Independent journal, or, The general advertiser (New-York [N.Y.]), 1787-09-12 00:00:00

INDEPENDENT JOURNAL: OR, THE GENERAL ADVERTISER.
NEW-YORK: PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY AND SATURDAY, BY J. M'LEAN, AND CO. AT THEIR PRINTING-OFFICE, No. 41, HANOVER-SQUARE.
Murray and Sanfom,
Have imported in the ship Betsey, Captain Watson, from London, a neat and general assortment of seasonable DRY GOODS, amongst which are the following articles;
BROAD Cloths, Cassimers, Tammies, Durants, Shalloons, Everlalings, Sattinets, Callimancoes, Fultians, Jeans, Jeanets, Corduroys, Velverets, Cotton Stripes, Cotton Checks, Bed Ticks, mens brown and black Hats, womens Shoes, quality and shoe binding, Ribbons, black and white Gauzes, Modes, Sattins, India perfans, Silk and Linen Hankerchiefs, Hosiery, Stationary, London and Bristol Pewter, Brats Cocks, tea Kettles, Brats Kettles, Frying Pans, Shovels, Spades, Sad Irons, Nails, Sickles, Crowley and Bristol Steel, Gilt and Hair Trunks, a Variety of Hardware and Cutlery, Earthen Ware in crates, white Lead ground in Oil, Cop-peras, Gun Powder and Shot.
THEY HAVE ALSO FOR SALE, Chocolate, Snuff in Bladders, Connecticut Pork and Beef, Jamaica Spirits, Madeira and Fayal Wines, Duch Pantiles, Sugar Moulds, a Variety of Iron Castings, such as Pots, Kettles, tea Kettles, Chimney Backs, Stoves, &c. and Wool cards of the very best quality, formerly marked P. Sanfom, but now M. S. & Co. which they will sell at 40s per dozen by the hoghead. New-York, April 30, 1787. 57
Christopher Lewis Lente,
At his Store, No. 39, Hanover-Square, HAS FOR SALE, a very large assortment of Groceries, Confectionaries, Wines & other bottled Liquors, &c. which were all purchased for ready Money, and will dispose of them on very reasonable Terms. He is determined not to sell any thing out of his Store but for Cash being paid on delivery of the Goods, having considerable Sums of outstanding debts, which puts it out of his power to give Credit any longer. All Orders from the Country will be punctually attended to, but no goods will be sent unless the Cash or Produce is at the same time sent.
FOR SALE,
At the READY-MONEY STORE, No. 39, Hanover-Square,
CHAMPAIGNE, Burgundy, Madeira, Claret Port, Hock, Constantia, Cyprus, Syracuse, Stomatical, Lisbon, Fyall, and Tenerife Wines, in casks and bottles, Arrack and Coniac Brandy, Geneva in casks and half ankers, A great variety of rich German, French and Italian Liquors, &c. London bottled Porter in casks & small packages, Fine Hyslop, Souchong, Green and Bohea Tea, Coffee, Chocolate and Sugar-Candy, Double and Single Lump Sugar, Muscovado, ditto. With a large and general assortment of GROCERIES, too tedious to enumerate.
Considerable abatement will be made to who purchase by the Quantity.
WHEREAS process hath been issued out of the Supreme Court of Judicature of the State of New-York, against JOSEPH PURDY, and NATHANIEL PURDY, in an action of trespass, at the suit of LEWIS MORRIS, and declaration has been filed in the said action in the Clerk's Office of the said Court, in pursuance of two Acts of the People of the State of New-York, the one entitled, "An Act for granting a more effectual relief in cases of certain Trespasses," passed the 17th March, 1783; the other, entitled, "An Act to amend an Act entitled, an Act for relief against abconding and absent Debtors, and to extend the remedy of the Act, entitled, an Act for granting a more effectual relief in cases of certain Trespasses, and for other purposes therein mentioned," passed May 4, 1784. PUBLIC NOTICE is hereby given to the above-named Defendants, that unless they shall enter their appearance within six months from the date of this publication, that interlocutory judgment will be entered against them pursuant to the said act. New-York, August 2, 1787. 85 3m.
JUST IMPORTED, And now opening for Sale, by
Nicholas Brevoort,
At his Store, No. 25, QUEEN-STREET, FOUR-PENNY, 6d. 8d. 10d. 12d. 20d. and 24d. Nails; Brats Kettles; Sheet Copper; Sheet Iron; Frying Pans; Spades and Shovels; Iron Pots and Kettles; Anvils; Beck Irons; Vices; Sheet Lead; White Lead; Scythes and Sickles; Saws of all kinds; Locks and Hinges; Carpenters', Coopers' and Joiners' Tools; Sash Line; Desk Furniture; Tuff and Staple Nails; Currier's Knives and Fleshers; Spike and Nail Gimblets; Brats Knob Latches; Brats and Iron Candlesticks; Shovels and Tongs; Copper and Iron Tea Kettles; Writing Paper; Jack Chains; Brats and Iron wire; Files of all sorts; Diaper Web; Shoe and Knee Chapes; Warming-Pans; Knives and Forks; Sad Irons; Coffee-Mills; Kitchen and Chamber Bellows; Curb and Snaffle Bits; Men and Women's Stirrup Irons; Curry Combs; Scale Beams; Steelyards; Glue; and many other articles in the Hard-ware Line, too tedious to enumerate. New-York, July 10, 1787. 78
William Seton, & Co.
Have Removed to No. 12, HANOVER-SQUARE, where they have for Sale, on the most reasonable Terms,
ZANT Currants, in butts and barrels, Anniseed, } in barrels. Senna, Cantharides, } in small boxes, Manna, Vermicelli, Marble Chimney Pieces and Jambs. Ditto Slabs, Flags and Mortars, Italian Artificial Flowers and Wreaths, Ditto black and white Crapes and Tiffanys, Ditto Silks and Sattins, Ditto coarse Cotton Stockings, Calicoes, Chintzes and Handkerchiefs, Turkey and Wilton Carpets, large size, Preserved Fruits, in Brandy and Syrup. CLARET, of first Quality in three dozen cases. A L S O, A few Pipes of picked particular MADEIRA WINE, and a Quantity of MAHOGANY, cut in sets for Bedsteads. 54
JOHN GLOVER,
Is removed from No. 71, William-street, to No. 49, Broad-way, near the Oswego Market, and hath for sale,
A general assortment of Dry Goods, Wholesale and retail, which he will sell low for cash; consisting of
BROAD CLOTHS, Ratinets and Shalloons with Trimmings, Moreens, Durants and Tammies, Chintzes and Calicoes, Printed Linens and Chintz ditto, a variety, Fultians Jeans, Corduroys and Velverets, Irish Linens and Sheeting, Wide and Narrow Checks, Ruffles and Calimancoes, Sattinets and Lattings, Silk and other Handkerchiefs, Modes, Sattins and Peclongs, Brocades and Lutestrings, Persians and Saracens, Gauzes, Cambricks and Lawns, Mullins, Shawls, Corded Dimities and Dutch Cord, Hosiery of all kinds, Mens boys and childrens Hats, Ladies black and brown ditto, Black and white Ostrich Feathers, Coloured and black Ribbons, Mens and womens Shoes, Bedticks, Diapers and Tablecloths, Mens and womens Gloves, Sewing-Silks, Pins, Threads, Tapes, &c. With a variety of other Articles. 58
BLANK Bonds, Bills of Exchange, Powers of Attorney, Indentures, Seamen's Articles, &c. to be had of the Printer.
FAYAL WINES,
Of a very superior Quality,
JUST imported from FAYAL, in the Sloop CRIPPLE, GILES HOLLISTER, Master, and for Sale on reasonable Terms, by LE ROY and BAYARD, No. 194, Water-Street.
Who have likewise still on Hand, LINTSEED OIL, in Casks, Dutch; OSNABURGHES, FLEMISH SHEETINGS; CARDWIRE; PEPPER in bales. New-York, July 27. 82
Gouverneur & Kemble,
Have imported, and now for SALE, at their Store in Front-Street,
MUSCOVADO An assortment of Cordage and Cables, and barrels, Holland Duck, Windward Island Rum, Russia Duck, and Jamaica Spirits, Raven's Duck, Old Sherry Wine in pipes & quarter casks, Russia Sheeting, Old Brandy in do. do. Oznabrigs, Lisbon Salt, Ticklenburgs, Black Pepper in bales, Flemish Linens, from 100 to 400 lb. Writing Paper. A quantity of salted Dutch copper Tea- Spanish dryed Hydes. Kettles, Linseed Oil in casks, Rosin in barrels, Geneva in casks. 77
BENJAMIN S. JUDAH,
No. 12, QUEEN-STREET,
HAS FOR SALE, Indigo, Raccoon, Fox, and wild Cat Skins, &c. &c. &c.
ALSO, The following valuable HOUSES and FARMS, on the most reasonable Terms; for which an indisputable Title will be given the purchaser by the Subscriber, viz. In CONNECTICUT. A Tract of Land laying in Salisbury, Litchfield County, twenty-eight Acres laying in the Town of Salisbury, and three hundred twenty-two Acres one quarter of a Mile distance from said Town, with Improvements; being a most eligible situation for a Farmer, as said Tract commands one Mile and a half of the main Road, the Land laying on each side of the same, and is bounded on a most beautiful and pleasant Lake, with an abundant supply of Fish, &c. A Tract of Land laying and being in Canaan A House and Tract of Land laying in Wallingford. A Farm at East Hadam, and A Farm at Lime. NEW-JERSEY. A Farm at Colt's Neck, lately in the tenure of the Widow Huddy, about fifty-three Acres, with excellent Buildings and Out-Houses—has been occupied for this twenty years past as a Tavern, and one of the most public situations as such, commanding all the company that resort to the sea-shore, from Philadelphia, &c. with a good stream of Water running through the same A Farm at Shrewsbury, about sixty Acres of good Land, well Wooded and Watered, with good Buildings, and repleat with many conveniences. A House in the Town of Freehold, with about eight Acres of Meadow Land and Orchard—now going through a thorough repair. To LEASE. Several Lots laying in and about this City, for a Term of Years, and immediate possession given. For Particulars, enquire of BENJAMIN S. JUDAH. N. B. Paper Edition of New-Jersey, will be received at Par. New-York, May 8, 1787.
To be had of the Printer, DR. ANDERSON'S GENUINE SCOTS PILLS.
TO BE HAD AT Lot Merkel's Store,
No. 33, HANOVER-SQUARE, nearly opposite the BANK,
Tobacco for Smoking.
KITEFOOT, of the very first quality, Ditto of an inferior ditto, Large Roll Tobacco, fit for Manufacturers, Segars, Genuine Maccauba Snuff, Ditto Rappée, of different qualities, Gentlemen's Gloves, Buckskin and Beaver, of the first quality. At the above STORE, the Highest Price is given for SHIPPING FURS. New-York, May 23, 1787. 65
W I N E S,
Just imported and to be sold by WILLIAM SETON, & Co. No. 12, HANOVER-SQUARE.
OLD Sherry in Bats, Spanish Madeira, in Bats, Old Lisbon Wine in Quarter Casks, Bourdeaux Claret in Hogheads, Cape of Good Hope Madeira, Particular Madeira, 3 years old, London quality Madeira, New-York, do. do. Old Hock, of the vintages 1753, 1766 and 1779, in Casks of 4 and 7 dozen Bottles, Claret of the very first quality, in Casks of 3 and 7 dozen. The Wines are all genuine and good, and will be sold on the most reasonable Terms. New-York, June 25, 1787. 73
New Millenary Store.
Miss LOGIE,
MILLINER, from LONDON,
BEGS Leave to inform the Ladies in particular, and the Public in general, that she has opened Store at No. 8, Water-Street, nearly opposite to Mr. John Shaw's, Wine Merchant, where she intends to carry on the MILLENARY Business in all its different Branches, after the newest and most approved Fashions in London, and on the most reasonable Terms. She will keep a general Assortment of every thing in the line of her business of the best Qualities, and will dispose of them on the most moderate Terms. Ladies' DRESSES, of every sort, will be made up after the newest Fashion, and with the utmost expedition. As Miss LOGIE has settled Correspondents who will send her regularly the Fashions both from London and Paris, by every opportunity, she flatters herself, that by her Attention to keep a good Assortment of the best and most fashionable Things in her way, and her endeavours to Please those Ladies who may Employ her, she will meet with the Encouragement of a generous Public, to Merit whose Favours will be her principal care and study.
She has for SALE, Several Articles of MILLINARY, ready made up, after the present and most approved of Fashions in London. New-York, July 27, 1787. 82
TO BE SOLD,
A TRACT OF LAND, containing near Seven Hundred Acres, lying on the North Branch of Rariton River, about eighteen Miles from the Town of Brunswick, in New-Jersey. Any Person inclining to view these Lands, will apply to Mr. ABRAHAM BERTON, Tavern-keeper, at the North Branch. This Land is of such excellent quality, and so well situated, as to need no particular description. For Terms apply to the Printer. New-York, August 1, 1787. 86 2w.

Foreign Intelligence brought by the Ship Hudson, Capt. Folger from Dublin.
L O N D O N, July 11.
A letter brought by the last Dutch mail says, "That on the 7th inst. (last Saturday) the Prince of Orange attacked and took the city of Wyck." No particulars are mentioned in the letter. The fact, however, is positively asserted. Wyck stands upon the Lych, about twelve miles above Utrecht, and commands all that river.
July 16.
The letters from Utrecht paint the devastations committed by the Orange party at Middlebourg in the darkest and deepest colours. Fire and sword, they say, carry every thing before them. They accuse the Stadholder of having encouraged the soldiers to plunder and pillage; and go so far as to assert, that it is by his sanction and authority that a great number ( nombre infini ) of citizens of all classes have been massacred, robbed, plundered, burnt, and drowned. For these accounts there is no other authority than the gaze dixit of the Utrecht Gazette.
The town of Flushing has not yet suffered in this violent manner; but the magistrates have been obliged to submit to the Stadholder's yoke. On the 2d instant, every thing was calm and quiet; but in less than half an hour the face of affairs became quite changed. The chimes of the great church gave the signal, by playing an air very well known, "Wilhelmus Van Nassau," but which was composed upon a William of a very different stamp from William the Vth. The Orange flag was displayed, and the Regency obliged by force to subscribe to the four following promises:
 1st. To vote in the assembly of the States of the Provinces agreeable to the Aristocratic principles of Middlebourg and Goez.  2d. To annihilate the patriotic national fund.  3d. To destroy the batteries which had been erected to protect them from the mob; and,  4th. To recall the promise of reward placed upon his head who had occasioned the first of the disturbances, by substituting the Orange flag for that of the States. 
There are some rotten members of the Council of War, who have caused their troops to exact all this of the magistrates, threatening that plunder would be the consequence of their refusal. All the inhabitants of Flushing are in the greatest terror, dreading every minute the fate of the citizens of Middlebourg, and are compelled to smother their indignation against the proceedings of the Stadholder's party.
Holland, Overijssel, and the city of Utrecht, are under the necessity of making vigorous efforts against the Prince's army. Although the places he has taken are places of little consequence as to strength, yet they are important as to posts, and ought to rouse the activity of those who value the liberty of the Republic. The capture of Wyck is likely to be followed by that of Harderwijk, in Guelderland. Nothing further remains to be done in that province, which will then be entirely in the power of the Stadholder's despotic measures, and the tyrants of Arnheim. They have then only to fall upon Utrecht, and make an invasion on Holland.
The States of Holland, by a majority of twelve voices, have agreed to request the mediation of the Court of France. The Grand Pensionary has orders to give information of this to his Excellency the Marquis de Verac, Ambassador of his Most Christian Majesty.
Three vessels have arrived at Amsterdam, on board of which were some of the first families of Hardenwicks, who have fled from the tyranny of the States of Guelderland. Baron de Capellen de Marsh, and Baron de Ryssel, have also left that province, and retired to Overijssel.
A letter from Utrecht, dated July 8, says, that on the Wednesday preceding, about the afternoon, the camp at Zeyst was observed to be in motion: this has given rise to a suspicion, that the Stadholder has an intention to invade Holland. He may enter by Gozcum, but to arrive at the Hague, which is the main object, he must pass the Lek with his army. That passage is not so easy, as the auxiliaries there are continually on the watch, and may incommode his troops very much, and even oblige them to retreat.
From the Hague, we learn, that Timmerman, the Captain of the cavalry, who was taken into custody for having attempted to seduce two battalions of the regiment of Philipsdal in the garrison there, is committed to prison, where he will remain till he is tried for his life.
The equestrian order, and the small towns where they have influence, have insisted on requesting the Princess of Orange to come to the Hague, &c. The town of Amsterdam oppose this measure, and offer many reasons against it; but it is not true that they have proposed to banish the Princess, the Stadholder and family, from the province of Holland, as has been reported.
By the same accounts, we hear, that the officers of the burghers at the Hague had secretly agreed with the officers, or at least some of the officers of the garrison, to take their departure with what numbers they could collect, to meet the Princess of Orange, when she should arrive at a small distance from the Hague; but this was prevented by the arrest of her Highness. M. le Drossart, Vander Meer has discovered behind the house of Doelen, where the council of war of the burghers of the Hague is kept, five chests of fire arms, and 2,200 cartouches made up; these chests had been secreted there by three officers of that faithful corps, who are known. The College of the Deputy Council being informed of this, the chests were brought to them, but at the request of the magistrates, they were deposited under the Town-house, where it is hoped they will be put to a very different use from that which they were
designed to serve. Such is the plot which has been fortunately discovered; and it is on such plots that William the Fifth depends for success! [Amsterdam Gazette, published by authority!]
The capture of Wyck, which we already announced to our readers, is confirmed. A body of 1000 men assembled before Wyck in the night of Friday or Saturday se'nnight; the place submitted without resistance, that in fact it was not capable of making; and according to a letter from Utrecht, pillage and murder were committed by the captors, according to the mode adopted by the Stadholder party; selon le mode adopté par la partie Stadhouderian.
The capture of this place gives additional resolution to the patriotic party, who are more determined than ever to withstand the Stadholder. There were but 100 burghers in garrison in Wyck, who could not be expected to attempt to defend the place against 1000 regulars.
The States of Holland have made it a capital crime to carry about Orange flags, &c. or distribute papers in favor of that party. This looks like a free discussion of grievances!
A letter from the Hague, July 7, says, "Whatever may be the event of our present struggles, France, which has proved herself the friend and faithful ally of the Republican party, continues to demonstrate the same generosity, the same intentions, equally worthy of her power and wisdom, in preparing openly, and with the tacit consent of other states, such a force as may prevent the effusion of blood. The fleet preparing at Brest, would be alarming intelligence, if the design was not the most humane. Sixteen ships, two of which are of 110 guns, two of 80, and the rest of 74, will be ready for the sea within a few days. The names of these ships are, the Royal Louis, and Majestueux, of 110; Deux Freres, and L'Esprit, of 80; Le Neptune, Northumberland, Magnaume, Temeraire, Sceptre, Victorie, Achilles, Argonaute, Hercule, Illustre, Brave, and Superbe, of 74 guns. Twenty-eight more ships of the line are ordered to be ready in case they should be wanted. At Toulon, a fleet of six ships is preparing; and at Rochfort three ships are ordered to be got ready. These preparations have for their object, to restore liberty to the Republics."
A letter from the Hague, dated July 10, says, "Yesterday afternoon an extraordinary courier arrived here from Berlin, at the hotel of the Prussian Ambassador, the Baron de Thulemeyer, and soon after that Minister returned from Nimeguen, and this morning had a conference with the President of the Assembly of the States General and the Counsel or Pensionary, upon which occasion his Excellency presented a memorial from his Sovereign the King of Prussia."
"It appears from the Registers of the States General of the United Provinces, that their High Mightinesses having deliberated upon the letter received from the Prince Stadholder, relative to the detention of her Royal Highness the Princess, they have resolved, that the representations made to the States of Holland and West-Friesland upon the subject, should be reiterated by another letter, written in the most earnest, and at the same time moderate manner, and requiring a full and equitable satisfaction to be made for the outrage offered to her Royal Highness, and at the same time that the Princess should be so far from being prevented in her intentions of going to the Hague, that she should, on the contrary, be requested, as speedily and conveniently as possible, to proceed on her intended journey, it being the opinion of their High Mightinesses, that the views expressed by her Royal Highness in going to the Hague, are the only ones, under the Divine Benediction, that can put an end to those dissensions and dreadful differences which seem to threaten this Republic with ruin and destruction. That their High Mightinesses are extremely apprehensive for the consequences that may arise from a further opposition to the journey and laudable views of the Princess, in which (they again repeat) they will not take the smallest part; but if the States of Holland and West-Friesland continue to relief giving any ear to the equitable and proper advice of the Illustrious Assembly of the States General the States of Holland and West-Friesland must take the consequences to themselves."
"The States General further resolved to write to the Prince, acquainting him how sensibly they feel so, the insult offered to the person of his Royal Consort and the steps they have and will take in that affair, but that they had not yet found that they had produced the desired effect with the States of Holland and West-Friesland; that they would not however, discontinue the using every endeavour consulting with the nature of the affair the dignity of her Royal Highness, and the interest they take in every thing that relates to her and his person, the Houses they spring from, and the relation they bear to this Republic to engage the States of Holland and West-Friesland, to conform to the just and pressing instances of the Assembly of the States General, and the wishes of his Serene Highness."
"The Greflier Fagel is authorised by the States General to give notice to the Prince of Orange of all that had been done in their Assembly upon the above subject."
From respectable authority, we can inform our readers, that an alliance, offensive and defensive has been signed between Great Britain and Prussia. It passed the Great Seal last week, and was forwarded to the Continent with the greatest expedition. This will in all probability accelerate the crisis of the tumults in Holland.
Accounts from France speak very positively of hostile preparations there, and that twenty-nine ships of the line, and thirteen frigates, are fitting out with all possible dispatch.
Extracts of a letter from the Hague, July 6. "The troubles are universal in all the provin-
ces of the Republic; no means of accommodation seem propopable, and probably arms must decide the matter. The rage of the Stadholderian party is at its height, since the refusal of the passage to the Princess; but the States of Holland had such legitimate reasons for their conduct in that respect; the plan was so clear, so evident, to overturn every thing at the Hague, that we cannot sufficiently bless Heaven for the obstacle put, by stopping her Royal Highness in her march. The pretended propositions of peace that are alleged, did not stand in need of any secrecy; it was going to work in a very suspicious manner; to come clandestinely, without having communicated the matter to any but those known for their influence over the populace."
"The general plan was well combined, which was to strike a great blow in all the provinces of the Republic at once, beginning at the Hague. We need but approximate what passed at Nimeguen, Zutphen, Doelen, Thiel, Bommel, Middlebourg, &c. &c. precisely on the 29th, the day also designed for committing the same excesses in Holland and we shall see if these same States of Holland are so much to blame for having provided for the safety of their province. Upwards of 3000 Orange cockades were ready to be distributed at the moment of the arrival of the Princess at the Hague; detachments of the mob were posted in all the necessary places, and about 300 hundred houses were marked for pillage. These are not simple assertions, they are truths, proved by evidence, and which all the declarations in the world, cannot do away. The Princess has not received the slightest injury, and it was much better for her to turn back, than to see an universal massacre become the consequence of an inconsiderate step."
"This moment a rumour is spread, that the town of Wyck has surrendered to the troops of the Prince; that the ancient Regency is restored, the Burghers disarmed,—and that this Bulwark of Utrecht, is entirely subdued. If this news is confirmed by to-morrow, Holland will yield to the desire of the free corps, which to form themselves into an army, in number from 20 to 25,000 men, and join the legion of Salm, then march with a numerous artillery for Zeist, then to Amersfort, and from thence to Gueldres, to sweep, by a coup de main , the little army of the Prince, without waiting its making a further progress."
"The general assembly of the Free Corps has already declared, that it cannot delay the execution of this plan any longer, the only one that can save Holland, and the city of Utrecht; the Burghers army will be 30,000 strong, and they conceive that there is not a moment to be lost."
"P. S. The news is confirmed. Wyck is taken! The attack on Utrecht is said to be for Monday, (9th.) Wyck made no resistance;—there were only 100 armed men in it."
A gentleman, just arrived from Amsterdam, saw Lord George Gordon there—and thus he describes his conduct and situation. On his arrival in the city, Lord George waited on one of the Magistrates, and informed him, "That having been most cruelly persecuted in England, he had retreated to a country very dear to him , as being the land of Protestantism and of liberty." Lord George added, "that, as he had fought an asylum in Holland, he should live as a private citizen, and not by any means interfere in commotions; his employment would be of a religious nature ."—Lord George then took his leave, enquired for the house of Mr. Mojes, a Jew, which, having found, he delivered a recommendation letter, written by a Rabbi, in Hebrew. Mr. Mojes received Lord George with extreme cordiality, allotted him apartments in his house, where he at this moment resides; and when the gentleman who communicated these particulars quitted Amsterdam, there was every reason to believe, that Lord George was preparing for circumcision, and meant to embrace Judaism. His Lordship associates exclusively with people of that persuasion, lets his bread grow, and, in every respect, resembles a proselyte. This whimsical incident is a proof of events being produced by causes apparently not bearing the most distant relation: for who could have supposed that the French Ambassador, a Roman Catholic, should have occasioned a Presbyterian to turn Jew? Yet this will be the case, if Lord George should commence Israelite.
Extract of a letter from Monsieur LE FROG, (Mr. Pitt's own Man) to JOHN BULL, (Servant out of Livery to Mr. Eden, at Paris) dated Downing-street, June 22, 1787.
MON CHER JOHN, "YOU tell Monsieur Eden, that my place be ver well—and I tank him for le recommendation. Monsieur Pitt be ver pret Gentilhomme—but quelque fois , he be angry—ae politique of dis campaign be ver strange—but dere be all one grand object— Charite commence par soi meme as we say en France —evry man for himself. But I vil tell all de nouvelle as I promis."
We de ministry ave carried all before us. Monf. Fox est vaincu . We made de Commercial Treaty comme vous voyez , ver pret exchange; de vin pour le bœuf —small tin wines for de great feat ox—and de snuff-box and de fan, and de eye-glass, and de shoe-string, and de ruffles sans le chemise , and de paint, et de poudre, et de liqueurs, and de fricasse delicieux et de wood shoes, et de politesse, et de caps de ribon, de gauze, et de silks, et tout le reste, dat be fashionable, Monf. Eden, Mon. Maitre, are got from the grand Monarque to polish and make gentlemen of de uncultivated English, and vat is sent to France en retour? rien, point de tout —nothing at all—but de nasty fat ox—de nasty hide—de ugly hardware, de black coals, and all de artificers of de manufactures that will be idle. Dis is all for de good of Angleterre; et ainsi Monf. Pitt says.
Mon cher John, de women commence, begin to be no longer de barbare ; on parlent Francois —de speak de French better dan I write de English. Comment vous parlez vous, Monf. le Frog , said de Kitchen Maid to me, dis day as I passed de scullery; I was astonished, Monf. Soupe Sante de Cook, was astonished, and Mademoiselle Disbelloth the scullinefs was astonished—but we are tout a la mode de France , in Downing-street, and de house-keeper's dog barks in French, and de laundress's cat mews in French comme il faut :—one thing I must mention a vous —Monsieur Pitt vis is own hand, write to de Deputy Lieut. of de Tower, expressing dat it was de desire of son Majeste, de Lyons do in future roar in French, and dat all de other wild beasts under Royal Authority learn de same so soon as possible—dere's for you John. The grand Monarque must do so too—he must issue orders to de wolves and wild bears, and to de asses and mules dat do learn de Cockney; for as my master says, dere must be reciprocity proved against de next Session of Parliament—as he means to open his wallet in French—and so he ought John, for de King of England gives his Royal assent to de laws in French—and why should not be beginning as well as de end be in French?
We have almost done up Monf. Hastings — pauvre Diable —Monsieur Burke be one great man against him, and Monf. Sheridan de other—and vat is ver strange, at our house de get nothing but bonor by it. Monf. Dundas says honor won't fill de belly—and c'est vrai en verite . Entre nous, Monf. John, dis be strange government in dis country. Mon Maitre, says de Kingdom owes de millions of money, and dat de way to discharge de obligation is to encrease de debt—and so he taxes de people to de amount of a million, and with dat million he pays off so much of de debt—we don't do this way in France—for if I borrow a Louis D'or to pay a Louis D'or, den I am still in debt a Louis D'or—but Monf. Pitt is not Monsieur Necker—were I de Minister of dis country, I would strike off all de salaries of de great officers, and sell all de inferior places for de benefit of de Kingdom—I would confiscate all de Bishop's living to de same purpose, and sell all de wales and commons, and crown-land; and all de British possessions in Germany; and I would reduce all pensions to one hundred pounds per ann. and I would make de City of London, and other overgrown corporation, contribute all de surplus after paying all necessary expenses to de state—and I would not build large expensive houses for de Lord Howe and de Mr. Dundas, unless he paid a great rent for de same—Enfin, mon cher John , I would really save six or seven millions, instead of artificially putting by one million a year—but dis is all entre nous —I know my master has no such idea—he at other matters—he and Monf. my Lord Jenkinson, think more about keeping all majority together, and how de are to be pleased, dan they do of de good to de kingdom.
Our Betty de under cook, desires you to send her over two elegant fans, and three of de most fashionable caps in Paris, and a box of rouge and a box of carmine, and some of de best perfumes, six bottles—and Monf. Robert de footman begs you to send him one box of carmine, and some of de richest perfumes that are at Court, with a dozen pair of silk stockings, an elegant snuff-box, a pocket glass, de same kind as dat sent by Monf. Eden to Monf. Grenville, and a pair of de best paste buckles, with twelve pounds of de most fashionable powder, and four bags for de hair. You may likewise send to me on account about an hundred packs of playing cards, as de are not interdicted by de Commercial Treaty, and my master is growing very fond de French games—propos—you ave heard of de Fermiers General—when de shop-tax is next year farmed, I am to be made one Fermier General.
Monf. le Grand Thurlow—opposed letting de poor people out of prison on principles of liberty—perpetual confinement for debt, being a principle of de constitutional freedom of England—and Monf. Howard—de man of humanity, joins with him—because if dere was no prison, dere would be no opportunity for dis Howard to be praised for his philanthropy— c'est bon raison , Monf. John.
Adieu, and let me hear from you soon. LE FROG.
New-York, Sept. 12.
The Hague Gazette, of July 6, contains the following authentic copy of a letter, sent by her Royal Highness the Princess of Orange to the States of Holland, dated at Nimeguen, July 1, 1787.
"Noble and Mighty Lords, "We were very much surprized on Thursday the 28th of June, to be detained by order of the Committee of your Noble Mightinesses, for the defence of the Province and City of Utrecht, from proceeding on our journey to Orange Zaal, notwithstanding we had confidently assured the said Committee, that it was for no other purpose but to endeavour the restoration of peace and quietness; and that in order to prevent trouble, we had thought proper to keep it as secret as possible. We cannot conceal from your Noble Mightinesses, the manner in which this step was executed and carried on by your Noble Mightinesses. After we returned from the place where we were first detained, to Schoonhoven, from whence we acquainted your Noble Mightinesses of this proceeding, and at the same time remonstrated how little it accorded with our feeling and understanding, and how much we wished to proceed on our journey. We indeed flattered ourselves, that in consideration of the attention which we had a right, to expect from your Noble Mightinesses, that your Noble Mightinesses would never coun-

LINES WRITTEN A FEW WEEKS SINCE.  HOW loud the wind howls! Hark! 'tis like the wave That breaks tumultuous on the rocky shore! Ye spirits of the gale, its force restrain, And save my blossoms, save my wint'ry store.  The sun's obscur'd!—and, ere the Muse can tell, Its radiant pow'rs their brightness beams dis- close; And now again the shadowy scene returns, And now again meridian splendor glows.  The clouds impetuous scud beneath the sky! See! see their shadows fleet along the hills! 'Tis interesting all! and thro' my breast, So grand the scene, a gentle horror thrills.  The feather'd warblers, mounted on the gale, With shrieks affrighted swift are borne along; How wild their cry!—how chang'd their little notes, How chang'd since last we prais'd their even- ing long.  Alas, my trees! how wild your branches wave! Your leaves, your blossoms fly the waiting blast; Torn from the parent stem they scatter wide, See all around the vernal ruins cast!  See! on the bosom of the neighbouring pool, The little wave attempt in vain its pow'r: See, see! the reeds now lash its shivering breast, Now rise and spread around the scanty show'r!  The tender corn bows down its infant head, Yields to the storm, and to its parent earth Clings for support—and mark! with many a kiss, Asks succour there, whence late it ow'd its birth.  I entreat spirits of the wind, Oh spare! Deform no more this trident spring of ours! Thine is the Winter's reign! O cease thy rage, Destructive to thy fruits and budding flow'rs.  How loud the wind howls! Hark! 'tis like the wave That breaks tumultuous on the rocky shore! The voice of Pity and the Muse how vain! O spare my blossoms! spare my wint'ry store.
NEW BOOKS,
Imported by JAMES RIVINGTON, in the Lark Schooner, just arrived from London,
THE Life of M. Turgot, late Comptroller General of the Finances of France, a favourite work, adapted to the perusal of Gentlemen in Congress, those now sitting in Convention at Philadelphia, and all other readers upon Finance and Political Economy, &c.
Poems and Essays by the late Miss Bowdler, a Work so favourably received in England, as to have run through three editions in a short time.
Mr. Jenkinson, now Lord Hawkesworth's collection of Treatises complete, in three Octavos.
Veneroni's Italian and English Grammar, with sundry other Books and Dictionaries for acquiring the Italian Language.
Telemachus, in French and English, with various others in French and English, including Chambaud's and Boyer's Dictionaries, &c. to teach the French Tongue.
Coxe's Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden, and Denmark, with Political Enquiries and Historical Relations. This elegant Writer accompanied Lord Herbert, the Earl of Pembroke's son, through the above Countries, as Dr. Moore attended Duke Hamilton, whose Travels he published, and to which these of Mr. Coxe are a proper Supplement respecting European Travel. 91
This day is published, in one Volume,
ARCHBISHOP SECKER'S LECTURES on the CATECHISM of the CHURCH of ENGLAND. A Work that comprizes and teaches the whole duty of a Christian, so universally received by all denominations, as to have arrived at a sixth edition of many thousand copies; they were first printed in two Octavo's, price Twenty Shillings, and are now sold in one Volume, at Seven Shillings. Great numbers are purchased to give away among the young and ignorant, as well as to persons of advanced years. 91
Auction and Commission Store.
JOHN RAMSAY,
RESPECTFULLY begs leave to acquaint his Friends and the Publick in general, that he has opened a Store at his House No. 221, Queen-Street, near the upper end of the Fly-Market, for the purpose of vending every quality of Merchandise both by Public and Private Sale on Commission.
Sales will also be made where else it may on particular occasions be necessary.
He is well provided with Cellars and Stores or the reception of bulky as well as fine Goods and the favour of the commands of the Public will be gratefully received and faithfully executed with every endeavour to render perfect satisfaction.
He has on hand an assortment of Irish Linens Cambricks, Men, and Womens, Thread and Cotton Stockings, Calicoes, white and brown Russia Sheetings, striped Cottons, Pound Pins, Ribbons, nets of Trunks, Callimancoes, &c. which he will dispose of very reasonable, for prompt pay.
New-York, May 22, 1787. 63
Chastellux's Travels.
PROPOSALS, For publishing by SUBSCRIPTION, in Two Volumes 12mo. A neat American Edition of TRAVELS IN NORTH-AMERICA, In the Years 1780, 1781, and 1782.
BY THE MARQUIS DE CHASTELLUX,
One of the Forty Members of the French Aca- demy, and Major-General in the French Army, serving under the Count de Rocham- beau.
Translated from the French by an English Gentle- man, who resided in America at that Period.
WITH NOTES BY THE TRANSLATOR.
CONDITIONS.
 I. This Work will be printed in Two Vo- lumes, on a new Type and good Paper.  II. The Price to Sub- scribers will be only Six Shillings per Volume, neatly bound and let- tered. — Non Sub- scribers, Seven Shil- lings.  III. Those who subscribe for Twelve Copies will receive a Thirteenth gra- tis.  IV. As soon as a suffi- cient number of Sub- scribers appear to defray Expences, the Work will be put to Press, and finished with all pos- sible expedition.  V. A List of the Names of the Encouragers of this Undertaking will be printed at the beginning of the Second Volume. 
No Money will be required till the delivery of both Volumes.
SUBSCRIPTIONS are taken in by Thomas Allen, No. 16, Queen-Street, corner of the Fly-Market; and of the Printers, No. 41, Hanover Square, and all others entrusted with Proposals.
TO THE PUBLIC.
THIS Work is too highly celebrated among the inquisitive and ingenious to render a lengthy Account of it necessary. The great number of Co- pies which have been sold in Europe, and the Extracts taken from it and Published in the different Ma- gazines and Newspapers is an unquestionable Evidence of its literary Reputation. To be informed of the Soil and Produce of this Country; of the Character, Employment and Manners of its Inhabitants, as ob- served by a Foreigner of Distinction in a Tour through the United States, is an Object of importance to every intelligent American. — The different Sieges and Bat- tles, and many interesting Particulars of the late aston- ishing Revolution are unfolded and commented upon. — The high military Rank of the Author in- troduced him to an acquaintance with many of those patriotic Worthies who stood foremost in the Fields of Fame, and in the Defence of the Rights of Mankind. — He particularly delineates the Characters of Gene- rals Washington, Green, Gates, St. Clair, Hunting- don, Lincoln, Schuyler, Knox, Wayne, Glover, How, Heath, Moylan, &c. &c. Governors Jefferson, Harrison, Trumbull, &c. &c. Mr. Robert Morris, Financier, Mr. Paine, and a great many others. — But his Attention was not here confined; the fair Daugh- ters of Freedom claim their Share; and it is easy to perceive, that the noble Heart of the polite Marquis would melt under the Rays of American Beauty — Shall it be added, that the exalted Station, foreign Connections, and superior Education of the Author place him above the suspicion of Adulation, and must have dictated to his Pen the Language of Sincerity.
This Work is therefore calculated, not only to answer the Purposes of Utility, but to afford likewise the highest Entertainment. — The whole is inter- spersed with curious Anecdotes.
*** This Undertaking is the cheapest ever offered to the Public; and Gentlemen who are desirous to encourage the Manufactures of their Country, will doubtless be pleased to think that the Price of this Book, although printed on an handsome Type, good Paper and neatly Bound and Lettered, will be but half the Price of the cheapest Edition yet imported from Europe.
New-York, June 4, 1787. 67
THOMAS THOMAS, TINMAN, COPPERSMITH, and BRASS FOUNDER,
No. 206, QUEEN-STREET, opposite Burling-Slip.
BEGS leave to return his sincere Thanks to his Friends and the Public in general, and informs them, that he has entered very exten- sively into the manufacturing part of the above Branches of Business, superior to any imported and equally as Cheap. He has on hand a very large and extensive Assortment of all kinds of Tin, Copper, Brass, and Pewter Ware, which he intends selling on very low Terms for Cash.
Copper and Brass Utensils mended and tinned with pure Grain Tin.
The highest Price given for old Copper, Brass and Pewter.
By order of JOHN SLOSS HOBART, Esq. one of the Justices of the Supreme Court of Judicature, for the State of New-York:
PUBLIC NOTICE is hereby given, that on the application of JOHN OOTHOUT, of the City of New-York, Merchant, a Creditor of JOHN DUMONT, late of the same City, Mer- chant, a Debtor residing without this State, he hath, in pursuance of the Act, entitled, "An Act for relief against absconding and absent Debtors," passed the 4th of April, 1786, dis- rected all the Estate, real and personal, of the said John Dumont, within this State, to be seized; and that unless the said John Dumont does his debts within one year from the date hereof, all his Estate, real and personal, so seized, will be sold for the payment and satisfaction of his Creditors. Given at New-York, this nine- teenth day of April, 1787. 54
NOTICE is hereby given, according to the form of an Act of the Legislature of the late Colony of New-York, entitled, "An Act for the more ef- fectual Registry of Mortgages, and for securing the Purchasers of Mortgaged Estates," passed the nine- teenth day of March, in the year of our Lord, one thousand seven hundred and seventy four—that on the sixth day of March next ensuing the date hereof, at twelve o'clock in the forenoon of the same day, will be SOLD at PUBLIC AUCTION, upon the Premises—
The Fee-Simple of all that certain Messuage or Dwelling-House, and Lot of Ground, situate and being in the North Ward of the City of New-York, on the northerly side of a certain Street called and known by the name of Little Queen-Street, bounded southerly in front on said Street; easterly, on the house and ground now or late of Thomas Marlon; northerly, in the rear on the ground now or late of John Livingston, and others; and westerly, on the New Dutch Church Yard. The said Dwelling- House, and Lot of Ground, containing in breadth in front and rear, twenty-three feet and an half, and in length on each side ninety-six feet; together with the Houses, Edifices, and Buildings thereon erected and being, and all Gardens, Yards, Wells, Backsides- Ways, Paths, Passages, Easements, Profits, Com- modities, Advantages, Emoluments, Hereditaments and Appurtenances to the said Dwelling-House and Lot of Ground, belonging or in any wise appertain- ing; which Sale will be made in virtue of a Mor- gage of the said premises, by indentures of lease and release, bearing date the twenty-first and twenty- second days of October, in the year of our Lord, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-five, (with a power to sell therein contained) from William Bry- ant, of the City of New York, Doctor of Physic, to Alexander Leslie, late of the City of New-York aforesaid, Peruke-Maker, assigned to the Subscribers, who will thereupon execute deeds of conveyance to the Purchaser, pursuant to the power in the said Mortgage and the Act aforesaid.
WILLIAM DAVIS, JAMES STRACHAN, JAMES MACKENZIE.
By their Attorney, 91 5m. CHARLES SMITH.
At a Court of Chancery held at the City-Hall of the City of New-York, the Twenty-Seventh Day of March, in the Year of our Lord, One Thousand Seven Hundred and Eighty-Seven.
PRESENT,
The Honourable ROBERT R. LIVINGSTON, Esquire, Chancellor.
Joseph Nathan, Complainant, } v. s. } IN CHANCERY. Israel Phillips, Defendant, }
FORASMUCH as it appears to this Court, that a Bill hath been filed therein, by Joseph Nathan, Mortgagee, against Israel Phillips, Mortgagor, to obtain a Decree for the sale of certain Premises therein mentioned to have been Mortgaged by the said Defendant, Israel Phillips, to the Complainant, the said Joseph Nathan, whereupon process of Subpoena to appear and answer hath been duly issued and returned. And that the said Israel Phillips has not caused his ap- pearance to be entered in this suit, as according to the rules of this Court the same ought to have been entered, in case the said process had been duly served; and an affidavit having been made to the satisfaction of this Court, that the said Defendant, Israel Phillips, has withdrawn him- self out of this State, and that he could not, upon diligent enquiry made by the Deponent, be found within the same, so as to be served with the said process, which issued on the filing of the Bill of Complaint.
It is therefore Ordered, on motion of Mr. Law- rence, on behalf of Mr. Popham, of Counsel for the Complainant, that the said Defendant, Israel Phillips, appear to the said Bill, on or before the twenty-seventh day of June next ensuing, and in default thereof, that the Complainant's said Bill be taken pro confesso, to the end that a Decree may be made for a sale of the said Premises in the Bill aforesaid mentioned, or such part thereof as to this Court shall appear just and right.
And it is further Ordered, That a Copy of this Order be inserted in (at least) two of the public New-papers printed in the State of New- York, for the space of eight weeks successively.
Extract from the Minutes,
W. COCK, Register.
At a Court of Chancery held at the Chancellor's Chambers, in the City of New-York, the Fifteenth Day of August, in the Year of our Lord, One Thousand Seven Hundred and Eighty-Seven.
PRESENT,
The Honourable ROBERT R. LIVINGSTON, Esquire, Chancellor.
Joseph Nathan, Complainant, } v. s. } IT appearing Israel Phillips, Defendant, } to this Court,
that the Order in this Cause, made on the Twenty-Seventh day of March last past, had been irregularly published. Ordered, on motion of Mr. Troup, on behalf of Mr. Popham, that the said Order be republished in two of the public New-papers of this State, for eight weeks successively, according to the said Order herein first above mentioned; and that the said Defendant appear to the said Bill on or be- fore the Fiftieth day of October next.
Extract from the Minutes,
W. COCK, Register.
JOHN DALTON, SURGEON and PRACTITIONER OF PHYSIC.
HAS removed from No. 67 to No. 65, Cherry-Street, and informs his Friends in particular, and the Public in general, that by long experience he has found out a meth- od to eradicate a certain Complaint, without one grain of that pernicious Medicine unskillfully administered, called Mercury, and in so short a time as will surprise any who favours him with their commands. The greatest secrecy may be depended on.
Respecting Burns' Poems.
THE Fame of this Author is spreading ra- pidly, and the Merit of his Works is acknowledged by all who have had an oppor- tunity of seeing them. The Demand for these Poems was so great, that the whole of the first Edition (only published last May) were sold in a few Weeks, and the second Edition is already printed in London, Price Six Shillings, sterling, in boards.
The following Criticism is extracted from the Lounger, a recent and much esteemed periodical Publication:—
"I know not if I shall be accused of Partiality, when I introduce to Notice a Poet of our own Country, with whose Writings I have lately become acquainted; but if I am not greatly deceived, I think I may safely pronounce him a Genius of no ordinary Rank. The Person to whom I allude is ROBERT BURNS, an Ayrshire Ploughman, whose Poems were some time ago published in a country Town in the West of Scotland, with no other Ambition, it would seem, than to circulate among the Inhabitants of the Country where he was born, to obtain a little Fame from those who had heard of his Talents. I hope I shall not be thought to assume too much, if I endeavour to place him in a higher point of View, to call for a Verdict of his Country on the Merit of his Works, and to claim for him those Honours which their Excellence appears to de- serve.
"His Poem entitled 'The Vision,' discovers a high tone of Feeling, a power and energy of Ex- pression, particularly and strongly characteristic of the Mind and Voice of a Poet. Of Strains like the above Poem, solemn and sublime, with that Rapture and inspired Melancholy in which the Poet lifts his Eye 'above this visible diurnal Sphere,' the Poems entitled 'Despondency,' 'the Lament,' 'Winter, a Dirge,' and the 'Invocation to Ruin,' afford no less striking Examples. Of the Tender and the Moral, Specimens equally advantageous might be drawn from the elegiac Verses, entitled, 'Man was made to mourn,' from 'The Cottar's Saturday Night,' the Stanzas 'To a Mayes,' or those 'To a Mountain Daisy.' — The Power of Genius is not less admirable in tracing the Manners, than in painting the Pas- sions, or in drawing the Scenery of Nature. Whoever will read his lighter and more humorous Poems, his 'Dialogue of the Dogs,' his 'Dedica- tion to G—— H—— Esq.,' his 'Epistle to a young Friend,' and 'To W. S——,' will perceive with what uncommon Penetration and Sagacity this Heaven-taught Ploughman, from his humble and unlettered Station, has looked upon Men and Manners.
"Burns possesses the Spirit as well as the Fancy of a Poet. That honest Pride and In- dependence of Soul, which are sometimes the Muse's only Dower, break forth on every Occa- sion in his Works."
PROPOSALS, For publishing by Subscription, POEMS, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect. By ROBERT BURNS, The celebrated Ayrshire Ploughman.
CONDITIONS.
This Work will be printed on a new Type and good Paper, in one handsome Volume Octavo. Price to Subscribers One Dollar, Non-subscribers Ten Shillings.
Those who subscribe for twelve Copies, will have a thirteenth gratis.
A Glossary will be printed at the end of the Work.
As soon as Three Hundred Subscribers appear, it will be put to Press, and finished with all pos- sible expedition.
No Money will be required till the delivery of the Volume.
Subscriptions are taken in by J. M'LEAN, No. 41, Hanover-Square,—by all the Book- sellers in the City, and all others entrusted with Proposals.
Those who wish to encourage the above Work, will please give in their Names previous to the first of October next, as it is then meant to be put to Press.
New-York, August 6, 1787.
By order of the Honourable Richard Morris, Esquire, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature of the State of New-York.
NOTICE is hereby given to Moses Franks, and to all others whom it may concern, that on application and due proof made to the said Chief Justice, pursuant to an Act of the Le- gislature of the State of New-York, entitled, "An Act for relief against absconding and absent Debtors," passed the fourth day of April, 1786, he hath issued his warrants to the Sheriff of the City and County of New-York, and the Sheriff of the County of Suffolk, commanding them to attach, take, seize, and safely keep all the Estate, as well real as personal of the said Moses Franks, an absent debtor, of what kind or nature soever, and every or any part or parcel thereof, in what- ever part of their bailiwick the same can be found, with all evidences, books of accounts, vouchers, and papers relating thereto. And that unless he the said Moses Franks shall appear by himself, or Attorney, and discharge his debts within twelve months after the publication of this notice, all his Estate, real and personal, will be sold for the payment and satisfaction of his Cre- ditors. Dated at the City of New-York, this twenty-sixth day of February, in the year of our Lord, one thousand seven hundred and eighty- seven. 39 w.t.f.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE INDEPENDENT JOURNAL,
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1787.
Copy of the Result of the Deliberations of the FEDERAL CONVENTION.
In Convention, September 17, 1787.
SIR,
WE have now the honor to submit to the consideration of the United States in Congress assembled, that Constitution which has appeared to us the most advisable.
The friends of our country have long seen and desired, that the power of making war, peace and treaties, that of levying money and regulating commerce, and the correspondent executive and judicial authorities should be fully and effectually vested in the general government of the Union: but the impropriety of delegating such extensive trust to one body of men is evident—Hence results the necessity of a different organization.
It is obviously impracticable in the federal government of these States, to secure all rights of independent sovereignty to each, and yet provide for the interest and safety of all—Individuals entering into society, must give up a share of liberty to preserve the rest. The magnitude of the sacrifice must depend as well on situation and circumstance, as on the object to be obtained. It is at all times difficult to draw with precision the line between those rights which must be surrendered, and those which may be reserved; and on the present occasion this difficulty was encreased by a difference among the several States as to their situation, extent, habits, and particular interests.
In all our deliberations on this subject we kept steadily in our view, that which appears to us the greatest interest of every true American, the consolidation of our Union, in which is involved our prosperity, felicity, safety, perhaps our national existence. This important consideration, seriously and deeply impressed on our minds, led each State in the Convention to be less rigid on points of inferior magnitude, than might have been otherwise expected; and thus the Constitution, which we now present, is the result of a spirit of amity, and of that mutual deference and concession which the peculiarity of our political situation rendered indispensable.
That it will meet the full and entire approbation of every State is not perhaps to be expected; but each will doubtless consider, that had her interests been alone consulted, the consequences might have been particularly disagreeable or injurious to others; that it is liable to as few exceptions as could reasonably have been expected, we hope and believe; that it may promote the lasting welfare of that country so dear to us all, and secure her freedom and happiness, is our most ardent wish.
With great respect,
We have the honor to be
SIR,
Your Excellency's most
Obedient and humble servants,
George Washington, President.
By unanimous Order of the Convention, HIS EXCELLENCY
The President of Congress.
WE the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common Defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this CONSTITUTION for the United States of America.
ARTICLE I.
SECT. 1. ALL legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
SECT. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states, and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislature.
No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen.
Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years; and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each state shall have at least one representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the state of New-Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New-Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North-Carolina five, South-Carolina five, and Georgia three.
When vacancies happen in the representation from any state, the Executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.
The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other officers; and shall have the sole power of impeachment.
SECT. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years; and each senator shall have one vote.
Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided aequally as may be into three classes. The seats of the senators first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation, or otherwise, during the recess of the legislature of any state, the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies.
No person shall be a senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state for which he shall be chosen.
The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided.
The Senate shall chuse their other officers, and also a President pro tempore , in the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States.
The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present.
Judgement in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit under the United States; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment, according to law.
SECT. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives, shall be prescribed in each state by the legislature thereof: but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of chusing Senators.
The

The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.
Sec. 5. Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorised to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties as each house may provide.
Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behaviour, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member.
Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal.
Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting.
Sec. 6. The senators and representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either house, they shall not be questioned in any other place.
No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office.
Sec. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the house of representatives; but the senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills.
Every bill which shall have passed the house of representatives and the senate, shall, before it become a law, be presented to the president of the United States; if he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his objections to that house in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such reconsideration two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their adjournment prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law.
Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill.
Sec. 8. The Congress shall have power
To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defence and general welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States:
To borrow money on the credit of the United States:
To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes:
To establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and
uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States:
To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures:
To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States:
To establish post-offices and post-roads:
To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries:
To constitute tribunals inferior to the supreme court:
To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations:
To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water:
To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years:
To provide and maintain a navy:
To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces:
To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions:
To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress:
To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock-yards, and other needful buildings:—And
To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.
Sec. 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person.
The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.
No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed.
No capitation, or other direct, tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken.
No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any state. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one state over those of another; nor shall vessels bound to, or from, one state, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another.
No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time.
No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince or foreign state.
Sec. 10. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.
No state shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what

what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws; and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any state on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and controul of the Congress. No state shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace; enter into any agreement or compact with another state, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay.
A R T I C L E II.
Sec. 1. The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with the Vice-President, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows:—
Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors, equal to the whole number of senators and representatives to which the state may be entitled in the Congress: but no senator or representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector.
The electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The president of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately chuse by ballot one of them for President; and if no person have a majority, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in like manner chuse the President. But in chusing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of votes of the electors shall be the Vice-President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall chuse from them by ballot the Vice-President.
The Congress may determine the time of chusing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes; which day shall be the same throughout the United States.
No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained to the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States.
In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.
The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services, a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States, or any of them.
Before he enter on the execution of his office, he shall take the following oath or affirmation:—
“I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve,
“protect and defend the constitution of the United States.”
Sec. 2. The President shall be commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states, when called into the actual service of the United States; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States, except in cases of impeachment.
He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the supreme court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law. But the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers, as they think proper in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments.
The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next Session.
Sec. 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of the union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagreement between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper; he shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United States.
Sec. 4. The president, vice-president and all civil officers of the United States shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.
A R T I C L E III.
Sec. 1. The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.
Sec. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more states, between a state and citizens of another state, between citizens of different states, between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of different states, and between a state, or the citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens or subjects.
In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be party, the supreme court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the supreme court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.
The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any state, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed.
Sec. 3. Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.
The

The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted.
A R T I C L E IV.
Sec. 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other state. And the Congress may by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.
Sec. 2. The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states.
A person charged in any state with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found in another state, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the state having jurisdiction of the crime.
No person held to service or labour in one state, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labour, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labour may be due.
Sec. 3. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this union; but no new state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the legislatures of the states concerned as well as of the Congress.
The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular state.
Sec. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every state in this union a Republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the legislature, or of the executive (when the legislature cannot be convened) against domestic violence.
A R T I C L E V.
The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this constitution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several states, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress: Provided, that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate.
A R T I C L E VI.
All debts contracted and engagements entered into, before the adoption of this constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this constitution, as under the confederation.
This constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, any thing in the constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding.
The senators and representatives before mentioned, and the members of the several state legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound by oath or affirmation, to support this constitution; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States.
A R T I C L E VII.
The ratification of the conventions of nine states, shall be sufficient for the establishment of this constitution between the states so ratifying the same.
DONE in Convention, by the unanimous consent of the States present, the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the Independence of the United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our Names.
George Washington, President, And Deputy from VIRGINIA.
 NEW-HAMPSHIRE. { John Langdon, Nicholas Gilman,  MASSACHUSETTS. { Nathaniel Gorham, Rufus King,  CONNECTICUT. { William Samuel Johnson, Roger Sherman.  NEW-YORK. { Alexander Hamilton, William Livingston,  NEW-JERSEY. { David Brearly, William Paterson, Jonathan Dayton, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Mifflin, Robert Morris,  PENNSYLVANIA. { George Clymer, Thomas Fitzsimons, Jared Ingersoll, James Wilson, Gouverneur Morris.  DELAWARE. { George Read, Gunning Bedford, Junior, John Dickinson, Richard Bassett, Jacob Broom.  MARYLAND. { James M c Henry, Daniel of St. Tho. Jenifer, Daniel Carroll.  VIRGINIA. { John Blair, James Madison, Junior.  NORTH-CAROLINA. { William Blount, Richard Dobbs Spaight, Hugh Williamson.  SOUTH-CAROLINA. { John Rutledge, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Charles Pinckney, Pierce Butler.  GEORGIA. { William Few, Abraham Baldwin. 
Attest. WILLIAM JACKSON, Secretary. IN CONVENTION, MONDAY, September 17, 1787. P R E S E N T.
The States of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Mr. Hamilton from New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina and Georgia:
RESOLVED,
THAT the preceding Constitution be laid before the United States in Congress assembled, and that it is the opinion of this Convention, that it should afterwards be submitted to a Convention of Delegates, chosen in each state by the people thereof, under the recommendation of its legislature, for their assent and ratification; and that each Convention assenting to, and ratifying the same, should give notice thereof to the United States in Congress assembled.
Resolved, That it is the opinion of this Convention, that as soon as the Conventions of nine states shall have ratified this constitution, the United States in Congress assembled should fix a day on which electors should be appointed by the states which shall have ratified the same, and a day on which the electors should assemble to vote for the President, and the time and place for commencing proceedings under this constitution. That after such publication the electors should be appointed, and the senators and representatives elected: That the electors should meet on the day fixed for the election of the president, and should transmit their votes certified, signed, sealed and directed, as the constitution requires, to the secretary of the United States in Congress assembled, that the senators and representatives should convene at the time and place assigned; that the senators should appoint a president of the senate, for the sole purpose of receiving, opening and counting the votes for president; and, that after he shall be chosen, the Congress, together with the president, should, without delay, proceed to execute this constitution.
By the unanimous Order of the Convention, George Washington, President. William Jackson, Secretary.