National gazette. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1792-05-28 00:00:00

National Gazette.
By P. FRENEAU: Published MONDAYS and THURSDAYS, at THREE DOLLARS per annum.
VOL. I.
MONDAY, May 28, 1792.
NUMB. 61.
AUTHENTIC.
SECOND CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES.
At the first Session, begun and held at the city of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, on Monday the twenty-fourth of October, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one.
An ACT more effectually to provide for the National Defence by establishing an Uniform Militia throughout the United States.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress Assembled, That each and every free able-bodied white male citizen of the respective states, resident therein, who is or shall be of the age of eighteen years, and under the age of forty-five years (except as is herein after excepted) shall severally and respectively be enrolled in the militia by the captain or commanding officer of the company, within whose bounds such citizen shall reside, and that within twelve months after the passing of this act. And it shall at all times hereafter be the duty of every such captain or commanding officer of a company to enrol every such citizen, as aforesaid, and also those who shall, from time to time, arrive at the age of eighteen years, or being of the age of eighteen years and under the age of forty-five years (except as before excepted) shall come to reside within his bounds; and shall without delay notify such citizen of the said enrolment, by a proper non-commissioned officer of the company, by whom such notice may be proved. That every citizen so enrolled and notified, shall, within six months thereafter, provide himself with a good musket or firelock, a sufficient bayonet and belt, two spare flints, and a knapsack, a pouch with a box therein to contain not less than twenty-four cartridges, suited to the bore of his musket or firelock, each cartridge to contain a proper quantity of powder and ball: or with a good rifle, knapsack, shot-pouch and powder-horn, twenty balls suited to the bore of his rifle, and a quarter of a pound of powder; and shall appear, so armed, accoutred and provided, when called out to exercise, or into service, except, that when called out on company-days to exercise only, he may appear without a knapsack. That the commissioned officers shall severally be armed with a sword or hanger and esponton, and that from and after five years from the passing of this act, all muskets for the arming the militia as herein required, shall be of bores sufficient for balls of the eighteenth part of a pound. And every citizen so enrolled, and providing himself with the arms, ammunition and accoutrements required, as aforesaid, shall hold the same exempted from all suits, distresses, executions or sales, for debt or for the payment of taxes.
And be it further enacted, That the Vice-President of the United States; the officers, judicial and executive of the government of the United States; the members of both Houses of Congress, and their respective officers; all custom-house officers with their clerks; all post-officers, and stage-drivers, who are employed in the care and conveyance of the mail of the post-office of the United States; all ferrymen employed at any ferry on the post-road; all inspectors of exports; all pilots; all mariners actually employed in the sea-service of any citizen or merchant within the United States; and all persons who now are or may hereafter be exempted by the laws of the respective states, shall be, and are hereby exempted from militia duty, notwithstanding their being above the age of eighteen, and under the age of forty-five years.
And be it further enacted, That within one year after the passing of this act, the
the militia of the respective states shall be arranged into divisions, brigades, regiments, battalions and companies, as the legislature of each state shall direct; and each division, brigade, and regiment, shall be numbered at the formation thereof; and a record made of such numbers in the adjutant-general's office in the state; and when in the field, or in service in the state, each division, brigade and regiment shall, respectively take rank according to their numbers, reckoning the first or lowest number highest in rank. That if the same be convenient, each brigade shall consist of four regiments: each regiment of two battalions; each battalion of five companies; each company of sixty-four privates. That the said militia shall be officered by the respective states, as follows: To each division, one major-general and two aids-de-camp, with the rank of major; to each brigade, one brigadier-general, with one brigade-inspector, to serve also as brigade-major, with the rank of a major; to each regiment, one lieutenant-colonel commandant; and to each battalion one major; to each company one captain, one lieutenant, one ensign, four serjeants, four corporals, one drummer and one fifer or bugler. That there shall be a regimental staff, to consist of one adjutant and one quartermaster, to rank as lieutenants; one pay-master; one surgeon, and one surgeon's mate; one serjeant-major; one drum-major, and one fife-major.
And be it further enacted, That out of the militia enrolled, as is herein directed, there shall be formed for each battalion at least one company of grenadiers, light infantry or riflemen; and that to each division, there shall be at least one company of artillery, and one troop of horse: there shall be to each company of artillery, one captain, two lieutenants, four serjeants, four corporals, six gunners, six bombardiers, one drummer, and one fifer. The officers to be armed with a sword or hanger, a fufee, bayonet and belt, with a cartridge-box to contain twelve cartridges; and each private or matross shall furnish himself with all the equipments of a private in the infantry, until proper ordnance and field artillery is provided. There shall be to each troop of horse, one captain, two lieutenants, one cornet, four serjeants, four corporals, one faddler, one farrier, and one trumpeter. The commissioned officers to furnish themselves with good horses of, at least, fourteen hands and an half high, and to be armed with a sword, and pair of pistols, the holsters of which to be covered with bearskin caps. Each dragoon to furnish himself with a serviceable horse, at least fourteen hands and an half high, a good saddle, bridle, mail-pillion and valise, holsters, and a breast-plate and crupper, a pair of boots and spurs, a pair of pistols, a sabre, and a cartouch-box, to contain twelve cartridges for pistols. That each company of artillery and troop of horse shall be formed of volunteers from the brigade, at the discretion of the commander in chief of the state, not exceeding one company of each to a regiment, nor more in number than one eleventh part of the infantry, and shall be uniformly clothed in regimentals, to be furnished at their own expense; the colour and fashion to be determined by the brigadier commanding the brigade to which they belong.
And be it further enacted, That each battalion and regiment shall be provided with the state and regimental colours by the field officers, and each company with a drum and fife or bugle-horn, by the commissioned officers of the company in such manner as the legislature of the respective states shall direct.
And be it further enacted, That there shall be an adjutant-general appointed in each state, whose duty it shall be to distribute all orders from the commander
in chief of the state to the several corps; to attend all public reviews when the commander in chief of the state shall review the militia, or any part thereof; to obey all orders from him relative to carrying into execution and perfecting the system of military discipline established by this act; to furnish blank forms of different returns that may be required, and to explain the principles on which they should be made; to receive from the several officers of the different corps throughout the state, returns of the militia under their command, reporting the actual situation of their arms, accoutrements and ammunition, their delinquencies and every other thing which relates to the general advancement of good order and discipline: All which the several officers of the divisions, brigades, regiments and battalions, are hereby required to make in the usual manner, so that the said adjutant-general may be duly furnished therewith. From all which returns, he shall make proper abstracts, and lay the same annually before the commander in chief of the state.
And be it further enacted, That the rules of discipline, approved and established by Congress in their resolution, of the twenty-ninth of March, one thousand seven hundred and seventy-nine, shall be the rules of discipline to be observed by the militia throughout the United States, except such deviations from the said rules as may be rendered necessary by the requisitions of this act, or by some other unavoidable circumstances. It shall be the duty of the commanding officer at every muster, whether by battalion, regiment or single company, to cause the militia to be exercised and trained agreeably to the said rules of discipline.
And be it further enacted, That all commissioned officers shall take rank according to the date of their commissions; and when two of the same grade bear an equal date, then their rank to be determined by lot, to be drawn by them before the commanding officer of the brigade, regiment, battalion, company or detachment.
And be it further enacted, That if any person, whether officer or soldier, belonging to the militia of any state, and called out into the service of the United States, be wounded or disabled while in actual service, he shall be taken care of and provided for at the public expense.
And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the brigade inspector, to attend the regimental and battalion meetings of the militia composing their several brigades, during the time of their being under arms, to inspect their arms, ammunition and accoutrements; superintend their exercise and manœuvres, and introduce the system of military discipline before described throughout the brigade, agreeable to law, and such orders as they shall, from time to time receive from the commander in chief of the state; to make returns to the adjutant-general of the state, at least once in every year, of the militia of the brigade to which he belongs, reporting therein the actual situation of the arms, accoutrements and ammunition of the several corps, and every other thing which in his judgment may relate to their government and the general advancement of good order and military discipline; and the adjutant-general shall make a return of all the militia of the state, to the commander in chief of the said state, and a duplicate of the same to the President of the United States.
And whereas sundry corps of artillery, cavalry, and infantry, now exist in several of the said states, which by the laws, customs or usages thereof have not been incorporated with, or subject to the general regulations of the militia:
Be it further enacted, That such corps retain their accustomed privileges, subject nevertheless to all other duties re-
quired by this act in like manner with the other militia.
JONATHAN TRUMBULL, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
RICHARD HENRY LEE, President pro tempore of the Senate.
Approved, May eighth, 1792.
G. WASHINGTON, President of the United States.
Speech of Mr. SMITH (member of the House of Representatives, from New-Hampshire) on the motion of Mr. Mercer, as amended by Mr. Madison, that payments to the loan for the assumed debt be made on the debt of the several states discharged since the treaty of peace, as well as that which is undischarged.
THE ill policy of any assumption of the state debts, has been asserted, and in my opinion, very satisfactorily proved in the discussion which this subject has already undergone.
Taking it for granted, for the present, that an assumption, in some form, must take place—I rise to offer my sentiments in favor of the amendment proposed by the gentleman from Maryland. The measure, as contemplated by the Secretary of the Treasury, is, as I have observed, impolitic, as it will greatly increase the public burthen, already too great, for the resources of which, the United States, in this infant state of their government, can avail themselves: but it is also unequal, and as it respects several of the states, very unjust, as it saddles them with the debts of other states. Because they have exerted themselves successfully in effecting the extinguishment of the debts which they contracted in the common defence, they are now to be loaded with the debts of those states, who have made no such exertions.
If any gentleman will take the trouble of examining the first assumption, and will add to it what is proposed now to be assumed, he will find, that the sums so assumed, from the respective states, are not such as would have resulted from a due apportionment of the whole sum assumed among the several states in the union, according to their respective numbers.
To vindicate an assumption so unequal and disproportionate, gentlemen must prove to us, that the payments which the several states have actually made towards the general defence, have been in exact proportion to their ability, that is, according to their numbers. They must satisfy us that South-Carolina, though she had previous to any assumption, six millions of dollars of state debt undischarged, had nevertheless discharged as great a portion of debt incurred in the war, as any other state in the union, and that the reason why she had then so great a state debt, pressing heavy upon her, was not because she had not exerted herself, according to her utmost ability, to discharge that debt; but because she had contracted a debt much beyond her just proportion;—that is, in fact, that upon a final settlement of accounts she would have a balance due equal to the sum which constitutes the difference between her just proportion of the whole sum assumed, and the sum actually assumed; which is in this case, more than four millions of dollars.
The same reasoning would apply to the other states who have sums assumed beyond their just proportion. Upon these principles too, they must prove to us that New-Hampshire, upon a final settlement of accounts, would be found in debt to the union more than seven hundred thousand dollars: that is, that she is the greatest delinquent in the union. I ask gentlemen if they have any documents to prove this.
It would be easy to satisfy an inhabitant of Massachusetts or South-Carolina

that they were great creditors, and that New-Hampshire is a very great debtor. But it will require something more than the confident assertions of gentlemen, to convince the state I represent that this is really the case; they believe, and they will continue in this well-founded belief, till some evidence appears to the contrary, that they at least contributed their just proportion towards the general defence. Some states, no doubt, from the manner in which they were peculiarly circumstanced, may have done more than in proportion to New-Hampshire, while I am persuaded that others have done less. The United States have uniformly proceeded upon the idea, that the states who have done more than their proportion, should have credit in a general settlement, while those who have done less, should be compelled to pay the balances due from them. I have no doubt but that some of the states, who now have debts unassumed, will be found entitled to balances, but I deny that New-Hampshire can justly be called upon for the payment of them.
Congress have uniformly taken it for granted, that the inequalities which may have existed in the exertions of the several states, can only be remedied by a settlement of all accounts between the United States and the several states. At great expence they have established boards of commissioners, with very ample powers; they have sent commissioners into the several states, to receive and adjust their claims;—the states have been at very great expence in stating their accounts, and procuring the necessary vouchers to support them.
But gentlemen have now made a discovery, which, if it had been made in season, would have saved all this trouble and expence: they have discovered, that the several states in the union have laid equal burthens on their citizens to carry on the war and to discharge the debt incurred in the common defence, and that equal justice required at the commencement of this new government in 1789, that the United States should step in between the states and their creditors and ease them of their debts. But the gentlemen who have made this discovery, are too much interested to expect full credit to their sentiments on this head.
It happens somewhat unfortunate for this hypothesis, that those who maintain it, are those who are to be gainers by it. It may well be expected that less evidence will satisfy South Carolina that she is a creditor state, than New Hampshire that she is a debtor; and more efficacious logic must be used to induce the latter to pay 7 or 8 hundred thousand dollars of the debt of the former, than to persuade the former to put that burthen off her own shoulders and lay it upon the latter. Let not gentlemen imagine that New Hampshire, though she is a small state and of no great importance in the union, patiently submitted to the injustice of the former assumption. They remonstrated—That remonstrance is now on your table. Why did they complain? Because in that assumption they were considered as the greatest debtor of any state in the union: and because they were, as a constituent part of the union, called upon to pay 7 or 8 hundred thousand dollars of the debt of South Carolina, Massachusetts, or some other state. Why should it be taken for granted, they ask, that we are a debtor? What documents are gentlemen possessed of, that justify such a supposition? Let them be produced. If the opinion of gentlemen, who have spoken within these walls and without, is to be relied upon, there is scarce a state in the union but that has done far more than her proportion: so that there must be a great balance due to each state. All this tends to shew that it is unreasonable to expect that any one state will patiently submit to a measure which takes that for granted, which they do not believe, and which it is never their interest to admit. There never was, in my opinion, but one principle which could justify any assumption previous to a final settlement; and that was giving relief to states who had unquestionably contracted a debt much beyond their just proportion, and who were groaning beneath the burden of that debt. Where it could be known with tolerable certainty that a balance would be finally due to such a state, much might be said
in favor of anticipating the payment of it. But was this the principle which governed? Was this principle at all pursued? Were 2,200,000 dollars, assumed from Pennsylvania, because she was or would be a creditor state—or because she was heavily burthened with debt? Will gentlemen undertake to say, that any principle at all was adhered to in the assumption? Was it not a mere bargain and sale between certain states who were interested, that an assumption should take place; and who, provided they could be only exonerated from their own debt, would not stick at any means to accomplish so desirable a thing. Was it not at the expence of justice, and at the expence of certain states, particularly at the expence of the state I represent. If the states, who had the largest portion of debt to struggle with, at the adoption of the present constitution, were to be relieved, such relief might have been afforded without any violation of the principles of justice and equality. The United States might have afforded a temporary relief till the accounts were settled—or if it was thought best to assume the balances due from those states to their creditors, a proportionate sum (which is what I now advocate) should have been assumed from every other state. The United States could never advance a sum to any one state without advancing a proportionate one to every other state, without at the same time, declaring that the one had better pretensions to such a grant than the other—and what can authorize such a declaration? I know of no data on which to found it. A gentleman from Massachusetts objects to this—He says, this would greatly increase the public debt: and he appears now to be a great enemy to such an increase. When this argument was urged against any assumption it was treated with great contempt. It seems however that gentlemen have no objection to increasing the public debt, as far as the debts of their respective states will do it—They do not wish to go farther—They are against accumulating the public debt, if they are not to have the whole benefit of it. If they are in favor of an assumption, they should be in favor of an equal one. Some gentlemen have taken much pains to convince us that the citizens of their states are zealous for the measure. I am not disposed to doubt it. If they can have their burthens taken from their shoulders and placed upon their neighbour's, it is not to be expected that they should complain. But because the winners are pleased, it by no means follows that the losers are pleased too. But we are told that the inequalities of both assumptions will be remedied by the settlement. Who is it expected will be deceived by this state device? Is there any one so ignorant? What is it but saying, Submit to injustice now, and we will redress it hereafter. Only be so kind as to acknowledge now that you are a debtor state, and we will be much obliged to you, and if it should turn out on settlement of accounts, that you have been paying our debts for us, we will then repay you. But do not these same persons tell us, that the accounts never will be settled; or if they are, that balances never will be paid or received—I believe it, I consider this assumption as signing the death warrant of the settlement of accounts.
Therefore, let the assumption be equal. If any takes place at this time, I hope it will be a just and equal one; nay more, that it will redress the inequalities of the former one; and that the states who have laid heavy burthens on their citizens, will not be punished for their laudable zeal in extinguishing their debts, but that they will at least fare as well as those who have made no such exertions. In one word, I am against any assumption, but if any assumption obtains, as it cannot be known which state is debtor or which creditor, let the sums assumed from each be equal, that is, according to their respective numbers.
PRICE OF STOCKS.
  8 3/4 per cents, per £. 22 1/2   Three ditto 22 3/8   Deferred, six ditto 13 1/2   Insurers 12 3/4   Final settlements, 18 3/4   1-2 shares Bank Stock 50 per cent premium.   Shares Bank N. A. 35 ditto. 
PHILADELPHIA.
MAY 28, 1792.
We hear from New-York that Cornelius Ray, Esquire, is appointed a director of the Branch Bank of the United States, in that city.—vice Edmund Prior, resigned.—As also, Aquila Giles, Esquire, of King's county, appointed Marshal of New-York district—vice Matthew Clarkson, Esq. resigned.
Captain Macpherson, of this city, recommends the following method to prevent the roofs of shingled houses taking fire. Let your shingles, when prepared for nailing on the lath, be soaked fourteen days in a trough of strong pickle. The saline particles will in that time thoroughly pervade every pore of the shingles so as to render them, in a great degree, incombustible; at least, if burning coals are put thereon, they will be extinguished without injuring the shingles.
On the first of May a convention from several towns and plantations in the county of York, Province of Maine, was held at Sanford in that county, to debate on the expediency and propriety of a separation from Massachusetts; when after fully agitating the question, it was determined in the negative: yeas 3, nays 13.
We hear there is a prospect of the business of opening the coal-mines on the river Lehigh, being soon taken up seriously. A meeting of the president, and managers of the company, established for that purpose, was held in this city on Thursday last; when it was determined that a convocation of the stockholders shall be had at the state house on Monday, July 2d.
Letters from Cape Francois, to the 9th of May, represent that colony and town as still in a most distressing situation—the people without money, and the merchants, consequently, unable to make collections or remittances—the remainder of the troops from France had not yet arrived; and nearly one half that had heretofore been landed at the Cape, were in hospitals, from the insalubrity of the climate—coffee had risen to 28 and 30 sous per lb.—sugar, 11, 12, and 13 dollars per cwt.—and no molasses at market.
We hear that General Wilkinson has lately established a post, and built a fort between forts Hamilton and Jefferson. The fort is called Fort St. Clair, and has a strong garrison, with several months provision in it.
A vessel, arrived here on Friday last in six weeks from Hamburg, brings an account of the king of Sweden having been dangerously wounded, by several balls from an air gun, which entered his groin. The action was perpetrated by a dismissed officer at a masquerade. Part of the load had been extracted, but the king's life was still in great danger. The date of this accident is March 16th.—Accounts by another vessel say, that no active step, further than hostile preparations, had been taken against the French, although every thing wore a threatening appearance.
"I think it certain (says Mr. Paine) that if the fleets of England, France, and Holland were confederated, together with such force as the United States of America could throw in, they might propose with effect, to Spain, the independence of South-America, and the opening those countries of immense extent and wealth to the general commerce of the world, as North America now is. The opening of South America would produce an immense field of commerce, and a ready money market for manufactures, which the Eastern world does not."
"With how much more glory and advantage (continues he) to itself, does a nation act, when it exerts its powers to rescue the world from bondage, and to create itself friends, than when it employs those powers to create ruin, desolation and misery. The horrid scene that is now acting by the British government in the East-Indies, is fit only to be told of Goths and Vandals, who, destitute of principle, robbed and tortured the world they were incapable of enjoying."
Again:—"The fraud, hypocrisy, and imposition of governments, are now beginning to be too well understood to promise them any long career. The farce of monarchy and aristocracy, in all countries, is following that of chivalry, and Mr. Burke is dressing for the funeral! Let it then pass quietly to the tomb of all their follies, and the mourners be comforted!"—"The present age will hereafter merit to be called the age of Reason, and the present generation will appear to the future as the Adam of a new world."
Governments, in all countries, require the utmost vigilance of the people in correcting their abuses, and preventing or repelling their encroachments, which are always gradual, and advance like the hour hand on a dial. That a man should make his constant business to endeavour to persuade a people that their government is without a particle of spot or blemish, must beget suspicion.
In America, the people are, no doubt, in a political, and some other views, comparatively happy—but let it be remembered, that without frequent pruning of vicious shoots, the most virtuous governments will degenerate, and bear bad fruit. In regard to the strange credulity of mankind, it may be worth while to observe, that the
late government and nation of France were extolled to the skies, and the people really believed themselves unrivalled, at the very moment they were bowed down under the most degrading slavery.
"Earth had no folks—no folks had such a town As Paris was—Sing derry, derry down." The revolution, however, has effectually opened the eyes of the nation, and convinced them that they thought themselves well, when they were really in the last stage of political dissolution.
The commissioner for the Jersey manufacturing society, has given public notice that the certificates for shares in the stock of the Society are nearly completed, and will be ready to be delivered to the original subscribers, or to their legal representatives, on the first day of June ensuing.
No stroke of policy could be more pointedly severe against the political depravity of Europe, (in which America is included) than the edict of China, now of near one hundred years standing, that no European shall be admitted into their Empire. This sweeping order is rigidly enforced, to the present day; and the most dignified characters, in the line of Ambassadors, &c. from Europe have not by means of any presents or bribes whatever been able to procure a sight, even of Canton, except from a respectable distance. It is said to be a universally received opinion in China, that there is no European without evil design; and that nature has formed them only for treasns and revolutions. From this prejudice it comes, that our accounts of China are so exceedingly defective; and it is a fact, that all we know, with any degree of precision of the internal situation, population, government, arts, manufactures, &c. of that country, are derived from some of the first visitors, whose accounts are now verging to the date of two centuries. The Chinese general opinion of the rest of mankind, includes a tacit reproach upon themselves; for the same reason, that he who believes all men to be villains is certainly one himself. In no country is knavery so much practised as in China; and there is scarcely a law in their whole system, that has not a direct aspect to discourage this odious propensity in the subjects of that empire.
On the 12th instant the supreme court for the district of Dumfries, in Virginia, was opened by the Hon. the Judges—but, for want of a grand jury, the trials of the supposed criminals, now confined in the jail of that place, are postponed until the next term, which is six months off. It was observed on this occasion, that the shameful negligence, or rather contempt of those (the jurymen) who prevented the court from proceeding to business, deserves the highest censure, and a fine at least adequate to the expence to which the country is exposed by maintaining the criminals six months longer in jail." [Yes—and what recompence can be made to a man, who happens at last to prove not guilty of the crime alledged against him? or what fine can be adequate to the loss that a helpless woman or a number of innocent children, may sustain in the death of a husband or father, during a six months summer confinement in a loathsome jail, who might have appeared, upon trial, to have been wrongfully accused?—At any rate this is far enough within the bounds of possibility, and the consideration ought to influence every friend to humanity.]
IN every country where free newspapers are allowed, these periodical publications may be called the pulse of the world's health; and as they contain more or less news, you may conclude the nations of the world to be more or less happy.
Wars conflagrations, robberies, insurrections, shipwrecks, bloodshed, pestilence, murders, and famine make the pulse of a newspaper beat high, but depend upon it, the world is at the same time in the delirium of a fever, that terminates its dissolution.
When we hear a universal complaint, for any length of time, that the newspapers are intolerably dull, uninteresting and insipid, we may conclude that tyrants are at peace, the people contented and well fed, the ship fails in safety over the ocean, and that the sword of revenge is lodged in the sheath.
The increase of newspapers, and consequently the increase of news, shows either a real increase of wickedness among mankind; or, at least, that they are less ashamed than formerly to publish their wickedness to each other.
Our last accounts from Morgan-Town (says a Winchester (Virginia) paper of the 16th inst.) advise, that no further depredations of consequence have been committed by the savages, in that quarter, since their visit to Dunker-Creek, (the particulars of which were inserted in our last) but that there are parties of them still in the neighborhood, a few straggling ones having been discovered within four or five miles of the town, who, it is understood, had fired at some cattle and horses. A general consternation prevails among the inhabitants of Monongahela, many of whom have sought an asylum in Morgan-Town—Exertions, however, are making to guard against, and check the inroads of the invaders.
A fine breed of Persian sheep is raising in Maryland. The ram lambs are bought up at no less a price than twenty dollars.

A meeting of subscribers to "the several Gazettes and newspapers printed in Philadelphia," is advertised, in the Virginia Gazette of the 19th instant, to be held at the Fagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, on Monday the 21st of May, "to take into consideration the law of the United States, imposing a tax on the said Gazettes and newspapers." A discussion of this subject by the said subscribers, and indeed by the citizens at large, who are invited also to this meeting, appears to be more necessary at this time, from the alarming consequences which may arise from the want of due information on a number of subjects, only to be obtained by a free circulation of that important article, A PUBLIC NEWSPAPER.
It is an incontestible truth, and which ought deeply to interest every friend to humanity, that the number of slaves now in the West-India islands is altogether sufficient for their cultivation; and that with good and humane usage, the stock of negroes, now upon the islands, would increase rapidly by natural population, instead of requiring a debasing African trade merely to keep it good.
"How beautiful (says the NORWICH Register ) is the order of nature! The planets move on in their own orbits; the rivers in their own channels; and every good man in the way which nature and education have allotted him; no man is robbed; no house plundered; no town burnt; no sound of the warrior, and garments rolled in blood; no remarkable disaster befalls any one: But then there is a dearth of news, and people feel uneasy. Newspapers, say they, are now a-days hardly worth reading: But let us put a proper construction on all events, and we shall find that no news is good news: because we are then to suppose that harmony and good order pervade the world."
When a printer finds none of these calamitous matters to fill his paper with, he intersperses it, if he be a judicious man, with extracts and pieces on politics, husbandry, business, trade or morality; with now and then a sketch of wit and humour, which serve to exhilarate the spirits, inform the understanding, reform the manners, or mend the heart; which, though it be no news, is highly preferable to bad news."
Several concurring foreign accounts say, that, from all appearances, the people of Austrian Flanders consider the death of Leopold the 2d. as an event favourable to their hopes of throwing off their dependency on the Germanic powers. They are even said to have reared the regenerated French standard, and to have determined to put themselves under the protection of France rather than continue longer subjected to a foreign despot. At Brussels, matters have been carried so far, that handbills have been stuck up every where in the streets, exhorting the people to shake off the yoke of the House of Austria, and advising, if they could not render themselves completely and finally independent, at least to incorporate themselves with a nation [the French] who had learnt to think and act up to the dignity of human nature. To counteract this serious spirit of revolt, near sixty thousand troops were already quartered in the Austrian Netherlands, when these accounts came away, and numbers every day arriving, with every species of military stores, adequate to a great undertaking.
The votes of twenty one counties in the Province of Maine, for and against a separation from Massachusetts, are come to hand—The aggregate is, six hundred and sixty six votes for a separation; nine hundred and seventy three, against it.
The following is related of the late king of Prussia, as a fact: "one of his dogs (of which species of animals he was remarkably fond) being sick, Frederick being then in Silesia, gave orders that a courier should be sent every day to bring him an account of its situation. On his return, finding the little animal was dead and buried, he caused it to be taken from the earth, that he might have the pleasure of seeing it once more; that himself up the whole day, and cried for it like a child". This, among many other instances, might be brought as a proof of the execrable nature of Royalty, which can occasionally feel for the brute creation, but never for the miseries of its own species.—It was well said by Mr. Paine—"As nature had no hand in forming kings and emperors, neither are they possessed of the genuine feelings of nature".
The late sudden change in the Spanish government (says an English paper) is now known to have been merely a court intrigue, by no means unusual in all governments. The people were dissatisfied, and it was necessary to shew a semblance of sacrificing to their opinion. Count Florida Blanca is no otherwise disgraced than being obliged to retire to his own personal estate, in the province of Murcia; which most persons after so long and laborious a confinement to political affairs, would rather esteem a comfort than a matter of regret; since our appointments are continued to him. Instead of the government of Spain being guided by one man, as heretofore, it will
now be under the direction of a council, of which the king is the head, and Count d'Aranda his principal Minister. It will make no alteration whatever in the negotiations on the tapis with foreign courts.
European Speculatists, in the late prints seem to disagree in their ideas relative to the part the successor of the emperor of Germany will take in countenancing, or acting against the French revolution. German and Dutch papers do not fail to assert, that he is in the interest of the French emigrants, and will do his utmost to bring about a counter revolution in France, at least so far as to restore the nobility, and certain prerogatives of the crown. Others say, that the death of Leopold the second has, most probably ruined the hopes of the emigrants, "it being evident that the German Princes must now be entirely occupied with the affairs of their own country, and the election of a new emperor, which must certainly employ them for more than a year, and occupy that attention which otherwise would have been given to the interests of the French princes, who have nothing to depend upon but their own strength, which, in fact, is now nothing; as it is very probable that the emperor's death, dissipating every fear of a serious war, may tend to concentrate the minds of the people in France, no longer divided upon their measures with Leopold—Under this point of view, the event is fortunate for the French constitution, and perhaps more general liberty: For it would be voluntary blindness to believe the pacific intentions which have been so loudly trumpeted abroad."
On the 11th instant a deputy-sheriff (a Dr. Smith) in Westchester county, state of New-York, having a writ against one Ryer, met him in a public house, and while he was taking his prisoner with the customary formality, Ryer instantly drew a pistol out of his pocket, and shot Smith dead—Notwithstanding a number of people were present, Ryer made his escape, by threatening to shoot (with another loaded pistol he had in his possession) any person that would dare to lay hands on him.—One hundred dollars are offered by the high sheriff for apprehending and securing the murderer.
An accommodation (we hear) has taken place between the merchants of this city, and the Delaware river and bay pilots who had for some time past rendezvoused at Marcus-Hook, and refused to conduct any vessels to or from the port, unless an addition was made to the present rates of pilotage. We do not learn, however, that their rates have been raised—and, it is said, they returned to their duty from a conviction that they would be completely superseded by a new race of able pilots, in a few weeks, if they continued obstinate. On Wednesday fifteen of the old pilots went out of the bay, to cruise for the inward bound shipping, and six others came up to this city, to attend their duty as usual.
Since the breaking up of the river Schuylkill, twelve large boats have been almost constantly employed on that river between this city and Reading; a distance of about sixty miles (by land). These boats are generally from thirteen to sixteen tons burthen; but recently, the waters having fallen considerably, the size of the boats sent down has not averaged more than five tons. It is calculated that upwards of twelve hundred tons of produce have been brought down the Schuylkill since the first of March.
Some accounts are come to hand of an insurrection of negroes in Northampton and Accomack counties (Eastern-Shore of Virginia) about the beginning of May, instant.—Reports say, that they assembled to the number of about nine hundred, in different parties, armed with muskets, spears, clubs, &c. and committed several outrages upon the inhabitants, though it does not yet appear that any lives were lost.—A considerable number of the insurgents have been taken up by the militia of the country, who now keep a constant guard.—Considerable quantities of arms and parcels of musket balls, &c. have been discovered in places of concealment; and an agreement (it is said) had been entered into between the heads of the insurgents at Norfolk and those on the Eastern-Shore, to bring over six hundred of the latter to seize upon the powder magazine at Norfolk, and massacre the inhabitants of that town and Portsmouth.
The following is mentioned in the Boston Centinel as the present extra price current at New-York—Shaving, twenty per cent. advance—tar and feathers in great demand—flocks (except wooden ones) very low and out of demand. Honor and honesty, scarce—hard cash, one hundred per cent. above par—paper ditto, one hundred per cent. below par.
Because (says the Boston Columbian Centinel) certain restless characters in the southern states, to answer some designs of their own, have exerted every nerve to blast the character, and belittle the abilities of the Vice-President of the United States, the Secretary at War, and other distinguished persons from the Northern States; some scribblers among ourselves join in the scurrility, and even exceed the wishes of their setters on —who now laugh in their sleeve to see the business of detraction and defamation succeed so well in places from whence they expected detection and opposition!
Samuel Huntington, Esq. is re-elected Governor of the state of Connecticut; and Oliver Wolcott, Esq. Lieut. Governor.
"It is well known (says the New-York Journal) that one third of the flock of the United States was held, some time ago, by the speculators of New-York. Now, that one third of the whole debt being annihilated, it is conjectured by many that the secretary of the treasury will, in a short time pay interest on the deferred debt; and also raise the three per cent. to six. This hint is given to put the present holders of stock upon their guard, as it may be depended upon the speculators will be on the hunt after this species of stock."
Mr. Paine's book, entitled, "The second part of the Rights of Man," was published a few days ago in Boston—"It is matter of doubt (says a Boston correspondent) whether Publicola will again appear to answer it. Certain it is, however, that philosophical retirement is not unfrequently productive of political scribbling ."
We learn from a late English paper that a society of Quakers have engaged a vessel to carry eleven families of that persuasion to Botany Bay, as settlers.
Lord Lansdale (say the English prints) is so much irritated by Peter Pindar's Com-miserating Epistle , that he has not only commenced a prosecution against the author and publisher, but even against the man who made the paper on which it was printed!
A gentleman from New-England informs us, that a ship has lately arrived at Boston, from the East-Indies, with 700 tons of sugar; the whole of which immense quantity, is put up in bags, in the nicest manner, each bag being formed of three species of linnen—the first or inner one is equal in fineness to common mouselin, the second to common white holland, and the third or outer one to ticklenberg—The quality of this sugar is far superior to the best Muscovado, and was purchased in the East-Indies at about 3d. this currency per lb.
[Albany Gaz.]
OPINION.
Wonderful, indeed, is the influence of opinion upon mankind; and to such a degree does it operate upon the human constitution, that happiness itself is generally found to consist therein. What makes so many nations happy, who are seated in the most barren and contemptible spots of this earth, but opinion? Opinion upholds almost every government in the world, and should the weight of opinion be once brought against them, their downfall is inevitable. Were opinions unchangeable, governments, even the most cruel and oppressive, would forever be the same; fortunately, however, in some degree, for mankind, the mutability of opinion is the cause of revolutions in the great political wheel of government, which gives every nation its turn to be uppermost as well as lowermost; and allows them their intervals of pleasure, as well as of pain. Perhaps in no country is opinion of a more fickle and transient nature than in the United States, as may more fully appear from the following Chronological list of Opinions—
 1789. Public debt may be made a public blessing.  1790. Public debt is a public blessing.  1791. Public debt is not a public evil.  1792. [January] Public debt may become a public evil.  1792. [November.] Public debt is a public evil.  1793. Public debt is among the greatest of public evils.  1794. It is wonderful that so great a folly of opinion should have ever existed in a free and enlightened country, as that a public debt and perpetual taxes were the means of public liberty and public prosperity; and that, both debts and taxes ought to be increased for their own sakes, instead of establishing the latter by paying off the former, for the sake of public credit and public honour!  May 26.
PITTSBURGH, May 19.
The Fort begun last winter at this place stands on the Allegany river within about one hundred yards of the bank, on a beautiful rising ground, about one quarter of a mile higher up than the old garrison of Fort Pitt. It is completely stockaded in, and one range of barracks built, a block-house in one of the angles finished, and the remainder in forwardness. Captain Hughes, of the 2d United States regiment, commands the Fort, which last Saturday, the 12th of May, was named Fort Fayette. The ceremonial was as follows:—About two o'clock, the American flag of fifteen stripes was hoisted on the staff of 92 feet in height. The company assembled, consisting of the principal gentlemen of the town, were invited to a cold collation, and a glass of wine:—At the first toast, two pieces of ordnance were discharged, old double fortified twelve pounders, brought to this place originally by the French, then acquired by the British, and from them by us—at these discharges the Fort received its name: then a treble discharge in honor of the President of the United States, and fifteen rounds for the fifteen states.
Thursday last a detachment of troops arrived here from the lower parts of this state, under the command of Captain Edward Butler.
[From the World, a London Ministerial Paper, of Feb. 23.]
Mr PRINTER, The letter herewith, was lately transmitted from a respectable Pennsylvanian, to THOMAS PAINE, (Author of the Rights of Man and other republican pamphlets) formerly known to him in America. If you think fit to insert it in your much approved paper, it is at your service.
F. Z.
FRIEND THOMAS.
I have perused thy publications with as much thought and reflection as I am possessed of. I therein descry considerable, but uncultivated ingenuity, and much seeming zeal (but without knowledge) for political reformation. Possibly there may be truth in some of thy remarks, and verily do I hope thou hast some good will towards mankind, although I think thee grossly mistaken in thy notions of good government.—Though an American, I am not so bigotted as thou art to republicanism, and only prefer it (as many of my thinking brethren here do) to a worse form of government, I mean despotism in its true sense; not according to thy overstrained acceptance.
Now, perhaps, from thy late residence in France, thou mayest have imbibed some of their fopperies in dress as well as of polity. From hence thou mayest conceive, my broad brimmed hat hath too much the effect of keeping me in obscurity as to some objects, and would not recommend me to forego the comfort, convenience, and shelter I have always been accustomed to experience from it, for the sake of acquiring more light unto myself by cropping, and (to borrow thy own favorite phrase) regenerating it into a new form, (because truly thy French friends have adopted that mode) and thereby to expose myself to much greater evils, which in its present state I am not liable to. I will readily grant thee, that the more I should crop and curtail my beaver, the nearer I should approach to man in his primitive state, when hats and breeches were alike in disuse. But pardon me friend THOMAS, when I assert, that vain will be thy endeavors to cry down the use of the one or the other, as far as I am concerned, (in spite of the benefits I derive from them) until, like thee, I shall have cast off even the exterior of modesty and decorum, and, moreover, like thee, have turned my back on, and become zealous to reprobate what has hitherto afforded me comfort and protection.
EPHRAIM STEDFAST.
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS May, 1792.
   D. H. Bar. Ther. Wind. Weath.     Monday, 21. 6 30. 1 54 N. Fair.   2 30. 12 69 do. do.   Tuesday, 22. 6 30. 3 54 E.N.E Fair.   2 30. 27 74 do. do.   Wednesday, 23. 6 30. 22 54 N. Fair.   2 30. 25 78 E. Fair.   Thursday, 24. 6 30. 22 57 S.W. Fair.   2 30. 2 80 do. do.   Friday, 25. 6 30. 1 62 S.S.W. Fair.   2 30. 0 82 do. Fair.   Saturday, 26. 7 29. 9 68 S.S.W. Fair.   2 29. 8 82 do. Cloudy.   Sunday, 27. 6 29. 8 69 S.W. Cloudy.   2 29. 7 77 do. air.  
Philadelphia and Shrewsbury S T A G E, By the route of BORDENTOWN.
THE subscribers inform the public, that from and after the third day of June next, (and to continue during the summer season) a boat sets off from the Crooked-Billet wharf, in Philadelphia, on Sundays and Thursdays in the months of June and August: and on Sundays and Wednesdays in the months of July and September, and proceeds to Bordentown.
The next morning comfortable carriages run from Bordentown and Edington, in Shrewsbury; then meet, and exchange passengers at the half-way-house, known by the name of the Burnt Tavern , and return the same day to Bordentown and Edington, aforementioned! And on the days following the boat sets out from Bordentown to Philadelphia.
The proprietors flatter themselves this plan will particularly accommodate those who do not wish to be troubled with their own horses and carriages; and will at the same time afford them an agreeable variety, and make the journey more easy than travelling the whole distance by land.
The Fare from Philadelphia to Edington, for Passengers, - £.0 13 9 Goods per cwt. - 6 Way passengers and way goods, in proportion. The public's most obedient, humble servants JOHN VAN EMBURGH, DANIEL LOTT.
May 21st, 1792. iaw.tf.
ERRATUM—In the Poetry, page 244—Stanza 5, line 1—Add the word "Pain," omitted by accid. nt.

THE MARKET GIRL.
[a real character.]
At dawn of day, from short repose, At hours that might all townsmen shame, To catch our money, round or square, In plain attire, and low-heel'd shoes, She from the groves of Glouc'ster came With kail and cabbage—fresh and fair.
At Cooper's wharf, in travelling trim, Arriv'd an hour before the sun, Young Charon's boat receives her store;— Acro's the wavy waste they skim, And thus they laughing come to town, She, at the helm; and he, the oar.
Full early taught the arts of gain, No sharping knave that walks the street Though vers'd in all the tricks of trade, No city nymph, nor powder'd swain, With all their art, can hope to cheat A BARGAIN from this country maid.
The market done, her cash secur'd, She homeward takes her wonted way The painted chest behind the door (With many a rusty dollar stor'd) Receives the gainings of the day— Laid up—to see the sun no more!
Sweet nymph! why all this ceaseless Such early toil and evening care, This hoarding for the age to come, If he that courts you, courts in vain, And you, regardless of an heir, Refuse—alas!—to take him home! May 24.
LONDON, March 15.
Although in all the German papers it is circulated that the army of the French emigrants is, as it were, entirely dispersed, it is not less certain that every preparation is making in silence for an attack on Alsace towards the end of April or the beginning of May.
The Stadtholderian Court, (of Holland) alotho' acting less openly than other powers, is, notwithstanding, one of the principal re- sources of the noble emigrants. It supplies them with the money they want; and it is supposed that one banking-house alone has already furnished them with above three millions of florins, besides what has been received from Rotterdam and the Hague. There is besides a rendezvous of recruits, on the frontiers of Gueldres, and scarcely a week passes in which as many as 20 men do not proceed thither, in consequence of hav- ing been secretly engaged for the service of the princes. It is true that these recruits are, for the most part, French, Liegeois, or Brabantine deserters, upon whose fidelity little reliance can be had, and that they must form in general very indifferent troops, but this procedure does not less ex- ist, and prove that the electors have no seri- ous intention of abandoning the emigrants.
It is remarkable, that European monarch- ical and European clerical power have always gone hand in hand; that is, where the temper of the world was such that mon- archy was suffered to be on its high horse, the clergy (after their own theocratical reign was at an end) were mounted upon one very little, if at all, inferior; being, in fact, the real directors of the movements of the great machine, behind the curtain. One of their chief political steps towards the support of monarchy and despotism has been their impressing a belief upon man- kind that the whole race is vicious and de- graded by nature—for, if so, the several nations of the world would, no doubt, want religious quacks to put them in the right way, who would not fail to persuade them that non-resistance and passive obedi- ence to tyrants were two preliminary qual- ifications for paradise! When once a man is brought to believe that he is of a villainous, diabolical constitution, as he came from the hands of nature, he is a fit subject for the slave of a despot, or a mitred bishop; and may be priest-ridden and king-ridden at the pleasure of either.
TIDES.
[Translated From the French.]
THERE was an ancient pretender to philo- sophy whose constant saying was Malum cum A- ristotele errare quiam cum aliis recte sentire. "I had rather think wrong with Aristotle, than right with other philosophers."—There are many in the present age who in like manner are rigid retainers to Newton, in points where even he himself tacitly acknowledges that he may be mistaken.—Thus, in his Principia , when speak- ing of Lunar attraction on the waters of the ocean, he declares, that there must be some hidden cause in nature, exclusive of and independent of the attrac- tion of the moon, that occasions that periodical swell in the ocean, called tides, in all their pheno- mena. —One great argument, and which seems to preclude the necessity of many others against the main principle of the Newtonian theory of tides, is there being no tides, or next to none, in most of the latitudes of the torrid zone, that is to say, from the equinoctial line to lat. 15, 16, and even to 20 deg. north and south.—If the moon acted on the ocean in the manner com- monly supposed, her influence would certainly be most perceptible in those parts directly under her, and not in the high northern and southern latitudes, as is constantly found to be the case.
* * For sale at this Office, Sermons by the Rev'd Dr. William Linn, of N. York. Price 5/7 1-2.
PROPOSALS
For printing by Subscription, a New Work, to be entitled, The Young Mill-Wright and Miller's Guide—In four parts—By OLIVER EVANS.
PART I.
Of Mechanics and Hydraulics.
 Chap. 1. Of gravity and elasticity, as the foundation of all mechanics.  2. Of motion and its general laws.  3. Of the momentum, or force of bodies in motion.  4. Of the motion of falling bodies.  5. Of the motion of bodies descending on in- clined planes, and curved surfaces.  6. Of the motion of projectiles.  7. Of circular motion and central forces.  8. Of the centre of magnitude, motion and gravity.  9. Of the different mechanical powers.  10. Of Friction.  11. Of the greatest effect possible of any ma- chine.  12. Of hydraulics, shewing the laws of spouting fluids, their weights, velocity and powers, under different heads.  Mechanics and Hydraulics will be treated on, only so far as is necessary for the better under- standing of the principles and powers of water- mills.
PART II.
The young Mill-Wright's Guide:—To contain, Chap. 1. Rules and directions for computing the power of the mill on the mill-stone, from any given power of the water on the water-wheel: and the velocity of the stone from any given ve- locity of the water-wheel.
 2. Rules for finding the velocity of the water under any given head, and its power for any size of gate, with a table calculated for the same, from 1 to 25 feet.  3. Rules for proportioning the motion of the water-wheel to suit the velocity of the water, and the motion and size of the stone to suit the power of the water, so as to do the greatest work possi- ble with said power.—With tables ready calcula- ted, shewing the size of the water-wheel, and number of cogs and rounds in each wheel, to give the right motion to suit the size of the mill- stone and velocity of the water, under different heads—in both double and single geared mills.  4. Rules and directions for calculating the mo- tion of wheels and the number of cogs to be put in the wheels, to produce any motion required.  5. Rules for finding the diameter of the pitch- circle, to suit any number of cogs, either with the compasses only, or by figures, with a table ready calculated to suit any number of cogs from 6 to 72.  6. Of striking the water on the wheel, so as to have the greatest force.  7. Of the wearing of cogs, with directions for making cog-wheels to last much longer than they commonly do.  8. Of gudgeons, shewing the cause of their getting loose, and remedies therefor, with ap- proved methods of fastening them in heavy shafts.  9. Directions for giving the cogs the right pitch to gear into one another, so as to run smooth and easy.  10. Of the most advantageous construction of mills, of one, two, three, or four pair of stones.  11. A description of a merchant flour mill in perfection, on the most improved plan. 
PART III.
The Young Miller's Guide:—To contain, Chap. 1. Observations on the principles of grinding, with directions for laying out the fur- rows in the stones, with a right inclination or draught to suit the size and velocity of the mill- stone, so as to let no flour escape until well ground.
 2. Directions for picking, facing, hanging and sharpening the stones, and for grinding to the right fineness, so as to clean the bran well, and make but little middlings, &c.  3. Of grinding garlicky wheat, and dressing the stones to suit the garlick.  4. Of grinding over the middlings, stuff, shorts, &c. if necessary, to make the best profit of them.  5. Of the quality of mill-stones, to suit the quality of the wheat.  6. Of bolting-reels, bolting-cloths, and di- rections for bolting and inspecting the flour.  7. General directions for keeping the mill, and the business therein, in good order—The duty of the miller. 
PART IV.—To contain,
The whole of Oliver Evans's patent improve- ments on the art of manufacturing grain into flour—Shewing them fully applied in both mer- chant and grist mills, with full directions for building and using the whole thereof—This work will require to be illustrated with about 50 or 60 figures, which will be neatly engraved. The whole to be printed on good paper, and neatly bound.—The price cannot yet be ascertained, but shall not exceed one dollar and an half to sub- scribers, but lower if it can be afforded. Sub- scribers for twelve copies to have one gratis, and the usual allowance to Booksellers—When three hundred copies are subscribed for, the work will be put to the press.
This work if encouraged, may be the means of saving much lost labour in building, and expense in manufacturing; and may open the way for bringing the art of building mills, and manufac- turing flour, to great perfection. And as the author will be assisted by several ingenious mil- lers and mill-wrights, and persons skilled in the different sciences, applicable to the work, he flatters himself, that he will be enabled to offer much useful matter on this subject, which has hitherto been treated only theoretically.
Subscriptions will be taken in by most of the principal booksellers and flour factors in the United States; therefore, any Miller inclining to encourage this work may send his name to his flour factor, and the book will be lodged there for him, when completed. May 26, 1792.
PROPOSALS
For Printing by Subscription, THE PUBLIC REPORTS FROM THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS
OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES
TO CONGRESS.
Commencing with the present Government, and end- ing with the close of the Session of May 1792.
THIS work is intended to be printed in one volume octavo, estimated to contain between five and six hundred pages, and will be delivered to subscribers in boards at One Dollar and a half.
A complete collection of the Reports into a convenient and portable volume has been sug- gested to the publishers by several Members of Congress and other gentlemen, and they are now determined to proceed on with the work, provi- ded a competent number of subscribers appear to patronize the undertaking.
Subscriptions are received by CHILDS and SWAIN, the publishers, No. 209, Market- street, Philadelphia, and by the principal Book- sellers in the United States. May 24.
Just imported in the ship Molly , Captain Pitt , from Lisbon —
A few Pipes and Quarter Casks of
LISBON WINE,
Far superior in quality to what is generally impor- ted; and a few Lales of the very best CORKS, To be Sold by
GEORGE MEADE,
Who has also for sale, Choice three and five years old Bill of Exchange Madeira Wine,
By the Pip., or Quarter Cask,
LONDON MARKET MADEIRA WINE
five years old by the pipe, or quarter Cask, Choice old Sherry WINE by the quarter cask Mels BEEF of a superior quality and such as is fit for an East India Voyage—put up in this city.
Choice first quality BEEF do.
Do Second do.
BOSTON BEEF equal to any from that country.
Burlington Pork of the first quality, and one hundred and fourteen lbs of FLAX SEED, &c. &c.
May 16 22 a. w. 1m.
THIS DAY ARE PUBLISHED,
[In Octavo—Price 2/9.]
THE
LAWS of the UNITED STATES,
Passed at the First Session of the Second Congress.
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY.
To which are added the Ratifications of the Amendments to the Constitution, by the several ratifying States; the Armistice between the United States and Great-Britain; and the Treaty of Peace and Friendship with the Cherokees, which, with those in the other octavo volume completes all the existing treaties.
Philadelphia, printed by CHILDS & SWAIN, Printers of the Laws of the United States, and sold by them, at their office, No. 209, Market- Street; also by the principal Booksellers in the city.
** The Laws are sewed in blue paper, and are intended to be bound up with those of the next session, so as to make one volume, com- prising all the Laws passed by the Second Con- gress, when a complete Index will be added for both sessions.
The LAWS of the
Three Sessions of the First Congress,
With a complete Index, in one volume octavo, may be had as above. Philadelphia, May 17th, 1792.
This day is published and to be sold by
FRANCIS BAILEY, No. 161, Market-street, and at the principal Booksellers in this city, (Price One Dollar)
A GEOGRAPHICAL CLOCK,
Calculated for the meridian of this city; exhi- biting at one view the time of day or night in every part of the globe; with a full description in letter press of the clock and the planisphere of the earth, and a copious Index of all the principal Kingdoms, islands, and Cities in the world, with the longitudi- and latitude reckoned from the meridian of Phila- delphia.—A work not less curious than entertaining and instructive to those who are not acquainted with geography, as it clearly explains the fundamental principles of that science. Philadelphia, May 23d. 4/10. 2w.
THE subscriber begs leave to acquaint his friends and the public in general, that he has removed from Pennington to that noted tavern and ferry stand opposite to Eapon, on the Jersey side of the Delaware.—He has provided himself with a good and safe set of ferry-crafts, and pur- poses keeping the best entertainment for man and horse. Every attention shall be paid to gentlemen travellers and others by the public's most obedient and very humble servant, THOMAS BULLMAN. May 8th, 1792. 5w10w
FOR BRISTOL,
THE SHIP
Birmingham Packet,
LEESON SIMMONS, Master;
A remarkable fast sailer, her cargo is all ready; nevertheless to accommodate those who may be disposed to put freight on board, it will be taken in. She will sail in a few days. The owners are determined that the ship shall leave Bristol with the first fair ships.
For freight or passag apply to the Captain or board lying at Walnut street Wharf, or GEORGE MEADE.
Those who have goods on board are earnestly requested to enter them, take out their permit and give the necessary directions to their porter to attend the ship. May 16. 2aw
Washington, in the Territory of Columbia.
A PREMIUM
OF 500 dollars, or a medal of that value, at the option of the party, will be given by the Commissioners of the Federal buildings to the person who, before the fifteenth day of July next, shall produce to them the most approved plan, if adopted by them, for a President's house to be erected in this city. The site of the building, if the artist will attend to it, will of course influence the aspect and outline of his plan, and its destination will point out to him the number, size, and distribution of the apartments. It will be a recommendation of any plan, if the central part of it may be detached and erected for the present, with the appearance of a complete whole, and be capable of admitting the additional parts, in future, if they shall be wanting. Draw- ings will be expected of the ground plans, elevations of each front, and sections through the building in such directions as may be necessary to explain the internal structure; and an estimate of the cubic feet of brickwork, composing the whole mass of the walls. THE COMMISSIONERS. March 14.
Washington, in the Territory of Columbia.
A PREMIUM
OF a lot in this City to be designated by impartial judges and 500 dollars; or a medal of that value, at the option of the party, will be given by the Commissioners of the Federal Buildings, to the person, who, before the fifteenth day of July 1792, shall produce to them the most approved plan, if adopted by them, for a Capitol to be erected in this city, and 250 dollars, or a medal for the plan deemed next in merit to the one they shall adopt. The building to be of brick, and to contain the following apartments, to wit. A conference room } Sufficient to A room for the Re- } accommodate presentatives } 300 persons each. A lobby or antichamber to the latter. A Senate room of 1200 square feet area. An antichamber or lobby to the last. 12 rooms of 600 square feet area, each, for committee rooms and clerks offices, to be of half the elevation of the former. Draw- ings will be expected of the ground plans, elevations of each front, and sections through the building in such directions as may be necessary to explain the internal structure, and an estimate of the cubic feet of brickwork composing the whole mass of the walls. THE COMMISSIONERS. March 14.
TO THE PUBLIC.
THE Subscriber has in contemplation soon to decline his present business—and having on hand a considerable quantity of superfine second and elastic cloths, together with a variety of other arti- cles in his way, proposes to sell them at the following reduced prices—
   V I Z,     Best Superfine navy blue 34s.   Ditto. ditto. Scarlet 36s.   Common colours superfine 32s.   Elastic stripes 9s.   London buff and white cashmers 15/6.   Ditto, coloured do. 15/.   Yorkshire do. do. 13/6.   Striped toiletens 14s.   Rattinees 3s.   Striped Nankeens 3/4.   A variety of waistcoat stapes proportionably low, do.   Pancy buttons and trimmings do.   London best silk hose, from 22/6 to 24s.  
The above goods have been mostly imported from one of the first Mercantile houses in London, and are of an equal quality to any imported into Ameri- ca; they will be sold per piece or smaller quantity as may best suit the purchasers; by the public's most bumble servant, JOHN SHEPHERD. No. 3 South Fourth-street.
Any person disposed to purchase the whole of the above stock, may also have on reasonable terms his present dwelling house, together with the store, a more eligible situation for business in the tailor's line is not to be found in this city. The advantage of this business being so well esta- blished by the proprietor will be very great, and from well known facts, needs no comment A lease of six years may be had of the house. May 14, 2aw. 1/.
PRINTED BY CHILDS AND SWAIN, AT THEIR OFFICE, NO. 209, HIGH-STREET NEAR FIFTH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.