Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1792-10-03 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States
A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 36, of Vol. IV.]
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1792.
[Whole No. 358.]
PRICE CURRENT.
PER QUANTITY.—DOLLARS 100 CENTS each. PHILADELPHIA, OCTOBER 3.
Table with 3 columns: Item, Dls., Cts. Lists various goods like Anchors, Allum, Ashes, Brandy, etc.
Table with 3 columns: Item, Dls., Cts. Lists various goods like Oil, Pepper, Pimento, etc.
FROM THE PENNSYLVANIA GAZETTE.
No. III. OBSERVATIONS on the Letters of "A FARMER," Addressed to the Yeomanry of the United States.
THE charges brought by the writer of "THE FARMER," against the general government, are such as ought to attract the most serious attention of the people of the United States.
It must be supposed by the yeomanry, who have read the foregoing charges, that the French constitution had prevented the existence of mercantile regulations, of a funding system, of a bank, of certificates, paper money, and bank notes, and of excise laws, in that country.
The French have prohibited foreign built ships from being navigated under their flag, though owned by French citizens, they have prohibited the ships of all nations from importing tobacco into that kingdom, unless it was produced in the country to which the ship belongs;
The kingdom of France, like other European countries, has at this moment a great bank, which issues, as usual, its notes, or bills, as every man, who undertakes to inform the people, ought to know.
Among the thirteen articles which compose the revenues of France, an excise upon native wines, spirits distilled from native materials, and other produce and manufacturers of produce, is to be found.
FROM THE AMERICAN DAILY ADVERTISER.
MR. DUNLAP, THE revolution now depending in France is one of the most interesting and important objects that has ever engaged the attention of mankind.
The glory or the humiliation of the cause of liberty very materially depends upon it. As men, anxious for the happiness of our fellow men, it cannot but have engaged our best wishes—as freemen, solicitous for the reputation of free government, we cannot but feel an additional motive of deep concern for the event.
[To be concluded in our next.]
FROM THE AMERICAN DAILY ADVERTISER.
MR. DUNLAP, THE revolution now depending in France is one of the most interesting and important objects that has ever engaged the attention of mankind.
The glory or the humiliation of the cause of liberty very materially depends upon it. As men, anxious for the happiness of our fellow men, it cannot but have engaged our best wishes—as freemen, solicitous for the reputation of free government, we cannot but feel an additional motive of deep concern for the event.
Alas! how painful is the idea, that a path so plain and easy, as that which lay before the French nation, should have been rendered intricate and thorny—a prospect so bright and certain, should have been rendered obscure and precarious—not by the combination of royal despots—not by mercenary legions, threatening them with the horrors of fire and sword (for these, with unanimity and vigor, could easily be frustrated) but by a rash, fanatical, and unprincipled faction, by a set of hairbrained enthusiasts, played upon by designing knaves, who, after having destroyed the public confidence in the most enlightened and virtuous patriots in the country, and seized the reins of power into their own hands, are too unskillful to manage them with advantage, and too fond of domination to part with them.

flitting scene, exhibited in another nation—amidst our prayers to the great Ruler of the univ-erse to avert the danger which hangs over it—to still the rage of faction—harmonize the discordant councils, and protect the liberty and happiness of so large and interesting a portion of mankind—it is incumbent upon us, as prudent men, and citizens, to derive from it a so-lemn warning to ourselves—a lesson of caution, circumspection, and vigilance, for the direction of our own conduct.
It becomes every reflecting man in the United States, to ask himself this serious question, are there not among us too many of a character exactly similar to the men, who have plunged the affairs of France into the extreme disorder and jeopardy, in which they are now involved? Are there not men among us, who seem discontented with every thing that bears the semblance of regular and stable government? who seem to have no other object, than to keep the community in an unsettled, convulsed, and feverish state? who call all government tyranny, resistance to constitutional and necessary laws, patriotism, the friends of the laws and of rational liberty aristocrats, conspirators, and despots? who seem to think the business of government consists in perpetual change? that to undo and to do well, are things of synonymous import? and that the people can never be happy or safe, but when they are uneasy and alarmed?
If there are such men among us—for the love of country, for the sake of peace, for the sake of every thing that is dear and precious to us as men, as fathers, and as citizens, let us be upon our guard against their machinations, let us watch them with eagle eye; let us listen with caution to their smooth and deceitful tales; let us withhold from them the means of doing mischief; let us put our confidence in those whom we have found the steady advocates for good government and good order—neither liberty nor property can be safe without both.
The present is a very momentous crisis in the affairs of the United States—factious men are unusually active & noisy—They prove by the violence of their efforts the violence of the dis-ease—Let the event teach them that the citizens of these States have discernment enough to detect their designs, and steadiness enough to defeat them.
CATO.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
MR. FENNO, IT is too evident to be denied, that it has for a long time been considered as a very light affair to abuse and traduce the federal govern-ment—the measures which have been adopted, pursuant to the powers and principles of that government, and the men who have been the prime agents in effecting the happy alteration in the affairs of this country—the motives that have been imputed to these men, and the epi-thets with which a cabal has attempted to stig-matize them, are applicable only to the most abandoned characters that have disgraced the human species under the most detestable tyrann-ies that ever existed—and yet, the authors of these calumnies have the effrontery to complain in language peculiar to themselves, when only an individual of this cabal is “canvassed in his broad cardinal’s cap!”
BOB.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
ON THE BACK COUNTRY RESOLUTIONS.
NOTHING is more common than to find the worst designs accompanied with the best professions; not because hypocrisy pays some respect to virtue, but because it secures a bet-ter reception to its seducer. Even a ragged garment seems to spare the blushes of a vaga-bond; but now and then a lunatic chases to in-sult the world in his nakedness. The authors of the Pennsylvania back country resolutions against the excise seem to disdain the little nic-eties of decorum, and all the attentions with which men in civilized life who have points to carry usually attempt to soothe the feelings of those who may be expected to oppose them. Not feeling much respect for law and order, they proceed in the first instance to treat them with the extreme of outrage and contempt.—They call those who shall attempt to carry a law of the people into execution lost to all sense of virtue, unworthy of friendship and of the conversation even of such persons as the authors of the resolutions. They must be unworthy citizens indeed whom the fomenters of armed opposition to the law deem it disgraceful to as-sociate with!—It is the pride of free citizens and the characteristic of a republic that the laws gov-ern; yet those resolution makers who are willing to put the lives and properties of their brethren at risk by combining the force of the back country against the excise, hold it a dis-grace even to speak to such bad citizens as, having no sense of virtue, would keep the sword of rebellion in its scabbard, by assenting to carry the act into peaceable execution. We may judge how well they love liberty and whether they understand what it is, by their declared in-ention to obstruct the operation of the law by every legal measure. We hear of the majesty of the people, but did we ever know it more grossly insulted? Flying in the face of the peo-ple themselves and most audaciously counselling resistance to their authority is not merely let-ting down government, it is attempting to re-lax the ties of society. The people would lose all power of acting as a body, and their forming society would be labor lost, if their solemn acts of authority may be opposed and scornfully trampled upon as the authors of the resolutions propose.
Is it the grievance of the law that their mo-ney is to be paid? In an equal government why should they not pay their part? And how little of the duties is drawn from them com-pared with what is paid among them! They dislike the nature of the law. Let them point out wherein it is exceptionable. The powers of the officers are confined, the mode of trial is
in the due course of law. The many provi-sions of the act to prevent abuses, and to afford remedy for the misconduct of officers, furnish a signal proof of the watchfulness of Congress to guard against any violation of the principles of liberty, or oppression of the citizens.—Let the fomenters of mischief manifest as much respect for liberty. These mock friends of liberty should be told what its real friends well know, that when law is made to fall by force, every thing that law and order secure, must fall with it.
ONE OF THE PEOPLE.
Extract of a publication which appeared in the Virginia Chronicle the 22d ult.
IN the second publication of Mr. BANKS, he seems apprehensive that, if the Legislature should withhold the recommendation for a con-vention, the people may be forced to regenerate their government by a direct assumption of their original rights; that is, I presume, if the Legif-lature do not recommend a convention to be called, that they must be annihilated, and we shall fall into a State of nature. But I want to know in what manner this is to be done, for I see none, unless by open sedition. His appre-hensions are groundless; the virtuous citizens of Virginia, are not disposed to commit such an outrage on all good order and government, nor will they be stimulated by his seditious publica-tions. Nor has he weight sufficient to sow the seeds of dissention between “the active and in-dustrious sons of the mountain,” and those, (as he emphatically and elegantly expresses it) “whose stars have given them locality, near a fishing shore, oyster creek or crab cove.”
Public opinion may censure me for having ob-truded on its patience remarks upon produc-tions that rather merited silent contempt. I feel the force of the reproof, nor should I have been induced had these productions been con-fined to Virginia: but they have been reprint-ed in a neighboring State; for what end it is difficult to conjecture, unless the acrimony with which they treat the measures of the general government afforded a gratification.—The Edi-tor of the National Gazette, and the host of malcontents, must be extremely hard pressed, when the aid of a writer is required, whose only merit is invective, and whose abilities and im-portance are equally imaginary.
Foreign Affairs.
MADRID, July 12.
THE Count de Florida Blanca, who since his disgrace has lived in re-tirement at Ellin, a small town of the kingdom of Murcia, was arrested the night before last, by order of the king, and conducted by an Alcaide, and an escort of soldiers to the Castle of Pampeluna. The offences with which he is charged are of a very se-rious nature—abuse of authority and dissipation of the national treasure.
LISLE, July 17.
Some little justice has been done here, at length, to the ashes of the unfortunate Dillon. A man, called the Sieur Vasseur, who was one of the most active and principal in attack-ing the ill-fated General, and after-wards burning his body, was tried lately, and condemned to lose his head.
The sentence was carried into exe-cution on Friday last; amidst an im-mense number of spectators. He ap-peared to be little affected at his ap-proaching death, and walked with a steady step to the scaffold, which was erected precisely on the spot where the remains of the unfortunate Dil-lon were consumed to ashes.
Having ascended the scaffold, he addressed himself to the surrounding multitude, and said, with an audible voice, “that at the moment of his taking part against the deceased Ge-neral, he acted under a persuasion, according to the universal report on the occasion, that he had betrayed the army; and however he might have since been convinced, that the General was misrepresented, he, ne-vertheless, from the above-mentioned conviction, at the time, could not help considering himself, in some measure, as a martyr to the cause of the nation. Consequences, he added, might have shewn his zeal a mistaken one; but at the moment of his con-duct, he considered himself as taking a laudable part against one who was represented, and whom he then be-lieved to be a traitor.”
He then submitted himself to the executioner, who, by an apparatus, new, at least here, and called a Lou-ison, was decapitated in an instant.
PARIS, August 1.
The curious manifesto of the Duke of Brunswick has made little sensati-on on the public mind. Absorbed in our more important affairs of a petty broil in the Champs Elysees—of the great question, whether one of the walks in the Thuilleries ought not to be taken from the king for the amuse-ment of the people—of the feasts of
the federates—and of the conduct of La Fayette—we have no time to give to the 200,000 Austrians and Prussians who are ready to burst into the king-dom. The Duke of Brunswick’s ma-nifesto might perhaps have engaged the attention of M. Brissot, if a letter of more consequence to French liber-ty had not come forth, viz. a letter from the minister of justice, directing that some assassins who had committed murder, should be prosecuted accord-ing to law. This incontestable proof of the treason of the court, engages all his indignation, and he has nei-ther patience nor time to devote to the enemies of his country!
Such, alas! is the deplorable insa-nity of France at the present moment; and thus is the grand question of li-berty utterly abandoned. Do not imagine that I say this in the spirit of party. I abhor them both; for the intrigue, pride and obstinacy of the Feuillants are perhaps no less disas-trous than the turbulence, lunacy, and idiotism of the Jacobins. Nei-ther of them will suffer France to be saved but in their particular way. They will neither of them abate from their principle, though by their main-tenance of it they see the gulph open to receive them. Can a man, who like myself was a witness of the glo-rious effects of union in America—who know from experience, that even with a tenth part of their resources they would be invincible if animated by a common spirit, behold this ex-ecrable discord without indignation? My abhorrence is augmented when I see that the spirit of the people is quick—their ardor unabated by all they have suffered—their confidence undiminished by all that they see.—And that they only want wisdom in the legislature, & activity at the helm, to direct their enthusiasm to its true object. Ten thousand seven hundred and fifteen volunteers have entered themselves in eight days, and actual-ly set out yesterday for the camp. These were provoked by no bounty, no enlisting money whatever was giv-en them,—it was the working of the constitution on their hearts, and sim-ilar ardor burns in every department.
Some persons effect to distrust the authenticity of the manifesto, with the Duke of Brunswick’s name. “It is impossible,” says one writer, “that even this man who lives on human sa-crifice, should have published any thing so savage, and so outrageous as this paper. That it was in the Brus-sells gazette, is no proof—It may be the policy of Austria, after having committed their new allies, to make them contemptible.” A more faga-cious and temperate Editor, enum-erates critical reasons for disbelieving it, and then says,
“If after all it be true, that the Duke of Brunswick has outraged to this degree the dignity and indepen-dence of a great people, who desire only to be free, shall not this cruel affront reawaken in the souls of French-men, the sentiment of National honor, and unite all the spirits and powers in one central direction, which shall have the sole view of saving us from the basest of servitudes.”
In the mean time, we have at length got a foreign minister of sense and vigour. It is M. De St. Croix, whose conduct at Coblenz, as Minister Ple-nipotentiary, every man applauded.—He is active and brave. With a fruitful mind, and an undaunted tem-per, he takes to sea, as pilot of his country, in this perilous storm. May he ride triumphant through the bil-lows, and bring the National bark safe and glorious into harbour.—Alas! alas! that in such a tempest, and with a shattered vessel, the crew should be mutinous!
A Municipal officer is arrived from a village near Valenciennes. He complains that on account of his be-ing reputed a Jacobin, he has very narrowly escaped being assassinated by the officers of a body of Chasseurs. He says, that he is no longer in his village. His case is referred to the cognizance of the Tribunals, & a de-crees is passed for taking him under the protection of the law.
Some members of the Belgic com-mission demanded—1. That M. Jarry be punished.—2. Succours for the Le-gions and Belgic Troops serving in the French army. Their demand was supported by M. Duhem, who
said that instead of being punished, M. Jarry has been appointed Lieute-nant-General.
M. Arena moved that the late mi-nistry be punished, without excepting one individual, as being guilty of having betrayed the nation. The petition of the Belgians was referred to the extraordinary committee. The Minister shall be interrogated to know whether it be true that the confagra-tion at Courtray has been the means of getting M. Jarry promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY,
JULY 25.
An officer appeared at the bar, and proposed that the coach and saddle horses kept by any person for plea-sure, should all be seized for the use of the army; and that the front line of all the regular troops be armed with pikes.—Referred to the military committee.
July 26. M. d’Averhoul gives up his seat in the August Diet for the pleasure of joining the army. M. Paysaveaux thought, by so doing, he was guilty of perjury.
Heard a project from the military committee, for encreasing the number of general officers by the admission of old officers who have retired.
The left-hand members disliked the project, because the old officers are, most of them, cidevant nobles.
M. Dumas said that the nobles are hunted and persecuted as if they were all in a state of proscription.—Hissed by the galleries, and the project de-creed.
LONDON, August 10.
The French National Assembly, by the latest accounts, appear to be much less favorably disposed towards the petition of M. Pétion, for the deposi-tion of the King, than was at first ima-gined. Many of those who till lately have been most violent Jacobins, de-claim against this petition, as uncon-stitutional and detestable.
Criminal justice is now conducted in Paris, pretty nearly on the same plan as in London. The fourth ses-sion of their criminal tribunal ended on July 29, in which 6 prisoners were condemned to capital punishment, 32 to imprisonment for different pe-riods, and 33 acquitted.
Among the curiosities going to Chi-na with the splendid embassy, is a sil-ver swan, so light in its construction, and chased in such a manner, as to appear at a very small distance per-fectly natural. The head and the wings also seem to have a natural mo-tion.
The real and personal property of the late Sir Richard Arkwright, is es-timated at little short of half a mill-ion of money. From the humble sta-tion of a Barber at a village near Manchester, he gradually rose in the acquisition of his vast wealth, by the accidental purchase of a single piece of mechanism called the Spinning Jenny, the invention of an ingenious carpenter, who, as report says, offer-ed it for sale from mere necessity.
A morning paper yesterday infor-med its readers, that M. Desmottes, Adjutant-General to M. La Fayette, was dead of the wounds civically in-flicted on him on the Terrace des Feuillants, a few weeks ago—and this was repeated in an evening paper. M. Desmottes as we have already stated in our accounts from the French army, was mortally wounded in the successful attack made by La Fayette on the Austrians, near Longwy. From this specimen, the public may judge of the fabrications attempted to be imposed upon them, under the title of authentic information from the correspondents of certain papers in Paris.
A deficit of two millions of livres has been discovered in the accounts of the finances of the French emigrant Princes—Calonne is in disgrace, and M. Mallet du Pin fills his place.
On Thursday last, being the 2d of August, his Grace the Duke of Marl-borough presented a white satin French banner, ornamented with fleurs de lis, to his Majesty at Windsor Castle, according to annual usage, as the service by which he holds the princely manor and demesnes of Blen-heim: by the custom of this manor, if a banner is not thus presented eve-ry year before twelve o’clock a noon, the whole estate lapses to the crown.

The government of this country has acted with its usual efficiency in making the Embassy to China as splendid as the riches and good taste of the country can invent. Nothing short of what it is intended to be, could promise success to the undertaking. The Chinese profess such utter contempt towards all European nations, as well as for their arts and sciences, that we must surprise them with our ingenuity and splendor, before we can hope to be admitted into their good opinion.
Mr. Cameron's celebrated single vine, which completely fills one hot house, at his seat of Valentines, in Essex, sixty feet in length, has produced this season, near 300lb weight of the finest flavored grapes.
Extract of a letter, dated Coblenz, July 18.
"From Frankfort we have just received advices, stating, that a plot of the deepest dye had been laid to assassinate the new Sovereign, and to re-act the dreadful tragedy lately performed at Stockholm.
"So secretly were the various machinations carried on, that the dreadful plot was upon the point of being put into execution, when one of the conspirators, struck with remorse and horror at the bloody deed, suddenly repaired to a magistrate, and revealed the treason, pleaded his contrition, and surrendered all that could be apprehended of his accomplices; relating, at the same time, who were the principals, and who the agents were for accomplishing the tremendous villainy.
"On taking these depositions, the magistrate immediately repaired to the Duke of Brunswick, who, in conjunction with the elector, issued orders for arresting Comte de Wittgenstein, commander of a regiment in the service of the French Princes, and cousin of the Prussian general of that name; likewise Messrs. Lequin, La Ceste, De Pimodan, and Mr. Vinezac, a major of the National Guard at Paris, resident near Coblenz."
Improvement in the Art of Bankruptcy.
An Irish correspondent writes—"The profession of bankruptcy, in this country, is reduced to a system, against which the law may direct its efforts in vain; for books can be purchased, with the accounts of Debtor and Creditor, Expenditure, &c. on a few days notice."
Philadelphia, Oct. 3.
ABSTRACT OF FOREIGN NEWS.
A Mr. Jenkinson, from England, is at Coblenz—said to be sent there by the British government on a pacific mission with respect to the affairs of France. The situation of Poland has also excited the attention of the British ministry.—A messenger has been dispatched from England to the King of Prussia, with provisional instructions to proceed from thence to Warsaw. It is said that if the King of the French should be deposed, he is to be delivered up in safety to the enemies of the liberties of France, without the least personal injury—if it is possible to preserve him from the rabble.
The Austrians have again entered the French territories at Bayay. General Dillon, who commands the French army in that quarter, had fallen back to Berlamont—where he has taken a strong position.—The Piedmontese have commenced hostilities against the French.—Coblenz is entirely evacuated by the emigrants, who are succeeded by the Prussians. Spain appears resolved to support her neutrality in respect to the affairs of France.—Whatever may be the immediate issue of the invasion of that kingdom, it is not to be imagined, says an English paper, that an attempt will be made to revive the old system of government, which, under Louis XIV. threatened the liberties of all Europe.—Protestant powers play a principal part in the drama, and Protestants have certainly had a principal hand in the revolution—the subjects of the combined powers are largely interested in the French funds, and a restoration of despotism would be followed by bankruptcy, which would be ruinous to them.
Three English artists, Messrs. Sharp, Smirke and Boyer, have executed a print of Lord Cornwallis, receiving, as hostages, the two sons of Tippoo Sultan.—The subscription for the Poles appears to be a measure highly popular in England.—At the head of the committee for its management, we find the Lord Mayor of London, the Sheriffs of that city, followed by a large number of the first characters.—M. de St. Croix, the new French minister of foreign affairs, is an active and brave man, firmly attached to the revolution—his appointment is generally approved, and has inspired the people with confidence.—A letter from Paris of 7th August, says, the question respecting M. de la Fayette is to come on the Thursday following, when the strength of parties will be decided. If he should be dismissed, the King will be deposed—but, says the writer, "I am of opinion from what I
see, that they will not be so rash and desperate as to dismiss him."
The titles and registered proofs of nobility lately burnt at Paris, amounted to near 600 immense folios—"De la recherche de la Noblesse," in 292 vols. and "Le preues de Noblesse," to 300 vols.—Advice is said to be received at Paris, that M. d'Aranda had given leave to the Jesuits to return to Spain.
The Prussians continue to advance into the territories of Poland. As they proceed on both sides of Warsaw, many of the Polish Noblemen quit their country and retire to places of safety. Some are arrived at Vienna, &c.
In the late conflagration of the archives of the Nobility of France, the Marchioness La Ferrerie brought the records of her own titles, and threw them into the fire, amidst the shouts of her fellow citizens.—Denmark and Sweden are determined to preserve a perfect neutrality in regard to France and Poland.
Divisions among the Jacobins are talked of—Should this be the case, the right cause in France, that of the Constitution, will perish. [See Gen. Adv. of Monday last.]
M. de la Fayette, speaking of the Jacobin Club, in his letter to the National Assembly, says—"Can you disseminate that a faction, and, to avoid vague denominations, that the Jacobin faction has occasioned all the disorders.—It is to that faction that I loudly impute them.
It is there that, in public settings, love of the laws is denominated aristocracy, and their infraction, patriotism.
There the assassins of Desilles receive triumphs—the crimes of Jourdan find panegyrics—there also the recital of the assassination that stained the city of Metz, excited internal acclamations of joy."
WOODBURY ACADEMY.
On Thursday the 20th ult. the Students of the Woodbury Academy were examined, in the presence of a number of gentlemen of literary character, and gave very satisfactory proofs of their improvement in the Latin and Greek languages, English Grammar, Geography, and the use of the terrestrial Globe.—After their examination on these branches of education, they exhibited to a numerous and genteel audience a pleasing specimen of their talents in public speaking, and many of them discovered presages of eminence in future life.
At the anniversary commencement at Princeton, the 26th ult. the degree of Bachelor of Arts was conferred on 36, and that of Master in Arts, on eleven gentlemen.
CHARLES THOMPSON, Esq. has declined serving as a Member of Congress.
Extract of a letter from Maryland Sept. 22.
"Some persons among us who have scarce any other medium of political information but the National Gazette, have lately expressed some apprehensions for the safety of our freedom, and the continuance of that national prosperity and happiness which we now enjoy—yet I can scarcely believe it possible for any artifice however ingenious, malevolent, or insidiously specious to destroy the ordinary effect of the evidence of men's senses. Much, however, has been effected through the medium of the passions, even against this. If any extensive impression should be made by this gentleman and his patriotic authors it must be by the assistance of those characters (some such there are no doubt in all places) who despairing of rising into notice and being elevated to public trust in a more virtuous way are led to attempt it in this.—And in this pursuit they will no doubt profit by the history of its success in all popular governments; yet I do not fear but it will find its wings clip't by the superior degree of sagacity which the people of these States possess. I am happy that as yet these detestable machinations have not been able to disturb the repose of that part of the United States in which I live; we feel no apprehension—we fear no pseudo-aristocracies while things continue to go on as they have hitherto to do; and I trust we are not wanting in ingenuity or the needful vigilance; though we are happily not tinctured with the extreme jealousy of these pretended guardians of their country's freedom."
COMMUNICATIONS.
It has been intimated in the Nation's Gazette, that there is a necessity for another revolution in America. This is one of the most astonishing ideas that ever escaped our hot heads. It is a kind of madness that soars above Bedlam.—What is the revolution to accomplish? The government is already in the people's own hands. Do these fanatics wish, by another revolution, to have it change hands? The people being already possessed of all, these revolutionists can only intend to set them down at the end of a term of carnage and desolation, with less than they set out with: more they cannot have—in the scuffle they may lose all.—Tho' a revolution could not benefit the people, it might those who bring it on. Those who own no part of the cargo, by running the ship on shore, may pick something out of the wreck—and certainly they can lose nothing.
We hear a great deal from the enemies of our peace about the few ruling the many.—They consider this as anti-republican. Yet they seem to approve of measures very inconsistent with this principle. When a law, that is, the will of the many, is resisted by the violence of a few, they honor the perpetrators of the outrage as men possessing a true republican independence of spirit. The insult to an excise officer at Germantown is with them an hopeful proof of what may be done. Are not the people insulted when their laws are resisted? Are not the lives and the property of the many exposed to extreme danger, when the laws, the barriers that fence them in are thrown down? If force is to annul one law, will it spare another? Those who clamor against the excise, and encourage resistance, are not republicans.
If the public mind were always directed by an infallible impulse, the work of legislation, so far from being, as it really is the most difficult thing in the world, would be level to every capacity—care and circumspection in electing the public functionaries, would be entirely unnecessary.
The man that has ability and resolution to attempt rendering solid and enduring services to his country, must often do it at the hazard of present popularity. An independent declaration of the truth is attended frequently with the loss of friends in private life—it is the characteristic of party, that it flatters while it betrays—and in public life, the man who is superior to party influence, finds the best pretensions to public honor stigmatized with opprobrium and detraction.
The face of our country is charming in our eyes, as well as in those of strangers who visit it. We take pleasure in hearing them express their approbation of what they see. We are flattered still more by finding that they like the inhabitants, and we love our country and the cause of freedom the better for believing that they will go home and diffuse through their several countries an high opinion of our nation. Our newspapers are sent into foreign countries, and those who read them, form their notions of us from the accounts they contain of our situation and expectations. What good end do those writers who fill them with slanders of men and measures expect to answer? Do they fancy that foreigners will respect a people whom they describe as destitute of rights, having lost them very lately; their property tyrannically torn from them by excise officers whom they are indirectly advised to tar and feather. Will they chuse to remove with their estates, their workmen, and curious arts, into a country which is so ignorantly and villainously governed as the newspapers represent? In France they consider our condition as a triumphant proof of the efficacy of the principles of liberty. Other nations are beginning to adopt their ideas. But we have men who are labouring to undeceive them, and to induce great numbers to stay at home, instead of emigrating to this land of oppression. It is so much the interest of the rulers of nations to keep the industrious and wealthy people at home, that we may be sure every advantage will be taken of the scandalous paragraphs published here, in order to discourage the throngs of settlers who are disposed to cultivate our forests—It must be confessed, if these writers are paid by any foreign power to misrepresent and discredit the affairs of the country, they are well entitled to their reward.
In proportion as the authority of the laws is enforced, that of powerful individuals is diminished. In a state approaching to anarchy, the men of sense and property, who are the natural aristocrats of all societies, rise high above their fellow citizens. A feeble and tottering government is the most favorable to those who are in a condition to govern parties—for in effect, at such times they govern the state. Individuals then weigh nothing, the men having influence in parties engross all power. It is obvious therefore that equal laws steadily enforced are favorable to the body of the people, on whom they confer and to whom they secure equal rights. The aristocrats, the powerful individuals, in that case sink down to the common level. The laws regarding rights and not persons, lose their aristocratical prerogatives. These observations furnish a clue to understand the complaints against the laws of the United States. Being equal, and framed according to the general voice, they secure the rights of the citizens. But these same equal rights cannot operate without abridging the aristocratical pretensions of those who have led parties in the several states. It is curious to hear the cry of aristocracy begun by the very aristocrats, and addressed to the men who have recovered, as members of a free government, the rights on which the complainers had encroached. Look at the judicial system of the United States; is there in that, or any other law of Congress, any violation of the equal rights of the people? Yet the clamourers against the laws would lead one to suppose that it is intended to wrest some fragment of power from government, to augment the rights of the citizens. Nothing is farther from the purpose of the clamourers, or the natural course of things. The observations heretofore made will show that by enacting the laws, the people will lose their protection, while the leaders of parties, the natural aristocrats, will assume the power of them. Many clamourers against Congress may feel sincere in their opposition, because they feel conscious that they have sunk as the laws have risen. But the world need not now be told, at this stage of its political scholarship, that an equal and firm representative government, is the destruction of aristocracy. It might be indelicate to illustrate these remarks by touching facts existing in some of the states. A knowledge of these and of human nature, will enable us to understand that government is the evil, and anarchy the remedy which the most malignant complainers have in view.
Postscript.
The ship New-York, Capt. Smith, arrived at New-York on Saturday last, in 30 days from Plymouth. The following is an abstract of important intelligence received by the above vessel:
The question on M. de la Fayette is decided by the National Assembly—the committee reported that he had been guilty of high treason, &c.—at the close of the debate on this report, there appeared 224 members of the Assembly in favor of accepting it, and 400 against it. On leaving the Hall, the majority were grossly insulted by a great mob, among which were a number of women.—Accounts were received in London the 14th August, that the King of the French had been before the Assembly, and was Deposed—The Swiss Guards cut to pieces, and that the Queen and Dauphin had thrown themselves on the mercy of the National Assembly—This happened on the 10th August.
The statues of all the Kings were thrown down, and every vestige of Royalty destroyed. The King is sent to the hotel of justice—he is furnished with a guard under the orders of the Mayor of Paris—who with the commandant of the National Guard are answerable for his safety; he is allowed 500,000 livres for his expenses, until the meeting of a national convention.
"The National Assembly declares that the King is suspended; and that both himself and his family remain as hostages; and that the Assembly proceed to replace them; that the civil list cease to take place."
"GENSONNE—President." An important decree has passed the Assembly—"That as the Patriot of to-day may be a Traitor to-morrow, ALL OFFICERS SHALL BE CHOSEN BY THE SOLDIERS."
The fifteen Southern Departments of France have offered from 400,000 to 30,000 livres for the heads of the Emperor, King of Prussia, &c. &c. and it is said the Emperor and King of Prussia have offered a million for that of M. Petion, Mayor of Paris. M. Clermont de Tonnerre, and a number of other persons of distinction were killed in the commotion on the 10th August. The Swiss guards consisted of 700 men, after having killed about 1000 of the mob, which amounted to 100,000—12 pieces of cannon loaded with grape shot being brought to bear on the guards, they were soon mowed down.
The Decree of the National Assembly to allure the Austrians to desert, has had such an effect, that 700, it is said deserted in one night—Paris was again in tranquility at the date of the last accounts—Marshal Luckner had surrounded and taken 500 Austrians, with 220 horses and 6 cannon.
The new constitution of Poland is revoked; this measure was recommended by the King as the only alternative to prevent the further effusion of blood, and the dismemberment of the kingdom.
A cessation of hostilities has taken place between the Russians and Poles, and on the 29th July the treaty was to be ratified.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
"A faithful king and nation implore thy assistance, and will praise in hymns of gratitude thy providence and mercy."
Address of the King and Diet of Poland.
PARAPHRASE.
O THOU—who from thy glorious throne on high, Hear'st with compassion when thy children cry; Thy gracious audience give—thine arm extend—Hear the oppressed—and their cause defend: Break ev'ry chain that cramps the freeborn mind, Hurl vengeance on the tyrants of mankind—May those who struggle in the noblest cause, "The RIGHTS OF MAN," on just and equal laws, Superior rise to all the arts of pow'r, And shout thy mercy in the trying hour! May POLAND be supported in her claim, And disappointment blast the despot's aim; Back to their dens the Russian horde be driven, And hymns of triumph praise the God of heav'n.
Cure for Consumptions and Asthmas, apparently in their last stages.
TWO instances are cited in an English paper of persons (who were so far gone in the above disorders as to be given over by their physicians) being cured of these complaints by smoking, without spitting, swallowing the saliva as it formed in the mouth—expectorating only the phlegm.—A correspondent says he has heard of the most salutary effects being derived in consumptive cases, from constantly keeping a piece of the hardest biscuit in the mouth, and swallowing the saliva it occasions.
SHIP NEWS.
ARRIVED AT THE PORT OF PHILADELPHIA.
  Ship Elizabeth, Farrie, Glasgow   Ann, Foster, St. Petersburg   Ariel, Decatur, N. York & Havre de Grace   Brig Fame, Hughs, Cadiz   Sch'r Ariel, Carver, Boston   Betsy, Earle, Virginia   Sloop Hannah, Butler, Rhode-Island   Sally, Burlingham, ditto   Little William, Duncomb, Havanna   Nancy, Ellwood, N. York   Samuel, Middleton, Charleston 
PRICE OF STOCKS.
  6 per Cents, 22 3/4 Int. off.   3 per Cents, 13 1/4   Deferred, 13 3/4   Full shares Bank U. S. 48 per cent. prem. 
The REPUBLICAN, No. 1.—A CHARGES and other factors, shall appear as soon as possible.

Stock Brokers Office,
No. 45, Great Dock-Street, NEW-YORK, THE Subscriber intending to confine himself entirely to the PURCHASE AND SALE OF STOCKS ON COMMISSION...
Orders from Philadelphia, Boston, or any other part of the United States will be strictly attended to.
LEONARD BLECKER. (t.f.)
Universal Hymn Book.
To be Sold by THOMAS DOBSON, and other Booksellers in Philadelphia, A Collection of PSALMS, HYMNS, and SPIRITUAL SONGS; selected from different Authors...
Strayed or Stolen,
FROM the subscriber, on the night of the 18th instant, from the inclosure of JOHN CLARK, of Trenton Township, Hunterdon county, New-Jersey, a Chestnut Sorrel MARE...
NEW-BRUNSWICK Church Lottery.
THE peculiar circumstances of a gentleman who had undertaken to dispose of a proportion of the tickets in the New-Brunswick Church Lottery...
N. B. ROBERT MORRIS, Esq. of New-Brunswick, is duly chosen one of the Managers of the said Lottery, and has given security and qualified agreeably to law. (ept01)
100 Dollars Reward.
LOST on Cambridge Common, Massachusetts, on the afternoon of the 18th ult. a Morocco POCKET-BOOK, with a steel clasp, containing a number of valuable papers...
The Subscriber hereby offers a reward of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS to any person or persons who has found the same, and will return them to him...
ABRAHAM FOSTER. Salem, Massachusetts, August 1, 1792. (ept1)
THE SUBSCRIBERS to the
Universal Tontine
Are informed, that a general meeting is to be held at the State-House in this city, on Saturday the 3d day of November next, at 10 o'clock, A. M.
NEW TEAS.
IMPERIAL, HYSON & SOUCHONG, Of the very first quality, and latest importation from Canton, via New-York, by retail, at No. 19, Third, between Chestnut and Market Streets.
BOWEN'S EXHIBITION OF Wax-Work & Paintings,
AT the House lately occupied by Mrs. PINE, in Eighth-street, is now ready for the entertainment of the Public. Among a great variety of Paintings, are a number of ITALIAN & FRENCH PIECES...
The Exhibition is open every day, from nine o'clock in the morning, until nine in the evening. Admittance HALF A DOLLAR for Ladies and Gentlemen, and half price for Children.
Tickets for the season, (not transferable) Two DOLLARS. For Sale, at the Exhibition Rooms, LIKENESSES OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, in Wax, And a variety of Elegant PRINTS in Frames. Sept. 21. (ept1)
BOOKS,
PRINTED AND SOLD BY MATHEW CAREY, No. 118, Market-Street, Philadelphia.
AMERICAN MUSEUM, from its commencement in January 1787, to June 1792, in eleven vols. Price, neatly bound and lettered, seventeen dollars and three fifths.
This work, which is now conducted on an improved plan, containing the best pieces published for and against the proceedings of government, will be found to contain at least as great a variety of political, agricultural, and miscellaneous essays, as any ever published in America.
2. Smith's Letters to Married Women, on Nursing and the management of Children.
"We recommend these letters to the perusal of those to whom they are particularly addressed." Monthly Review, vol. 38, p. 101. Price, bound, 62 cents.
3. Duncan's Elements of Logic---75 cents.
4. Beauties of Fielding---50 cents.
5. Beauties of Blair---50 cents.
6. Ladies' Pocket Library, containing Miss More's Essays, Gregory's Legacy, Lady Pennington's Advice, Marchioness of Lambert's Advice, Swift's Letter to a newly married Lady, Mrs. Chapone on command of Temper, More's Fables for the Ladies, Price 6/6.
7. Smith's History of New-York. Price a dollar and a quarter.
8. Elements of Moral Science, by James Beattie, L. L. D. professor of moral philosophy and logic in the Marischal College, Aberdeen. Price three-fourths of a dollar. Of this book the Critical Reviewers (vol. 69, p. 628) say: "We have seen nothing on these subjects more plain, more perspicuous, or more generally useful." N. B. It is introduced into the University in Philadelphia.
9. Beauties of Poetry. Price four-fifths of a dollar.
10. Blair's Sermons. Price two dollars.
11. Necker's Treatise on the importance of Religious Opinions. Price four-fifths of a dollar.
12. Examination of the Observations of Lord Sheffield on American Commerce. Price, on very fine paper, 5 8/10s of a dollar.
13. The Constitutions of the several United States, with the Federal Constitution, &c. Price five-eighths of a dollar.
14. M'Fingal. Price three-eighths of a dollar.
15. American Jest Book. Price three-fifths of a dollar.
16. Garden of the Soul. Price half a dollar.
17. The Doway Translation of the Vulgate Bible, in quarto. Price, elegantly bound and lettered, 50/6. plain, six dollars.
18. Devout Christian's Vade Mecum. Price a quarter dollar.
19. Think well on't. Price a quarter dollar.
20. Christian Economy. Price a fifth of a dollar.
21. History of Charles Grandison, abridged. Price a sixth of a dollar.
22. Poems by Col. Humphreys. Price a third of a dollar.
23. Select Poems, chiefly American. Price a sixth of a dollar.
Said CAREY has for sale, a large assortment of Books, European as well as American editions, which he will dispose of on the most reasonable terms. Country gentlemen, who favor him with commands, may depend upon being supplied in the most satisfactory manner. A liberal allowance to such as purchase quantities for public libraries, or to sell again.
George-Town.
A Number of LOTS in every situation which may be desired in City of WASHINGTON, will be offered for sale by the Commissioners, on Monday the 8th day of October next. One fourth part of the money to be paid down, the residue in three equal annual payments, with yearly interest on the whole principal unpaid.
JOHN M'GANTT, Clerk to the Commissioners. June 2, 1792. [ept1]
TO BE SOLD BY THE EDITOR,
AN ALPHABETICAL LIST of the Duties payable on all Goods, Wares and Merchandise imported into the United States; exhibiting the Rates payable on those imported in Ships or Vessels of the United States, and in Foreign Ships or Vessels; including the additional Duties to which the respective Articles are liable.
A TABLE for receiving and paying Gold— graduated according to Law—Blank Manifests— And Blanks for the various Powers of Attorney necessary in transacting Business at the Treasury or at the Bank of the United States.
Treasury Department,
AUGUST 10, 1792.
NOTICE is hereby given, that proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary of the Treasury, until the twenty-ninth day of September next inclusive, for the supply of all Rations which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January to the thirty-first day of December, 1793, both days inclusive, at the places, and within the districts hereafter mentioned, viz:
1. At any place or places betwixt York-Town & Carlisle, in the State of Pennsylvania, and Pittsburgh, and at Pittsburgh, York-Town and Carlisle. 2. At any place or places from Pittsburgh to the mouth of Big Beaver Creek, and at the mouth of Big Beaver Creek. 3. At any place or places from the said mouth to the upper falls of the said Big Beaver, and at the upper falls. 4. At any place or places from the said upper falls to Mahoning, and at Mahoning. 5. At any place or places from the said Mahoning over to the Head Navigation of the River Cuyahoga, and at the said Head Navigation. 6. At any place or places from the said Head Navigation to the mouth of the said River Cuyahoga, and at the said mouth. 7. At any place or places betwixt the mouth of the Big Beaver Creek to the mouth of the River Muskingum, and up the said River to the Tuscarawas, and at the Tuscarawas, and thence over to the Cuyahoga River, and thence down the said River to its mouth. 8. At any place or places betwixt the mouth of the River Muskingum and the mouth of the Scioto River, and at the mouth of the said River Scioto. 9. At any place or places betwixt the mouth of Scioto River and the mouth of the Great Miami, at the mouth of the Great Miami, and from thence to the Rapids or the Falls of the Ohio, and at the said Rapids. 10. At any place or places betwixt the mouth of the Great Miami, up the said Miami to and at Piqua Town. 11. At any place or places from Fort Washington to Fort Hamilton, and at Fort Hamilton. At any place or places from Fort Hamilton to Fort St. Clair, and at Fort St. Clair. 12. At any place or places from Fort St. Clair to Fort Jefferson, and at Fort Jefferson. 13. At any place or places from Fort Jefferson to the field of action of the 4th of November, 1791, and at the said field of action. 14. At any place or places from the said field of action to the Miami Villages, and at the Miami Villages. 15. At any place or places from the said Miami Villages to the Falls of the Miami River, which empties into Lake Erie, and at the said Falls, and from thence to its mouth, and at its mouth. 16. At any place or places from the mouth of the said Miami River of Lake Erie to Sandusky Lake, and at Sandusky Lake. 17. At any place or places from the said Sandusky Lake to the mouth of the River Cuyahoga. 18. At any place or places from the mouth of the said River Cuyahoga to Presque Isle, and at Presque Isle. 19. At any place or places from Presque Isle to the stream running into Lake Erie from towards the Jadaghque Lake, and thence over to and at the said Jadaghque Lake, and thence down the Alleghany River to Fort Franklin. 20. At any place or places from Presque Isle to Le Beuf, and at Le Beuf. 21. At any place or places from Le Beuf to Fort Franklin, and at Fort Franklin, and from thence to Pittsburgh. 22. At any place or places from the Rapids of the Ohio to the mouth of the Wabash River, and from the mouth of the said Wabash River to the mouth of the River Ohio. 23. At any place or places on the East side of the River Mississippi, from the mouth of the Ohio River, to the mouth of the Illinois River. 24. At any place or places on the East side of the Mississippi, between the mouth of the Ohio and the River Margot inclusively. 25. At any place or places from the said River Margot to the River Yazous inclusively. 26. At any place or places from the mouth of the said Wabash River up to Fort Knox, and at Fort Knox. 27. At any place or places from Fort Knox, up the said Wabash, to Ouittanon, and at Ouittanon. 28. At any place or places from Ouittanon, up the said Wabash, to the head navigation of a branch thereof called Little River, and at the said head navigation of Little River. 29. At any place or places from the said head navigation of Little River over to the Miami Village. 30. At any place or places from the mouth of the River Tenesse to Ocochappo or Bear Creek, on the said River, inclusively. 31. At any place or places from the mouth of the River Cumberland to Nashville, on the said River, and at Nashville.
And at any place or places within thirty miles of said Nashville to the Southward, Westward or Northward thereof.
Should any rations be required at any places, or within other districts, not specified in these proposals, the price of the same to be hereafter agreed on betwixt the public and the contractor.
The rations to be supplied are to consist of the following articles, viz:
One pound of bread or flour, One pound of beef, or 3/4 of a pound of pork, Half a jill of rum, brandy or whisky, One quart of salt, Two quarts of vinegar, Two pounds of soap, One pound of candles, } per 100 rations.
The rations are to be furnished in such quantities as that there shall at all times, during the said term, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at each of the said posts, for the space of at least three months in advance, in good and wholesome provisions, if the same shall be required.
It is to be understood in each case, that all losses sustained by the depredations of the enemy, or by means of the troops of the United States, shall be paid for at the prices of the articles captured or destroyed, on the depositions of two or more credible characters, and the certificate of a commissioned officer, ascertaining the circumstances of the loss, and the amount of the articles for which compensation is claimed.
The contract for the above supplies will be made either for one year, or for two years, as may appear eligible. Persons disposed to contract will therefore confine their offers to one year, or they may make their propositions so as to admit an extension of the term of two years.
The offers may comprise all the places which have been specified, or a part of them only.
Treasury Department,
AUGUST 20th, 1792.
NOTICE is hereby given, that proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary of the Treasury, until the 13th day of October next inclusive, for the supply of all rations which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January to the thirty-first day of December 1793, both days inclusive, at Springfield, in the State of Massachusetts, and the Port of West-Point, in the State of New-York.
The rations to be supplied, are to consist of the following articles, viz:
One pound of bread or flour, One pound of beef, or 3/4 of a pound of pork, Half a jill of rum, brandy or whisky, One quart of salt, Two quarts of vinegar, Two pounds of soap, One pound of candles, } per 100 rations.
The proposals may be made for both of the above-mentioned Posts, or separately, for Springfield and West-Point.
Treasury Department,
AUGUST, 20th, 1792.
NOTICE is hereby given, that proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary of the Treasury until the fourth day of October next inclusive, for the supply of the following articles of Clothing for the Troops in the service of the United States—viz:
Table with 2 columns: Article, Quantity. Rows: Hats (4608, 18460), Coats (4608, 7956), Vests (4608, 4608), Woolen Overalls (8668, 4608), Linen Overalls (9216, 4608), Shoes (18376, 4608).
FOR THE CAVALRY.
Table with 2 columns: Article, Quantity. Rows: Caps (360, 720), Coats (360, 1440), Vests (360, 360), Pair of Leather (360, 360), Breeches (720, 1200), Pair of Boots (360, 1200), Pair of Spurs (360, 1200).
The above Clothing to be delivered either in New-York, Philadelphia or Baltimore, at the option of the contractor or contractors, on or before the 15th day of June, 1793.
The proposals may comprise the whole of the before-mentioned Clothing, or any one or more of the component articles; to be furnished agreeably to patterns or specimens, which will be shown at the War Office. Good security will be required for the punctual and faithful performance of the contract. The payment will be on the delivery of the Clothing, or, if necessary, such reasonable advances will be made as the Secretary of the Treasury shall deem expedient.
War Department,
AUGUST 6, 1792.
INFORMATION is hereby given to all the Military Invalids of the United States, that the sums to which they are intitled for six months of their annual pension, from the 4th day of March 1792, and which will become due on the 5th day of September 1792, will be paid on the said day by the Commissioners of the Loans within the States respectively, under the usual regulations, viz:
Every application for payment must be accompanied by the following vouchers.
1st. The certificate given by the State, specifying that the person possessing the same is in fact an invalid, and ascertaining the sum to which as such he is annually intitled.
2d. An affidavit, agreeably to the following form:
A. B. came before me, one of the Justices of the county of _____ in the state of _____ and made oath that he is the same A. B. to whom the original certificate in his possession was given, of which the following is a copy (the certificate given by the State to be recited) That he served _____ (regiment, corps or vessel) at the time he was disabled, and that he now resides in the _____ and county of _____ and has resided there for the last _____ years, previous to which he resided in _____
In case an invalid should apply for payment by an attorney, the said attorney, besides the certificate and oath before recited, must produce a special letter of attorney agreeably to the following form:
I, A. B. of _____ county of _____ state of _____ do hereby constitute and appoint C. D. of _____ my lawful attorney, to receive in my behalf of _____ my pension for six months, as an invalid of the United States, from the fourth day of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-two, and ending the fifth day of September, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-two.
Signed and sealed in the presence of _____ {Witnesses.
Acknowledged before me. Applications of executors and administrators must be accompanied with legal evidence of their respective offices, and also of the time the invalids died, whose pension they may claim.
By command of the President of the United States, H. KNOX, Secretary of War.
The Printers in the respective States are requested to publish the above in their newspapers, for the space of two months.
PLANS
OF THE
City of Washington,
Sold by the BOOKSELLERS, DOBSON, CAREY, YOUNG, & CROOKSHANK.
The price of this Gazette is Three Dollars per annum—One half to be paid at the time of subscribing.