National gazette. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1791-11-14 00:00:00

National Gazette.
By PHILIP FRENEAU.
VOL. I.
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1791.
NUMB. 5
READ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ON THURSDAY LAST.
United States, Nov. the 10th, 1791.
Gentlemen of the Senate and of the House of Representatives,
THE resolution passed at the last session of Congress, requesting the President of the United States to cause an estimate to be laid before Congress at their next session, of the quantity and situation of the lands not claimed by the Indians, nor granted to, nor claimed by any of the citizens of the United States, within the territory ceded to the United States by the state of North-Carolina, and within the territory of the United States north-west of the river Ohio, has been referred to the Secretary of State: a copy of whose report on that subject I now lay before you, together with the copy of a letter accompanying it.
G o . WASHINGTON.
Philadelphia, Nov. 8th, 1791.
SIR, I HAVE the honor to enclose you a report on the lands of the United States, within the north western and south-western territories, unclaimed either by Indians or by citizens of these states.
In order to make the estimate of their quantity and situation, as desired by the legislature, it appeared necessary, first to delineate the Indian boundaries which circumscribe those territories and then to present a statement of all claims of citizens within the same; from whence results the residuary unclaimed mass, whereon any land law the legislature may think proper to pass, may operate immediately, and without obstruction.
I have not presumed to decide on the merits of the several claims, nor consequently to investigate them minutely:—This will only be proper, when such of them as may be thought doubtful, if there should be any such, shall be taken up for final decision.
I have the honor to be, with sentiments of the most perfect respect and attachment,
Sir, Your most obedient and most humble servant, TH. JEFFERSON.
The President of the United States.
The SECRETARY of STATE, to whom was referred by the PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES, the Resolution of Congress, requesting the President 'to cause an estimate to be laid before Congress at their next session, of the quantity and situation of the lands not claimed by the Indians, nor granted to, nor claimed by any citizens of the United States, within the territory ceded to the United States, by the State of North-Carolina, and within the territory of the United States, North-west of the river Ohio', makes thereon the following
REPORT.
THE Territory ceded by the State of North-Carolina to the United States, by deed bearing date the 25th day of February 1790, is bounded as follows, to wit: Beginning in the boundary between Virginia and North-Carolina, that is to say, in the parallel of latitude 36 1-2 degrees north from the equator, on the extreme height of the Stone mountain, where the said boundary or parallel intersects it, and running thence along the said extreme height to the place where Watauga River breaks through it; thence a direct course to the top of the Yellow Mountain, where Bright's Road crosses the same; thence along the ridge of the said mountain between the waters of Doe River and the waters of Rock Creek, to the place where the road crosses the Iron Mountain; from thence along the extreme height of said mountain to where Noechee River runs through the same; thence to the top of the Bald Mountain; thence along the extreme height of the said mountain to the painted rock, on French Broad River; thence along the highest ridge of the said mountain, to the place where it is called the Great Iron or Smokey Mountain: thence along the extreme height of the said mountain to the place where it is called Unaka Mountain, between the Indian towns of Cowee and Old Chota; thence along the main ridge of the said mountain, to the southern boundary of the said state of North-Carolina, that is to say, to the parallel of latitude 35 degrees north from the equator; thence westwardly along the said boundary or parallel, to the middle of the river Mississippi; thence up the middle of the said river to where it is intersected by the first mentioned parallel of 36 1-2 degrees; thence along
the said parallel to the beginning: which tract of country is a degree and a half of latitude from north to south, and about 360 miles, in general, from east to west, as nearly as may be estimated from such maps as exist of that country.
The Indians having claims within the said tract of country, are, the Cherokees and Chickasaws, whose boundaries are settled by the treaties of Hopewell, concluded with the Cherokees on the 28th day of November, 1785, and with the Chickasaws, on the 10th day of January, 1786, and by the treaty of Holston, concluded with the Cherokees, July 22, 1791. These treaties acknowledge to the said Indians all the lands westward and southward of the following lines, to wit; beginning in the boundary between South and North-Carolina, where the South-Carolina Indian boundary strikes the same; thence north to a point from which a line is to be extended to the river Clinch, that shall pass the Holston, at the ridge which divides the waters running into Little River from those running into the Tennessee; thence up the river Clinch to Campbell's Line, and along the same to the top of the Cumberland Mountain; thence in a direct course towards the Cumberland River, where the Kentucky road crosses it, as far as the Virginia line, or parallel aforesaid, of 36 1-2 degrees; thence westwardly, or eastwardly, as the case shall be, along the said line or parallel to the point thereof, which is due north-east from another point to be taken on the dividing ridge of Cumberland and Duck Rivers, 10 miles from Nashville; thence south-west to the point last mentioned, on the said dividing ridge, and along the said dividing ridge north-westwardly, to where it is intersected by the said Virginia line, or parallel of 36 1-2 degrees. So that there remained to the United States, the right of pre-emption of the lands westward and southward of the said lines, and the absolute right to those northward thereof, that is to say; to one parcel to the eastward, somewhat triangular, comprehending the counties of Sullivan and Washington, and parts of those of Greene and Hawkins, running about 150 miles from east to west, on the Virginia boundary, as its base, and between 80 and 90 miles from north to south, where broadest; and containing, as may be conjectured, without pretending to accuracy, between seven and eight thousand square miles, or about five millions of acres; And to one other parcel to the westward, somewhat triangular also, comprehending parts of the counties of Sumner, Davidson, and Tennessee, the base whereof extends about 150 miles also, from east to west, on the same Virginia line, and its height, from north to south, about 55 miles, and to may comprehend about four thousand square miles, or upwards of two and a half millions of acres of land.
Within these triangles, however, are the following claims of citizens, reserved by the deed of cession, and consequently forming exceptions to the rights of the United States.
1. Appropriations by the state of North-Carolina, for their continental and state officers and soldiers. 2. Grants, and titles to grants vested in individuals by the laws of the state. 3. Entries made in Armstrong's office, under an act of that state, of 1783, for the redemption of specie and other certificates.
The claims covered by the 1st reservation are, 1st. The bounties in land given by the said state of North-Carolina, to their continental line, in addition to those given by Congress; these were to be located within a district bounded northwardly by the Virginia line, and southwardly by a line parallel thereto, and 55 miles distant. Westwardly, by the Tennessee, and eastwardly by the meridian of the intersection of the Virginia line, and Cumberland river; grants have accordingly issued for 1,939,498 acres, and warrants for the further quantity of 1,519,726 acres, making together 2,789,224 acres.
It is to be noted that the south-western and south-eastern angles of this district, constituting perhaps a fourth or a fifth of the whole, are south of the lines established by the treaties of Hopewell and Holston, and consequently in a country wherein the Indian title is acknowledged and guaranteed by the United States. No information is received of the exact proportion of the locations made within these angles.
2d. Bounties in land to Evans's Battalion, raised for state purposes. These were to be taken west of the Cumberland Mountain. The locations are not yet made. 3d. The second reservation covers the following claims.
1. Lands for the surveyor-general's fees for laying out the military bounties, to be located in the military district. The grants already issued on this account amount to 30,203 acres. 2. Grants to Isaac Shelby, Anthony Bledsoe, and Absalom Tatum, commissioners for laying out the military bounties; and to guards, chain carriers, markers, and hunters, who attended
ed them, already issued to the amount of 65,932 acres, located in the military district.
3. Entries in Washington county amounting to 745,362 1-2 acres; for 214,549 3-4 of which grants have already issued. Of the remaining 531,812 3-4 acres, a considerable proportion were declared void by the laws of the state, and were particularly excluded from the cover of the reservation in the deed of cession, by this clause in it, to wit, Provided that nothing herein contained shall extend, or be construed to extend, to the making good any entry or entries, or any grant or grants, heretofore declared void, by any act or acts of the General Assembly of this state. Still it is to be considered, that many of these persons have settled and improved the lands, are willing, as is said to comply with such conditions as shall be required of other purchasers, form a strong barrier on the new frontier, acquired by the treaty of Holston, and are therefore objects meriting the consideration of the legislature.
4. Entries in Sullivan county, amounting to 240,624 acres; for 173,332 acres of which grants have already issued; of the remaining entries, many are certified void, and others under flood to be lapsed or otherwise voidable under the laws of the state.
5. Certain pre-emption rights granted to the first settlers of Davidson county, on Cumberland river, amounting to 309,760 acres.
6. A grant of 200,000 acres to Richard Henderson and others on Powell's and Clinch's rivers, extending up Powell's river in a breadth of not less than 4 miles, and down Clinch's from their junction in a breadth not less than 12 miles. A great part of this is within the Indian territory.
Among the grants of the state now under recapitulation, as forming exceptions out of the absolute rights of the United States, are not to be reckoned here two grants of 2,000 acres each to Alexander Martin and David Wilson, adjacent to the lands allotted to the officers and soldiers; nor a grant of 25,000 acres on Duck river to the late Major General Greene; because they are wholly within the Indian territory, as acknowledged by the treaties of Hopewell and Holston.
The extent of the third reservation in favour of entries made in Armstrong's office is not yet entirely known, nor can be till the 20th of December 1792, the last day given for perfecting them: the sum of certificates, however, which had been paid for these warrants into the treasury of the state, before the 20th day of May 1790, reaches in all probability near to their whole amount; this was £873,640.6 5, currency of that State, and at the price of £ 10 the hundred acres established by law, shews that warrants had issued for 3,736,498 acres; For 1,762,660 of these, grants have passed, which appear to have been located partly in the counties of Greene and Hawkins, and partly in the country, from thence to the Mississippi as divided into Eastern, Middle and Western districts. Almost the whole of these locations are within the Indian territory—besides the warrants paid for as before mentioned, it is known that there are some others outstanding and not paid for: but perhaps these need not be taken into account, as payment of them has been disputed on the ground, that the lands being within the Indian territory, cannot now be delivered to the holders of the warrants.
On a review of all the reservations, after making such constitutional allowance as our information authorizes, for the proportion of them, which may be within the Indian boundaries, it appears probable that they cover all the ceded lands susceptible of culture, and cleared of the Indian title, that is to say, all the habitable parts of the two triangles beforementioned, excepting only the lands south of French Broad, and Big Pigeon Rivers. These were part of the tract appropriated by the laws of the state, to the use of the Indians, whose title being purchased at the late treaty of Holston, they are now free to be disposed of by the United States, and are probably the only lands open to their disposal, within this south-western territory, which can excite the attention of purchasers. They are supposed to amount to about 300,000 acres, and we are told that 300 families have already set down upon them without right or licence.
The territory of the United States north-west of the Ohio, is bounded on the south by that river, on the east, by Pennsylvania, on the north and west, by the lines which divide the United States from the dominions of Great Britain and Spain.
The part of this territory occupied by Indians, is north and west of the following lines, established with the Wiandots, Delawares, Chippewas, and Ottawas by the treaty of Fort M'Intosh, and, with the Shawanese, by that of the Great Miami, to wit; beginning at the mouth of the Cayahoga, and running up the river to the portage, between that and the Tuscaroras branch of the Muskingum, then down the said branch to the Forks, at the crossing place above Fort Lawrence, then westwardly, towards the portage of
the Big Miami, to the main branch of that river, then down the Miami to the Fork of that river, next below the old Fort, which was taken by the French in 1752; thence due west to the river De la Pante, and down that river to the Wabash. So far the lines are precisely defined, and the whole country southward of these lines, and eastward of the Wabash, cleared of the claims of those Indians, as it is also of those of the Pouiwatimas, and Sacs, by the treaty of Muskinkum. How far on the other side of the Wabash, the southern boundary of the Indians has been defined, we know not. It is only understood in general, that their title to the lower country, between that river and the Illinois, has been formerly extinguished by the French, while in their possession. As to that country then, and what lies full beyond the Illinois, it would seem expedient that nothing be done, till a fair ascertainment of boundary can take place, by mutual consent, between us and the Indians interested.
The country within the Wabash, the Indian line before described, the Pennsylvania line, and the Ohio, contains, on a loose estimate, about 55,000 square miles, or 35 millions of acres.
During the British government, great numbers of persons had formed themselves into companies under different names, such as the Ohio, the Wabache, the Illinois, the Mississippi, or Vandalia companies, and had covered, with their applications, a great part of this territory. Some of them had obtained orders on certain conditions, which, having never been fulfilled, their titles were never completed by grants. Others were only in a state of negotiation, when the British authority was discontinued. Some of these claims being already under a special reference by order of Congress, and all of them probably falling under the operation of the same principles, they will not be noticed in the present report.
The claims of citizens to be here stated are, be,
I. Those reserved by the states in their deeds of cession. II. Those which have arisen under the government of the United States themselves.
Under the first head presents itself the tract of country from the completion of the 4th degree, to 42 deg. 2 min. of north latitude, and extending from the Pennsylvania line beforementioned, 120 miles westward, not mentioned in the deed of Connecticut, while all the country westward thereof, was mentioned to be ceded; about two and a half millions of acres of this may perhaps be without the Indian lines beforementioned.
2. A reservation in the deed of Virginia of the possessions and titles of the French and Canadian inhabitants and other settlers of the Kaskaskias, St. Vincents, and the neighbouring villages, who had professed themselves citizens of Virginia, which rights have been settled by an act of the last session of Congress, intituled "An act for granting lands to the inhabitants and settlers at Vincennes and the Illinois country in the territory north west of the Ohio, and for confirming them in their possessions." These lands are in the neighbourhood of the several villages.
3. A reservation in the same deed of a quantity not exceeding 150,000 acres of land for General George Rogers Clarke, and the officers and soldiers of his regiment who were at the reduction of Kaskaskias, and St. Vincents, to be laid off in such place on the north west side of the Ohio, as a majority of the officers should choose. They chose they should be laid off on the river adjacent to the rapids, which accordingly has been done.
4. A reservation, in the same deed, of lands between the Siota and Little Miami, to make up to the Virginia troops on continental establishment, the quantity which the good lands, in their southern allotment, might fall short of the bounties given them by the laws of that state. By a statement of the 16th of September 1788, it appears that 724,045 2-3 acres had been surveyed for them on the fourth eastern side of the Ohio; that 1,395,385 1-3 acres had been surveyed on the north western side; that warrants for 639,649 acres more, to be laid off on the same side of the river, were in the hands of the surveyor, and it was supposed there might still be some few warrants not yet presented; so that this reservation may be stated at 2,045,084 1-3 acres, or perhaps some small matter more.
II. The claims of individual citizens derived from the United States themselves are the following.
1. Those of the continental army, founded on the resolutions of Congress of September 16, 1776, August 12, and September 30, 1780, and fixed by the ordinance of May 20, 1785. The resolution of October 22, 1787, and the supplementary ordinance of July 9, 1788, in the seven ranges of townships, beginning at a point on the Ohio, due north from the western termination of a line then lately run, as the southern boundary of Pennsylvania; or in a second tract of a million of acres, bounded east, by the 7th range of the said townships, south by the lands of

Cutler and Sargent; north, by an extension of the northern boundary of the said townships; and going towards the west so far as to include the above quantity, or, lastly, in a third tract of country; beginning at the mouth of the Ohio, and running up the Mississippi to the river Au Vase, thence up the same till it meets a well line from the mouth of the Little Wabash; thence along that line to the Great Wabash; thence down the same, and the Ohio, to the beginning. The sum total of the said military claims is 1,851,800 acres.
2. Those of the individuals who made purchase of land at New-York, within the said seven ranges of townships, according to the resolutions of Congress of April 21, 1787, and the supplementary ordinance of July 9, 1788, which claims amount to 150,896 acres.
3. The purchase of one million and a half acres of land by Cutler and Sargent, on behalf of certain individuals, associated under the name of the Ohio Company. This begins where the Ohio is intersected by the western boundary of the 7th range of townships, and runs due north on that boundary 1306 chains and 25 links; thence due west to the western boundary of the 17th range of townships; thence due south to the Ohio, and up that river to the beginning; the whole area containing 1,857,600 acres of land, whereof 281,600 acres, consisting of various lots and townships, are reserved to the United States.
4. The purchase by the same Cutler and Sargent on behalf also of themselves and others. This begins at the north-eastern angle of the tract of their purchase before described, and runs due north to the northern boundary of the 10th township from the Ohio; thence due west, to the 10th; thence down the same, and up the Ohio to the south-western angle of the said purchase before described, and along the western and northern boundaries thereof to the beginning; the whole area containing 4,904,880 acres of land, out of which, however, five lots, to wit, Nos. 8, 11, 16, 26, and 29 of every township, of six miles square, are retained by the United States, and out of the whole are retained the three townships of Gnadenhutten, Schoenbrun, and Salem; and certain lands around them, as will be hereafter mentioned.
5. The purchase of John Cleves Symmes, bounded on the west by the Great Miami; on the south by the Ohio; on the east by a line which is to begin on the bank of the Ohio, 20 miles from the mouth of the Great Miami, as measured along the several courses of the Ohio, and to run parallel with the general course of the said Great Miami; and on the north by an east and west line, so far as to include a million of acres in the whole area, whereof five lots, numbered as before mentioned, are reserved out of every township by the United States.
It is suggested that this purchaser, under colour of a first and larger proposition to the board of Treasury, which was never closed, (but pending that proposition) sold sundry parcels of land, between his eastern boundary before mentioned, and the Little Miami; and that the purchasers have settled thereon. If these suggestions prove true, the settlers will, perhaps, be thought to merit the favor of the legislature, as purchasers for valuable consideration, and without notice of the defect of title.
The contracts for lands, which were at one time under consideration with Messrs. Flint and Parker, and with Colonel Morgan, were never so far prosecuted as to bring either party under any obligation. All proceedings thereon were discontinued at a very early stage, and it is supposed that no further views exist with any party. These, therefore, are not to be enumerated among existing claims.
6. Three townships were reserved by the ordinance of May 20, 1785, adjacent to Lake Erie, for refugees from Canada and Nova Scotia, and for other purposes, according to resolutions of Congress, made or to be made on that subject. These would of course contain 61,120 acres.
7. The same ordinance of May 20th, 1785, appropriated the three towns of Gnadenhutten, Schoenbrun, and Salem, on the Muskingum, for the christian Indians formerly settled there, or the remains of that society, with the grounds round about them, and the quantity of the said circumjacent grounds, for each of the said towns, was determined by the resolution of Congress of September 23, 1788, to be so much as, with the plat of its respective town, should make up 4000 acres; so that the three towns and their circumjacent lands were to amount to 12,000 acres. This reservation was accordingly made out of the larger purchase of Cutler and Sargent, which comprehended them. The Indians, however, for whom the reservation was made, have chosen to emigrate beyond the limits of the United States, so that the lands reserved for them, still remain to the United States.
On the whole, it appears that the United States may rightfully dispose of all the lands between the Wabash, the Ohio, Pennsylvania, the forty-fifth parallel of latitude, and the indian lines described in the treaties of the Great Miami, and Fort M'Intosh, with exceptions only of the rights saved by the deed of cession of Virginia, and of all rights legally derived from the government of the United States, and supposing the part south of the indian lines, to contain as before conjectured about 35 millions of acres, and that the claims of citizens before enumerated may amount to between thirteen and fourteen millions there remain at the disposal of the United States upwards of twenty-one millions of acres, in this north-western quarter.
And though the want of actual surveys of some parts, and of a general delineation of the whole on paper, so as to exhibit to the eye the locations, forms, and relative positions of the rights before described, may prevent our forming a well defined idea of them at this distance, yet, on the spot these difficulties exist but in a small degree. The individuals there employed in the details of buying, selling, and locating, possess local informations of the parts which concern them, so as
to be able to keep clear of each others rights; or, if in some instances a conflict of claims should arise, from any want of certainty in their definition, a local judge will doubtless be provided to decide them without delay, at least provisionally. Time, instead of clearing up these incertainties, will cloud them the more, by the death or removal of witnesses, the disappearance of lines and marks, change of parties, and other casualties.
TH. JEFFERSON, Sec'y of State. Nov. 8, 1791.
PHILADELPHIA, NOVEMBER 14.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES.
THURSDAY, Nov. 10.
A bill for renewing lost or destroyed certificates, was read a second time, and ordered to be committed to a committee of the whole house to-morrow.
Petitions were read from John Hepner, Thomas Jenney, Andrew Dover, Elijah Knapp, Joseph Nash, Abraham Pyke, Matthias Sadler, and John Tozer, respectively praying compensation for wounds, &c. received in the army of the United States during the late war—referred to the secretary at war.
A message from the President of the United States was received by Mr. Secretary Lear, as follows. [See first page.]
The report of the Secretary of State being read, was referred to the committee appointed to prepare and bring in a bill or bills to establish offices for the purpose of granting lands within the territories of the United States.
Upon motion of Mr. Parker, it was ordered, that the Secretary of the Treasury report to the House the amount of the exports from the several districts within the United States, respectively; also, of duties arising on imports and tonnage, from the 29th of September 1790, to Sept. 30th 1791.
Pursuant to the order of the day, the House again resolved itself into a committee of the whole on the schedule of enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States—Mr. Muhlenberg in the chair.
Proposition before the committee, that until the next enumeration, the ratio of representation shall be of one member for every thirty thousand inhabitants.—The immediate motion and amendment before the committee, to strike out "thirty thousand"—
The motion and amendment being called up—
Mr. GERRY gave his opinion against striking out, and thought the sentiments of the great body of the people ought to be well known previous to the adoption of the amendment. When the constitution was adopted, five states were in favor of the ratio last mentioned, until the representation should be increased to two hundred; several other states had signified their opinion that the number proposed in the constitution was too small to secure the liberties of America.—The American government being by representation, he observed, that the House of Representatives was the only part of that government upon which the people had an immediate check: the less, therefore, the number consisted of, the less efficient would be the control of the people over them—The increase of expence had been matter of complaint to some, but in future, he apprehended, the time spent in the sessions would rarely or never exceed four months in the year, which would restrict the expence of an increased representation within very moderate bounds. The citizens of the United States had expected the present would be the ratio adopted, and although the House was not positively bound by the constitution to give one member for every thirty thousand, yet it was expected this would be agreed to; and that fixing a representation of one to forty thousand, would be considered rather an unwarrantable stretch of power. He observed that eight states had already adopted the first article of the proposed amendments to the constitution, and should they make any alterations from the present ratio, they might, in consequence of the ratification of said amendments by a sufficient number of states, be obliged to repeal the act before the close of the present session. When, upon the ratio already settled, the representation
amounts to one hundred, Congress will have an undoubted right to fix it there, until they shall establish some ratio, by which the representation and population shall keep pace with each other, till the number of representatives in Congress amounts to two hundred.
Mr. BOUDINOT was for striking out "thirty thousand." The increase of representation, he observed, would otherwise become so great in a short time as to impede the progress of business in the House. He had calculated, that the ratio of thirty thousand would produce 113 members; thirty-five thousand would give 97; and forty thousand would produce 81. This last number would be tolerable, if not exceeded; which, however, must inevitably be the case, on taking the next census. The increase of expence with an increased representation was, in his view, a serious object—if the number of representatives was doubled, the expence would be prodigious, as not only the amount of actual compensation must be doubled, but double the time would be necessary to do the public business, as every member had an equal right to deliver his sentiments, and by this means protract the sessions to an unreasonable length. He did not see that the liberties of the people required an immense representation, the power vested in Congress being not proportionate to their number. Thirty-five thousand, he thought, would be the most eligible ratio, which would fix the number at ninety-seven.
Mr. CLARKE was against an increased representation, as amongst many other ill consequences, it would increase the number of public offices. The present ratio he thought sufficiently favorable to the liberties of the people, especially when it was considered that the doors of the house were open to the public.
Mr. STEELE feared too numerous a representation at one to thirty thousand. At the same time the fractional numbers incident to the ratio of one to 40,000 would leave 369,000 people unrepresented. Thirty-five thousand he thought the number at present least liable to objections, but that if the real voice of the country could be obtained, he believed that even 50,000 would not be too high a ratio. He dreaded too numerous an assembly, as in that case their deliberations would generally be confused and tumultuous, which never fails to detract from the respectability of any government. With respect to the proposed constitutional amendments, he observed they had not been adopted by three-fourths of the states, and from thence concluded they would be finally rejected. Mr. Steele finished his observations by declaring that, as circumstances flood, he would vote for thirty-five thousand.
Several other gentlemen having spoke on this subject, the committee rose, when the House resolved, that, in committee of the whole, it will again take the schedule of enumeration into consideration to-morrow.
It was then ordered, upon motion of Mr. White, that a committee be appointed to prepare and bring in a bill providing for the settlement of the claims of persons under particular circumstances, barred by the limitations heretofore established.
Adjourned till to-morrow.
FRIDAY, Nov. 11. Mr. John W. Kittera, from Pennsylvania, appeared and took his seat in the House.
The most important business of the House being in the hands of committees, a motion was made for postponing the orders of the day till Monday next. Adjourned.
SECOND CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES.
At the first Session, begun and held at the city of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, on Monday the twenty-fourth of October, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one.
An ACT granting farther time for making return of the Enumeration of the Inhabitants, in the District of South-Carolina.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That it shall be lawful for the marshal of the district of South-Carolina to
complete and make return of the enumeration of the inhabitants of the said district, to the President of the United States, in the form and manner prescribed by the act, intitled, "An act providing for the enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States," at any time on or before the first day of March next, any thing in the said act to the contrary notwithstanding.
JONATHAN TRUMBULL, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
JOHN ADAMS, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate.
Approved, November the eighth, 1791.
G. WASHINGTON, President of the United States.
The first number of ARATUS appeared in the American Daily Advertiser of Wednesday last—It is now reprinted, at the request of the author, in the National Gazette; and future numbers shall be regularly continued.
FOR THE NATIONAL GAZETTE.
ARATUS. NUMBER I.
THE effort of the people of France to emancipate themselves from a tyranny rigorous and of long duration, has not been the productive source of controversy to the European world only. The flame it excited there, has been communicated like an electric shock across the Atlantic, nor has the distance nor the element through which it passed been able to mitigate its fury. The discussion which was commenced on that subject in a neighboring monarchy, by two men of eminence on the political theatre, we have seen revived here with equal ardour, and extended with wonderful rapidity by different directions to all parts of the United States.
The effect which this event produced in the other hemisphere, if it had not been too well authenticated to leave a doubt behind, would otherwise have exceeded the bounds of credibility. It appears to have given the alarm to the oldest and most firmly established monarchies; and even those, which but a few years past, would have bade defiance to the veteran armies of that gallant nation, seem now to tremble for their safety. As if some contagious malady were to be caught from the intercourse, all communication is inhibited, where it can be accomplished, between their subjects respectively, and those of that republic. The king of Spain, we are told, has lined his frontier with horsemen, who incessantly patrol, for that purpose, from one extremity of his kingdom to the other.—The kings of England, Naples, Prussia, and even the pacific Leopold, are disquieted—and the Pope is said to dread more the introduction of an accurate account of their operations among his subjects, than the most blindly credulous and weak, of the European princes, formerly did his bull of excommunication, or other the severest censures of the church.
But the terror which this wonderful working spirit in France created, has not been confined to the ancient hemisphere; A kindred panic has reached America. Great mischief appears to be apprehended from its widely spreading influence among the people; and champions of no common size have arose to combat it, by warning their countrymen of its fatal tendency.
Thus, we behold the operations of the French, which have been confined to their own territory and themselves; —operations too, which have only sought some change in their own government, to make it more instrumental to the general happiness, and founded in the mild and benign spirit of peace, diffusing over the civilized world, among certain ranks of men, a general dismay. The movements of human life in all its various stations, have and forever will be responsive to the same principles. A common danger will unite those whose interests are the same. Princes, and those of royal hopes, whom jealousy, pride, and ambition, would otherwise have arranged in opposition to each other, when the ground of their respective elevations is questioned, cease to be enemies. And as they possess the power, and no person will doubt their inclination to exert it, either to preserve or acquire, those upon whom the intolerant yoke has been pla-

red, or who wish to ward it off, should be the more vigilant in their behalf.
In tracing on the faithful page of history, the deplorable condition into which that unfortunate, but accomplished and gallant nation was plunged several centuries past, and the afflictions which have unceasingly harassed them since under the scourge of a rigorous despotism, the tear of sympathy will not fall from the eye of the philanthropist alone. If we extend our observation to the revolution which has been lately achieved, and contemplate its happy effects on the present age, as well as those which lie in store for posterity, the change must be considered an important one indeed. The day on which the tyranny fell, and the rights of nature long suppressed and violated; the day on which the King, his ministers, and the proudest nobles of his court, in common with the humblest peasant in the field, bowed under the authority of the law, was an happy one for France. When the latter, standing alone, and unsupported by the patronage of friends, might with safety say to the former "whilst I fulfil my moral obligations, and discharge my duty to the state, I fear you not; those passions heretofore more fierce and terrible, than the severest blasts of Heaven, and which of late would have struck me from existence, for a less offence, have now a barrier formed against them, which will baffle their force: the sentence of my peers must pass upon me, before I can be injured." This indeed was an important and a happy day, not for the people of France only, but for all mankind.
If we look into the interior of the surrounding monarchies, the most frightful picture presents itself to view. There despotism still reigns with unabated vigour. It has deprived man of his natural and civil rights, and left him naked and exposed to the blow, whenever malice or the unprovoked revenge of those in power choose to inflict it. It has made that balm of comfort, which was kindly interwoven in the frame of his being, by the Author of his Existence, the source of his oppression. It has raised upon his religious faith, upon his belief in Heaven and a future state (a consolation which no earthly tribunal can give or take away) a long train of hierarchical establishments, which serve only to add to the power and the splendour of the court. Preying in short, in every respect, on the best interests of man, it has done every thing but exterminate him.
To those who are placed at the head of nations, in this situation, who have every thing to hope from its continuance, and a long account to render for past enormities, if they should ever be called to account, any change that may possibly tend to disturb their security, must be alarming. That they should discountenance the revolution in France, misrepresent the mild and lenient measures which led to it, traduce and vilify the characters of those illustrious patriots who have been the principal means of its accomplishment, and, in fine, wish to throw a veil over their whole proceedings, cannot be matter of surprize. The light of truth and of reason must not penetrate through the dreary gloom, which despotism has created, and now forms its only support, or its millions are undone.
But the principle upon which the French revolution was founded, is not a novel one here. Whoever appeals to those solemn acts, which justified us to the impartial world, in taking up arms against Great-Britain, and dismembering ourselves from that monarchy, if he views them through an unbiased medium, must recognize it there. In America, indeed, the tyranny was in embryo only, and at a distance—and yet we conceived ourselves authorised, to apply timely force to prevent its establishment. In France it was at the height, and at home, and they suppressed it. In both instances, the power which belonged to the body of the people, and which had been, or was about to be wrested from them, was resumed. It now rests where it should be, in possession of the rightful proprietors, and will be exercised for their advantage. Whoever owns the principles of one revolution, must cherish those of the other; and the person who draws a distinction between them, is either blinded by prejudice, or boldly denies what at the bar of reason,
he cannot refute. To the people of France it must be matter of astonishment, that a contrary sentiment can exist here; and those patriots who fought and bled in our service, and who bear such honorable testimonials of their noble and brilliant exertions in the holy cause of freedom, on this side of the Atlantic, although surrounding nations should now reprobate their conduct, must calculate with certainty upon our countenance and support.
ARATUS.
ELIZABETH-TOWN, Nov. 9.
We hear from Trenton, that a petition has been presented to the legislature, by the subscribers to the National Manufactory, for a charter of incorporation for the jurisdiction of territory not exceeding 6 miles square; with the privilege of making bye-laws; they also ask an exemption from taxing the stock of the subscribers, and a lottery for three years.
We likewise hear that the Secretary of the Treasury, Col. Hamilton, was to have been with the legislature last Thursday to elucidate any thing that may appear abstruse, and obviate seeming difficulties, in establishing the National Manufactory.
BURLINGTON, Nov. 8.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Port-au-Prince, to his friend in this city, dated Oct. 13.
"Though you have certainly heard of the insurrections in the environs of this city, all that has been said can hardly describe the horrid depredations they have committed. The loss occasioned thereby is computed at upwards of 20 millions sterling, and their progress is far from being stopped. Our army has had several engagements with them, and has taken a number of their men, with several field-pieces. You will perhaps be surprised to hear that the Negroes are well supplied with fire-arms and ammunition, till you are informed that every plantation had a number of fire-arms for their own defence, with powder in large parcels which were made use of occasionally to blow up rocks, &c. These they made themselves masters of. Many of the planters were murdered; and those who made their escape, were obliged to fly with the greatest precipitation. The greatest part of the inhabitants were obliged to be on guard two hours every night in the city, and every man to stay two days in the week at the camp. It is supposed that one hundred thousand Negroes have revolted in the island."
PHILADELPHIA, NOVEMBER 14.
On Friday last Mr. HAMMOND, lately arrived in this city from London, was presented to the President of the United States, as Plenipotentiary from the court of Great-Britain.
Col. HENRY LEE is elected Governor of Virginia by the Legislature of that state. The votes were for Col. Lee—87; Mr. Harvey—50; Gen. Wood—20.
On Thursday last arrived here the brig Theodosia, Capt. Lake, from Cape Francois, after a passage of eighteen days. When Capt. Lake left the Cape, nothing particular had occurred respecting the negroes in that quarter, who remained in nearly the same situation as at the date of our former advices. The day before Capt. Lake failed, a frigate with a number of troops left the Cape to attack a large body of negroes at Port Mago.
Some accounts are also said to have been received by the same vessel, purporting that the mulattoes in the neighborhood of Port au Prince had revolted; and that 1500 of them had taken possession of Leogane, with an intent to attack Port au Prince. Twenty thousand negroes, in that part of the island are also said to have revolted; who are encamped in a plain, not far from Port au Prince. Relief was looked for from Europe the latter end of November, but till that should arrive it was not expected that any general check could be given to the spirit of the revolt; which appears the more probable as the negroes in French Hispaniola are in proportion to the whites as 100 to one.
The salary of the President of the National Bank is not fixed at 3,000 dollars, as mentioned in one of our preceding papers: the Stockholders at a general meeting alone having that power.
ORDINANCE AND BYE-LAWS for the Regulation of the BANK of the UNITED STATES.
At a general meeting of the STOCKHOLDERS of the BANK of the UNITED STATES, held at the City-Hall in Philadelphia, on Monday evening, October 31, 1791, agreeably to adjournment—
MR. BINGHAM, from the Committee appointed at the last meeting to report such Bye-Laws, Ordinances, and Regulations, as shall seem necessary and convenient for the Government of the Corporation, made report—and the same being taken into consideration, after debate, the Stockholders agreed to the following Ordinance:
SECTION I.
THE Charter of Incorporation granted to the Bank of the United States, amongst other rights, privileges and abilities therein conveyed, having empowered the Stockholders at general meetings, legally convened, to make, ordain, establish and put in execution, such Bye-Laws, Ordinances and Regulations, as shall seem necessary and convenient for the government of the said Corporation: Be it ordained, by the President, Directors and Company of the Bank of the United States,
SECTION II.
That the Bank shall be open for the transaction of business, every day in the year (Sundays, Christmas-day, and the fourth of July, excepted) during such hours as the Board of Directors shall deem advisable.
SECTION III.
That the books and accounts of the Bank shall be kept in Dollars and Cents, and shall be regularly balanced on the first Mondays in January and July, in each year, when the half-yearly Dividends shall be declared and published in at least four of the public newspapers.
SECTION IV.
That the Bank shall take charge of the Cash of all those who choose to place it there (free of expense) and shall keep it subject to their order, payable at sight; and shall receive deposits of ingots of gold, bars of silver, wrought plate, or other valuable articles of small bulk, in the same manner, and return them on demand of the depositor.
SECTION V.
That the Bank shall receive all specie coins, according to the rates and value that have been or shall hereafter be established by Congress.
SECTION VI.
That until offices of discount and deposit shall be established, there shall be at least two discount days in every week, when meetings of the Board of Directors shall be assembled. Discounts shall be made at a rate not exceeding Six per Cent. per annum, on Notes or Bills of Exchange that have not more than sixty days to run, and with at least two responsible names, and under such modifications, as the Board of Directors, in their discretion, shall deem satisfactory and expedient.
SECTION VII.
That the President shall have power to convene the Directors on special occasions, and with the approbation of the Board of Directors, to affix the seal of the Corporation to all conveyances or other instruments, and sign the same in behalf of the Corporation; the said seal shall always remain in the custody and safe keeping of the President.
SECTION VIII.
That a Committee of the Board, consisting of at least three members to be elected monthly by ballot, shall visit the vaults, in which the cash and other effects shall be deposited, at least once in every month, and make an inventory of the same, to be compared with the books, in order to ascertain whether they perfectly agree therewith.
SECTION IX.
That no notes of the Bank shall be struck or signed, or Bank Paper made, but by direction of the Board.
SECTION X.
That in case the Board of Directors shall at any time make a Dividend exceeding the profits of the Bank, and thereby diminish the capital Stock, the Members assenting thereto, shall be liable in their several individual capacities for the amount of the surplus so divided.
SECTION XI.
That the Board of Directors shall, previous to the first day of December in every year, call a general Meeting of the Stockholders, to be assembled within three days after each annual election.
SECTION XII.
That the Board of Directors are hereby empowered to demand and receive from the Commissioners appointed to superintend the subscriptions to the capital Stock of the Bank, all Monies which have been paid to the said Commissioners on account of the first specie payment, together with the original Book of subscription.
SECTION XIII.
That the Board of Directors are hereby authorized to ascertain and determine in what manner the remaining portions of the capital Stock, due on the share subscribed, consisting of specie and public Debt, shall be paid and received, and they are hereby further authorised and empowered to receive into their possession the Certificates of said public Debt, and demand and receive by their President, or in such other manner as they shall think proper, the interest that shall accrue and become due upon the same, and to give receipts therefor in behalf of the said Corporation.
SECTION XIV.
That the Board of Directors are hereby authorized and empowered to fix and establish requisite, safe and convenient forms for transferring Bank Stock; for receiving half yearly dividends; for conveying a right to Proxies to represent Stockholders at any general Meeting after the second Monday of January next; for the Certificates of capital Stock of the Bank; for the circulating and post Notes of the Bank; and for the oath or affirmation of the Officers of the Bank, previous to their entering on the execution of their respective duties.
SECTION XV.
That the Board of Directors are hereby authorized and empowered to establish a common
seal, with suitable devices; to ascertain and mark out the various duties and employments of the Officers, Clerks and Servants of the Bank, and to direct them accordingly; as well as to determine the amount of Securities they shall respectively give for the faithful discharge of their duties: to assign to the President such additional functions, as are not already designated by law; and to re-issue or renew at their discretion the Notes in circulation.
SECTION XVI.
That the directors shall have power to make loans to the government of the United States, or of any State, to such extent and on such terms as they shall deem expedient, not contrary to law; provided that a Board consisting of not less than a majority of the whole number of Directors, shall be necessary to decide in all such cases.
SECTION XVII.
That the Board of Directors are hereby authorized to lease or hire for a term not exceeding two years, such suitable buildings as the administration of the affairs of the Bank may require.
SECTION XVIII.
That in case it shall happen that an election of Directors shall not be made at a meeting of the Stockholders for that purpose on the first Monday of January next, and on said day in each succeeding year, it shall be lawful for the Stockholders to adjourn said meeting to any future day within five days from said first Monday of January, and at said adjournment to make, complete and finish said election.
SECTION XIX.
That the Board of Directors are hereby empowered to form and establish all other Rules and Regulations that they may deem necessary for the interior management of the Bank.
On motion, Resolved, That it be the sense of the Stockholders of the Bank of the United States, that the President and Directors, should turn their immediate attention to the establishment of Offices of Discount and Deposit at such places in the United States as the interest and safety of the institution will admit.
Attest,
EDWARD FOX, Sec'y.
PRICE OF STOCKS.
   Funded Debt.     Six per cents, - - - 22 1/2 to 22 3/4   Three per cents, - - - 12 9/10   Deferred six per cents, - - - 13 3/4   Unfunded Debt.   Final settlements and other certificates, - - - 19 3/4   Indents, - - - 11 7/8   Bank subscription, - - - 14 1/2  
FOR THE NATIONAL GAZETTE. ON THE SLEEP OF PLANTS.
(A curious new discovery.)
WHEN suns are set, and stars in view, Not only man to slumber yields; But nature grants this blessing too, To yonder plants in yonder fields.  The summer heats and lengthening days (To them the same as toil and care) Thrice welcome make the evening breeze, That kindly does their strength repair.  At early dawn, each plant survey, And see, reviv'd by nature's hand, With youthful vigor, fresh and gay, Their blossoms blow, their leaves expand.  Yon' garden plant, with weeds o'er-run, Not void of thought perceives its hour, And, watchful of the parting sun, Throughout the night conceals her flower.  Like us, the slave of cold and heat, She too enjoys her little span, With REASON something less complete Than that which makes the boast of man.  Thus, moulded from one common clay, A varied life adorns the plain; By nature subject to decay, By nature meant to bloom again!
GEORGE MEADE HAS FOR SALE,
At his Stores on WALNUT-STREET WHARF,  A FEW pipes of 3 and 4 years old bills of exchange Madeira WINE, which he will dispose of by the pipe, hogshead or quarter cask. London market Madeira WINE, 5 and 6 years old.  Old Sherry WINE of the first quality, by the hogshead or quarter cask.  Three and 4 years old Lisbon WINE, of a superior quality to what is generally imported, by the pipe, quarter cask, or larger quantity.  Choice old Coniac BRANDY, by the pipe, tierce, or larger quantity.  A few quarter chests of first quality Hysan TEA. He has just received by the Pigeon, Lexie, master, from London, a few quarter chests of old Madeira WINE—And  By the brig Mercury, capt. Stevens, from Dublin, a few boxes of Irish LINENS, low priced and well assorted: a few bales of Red and White FLANNELS, and some GLUE.  A few boxes of Spermaceti CANDLES of the first quality, and Burlington PORK of prime quality.  He has also to dispose of a quantity of dressed White Oak STAVES.  He means to keep a constant supply of First Quality Madeira and Lisbon WINES, and whenever is pleased to favor him with their custom, may be assured of being well served.  He will through the Winter and Spring, buy undressed HANDSPIKES. He is purchasing FLAXSEED and BEES WAX, and will give the highest Price for them.  N. B. A few Hamps of excellent London PORTER and Taunton ALE, just received and to be disposed of.

A MISTAKE RECTIFIED.
By SINBAT, the Sailor.
YOUR men of the land, from the King to Jack Ketch, All join in supposing the sailor a wretch;
Not a tree, but his top-mast to yield him a shade! Then add to the list of a mariner's evils,
Thus argue the landmen: but SINBAT well knows Things are not so bad as these lubbers suppose.
Yes—give me a vessel well timber'd and sound, Her bottom well plank'd, and in rigging well found,
You'll say, it's a prison, (by way of abusing) But, if it's a prison—'tis of my own choosing—
Philadelphia, Oct. 12. * The seafaring term for very old, or lean beef. † Frederick 2d.
BOSTON. Nov. 2.
GOOD NEWS!—IF TRUE.
[*] The editor feels some reluctance in communicating the following, lest it should not be authentic. He received it from a gentleman of this town, who received it from a gentleman at Halifax.
Extract of a letter from Halifax, Sept. 24. "A new act of parliament has lately passed, which the collector is possessed of, which admits of a free intercourse in American bottoms with all the British West-India Islands—and the collector says he is also advised, the same privileges are to be permitted the Americans here."
By the arrival of the brig Union, Capt. Atkins, in 49 days from Cadiz, we have received information of war having been declared by the Spaniards against the Moors.
The several American vessels seized in Liverpool, had received their trials, and were cleared.
Capt. Bickford arrived at Salem the 29th ult. from Cape-Francois, which place he left the 2d. reports that 2000 Spaniards had joined the black army, with an intent undoubtedly to add to their's that part of the island of St. Domingo now possessed by the French.
Official Accounts from France.
Since our last, Captain Mongo Mac-kay, jun. in the Brig Mermaid, arrived in this port from Havre de Grace, in France, which place he left the 10th of September. Among the passengers is Captain S. Dunn, of this town, together with Messrs. Parrman, Coolidge and Mackay, sons of some of our most respectable citizens, who have resided some years at an academy in France, and appear by their manners, information, and understanding, to do ample justice to the persons who have had the charge of their education in that polite and enlightened country. Capt. Dunn
and these gentlemen, have travelled through the greater part of France, and have had the best opportunities of procuring, as well from their own particular observation, as the conversation of others, the most authentic information of the present state of that kingdom.
By their accounts, the King had not signed the Constitution—though it was universally believed he would soon meet the wishes of his fellow-citizens, by giving his final sanction to this celebrated instrument. It was supposed by many, that he would make no essential objections; but give it his full approbation, with the reserved right of pardon in cases of treason or rebellion, to secure the friends of the monarchy, in its old form, from the evils and penalties to which they might otherwise be exposed.
The depreciation of the assignats, has been occasioned in a great measure, as those gentlemen report, by the want of a small paper currency, to supply the wants of the people. But that precautions were taken to remedy this inconvenience, by emitting small bills, on private credit, which, as far as the experiment had been made, proved successful.
It seems that the fears of a counter-revolution from any real or supposed defects in the constitution, had entirely vanished: as the astonishing and almost unexampled unanimity which prevails, precludes even the hopes of the malcontents, from this quarter. There is nothing therefore, to resort to, but the interference of foreign nations, and the Germans in an especial manner, to support the expiring dreams of the aristocracy, at this event. But the German frontier is firmly guarded by an immense army sustained by the active zeal and courage of their associates, which prevents the strongest barrier against an invasion.
The French, in fine, have three millions of men at arms—well acquainted, and fully determined to risk all in defence of their freedom. It was reported that dissensions had taken place between the Marquis de Bouillé and Count d'Artois. In consequence of which, the former of these gentlemen had retired to Sweden.
The national assembly had taken the wise precaution to place the heir apparent under the care of M. de la Fayette, lest the future intrigues of the aristocratic party might render it necessary to have recourse to a regency, provided the king should choose to abdicate the kingdom, and thus forfeit all constitutional pretensions to the crown. It was generally imagined that trade and manufactures would revive and flourish, as soon as the government was established, by the signing of the Constitution. The elections had gone in favor of the revolutionists, and had succeeded with the least possible disturbance.
On the whole, the present state of France was quiet, and the prospect of futurity, brilliant and flattering in a high degree.
It is with peculiar pleasure that the editor can give the public the present account, which from the known credibility of the authors of it, appears incontrovertible.
From the GEORGIA GAZETTE, Oct. 13.
The light-house on Tybee-Island will hereafter be regularly lighted, and the following directions are given for sailing in, over the bar:
Bring the light-house to bear west, or not more than W. 1-2 S. or W. 1-2 N. and calculate the tide, at half past seven, at full and change, of the moon, to be full sea. If little wind, in standing in, allow for the tide. The ebb setting to the southward, over the south breakers, you must steer W.N.W. As soon as you hoal your water, haul up more to the northward; then you must steer W.S.W. with light winds. When you get the light-house to bear from S.E. to S. you may bring up from three and a half to five fathoms at low water, muddy bottom, being within 1 1-2 cables length of the
shore. There you may lie safe with any but an easterly wind. When you get on the bar you will have 18 feet at low water, with a hard bottom; at high water, from three and a half to four fathoms. After having passed the bar, you will have a soft bottom. The distance from three fathoms water, coming over the bar, until the water deepens, is half a mile. The width of the channel, from breaker-head to breaker-head, is half a mile. Observe when you find you get either to the southward or to the northward of the foregoing directions, and have no wind, let go your anchor.
PITTSBURGH, Oct. 29.
Saturday last, the 22d inst. General Harmer arrived at this place with his lady and suite.—On his debarking, (having come up the river in his barge) he was received by a train of artillery, with a discharge of sixteen rounds. This compliment was intended the General, not merely as a matter of form on the reception of an officer of his rank, but as particularly expressive of the sense which the inhabitants of this place entertain of his personal good qualities, and his conduct while at the head of the troops to the westward.
Our accounts from Fort Washington are, that the army had advanced about 20 days ago, 20 miles and had built a fort; by this time they are at the Miami towns, where head quarters will remain some time.
CHAMBERSBURG, Nov. 3.
By a gentleman from the western country, the following is related, which may be depended on: "That on the first of September, one man was killed by the Indians at the new settlement of Belle-prix; and four men and a boy who were driving cattle from Clarkburgh to Mufkingum, shared the same fate."
We are also informed, that on Friday the 21st of October, two men were killed and scalped by the Indians, on the waters of the Kiskaminitas, about twenty miles from Greensburg, in this state.
SHEPHERD'S-TOWN, Oct. 31.
An officer of the Western army has received authentic accounts from Post St. Vincent, stating, that a large number of Indians have assembled at the Maume towns—that they drew provisions, &c. at the British post of Detroit, and that every encouragement was held out to the Canadians to join the savages against us.—That the enemy are numerous, but as we are and shall continue to be, prepared for the expected interview, of course nothing will be left undone to keep up the spirit of the army. Numbers of our men have deserted, previous to our arrival—a great number are now under guard—and court-martials sit daily on the trials of officers arrested, and offences of soldiers—many of the latter for crimes capital. The Indians have lately done little more than stealing a few horses, and have failed in several attempts to kill or take several of our small parties.
Extract of a letter from an officer in the western army, to a gentleman in this town, dated Camp, Great Miami, Sept. 19.
"Since I wrote you per Col. McMullen, dated at Bourbon county, Aug. 29, nothing remarkable has occurred; but I suppose you are anxious to know our proceedings, I shall therefore write you as often as opportunity serves. On my way from Kentucky, I came by fort Washington, where I arrived the 7th instant—found Col. Dark, who then had the command of the whole army, (General St. Clair being absent in Kentucky) and had begun his march, and proceeded nine miles on his way for this place; I overtook them the 8th, when the whole army, including non-commissioned officers and soldiers, effectives, amounted as follows: 1st United States regiment, 304; 2d United States regiment, 39; Rhea's battallion from Carolina, 85; Gathers's from Maryland, 182; Patterson's from Jersey, 155; and the Virginia battallion 275; total, 1019 effectives non-commissioned officers and soldiers; exclusive of which there were left at head quarters about 70, as a garrison. We continued our march on the morning of the 10th, and arrived here on the evening of the same day, where we have continued since, and where, besides our guards, which must be numerous, to secure our horses, cattle, &c. we send a daily fatigue of upwards of 200 men,
who are engaged in erecting a fort on the bank of the Great Miami, in the direction of N. 17 deg. W. 23. miles from fort Washington.
"We have with us seven pieces of brass cannon, part of which will be left at this post, to guard the passage of the river. We shall continue to erect forts until the Kentucky militia arrive, amounting to 1100 men (who will remain but a short time in service.)
"Yesterday arrived a reinforcement of upwards of 300 men, consisting of the greatest part of the 2d United States regiment, under the command of major Hart; also, two battalions of levies, under the command of colonel Gibson. The whole number of the army about 1700—and the Kentucky militia, and they will make near 3000—a force by no means equal to our former expectations."
CHARLES BITTERS,
No. 120,
South Market, near Fourth Street,
Has received from New-York, and manufactured BY LOT MERKEL,
A large and General Assortment of Muffs & Tippets, Trimmings & Edgings,
Great Coats, Caps, Mitts & gloves lined with Fur; which he will sell, Wholesale and Retail, at the lowest Prices.
Oct. 4.
1awtf
ROBERT SMOCK,
Woolen Draper & Mercer,
Has just received by the ship Pigeon, from London, and for sale at his store, on the north-east corner of Market & Third Streets, Philadelphia,
AN ELEGANT ASSORTMENT OF SUPERFINE and super broadcloths, in almost every colour.
Ladies superfine habit cloths, in the most fashionable colours.
Superfine cassimers, do. do.
Do. and super classic striped cloths.
Milled drabs and hunters cloths.
A variety of fancy wallcoating, in silk, silk and cotton, silk moleskin, cassimers printed and tambooured, and superfine striped Spanish toillnets.
Mens block sattins, fiorentines, and silk prunellas of superior qualities
Silk, silk and cotton, cotton and worsted hose, assorted.
Sattins and mantuas, a beautiful variety.
Superfine ratinees, with a large collection of best trimmings for cloths &c. of every quality.
Moreens, joans spinning, durants and calimancoes.
Hairribes and camblets, &c.
9-8 wide superfine Marceilles quilting with borders.
Marceilles bedquilts and cotton counterpanes, 9-4 to 12-4.
Flanders bedbunts and bedtickings.
A beautiful variety of chinizes and cottons.
An elegant assortment of yard wide furniture chinizes, in beautiful colours and patterns, with a large variety of furniture cottons.
Velveteens, velvets, corourys, thicklets, fancy cords, flockinets, royal ribb, fatinets, hair plushes, &c. &c.
Striped and grey, twilled and plain Bath coatings. Rose blankets assorted. 1awtf
TO BE SOLD, BY
JOHN CAREY,
No. 26, Pear-Street,
A COLLECTION OF
Scarce and Valuable
BOOKS,
Which may be seen every day, until 4 o'clock P.M.
Among them are the following: Folio. Homer, Xenophon, Plato, Plutarch, Eusebius, Sozomen, Theodoret, Virgil, Horace, Livy, Tacitus, Paterculus, Pliny, Concordantia Lat. Concordantia Gr. Thesaurus Ciceronis, Biblia Junii & Tremellii, Bible de Martin, Welles's Maps, Scapulae—Phavorini—Martini—Hoffmanni Lexica, Vossii Etymologicon, Antiquit. Eccles. Britannica, &c.
Quarto. Pindar, Cyropaedia, Bentley's Horace, Terence and Pindar, Ovid, Juvenal, Manilius, Ciceronis op. om. Cæsar, Suetonius, Julius Pollux, Hederici Lexicon, Vossii Ars Gram. Cluverii Geographia, Justinian Code, &c.
Octavo et infra. Homer, Anacreon, Aristophanes, Longinus, Theophrastus, Hesiod, Poëtæ minores Gr. Isocrates, Phalaris, various editions of Horace, Virgil, Terence, and Ovid, Tibullus, Plautus, Lucan, Martial, Claudian, Val. Flaccus, Ausonius, Buchanan, Sallust, Curtius, Florus, Justin, Val. Maximus, A. Gellius Hist. August. Scriptores, English and French Translations of some of the Classics, a great variety of Greek and Latin Grammars, &c. &c.
Catalogues may be had of Messrs. Rice & Co. Booksellers, Market-street, or of
JOHN CAREY.
Oct. 31.
PRINTED BY CHILDS AND SWAIN, AT THEIR OFFICE, NO. 239, HIGH-STREET, NEAR SIXTH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.