The New-York journal, and weekly register (New-York [N.Y.]), 1788-10-23 00:00:00

The New-York Journal, and Weekly Register.
NUMB. 1722, of VOL. XLII.]
THURSDAY, October 23, 1788.
[Total NUMB. 2371.]
HERE TRUTH UNLICENSED REIGNS; AND DARES ACCOST—EVEN KINGS THEMSELVES, OR RULERS OF THE FREE. Thompson's Liberty.
NEW-YORK: Printed and Published by THOMAS GREENLEAF, at the PRINTING-OFFICE, No. 25, WATER-STREET.
Just Published by M. CAREY, At Philadelphia, and to be SOLD By THOMAS ALLEN, Book-Seller, in Queen-Street, New-York (By whom Subscriptions are received) The American Museum, For SEPTEMBER, 1788.
CONTAINING, Miscellaneous.
LETTER from an European traveller in America. Letter on marriage, Letter on education, Letter on politeness, Remarks on dissipation, Addresses to the friends of religion, morality, and useful knowledge, Characteristics of a good assembly-man, Extract from a masonic discourse, Origin of the island of Nantucket, Anecdote of an Indian.
Rural Concerns.
Letters relative to the Hessian fly, Advantage of hearing lambs, Customary method of making pot-ash in New-York, Directions for making cyder.
Law Information.
Statement of an interesting law case, decided in Pennsylvania, Statement of a cause decided in Charleston, Statement of a cause decided in London.
On Spiritous Liquors.
Dialogue between a fword and a hoghead of spirits, Extracts from spiritous liquors, Evil effects of the great consumption of spiritous liquors.
On Militia Laws.
Mischievous effects of militia laws, Further remarks on militia laws, Memorial of the Quakers of Pennsylvania against the militia laws.
Politics.
Observations on the new constitution, Speech of the Hon. Charles Pinckney, Esq., Result of the proceedings of the convention of North-Carolina, Proceedings of the late meeting at Harrisburg, A British prophecy, Remarks on the commerce of Philadelphia.
Revolutional Papers.
Speech of his Excellency Gov. Livingston, in 1777, Gen. Washington's farewell orders to the armies of America, Answer to the above orders, General Washington's final address to Congress, Answer of Congress, Farmer's letters—No. I. The American Crisis—No. II.
Interesting Tables.
Exports from Charleston, of the crops of 1784 and 1785, Enumeration of the vessels wherein were exported the crops of South-Carolina, of 1784, 1785, and 1786, Exports of Georgia, in 1755, 1760, 1765, 1770, and 1772, Value of the exports of Georgia for eighteen years, Number of vessels cleared out of Georgia from 1755 to 1772, Exports from New-York between July 5, 1765, and July 5, 1766, Exports from America to the British West-India islands, Exports from Philadelphia, in 1765, 1771, 1772, 1773, 1784, and 1787, Number of vessels entered at the custom-house, Philadelphia in 1786 and 1787, Number of vessels entered at the custom-house, Boston, Number of taxable inhabitants in Pennsylvania, Number of inhabitants in New-York, American intelligence.
Poetry.
Pindaric ode on friendship, The morning invitation, An eulogy.
Just PUBLISHED, and to be Sold at this OFFICE, No. 25, Water-Street,
The American Calculator, or Counting-House COMPANION, CONTAINING,
A TABLE, ascertaining the value of sundry coins in gold, as regulated by the Chamber of Commerce in this city, and shewing at one view, their value in the several currencies of New-York, North-Carolina, and Great-Britain. A Collection of Tables, shewing, at one view, the amount of any number (under 10,000) of Dollars, French and English Crowns, Half Joes, French and English Guineas, &c. as they pass through the United States. A Table of Guineas, as they pass in England and Ireland. Rules for the ready reducing the currencies of the United-States, from the currency of one state into the currency of any other of the United States; and for reducing the currencies of the United-States into sterling, and sterling into the currencies of the said states. Rules for reducing English Money into Irish, and Irish Money into English, according to the par of exchange between both kingdoms. Five different tables of the coins of the United-States of America, agreeable to a resolve of Congress of the 8th August, 1787, viz: a Table of Half Dollars, a Table of Dimes, a Table of Cents, and a table of Mills; calculated to render familiar the proper mode of counting said Money.
At a Meeting of the Society, for the Relief of Distressed Debtors, held at the House of Mr. John Simmons, the fourth Day of September, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight. [On emergency.]
JONATHAN LAWRENCE, Esquire, President for the Evening.
THE Committee of Visitation reporting, that from the great Number of Persons relieved, the Funds of the Society were totally exhausted. That there were several distressed Debtors in Prison, who had no other Subsistence, but what was derived from this Body; and that without such Aid, they must want the common Necessaries of Life. And the said Committee farther reporting, that it would be necessary for the Society, to procure a quantity of Fire-Wood for the Benefit of the Prisoners the ensuing Winter; and that, were the Means in the Power of the Society, the same might be purchased at present, at a very low Rate: whereupon, on Motion, it is unanimously voted, that the Clergy in this City, be earnestly requested, to preach Charity Sermons in their respective Churches, for promoting the important and benevolent Purposes of the Society. And that Doctor Rogers, Mr. Linn, Mr. Beach, and Dr. Kunze be a Committee for making the necessary Arrangements to carry the same into Effect.
Published by order of the Society. 65—t.f. W. COCK, Secretary.
By Order of the Honorable Paul Micheau, Esq., Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of the County of Richmond and State of New-York:
NOTICE is hereby given to Richard Christopher, of Nova-Scotia, in the province of New-Brunswick, an absent and non resident debtor, and to all others whom it may concern, that upon application and due proof made to the said judge (pursuant to an act of the legislature of the state of New-York, entitled, "An act for relief against absconding and absent debtors," passed the fourth day of April, 1786) by John Christopher, a creditor of the said Richard Christopher, he the said judge has directed all the said Richard Christopher's estate, real and personal, within said county to be seized; and that unless he shall discharge his debts within one year after the publication of this notice, all his estate, real, and personal, will be sold for the payment and satisfaction of his creditors. Dated this 10th day of Sept. 1788. 66—
Line of Eastern Stages.
THE Public are most respectfully informed, That, after great expence and fatigue, the subscriber, and company, have completed the line of STAGES from this city quite through to Boston. The carriages, which were before heavy and uneasy, are now all hung upon coach-springs, and do not fatigue more than a common coach. The carriage from hence to Fairfield, in particular, is a new, well constructed, easy one, which will render the journey pleasurable, instead of a toil as heretofore.
Having thus completed the line, the subscriber will commence on Monday next, the 21st instant, to run the Stages from New-York to Boston, THREE TIMES A WEEK, and continue it until Nov. 1, from which to May 1 twice a week.
The extraordinary cost which he has been at in completing this great work, which he doubts not will be of no small public utility, as well as private advantage and convenience, he hopes will induce many to patronize him. Any business of consequence that may be wished to be transacted between these two capitals, shall be faithfully executed.
The Stages will start from the General Stage Office, in Cortlandt Street, on the Monday, Wednesday and Friday, of every week, at four o'clock, A. M. and will arrive at said place on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, at eight o'clock, P. M. The days and hours of starting and arriving at Hartford and Boston, are the same as at New-York.
The FARE is three-pence lawful money, or four-pence New-York currency, per mile; fourteen pounds of baggage is allowed gratis; one hundred and fifty pounds of baggage pays the same as a passenger, and in that proportion.
The Public's humble servant, LEVI PEASE.
JUST IMPORTED, In the Ship JUNO, from Havre-de-Grace, and ships PHILADELPHIA and GRACE from Amsterdam,
And to be SOLD at the STORE No. 191 Queen-Street, opposite Beckman's-Ship, By DE LUZE DE MONTMOLLIN, and COMPANY,
A general Assortment of DRY GOODS,
Consisting of the following ARTICLES, CHINTZES, Kid Gloves, Callicoes, Ribbons, Lutestrings, Hair Ribbons, Cambricks, Watches, Silk Hose, Umbrellos, &c.
Also, to be sold at the above Store, Handkerchiefs, Perfians, and Sarinets. 4f.
TO BE SOLD, For JERSEY MONEY at full Value, Or exchanged for any Property in New-York, or bartered for West-India or DRY GOODS, At Market Price.
A Valuable FARM,
SITUATE in Woodbridge township, in the county of Essex, New-Jersey, within a quarter of a mile of the main road from Woodbridge to Brunswick, about eight miles distant from the latter, and three and a half from Perth Amboy, consisting of one hundred and seventy acres a third part of which is excellent MEADOW; a sufficiency of fire-wood, with a handsome piece of thrifty young timber.
The plough-land equal to any in that part of the country; the whole under good fence.
On the premises is a good house, kitchen, and barn; and an excellent spring of water near the door; to which is added, fifteen acres, or thereabouts, of salt marsh, on the Rariton, about one mile from the farm.
This place is well known by the name of CLAWSON'S FARM.
For terms of sale enquire of Mr. Joseph Bindon, merchant, New-York, or Benjamin Thompson, near Morris-Town. New-York, Jan. 24, 1788. 99—
Lumber Inspector's Office,
No. 145, Water-Street, Where Shippers of Lumber will please to apply to MICHAEL CONNOLLY, Inspector.
New-York, Oct. 1, 1788. 68 4w.
[Omitted in our last for want of room.]
LEXINGTON (Kentucky) Aug. 24. Extract from the JOURNALS of a CONVENTION held at Danville the 28th day of July, 1788.
RESOLVED, Whereas it appears to the members of this convention, that the United States in Congress assembled, have for the present declined to ratify the compact entered into between the legislature of Virginia and the people of this district, respecting the creation of the district into an independent state; in consequence of which the powers vested in this convention are dissolved, and whatever order or resolution they pass cannot be considered as having any legal force or obligation; but being anxious for the safety and prosperity of ourselves and constituents, do earnestly recommend to the good people inhabiting the several counties within this district, each to elect five representatives on the times of holding their courts in the month of October next, to meet at Danville on the first Monday in November following, to continue in office until the first day of January, 1790, and that they delegate to their said representatives, full powers to take such measures for obtaining admission of the district as a separate and independent member of the United States of America, and the navigation of the river Mississippi, as may appear more conducive to those important purposes; and also to form a constitution of government for the district, and organize the same when they shall judge it necessary, or to do and accomplish whatever on a consideration of the state of the district may in their opinion promote its interests.
Resolved, That the elections directed by the preceding resolution be held at the court-house of each county, and continued from day to day for five days including the first.
Resolved, That the sheriffs within the respective counties of this district be requested to hold the said elections, and make return thereof to the clerk of the supreme court immediately after the same are finished, and also to deliver to each representative so elected a certificate of his election; and in case there should be no sheriff in either of the said counties, or he should refuse to act, that any two acting magistrates then present may superintend and conduct the said elections, and make returns and grant certificates in the same manner as the sheriffs are requested to do.
Resolved, That every free male inhabitant of each county within the said district has a right to vote at the said elections within their respective counties.
Resolved, That a majority of the members so elected be a quorum to proceed to business.
Resolved, That if the said convention should not make a house on the first Monday in November, any three or more members then assembled may adjourn from day to day for five days next ensuing, and if a convention should not then be formed at the end of the fifth day, that they may then adjourn to any day they think proper not exceeding one month.
Resolved, That the sheriff of each county, or the said magistrates as the case may be, read, or caused to be read, the aforesaid resolutions on each day immediately preceding the opening of the said elections.
Ordered, That the president do request the printer of the Kentucky Gazette to publish the proceedings and resolutions of Congress by him laid before the convention, also such of the proceedings of this convention as the president shall think proper, and in particular that the printer continue to publish weekly until the 1st of October next, the recommendation for electing another convention, and the several resolutions relative thereto.
A true copy. THOMAS TODD, C. C.
PHILADELPHIA, October 7.
PERSONALLY appeared before me, Alexander Tod, Esq. one of the justices of the peace for the city and county of Philadelphia, John Beck, mate of the schooner Mary (John Leascraft, late master) and James Simpson a foremast hand on board said schooner, who being duly sworn on the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God, doth depose and say, That they, these deponents, did depart from Washington, in North-Carolina, in said schooner Mary, on the 28th day of June last, for Point Peter, in Guadalupe, and arrived at Point Peter, on Wednesday the 30th day of July; and departed from thence for Philadelphia on Thursday the 4th of September; that during said time, said John Leascraft commanded said schooner, and until the 19th of September last, about nine o'clock in the evening, in lat 38, 21, long. 66, 44, the said Captain Leascraft being standing on the quarter deck, as well as the deponents, he, the said Leascraft, shook hands with the mate, and wished him a good-bye, and wished the hands a good-bye, calling them lads; he then ran forward and went out on the jib-boom-end, and being followed by one of the deponents, the mate, he was persuaded to come in; after his coming in, the said Leascraft mentioned, that he had a prayer-book along with him, which was the cause of his not going over; he then was persuaded to trip and take rest, which he promised he would, and in some measure seemed reconciled; but about half after ten o'clock, on the same night, he threw himself out of the cabin window, the vessel being then under way, at the rate of six knots an hour, and a heavy sea a going; they endeavoured to put her about but could not lay her; in the interim the mate threw out a piece of plank, and hallowing to him, told him there was a plank, and in the mean time wore ship; and the mate and one of the hands went up on the bow-sprit and could not see or hear him, although they kept calling him by name, and hallowing for him, since first attempt to put the ship about. These deponents do further say, that he was perfectly sober for three or four days before he drowned himself, and that he appeared to be as sensible as usual except on the day of this happening; that he mentioned several times the names of his three daughters, who it appears live in New-York; and that on said day he appeared to be a little uneasy, and looking into his trunk, and looking over his books; that he, one of the deponents, John Beck, mate, has taken an inventory of what property he had on board, and put them into his trunk, as per inventory, sworn to, and left in the hands of Flahavan and Willcox, of Philadelphia, for the use of said Capt. Leascraft's family, to be delivered when applied for. And further these deponents sayeth not.
JOHN BECK, JAMES SIMPSON.
Philadelphia city and county, Oct. 4, 1788. Sworn before me, ALEX. TOD. One of the justices.
NEW-YORK, October 16.
Thursday the 6th inst. being the ANNIVERSARY of the Titular Patron of Germany, the SONS of HERMAN met at their Hall in King George Street, preceded by the Hon. Major General Baron Steuben, President of the Society, walked in procession to the Lutheran German Church where a Band of Music entertained a very respectable audience.
The Reverend Mr. Gross in a fervent and animated language, opened the business with a prayer addressed to that benevolent Being who views with approbation even our imperfect attempts for the comfort of distressed mortals. A display both of vocal and instrumental music then succeeded, after which a very elegant Oration, adapted to the occasion, was delivered in the German language by Mr. John Meyer, Vice-President of the Society—And additional piece of Music then regaled the Company, when another discourse on the same subject as the preceding was given by the Rev. Dr. Kunze, very much to the satisfaction of the Hearers. The whole was concluded by a grand chorus replete with the harmony of musical exhibition.
In the afternoon the SONS of HERMAN, accompanied by the Presidents and Vice-Presidents of the several Benevolent National Societies of this City, partook of an elegant tho' frugal entertainment at the City-Tavern, where the following Toasts were drank:
1. The United States of America. 2. Congress. 3. The Federal Constitution of America—may it prove a blessing to the people. 4. The Governor and State of New-York. 5. The Corporation of the City of New-York. 6. General Washington. 7. Our Native Country. 8. May Industry and probity for ever be the Characteristic of the Germans. 9. May Agriculture, Trade and Navigation increase under the New-Government. 10. All Charitable Societies. 11. The fair Sex. 12. The sons of Herman. 13. The Day.
The day was spent with the greatest decorum and social hilarity.
Some Irish Naturalists are endeavouring to prove, that Ireland has been separated from America, by some violent shock of nature. A circumstance they adduce, is, their finding the horns of Moose-Deer, a species peculiar only to America, many of which are dug up in various parts of that kingdom.
Doctor Price says, that the acutest philosopher cannot define the cause, why water runs down hill, while all men new it to be a fact that it does so.

MISCELLANY.
To the PEOPLE OF PENNSYLVANIA.
Friends, Countrymen, and Fellow Citizens,
BRUTUS and his patriotic associates fondly flattered themselves that they had restored and confirmed the public liberties, when they arrested the feigning of despotism from the grasp of Julius Cæsar, by putting him to death; but they were disappointed; the Romans were become incapable of the blessing intended them by this heroic action—that ardent love of country; that magnanimity and disinterested nobleness of spirit which condemns every danger, and forgives every selfish gratification, when placed in competition with the public good; in short, that jealous attention to the common rights of the community and united resistance to the slightest infringement of them, which had formerly actuated and distinguished the Romans, were now no more: personal pursuits, love of ease and servility to the rich and great, had taken the place of republican virtue.
Equally unavailing would be even the successful exertions of the American patriots to frustrate the projects of dominion and empire now pursuing by the Cæsars of this country, if the people possess not public spirit, the only foundation and support of a free government—all the restrictions and barriers, which can be devised for the preservation of liberty, would be but useless forms, without republican virtue in the people.
Viewing my countrymen through the medium of the late glorious assertion of the rights of human nature, I was impressed with a high opinion of their magnanimity and enlightened attachment to liberty, that I felt no uneasiness on account of the precipitate and inconsiderate establishment of the new constitution, being persuaded that, however despotic this system might be in form, the genius of the people would control and qualify its execution; but circumstances have lately occurred which evidence such an astonishing change in the people, as to preface a speedy extinction of all liberty. What I allude is the wound which the personal liberty of every citizen of this commonwealth has received in the case of Col. Eleazer Oswald, and the apathy and indifference with which it is viewed.
Notwithstanding our noble constitution secures, in the most explicit, pointed language, the invaluable privilege of a trial by his peers to every citizen in all criminal prosecutions, three of the judges of the supreme court have introduced the odious and arbitrary doctrine of constructive contempt; and in consequence thereof have fined and imprisoned Col. Oswald, at their arbitrary discretion, without the intervention of a jury, which he demanded as of right, and on this occasion they united the three characters of judge, jury, and party, in their own persons.
Col. Oswald's offence was a publication in his newspaper respecting the suit brought against him by one Brown, which the court construed a contempt—Whether it was or was not, Col. Oswald could not constitutionally be denied an impartial trial by an unprejudiced jury of his peers—the great shield of freemen from the oppression of power.
The procedure has been attempted to be justified by a few doubtful precedents drawn from England; but I will allow, for argument sake, that these were unequivocal and well-founded acts of authority in that country; yet of what avail are the laws or customs of England in contradiction to our magna charta, the constitution of this state. But even in England the power of attaching for constructive contempt has never been exercised without consulting the nation, and producing disgrace and danger to the court, to such a degree, that in neither of the three instances quoted from their law books, did the English judges dare to carry through their sentence; the dread of the vengeance of the people, and parliamentary interposition, appalled their despotic spirit, and constrained them to make an ignominious retreat. And it is remarkable that all these arbitrary stretches of authority were levelled at the liberty of the press, and were supported by all the weight and influence of royalty, at whose instance they were undertaken; however the press rose superior to this powerful combination to restrain its usefulness, and in the issue made the throne of majesty totter to its centre.
The people of England on these occasions, had the wisdom to make a common cause with the persons who were thus attempted to be oppressed—they did not suffer prejudices against the man to blind their judgment as to this cause, they resisted the precedent as it was injurious to all; otherwise despotic courts, by artfully pitching upon persons of despicable and infamous characters, might lay the foundation in the deprivation of their rights, of the most oppressive tyranny over the whole community; as an infringement of the privilege of the most worthless character, acquiesced in by the people, is soon appealed to as authority to justify similar treatment of every citizen.
The precedent established by our judges in the case of colonel Oswald, if not ablerated, will annihilate, and that before long, the trial by jury and the liberty of the press, the two main pillars of every privilege we possess as freemen. No person ought to flatter himself with an exemption from the fangs of this assumed jurisdiction of the supreme court, as no publication, or speech, however innocent, but may be tortured, by legal ingenuity, into a constructive contempt, and thus subject the defenceless person to fine to any amount, and imprisonment, even for life. Perhaps never was a more ingenious and comprehensive mode devised for the introduction of despotism among freemen, as this doctrine of constructive contempt, which is limited by no certain known rules, but dependent on the judgement, integrity, passions and imagination of judges for its nature and extent, and, in the hands of despotic and vindictive men, may be made instrumental to destroy the best men, the liberty of the press, and every privilege of freemen.—Upon the precedent already made may be reared a structure of oppression, that would make the land groan with universal misery; this legal inquisition may become as great a scourge to the freemen of Pennsylvania, as the star-chamber was to England.
The true cause of the persecution against colonel Oswald, was this. He had dared to admit a free discussion of the principles of the new constitution in the newspaper conducted by him; and therefore
he must be destroyed and made an example of to deter other printers from permitting their newspapers to be made the vehicles of useful information and alarm, and thereby endangering the success of the projects of the well-born for their aggrandizement at the expence of the common liberties. On the very next day after that intelligence had arrived of the accession of the ninth state to the new constitution, the legal persecution against Col. Oswald commenced. The chief justice, from old antipathies, became the willing instrument of vengeance and policy to the well-born.
This glaring violation of the constitution, and infringement of the personal liberty of a fellow citizen, called aloud for legislative interposition and animadversion—to this national tribunal every patriotic eye was turned with the fullest confidence—not doubting but that they would vindicate and confirm the sacred privileges of the people committed to their care. Col. Oswald, in this persuasion, laid his case before them and prayed for redress, but to his astonishment he found, notwithstanding the strenuous exertions of that illustrious patriot William Findley, Esq. that a majority of the representatives in assembly, unmindful of the duty they owed their country and posterity, instead of nipping oppression in the bud, gave their sanction to its establishment.
To this grievous disappointment is added a new prosecution, which, if public spirited men had not interposed by becoming his surety, would have immured Col. Oswald afresh in a loathsome prison. This prosecution is grounded upon some rash words uttered in the hour of inebriation the day after he had suffered, as he thought, a cruel and unjust imprisonment, and perhaps drawn from him too by the imps of the well-born, who could not recommend themselves more successfully for preferment or applause than by being instrumental to the destruction of the odious liberty of the press, in the person of Col. Oswald.
I would ask, does the revival of such stale neglected treats, made in the circumstances they were, and confessedly unmeaning and harmless, look like public justice, or private vengeance, that nothing will satisfy but the destruction of Col. Oswald?
A FREEMAN.
Philadelphia, October 12th, 1788.
Foreign Intelligence.
COPENHAGEN, July 15.
WITHIN these few days an entry has been made at our custom house of two millions and 400,000 Rix dollars, sent hither from France, for the use of Sweden.
STOCKHOLM, July 26.
In all our dock yards, but particularly in that of Carlscrona, the workmen are indefatigable in their labors; and already have we with six more ships of the line, and four more frigates nearly ready to put to sea in order to join the grand fleet.
LONDON, July 3.
By a letter just received from an eminent house in this city, from their correspondent in Paris, we are informed of the following particulars: that on the imprisonment of the twelve deputies from Brittany, the Marquis la Fayette instantly set off for the last mentioned place, and put himself at the head of 6000 men: and when this account came away, numbers were hourly flocking to his standard.
July 25.
Particulars of the presents lately sent by Tippoo Sultan to his most Christian Majesty:—A remission in the first place, of 19 lacks of rupees balance acknowledged in his favor by the Marquis de Bussy, Generals Duchenin, and M. de Suffien, account of the war. A crown, valued at 12 lacks, A star, and ornaments for the ribband, estimated also at 12 lacks. A sword, half a lack. Pearls to the Queen, worth 12 lacks, and a bed of solid gold. In all above half a crore of rupees; or considerably more than half a million sterling.
The Swedes having entered Russian Findland, and proceeding towards Cerafia, must render the emperor's residence at Petersburg very uneasy. If the king of Sweden, with his whole army, should advance towards that capital, the must retire to Novogorod, or Moscow. It may be doubted, whether the assistance of the Danes will be in time to save Petersburg. The king of Sweden is supposed to be about three hundred miles from Petersburg, and having received the second division of his fleet and army, it is probable that he will push his measures with spirit. At present there is nothing to stop his progress, but a small army under the grand duke. How the grand duke is inclined in this new war, is differently reported. Some say, that he is firm in his mother's designs: others say to the contrary: and some of the reports from abroad, have gone so far as to say, that a revolution will shortly take place in favor of the grand duke, and that the kings of Sweden and Prussia will immediately enter into an alliance with the new emperor, and guarantee to him his dominions, leaving the emperor and the Ottomans to themselves. If there is no truth in these latter reports, and the grand duke should find himself strong enough to risk a battle with the king of Sweden, or should risk one and lose it, Petersburg will inevitably fall into the hands of the king of Sweden, and before the end of the present campaign.
August 2.
The Capt. Pacha, previous to the sailing of the Turkish fleet from Constantinople, sent for the Captains of his fleet, and addressed them in these words:—"You know from whence I came, and what I have done in my life time. A new field of glory now opens, and affords us an opportunity of risking our lives for the honor of our country, our religion, and our Sultan. To accomplish this sacred duty, I separate myself from what I hold most dear. I have freed all my slaves, rewarded them according to their merit, and paid them what I owed them. I have taken the last farewell of my wife, and devote myself to this important business, firmly resolved to conquer or die. Should I ever return, it will be a signal mark of God's favour in prolonging my life, that I may die content, and with glory. This is my fixed resolution. And I have assembled you who have always been my faithful companions, to exhort and command you to follow my example in this critical juncture. If any
of you are afraid, and have not the courage to necessary in the expedition I am going upon, let him avow it openly, without fear of offending me, and I promise to dismiss him; but those, on the contrary, who fail at the time of action in the execution of my orders, must not think of excusing themselves by vague pretexts, or the disobedience of their men; for, I swear by Mahomet, and the life of the Sultan, that I will put them and their men to death; but they who acquit themselves of their duty courageously, shall be nobly recompensed. Those who will follow me on these conditions, rise, and swear fidelity and obedience to me." Upon which all the Captains rising up, swore to conquer or die with the grand Admiral, who said to them, "I acknowledge you all as my dear faithful companions; return immediately to your respective ships, assemble your men, and communicate to them what I have said, make them take the oath, and prepare to sail to-morrow."
While it has been fashionable, and not without very good flow of reason, to deny the character and military talents of Paul Jones, the share that commander has had in the very great naval victory lately obtained over the Turks in the Leman, has given the Russians a very high idea of him. His courage, indeed, never was doubted, and his conduct on this occasion, is said to have been second to none but that of the Prince of Nassau.
August, 13.
From Brabant we learn, that the Low Countries are again in a flame.—The 4th inst. the day fixed for shutting the seminary, the people assembled on the grand place, and on the quay: the troops were under arms, the cannon were charged, and every precaution being taken to enforce obedience to the Emperor's orders, and prevent an insurrection, the mob were desired to disperse; but as they were unarmed, and had committed no violence, but were simple spectators, they did not imagine that coercive measures would be taken to drive them away, and continued, after repeated admonitions, to look on—until an officer of the grenadiers, pretending to have felt a stone graze his hat, gave orders to fire; and the whole division, consisting of 400 men, discharged their muskets on the unoffending populace. Nine were killed on the spot, 8 have since died of their wounds, and 80 were carried to the hospital, 30 of whom cannot recover. Among those that fell were two foreigners accidentally crossing at the unhappy moment. A woman and a child in her arms were both killed, as she was serving behind her counter. The mob immediately dispersed; but measures so sanguinary and wanton can only tend to alienate the affections of the few remaining loyalists.
This melancholy scene, it is added, would never have happened, perhaps but for the intrigues of the monks and priests under the direction of the bishop of Antwerp, and the cardinal archbishop of Mechlin; the excessive influence of these mitered fanatics, joined to the indefatigable industry of the inferior priesthood, and mendicant friars, succeeded for so long as to occasion the people to assemble, and animated by religious zeal, the might have proceeded to violence, if the military had not, as they did, imposed upon them, by firing the moment they refused to disperse.
August 20.
As soon as the Prince Potemkin arrived with the Imperial army near Oczakow, and had reconnoitered the place, he found that the ships which had retired in the preceding combat, and especially the galleys that carried large pieces of cannon, would be in a state to impede our army from approaching the fort, to bombard it. In consequence of which, he gave commission to the prince of Nassau Siegen to attack those vessels, which he accordingly did in the night between the 11th and 12th of July, with an extraordinary courage and intrepidity. The fight lasted eight hours, under the cannon of the place. The enemy's vessels were sunk; we took one galley, and the others having suffered from our fire, were forced to run ashore on the coast. In order to support our fleet, and to divide the attention of the enemy, the Prince Potemkin made at the same time a false attack on the land. The light troops of the advanced guard surrounded the town. The corps of chasseurs of Livonia occupied the garden, and covered our battery, which was at the point of the entrenchment, and so near the town that we could hear the explosion of the cartridges. Our artillery, altho' not supported better than when exercised, silenced the cannon of the enemy, and we lost only one attendant of them, who was killed with his horse near the battery.
During the action, the Princes Repnin and Geo. Dolgoruchi, as also Lieut. Gen. Potemkin, who commanded the troops employed on this expedition, were at the battery, accompanied by the count Braniacki, great General of Poland, and the prince de Ligne. The brigadier Verkonfki, commandant of the chasseurs, distinguished himself with great ability in elevating the cannon, after, the destruction of the enemy's vessels, the fleet directed their fire against the town with such success, that the upper part is nearly reduced to ashes. The enemy lost on this occasion two frigates of 20 guns each, a brig of 10 guns and a Kiriangitch of 12; a bomb galley, with a mortar and 4 pieces of cannon; five fifty-oared galleys, with each a 36, and 4 12 pounders; besides two transports, with 80 puds of gun powder; a gun boat with one 24 and one 12 pounder.—Total, 100 pieces of cannon.
The late success of the Czarina's arms in the Black sea, and the advantages lately gained by the emperor's troops on the frontiers, had induced the two Imperial courts to offer terms of peace to the Turks; if accepted, it is more than probable that the united forces of both empires will fall on the Swedes and Prussians. The disposition of the latter to espouse the cause of Sweden, and to thwart his Imperial majesty on some occasions, has inclined the courts of Petersburg and Vienna to exert the whole of their force against those powers.
Died, a few days ago, at Selkirk (Scotland) William Riddel, aged 116. In the early part of his life he dealt deep in the smuggling and drinking of brandy, and was always so fond of good ale, that he had been often heard to declare he had never taken a single draught of water. He could never be called a habitual drinker, but frequently fell into intemperate rambles of several days continuance, and, even after he was 90, he at one time drank a fortnight before he went to bed. He married his third wife when he was 95; and retained his memory and judgment to the last. For the last two years of his life he subsisted chiefly on ale and spirits mixed with a little bread.
American Occurrences.
CHARLESTON, September 27. Copy of a letter from Mr. M c Gilvery, to George Whitefield, Esq.
Little Tallase, August 12, 1788.
SIR, I AM glad to hear you had a tolerable journey home, as we were not without apprehensions for your safety, on your setting out. M c Donald has been lately here, and has given me a particular account of the effects of Suwier's tour through the Cherokee nation; the death of the Cherokee chief, called the Tassel, and some others. That barbarian, I am told, is meditating another expedition for accomplishing the total extirpation of the Cherokees. You gave me a very affecting account of the unhappy condition of those distressed people, and you say, representations are made to procure them relief: really I don't know what to think of a government that is compelled to wink at such outrages: it must not have the least vigour or energy, when it cannot enforce its own laws. What may be the effects of the new constitution, is to be proved. It is adopted, and I suppose set to sleep. Don't think I speak too hard, I wish the matter was otherwise for the general good. I believe all you say of the gentlemen commissioners; but were they selected of the best and wisest on earth, yet it is to no avail, if they are not authorised to restore to us our just rights: it is to no purpose that we could meet, without that is done; and as they tell me that the requisition I made to that effect is out of their instructions, the negotiations of course rest here. Milford shall hear you talk, as shall D. M c G. and Co. I wish you, my good friend, every happiness, and may God preserve you five hundred years,
I remain, with true regard,
Your very humble servant,
ALEX. M c GILVERY,"
George Whitefield, Esq.
BALTIMORE, October 12.
On Tuesday evening last, as Mr. Nicholas Dorsey, junior, of Anne Arundel county (in company with several other gentlemen) was riding with great speed to Annapolis, his horse stumbled at a short turn in the road and threw the unfortunate rider against the stump of a small tree which immediately put a period to his existence.
On Monday morning last, the election for delegates to the general assembly, for this town, commenced, and was continued until half past seven o'clock the last evening, when, by the consent of the parties, the polls were closed, and the judges, having numbered the votes for the several candidates, declared James M c Henry and John Coulter, Esquires, to be duly elected.—
State of the Polls.
  James M c Henry, Esq. 635   John Coulter, Esq. 622   Samuel Chase, Esq. 502   David M c Mechen, Esq. 494   Independent of the above are about 150 undecided votes in favour of the elected. 
Last evening the election for delegates to the general assembly for Baltimore county, closed at the burnt-house, about nine miles from this town, when the following gentlemen were declared to be duly elected, viz.—Charles Ridgely, Esq. Charles Ridgely, son of William, Esq. Thomas Cockey Deye, Esq. and Edward Cockey, Esq. Thomas Rutter, jun. Esq. is elected sheriff of Baltimore county.
Allen Quinn, and Gabriel Duval, Esqrs. are elected delegates to the general assembly, for the city of Annapolis.
PHILADELPHIA, October 13.
At a meeting of the inhabitants of the county of Philadelphia, for the purpose of nominating suitable persons to represent them in council in the general assembly, one person as a commissioner, and conference to attend the state conferences at Lancaster, George Gray, Esq. in the chair, the following gentlemen were agreed upon:—
 Counsellor—Thomas Mifflin, Esq.  Assembly—John Salter, George Logan, William Robinson, jun. Richard Peters, W. M c Pher-son, Esqrs.  Commissioner—Evan Thomas.  Conferees—George Gray, Enoch Edwards, Esqrs. 
October 15.
One night last week 33 of the criminals, commonly called Wheelbarrow-men, broke out of the jail of this city; since which several of them have been retaken, but the remainder have resumed their former practices of depredation upon the persons and property of the inhabitants. Their custom is to charge cloaths with those they rob.
Sunday afternoon, a man lately from Ireland was robbed of eight guineas and an half in the wood just below Grey's Ferry.
The same evening, about eight o'clock, a young man was stopped in South-street, near Tenth-street, by a fellow, who plundered him, and then tied him to a stake.
Such of the citizens as are obliged to go abroad in the evening, would do well to arm themselves.
October 16.
Tuesday last the Hon. Peter Muhlenberg, Esq. resigned his seat as vice-president of the supreme executive council, and the Hon. David Redick, Esq. of Washington county, was duly elected in his stead.
BOSTON, October 6.
Population in the state of Vermont, increases very rapidly. It is supposed now to contain 80,000 people.
It may be relied on as a fact, that a gentleman in the town of Beverly has this year raised a crop of beans (which he has just gathered) that produced when shelled, after the rate of 926 bushels from only one bushel planted by him the last spring.
In the True Briton, a vessel lately arrived at St. John, New-Brunswick, came sundry articles of clothing, with some implements of husbandry, cash, &c. amounting in the whole in value to 500l. sterl. being a donation from that truly christian society of people in England, called Quakers, to their brethren in that province, to be distributed among them, at the discretion of these gentlemen to whom they are consigned.
There are now 13 vessels on the stocks, building in New-Brunswick—five years ago that country was a desert.

PROVIDENCE, October 11.
Tuesday night last, between 11 and 12 o'clock, a fire was discovered in a large dwelling house at the fourth end of the town, belonging to John Brown, Esq. which was occupied by four families. The fire had got to such a height before a discovery was made, that the unfortunate tenants (about 20 in number) were obliged instantly to quit the house, most of them with only their shirts—very few articles of furniture were therefore saved from the devouring flames. A young man who leaped from a garret window was somewhat hurt, and another considerably burnt in effecting his escape through the kitchen, where the fire began. The fire-companies and other inhabitants assembled with their usual alacrity, but the only attainable object was to save the houses of Mr. Thomas Bennett and Captain Benjamin Dexter, which were each about 40 feet distant from the house in flames, and the only ones immediately endangered thereby; these, with the assistance of the engines were with difficulty preserved.
A subscription has been opened for relieving the families who have lost their whole property by this distressing accident, and we are happy to learn that a considerable sum is already subscribed.
Mr. Bennett, and the family of Capt. Dexter (himself being absent) return their sincere and grateful thanks to the inhabitants, for the successful exertions made in preserving their dwellings.
On Monday next a waggon with five gentlemen (being the second from this town) will set out for the new city of Marietta, on the fertile banks of the Ohio. These gentlemen are proprietors of lands there, propole to become settlers in that delightful country—that second land of promise where nature smiles in all her glory, and where a most luxuriant soil and happy climate will abundantly reward the husbandman's labour.
PORTSMOUTH, September 13.
Prince William Henry arrived at Halifax, on Sunday the 17th ult. in the Andromeda . His royal highness was received with every possible demonstration of joy—carpets were laid in the streets for him to walk upon—an elegant ball was given by the town of Halifax—illuminations took place, &c. &c.—the whole expense amounting, it is said, to upwards of four thousand pounds! But notwithstanding the outward respect which the prince receives, as a descendant of the British monarch, he is universally looked upon as a man destitute of every tender and amiable principle, and living in the cultivation of those vices which disgrace human nature.—At boxing few can equal him, lumper's play being his chief delight. The ins. he repeatedly offers to the fair sex often bring upon his royal highness proper chastisement—nor has his royal blood, nor his repeating "I am his highness," been sufficient to protect him from the smack of the whip .
HARTFORD, October 6.
Wednesday last Mr. Timothy Hurlston, of Watertown, lost his only child, a daughter, about two years old, in a very sudden and remarkable manner. A kneading trough with flour for baking, was set in a chair; the child took hold of the trough and pulled it down, the flour filled its nose and mouth, and though it was immediately taken up, and every thing attempted for its relief, it instantly died. It is supposed when the flour fell in its face, the child drew in its breath, and inhaled such a quantity as at once stopped the motion of the lungs, for it did not breathe a second time.
On the 17th ult. was held at Dartmouth College, the anniversary commencement, when twenty young gentlemen received the first honors of that university. The time for holding commencement of Dartmouth College is for the future appointed to be on the fourth Wednesday in August, annually.
NEW-HAVEN, Oct. 15.
Thursday last, the honorable general assembly of this state met in this city.
Thursday the 27th day of November next, is appointed to be observed as a Public Thanksgiving throughout this state.
New-York, October 23.
WE are assured that the alterations and addition now making to the City-Hall will, when completed, render it the most elegant and commodious building for a legislative body in the United States; and we flatter ourselves it will merit the approbation of that august assembly, for whose accommodation it is particularly intended. The readiness with which the citizens entered into a subscription for defraying the expense, shews that we are sensible of the honor conferred on us by Congress; and the expedition with which the work is carried on, is a sufficient proof of our public spirit and ardent attachment to the federal cause. We hope the respect that has ever been shown by the citizens of New-York to Congress, and the exertions made to render their situation agreeable, will so far justify the choice they have been pleased to make, as to prevent any contention in future on the subject of adjournment.
On Monday last a number of the officers of the late American army, and several gentlemen of distinction dined together at the coffee-house, in commemoration of the two great events that took place in the late war—the surrender at Saratoga, on the 17th of October, 1777, and that at Yorktown, on the 19th of October, 1781.
The company was large, and conducted themselves with much decency and good humour.
A correspondent observes with great pleasure, that the American ladies begin to assume a proper degree of independence. Hitherto their fashions have been dictated by the belles of Paris and London;—but the practice of wearing the Broad Chip-Hat, drawn down on each side over the ears, is evidently copied from Jemima Wilkinson, the celebrated female preacher. Our correspondent congratulates his countrymen on this event, and on the rapid multiplication of Jemimas.
A correspondent says, that a new cheese placed in a hay stack, or under a load or two of wheat or rye in the straw in a barn, ripens, in the course of six months, more than it will in two years in any other situation. The cheese, when taken out of the hay or straw, is changed from a white to a yellow colour, and is reduced nearly one half in its thickness.
We learn that Baron Polnitz, who lately arrived in this city, has brought with him a model of the newly invented TARESHING-MILL . By means of this mill, a man and a boy may thresh 70 bushels of wheat in a day. The price of it is only 12l. One mill will serve a whole township, by being used in succession by different farmers.
On Wednesday the 8th inst. the Convention of the Presbyterian Churches in America, consisting of Clerical and Lay Delegates, from the Synod of New-York and Philadelphia; from the Reformed Protestant Dutch Synod; and from the Associate Reformed Synod, met in this city; and having transacted their business in great peace and harmony, adjourned to meet again the next year.
The last accounts from the Ohio, mention, that a large number of Indians, of various tribes, were assembling, in order to be present at the formation of the intended treaty. The accounts add, that the Indians in general appear to be disposed for peace.
A letter from Pittsburgh, dated Oct. 4, says:— "We hear from Muskungum, that Mr. William Wilson, the messenger sent to invite the Indians to the treaty, is arrived there, accompanied by Capt. Brant and 500 Indians."
The French, in compliment to their allies, the states of America, have just launched at Brest, a new 74 gun ship called the America .
The idea of the Marquis de la Fayette's being at the head of 6000 men, as mentioned under the London head, is not to be credited. The fact is—the Marquis has been induced by his patriotism and love of liberty to interest himself in favor of those who oppose the new edicts; in consequence of which, his Most Christian Majesty has testified his displeasure, by depriving him of his office of inspector of troops, and forbidding his appearance at court.
In the Philadelphia papers the cargo of the ship Alliance , from Canton, is advertised to be sold at auction. Among other articles which compose her cargo, there are said to be 3000 chests of tea.
The above ship and cargo, we are told, are owned entirely by Robert Morris, Esq. of Philadelphia—which is perhaps the only instance, in Europe or America, of an Indian and cargo being owned by an individual.
The legislature of the state of Connecticut have appointed William S. Johnson, and Oliver Ellsworth, Esquires, their representatives in the senate of the United States.
On Wednesday the 15th instant arrived at Philadelphia, the brig Neptune , Capt. S. Williams, in ten weeks from Peterburgh, in Russia. Capt. Williams informs that there has been a second sea fight between the Russians and Swedes, that the admiral of the Swedish fleet was taken, and that rear admiral Paul Jones is held in very high estimation by the Russians.
A letter from Elizabeth-Town, dated October 19, says:—"Our election was closed last evening, when it appeared that John Chetwood, Esq. was chosen counsellor, John Condit, Henry Garritse, and Jonas Wade, Esquires, members of assembly; and William Halsead, Esq. sheriff. The state of the poll was,
For counsellor,—John Chetwood 918, Daniel Marsh 292, John Horobrow 15. For assembly—John Condit 874, Henry Garritse 819, Jonas Wade 802, Caleb Camp 399, William Crane 385. For sheriff—William Halsead 657, John N. Cummings 510.
At the election for the county of Bergen, state of New-Jersey, the following gentlemen were chosen to fill the offices annexed to their names.
Counsellor—Peter Harring, Esq. Assembly—John Outwater, Isaac Nichols, and John Benfon, Esqrs. Sheriff—Adam Boyd, Esq.
A letter from Philadelphia, dated Oct. 15, says:—"Our election ended last evening, when it appeared that the following gentlemen, who are all federalists, were duly chosen, viz.
Counsellor—Samuel Miles. Assembly—Thomas Fitzsimons, William Lewis, Jacob Hiltzheimer, George Clymer, and Lawrence Sickel. Sheriff—James Ash."
On the 4th instant, the honorable the general assembly of Pennsylvania adjourned, sine die.
The harmony with which the late sessions of assembly has terminated is a most comfortable circumstance to every friend of good government. The two federal characters which have been elected to represent Pennsylvania in the senate of the United States, and the concordance of all parties with respect to the law passed by the house, regulating the time, place and manner of choosing their eight members of the federal house of representatives, and the election of the ten electors of the president, are good omens of future happiness under the new constitution.
The electors of the president of the United States, on the part of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania, are to meet in the borough of Reading, where it is universally hoped and expected that one more tribute of merited approbation will be given to George Washington, Esq. by their unanimous suffrages. Of the several respectable characters in nomination for vice-president, circumstances seem most to concur in favor of John Adams, Esq. While the conciliating talents of Governor Hancock, and the attachments to him that prevail in Massachusetts, render him necessary to the peace of New-England. Mr. Adams is perfectly at leisure to fill a seat, for which nature, education, and the experience of several years and various courts in Europe, have eminently and peculiarly qualified him.
We have the following paragraphs from unquestionable authority:—
The fleet of the Empress of Russia which engaged with the Turks on the 18th of June last, consisted of 27 galleys and gun boats; while that of the Turks was composed of 57 of the same kind of vessels. In this engagement, wherein the Turks were repulsed, admiral Paul Jones commanded the right wing of the Russians, and the Prince of Nassau the left.
On the 26th of June the Prince of Nassau attacked the Turkish fleet at the mouth of the Boristhenes, while they were in great disorder, some of them being aground and unable to manœuvre, burnt six of them, among which was the admiral's and vice admiral's, took two more, and between 3 and 4000 prisoners. The Captain Pacha was obliged to fly in a small vessel, and lost his standard; and has since retired to Varna, with the remnant of his fleet.
The Russian force on the Black Sea consists of three ships of the line and five frigates, under the command of admiral Paul Jones. The Prince of Nassau commands the galleys and gun boats, which being of a small draught, are calculated to fight in shoal water.
The Spanish squadron which was out, has returned into port.
A decree was passed the 8th of August last in his Most Christian Majesty's council of state, for convoking the states general of the kingdom the first of May next; and for suspending the functions of the Cour Pleniere until that period.
The Empress of Russia has formerly declared war against Sweden. She expects to derive assistance from the king of Denmark, who has been arming with great activity, and has a powerful fleet. It is expected that Sweden, inould the proposals for a general peace prove abortive, will be supported by England, and the Turks, while it is known that Prussia has promised effectually to succour her.
The cabinet of Versailles have it in contemplation to establish packets between Havre and some port in the United States, which will perform their voyages regularly. They will be smaller than those formerly employed in this service, which were floops of war, and cost his Most Christian Majesty 120,000 livres annually.
The plague has broke out and rages with great violence at Algiers. Numbers of the people are carried off by it.
The famous Marechal de Richlieu died on the 8th of August last, aged 92 years.
The Marquis de la Luzerne, minister of his Most Christian Majesty to the king of Great Britain, has returned to Paris with the leave of his Majesty.
Last Wednesday arrived the brig Anthony , Capt. Pooler, from Peterburgh in Russia. He left Cronstadt the 2d of August, and on his passage down the Gulph of Finland, on the 4th of August passed through the Russian fleet which was at anchor under the island of Zulchar, consisting of thirty-five vessels, twenty-one of which were of the line, under the command of Admiral Greig; and on the 5th of August he fell in with a squadron of Swedish men of war, consisting of four ships of the line and one frigate, which appeared to him to be fresh ships, and from their course he supposed were going to join the Swedish fleet then in port on the coast of Finland.
Capt. Pooler confirms the accounts we have had of the action that took place on the 17th of July, and saw at Cronstadt the Swedish ship Gustavus of 74 guns, which had been taken in that engagement. The Russians also lost a ship of the line, besides having several ships very much shattered; two 74's in particular, were obliged to go to Cronstadt to repair; one of them commanded by Capt. Elphinstone an English officer, who, during the late war, commanded a ship on our coast.
From all the accounts that could be collected, it appears to have been a well fought battle, in which the commanders on both sides have distinguished themselves. The Swedish vice-admiral, Count Wachmeister, who was unfortunately taken, is particularly spoken of, as a brave and skillful officer, and whose ship was most astonishingly defended.
About the 9th of August, three Russian three deckers and a frigate landed their marines on the Swedish coast near Elfsneur, which is nearly opposite Elfsneur, where they burned a small fishing town. This squadron, he understood, was bound to the Mediterranean, where they were to join the Portuguese fleet, which are to co-operate against the Turks.
Three Russian ships of 74 guns each, were nearly ready for launching when Captain Pooler left Cronstadt. He also confirms the account of an engagement in the Black Sea, in which the Turks lost 8 ships of the line, six being burnt, and two taken.
The Empress was at Peterburgh, and had not gone to Novogorod, as has been asserted in the foreign papers; nor was she under any apprehension from the forces of Sweden.
Considering the situation and equality of the two fleets of Russia and Sweden, another engagement may be expected.
Capt. Severs, in a ship for Boston, and Capt. Forrester, in a brig for Salem, failed two weeks before Capt. Pooler.
Capt. Williams, in the brig Neptune of Philadelphia, failed in company with Capt. Pooler from Cronstadt to Elfsneur, and was to leave Elfsneur the day after him.
ARRIVED—Columbus, Cadiz; Pooler, Peterburgh, Russia; Harrison, Liverpool; Jones, Fredericksborg; —, Boston; Irish, Hispaniola; Swain, Turks-Island; Tinker, Newbern; Watson, Digby; Caboon, Rhode-Island; Brown, ditto; Bunker, Pool; White, Montego-Bay; Gardner, Cape-Francois.
At a Court of Probates of the State of New-York, held at the Probate-Office, in the City of New-York, on the twenty second Day of October, in the Year of our Lord one Thousand Seven Hundred and Eighty-eight.
PRESENT, The Honorable PETER OGILVIE, Esq. Judge of the said Court.
WHEREAS John Segar, executor of the last will and testament of Robert Midwinter, late of the said city and county of New-York, ship-wright, deceased, hath by his petition, presented to the said judge, set forth, that the said Robert Midwinter, was, at the time of his death, seized of a real estate within this state, that the petitioner had made a just and true account of the personal estate and debts of the said Robert Midwinter, as far as he had been able to discover the same, and that thereby it appeared, that the personal estate of the said Robert Midwinter, was insufficient to pay his debts, and therefore requested the aid of the said judge in the premises, according to the directions of the act, entitled, "An act for the relief of creditors against heirs, devisees, executors, and administrators, and for proving wills respecting real estates," and the said petitioner hath delivered to the said judge the account in the said petition mentioned; hereupon it is ordered by the said judge, that all persons interested in the estate of the said Robert Midwinter, do appear before the judge of the said court of Probates, at the Probate Office, in the city of New-York, on the twelfth day of December next, to show cause, if any they have, why so much of the real estate whereof the said Robert Midwinter, died seized, should not be sold, as will be sufficient to pay his debts.
71 7w. PETER OGILVIE.
State of New-York, ss.
WHEREAS all the real estate of which Jacobus Jacobus Blauvelt, late of Orange town, in the county of Orange, carpenter, deceased, died seized, has been sold by an order of Peter Ogilvie, Esq. judge of the court of probates of this state, for the payment of his debts—All persons who have any demands against the estate of the said Jacobus Jacobus Blauvelt, are hereby notified and desired to produce the same to the said judge of the said court of probates, at the probate office in the city of New-York, on the fifteenth day of January next, when and where a final settlement and distribution of the said estate will be made.—Given under my hand, at the probate office, in the city of New-York, the fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight.
70 8w PETER OGILVIE.
Dr. SAMUEL STEARNS,
Formerly of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, for these fourteen Years past, has spent much of his time in preparing for Publication,
THE North American Dispensatory.
CONTAINING, I. THE Materia Medica. II. The Operation of Medicines. III. The Art and Science of Pharmacy. IV. The Composition of Medicines. V. An Index of Diseases and their Remedies. VI. The Operations and Medicines used in Surgery.
This is the first Dispensatory that ever was written in America; and will contain not only an account of the virtues of the American productions, and those in other parts of the world, but the completest system of antidotes against all the various maladies, incident to the human race, that has ever been published; being calculated according to modern philosophy, and the experience and observation, of the most celebrated physicians and surgeons in all parts of the known world.
Those that may be minded to furnish themselves with this important work, may do it, by subscribing Three Dollars for each book; one half of the money to be paid at the time of subscribing, and the other at the reception of the books—Those that subscribe for six, will have one gratis.
This work will be printed in quarto upon good paper, with a good type, and be neatly bound and adorned with cuts of the chymical and surgical instruments—It will be put to press as soon as a sufficient number of subscriptions are received.
Subscriptions are taken in by the author, by the Printer hereof, by Benjamin Edes and Son, in Boston, T. Thomas, in Worcester, Melis. Hallwell and Russel, in Bennington, and by many other gentlemen in various parts of the continent.
New-York, October 15, 1788. 37
TO BE SOLD, At PRIVATE SALE,
And possession delivered on the first day of April next,
A genteel well built HOUSE,
Formerly occupied by Henry Williams, Esq.
SITUATED at Bedford, on Long-Island, on the road leading from Brooklyn ferry to Jamaica—Distant about two and a half miles from the ferry—
Together with a Barn, Out Houses, and nine acres of excellent Land, an Orchard of one hundred Apple Trees, with a great variety of other Garden Fruit-trees.—The House is two stories high, has four Rooms on each floor—a good Cellar under the whole House with a Cellar Kitchen; and is well adapted either for a Gentleman's Country Seat, a Public Tavern, or a Merchant.
For further particulars enquire at No. 184, Water-street, near the Ply-Market, or of the Subscriber living on the Premises, who will give an indisputable Title for the same.
BENJAMIN HAVENS. Bedford, Long-Island, Oct. 9, 1788 69 3w.
A PUBLIC AUCTION AND COMMISSION STORE
IS OPENED By MARINUS WILLETT,
No. 36, Water-Street, FOR the reception of GOODS
to be disposed of on commission, at Public or Private SALE. Money advanced, previous to the sale, if required. The excellency of the situation, and his extensive acquaintance with country merchants and traders, induces him to flatter himself, that his sales will be advantageous to those who please to favor him with their commands.
To be disposed of at PRIVATE SALE, 20 Puncheons Antigua Rum, 40 Do. St. Croix do. 20 Do. Barbadoes do. New-York Rum, of the first quality, at all times. New-York, Oct. 1, 1788. 68 t.f.
WANTS A PLACE.
A PERSON, who can be well recommended as a man of honest sobriety, and a proficient in Book-keeping, would be glad of employ either as a Book-keeper or a Store-keeper only. His having an expensive family, and possessed of no immediate means of supporting them, has induced him to propose to serve at a lower rate than is customary.
For further particulars enquire of the printer. New-York, Oct. 9, 1788. 69
The highest Price is given by the Printer hereof for clean
LINEN RAGS.

POET'S CORNER.
O C T O B E R.
AH me! how fitt the summer flies, And leaves the hapless shore; While we, beneath the low'ring skies, Her absence must deplore. See hostile autumn seeth's the land, And strips the drooping trees; Lo! how they moulder from her hand, And fall at ev'ry breeze. Stern hoary winter will prevail, And drag her fleeces on; Hark! how the swains the summer wail, And mourn the season gone. No more the morn shall blushing rise, And pearly dews exhale; No more shall gild the eastern skies, Or cheer the bleating vale. But mucky, gloomy, low'ring black, Reluctant drop along; Ah! turn departing summer back, Restore the Rural Song. But hence, vain wish, false hope away! Will she obey the swain? She flies to hear some nobler lay, On some more happy plain. Or wherefore murmur, 'cause she flies, Or pine at her depart? Soon she again more bright shall rise, And cheer each Rural Heart.
FORM of the OATH To the Claimants of the FLETCH of BACON at Dunnow.
YOU shall swear by the custom of our confession, That you never made any nuptial transgression, Since you were married man and wife, By household broils, or contentious strife; Or, otherwise, in bed or board, Offended each other in deed or word; Or, since the parish clerk said Amen, With'd yourselves unmarried again; Or, in a twelvemonth and a day, Repeated not in thought any way, But continued true, and in desire, As when you joined hand in holy quire. If to these conditions, without fear Of our own accord you will freely swear, A Gammon of Bacon you shall receive And bear it hence with love and good leave; For this is our custom at Dunnow well known Though the sport be our's, the Bacon's your own.
A N E C D O T E S.
IN a neighbouring village lived an honest, wealthy farmer, who having a number of hirelings hoesing in a field, one day, about eleven o'clock, going to see how his work went on, found one of them, while experiencing a sudden religious change, which, in part, constitutes a Shaker, sitting still, reproved him for his idleness; on being answered, that he was thirsty after the Spirit. "Grog you mean, I suppose," says the farmer; but if the good book teaches you to thirst after the Spirit, it lays also, hoc! all ye that thirst."
AN Irish gentleman was lately carried before a magistrate of London, charged with assaulting and beating some watchmen and others. The watchmen as usual, were not very confident in their story, one declaring he was knocked down with his cane, another alleging that he was struck with a cutlass, and some accusing his merciless hand as the instrument of laceration. Their examination being concluded, and the gentleman asked what he had to say in justification, he candidly acknowledged the liberality with which he dealt his pugnaular favours; but at the same time assured his worship, "that he had nothing in his hand but his felt."
Table with 4 columns: Day, R. (Rising), S. (Setting), D. (Duration). Rows for Thursday through Wednesday.
HIGH WATER.
Table with 3 columns: Day, H. (Hours), M. (Minutes). Rows for Thursday through Wednesday.
Affixe of BREAD.
As established December 5, 1787. A Loaf of inspected Superfine Wheat Flour to weigh Two Pound Five Ounces for Six-pence. A Loaf of Rye Flour to weigh One Pound Twelve Ounces for Three-pence.
Just Published, At Thomas Greenleaf's Printing-Office, No. 25, Water-Street. A new, complete, and correct Edition of Baron Steuben's Regulations FOR THE Order and Discipline OF THE Troops of the United States.
This Day is published, And to be sold by the PRINTER hereof and by ROBERT HODGE, No. 237, Queen-street, THE PRINCIPLES OF THE Latin Grammar, EXPLAINED in a manner suited to the Capacity of Beginners, with rules and Observations calculated for those who have made proficiency in the Classics. By JAMES HARDIE, A. B. Teacher of the GREEK and LATIN Languages, NEW-YORK.
WE, the PRESIDENT and PROFESSORS of COLUMBIA COLLEGE, whose names are hereunto subscribed, do certify, that we have examined a new publication, entitled "The Principles of the Latin Grammar explained, &c." by JAMES HARDIE, and that we find it an accurate and judicious compilation, well calculated for the instruction of youth in the rudiments of the Latin language; and such as may be useful even to those who have made considerable progress therein. We therefore recommend it to all who are intrusted with the care of education, and particularly to the teachers in the different schools of this state. W. SAMUEL JOHNSON, President, WILLIAM COCHRAN, Professor of Languages, JOHN DANIEL GROS, Professor of Moral Philosophy and Geography, JOHN KEMP, Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy.
For the CONVENIENCE of MERCHANTS, Just Published, And to be sold at this Printing-Office, A CATALOGUE of those ARTICLES of MERCHANDIZE on which DUTIES were imposed by late acts of the legislature of this state, viz. of April 11, 1787, and March 12, 1788; which duties took place on the 1st inst.
In the arranging of this catalogue neither pains nor expence of time has been spared to render it of great utility to the Merchants, by selecting and properly distinguishing the several rates of impositions upon GOODS imported in vessels built in the United States since April 11, 1787, and not really and bona fide wholly the property of the citizens--imported in foreign vessels--and, in American vessels. This work would require labour, and the most intense study and attention of the best merchant, so nicely to distinguish. It is printed upon a large substantial sheet of paper, with the several kinds of duties in distinct columns, in such a manner that they can be readily contrasted when passed up in a Counting-house.
As a small number of this kind of work fell, in general, the sale being confined to merchants, 2/6d. each was at first demanded; but, finding no one chose to purchase at that rate, the Printer has (least he should sink his whole labour and expence) fixed the price at One Shilling only. N. B. A few of the supplements of the act, passed the 12th of March, to be sold at this office. Sept. 11, 1788. 65
Extract from an Act, supplementary to the Act, entitled, "An Act to prevent the Exportation of unmerchantable Flour, and the false Tariff of Bread and Flour Casks," passed the 7th March, 1788.
SECT. 7th. AND be it further, enacted, &c. That the standard weight of wheat brought to the city of New-York for sale, shall be sixty pounds neat to the bushel; and in all cases of such sales of wheat in the said city, by the bushel, if the same shall exceed the standard weight, the buyer shall pay a proportionably greater price; and if the same shall be less than the said standard, the buyer shall pay a proportionably less price: Provided, That this regulation shall not extend to any special contracts respecting the sales of wheat, whatever may be the weight thereof. Sect. 10th. And be it further enacted, &c. That this act shall be in force from and after the first day of July next, &c.
Chamber of Commerce, July 1st, 1788. RESOLVED, That the members of this chamber, from a consciousness of the advantage which the agricultural, as well as commercial interest of this state may derive from a strict adherence to the directions contained in the former part of the seventh section of the law above recited, will, in their future purchases of wheat, uniformly abide by the rules therein prescribed, and, as far as their influence extends, endeavour to convince the public of their utility, and to inforce their adoption. By order of the Corporation of the New-York Chamber of Commerce, WILLIAM LAIGHT, Secretary.
All kinds of Public & State Certificates BOUGHT and SOLD, At No. 27, WATER-STREET, And every kind of PAPER MONEY exchanged for SPECIE and re-exchanged: Also on Hand FOR SALE, A LARGE Sum in Bancker's, Barber's, and Loan Office Certificates of this State, such as will purchase Lands at the Commissioner's sale, and pay Quit-Rents--Likewise, Final Settlements of this State; any, or all of which will be exchanged for Common Final Settlements, Loan-Office, or Pickering's Notes, and indents at a small difference. To be Sold at this PRINTING-OFFICE, B L A N K S of different sorts.
This Day is published, and to be Sold, By ROBERT HODGE, No. 237, the Corner of King & Queen-street, The Miscellaneous Works OF PHILIP FRENEAU, Containing his Essays and additional Poems. THIS second volume of our American Author, is replete with the highest sentimental entertainment. Humour, wit, and satire, flow in copious streams.--It requires only to be read to be admired. Such gentlemen, in this city and state, as honored this vol. with their subscriptions, will be pleased to send for it as soon as convenient.
THE MESSIAH, Attempted from the GERMAN of Mr. KLOPSTOCK. TO those who are acquainted with the merits of this work, little need be said to recommend it.--It is calculated to inspire every pious, every virtuous sentiment:--to fill the mind with an awul reverence and love of the Great and incomprehensible GOD and FATHER of all; with the sublimest and most fervent gratitude to our gracious REDEEMER, and a perfect detestation and abhorrence of all vice. In a word, it claims the patronage of ALL who do not blush at owning themselves Christians, and at paying a humble obedience to the King of Kings. This piece of religious and moral painting has obtained Mr. Klopstock the honor of being esteemed the Milton of Germany, and is considered as having completed what that favorite son of the British muse had left unfinished.--The beauties of the Messiah equal Paradise Lost:--Paradise Regained, though far from being destitute of merit, is universally allowed to fall much below this work, and is acknowledged to be deficient in that unbounded invention, that beautiful machinery, and variety of characters, which distinguish the rigorous efforts of Mr. Klopstock's genius. The Messiah is formed upon an extensive and important plan, and includes the sufferings, death, and resurrection of Christ.
S E R M O N S. By the celebrated RICHARD PRICE, D. D. L. L. D. F. R. S. The Triumphs of Temper; A Poem in six Cantos. By WILLIAM HALEY, Esquire. Dr. Gregory's Legacy to his Daughter. Dr. Doddridge's Rise and Progress of Religion. Sheridan's Rhetorical Grammar. The Charms of Melody.--A new Song Book. Tarver's Travels through the interior Parts of America. Economy of Human Life. Webster's American Selection of Lessons, in reading and speaking. Webster's Institute, first and second Part. Pike's excellent system of Arithmetic. A few cts of Newton on the Prophecies. Edwards on the Affections. Do. History of Redemption, &c. &c.
Also, JUST IMPORTED, A number of very valuable B O O K S, Consisting of HISTORY, Divinity, Law, Philosophy, Mathematics, Biography, Geography, Poetry, Surgery, Agriculture, Nautical Books, Dictionaries, Architecture, Novels, Miscellanies, Plays, &c. &c. Also an excellent Assortment of STATIONARY. Genuine Writing Paper of different sizes and prices, Ledgers, Journals, Waste, Letter, and Blank Books of all sizes, Receipt Books, Bonnet and Cards, &c. &c. Wrapping Paper, Sealing-Wax, Wafers, Quills, Slates, Lead and slate Pencils, Penknives, elegant Shoe-buckles, Message Books, &c. &c. Commissions from the country are thankfully received, and carefully executed. 505
Wanted to Purchase IMMEDIATELY. OFFICER's and Soldier's Military Bounty Rights of land, both State and Continental--Also, a large Amount in Indents, Final Settlements, and Pickering's Notes, Apply at No. 196, Water-street. Starch and Hair-Powder, MANUFACTURED and Sold by Isaac & John Stoutenburgh, At the Corner of Greenwich and Dey-Streets, North-River. New-York RUM Of excellent Flavor and good Proof FOR SALE, By Charles Tillinghaft, At the DISTILLERY, near the New Market in Cherry Street.
Remaining on Hand, A Few MAPS,
Of the interior parts of North-America, including the lands intended for the NEW STATES, some of which are selling, and others already disposed of by order of Congress.
ORDERS are just received, by the printer hereof, to sell these Maps at a much cheaper rate than they have yet been sold. The plates were cut and the impressions taken in London, and there sold (without the pamphlet) at One Guinea each.
To accompany this map, and explanatory of it with references to it, will be sold, included in the price of the map, a pamphlet, containing 67 large octavo pages, with plates and figures, entitled, a Topographical Description of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North-Carolina, comprehending the rivers Ohio, Kenhawa, Sioto, Cheroke, Wabash, Illinois, Mississippi, &c. The climate, soil, and produce, whether animal, vegetable, or mineral; the mountains, creeks, roads, distances, latitudes, &c. and of every part, laid down in the Map. By THOMAS HUTCHINS, Esq. Late Captain and Engineer in the British army, and now Geographer General to the United States of America. With a plan of the rapids of the Ohio, a plan of the several villages in the Illinois country, a table of the distances between Fort Pitt and the mouth of the Ohio, all engraved upon copper.--And an Appendix, containing Mr. Patrick Kennedy's Journal up the Illinois river, and a correct list of the different nations and tribes of Indians, with the number of fighting men, &c.
Description of the ILLINOIS COUNTRY. THE Illinois country is in general of a superior soil to any other part of North America that I have seen. It produces fine oak, hickory, cedar, mulberry trees, &c. some dying roots and medicinal plants;--hops, and excellent wild grapes, and in the year 1769, one hundred and ten hogheads of strong wine, were made by the French settlers, from these grapes. A large quantity of fugax is also annually made from the juice of the maple tree; and as the mulberry trees are large and numerous, I presume the making of silk will employ the attention and industry of the settlers, when the country is more fully inhabited than it is at present, and especially as the winters are much more moderate and favourable for the breed of silk worms, than they are in many of the sea coast provinces. Indigo may likewise be successfully cultivated--(but not more than two cuts in a year) wheat, teas, and Indian corn thrive well, as does every sort of grain and pulse, that is produced in any of the old colonies. Great quantities of tobacco are also yearly raised by the inhabitants of the Illinois, both for their own consumption and that of the Indians; but little has hitherto been exported to Europe. Hemp grows spontaneously, and is of a good texture; its common height is 10 feet, and its thickness three inches (the latter reckoned within about a foot of the root) and with little labour, any quantity may be cultivated. Flax seed has hitherto been only raised in small quantities. There has however been enough produced to shew, that it may be grown to the greatest advantage. Apples, pears, peaches, and all other European fruits succeeded admirably. Iron, copper, and lead mines, as also salt springs, have been discovered in different parts of this territory. The two latter are worked on the Spanish side of the Mississippi, with considerable advantage to the owners. There is plenty of fish in the rivers, particularly Cat, Carp, and Perch, of an uncommon size.--Savannahs, or natural meadows, are both numerous and extensive; yielding excellent grass, and feeding great herds of buffalo, deer, &c. ducks, teal, geese, swans, cranes, pelicans, turkies, pheasants, partridges, &c. such as are seen in the sea coast Colonies, are in the greatest variety and abundance.--In short, every thing, that a reasonable mind can desire, is to be had, or may, with little pains, be produced here.
Masters & Owners of Vessels
Are hereby informed, THAT they may be supplied with cables, large or small, of any length, and cordage of all sizes, made of Petersburg hemp, first quality, at Ivey's Rope-walk, at the head of Mulberry-street, the first left hand turn above the Tea-Water Pump, on such favourable terms as to merit the attention of any gentleman that would wish to lay out his money to the best advantage. Cables spliced, with the addition of any length required, white rope of every sort for city or country use, hambro lines, deep sea lines, band lead lines, log lines, house lines, and marline, &c. &c. by H. IVERS, Ropemaker.
N. B. The above articles, whether in large or small quantities, will be delivered to any part of the city without expence of cartage to the buyer.
S H R U B.
Of the very best Quality, by the Hoghead, Barrel, or smaller Quantity, FOR SALE by Charles Tillinghaft, At his House, nearly opposite the New-Market in Cherry-street.
Just Published, And to be sold at this Printing-Office, The Heidelbergh Catechism; ALSO, The Mothers Catechism.
HUTCHINS'S MAP,
Of the interior Parts of AMERICA, The several GRAND DIVISIONS properly Distinguished by COLOURING, To sell at this OFFICE.
---LETTERS of INTELLIGENCE---occasional PARAGRAPHS---speculative PIECES---ESSAYS, &c.---are gratefully received at this OFFICE. For the greater CONVENIENCE and SAFETY of which COMMUNICATIONS, a LETTER BOX is placed in the Window. SUBSCRIPTIONS for this PAPER (printed ONCE a Week, at Two Dollars, per Annum) are also received here--and ADVERTISEMENTS, REASONABLY INSERTED. ** PRINTING, in all its Variety, Performed with NEATNESS and DISPATCH.