The daily advertiser (New York [N.Y.]), 1787-12-03 00:00:00

The Daily Advertiser.
[VOL. III.]
NEW-YORK: MONDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1787.
[No. 866.]
JERSEY MONEY. A VALUABLE consignment of MANCHESTER GOODS to be sold wholesale, on very reasonable terms, for which Jersey Money will be taken in payment, by JAMES RENWICK, No. 92, William-street, opposite Maiden-lane. N. B. The highest Price given for POT and PEARL ASHES. Nov. 19. 1787.
JUST ARRIVED To HUGH SMITH, No. 22, WALL-STREET, A general and complete assortment of 4-4, 7-8 & 3-4 Low-priced IRISH LINEN, which he will dispose of on reasonable terms for each. Sept. 15.
Sixty Pipes of MADEIRA, In pipes, hogsheads and quarter-casks, of superior quality, to be landed this day at Crugar's wharf, and to be sold by JOZE ROIZ SILVA. 22d Aug. 1787.
FOR SALE BY JOHN DEWINT, Maiden-lane, No. 36, A FEW hds. New-York Rum; ditto St. Croix Rum; a few cases gin; a parcel sugar in hds. writing paper, common and post; sundry articles of Dry Goods; a few boxes hylon and tions tea; 4 barrels gum of lignum vitae; and 2 pot-ash kettles, but have been a short time in use. Nov. 17.
BOURBON COFFEE, JUST arrived in the Sloop Betsey, Capt. Williams, now landing at Brownejohn's Wharf, and to be sold by LUDLOW and GOOLD. Nov. 23.
SALT-PETRE. A few hundred weight may be had very low of EFFINGHAM LAWRENCE, No. 227, Queen-street, facing the Fly-market. Also a large and general assortment of Genuine DRUGS & MEDICINES, Patent Medicines, Perfumery, Surgical Instruments, &c. for which Cash, Ginseng, Bees-wax, Snake-root, Potash and Pearl-ashes, &c. will be taken in payment. MEDICINE CHESTS complete, with directions. Orange Peas for issues. N. B. An APPRENTICE wanted. Oct. 12.
GEORGE POLLOCK, Has received by the Hudson from Dublin, and the Anne and Susannah from Liverpool, A general and complete assortment of 4-4, 7-8 & 3-4 Low-priced IRISH LINEN, which he will sell on very moderate terms, at his STORE, No. 28, Water-street. POT ASHES and FLAXSEED received in payment. Sept. 13.
JUST IMPORTED, In the ship MERCURY, Captain Grant, TENERIFFE WINES Of a very superior quality, which will be disposed of by the quantity or single Pipe, by JOHN C. SHAW, at his store opposite Van Zandt's wharf. Oct. 12.
GEORGE BARNEWALL & Co. No. 205, WATER-STREET, near the Coffee-house, HAVE just imported, in the ship Providence from London, an assortment of IRISH LINENS, SHEETINGS, DOWLAS and THREADS, low and high priced; which they will sell, on reasonable terms, for cash or short credit. They have also on hand, a variety of PAPER HANGINGS, with festoon and other borders; and rod, and other sized NAILS. July 7.
LINTSEED OIL. A QUANTITY of excellent country made Oil, in good casks, to be sold at No. 35, Little Dock-street, by STORM and SICKELS. 29th Aug. 1787.
Sugars, Cottons, Pimento, Coffee in the Shell, Fustick, and a few puncheons of Rum, &c. &c. JUST imported in the MARIA, Captain Maxwell, from St. Thomas's, landing at Murray's wharf, and to be sold by LUDLOW and GOOLD, Who have also for sale, Cassia, China, Cocoa, Fyal Wine, Gin in casks, Russia Duck, Ticklenburgs, Mahogany and Lignum Vitae; A few Trunks of the most fashionable Buttons, and Waistcoat Patterns; one Hhd. Cotton Wick, &c. &c. Oct. 30.
PORT WINE, Of a superior quality to any ever imported to this place. LANDING this day at Crugar's wharf, out of the Brig St. Jeanne Villa Nova, from Oporto, for Sale by JOZE ROIZ SILVA. June 14th.
LOT MERKEL, No. 33, Hanover-Square, nearly opposite the Bank, Manufactures and has for sale a complete and general assortment MUFFS and TIPPETS, of MARTIN and Martin Throat, Swan's Down and real Ermine, Russia and Siberia Squirrel, American Ground Squirrel, Russia Hare and red Fox, Real Black Jenet, belt forts, Mock Sable and Mock Ermine. Likewise a large and general assortment of Fur Trimmings and Edgings, for Ladies Cloaks, Coats and Habits, Ladies Cloak Linings, Gentlemen's Great Coats lined with Furr, Fur Gloves, &c. &c. *S* The above articles he is now selling on the most reasonable Terms for Cash only. N. B. Orders from the Country executed in the best manner. October 11, 1787.
George and Robert Lewis, & Co. No. 233, Queen-street, In addition to the Goods received by the Betsey and Willon, are now opening for SALE by the Montgomery, Capt. Bunyan, viz. 3-4, 7-8 and 4-4 Irish Linens, Dowlas and Sheeting, 4-4, 5-4 and 6-4 fashionable Shawls, Printed Linens and Cottons, 7-8, 9-8, fancy and Chintz Callicoes, Furniture ditto, A general assortment of cotton and linen Handkerchiefs, Leno, Lawn, and Black Silk, ditto. Bandanna and Romall ditto, 7-8 and 11-8, plain, corded, striped and checked Lawn, Rich fashionable Waist-coat shapes, Striped and gold-barred Tullinett Waistcoating, Florentines and Satins, An assortment of Hosiery, Table Cloths, Clouting-Diapers, &c. &c. &c. Which they are determined to dispose of at their usual low prices for Cash, Notes at a short date, and shipping produce. New-York, Nov. 21, 1787.
FAYAL WINES, OF A VERY SUPERIOR QUALITY, JUST imported from Fayal in the Sloop Crapple, Giles Hollister, master, and for sale on reasonable terms by LE ROY & BAYARD, No. 194, WATER-STREET; Who have likewise still on hand, LINSEED OIL, in Casks, Dutch; OSNABURGH; FLEMISH SHEETINGS; CARD WIRE; PEPPER in bales. 27th July.
BROTHERS, COSTER and Co. Have for sale at their Store No. 8, Duke-street, Just Imported in the COLUMBIA and the GRACE, from Amsterdam; BOHEA TEA, fresh, and of a superior quality, Suchong ditto, Pepper in Bales, best Holland Duck, Russia do. Raven's Duck, Russia Sheeting, Ticklenburg Linen, Osnaburgh do. Holland Silesia Sheeting, Plaitiles and Bretagnes, Brown Hollandois, Dowlas and Holland Bed-tick, Cambric, black Laces, and silk Hair Ribbons, a neat assortment of Callicoes, black Barcelona, Romall, cotton and linen Handkerchiefs, Checks and Holland Stripes, Hats, Writing Paper and Slates, Looking Glasses, Frying Pans and Dutch Iron Pots, Dutch Tea Kettles and Brass Kettles, best Claret in small cases for family use, Linseed Oil and Paints, Holland Geneva, in pipes, in large and small cases and jugs, Dutch Hatchels or Flax Combs, &c. &c. 23 Oct. 1787.
Just imported, and for sale by FREDERICK COCKLE, No. 193, Queen-street, PORTER in Casks, Keys, Bracelets, &c. 7-4, 8-4, 9-4 White-wool Cards, ney Rose Blankets, Seine Twine, Brushes of all sorts, Baskets, A small consignment of A few Kets of very excellent Jewellery Goods consisting of Gold Rings, Silver pickled Salmon, Lockets, Seals, Watch, Spirits of Turpentine. He has also for Sale the following seasonable GOODS, in the Ironmongery Branch: Warning Pans, Shot Pouches, Shovels and Tongs, Pewter Plates, Gridirons, Dishes, Bacons, Copper Tea-Kettles, Quart and Pine Mugs, Tea and Coffee Urns, Tea Pots, Brass Kettles, Water Plates, Copper Sauce-Pans, Brass Candlesticks, Do. Coffee Pots, Spades and Shovels, Bellows, Sheet Iron, Frying Pans, Pound Pins. With an assortment of most other GOODS in the above Branch. N. B. 300 M. NEEDLES, assorted. The above Goods will be sold on very low terms, for Cash, or for the late emission of the State of New-Jersey. New-York, September 19th, 1787.
HILL and OGDEN, No. 41, Great-Dock-street, have just imported by the Grace, from Amsterdam, and for sale on very reasonable terms, for Cash, Notes at short Payments, Pot-ashes, Flax-seed, Bar-Iron, Wheat or Flour, an assortment of the following articles, viz. TICKLENBURGS, oznaburghs, German dowlas, Russia diaper, platillas, Britannias, cotton and linen checks, sheetings of excellent quality, white Flemish linen, German stripes and checks, lawns, callicoes, writing paper, &c. They have likewise for sale, coatings, Yorkshire cloths, calimancoes, durants, flannels, Irish linens, &c. Also, IMPROVED FRANKLIN STOVES, cast in the Air-Furnace, at Newark, which, besides being exceedingly neat, are constructed to give more heat into the room, a remedy for smoky chimneys, and more secure from fire than any other. Also, Potash kettles, forge hammers and anvils refined from bog-ore, pig-metal, and approved by many years experience. N. B. Orders are received by them for every kind of hollow-ware and iron-castings, made at said Air-Furnace, and will be executed with dispatch and superior neatness. Oct. 31.
RUSSIA HEMP. A Quantity just imported in the ship WILLIAM, Capt. Whippy, from Hamburg, and for sale on reasonable terms, at No. 20, Peck-Slip, by Murray, Mumford and Bowen, Who have also for SALE 250 quintals excellent DRY COD-FISH, one half of which is scrawed in hogsheads; a few barrels BEEF in good order; Redwood, a quantity of Molasses, 20 boxes Spermaceti Candles, Raisins in casks, strained Sperm Oil, ground Ginger in barrels, St. Croix Rum and Sugar, York Rum, Hylon Tea, Russia Duck, rod. Nails, Zants Currants, Holland Powder, a quantity of Sheet Cork, pickled Cod-Fish and Herrings, 50 pieces Ravens Duck, 20 barrels Pearl Ashes, Salt Pease, Boston Mackerel, 3000 Dollars in New-York Final Settlement Notes. Wanted immediately one hundred thousand barrel Staves. 15th Sept. 1787.
PROCEEDINGS of the CONVENTION of PENNSYLVANIA.
Saturday, Nov. 24, A. M. 1787.
THE Convention met, pursuant to adjournment. The minutes of yesterday being read, the proposed Constitution of Federal Government was taken up for a second reading, after which the following proceedings took place.
Mr. McKean. Mr. President, there will perhaps be some difficulty in ascertaining the proper mode of proceeding to obtain a decision upon the important and interesting subject before us. We are certainly without precedent to guide us; but the utility of the forms observed by other public bodies, will be an inducement to adhere to them where a variation of circumstance does not render a variation of the mode essentially necessary. As far, therefore, as the rules of the Legislature of Pennsylvania will apply to the Constitution and business of this body, I shall recommend their adoption, but I perceive that in a very great degree we shall be obliged, for conveniency and propriety, to resort to new regulations, arising from the singularity of the subject offered to our consideration. For the present, however, I shall move you, Sir, that we come to the following resolution:
"Resolved, That this Convention do adopt and ratify the Constitution of Federal Government, as agreed upon by the Federal Convention at Philadelphia, on the 17th day of September, 1787."
This measure, Mr. President, is not intended to introduce an instantaneous decision of so important a question, but merely to bring the object of our meeting fully and fairly into discussion. It is not my wish that it should be determined this day, nor do I apprehend it will be necessary that it should be determined this day week; but it is merely preparatory to another motion with which I shall hereafter trouble you, and which, in my opinion, will bring on that regular and satisfactory investigation of the separate parts of the proposed Constitution, which will finally enable us to determine upon the whole.
Mr. Wilson. As the only member of this respectable body, who had the honor of a seat in the late Federal Convention, it is peculiarly my duty, Mr. President, to submit to your consideration the general principles that have produced the national Constitution, which has been framed and proposed by the assembled Delegates of the United States, and which must finally stand or fall by the concurrent decision of this Convention, and of others acting upon the same subject, under similar powers and authority. To frame a Government for a single city or State, is a business both in its importance and facility, widely different from the task entrusted to the Federal Convention, whose prospects were extended not only to thirteen Independent and Sovereign States, some of which, in territorial jurisdiction, population and resource, equal the most respectable nations of Europe, but likewise to innumerable States yet unformed, and to myriads of citizens, who in future ages shall inhabit the vast uncultivated regions of the continent. The duties of that body, therefore, were not limited to local or partial considerations, but to the formation of a plan commensurate with a great and valuable portion of the globe.
I confess, Sir, that the magnitude of the object before us, filled our minds with awe and apprehension. In Europe the opening and extending the navigation of a single river, has been deemed an act of imperial merit and importance; but how insignificant does it seem when we contemplate the scene that nature here exhibits, pouring forth the Potomack, the Rapahannock, the Susquehanna, and other innumerable rivers, to dignify, adorn, and enrich our soil. But the magnitude of the object was equalled by the difficulty of accomplishing it, when we considered the uncommon dexterity and address that were necessary to combat and reconcile the jarring interests that seemed naturally to prevail, in a country, which presenting a coast of 1500 miles to the Atlantic, is composed of 13 distinct and Independent States, varying essentially in their situation and dimensions, and in the number and habits of their citizens. Their interests too, in some respects really different, and in many apparently so; but whether really or apparently, such is the constitution of the human mind, they make the same impression, and are prosecuted with equal vigor and perseverance. Can it then be a subject for surprize that with the sensations indispensably excited by so comprehensive and so arduous an undertaking, we should for a moment yield to dependency, and at length, influenced by the spirit of conciliation, resort to mutual concession as the only means to obtain the great end for which we were convened? Is it a matter of surprize that where the springs of diffension were so numerous, and so powerful, some force was requisite to impel them to take, in a collected State, a direction different from that which separately they would have pursued?
There was another reason, that in this respect, increased the difficulties of the Federal Convention—the different tempers and dispositions of the people for whom they acted. But, however widely they may differ upon other topics, they cordially agreed in that keen and elevated sense of freedom and independence, which has been manifested in their united and successful opposition to one of the most powerful kingdoms of the world. Still it was apprehended by some, that their abhorrence of constraint would be the source of objection and opposition; but, I confess, that my opinion, formed upon a knowledge of the good sense, as well as the high spirit of my Constituents, made me confident that they would effect that Government to be the best, which was best calculated eventually to establish and secure the dignity and happiness of their country. Upon this ground, I have occasionally supposed that my constituents have asked the reason of my assent to the several propositions contained in the plan before us. My answer, tho' concise, is a candid, and, I think a satisfactory one—because I thought them right; and thinking them right, it would be a poor compliment indeed to presume they could be disagreeable to my Constituents—a presumption that might occasion a retort to which I wish not to expose myself, as it would again be asked, "is this the opinion you entertain of those who have confided in your judgment? From what ground do you infer that a vote right in itself would be disagreeable to us?" and it might with justice be added, "this sentiment evinces that you deserved not the trust which we reposed in you." No Sir!—I have no right to imagine that the reflected rays of delegated power can displease by a brightness that proves the superior splendor of the luminary from which they proceed.
The extent of country for which the New Constitution was required, produced another difficulty in the business of the Federal Convention. It is the opinion of some celebrated writers, that to a small territory, the Democratical, to a middling territory, (as Montesquieu has termed it) the Monarchical, and, to an extensive territory, the despotic form of Government, is best adapted. Regarding then, the wide and almost unbounded jurisdiction of the United States, at first view, the hand of despotism seemed necessary to control, connect, and protect it; and hence the chief embarrassment arose. For, we knew, that, although our Constituents would cheerfully submit to the legislative restraints of a free government, they would spurn at every attempt to shackle them with despotic power.
In this dilemma, a Federal Republic naturally presented itself to our observation, as a species of government which secured all the internal advantages of a Republic, at the same time that it maintained the external dignity and force of a Monarchy. The definition of this form of Government may be found in Montesquieu, who says, I believe, that it consists in assembling distinct societies, which are consolidated into a new body, capable of being increased by the addition of other members;—an expanding quality peculiarly fitted to the circumstances of America.
But, while a Federal Republic removed one difficulty, it introduced another, since there existed not any precedent to assist our deliberations; for, though there are many single governments, both ancient and modern, the history and principles of which are faithfully preserved, and well understood, a perfect confederation of independent States is a system hitherto unknown. The Swiss Cantons, which have often been mentioned in that light, cannot properly be deemed a Federal Republic, but merely a system of United States. The United Netherlands are also an assemblage of States; yet, as their proceedings are not the result of their combined decisions, but of the decisions of each State individually, their association is evidently wanting in that quality which is essential to constitute a Federal Republic. With respect to the Germanic Body, its members are of so disproportioned a size, their separate governments and jurisdictions so different in nature and extent, the general purpose and operation of their Union so indefinite and uncertain, and the exterior power of the House of Austria so prevalent, that little information could be obtained or expected from that quarter. Turning then to ancient history, we find

the Achaean and Lycian leagues, and the Amphictyonic council bearing a superficial resemblance to a Federal Republic; but of all these, the accounts which have been transmitted to us, are too vague and imperfect to supply a tolerable theory, and they are so destitute of that minute detail from which practical knowledge may be derived, that they must now be considered rather as subjects of curiosity, than of use or information.
Government indeed, taken as a science, may yet be considered in its infancy; and with all its various modifications, it has hitherto been the result of force, fraud, or accident. For, after the lapse of six thousand years since the creation of the world, America now presents the first instance of a people assembled to weigh, deliberately and calmly, and to decide leisurely and peaceably, upon the form of Government by which they will bind themselves and their posterity. Among the ancients, three forms of Government seem to have been correctly known, the Monarchical, Aristocratical, and Democratical; but their knowledge did not extend beyond those simple kinds, though much pleasing ingenuity has occasionally been exercised, in tracing a resemblance of mixed government in some ancient institutions, particularly between them and the British Constitution. But, in my opinion, the result of these ingenious refinements does more honor to the moderns in discovering, than to the ancients in forming the similitude. In the work of Homer, it is supposed by his enthusiastic commentators, the seeds of every science are to be found; but, in truth, they are first observed in subsequent discoveries, and then the fond imagination transplants them to the book. Tacitus, who lived towards the close of that period which is called ancient, who had read the history of all antecedent and contemporary governments, who was perfectly competent to judge of their nature, tendency, and quality, Tacitus considers a mixed government as a thing rather to be wished than expected; and, if ever it did occur, it was his opinion, that it could not last long. One fact, however, is certain, that the ancients had no idea of representation, that essential to every system of wise, good, and efficient government. It is surprising, indeed, how very imperfectly, at this day, the doctrine of representation is understood in Europe. Even Great-Britain, which boasts a superior knowledge of the subject, and is generally supposed to have carried it into practice, falls far short of its true and genuine principles. For, let us enquire, does representation pervade the constitution of that country? No. Is it either immediately or remotely the source of the executive power? No. For it is not any part of the British Constitution, as practised at this time, that the King derives his authority from the people. Formerly that authority was claimed by hereditary or divine right; and even at the Revolution, when the government was essentially improved, no other principle was recognized, but that of an original contract between the Sovereign and the people—a contract which rather excludes than implies the doctrine of representation. Again; Is the judicial system of England grounded on representation? No. For the judges are appointed by the King, and he, as we have already observed, derives not his Majesty or power from the people. Lastly, then, let us review the legislative body of that nation, and even there, though we find representation operating as a check, it cannot be considered as a pervading principle. The Lords, acting with hereditary right, or under an authority immediately communicated by regal prerogative, are not the representatives of the people, and yet they, as well as the sovereign, possess a negative power in the paramount business of legislation. Thus the vital principle of the British Constitution is confined to a narrow corner, and the world has left to America the glory and happiness of forming a Government, where representation shall at once supply the basis and the cement of the superstructure. For, representation, Sir, is the true chain between the people, and those to whom they entrust the administration of the Government; and, though it may consist of many links, its strength and brightness never should be impaired. Another, and perhaps the most important obstacle to the proceedings of the Federal Convention, arose in drawing the line between the national and the individual Governments of the States.
On this point a general principle readily occurred, that whatever object was confined in its nature and operation to a particular State, ought to be subject to the separate Government of the States, but whatever in its nature and operation extended beyond a particular State, ought to be comprehended within the Federal jurisdiction. The great difficulty, therefore, was the application of this general principle, it was found impracticable to enumerate and distinguish the various objects to which it extended, and as the mathematics, only, are capable of demonstration, it ought not to be thought extraordinary that the Convention could not
develope a subject, involved in such endless perplexity. If, however, the proposed Constitution should be adopted, I trust, that in the theory there will be found such harmony, and in the practice such mutual confidence between the national and individual Governments, that every sentiment of jealousy and apprehension will be effectually destroyed. But Sir, permit me to ask, whether on the ground of a Union, the individual or the national Government ought most to be trusted? For my part, I think it more natural to presume that the interest of each would be pursued by the whole, than the reverse of the proposition, that the several States would prefer the interest of the confederated body; for in the general Government each is represented, but in the separate Governments, only the separate States.
These difficulties, Mr. President, which embarrassed the Federal Convention, are not represented to enhance the merit of surmounting them, but with a more important view, to shew how unreasonable it is to expect that the plan of Government should correspond with the wishes of all the States, of all the citizens of any one State, or of all the citizens of the United Continent. I remember well, Sir, the effect of those surrounding difficulties in the late Convention. At one time the great and interesting work seemed to be at a stand, at another it proceeded with energy and rapidity, and when at last, it was accomplished, many respectable members beheld it with wonder and admiration. But having pointed out the obstacles which they had to encounter, I shall now beg leave to direct your attention, to the end which the Convention proposed.
Our wants, imperfections, and weakness, Mr. President, naturally incline us to society; but it is certain, society cannot exist without some restraints. In a state of nature each individual has a right, uncontrouled, to act as his pleasure, or his interest may prevail, but it must be observed that this licence extends to every individual, and hence the state of nature is rendered insupportable, by the interfering claims, and the consequent animosities of men, who are independent of every power and influence, but their passions and their will. On the other hand, in entering into the social compact, though the individual parts with a portion of his natural rights, yet, it is evident that he gains more by the limitation of the liberty of others, than he loses by the limitation of his own,—so that in truth, the aggregate of liberty is more in society, than it is in a state of nature.
It is then, Sir, a fundamental principle of society, that the welfare of the whole shall be pursued and not of a part, and the measures necessary to the good of the community, must consequently be binding upon the individuals that compose it. This principle is universally allowed to be just with respect to single governments, and there are instances in which it applies with equal force to independent communities; for, the situation and circumstances of states may make it as necessary for them, as for individuals, to associate. Hence, Mr. President, the important question arises—are such the situation and circumstances of the American States?
At this period, America has it in her power to adopt either of the following modes of Government: She may dissolve the individual sovereignty of the States, and become one consolidated empire; she may be divided into thirteen separate independent, and unconnected Commonwealths; she may be erected into two or more confederacies; or lastly, she may become one comprehensive Federal Republic.
Allow me, Sir, to take a short view of each of these suppositions. Is it probable that the dissolution of the State governments, and the establishment of one consolidated empire, would be eligible in its nature, and satisfactory to the people in its administration? I think not, as I have given reasons to shew that so extensive a territory could not be governed, connected, and preserved, but by the Supremacy of despotic power. All the exertions of the most potent Emperors of Rome were not capable of keeping that Empire together, which in extent was far inferior to the dominion of America. Would an independent, an unconnected situation, without any associating head, be advantageous or satisfactory? The consequences of this system would at one time expose the States to foreign insult and depredations, and, at another, to internal jealousy, contention, and war. Then let us consider the plan of two or more confederacies which has often been suggested, and which certainly presents some aspects more inviting than either of the preceding modes, since the subjects of strife would not be so numerous, the strength of the confederates would be greater, and their interests more united. But even here when we fairly weigh the advantages and the disadvantages, we shall find the last greatly preponderating; the expences of government would be considerably multiplied, the seeds of rivalry and animosity would spring up, and spread the calamities of war and tumult through the country; for tho' the sources of rancor
might be diminished, their strength and virulence would probably be encreased.
Of these three species of Government, however, I must observe, that they obtained no advocates in the Federal Convention, nor can I presume that they will find advocates here, or in any of our sister States. The general sentiment in that body, and, I believe, the general sentiment of the citizens of America, is expressed in the motto which some of them have chosen, UNITE OR DIE; and while we consider the extent of the country, so intersected and almost surrounded with navigable rivers, so separated and detached from the rest of the world, it is natural to presume that Providence has designed us for an United People, under one great political compact. If this is a just and reasonable conclusion, supported by the wishes of the people, the Convention did right in proposing a single confederated Republic. But in proposing it they were necessarily led, not only to consider the situation, circumstances, and interests of one, two, or three States, but of the collective body; and as it is essential to society, that the welfare of the whole should be preferred to the accommodation of a part, they followed the same rule in promoting the national advantages of the Union, in preference to the separate advantages of the States. A principle of candor, as well as duty, led to this conduct; for, as I have said before, no Government, either single or confederated can exist, unless private and individual rights are subservient to the public and general happiness of the nation. It was not alone the State of Pennsylvania, however important she may be as a constituent part of the Union, that could influence the deliberations of a Convention, formed by a delegation from all the United States, to devise a Government adequate to their common exigencies, and impartial in its influence and operation. In the spirit of Union, inculcated by the nature of their commission, they framed the Constitution before us, and in the same spirit, they submit it to the candid consideration of their constituents.
Having made some remarks upon the nature and principles of civil society, I shall now take a cursory notice of civil liberty, which is essential to the well-being of civil Government. The definition of civil liberty is, briefly, that portion of natural liberty which men resign to the Government, and which then produces more happiness, than it would have produced if retained by the individuals who resign it;—still, however, leaving to the human mind the full enjoyment of every privilege that is not incompatible with the peace and order of society. Here I am easily led to the consideration of another species of liberty, which has not received a discriminating name, but which I will venture to term Federal liberty. This, Sir, consists in the aggregate of the civil liberty, which is surrendered by each State to the national Government; and the same principles that operate in the establishment of a single society, with respect to the rights reserved or resigned by the individuals that compose it, will justly apply in the case of a Confederation of distinct and independent States.
These observations have been made, Mr. President, in order to preface a representation of the state of the Union, as it appeared to the late Convention. We all know, and we have all felt, that the present system of Confederation is inadequate to the government and the exigencies of the United States. Need I describe the contrasted scene which the Revolution has presented to our view? On the one hand, the arduous struggle in the cause of liberty terminated by a glorious and triumphant peace; on the other, contention and poverty at home, discredit and disgrace abroad. Do we not remember what high expectations were formed by others and by ourselves on the return of peace? And have those honorable expectations from our national character been realized? No!—What then has been the cause of disappointment? Has America lost her magnanimity or perseverance? No! Has she been subdued by any high handed invasion of her liberties? still I answer No! For, dangers of that kind were no sooner seen, than they were repelled. But the evil has stolen in from a quarter little suspected, and the rock of Freedom, which stood firm against the attacks of a foreign foe, has been sapped and undermined by the licentiousness of our own citizens. Private calamity, and public anarchy have prevailed; and even the blessing of Independence has been scarcely felt or understood by a people who have dearly achieved it.
Shall I, Sir, be more particular in this lamentable history? The commencement of peace, was likewise the commencement of our distresses and disgrace. Devoid of power, we could neither prevent the excessive importation which lately deluged the country, nor even raise from that excess a contribution to the public revenue; devoid of importance, we were unable to command a sale for our commodities in a foreign market; devoid of credit, our public securities were melting in the hands of their deluded owners, like snow before the sun; devoid of
dignity, we were inadequate to perform treaties on our own part, or to compel a performance on the part of a contracting nation. In short, Sir, the tedious tale dwells on me, and I fondly hope, it is unnecessary to proceed. The years of languor are over. We have seen dishonor and destruction, it is true, but we have at length penetrated the cause, and are now anxious to obtain the cure. The cause need not be specified by a recapitulation of facts, every act of Congress, and the proceedings of every State are replete with proofs in that respect, and all point to the weakness and imbecility of the existing Confederation; while the loud and concurrent voice of the people proclaims an efficient national Government to be the only cure. Under these impressions, and with these views, the late Convention were appointed and met; the end which they proposed to accomplish, being to frame one national and efficient Government, in which the exercise of beneficence, correcting the jarring interests of every part, should pervade the whole, and by which the peace, freedom, and happiness of the United States should be permanently ensured. The principles and means that were adopted by the Convention to obtain that end, are now before us, and will become the great object of our discussion. But on this point, as upon others, permit me to make a few general observations.
In all Governments, whatever is their form, however they may be constituted, there must be a power established, from which there is no appeal; and which is therefore called absolute, supreme, and uncontroulable. The only question is, where that power is lodged?—a question that will receive different answers from the different writers on the subject. Sir William Blackstone says, it resides in the omnipotence of the British Parliament, or in other words, corresponding with the practice of that country, it is whatever the British Parliament pleases to do; So that when that body was so base and treacherous to the rights of the people as to transfer the legislative authority to Henry the eighth, his exercising that authority by proclamations and edicts, could not strictly speaking be termed unconstitutional, for under the act of Parliament his will was made the law, and therefore, his will became in that respect the Constitution itself. But were we to ask some politicians who have taken a faint and inaccurate view of our establishments, where does this supreme power reside in the United States? They would probably answer, in their Constitutions. This, however, tho' a step nearer to the fact, is not a just opinion; for, in truth, it remains and flourishes with the people; and under the influence of that truth, we, at this moment, sit, deliberate and speak. In other countries, indeed, the revolutions of Government are connected with war; and all its concomitant calamities. But with us, they are considered as the means of obtaining a superior knowledge of the nature of government, and of accomplishing its end. That the supreme power, therefore, should be vested in the people, is, in my judgment, the great panacea of human politics. It is a power paramount to every Constitution, inalienable in its nature, and indefinite in its extent. For I insist, if there are errors in Government, the people have the right not only to correct and amend them, but likewise totally to change and reject its form; and under the operation of that right, the citizens of the United States can never be wretched beyond retrieve, unless they are wanting to themselves.
Then let us examine, Mr. President, the three species of simple Governments, which, as I have already mentioned, are the Monarchical, Aristocratical and Democratical. In a Monarchy, the supreme power is vested in a single person; in an Aristocracy, it is possessed by a body, not formed upon the principle of representation, but enjoying their station by descent, by election among themselves, or in right of some personal or territorial qualification; and, lastly, in a Democracy, it is inherent in the people, and is either exercised by themselves or by their Representatives. Each of these systems has its advantages, and its disadvantages. The advantages of a Monarchy are strength, dispatch and unity: its disadvantages are expence, tyranny, and war. The advantages of an Aristocracy are experience, and the wisdom resulting from education: its disadvantages are the dissention of the Governors, and the oppression of the people. The advantages of a Democracy are liberty, caution, industry, fidelity, and an opportunity of bringing forward the talents and abilities of the citizens, without regard to birth or fortune: its disadvantages are dissention and imbecility; for the assent of many being required, their exertions will be feeble, and their councils too soon discovered.
To obtain all the advantages, and to avoid all the inconveniences of these Governments, was the leading object of the late Convention. Having therefore considered the formation and principles of other systems, it is natural to enquire, of what description is the Constitution before us? In its principles, Sir, it is purely democratical; varying in

ded, in its form, in order to admit all the advantages, and to exclude all the disadvantages which are incidental to the known and established Constitutions of Government. But when we take an extensive and accurate view of the streams of power that appear through this great and comprehensive plan, when we contemplate the variety of their directions, the force and dignity of their currents, when we behold them intersecting, embracing, and surrounding the vast possessions and interests of the Continent, and when we see them distributing on all hands, beauty, energy and riches, still, however numerous and wide their courses, however diversified and remote the blessings they diffuse, we shall be able to trace them all to one great and noble source, THE PEOPLE. Such, Mr. President, are the general observations with which I have thought it necessary to trouble you. In discussing the distinct propositions of the Federal plan, I shall have occasion to apply them more particularly to that subject, but at present, I shall conclude with requesting the pardon of the Convention for having so long intruded upon their patience.
When Mr. Wilson had concluded, Mr. Smilie rose, and entered into a severe animadversion upon the nature of the motion offered by Mr. M c Kean, which however, he observed, was consistent with the system of precipitancy that had uniformly prevailed in respect to the important subject before the Convention. He observed that we were repeatedly told of the peculiar advantages which we enjoy in being able deliberately and peaceably to decide upon a Government for ourselves and our posterity, but we find every measure that is proposed leads to defeat those advantages, and to preclude all argument, and deliberation, in a case confessedly of the highest consequence to the happiness of a great portion of the globe. What, continued he, can be the object of the motion? Is it to bring on a hasty and total adoption of the Constitution? Let it be remembered that the Federal Convention consumed four months in framing it, and shall we not employ a few days in deciding upon it? If it is that noble, that perfect system, we have been told it is, why interfere with the fullest investigation of its principles, since, in that case, the better they are understood, the more they will be approved. The most common business of a legislative body is treated with greater delicacy, being submitted to repeated discussions, upon different days, and are we on a point of such magnitude to determine without information, to agree in toto to so complicated a system, before we have weighed and examined its constituent parts? No, Sir, it is our duty to go coolly, and circumstantially into the consideration of this business, and by comparing it, at least, with the circumstances and exigencies of our country, ask with firmness, is such a sacrifice of civil liberty, necessary to the national honor and happiness of America? For my part, I think otherwise, though, at the same time I am sensible of the expediency of giving additional strength and energy to the Federal head. But we are not so situated as to be obliged to accept any terms, and if this plan is such as we ought not to accept, I hope this Convention will have candor and fortitude enough to reject it.
Mr. M c Kean followed Mr. Smilie, and remarked that the object of his motion was declared, when it was proposed: It was not to preclude, but to promote a free and ample discussion of the Federal Plan. But as to the precedents which are pointed out from the legislature of Pennsylvania to guide our proceedings; if they were always right, which I do not think they are, still no parallel can be drawn between the nature of their business and ours, consequently their rules cannot apply. We do not come here to legislate; we have no right to enquire into the power of the late Convention, or to alter and amend their work; the sole question before us, is, whether we will ratify and confirm, or, upon due consideration reject, in the whole, the system of Federal Government that is submitted to us. But because this is the only question which we can decide, does it follow that we are not minutely to investigate its principles in every section and sentence? No Sir, that will be our duty before we conclusively say whether we will ratify or reject; but precedents in point of proceeding cannot be drawn from any part of the world, for we are the first people who have ever peaceably assembled, upon so great and interesting an occasion.
Mr. Whitehill stated that, in his opinion, the object of the motion had been misunderstood by the member from Fayette, which was undoubtedly intended to bring the subject fairly before the Convention. Indeed I cannot perceive how we can decide upon the whole without having first considered every part, and in order to do that with convenience and effect, I presume a motion to go into a committee of the whole Convention, which I mean to propose, will be adopted. Notwithstanding the arrangements there may be reasonable objections urged against the proposed plan, and if it is found that it conveys to the Federal Government
rights and liberties which the people ought never to surrender, I hope no speculative argument will seduce us into a confirmation which bind ourselves and our posterity forever."
The Convention then adjourned to meet on Monday afternoon at three o'clock P. M.
New-York, Dec. 3.
We learn that on the 1st instant, the Board of Treasury, in pursuance of a late act of Congress, appointed JOSEPH HARDY, Esq. Accomptant of the Treasury.
On Friday evening arrived his Britannic Majesty's Packet, Lord Hyde, Capt. Blyde, in 49 days from Falmouth.
London papers, received by the Lord Hyde British packet, bring intelligence only to the 6th October. Nothing fresh, therefore, respecting European transactions, can be expected, as the Irish papers, by the late arrivals, have enabled us to anticipate anything which the packet could furnish.----- We will, however, to-morrow, make such extracts as may appear to be of importance.
Saturday arrived the ship Ann and Susan, Capt. William Chevers, in 10 weeks from Newry, with passengers.
Also arrived the Schooner Friendship, Smith, from Baltimore, and the sloop Liberty, M c Bride, from Antigua.
On the 22d ult. his Excellency WILLIAM SMALLWOOD, Esquire, was unanimously re-elected Governor of the State of Maryland.
On the 23d ult. in the House of Delegates of the State of Maryland, it was "Resolved, that the Hon. James M c Henry, Daniel of Saint Thomas Jenifer, Daniel Carroll, John Francis Mercer, and Luther Martin, Esquires, deputies from this State to the late Convention, be requested to attend this house on Thursday the 29th inst. to give this house information of the proceedings of the said Convention."
"Resolved, nemine contradicente , that the proceedings of the Federal Convention, transmitted to the General Assembly, thro' the medium of Congress, be submitted to a Convention of the people of this State, for their full and free investigation and decision."
On the 24th ult was launched at Harris's-Creek, Baltimore, by the ingenious Mr. Stodder, the beautiful ship Goliath, of 600 tons, (the property of Abraham Van Bibber, Esq.) designed for the East-India Trade.
Yesterday arrived the ship Merchant, Banker, and ship Fallbrook, Wilson from Cork; ---Ship Lord Courtland, Dillen, Antigua; ---Sloop ---, Mullin, Turks Island; ---and brig Sally, Wood, Cape de Verd.
Brig New-York, Shackelford, from New-York, is arrived at Bouleaux.
Letters from Bristol of the 1st October, inform us that the port of Bristol had been opened for the importation of American Wheat.
Last Friday being the Anniversary of St. ANDREW, the titular Saint of Scotland---the fame was celebrated here by the St. ANDREW's Society.
The last advices from Europe announce the death of CHARLES, III d , King of Spain.
The appearances of war in Europe have raised the Insurance on British ships from 3gs. per cent. to 10gs.---with a proviso, that 7gs. be returned in case war does not take place.
*** ADVERTISEMENTS, Essays, and Articles of Intelligence, omitted this day for want of room, will appear to-morrow.
IMPORTED
Per the last Ships from London and Amsterdam, and to be SOLD at the Store of
URIAH HENDRICKS,
No. 43, Hanover-square, cheap for cash or produce, the following Goods, viz. BEST bend leather, in sides; boot legs and vamps, Morocco leather, sheet copper, for sheathing or stills, with bottoms, cocks and rivets, complete; foller and borax, London pewter, Russia, Ravens, and Hollands duck; ozanburghs, fine white and brown Russia sheatings; diapers and towelling; an assortment of best Holland boultng cloths; brass kettles in nests; brass candlesticks; Bath metal ditto. N.B. He will take in payment for any of the above goods, or give cash for, old gold and silver, copper or brass. Nov. 29. 4.
MANCHESTER GOODS.
Imported in the Montgomery, Capt. Bunyan, and for Sale on very reasonable terms,
By DANIEL TUCKER, & Co.
No. 202, Water-street, for Cash or Country Produce only. 7-8, 4-4, and 4-4 3-8, Cotton Checks, Striped Ticks, Dyed Pillows. Black and Olive Velveteens, low priced; Checked Handkerchiefs, Malabars; Copperplate Furniture Cottons, Black Silk Handkerchiefs, Cotton Thicksets, Men's and Women's Beaver Gloves, Romall Handkerchiefs, Fancy Printed Do. 1-2 Dozen cases of Hats, low priced, and well assorted. Dec. 1. tf.
ALL Persons having demands against the estate of the late ARCHIBALD GAMBLE, of this city, merchant, deceased, are requested to bring in their claims properly attested, for settlement; and all persons indebted to the said estate by bond, note or book debt, are requested to make payment as soon as possible, to the subscriber, who is legally empowered for settling the same. MATTHEW WETZEL, at No. 16, Wall-street.
Who has for Sale,---yard wide IRISH LINENS in small cases, well assorted; DOWLAS and CARD-WIRE. Nov. 29. 2W.
SALES AT AUCTION, THIS DAY,
XI o'clock at the Coffee-House Bridge, 10 Crates of Queen's Ware, consisting of Cups and Saucers, Plates, Mugs, Bowls, &c. And a quantity of HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE.
TO-MORROW,
XI o'clock, at No. 83, Broadway, (Being the property of Mrs. Livingston,) The remainder of Household Furniture; And a quantity of elegant Plate.
On WEDNESDAY,
At my Auction-Room, No. 14, Hanover-square, An assortment of DRY GOODS. And a parcel of mens wearing apparel. JAMES BARCLAY.
By PUBLIC AUCTION,
On THURSDAY, At TWELVE o'clock precisely, At Mr. Bradford's house, opposite the Old slip, will peremptorily be sold, THE SCHOONER BETSEY,
BURTHEN 45 tons, or thereabouts, at which place she now lies. Inventory to be seen at the time of sale, or at my office, No. 21, Wall-street. JAMES INGLIS.
N.B. To make it more convenient to such as may incline to purchase her, any kind of country produce will be taken in payment at the highest market price.
SALES AT AUCTION.
On WEDNESDAY, X o'clock, At the Auction Room, No. 239, Queen-street, Will commence the Sale of A large assortment of Watches and Jewellery;
And will be peremptorily sold, they being the property of a person deceased. They consist of the following enumerated articles, and many others too tedious to mention:--
Silver Watches; Stone Shoe, Knee, and Stock Buckles; Gold Rings; Garnet and Pearl Ditto; Watch Seals and Springs; Gold Brooches; Gold and Silver Sleeve Buttons; Locket Brooches; Pearl Stock Buckles; Silver Shoe and Knee Buckles; Stone Sleeve Buttons, set in Silver; Watch Trimmings of all sorts; Plated Salts and Crewits; Silver Tea Spoons; Tortoise-shell Tooth-pick Cases; fine Scissars, with Silver cases; Pencil Cases, with glasses; Smelling Bottles; Ladies' Pocket-Books, &c. M c FARRAN and DUNLAP.
PUBLIC AUCTION,
By Hugh Smith, TO-MORROW, at X o'clock, At No. 22, Wall-street, A general and seasonable assortment of DRY GOODS.
To be Sold at Auction,
On Monday the 17th day of December inst. At the Merchants' Coffee-House, between XI and 1 o'clock, Ten LOTS of GROUND,
Belonging to the estate of Anthony A. Rutgers, deceased, lying to the Southward of the Hospital; 6 of which are on the South side of BARLEY-STREET, and four on the East side of CHURCH-STREET. A map thereof may be seen, previous to the day of sale, by applying to Lewis Ogden, No. 41 Great-Dock-street.
One third part of the purchase money, to be paid on the delivering of the deeds, and the residue within six months thereafter; for payment whereof, a bond with satisfactory security, or mortgage on the premises will be required.
LEONARD LISPENARD, } Executors. LEWIS OGDEN, New-York, December 3d, 1787.
The Chevalier Godernaux's Powder.
M c HARDY, Surgeon of his Most Christian Majesty's Ship the Courier de l'Europe, being appointed agent to vend the celebrated Powder of the Chevalier Godernaux, begs leave to acquaint the public, that he has brought over a large quantity of the said Powder, which will be sold at Eight Dollars the Packet, containing ten doses. A packet is generally found sufficient for the cure of most disorders. For further information apply to Mr. Hardy, surgeon on board the said Packet.
N.B. Said Powder is a sovereign remedy for the Venereal Disease, as likewise the measles, small-pox. Dec. 1. 3t.
Wanted Immediately,
A NURSE, to attend on a single Gentleman who is sick. She must perfectly understand making Soups, Pates, &c. Enquire of the Printer. Nov. 29. tf.
WANTED,
A WET NURSE, with a good Breast of Milk, that can be well recommended, to take the care of a Child to nurse. Enquire of the Printer. Nov. 30. 18m. 3w
Excellent French Brandy,
HYSON and GREEN TEAS, for Sale by JOHN DELAFIELD, No. 29, Water-street. Nov. 28. 1ct.
SALES THIS DAY,
X o'clock, at No. 20, Wall-street, A general and elegant assortment of fresh Imported
DRY GOODS,
Amongst which are Superfine Broad Cloths and Coatings, Thicksets of the first quality, Olive and black Velvets, Corduroys and Irish Lashings, 53 pieces Cotton Checks, from 7 to 11-8 wide, 20 pieces 2-purple Callicoes, and 13 do. Furniture do. 70 doz. silk and cotton Romal Hhfs. 30 doz. men and boy's Hats, from 2/6 to 8/6 per piece sterling, Wildbores, Camblets and Shalloons, Cambricks and Lawns, 12 pieces Lutestring, and a few pieces Sattin, And a number of saleable articles, not enumerated. R. HUNTER.
SALES at AUCTION,
By Frederick Jay, TO-MORROW, XI o'clock opposite the Coffee-House, 2 pipes Port Wine, 50 doz. London Porter, 20 boxes Chocolate, 10 jars Raisins, 10 kegs Olives, and a parcel of HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE, &c. &c.
On WEDNESDAY, X o'clock,
At No. 244 Queen-street, A large assortment of DRY GOODS, Including fifty pieces of Broad Cloths.
On WEDNESDAY the 5th December, Between 12 & 1 o'clock at the Coffee-House, THOSE three valuable and pleasantly situated LOTS of GROUND, in the Bowry-Lane, containing upwards of seven acres each, only two miles and a half from the city. On one of the Lots are two convenient and well finished houses, one of them a two story house, and lately occupied by William Seton, Esq.
PUBLIC AUCTION,
THIS DAY, IX o'clock, At No. 221, Queen-street, A Compleat assortment of Hardware, Ironmongery and Cutlery. The articles too tedious to enumerate. JOHN RAMSAY.
SALES at AUCTION,
TO-MORROW, At the Coffee-House at XII o'clock, 4 pipes Port, 16 casks Lisbon } WINE.
On WEDNESDAY,
At the Auction-Room, No. 208, Water-street, A very large and valuable assortment of DRY GOODS,
Consisting of Woolens, Irish Linens, Checks, Diapers, Callicoes, Chintzes, Fancy Cotton, Printed Linen, and Silk Handkerchiefs, Mullins, Lawns, Gauzes, and a great variety of other articles.
On MONDAY, the 10th of December,
At the Merchants' Coffee House, In pursuance of an order of the Court of Common Pleas, called the Mayor's Court of the City of New-York, according to the Act, entitled, "An Act for the partition of lands," passed the 16th March, 1785, a DWELLING-HOUSE and LOT of GROUND, situate and being at the South-East corner of Pearl-street and White-hall street, and also a DWELLING-HOUSE and LOT of GROUND, situate and being in Whitehall-street aforesaid, adjoining the lot of Thomas Randall, Esq. Oct. 30. 1ct JOHN READE, } Commissioners. JAMES A. STEWART, } JOSEPH HALLETT, } A. L. BLEECKER.
PUBLIC AUCTION
TO-MORROW, At the Auction-Room, No. 37, Great-Dock-street, A variety of DRY GOODS,
Amongst which are---Broad Cloths and Coatings, Corduroys, Callicoes, Chintzes, Irish Linens, Hair Ribbons, &c. &c. Also, a parcel of HARDWARE. ISAAC MOSES.
To the Curious.
To be seen at Mr. Stevens's Livery Stables, Wall-street, near Pitt's Statue, Two CAMELS,
M c ALL and female lately imported from Arabia. These stupendous animals are most deserving the attention of the curious, being the greatest natural curiosities ever exhibited to the public on this continent. They are 18 hands high, have necks three feet eight inches long, a large hunch upon their back, and another under their breath, in the form of a pedestal, on which they support themselves when lying down; they have four joints in their hind legs, and they will travel five or six days without drinking, and carry a burthen of fifteen hundred weight; they are remarkably harmless and docile, and will lie down and rise at command. Price of admittance one shilling for gentlemen and ladies, and six-pence for children.

For LONDON, The SHIP Generous Friends, EDWARD GRAY, master, FURTHER 350 tons, a British ship, with a Mediterranean Pass, will sail on or before the 15th December, one half of her cargo being ready to go on board, and will take the other on low terms. For Freight or Passage apply to the master on board, at Jno. Franklin's wharf, or Wm. NIELSON, No. 49, Great Dock- street. Nov. 26.
For LONDON. The Ship Montgomery , James Bunyan, Master, Has good accommodations for passengers, and will sail with all convenient speed. For freight or passage apply to the Master on board, at Hallett's wharf, or to William Seton and Co. No. 12, Hanover- square. Nov. 27.
For CHARLESTON, South-Carolina. The Sloop PEGGY, WILLIAM ELLIOTT, Master, Lying at Kortwright's wharf, having good accommodations for passengers, and will sail in a few days.---For freight or passage, apply to the Master on board, or to JOHN JACKSON, 78, Water-street. Nov. 6.
For LONDONDERRY. The Ship HUDSON, ROBERT FOLGER, Master, Now lying at Lupton's wharf, has the greatest part of her cargo en- gaged, and will sail in 15 days. For freight or passage, apply to the Master on board, or Messrs. MURRAY, MUMFORDS and BOWEN. Nov. 6, 1787.
WESTCHESTER, ff. PUBLIC NOTICE is hereby given, that, by virtue of a writ to me directed, issued out of the Court of Chancery for this state, I shall expose to sale at PUBLIC VENDUE, on the seventh day of January next, at two o'clock in the afternoon of same day, at the dwelling-house of John Mandeville, Innkeeper, at Peck's-Kill, in the said county of Westchester, a certain farm or parcel of land with the appurtenan- ces, and which, in the mortgage of the same, from William Bailey to Philip Schuyler, is described as follows, that is to say: All that certain piece or parcel of land, situated, lying and being in the manor of Cortlandt and county of Westchester, being part of river lot, number eight, and begins by a maple tree standing on the West side of the post road, by a mud bridge to the Southward of Van Tassel's house; from thence West forty chains to the upper part of a creek, commonly known by the Indian name of Managh; thence down along the said creek, as it now runs, to a ditch, from thence along said ditch, about South fifty three degrees East, to a stake with stones on the up- land, it being Francis Lent's Northerly bounds of his meadow; thence down along the upland and meadow to a stake standing four chains to the North- ward of the mouth of the said creek Managh; from said stake North seventy-seven degrees East seven chains; then South fifteen degrees West seven chains and twenty links to a marked tree; then South fifty- one degrees West two chains and fifty links to Hud- son's River; then down along the said river about seven chains to a stake with stones; thence South six- ty-five degrees East about eight chains to Francis Lent's South-West corner; then North fifty degrees East ninety chains to Francis Lent's North-West corner; then about North eleven degrees West to the place where it first began; containing two hundred and six- ty-five acres, two roods, in all. Given under my hand the nineteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-se- ven. 12N7W JOHN THOMAS, Sheriff.
To be Sold at Private Sale, The Farm, Grist and Saw-Mills, whereon the Subscriber now lives, known by the name of Squires-Point, about 37 miles from New-Brunswick, 40 miles from Trenton, 14 from Easttown, in a fine wheat country. The Farm contains 164 acres of good land, on which there is a very genteel house, with four rooms on a floor, a large barn with several small dwelling-houses; the Grist-Mill has two run of stones, in excellent order, and the Saw-Mill almost new, on a never-failing stream of water; also a Negro Man, a complete miller; likewise three Farms, containing 200 acres each, about two miles from the Mills. For further particulars, enquire of Mr. John Ramsay, Mr. Alexander Stewart, Mr. Hay Stevenson, in New-York, or to the owner on the pre- mises. JOHN RAPALJE. Squires-Point, Sept. 24th, 1787.
THOMAS BURLING, CABINET and CHAIR-MAKER, At the Sign of the Chair, near the Chapel, in Beck- man-street, formerly Chapel-street. ACKNOWLEDGES the many favors received from his friends and the public, and would wish to inform them that he has opened a Ware Room of MAHOGANY and other FURNITURE, on a more ex- tensive plan than heretofore; and for the conveni- ence of strangers and others, who may resort to, or settle in this city, he means to keep an assortment where they may be supplied on the shortest notice; for it must hurt the feelings of every citizen to ob- serve the daily importations strangers are liable to, in purchasing new furniture at these public vendues. He served his time with Samuel Prince, a conspi- cuous character in his way, and esteemed one of the best workmen in this city; and as he has laid in a stock of the best Mahogany and other Wood, and means to employ the best hands, and sell his work at the lowest rate good work falls to, he flatters himself with being able to give satisfaction to his customers. Bed Chairs for the sick having been much wanted in this city, said Burling has provided some to let. Nov. 10.
FLAX-SEED, Stored, cleaned purchased and sold, at HARTELL and WOODWARD'S FLAX-SEED STORE, lately occupied by Mr. Ja- cob Sarly, last by Mr. Nash, between Van Zandt's and Murray's Wharves. Oct. 22.
CABLES of any length, and CORDAGE of all sizes, made of Peterburg Hemp, first quality, To be had at the Subscriber's Rope-walk, or at his Store, between Fly-market Stairs and Burling- slip, on the very lowest terms. Cables spliced with the addition of any length required; Cables or Cordage of any size reduced into yarn, and made into Rope to any dimensions, at a very small expence. by HEZEKIAH IVERS, Rope-Maker. July 25th, 1787.
TOBACCO and SNUFF, Of the best quality and flavor, to be had by Peter and George Lorillard, At their Tobacco and Snuff Manufactory, No. 4, Chatham-street, above the New Goal; PIGTAIL, plug, and cut Tobacco, kitesfoot and common smoking; also leaf Tobacco, by the hoghead or smaller quantity. Macuba Snuff at 8/ per bottle, Macaboy Snuff at 4/ per bottle, Sarsburgh, Brazil and scented Rappee Snuff at 2/ per bottle, scented Rappee in leads, at 1/6 lb. Rappee not scented, at 1/5 lb. Manufactured Tobacco and Snuff will be exchanged for leaf Tobacco in hogsheads or casks, or To- bacco taken and manufactured on the most reasona- ble terms. Whoever may want any of the above Tobacco or Snuff, shall receive them good as any on the continent. N. B. Proper allowance will be made to those that want a quantity. 3m Sept. 13.
A CAUTION to OWNERS and MASTERS of VESSELS, THAT they beware of rigging which is made of Holland yarn; for it is made in great quanti- ties and exposed to sale, to the hurt of the buyer. It is of such a base quality, that it is not sufficient for cables or rigging of any kind: it is spun and dressed off in such a manner, as makes it difficult for the buyer to know it from the best rope. In order to try its evil quality, let the buyer take a few yards of the fag end of the rope, and open them into hemp, and if it prove to be short tow, you may take it for granted to be Holland yarn; which is spun of short tow and refuse of the hemp, that is manufactured in- to sail-cloth in Holland. N. B. If it should be enquired who are the pro- moters of this caution, be it known that we are a com- pany of rope-makers, who think it too tedious to insert our names here. tf New-York, Nov. 8.
G. VERPLANCK HAS FOR SALE, at No. 41, WALL-STREET, on very reasonable terms for CASH, CAMBRICKS, white Platellas, Ivory Combs, Pist- tol Powder, Pepper, Geneva in Cases, Holland Duck, Raven's do. Russ: Sheeting, Calicoes and Tapes, Dutch Mill Saws, &c. &c. Also, about fifteen tons of Andover PIG-IRON, very cheap. 9th Aug. 1787.
HOGS' BRISTLES. WANTED, by the Subscribers, a quantity of Hogs' Bristles, for which Two Shillings per pound will be given, provided they are dressed clean; those in the rust, One Shilling and Three-pence per lb.---The Subscribers having erected a BRUSH MANUFACTORY, at No. 4, Peck's-Slip, where they propose carrying on the Brush Making Business in all its branches,---Store-keepers and others may be furnished with all sorts on as low terms as any imported, to which they hope the preference will be given them, as the work is equally good if not bet- ter; and as they will warrant their work not to fail till worn out by use, they flatter themselves with expectation of getting a sufficient supply of this country Bristles, that they may not be under the ne- cessity of importing their stock from England;---the Farmers, by being careful in the season of killing, may have sufficient to supply them in this business.--- Country Store-keepers would be the most proper per- sons to collect them. Those who will please to undertake the collecting them, will meet with a ready sale, and be the means of promoting a very useful branch of business, which may be carried on in this state, and put a stop to the importing that commodity. The least favor will be gratefully acknowledged, by ANANIAS COOPER and Company. New-York, Nov. 5, 1787. m 8m
JERSEY MONEY. WILLIAM KIRBY, Pewterer, At No. 23, Great Dock-street, opposite the Old-Slip, and near Hanover-square, HAS for sale, a large and general assortment of PEWTER WARE, wholesale and retail, con- sisting of the following articles, for which Jersey Paper-Money will be received without any discount: ---Dishes, Plates and Bacons; Tankards, quart and pint pots; quart and pint and 1-2 tea-pots; straight and round ditto; pint and half-pint porringers; soup, table and tea spoons; ditto ladies and round bowl spoons; large chamber-pots; chair and bed pans; measures, from a gallon to a gill; quart and pint bowls; infusing pots, approved of in colds and con- sumptions; dish and bacon callenders; hoghead, barrel and bottle cranes; with many other articles in the Pewter way too tedious to mention. Old Pewter will be taken in exchange for new. N. B. Said Kirby has several LOTS of GROUND to dispose of, lying near the North River. m
NOTICE is hereby given to all persons indebted to the estate of William Everitt, of the city of New-York, an Insolvent Debtor, that unless they make immediate payment to the subscribers; Assignees of the estate of the aforesaid William Everitt, the accounts will be put into the hands of an Attorney, and all persons having claims against said William Everitt's estate, previous to his dis- charge, under the act of Insolvency, are requested to present their accounts properly attested, on Friday the 6th of January, at the house of Robert Nelsit, in Beckman-street. JAMES CARPENTER, } Assignees. ASHER COOK, } New-York, Nov. 12, 1787. 3w
** The Printer having obtain- ed a Copy of some OBSERVA- TIONS made in the late FEDE- RAL CONVENTION, by a Mem- ber of that Body, the Public may be furnished with them at the printing-office.---Price 2s.
To be Let until the first of May, THAT pleasantly situated HOUSE, No. 13, cor- ner of Beekman and William-street; For particulars, apply at the premises. tf Oct. 27.
500 or 1000 Pounds IS wanted for one to three years; for which in- disputable security will be given. Enquire of the Printer. tf Oct. 25.
FOR SALE BY ROBERT JOHNSTON, No. 14, Water-street, in the house lately occupied by Colonel Samuel Ogden,
A Large and general assortment of IRON CAST- INGS, among which are the following, viz. Iron hollow ware of all sizes, Pot-ashes kettles, cast with bottom down, Clock and window weights, griddles large and small Tea-kettles large and small, bake-pans do. do. Cart, waggon, coach and chair boxes, 56, 28, 14 and 7 lb. weights with rings, Mortars and pestles, sad irons, Franklin stoves, large and small, Rittenhouse do. do. Ten and six-plate do. do. close stoves with pipes, Sharp's new invented stove grates, Canada stoves for larger rooms, Patent cabooles for ships, with one and two boilers, grates and oven, Fire places with jambs complete, Back plates of every dimension, Hibernia, Mount Hope, New Mine and Andover pig metal, Gudgeons and mill irons, Refined and Bloomery bar iron, spike iron, sheetop Nail rods of all sizes, Iron hoops for hds. and bbls. horse shoes, 20d. 12d. 10d. and 8d. nails, 7 inch, 6 inch and 5 inch spikes, Crowley and blistered steel. The above articles will be sold for cash and coun- try produce, at the lowest prices; and a large allow- ance made to those who buy to sell again. All orders for wrought or cast iron will be duly at- tended to, and forwarded, agreeable to pattern, at the shortest notice. tf Oct. 29.
SHALER and SEBOR No. 27 Queen-street, have for sale, A QUANTITY of plated ware, consisting of can- dlesticks, branches, tea caddies, snuff pans, egg cups, goblets, coffee pots and Muffineers, black table cakes, with knives, forks, and spoons com- plete, crust stands, paper bottle stands, japanned bread-trays, caddies and snuff pats, plate warm- ers, brass chasing dishes, cork screw, fleeteen- faders, brass rings, cloak pins, sleeve buttons, brass table hinges, guns and gun locks, China tea cups, chimney tiles, sets of house brushes, near mahog- any razor cakes, silver watches, elegant steel and gilt watch chains, trinkets, shirt pins, buckles, rings, paste, shoe, knee, and stock buckles and sleeve but- tons, fine Irish sheeting, fine dyed jeans, Marseilles quilting, silk shaggs, black crape, white and black gauzes, muslinets, muslins, seertuckers, hababias, fisterfoys, barregore, romalls, corded dimity, and a box of assorted bouling cloths, with a variety of other articles which will be disposed of for cash or shipping produce, at a price much below the sterling cost. At same place may be had, Madeira, Teneriffe, and Malaga wine, by the pipe or quarter cask, Cham- paine of an excellent quality, by the case or dozen, striped duffel blank ts, a variety of hard ware, a large assortment of Irish linens, 3-4, 7-8 and 4-4, re- ceived by the Montgomery, are now opening, and will be sold together with the above goods on the lowest terms. New-York, November 27, 1787.
TO BE SOLD, By GEORGE DOUGLASS, At No. 14, Fly-Market, FIFTY boxes Castile soap, kiln dried Indian meal, 1000 lb. new hops, Quebec patent essence of spruce, Goshen and Jersey butter, in firkins, salt-pe- tered hams, molasses in hds. sugar in barrels, brandy in pipes, geneva in cases, refined bar iron, neatly drawn, Franklin stoves, eight plate do. Philadel- phia make. N. B. Two Dutch Fans for cleaning In- dian corn, wheat, &c. to be sold or hired. N. 10. tf
To be had at LOT MERKEL's Store, No. 33, Hanover-square, nearly opposite the Bank, TOBACCO for SMOOKING; KITFOOT of the first quality; ditto of an inferi- or ditto; large roll tobacco, fit for manufac- turers; segars, genuine Macuba snuff; ditto rappee of different qualities; gentlemen's gloves, buck- skin and beaver, of the first quality. At the above Store the highest price is given for SHIPPING FURS, June 13. f
WHEREAS the Co-Partnership of the House of Henry Arnold Coffer, Bohl Behlen, Haro Joachim Coffer and Herman Gerard Hammacher, established in this City, under the Firm of BRO- THERS, COSTER and Co. was, on the 20th day of October last, dissolved by mutual consent: all per- sons having any demands against the said House, are requested to furnish their accounts immediately, and those who are indebted to them, will be pleased to make payment to Henry Arnold Coffer, one of the said House, on or before the 31st day of December, or their accounts will, without distinction, be put in the hands of an Attorney; he being fully authorised to settle the same. N. B. The Business, under the Firm of Brothers, Coffer and Co. will in future, be carried on by Henry Arnold Coffer and G. L. Cammann. New-York, Sept. 28, 1787. tf
IN CHANCERY. Robert Richardson Crofs, et alii, } PURSUANT versus } to a decree George Clinton, Esq. and Nicho- } made in the a- las C. Bogart. } bove cause, by the honorable the Chancellor, the following premi- ses, late the estate of Cornelia Blan, deceased, will be Sold at Public Auction, at the Merchant's Coffee- House, in the City of New-York, on the fifteenth day of December next, at twelve o'clock at noon, of the same day, to wit: All that certain Mesuage or Dwelling House and lot of Ground, situate, lying and being in the said City, in Broad-street, nearly op- posite the Exchange; containing in front on the west side, thirty-six feet six inches, and in the rear or east side, thirty-five feet, on the south-side, adjoining the lot now or late of William Milliner, sixty-eight feet, and to the north adjoining the lot now or late of Samuel Francis, sixty feet, be the same more or less; together with all and singular the heredita- ments and appurtenances to the same premises be- longing, or in any wise appertaining. The purchase money to be paid on the delivery of the deed to the purchaser or purchasers thereof, pur- suant to the decree aforesaid; the other conditions will be made known at the time and place of sale. JAMES M. HUGHES, Master in Chancery. Dated this 20th day of Nov. 1787. 12f.
SADLER and BAILIE, No. 215, Water-street, Are now landing at the Old-Slip, from on board the Minerva, from Ireland and Teneriffe, which they will sell for Cash. Notes at a short date, Pot and Pearl Ashes, Barrel Staves or Flax-seed; TENERIFFE WINE, in pipes, hogsheads, and quarter casks. Red Port Wine in pipes and quarter casks, Irish Linens, 4-4, 7-8 and 3-4 wide, Dowlas 7-8 & 3-4 wide, Sheeting 9-8 & 5-4 wide, BROWN LINENS of different widths and qualities, Printed Linens, Chintz Patterns for gowns Bed Tickens 7-8, 3-4 and 13-15 width, Towelling and Diaper, from 3 to 10 quarters wide, * * These Linens have been laid in from the last July market. Black Everlasting, Corduroys and Thicksets, Velveteens, Jeans and Jean- nets, Ribbons, Ratcens and Coatings, Cambicks, Leather Shoes and Boots, Stuff Shoes, Blankets and Rugs, Mullin Weymouth Gowns for ladies, in patterns, Silk and Linen Handker- chiefs, Men and women's Gloves, Manchester Cotton Checks 7-8, 4-4 & 11-8 wide, A variety of Hard Ware, Indigo, &c. tf
WILLIAM USTICK, jun. No. 33, Queen-street; HAS just received from the SALLY and other late vessels from Bristol, a general assortment of IRONMONGERY and CUTLERY; Amongst which are---Nails, Glass, Paints, Sheet Iron, Sheet Lead, blistered and Crawley Steel, Anvils, Vices and Beck Irons, Brass Kettles, Iron Pots and Kettles, Frying Pans, Spades and Shovels, Shovel and Tongs, Bellows, Warming Pans, brass and iron Can- dlesticks, hard and soft Waffle Irons, men and boys Scates, long handle hair Brooms, Brushes of all kinds, Knives and Forks, Pen and Jack-knives, Shears and Scissors, wire and spring Moule and Rat Traps, Jacks, Cloaks, Brad., and Screws of all fi- zes, Locks and Hinges of every kind, Carpenter's, Coopers and Joiner's Tools, &c. &c. He has also for sale Pickled Mackerel, Salmon and Herrings, which he will dispose of on reasona- ble terms for Cash; also Nails of all sizes, manu- factured in this city, and equal to any imported. New-York, Nov. 15, 1787. tf
To be LET, on reasonable Terms, A GENTLEFURNISHED ROOM, near the Coffee- House, very suitable for a single gentleman, or a small family. For particulars enquire at No. 19, Water-street. N. B. BOARDING may be had if required, and a front Cellar. Nov. 17. tf
For SALE by WALTER NICHOLS, No. 4, Beekman-slip, London particular Madeira in pipes and hds. Lisbon in quarter casks, } WINES. Choice Corsica in pipes & hds. Cayenne Cotton by bale, 50 Barrels kiln dried Indian Meal, A quantity excellent Bend Seal-Leather, &c. &c. Nov. 5, 1787. tf
FOR SALE, A very valuable LOT of GROUND, situated upon the East River, near the Ship-Yards, bounded by the river upon the South, and by Water-street up- on the North, containing 93 feet 4 inches, front and rear, 139 feet upon the West, and 129 feet upon the East sides. A small Plan of the ground is left with the printer, who will direct where to apply. tf Aug. 24.
STOLEN, FROM the Subscriber, living at North-Castle, on the 26th of Sept. ult. a BLACK HORSE, seven years old last Spring, pretty well set, fourteen hands and an half high, a natural trotter, has a scar on his buttock partly on the near side, some white hairs in his forehead, a kind of mark round his nose, where it has been galled with the halter when he was a colt. Whoever secures said Horse, so that the owner may have him, shall receive Five Dollars Reward, and Ten Dollars for the Thief, from 4th Oct. 1787. tf DAVID LANE.
ATTWOOD and TRONSON, Have for sale, at their Store, No. 11, Great Dock- street, A general assortment of Swedes and American Bar IRON, CONSISTING of Axe Iron, Cart Tire, Waggon, Chair and Sleigh Tire, mill Irons, and Iron of uncommon square; Steel of all kinds, English faggot the much esteemed blistered L.O. American blistered and Tub Steel, Anvils of all sizes, Back Irons, Vices, &c. &c. A variety of Castings and other articles, which they will sell low for cash, or country produce. All orders for cast Iron, or wrought Iron for mill work, &c. will be duly received, and executed with dispatch. * * Bar Iron or any other article, received and sold on commission. A quantity of Albany Pease for sale. Oct. 9th, 1787. tf
L A N D. TO be Sold, several LOTS of LAND, lately fur- veyed and laid out by Thomas Palmer, lying and adjoining to the Great Pond, about four miles back of Newburgh, in the county of Ulster. For particulars, enquire of JOHN R. MYER, in King- street. ed 1D Nov. 8.
C A S H, And the HIGHEST PRICES given, for all kinds of CONTINENTAL and STATE SECURITIES, PARTICULARLY Basker's, Barber's, Burrall's, Pierce's and Walker's NOTES and FACILI- TIES, at No. 49, Wall-street, four doors from the corner of Queen-street; Where are for sale, Excellent old MADEIRA WINE, in pipes or quar- ter-casks, BEEF, PORK, and BAR IRON. July 24.
OAKUM, For Sale, Of the first quality, by the ton or a single hundred; at 25 shillings per hundred, gross. Also a par- cel of Points, Mats and Gaskets, and a quantity of good rigging of different dimensions. Enquire of Francis Balle, Lawrence Bottree, Elijah Cocke, Obadiah Seaman, and Elias Nezen.
Printed by FRANCIS CHILDS, No. 22, Hanover-Square.