Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1791-09-28 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 44, of Vol. III.]
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1791.
[Whole No. 252.]
FROM THE (PROVIDENCE) UNITED STATES CHRONICLE.
CHARGE,
Delivered by the Hon. DAVID HOWELL, Esq., to the Graduates on the last Commencement Day, at Providence.
YOUNG GENTLEMEN,
THE occasion which has devolved on me the duty of addressing you, cannot fail to impress your minds with an uncommon degree of seriousness.
Your beloved President, from whose lips you have been accustomed to receive lessons of Wisdom, is not here to give you his last benediction—He is gone to the World of Spirits—and, as we hope and trust, to receive the rewards of his labours of Love and of Virtue.
The Patrons of the College could not, however, permit you to bid adieu to this Institution without authorising one of their number to address you.
Altho' I have not a personal acquaintance with all of you, and cannot, therefore, be supposed to entertain such an affectionate solicitude for your welfare as your immediate Instructors: yet, the part I have taken as an Overseer of your progress in learning, and the former relation I sustained to this College, for many years, as a Teacher, awaken in me, on this solemn occasion, the most tender and sincere concern for your future welfare in life.
The pittance of time allotted to a collegiate education, can only suffice to lay the foundation of learning: the superstructure must be reared by the assiduous attention of after years.
This day enlarges you into the world. Extensive fields open to your view. You have to explore the scenes, and to make an election of the character that best pleases you on the great Theatre of Life.
"Seeketh thou great things to thyself? Seek them not," said the ancient prophet to Baruk his scholar and scribe. An overweening fondness for our own abilities leads us, in the ardour of youth, to portray in our imagination future greatness: Time and experience only can correct the error, and reduce us to think of ourselves soberly, and as we ought. Human life is full of disappointments.
A readiness to listen to council is the surest mark of wisdom in youth—"in the multitude of council there is safety." When therefore you are about to take any important step in life, omit not to consult your friends; and let your decision be the result of deep reflection, and the most careful circumspection.
If you wish for prosperity in your worldly affairs, rise early in the morning, and attend to your own business with diligence, punctuality and order—pay a sacred regard to truth and justice—live temperately, and moderate your passions by listening to the voice of reason. Take not the lead in fashions—nor suffer yourselves to be noted for singularity. Discover your knowledge on proper occasions, but avoid an affected and pedantic display of it.
Let the Rights of man ever be held sacred—a moment's reflection will convince you that others' rights are as inviolable as your own; and a small degree of virtue will lead you to respect them. He that serves mankind most successfully, and with the best principles, serves his Creator most acceptably. Be cautious of bandying into parties—they regard neither the abilities nor virtues of men, but only their subserviency to present purposes—they are a snare to virtue, and a mischief to society—With this caution on your mind, you will never revile or speak evil of whole sects, classes or societies of men.
In the choice of friends and companions, rather aspire to those above you in life, than sink to those below; the former line of conduct will mark a generous ambition, the latter indicates baseness and exility of thought; from the former you are to expect advantages, from the latter an incumbrance. To obtain this object will require the extension of your abilities and the growth of your virtues.
Never aim to rise in life by depressing others—it is more manly to rely on the strength of one's own abilities and merit. Avoid publishing or even listening to scandal. To mention with pleasure the virtues even of a rival, denotes a great mind.
Trifle not with yourselves, nor suffer yourselves to be trifled with by others. If you rightly estimate your own merit, the world will not long differ from you. Avoid contradictions, or soften them. Aim to instruct and entertain your company rather than to divert them with the affectation of wit and fecklessness of a droll.
Render to your superiors due respect. Order is Heaven's first law. Nature teaches subordination—society demands it. The best soldiers make the best officers, and the best citizens the best rulers.—Yet carefully distinguish the honors paid to rank and office, from those paid to personal merit; and let the latter be the principal object of your ambition.
Forget not this precious motto—"Nihil humanum a me puto alienum." Consider every one in human shape as your brother—and let Charity in golden links of love connect you with the Brotherhood of Man"—Let your benevolence be broad as the ocean—your candor brilliant as the sun, and your compassion and humanity extensive as the human race.
The brevity and uncertainty of life should admonish us never to procrastinate the duties of the present time. Of all things our salvation is of the greatest moment. Man is fallen into a wretched state of sin and depravity and needs a renovation of nature—the implantation and cultivation of the sublime virtues of Christianity, to restore him to his true dignity—to qualify him for happiness.—The very natures of GOD and his creatures give birth to fixed and immovable relations between them. These are the foundations of virtue, and as solid as those of the everlasting mountains. It is not possible for man to become happy otherwise than by conforming to the Laws of his Nature—by becoming really and truly such as man ought to be, in thought, word and deed.
The sacred scriptures are to be the study of your lives;—nor let it be thought an employment beneath a gentleman, Newton, Locke, and the most eminent Philosophers studied and wrote commentaries on them. It is a mark of vanity to speak lightly of revelation—not to admire those ancient and sublime books shows a want of taste in fine writing as well as of real judgment in discerning truth. And here let me caution you never to ridicule whatever may be held sacred by any devout and judicious man—If you cannot join with him, at least do not disturb him by your irreverence.
Young gentlemen, it is your good fortune to enter on life in a country peculiarly favored by the bounteous hand of Nature and blessed with the best government in the world. Your education distinguishes you among your fellows—the eyes of many are fixed on you. Your parents and friends have, no doubt, the most flattering hopes of your future eminence; do not disappoint them. The patrons of this College also feel a peculiar interest in your
prosperity, let me intreat you, therefore, as you esteem your friends—as you respect the place of your education, resolve to act your parts in life well—may Heaven strengthen you with grace to do so.
The day is at hand when all of us, whether young or old now, must appear and give an account of our conduct before the Creator and Governor of the world—"that is the day of days, the important day"—as the Poet says—"for which all other days were made" Time, with all its concerns and enjoyments will then vanish from our cager grasp—Eternity will then commence—and a solemn COMMENCEMENT will that be—your worthy President has gone before you—If you loved him, or if you even love yourselves, let me in the most earnest and solemn manner, call on you to recollect, and imprint on your memory, his pious care over you—his faithful Admonitions, and his amiable example, and to prepare to follow him.
In behalf of the Corporation, Young Gentlemen, I bid you FAREWELL.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
SONNET.
FREE as the lightsome spirit of the wind That daunces o'er the rosy vales in Spring, And bears the heavenly odours on its wing, Were all the pleasures of my youthful mind; Till ANNA's beauty caught my wandering soul: Her eye the soft betrayer of her heart, Her touching grace form'd by no rules of art, Transfix my mind and all its powers controul. When by my lamp amidst the gloom of night, I strive to hold a converse with the dead; Lo, ANNA darting from a flood of light! Before me stands, and banishes each shade. Where'er I go her spirit haunts me still, Or in the vale, or on the craggy hill.
CHAMONT.
BERLIN, July 10.
ON the 4th, the Prince Henry gave an entertainment, and erected the monument in honour of the Prince of Prussia, his brother, the father of our Monarch. The concourse of people assembled on the occasion was immense. As Rheinsberg was insufficient to contain all the people who had assembled, it became necessary for them to disperse themselves in the neighboring villages. The Prince invited to the entertainment all the subalterns and soldiers of our garrison who had served in the war of seven years, and defrayed their expences.
July 16. A marriage between the Princess Frederica, eldest daughter of the King, with the Duke of York, is concluded upon, and to-morrow the formal betrothing will take place at Potsdam, in the presence of all the Royal Family. Upon this occasion there will be great rejoicings as well in this capital as at Potsdam. The marriage, it is thought, will take place in autumn, at the same time as that of the Princess Wilhelmina with the Hereditary Prince of Orange.
CHERBOURG, July 12.
This wonderful harbour, which has puzzled and defied half the engineers in Europe, now presents a proud proof that France was right in her speculations. It forms a capacious and secure asylum for the largest fleet that can be wanted; and what is singular, during all the disturbances and commotions of France, the work has proceeded uniformly, and the workmen regularly been paid.
COPENHAGEN, July 24.
Our Monarch, not content with having set a laudable example, by laboring paternally to ameliorate the situation of his subjects, has lately addressed an exhortation to all landholders, and persons subject to statute-work of all kinds, to adopt amicable compositions with respect to tythes, the repair of highways, &c. It is to be hoped that this wise exhortation will not be thrown away, and that the example of the Prince will give additional energy to the reasons which he has employed.
PARIS, July 18.
The Decree concerning the inviolability of the King's person, having occasioned uncommon fermentation among the citizens of this capital, a tumult was accordingly expected.
On Saturday the Jacobins and other societies, drew up a petition to the Assembly, praying them to call a new Legislature, on purpose that the crimes of Louis XVI. might be judged and determined by Representatives who should express the wishes of the people. This was circulated among the citizens for subscriptions, as was also an address, entreating them to preserve their respect for the laws; and endeavor to procure the late Decree to be rescinded by constitutional means alone.
Yesterday morning an immense crowd repaired to the Champ de Mars, to sign the petition alluded to. On their arrival having discovered two persons concealed below the Altar, dedicated to Gallic Freedom, the people unfortunately suspected them of an intention of blowing it up by means of gun-powder, and actually, in violation of every idea of law and of justice, executed them on the spot.
On notice of this, the Municipal officers immediately repaired to the Champ de Mars, accompanied with detachments of horse and foot, and also several pieces of artillery.
They then proclaimed Martial Law, and after having fired two or three rounds with powder only, the National Guards were at length obliged to have recourse to ball, as they still experienced resistance. Several of the mob were killed, and many wounded, on the spot.
It is but justice to add, that this guilty and frantic multitude do not appear to have attempted any thing against the National Assembly.
July 21. M. Duveyrier, the commissioner dispatched some time since to the royal fugitives at Worms, has given an account of the events of his mission. On the 17th he set off from Paris with M***, his cousin and old friend, one of the King's Guards. On the 21st, at nine o'clock in the evening, he arrived at Worms, and intimated his mission to M. Conde. The next day he followed him to Coblenz. The Elector of Treves, and M. d'Artois, and de Conde had a conference, after which they dispatched M. Duveyrier to Aude-mack. They told him that his mission displeased M. Conde, and still more the French officers, which the latter sufficiently marked by injurious treatment. He in vain waited for an answer from M. de Conde. Intelligence arrived of the King's flight. M. d'Artois went to Aix-la-Chapelle, and M. de Conde to Worms. M. Duveyrier took the road for France, and passing through Luxembourg, in which city M. Bouille and his suit then were, he was arrested and detained twenty-two days, without permission to write. He was insulted by French officers in prison; and at last, conducted by a party of Hulsans, who left him on the frontiers, near Longevia.
The Jacobines' Club is no longer frequented by those who value their reputation; since the schism, formed by the secession of all the Members of the National Assembly, only Bankrupts in honour and in fortune, continue to herd together in that den of anarchy and mischief. We at all times asserted that the Jacobines were a national nuisance, and would finally, if not obstructed, cause the ruin of France; the conduct of the majority of that Club, with respect to the decree issued in favor of monarchy, evinces that we predicted right; it was through them that the riot on Saturday and Sunday arose; they dictated all the evils which have long distracted France; they aimed at overturning the new system by abolishing monarchy, and by encouraging licentiousness and confusion; it must cease then to be a wonder that the Representatives of the nation have withdrawn themselves from the Jacobines' meeting place; they are now in the vicinity of their own house, at the Feuillans, where they mean to carry on their primitive design; they have addressed all the associated clubs in the kingdom to engage them to continue their literary intercourse with them, being, as they style themselves—"The Friends of the Constitution"—the cloven foot, however, appears in the address; in it we read the following—"The club was destined to prepare the decrees of the National Assembly.—The fact is, that the Section of Mauconseil, under the immediate order of the vilest mob, commanded the Cordeliers' club. The Cordeliers gave laws to the Jacobines, and to the National Assembly—so that the blackguards of Mauconseil, the St. Giles' of Paris, have hitherto governed France and Frenchmen; so much for innovations and the rights of men!—A new era is now arising—may reason, and not metaphysics guide this deluded people.
In one single class of manufacturers in this country, viz. those who used to fabricate livery clothes and lace, there are at least 20,000 workmen reduced to absolute beggary. What then must become of all the manufacturers of the kingdom.
July 24. The National Assembly have taken steps to sequestrate the possessions of the Prince of Conde.—This measure, at the present moment, appears precipitate and ill-timed.

July 25. Yesterday morning M. de la Fayette reviewed the citizen-soldiers of the department of Paris, destined for the defence of the frontiers. In the Champ Elises . They are a fine body of troops, being composed entirely of young men, and amount to exactly 2000 in number. Tomorrow they are to march to Grenelle, where they will be joined by a detachment of the troops of the line.
A prodigious number of people have been arrested, on account of the late disturbances.
All our pamphlets, journals, and even handbills, now openly plead the cause of republicanism.
A new periodical paper, to which the noted Paine contributes, has taken the title of the Republican, declares the King a useless being, and a grievous burden, from which the robe ought now to be exonerated; and whether Louis XVI, is a weak man, or a hypocrite, a fool, or a knave, he ought to fall into the common class of citizens, and to be no more spoken of, but under the name of Mons. Louis Bourbon.
Mons. Cazales and Mons. Montloisier, two of the most loyal royalists, as well as honest citizens, have resigned their seats, concluding with Cato, that
When vice prevails, and impious men bear sway, The post of honour is a private station.
On the whole, the majority of the Assembly see the necessity of lenient and conciliating measures, but are afraid to adopt them.
Our republican clubs are masters over the people, and the people are the tyrants over the Assembly.
L O N D O N, July 22.
The spirit of violence is now so strong against the King in Paris, that a memorial has been presented to the National Assembly by a body of the people, declaring, "that they will never acknowledge Louis XVI, nor any other king, unless the majority of the nation expresses a wish to that effect." In almost every street of Paris, some one or other was haranguing the mob against the decree of the Assembly on the King's inviolability, when the messenger came away.
Moderate people, however, think that the National Assembly's granting inviolability to the King was one of the most prudent steps they could take to save their country from the horrors of a foreign war. It was next to an impossibility that the Emperor, or the King of Spain, could be quiet spectators of a contrary conduct, and yet from the intestine divisions of the several clubs in Paris, their late determination seems to threaten a civil war, unless some temporary expedient be hit upon.
Conflagration and plunder being now held as proofs of loyalty, we shall not wonder at hearing the destruction of the Dutch dock-yards was occasioned by the zeal of some loyal citizens.
No circumstance could be more propitious to the accomplishment of the French revolution, than the schism which has revolted so many of the Club des Jacobins. To this society were united all the lower clubs in the nation embracing republican notions; its dismemberment, and the institution of a new one by the disaffected members, will give a death blow to such establishments, and the people will repose, when these nurseries of faction are destroyed, their implicit confidence in their immortal National Assembly.
Whatever there may be to admire in the plan of the new constitution of France, its effects are unknown, nor can we predict by the experience of former times, for here is a something the world never saw nor heard of before. Its admirers boast that it is perfect in all parts, but we have already found that it is not permanent in any part; many of these laws or regulations, which were intended to be unalterable, have already been altered or expunged; and though the whole system is built on a set of abstract ideas, and of philosophical speculations, they have already experienced, that they must, like all other legislators, yield to circumstances, and to the spirit of the times. On these accounts, and from the additional consideration that France is at present under a system of martial law, its constitution obliged to be guarded by an immense standing army, and the people fettered by the law of passports, a species of slavery this country never knew, it was our opinion, that the time for celebrating an anniversary is not yet come. If according to their accounts, their constitution is built, we are certain it is not habitable, and is destitute of many conveniencies, which a building, that they may think more mean, is actually possessed of.
From the late meeting in London, danger was apprehended, and very properly guarded against. In our opinion, the alarm however, was greater than necessary; and we could have wished, that instead of exasperating paragraphs, this meeting had been treated with silent contempt, or with ridicule only. But though London escaped the danger on Thursday, we are very sorry to learn that other places have not been so fortunate. Birmingham has been a scene of savage riot. Several
houses have been destroyed, and much valuable property. For a mob like this, no excuse can be offered; nor can we conceive how this mob were allowed to become formidable without that early and firm opposition, which at once destroys such combinations. The mischief that has happened, will, no doubt, be ascribed to the Ministry. "It will be said, the ministerial writers," as they are called, incited the mob to destroy the houses and chapels of the Dissenters. Calumnies like those might be easily refuted, if a serious refutation were not a compliment to the calumniators. All that we shall observe on the subject, is, that the republican party may now see, that the spirit of the people is against them: they will therefore act wisely in forbearing their public rejoicings and anniversaries hereafter, and reflect (it is an old doctrine) that no good man or good citizen will do that, though he may be free to do it, which will tend to disturb the public peace, and create tumult and confusion.
On the 3d June, the managers of the House of Commons, not conceiving it necessary to rejoin to Mr. Hastings' defence, their lordships at half past two o'clock adjourned to their own house.
Thus, barring the final decision of the lords, closes a trial every way a wonder—Prosecuted upwards of four years by the commons, and defended in the brief span of two hours.
The suspended sentence will naturally be expected with awe—it will be considered as the fiat of the greatest tribunal upon earth.
The Empress of Russia is by no means of the Marquis of Lansdowne's opinion, that Great-Britain will bring her grey hairs with sorrow to the grave; at least, she continues to throw from her all appearance of entertaining such apprehensions.
Te Deum was lately sung in the Polish Church at Rome, by way of thanks for the advantages which the new constitution of Poland secures to the Catholic religion. The Pope assisted at this ceremony, and shewed great favor to all who contributed to the grand event which it was meant to celebrate.
Dr. Bennet, the Bishop of Cork, on a late visitation of the Diocese, found a number of industrious poor using their endeavours to support large families by the grain and potatoes of small parcels of land which were charged with tithes; this good prelate, in the true spirit of Christian benevolence, not only remitted his share of the tenth of their produce, but ordered the entire amount of his tithe to be distributed among the deserving poor, amounting to a sum not less than 700l. It may be recommended to each of his dignified brethren, in the language of Holy Writ, — "Go! and do thou likewise!"
The Court of Directors of the Bank of Ireland have determined to add 240,000. to the capital stock of their Bank; and for that purpose to call upon the proprietors of Bank Stock at the rate of 40 per cent. on their respective shares, to be paid into the Bank by the following instalments, viz. 10 per cent. on the 20th of September,—10 per cent. on the 20th of December,—10 per cent. on the 20th of March, 1792,—10 per cent. on the 20th of June, 1792.
The naval force of Spain consists of 68 ships of the line, amongst which are 12 of 112 guns each, besides 4 of 58 and 1 54 guns.
The Vienna Gazette presents a circumstance the more noticeable, as it is the only state paper in Europe which has as yet given a decisive opinion on the French Revolution!—When that paper mentions the change in the latter kingdom as a rebellion, and the National Assembly as a self created body, there cannot remain a doubt either of the sentiments or designs of the Emperor.
The terrible fire which consumed the arsenal at Amsterdam, the Dutch are convinced was not the effect of accident. Each party accuses the other. The friends of the Stadtholder declare that the patriots did it to prevent a fleet being sent to aid the French King's cause; the mob have therefore insulted many of them, and never were cockades so frequent as now in Amsterdam, since all who appear without them are maltreated.
Extract of a letter from Paris.
"Madame Bailli told a female friend, a few days ago, that were it not for her patriotism, and the seventy two thousand livres which the nation, through gratitude, pour into her coffers, she would make her husband resign the troublesome post of mayor of Paris.—What a fine thing patriotism is!"
"A most desperate engagement took place at Montpellier between the national guards and the aristocratic party—many were killed on both sides."
"M. de Bonille's house, in the environs of Paris, was last week stripped of every moveable that was thought worth taking away."
July 23. A letter from Gibraltar, dated the 2d of June, mentions, that the Brother of the Emperor of Morocco had excited an insurrection in the Province of Suz, and having assembled an army of 100000 men, had caused himself to be proclaimed Emperor.
July 25. The King of Spain is doing every thing possible to conciliate his army. After increasing their pay, he is proceeding to review the several corps. At that of the Carabineers lately, he appeared in his uniform as Colonel of the Guards, and the whole family under a superb tent.
Letters from Toulon mention, that the Algerines are become worse than ever; they pay no regard to the colors of any nation, except to the English, whose flag they never molest.
On Saturday came on in the Court of Chancery, the further hearing of the case of the Nabob of Arcot against the India Company, when the Company's plea, that in quality of Sovereigns they were not amenable, was disallowed.
July 28. A deputation of Dissenters yesterday waited on Mr. Pitt, to solicit the interposition of government in discovering the instigators, and punishing the perpetrators, of the Birmingham riots. A promise of every proper exertion to that effect was of course made.
In the space of twelve months, from July 1790 to July 1791, the quantity of Porter brewed in London amounted to forty-nine millions one hundred and twelve thousand, six hundred and sixty gallons.
July 30. Yesterday two proclamations were issued at the Secretary of State's office, the one offering a reward of one hundred pounds for discovering and apprehending the late rioters at Birmingham; and the other offering the same reward for discovering the author, printer, or publisher of the inflammatory hand-bill, beginning with—"The second year of Gallic Liberty is nearly expired."
In the Austrian Netherlands, the Emperor, according to an account laid before the National Assembly, has forty-five thousand troops ready to act; but, according to other accounts, they amount to very little short of an hundred thousand, all ready trained and inured to war.
On Thursday last a messenger was dispatched with the final approbation of his Majesty in Council, of the Duke of York's marriage to a Princess of Prussia.
We hear from Birmingham, that every exertion has been made for apprehending the disturbers of public tranquility at that place; and that peace is now perfectly restored.
The last accounts from Major Houghton, who was sent to explore the interior parts of Africa, mention, that he was then about to depart beyond the reach of any European intercourse; and that it would be about two years before he was likely to be again heard of. The Major travels pretty much after the manner of Monsieur Vaillant.
Aug. 1. Mr. Hammond's appointment to the American States is said to be for special purposes. The general opinion is, that he is to form a commercial connection, and to promote such an alliance as may prevent the new States from making a similar Treaty with the Spaniards.
Aug. 2. His Royal Highness Prince Edward, has left Gibraltar, for America; his retinue when sailed, was rather domestic than princely; a French Female, his own man, and Swift's valet, composed his whole suite.
The princess royal of Prussia to whom the duke of York is shortly to be united, is beautiful, accomplished, and not more than 24 years old.
The marriage of a certain royal duke, is considered by some as an omen of the confirmed celibacy of his princely brother; at least that he positively means to decline all alliances with foreign beauty.
The report of the commissioners for liquidating the national debt, lately made to the chancellor of the exchequer, for the last quarter, being the 20th, states, that there have been purchased in the funds, 7,568,875l. stock; and that the cash paid for the same, amounts to the sum of 5,760,896l. 15s 8d.
B I R M I N G H A M, July 25.
On Wednesday three troops of the 11th regiment of light dragoons, and on Friday three troops of the 1st regiment of dragoon guards, marched into the town. Col. De Lancey arrived with an aid-du-camp, on Tuesday, from the king, to take command of the military; and such was his majesty's anxiety to provide for the security of this neighbourhood, that he had given orders for four thousand troops to march to our relief from different quarters. Tranquility, however, being restored, the progress of the greater part of them will be stopped.
Several of the rioters are taken, and more are known; and this day his majesty's justices will sit at the Swan Inn, to receive information respecting the riots.
The rioters who were taken at Mr. Maul's at Belle-Vue, are now confined at Hales-Owen, waiting their trials.
It is trusted that enquiry will bring out the origin of the late disturbances.
L I V E R P O O L, July 30.
Among the articles consumed at Mr. Ryland's, at Birmingham, was the body of the late Mr. Barkerville, who by will ordered he should be

buried in his own house, and he was accordingly interred there. A stone closet was erected in it, where he was deposited in a standing posture. The house was afterwards sold, with this express condition that it should remain there.
According to letters from Truro in Cornwall, a meeting of the principal proprietors of the tin mines was held in that town on Saturday se'nnight, when it was agreed to advance the price of that article to 31. 12s. per hundred, a higher price than it has been for many years; and the East-India Company have agreed to take half the tin produced from the County at the above price.
We are sorry to say, that the spirit of turbulence and disorder has broken out at Sheffield, where, in the course of last week, the lower class of people discovered an inclination to riot, in consequence of the enclosure of the commons of Stannington and Hallam; but by the timely interference of the military, which were sent for from York and Nottingham, the rioters were dispersed and a period put to the disturbances. The rioters had previously set fire to several ricks of hay, four of which were consumed, and gutted the houses of the Rev. Mr. Wilkinson, the Vicar, and Mr. Eyre, and done other damage. By the last accounts all is quiet.
DUBLIN, July 25.
Yesterday evening a great number of people assembled in a tumultuous manner, near the Parliament House, in consequence of some seditious hand-bills which were distributed the preceding day. About eight o'clock at night, they proceeded to Fleet-lane, where they totally destroyed fifteen houses, committing at the same time many acts of outrage. The police at length appeared, and a desperate battle ensued, when the police were completely worsted. Some lives were lost on both sides. Elated with their victory, the mob marched down Fleet-street, committing great excesses. At ten o'clock this morning, a large body of the rioters were employed in levelling with the ground the houses they had destroyed the preceding evening, when a party of the 80th regiment arrived, and put an end to their amusement. The military, having completely dispersed the insurgents, returned to the barracks.
GEORGETOWN, (S.C.) August 27.
In America men live and die free and independent, for nothing obliges them to throw off that liberty which is the most lovely ornament and most valuable prerogative of human nature—the country abounds with all the necessaries of life and the inhabitants are both numerous and rich—valiant and industrious—the establishment of arts, trades, and manufactures, has made them entirely independent of other countries for any of the necessaries or even the luxuries of life, and every citizen is his own politician and eligible to any public office, what ever may be his religion.
BOSTON, Sept. 17.
Nathaniel Barrett, Esq. who arrived in town yesterday, via Cape Ann, from France, which he left the 1st of August, informs us, that the most perfect tranquility pervaded the whole of that kingdom, united with a determined resolution to defend the principles of the revolution against all attempts against them, internal or external. That the flight of the King did not excite an agitation of 48 hours continuance: That on the promulgation of the decree, exonerating the King from all culpability, and declaring his person inviolable, a few rioters assembled at the Champ de Mars, to swear not to have a king, and that two persons fell victims to their rage,—but that the Marquis de la Fayette, at the desire of the municipality, immediately marched a body of national guards (who to a man are true to the constitution) and, after some opposition from the mob, about a dozen of whom were killed and wounded, dispersed them; and that since the most perfect order has been preserved.
NEWHAVEN, Sept. 21.
On Wednesday the 14th inst. the anniversary Commencement of Yale College was celebrated in this City; after the exercises of the day were concluded—the degree of Bachelor in Arts was conferred on twenty-six, and that of Master of Arts on 17 Candidates.
The honorary degree of Master of Arts was conferred on JOHN ALLEN, Esq. of Litchfield, and Mr. FRANCIS CHILDS of the city of New-York.
The degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred on the Rev. JOHN McKNIGHT, of the city of New-York, the Rev. JAMES MUIR, of Alexandria, in Virginia, the Rev. SAMUEL MACCLINTOCK, of Greenland, in New-Hampshire, and the Rev. JOSEPH LATHROP, of West-Springfield, in Massachusetts.
The degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon the Rev. and Hon. JOSEPH WILLARD, D.D. President of the University of Cambridge.
Philadelphia, September 28.
The Schooner Peggy, Capt. White, arrived at New-York on Saturday last, in 19 days from St. Marks, Hispaniola. He confirms the accounts we had before received from that Island. The distressed situation of the white people almost exceeds description. The negroes having desolated and destroyed all the open country, proceeded to attack the Cape (Francois.) They were defeated with great slaughter in three desperate attempts on that town. In one defeat 2000 of them were killed and 1500 taken prisoners, of whom every tenth man was beheaded. Many of the white people were also killed in these conflicts—one regiment alone lost fifty men killed in one engagement. The mulattoes had not joined the negroes; they were in arms for their own defence, and had informed the white people, that, if they would conform to the decrees of the National Assembly, they would assist them to suppress the insurrection. We do not learn whether any or what answer has been given to this message.
Upwards of sixty sail of American vessels are detained at the Cape.
L'Anguille, on the Wabash, the Indian Town destroyed by General Wilkinson, has remarkably distinguished itself as a nest of robbers and murderers, and is the only place upon the Wabash where our prisoners have constantly been put to the most horrible tortures.
The two successful expeditions against the hostile Indians, cannot fail of making the most serious impressions upon them, and produce a solid peace, which is the sole object of the United States. Indeed, since General Scott's expedition in June, a number of French inhabitants, who were settled at several of the Indian villages on the Wabash, had repaired to Port Vincennes; and about three hundred Outitaton or Wea men, women and children, Indians who have hitherto been hostile, had followed their example, and have settled themselves within about eight leagues of Port Vincennes, and declared themselves at peace, and under the protection of the United States.
An alarming and treasonable riot lately took place in the county of Mifflin, in this State, occasioned, as it appears, by the enmity of two men against Samuel Bryson, Esq. lately appointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; these men were ambitious of being Colonels of militia, and against the commissioning of whom, as unfit persons, Mr. Bryson as County-Lieutenant, had made representations. Enraged at the promotion of Judge Bryson—one Wilson, brother to the Sheriff of that County, and one David Walker levied a considerable force, and marched at the head of about forty armed men with a fife playing, to Lewis-Town, with an avowed determination to seize the person of Judge Bryson, whilst on the Bench, drag him from thence, oblige him to resign his commission, and to accompany these persons to the rugged narrows of Juniata Rivers.
The mob was however frustrated in their plan, thro' the spirited behavior of the Judges and the officers of the Court; Judge Bryson escaped from their hands—and has repaired to the seat of government. A body of the militia appeared the next day after the riot to support and protect the Court—the rioters had previously retired—and the Court was opened by the other Judges. Col. McFarland who commanded the militia assembled on this occasion, presented an address to the Judges on behalf of himself, and the militia, declaring their abhorrence of the proceedings which had taken place—and offering at the hazard of their lives to protect the Court—to which the Judges returned an answer expressive of their sense of the laudable zeal discovered by the militia to support the laws and government of Pennsylvania.
The degree of Doctor of Divinity, at the late Commencement in this city was conferred on the Rev. Mr. Asbell Green of Philadelphia; and on the Rev. Mr. Isaac Keith, of Charleston, South-Carolina.
The Provost of the University in his charge to the graduates, observed, that the wounds and scars which science felt from the unnatural hand of despotism, when her Spirit was whetted against this unoffending country, soon experienced the healing assistance of legislative authority, to the remotest corners of our confederacy. Even amidst the ravages of war, and the attention necessary to repel the invasion of a proud and disappointed nation, the State of Pennsylvania, ever attentive to the things which constitute her strength and respectability among the confederated States, erected the University of Pennsylvania at the public expence, without a single private donation, or any application from public spirited individuals for legislative countenance and aid. The institution is their own, and owes its origin to the wisdom, policy and foresight of her Representatives eleven years ago, in that dark and cloudy day, when the scale of battle yet hung doubtful, although hopefully verging towards the side of liberty and independence. They have been, I trust, said he, with secret pleasure, the fruits of their early attention to the interests of literature, in the graduation of upwards of 260 students, besides those that have been graduated this day, in the short space of eleven years; the blossoms of many of whom begin to unfold, and to promise us the rich fruits of a splendid addition to that stock of knowledge in philosophy and physic, in law and divinity, which enriches a nation, and makes them more excellent than their neighbors. And this day we are happy in exhibiting to their view, and in ushering into life, under their auspices, in the course of the present year, as numerous and respectable a class of students in philosophy and medicine, as were ever graduated in the State of Pennsylvania.—And if any thing be yet necessary to complete their original plan of enlarging the human mind, and exalting the genius of our citizens, as seems to be the case in the general idea, and with the friends of literature in the State, we doubt not, but the wisdom and magnanimity of one of the largest States in the Union, will vic with the most forward of the confederacy, in placing their University upon as respectable a footing as any other in America, and in making it as extensively useful to the interests of science, religion and government.
In full confidence of the liberality and wisdom of the Legislature, the Trustees have erected an elegant and spacious anatomical theatre and chemical laboratory, for the accommodation of the medical students, which will be ready for their reception on the first of November next, when the medical lectures will commence; being fully sensible, that it would be impossible for them to answer the designs of their constituents, or support the encreasing reputation of the medical institution, without such a structure.
Every friend to virtue, science, and the best interests of society and the rising generation, must be delighted on reading the ingenious, pathetic and truly elegant Address of the Hon. Mr. HOWELL, inserted in this day's Gazette—it can scarcely be perused without pleasure and advantage by persons of every age; but to young minds in particular, it conveys the most important lessons of life.
SAYS A CORRESPONDENT,
Good Government is to be considered as an ordinance of Heaven, principally on account of its being the medium thro' which we receive all the blessings of society. Without government there can be no society, and no civil freedom; all the advantages dependant on property arise from government; and here we may distinguish the difference between tyranny and government; under the former, there is nothing but the name of property—for what we cannot call our own, we cannot be said to possess. That is not government, but despotism, whether in the hands of one, a few or many, which does not pay a sacred regard to the rights of property, as well as to the rights of man; indeed they cannot be separated, for when the former are invaded, the springs of industry, and a laudable ambition, which are essentially connected with the equal rights of man, are attacked and undermined.
It is with Government as with Religion, the world abounds with different systems of each, and the sects which adhere to them respectively pretend in a greater or lesser degree to infallibility—hence the intemperate heats and animosities which interrupt, and often destroy the peace of society.
It is now generally considered as indicative of narrowness and bigotry of mind, to deny to others the right every one is fond enough of assuming to himself, of judging in a ticles of faith. Why should not equal liberty be allowed in chusing our political creed? "To err is human"—and mankind are perhaps more liable to error in what concerns their political interest, than they are in what relates to modes of religious belief.
It has often been confidently asserted that religious zeal and bigotry have destroyed more of the human race than any other cause of dissention; yet the contrary will appear when it is considered that mankind have been perpetually at war about civil and political rights, and their temporal possessions—whereas religious wars have raged only at particular periods, and those remote from each other.
The late accounts from the West-India Islands present the most gloomy spectacle that perhaps has ever been exhibited on the theatre of the globe. To reflect on a handful of people (comparatively speaking) being absolutely in the power of an immense multitude of blacks, untaught and uncivilized, whose sense of injuries has been constantly receiving an additional keenness to its edge for ages, must harrow up every feeling of humanity; and tho' there is something in our natures which revolts from slavery, and every generous American must ardently wish to see the period arrive
When Afric's sons shall freely range their groves, Pluck their own fruits, and woo their subtle loves.
Yet as the new system of the world is gradually ameliorating the condition of our species, it is rather to be feared, that the period when universal freedom shall be enjoyed, must be retarded, rather than accelerated by such horrible attempts. On the principle therefore of universal benevolence and philanthropy, if impelled by no other motives, the Government of the United States is bound to afford the most prompt and effectual succour and relief to their allies.
According to the late accounts from Cape-Francois, the following seems to have been dictated by the spirit of prophecy—
An Address from the Town and Commerce of Nantes, to the National Assembly dated May 20, 1791.
GENTLEMEN, YOUR decree of the 15th May, sublime in the eyes of philosophy, and dictated by the love of humanity, will not prevent (permit this freedom to our patriotism) its being the most inhuman, if its execution was not impracticable in the Colonies. More terrible than the hurricanes which ravage these rich countries, it would carry with it all the evils re-united, it goes forth to re-kindle upon these shores already the spectacles of horror, the firebrand of discord and civil war; rivers of blood is going to be shed—under this burning hemisphere the passions are extreme, hatred and vengeance will display in their true colours their sanguinary effects. Ah do not flatter yourselves that these dreadful misfortunes are transient: No, gentlemen, as long as your fatal decree shall exist, the whites and coloured people cannot live together; one party or the other must be exterminated: there is no alternative; and the conquering party exterminated by its victory will fall a sacrifice to the slaves, too crafty to let slip the favorable moment of breaking their chains. Then will those terrible words be realized which have already made your walls reound, May the Colonies perish! —this barbarous wish is granted, they are no more—our commerce ruined, our marine annihilated, agriculture languishing, our manufactures abandoned, ten millions of Frenchmen reduced to the deepest misery, without the means of subsistence, wanting bread; these are the unhappy consequences, the effect of the loss of the colonies: bankrupts innumerable, and a general distrust among individuals will give a fatal stab to public credit; our specie will flow with rapidity into the dominions of foreigners, a general mourning will cover all France, and more than a third of the inhabitants will be forced to leave their country, to carry among strangers those talents and that industry which their native soil can no more employ.
However gloomy this representation may be, it is the exactest truth, and it will make you tremble. If the love of humanity and the desire of rendering all the subjects of the empire happy, animated you when you passed the decree of the 15th May—in the name of the colonies, so precious a part of the French monarchy—in the name of those whose happiness you wish, while you expose them to almost inevitable destruction—in the sacred name of humanity—in the name of ten millions of our brothers who will fall victims to the most wretched misery—repeal this cruel decree; consecrate and adopt in a solemn manner that of the 8th March 1790; grant to the colonies that privilege you promised them; themselves alone can re-establish and maintain good order and tranquility. This privilege is their palladium, without which our Colonies cannot exist.
The accounts from Cape-Francois as published in a Boston paper, say—That the Negro Insurgents amounted to 70,000, that they had killed all the Whites, men, women and children, and burnt all the plantations for 60 miles round—the light of the fire was so great, that they could see to read on board the packet which brought the news to New-London, the night after she failed.
The Beacon, lately erected by the Marine Society of Salem, on the north end of Baker's island, is 22 feet baze, and 55 feet high. On approaching said island, the following directions, from accurate surveys lately taken, may be observed:
   Miles. 10ths.     From eastern point C. Ann, to said beacon, S. 74 deg. W. distant 7 6   From Gale's Ledge, S. 51 deg. W. distant 1 8   From south breakers of said island, N. 33 1/2 deg. W. distant 1 5   From Half-Way Rock, N. 3 deg. W. distant 3 3   From Harding's Rock (the body) S. 81 deg. E. distant 11-20ths of a mile.   From Tennappoo, or Bowditch's Ledge, S. 68 deg. E. distant 1 1/2 mile.  
SHIP NEWS.
ARRIVALS at the PORT OF PHILADELPHIA. Sloop Experiment, Crawford, St. Thomas, Schooner Trimmer, Stanton, Antigua, Brig Fanny, Stevenson, Cadiz, Ship William Penn, —, London, — Pallas, Collins, Amsterdam, — Birmingham Packet, Simons, Bristol, Brig Maria, Atwood, Boston, Molly, Raper, Havre-de-Grace. Capt. Atwood saw two large ships standing into Boston Bay, under jury masts. Capt. Raper left Havre-de-Grace the first of August, at which time all was quiet in France. The French Packet Le Suffrein, is arrived at New-York from L'Orient.
PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES.
   FUNDED DEBT.     6 pr. Cents 20 5/8 20 9 pr. £. 103 3/4 pr. cent.   3 pr. Cents 11 9 57 1/2 do.   Deferred 6 pr. Cents 12 1/2 60 do.   UNFUNDED DEBT.   Final Sett. and other Certificates 10 19 5/8 97 3/4   Indents 11 7 1/2 57 1/2 do.   N. and S. Carolina debts, 15 1/2   Bank Subscriptions, 130 135 Dollars.  

FROM THE BEE.
CONJECTURES ON TAXATION.
(CONCLUDED.)
LET us now consider, what circumstances should determine us in the choice of subjects of taxation.
Commodities whose manufacture or import are in the hands of a few, being more easily taken an account of than those in the hands of many; imposts on them may be more cheaply collected. Among manufactured commodities, duties on glass and cotton are collected at the least expence. A duty upon delft, stone-ware, bricks, tiles, and flower-pots, might be levied at a small expence, the charge to be made at the kiln.
That stage of manufacture which takes up the largest time, is the most proper for taking account of it and charging the duty: Thus, tho' the duty is imposed upon drying malt, yet the account of it is taken when in the cistern, couch, or on the floor, not when it comes from the kiln.
Commodities, therefore, whose manufactures are more tedious, are preferable to such as are less so, as subjects of taxation. Bleaching being one of the most tedious processes we are acquainted with, a duty upon whitened linen or cotton cloth might be charged at the bleaching-field with the greatest certainty.
The advance of duties will be shorter upon commodities that are not meliorated by keeping, than upon such as are improved by age.
Commodities that are fit for use, when they have passed through the hands of the manufacturer, are preferable as subjects of taxation, to those that must be kept for any length of time; the bottle is not the better for the keeping, but the wine is. Hence, during whatever stage of its manufacture, the duty upon a commodity may be charged, it should not be exacted till near the time the commodity is fit for use: thus the duty upon glass may be sooner exacted, than that upon wine. The credit given in paying the malt duty is proper; for though it does not improve by keeping, yet the greatest part of it is made many months before it is consumed.
The time of paying the leather duty is fixed with great propriety.
A moderate impost upon commodities of general use or consumption produces a greater revenue than heavy taxes on such as are consumed by the few. The annual amount of the duty on strong beer is about 1,500,000l. The produce of an impost of 2l. per ton on wine was in 1780 estimated at 30,000l. per annum*.
Commodities of general use are preferable subjects of taxation, to those that are less universally consumed or used.
The great consumption of whale oil, even in lighting the streets, renders it probable that an impost on it would be considerably productive. Candles are taxed. A duty upon whale oil might be charged at the boiling-house.
A duty on tin-plates charged at the mill would be productive: As would be a duty on gunpowder.
Merchants and manufacturers complain when their particular branches of trade are taxed. It will, however, be found, that those branches of trade and manufacture that have been moderately taxed for a century past, have succeeded, as well as those that have not, or even as such as have been fostered by bounties.
Moderate imposts on manufactures tend perhaps to hasten their improvement, both as a stimulus to ingenuity, and as tending to throw manufactures into the hands of persons possessed of flock.
The revenue arising from licences is considerable; but it seems to be a very unequal mode of taxation. As licences are paid at once, if not exceedingly moderate, they may, in many cases, be oppressive.
Confectioners, perfumers, and hair-dressers, might be subjected to the payment of a licence with as much propriety as the retailers of small beer.
The coach-duty may be reckoned a licence tax; being charged per tale, it is not liable to the objection of inequality.
A small duty, charged per ton on all ships and vessels, might be levied at little expence, and with great certainty.
Stamp-duties have, of late, become common; all perhaps, that can be said in their favour, is, that they are cheaply collected. They point out no particular improvement by which they can be compensated. They are, in the first instance, unequal, and cannot be retailed like imposts on merchandise or manufacture. In their payment, nothing is seen but the tax.
"There are two states in Europe, (says Montesquieu) where there are heavy imposts on liquor; in the one, (England) the brewer alone pays the tax; in the other, (Holland) it is indiscriminately levied upon all the consumers. In the first, nobody feels the rigour of the im-
* The ale duty might be rendered still more productive, by making a reasonable and equitable alteration in the brewery laws.
post; in the second, it is looked upon as a grievance."
Stamp-duties will always be obnoxious, and every effort will be made to evade them. There is no reason to apprehend, that before the receipt tax can be made efficient, such encouragement must be given to informers, as may prove prejudicial to morals.
In spite of Mr. Sheridan's assertion, taxes of this kind are perhaps, of all others, the least proper for a free people.
Tickets in the NEW-HAVEN WHARF LOTTERY, warranted undrawn the 20th instant, being the latest intelligence from thence, to be had of SAMUEL ANDERSON, next door to the Bank, in Chesnut-street.
Forty Dollars Reward.
LAST night was broke open the Store of the subscriber, at Bordentown, and stolen from the same the following articles, viz. One hair trunk, containing womens' wearing apparel; 1 small box, containing four clocks and one dozen teapots; 1 ditto containing one bottle green cloth coat, one striped vest and breeches, two shirts and a small bag with 36 dollars and 20s. to 30s. Jersey coppers; 1 keg containing a large bible, with other small books; 1 box containing 447 real ostrich feathers, some of them large and elegant, and of different colours; 2 barrels, rye meal, branded Stout and Imlay; 1 barrel pork, 1 ream paper, and 1 dozen paste-boards.—Stolen at the same time, a large Batteau, with black sides.
A reward of Twenty Dollars will be given for the security of the above property, so that the owners may have the articles again, or in proportion for part thereof; also a further reward of Twenty Dollars will be given for the security of the perpetrator or perpetrators, so that they may be brought to justice, by
JOHN VAN EMBURGH.
Bordentown, New-Jersey, Sept. 1, 1791.
[epit]
W. M C DOUGALL'S DANCING SCHOOL,
Is now opened at his School-Room, No. 28, Carter's Alley.
HE returns his sincere thanks for the great encouragement he has experienced these eighteen years; hopes the reputation of his school for decorum and good order, as well as the performance of his scholars, will still ensure him a respectable share of the public favor.
A number of new Cotillions and Country Dances will be taught during the season.
Those who please to honor him with the tuition of their children, may be assured, they will be taught in the most approved style, and that proper attention will be paid to their carriage and manners.
A general practising for the improvement of the scholars, will be held at the New Rooms, every other Wednesday; when the employers, and strangers of genteel deportment, will be admitted. These practisings will be attended with no expence.
N. B. An EVENING SCHOOL will be opened for grown Gentlemen, as soon as a sufficient number offer.
Philadelphia, September 14, 1791.
(t. f.)
IMPERIAL HYSON, SOUCHONG, and BOHEA T E A S, REFINED SUGARS, COFFEE, & SPICES, &c. &c. Of the first quality—by Retail, No 19, Third-Street, between Chesnut and Market Streets.
LOTTERY TICKETS.
New-Jersey, 2d Class—to commence drawing 26th inst. } Poss- Massachusetts Semi-annual, 2d Class, 13th October. } tively May be had as above.
LOUISIANA.
ALL those persons who have an inclination to settle on the rich lands of the Mississippi, can have a passage to New Orleans about the 20th of October next. Each single man on his arrival there, will have a grant of two hundred and forty acres of land, in fee simple, gratis, without rents or taxes; and each married man, a larger quantity, in proportion to the number of his family. For further particulars, enquire of Messrs. STEWART & NESBITT, No. 15, South Water-Street.
Philadelphia, Sept. 7, 1791.
[6t]
PUBLIC SECURITIES,
BOUGHT and SOLD, on COMMISSION, by SAMUEL ANDERSON, Chesnut-Street, next door to the Bank, No. 97. MASSACHUSETTS SEMI-ANNUAL, AND NEW-HAVEN LOTTERY TICKETS, To be had at the same place.
PINTARD and BLEECKER, PURCHASE and SELL all kinds of Certificates & Public Securities, On COMMISSION, at public and private sale, on the following terms:
ON the specie amount of all sales or purchases at auction, one eighth per cent.
On ditto of all sales or purchases at private sale, on all sums below 5000 nominal dollars, one-half per cent.; and on all sums above 5000 nominal dollars, one-fourth per cent.
For receiving interest at the Loan-Office, one per cent.
For making transfers at ditto, one dollar each transfer.
Such persons throughout the United States, as may be pleased to favor the subscribers with their orders, may rely on their being executed with punctuality, fidelity and dispatch, as considerable experience in the public stocks, together with extensive connections in the city of New-York and different parts of the continent, enable them to conduct their operations with peculiar advantages.
PINTARD & BLEECKER, New-York, No. 57, King-Street.
March 15, 1791.
(97 saw 6m)
Blank Powers to receive the Interest, and for the transfer of the principal of public debt, agreeable to the Rules established in the Treasury Department: Also Blanks for abstracts of Certificates, to be sold by the Editor.
The JOURNAL of the THIRD SESSION of the SENATE of the UNITED STATES, may be had of the Editor hereof.
IF THOMAS FRANKS, lately of Little York, in Virginia, (but originally of Scarborough, in Yorkshire, Great-Britain) will make himself known, together with his present place of residence, either to his brother JOHN FRANKS, who is now in this Port, or to the subscriber, he will hear of something greatly to his advantage.
THOMAS ROBINSON.
Portland, (District of Maine) August 29, 1791.
P. S. In case of the decease of Mr. FRANKS, his legal heir or heirs are requested to forward their names and places of abode to Mr. ROBINSON, as above.
GEORGETOWN, September 9, 1791.
THE Sales of the Lots in the Federal City will commence on Monday the 17th day of October next. The Commissioners finding they may engage materials and workmen for the public buildings to any desirable extent; with a view to draw the fund into action, so as to facilitate the work, instead of a deposit of 8 per cent. will require 1-4th part of the purchase money to be paid down, the residue to be on bonds with security, payable with interest in three equal payments. The manner of improvement will be published at the sale.
THOMAS JOHNSON, } DAVID STUART, } Commissioners. DANIEL CARROLL, }
PHILADELPHIA, 20th July, 1791.
THE Commissioners appointed to receive Subscriptions to the Bank of the United States, do hereby, agreeable to law, inform the Stockholders of the said Bank, that an election for twenty-five Directors will be held at the City-Hall in Philadelphia, on Friday the 21st day of October next, at 10 o'clock in the morning.
THOMAS WILLING, DAVID RITTENHOUSE, SAMUEL HOWELL.
MASSACHUSETTS SEMI-ANNUAL LOTTERY. CLASS II.
THE MANAGERS of the STATE-LOTTERY assure the Public, that the second Class of the SEMI-ANNUAL LOTTERY will positively commence drawing on the day appointed, viz. On Thursday the 13th of October next, or sooner, if the Tickets shall be disposed of. As the Managers have in their several monthly Lotteries commenced drawing at the hour assigned, so they are determined to be equally as punctual in this.
S C H E M E. NOT TWO BLANKS TO A PRIZE.
25,000 TICKETS, at Five Dollars each, are 125,000 Dollars, to be paid in the following Prizes, subject to a deduction of twelve and an half per cent. for the use of the Commonwealth.
   PRIZES. DOLLARS. DOLLARS.     1 of 10000 is 10000   2 of 3000 are 6000   3 of 2000 are 6000   6 of 1000 are 6000   10 of 500 are 5000   30 of 200 are 6000   80 of 100 are 8000   90 of 50 are 4500   100 of 40 are 4000   120 of 30 are 3600   161 of 20 are 3220   200 of 10 are 2000   7585 of 8 are 60680   8388 Prizes. 125000   16612 Blanks.  
5000 Tickets.
TICKETS in the above CLASS may be had of the several MANAGERS, who will pay the prizes on demand; of the TREASURER of the Commonwealth; of JAMES WHITE, at his Book-store, Franklin's Head, Court-Street—and at other places, as usual.
BENJAMIN AUSTIN, jun. } DAVID COBB, } MANAGERS. SAMUEL COOPER, } GEORGE R. MINOT, } JOHN KNEELAND, }
Boston, April 14, 1791.
Public Notice is hereby given,
to all to whom these presents shall come, or in any wise concern, That JAMES GARDNER, late of Wilmington, North-Carolina, deceased, did make four promissory notes payable to SAMUEL JACKSON, of Philadelphia, Merchant, all bearing date the 19th July, 1785, one for three hundred and seventy-one pounds, payable in six months—one for seven hundred and forty two pounds, in nine months—one for seven hundred and forty pounds, in twelve months—and one for seven hundred and forty-five pounds thirteen shillings and three-pence, in fifteen months, amounting in the whole to two thousand five hundred and ninety-eight pounds thirteen shillings and three-pence, and payable in produce at Wilmington:—Which said notes have been assigned by the said Samuel Jackson to THOMAS MACKIE and Co. and JAMES HOOD, Merchants, Philadelphia, and have since, in the life-time of the said Gardner, by him been accounted for and paid in part to the amount of two thousand and forty-seven pounds fifteen shillings and six-pence, to the said THOMAS MACKIE, and Co. in proof of which the subscribers have sufficient vouchers.
These are therefore to caution all persons from purchasing said notes as they will not be taken up.
THOMAS WRIGHT, } ROBERT SCOTT, } Executors. M. R. WILLKINGS, }
Wilmington, North-Carolina, 27th May, 1791. (e p. 3 m.)
CHILDS AND SWAINE
Have now in the Press, and in a few days will publish In a handsome Volume OCTAVO.
[PRICE ONE DOLLAR AND A HALF]
THE
L A W S
OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; Collated with, and corrected by, the original Rolls in the office of the Secretary of State, agreeably to a resolve of Congress, passed the 18th February, 1791.
With a COMPLETE INDEX.
This volume will comprise the Federal Constitution, the Acts of the three Sessions of the First Congress, and the Treaties:—also, the Declaration of Independence, and sundry Resolves and Ordinances of Congress under the Confederation.
New-York, August 3.
ADVERTISEMENT.
BY late arrivals from France, the Editor has received from No. 10 to 31, both inclusive, of a Publication which comes out twice a week in Paris, entitled, "CORRESPONDANCE NATIONALE." From No. 1 to No. 10, have been shipped, but are not yet come to hand. Any person who may incline to subscribe for this work, which appears to be ingenious, impartial and patriotic, may be furnished with the numbers as they arrive by applying to the Editor of this Gazette.
The price of this Paper is 3 Dollars per ann.