Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1793-05-22 00:00:00

M Roger (-405-) Gazette of the United States.
A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 34, NORTH FIFTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 102 of Vol. IV.]
WEDNESDAY, MAY 22, 1793.
[Whole No. 424.]
For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES.
THOUGHTS ON THE STATE OF AMERICAN INDIANS.
(Continued from No. 99, of this Gazette.)
No. VII.
THE civilization of the Indians is a subject so very important, and yet so little investigated, that in the first attempt to bring it before the public, little more than an enumeration of expedients can reasonably be expected. Let the following observations therefore be considered as intended to excite the public investigation of the subject, rather than as a regular and digested plan proper to be carried into effect.
The experience of past ages, and of nations in similar circumstances, may serve to guide our researches in this new and interesting inquiry.
In the history of the progress of nations from barbarism to civility, we find that the worship of the Deity—the institution of marriage, and the establishment of private property—have entered into the foundation on which the superstructure of civil society has been erected. These are necessary to give form and permanency to its establishment. Each of these is of itself insufficient—it is their union and joint influence, with the effects that naturally result from them, that give society its perfect form. The investigation of each of these principles which compose the foundation of civil society, merits attention in the development of this subject. Some remarks upon the first of them, will be the substance of the present essay.
The idea of a Supreme Being, is either originally instamped upon the human mind, or is among the first impressions which it receives from the exercise of its own powers. All men at times feel their dependence upon a Superior, and seek occasionally, by external homage, to deprecate his anger and secure his favour. It is perhaps impossible to efface this impression from the human heart—it is the link which connects material with immaterial existence. It is uncertain how far civil government would be practicable without the aid of these sentiments. In its best form, it is far from being a perfect work. The limited extent of its law—the imperfection of its sanctions—the inequalities and distinctions which it creates—with the temptations to fraud, injustice and cruelty, are calculated to excite envy and inquietude in the minds of the least fortunate members of the community; who, without the co-operation of religious principles, would be continually endeavoring to throw off all legal restraint, and to dissolve the bands of the society, in order to riot on the spoils of the public, or to re-establish it on a foundation more agreeable to their wishes and interests.
The belief of a Supreme Being—infinite in power, wisdom, purity, justice and goodness—of a future state—of retribution—of an universal judgment, and of an eternal award—penetrates the heart, arrests the conscience, and restrains the impetuosity of the passions. It leads to obedience and submission, by annexing the idea of duty to the sacrifices of personal interest, to the present order of things, and by the prospect of a period when an equitable distribution shall be made by the Sovereign of the Universe.
And by enforcing the rights of imperfect obligation—by inculcating the exercise of the social virtues—by restraining secret crimes—by corroborating the authority of the laws, and by giving additional energy to their sanctions—it is admirably calculated to remedy the inconveniences, and supply the defects of civil government. These principles are simple and uniform, adapted to every capacity, and suited to every stage of society and age of the world.
In rude and ignorant times, men not having compass of mind enough to trace these impressions to their source, or to deduce all things from one simple cause, followed the impulse of their imaginations and their passions. In this state of mens' minds, every deviation from the ordinary course of things alarms their fears, and they have recourse to superior and invisible powers to relieve them from the evils which they dread. They ascribe to a distinct cause every uncommon event—and by these means, multiply their Gods without number. They clothe them with the passions and weaknesses of mortals, and pay them an homage that corresponds to their origin and their attributes. Men of superior sagacity have availed themselves of this weakness—augmented the reputation of the current superstitions, formed them into system, and made them the basis of their laws and policy. The introduction of laws and government in most nations, of whose origin we have any distinct tradition, was effected in this manner.
The holy religion that we possess, is indeed in every respect different from the systems of superstition which the ignorance and credulity of mankind have invented. The one sets before us a standard of perfect excellence, which we are commanded at our peril to imi-
tate—the other clothes the objects of its worship with the frailties of men. The one in effect leads to purity and virtue—the other, to depravity and folly. What use may be made of true religion in civilizing the Indians, I will not pretend to determine—But that it may be of some service, I think evident. If superstition and false religion were found necessary to the establishment of civil society and civil laws—surely true religion is equally necessary, and will be equally effectual. Such is the attachment of the Indians to their manners and customs—such the strength and violence of their passions, and such the nature and number of their vices, that no change can be introduced among them in these respects but by interesting the strongest passions of the human mind. No sentiments so easily reach the heart, and none so powerfully impress the mind, as those which relate to religion. The doctrines, the precepts, and the institutions of religion, are all calculated to enlighten, to humanize and to interest the human mind—to soften the manners, and to extend and strengthen the social affections.
No principle will be so efficacious in changing the habits of the savages, as religion—This is evident not only from the nature of things—the constitution of the human mind, and the power of superstition in past ages—but from the experience we have actually had of the effects of it on the temper and manners of the Indians.
The success of Mr. David Brainerd among the Indians in New-Jersey, has been laid before the public. By the indefatigable exertions and well directed zeal of that pious and judicious missionary, a considerable number of the savages were prevailed on to forsake their wandering way of life—to form themselves into a society, and to attend to agriculture. He established a school among them, and the youth made great proficiency even during his residence among them.*
In the history of the Five Nations, we are informed that by the exertions of two succeeding missionaries, they were reformed in a great measure from the vice of drunkenness—from the practice of divorcing each other on frivolous pretences—from the exercise of cruelty to their prisoners, and in some measure from their propensity to war†. From such favorable beginnings, what might not be expected from a vigorous prosecution of similar measures.
From these experiments we may infer, the religion, pure, simple, and unadulterated by superstitious ceremonies, or any false mixture, would be a powerful instrument in effecting the civilization of our American Indians—and a well digested plan for this purpose deserves the patronage of the benevolent.
NOTE.
In addition to these instances, I might mention the success of the Jesuits in Paraguay in South-America: They brought the Indians to live in towns, to cultivate the earth, to exercise the arts, to submit to civil subordination, and even to aspire to liberal improvements.
* Life of Brainerd, p. 177—304.
† Colden's History of the Five Nations.
FROM THE FEDERAL GAZETTE, OF SATURDAY LAST.
Yesterday afternoon, the citizens of Philadelphia, agreeably to a notification for that purpose, attended a meeting in the State-house garden. An address congratulating Mr. Genet on his arrival was read, and unanimously adopted—It was immediately presented to the Minister, at the City-tavern, and is as follows:
To Edmund Charles GENET, Minister Plenipotentiary from the Republic of France, to the United States,—THE ADDRESS of the Citizens of Philadelphia.
SIR,
The Citizens of Philadelphia are anxious to convey their congratulations upon your arrival, in terms the most cordial and acceptable. We have, with pleasure, on former occasions, acknowledged our obligations, and declared our attachment to the people of France; but, at this moment, we are peculiarly gratified, by recognizing, in the Minister of our first and best Ally, the representative of a Free Republic.
Impressed with the value of our political independence; recollecting, with an honest pride, the Glory and Success, which, in the pursuit of that object, crowned the virtue and fortitude of America; and estimating the present reputation and prosperity of the union, as blessings resulting from the Revolution; we cannot without gratitude, consider, how great a portion of our triumph and our happiness, was derived from the zealous and disinterested aid of your countrymen; nor can we without diffimulation, suppress our joy, that the nation, which so generously contributed to rescue the liberties of America, has, at length, with unparalleled magnanimity, established her own.
From such feelings, sir, we have been naturally led to contemplate the struggles of France with a paternal eye; sympathizing in all her calamities; and exulting in all her
successes: but there is another interest, the interest of Freedom and Equality, which adds to the force of our affections, and renders the cause of France important to every republic, and dear to all the human race.
Be assured, therefore, that justly regarding the cultivation of republican principles, as the best security for the permanency of our own popular governments, we rest our favorite hopes, at this momentous crisis, on the conduct of France; and, earnestly giving to the national exertions our wishes and our prayers, we cannot resist the pleasing hope, that although America, is not a party in the exciting war, she may still be able, in a state of peace, to demonstrate the sincerity of her friendship, by affording very useful assistance to the citizens of her sister republic.
The well-earned character of a republican and a patriot, has ensured for you the warmest sentiments of personal respect and esteem: and, while the law of nations, and the rights of treaty, give dignity and energy to your official station; the endeavors of the citizens will not, we trust, be ineffectual, in rendering your residence in Philadelphia, agreeable to you, and honorable to ourselves.
Signed by order of the meeting.
CHARLES BIDDLE, Chairman.
Philadelphia, 17th May, 1793.
Attest.
ROBERT HENRY DUNKIN, Sec'y.
THE ANSWER.
Citizen GENET Minister Plenipotentiary from the Republic of France, to the Citizens of Philadelphia.
CITIZENS,
IF gratitude be not acknowledged a virtue among the despots, it is evidently such among freemen. Of this truth I have received abundant proofs on my journey from Charleston to Philadelphia. In every place the general voice of the people convinced me in a most sensible manner of their real sentiments and sincere and friendly dispositions towards the nation which I have the honor to represent, and for the advancement of that common cause which she alone supports with so much courage.
Citizens, your address has completed my satisfaction, and I assure you that the day your Brethren in France shall receive it will be a day of gladness to them. This I anticipate, that from the effect it has had upon myself, it will have the same upon them, from those wise and liberal sentiments, those just and excellent ideas which characterize it.
In my private capacity of a citizen, I am highly flattered with the favorable opinion you have formed of me; and I promise to make every exertion in my power to render myself worthy of that good opinion, and to justify the confidence my country has reposed in me. My conduct while among you shall be to the height of our national political principles—An unbounded openness shall be the constant rule of my intercourse with those wise and virtuous men into whose hands you have entrusted the management of your public affairs. I will expose candidly to them the great objects on which it will be our business to deliberate; and the common interest of both nations will, I have no doubt be the compass of our direction; for without such a guide, what would become of both nations, exposed as we mutually are to that sentiment, the hatred and the treachery of all the tyrants of the earth, who, you may rest assured, are at this moment armed not only against France, but against liberty itself.
(Signed)
GENET.
Foreign Intelligence.
FRANCE.
NATIONAL CONVENTION.
MARCH 24.
Dumourier on the 12th inst. wrote a letter dated Louvain, which it was not thought prudent at the time to read.
It is as follows:
CITIZEN PRESIDENT,
THE safety of the people is the supreme law; I have just abandoned conquest almost certain, by quitting the victorious part of the army ready to enter into the heart of Holland, to fly to the support of that portion which has experienced a check, owing to physical and moral causes, that I mean to develope with that frankness which is more than ever necessary, and which would always have tended to the welfare of the Republic, if all her agents had made use of it in the accounts they gave, and if it had been listened to with more complacency than deceitful flattery.
You know, citizen representatives, in what a dangerous state of disor-
ganization the Belgic army had been placed, by a minister and officers who dragged France to the brink of ruin. This minister and those officers have been changed; but far from punishing them, Pache and Hassenfratz have passed to the important station of heads to the Paris police, and from that moment the capital has seen renewed in the street Lombard, scenes of blood and massacre.
I presented to you, in the month of December, in four memorials, the grievances that ought to be redressed. I informed you of the only means which could put a stop to the evil, and give to our armies their vigor, and to our cause all the justice which ought to characterize it. These memorials have been thrown aside; you are not acquainted with them; order them to be presented to you, you will there find predicted what has since happened; you will also in them find the remedy to the other dangers which surround us, and menace our infant republic. The armies of Belgia united in the countries of Aix la Chapelle and Liege, have there suffered every species of want, without murmuring, but continually weakened by sickness and constant skirmishes with the enemy, and by the desertion of many of the officers and soldiers to the amount of half their original strength.
It is only since General Buernonville is at the head of the militia, that the wants of the army and recruiting begins to be thought of. But he has been in so short a time, that we feel that disorganizing spirit of which we have been the victims. This was our situation, when on the first of February you threw it due to the honor of the nation to declare war against England and Holland. From this moment I buried the remembrance of all my grievances;—I no longer thought of resigning, which you will find mentioned in the memorials above alluded to; all my thoughts were given to the safety of my country. I endeavored to be beforehand with our enemies, and this reduced army forgot all its sufferings to attack Holland. While, with new troops, just from France, I was taking Breda, Klundert, Gertruydenberg, and was preparing to extend my conquests, the Belgic army, under Generals remarkable for courage and civism, undertook the siege of Maestricht.
Every thing was wanting for this expedition, the new administration was not yet on foot.—The ancient was bad in every view. Money was plenty, but the new forms established at the national treasury prevented the use of that money. I cannot yet detail the immediate causes of the check our armies have experienced, as I am just arrived; not only they have abandoned every hope of taking Maestricht, but they have fallen back in confusion and with loss. The magazines of every kind which were begun to be collected at Liege, have fallen into the hands of the enemy, as well as part of the field artillery and that belonging to the battalions: This retreat has drawn on us new enemies, and here I will develope the cause of our misfortunes.
There has ever existed, in human events, a reward for virtue and a punishment for vice. Private individuals may escape the effects of this providence, which may be called what you please, because they are imperceptible points: but read history, and you will find that a people never escape it.
As long as our cause was that of justice we vanquished the enemy;

from the moment that avarice and injustice became our guides, we worked our own destruction, and our enemies profit by our faults. You are flattered and deceived, I will endeavor to tear the veil from before your eyes. The Belgians have been made to suffer vexations of every kind; the sacred rights of liberty have been violated as they relate to them; their religious opinions have been insulted; the furniture of their churches has been taken without necessity, but with indecency. Their character and intentions have been misrepresented; the re-union of Hainault has been effected by main violence, by the sword and fire arms; that of Brussels by a knot of men who could exist but in the midst of trouble, and by a few blood thirsty individuals assembled to intimidate the citizens. Look over the history of the low countries, you will find that the people are good, open hearted, courageous, and worthy of freedom. The Duke of Alva, the most cruel of the satellites of Philip II. had 18,000 executed by the hand of the hangman. The Belgians took vengeance by a war of thirty years, and their attachment to the religion of their fathers, only could have bro't them again under the Spanish yoke.
Your finances were exhausted when we entered Belgium; your coin had disappeared. Cambon, who may be an honest citizen, but who is far beneath the confidence you reposed in him in financial matters, saw no remedy but in the possession of the riches of that fertile country. He proposed to you the fatal decree of the 15th December; you unanimously accepted it, and yet every one of those among you, with whom I have conversed on the subject, told me he did not approve of it, and that the decree is unjust. One of my memorials was against that decree; it was not read in the assembly. The same Cambon endeavored to render my remonstrances hateful and criminal, by saying from the tribune that I was placing a veto upon the decree of the Assembly: You confirmed this decree by that of December 30th; you directed your commissioners to see it executed; by your orders the executive sent at least 30 commissioners; the choice of them was bad, excepting a very few honest men, who are perhaps considered as of doubtful principles, because they endeavor to mitigate the odium attached to their functions. The majority are madmen or tyrants, or men without reflection, whom a brutal zeal always has led beyond their duty. The agents of tyranny have been scattered over the whole face of Belgium; the military commandants in obedience to the decree, have been obliged to employ, upon their requisition, the forces entrusted to them. These extortioners finally exasperated the spirit of the Belgians. Thence forward, fear, perhaps hatred, have replaced that cordial fraternity which accompanied our first steps in Belgium; and at the moment of our change of fortune our agents exercised their functions with the most excessive injustice and violence.
You have been mistaken as to the re-union to France of several portions of Belgium. You thought that union voluntary, because you were deceived by lies. From that moment you thought it in your power to take the superfluous plate from the churches, to defray the expence of the war. You then looked upon the Belgians as Frenchmen: but even if they had been, you yet should have waited the voluntary giving up of this plate; your taking it by open violence became sacrilegious: This is exactly what has happened. The priests and monks have taken advantage of that imprudent act, and then preached us up as pillagers to be avoided, and every where the inhabitants armed against us. Our's is not a war of aristocracy, for our revolution favors the inhabitants of the country, and yet that very description of people arm against us, and the alarm is sounded in all quarters. It is with them a war of religion; and with us a criminal war. We are at this moment sur-
rounded by enemies; you will see it by the reports which I send to the minister of war, you will see at the same time the first measures I have been obliged to take to save the French army, the national honor, and indeed the republic.
Representatives of the nation, I call on your probity and the recollection of the importance of your duties; I call on the sacred principles explained in the declaration of the rights of man, and I wait with impatience your decision. At this moment you hold in your hands the fate of the empire, and I am persuaded that truth and virtue will guide your decisions, and that you will not suffer your armies to be stained by crimes and then become the victims of those crimes."
Dumourier, informed that this letter had been referred to the committee of defence, requests the convention to come to no determination upon it, until he has again conferred with the commissioners to Belgium.
[The above letter appears in the Moniteur Universelle , a Paris paper of the 25th of March, which mentions in a note, "That the letter had not been read before the National Convention, but printed and published in the Belgic provinces."]
MARCH 23.
Letters were read from the administration of the lower Loire. By these letters of the 19th it appears that the rebels are masters of the whole country round Nantes, which city is in a manner besieged; the communications are interrupted—they call for immediate assistance—they announce that the chief of the rebels, the number of whom they state at about 40,000, is one de la Perriere, that he has sent various proposals to the city of Nantes; for he has declared not to acknowledge the authority of the department and of the district: he has much threatened, if he is not assisted in supporting a kind of constitution which he presented, in which he calls for the dismissal of the constitutional clergy and a diminution of taxes. The administrators promise and swear to remain firm at their post. They have resolved, as the only answer to the rebels, that court martial shall attend each body of troops that should march against them to judge those taken and immediately cause the sentence to be executed.
MARCH 24.
Tallier informed that the department of Dordogne had sent 1200 men against them. Honorable mention of the zeal of this department and the city of Bourdeaux was decreed.
Ferrand stated, that the frontier of Spain was in a formidable state of defence; but that it was otherwise with ours. The executive council was directed to give an account of the situation of that important frontier.
Malinet communicated a letter he received from Nantes, by which it appears, that the communication between that city and Antwerp is restored. The administrative bodies have disposed of detachments at different distances; they directed the gullies and ditches made in the roads by the rebels to be filled up. Upwards of 1200 rebels have already suffered death, about the same number are in prison, and will not delay experiencing the same fate. This information gave the greatest satisfaction.
Two letters were received from the minister at war. In the first he announces, that he is communicating to the committee of general defence the dispatches which he received yesterday and this night from Gen. Dumourier, as well as the plans concerted between the executive council and the generals—they cannot be rendered public for the general good—it will suffice to say, that Dumourier is making a retrograde movement to get nearer to the frontiers; this measure has appeared to him necessary to reorganize the army which is in disorder.
By the second letter it appears that Custine has had a considerable advantage over the Prussians. He beat them in an attack they made
on one of his posts; the French troops displayed astonishing intrepidity—every where they took from the enemy forage and provisions.
LONDON, March 24.
Medals are now distributing in Paris, having on one side the effigy of Louis XVI. and on the other, the words, Il est mort martyr .
The effects of the loy declaration published by Louis Stanislaus Xavier, have begun to manifest themselves in France precisely in the manner that might have been expected. No sooner was the absurd instrument made public, but addresses were presented from various quarters, demanding the trial and punishment of the unfortunate Antonette. These miserable deluded refugees fall into the purposes of Egalite, as fully as if they were his professed and hired instruments.
April 3. The communication with Ostend being once more open, intelligence will be more frequently received from the immediate seat of war.
The mails from Holland and Flanders arrived yesterday. The Leyden Gazette mentions, that the intercourse being re-opened, they have obtained French papers to the 18th, the day on which they ceased to be forwarded to London. The Brussels Gazette is totally barren of intelligence.
The late failures in the city which by some persons have been attributed, very falsely, to the effects of the war, are found to arise, on close inspection, from connections with the country banks—a growing mischief, which has long called for the interference of the legislature to check its progress.
Friday evening intelligence came to Lloyd's, of eight English merchantmen trading to the Levant having been taken by French privateers, in the Mediterranean, and six of them carried into Marseilles. They are insured at 80,000.
La Halle, where Dumourier was encamped, according to the last account, is a strong post a few miles to the south of Brussels. It was the same place that Duke Albert made a stand in the last campaign, to cover the retreat of the Court of Brussels.
APRIL 6.
Yesterday afternoon capt. Hawes, of the second Nancy cutter, belonging to Deal, arrived in St. Margarets bay, with dispatches from Ostend for admiral M c Bride. The cutter left Ostend at 11 o'clock on Thursday night, and brings most important intelligence. We understand that Dumourier is arrived at Lisle with his forces, and that he had scarce made his appearance, before M. Bournouville and five commissioners from the convention, had come down with orders to bring him up a prisoner to Paris. Dumourier did not follow the example of La Fayette; he resisted the order of the convention, and having felt the pulse of his army, arrested the commissioners, and sent them to the prince of Cobourg, as hostages for the safety of the Queen and royal family. He then proclaimed the young Louis king, at the head of the army, and sent a dispatch to Paris, intimating his determination to proceed immediately thither, & support the claim of the Dauphin to the throne of his ancestors, as from the conduct of the convention, he saw that France could only be saved by a general resistance to their horrid tyranny. Such is the report that has come to our ears of this important dispatch; and which we give literally as we have received it. It is added, that in consequence of the news of Dumourier's defeat, and of the violent measures taken by the convention, the tumult in Paris has risen to the most extravagant height. The parties had actually come to blows, the barriers were shut, the white flag, with a mourning crape over it, was flying in the streets, and numbers of people had mounted the white cockade. Besides the above particulars, intelligence has been received, that the merchants and principal inhabitants of Dunkirk, are ready to deliver up that place to the royal
party, and have sent a boat to admiral M c Bride, requesting him to send over two frigates, to take possession of the town.
By an express which we received this morning from the Hague, we are enabled to give the certain accounts of a counter-revolution being on the eve of taking place at Paris.
The circumstances that have led to this are of a most extraordinary nature. The stoppage of all communication with France has kept it in the dark completely with respect to the proceedings of the Convention. It now appears that the most important transactions have taken place.
After Dumourier had been forced to retreat within the French frontier, he wrote a letter to the Convention, stating, "That he found it impossible to make head against the Allied Powers, and that he thought the only means of saving France from being over-run by those powers, would be to have a King."
In consequence of this letter, a Decree of Accusation was passed against Dumourier, in the sitting of the 30th of March, who had been denounced in the Municipality of Paris as a traitor; and Bournouville, the Minister at War, Camus, and five others were deputed to the army, to put the Decree into execution, by arresting Dumourier and sending him a prisoner to Paris. Dumourier himself says, he firmly believes it was their intention to have had him massacred on the road.
They reached the army, and informed the General of their mission. He saw the time was come to strike a decisive blow. He assembled his troops; informed them of the Decree of the Convention, and hinted his own wishes and designs. They exclaimed, that they would stand by him. He immediately began to act. He arrested Bournouville and the other Commissioners, and sent them with a letter to General Clairfayt, stating that he was about to march to Paris next morning, the 2d inst. at the head of his army, for the purpose of restoring the French Monarchy.
General Clairfayt forwarded the prisoners committed to his charge by Dumourier, to the Prince of Sax Cobourg, and immediately wrote with his own hand, an account of these extraordinary transactions to Count Metternich, the Imperial Minister at Brussels, who forwarded this account to the Hague. The express that brought this news left the Hague on the 4th, a few hours after General Clairfayt's account arrived there, and reached London this morning at seven o'clock.
The same accounts have been received from Brussels and Ostend. Extract of a letter from Mechlin, March 24.
"This day the French retired in good order about eleven o'clock in the morning, after having destroyed or blown up the bridges in the neighbourhood of the city. The people immediately proceeded to the square, where they destroyed the monument erected by the Jacobin club to the memory of le Pelletier, and transporting the fragment of it to the foot of the tree of liberty, set the whole on fire."
"The people then repaired to the club-room, from which they carried away the tribune and benches, to add them to the fire. The whole was conducted without any tumult."
"At two o'clock the magistrates and the grand council, proceeded to the town-house, on invitation presented to them by the provisional representatives of the people, who had managed affairs during the residence of the French. These representatives then resigned their functions in the presence of the magistrates, who testified their gratitude and satisfaction for the zeal they had shown during their administration, in preserving order and tranquillity, and protecting the rights and property of the citizens."
"At five o'clock the Imperial troops took possession of the town amid the ringing of the bells and the acclamations of the people."

St. JOHN's, (Antigua) May 2. The fleet from England, under Admiral Gardner, arrived at Barbadoes on Friday; the merchantmen and transports did not accompany them.
The following are the ships that compose Admiral Gardner's squadron:
   Ships. Guns. Commanders.     Queen 98 { Adm. Gardner, } Capt. Hutt.   Duke 98 { Com. Murray, } Capt. Duff.   Monarch 74 Capt. Sir J. Wallace   Orion 74 J. T. Duckworth   Hector 74 G. Montague   Hannibal 74 Colpoys   Culloden 74 Sir Thos. Rich   Iphigenia 32 Sinclair   Heroine 32 Allan H. Gardner   Rattlesnake 16 Alexander Mouat.  
It is generally believed at Dominica, that the French fleet is arrived at Martinique.
GRENADA, April 19.
This morning the Schooner Swift, Capt. Ryal arrived here from Tobago, with the agreeable news of the capture of that island. We have been favored with the following particulars by Col. Baillie.
On Sunday the 14th, at 2 o'clock, a signal was made that an enemy's fleet was off Courland, and in about an hour afterwards the Trusty, and the other vessels in the squadron came to anchor in the bay. Gen. Cuyler immediately landed with the troops consisting of 350 men, and marched directly to Cinnamon hill, where he halted, and dispatched a flag of truce to the fort, to demand the surrender of the island. The governor returned for answer, that they would hold out to the last extremity. It was then determined to carry the hill by storm, and the necessary preparation being made, the troops marched at one o'clock on Monday morning, taking the road through the town of Port-Louis. They were formed in two columns, the one under the immediate command of the General, the other led by Major Gordon of the 60th.
The firing began about 2 o'clock, and continued obstinate for about three quarters of an hour, when Major Gordon with the light infantry entered the fort and made himself completely master of the hill.
At day-light the capture was announced by hoisting the Union flag, and firing the morning gun.
All accounts agree in bestowing the highest encomiums on the cool and determined courage manifested by the British troops on the occasion; and the conduct of Major Gordon in preventing the slaughter that almost unavoidably follows a storm, reflects equal honor on his own humanity and the discipline of the troops he commanded.
In addition to the above account, we are informed that there were near 300 men in the Fort at the time of the assault; that seven of the assailants were killed; and a few wounded; among the latter are Gen. Cuyler (slightly) and Lieutenant Geyer of the 67th, who joined the expedition at Barbadoes as a volunteer.
Philadelphia, May 22.
Saturday afternoon, at 2 o'clock, Mr. Genet, being introduced by Mr. Jefferson, Secretary of State, produced his credentials to the President of the United States; he was received and acknowledged as Minister Plenipotentiary from the Republic of France to the United States of America.
By an arrival at this port yesterday in twelve days from Cape-Francois we learn that a frigate had arrived there in 28 days from Brest; which brought intelligence that Gen. Dumourier had gone over to the Austrians—that a fleet of twenty sail of French line of battle ships had sailed for the Mediterranean, and that another French fleet was cruising in the British channel; a new Governor for Hispaniola, a very popular character, came in the frigate.
The Southern papers continue to detail very distressing accounts of Indian murders and depredations on the Western and South Western Frontiers; numbers of men women and children, have fallen sacrifices, since the first of April.
On Saturday last a republican dinner was given at Oellers' to Citizen Genet, by a respectable number of French, and French-American citizens. Gen. Advertiser.
Samuel Huntington, Esq. is re-elected Governor and Oliver Wolcott, Esq. Lieutenant Governor of the State of Connecticut.
By the ship Peggy, Capt. Elliot, from Amsterdam we have Leyden Papers to the 5th April, from which the following articles are translated.
EXTRACTS from the LEYDEN GAZETTE, of the 5th April, 1793.
Extract of a letter from Brussels, March 28. "On the 25th instant between 12 and 1 o'clock, his royal highness the Archduke Charles made his entry into this city, accompanied by the field marshal Prince of Saxe Cobourg, and a numerous retinue of general officers. It is difficult to express the satisfaction the people have shown at this change of things; almost all the inhabitants were on his passage, and the air echoed with redoubled shouts. The Archduke repaired to the church of St. Gudule, where Te Deum was sung by way of thanksgiving. From thence the Prince passed through the principal quarters of the city, and every where received unequivocal marks of the joy of the Brabanters. At last having repaired to the Hotel of the Duke D'Abreabry, the wine of honor was presented to his Royal Highness, and at night there was a grand illumination. Yesterday a courier arrived here from Vienna, who brought to the Archduke the patent of Governor and Captain General of the Netherlands. The same day, this young prince set out to take the command of the advanced posts of the army. The Count de Metternich, who before the French invasion was invested with the post of minister plenipotentiary, is expected in a few days at Brussels. Yesterday the people of the city brought the statue of Prince Charles of Lorraine, which had been thrown down by the Sans Culottes; and drew it themselves to the Place Royale with a numerous band of music, while all the bells in the city were rung. A new pedestal is now making for it with the greatest activity.
A numerous column of the Austrian army passed through this city on the 25th instant, followed by a large train of artillery and camp equipage. The French army continues to retreat with celerity, though in good order. The column headed by Dumourier himself is already on the heights of Frameries, on the other side of Mons. A large body of Austrian cavalry follow close at their heels. The town and citadel of Namur are evacuated.
Extract of a letter from Brussels, dated April 1. "The French continue to retreat, still pressed by the numerous body of Austrian horse, which follow them. The Archduke Charles is at Mons, his vanguard at Frameries. On the 29th, the Imperial troops entered Ghent, which the French have entirely evacuated, leaving there some pretty considerable stores. On the 26th of March there was engagement near Antwerp, between a body of French troops and an Austrian division. The battle was long and bloody, and was maintained on both sides with the greatest intrepidity; but the French being superior in number, forced the Austrians to retire, and took several prisoners."
LEYDEN, April 4.
We have at last received certain intelligence that the French garrison of Breda, which is said to have been commanded by Gen. de Flers, delivered up the place by capitulation to the troops of the united provinces, on the 2d inst. It is thought that that of Gertruydenberg will soon do the same. Gen. Dumourier having given orders to the remainder of his troops, to evacuate the territories of the republic. They will have free liberty to return to France, because, in order to prevent the ruin and pillaging of the towns and country, it has been agreed, that all the French troops in Belgia and the Dutch territory, should return home by way of Mechlin, Dendermond, Ghent, and Tourney, under an escort of an Austrian safeguard, to the French frontier.
Saturday evening last an express arrived at the Post-Office in this city, with the letters and papers brought by the April Packet, arrived at New-York, in 37 days from Falmouth.
The following articles are from London Papers to the 6th of April, brought by the Packet.
STATE PAPER.
Declaration of the King of Prussia, respecting his taking possession of the city of Dantzig, and the territory belonging to it.
THE same reasons which induced his majesty, the King of Prussia, to order part of his troops to march into some of the districts of Great Poland, lay him under the necessity to secure the city of Dantzig and the territory belonging thereto. For besides that this city never has acted for a number of years past, like a good neighbor towards the kingdom of Prussia, it is now become the rendezvous of a wicked and cruel band, who heap transgression upon transgression, and who try by the assistance of their despicable abettors to spread themselves on all sides. One of these villains, after having attempted in vain to spread his poisonous principles, among a happy and faithful nation, has found nevertheless a free and public asylum in the city of Dantzig; and it was only by the most urgent representations that he could be obtained from his protectors. This last instance, together with the numerous abuses of a mis-contrued liberty, and the great connection which subsists between the faction in France and Poland, and a certain party, which by means of the impudence of their principles, have gained a certain superiority above the most of the well-meaning part of the citizens, and finally the great ease wherewith these conspirators procure all kinds of necessaries, but especially grains at Dantzig, by the help of their abettors are taken collectively, as objects which have drawn the attention of the King towards this city, and have obliged him to keep them within the bounds of justice, and provide thereby for the safety and peace of the adjoining Prussian provinces. For which purpose his Majesty, after a previous agreement with the other powers concerned therein, has directed his
Lieutenant General De Raumer to occupy the city and territory of Dantzig with a sufficient number of troops, to maintain good order and public security.
It will now depend on the inhabitants, by their prudent conduct, to merit the good will of the King, by using his troops in a friendly manner, and giving them all the help and assistance they may be in want of; the commanding officer, on his part, will not fail to cause the strictest discipline to be observed, and to grant his protection to all such as may find themselves under the necessity to request the same. These are the sentiments of his Prussian Majesty, and he therefore trusts, that the magistracy of Dantzig will make no difficulty in conforming to the same, in order to promote in this manner their salutary views—the good effects whereof will tend most of all to their advantage.
RENNES, (France) March 15.
The royalists, and friends to the laws and order, at length triumph in this department and the neighboring ones. They only wait for the English at Jersey to make a descent on our coasts to appear openly. A considerable body of armed men have, however, assembled at Nouray, about six leagues from hence, who threaten to reduce our city to ashes.
LONDON, April 16.
The merchant corps of volunteers of Dublin have had their cannon restored to them, upon a temperate and loyal application to the lord lieutenant.
It is said that Dumourier has seized the three Commissioners sent by the National Convention to arrest him, whom he sent prisoners to the Austrians; and that he afterwards marched with his army to Paris. On this news Stocks rose two per cent. to day.
A letter is said to have been received by a merchant in this city, from a respectable House in Amsterdam, dated the 2d of April, stating, that intelligence had been received there of an insurrection at Paris;—that the mob had attacked the Convention, and murdered 80 of the members.
Extract of a letter from Helvoetsluys, April 3.—3 o'clock, P. M.
"The 37th regiment commanded by lieut. col. Sir Charles Ross, Batt. and 53d by lieut. col. Symes, which arrived here from Leith on Sunday evening last, under convoy of the Martin sloop, captain Lane, still remain on board their transports, having received counter-orders to proceed after the brigade of guards to Bergen-op-Zoom, by the way of Flushing. The detachment of artillery are likewise re-embarked to attend them:—Major general R. Abercrombie goes with them to command the 2d British brigade. The contrary winds prevented their sailing for a days past.
"The British ships of war, remaining here, are the Syren frigate, capt. Manley; the Childers sloop, capt. Barlow; the Echo, hon. capt. Jones; and the Martin, capt. Lane. The sloop have orders to proceed as convoy to the troops thro' the Scheldt. The Syren and Expedition sail for England to-morrow."
Friday last a deputation from the French Benevolent Society established in this city waited upon citizen GENET with an address, of which the following is a translation:
Citizen Minister of the French Republic.
The French citizens and citizens of the United States descendants of French, residing in Philadelphia, hasten to present this mark of their attachment to the nation you represent, of their zeal for the cause of liberty and equality, and of their personal regard.
Many of us attracted by the innate love of liberty, when France still smothered under the rod of despotism, sought and found an asylum in this happy country, then the cradle of infant equality. The cordial reception from our new fellow-citizens, the close connections and pleasing habits contracted among them, have rendered America a native home. But in becoming Americans, they have not ceased to be Frenchmen; for no individual can be more intimately connected with either, than the two nations are with each other. The French citizen who has become affiliated to the American nation, and the citizen of the United States whom France has adopted have thereby only strengthened the ties of connexion.
An union cemented by the blood of the citizens of both nations, and founded on so solid a basis as similarity of sentiment and principle, is formed to resist the most violent efforts of those whose interest it might be to disturb it: for liberty tends to unite men, as does despotism to divide and destroy them.
The mission with which you are charged, imposes on you the most agreeable duties, since it is committed to you to give and receive the assurance and testimony of so sincere a friendship and so fraternal a union. We will co-operate as far as in our power to maintain so precious a fraternity and prevent the enemies of liberty from giving it disturbance.
Permit us on this occasion, as individuals and Frenchmen, to pay to our brethren of the United States the tribute of gratitude which their conduct towards us so justly claims. We were strangers among them and they treated us as brothers; they have been prodigal of the attentions and assistance, which our situation required, and endeavored to make us forget, that we d d not owe our birth to a common country.—Throughout the whole extent of the American empire our countrymen have experienced the effects of the same benevolent spirit. Every where the citizens have been anxious to cherish and the governments to protect them. It would be the height of ingratitude in us not to avail ourselves of so favorable an opportunity of publicly expressing the extent of our gratitude.
Accept, citizen, our ardent wishes for the success of the glorious cause of which France has declared herself the support. We hope, that by her generous efforts liberty will soon be triumphant throughout the globe, in spite
of the enormous combination of despots and slaves who wish to annihilate it.
We felicitate ourselves in finding in you a citizen who has deserved well of his country, and who teaches us to hope that he will acquire a new claim to her gratitude.
(Signed) By order,
P. S. DUPONCEAU.
To this he made an answer, of which the following is a translation:
Citizen GENET, minister plenipotentiary from the French Republic, to the French citizens, and descendants of Frenchmen, resident in Philadelphia.
THE principles and sentiments which have animated you, citizens, do equal honor to your heads and hearts, and leave no doubt of your patriotism. You have anticipated the intentions of the French republic; her wish is to strengthen more and more the ties which connect her with the virtuous nation that has so justly deserved, by her generous conduct towards you, your attachment and gratitude. I will use my best endeavors to fulfil the intentions of the republic, and am persuaded, that you will neglect nothing to prove to the citizens of the United States, that Frenchmen now consider them as brethren.
I shall take care, citizens, to communicate to our fellow-citizens in France, the address which you have just presented, and I beg you to accept my thanks for the opinion which you have been pleased to entertain of my zeal and entire devotion to the cause of liberty and equality. (Signed) GENET.
COMMENCEMENT.
On the 15th instant was held at the Methodist Church, in fourth-street, a Commencement of the Pupils of the Young Ladies' Academy of Philadelphia. The exercises commenced by a well adapted prayer by the Rev. Dr. Sprout, the President of the Trustees; after which a number of selected pieces, suitable to the female character, were pronounced with judgment and propriety. The salutatory oration was delivered by Miss Priscilla Mason, and the valedictory by Miss Eliza Laskey, each of whom, together with Miss Ann Bartow and Miss Eleanor Britton, were honored with a diploma.
Extract of a letter from St. John's (Antigua) dated May 2.
"A few days ago several rich and respectable inhabitants were butchered at Guadalupe in a manner too horrible to mention, which even the most cruel savages would have been ashamed of. The following are the names of the unfortunate victims—Madame Vermont the elder; Madame Vermont the younger, and two children; Madame Meyen-coult; Madame Roupellet the elder; Madame Roupellet the younger, and an infant child; the two Messrs. Roupellet; Mons. Gondreault, three daughters just arrived from France, from 11 to 18 years of age; Mons. Brindeau; Madame Brindeau; Messrs. Vaudrecourt and Buelle."
Extract of a letter from a well informed Correspondent, dated London, April 5, 1793.
"P. S. I have not been able to procure copies of the bill mentioned in this letter but it declares in substance that any person being or residing within any of the dominions of his Britannic Majesty who shall directly or indirectly supply, or cause, direct, authorize or procure any person or persons whomsoever or where-soever residing, to supply or to send for the purpose of being sold or supplied to any of the dominions of France or place in their possession or to the armies fleets or vessels employed by the French government, any naval or military stores, gold or silver in bullion or coin, forage or provisions of any kind and various other articles shall be deemed guilty of Treason. All insurance made on any goods and vessels bound to or from the ports under French dominion made null and void and parties guilty of misdemeanor."
The declaration of independence by the immortal Congress of '76—contains this sentiment, That in future the United States would consider Great-Britain as they do the rest of the world— "enemies in war; in peace friends."
Married, Monday evening, by the Right Reverend Doctor White, GEORGE HAMMOND, Esquire, his Britannic Majesty's Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States, to Miss Peggy Allen, eldest daughter of Andrew Allen, Esquire, of this city.
By the Rev. Dr. Magaw. Mr. GEORGE WASHINGTON to Miss Lucy PAYNE, of this city.
Died the 18th inst. in the 87th year of her age, Mrs. JANE HOLMES, relict of Mr. JOHN HOLMES, of Pennypack, Philadelphia County; a woman in whose character were united the Christian, social and domestic virtues in an eminent degree. Her funeral was attended on Sunday last, and a sermon adapted to the occasion delivered by the Rev. Dr. Rogers in the Baptist Church, Lower Dublin, from these words— "Gather my saints together unto me; those that have made a covenant with me by sacrifice."
SHIP NEWS.
   ARRIVED at the PORT OF PHILADELPHIA.     Brig Ann and Mary, M'Cain, Dublin   Sally, Allen, St. Marc   Jemima & Fanny, Conklin, Cape-Francois   Schr. Betsey, Willis, Hispaniola   Polly, M'Cormick, Charleston   Betsey, Miller, St. Marks   Friendship, M'Lean, Virginia   Delight, Gage, do.   Sloop Fanny, Hatchard, Bermuda   Lively, Moore, Guadalupe  
PRICE OF STOCKS.
   6 per Cents, 16/8   3 per Cents, 8/11 9/3   Deferred, 9/9   Full shares Bank U. S. 2 per cent. adv.  

LEGHORN, (Italy) March 8. The Capt. of a Ragusan vessel arrived here from Bonne, in Barbary, with a cargo of wheat, relates, that the Algerine cruisers having taken 8 Dutch ships, carried them on the 5th of Feb. into Algiers, but that the Dey immediately ordered them to be released, that they might proceed to their respective places of destination, because the term of 30 days, fixed by his Excellency for the commencement of hostilities, were not then expired; and that the Vikil Hadgi, of the Marine, a sworn enemy to the Christians, had openly disapproved of this generous action, and had incited the Turks and Moors to condemn it so much, that the Reys Selemi, a renegado Jew, said publicly that to release these prizes was very unjust—that they exposed their lives by going out to cruise—and that now, when they had the good fortune to take some prizes, his Excellency had set them at liberty. The Dey, being informed of this behaviour, fell into a violent passion, and ordered the Vikil Hadgi to cause the mutinous Reys Selemi to be immediately beheaded. The Vikil Hadgi instead of executing the order, concealed the criminal on board a corsair; but his Excellency was so much irritated that he wished to send the Vikil Hadgi to the prison of Dasarcagi, to be there strangled. The Dey, however, on the pressing intreaties of his wife, and the wife of the Vikil Hadgi, sister to the former, gave him his life, but condemned him to exile;—and the sentence was immediately executed, the criminal being put on board a Spanish ship, which was instantly obliged to set sail. This disgrace of the declared enemy of the Christians, has greatly rejoiced the Consuls of commercial nations at Algiers; and what adds to their pleasure is, that the vacant post of the Vikil Hadgi, has been given by the Dey to his nephew, a young Turk, formerly from the Levant, and who is of a very amiable character. The Port Captain has also been disgraced, and his place supplied by another.
BOSTON, April 8. A correspondent, who is a native of the United Netherlands, wishes to remind the Americans, that his country is the friend and ally of the United States; that she assisted them in the war, with money, &c. and that she now wishes to live in perfect amity and good fellowship with them; and to inquire, with what propriety they can wish that her territory may be overrun, her towns burnt, and her property destroyed?
In a Liverpool paper of March 25th, are accounts of four privateers and sixteen merchantmen, taken by the British and Spanish ships of war, and carried into various ports. The same paper contains accounts of eighteen English merchantmen being taken and carried into France. These are all in one paper.
We have seen a letter just received from Paris, which mentions that the lady of that unfortunate friend to America, the Marquis de la Fayette, may be soon expected to sail for the United States—where she will receive a cordial welcome.
Capt. Davis, when he sailed from England, had safe passports from the Ambassador of the United States, countersigned by the American Consul there, both in the English and French languages.
POST-ROAD TO THE GENESEE COUNTRY. THE public are hereby informed, that the Post-Road from Philadelphia to Reading, is continued to Sunbury and Northumberland; thence up the West Branch of the Susquehannah as far as Lichom; thence to the Painted Post (in New-York state, near the forks of the Tioga) thence to Bath (a town laid out on the Cohocton Branch of the Tioga) thence to Williamburg, at the forks of Genesee River. Letters for this new route will be sent from the Philadelphia Post-Office every Wednesday morning, at eight o'clock, with the mail for Reading. A weekly mail will also be carried from Bethlehem to Wilkes-Barre, in the county of Luzerne. General Post-Office, April 6, 1793.
By THOMAS JOHNSON, DAVID STUART, & DANIEL CARROLL, Esquires, COMMISSIONERS appointed by Government to prepare the Public Buildings, &c. within the City of Washington, for the reception of Congress, and for their permanent residence after the year 1800—
A LOTTERY FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE FEDERAL CITY. 50,000 Tickets at 7 dollars, are 350,000 dollars. LIST OF PRIZES, viz. Superb Hotel, with baths, & out houses, &c. &c. to cost 50,000. 1 Cash Prize 25,000. 1 ditto 20,000. 1 ditto 15,000. 1 ditto 10,000. 2 ditto 5,000 are 10,000. 10 ditto 1,000 are 10,000. 20 ditto 500 are 10,000. 100 ditto 100 are 10,000. 200 ditto 50 are 10,000. 400 ditto 25 are 10,000. 1,000 ditto 20 are 20,000. 15,000 ditto 10 are 150,000. 16,737 Prizes Dollars 350,000. 33,263 Blanks. 50,000
By this Scheme at least the amount of the tickets will return to the fortunate adventurers, and yet the federal City will gain its object thereby, in a magnificent building designed both for public and private convenience. Although some expense must necessarily attend the conducting of the lottery, (which expense will be taken from the principal prize) the Commissioners having agreed to present in return a sufficient quantity of excellent free-stone, together with the best adapted lots for the hotel and for the out-houses, the value of the lottery entire may be fairly rated at something more than par: In this important instance it will be found, on examination, to exceed all the lotteries that have ever been offered to the Public in this or perhaps in any other country. The keys of the Hotel, when completed, will be delivered to the fortunate possessor of the ticket drawn against its number.—All the other prizes will be paid, without deduction, in one month after the drawing, by the City Treasurer at Washington, or at such Bank or Banks as may be hereafter announced, for the convenience of the fortunate adventurers. The drawing will commence on Monday the 9th of September next, at the City of Washington.
Tickets may be had of Col. Wm. Dickens, City Treasurer of Washington; Thayer & Bartlet, of Charleston, South-Carolina; Gideon Denison, Savannah; Messrs. James West & Co. Baltimore; Mr. Peter Gilman, Boston; and at such other places as will be hereafter published.
N. B. ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS will be given for the best Plan of an elegant and convenient HOTEL or INN, with hot and cold Baths, Stables, and other out houses, if presented on or before the 10th of April next; and a preference will be given to the Artist for a Contract, provided he be duly qualified to complete his plan. The ground on which the Hotel and out houses are to be erected, will be a corner lot of about 60 by 200 feet, with a back avenue to the stables, &c. Sections and estimates of the expense will be expected with the elevations, &c. complete; and 50,000 dollars must be regarded by the Architect as the utmost limit in the expense intended for this purpose. S. BLODGET, Agent for the affairs of the City. March 6, 1793.
Stock Brokers Office, No. 16, Wall-Street, New-York. THE Subscriber intending to confine himself entirely to the PURCHASE & SALE OF STOCKS ON COMMISSION, begs leave to offer his services to his friends and others, in the line of a Stock Broker. Those who may please to favor him with their business, may depend upon having it transacted with the utmost fidelity and dispatch. Orders from Philadelphia, Boston, or any other part of the United States, will be strictly attended to. (t.f.) LEONARD BLECKER.
Albany Glass-House. The Proprietors of the Glass-Manufactory, under the Firm of M'CLALLEN, M'GREGOR and Co. BEG leave to inform the public, that they have now brought their WINDOW-GLASS to such perfection, as will be found, on comparison, to be equal, in quality, to the best London Crown Glass. Having fixed their prices at a lower rate than imported Glass, they are induced to believe, that importations of this article will be discontinued, in proportion as their works are extended. They propose to enlarge the scale of this business, and as the success of it will depend on the patriotic support of the public, they beg leave to solicit their friendly patronage in the pursuit of a branch which will interest every lover of AMERICAN MANUFACTURES. All orders for WINDOW-GLASS, of any size, will be received at the Store of RHODES and MACGREGOR, No. 234, Queen-Street, New-York, and at the Glass Warehouse, No. 48, Market-Street, Albany, which will be punctually attended to. WANTED, six smart active LADS, not exceeding 16 years of age, to be inducted as Apprentices, and regularly instructed in the various branches of Glass-Making. Also, three Window-Glass Makers, to whom great encouragement will be given. May 1, 1793. ep12w
The price of this Gazette is Three Dollars per annum—One half to be paid at the time of subscribing.
Vinall's Arithmetic. THE Second Edition of this work, with improvements, will speedily be put to press. The rapid sale of the first edition, greatly beyond the author's most sanguine expectations, encourages him to print a second edition. He intends to have it printed upon much better paper than the former, and with a new type. Those Booksellers who wish to take a number of copies in sheets, are requested to apply to the author for particulars. * 1000 Copies. At a meeting of the SCHOOL COMMITTEE, February 5th, 1793. The Committee, appointed to examine "The Preceptor's Assistant, or Student's Guide," being a systematical treatise of Arithmetic, by JOHN VINALL, teacher of the Mathematics & Writing, in Boston, reported, that they have attended that service, and are of opinion, that the work is executed with judgment, and is as well calculated for the use of schools, counting houses, and private families, as any of the same compass that has hitherto been offered to the public. VOTED, That the above report be accepted, and that Mr. VINALL be furnished with a copy of it, whenever he shall desire it. Copy of the Records. Attest, CHARLES BULFINCH, Sec'ty. The following character of the above work, is given in the Review of the Massachusetts Magazine, for Jan. 1793: "This is a very useful work, and is no ill proof of the judgment and industry of the author. The rules are laid down with propriety, and the examples annexed are sufficient for their illustration. One part of the work deserves particular commendation. We mean that which the author titles "Mercantile Arithmetic." It occupies a considerable portion of his book, but not more than its importance will justify. We would recommend to the young Arithmetician to pay a particular attention to this branch. He will find its principles well explained. And should he make himself master of them, he will always have reason to acknowledge his obligation to the judicious and laborious author. We cannot but congratulate the rising generation on account of the many useful productions which have lately appeared; and in which their improvement has been principally consulted. Among those productions we must place this treatise of Arithmetic. We should be wanting in justice to the author, should we not acknowledge that his work is in reality that which its title imports—The PRECEPTOR'S ASSISTANT, or STUDENT'S GUIDE." I. C. A. A. A. S.
JUST PUBLISHED, By Thomas Dobson, Bookseller, at the Stone-House, in Second Street, PHILADELPHIA, VOLUME VIII, OF ENCYCLOPEDIA: OR, A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, AND MISCELLANEOUS LITERATURE, On a Plan entirely new: BY WHICH THE DIFFERENT SCIENCES AND ARTS are digested into the Form of Distinct, TREATISES or SYSTEMS: THIS VOLUME CONTAINS AN Account of the Cape of Good Hope, Grafting, Universal Grammar, Grasses, Greece, Greenland, Guam, Guinea, Gunnery, Happiness, Harmony, Heat, Hepatic-Air, Heraldry, Hindostan, Hippopotamus, History, New-Holland, Horse, Horsemanship, Hottentots, Hunting, Husbandry, Hydrometer, with a great variety of Biographical and Miscellaneous Articles. Embellished with sixteen Copperplates. CONDITIONS. I. The work is printing on a superfine paper, and new types, (cast for the purpose) which will be occasionally renewed before they contract a worn appearance. II. The work is furnished in boards, in volumes of half-volumes, as volumes, as subscribers choose; the price of the whole volumes, five dollars each; of the half-volumes two dollars and two-thirds of a dollar each. Ten dollars to be paid on subscribing, the volumes or half-volumes finished to be paid for when delivered, the price of one volume to be paid in advance, and the price of each succeeding volume to be paid on delivering the volume preceding it. No part of the work will be delivered unless paid for. III. In the course of the publication will be delivered about five hundred copperplates elegantly engraved in Philadelphia: which by far exceed in number those given in any other scientific dictionary. At the close of the publication will be delivered an elegant frontispiece, the dedication, preface, and proper title pages for the different volumes. It is expected the work will be comprised in about eighteen volumes in quarto. As several gentlemen who have honored this undertaking with early subscriptions, have only received a small part of the work, they are earnestly requested to complete their sets, as far as published, immediately, while the publisher still has it in his power to supply them with the parts which have not been furnished. As the subscription will very possibly be closed by the first of July next, the publisher cannot undertake to complete sets after that period; and those who wish to become possessors of this truly valuable and important work, will please apply before the expiration of that time, that they may not be disappointed. The very heavy expense necessarily incurred in carrying on this work, makes it indispensably requisite for the publisher to adhere more strictly than he has done to the original condition, of delivering the volumes only on being paid for them. April 6, 1793. ep1m
Just published, By THOMAS DOBSON, At the Stone House, No. 41, South Second-Street, A CASE, Decided in the SUPREME COURT of the UNITED STATES, in which is decided the Question, WHETHER A STATE IS LIABLE TO BE SUED BY A PRIVATE CITIZEN OF ANOTHER STATE? Price Half a Dollar.
CIRCULAR LETTER, OF THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, Respectfully addressed to every Gentleman of Science in the Continent and Islands of America. SIR, A SOCIETY has lately been instituted in this State, called the HISTORICAL SOCIETY; to serve and communicate, materials for a complete history of this country, and accounts of all valuable efforts of human ingenuity and industry, from the beginning of its settlement. In particular, they have already amassed a large quantity of books, pamphlets and manuscripts; and are still in search of more: A catalogue of which will be printed for the information of the public. They have also encouraged the publication of a monthly pamphlet, in which is given the result of their enquiries, into the natural, political and ecclesiastical history of this country. It is requested that you would contribute to its value and importance, by attention to its several objects. The Society beg leave to depend on your obliging answer to these heads of inquiry, when leisure and opportunity will permit. Your letters addressed, free of expense, to the subscriber, will be gratefully received, and duly noticed in the Society's publications; and you will have the satisfaction of contributing to the general stock of knowledge, with which they hope to entertain the public. In the name, and by order of the Society, JEREMY BELKNAP, Corresponding Secretary. Boston, in Massachusetts, Nov. 1, 1792.
Articles on which the Society request information. 1. The time when your town or city was incorporated; its Indian name; when the settlement began; whether it was interrupted, and by what means; to what Colony or County it was first annexed; and if there have been any alterations, what they are, and when made. 2. The exploits, labours and sufferings of the inhabitants in war; particular accounts of devastations, deaths, captivities and redemptions. 3. Divisions of your town or city in parishes and precincts, or the creation of new towns within the former limits. 4. Time of gathering churches of every denomination; names of the several Ministers; the times of their settlement, removal and death; and their age at the time of their death. 5. Biographical anecdotes of persons in your town, or within your knowledge, who have been remarkable for ingenuity, enterprise, literature, or any other valuable accomplishment; an account of their literary productions, and if possible, copies of them. 6. Topographical description of your town or county, and its vicinity; mountains, rivers, ponds, animals, vegetable productions; remarkable falls, caverns, minerals, stones, fossils, pigments, medicinal and poisonous substances, their uses and antidotes. 7. The former and present state of cultivation, and your thoughts on farther improvements, either in respect to agriculture, roads or canals. 8. Monuments and relics of the ancient Indians; number and present state of any remaining Indians among you. 9. Singular instances of longevity and fecundity from the first settlement to the present time. 10. Observations on the weather, diseases, and the influence of the climate, or of particular situations, employments and aliments, especially the effect of spirituous liquors on the human constitution. 11. Accurate bills of mortality, specifying ages and casualties, the proportion of births and deaths, and the increase or decrease of population. 12. Accounts of manufactures and fisheries, and thoughts on the farther improvement of them. 13. Modes of education, private or public; what encouragement is given to schools and colleges, and what is done to advance literature; whether you have a social library, what is the number of books, and of what value. 14. What remarkable events have befallen your state, county, town, or particular families or persons, at any time. P.S. The Corresponding Members of this Society are requested to transmit to the Corresponding Secretary, any historical information of which they may be possessed, respecting any part of the American Continent and Islands, together with printed acts and journals of Assemblies and Conventions, whether civil or ecclesiastical. And the Society will gratefully receive from them and from all other persons whatever, any books, pamphlets, manuscripts, maps or plans which may be useful in forming an historical collection—and any natural or artificial productions which may enlarge the Museum. The Library and Museum are deposited in an apartment of Faneuil Hall. Any person desirous of making a search among the books or manuscripts, may have access to them under such regulations, as may be known by applying to any one of the members.
PLANS OF THE City of Washington, Sold by the BOOKSELLERS, DOBSON, CAREY, YOUNG, & CRUKSHANK. NEW TEAS. IMPERIAL, HYSON & SOUCHONG Of the very first quality, and latest importation from Canton, via New-York, by retail, at No. 19, Third, between Chestnut and Market Streets. N. B. A few Boxes of the above HYSON for sale. TICKETS In the FEDERAL CITY LOTTERY, May be had at SAMUEL COOPER'S Ferry.