The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1801-11-30 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER,
AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
Vol. II.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. CLXVIII.
FIVE DOLLS. PER ANN.
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 30th, 1801.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
FROM THE DUKE DE LIANCOURT'S TRAVELS.
"Embracing the favour of Mr. Cook's letter, says our author, I went to Mr. Dixes; a young woman carried it to him, and in a little time I was introduced into the parlour of an old man who could hardly walk; but he received me in the best manner. He is not master of the house; it belongs to the widow of his brother, with whom he lodges, and to whom I was immediately presented. She is a woman of about 60 years of age, of very agreeable manners, with the deportment and tone of the best company. I was recommended to the old man; his infirm state seemed to claim my most assiduous attention; it is of him then which I have most to observe. This good old man of 90 years of age, spoke with great animation, and particularly against France. He is a catholic, a priest, and a jesuit. These titles are certainly sufficient to justify the passion with which he expressed himself against every thing of that country, except the priests and nobility, who, said he, deserve to have an abode in another country. "I was reading, said he, a French book when you came in, and one of the best in your language. Though I detest your country, peopled long since with atheists and villains, I like its language; for there are here and there better French works than there are in any other language." I was curious to know what my good old host regarded as the master-piece of French literature. It was the mandate of Arch-bishop Christopher of Beaumont against the decree of the parliament of Paris for the proscription of the jesuits. "Oh! Sir, said he, your people are the dregs of nations, a race of miscreants. It is for the punishment of their sins, that God has permitted the present revolution. It is a scourge which he has in his hand, to scourge an infidel people, and which he will never lay down until his wrath is appeased, and that will probably be a long time first, for he has a great many sins to punish." It was not my intention to hurt the feelings of this old jesuit, who all this time offered me wine, asked me in the most cordial manner to dine with him, and engaged me to pass several days at his house. I only represented to him in a gentle manner, that it appeared to me that the wrath of God would not be confined to the chastisement of the French people, and that they might also be considered as a scourge he would make use of to punish some other powers, such as the Emperor for example, upon whom the late victories of Buonaparte, and our holy father the Pope, who at that time was in such danger, and who nevertheless, surely was not a sinner. "Oh Sir, replied he, all this is only a temporary evil to our holy father; God will declare himself in his favour when he thinks it a proper season for that purpose; but he will never pardon the race of atheists and rascals, and you will soon see them dispersed and annihilated, unless that God will suffer them to be recalled to the faith and practice of their fathers. But I am afraid the goodness of God cannot go so far towards a people who have so long continued to amass such enormous crimes upon their heads. In short, continued the exasperated old man, do you want to know the true cause of the revolution? A great number of our Catholics here, see it in the writings of Voltaire and Rossau; but I think otherwise. They were doubtless very worthless men, whose writings have spread very bad principles, but that is not the cause of the French revolution—it arose entirely from the destruction of the society of the jesuits. A people who has committed such a crime, is a foolish and abominable race, and who would of course destroy all power, all property, and overthrow all the laws, since they had destroyed an order of men so useful, so sacred and so obviously the favourites of God." I was scrupulous of contradicting my aged host, otherwise so obliging, whom I should so little have convinced, and whom my opinion would so badly have recompensed for his kind reception. It was necessary to deplore a little with him the destruction of such a holy society, the destruction of the principle of all virtue and of all order, and to acknowledge that the true cause of the revolution was the abolition of the jesuits; where till then I confessed I had been so little enlightened as not to have sought it. I had also to attend to a young babler of a priest, who was not willing to grant that the destruction of the jesuits was the most hideous and unpardonable sin that could be committed. In this manner I pleased the old jesuit, and amused myself with contra-
dicting the young pedant until dinner time. It was Wednesday, in passion week; the dinner was therefore quite sparing, quite Catholic, and consequently not very restorative to a traveller. I do not know whether my friends will excuse my making such a long article of this old doddard; but at least it will be an additional proof to this indubitable and well known truth, that interests and the passions are the spectacles through which men view the greatest events. Marcel saw the interest of kingdoms and the great secret of diplomacy, in the art of dancing, in its propagation, and as he fell, in a minuet, and the rev. old Mr. Dixes, the French revolution, in the destruction of the jesuits.
Foreign Intelligence.
TREATY OF PEACE Between the French Republic and the Kingdom of Portugal.
The first consul of the French Republic, in the name of the French people, and his royal highness the prince regent of the kingdom of Portugal and Algarva, equally animated with a desire of establishing those relations of commerce and amity which subsisted between both states previous to the war, have determined to conclude a treaty of peace, through the mediation of his Catholic majesty, and have appointed for this purpose the following plenipotentiaries, viz.
The first consul has nominated, in the name of the French people, citizen Lucien Buonaparte; and his royal highness the prince regent of the kingdom of Portugal and Algarva, his excellency Cypriano Bibeiro Freire, commander of the order of Christ, one of the council of his royal highness, and his minister plenipotentiary to his Catholic majesty; which plenipotentiaries, after having exchanged their respective powers, have agreed upon the following articles:
I. There shall be from henceforth, peace, friendship and good understanding, between the French republic and the kingdom of Portugal. All hostilities, both by land and sea, shall cease immediately after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty; that is to say, within fifteen days in Europe and the seas which bound it and the coast of Africa on this side of the Equator; within forty days after the aforesaid ratifications, in the territories and seas of America and Africa, on the other side of the Equator; and three months after in all the territories and seas to the westward of Cape Horn, and to the east of the Cape of Good Hope. All the prizes made after these respective periods in the latitude mentioned, shall be respectively restored. The prisoners on each side shall be restored, and the same political relations re-established between the two powers as existed before the war.
II. All the ports and roads of Portugal in Europe shall be immediately shut, and continue so until the conclusion of peace between France and England against all English vessels both of war and trade; and the said ports and roads shall be open to all the vessels of war and trade belonging to the French republic and her allies.
As to the ports and roads of Portugal in other parts of the world, the present article shall be obligatory within the periods above fixed for the cessation of hostilities.
III. Portugal engages not to furnish, during the course of the present war, to the enemies of the French republic and her allies, any succors in troops, vessels, arms, ammunition, provision, or money of any kind, or in any manner whatever. All anterior acts, engagements, or conventions, contrary to the present article, shall be revoked, and regarded as null and void.
IV. The boundaries of French and Portuguese Guyana shall be determined in future by the river Carapanatuba, which flows into the river Amazon, about a third of a degree of north latitude, above Fort Macapa. The limits shall follow the course of the river to its source, whence they shall take a direction to the grand chain of mountains which divide the course of the river; they shall follow the windings of that chain to the point nearest to Rio Branco, between the second and third degree north of the Equator.
The Indians of the two Guyanas, who in the course of the war may have been carried off from their habitations, shall be respectively restored.
The citizens or subjects of the two powers, who may be composed within
the new determination of the limits, may reciprocally retire to the possessions of their respective states. They shall likewise have power to dispose of their property, moveable and immovable, for a period of two years, to be computed from the day of exchanging the ratifications of the present treaty.
V. A treaty of commerce shall be negotiated between the two powers, to establish in a definitive manner the commercial relations between France and Portugal; in the mean time it is agreed upon—
First—That the communication shall be re-established immediately after the exchange of the ratifications, and that the agents and factors of commerce shall, on each side, be restored to the possession of the rights, immunities, and prerogatives which they enjoyed before the war.
Secondly—That the citizens and subjects of the two powers shall equally and reciprocally enjoy in the states of both, all the rights which those of the most favoured nations enjoy.
Thirdly—That the commodities and merchandise produced from the soil or manufactures of each of the two powers, shall be admitted reciprocally, without restriction, and without being liable to any duty which would not equally affect the commodities and merchandise of a similar nature imported by other nations.
Fourthly—That the French cloths may be immediately imported into Portugal, on the footing of the most favoured merchandise.
Fifthly—That in other points all the stipulations inserted in the preceding articles, and not contrary to the present treaty, shall be provisionally executed until the conclusion of a treaty of definitive commerce.
VI. The ratifications of the present treaty shall be exchanged at Madrid within the term of 20 days at farthest.
Exchanged by duplacata, the 7th Vendemiaire, in the 10th year of the French republic, (29th September, 1801.)
(Signed)
Lucien Buonaparte. Cypriano Bibeiro Freire.
From the COURIER, October 5.
We promised to renew in this day's Courier the discussion of the terms upon which peace has been made. Some perhaps may think that we had better waited till the preliminaries had been officially published: but as Ministers have suffered the substance of them to transpire, we may rest assured that they have communicated every point that was advantageous to this country; and that what they have concealed is not that which it would be most gratifying to the people to know. In judging them, therefore, from their own statements, we may be sure that we run no risk of being charged with want of candour to them.
To the account of the preliminaries which we gave on Saturday, we have to add, that Egypt, it is said, is to be evacuated by the British within a twelve month, and things there are to be restored to their former footing. It is mentioned too, but on doubtful authority, that Osnaburgh is to be given up, and will be re-established, in order to be thrown into the scale of indemnities in settling the peace of the Empire; and that Hannover is to remain entire, but shall be obliged to contribute in money, &c. to the fund of indemnities. A commercial treaty between England and the French Republic shall be negotiated, which will include the Batavian Republic. All hostilities shall cease in Europe within three months, and in other parts of the globe in six, though it seems more probable that a notice to desist from all hostilities will be given as soon as the preliminaries are ratified. All prisoners to be restored.
"Bless'd is the man divine that gives us peace!" Peace is so great a blessing, to deep a benefit, that it is difficult to say whether the most brilliant and glorious war in which any country ever was engaged be a sufficient compensation for having undertaken it. Very certain are we that the people will not think that the successes which have attended this war are any compensation for the loss of blood and of treasure, of liberty and of life, & the accumulation of taxes and of debt, which have been the consequences of it. Awful and important indeed is the lesson which it has read to us. We recollect with what proud pretensions, what exulting hopes we entered into the contest. All the low objects that human ambition generally pursues seemed to be as dust and dross in the balances. We desired not, we disdained all accession of terri-
tory; we courted not "the pomp and vanity of this wicked world." Our minds and our pursuits were elevated to sublimer prospects—and, assuming part of the province and pretensions of a divine being, we arrogated to ourselves the office of chastisers of the bad and the profane, the eager avengers of the insulted cause of virtue and good government, of morality, and of social order, of real freedom, and of true religion. When the people compare the hopes we held out, with the objects we have accomplished, they will learn a lesson which, however it may mortify their pride, will teach them abundant caution and discretion for the future.
Undoubtedly, if his Majesty's Ministers could have obtained better terms, they would have done it. The question then to be considered is, whether these terms are such as ought to have been accepted in the present situation. Some, perhaps, there are, who may be inclined to doubt whether that war can have been successful, which it has been thought necessary to terminate in such a manner. Others there may be, who, believing and boasting our energies and resources to be inexhaustible, may conceive that such energies and resources ought to have secured better terms. Our own opinion is in favor of the preliminaries of peace. It is in favor of the peace, because the continuance of the war would have been ruinous; because another year of hostilities would have added so many millions to our debt, and perhaps rendered an increase of the income tax necessary;—because France had taken a position from which it was impossible to drive her; because we had neglected that "ride in the affairs of men, which, taken at the height, leads on to fortune;" because we had rejected the first overtures of the Chief Consul, and thereby paved the way for the victory of Marengo, and the consequent subjugation of Austria. To the present Ministers, indeed, that rejection is not imputable. If they concurred in it, they were not the authors of it; it was the offspring of that old administration, which has deducted a log from every peasant's fire, and a loaf from every peasant's table.
But though the peace may have been necessary, will any man gravely assert, after having compared the objects we held out at the commencement of the war with the objects we have accomplished that it is an honorable one? We fought for the independence of Holland—we have failed. We fought for the reformation of monarchical government in France—we have failed. We fought to curb the ambition of France, and to prevent her from obtaining a controlling influence on the continent—we have failed. Where has Europe a right to say to us? You held out these promises to us; you rouled our passions; you alarmed our fears; you incited our hopes;—you have abandoned all your objects for Ceylon and Trinidad, neither of which can promote our interests or contribute to our security.
But, in order to form an accurate opinion, it is necessary to take a view of the acquisitions of Great-Britain and France—1st by the war—and 2d by the peace:
BY THE WAR.
G. Britain obtained Ceylon, The Cape, a free port.
France Belgium, and the limits of the Rhine.
All the Dutch and French possessions in the East, except Batavia and the Mauritius.
The command of all Italy.
A close Alliance with Spain.
The subjugation of Portugal.
The Spanish part of St. Domingo.
The establishment of Republics dependent upon her.
BY THE PEACE?
G. Britain gains Ceylon, Trinidad, The Cape is to be a free port.
France gains Belgium, and the limits of the Rhine. Savoy.
The command of Italy.
Spanish part of St. Domingo.
All her conquests made from her in the East and the West.
Pondicherry, Rajapore, &c.
Martinique, St. Lucia, Tobago, St. Pierre & Miquelon.
She establishes and preserves her influence over the Helvetic, Batavian, Cisalpine, and Ligurian Republics.
She obtains the acknowledgment of the new King of Etruria.
She procures the cession of the Dutch possessions in the East, except Ceylon.
Minorca, Surinam, Demerara and Curaçoa.
Such is the relative state of the two countries by the preliminaries of peace. The reformation of Egypt to the Porte is a boon granted by us; for we had achieved the conquest of that country before the preliminaries were signed. If it be said that the surrender of Alexandria was not known to our ministers at the time of the signing of the preliminaries, we answer, that the utter impossibility of that place holding out much longer was known; and therefore entire expulsion of the French from Egypt was certain.
From the above statement our readers will see that except with respect to Trinidad and Ceylon, the status ante is established for Great Britain; while France keeps all that she has conquered and all the countries over which she has obtained an influence. The stipulation made in favor of Rome and Naples cannot be considered as any new advantages gained by this country for either of those powers; for it is known that they had already been agreed to by France, and that they were to be carried into execution at the conclusion of peace. Ancona was at that period to be surrendered to the Pope, and the French troops were to evacuate Oranto, Brindisi, and the other stations which they possessed in the Neapolitan territories. With respect to Turkey, we cannot but consider the guarantee of the integrity of her dominions as a mere nullity. No guarantee of ours can release her from her present debility and her rapidly approaching dissolution, nor from the designs of Austria and Russia, should they be inclined to take advantage of her present convulsed and distracted situation. We have not yet heard what power is to be the protector of Malta—the general opinion is, that it will be Russia—upon that point we have expressed our opinion.
It is far from our intention to undervalue Ceylon or Trinidad. Ceylon is a most fertile and productive island—of great advantage to us in every point of view. Trinidad, though fruitful, is, we understand, by no means healthy; but it is a more valuable island than Martinique? or is it equal in its produce to the Spanish part of St. Domingo? We have not touched upon the desertion of our German allies, nor upon the abandonment of the king of Sardinia, ruined from his junction with the coalition against France. We reserve the discussion of these points, very important ones indeed, for to-morrow: we shall then also take a view of the probable effect of the peace upon Great Britain, upon France, and upon the other European powers.
Upon the whole, it is obvious to every one, that we have made sacrifices to obtain peace, and that France has made none. Ample matter, indeed, for reflection, does it afford, that that power, which we entered into the war to protect from plunder and partition, pays almost the whole price of the peace.
It is not a little curious, and not a little insulting to hear the language of the ministerial papers. They, who have argued so often and so pertinaciously in favor of the war on its original principles,

and for its original objects, now boat of the glorious terms we have procured, the ample compensation we have obtained for such a war. "The more they contemplate the importance of the two great and valuable acquisitions in either hemisphere which will remain to us on the termination of the war, the more they are disposed to admire the wisdom of the Election, and the steady firmness by which the ministers have been enabled to carry those points."
It is rumored that Mr. Pitt and one of his colleagues, are soon to become efficient members of the present administration. If this be the fact, the riddle of Mr. Addington's elevation to the premiership will be easily solved.
FROM THE STAR.
LONDON, October 7.
We are very anxious that the terms on which ministers have concluded the peace, should be as much canvassed as possible; because, the more they are considered, the more satisfactory will they appear to the public. If we have not retained of our conquests all that the most sanguine might have expected, we have not only obtained that, in exchange for them, for our allies, which is highly honorable for us, but we have in relinquishing many of these possessions, rendered the duration of peace much more probable. In retaining the Island of Ceylon, we have kept a most valuable possession—valuable not only from its exports, but as affording that of which we have hitherto always to much felt the want in that quarter, an excellent port. In the island of Trinidad, we have preserved one of the most important islands in the West Indies, and the possession of which gives security to all our dominions in that part of the world. With respect to the Cape of Good Hope, if we had retained it, it would have occasioned a heavy expense, without affording any return; and by the stipulation which has been made, we have all the advantage which even its possession could give—that of making it a port for our East India ships, with this further advantage, (which we did not formerly possess) that this right will now be confirmed and secured to us, and will not rest, as formerly, upon the will of an independent power.
But the most important consideration, in reflecting upon the terms of peace, is that which belongs to Egypt. In every thing which relates to this object, we have been completely successful. Our arms have conquered that country, and by treaty the French have relinquished its possession. The triumph of the British arms in Egypt, when the number of our army and those of the French are considered, will ever reflect the greatest credit on our military force, redound to the honor of our country. Had the treaty of El-Arish been acceded to, it is possible that Buonaparte, thinking as he did, that Kleber was not reduced to the necessity of making such a treaty; would not have yielded up that possession without another struggle: but we have now convinced the French nation, that it was impossible to retain it against the arms of Great Britain; and we have no hesitation in stating, that it is to the success of our arms in that quarter, to an expedition invariably reprobated by the opposition in our own country that we now owe peace.
The restitution of Malta to its former possessors must be perfectly satisfactory to the people of this country. It is just that this restitution should be made, and it is enough for us that it cannot be used as a step from France to Egypt.
We see in the terms of peace the strongest symptoms of sincerity on both sides. The complete renunciation of Egypt by France—The liberal cessions which we have made—the restitutions which, through us, have been granted to our allies, leave nothing to barter or to haggle about. It is a peace formed upon great, broad, and intelligible principles.
We have heard, in the course of the Negotiation, some sanguine, and we think very ill-judging men, talk of peace upon the principle of the uti possidetis . A peace upon such a basis might have been represented as brilliant and triumphant, when we consider the conquests which we have made during the war, but would it have been lasting? Or would there have been that reasonable ground of security which we find in that which has been concluded?
Every thing which has been stated by ministers as essential to us in the course of this arduous contest, has been obtained. If there are any who think our concessions have been too large, let them reflect that they have been made upon the principles of good faith, of honor and of liberality, and there is no sound politician who will not think that with all our extensive and encroaching trade, a few colonies are well sacrificed to such considerations.
Upon the whole we are confident the people will feel deeply indebted to the ministers who have brought the war to so happy a termination, as they will to those who have so ably and so gloriously conducted the most arduous contest the nation ever was engaged in; and we sincerely offer up our prayers that nothing may intervene to cloud the bright pros-
pect we have before us—that a durable peace may mature the admirable plan of our financial system, and that this empire may not only continue to retain its great and pre-eminent station, but increase in all those considerations which can render us happier in ourselves, and procure for us the respect and admiration of other nations.
LONDON, October 5.
Extract of a letter from Lord Elgin to Lord Hawkesbury, dated Constantinople, Sept. 6, 1801.
"I congratulate your lordship most sincerely on the intelligence which I have this moment received by the annexed letter from Sir John H. Hutchinson."
Extract of a letter from Sir John Hely Hutchinson, K. B. to the Earl of Elgin, dated Head-Quarters, Camp before Alexandria, August 27, 1801.
"I just seize the opportunity of a messenger going to Constantinople (dispatched by the Captain Pacha) to inform your excellency that general Menou offered last night to capitulate for the town and forts of Alexandria, and demanded an armistice of three days, for the purpose of arranging the terms of the capitulation; this I have granted accordingly."
LONDON, October 7.
At a late hour last night we received another day's Paris papers, viz. those of the 3d. The Moniteur of that date infers, from the American papers, the intelligence we gave on Monday, respecting Toussaint having framed a new constitution for St. Domingo, by which he himself is appointed governor for life, with power to name a successor for five years. The future governors to be elected in the manner we before mentioned. This constitution, made, it is said, by an assembly of the island, admits a very small degree of dependence on the mother country, though the general government is to correspond with that of the mother country upon what regards the interest of the colony. The assembly directs Toussaint, who approves the constitution, to transmit it to France for the approbation of the French government. In the mean time it was ordered to be put in immediate execution, in consideration of the dangers to which the colony was exposed.
There is one clause which reserves the rights of all absent proprietors to their property situated in the colony, except those who are continued in the general list of French emigrants. It is as follows:
"The proprietors who are absent, whatever be the cause, shall retain their full right to the property which belongs to them and situated in the colony. In order to obtain the removal of the sequestration on their effects, it will be sufficient to produce their titles; and in default of titles, supplementary acts, the form of which shall be defined by law. Those however shall be excepted who shall have been placed, or shall continue on the general list of French emigrants. In that case their effects shall continue to be administered as colonial domains, till they have obtained their erasure."
The state of St. Domingo and the other West-India islands has not, it is said, been overlooked in the terms proposed as the basis of peace between this country and France. The erection of an independent Negro government in the island of St. Domingo, was calculated to give much alarm to those in this country who are interested in West-India property. Toussaint's republic was viewed as a formidable example, and its effects might have spread to the whole circle of islands where Negroes are to be found. Toussaint only recognizes a nominal dependence on France. His children are there, and he is obliged to temporise. He is known, however, to be jealous of the authority of the mother country. Vessels arriving are carefully examined, and persons capable of claiming or exerting any rival authority, are either not permitted to land, or are closely watched. In fact, there is no room left for the mother country to exert any authority, if the separate constitution published by Toussaint is to be carried into effect.
In consequence of views, in which the wishes of this country and the imperious dictates of Buonaparte's policy concur, it is believed that Toussaint will quickly be made to feel that he is not independent of France. A greater number of French troops are to be sent to St. Domingo to assert the interests of the French Republic. If necessary, the French government is to be allowed to charter to the number of 70 English vessels to carry out the troops without delay, because it may be of great importance to execute the plan before Toussaint has the least intimation of peace being concluded between France and England, and of course before he can be prepared to assert his independence against such a force as will be sent. The very knowledge of peace would give him to understand that he must expect to contend with Buonaparte's arms, or prepare to submit. The force sent out will at the least be 20,000 men. It is added, that Martinique is to remain in our hands, for a time, as a pledge that Buonaparte will execute this purpose faithfully.
In Toussaint's constitution there is a clause which permits the introduction of new cultivators, that is, either new Negroes for the encouragement of agriculture, or runaway Negroes from the other colonies. In the one case, the slave trade is to be carried on by Negroes; in the other, all the slaves already in the West-Indies are to be free on reaching St. Domingo!
LONDON, Oct. 11.
By a late decree of the consuls, a counsellor of state has been appointed to conduct every thing relative to public worship, particularly to present persons to be appointed ministers of religion. The nomination of the ministers of religion can apply only to the Catholic religion, with which Buonaparte's government is by the concordat to be united, and that only as to the principal members of it. It cannot be supposed that the protestants, whose religion has no connection with Buonaparte or his constitutions, would submit to have their clergymen appointed by the government, a thing abhorrent from their worship, and never attempted in any country on the face of the earth where toleration is known. We are satisfied that the regulation means no such thing. The counsellor of state appointed to this department, citizen Portalis, is every way fitted to exercise it with prudence and moderation.
It is said that one of the secret articles of the treaty with France is, that the island of Tobago is to be ceded as a discharge for the payments due for the French prisoners here. We doubt this news very much. If there be such an article, we see no reason why it should not instantly be made known. It is important for the trading world that it should be announced. In the sweeping clause of cession, Tobago is given up. Our merchants are making up their minds for the occasion, hard as it is; and if it is now known to ministers that it is to be retained, why conceal it?
An official communication from the court of Berlin to our government, announcing the speedy evacuation of the electorate of Hanover by the Prussian troops, it is said, was received at the foreign office last Sunday.
Orders, specifying the number of the names of the ships to be immediately paid off, were on Monday dispatched from the admiralty to the different port admirals. The number amounts to sixty-three, and the greater part are ships of the line.
Orders are sent to disband all the sea fencibles immediately.
Government is busily employed in reducing the army and navy to the peace establishment, and in abridging the expenses of, or suppressing those offices and branches of the public service connected with the war. Several ships have been already paid off; the recruiting parties for the sea and land service have been called in, and the regular regiments will be immediately reduced to six hundred men each. The force of each regiment of cavalry is not to exceed two hundred men.
FRANCE.
ACTS OF THE GOVERNMENT.
Decree of the 15th Vendemaire, October 7.
The consuls of the republic make the following decree:
I. There shall be appointed by the government a counsellor of state, whose business it shall be to take the management of all matters relative to the different forms of worship.
II. His functions shall be to present the projects of laws, regulations, decrees and decisions respecting the matter of different forms of worship.
III. This counsellor of state shall act under the immediate superintendence of the consuls.
To propose to the nomination of the chief consuls the individuals proper to fill the place of ministers of different religions.
To examine, before their publication in France, all the rescripts, bulls, and briefs of the court of Rome.
To carry on all the interior correspondence relative to these objects.
The ministers of external relations, of the interior, of general police, and of the finances, are each individually charged, as far as each is concerned, with the execution of this decree, which shall be inserted in the bulletin of the laws.
(Signed)
BONAPARTE, First Consul.
MARET, Secretary of State.
Decree of the 16th Vendemaire, (October 8.)
Buonaparte, first consul of the republic, appoints citizen Portalis, counsellor of state, to the direction of all affairs relative to the different forms of worship.
His functions are to be regulated by the decree of the 15th current.
The minister of the interior is charged with the execution of the present decree.
(Signed)
BONAPARTE, first Consul.
MARET, Secretary of State.
MANHEIM, Sept. 30.
It has been officially published at Munich, that his highness the elector signed, on the eighth, the ratification of the treaty of peace concluded on the 29th of August, between the French republic and Bavaria.
On the 28th count Rumford arrived here from London, by way of France.—He continued his journey next morning to Munich.
RATISBON, September 16.
The following is the substance of the vote of Austria in regard to the appointment of a deputation for finally adjusting the peace of the empire: "His Imperial majesty, after materially weighing every circumstance, thinks it his duty, as a state of the empire, to renew the proposal, that there shall be appointed an extraordinary deputation, furnished with unlimited powers, charged with regulating the objects that must form the completion of the peace of the empire, and which, according to the 5th and 7th articles of the treaty of Luneville, were reserved for a particular arrangement. The members of the deputation proposed in the College of Electors, are those of Mentz, Saxony, Bohemia, and Brandenburg, and in the College of Princes, the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, Wirttemberg, Bavaria, and Hesse-Cassel."
September 18.
The following is the vote of Magdeburgh: "His majesty the king of Prussia, in quality of a state of the empire, embraces with pleasure this opportunity of giving a proof of the good understanding and harmony which prevail, agreeably to his most ardent wishes, between him and his Imperial majesty. In consequence on the excellent vote emitted by the minister of Austria, his majesty adds, by way of supplement, to the vote of Magdeburgh, already emitted in his name on the 24th of last month, the further explanations which he had reserved."
"His majesty, in voting, demands on his part, that in the conclusion to be submitted to the sanction of his Imperial majesty, there shall be proposed the nomination of an extraordinary deputation to regulate, in a definitive manner, the business of peace; though his Prussian majesty could have wished that this deputation had been as little numerous as possible, and confined to six members, he however joins with the vote of Austria, and proposes also, that the said deputation shall consist of eight states, viz. Mentz, Bohemia, Saxony, Brandenburg, Bavaria, the Teutonic Order, Wirttemberg, and Hesse-Cassel."
"To accelerate the progress of affairs, and that the proposed object may be accomplished as speedily as possible, this deputation must be invested with full unlimited powers to treat and conclude; and it shall submit the result of its labours to the sanction of his Imperial majesty, and the Germanic body."
"His Prussian majesty declares besides, that the explanations contained in the preceding votes cannot serve to the deputation, but as an object of its ulterior deliberations, and in this respect he accedes formally, and with pleasure, to what is contained on that subject in the excellent vote of Austria."
Bavaria acceded to the vote of Austria, with the limitation that the deputation should not deviate from the rules laid down in the vote of the 31st of August. The vote of the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order formally renews the demand made by the deceased Grand Master, that the emperor should have full powers to regulate every thing necessary to the completion of the peace. The vote of Bamberg repeats the reservations and protestations made in 1757, in order to maintain the right of precedence over the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order.
After this declaration, his highness expresses a desire that the three colleges would unite in requesting his majesty the emperor to accept of indefinite powers to terminate the work of peace with the French government. The minister of Brunswick had not yet voted. That of Mentz declared in the last sitting that he should wait until the approaching opening of protocol. The conclusion, it was supposed, would be drawn up by the end of the week. Among the different votes, three distinct opinions may be remarked. The first tends to empower his Imperial majesty alone to terminate the work of peace. According to the second, the affair of indemnities should be decided by the Diet and a committee of its members. The third is in favor of appointing an extraordinary deputation vested with unlimited powers. It appears that the latter opinion will prevail; in which case it is asserted, that the deputation will be assembled at the city of Augsburg.
RATISBON, Sept. 24.
In the sitting of the diet yesterday, no vote was given in the college of electors; but in that of princes several supplements were added to the protocol, of which the following is the substance:
The minister of Austria declared, that in proposing, on the 14th, an extraordinary deputation to regulate the final arrangements of the peace, he intended that the deputation should be selected from the members of the diet itself.
Liege, Coire, and Trent, acceded to the vote of Austria. The latter at the same time demanded that it should be indemnified for the marquitate of Cappelbaro.
The prelates of the Rhine also proposed the appointment of an extraordinary deputation, reserving their right to nominate, and demanded the maintenance of the class of prelates of the empire.
Worms coincided with the vote of Mentz, both as to the spirit and expression of the declaration of Magdeburgh, on the subject of the vacant benefices. Wirttemberg joined the votes of Austria and Magdeburgh. Holfstein Gluckstadt gave its assent to any kind of deputation that shall be determined by a plurality of votes, and at the same time demanded that the measure of secularization should be kept within as narrow limits as possible.
Hesse Darmstadt, in a vote of considerable length, expatiated on the rules to be observed in the adjustment of the indemnities relative both to the subject and object. The vote then explains the 7th article of the treaty of Luneville, dwelling more particularly on the word collectively , and concludes, that, after terminating the business of the indemnities, all the losses from the peace in general, should be borne and compensated by the whole body of the empire. It approves the proposed suspension of nominating to vacant benefices, and agrees with Austria and Magdeburgh, in appointing an extraordinary deputation to complete the peace.
Saxe Weymar and Eisenach voted for a deputation to be chosen from the members of the diet.
Hildesheim, Paderborn, Stavlot, and Furstenberg, demanded the confirming of full powers upon his Imperial majesty. Nassau, Hadamar, Siegen, and the counts of Weteravia acceded to the vote of Austria, with the reservation of their rights. The count of Westphalia proposed to refer the completion of peace to his Imperial majesty. The prelates of Suabia, in claiming the maintenance of their order, made a similar proposition; voting, however, in case of a refusal on the part of his Imperial majesty, for an extraordinary deputation.
Augsburg, Ellwangen, and Eichstadt, declared they could not accede to the suspension proposed by Magdeburgh, of the nomination to ecclesiastical benefices, and that reserved to the chapter of Cologne the enjoyment of its rights.
Magdeburgh, formally reported, in the name of his court, his determination on the subject of ecclesiastical elections, adding that the election had, by the chapter of Munster, as well as the eventual nomination of a new election of Cologne, should be regarded as void.
MANTUA, September 5.
Gen. Miollis, commandant of Mantua, has addressed the following letter to the departmental administration of Mantua, dated August 28—"The deep traces of war, which marked the fertile plains watered by the Mincio, will soon disappear; the ancient edifices, which adorned Mantua, as yet offer magnificent monuments, which peace promises to restore to their wonted splendour. A new square, worthy of bearing the name of Virgil, will soon embellish this city. My heart, nevertheless, is penetrated with grief, as often as I reflect on the treasures of the arts abandoned, and become the prey of a total negligence that swallows up every thing. The convent of St. Francis treasured up every historical document which this devoted country could boast. At every step in the church of this name, the attention was fixed by monuments full of interest, for those that take a pleasure in reading the great book of human life. This church and its environs have become the prey of an insatiable rapacity, which it is not in the power of words to express—a new object of pity, pain, and grief, to those who are charmed with instruction. Several other places almost equally interesting, are also abandoned. I invite you, therefore, without loss of time, to save from general destruction, all that can console the arts, at one time so brilliant in this department. I have the honor to propose to you, for this end, the nomination of a commissioner animated with the love of the arts, who may be enabled to collect all those invaluable remains in the different places and houses, where destruction threatens them, in order to be placed in a depot or museum. I entreat you with the more impatience to let about this work, as public rumour has already announced, that the precious paintings of Rubens, which were in the church of the Trinity, are to be removed from Mantua. I entreat you, in the name of those sentiments, with which the arts inspire you, to order an immediate enquiry on this subject, so that these precious remains may be preserved."
BERLIN, Sept. 26.
From the Berlin Gazette.
After the decease of his royal highness the elector of Cologne and bishop of Munster, his majesty the king, in consequence of the principles adopted in the treaty of peace of Luneville, signified to the Diet at Ratisbon, and likewise to the two chapters of the electorates

and bishopric; that during the present negotiations, no new election ought to take place to any dignities of the empire that might become vacant. But as the chapter of Munster has, notwithstanding, proceeded to the election of a new bishop, his majesty has judged it proper to transmit the following protest to the assembled states of the empire, and to the two chapters of Munster and Ahrensberg.
His majesty the king of Prussia has explicitly declared, both to the general assembly of the empire, and in other places, that he considered it as a natural, necessary, and undeniable consequence of the principle of the secularization established by the treaty of Luneville, that during the negotiations relative to the application and carrying into effect of this principle, no new election should take place, to any of the superior or inferior dignities of the empire, in case of the decease of the present possessors. Many of the most considerable of the states of the empire, and particularly the power with which the empire is concluding peace, have publicly approved this consequence. The justice of this was equally evident, with the important influence which it must have on the regulations of the indemnities; and the more necessary was it to preserve the latter from all new difficulties and perplexities, in order happily to restore peace to Germany, and fulfil the will of every true patriot in the empire. It was therefore to have been expected with confidence, that the two chapters of the electorate of Cologne and Bishopric of Munster, lately vacated by a much lamented death, would, with a view to the general good, have deferred proceeding to any new election, as they must have foreseen, that by such election, they could in no other manner avert their impending fate, but only contribute to clog with difficulties the final settlement of the peace of the empire. His majesty, with great regret, sees that these two chapters have, notwithstanding, proceeded to a new election, and finds himself compelled to renew the declaration, which, on the 31st of last month, he made to the diet of the empire in the electoral college, and which he signified to the members of the said two chapters, by his privy directorial counsellor and minister plenipotentiary Von Dohm, in which he explicitly protests against any new election of an archbishop of Cologne and bishop of Munster, and declares that he will consider such election as void, and will not acknowledge, or in any manner take cognizance of any pretended new archbishop and bishop, until the affair of the secularizations, and compensations shall be finally settled."
The above proclamation has been sent off by the French minister, general Bourbonville, by a courier to Paris.
MILAN, September 12.
According to accounts from Naples, a Russian ship of the line and two frigates are lying in the harbor there, to convey home, as is supposed, the troops of that nation remaining in the kingdom of Naples. The remainder of the Neapolitan marine, consisting of two ships of the line, two frigates, and a corvette, will be delivered to the French. Minister Action is expected at Naples. More French troops are marching into the Neapolitan territory. General Soult has given in a notification to the inhabitants, containing an estimate of the cost of maintaining the French troops, in which he shews that the new taxes are not sufficient for defraying it.
The French Ambassador Bourbonville is said to have presented, in the name of the First Consul, a new plan of indemnity to the court of Berlin, chiefly consisting of the following articles:
1. Prussia shall receive the territories of the late elector of Cologne in Westphalia, together with the bishoprics of Munster, Paderborn, Osnaburg, Hildesheim, and the Abbey of Corvey. 2. Prussia shall cede these territories, excepting Hildesheim, to the Duke of Brunswick. 3. The Duchy of Brunswick and a part of the electorate of Hanover shall be ceded to Prussia in return. 4. The duke of Brunswick shall farther receive the Duchy of Berg, belonging to the elector Palatine, who is to be indemnified by other possessions in Suabia and Franconia.
By letters from Bayreuth, on the 24th inst. it appears that the trial and examination of Imbert Colomes, one of the state prisoners arrested at the request of the French government, is terminated, and that the report of the proceedings has been sent to the government. Nothing but fine engravings and copper-plates were found among the papers of this gentleman, besides 10 years very innocent correspondence with his family and relations in France.
The next state prisoner to be tried is Lavereine, or Count de Prezy.
The expenses of the trial are to be defrayed by the French republic.
The chief charge brought before them by France, is their having carried on a correspondence with the English minister Wickham, by means of Mrs. Nesbitt.
BERNE, September 25.
The following is a plan of the Constitution, which was presented on the 21st instant to the Diet, and the discussion of which is to be commenced to-day:
TITLE I.
1. The Swiss Republic will form only one State; its territory is divided into Cantons. 2. These Cantons are, 1. Berne, in the limits, according to which the Cantonal Diet was convoked, in conformity to the law of the 27th June, 1801. 2. Zurich, in the same manner, as well as the following, with the exception of the subjoined modifications. 3. Lucerne. 4. Uri. 5. Schwitz. 6. Unterwald. 7. Zug. 8. Glaris. 9. Appenzel. 10. Solcure. 11. Fribourg. 12. Balle, which may be increased by the lower part of the Frickthal. 13. Schaffhausen. 14. Argovia, which may be increased by the upper part of the Frickthal. 15. The Pays de Vaud. 16. The Grisons. 17. The Tefin.
3. The law will define the limits of the Valais. It will in general render the division more perfect.
TITLE II.
4. There is a general organization of the Republic for the exercise of the National Sovereignty, and a cantonal organization. 5. The general organization comprises the High General Police. 6. The armed force for the internal and external safety of the Republic. 7. Political and diplomatic arrangements with foreign countries. 8. The legal organization of the administration of justice. 9. The determination of the part, in direct taxes, which each Canton is to pay. 10. The determination and enregistering of indirect taxes which may be annually fixed by the law for the general demands. 11. Property, and the legal disposition of goods, and national domains, with the reserve of the mortgages (charges) with which they are incumbered. 12. The National offices, as those of salt, posts, mines, gunpowder, customs, and tolls. 13. Coinage, and its police. 14. The regulations and police of commerce. 15. The public and superior establishments destined for civil education. 16. The concession of the Swiss city duty, according to the conditions prescribed by the law. 17. The particular organization of each Canton comprises the sub-division & collection of direct taxes. 18. The determination of the wants of the Canton, and the means of relieving them by local contributions. 19. Interior and local police. 20. The duties on property at present belonging to the nation, and the measures to be taken with respect to tithes, and the per centages under the condition that the private proprietors shall be indemnified, as well as the benevolent institutions, and a sufficient support be allowed to the establishments of education in the Canton. 21. Religion, the indemnities of ecclesiastics, and private establishments of instruction. The eventual surplus of the tithes and hundredths of the Canton, to be in preference designed for covering the expenses which those objects give rise to.
ROME, Sept. 7.
On the 13th of last month, the illustrious and most reverend Don Antonio Villa-Campa, bishop of Minorca, arrived in this capital. He left his diocese on very urgent business: he had an audience of his holiness, who received him with particular marks of kindness, and gave him a brief of honor, as assistant bishop to the pontifical throne. During his residence in this city he received a visit from several of the cardinals and other prelates, who treated him with every mark of distinction due to his uncommon merit. On the 11th inst. this prelate set out for London, accompanied by Dr. Dominico Pons, his confessor, a secretary, and two counsellors of his cabinet.
BRUNN, September 12.
Of all the accounts that have for some time been published concerning Pashwan Oglou, none are to be considered as true except that of the taking of Belgrade by the Janissaries who act in concert with that celebrated rebel. The Janissaries, since their fortunate enterprise against the Pasha, have received only a reinforcement of 200 men, who entered Belgrade on the 2d of this month. This feeble succour could have never supported the boldness of their pretensions, if it was not considered as the advanced guard of a more numerous body which is said to be on its march. The successes of the insurgents of Belgrade must encourage to like acts of rebellion the people in the other provinces of the Ottoman Empire, which is too weak to preserve good order, and too badly organized not to afford frequent opportunity of disturbing it. The insurrection has already spread as far as the environs of Constantinople. Tarnowa, Nizza, Philippopolis, Sophie, and Adrianople, are a prey to the greatest disorders; and it is evident
that the Janissaries everywhere take a part in, and are the instigators of them. According to letters from Semlin of the 7th inst. the Janissaries have given up the Pasha of Belgrade to Pashwan Oglou; who, it is said, has entered that place. This event has been expected for a long time.
BALTIMORE, Nov. 26.
Insurrection in St. Domingo.
A gentleman from Cape Francois has politely favoured the editors with an official journal, published by Toussaint, of an insurrection which broke out in the department of the North, about the 29th October, and was quelled on the 4th of November.
Toussaint's journal concludes thus:
"The unanimous reports of the generals and military commanders; the cries of the rebels, the information of the arrested, agreeing in stating the general of division Moyle to be the author of this conspiracy, I ordered him to appear before me, and after having informed him of the declarations made by adjutant general Idenger, I ordered him to be arrested on the 6th Brumaire. On the 10th, he set out for Port de Paix, under the charge of brigade general Clerveaux, to be confined at Grand Fort, to wait the issue of his trial."
"Being informed that order was re-established in every quarter, that all the planters had returned to their occupations, that the utmost vigilance was exercised, and that as of giving confidence to the inhabitants of the Cape, I entered that city the 14th Brumaire, (4th November) conducting 40 prisoners."
"Having ordered the brigade general, Henry Christopher, to assemble all the armed force at the place of arms, I had 13 of the chiefs of the revolt brought thither, who were instantly punished with death. A great number of others are in prison, waiting their trials."
"This conspiracy, formed with the greatest malice, appeared to be principally directed against the government and the white inhabitants of the north. The rebels have fully discovered the author. In order to attach them to him, and press them to these atrocities, he informed them that I had sold the blacks to the whites; that general Moyle alone had returned to sign the pretended contract; but that generals Dessalines and Christopher had assented to it. At Limbe the authors of this infamy had made chains which, on the day of revolt, were to be exhibited to the blacks as a proof of this absurd project of a false."
"After lamenting this unfortunate occurrence, the general lays—"
"Tranquility is again established every where."
"The most strict orders have been given that the work of the planters be vigorously carried on: that the slightest offence be vigorously punished; and that the safety of persons and property be inviolably preserved. All my care and anxiety shall be employed to prevent this fatal event destroying public confidence."
"Done at Cape Francois the 10th year of the French republic, one and indivisible, Nov. 7, 1801."
"The governor of St. Domingo, (Signed) Toussaint Louverture."
"At the Cape only one man was killed by the revolters."
Washington Dancing Assembly.
THE first Assembly will be held at STELLA'S Hotel, on Tuesday evening the first of December, and will be continued every two weeks during the season.
November 25.
To Let—Three convenient furnished Rooms for Ladies and Gentlemen, & a Table can be supplied if required; at Mrs. de Carnap's, at the seven buildings on the New-Jersey Avenue.
Nov. 27. 3t
Whole Sale and Retail Grocery Store.
J. D. BARRY,
INFORMS his friends and the public, that he has commenced business near the Capitol, New-Jersey Avenue, opposite the house lately occupied by Conrad and M'Munn. Where he has on hand, (and will be constantly supplied with) a general assortment of
Groceries and Liquors, Of the first quality, which he offers for sale at reduced prices. Nov. 27. cf
To Rent, And possession given immediately, A TWO STORY BRICK HOUSE,
North front of the President's House, CONTAINING
TWO Parlours and four Bed-rooms, with Garden, &c. It is convenient to the Public offices, and may be had furnished or unfurnished, with or without board, on reasonable terms, to an agreeable tenant. Enquire of the Printer, or on the premises. Also,
Wanted Employment,
For a YOUNG MAN, who would engage as an assistant in a store, having kept one of his own, of course accustomed to it. Would act as steward and superintend a plantation, or the like—would make himself useful in any situation—Enquire of the Printer hereof.
November 25. staff.
WASHINGTON CITY.
MONDAY, November 30, 1801.
Arrived on Friday, GIDEON GRAINGER, Postmaster-General of the United States.
Also THOMAS T. TUCKER, Treasurer of the United States.
In our last paper our readers have observed in the official treaty of Peace between France and England, a confirmation of the truth of the outlines drawn by the English Prints. However unexpected, and even surprising, may be the conditions of this instrument, they are such as furnish rational grounds for felicitation to the honest, and we would add, the disinterested part of mankind, did not the effects likely to flow from it involve the interests of the whole civilized world.
Of late in Europe power has so entirely supplanted right, that it would not have astonished a mind stored with the numerous illustrations of this maxim, if the two great belligerent powers had guaranteed to each other a moiety of the world. At all events it was not only feared, but believed that the minor powers, who during the war have been in alternate subjection to England or France, would have been despoiled of many of their possessions.
On the contrary, a spirit of magnanimity, dictated by a wise policy, has adopted the principle of status in quo ante bellum , with a very few exceptions. France has found indemnity in her continental conquests adjacent to her old territory, and England has obtained Ceylon and Trinidad, both of which are important possessions.
The republics established under the auspices of France, remain unaffected by the treaty, except that they are acknowledged by England, and that their integrity is virtually guaranteed. When we consider the precarious tenure by which they sustained their independence as well from the undisguised hostility of royalty, as from the incomprehensible views of the First Consul, they may not only rejoice in their preservation, but the friends of republicanism throughout the world may also exult in their non-annihilation.
We mean not by these remarks to panegyric the structure of the governments of these republics; or to imply that the people, who compose them, are yet republicanised. We know the direct reverse to be in many cases the truth. But we do believe that they have made considerable approaches to that state, from which genuine republican institutions will necessarily ensue.
If any treaty, devised by human wisdom, can promise the insurance of a lasting peace, this is the treaty. In restoring to every nation, with the few exceptions stated, all each nation possessed before the war, it demonstrates the folly of conquering either the wills or the territories of nations. For a while the stolen plumage may deck the brow of a lawless hero, but it soon vanishes before the omnipotence of public opinion.
For what has England been spilling her own blood, exhausting her own treasure, and embroiling the world in scenes of devastation and wretchedness, but to establish the invincibility of reason, the triumph of principle, which, through the whole of the past struggle, proclaim more loudly than ever the right of every nation to form for itself such a government as it pleases. We may now confidently hope that Louis the XVIII is the last monarch for whose power the sword of a foreign nation will be drawn. The example of England will never be forgotten.
The general effects, likely to be produced, in respect to France, Britain, and the other European powers, are too vast, complicated, and important, to be foreseen with accuracy, or stated with clearness. They must however, intimately affect the state of the trading world; and will probably in this respect, produce a greater equilibrium than that which at present exists. Such a result, it is hoped, will insure to us our legitimate share of commerce, while it exempts us from the molestation, insults and aggressions, which we have so severely experienced.
TRANSLATED
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER,
In the name of the French Colony of St. Domingo. DECREE.
TOUSSAINT LOUVERTURE, Governor of St. Domingo.
In compliance with the requests of the inhabitants of St. Domingo, in order to facilitate the vent of produce, and to afford the privateers which enter the ports of St. Domingo a greater latitude for the sale of their merchandise, and more freedom to commerce—
The Governor of St. Domingo, conformably to the powers delegated to him by the xxxivth article of the constitution of the Colony, and desirous of extending to each circle, as recently limited by the organic laws of the Colony, equal advantages, decrees as follows:
ARTICLE I. The ports of the Colony open to French vessels, allies and neutrals, by the decree of the 10th Nivose, ninth year, shall continue to be free.
ART. II. From the date of the publication of this decree, the ports of Jeremie, in the department of the South—Thole of Leogane and St. Mark, in the department of the West—Thole of the Mole, in the department of Louverture—Thole of Port-de-Paix and of Mont-Christ, in the department of the North—Thole of Saint Domingo and of Azua, in the department of Ozama—are and shall remain open to all French vessels, allies, or neutrals. The above ports shall enjoy the same advantages as those designated in the decree of the 10th Nivose, conformably to the decree of the 21st of Frimaire, year nine.
This decree shall be printed and inscribed upon the registers of the administrative and judiciary bodies, read, published, and affixed, wherever it shall be deemed proper, and shall moreover be inserted in the official bulletin of St. Domingo.
Given at Cape-Francois, 7th Vendemaire, (29th September, 1801.) The Governor of St. Domingo.
TOUSSAINT LOUVERTURE.
* Ports opened by the Article of the 10th Nivose, (Aug. 9.)
In the Department of the North—The Cape, the Mole, and Port Liberty.
In the Department of the West—Port Republican, Gonaives, and Jacmel.
In the Department of the South—Les Cayes, St. Louis, and L'Ance-a-Veau.
Cape-Francois, Nov. 9, 1801.
SIR,
I take the liberty to enclose, for the information of the citizens of your port, a recital of facts made by the governor of Saint Domingo, relative to the late insurrection; and to assure you that order and tranquility are now restored with every prospect of their continuance.
The embargo which has been laid on the vessels in this port, since the 29th ult. was to prevent the escape of any who had been concerned in exciting this insurrection, as well as to enable the vessel to carry to the United States a detail of facts, and an assurance of the restoration of good order.
With great respect,
I am, Sir,
Your most obedient servant.
TOBIAS LEAR,
Gen. com. agent of the U. S. of America, in the island of St. Domingo.
ROBERT PURVIANCE, Collector of Bat.
The Prints of New-York state that in consequence of a quarrel, which originated on the 20th inst. at the theatre in that city between George I. Eacker, Philip Hamilton (son of Alexander Hamilton) and Mr. Price, a duel was fought between Mr. Price and Mr. Eacker, the challenge having been given by the former. Four shots were exchanged by each of the parties, when the interference of the seconds terminated the meeting.
On the ensuing Monday Mr. Eacker and Mr. Hamilton met in consequence of a challenge given by the latter, occasioned by the above quarrel, when Hamilton received a shot through the body the first discharge, and fell without firing. He languished till the next morning, when he died of his wounds in the 20th year of his age.
The accounts of the several prints of New-York materially vary as to the degree of culpability incurred by the parties; but all concur in the above statement of facts.
The dispute arose from some severe remarks made by Mr. Hamilton on an oration lately pronounced by Mr. Eacker.
Baltimore, November 27.
We learn by a gentleman from Cape-Francois, that the news of a peace in Europe had not arrived at that place when he left it on the 11th inst. He gives it as his opinion that there will be no difficulty in amicably arranging matters between Toussaint and general Buonaparte.
The principal scenes of the revolt were in the different villages in the plain, all within 30 miles of the Cape, in which, it is supposed from 300 to 500 whites were massacred. Had it extended to the Cape, the loss to many American merchants would have been incalculable, as an immense property belonging to them, then in town, must have fallen a sacrifice.
TO RENT,
THE three story brick dwelling house with the stables, garden and ice-house, lately occupied by Samuel Meredith, Esq. Treasurer. Situated on the river, west of the President's House.
FRANCIS DEAKINS.
Georgs-Town, Nov. 30. cp4w

Address to Subscribers
ONE year has elapsed since the first appearance of the NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER. During this period domestic events of the first importance have occurred. The political scene, so far as it relates to persons, has been completely changed, and so far as it relates to principles and measures materially altered. Public opinion, decidedly expressed, has called for a reform, and a reform has been made.
There is something so interesting, and even sublime in a Nation, now composed of millions, and destined hereafter to be unrivalled in numbers, shaking off by Herculean efforts the chains of foreign despotism, and then with unexhausted vigor defending the rights of its citizens from internal invasion, that the mind cannot too often pause, and trace the admirable connection between cause and effect whereby the interesting spectacle is produced.
To obtain distinct views of the nature of our government, to discern its necessary connection with true national glory and personal felicity, it is the basis of the only correct patriotism that can animate the human heart. Such sentiments, founded on the immutable principles of reason and truth, once embraced, becomes a permanent rule of action, and republicanism finds an impregnable fortress in every breast.
European philosophers have told us "That man, to be free must be virtuous"—They have mistaken the cause for the effect; and should have said, "That to be virtuous he must be free." For if virtue be a moral principle, and man be a free agent, can that be virtue which does not flow spontaneously from the heart? Can that be virtue, however specious, which slavery compels? Away then with the false, the dangerous dogmas the constant plea of tyrants, and the perpetual error of slaves. It is the interest of all nations to be virtuous, and all nations would pursue their interest, did not political fraud lead them astray. To detect this political fraud, to guard against machinations, to inspire man with a consciousness of his dignity and his powers; these are the great ends which true wisdom ought incessantly to pursue, undismayed by adversity, unrelaxed by prosperity. Her means should be reason and truth. These are the only irresistible weapons that rational agents can wield. The sword may subvert an Empire. But reason alone can re-establish and give stability to its glory.
The distinctive feature of American governments is the representative principle. It is by the operation of this principle, that the nation can at any time express its opinion of public men and public measures, and will their continuance or suspension. It is by the operation of this principle that they have expressed such opinion and by its expression have silently and tranquilly produced a reform, which in other states would have been denominated a revolution, whose achievement could only have been imperfectly effected by the sword. Cherish, then, fellow-citizens, a sacred regard for this holy principle.—Let every heart habitually feel its value. Let every mind frequently reflect on the ineffable good that it produces. And when the wreck of other governments, falsely styled republican, are held up as evidences of the perishable nature of all political systems, and it is inferred that ours too must go to decay, recollect that our system is the only one that has ever existed, whose basis is a true representation of the people.
To uphold this great principle, to recommend whatever tended to render its application more general, and to make it more the object of popular affection, has been the leading motive, which has decided the character of the National Intelligencer. Those men have been supported with reason, with truth, and with moderation, who have often, and it is believed sincerely, professed their attachment to this principle, and whose whole political career has demonstrated a hatred of arbitrary power, and a regard to the public welfare. And while such men and measures have received support, their opponents have been treated with invariable respect and candor. For it is the belief of the Editor that neither exclusive virtue or talent are to be found on one side, and it is his hope, fortified by numerous recent illustrations, that the great mass of each party only require a temperate and rational disclosure of its errors to abandon them.—From the accumulating triumphs of republicanism, he hails with joy the dawn of national harmony, and does not despair of reaching the period, when the nation will be undivided in political opinion. We cannot, it is true, expect to be exempt from the occasional intrigues of ambitious men; but the great body of the people may be so enlightened as to pursue their true interests, unmoved by the turbulence of ambition.
The same auspices, under which the National Intelligencer has hitherto been conducted, will still preside over its character.
While it fears not to examine with intrepid calmness the measures of public men, it will disdain to notice the foibles or the vices of private life.
From the encouragement which the Editor has received, and from his desire to render the paper a more comprehensive vehicle of information, its size will from this day greatly enlarged.—
The original plan of the Paper will be preserved with this addition that its maturity will enable the Editor to furnish the earliest notices of many of the most interesting domestic events, and of foreign events connected with the measures of the United States, in a shape of unquestionable authenticity. It will accordingly contain, beside the ordinary contents of a newspaper,
 I. The official acts of the General Government, including the acts of Congress  II. The debates at large.  III. As far as a scrupulous adherence to truth will admit, an exposition of the motives of the most important legislative and executive acts of the government. 
TERMS.
 1st. The NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER shall be printed three times a week on Super Royal Paper.  2d. The annual subscription shall be five Dollars, paid constantly in advance by all subscribers not residing in the City of Washington, and six Dollars paid by those who reside in the City who do not pay in advance; in which case the payment shall be half yearly. It being understood that subscribers residing at a distance from the City of Washington, are invariably to pay for a year in advance, and in every such case the transmission of the paper will cease as soon as the period shall expire for which payment shall have been made. No paper will be forwarded in any instance until the money is actually paid.  3d. All letters to be post paid. 
In consequence of the laborious duties of the Editor of a public Print, and from the necessity of recruiting health, unavoidably impaired by a constant devotion to business, the transmission of the National Intelligencer to distant subscribers will every year, at the close of the summer, be suspended for four weeks; unless some very interesting events should occur, in which case an extra paper will be published.
As during the proposed period of suspension there is usually a flagration in foreign as well as domestic politics, but little interesting matter will be lost.
During the four weeks a small paper will be regularly issued, on the usual days, and delivered to the subscribers in the City and in George-Town, containing advertisements, and a concise notice of intelligence.
TO RENT, And may be entered upon immediately the house of Mrs. WASHINGTON adjoining to general Dearborne.—Apply to Mr. LAW, Capitol Hill. November 11.
The subscriber respectfully acquaints the public, that he has removed to the corner of Ninth and E streets, where he continues to manufacture and sell all kinds of Ornaments for Chimney pieces, Door Caps, Frontispieces, Metal Sashes, &c. which may also be had at his store No. 57, Barclay Street, New-York, and to Mr. Wild's store, Market Street, Baltimore. GEORGE ANDREWS.
Who has gold leaf for sale by the package or book. May 8, 1801.
For sale, or to be rented.
A House and lot on the Capitol Hill—the lot is 20 feet 2 inches on Delaware Avenue, and about 190 feet deep extending back to a 30 feet Alley. The House is a handsome well furnished convenient three story brick house, containing 2 sealed garrets, 5 chambers, 2 parlours—kitchen with a pantry and cellar.
It is directly opposite to the Buildings of WASHINGTON, occupied by Gen. Dearborn, near adjoining to a number of houses belonging to Mr. Carroll, rented to Mr. Dalton and others. From its vicinity to the Capitol, it is well calculated for a private family; or a person attached to the offices of the Federal Legislature.—Adjoining is a lot of about 40 feet front on same Avenue, and running same depth back, (the whole under a good post and rail fence) which, if required would be sold at same time. If rented, the Tenant may make the use of the whole of the lot, which would make an excellent garden, having a South and Eastern exposure, as long as convenient to the proprietor. This property would be sold a Bargain for satisfactory payments, or well situated property in Philadelphia would be taken in exchange.
Apply to Benjamin Burch, New Jersey Avenue, or to the Editor of the National Intelligencer—or to Karrick and Percival, Philadelphia. Nov. 21.
NOTICE.
The following slaves have been committed to the jail of Washington County in the District of Columbia, viz.
JOHN MAYNARD—Twenty-nine years old, a bright mulatto, 5 feet 10 inches high, says he was formerly the property of David McMecken, Esq. of Baltimore, who sold him to a Mr. White, a Mr. Bingham, and a Mr. Sargeant from Georgia.
JIM WILMER—Twenty-five or 27 years of age, very black complexion, 5 feet 8 inches high, says he was formerly the property of Mr. Cumberland Dugan, of Baltimore, who sold him to the said White, Bingham and Sargeant—Both of these men have on coarse negro clothing, not much worn.
CHARLES—25 years of age, about 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, well made, and has a good countenance; says he belongs to a Mr. Tubman, of Benedict, in St. Mary's county, Maryland—has on coarse negro clothing, a good deal worn.
The owners of the above slaves are desired to come and take them away, or they will be sold to pay their prison expenses, according to the provision of the law respecting runaways.
DANIEL CARROLL BRENT, Marshal of the District of Columbia. Washington, October 21, 1800.
To be Rented.
THE subscriber will rent by the year, or during the session of Congress, four large, convenient three-story BRICK HOUSES—they are well calculated for Boarding Houses, being all situated on the Capitol Hill, and the nearest houses to the Capitol; two of them adjoin the well known Tavern occupied by Mr. Stille the other two are situated equally convenient to the Capitol. Any person qualified to keep such houses may know the terms by applying to
DANIEL CARROLL, of Dudn's. Sept. 28.
SANTEE CANAL.
THE COMPANY incorporated for the purpose of making an inland navigation from Santee to Cooper's river, after eight years labor, during which they have been obliged to encounter various obstacles and embarrassments, and to incur an expense far exceeding their original calculations, have the pleasure to inform the public that the Canal is finished.
This great public work, unequalled by anything of this kind in the United States, more valuable to the public than it is likely in a short time to become to the proprietors, will, it is confidently believed, remove obstacles that, in times past have embarrassed the agriculture of our interior country; by facilitating and expediting the passage of its productions to market, and very considerably diminishing the expense and risk. The Company are aware that it may be desirable to the public that the canal had been calculated for the transmission of larger boats, but when it is recollected, that at the original planning of the canal, the company were making large interests upon calculations as to supplies of water, and the amount of expenses, which calculations might possibly prove erroneous; they trust they will be justified for proceeding on a scale that would have enlarged a disappointment to themselves and the public. If the expense has greatly exceeded their calculations, they have some consolation in now having fully and satisfactorily ascertained that there is no ground to apprehend a deficiency of water in the dryest season. The canal is capable of transmitting boats considerably larger than the present locks will admit; and it is hoped that a few years of successful operation may enable the company to meet the wishes of the public more fully in this respect. For the present, boats of any size, not exceeding 56 feet in length, and 9 feet in breadth, from outside to outside, and not drawing more than 2 feet 10 inches of water, will be admitted into and pass through the canal.
The Rates of Toll fixed for the present, and until otherwise announced to the public, are as follows:
   Dolls.     A boat passing through only part of the canal, for every single lock, 2   For every double lock, 3   A boat not exceeding 6 feet in breadth, passing from river to river, 10   A boat exceeding six feet, and within the limitation, 20   A boat having paid the toll of 20 dollars down, and returning within 30 days, empty or not more than half full (to be determined by the superintendent) will be passed through from Cooper to Santee, for 12  
The Company would have been abundantly gratified had it been in their power to fix the rates still lower than the above. The most reasonable calculations however, after the payment of the current expenses, promise them but very moderate returns for their advances. Even throwing out of estimate the length of time their capital has been a dead fund; while they must trust to time to retrieve their own disappointments in respect to emolument, they will in the interim be alleviated by the certain prospect that the planters and farmers in the interior country will be furnished with new encouragements to their industry, and their fellow citizens of Charleston with a more cheap and plentiful market, by the operations of the Santee Canal.
Published by resolve of the Board of Directors. ROBERT SMITH, President. Attest. J. M. DAVIS, Sec'y.
At a meeting of the Directors, July 2, 1801.
Resolved, That the Superintendent be directed to pass through, free of expense, all proper boats that may offer, until the 30th day of September next; after which day, the toll, as at present established, shall be paid before any boat be suffered to pass.
Resolved, That a committee of directors will attend on the 11th day of October next, in order to settle and apportion to each share the debt due by the company, when certificates of stock will be issued for such shares as are settled, agreeable to the resolution of the stockholders of the 16th of February; and by virtue of the power vested in the directors at said meeting, the shares that are not so settled will be declared forfeited.
Resolved, That the Secretary do, without delay, furnish each stockholder with a copy of the above resolution.
Santee Canal Company.
RESOLVED, That the following rules be published for the information of the stockholders, viz.
RULE 10. That every proprietor shall pay five pounds sterling on each share, on the third Monday in January, and the like sum on the third Monday in July, and on the third Monday in January and July, in every succeeding year until the Canal shall be completed; but if the president, and a majority of the directors, shall judge it necessary to raise a larger sum, they shall be at liberty to call for the same, to be paid on notice of six months; provided, that the sum so to be called for on each share, shall not exceed five pounds; and provided also, that the requisition shall be made on the third Monday in January and July.
RULE 11. That if any proprietor, shall fail to make any payments, to which, by the rules of the company, he or she may be liable, when it shall become due, or within three days thereafter; every such proprietor shall forfeit to the company all the preceding payments, and also his or her interests in the said company.
Resolved, That payments be made to Thomas Jones, at the Bank of South Carolina.
Resolved, That on the third Monday in January next, an additional sum of five pounds on each share, be required from the stockholders over and above the sums then to be paid, agreeable to the 10th rule, and that the same be not lifted to the stockholders.
By order, ADAM GILCHRIST, President. JOHN M. DAVIS, Sec'y. Nov. 11, 1801.
NEW STORE.
THE Subscribers most respectfully inform the Public in general, and their friends in particular, that they have just opened a handsome assortment of
Dry Goods,
SUITABLE FOR THE SEASON, On the Pennsylvania Avenue, between the President's Square and the Seven Buildings, which they purpose to sell low for cash.
A few casks of Cut Nails.
SHARPLESS & SMITH. November 25. ep3m.
James Hewitt and Co.
In the house adjoining the one occupied by Mr. John Fack, in F Street, and near the house intended for the Branch Bank, Have opened
A HANDSOME ASSORTMENT OF
DRY GOODS,
SUITABLE to the season, which they will sell on the lowest terms. They have also on hand the following groceries, viz.
Loaf and Brown Sugar, Coffee, Young Hyson, Hylton Skin and Bohemian Teas, Pepper, Allspice, Cinnamon, Cloves, Mace and Nutmegs, Allum, Salt petre, Brimstone, Soap, Candles, Butter, Mustard, Gun powder, and Shot, &c. November 25. 22w3w.
THOMAS CARPENTER, TAYLOR,
Has just received a handsome assortment of Cloths, Cassimeres, Swansdown, &c. Of Superior Quality.
GENTLEMEN who favor him with their orders, may rest assured of strict attention, and the best & most reasonable workmanship and materials, and on reasonable terms.
Military and Naval Uniforms, and Ladies' Habits made with elegance.
City of Washington, between the President's House and the Seven Buildings, Pennsylvania Avenue. October 21, 1801. 12wtf
IMPORTED,
In the Ship Thomas, from Liverpool, Ironmongery, Cutlery, Saddle-ry and Brass Ware— which are now opening for sale at the subscriber's store on New Jersey Avenue, Capitol Hill, viz.
IRON and brass pins, locks, stock ditto, butt and HLL hinges, screws, bolts, saws, files, chisels, curriers knives, waggons boxes, frying pans, patent metal tea kettles, pots and saucepans, chalking dishes, iron pots, knife cases, knives and forks, bras and iron candlesticks, shovels and tongs, brushes, ladies dressing cases, mathematical instruments, mill, pit and cross-cut saws, japanned ware, large scale beams, &c. &c. HENRY INGLE. October 19.
The CABINET and CHAIR-MAKING Business is carried on by Ingle and Pelton, at their shop next to the above store, where orders in that line will be thankfully received and punctually attended to.
N.B. A good steady Journeyman Cabinet-Maker will meet with employ by applying as above. 22wtf
Lands for Sale or Lease.
FROM one thousand five hundred to two thousand acres of Land, of the first quality, well timbered with oak, poplar, and locusts. There is on the premises, a variety of meadow ground, none of which is improved; about 450 acres of the arable land is opened and under good enclosure, furs, lies compactly and convenient to the improvements, which consist of an overseer's house, several negro apartments, a barn, several tobacco houses, and some fruit-trees. This property lies in the county of Amherst, on the waters of James River, one hundred and ten miles above, and nine miles from the river, where it is navigable to the city of Richmond.
If these lands are not disposed of by the first of January next, the tract will be leased on a term of years. Those persons who have been accustomed to a farmer's life, will be preferred as tenants to those who have followed a lyism of planting.
Also for sale, 471 acres, lying in the same county and neighbourhood, 150 acres of which is opened, and under good enclosures, with tolerably comfortable buildings, orchards, and an excellent mill seat, &c. For further information apply to col. John Rose, near the premises, to Doctor A. J. Smith, or the subscriber, HENRY ROSE, lawN.U.tj.
who has likewise for sale a tract of land, lying within seven miles of the town of Alexandria, and City of Washington, containing 800 acres, one half of which is opened and under good enclosures, a considerable portion of timber meadow is made, and much more may be made.
Any of the above-mentioned lands are well calculated for the production of any kind of small grain, Indian corn, tobacco, or grass.—Should the last described tract (lying in the county of Fairfax, Virginia) not be sold by private bargain, it will be exposed to sale on the first day of January next, to the highest bidder, in lots of 200 acres each, or as it may suit purchasers; and if not then sold, will be rented to one or more persons as it may suit their wishes. For terms apply to Dr. A. J. Smith, near the premises, or to the subscriber. HENRY ROSE. Nov. 16.
CHARLES RICHTER,
HAIR DRESSER, FROM BALTIMORE, Has taken a house on Capitol Hill, opposite Mr. Tunnicliff's Hotel, and begs leave respectfully to offer his services in the above line, to the ladies and gentlemen of the City of Washington and George-Town. His long experience and attention to business, he hopes, will merit their favors. Ladies sending their orders will be waited on in any part of the City, or in George-Town.
HE HAS FOR SALE,
A number of Frizzets of the newest fashion and of different colors; also hair powder, shaving soap, soft and hard pomatum, Hopkins's Razor Strops of different force, with paste, &c. Nov. 20. 3t
NOTICE.
Several citizens of this place being desirous to have A BRIDGE Erected as early as possible over the POTOMAC,
From Maryland Avenue to Alexandria's Island, a book is opened at Stelle's Hotel, where it is hoped that every person who wishes to encourage so useful a work for this City, will subscribe their names before the first day of December next, also the number of shares they are willing to take, calculating them at two hundred dollars per share. Washington Nov. 11. ep1D
FOR SALE.
A TRACT of land containing 2,500 acres lying immediately on the river Potomac, in the county of Northumberland, Virginia, late the residence of PRESLEY THORNION, Esq. Seventeen hundred acres of which are of the most valuable kind of low grounds on the river; between three and four hundred acres heavily timbered, the remainder is wavy high land extremely productive. The soil of this tract is equal to any in the state for cultivation of corn, wheat, tobacco, timothy, and small grain of all kinds. On this tract are a large commodious two story brick mansion house and two offices, a large brick stable, a valuable barn, cow house and many other out-houses, all in good repair. The orchards and garden contain a variety of valuable fruit trees, and the waters abound with excellent fish and oysters. It is situated about a day's sail from Alexandria, Baltimore or Norfolk.—There are two good mill seats for grist, or saw-mills on this estate, and plenty of cedar and chestnut timber, exclusive of the heavy timber, which if sawed up into scantling will command a price in the City of Washington, nearly equal to the value of the land.
The terms will be made easy to the purchaser or purchasers, and the tract will be divided into two or more plantations if necessary.—Apply to RICHARD PETERS, junr. No. 85, Walnut Street Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Nov. 15. ep1f
The Subscribers
HAVING on hand a number of house frames of different dimensions, also, a large quantity of the various kinds of lumber requisite for building, and having made such arrangements as will ensure a constant supply thereof, and enable them to sell the same on very advantageous and moderate terms to the purchasers, hereby give notice, that on application, accompanied by a memorandum or bill of the frames or lumber wanted, they will cause the same to be delivered as soon as may be, at any of the wharves in the city of Washington, George-Town or Alexandria. The circumstances under which the subscribers enter into this business, authorize an assurance that the strictest punctuality in their engagements may be relied on. They are therefore induced to believe, that many persons who are engaged in building, or who may intend to build, will find a great convenience and advantage in making timely application, and being thus supplied with the whole of the lumber necessary for their buildings by the time it may be wanted for use.
JOHN CONNER, Somerset County, near Princess Ann, Maryland.
THOMAS MUNROE, City of Washington.
July 27. 12wtf
CONVEYANCERS OFFICE,
AND OFFICE FOR SALE OF CITY LOTS, On the Pennsylvania Avenue fronting the President's Square, near Rhode's tavern, City of Washington.
THOMAS HERTY has connected with the business of drawing Conveyances of Land, Wills, Mortgages, Leases, Bonds, Assignments powers of Attorney, petitions, and every other process needed or contract in the profession; that of buying, selling and leasing lots and houses in the City, negotiating loans, &c.
His long experience as a draftsman, and knowledge of the laws relative thereto—the knowledge which he has acquired by residence of the situation of City Lots, and how their titles have been acquired, or are liable to be affected; together with his impartial and strict regard to the interest of those who may be pleased to employ him, will, he hopes, secure to him a continuance of public patronage.
Titles to real property investigated, and opinions given thereon when required. For sale a great variety of Lots, in desirable situations in the City.
N.B. At the above office may be had, his Abridgement of the Laws of Maryland, price 6 dollars. Also his Digest of the Laws of the United States, price 3 dollars. As the Laws of Maryland are in full force on this side the Potomac, it behoves settlers to avail themselves of that information which affects their lives, liberties and property. He who is without a knowledge of his "rule of conduct" is like a stranger in his native land. May 4. 22w4w. Iowa
Thirty Dollars Reward
THE following criminals who made their escape from the prison of Washington County, in the City of Washington, on Sunday night the 11th inst. have not yet been apprehended.
FRANCIS HIGDON, a slender man, about 5 feet 6 inches high, fair complexion, black hair, and 26 or 27 years of age. It is supposed he has endeavored to get among his relations in Charles or St. Mary's County.
JAMES SCULLY, about 5 feet 5 or 6 inches high, stout made, fair complexion, an Irishman by birth, had on a blue suit of clothes quite new, and of a coarse quality.—He is about 40 years of age, talks thick, has short, bushy hair, and is very much marked with the small-pox.
HARRY, a negro man, of light complexion, 25 or 24 years of age, 5 feet 4 inches high, well made; had on when he went away, a new white cotton shirt, and new coarse, blue, cloth jacket and trousers.
It is supposed this fellow is gone to Port Tobacco, where, I am informed, his master resides, whose name is Lany Maddox. Ten dollars will be paid for the delivery of either of the above men, or thirty dollars for the whole of them. DANIEL C. BRENT, Marshal of the District of Columbia. Washington, Nov. 11.