The New-York journal, and weekly register (New-York [N.Y.]), 1788-11-13 00:00:00

The New-York Journal, and Weekly Register.
NUMB. 1725, of VOL. XLII.]
THURSDAY, November 13, 1788.
[Total NUMB. 2374.]
HERE TRUTH UNLICENSED REIGNS; AND DARES ACCOST—EVEN KINGS THEMSELVES, OR RULERS OF THE FREE. Thompson's Liberty.
NEW-YORK: Printed and Published by THOMAS GREENLEAF, at the PRINTING-OFFICE, No. 25, WATER-STREET.
Just Published by M. CAREY, At Philadelphia, and to be SOLD By THOMAS ALLEN, Book-Seller, in Queen-Street, New-York (By whom Subscriptions are received) The American Museum, For SEPTEMBER, 1788. CONTAINING, Miscellanies.
LETTER from an European traveller in America, Letter on marriage, Letter on education, Letter on politeness, Remarks on dissipation, Address to the friends of religion, morality, and useful knowledge, Characteristics of a good assembly-man, Extract from a masonic discourse, Origin of the island of Nantucket, Anecdote of an Indian.
Rural Concerns. Letters relative to the Hessian fly, Advantage of shearing lambs, Culinary method of making pot-ash in New-York, Directions for making cyder.
Law Information. Statement of an interesting law case, decided in Pennsylvania, Statement of a cause decided in Charleston, Statement of a cause decided in London.
On Spiritous Liquors. Dialogue between a sword and a hoghead of spirits, Remarks on spiritous liquors, Evil effects of the great consumption of spiritous liquors.
On Militia Laws. Mischievous effects of militia laws, Further remarks on militia laws, Memorial of the Quakers of Pennsylvania against the militia laws.
Politics. Observations on the new constitution, Speech of the Hon. Charles Pinckney, Esq. Result of the proceedings of the convention of North-Carolina, Proceedings of the late meeting at Harrisburg, A British prophecy, Remarks on the commerce of Philadelphia.
Revolutional Papers. Speech of his Excellency Gov. Livingston, in 1777, Gen. Washington's farewell orders to the armies of America, Answer to the above orders, General Washington's final address to Congress, Answer of Congress, Farmer's letters.—No. I. The American Crisis.—No. II.
Interesting Tables. Exports from Charleston, of the crops of 1784 and 1785, Enumeration of the vessels wherein were exported the crops of South-Carolina, of 1784, 1785, and 1786, Exports of Georgia, in 1755, 1760, 1765, 1770, and 1772, Value of the exports of Georgia for eighteen years, Number of vessels cleared out of Georgia from 1755 to 1772, Exports from New-York between July 5, 1765, and July 5, 1766, Exports from America to the British West-India islands, Exports from Philadelphia, in 1765, 1771, 1772, 1773, 1784, and 1787, Number of vessels entered at the custom-house, Philadelphia in 1786 and 1787, Number of vessels entered at the custom-house, Bolton, Number of taxable inhabitants in Pennsylvania, Number of inhabitants in New-York, American intelligence.
Poetry. Pindaric ode on friendship, The morning inviaton, An eulogy,
Just PUBLISHED, and to be Sold at this OFFICE, No. 25, Water-street, The American Calculator, or Counting-House COMPANION, CONTAINING,
A TABLE, ascertaining the value of sundry coins in gold, as regulated by the Chamber of Commerce in this city, and shewing at one view, their value in the several currencies of New-York, North-Carolina, and Great-Britain. A Collection of Tables, shewing, at one view, the amount of any number (under 10,000) of Dollars, French and English Crowns, Half Joes, French and English Guineas, &c. as they pass through the United States. a Table of Guineas, as they pass in England and Ireland. Rules for the ready reducing the currencies of the United-States, from the currency of one state into the currency of any other of the United States; and for reducing the currencies of the United-States into sterling, and sterling into the currencies of the said states. Rules for reducing English Money into Irish, and Irish Money into English, according to the par of exchange between both kingdoms. Five different tables of the coins of the United-States of America, agreeable to a resolve of Congress of the 8th August, 1787, viz. a Table of Half Dollars, a Table of Dimes, a Table of Cents, and a table of Mills; calculated to render familiar the proper mode of counting said Money.
At a Meeting of the Society, for the Relief of Distressed Debtors, held at the House of Mr. John Simmons, the fourth Day of September, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight. [On emergency.]
JONATHAN LAWRANCE, Esquire, President for the Evening.
THE Committee of Visitation reporting, that from the great Number of Persons relieved, the Funds of the Society were totally exhausted. That there were several distressed Debtors in Prison, who had no other Subsistence, but what was derived from this Body; and that without such Aid, they must want the common Necessaries of Life. And the said Committee farther reporting, that it would be necessary for the Society, to procure a quantity of Fire-Wood for the Benefit of the Prisoners the ensuing Winter; and that, were the Means in the Power of the Society, the same might be purchased at present, at a very low Rate: whereupon, on Motion, it is unanimously voted, that the Clergy in this City, be earnestly requested, to preach Charity Sermons in their respective Churches, for promoting the important and benevolent Purposes of the Society. And that Doctor Rogers, Mr. Linn, Mr. Beach, and Dr. Kunze be a Committee for making the necessary Arrangements to carry the same into Effect.
Published by order of the Society. 65—t.f. W. COCK, Secretary.
By Order of the Honorable Paul Michaux, Esq. Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of the County of Richmond and State of New-York:
NOTICE is hereby given to Richard Christopher, of Nova-Scotia, in the province of New-Brunswick, an absent and non resident debtor, and to all others whom it may concern, that upon application and due proof made to the said judge (pursuant to an act of the legislature of the state of New-York, entitled, "An act for relief against absconding and absent debtors," passed the fourth day of April, 1786) by John Christopher, a creditor of the said Richard Christopher, he the said judge has directed all the said Richard Christopher's estate, real and personal, within said county to be seized; and that unless he shall discharge his debts within one year after the publication of this notice, all his estate, real, and personal, will be sold for the payment and satisfaction of his creditors. Dated this 10th day of Sept. 1788. 66—
JUST IMPORTED, In the Ship JUNO, from Havre-de-Grace, and ships PHILADELPHIA and GRACE from Amsterdam, And to be SOLD at the STORE No. 191 Queen-street, opposite Beckman's Slip, By DE LUZE DE MONTMOLLIN, and COMPANY,
A general Assortment of DRY GOODS, Consisting of the following ARTICLES, CHINTZES, Kid Gloves, Callicoes, Ribbons, Lutestrings, Hair Ribbons, Cambricks, Watches, Silk Hose, Umbrellas, &c. Also, to be sold at the above Store, Handkerchiefs, Persians, and Sarsnets. t.f.
Line of Eastern Stages.
THE Public are most respectfully informed, That, after great expence and fatigue, the subscriber, and company, have completed the line of STAGES from this city quite through to Boston. The carriages, which were before heavy and uneasy, are now all hung upon coach-springs, and do not fatigue more than a common coach. The carriage from hence to Fairfield, in particular, is a new, well constructed, easy one, which will render the journey pleasurable, instead of a toil as heretofore.
Having thus completed the line, the subscriber will commence on Monday next, the 21st instans, to run the Stages from NEW-YORK to BOSTON, THREE TIMES A WEEK, and continue it until Nov. 1, from which to May 1 twice a week.
The extraordinary cost which he has been at in completing this great work, which he doubts not will be of no small public utility, as well as private advantage and convenience, he hopes will induce many to patronize him. Any business of consequence that may be wished to be transacted between these two capitals, shall be faithfully executed.
The Stages will start from the General Stage Office, in Cortlandt Street, on the Monday, Wednesday and Friday, of every week, at four o'clock, A. M. and will arrive at said place on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, at eight o'clock, P. M. The days and hours of starting and arriving at Hartford and Boston, are the same as at New-York.
The FARE is three-pence lawful money, or four-pence New-York currency, per mile; fourteen pounds of baggage is allowed gratis; one hundred and fifty pounds of baggage pays the same as a passenger, and in that proportion.
The Public's humble servant, LEVI PEASE.
EXTRACT FROM THE JOURNAL of CONGRESS.
[Continued from our last.] Rents of buildings and West-Point.
FOR the buildings occupied in Philadelphia } 752. 60. Ditto in Virginia } 350 Ditto for the post of West-Point } 400
1502. 64 On the establishment of permanent arsenals, and the stores being collected together, the expences arising at any other places will cease.
10th—Of West-Point, on Hudson's river, and its dependencies.
Congress, by their resolution of the 3d of Aug. 1786, directed that this post, together with so much land, contiguous thereto, as might be deemed necessary to be included within the limits of the garrison, should be purchased of the proprietor by the board of treasury, but this has not been effected, owing, as the committee has been informed, to the absence of said proprietor.
Fort Clinton, which is the principal work on the plain, having been slightly built for a temporary purpose, has decayed in such a manner, that unless it should be substantially repaired, it will soon become an heap of rubbish, as will also most of the redoubts which were built of timber.
To repair fort Clinton with stone in a durable manner, would require the sum of six thousand dollars, and a further sum of four thousand dollars would be requisite to place other necessary fortifications and buildings in a proper state.
These circumstances are stated for the consideration of Congress.
17th—Of the Canadian refugees.
It appears by information from the secretary at war, who has directed the business since the year 1785, that the United States for several years must have been at a great expence in supporting many Canadian families who had taken refuge within the state of New-York, when the American troops abandoned Canada in the year 1776.
The remnants of the people of this description, were transported in 1786, by order of Congress, at the public expence, to certain lands on Lake Champlain, granted to them by the state of New-York, and there supported with rations of provisions at the expence of the United States until the first of September, 1787. That the number so supplied amounted to about one hundred and seventy rations per day.
That by the resolve of Congress of the 12th of October, 1787, one year's further allowance was directed to such of the aged and infirm among the said Canadians as should be unable to make provision for themselves. The rations issued under this resolve amount to forty-five per day.
12th—Of the Indian departments.
The communications respecting the Indian departments were directed to be made to the secretary at war, by the ordinance of Congress of the 7th of August, 1786.
That it appears from the records of the office, that the said secretary has executed the duties arising in the department from time to time, and that he has arranged this branch of his duty by itself.
13th—Of the invalids.
It appears by the information of the secretary at war, that the following states only have transmitted to the war office, descriptive lists of the invalids, required by the ordinance of Congress of June 7, 1785, to wit. New-Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania and Virginia, a statement whereof, shewing the amount annually paid by each, is hereto annexed for the information of Congress.
14th—Of the army lands.
Agreeably to the directions of Congress, of the 23d of October, 1787, the secretary at war has had ascertained the claims of the non-commissioned officers and soldiers in all the regular lines of the late army and of most of the independent corps. This has been accomplished by the actual inspection of the muster rolls, and the accounts which have been settled.
The remaining part of this voluminous business is in a train of being completed in a short time.
15th—Of the war-office.
The business of the war office is conducted by the secretary at war; and three clerks and a messenger, whose salaries are as follows;
The secretary at war, 2450 Three clerks, at 450 dollars per ann. each, 1350 Messenger per annum, 130 Dollars, 3930
The contingent expences of the office for stationery, freing, candles, and necessary conveniences for the papers, are averaged on the three last years, to amount to about one hundred and seventy six dollars for each year.
The office of assistant secretary; whose salary was one thousand dollars per annum, has been discontinued in this office since the commencement of the year 1786.
The accounts of pay and subsistence of the troops are examined and certified at the pay office, and transmitted to the war office, on which the secretary at war issues his warrants for the amount on the pay master.
Regular regiments are kept in the war office of all warrants so drawn, specifying the objects for which they were granted.
Upon the foregoing statement, your committee beg leave to observe, that having carefully examined every part of it, they are of opinion, that the arrangement of the business is judicious, and that the duties of the office are executed with ability and punctuality, which reflect great honor on the secretary at war.
Your committee think it their duty further to remark, that great care appears to have been taken by the secretary to reduce the expences of his department, as well by dispensing with the office of assistant secretary formerly attached to it, and which has never been annulled by Congress, as by various economical arrangements and reforms in the other branches thereof.
From the CHRONICLE of FREEDOM: To the PUBLIC.
I HAVE long been the pointed victim of malicious rage! and long has courtly persecution darted its envenomed arrows at me! Not contented with former attacks upon the freedom of the press, the chief pillar of popular privileges in a republican government, in prosecuting me for pretended libels—new methods are completed by the filed wretches, the prostituted Tertullians of the bar, to deprive me of my personal liberty, and subject me to restraints yet unpractised on any other printer in the state besides myself, and unprecedented in America. Not satisfied too with the confinement of my person, which was so arbitrarily and unconstitutionally adjudged, as a condemner and defier of the common laws, fresh accusations have been brought forward to glut the rancid vengeance of established foes. And the Chief Justice himself, whose unfavorable sentiments of me are fixed, like the northern star of undeviating course, became the willing instrument on the occasion, to round the period of elaborate injuries. His complaint to the assistant justices is set forth in the following warrant in Pennsylvania, ff.
The commonwealth of Pennsylvania to our sheriff of our city and county of Philadelphia, to his under sheriff, deputy, and deputies, greeting:
(Seal) FORASMUCH as the Honorable Thomas M'Kean, Doctor of Laws, Chief Justice of our Supreme Court, hath complained to the other Justices of our Supreme Court, that Eleazer Oswald, of the said city of Philadelphia, printer, hath threatened to kill or beat him the said Thomas, or to do him some bodily hurt, because that he had at the Supreme Court, held at Philadelphia in July term last, adjudged him the said Eleazer Oswald to have been guilty of a contempt and sentenced him therefore to pay a fine and undergo an imprisonment; and therefore prayed surety of the good behavior against him the said Eleazer Oswald: therefore we charge and command you or one of you, that immediately upon receipt hereof you bring the said Eleazer Oswald before the said other Justices of our Supreme Court, or some, or one of them, to answer the premises, and to show cause why he should not find surety for his being of the good behavior towards us, and all our liege people, especially towards him the said Thomas M'Kean, and to be further dealt with according to law.
Witness the Hon. William Augustus Atlee, Esq. second Justice of our said Supreme Court, at Philadelphia, the 6th day of October, in the year of our Lord 1788, and in the 13th year of the Independence of the United States of America.
WILLIAM A. ATLEE, GEORGE BRYAN, JACOB RUSH.
Any attack on the privileges of freemen should not be cloistered in humble privacy. It has been the rule of my life, and I hope will continue the object of my wishes, to expose every stretch of power, encroaching on and mitigating freedom, to public view, in order that the world may decide for themselves respecting the merits of the matter. The world are seldom chameleons in their sentiments. Viewing things through a proper medium, it is the right of the public to judge, and they generally lay aside the guile and the glos of artifice, and readily discern the efforts of private individual malice, party resentment, and alarming despotism! On these principles I now beg leave to state the consequences of my surrender to the sheriff, and appearance before Judge Bryan, under the foregoing warrant. But I would previously remark that, in this business I now mean no contempt of court; and unless the feelings of my heart be much disappointed and abused indeed, by constructive explanations, I shall remain free, as I ought to be, from such imputation.
I appeared with my counsel, Mr. Sergeant, on Thursday the 9th inst. at Judge Bryan's chambers and as he wished to see the complainant, the Chief Justice, he adjourned the consideration of the subject, and held me under re-cognizance myself in 1000l. and Mr. James M'Crea, and Col. Proctor, each in 500l. for my appearance in the afternoon of the same day. When I attended, the Chief Justice made no affidavit himself in support of his complaint, as is customary under the act of assembly for binding to the peace,* but referred to the
* An act about binding to the peace. 12th William 3. "Be it enacted by the proprietor and governor, by and with the advice, &c. that whoever shall threaten the person of another to wound, kill, or destroy him, or do him any harm in person or estate, and the person so threatened shall appear before a justice of the peace and attest that he believes that by such threatening, he is in danger to be hurt in body or estate; such person so threatening as aforesaid, shall be bound over with one sufficient security, to appear at the next sessions or county court, to be holden for the county where such offence was committed, to be proceeded against according to law, and in the mean time to be of his good behaviour, and to keep the peace towards all the King's subjects."
Pennsylvania Laws, p. 4, cap. 26.

information of some puny prattlers, busy whipper- snappers, or excitable evesdroppers, whose names he chose to conceal, and paraded three witnesses, viz. Messrs. Francis, Andrew Lybott, and Levi Hartshorn, to disclose the unguarded expres- sions of a convivial moment, dropped in company in the height of gaily, in which my cool reason and reflection remained a perfect stranger. I was con- founded under recollection until the next morning. But I should do great injustice if I did not mention that the Chief Justice took occasion to except against my bail, as if his leading view was to harry and haze me down, in procuring such kind of bail as his honor would deem satisfactory. And bail on these subjects is, perhaps, the most difficult to ob- tain, when controversies are on foot with a perso- nage so high in authority as the Chief Magistrate, and whose power is so extensive and influential among every rank and order of men. Judge Bryan, on Saturday, delivered his sentiments to the fol- lowing effect:
"After hearing the testimony adduced by his Honor the Chief Justice, to support his complaint against Col. Eleazer Oswald of threatening him with bodily hurt, Judge Bryan on the 15th of October, inst. gave his sentiment to the following effect:
"The matter depends before me is a charge against Col. Eleazer Oswald, of threatening to beat or kill the Hon. the Chief Justice, because he had in his official capacity adjudged the said Eleazer to fine and imprisonment, for a contempt. It is the Chief Justice who makes this complaint, and there- upon calls for surety of the good behavior to be de- manded of Col. Oswald. For this purpose a war- rant has been issued by the three Assistant Justices of the Supreme Court to the sheriff of the county of Philadelphia, his deputy and deputies, directed for the bringing before the same Assistant Justices, or before some, or one of them, the said Col. Ol- swald, to show cause, why he, the said Eleazer Ol- swald, should not find surety accordingly to the com- monwealth, towards all the liege people thereof, and especially towards the Hon. Thomas McKean, Esq. L. L. D. Chief Justice of this Commonwealth.
"As to the law on this subject, it appears by the train of authorities and decisions upon, and since the English statute of the 34th of Edward the third, Chap. 18, that the charge against Col. Oswald, falls within the jurisdiction of a judge of the Su- preme court, as to binding him to the good beha- viour. Before this statute this preventative mode of justice, was confined to judges sitting in court, and was exercised after conviction of an offender by his peers, as part of the sentence passed upon him. And although Dr. Burn (see his excellent book, entitled, The Justice of the Peace, and Parish Officer, under the proper head) has shown by great strength of argument, that single justices of the peace, have by a most liberal and undue construc- tion of this criminal law, gradually obtained large jurisdiction concerning the good behavior, and much discretionary authority therein, which did not be- long to any keeper of the peace at common law, nor which was intended to be devolved to the justices of the peace by the makers of that statute (see Barlow, page 524) yet they have obtained it, and they have exercised it for some centuries past; and however proper and useful Dr. Burn's cautions on this head may be to gentlemen, who act as justi- ces of the peace, yet it appears to me that nothing less than a legislative declaration can now divest these magistrates of the authority. It was said that the act of the general assembly of the late province, passed in 1705, concerning binding to the peace, and the good behavior, had supplied and superced- ed the statute, and limited the jurisdiction to the case therein mentioned, but the constant course in Pennsylvania since that period, has been to follow the English precedents and practice, under the sta- tute above mentioned. Besides, the modern com- mission of the peace in England, first drawn in the year 1590, expressly supposed and assigns this pow- er to the justices of the peace, and each of them, severally.
"It must be granted, that the binding to the good behavior upon this statute (which seems to have been made to suppress the riots and disorders of disbanded soldiers) of persons accused and greatly defamed for frequenting bawdy-houses; for being the supposed fathers of bastard children; for habi- tual drunkenness; idle vagabonds, and the like, without the verdict of a jury, and at the discretion of a justice of the peace, although held out by writers on law of great character, should dispose the justi- ces to caution, to which indeed the measured words of Judge Blackstone, on this subject tends, who in- troduces what he says thereon by the expression, it is holden, that surety of the good behavior may be required of such persons. To show how authority is extended by practice, the modern usage by issu- ing warrants to apprehend felons before they be in- dicted, contrary to the ancient common law, may be instanced. Lord Coke, in his fourth institute, page 177, recolls against the innovation, but Lord Hale, who wrote in the reign of Charles the second, vindicates this assumed authority of the justices as well established by long practice, and as essential to justice, so that it ought to be supported. Hence, probably, it is from ancient usage that grand jurors, are still sworn, to keep secret, the charges brought before them, lest the accused, who in former times were not yet arrested, should get notice of the pro- secutions and flee from justice. (1st Hale's history, 579, 2d of same, 83, 107, and 110. 2d Hawkins 85.)
"It is remarkable that after Dr. Burn has so ably investigated this act of parliament, and the ju- dicial expositions of it, and has shown the extraor- dinary extent given in practice to the statute, he should subjoin, as he does, forms and precedents conformably to the modern usage under it.
"In the case of Col. Oswald, threats of the most extravagant and dangerous nature, touching the chief justice and other persons, have been proved, and these threats have been uttered with great vehe- mence. One witness says, that Col. Oswald, in his passion went so far as to declare, that if he did not get satisfaction in a legal way, for his supposed wrongs, he would raise an insurrection in the state, or to that effect. Such an outrage is of the worst example, and calls for animadversion and restraint: It is true that these threats have been denounced in the hour of intoxication and frantic passion, and that they were not believed by those who heard them, to be the effect of premeditation; nor to be such as would be executed. But it is obvious, on the other hand, that in the less guarded hours of inebriety and passion, the designs of violent tempers are disclo- sed.
"However, as the facts proved against Col. Ol- swald, though early known, were not actually com-
plained of until the sixth inst. as no new threats, nor any tendencies to the violences already threatened, have been shown; nor even charged; as the com- plainant doth not manifest any apprehension of dan- ger from Col. Oswald, but the contrary; as secu- rity for the good behavior includes security for the peace and more, and is, in its nature, more easily forfeited; and moreover, as Col. Oswald's means are known to be small, and the circumstances of the accused, in cases like this, are very important, I call upon him to become bound, himself in good lawful money of Pennsylvania, and that he find suf- ficient surety bound for him in good lawful money, for his good behavior towards the commonwealth, and every of the citizens thereof, especially towards the honorable Thomas McKean, Esq. Doctor of Laws, Chief Justice of this state, from this time, until the 15th day of August next."
11th October, 1788. Under the latitude of exposition of the statute of Edward the third, it seems that any citizen whatever is liable to imprisonment, like a disbanded soldier (of the British army) if he cannot obtain sureties for his good behavior, without personal proof being given of threats and menaces to do corporal or bodily injury to any person or his property and estate; and who has a better right to demand than the person supposing himself liable to injury? We have an act of Assembly just referred to in this busi- ness, and no great legal ingenuity is necessary to determine whether this statute should operate in Pennsylvania. It was the policy of King Edward, at the close of a long and expensive war, to prevent violences which might probably be suspected in consequence of the disbandment of the soldiery in his days, to pass the statute: and the assumed powers of the Justices in their practice in England is somewhat extraordinary. As well might the temporary conservators of the peace elected in this place by the council of safety, be quoted as preced- ents binding on the Justices of peace, constitutional- ly, afterwards, elected by the people as tortured constitutions of the statute of Edward, be consider- ed applicable to the case which is stated.
It is difficult, if not impossible, to describe the dangerous consequences resulting from these con- stractive doctrines which are absolutely maintained by judicial officers, in the exercise of their powers, whether applied to contempts, treasons, or other matters. Every person who is disliked and sus- pected by the ruling powers, by the Nimrods and Bathams of the day, to disappoint and defeat their tyranny, is at once consigned, in this line, to pun- ishment of different shades. The highest suspi- cions, the vilest lies and forgeries; every species of exparte suggestions, and unfair proceedings, are then grounds to restrain a freeman of his liberty, and to treat him with brutal violence and barbarity!
When truth is a sort of treason, and its ardent vindication is considered as libel, who will venture to speak or write about it? When plain represen- tations of party tricks are held criminal in an extreme, and publishing private grievances is contempt of court: when incautious expressions in the warmth of conversation over the table or decanter, are per- verted into cool sentiments, and sufficient to bind a citizen to good behavior, how must freedom, indulging an ardent love of their privileges, feel upon the occasion, some of whom have both courage and swords to protect their personal rights, from such unbridled insolence? Cicero well exclaimed in his days—"Immortal Heavens, in what air do we breathe—in what a city do we live—of what a state are we members? Here, here in this enlight- ened place are men who meditate my destruction, and the destruction of the common liberties!" An affection apposite to present circumstances.—Yet—
"Upon what meat doth this our Cæsar feed, That he is grown so great? Age, thou art sham'd; Rome, thou hast lost the breed of noble bloods."
One might have concluded that malevolence had gone with me as far as possible, and that human cruelty could be strained no higher. But those idolizing sycophants, those pestilential toads and temporing creatures, and bloodhounds of admin- istration, are ingenious villains; and oppression is a monster so restless and alive, that it is always crawling new butcheries and victims, and its purveyors, physicians and nurses have no sublimer engagement than to pamper it. Hence every mean and vil- lainous measure has been adopted to chase me down if possible; and my friend Andrew Brown has con- tributed his pitiful mite, perhaps to provoke my temper. I have notwithstanding suppressed my feelings, as long as human nature could endure it, and until this Demon of rancour, in various pub- lications, silly and artfully thrown together, display- ed a settled intention to injure me and my paper, were I inclined to take any notice of his invad- ious performances, I treated these suggestions of enmity with detestation and abhorrence! Nor did I think they would raise, as they were manifestly calculated, any serious impressions against me; but the repetition of them grew grievous, and called for my animadversion.
I now offer to the public attention, the true, unvarnished state of this treatment, and from the circumstances of it, let candid minds judge of his views and his object in these publications. Here permit me to step aside and observe, that when I suffered imprisonment for my publication of the first of July, it was never imagined that Mr. Brown should be privileged in this respect for publications on his part, and that he would escape the talons of power if he attempted it, especially as he was the means of my confinement, and the instrument and founder of this new-fangled law. Mr. Brown was however excused from any judicial notice for pub- lishing his prefatory address; he was neither impris- oned nor threatened with confinement—so highly was he indulged!—But I proceed to introduce the following paragraph, as evincive of the mistreatment I have received, and now complain of—printed in Hall and Sellars's paper of the 27th August last, as well as in other papers, and in hand bills:
"The active and distinguished friends of the late revolution, being very generally advocates for the new federal government, it might be expected, on account of the independent treatment which he has received from its opponents, that he would make a further claim upon them: but on this score he asks nothing: he relies on the justice of Pennsylv- ania, his cause is now before the supreme court, and he has no apprehensions but that the traducers of his character will be compelled to make ample reparation for the injury they have done him. To call these men to an account is a duty which he owes not only to his family and himself, but to those gentlemen and ladies in Pennsylvania, by whom, for near six years, he has had the honor of being employed as an instructor of youth, in vari-
ous branches of literature. He might add further, that his obligations to preserve the liberty of the press, and the repose and happiness of society, have led him to appear for justice to the laws of his coun- try; for, what service can the press render to the cause of liberty, when it is prostituted to the pur- poses of falsehood or private scandal! Or what fa- mily can be happy, while the machinations of fac- tion, or whole attacks upon individuals, which of- ten involve in them a cowardly war upon women and children, are suffered to pass with impunity!
"A more circumstantial account of the services and sufferings of the subscriber, during the late war, with some other particulars in the history of his life, will be laid before the public in due time: thus much he thought necessary to introduce on this occasion; he pledges himself to the public for the truth of what he has advanced."
Doth not this publication teem with the most un- warrantable espousals of his reputation? Is it not manifestly calculated to touch and impress the pub- lic mind respecting the cause depending against me in the supreme court, concerning which, he should have, above all persons, withheld his pen with becoming silence? Does it not lash at the vi- rals of my paper as partial, disaffected, and anti- federal.
View his introductory publication in the first fe- deral Gazette. He assumes in this an affected chal- tity of promissory deportment as a Printer, and, in oblique strokes, endeavors, in this important line, to degrade me and my paper. In the prefatory ad- dress just alluded to, announcing his determination to revive the federal Gazette, his expressions are explicit in this point as words can be. Attend to them, "indecent treatment"—"traducers of his character"—"the cause of liberty"—"the liberty of the press prostituted to private scandal, &c." Why in the name of wonder should he pronounce me a traducer, or talk of the liberty of the press and private scandal, while his action yet remains for trial; and it is the province of a jury solely to decide on these matters! why should he accompany his prefatory address with a string of recommenda- tions in support of his character before a fair trial has acquitted him of the imputations which he la- bours under? Did I give him reason for this scope of observation? Is it not levelled at the public af- fections to attach them to his legal pursuits, and affect me.
Consider his subsequent comments on the resolu- tion of the assembly on my memorial against the judges, and he breathes the same spirit of malevo- lence and provocation. And to crown his conti- nued endeavors to prejudice me in the common estimation, he misrepresents the reason of my be- ing bound to my good behavior: I aver he pur- posely misrepresents this tyrannic procedure against me; for in the very succeeding paper, he pledges himself to the public for the truth of the publication, which, in the manner he states it, is absolutely false. The whole history of this business is laid be- fore the world, and let them say, from the senti- ments Judge Bryan delivered, what respect is due to this man of truth, who asserts I was held to se- curity "for menacing to stab the justices," when the ground on which security was claimed of me, were my declarations in a social hour as before re- lated, "that I would raise an insurrection if the as- sembly did not give me satisfaction."
Mr. Brown is determined "not to enter in a paper war with me." I am indifferent about his determination on the subject: but as long as he prosecutes his civil action against me in court, I would recommend it to him, for the sake of his own peace of mind, to avoid in future any wanton, un- provoked attacks on me, my paper, or affairs. Let him pursue, if it is possible for him to govern his peevish disposition, the example of the other de- cent and generous printers in this city, who have not meddled with the business. As an enemy such forwardness doth not suit him on any principle. Satisfied I am, though my application to the leg- islature in regard to the judges, proved unsuccessful, yet my views have not proved altogether abortive, nor is the public mind altered in consequence of the resolve of the prevailing junto. The time will come, I hope, when the privileges of freemen and citizens will be more decisively explained and fix- ed than at present, by positive law; and when ju- dges will not be at liberty to punish for contumacious contempts, much less to practice under the infa- mous statutes of Edward, in binding the citizens of Pennsylvania to their good behavior.
ELEAZER OSWALD. Philadelphia, October 28, 1788.
For the NEW-YORK JOURNAL, &c. MR. GREENLEAF,
YESTERDAY was handed to me by a friend, a pamphlet, containing a collection of cases and observations published by the Medical Society of New Haven county in Connecticut, in which Dr. Ebenezer Beardsley (who, it should seem, is a leading member, a Munro, in said society) has been pleased to make mention of my name in a manner not very decent or polite, and to throw out some illiberal reflections on my opinion and practice in the case of Polly Edwards, as well as aimed some oblique hints, at me in his remarks on the case of John Chappel, on which I beg to be indulged a place for a few striatures in your paper, which may not only serve to keep an individual in countenance under public censure, but, perhaps, also be of some small advantage to others.
Passing over the wrong date of Polly Edwards's dis- ease (which is said to have seized her Jan. 13, 1787, whereas it was in the year 1781) Dr. Beardsley says, "I attended her from the first accession of the disorder." On what day she was taken ill I re- member not; but certain it is, I never gave her any thing until Jan. 15; and as I kept no register of her case, I cannot now recollect what her parti- cular symptoms were; but it is true indeed that I considered hers as a "Worm Case," and if I was therein mistaken, I was no more in the mud than I have known Dr. Beardsley in the mire; but I should never have thought it decent or proper for me, without necessity, wantonly to tell the world of a mistake of his, especially in a publication which it is sanguinely presumed will be "handed down to succeeding generations." Having, as I said, kept no journal, I shall not controvert Dr. Beardsley's hi- story of the symptoms, though I do not remember that I ever observed the dilatation of the pupils he mentions. He says, "I maintained my opinion, notwithstanding the dissent of the other physicians, with confidence to the last." In this I think he must be mistaken. Though I have been near 40 years a student, and about 32 years a practitioner of
physic, and have had tolerable opportunities for medical information, so great a degree of positive- ness in medical matters, as he charges me with, is not now, and except in very obvious cases, has not, I think, for many years, been a part of my charac- ter. I know the imperfection of my own know- ledge (as well as that of others) and do not believe, that, on the occasion in question, I was so confident as is represented. Whatever my prevailing op- inion was, I was at a loss about the real nature of the disease, at least during the latter part of it; but whatever it in fact was, I never was, even by in- specting the body, satisfied, nor am I to this moment convinced, that it was, as Dr. Beardsley supposes, the hydrocephalus internus.
Though Dr. Beardsley is pleased to omit that cir- cumstance, I myself was the person that with my own hands opened each of the cavities in the body of the deceased patient. We are told, on cutting into the third and fourth ventricles of the brain, "five or six ounces of clear transparent lymph flowed out, and ran into a vessel which was placed to receive it." A great part of this appears new to me; and, though I was myself the operator, I remember nothing of such a flood of lymph, or of "the vessel placed to receive it." I well remem- ber indeed, that on cutting into the 4th ventricle, there was a discharge of water upon the cerebel- lum; but certainly not in so great quantity as is mentioned; and the gentlemen, who were spec- tators, certainly know, that as to myself I was by no means satisfied, that the quantity was larger than might be naturally furnished, in a dead body, by the fluid of the other ventricles collected into the 4th.
Useful as the inspection of dead bodies may be, conclusions therefrom ought to be made with a good deal of caution, as appearances may suggest very wrong ideas to the unawary observer. I received the pamphlet under consideration yesterday, just as I was going out to open the body of a patient, who died in the morning of a chronic disease, which had not furnished me with any satisfactory diagno- stics. However, what I most expected, I found not, and though several unnatural appearances were ob- served, yet neither the gentlemen who assisted me, nor myself, were able to our satisfaction to ascer- tain the cause of the patient's death. Though I am far from being apt to consider all diseases of the intestines in children, as arising from worms. (See Dr. Beardsley in his reflections on John Chappel's case obliquely insinuates) yet I am by long expe- rience, even from the very infancy of my practice, fully convinced, that (infectious diseases and other prevalent epidemics, colds, crapulence, the croup and some few others excluded) worms are the cause of by far the most of the diseases of children from dentition to the seventh year of their age, if not longer; and, I believe, I have been witness to more frequent and gross blunders of practitioners, in worm cases, than in any others whatsoever; for I have very often known worm-fevers called pleuritis, remitting fevers, and what not, and the poor little patients, under such mistaken suppositions, absurd- ly bled, blistered, &c. without mercy.
Were I disposed to make adequate returns for the civilities shown me in the publication, above mentioned, I find ample scope for medical, ana- tomical, logical, and even grammatical criticism; but I forbear, and conclude these remarks by re- commending it to practitioners, in all puerile diseases, among other possible causes, not to forget worms, and to examine of dead subjects, not only to be very faithful in relating the history of the fatal disease, and reporting the morbid appearance, if such there be, but very careful, that "a precon- ceived opinion do not blind them with respect to the real cause," and induce them to draw unwar- rantable conclusions.
BENJAMIN J. PRIME. Huntington, Sept. 10, 1788.
From the CONNECTICUT COURANT. Messrs. PRINTERS,
THE importance of making observations on any uncommon appearance in the works of nature, will be universally acknowledged. The learned world feel deeply interested, and whatever may be of service to philosophy, or afford amusement to men of reflection, may with propriety be exhibited to the public. This is my apology for communi- cating, through the channel of your useful paper, some observations on the phenomenon of last Fri- day fortnight. About six o'clock in the evening, as it is well known, a meteor passed with amazing rapidity through the atmosphere. I was in as good a situation for observing it as could be desired, be- ing on the road from the city to West-Hartford. When it first appeared, I stopped my horse to ob- serve it. It was little past the meridian, when I first saw it, its altitude, as near as I could judge, 45 degrees, and its course seemed to be from the S. E. to the N. W. It appeared like a ball of fire, or globe of red hot iron, about 6 inches diameter, sur- rounded with a sparkling flame, and drawing a tail of a paler colour, and about five times the diam- eter of its nucleus. Its light was such brighter than that of the moon. Its velocity must have been very great, for it went from the meridian, to within about four or five degrees of the horizon, in the space, I judged, of one minute. Its apparent path was a regular curve. When it came nearest to the earth, and seemingly about sixty or eighty rods from me, the body of the meteor seemed to burst like a bomb, with a great explosion of streams and sparkles of fire, and then totally disappeared. Upon this I rode on, at the rate of about four miles and an half, an hour, and when I had passed about forty rods, I heard its report, resembling that of several cannon at the distance of twenty miles, or the rumbling of distant thunder. The time between the total disappearance of the meteor and its report was, as I conceived, about two minutes and an half. I have thus stated the sensible phenomena of this meteor as accurately as is in my power, and leave it to the philosophical world to form such conjectures and theories as they shall think rational.
NATHAN PERKINS. Hartford, Oct. 25, 1788.
***** BROKE-GAOL.
ON Friday night the 21st of October, from the Court-house in Goshen, a certain ROBERT JONES, being confined for passing counterfeit money. He is a well set man, near 6 feet high, about 25 years of age, has no natural marks.— Whoever will return him into the said Court-house shall be entitled to FIVE DOLLARS reward, by me.
HEZ. HOWELL, Sheriff. Orange County, Nov. 1, 1788. 73 4w.

American Occurrences.
BOSTON, October 31. WEDNESDAY last, conformably to notice given, the inhabitants of this town convened at Faneuil Hall, for the purpose of choosing two persons to represent them in the general court, in the room of the Hon. Caleb Davis, and John C. Jones, Esqrs. resigned; when, at the close of the poll, it appeared that the Hon. Oliver Wendell, and Christopher Gore, Esqrs. were chosen.
On Wednesday night last, we had as severe a frost as we ever recollect at this time of the year. Yesterday morning, at 7 o'clock, the Mercury in Fahrenheit's Thermometer, in the open air, stood at 20° and was, probably much lower in the night. Wednesday a drove of Mules, about 40, arrived in town from Connecticut, to be shipped for the West-Indies.
NEWBURY-PORT, October 29. Last week a complete fire-engine was brought to this town, which was constructed by Mr. Benjamin Dearborn of Portsmouth in New-Hampshire, upon a plan of his own, which he sometime ago communicated to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and which was by them approved of and published. The continuity of this newly-invented machine, at once strikes the eye of the beholder with pleasure, which is greatly increased when it is put in motion—and (although the first attempt of the kind) it greatly outdoes the European ones of the same size, and double the price. Every real friend to the advancement of arts in this infant country, must rejoice at their rapid progress within a very few years, and consider the present piece of ingenuity to be of great importance, and worthy the attention of all our populous towns.
NEW-HAVEN, October 30. Extract of a letter to the editor of this paper dated October 26.
"I was standing near the pond a little eastward of Dr. Johnson's, on the 17th instant, at 7 o'clock, P. M. and a bright and sudden light shone round me. I stood facing to the northward, and looking up saw the meteor moving from N.E. by E. to S.W. by W. the nucleus appeared to be about 12 inches in diameter, and the tail about 10 deg. in length, tapering from the body to the end. It continued in sight about 4 seconds, and having walked to the top of the old meeting-house hill, heard the report of it, like heavy thunder, or more like the firing of cannon, and felt the earth tremble. I suppose the sound was four minutes in coming, which proves the meteor to have been at the distance of about 50 miles, when it exploded, or made the report. I should have mentioned before, that the colour of the meteor was a bright light red, a little tinged with violet on the under side—the tail sparkled and partly broke before it disappeared. This phenomenon was doubtless a terrestrial comet, which by its friction in passing through the atmosphere, collected electrical fire, until it arrived at the perigee, and then discharged itself with great noise and violence. It was seen from Boston to Philadelphia, and I wish we may have as many accurate accounts as possible from all parts of America, that its altitude, velocity, &c. may be determined."
PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 3. Monday night last, about eight in the evening, a man was knocked down in George-street, near Second-street, by two fellows, who suddenly came from an alley, and bruised his head so much, that the neighbours, who were immediately alarmed, were obliged to carry him into a house and call a physician to his assistance. The villains made off upon the appearance of the people. Wednesday evening two gentlemen were robbed of about fifty dollars, on their way to town by the lower ferry road. We hear that the council have it in contemplation to call out patrols of the horse and light infantry of this city.
November 5. Saturday last the general assembly of this commonwealth convened at the state house; a sufficient number of members having appeared to form a quorum, the Hon. Richard Peters, Esq. was chosen speaker thereof.
November 6. The unanimous vote of the legislature to appoint a committee to bring in a bill for incorporating the city, has given great pleasure to all classes of people. Happy state of Pennsylvania! the age of ignorance is over. Our citizens are no more governed by words nor sounds. By means of a city-government, order will be obtained, just laws will be executed, a stop will be put to the practice of trading in justice, wheel-barrow-men will no more keep our city in awe, our streets will be kept free of nuisances, and in consequence of all these agreeable events, the new Congress will probably fix their temporary residence among us.
A correspondent congratulates the friends of the drama, on the pleasing prospect which now opens upon them, a prospect of shortly seeing (by means of the present enlightened, patriotic and federal assembly) every impediment removed which has hitherto interrupted theatrical exhibitions in this city.
New-York, November 13.
BY the several arrivals from Europe since our last we are favored with intelligence to the 14th September, the most interesting articles of which here follow:
Accounts from Berlin, dated Aug. 30, say:—We have received accounts by the way of Warsaw, that the Russians had attempted to take Oczakow by storm, but were repulsed with great loss, that two of their generals fell in the action, one of which is Shuwalow, who is greatly lamented.
The same accounts also mention, that the bombardment of Choczim had recommenced on the 15th; that the succours which the Turks expected had actually arrived, and that the garrison in a vigorous sally, had gained some advantages over the combined forces of the Austrians and Russians. Choczim, in the mean time, is now fully provided with all sorts of provisions.
Leghorn accounts of August 18, say:—Letters from Malta confirm the departure of the French squadron, which they say is gone to exercise the sailors in maritime evolutions, though many pretend it is for the triple design of protecting the Levant trade, and at the same time to protect the island of Candia, and even to be stationed in that latitude.
The Vienna accounts of Aug. 27, state, that the fortress of Dubova was attacked on the 10th by detachment of Turks from 22 vessels. Major Steine, at the head of the battalion of Brechainville, made a most valiant resistance; but at the end of three days was observed to retire, and abandon the place to the enemy. The loss of the Austrians was not more by these accounts, than 412 men; among whom, however, were some officers of distinction. The Turks are represented to have lost 2000 men.
A letter from Revel, dated Aug. 20, by express through Holland, says:—"This day we had the satisfaction to hear of Vice-Admiral Greig's squadron being again arrived off our bay from Cronstadt, which was the more satisfactory as the Swedish ships of war had for a month past been exceedingly troublesome by intercepting all vessels to and from this port with very valuable cargoes of naval and other stores, of which they retain numbers. Our fleet is gone off Helsingfors and Cape Caberoid, to seek the Swedish fleet, and if possible provoke them to another engagement."
The reports for some time past, concerning the Swedish and Russian squadrons, are so various and contradictory, that it is impossible to form any sort of opinion of their real situation. One moment says that the Swedes are blocked up at Helsingfors, while the next tells us that both fleets are at sea in quest of each other. Which of these are the true state of facts, we shall not take upon us to determine; but the first, from every reasonable consideration, seems by far the least probable.
The loss of the Austrians in their last unfortunate engagement was 15 officers, and 500 soldiers killed. Such are the official returns.
Letters dated March 31, bring intelligence of the failure of the French armament destined for Trincomale, commanded by general Conway: this detachment was detained by contrary winds, which circumstance proved fortunate to the Dutch Governor, who was enabled by this delay to receive letters from Europe, advising him of the revolution in Holland in favor of the Prince of Orange, and the defeat of the French party in that country. On the arrival of the armament at Trincomale several polite messages passed between General Conway and the Dutch Governor, which terminated in the latter's objecting to the disembarkation of the troops, and finding him firm in this determination the General returned, with his armament to the Mauritius. [Lon. Gaz.]
Accounts from Dublin September 13, say:—Captain Kehoe of the Charming Mary, belonging to this port, who arrived here on Thursday from Peter'sburg reports, that no second engagement had as yet taken place between the Russian and Swedish fleets; that the Russians had suffered severely in the last action, and that three of their ships had received such considerable damage in their hulls, that it was with great difficulty that they got into Cronstadt, where they are now refitting.
Late London papers mention, that the East India company have been remarkably successful this year; for that upwards of forty sail of shipping had failed on homeward bound passages; twenty five of which had already arrived with very valuable cargoes—one ship in particular brought home near seventeen hundred chests of tea, besides several other valuable articles.
The court of France have for a long time past been endeavouring to mediate between the Turks and Russians; they have formed and proposed several plans of reconciliation; but hitherto without success. The exertions, however, of the Swedish Majesty, may probably incline the Imperial Catharine to listen to the pacific suggestions of the most Christian King.
Late last evening arrived in this port the ship George, Capt. Hunter, in 8 weeks from Lisbon. By this vessel the following interesting account is received, viz.
Extract of a letter from Lisbon, Sept. 13, 1788. "This city is in the utmost consternation on account of the death of our Prince, the heir apparent to the crown of Portugal, who died the day before yesterday, aged 27 years and some months. With him has flown those brilliant hopes of future political happiness which the enlightened patriots of the kingdom expected to enjoy from the era of his accession to the throne."
Within a fortnight past the weather has been exceedingly changeable. Quick transitions from hot to cold has proved favorable to the gentlemen of the mortar, and their respectable fraternity of applicants, to the partial unhappiness of many individuals.
On Monday night and Tuesday last the sea was very high, and the wind from southerly blew so severely that several vessels at the wharves were considerably damaged.
We learn that frequent gales have been experienced by our sea-faring brethren, several melancholy accounts of which see this paper.
The general court of the commonwealth of Massachusetts is now in session, and have upon the tapis the subject of organizing the new government. Several committees are appointed; one to consider the mode for appointing electors, president, and vice-president, which committee has already reported in favor of dividing the state into eight districts:—a committee to consider the late requisitions of Congress:—a committee to consider the communications made to that commonwealth by the states of Virginia, and New-York, respecting amendments to the new constitution.
The legislatures of the states of New-Hampshire, of Rhode-Island, of Virginia, and of Pennsylvania, are also in session.
Thomas Mifflin, Esq. is chosen President, and George Ross, Esq. Vice President, of the state of Pennsylvania, by the legislature thereof.
On Monday last week his Excellency William Livingston, Esq. was re-elected Governor of New-Jersey, by the legislature of that state, now in session at Princeton.
Governor Chittenden, by advice of council, has appointed Thursday, the 27th inst. to be observed as a day of Public Thanksgiving and praise throughout the state of Vermont.
It is said, that the life of the much renowned English Patriot, Lord Chatham, is soon to appear in a handsome volume, by a well known pen.
The ship Flora, Capt. Pierse, arrived from Pool to St. Ubes, on the 7th of September.
By a vessel arrived on Monday last from Shelburne, we hear, that Capt. Benoit, from St. John (N.B.) who failed about the 3d of October for this port, was spoke with by two vessels at sea after the storm of the 12th, in great distress, having nothing standing but the bowsprit, in want of provisions, and having 70 souls on board, among whom, it is said, there were 35 women and children; the vessels who spoke with him, by reason of their having suffered in the above storm, were unable to give him any relief; the vessel was driving on the ocean a mere wreck, and without a providential interference, the fate of these unhappy persons must be distressing beyond description.
On Monday last the Society of Black Friars in this city assembled at the Friary, for the purpose of celebrating their Anniversary Festival. An Oration, well adapted to the occasion, was delivered by their Chancellor, Josiah Ogden Hoffman, Esq. to a crowded and respectable audience. The day was concluded with that hilarity and social harmony which has ever distinguished that fraternity. After dinner a number of toasts were drank, accompanied with music.
On Sunday last a Charity Sermon was preached by the Rev. BENJAMIN MOORE, at St. George's Chapel, for the benefit of the Charity School, when an handsome collection was made.
What is it that defends a bad cause, when tried at the bar?— Precedent. What is it that acquits rogues, and proves the lawyer to be a learned man?— Precedent.
What made a virtuous man, when out of power, become a vicious man, when possessed of power?— Precedent.
What emboldens a man to attempt to be great, by imposing on the senses of the weak, and leading captive popular opinion?— Precedent.
[The report of the committee of manufactures, from the board of managers of the Pennsylvania Society for promoting manufactures and the useful arts, will be inserted as soon as possible.]
CHARITY SERMON.
On SUNDAY next, the 15th instant, a CHARITY SERMON will be preached, and a collection made in the forenoon, at St. PAUL'S CHURCH, for the benefit of the CHARITY SCHOOL, in this city. An ANTHEM adapted to the occasion will be sung by the scholars.
The school at present consists of eighty six scholars, viz. fifty six boys and thirty girls. The children are instructed in the principles of the christian religion and in plain reading; they constantly attend divine service at church on week days as well as on Sundays, and the greatest attention is paid to their morals.
The boys are taught reading, writing, arithmetic, and merchant's accounts; the girls are taught reading, writing, arithmetic, and needle work. They are all annually clothed, supplied with fuel, and furnished with books, paper, &c. The school is regularly visited the first Monday in every month, and the children carefully examined by a committee of the corporation of Trinity Church. When any of the scholars are of a suitable age for dismissal, and duly qualified, they are sent to proper trades or services, and others taken in their places.
This excellent institution is earnestly recommended to the patronage of the benevolent and humane. Orphans and the children of indigent persons are hereby snatched from ignorance and vice, preserved from the influence of bad examples, and are qualified to be useful members of society. The support of this truly benevolent society is derived from voluntary donations, and collections at those sermons which are annually preached for the purpose. These circumstances, it is hoped, will interest every generous and feeling heart in its behalf, and stimulate the benevolence of its friends to contribute for its support.
From Michaelmas 1787, to Michaelmas 1788, seven boys and four girls having finished their education, were sent to trades, and two boys for misbehavior have been expelled, and others taken in their places, so that the school is constantly kept full.
N. B. Should the weather prove unfavorable the sermon will be postponed until the Sunday following.
A MELANCHOLY SCENE.
The situation of Mr. JAMES HUNT, a respectable citizen, is so aggravatingly distressing that the public seem to claim some account of it; we, however, shall not presume to describe the humane sensations even of the most obdurate, on the hearing of this heart-rending catastrophe.—About three weeks ago the daughter of Mr. Hunt was taken ill; it was soon discovered that she had the measles, and she was treated in consequence by skilful physicians, but the distemper grew so violent, that the utmost skill of several gentlemen of the faculty was baffled, and the innocent patient expired in ages. Mrs. Hunt, and two other of her children, were soon after seized with the same disorder, and in a day or two her other child, which comprised the whole family, the afflicted husband and father only excepted. The utmost attention was paid to them by four or five doctors, whose joint prescriptions did not in the least abate the fury of the distemper, and in the course of 18 days Mr. Hunt was bereft of his wife and all his children, being one daughter and three sons. It ought not to be omitted, that Mr. Hunt bears these inexpressible afflictions with a truely christian fortitude. "Heaven gives us friends." &c.
DIED —On Tuesday last, Mr. MOSES GALE, inn-keeper, and a very respectable citizen. Last Thursday Mr. Gale was in the perfect enjoyment of health, when unfortunately he broke his leg coming down a flight of ladder stairs; the bones were set with some difficulty by a skilful physician; a fever set in, and on Tuesday he died.—The remains of Mr. Gale were yesterday deposited in St. Paul's Church Yard, attended by a respectable body of citizens. "How precious are the joys of time."
ARRIVED —Folger, Cape Francois; Tibbles, Port-au-Prince; Howland, Curacoa; Godwife, do. Scowol, Turks-Island; Smith, do. Kermit, Waterford; Chevers, Liverpool; Lindsay, Lisbon; Bouton, Cadiz; Parker, Shelburne; Taylor, St. Thomas; Chisholm, Montego-Bay; Colfax, Richmond; Rhoades, St. Martins; Brown, Rhode Island; Brown, Edenton (N. C.) Gilchrist, Port-au-Prince.
This Day was Published, And to be SOLD by the PRINTER hereof, &c.
ACOMPENDIUM OF Christian Theology,
By JOHN FREDERICK OSTERWALD, A celebrated Divine of Switzerland. Newly translated into English, from the Original LATIN, By the Rev. JOHN M'MAINS. SUBSCRIBERS are requested to call for their BOOKS.
Lumber Inspector's Office,
No. 145, Water-Street, Where Shipper's of Lumber will please to apply to MICHAEL CONNOLLY, Inspector. New-York, Nov. 13, 1788. 74. 3. f.
ACADEMY,
At Kingston, Ulster County. THE Trustees of this Academy beg leave to inform their Friends and the Public, that the Latin School is now supplied by a Gentleman from England, who is completely qualified to teach the Latin, Greek, and French Languages, having given every satisfactory Proof of his Abilities in some of the first Seminaries in the United States.
The Trustees flatter themselves from the above Circumstance, the low rate of Boarding and Tuition, together with the healthy and pleasant Situation of Kingston, that a Number may be induced to send their Sons, sufficient to make up a Compliment of Scholars.
Kingston, Esopus, October 29, 1788. 73. 4. w.
At a Court of Probates of the State of New-York, held at the Probate-Office, in the City of New-York, on the twenty second Day of October, in the Year of our Lord one Thousand seven Hundred and Eighty-eight.
P R E S E N T. The Honorable PETER OGILVIE, Esq. Judge of the said Court.
WHEREAS John Segar, executor of the last will and testament of Robert Midwinter, late of the said city and county of New-York, ship-wright, deceased, hath by his petition, presented to the said judge, set forth, that the said Robert Midwinter, was, at the time of his death, seized of a real estate within this state, that the petitioner had made a just and true account of the personal estate and debts of the said Robert Midwinter, as far as he had been able to discover the same, and that thereby it appeared, that the personal estate of the said Robert Midwinter, was insufficient to pay his debts, and therefore requested the aid of the said judge in the premises, according to the directions of the act, entitled, "An act for the relief of creditors against heirs, devisees, executors, and administrators, and for proving wills respecting real estates," and the said petitioner hath delivered to the said judge the account in the said petition mentioned; hereupon it is ordered by the said judge, that all persons interested in the estate of the said Robert Midwinter, do appear before the judge of the said court of Probates, at the Probate Office, in the city of New-York, on the twelfth day of December next, to show cause, if any they have, why so much of the real estate whereof the said Robert Midwinter, died seized, should not be sold, as will be sufficient to pay his debts. 71 7w. PETER OGILVIE.
State of New-York, s.
WHEREAS all the real estate of which Jacobus Jacobus Blauvelt, late of Orange town, in the county of Orange, carpenter, deceased, died seized, has been sold by an order of Peter Ogilvie, Esq. judge of the court of probates of this state, for the payment of his debts—All persons who have any demands against the estate of the said Jacobus Jacobus Blauvelt, are hereby notified and desired to produce the same to the said judge of the said court of probates, at the probate office in the city of New-York, on the fifteenth day of January next, when and where a final settlement and distribution of the said estate will be made.—Given under my hand, at the probate office, in the city of New-York, the fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight. 70 8w. PETER OGILVIE.
A PUBLIC AUCTION AND COMMISSION STORE
By MARINUS WILLETT, No. 36, Water-Street,
FOR the reception of GOODS to be disposed of on commission, at Public or Private SALE. Money advanced, previous to the sale, if required. The excellency of the situation, and his extensive acquaintance with country merchants and traders, induces him to flatter himself, that his sales, will be advantageous to those who please to favor him with their commands.
To be disposed of at PRIVATE SALE, 20 Pancheons Antigua Rum, 40 Do. St. Croix do. 20 Do. Barbadoes do. New-York Rum, of the first quality, at all times.
WANTS a PLACE.
A PERSON, who can be well recommended as a man of honest sobriety, and a proficient in Book keeping, would be glad of employment either as a Book keeper or a Store-keeper only. His having an expensive family, and possessed of no immediate means of supporting them, has induced him to propose to serve at a lower rate than is customary.
For farther particulars enquire of the printer. New-York, Oct. 9, 1788. 69

POET'S CORNER.
AN EATING SONG.
Dulce est desipere in loco. HOR. "Oh! what a charming thing's a Dinner!" C HEAR up, Gluttons, fill your bellies, Gormandize whole pounds of meat; Never piddle o'er your jellies, But sublunary viands eat. Ev'ry waistcoat quick unbutton, See the enemies advance! Charge the turtle, beef, and mutton, Point the culinary lance. Brandish, boys, your knives and forks all, As you would in war the spear; Bloat your paunches like a foot-ball, Eat in grease from ear to ear. Still let us abhor this motto, "Pauco vifco,"—damping words; But good roast beef, piping hot, oh, Spread it plenty o'er our boards! See the furlong richly smacking, Mark the gravy, how it springs! Mal-content, forbear your croaking, By the gods, we feast like kings. Come, dexterity exert now, Deep incisions make with speed; Wipe your chops, look quite alert now, Whilst on such strong fare we feed. Lord! how hot the battle rages! Conquest desolates the plain; What our appetites assuages: Let us drink,—and eat again! From the store-house,—brisk and mellow, Quick the brown October bring on; Through our spacious hall we'll bellow "Here's a health to WASHINGTON." Whilst we're gorging without measure, Hear our great chairman cry,— "Eating is sublimest pleasure, "While we eat,—we'll never die!"
AN ANECDOTE.
A RICH farmer having a wife who frequently got intoxicated with cyder, in order to deter her from following that base practice, told her one day, that the next time she got in that trim, he would bury her, and accordingly had a coffin made for her and brought home to his house. Not long after, however, the farmer had occasion to go from home, and his wife, not minding his threats, nor regarding the fright of the coffin, took the opportunity of drinking her fill; the farmer coming home found her drunk on the floor, he accordingly had her put into the coffin, and conveyed down cellar, and there waited until she came to her senses; as soon as the same too, and reflecting on her past folly, thinking she had left the terrestrial world, with all its good juice of the apple—she began to knock on the side of the coffin, and addressed herself, in an audible voice, in these words—"Ye inhabitants of this new world, have you here any good cyder?"
THE BITER BITTEN.
P HYSICIANS and Lawyers have ever been famous for modesty in their charges, and the expression of a clown, who said they asked 6s. for 3s. worth of ware, had more wit in it than bull. During the late war a soldier, on his way to camp, called at a Druggist's shop to procure "pills" &c. for the campaign; on their being done up, and his asking the price, he was told 7/10—"Seven and ten pence!" exclaimed the soldier, it is monstrous, but, I suppose, considering I am but a poor Continental, you will throw in the odd change, "I don't care," said the Doctor, "if I do." "Then there is ten pence," said the soldier, throwing down the money, "the seven is the odd number." The Dr. looked surprised, but recollecting himself, and sweeping the money into the drawer, said, "Well, well, I've bit you yet, I have now got 6d more than the pills are worth." The soldier, a little nettled, swung his pack, and marched off.
Rising and Setting of the SUN and MOON.
  ☉ R. ☽ S. R & S.    Thursday, Nov. 13, 7 4 4 56 12 50  Friday, 14, 7 5 4 55 5 44.  Saturday, 15, 7 6 4 54 6 42.  Sunday, 16, 7 7 4 53 7 46.  Monday, 17, 7 8 4 52 8 55.  Tuesday, 18, 7 9 4 51 10 5.  Wednesday, 19, 7 10 4 50 11 14.  
HIGH WATER.
  D. H. M.    Thursday, Nov. 13, 8 49.  Friday, 14, 9 45.  Saturday, 15, 10 41.  Sunday, 16, 11 37.  Monday, 17, 12 0. Morn.  Tuesday, 18, 0 35.  Wednesday, 19, 1 29.  
By his Excellency GEORGE CLINTON, Esq. Governor of the State of New-York, General and Commander in Chief of all the Militia, and Admiral of the Navy thereof.
A PROCLAMATION.
W HEREAS Events have taken place since the rising of the legislature, which render it necessary that they should be convened at an earlier day than that fixed by law for their annual meeting— I DO THEREFORE , by these presents, require the Senate and Assembly to meet at the City-Hall, of the city of Albany, on MONDAY the EIGHTH Day of DECEMBER next:—Whereof all concerned are to take notice, and govern themselves accordingly. Given under my hand, and the privy seal, at the city of New-York, this thirteenth day of October, in the thirteenth year of the Independence of the said State. GEO. CLINTON.
TO BE SOLD, For JERSEY MONEY at full Value, Or exchanged for any Property in New-York, or bartered for West-India or DRY GOODS, At Market Price,
A Valuable FARM,
SITUATE in Woodbridge township, in the county of Essex, New-Jersey, within a quarter of a mile of the main road from Woodbridge to Brunswick, about eight miles distant from the latter, and three and a half from Perth Amboy, consisting of one hundred and seventy acres, a third part of which is excellent MEADOW; a sufficiency of fire-wood, with a handsome piece of thrifty young timber.
The plough-land equal to any in that part of the country; the whole under good fence.
On the premises is a good house, kitchen, and barn; and an excellent spring of water near the door; to which is added, fifteen acres, or thereabouts, of salt marsh, on the Rariton, about one mile from the farm.
This place is well known by the name of CLAWSON'S FARM.
For terms of sale enquire of Mr. Joseph Bindon, merchant, New-York, or Benjamin Thompson, near Morris-Town
This Day is published, And to be sold by the PRINTER hereof and by ROBERT HODGE, No. 237, Queen-street,
PRINCIPLES OF THE
Latin Grammar,
EXPLAINED in a manner suited to the Capacity of Beginners, with rules and Observations calculated for those who have made proficiency in the Classics.
By JAMES HARDIE, A. B. Teacher of the GREEK and LATIN Languages, NEW-YORK.
WE, the PRESIDENT and PROFESSORS of COLUMBIA COLLEGE, whose names are hereunto subscribed, do certify, that we have examined a new publication, entitled " The Principles of the Latin Grammar explained, &c. " by JAMES HARDIE, and that we find it an accurate and judicious compilation, well calculated for the instruction of youth in the rudiments of the Latin language; and such as may be useful even to those who have made considerable progress therein. We therefore recommend it to all who are intrusted with the care of education, and particularly to the teachers in the different schools of this State.
W. SAMUEL JOHNSON, President, WILLIAM COCHRAN, Professor of Languages, JOHN DANIEL GROS, Professor of Moral Philosophy and Geography, JOHN KEMP, Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy.
Public & State Certificates
BOUGHT and SOLD, At No. 27, WATER-STREET, And every kind of PAPER MONEY exchanged for SPECIE and re-exchanged: Also on Hand FOR SALE,
A LARGE Sum in Banker's, Furbur's, and Loan-Office Certificates of this State, such as will purchase Lands at the Commissioners' sale, and pay Quit-Rents—Likewise, First Settlements of this State; any, or all of which will be exchanged for Common Final Settlements, Loan-Office, or Pickering's Notes, and indents at a small difference.
For the CONVENIENCE of MERCHANTS, Just Published,
And to be sold at this Printing-Office, CATALOGUE of those ARTICLES of MERCHANDIZE on which DUTIES were imposed by late acts of the legislature of this State, viz. of April 11, 1787, and March 12, 1788; which duties took place on the 1st inst.
In the arranging of this catalogue neither pains nor expence of time has been spared to render it of great utility to the Merchants, by selecting and properly distinguishing the several rates of impositions—upon GOODS imported in vessels built in the United States since April 11, 1787, and not really and bona fide wholly the property of the citizens—imported in foreign vessels—and, in American vessels. This work would require labour, and the most intense study and attention of the best merchant, so nicely to distinguish. It is printed upon a large substantial sheet of paper, with the several kinds of duties in distinct columns, in such a manner that they can be readily contralled when passed up in a Counting-house.
As a final number of this kind of work fell, in general, the sale being confined to merchants, 2/6d. each was at first demanded; but, finding no one chose to purchase at that rate, the Printer has (least he should sink his whole labour and expence) fixed the price at One Shilling only.
N.B. A few of the supplements of the act, passed the 12th of March, to be sold at this office.
Just Published,
At Thomas Greenleaf's Printing-Office, No. 25, Water-Street. A new, complete, and correct Edition of Baron Steuben's Regulations
FOR THE Order and Discipline OF THE Troops of the United States.
This Day is published, and to be Sold, By ROBERT HODGE, No. 237, the Corner of King & Queen-street, The Miscellaneous Works
OF PHILIP FRENEAU, Containing his Essays and additional Poems.
THIS second volume of our American Author, is replete with the highest sentimental entertainment. Humour, wit, and satire, flow in copious strains.—It requires only to be read to be admired.
Such gentlemen, in this city and state, as honored this vol. with their subscriptions, will be pleased to send for it as soon as convenient.
THE MESSIAH,
Attempted from the GERMAN of Mr. KLOPSTOCK.
To those who are acquainted with the merits of this work, little need be said to recommend it.—It is calculated to inspire every pious, every virtuous sentiment:—to fill the mind with an awful reverence and love of the Great and incomprehensible GOD and FATHER of all; with the sublimest and most fervent gratitude to our gracious REDEEMER, and a perfect detestation and abhorrence of all vice. In a word, it claims the patronage of ALL who do not blush at owning themselves Christians, and at paying a humble obedience to the King of Kings.
This piece of religious and moral painting has obtained Mr. Klopstock the honor of being esteemed the Milton of Germany, and is considered as having completed what that favorite son of the British muse had left unfinished.—The beauties of the Messiah equal Paradise Lost:—Paradise Regained, though far from being destitute of merit, is universally allowed to fall much below this work, and is acknowledged to be deficient in that unbounded invention, that beautiful machinery, and variety of characters, which distinguish the rigorous efforts of Mr. Klopstock's genius.
The Messiah is formed upon an extensive and important plan, and includes the sufferings, death, and resurrection of Christ.
S E R M O N S.
By the celebrated RICHARD PRICE, D. D. L. L. D. F. R. S.
The Triumphs of Temper;
A Poem in six Cantos. By WILLIAM HALEY, Esquire.
Dr. Gregory's Legacy to his Daughter. Dr. Doddridge's Rise and Progress of Religion. Sheridan's Rhetorical Grammar. The Charms of Melody.—A new Song Book. Tarver's Travels through the interior Parts of America.
Economy of Human Life. Webster's American Selection of Lessons, in reading and speaking. Webster's Institute, first and second Part. Pike's excellent system of Arithmetic. A few sets of Newton on the Prophecies. Edwards on the Affections. Lo. History of Redemption, &c. &c.
Also, JUST IMPORTED, A number of very valuable BOOKS,
Consisting of HISTORY. Surgery, Divinity, Agriculture, Law, Nautical Books, Philosophy, Dictionaries, Mathematics, Architecture, Biography, Novels, Geography, Miscellanies, Poetry, Plays, &c. &c.
Also an excellent Assortment of STATIONARY.
Genuine Writing Paper of different sizes and prices, Ledgers, Journals, Waste, Letter, and Blank Books of all sizes, Receipt Books, Bonnet and Cards, &c. &c. Wrapping Paper, Sealing-Wax, Waters, Quills, Slates, Lead and slate Pencils, Pens, knives, elegant Shoe-buckles, Message Cards, &c. &c. Commissions from the country are thankfully received, and carefully executed. 505
Wanted to Purchase IMMEDIATELY.
OFFICER's and Soldier's Military Bounty Rights of land, both State and Continental—Also, a large Amount in Indents, Final Settlements, and Pickering's Notes, Apply at No. 196, Water-street.
Starch and Hair-Powder, MANUFACTURED and Sold by Isaac & John Stoutenburgh, At the Corner of Greenwich and Dey-Streets, North-River.
New-York RUM
Of excellent Flavor and good Proof FOR SALE, By Charles Tillinghast, At the DISTILLERY, near the New Market in Cherry Street.
REMAINING on HAND, A FEW MAPS,
Of the interior parts of North-America, including the lands intended for the NEW STATES, some of which are felling, and others already disposed of by order of Congress.
ORDERS are just received, by the printer hereof, to sell these Maps at a much cheaper rate than they have yet been sold. The plates were cut and the impressions taken in London, and these sold (without the pamphlet) at One Guinea each.
To accompany this map, and explanatory of it with references to it, will be sold, included in the price of the map, a pamphlet, containing 64 large octavo pages, with plates and figures, entitled, a Topographical Description of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North-Carolina, comprehending the rivers Ohio, Kenawawa, Sioto, Cheroke, Wabash, Illinois, Mississippi, &c. The climate, soil, and produce, whether animal, vegetable, or mineral; the mountains, creeks, roads, distances, latitudes, &c. and of every part, laid down in the Map.
By THOMAS HUTCHINS, Esq. Late Captain and Engineer in the British army; and now Geographer General to the United States of America. With a plan of the rapids of the Ohio, a plan of the several villages in the Illinois country, a table of the distances between Fort Pitt and the mouth of the Ohio, all engraved upon copper.—And an Appendix, containing Mr. Patrick Kennedy's Journal up the Illinois river, and a correct list of the different nations and tribes of Indians, with the number of fighting men, &c.
Description of the ILLINOIS COUNTRY.
THE Illinois country is in general of a superior soil to any other part of North America that I have seen. It produces fine oak, hickory, cedar, mulberry trees, &c. some dying roots and medicinal plants;—hops, and excellent wild grapes, and in the year 1769, one hundred and ten hogheads of strong wine, were made by the French settlers, from these grapes. A large quantity of sugar is also annually made from the juice of the maple tree; and as the mulberry trees are large and numerous, I presume the making of silk will employ the attention and industry of the settlers, when the country is more fully inhabited than it is at present, and especially as the winters are much more moderate and favourable for the breed of silk worms, than they are in many of the sea coast provinces. Indigo may likewise be successfully cultivated—(but not more than two cuttings in a year) wheats, teas, and Indian corn thrive well, as does every sort of grain and pulse, that is produced in any of the old colonies. Great quantities of tobacco are also yearly raised by the inhabitants of the Illinois, both for their own consumption and that of the Indians; but little has hitherto been exported to Europe. Hemp grows spontaneously, and is of a good texture; its common height is 10 feet, and its thickness three inches (the latter reckoned within a foot of the root) and with little labour, any quantity may be cultivated. Flax seed has hitherto been only raised in small quantities. There has however been enough produced to shew, that it may be grown to the greatest advantage. Apples, pears, peaches, and all other European fruits succeed admirably. Iron, copper, and lead mines, as also salt springs, have been discovered in different parts of this territory. The two latter are worked on the Spanish side of the Mississippi, with considerable advantage to the owners. There is plenty of fish in the rivers, particularly Cat, Carp, and Perch, of an uncommon size.—Savannahs, or natural meadows, are both numerous and extensive; yielding excellent grass, and feeding great herds of buffalo, deer, &c. ducks, teal, geese, swans, cranes, pelicans, turkies, pheasants, partridges, &c. such as are seen in the sea coast Colonies, are in the greatest variety and abundance.—In short, every thing, that a reasonable mind can desire, is to be had, or may, with little pains, be produced here.
Masters & Owners of Vessels
Are hereby informed, THAT they may be supplied with cables, large or small, of any length, and cordage of all sizes, made of Petersburg hemp, first quality, at Ivers's Rope-walk, at the head of Mulberry-street, the first left hand turn above the Tea-Water Pump, on such favourable terms as to merit the attention of any gentleman that would wish to lay out his money to the best advantage. Cables spliced, with the addition of any length required, white rope of every sort for city or country use, hambro lines, deep sea lines, hand lead lines, log lines, house lines, and marine, &c. &c. by H. IVERS, Ropemaker.
N. B. The above articles, whether in large or small quantities, will be delivered to any part of the city without expence of cartage to the buyer.
S H R U B,
Of the very best Quality, by the Hogthead, Barrel, or smaller Quantity, FOR SALE by Charles Tillinghast, At his House, nearly opposite the New-Market in Cherry-street.
Just Published,
And to be sold at this Printing-Office, The Heidelbergh Catechism; ALSO, The Mothers Catechism.
The highest Price is given by the Printer hereof for clean LINEN RAGS.
—LETTERS of INTELLIGENCE—occasional PARAGRAPHS—speculative PIECES—ESSAYS, &c.—are gratefully received at this OFFICE.— For the greater CONVENIENCE and SAFETY of which COMMUNICATIONS, a LETTER BOX is placed in the Window. SUBSCRIPTIONS for this PAPER (printed Once a Week, at Two Dollars, per Annum) are also received here—and ADVERTISEMENTS, REASONABLY INSERTED. * PRINTING, in all its Variety, Performed with NEATNESS and DISPATCH.