Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1790-12-11 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, MARKET-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 65, of Vol. II.]
SATURDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1790.
[Whole No. 169.]
PHILADELPHIA.
S P E E C H OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, TO BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS.
FELLOW CITIZENS OF THE SENATE, AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
IN meeting you again I feel much satisfaction in being able to repeat my congratulations on the favorable prospects which continue to distinguish our public affairs.—The abundant fruits of another year have blessed our country with plenty, and with the means of a flourishing commerce—The progress of public credit is witnessed by a considerable rise of American Stock abroad as well as at home—And the revenues allotted for this and other national purposes, have been productive beyond the calculations by which they were regulated—This latter circumstance is the more pleasing, as it is not only a proof of the fertility of our resources, but as it assures us of a further increase of the national respectability and credit; and let me add, as it bears an honorable testimony to the patriotism and integrity of the mercantile and marine part of the citizens—The punctuality of the former in discharging their engagements has been exemplary.
In conforming to the powers vested in me by the acts of the last session, a loan of three millions of florins, towards which some provisional measures had previously taken place, has been completed in Holland, as well the celerity with which it has been filled, as the nature of the terms (considering the more than ordinary demand for borrowing created by the situation of Europe) give a reasonable hope, that the further execution of those powers may proceed with advantage and success. The Secretary of the Treasury, has my direction to communicate such further particulars as may be requisite for more precise information.
Since your last sessions, I have received communications, by which it appears, that the district of Kentucky, at present a part of Virginia, has concurred in certain propositions contained in a law of that State; in consequence of which the district is to become a distinct member of the union, in case the requisite sanction of Congress be added—For this sanction application is now made—I shall cause the papers on this very important transaction to be laid before you.—The liberality and harmony with which it has been conducted, will be found to do great honor to both the parties; and the sentiments of warm attachment to the union and its present government, expressed by our fellow-citizens of Kentucky, cannot fail to add an affectionate concern for their particular welfare, to the great national impressions under which you will decide on the case submitted to you.
It has been heretofore known to Congress, that frequent incur sions have been made on our frontier settlements by certain banditti of Indians, from the northwest side of the Ohio: These, with some of the tribes dwelling on and near the Wabash, have of late been particularly active in their depredations; and being emboldened by the impunity of their crimes, and aided by such parts of the neighboring tribes as could be seduced to join in their hostilities, or afford them a retreat for their prisoners and plunder, they have, instead of listening to the humane invitations and overtures made on the part of the United States, renewed their violences with fresh alacrity and greater effect. The lives of a number of valuable citizens have thus been sacrificed, and some of them under circumstances peculiarly shocking, whilst others have been carried into a deplorable captivity.
These aggravated provocations rendered it essential to the safety of the Western Settlements, that the aggressors should be made sensible, that the government of the union is not less capable of punishing their crimes, than it is disposed to respect their rights, and reward their attachments. As this object could not be effected by defensive measures, it became necessary to put in force the act, which empowers the President to call out the militia for the protection of the Frontiers. And I have accordingly authorised an expedition, in which the regular troops in that quarter are combined with such draughts of militia as were deemed sufficient. The event of the measure is yet unknown to me. The Secretary of War is directed to lay before you a statement of the information on which it is founded, as well as an estimate of the expence with which it will be attended.
The disturbed situation of Europe, and particularly the critical posture of the great maritime powers, whilst it ought to make us more thankful for the general peace and security enjoyed by the United States, reminds us, at the same time of the circumspection with which it becomes us to preserve these blessings. It requires also that we should not overlook the tendency of a war, and even of preparations for war among the nations most concerned in active commerce with this country, to abridge the means, and thereby at least enhance the price of transporting its valuable productions to their proper markets. I recommend it to your serious reflections how far, and in what mode, it may be
expedient to guard against embarrassments from these contingencies, by such encouragements to our own navigation as will render our commerce and agriculture less dependent on foreign bottoms, which may fail us in the very moment most interesting to both of these great objects. Our fisheries, and the transportation of our own produce, offer us abundant means for guarding ourselves against this evil.
Your attention seems to be not less due to that particular branch of our trade which belongs to the Mediterranean. So many circumstances unite in rendering the present state of it distressful to us, that you will not think any deliberations misemployed which may lead to its relief and protection.
The laws you have already passed for the establishment of a Judiciary system, have opened the doors of justice to all descriptions of persons. You will consider in your wisdom, whether improvements in that system may yet be made; and particularly whether an uniform process of execution on sentences issuing from the Federal Courts, be not desirable through all the States.
The patronage of our commerce, of our merchants and seamen, has called for the appointment of Consuls in foreign countries. It seems expedient to regulate by law the exercise of that jurisdiction, and those functions which are permitted them, either by express convention, or by a friendly indulgence in the places of their residence. The Consular Convention too, with his Most Christian Majesty, has stipulated in certain cases, the aid of the national authority to his Consuls established here.—Some legislative provision is requisite, to carry these stipulations into full effect.
The establishment of the militia—a mint—of standards of weights and measures—the post-office and post-roads, are subjects, which (I presume) you will resume of course, and which are abundantly urged by their own importance.
GENTLEMEN OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
THE sufficiency of the revenues you have established for the objects to which they are appropriated, leaves no doubt that the residuary provisions will be commensurate to the other objects for which the public faith stands now pledged. Allow me moreover to hope that it will be a favorite policy with you not merely to secure a payment of the interest of the debt funded, but as far, and as fast as the growing resources of the country will permit, to exonerate it of the principal itself. The appropriation you have made of the Western Lands, explains your dispositions on this subject, and I am persuaded the sooner that valuable fund can be made, to contribute along with other means, to the actual reduction of the public debt, the more salutary will the measure be to every Public Interest, as well as the more satisfactory to our constituents.
GENTLEMEN OF THE SENATE, AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
IN pursuing the various and weighty business of the present session, I indulge the fullest persuasion that your consultations will be equally marked with wisdom, and animated by the love of your country. In whatever belongs to my duty, you shall have all the co-operation which an undiminished zeal for its welfare can inspire. It will be happy for us both, and our best reward, if by a successful administration of our respective trusts, we can make the established government more and more instrumental in promoting the good of our fellow citizens, and more and more the object of their attachment and confidence.
G. WASHINGTON.
United States, December 8th, 1790.
FRANCE. NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.
SEPTEMBER 9.
TUMULT AT ST. ETIENNE, IN FOREZ.
A number of people had assembled on the 4th instant, of which M. Birtheas was the ostensible cause.
The commandant sent a detachment of the National Guard to conduct M. Birtheas to the Guardhouse.—This detachment was followed by a very great croud of people of both sexes—it was feared the guard would be insufficient—it was accordingly doubled, and being even then not of sufficient strength, M. Birtheas , by way of safety was imprisoned.
He was accused of having monopolised corn.—To appease the people, his house was examined, in which there was found only a small quantity of corn. After this, the guards about the prison were almost dispersed, and the people were proceeding to break open the gates. Neither prayers nor entreaties could hinder them—they broke them open—seized M. Birtheas , and murdered him!
Next day (the 9th) the insurgents proceeded of their own accord, to the election of new Municipal Officers, and to make regulations respecting the prices of corn. On this a number
of citizens armed themselves, and proceeding against the insurgents, made a number of them prisoners, who were conducted to Lyons.
The assembly, remitted the process and punishment of this shameful business to the Tribunal of Lyons, who are charged to pursue all instigators and agents in this horrid affair with the most pointed severity of the laws.
M. de Sillery communicated to the assembly, intelligence, that in the plains of Jales, at the foot of the Cevennes, an army of 20,000 Gardes Nationales are assembled, headed by a troublesome priest named La Bastide , sword in hand, with a cross in his hat, who had made them take a sort of oath to set on foot a solemn Crusade for the reformation of abuses at Nismes.
SATURDAY, Oct. 2.
The Assembly proceeded to the order of the day, the discussion of the affair of the 6th of Oct.
Mr. Chabraud undertook the defence of Mr. d'Orleans , with great warmth and zeal, reading and commenting on several parts of the register of the police, which were favorable to Mr. d'Orleans . He also read some letters, complaining that the testimony of several persons of credit was not received.
Mr. d'Estournal demanded that these papers should be sent to the Chatelet.
Which was opposed by Mr. Mirabeau , who declared that he stood forward as the accuser of the Chatelet, which he would prosecute to his grave.
The proposition of Mr. d'Estournal was rejected.
Mr. Abbe Maury said, that in an affair of this sort, the Assembly should follow the strictest rules of justice—he therefore proposed to hear the accused first, if they wished to speak, then the witnesses, and afterwards such members of the Assembly as should desire to give their opinion on the measures the Assembly ought to take.
Mr. Goupil wished that such members as were witnesses should withdraw, and that those only who were disinterested should take part in the debate.
Mr. Mirabeau desired that an exception should be made in favor of those deputies, who having been summoned to give their testimony, declared they had nothing to depose.
The Abbe Maury then delivered a speech, in which he argued that the Assembly ought not to pronounce the absolution of Mr. d'Orleans . He said he should not oppose the decree that there is no ground of accusation against Mr. Mirabeau —there did not exist charges against him sufficiently strong to support the decision of the Chatelet, but that the situation of Mr. d'Orleans was different.
A Prince of the blood accused of being seen on the morning of the 6th of October, encouraging the assassins who massacred the gardes du corps, and attempted even the Queen, ought as a descendant worthy of Henry 4th, to prostrate himself in the sanctuary of justice; and to provoke its severest scrutiny; he declared that it was by such means also, he could clear up his innocence, and that his friends, and the friends of his reputation, ought to advise him to demand the vengeance of the tribunals.
Mr. Mirabeau then appeared in the tribunal, and declaimed with great warmth against the proceedings of the Chatelet, which he declared to be a monument that would attest to future ages the iniquity and anticipation of the judges of this tribunal. He then examined the different accusations which were made against him, and answered them all in a satisfactory manner.
Mr. Barnave undertook the defence of Messrs. d'Orleans and Mirabeau , both of whom he declared to be irreproachable; and it was the judgment of the Chatelet alone which merited the indignation of every good citizen.
The Assembly divided on the question, and declared the two deputies free from all inculpation.
SUNDAY, Oct. 3.
A letter was read from Mr. Silles , a young officer, who distinguished himself at Nanci, modestly thanking the Assembly for the eulogium they had bestowed upon him, and desiring that this might be considered less as the exercise of a virtue than as the performance of a duty.
A report was made to the Assembly of commotions in Languedoc, with information that the people of Carcassonne shewed a disposition to revolt.
The Assembly decreed, that the Executive power should be called upon to interpose, and with

some regular troops to put an end to these disturbances—Several decrees were also passed respecting the finances.
Mr. d'Orleans (the late Duke) delivered a speech in exculpation of himself. He observed, that as the Assembly had, the day before, decreed that there was no ground to accuse him, so it remained only for him to prove that there was no ground even to suspect him.
MONDAY, Oct. 4.
A letter from the marine minister gave information, that the fermentation at Brest, which was thought to have been appeased, subsisted still; that he had discharged the crew of the Leopard, who had individually received from the General Assembly of St. Domingo, a certificate that they were the Saviours of that colony, and that the municipality of Brest had struck medals in their favor, which were distributed among the crew.
The Assembly ordered this letter to the Colonial Committee, and directed that the President should write to the municipality of Brest, in order to put a stop to the delivery of the medals.
PARIS, Sept. 19.
Extract of a letter from Marseilles, August, 30.
"A large Spanish ship armed, en flute , loaded with cordage and all kinds of naval stores, from Cadiz, bound to Carthagena, was taken just as she passed through the gut of Gibraltar, the beginning of this month, by an Algerine Rover of 56 guns. After a very desperate action of thirteen glasses, she was carried into Algiers. They fought with equal bravery a long time, and were most of the time within pistol shot of each other, which caused an horrid slaughter on both sides, particularly among the pirates, who were repulsed twice in attempting to board, with the loss of near 100 men cut to pieces."
"Notwithstanding this dreadful carnage, the Barbarians made a third attempt with such irresistible fury, that, in spite of all resistance, they became conquerors. The people on board the Spanish ship behaved with the greatest bravery, and fought with a surprising resolution. It is said, that the Captain and part of the crew were Irish, and that the former was killed by a lance in the heat of the action. The Pirates suffered prodigiously in officers and men, having had all the former killed, and most of the latter wounded; and their ship was so much pierced and shattered, that she sunk as she was towing into Algiers."
"Three days before, the above pirate was attacked by two armed ships of 18 guns each, under Russian colours, which she beat off, after a very severe conflict of an hour and twenty minutes. In this action she had her fore-topmast carried away, and her rigging materially damaged."
"She was very audacious, and fought all the time under the Algerine bloody flag."
LONDON, Sept. 25.
The information communicated by the African Society is equally interesting to the philosopher, and the merchant. The former will rejoice that while Mr. Bruce is publishing his description of Abyssinia, and other eastern parts, and M. Gordon, another Scotch gentleman, who is Dutch Governor at the Cape, is preparing his journey from the land of the Hottentots through Caffraria, the munificence and discernment of this English Association has used, and is still using, the properest means for exploring the great northern mass of Africa, and discovering the secrets of those vast inland provinces, which have hitherto been considered as inaccessible. The attention and enterprise of the merchant will be excited to the discovery of a new and boundless market, an hundred millions of Africans eagerly coveting his commodities, for which they can make him the most valuable returns; but, not able at present to obtain them, except by the land conveyance of 3000 miles from the Mediterranean, subjected to the complicated disadvantages of a high price, inferior quality, and various exactions from the despotic governments of Barbary. Yet, from the highest reaches of the Gambia, the English trader might arrive, by a journey of some hundreds of miles from his ships, to the same markets, which the Fezzans find it their interest to frequent, notwithstanding the above inconveniencies; a new prospect of commercial intercourse, the most magnificent that the history of the world has ever at any time presented.
QUEEN OF FRANCE.
There are now circulating in the fashionable circles of this country, private Memoirs of her Majesty of France. We have been favored with the sight of a copy; they are printed at a private press, and evidently drawn up by a master's hand, and one deeply in the secret: allowing party or prejudice, or perhaps a sense of private injuries, to have aggravated matters, there still remains a complication of intrigue, political as well as amorous enough to have justified a dozen revolutions.
The Duke de Cologny, of whom we now hear so little, was it seems, for many years the private spring which regulated the vast machine of France. We venture now to expatiate on particulars, because no English Jury has at present determined that truth is no libel. Some intercepted letters are also printed in the above publication betwixt
Zephyr and Flora;—more tender or impassioned compositions were hardly ever seen. Zephyr is an officer of high rank in the Swedish service, and who Flora is our readers may guess: much light is also thrown upon the mysterious affair of the necklace, which seems destined to undergo still farther investigation.
MIRABEAU, in one of his last speeches, said, "For these twenty, or five and twenty years past my wrongs and my services, my misfortunes and my successes, have engraved upon my heart the most profound attachment to liberty. Fifty-four Lettres de Cachet have been issued against my family, of seventeen of which I myself have been the object."
Lunardi has had another narrow escape of his life at Palermo. He went up from thence in a balloon, which carried him out to sea, where he was obliged to descend, and was very near being drowned, having scarce any remains of life, when some fishermen came and took him up.
Extract of a letter from Stockholm, Sept. 3.
"The peace which was signed at Verelæ on the 14th ult. not being proclaimed for some days afterwards, the 18th, was near producing one of the most obstinate battles at Swenska Sound, that ever was fought on that memorable spot. The Prince of Nassau having fixed on that day to attack his Majesty's fleet, advanced in order of battle, and continued so to do, notwithstanding every representation that could be made to him, as well by his own officers as by repeated flags of truce from the Swedish fleet. He returned for answer, that he had as yet received no orders from the Empress to suspend hostilities; things were in this situation; the two fleets in order of battle, at a very little distance out of gun-shot, and the Russian fleet advancing, when the courier arrived from Petersburg. Prince Nassau acknowledged the receipt of it by a flag of truce, and thus, those who, a few minutes before, were on the eve of a most serious and bloody conflict, became friends in an instant, and mutually congratulated each other on the event. The King landed in the Royal Barge, accompanied by the officers of the fleet, and being arrived at the Camp, the two armies were drawn up opposite to each other, and fired a feu de joy . After this the Russian General Igelstrom came to pay his compliments to his Majesty, and had the honor of presenting General Bergman, the Cossack General Denisow, Prince Kergis of the Chinese Tartars, Volunteer in the army, and all the superior Russian officers.—Prince Nassau was not observed to be among them. Te Deum was then sung, and the two armies returned public thanks to God for restoring the blessings of peace, each according to their respective mode of worship. After which, his Majesty, in a most gracious and manly speech, thanked his army for their exertions during the war, their loyalty to him, and fidelity to their country. He then produced and read a list of promotions etc. — — — — —"
The victorious standards of Charles the twelfth (many of which still exist in the old regiments) were then furled, never to be again displayed till war shall call them forth. His Majesty conducted the Russian officers to the Royal Pavilion, where a splendid entertainment was prepared. the Empress of Russia's health was drank under a general discharge of artillery; the Russian officers returning the compliment by drinking his Swedish Majesty's health, with the said accompaniment. During this time the dreary appearance of trenches and outworks, between the two camps, was agreeably changed into a most regular garden: the soldiers having transplanted large trees for that purpose from the neighbouring woods; these were illuminated at night, and the names of Catherine and Gustavus shone conspicuously on every branch. The soldiers of both armies promiscuously partook of the refreshments the King's bounty had ordered for them. The various dresses of the Cossacks and Tartars on the one side, and the Laplanders and Dalecarlians on the other, giving the whole the appearance of a masquerade. The illumination was in the end rendered, compleat by the combustion of the artificial forest, in one general blaze; and the evening concluded with the greatest harmony and festivity."
Extract of a letter from Paris, Sept. 19.
"Since my last, the aspect of things in this city continues the same; the same clouds throw a gloom over the political horizon, and the animosity of party prevails in the same, if not in a greater degree.—The factions in the National Assembly not only address the most severe and indecent things to the opposite party directly, but throw out the most envenomed sarcasms in conversation among themselves. When Count Mirabeau on Friday was defending his system of Assignats, I was in the gallery, over the right, or aristocratic side of the Assembly, and heard one of them say, "Very well, indeed, Mirabeau has had a bribe of a million for saying that;" and when the galleries applauded more loudly than usual, "they generally get only forty sous for clapping," said another; "to day I suppose they are paid three livres." But things never went to so great a length in the French Senate, as they did last evening, when a deputation of the people of Liege was introduced. A dispute arising about a question of form, and one of the
Aristocrats not submitting quietly to the censure of the President, M. Alexander Lameth told them in general, that they would at last wear out the patience of the nation, and that they ought to tremble for the fatal consequences their conduct would draw upon themselves. "Does it not seem, answered M. Murinas, that we are all threatened with the halter!" And it seemed so indeed, for the people of the gallery supposing from the violence of the dispute, that it could not end without blows, were preparing to come to the assistance of the popular party, and some of them had already got a leg over the balustrade. Even the King, who for some time past has quietly acquiesced in all the steps taken by the Assembly, begins to shew some symptoms of discontent. When he was informed of the last decree concerning the Royal Parks, he said, "There would be no occasion for his giving his assent, as he was determined to hunt no more; and immediately gave orders to sell his hunting equipage. To-day, upon being told of the deputation by the Assembly, that the nation would regret any privation he might undergo, he answered, "That he had not hunted for this twelve-months past; that there was no appearance that he should soon hunt again, as he should not follow the sports of the field until his mind should be more at ease."
UNITED STATES.
NEW-YORK, Dec. 4.
Extract of a letter from Great-Ogeechee, (Georgia), October 23.
"Since the completion of the treaty with the Creeks, all has been very quiet, unless we except some ill natured state bickerings and heart burnings amongst ourselves, chiefly occasioned by a few influential men, who find themselves great losers by a general act of common justice towards the Indians. These, however, we expect will subside by degrees; notwithstanding the formidable combination in a certain part of the State. As to the Creeks, Siminoles, and other nations adjoining our western frontier, nothing is clearer to me than that, so far from being injurious to us, they may henceforward be made useful to the real interests of this State, provided the faith of treaties be observed.—They now show every disposition to copy our manners, arts, agriculture, and mode of living; and if they will not become sincere converts to, and believers of our holy religion, we can have the less reason to complain at the disappointment; as, from our general conduct, it is very evident we do not believe it ourselves.—As an advantageous commerce with the Creeks, &c. is an object of some consideration, and is likely to become more and more so, now is the time for settling our sea coast, and by that means commanding the whole western commerce.—Nothing will civilize and humane the wild natives sooner, or in a more effectual manner, than a commercial intercourse; it is by this means, too, that the whole of their fine country will in process of time, fall into our hands without violence; while in the interim we shall be able to live in quiet, without fortifying our dwelling houses and making ourselves and negroes prisoners therein, as was the case a year or two ago with the widow Savage, and others, who actually kept up military duty in their houses, and became soldiers and heroines from necessity."
FREDERICK-TOWN, Dec. 4.
On Friday, the 26th of last month, was executed at Winchester, pursuant to his sentence, Doctor James Medlicott, late an inhabitant of that town. A guard of twenty-six men, appointed for the purpose, conveyed him to the gallows; where after hanging eleven minutes, he was taken down, and buried in his own yard.
Late accounts from the Mississippi positively mention—That the Spaniards have erected a fort at the Walnut-Hills, and garrisoned it with a considerable number of troops, and that they are determined to oppose the settlement intended to be made there by Col. Holder, and a number of Kentuckians, under the auspices of the Georgians.—That, in consequence of this, many of the Kentuckians are embodying, and intend marching down, shortly, to dispose of them of that valuable situation; and, that this being the case, it was the general opinion, that war with our neighbours must inevitably be the consequence.
A Charleston paper mentions an Orphan House having been lately instituted in that City, which already contains sixty-three Orphan children, clothed, maintained, and educated on its bounty.—
PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES.
FUNDED DEBT.
  6 pr. Cents 24/1. —14 3/4. pr. £. or 71 pr. cent.   3 pr. Cents 7/6 —7 1/2. or 37 1/2 do.   Deferred 6 pr. Cents 6/6 —6 3/8. 33 3/4 do. 
UNFUNDED DEBT.
  Final Sett. and other Certificates 12 1/2 —13 3/4. 65 do.   Indents 2/6 —7 1/2. 37 1/2 do.   State debts —8/9. 42 do. 

CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 8.
MR. GROUT, Mr. Tucker, Mr. White, Mr. Gerry, and Mr. Moore, took their seats this day.
A message was received from the Senate by Mr. Otis, their Secretary, informing the House, that the Senate is now ready to meet them in the Senate Chamber, to receive THE PRESIDENT of the United States, and such communications as he may be pleased to make—and that seats are provided for the Members accordingly.
The Speaker (preceded by the Serjeant at Arms with his Mace) attended by the Members, proceeded to the Senate-Chamber. About 12 o'clock The President of the United States arrived, accompanied by the Secretary of State, the Secretary at War, the Attorney-General, Mr. Secretary Lear, and his Aids—when he was pleased to make the following Speech.—[See first page.]
The President then retired—and the Members of the House returned to their Hall, where the Speaker laid before them a copy of the Speech, which was read by the Clerk.
On motion of Mr. Williamson, it was voted, that the Speech of The President of the United States to both Houses of Congress, be referred to a committee of the whole House—and be made the order of the day for to-morrow.
Mr. Williamson, then moved that two Chaplains of different denominations, be appointed—one for each House—to interchange weekly—which motion was carried in the affirmative—and the Clerk directed to inform the Senate.
Mr. Seney presented the petition of John Carllile, an officer of the late continental army—which was read, and referred to the Secretary of the Treasury.
The petitions of Jacob Bell, and John Lewis were, on motion of Mr. Lawrance, referred to the Secretary of the Treasury—and the petition of Francis Ackley, to the Secretary at War.
A committee was appointed, consisting of Mr. Sherman, Mr. Williamson, and Mr. Clymer, to bring in a bill to establish the Post-Office and Post-Roads in the United States.
Mr. Williamson, after some introductory observations on the importance of diffusing information among the people, and the utility of newspapers for that purpose, moved, That the Clerk of the House be directed to furnish each of the Members with three of the public newspapers printed in this city, at their own election—the papers to be left at their respective lodgings.—Laid on the table. Adjourned.
THURSDAY, Dec. 9.
Mr. Matthews, and Mr. Jackson, took their seats this day.
The Order of the Day being called for, The House resolved itself into a committee of the whole to take into consideration the Speech of the President of the United States to both Houses, when
Mr. Livermore took the Chair.
On motion of Mr. Lawrance, the committee adopted the following resolution,
Resolved, That it is the opinion of this committee, that an Address ought to be presented by the House to the President of the United States, in answer to his Speech to both Houses, with assurances that this House will, without delay, proceed to take into consideration the various and important matters, recommended to their attention.
The above resolution being agreed to by the House, the following Members were appointed to prepare the Address—Mr. Madison, Mr. Ames, and Mr. Tucker.
Mr. Williamson's motion, respecting newspapers, which was laid on the table yesterday, was read, and taken into consideration.
Mr. Fitzsimons said, he hoped the resolution would not be agreed to: The subject, said he, has frequently been discussed—and much expense of time has been incurred. For his own part he knew of no reasons which existed that should induce the House, at this session, to deviate from former practice, and the custom which had always been observed by the old Congress—debating the subject would probably be attended with as much expense, as taking the papers in the usual way.
Mr. Madison offered some objections to the motion: He was in favor of taking the whole of the publications, or none—as taking a part would be giving a preference to particular presses, and would favor of partiality.
Mr. Williamson supported the motion: He begged gentlemen to consider, that if no limitation was to be set to the number of newspapers, what the expense might amount to. He said he did not know the exact number printed in the city, whether ten or fifteen; but if Congress made it a rule to take all that was, or might be printed, they may be encreased to a hundred—and after the encrease of the house, by the addition to the representation, it will be worth while for a printer to set up a paper merely to supply Congress. He said he was disposed to give encouragement to the press, in printing Books—which would be really advantageous to the country, by rendering importations unnecessary; but as to newspapers, they are a species of printing, which dies with the day.—He mentioned the number of papers formerly taken by the House, among which were some (said he) that were never read by any body.—He was for limiting the number, and therefore had mentioned three—still he was not tenacious of that number; but whatever else was determined in the business, he thought there ought to be a limitation.
Mr. Livermore said he should vote for the resolution—which being put, was carried in the affirmative—22 to 15.
A message was received from the Senate, informing that they have concurred in the resolution of the House for the appointment of Chaplains—and have on their part appointed the Right Reverend Bishop White.
On motion of Mr. Smith, tomorrow was assigned by the House, for the election of a Chaplain—The Rev. Dr. Blair, and the Rev. Mr. Green were nominated.
A message was received from the President of the United States, by Mr. Secretary Lear, with the papers mentioned in his Speech, respecting the admission of Kentucky as a Member of the Union.
The message and papers were read by the Clerk of the House.—The papers contain a copy of the proceedings of a Convention in Kentucky—and a Memorial from the same, to the President and Congress of the United States.
Mr. Benson gave notice that he should move for a committee to be appointed to bring in a bill or bills, for determining the time of choosing electors in the several States, of President, and Vice-President—also determining, in case of vacancy of the office of President and Vice-President, by death, or absence from the seat of government, who shall exercise the office of President.
On motion a committee was appointed, consisting of Mr. Fitzsimons, Mr. Goodhue, and Mr. Lee, to bring in a bill to amend the act for registering ships and vessels, and regulating the coasting trade, and for other purposes.
A letter was received from the Secretary at War, addressed to the Speaker, accompanying sundry papers respecting the Western Expedition, and the expenses attending the same.
On motion of Mr. Williamson, a committee was appointed, consisting of Mr. White, Mr. Seney, and Mr. Baldwin, to bring in a bill to amend the act to promote the progress of the useful arts. Adjourned.
FRIDAY, Dec. 10.
Mr. Simickson, Mr. Partridge, Mr. Smith, (M.) Mr. Trumbull, and Mr. Wadsworth, took their seats this day.
The order of the day being called for, the house proceeded to ballot for a Chaplain. The ballots being collected, there appeared for Mr. Blair, 25; for Mr. Green, 16. The Speaker accordingly declared the former chosen.
Mr. Benson, agreeable to notice, introduced a motion to the following purport, That a committee be appointed to bring in a bill or bills for determining, agreeable to the Constitution, the time of choosing electors of President and Vice-President after the expiration of the 3d March, 1793.
Likewise to determine who or what officer shall exercise the office of President in case of vacancy; also to provide for the opening an office at the seat of government, to receive the votes of the electors of President and Vice-President.
Mr. Lee moved that this motion should lie on the table for further consideration, previous to its being committed. This motion being put, was lost; and Messrs. Benson, Heifer, Huntington, Moore and Partridge were appointed the committee.
The reading of the papers communicated by the Secretary at War, relative to the expedition against the Indians, being called for, the clerk attended that business.
These papers contained particulars of the depredations committed by the Indians, on the frontiers, for almost a year past, communicated in a series of accounts from private persons, public characters, and bodies, in letters, memorials and representations, to the President of the United States, the Secretary at War, &c.
The Clerk then read an estimate of the expenses attending the expedition against the Wabash nation, and the banditti of Indians; 1500 militia and about 400 Federal Troops, are employed on this occasion. The amount of the expense is estimated at one hundred thousand dollars.
The instructions of the President of the United States to Gov. St. Clair, and the letters from the Secretary at War to Gen. Harmer, were then read.
On motion of Mr. Sherman, a committee was appointed to bring in a bill, more effectually to provide for the national defence, by establishing a uniform militia throughout the United States. And Messrs Gilman, Groot, Wadsworth, Floyd, P. Muhlenberg, Boudinot, Smith, (M.) Bloodworth, Smith, (S. C.) and Jackson, were appointed the committee.
A message was received from the Senate informing the House that the President of the United States having received a communication from the President and commonality of the city of Paris, had thought proper to lay the same before the Senate, who had directed their Secretary to bring them to the House. The letter from the President and commonality of Paris was accompanied with 26 printed copies of an eulogium on Dr. Franklin.
Mr. Madison of the committee appointed to prepare an address,
in answer to the speech of the President of the United States, brought in a report which was read.
Mr. Williamson moved, that this Address be referred to a committee of the whole house, and made the order of the day for to-morrow, which motion was adopted.
Mr. Lawrance moved that a number of copies be printed, for the use of the house; this motion was seconded by Mr. Jackson; Mr. Williamson objected, he said that inconveniences had resulted from printing reports of committees in times past; in their immature state they had found the way into the newspapers, and been mistaken for the decisions of the house.
Mr. Jackson observed that the address contained matters of very great importance, which rendered it necessary that every member should have a copy before him; he could see no inconvenience that would arise, even if it should be published in the papers; it might give rise to observations without doors, which might not be unworthy the attention of the house.
He saw no danger of any mistake's arising from publishing reports of their committees—they were easily distinguished from the acts of the Legislature. But in the present instance, he saw no necessity for its being inserted in the news-papers, because it happened to be printed for the use of the House; nor did he second the motion with such a design.
It being observed by Mr. Boudinot, that it had not been customary to print the report of the committee on similar occasions, the motion was withdrawn. Adjourned till to-morrow.
Philadelphia, Dec. 11.
A CORRESPONDENT observes, That the encrease of the import duty exceeds even the most sanguine expectation of the friends to government: Those gloomy souls who predicted that the last year's importation of goods was more than the country would want in seven years, may be told, that their predictions are unfounded; that the great increase of people in the back country will naturally increase the importations for many years to come; nor is there a doubt that Agriculture alone will amply repay the cost of all these imports.
The amount of duties for the three months ending Sept. 30 last, in the port of Philadelphia, is 199,000. The amount of duties for the same period, in the port of New-York, is 218,346.
Our country may justly be felicitated on the favorable aspect of its public affairs. Agreeable to the speech of the President of the United States to both Houses of Congress, the people more than realize all the anticipations of the friends to the government; now happily established; and what adds to the pleasure of the contemplation is, that our civil rulers appear to derive the highest satisfaction from the success of public measures, and the peace and freedom of their constituents.
Extract of a letter from Boston, to the Editor, dated Nov. 29.
"Our great and good Citizen Mr. Bowdoin has paid the debt of nature.—As in his life, so in his death, he exhibited a native firmness of mind, which shews his character better than the plaudits of a world.—Seeing the King, that comes to many arrayed in terrors, fast approaching, he preferred his faith and philosophy —regulated the concerns of his family—bid them each a paternal adieu—and then wished for nothing but that the stroke of the "conqueror" might be speedy. His superior he has not left behind him in Massachusetts, to say no more. His fame was of that species which not being demanded, or eagerly sought after, was more freely, and genuinely celebrated:—it was not sullied by oblation, chicane, or those popular arts, which, in some nations, have made weak and unworthy men popular—it was deserved, without an undue solicitude to secure it—and it will last, when thousands, who built their's on deception, will be forgotten."
Extract of a letter from Dr. James Anderson, Editor of the BEE* to a Bookseller in New-York, dated in Edinburgh, Oct. 1.
"I was highly flattered lately by a letter from Mr. Washington, President of the United States, much approving the plan, and proffering his countenance to the forwarding of my intended work, the BEE. I have had also letters from many eminent men on the same subject, and no exertion on my part shall be spared to render it deserving the notice of those who shall be so kind as to countenance it."
"I hear with pleasure of the prosperity of your rising states, and shall ever be happy to contribute my mite to augment their prosperity. Narrow-minded persons there are here who too often think the prosperity of others, diminishes their own; I am not one of those. Could the happy time ever arrive, when mankind in general should become truly wise, we should then see them emulously contending, who should be foremost in promoting the welfare of each other; but that era we must not hope to see: we may, however, wish for it, and make approximations towards it. Among other particulars, it gives me pleasure to learn that your universities are flourishing, and the number of students annually advancing; should any liberal person on your side the Atlantic, take the trouble to give me accurate information in these respects, I shall be proud to communicate it here, which many others are averse to do."
*(The plan of this periodical work is upon such liberal principles as must procure it a more general circulation than any work of the same nature hitherto attempted; and the character of the editor as a man of learning and abilities must render the publication highly interesting wherever knowledge is sought after and science revered.) (G. Adv.)
In a former number of the Gazette of the United States we published a sketch of the plan of the above work, which we now have the pleasure to inform the public will be published next month. Subscriptions for which are received by Mr. SAMUEL CAMPBELL, Bookseller, New-York. Terms of subscription are 2s. 6d. 3s. 3d. and 4s. Sterl. (according to the quality of the paper) per volume, nine volumes to be published annually; subscriptions taken in by the vol. only—and no separate numbers sold.
IMPROMPTU.
KENTUCKY to the Union given— VERMONT will make the balance even; Still PENNSYLVANIA holds the scales, And neither South or North prevails.
BOARDING.
Mrs. Johannah Van Brugh Ursin
has taken a House for the accommodation of Gentlemen and Ladies, and will make it agreeable to those that will honor her with their company.—Second-Street, opposite the New-Market, No. 209.

The STUDENT.—No. II.
BY SIMON SEARCHER.
POETRY has for some time past been my favorite study, in so much, that I have been obliged to check my propensity to read and imitate the Poets, and only allow myself their company, by way of relaxation after more abstruse thinking: Thus may the Student in the hours of amusement, gain both virtue and knowledge, for such is the aim of this noble art. The harmony of verse affects me in the same manner as the cadence of a fine voice, or instrument of music; either has the power of relieving the mind when agitated by passion, or too intense application; but Poetry has the advantage of leaving the spirits not only harmonized, but enriched by additional ideas. It may be said that Poetry often agitates, and appears to distress. It is true. The true Poet will always have such absolute power over his reader as to give him pleasure and pain at will; but the painful sensations arising from poetic fictions must be of that kind which I have heard called pleasing: Let any one recollect his sensations at the recital of a good tragedy; our distress often amounts to sighs and tears; yet it is pleasing: Whence arises this seeming contradiction? I imagine, in the first place, from a consciousness that we are distressed by our own consent. Secondly, if we do become entirely lost and carried out of ourselves by the Poet's art, it is but momentary, and when we recollect that it is all an unreal mockery, we are pleased with that art which could enchant us out of our senses; we are pleased with the person possessing that art, and with ourselves for feeling the woes of others.—After repeated awakenings, the continuation of the illusion is by an effort of our own, aiding the poet.
The joint power of Poetry and Music, a modern can have but little idea of from experience; I have been present at Concerts and Oratorio's, confessedly of the first reputation in Europe; but the word was in most instances but a vehicle to the sound, sense was sacrificed. The Greeks and Hebrews I believe enjoyed their union in a very high degree: Their natural tendency to unite, must appear at the slightest view: How great is the power of each art separately! What must the effect be when united in perfection! Such is the music of Heaven.
I have been insensibly led into these reflections—intending when I took my pen, only to introduce the following extract from a Poem entitled SPRING, put into my hands by a fellow-Student, in order to obtain my opinion, which it seems is of more weight with the young man than it deserves: He has given his consent to the publication of that which follows, as I tell him that our fellow-Students who read the Gazette of the United States, will perhaps give him some hints that may be of use to his future compositions.
Describing the breaking up of Winter, and its effects, he thus proceeds—
THE Sun now gaining pow'r, drives the pale snow, Dissolv'd, in torrents from the mountain tops; Fast rushing to the plain they join, and stream, Pouring a deluge on the fields around. The rivers swell and pass their fixed bounds. The low'ring Heav'ns, dress'd in black'ning horrors, Spread desolation o'er the weeping world, Yet seem to mourn her sorrows. Often now When fable night descends, mantled in clouds And storms, and treble darkness not her own, The wind loud howls, the torrent roars. Upon the humble roof, forc'd by the gale, The rain and hail patter. Lull'd by the sound, The MILLER, weary, warm, and self secure, Unheeded, hears the warfare over head; Till swell'd and swelling, with resistless force The Waters bear away the mounded Dam.— He starts—half sleeping prays. The timbers fall Clattering. Crush'd, immingled with the ruin, The sweepy deluge bears the Man away.
In such a night at this, in such a storm, Forc'd from thy cot, where rural plenty reign'd, With rural elegance and heavenly love; Didst thou AMANDA, weeping take thy way. WILLIAM, thy love, thy husband and thy pride, Had arm'd in haste, and join'd a daring band, To fight for those he held more dear than life His lov'd AMANDA and her lovely Babes. Alas! She knew not that her WILLIAM fell, Leading the valiant corps. Angels of mercy Wafted wide the voice of busy fame— Forc'd by the Briton's desolating hand, She from the flames had snatch'd her little ones. While truely Tom, grown grey in honest service (Who slav'ry knew but by the hated name) Bore in those arms, where WILLIAM once was borne, His pretty Babes. Thus to the warring winds And elements she flies for refuge from Less-pitying Man.—Bare to the rain, expos'd
Her auburn Tresses. The rapid torrent Roars across their road: See they mount the Bridge! The faithless Bridge, swept by the flood, gives way! My CHILDREN! Oh, my CHILDREN! she exclaims; My WILLIAM! Oh, my WILLIAM!—
And lo! where WILLIAM comes with glory crown'd, To meet his faithful fair. Patriot souls Around him tune their Harps to everlasting Bliss. AMANDA, and her little ones, all Entranc'd in joys seraphic, join the song, "Glory to God!" they sing, "and praise to all Who shed their blood to shield mankind from woe." Thy soul poor Tom! free'd from its earthly clog Shows glorious; bright in faithfulness and love. Such is the patriot's lot—joys aye unmixt; And such the lot of innocence and truth.
Ebenezer Hazard,
At No. 128, in Second Street, between Race and Vine Streets, BUYS AND SELLS ALL KINDS OF
PUBLIC SECURITIES.
N. B. Persons having Business to transact at the Public Offices, may be assisted, or have their Business done for them (without the trouble and expence of a personal attendance) on very moderate Terms. November 29.
IMPERIAL, HYSON, SOUCHONG, and BOHEA
TEAS;
REFINED SUGARS, COFFEE, and SPICES, &amp;c.
Of the first Quality—by Retail,
No. 17,
Third-Street, between Chestnut and Market-Streets.
JOHN FRANCIS,
Late of New-York, respectfully informs the public, that he has opened a
Commodious Boarding House,
No. 53, FOURTH-STREET, one door from Race-Street, WHERE Gentlemen may be accommodated with GENTLE BOARDING AND LODGING, By the Week, Month, or Year, and on the most moderate terms. Phila. Nov. 20, 1790.—[2aw.gm.]
MASSACHUSETTS STATE LOTTERY.
THE Managers of the STATE LOTTERY, present the Public with the First Class of the Massachusetts Semi-annual State Lottery, which will commence drawing in the Representatives' Chamber, in Boston, on the Seventeenth of March next, or sooner, if the Tickets shall be disposed of.
SCHEME.
NOT TWO BLANKS TO A PRIZE.
25,000 Tickets, at Five Dollars each, are 125,000 Dollars, to be paid in the following Prizes, subject to a deduction of twelve and an half per cent. for the use of the Commonwealth.
   Prizes. of Dollars. is Dollars.     1 10000 are 10000   2 3000 6000   3 2000 6000   6 1000 6000   10 500 5000   30 200 6000   80 100 8000   90 50 4500   100 40 4000   120 30 3600   161 20 3220   200 10 2000   7585 8 60680  
8588 Prizes. 16612 Blanks.
125000
25000. TICKETS may be had of the several Managers, who will pay the Prizes on demand—of the TREASURER of the Commonwealth—of JAMES WHITE, at his Book-Store, Franklin's-Head, Court-Street, and at other places as usual.
BENJAMIN AUSTIN, jun.
DAVID COBB,
SAMUEL COOPER,
GEORGE R. MINOT,
JOHN KNEELAND,
Managers.
Boston, July 28, 1790.
At the INTELLIGENCE-OFFICE,
No. 208, in MARKET, above 6th STREET, South side,
WILL be negotiated all kinds of PAPER-MONEY and
Public Securities,
BUSINESS transacted in public offices in the city, and such Paper-Money and Certificates furnished, as will make payment at the Land Office equal to Gold and Silver.
MONEY borrowed or loaned, and BILLS, BONDS, and NOTES of HAND discounted.
HOUSES, Farms, Lands, and Lots, bought and sold, let or leased, and Houses, Rooms, Boarding and Lodging procured for Strangers, or others.
BOOK-KEEPERS, Clerks, School-Masters, Waiters, Nurses, Seamstresses, Chamber and other Maids, and those of other professions, who come well recommended, may hear of employ; and Employers be supplied, by applying to
FRANCIS WHITE.
Dealer in Paper Money, and Public Securities.
COLLEGE OF PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 1st, 1790.
LAW LECTURES.
THE Hon. Judge WILSON, PROFESSOR of LAWS in the College and Academy of Philadelphia, will deliver his Introductory Lecture in the public HALL, on Wednesday the 15th of this Month, at 6 o'Clock in the Evening. Those Gentlemen who propose to attend the Lectures are requested to signify their intentions soon, that the necessary Preparations may be made for their accommodation. By Order of the Faculty of the College,
WILLIAM ROGERS, Secretary.
PLAN OF THE Gazette of the United States: (A NATIONAL PAPER.)
Published at the Seat of the NATIONAL GOVERNMENT, Comprising
I. EARLY and authentic accounts of the Proceedings of Congress—Its Laws, Acts, and Resolutions, communicated so as to form an history of the transactions of the national government.
II. Impartial Sketches of the Debates of Congress.
III. Essays on the great subjects of Government; also upon the local and national rights of the American citizens, as founded upon the national or state Constitutions; and upon every other subject, which may appear suitable for newspaper discussion.
IV. A series of Paragraphs, calculated to catch the "living manners as they rise," and to point the public attention to objects that have an important reference to domestic, social and public happiness.
V. The Interests of the United States as connected with their literary Institutions; religious and moral objects; improvements in Science, Arts, EDUCATION and HUMANITY; their foreign treaties, alliances, connections, &c.
VI. Every species of Intelligence which may affect the commercial, agricultural, manufacturing, or political interests of the American nation.
VII. A chain of Domestic Occurrences.
VIII. A series of foreign articles of Intelligence.
IX. The state of the Funds; Courses of Exchange; Prices Current.
CONDITIONS.
Published every WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY.
The price to subscribers, (exclusive of postage) THREE DOLLARS per annum.
The first semi-annual payment to be made at the time of subscribing: The second at the end of the year.
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To the PUBLIC.
AT this important crisis, the ideas that fill the mind, are pregnant with events of the greatest magnitude—to strengthen and complete the union of the States—to extend and protect their commerce—to explore and arrange the national funds—to restore and establish the public credit—will require the energies of the patriots and sages of our country—Hence the propriety of increasing the mediums of knowledge and information.
AMERICA, from this period begins her national existence—"THE WORLD IS ALL BEFORE HER"—the wisdom and folly—the misery and prosperity of the empires, states, and kingdoms, which have had their day upon the great theatre of time, and are now no more, suggest the most important mementos—these, with the rapid series of events, in which our country has been involved, have taught the enlightened citizens of the United States, that freedom and government—liberty and laws, are inseparable.
This conviction led to the adoption of the new constitution; for however various the sentiments, respecting the merits of this system, all GOOD MEN are agreed in the necessity of an efficient federal government.
A paper, therefore, established upon national, independent, and impartial principles—which shall take up the promised articles, upon a competent plan, it is presumed, will be highly interesting, and meet with public approbation and patronage.
The Editor of this publication is determined to leave no avenue of information unexplored:—He solicits the assistance of persons of leisure and abilities—which, united with his own assiduity, he flatters himself will render the Gazette of the United States not unworthy general encouragement—and is, with due respect, the public's humble servant, THE EDITOR. April 15, 1790.
THIS publication commenced with the present government of the United States:—Its principal objects are comprised in the above plan; they have been thus far attended to, according to the best abilities of the Editor—and that they are deemed interesting, has been evinced by the general approbation which the paper has received, and the extensive circulation it has obtained: It shall be the aim of the Editor to keep up the spirit of his plan—every communication conducive to that point, will be gratefully received.—Freedom, Government, Union and Peace constitute the happiness of every country—the United States in a particular manner, have all their present enjoyments, and future hopes, suspended on the preservation of these essential pillars of human felicity: In an ardent wish to promote these great objects, the "Gazette of the United States" originated—to these it has been—and shall be sedulously devoted; and while it continues an impartial vehicle to the public of governmental transactions, and interesting information on the most important subjects of life, the Editor cannot fail of public encouragement.
Agreeable to the original design, the publication is now commenced in Philadelphia, the seat of government for the United States.—The patronage of the citizens of this metropolis is hereby solicited:—Those who may wish to form a judgment of the work, are respectfully informed that the first volume (from April 1789, to April 1790) may be inspected at the house of the Editor, No. 69, Market-Street.
The second volume commenced in April last: The Editor can supply the numbers complete from that period—which contain the laws of the second session of Congress—and the debates and proceedings of the house of Representatives, during four months of the session.
Among the innumerable blessings derived to the people of the United States from the present general government, there is none productive of happier effects than that spirit of UNIVERSAL CITIZENSHIP which has in a great measure eradicated party and local distinctions, and now forms a great national feature in the American character.—The Editor, therefore, with confidence, takes his station in the capital of the United States, being fully persuaded, that in proportion to his merits, he will receive the patronage of the public. JOHN FENNO.