The daily advertiser (New York [N.Y.]), 1787-12-27 00:00:00

The Daily Advertiser.
[VOL. III.]
NEW-YORK THURSDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1787.
[No. 887.]
JERSEY MONEY. A VALUABLE consignment of MANCHESTER GOODS to be sold wholesale, on very reasonable terms, for which Jersey Money will be taken in payment, by JAMES RENWICK, No. 93, William-street, opposite Maiden-lane. N. B. The highest Price given for POT and PEARL ASHES. Nov. 19. 14t.
JUST ARRIVED To HUGH SMITH, No. 22, WALL-STREET. A general and complete assortment of 4-4, 7-8 & 3-4 Low priced IRISH LINEN, which he will dispose of on reasonable terms for cash. Sept. 15.
Sixty Pipes of MADEIRA, IN pipes, hogsheads and quarter-casks, of superior quality, to be landed this day at Crugar's wharf, and to be sold by JOZE ROIZ SILVA. 22d Aug. 1787.
FOR SALE BY JOHN DEWINT, Maiden-lane, No. 36.
A FEW hds. New-York Rum; ditto St. Croix Rum; a few cases gin; a parcel sugar in hds. writing paper, cotton and pott; sundry articles of Dry Goods; a few boxes hylon and tions tea; 4 barrels gum of lignum vitae; and 2 pot-ash kettles, that have been a short time in use. Nov. 17.
GEORGE POLLOCK, Has received by the Indor from Dublin, and the Anne and Susannah from Liverpool, A general and complete Assortment of 4-4, 7-8 & 3-4 Low-priced IRISH LINEN, which he will sell on very moderate terms, at his STORE, No. 28, Water-street. POT ASHES and FLAXSEED received in payment. Sept. 13. tf
JUST IMPORTED, In the ship MERCURY, Captain Grant, TENERIFFE WINES Of a very superior quality, which will be disposed of by the quantity or single Pipe, by JOHN C. SHAW, at his store opposite Van Zandt's wharf. Oct. 12. tf
To be LET, on reasonable Terms, A GENTLEMAN'S ROOM, near the Coffee-House, very suitable for a single gentleman, or a small family. For particulars enquire at No. 19, Water-street. N. B. BOARDING may be had if required, and a front Cellar. Nov. 17. tf
ATTWOOD and TRONSON, Have for sale, at their store, No. 11, Great Dock-street, A general assortment of
Swedes and American Bar IRON, CONSISTING of Axe Iron, Cart Iron, Wagon, Chair and Sleigh Iron, mill Irons, and Iron of uncommon square; Steel of all kinds, English faggot the much esteemed blistered L.O. American blistered and Tub Steel, Anvils of all sizes, Back Irons, Vices, &c. &c. A variety of Callings and other articles, which they will sell low for cash, or country produce. All orders for cast Iron, or wrought Iron for mill work, &c. will be duly received, and executed with dispatch. ** Bar Iron or any other article, received and sold on commission. A quantity of Albany Pease for sale. Oct. 21. 1787. tf
FOR SALE BY ROBERT JOHNSTON, No. 14, Water-street, in the house lately occupied by Colonel Samuel Ogden.
IRON CASTINGS, among which are the following, viz. Iron hollow ware of all sizes; Pot-ashes kettles, cast with bottom down, Clock and wick low weights, griddles large and small Tea-kettles large and small, bake-pans do. do. Cart, waggons, coach and chair boxes, 56, 28, 14 and 7lb. weights with rings, Mortar and pestles, lad irons, Franklin stoves, large and small, Rittenhouse do. do. Ten and six-plate do. do. close stoves with pipes, Sharp's new invented stove grates, Canada stoves for large rooms, Patent cauldrons for ships, with one and two boilers, grates and oven, Fire places with jam by complete, Back plates of every dimension, Hibernia, Mount Hope, New Mine and Andover pig metal, Gudgeons and mill irons, Refined and Bloomery bar iron, spike iron, sheetop Nail rods of all sizes, Iron hoops for hds. and bbls. horse shoes, 20d. 12d. 10d. and 8d. nails, 7 inch, 6 inch and 5 inch spikes, Crowley and blistered steel.
The above articles will be sold for cash and country produce, at the lowest prices; and a large allowance made to those who buy to sell again. All orders for wrought or cast iron will be duly attended to, and forwarded, agreeable to pattern, at the shortest notice. Oct. 29 Oct. 29.
To be had at LOT MERKEL's Store, No. 33, Hanover-square, nearly opposite the Bank, TOBACCO for SMOAKING; KITEFOOT of the first quality; ditto of an inferior or ditto; large roll tobacco, fit for manufacturers; segars, genuine Macuba finis; ditto rapped of different qualities; gentlemen's gloves, buck-skin and beaver, of the first quality. At the above Store the highest price is given for SHIPPING FURS. June 23. f.
FOR SALE, GINSENG, LINTSEED OIL, BEEF, PORK, FLOUR, FLAX-SEED, BUTTER, Quintal FISH, MACKAREL, &c. by Storm and Sickles, Dec. 13. tf. No. 35, Little-Dock Street.
MANCHESTER GOODS. Imported in the Montgomery, Capt. Bunyan, and for Sale on very reasonable terms, By DANIEL TUCKER, & Co. No. 202, Water-street, for Cash or Country Produce only.
7-8, 4-4, and 4-4 3/8, Cotton Checks, Striped Ticks, Dyed Pillows, Black and Olive Velveteens, low priced; Checked Handkerchiefs, Malabars; Copperplate Furniture Cottons, Black Silk Handkerchiefs, Cotton Thickets, Men's and Women's Beaver Gloves, Romall Handkerchiefs, Fancy Printed Do. 1-2 Dozen cases of Hats, low priced, and well assorted. Dec. 1. tf.
TO BE SOLD, A Number of improved FARMS, in the counties of Dutchess, Ulster and Orange; likewise a quantity of unimproved Land in either of the said counties. Apply to J. JOHNSTON, No. 18, Wall-street. Dec. 25.
To be Sold at Public Auction, On the Premises, By FREDERICK JAY, On the 10th day of January next,
A FRAME HOUSE, in Chambers-street, now in the possession of Thomas Eagles, being part of the estate of the late Cornelius Swartwout. The above House contains three fire places, is built on a leased lot, six years of the lease expired, with a privilege of removing the house at the expiration of the same. Oct. 25.
To be landed this day at Crugar's wharf from on board the Portuguese Schooner, N. S. da Carmo, Captain Olivera, some pipes of choice PORT WINE, and a parcel of SALT; to be sold by JOZE ROIZ SILVA. Nov. 12, 1787. tf
ANY Person having demands on the estate of JAMES YOULE, deceased, are requested to call on the subscriber for payment. And all those who are indebted to said estate are hereby requested to call and discharge their accounts before the first day of January next, or may expect their accounts will be put in the hands of an attorney, for recovery of the same, without distinction; as a settlement of that estate must be made at the time above mentioned. JOHN YOULE, Administrator. Nov. 14. tf. No. 64, Beckman-Street.
Who has just opened a fresh and general assortment of Hardware, Ironmongery, and Cutlery, Which he will dispose of very reasonable by wholesale or retail.
FLAX-SEED, Stored, cleaned purchased and sold, at HARTELL and WOODWARD's FLAX-SEED STORE, lately occupied by Mr. Jacob Saly, last by Mr. Nash, between Van Zandt's and Murray's Wharves. Oct. 22.
WILLIAM USTICK, jun. No. 33, Queen-street; HAS just received by the SALLY and other late vessels from Bristol, a general assortment of IRONMONGERY and CUTLERY; Amongst which are—Nails, Glass, Paints, Sheet Iron, Sheet Lead, blistered and Crawley Steel, Anvils, Vices and Beck Irons, brass Kettles, iron Pots and Kettles, Frying Pans, Spades and Shovels, Shovel and Tongs, Bellows, Warming Pans, brass and iron Candlesticks, hard and soft Waffle Irons, men and boys Scates, long handle hair Brooms, Brushes of all kinds, Knives and Forks, Pen and Jack-knives, Shears and Scissors, wire and spring Moule and Rat Traps, Jacks, Claws, Brads, and Screws of all sizes, Locks and Hinges of every kind, Carpenters, Coopers and Joiners Tools, &c. &c. He has also for sale Pickled Mackerel, Salmon and Herrings, which he will dispose of on reasonable terms for Cash; also Nails of all sizes, manufactured in this city, and equal to any imported. New-York, Nov. 15, 1787. tf
Turk's Island SALT, Seal Leather and Muscovado Sugar, In Barrels. A Quantity of each, now landing at Peck-Slip. Attendance for the SALE of which, will be given by Murray, Mumford, and Bowen, Who have also for Sale, At No. 20, Peck-Slip,
A QUANTITY of best Petersburg clean HEMP, BOHEA TEA, MOLASSES, BURR FLOUR, BEEF, PORK, HOG'S LARD, YORK RUM, SHEET CORK, CAYENNE COCOA, DRY COD-FISH, RUSSIA and RAVENS DUCK, HOLLAND POWDER. 100 Boxes SPERMACETI CANDLES, COD SOUNDS and TONGUES, in Barrels. A Large ANCHOR, weighing 30 cwt. to be sold Cheap. WANTED, Forty Barrels PEARL ASHES, thirty barrels WHALE OIL, twelve thousand SUGAR HOGSHEAD STAVES, fifty-five inches long. New-York, December 14, 1787. tf.
The ADDRESS and REASONS of DISSENT of the MINORITY of the CONVENTION of the STATE of PENNSYLVANIA, to their CONSTITUENTS. [Concluded.]
THE Legislative power vested in Congress by the foregoing recited sections, is so unlimited in its nature, may be so comprehensive and boundless in its exercise, that this alone would be amply sufficient to annihilate the State Governments, and swallow them up in the grand vortex of general empire.
The Judicial powers vested in Congress are also so various and extensive, that by legal ingenuity they may be extended to every case, and thus absorb the State Judiciaries; and when we consider the decisive influence that a general Judiciary would have over the civil polity of the several States, we do not hesitate to pronounce that this power, unaided by the Legislative, would effect a consolidation of the States under one Government.
The powers of a Court of Equity, vested by this Constitution in the tribunals of Congress, powers which do not exist in Pennsylvania, unless so far as they can be incorporated with jury trial, would, in this State, greatly contribute to this event. The rich and wealthy suitor would eagerly lay hold of the infinite mazes, perplexities and delays, which a Court of Chancery, with the appellate powers of the Supreme Court in fact as well as law would furnish him with, and thus the poor man, being plunged in the bottomless pit of legal disputation, would drop his demand in despair.
In short, consolidation pervades the whole Constitution. It begins with an announcement that such was the intention. The main pillars of the fabric correspond with it, and the concluding paragraph is a confirmation of it. The preamble begins with "We the people of the United States," which is the style of a compact between individuals entering into a state of society, and not that of a Confederation of States. The other features of consolidation, we have before noticed.
Thus we have fully established the position, that the powers vested by this Constitution in Congress, will effect a consolidation of the States under one Government, which even the advocates of this Constitution admit, could not be done without the sacrifice of all liberty.
3. We dissent, Thirdly, Because if it were practicable to govern so extensive a territory as these United States include, on the plan of a consolidated Government, consistent with the principles of liberty and the happiness of the people, yet the construction of this Constitution is not calculated to attain the object; for, independent of the nature of the case, it would of itself necessarily produce a despotism, and that not by the usual gradations, but with the celerity that has hitherto only attended revolutions effected by the sword.
To establish the truth of this position, a cursory investigation of the principles and form of this Constitution will suffice.
The first consideration that this review suggests, is the emission of a BILL of RIGHTS ascertaining and fundamentally establishing those unalienable and personal rights of men, without the full, free, and secure enjoyment of which there can be no liberty, and over which it is not necessary for a good Government to have the control. The principal of which are the rights of conscience, personal liberty by the clear and unequivocal establishment of the writ of habeas corpus, jury trial in civil and criminal cases, by an impartial jury of the vicinage or county, with the common law proceedings, for the safety of the accused in criminal prosecutions; and the liberty of the press, that scourge of tyrants, and the grand bulwark of every other liberty and privilege; the stipulations heretofore made in favor of them in the State Constitutions, are entirely superceded by this Constitution.
The Legislature of a free country should be so formed as to have a competent knowledge of its constituents, and enjoy their confidence. To produce these essential requisites, the representation ought to be fair, equal, and sufficiently numerous, to possess the same interests, feelings, opinions, and views, which the people themselves would possess, were they all assembled; and so numerous as to prevent bribery and undue influence, and so responsible to the people, by frequent and fair elections, as to prevent their neglecting or sacrificing the views and interests of their constituents, to their own pursuits.
We will now bring the Legislature under this Constitution to the test of the
foregoing principles, which will demonstrate, that it is deficient in every essential quality of a just and safe representation.
The House of Representatives is to consist of 65 members; that is one for about every 50,000 inhabitants, to be chosen every two years. Thirty-three members will form a quorum for doing business, and 17 of these, being the majority, determine the sense of the House.
The Senate, the other constituent branch of the Legislature, consists of 26 members, two from each State, appointed by their Legislatures every six years—fourteen Senators make a quorum; the majority of whom, eight, determines the sense of that body; except in judging on impeachments, or in making treaties, or in expelling a member, when two thirds of the Senators present, must concur.
The President is to have the control over the enacting of laws, so far as to make the concurrence of two thirds of the Representatives and Senators present necessary, if he should object to the laws.
Thus it appears that the liberties, happiness, interests, and great concerns of the whole United States, may be dependent upon the integrity, virtue, wisdom, and knowledge of 25 or 26 men.—How inadequate and unsafe a representation! Inadequate, because the sense and views of 3 or 4 millions of people, diffused over so extensive a territory, comprising such various climates, products, habits, interests, and opinions, cannot be collected in so small a body; and besides, it is not a fair and equal representation of the people even in proportion to its number, for the smallest State has as much weight in the Senate as the largest, and from the smallness of the number to be chosen for both branches of the Legislature; and from the mode of election and appointment, which is under the control of Congress; and from the nature of the thing, men of the most elevated rank in life, will alone be chosen. The other orders in the society, such as farmers, traders, and mechanics, who all ought to have a competent number of their best informed men in the Legislature, will be totally unrepresented.
The representation is unsafe, because in the exercise of such great powers and trusts, it is so exposed to corruption and undue influence, by the gift of the numerous places of honor and emolument, at the disposal of the Executive; by the arts and address of the great and designing; and by direct bribery.
The representation is moreover inadequate and unsafe, because of the long terms for which it is appointed, and the mode of its appointment, by which Congress may not only control the choice of the people, but may so manage as to divest the people of this fundamental right, and become self-elected.
The number of members in the House of Representatives may be increased to one for every 30,000 inhabitants. But when we consider, that this cannot be done without the consent of the Senate, who from their share in the legislative, in the executive, and judicial departments, and permanency of appointment, will be the great efficient body in this Government, and whose weight and predominacy would be abridged by an increase of the Representatives, we are persuaded that this is a circumstance that cannot be expected. On the contrary, the number of Representatives will probably be continued at 65, although the population of the country may swell to treble what it now is; unless a revolution should effect a change!
We have before noticed the Judicial power as it would effect a consolidation of the States into one Government; we will now examine it, as it would affect the liberties and welfare of the people, supposing such a Government were practicable and proper.
The Judicial power, under the proposed Constitution, is founded on the well known principles of the civil law, by which the judge determines both on law and fact, and appeals are allowed from the inferior tribunals to the superior, upon the whole question; so that facts as well as law, would be re-examined, and even new facts brought forward in the court of appeals; and to use the words of a very eminent Civilian—"The cause is many times another thing before the Court of Appeals, than what it was at the time of the first sentence."
That this mode of proceeding is the one which must be adopted, under this Constitution, is evident from the following circumstances:—1st. That the trial by jury, which is the grand characteristic of the common law, is secured by the Constitution, only in criminal cases. 2d. That the appeal from both law and fact is expressly established, which is utterly inconsistent with the prin-

ciples of the common law, and trials by jury. The only mode in which an appeal from law and fact can be established, is, by adopting the principles and practice of the civil law: unless the United States should be drawn into the absurdity of calling and swearing juries, merely for the purpose of contradicting their verdicts, which would render juries contemptible and worse than useless. — 3d. That the courts to be established should decide on all cases of law and equity , which is a well known characteristic of the civil law, and these courts would have cognizance not only of the laws of the United States and of treaties, and of cases affecting Ambassadors, but of all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction , which are matters belonging exclusively to the civil law, in every nation in Christendom.
Not to enlarge upon the loss of the invaluable right of trial by an unbiased jury, so dear to every friend of liberty, the monstrous expence and inconveniences of the mode of proceeding to be adopted, are such as will prove intolerable to the people of this country. The lengthy proceedings of the civil law courts in the chancery of England, and in the courts of Scotland, and France, are such that few men of moderate fortune can endure the expence of; the poor men must therefore submit to the wealthy. Length of purse will too often prevail against right and justice. For instance, we are told by the learned judge Blackstone , that a question only on the property of an ox , of the value of three guineas , originating under the civil law proceedings in Scotland, after many interlocutory orders and sentences below, was carried at length from the court of sessions, the highest court in that part of Great Britain, by way of appeal to the House of Lords, where the question of law and fact was finally determined. He adds, that no pique or spirit could in the court of King's bench or common pleas at Westminster, have given continuance to such a cause for a tenth part of the time, nor have cost a twentieth part of the expence. Yet the costs in the courts of King's bench and common pleas in England, are infinitely greater than those which the people of this country have ever experienced. We abhor the idea of losing the transcendent privilege of trial by jury, with the loss of which, it is remarked by the same learned author, that in Sweden, the liberties of the commons were extinguished by an aristocratic senate; and that trial by jury and the liberty of the people went out together. At the same time we regret the intolerable delay, the enormous expences and infinite vexation to which the people of this country will be exposed from the voluminous proceedings of the courts of civil law, and especially from the appellate jurisdiction, by means of which a man may be drawn from the utmost boundaries of this extensive country to the seat of the Supreme Court of the nation, to contend, perhaps with a wealthy and powerful adversary. The consequence of this establishment will be an absolute confirmation of the power of aristocratical influence in the courts of justice; for the common people will not be able to contend or struggle against it.
Trial by jury in criminal cases may also be excluded by declaring that the libeller, for instance, shall be liable to an action of debt for a specified sum, thus evading the common law prosecution by indictment and trial by jury. And the common course of proceeding against a ship for breach of revenue laws by information (which will be classed among civil causes) will at the civil law be within the resort of a court, where no jury intervenes. Besides the benefit of jury trial, in cases of a criminal nature, which cannot be evaded, will be rendered of little value, by calling the accused to answer far from home; there being no provision that the trial be by a jury of the neighbourhood or country. Thus an inhabitant of Pittsburgh, on a charge of crime committed on the banks of the Ohio, may be obliged to defend himself at the side of the Delaware, and so vice versa . To conclude this head; we observe that the judges of the courts of Congress would not be independent, as they are not debarred from holding other offices during the pleasure of the President and Senate, and as they may derive their support in part from fees, alterable by the legislature.
The next consideration that the Constitution presents, is the undue and dangerous mixture of the powers of Government; the same body possessing Legislative, Executive and Judicial powers. The Senate is a constituent branch of the Legislature, it has Judicial power in judging on impeachments, and in this case unites in some measure the characters of Judge and party; as all the principal officers are appointed by the President General, with the concurrence of the Senate, and therefore they derive their offices in part from the Senate. This may bias the judgments of the Senators, and tend to screen great delinquents from punishment. And the Senate has, moreover, various and great executive powers, viz. in concurrence with the President General, they form treaties with foreign nations, that may control
and abrogate the Constitutions and laws of the several States. Indeed, there is no power, privilege or liberty of the State Governments, or of the people, but what may be affected by virtue of this power. For all treaties, made by them are to be the "supreme law of the land; any thing in the Constitution or laws of any State, to the contrary notwithstanding."
And this great power may be exercised by the President and 10 Senators (being two thirds of 14 which is a quorum of that body). What an inducement would this offer to the ministers of foreign powers to compass by bribery such concessions as could not otherwise be obtained. It is the unvaried usage of all free States, whenever treaties interfere with the positive laws of the land, to make the intervention of the Legislature necessary to give them operation. This became necessary, and was afforded by the Parliament of Great Britain in consequence of the late commercial treaty between that kingdom and France.—As the Senate judges on impeachments, who is to try the members of the Senate for the abuse of this power? And none of the great appointments to office can be made without the consent of the Senate.
Such various, extensive, and important powers combined in one body of men, are inconsistent with all freedom; the celebrated Montesquieu tells us, that "when the Legislative and Executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty, because apprehensions may arise, lest the same Monarch or Senate should enact tyrannical laws, to execute them in a tyrannical manner."
"Again, there is no liberty, if the power of judging be not separated from the Legislative and Executive powers. Were it joined with the Legislative, the life and liberty of the subject would be exposed to arbitrary control: for the Judge would then be Legislator. Were it joined to the Executive power, the Judge might behave with all the violence of an oppressor. There would be an end of every thing, were the same man, or the same body of the Nobles, or of the people, to exercise those three powers: That of enacting laws; that of executing the public resolutions; and that of judging the crimes or differences of individuals."
The President General is dangerously connected with the Senate; his coincidence with the views of the ruling junto in that body, is made essential to his weight and importance in the Government, which will destroy all independency and purity in the Executive department; and having the power of pardoning without the concurrence of a Council, he may screen from punishment the most treasonable attempts that may be made on the liberties of the people, when instigated by his coadjutors in the Senate. Instead of this dangerous and improper mixture of the Executive with the Legislative and Judicial, the Supreme Executive powers ought to have been placed in the President, with a small independent Council, made personally responsible for every appointment to office, or other act, by having their opinions recorded; and that without the concurrence of the majority of the quorum of this Council, the President should not be capable of taking any step.
We have before considered internal taxation, as it would effect the destruction of the State Governments, and produce one consolidated Government. We will now consider that subject as it affects the personal concerns of the people.
The power of direct taxation applies to every individual, as Congress, under this Government, is expressly vested with the authority of laying a capitation or poll tax upon every person to any amount. This is a tax that, however oppressive in its nature, and unequal in its operation, is certain as to its produce, and simple in its collection; it cannot be evaded like the objects of impost or excise, and will be paid, because all that a man hath will he give for his head. This tax is so congenial to the nature of despotism, that it has ever been a favorite under such Governments. Some of those were in the late General Convention from this state, have long labored to introduce a poll-tax among us.
The power of direct taxation will further apply to every individual, as Congress may tax land, cattle, trades, occupations, &c. to any amount, and every object of internal taxation of that nature, that however oppressive, the people will have but this alternative, either to pay the tax, or let their property be taken, for all resistance will be vain. The standing army and select militia, would enforce the collection.
For the moderate exercise of this power, there is no control left in the State Governments, whose intervention is destroyed. No relief, or redress of grievances can be extended, as heretofore by them. There is not even a declaration of RIGHTS to which the people may appeal for the vindication of their wrongs in the Court of Justice. They must therefore, implicitly,
obey the most arbitrary laws, as the worst of them will be pursuant to the principles and form of the constitution; and that strongest of all checks upon the conduct of administration, responsibility to the people , will not exist in this Government. The permanency of the appointments of Senators and Representatives, and the control the Congress have over their election, will place them independent of the sentiments and resentment of the people, and the administration having a greater interest in the Government than in the community, there will be no consideration to restrain them from oppression and tyranny. In the Government of this State, under the old confederation, the members of the Legislature are taken from among the people, and their interests and welfare are so inseparably connected with those of their constituents, that they can derive no advantage from oppressive laws and taxes, for they would suffer in common with their fellow citizens; would participate in the burthens they impose on the community, as they must return to the common level after a short period; and notwithstanding every exertion of influence, every means of corruption, a necessary rotation excludes them from permanency in the Legislature.
This large State is to have but ten members in that Congress which is to have the liberty, property and dearest concerns of every individual in this vast country at absolute command; and even these ten persons, who are to be our only guardians; who are to supercede the Legislature of Pennsylvania, will not be of the choice of the people nor amenable to them. From the mode of their election and appointment they will consist of the lordly and high-minded; of men who will have no congenial feelings with the people, but a perfect indifference for, and contempt of them; they will consist of those harpies of power, that prey upon the very vitals, that riot on the miseries of the community. But we will suppose, although in all probability it may never be realised in fact, that our deputies in Congress have the welfare of their constituents at heart, and will exert themselves in their behalf, what security could even this afford: what relief could they extend to their oppressed constituents? To attain this, the majority of the deputies of the twelve other States in Congress must be alike well disposed; must alike forego the sweets of power, and relinquish the pursuits of ambition, which from the nature of things is not to be expected. If the people part with a responsible representation in the Legislature, founded upon fair, certain and frequent elections, they have nothing left they can call their own. Miserable is the lot of that people whose every concern depends on the WILL and PLEASURE of their rulers. Our soldiers will become Janissaries, and our officers of Government Bathaws; in short, the system of despotism will soon be compleated.
From the foregoing investigation, it appears that the Congress under this Constitution will not possess the confidence of the people, which is an essential requisite in a good Government: for unless the laws command the confidence and respect of the great body of the people, so as to induce them to support them, when called on by the civil Magistrates, they must be executed by the aid of a numerous standing army, which would be inconsistent with every idea of liberty; for the same force that may be employed to compel obedience to good laws, might, and probably would be used to wrest from the people their constitutional liberties. The framers of this Constitution appear to have been aware of this great deficiency; to have been sensible that no dependence could be placed on the people for their support: but on the contrary, that the Government must be executed by force. They have therefore made a provision for this purpose in a permanent STANDING ARMY, and a MILITIA that may be subjected to a strict discipline and Government.
A standing army in the hands of a Government placed so independent of the people, may be made a fatal instrument to overturn the public liberties; it may be employed to enforce the collection of the most oppressive taxes, and to carry into execution the most arbitrary measures. An ambitious man who may have the army at his devotion, may step up into the throne and seize upon absolute power.
The absolute unqualified command that Congress have over the militia may be made instrumental to the destruction of all liberty, both public and private; whether of a personal, civil or religious nature.
First, the personal liberty of every man probably from sixteen to sixty years of age, may be destroyed by the power Congress have in organizing and governing of the militia. As militia they may be subjected to fines to any amount, levied in a military manner; they may be subjected to corporal punishments of the most disgraceful and humiliating kind, and to death itself, by the sentence of a court-martial: To this our young men will be more immediately subjected, as a select militia composed of them, will best answer the purposes of Government.
Secondly, The rights of conscience may be violated, as there is an exemption of those persons who are conscientiously scrupulous of bearing arms. These compose a respectable proportion of the community in the State. This is the more remarkable, because even when the distresses of the late war, and the evident disaffection of many citizens of that description, inflamed our passions, and when every person, who was obliged to risk his own life, must have been exasperated against such as on any account kept back from the common danger, yet even then, when outrage and violence might have been expected, the rights of conscience were held sacred.
At this momentous crisis, the framers of our State Constitution made the most express and decided declaration and stipulations in favor of the rights of conscience: but now when no necessity exists, those dearest rights of men are left insecure.
Thirdly, The absolute command of Congress over the militia, may be destructive of public liberty; for, under the guidance of an arbitrary Government, they may be made the unwilling instruments of tyranny. The militia of Pennsylvania may be marched to New-England or Virginia, to quell an insurrection occasioned by the most galling oppression, and aided by the standing army, they will no doubt be successful in subduing their liberty and independency; but in so doing, although the magnanimity of their minds will be extinguished, yet the meaner passions of resentment and revenge will be increased, and these in turn will be the ready and obedient instruments of despotism to enslave the others; and that with an irritated vengeance. Thus may the militia be made the instruments of crushing the last efforts of expiring liberty, of riveting the chains of despotism on their fellow citizens, and on one another. This power can be exercised not only without violating the Constitution, but in strict conformity with it; it is calculated for this express purpose, and will doubtless be executed accordingly.
As this Government will not enjoy the confidence of the people, but be executed by force, it will be a very expensive and burthensome Government. The standing army must be numerous, and as a further support, it will be the policy of this Government to multiply Officers in every department, Judges, Collectors, Tax-gatherers, Excisemen, and the whole host of Revenue Officers will swarm over the land, devouring the hard earnings of the industrious. Like the locusts of old, impoverishing and desolating all before them.
We have not noticed the smaller, nor many of the considerable blemishes, but have confined our objections to the great and essential defects; the main pillars of the Constitution; which we have shown to be inconsistent with the liberty and happiness of the people, as its establishment will annihilate the State Governments, and produce one consolidated Government, that will eventually and speedily issue in the supremacy of despotism.
In this investigation, we have not confined our views to the interests or welfare of this state, in preference to the others. We have overlooked all local circumstances—we have considered this subject on the broad scale of the general good: We have asserted the cause of the present and future ages: The cause of liberty and mankind.
  Nathaniel Breeding  John Ludwig    John Smilie  Abraham Lincoln    Richard Baird  John Bishop    Adam Orth  Joseph Heister    John A. Hanna  Joseph Powell    John Whitehill  James Martin    John Harris  William Findley    Robert Whitehill  John Baird    John Reynolds  James Edgar    Jonathan Hoge  William Todd.    Nicholas Lutz   
New-York, Dec. 27.
Extract of a letter from Charles M. Thurston, Esq. one of the Representatives for Frederick County, Virginia, in the General Assembly of that State, to the Mayor of Winchester, dated at Richmond, the 15th ult.
"Every person, who has the least pretence to a knowledge of politics of Government, is engaged here on the important subject of the new Federal Constitution, and the most respectable names appear in the pros and cons.—That you and the good people of the town may form some idea of the question, as it stands at present, I will take the liberty of giving you a short list of those said to be on one side and the other. I will place at the head of those for it, Judge Pendleton, who is looked up to as the President of the Convention to be held in June, Nicholas, Wythe, Blair, the Pages, Johnson, Stuart, Harvie, Jones, Wood, and a multitude of others. Against it—First, as the leader of this party, Henry, Mason, Governor Randolph, Lawson, John Taylor, with most of the General Court Lawyers, and many of the Judges, the Nelsons, R. H. Lee, (in many instances father against

son) and many others. In a word, the division of the multitude is great; but, after all, it appears to me, the party in favor of the Constitution must prevail; the signature and approbation of our great WASHINGTON, will give it a preponderancy to weigh down all opposition."
On Wednesday the 12th inst. Sarah Kirk was executed at New-Castle, State of Delaware. She behaved with those sentiments of penitence and resignation, which became her unhappy situation.
From a Philadelphia Paper.
A correspondent hopes that the unanimous ratification of the Federal Government, by the State of New-Jersey, will satisfy the friends of the Minority of Pennsylvania, that there is no despotism in the new Constitution. The yeomanry of New-Jersey love liberty. Nearly every field in that State has been dyed with the blood of its militia, shed in the cause of freedom, and nearly every farm in the State has been plundered by the British army during the late war. Certainly a people who have sacrificed so much for liberty could not have surrendered it by an unanimous vote. No commercial influence, no terror of an applauding gallery, no legal sophistry had any weight in the Convention of that patriotic State, in producing the ratification. The men who pretend to love liberty more than the citizens of New-Jersey, must show that they have done half as much in its defence, before they can be believed.
A friend to society takes this opportunity of recommending to the opposition in the late Convention, a serious consideration of the effects which any further resistance may produce. It is the great principle of society, that a part shall submit to the whole: while therefore, the question was in doubt, they discharged their duty to the people and to themselves in the strenuous attempt to defeat what they deemed an improper and injurious measure; but the decision which has taken place, if it does not yield to conviction, ought to command acquiescence.
For the Daily Advertiser.
To the People of the State of New-York. Friends and Fellow-Citizens,
As the press has teemed with productions respecting the new Constitution, it is to be presumed, that most of you have already formed an opinion, as to its general principles; it is, therefore, not my intention to trouble you with any remarks on those parts, which have been discussed—but to call your attention to a point, which has been entirely unnoticed, and which appears to be sufficiently interesting and important to demand the most serious consideration.
It is necessary to premise, that the proposed Constitution, if adopted, must be considered as an original compact, deriving its sanction from the concurrence of the people, totally abolishing the existing Federal system, and establishing a Government different in style, construction and principles; and, as there is no provision made, for continuing in force the acts and ordinances of the present Confederation, they, of course, will be abrogated.
The Convention that formed our State Constitution acted upon this principle, when they ordained, that the common and statute laws of England, together with the acts of the Colonial Legislature, and the resolutions of the Convention, should continue to be the law of the State. But even if this should be an erroneous position, yet by the dissolution of the present system and its different offices, it is obvious that the acts and ordinances made under it will become inapplicable and inefficient. Now, as it is declared by the new Constitution, that no ex post facto laws shall be passed, will not all responsibility in those who have been entrusted with the management of our monied concerns, be destroyed by this absolute and unqualified prohibition? Will not all laws enacted by the general Legislature, to oblige delinquents to account for the public treasure, in their hands, come under the description of ex post facto laws, and, as repugnant to the Constitution, be nugatory and void?
The 1st paragraph of the 6th article directs, "That all debts contracted and engagements entered into, before the adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States, under this Constitution, as under the Confederation." It was highly proper to give this security to our national creditors. The provision, however, evinces it to have been the sense of the framers of the new Constitution, that the acts and ordinances by which the Federal debts were contracted and engagements entered into, would become void by the establishment of this new Government; for upon this principle only it could have been deemed necessary. There is something very remarkable in the language of this clause; it provides, that all debts contracted and engagements entered into, before the adoption of the Constitution, should be valid against the United States; but there is nothing which ordains that debts due to the United States, or contracts in
their favor, shall be valid; altho' such a provision, it is evident, was equally essential and necessary.
That the Secret Committees of Congress, who for a long time possessed the uncontrolled command of the key of the Continental Treasury, drew from thence immense sums of money; and that large sums have also, from time to time, been issued by resolutions of Congress to the different Officers of the various Staff departments, are incontrovertible facts; and that a great proportion of those monies, to the amount of some millions of dollars, remains to this day unaccounted for, cannot be denied: and if it should, I presume a recurrence to the Treasury and other public offices, will establish it beyond the possibility of dispute.
The People of America are impoverished by a long and ruinous war, borne down with taxes, and it requires their utmost exertions to pay their foreign and domestic debts. In this situation, my fellow citizens, would it be prudent, would it be justifiable, like a neighbouring State, to commence a jubilee, kindle up bonfires, set your bells ringing, and execute a general release to the public debtors?—Debtors who have sported away your substance in the hour of your distress, and who now wantonly riot on the spoils of your bleeding country; it certainly would not. You ought therefore seriously to consider, before you give your fiat to an instrument which will inevitably annihilate the debts due to the United States. I am sensible ex post facto laws are generally deemed dangerous and iniquitous, and in this point of view, their prohibition has been held out by the advocates of the new Constitution, as a lure for its adoption: History and daily experience however, evinces their necessity in some cases, particularly, for the purpose of bringing those concerned in the management of public monies to justice. It is well worthy of observation, my friends and fellow citizens, that by the new Constitution our most inestimable rights, the trial by jury, and the freedom of the press, nay, even the liberty of conscience are committed to the mercy of the general Government, without a single stipulation for their security; and you are told by its advocates, that these important privileges are safely deposited—that the dangers apprehended from their abuse are imaginary and idle, and that, from the nature of the Government, a bill of rights would have been superfluous and ridiculous. How then are we to reconcile this restriction of power in the representatives of the people, as to ex post facto laws, with the assertion, that all power may be safely entrusted to them? Is it not a solecism in politics, through fear of the abuse of power, which is in some instances absolutely necessary, totally to prohibit a Government from the exercise of it, and yet commit the most important rights (which can never be necessary to promote the public good) into their hands without the least limitation? You have been informed, in a speech made in favor of the new Constitution by one of its advocates, and who, (if credit can be given to common fame) took a principal lead in the business, that "it is the nature of man to pursue his own interest in preference to the public good;" and as it well known, that there were gentlemen in the Convention of great weight and influence, who have, in divers characters, been most largely concerned in the monied transactions of the United States, and whose accounts remain unsettled—is it therefore uncharitable to conclude that they were influenced by the above sentiment of their friend and colleague, and consequently solicitous to establish a principle, which would effectually preclude a settlement of their accounts? And is this not rendered the more probable, by the consideration that their agents and connections throughout the States are the warmest advocates for its precipitate adoption, even before the people could have time to understand its principles, and reflect upon the resulting consequences.
It is however immaterial to the public, whether the clause against ex post facto laws proceeded from corruption or inattention, its effects will be the same.
A REPUBLICAN.
** The Public are cautioned against receiving COUNTERFEIT FOUR POUND BILLS, a description of which will be given to-morrow.
** The Brethren of St. JOHN'S LODGE, No. 2, are requested to meet at their Lodge Room, precisely at ten o'clock, THIS MORNING.
FIFTY THREE HOGSHEADS JAMES RIVER TOBACCO, ONE BALE OF NUTMEGS, THREE HUNDRED BARRELS FLOUR. To be landed This Day on Murray's and Marlton's Wharf, for sale, by WILLIAM SETON, & Co. Dec. 27, 1787. rw
BOURBON COFFEE, MUCH esteemed in Europe for its superior flavor, in firkins of 100 lb. each to be sold by LUDLOW and GOOLD. 2 awtf.
SALES at AUCTION, By Frederick Jay, THIS DAY, XII o'clock, opposite the Coffee-House,
6 Hhds. Rum, 10 jars Raisins, 30 doz. Porter, 6 casks Nails, 2 Hhds. London draught Porter, 2 pipes Wine, 2 bales of Feathers, first quality, 5 Hhds. Sugar, 2 Chests Bohea Tea.
TO-MORROW, X o'clock, At No. 244, Queen-street, a variety of DRY GOODS.
AT PRIVATE SALE, A Gold repeating Watch, cost 30 guineas, A Gold Snuff Box, cost 12 guineas, A false Watch, entire gold, cost 10 guineas, A Tooth-pick Case, cost 15 guineas. Thirty Barrels Indian Meal.
SALES at AUCTION, On SATURDAY next, At Messrs. Peck and Hair's Ship-yard, Precisely at XII o'clock.
Will be sold ten ton eleven feet live oak and cedar SHIP TIMBER. ROBERT HUNTER.
PUBLIC AUCTION, By Hugh Smith, TO-MORROW, X o'clock, At No. 22, Wall-street, A seasonable assortment of DRY GOODS.
By PUBLIC AUCTION, THIS DAY, I o'clock, A Brick House, No. 7. Fair-street, 2 rooms on a floor, one with a fire place, the other a bed room; a very good garret, and a complete cellar kitchen with a fire place and oven. The lot is 20 feet wide in front and rear, depth 80 feet. For which an indisputable title will be given. JAMES BARCLAY.
On TUESDAY next, the 1st of Jan. 1788, WILL be PUBLISHED in this City, The American Magazine, A MONTHLY Publication. CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION. Gen. Lincoln's letter on the ingrafting of trees, Anecdote of the Duke of Gordon, Advice to maids, and to husbands that have scolding wives, and wives that have peevish husbands, Principles of government and commerce, On bills of rights, Letter to Dr. Stiles, accounting for the fortifications on the Allegany, Abridgement of Smith's history of Virginia, On education, Letter from Jemima Loveleap, Floretta, or the fountains, Life of Sir Wm. Jones, Kt. Titus Blunt, on fashion, Anecdote of a tailor, Letter from Philander, on marriage, Dr. Dwight's valedictory address, &c. Mr. Pope's letter to the Bishop of Rochester, Letter from Guy Grumbletone, Curiosity, London review of Dr. Adams's defence. POETRY.
Verses on the New Year, Lydia, The Virgin's first love, The seasons moralized, On a lady's striking a fly with her fan, The rare adventures of Tom Brainless; shewing what his father said of him; how he went to college, and what he learned there; how he took his degrees, and went to keeping school; how afterwards he became a great man and wore a wig, and how any body else may do the same, Invocation to the Nightingale, Foreign intelligence, American intelligence, Marriages and deaths. Subscriptions 20s. a year, 10s. for six months advanced. Subscriptions are taken by Mr. LOUDON, Messrs. BERRY and ROGERS, Mr. R. HODGE, Mr. S. CAMPBELL, and Mr. T. ALLEN, Booksellers. New-York, December 27, 1787.
To all LOVERS of MUSIC.
WHEREAS it is proposed by several musical Amateurs, to establish a musical society, both vocal and instrumental, in this city, those gentlemen who wish to patronize and encourage this undertaking, are requested to meet at the Charity School-room in John-street, No. 29, on Saturday evening, the 29th inst. to consider and adopt some fundamental rules for said society.
For CHARLESTON. The SLOOP MARIA, William Elliot, Master, LYING at Bowne's Wharf. For freight or passage, apply to JOHN JACKSON, No. 78, Water-street, or to the Master on board. She will sail on the 6th January—Has good accommodations for Passengers. New-York, Dec. 27, 1787. ed.
SALES at AUCTION THIS DAY, At the Auction-Room, No. 208 Water-street, A large and valuable assortment of DRY GOODS,
Amongst which are—some woollens; two boxes Irish linens; and four trunks dark ground chintzes, two purple and fancy calicoes, cotton and linen handkerchiefs, gold and olive furnitures; and a number of other articles of the latest importation; also 3 chests of superfine Hyson Tea—the whole to be sold without reserve.
To be had at PRIVATE SALE, Genuine Madeira Wine, in pipes, hds. and quarter casks; of superior quality, and fit for immediate use—Hyson and Souchong Tea, and a few casks bottled Porter. 6 doz. each, Kenton's best. A. L. BLECKER.
PUBLIC AUCTION, TO-MORROW, precisely at X o'clock, At No. 221, Queen-street, An assortment of Hardware, Ironmongery and Cutlery.
Particularly a great variety of elegant japanned ware.
At private Sale, cheap for cash, A variety of Linens, Silks, Calicoes, Muslins, Cambricks, Lawns, Point Blankets, white silk Stockings, and Carolina Indigo, London Mould Candles, Claret, in hogheads and bottles, men's white silk Stockings, and a few boxes best Hyson Tea, a few bbls. of Indigo, &c. JOHN RAMSAY.
THE Public are informed, that the subscriber has removed his OFFICE to No. 66, WALL-STREET, his former place of residence. 24th Dec. 1787. W. COCK.
For CHARLESTON, South-Carolina, The SHIP BETSEY, Solomon Saltus, commander, WILL sail the 10th of January. For Freight or Passage, (having elegant accommodations) apply to the commander on board, at the new long wharf, below the Fly-Market, or to GEO. DOUGLASS, No. 14, Fly-Market.
Who has for Sale, 100 tiers New Rice, 100 boxes Castile Soap, 500 lb. Bees Wax, A quantity of superfine and common Flour in barrels and half barrels, A quantity of Ship Bread, 50 barrels Rye Meal, Cayenne and Jamaica Cotton, Hops in bags, Quebec patent Essence of Spruce, Bar Iron, 50 bbls. Middlings, 50 bbls. Ship Stuff, 20 bbls. Alewives, &c. Dec. 24. tf
YESTERDAY Morning about 11 o'clock, between St. Paul's and the Tea-water Pump, a brown Flute Stick, mounted with an ebony head, on the top of which was a white ivory plate; the head is made so as to be screwed off, and in the inside a loose key to fix on the flute, which made it a complete instrument for playing upon; the lower end is mounted with a brass ferril. The stick was made in Philadelphia, by a Mr. Anthony, whose name stands on it a little above the mouth hole. Whoever has picked it up, and will bring it to No. 33. Broad-way, opposite St. Paul's church, shall receive a reasonable reward. New-York, Dec. 21. tf.
By order of the Hon. John Sloss Hobart, Esq; one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the State of New-York: Notice is hereby given to all the creditors of Jonathan Douglass, an insolvent debtor, that they show cause, if any they have, before the said Judge, at his chambers, situated in Crown-street, in the city of New-York, by Monday, the fourteenth day of January next, why an assignment of the said debtor's estate should not be made for the benefit of all his creditors, and he thereupon discharged, pursuant to an act of the Legislature of the State of New-York, entitled, "An act for the relief of insolvent debtors," passed the 13th day of April, 1786. Dated the 26th of December, 1787. JONATHAN DOUGLASS.
Petitioning Creditors.—David Noble; Samuel Beach, by their attorney James Reed; William Grinding.
** A few MAPS of the WESTERN TERRITORY of the UNITED STATES; may be had of the Printer hereof.

For LONDON. The Ship Montgomery , James Bunyan, Master, Has good accommodations for passengers, and will sail with all convenient speed. For freight or passage apply to the Master on board, at Hallett's wharf, or to William Seton and Co. No. 12, Hanover- square. tf Nov. 27.
For MADEIRA. The American BRIG A P O L L O , JAMES TYRIE, Master, Lying at Hallett's wharf; a staunch, good ves- sel, well found, and accommodated; will sail in eight days, wind and weather permitting, and returns directly from Madeira to this port. Importers of Wines will find their interest in or- dering them by this vessel. They may not only have them brought at a low freight, but save con- siderably in duties and insurance. For Passage to Madeira, or Freight from thence, Apply to SHEDDEN, PATRICK, and Co. No. 206, Water-street. Dec. 13. tf.
For SALE. The Hull of the new BRIG J O H N , Burthen about 130 tons, a strong vessel, well built of the best materials, and of an easy draught of water. Apply to NICHOLAS LOW, Esq. No. 216, Wa- ter-street, or SHEDDEN, PATRICK, and Co. No. 206, Water-street. Dec. 13. tf.
For Newry. The SHIP MERCHANT , George Bunker, Master, And the SHIP ANN and SUSAN , William Chevers, Master. The former will sail on the 23d inst. and the latter, early in January. For Freight or Passage in this ship, or Passage in the former, apply to their Masters, or Wm. NEILSON. Dec. 13. 2w.
SHALER and SEBOR No. 27 Queen-street, have for sale, A QUANTITY of plated ware, consisting of can- dlesticks, branches, tea caddies, snuffer pans, egg cups, goblets, coffee pots and Muffineers, black table cakes, with knives, forks, and spoons coin- cides, fruit stands, paper bottle stands, japanned bread-trays, caddies and snuffer pans, plate warm- ers, brass chasing dishes, cork screws, steel snuffers, sadler, brass rings, cloak pins, sleeve buttons, brass table hangings, guns and gun locks, China tea cups chimney pieces, sets of house bushes, neat mahog- any razor cases, silver watches, elegant steel and gilt watch chains, trinkets, shirt pins, buckles, rings, paste, shoe, knee, and stock buckles and sleeve but- tons, fine Irish sheeting, fine dyed jeans, Marcellus quilting, flak shaggs, black cape, white and black gazes, mouselins, muffs, feathercoats, habassies, hicerfoss, barnegore, romalls, coded dimity, and a box of assorted bolting cloths, with a variety of other articles which will be disposed of for cash or shipping produce, at a price much below the sterling cost. At same place may be had, Madeira, Teneriffe, and Malaga wine, by the pipe or quarter cask, Cham- pagne of an excellent quality, by the case or dozen, striped duffel blankets, a variety of hard ware, a large assortment of Irish linens, 3-4, 7-8 and 4-4, re- ceived by the Montgomery, are now opening, and will be sold together with the above goods on the lowest terms. New-York, November 27, 1787.
BROTHERS, COSTER and Co. Have for sale at their Store No. 8, Duke-street, Just Imported in the COLUMBIA and the GRACE , from Amsterdam: BOHEMIA TEA, fresh, and of a superior quality, Duchess ditto, Pepper in Bales, best Holland Duck, Russia ditto, Raven's Duck, Russia Sheeting, Ticklenburgh Linen, Osnaburgh ditto, Holland Silecia Sheeting, Placillies and Breanties, Brown Hollandois, Dowlais and Holland Bed-tick, Cambricks, black Laces, and silk Hair Ribbons, a neat assortment of Callimancoes, black Barcelona, Romall, cotton and linen Handkerchiefs, Checks and Holland Stripes, Hats, Writing Paper and Slates, Looking Glasses, Frying Pans and Dutch Iron Pots, Dutch Tea Kettles and Brass Kettles, best Clare in small cases for family use, Lustrous Oil and Paints, Holland Geneva, in pipes, in large and small cases and jugs, Dutch Hatchels or Flax Combs, &c. &c. 23 Oct. 1787. tf
HILL and OGDEN No. 41, Great-Dock-street, have just imported by the Grace , from Amsterdam, and for sale on ve- ry reasonable terms, for Cash, Notes at short Payments, Pot-ashes, Flax-seed, Bar-Iron, Wheat or Flour, an assortment of the following articles, viz. TICKLENBURGH, oznaburghs, German dowlas, Russia diaper, placillas, Britanniaks, cotton and linen checks, sheetings of excellent quality, white Flem- ish linen, German stripes and checks, lawns, cal- licoes, writing paper, &c. They have likewise for sale, coatings, Yorkshire cloths, calimancoes, du- rants, flannels, Irish linens, &c. Also, IMPROVED FRANKLIN STOVES, cast in the Air-Furnace, at Newark, which, besides be- ing exceedingly neat, are constructed to give more heat into the room, a remedy for smoky chimneys, and more secure from fire than any other. Also, Pot- ash kettles, large hammers and anvils refined from hog-ore, pig-metal, and approved by many years experience. N. B. Orders are received by them for every kind of hollow-ware and iron-castings, made at said Air-Furnace, and will be executed with dispatch and superior neatness. Oct. 31. tf.
** The Printer having obtain- ed a Copy of some OBSERVA- TIONS made in the late FEDE- RAL CONVENTION, by a Mem- ber of that Body, the Public may be furnished with them at the printing-office. Price 2s.
LOT MERKEL, No. 33, Hanover-Square, nearly opposite the Bank, Manufactures and has for sale a complete and ge- neral assortment MUFFS and TIPPETS, of MARTIN and Martin Throat, Swan's Down and real Ermine, Russia and Siberia Squirrel, American Ground Squirrel, Russia Hare and red Fox, Real Black Squirrel, belt furs, Mock Sable and Mock Ermine. Likewise a large and general assortment of Fur Trimming and Edgings, for Ladies Cloaks, Coats and Habits, Ladies Cloak Linings, Gentlemen's Great Coats lined with Furr, Fur Gloves, &c. &c. *S* The above articles he is now selling on the most reasonable Terms for Cash only. N. B. Orders from the Country executed in the best manner. October 11, 1787. tf.
JAMES SAIDLER Insurance Broker, No. 31, Water-street, two doors from the corner of King-street. BUYS and sells on Commission, all kinds of Pub- lic Securities, Goods and Produce, as usual. He has also imported in the Wilson , from Liver- pool, the America , from London, and last vessels from Europe, a neat assortment of GOODS, consist- ing of fine brown, mist, blue drab, and copper- coloured Broad Cloths, Coatings, Duffles and Blan- kets, Flannels and Baizes, 3-4, 7-8, 4-4 and 11-8 wide cotton Checks, printed Cottons, Chintzes, Ribbons, Lawns, Lawn Handkerchiefs and Aprons, Sattins and Modes, cotton and silk Handkerchiefs, sewing Silks and Twill, fine and coarse Hats, Mo- reens, Durants, Tamnies, Callimancoes and Cam- bricks, Table Cloths and Diapers, Writing Paper, and an assortment of HARD WARE, &c. which he will sell on reasonable terms, for Cash, Country Produce, or public Securities. Also, six pair of el- egant brass mounted Fire Dogs, and a few barrels pickled Mackerel and Cod-Fish, in excellent order. Apply as above. N. B. Purchasers of unappropriated and confiscated lands, can be supplied with certificates on the most reasonable terms.
A CAUTION to OWNERS and MASTERS of VESSELS, THAT they beware of rigging which is made of Holland yarn; for it is made in great quanti- ties and exposed to sale, to the hurt of the buyer. It is of such a base quality, that it is not sufficient for cables or rigging of any kind: it is spun and dressed off in such a manner, as makes it difficult for the buyer to know it from the best rope. In order to try its evil quality, let the buyer take a few yards of the fag end of the rope, and open them into hemp, and if it prove to be short tow, you may take it for granted to be Holland yarn; which is spun of short tow and refuse of the hemp, that is manufactured in- to sail-cloth in Holland. N. B. If it should be enquired who are the pro- moters of this caution, be it known that we are a com- pany of rope-makers, who think it too tedious to insert our names here. tf New-York, Nov. 8.
Genteel ROOMS TO be had, furnished or unfurnished, in a plea- sant part of the city, with or without board; also a good front Room for a store or an office. Enquire of the Printer. tm Dec. 8.
A GENTLEMAN LATELY arrived from Ireland, bred in Trinity College, Dublin, experienced some years in the education of youth, and in the course of his practice, has fired many young gentlemen for that university, in the Greek, Latin and English Lan- guages, Logic, Rhetoric, Natural Philosophy, Hi- story, Geography, &c. can bear the strictest exami- ny as to his character and his abilities in his pro- fession. Any gentleman who may favor him with his commands, by addressing a few lines to G. H. S. at the Printer's of the Daily Advertiser , or at Mr. McCornick's, No. 11, Crager's wharf, shall be particularly attended to. N. B. He will engage to fit any boy of ap- proved abilities for any college in less than four years, and can have many to certify he has already done it. Dec. 8, 1787.
THOMAS BURLING, CABINET and CHAIR-MAKER, At the Sign of the Chair, near the Chapel, in Beck- man-street, formerly Chapel-street. ACKNOWLEDGES the many favors received from his friends and the public, and would wish to inform them that he has opened a Ware-Room of MAHOGANY and other FURNITURE, on a more ex- tensive plan than heretofore; and for the conveni- ence of strangers and others, who may resort to, or settle in this city, he means to keep an assortment where they may be supplied on the shortest notice; for it must hurt the feelings of every citizen to ob- serve the daily impositions strangers are liable to, in purchasing new furniture at these public vendues. He served his time with Samuel Prince, a conspic- uous character in this way, and esteemed one of the best workmen in this city; and as he has laid in a stock of the best Mahogany and other Wood, and means to employ the best hands, and sell his work at the lowest rate good work falls at, he flatters himself with being able to give satisfaction to his customers. Bed Chairs for the Sick having been much wanted in this city, said Burling has provided some to let. Nov. 10. tf.
CABLES of any length, and CORDAGE of all sizes, made of Peterboro' Hemp, first quality, TO be had at the Subscriber's Rope-walk, or at his Store, between Fly-market Stairs and Burling- ship, on the very lowest terms. Cables spliced with the addition of any length required; Cables or Cordage of any size reduced into yarn, and made into Rope to any dimensions, at a very small expence, by MEZEKIAH IVERS, Rope-Maker. July 25th, 1787. tf.
C A S H, And the HIGHEST PRICES given, for all kinds of CONTINENTAL and STATE SECURITIES, PARTICULARLY Banker's, Barber's, Burrall's, Pierce's and Walker's NOTES and FACIL- TIES, at No. 40, Wall-street, four doors from the corner of Queen-street; Where are to be sold, Excellent old MADEIRA WINE, in pipes or quar- ter-casks, BEEF, PORK, and BAR IRON. July 24.
To the Curious. To be seen at Mr. Stevens's Livery Stables, Wall-street, near Pitt's Statue, Two CAMELS, MALE and female; lately imported from Ara- bia. These stupendous animals are most deserving the attention of the curious, being the greatest natural curiosities ever exhibited to the pub- lic on this continent. They are 18 hands high, have necks three feet eight inches long, a large high hunch upon their back, and another under their breast, in the form of a pedestal, on which they sup- port themselves when lying down; they have four joints in their hind legs, and they will travel twelve or fourteen days without drinking, and carry a bur- then of fifteen hundred weight; they are remarkably harmless and docile, and will lie down and rise at command. Price of admittance one shilling for gentlemen and ladies, and six-pence for children. Dec. 3. tf.
Fifty Pounds Reward. A BURGLARY and ROBBERY. TO all honest and well disposed people: This is to give notice, that the subscriber being in pub- lic office, as collector of the township of Aughquack- nock, in the county of Essex, and State of New-Jer- sey;---his dwelling-house was beset and violently broke open on the night of the 30th of November, 1787, by a set of armed ruffians, who put the subscri- ber and his family in great terror and danger of their lives; and after treating him with much intolence, robbed him of a large sum of money, in gold, sil- ver and paper currency, belonging to the public and the subscriber, as also one silver tea-pot marked P.P.P., one silver sugar dish unmarked, one silver milk-pot unmarked, twelve silver table-spoons marked H.P., four silver tea-spoons unmarked, one sil- ver watch, a small piece of the face broke out, with a silver chain and silver seal engraved with the let- ters R.M.W. one silver snuff-box marked on the top part of it M.B. one pair silver knee-buckles, and one silver flock-buckle; as also four gold rings, and one gold locket, used for women's heads; together with undry other articles belonging to the subscriber. It is earnestly hoped, that all honest and well dispo- sed people will unite their best endeavors to apprehend the said robbers, so that they may be brought to jus- tice: And the subscriber hereby engages to pay the above reward to any person or persons, who will ap- prehend all or either of the said robbers, so that they be convicted of the said robbery, and he recover his lost property, or twenty-five pounds for the said rob- bers, or either of them, on conviction, together with all reasonable charges attending the appre- hending and bringing to justice, all or either of the said ruffians. HESSEL PETERSE. Wesel, Essex County, Dec. 4, 1787. tf.
JUST IMPORTED, In the Montgomery , Capt. Bunyan, from London, and other late vessels from Great-Britain, and to be SOLD on very reasonable terms, by ROBERT HODGE, No. 237, the corner of King and Queen-streets, A large and choice Collection of BOOKS; Among which are, ELEGANT folio family bibles, with near 200 cuts in each; Burkitt on the new testament, Brown's self-interpreting bible, 2 vols; Cruden's concordance, Warden's system of divinity, Whitby's commentary, Blair's, Carr's, Erskine's, Bolton's, Willison's, Atterbury's, &c. Sermon's; Nelson's festivals, Cullen's, Duncan's, and Hoffman's prac- tice of physic; Van Swieten's commentaries, 18 vols. Boerhaave's aphorisms, 6 vols. Smellie, and Hamilton's midwifery; Leake on the diseases of women, 2 vols. Quincey's medical lexicon, Four- croy's chemistry, &c. Ainsworth's, Young's, Cole's, and Entick's latin dictionaries; Davison's Virgil and Horace; Duncan's Cicero, Kent's Lucian- Clark's Cæsar, Homer, Nepos, Eutropius, Frasmus, and introduction; Simpson's fluxions, and Fuelid; Hammond's algebra, Stone's Euclid; Love's survey- ing, Guthrie's and Salmon's geographical gram- mars; Johnson's, Sheridan's, Ashes, Dycke's, Bailey's, Scott's, Perry's, and Entick's dictionaries; Bennet's christian oratory, Scott on elocution, el- egant extracts in verse, do. in prose. Lord Little- ton's letters, Klopstock's Messiah, Hutton's men- suration, Hawney's mensurer. Besides the above, a great variety, consisting of History, Divinity, Law, Philosophy, Mathematics, Biography, Geography, Poetry, Physic, Surgery, Agriculture, Nautical Books, Dictionaries, Archi- tecture, Novels, Miscellanies, Plays, &c. Also, an excellent Assortment of STATIONARY, viz. Genuine Writing Paper, of different sizes and prices; Ledgers, Journals, Waste, Letter, and Blank Books of all sizes; Receipt Books, Bonnet and Wrapping Paper, Sealing Wax, Wafers, Quills, Slates, lead and slate Pencils, Penknives, elegant Shoe Buckles, Messge Cards, &c. &c. ** Commission from the Country thankfully received, and carefully executed. Nov. 24. tf.
Just Published, And to be SOLD by SAMUEL CAMPBELL, (Price FIVE SHILLINGS) Sixteen SERMONS, on important subjects. By JAMES MUIR, A.M. Minister of the Presbyterian Church in Bermuda. THESE Sermons have been published under the inspection of the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, of Princeton; who warmly recommends them to the perusal of all serious christians. Likewise, (Price TWO SHILLINGS) Dr. Witherspoon's ADDRESS On the day of Commencement, to the Senior Class, who were to receive the Degree of Bachelor of Arts: Containing the best system of Direction to Young Men, for the Government of their Lives, perhaps ever published in the English language. 59.
SALT-PETRE. A few hundred weight may be had very low of EFFINGHAM LAWRENCE, No. 227, Queen-street, facing the Fly-market. Also a large and general assortment of Genuine DRUGS & MEDICINES, Patent Medicines, Perfumeries, Surgical Instru- ments, &c. for which Cash, Ginseng, Bees- wax, Snake-root, Potash, Pearl-ashes, &c. will be taken in payment. MEDICINE CHESTS complete, with directions. Orange Peas for Illness. N. B. An APPRENTICE wanted. Oct. 12. tf.
George and Robert Lewis, & Co. No. 233, Queen-street, In addition to the Goods received by the Betsey and Willson, are now opening for SALE by the Mont- gomery, Capt. Bunyan, viz. 3-4, 7-8 and 4-4 Irish Linens, Dowlas and Sheerings, 4-4, 5-4 and 6-4 fashionable Shawls, Printed Linens and Cottons, 7-8, 9-8, fancy and Chintz Callicoes, Furniture ditto, A general assortment of cotton and linen Hand- kerchiefs, Leno, Lawn, and Black Silk, ditto. Bandanno and Romall ditto, 7-8 and 11-8, plain, cored, striped and check- ed Lawns, Rich fashionable Waist-coat shapes, Striped and gold-barred Tullinet Waistcoatings, Florentines and Sattins, An assortment of Hosiery, Table Cloths, Clouting-Diapers, &c. &c. &c. Which they are determined to dispose of at their usual low prices for Cash, Notes at a short date, and shipping produce. New-York, Nov. 21, 1787. tf.
FRANCIS PANS, No. 51, Broad-street, Has received by the Montgomery , collected by the other late arrivals, and has remaining on hand of his former stock, the following general as- sortment in the FANCY, MILLENNERY, and DRY GOOD Line, CHINA and satin ribbons, a great variety differ- ent widths and colors; plain net, crape, lous- se, silk spotted and striped, black and white gauze; fancy colored cane hats, yellow and black Leghorn do. per dozen or quantity; black and white skein and ribbon wires; wire frames for the latest fashion bonnets; mock point laces; black silk ditto, and edgings; white thread laces and edgings; black sat- ins and modes; lace strings, white and colored face- ners; chintzes and callicoes; furniture col per plate do. linens and checks; moreens, calimancoes and fluff; silk thread, cotton, and worsted hole; pink, blue, green, and dove colored silk quilts; mouselin and cotton shawls; silk, linen, and cotton handkerchiefs; corded dimities, mouselin and chinu trimmings; plain and spring dawns, plain and striped mus- lins; lawn and mouselin handkerchiefs; fine and com- mon cambrics; black patent net lace; nankeens, umbrellas, artificial flowers, feathers, flannels, baizes, and striped wildbores, sewing silks, threads, &c. &c. all which will be sold on the very lowest terms, for immediate payment. He returns his sincere thanks to the public in gene- ral for their past custom, and solicits a continuance. The Millinery Business will still continue to be carried on in the most extensive manner, with the utmost exertions to give satisfaction; and to enable him to sell off the large stock of gauzes, ribbons, &c. remaining on hand, every article in that line will be charged at the lowest terms possible. Nov. 23. tf.
TO BE SOLD By GEORGE DOUGLASS, No. 14, Fly-Market; ONE hundred barrels Philadelphia superfine Flour, 150 do. do. common do. 50 half barrels do. do. 3000 lb. Cayenne and Hispaniola Cotton, 8 cwt. Hop, 100 barrels Ship-bread, Pork in barrels, Bar Iron, Old Jamaica Spices in hds. Dec. 4. tf.
To be Let until the first of May, THAT pleasantly situated HOUSE, No. 13, cor- ner of Beekman and William-street; For particulars, apply at the premises. tf Oct. 27.
For SALE by AUCTION, By Viner Van Zandt, At the Coffee-House, On Tuesday the 15th day of January, 1788, THAT very capital modern built DWEL- LING HOUSE three stories high, sit- uated in Princess-street, late in the posses- sion of Dominic Lynch, Esq.; and now oc- cupied by Mr. Simeon Nathan, containing nine fire places, and a spacious hall there is on the same, a spacious store house two stories, coach house and stables for four hor- ses, &c. a well of excellent water and pump. Also, a cistern, together with a large plot of ground now laid out as a garden, with an elegant summer house in the rear. The situation is undeniably a good one the premises in good repair; were erected on a judicious plan, well calculated for the ease and comfort of the inhabitants; and when it is recollected that the House and designed as the residence of the builder, it may be fairly presumed that it is substan- tially and well built; the Compting House and rooms are fitted with peculiar neatness; and on the whole, few houses are better adapted for a town residence. The premi- ses may be viewed preceding the day of sale, with the leave of the tenant; a plan of the ground may be seen, and further parti- culars known of VINER VAN ZANDT, No. 202, Water-street.
Printed by FRANCIS CHILDS, No. 22, Hanover-Square.