c.
** This part of the work will be illustrated by maps of the countries described, from the correctest copies.
PART II.—Containing every thing essential which is contained in the best and latest quarto edition of Guthrie's and other British Geographies, with selections from celebrated navigators, travellers and respectable authors of other nations, &c.
Of EUROPE in general—its grand divisions, particular geographical descriptions of its several Kingdoms and Republics, &c. Of ASIA—its situation, boundaries, general history, particular descriptions of its several divisions, &c. Of AFRICA—its general history, boundaries, grand divisions, &c. Also, new discoveries, Terra Incognita, Geographical Table, alphabetically arranged—Chronological Table of remarkable events, discoveries and inventions, list of men of learning and genius, with other useful miscellany.
** This part will also be illustrated with maps of the countries described.
TO THE PUBLIC.
THE Author is sensible that the first edition of his American Geography (which makes Part I. of the above work) was in many instances defective, in others erroneous, and in some offensive. It has been his endeavour, as it was his desire, in the present edition, to supply the deficiencies, correct the errors, and meliorate the offensive parts of the last. To assist him in this business, he has received many valuable communications from the heads of departments in the general government, and from gentlemen of respectability in the several states. The description of foreign countries (which composes Part II. of the above work) has been carefully compiled from the most approved writers on Geography, and useful information introduced from the discoveries of the latest Navigators, Travellers, and respectable authors. Indeed, no pains nor expense have been spared to render this work the most complete, accurate, and useful of any ever offered to the public.
TICKETS
In the FEDERAL CITY LOTTERY, May be had at SAMUEL COOPER's Ferry.
BANK OF THE UNITED STATES.
RESOLVED, THAT any person residing in Europe, who shall authorize the President, Directors and Company of the Bank of the United States, to receive annuities, or interest arising from the public debt of the United States of America, shall from time to time have authority to draw on the said President, Directors and Company, to the amount of the monies by them received, which drafts shall be paid without deduction and free of expense—Or,
The President, Directors and Company, if requested, will remit the monies by them received to any part of Europe, free of expense and without deduction, in Bills of Exchange at their current value, and at the risk of the person to whom the same shall be remitted.
By the President and Directors, JOHN KEAN, Cashier.
City of Washington.
JANUARY 7th, 1793.
A NUMBER of Lots in this City will be offered for sale at auction, by the Commissioners, on the 17th day of September next. One fourth part of the purchase money is to be paid down, the residue at three equal annual payments with yearly interest on the whole principal unpaid.
JOHN M. GANTT, Clerk to the Comrs. Extract of an Act of the General Assembly of Maryland, concerning the Territory of Columbia, and the City of Washington.
"Be it enacted, That any foreigner may by deed or will, hereafter to be made, take and hold lands within that part of the said Territory which lies within this State, in the same manner as if he was a citizen of this State; and the same lands may be conveyed by him, and transmitted to and be inherited by his heirs or relations, as if he and they were citizens of this State: Provided, That no foreigner shall, in virtue hereof, be entitled to any further or other privilege of a citizen."
Jan. 19. tf
DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA, to wit.
BE IT REMEMBERED, That on the thirteenth day of March, in the seventeenth year of the Independence of the United States of America, Thomas Dobson, of the said District, hath deposited in this Office, the Title of a Book, the Right whereof he claims as Proprietor, in the words following, to wit.
"An Enquiry how far the Punishment of Death is necessary in Pennsylvania. With Notes and Illustrations. By William Bradford, Esq. To which is added, an Account of the Gaol and Penitentiary House of Philadelphia, and of the interior Management thereof. By Caleb Lownes, of Philadelphia. If we enquire into the Causes of all human Corruptions, we shall find that they proceed from the Impunity of Crimes, and not from the Moderation of Punishments."—Montesq.
In conformity to the Act of the Congress of the United States, intitled, "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the Copies of Maps, Charts and Books, to the Authors and Proprietors of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned."
SAMUEL CALDWELL, Clerk of the District of Pennsylvania.
The above work is sold in Charleston by William Price Young: Richmond, by Archibald Currie: Baltimore, by James Rice: New-York, by Thomas Allen: Boston, by David West.
Vinall's Arithmetic.
THE Second Edition of this work, with improvements, will speedily be put to press. The rapid sale of the first edition*, greatly beyond the author's most sanguine expectations, encourages him to print a second edition. He intends to have it printed upon much better paper than the former, and with a new type.
Those Booksellers who wish to take a number of copies in sheets, are requested to apply to the author for particulars.
* 1000 Copies. At a meeting of the SCHOOL COMMITTEE, February 5th, 1793.
The Committee, appointed to examine "The Preceptor's Assistant, or Student's Guide," being a systematical treatise of Arithmetic, by JOHN VINALL, teacher of the Mathematics & Writing, in Boston, reported, that they have attended that service, and are of opinion, that the work is executed with judgment, and is as well calculated for the use of schools, counting houses, and private families, as any of the same compass that has hitherto been offered to the public.
VOTED, That the above report be accepted, and that Mr. VINALL be furnished with a copy of it, whenever he shall desire it.
Copy of the Records. Attest, CHARLES BULFINCH, Sec'y.
The following character of the above work, is given in the Review of the Massachusetts Magazine, for Jan. 1793:
"This is a very useful work, and is no ill proof of the judgment and industry of the author. The rules are laid down with propriety, and the examples annexed are sufficient for their illustration. One part of the work deserves particular commendation. We mean that which the author files "Mercantile Arithmetic." It occupies a considerable portion of his book, but not more than its importance will justify. We would recommend to the young Arithmetician to pay a particular attention to this branch. He will find its principles well explained. And should he make himself master of them, he will always have reason to acknowledge his obligation to the judicious and laborious author. We cannot but congratulate the rising generation on account of the many useful productions which have lately appeared; and in which their improvement has been principally consulted. Among those productions we must place this treatise of Arithmetic. We should be wanting in justice to the author, should we not acknowledge that his work is in reality that which its title imports—The PRECEPTOR'S ASSISTANT, or STUDENT'S GUIDE."
Boston, Feb. 13. I. C. A. A. A. S.
Wanted to complete files of this Gazette numbers 79 and 80—Six pence each will be paid by the Editor for a few of those numbers.
ADVERTISEMENT.
NOTICE is hereby given, That the Commissioners appointed by the Board of Trustees of the University of North-Carolina, will attend at the town of Hillsborough, on the 18th, 19th and 20th days of April next, for the purpose of receiving proposals from such persons as may be disposed to undertake the Buildings of the University.
FREDERICK HARGETT, Chairman.
PHILADELPHIA, January 9, 1793.
Mathew Carey
Respectfully informs the Citizens of the United States, that the Maps for his intended edition of
Guthrie's Geography
IMPROVED. Are now engraving—and as soon as a sufficient number of them are finished, to secure a regular supply during the publication, which will probably be early next Spring, the work will be put to press.
He returns his acknowledgments to the very respectable number of Subscribers, who have come forward thus early to patronize this arduous undertaking. He assures them and the public in general, that no pains or expense shall be spared in the execution of the work.
Terms of the Work:
1. IT shall be published in 48 weekly numbers, each containing three sheets, or twenty-four pages, of letter press, in quarto, printed with new types on fine paper.
II. In the course of the work will be delivered about thirty large maps, of the same size as those in the European editions, viz. most of them sheet maps on post paper.
III. Besides the maps in the British editions, this work will contain nine or ten American State Maps.
IV. The price of each number will be a quarter dollar, to be paid on delivery.
V. No advance required.
VI. Subscribers who disapprove of the work, on the publication of the three first numbers, are to be at liberty to return them, and shall have their money repaid.
VII. The subscribers' names shall be prefixed as patrons of the undertaking.
** Subscriptions received in Philadelphia by the intended publisher; in New-York, by all the booksellers; in New-Haven, by Mr. Beers; in Hartford, by Mr. Patten; in Boston, by Messrs. Thomas & Andrews, and by Mr. West; in Baltimore, by Mr. Rice; in Richmond, by Mr. J. Carey; in Charleston, by Mr. W. P. Young, and by sundry other persons throughout the United States. (to wit)
An Ordinance for securing the punctual Payment of the Monies due on the Subscriptions to the Society for establishing Useful Manufactures.
WHEREAS doubts have heretofore arisen with regard to the power of the Society to annex any penalties to the non-payment of the instalments, agreeably to the terms of the subscriptions. And whereas the Legislature at their last sessions, passed a supplement to the original law of incorporation, removing the said doubts, and fully authorizing the Directors to pass any ordinance they may think proper, to compel the punctual payment of the said subscriptions.
Sec. 1. Be it ordained, therefore, by the Governor and Directors of the Society for establishing Useful Manufactures, That if any subscriber or his assigns, shall neglect to pay the second payment of his, her, or their respective subscriptions, together with the lawful interest arising thereon, either to the cashier of the United States Bank Office of Discount and Deposit, at New-York, the cashier of the Bank of New-York, the cashier of the Bank of the United States, in Philadelphia, or John Bayard, Esq. in the city of New-Brunswick, in the state of New-Jersey, on or before the thirteenth day of April next; That then and in that case, all and every share or shares of such person or persons so neglecting to make such payments as aforesaid, and the monies by them previously paid, shall be forfeited, and forever thereafter vested in the said Directors, and their successors, for the common benefit of the said Society.
Sec. 2. And be it further ordained by the authority aforesaid, That if any subscriber, or his assigns shall neglect to pay the third payment of his, her, or their respective subscriptions, together with the lawful interest arising thereon, on or before the thirteenth day of May next. That then and in that case all and every share or shares of such person or persons so neglecting to make such payments as aforesaid, and the monies by them previously paid, shall be forfeited, and forever thereafter vested in the said Directors, and their successors, for the common benefit of the said Society.
Sec. 3. And be it further ordained by the authority aforesaid, That if any subscriber, or his assigns shall neglect to pay the fourth payment of his, her, or their respective subscriptions, on or before the thirteenth day of July next, that then and in that case, all and every share or shares of such person or persons, so neglecting to make such payments as aforesaid, and the monies by them previously paid, shall be forfeited, and forever thereafter vested in the said Directors, and their successors, for the common benefit of the said Society.
NICHOLAS LOW, Governor.
Passed at New-Ark, 20th February, 1793. (Counterigned) ELISHA BOUDINOT, Secretary pro tempore.
BE IT KNOWN, that the proportion of specie which may be paid on the respective payments of every original share, by such Stockholders as prefer paying a moiety of said share in specie, in lieu of deferred debts, is as follows Dols. Ct.
On the 13th of April, 1793, with interest from 13th July, 1792, 7 6c
On the 13th of May, 1793, with interest from 13th January, 1793, 7 8c
On the 13th of July, 1793, 8 0c
Stockholders in the said Society are hereby notified, that I, the subscriber, am duly authorized to make the requisite indorsements upon the certificates of shares which they may respectively hold, and that books of transfer are opened at my office, in Front-Street, New-York.
NICHOLAS LOW.
February 21, 1793. 12W173N.