Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1791-04-27 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 104, of Vol. II.]
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 27, 1791.
[Whole No. 208.]
Discourses on Davila.—No. 32.
B UT amidst all these scenes of anarchy, carnage and desolation, and amidst so many pretensions to reformation, were there no projects to change the form of government?—Yes, there were; and some persons appeared as zealous to destroy the monarchy and nobility at that time, as any of the national assembly, any of the men of letters, or public creditors of the present day in France. One of these has left an essay so very curious that it is worth preserving: It contains all that can be said or thought, as far as I know, against monarchy and nobility, and shows that the doctrines which now prevail in France are no new discoveries or inventions: They are nearly two hundred and fifty years old. Neither Turgot, Rochefoucault, or Condorcet, have the merit of these inventions. Stephen Boetius, as we learn from his friend Montaigne, died in 1563. His vehement Philippic against monarchy and aristocracy, must have been written therefore more than 230 years ago—it must have been written an hundred years before Marchmont Nedham's Right Constitution of a Commonwealth. Instead of taking praise to themselves, the men of letters in France, if their present systems succeed and prosper, ought to erect statues and strike medals to Boetius and Nedham, whose political disciples they certainly are.
If by divine power a man should be miraculously formed of mature reason and full information of every thing, but men, nations and governments: and you should ask him, what he thought of twenty-five millions of men, composing the whole of a great nation, surrendering the whole sovereign legislative and executive power over themselves to one individual, and ordaining that all that power should descend to his male posterity forever; he would probably think it the most irrational, and ridiculous idea imaginable. If you were to tell him that almost all the nations of the earth had done it, he must be astonished and very inquisitive to be informed of the causes, physical, moral or political, which could have prevailed upon reasonable creatures to consent to such an institution. Is there any other answer that could be given to him than this? Mankind found by experience, government necessary to the preservation of their lives, liberties and properties, from the injustice of one another. That they had tried all possible experiments of elections of Governors and Senates: But that they had found so much diversity of opinion and sentiment among them. So much emulation in every heart, so many rivalries among the principal men, such divisions, confusions and miseries, that they had almost unanimously been convinced that hereditary succession was attended with fewer evils than frequent elections. This is the true answer, and the only one, as I believe.
It is to be regretted that Boetius, who discovered so much ingenuity in reasoning against the one, and the few, had not told the many, how they should govern themselves. He is for pulling down, but shows not how to build up. That he who abates a writ should give a better, is as reasonable a rule in legislation as in law. If Boetius, or the National Assembly had proposed a sovereignty in three branches forming a mutual balance, which would have prevented the one, the few and many from running into the fins that most easily beset them; they would have been justly applauded: but to throw the whole power into the hands of a majority of that multitude against which Boetius raves with more intemperance, if possible, than he does against Kings, is an experiment which must be fully tried and found beneficial before it can be approved. But as the reader will be more entertained and instructed by the discourse of Boetius, than with the discourse on Davila, he shall be no longer detained from it.
LONDON, March 3.
Extract of a letter from Paris, January 7.
[Translated from the Leyden Gazette.]
T HE oath to be taken by the Ecclesiastics, is the cause of much disturbance, and it is, as yet, difficult to determine, what turn this affair may take, or what may be the final consequences. To form a just idea of what may be the effects, one must go back to the original cause of this procedure. When the clergy were first deprived
of their property, that is to say before their civil government was determined on, several Bishops began to thunder forth their Anathemas against the proceedings of the National Assembly, under cover of certain writings called Mandates, or Pastoral letters. The refusal of the National Assembly to establish the Roman Catholic religion, furnished them with an occasion for writing and circulating their inflammatory productions, the whole view and design of which was to alarm weak understandings, and by universally spreading discontent throughout the Nation, to oblige the Assembly to desist from their determination of granting freedom of conscience. In the large cities, and even in the Provinces, where the people were not wholly unenlightened, the poison of those HOLY MEN could do no harm; but in the cantons where ignorance and superstition still maintain their influence over the minds of men (places, fortunately, at this day no more than insignificant spots in the vast extent of France) there it was that disquiet took possession of every bosom, and the interested cause of these gowned hypocrites was made the cause of the God of peace and purity!—If the disturbances at Nimes and Montauban had not been extinguished at their first appearance, again should we have witnessed those horrid scenes which disgraced France in the sixteenth century; but thanks be to God, the vigilance and zeal of some neighboring towns, more enlightened by the benevolent philosophy of the present age, and principally Bourdeaux, had the ability to prevent those cruel excesses. No sooner where these tumults allayed than the Civil Constitution of the Clergy afforded another pretext for insurrection. The National Assembly having divided the Kingdom into departments, to destroy, root and branch, those former divisions called Provinces, had thought proper also to direct a new division of Dioceses. They had remarked that the Bishops had always exercised over the Clergy of the second order a degree of authority little short of despotism, and which appertained neither to the spirit of religion nor the Constitution; In consequence of which they decreed that the Bishops should establish permanent and regular courts, but should pass no acts of authority till the second order had been admitted into a share of their deliberations. It was to no purpose that the Bishops strenuously opposed those innovations (as they termed them) and complained of an invasion of the spiritual jurisdiction and that the Assembly encroached upon the authority of the Church. They were deaf to their complaints and remonstrances; and referred them for an answer to the authority of Charlemagne and the ancient discipline—Upon this the Episcopal Mandates and Pastoral letters suddenly made their appearance again, stuffed with complaints more violent, and reflections more bitter than ever; but the discontented Clergy perceiving their letters disregarded and not answering the purpose intended, fell upon other means of blowing up the flames of discord. They flattered themselves that a Protestation, worded equivocally, and with a plain title, and signed by some of the more strict Clergy would have both a surer and readier effect. And hence originated the famous DECLARATION, which at first was only signed by those refractory Bishops, who were deputed to the National Assembly. This piece proposed a coalition, and by that means gained some attention; but altho' it was published throughout the Kingdom to a degree of satiety, it made few converts, and only received in general terms the approbation of those whose opinions were already fixed on the side of the Bishops—So much clamour, secret machination, self-interested opposition, and the apprehension of still greater evils, have at length determined the Assembly to take effectual measures to humble the High Clergy. For this purpose they have decreed, that all Ecclesiastics and public officers of the Church should be compelled to take an oath "to support not only the general government of the Kingdom, but also their own particular constitution on penalty of being deprived of their places and livings." This seems to be the last remedy in a desperate case, the only probable means of accelerating and consolidating the re-establishment of order in the Kingdom.—However (to speak the truth) there is no EXTREME REMEDY without danger; and it is possible that some recent proceedings in the Assembly may be followed by a violent concussion. All the Bishops (excepting only the Bishop of Autun) have persisted in refusing the oath—The As-
sembly refuses to give them any longer time: and thus all the High Clergy, and not a few of the second order also, are upon the point of seeing themselves deprived of all their places and of all their revenues."
[From Vol. 3, of "Memoirs of the Manchester Literary Society," just published.]
I REMEMBER it was some years since, mentioned in this Society, that a method had been recommended, but where or by whom I do not recollect, of preventing the necessity of using spectacles in advanced age. It consisted in the practice of reading a very small print by the light of a small candle. By this means the humours of the eye being protruded, the crystalline lens was supposed to be hindered from losing its convex form, and assuming that flatness which it acquires in old persons.
I lately met with a gentleman, who, contrary to what generally happens to men as they advance in life, was, at the age of fifty, become short-sighted; whereas, when younger, his eyes had not that fault; and who, instead of being obliged to use convex glasses, had found it necessary to employ concave ones, and to procure them still more the older he grew. This change in his sight, he informed me, he first observed after having for some time accustomed himself to read a book printed in a small character, and that frequently in the close of the evening, when the light was not favorable for the purpose.
As this is an uncommon fact, and may serve to confirm the propriety of the doctrine I have alluded to, I thought it might be proper to communicate it to the Society.
The sermon preached by the Bishop of Llandaff, before the Humane Society, at St. Martin's in the Fields, on Sunday last, was one of the finest and most impressive examples of Pulpit Oratory we have ever heard. His Lordship's discourse was a most happy composition of theological learning, philosophical disquisition, Christian instruction, and philanthropic exhortation, aided by the powerful influence of the most graceful delivery.
The Queen has just established a Botanic Garden, with forcing houses at Frogmore, where her Majesty and the Princesses frequently pay visits.
HOUSE OF COMMONS,
Monday, February 8.
AMERICAN LOYALISTS.
Sir Henry Clinton presented a petition from the American Loyalists, praying for farther relief.
Mr. Pitt said he had no objection that this petition should be granted; but he was much afraid it would not avail them. The time for receiving such petitions had already been three times enlarged. He did not know after all, but that there might be cases which would deserve the attention of the house.
Sir Henry Clinton said a few words upon this petition; after which it was received, and ordered to lie on the table.
UNCLAIMED DIVIDEND BILL.
The bill for appropriating to the public service 500,000/. of the unclaimed dividends was read a first time, and was ordered to be printed.
Wednesday, March 2.
AMERICAN INTERCOURSE BILL.
Mr. Pitt brought in a bill for continuing the laws regulating the trade between his Majesty's subjects of this country, and the inhabitants of the United States of America.
This bill was read a first, and was ordered to be read a second time to-morrow.
Almost all the clergy in Brittany, (France,) whose influence on the people is very great, are resolved not to conform to the decrees of the National Assembly, respecting the civic oath, and the civil constitution of the church.
Between the people and the National guards, who vainly attempt to conquer this refractory spirit, desperate battles have already been fought attended with bloodshed.
In Alsace, the Cardinal de Rohan, the clergy, and vast numbers of the people are entirely of the same disposition as the Bretons, and resolved not to submit to the decrees of the National Assembly.
From the Leyden Gazette, of February 1.
Mr. LUZAC, the Editor, after giving extracts from the British papers on the subject of the
WAR IN INDIA,
such as have been published, adds, With these accounts, taken from English papers, it may be

well to compare the following extract of a letter, dated Pondichery , July the 27th. The letter was received by La Nymphe , a French frigate of war, that left the Isle of France the 24th of last Sept. and arrived at L'Orient the 12th January.
"The army of General Meadows having begun its march the 10th or 12th of this month, as it to proceed to Coimboutour , for the purpose of attacking that of Tippo Sultan , commanded by the Prince himself, the Madras Gazette of the 9th of July, informed us, that on the 14th, a considerable firing was heard at a few leagues distant Carour , and that there was no doubt but that there must have been a brisk engagement between the vanguards of the two armies. It was not before the 27th that we were fully informed of the particulars of this attack. Occular witnesses report them to be as follow: The southern English army having attempted to take a road, which led to a defile, through which they intended to pass in order to cross the mountains, without being obliged to meet Tippo-Sultan at Coimboutour , and to pour in their forces into the extensive plains of Seringapatnam , the capital of Mifore —the Nabob met them with his select forces, chose his situation as an experienced general, and deceived the English by opposing them, to appearance, with a battery of 2 or 3 pieces of cannon only: But in one night augmented it to 15, and raised two more of equal force, as wings to support the first; but concealed them behind bushes. He also placed in ambuscade in the plain of Jouary , at the bottom of the defile, a considerable body of cavalry, and of Gaytoquiers . The British on the 14th July, advanced to force themselves a passage; but were surprised to find the resistance great, and were obliged to fall back. General Meadows then drew up his army in three columns, and again advanced up to the batteries, which he attempted to take by assault. The column which was directed to make up to the first battery, was obliged to pass by the plains of Jouary , to reach it: Two or three thousand hand-grenades here, cause much confusion in the column and the cavalry of Tippo at this instant came out from their ambuscade, fell upon the column, attacked it vigorously, and prevented its rallying. The two other columns were in the same manner driven back. Tippo-Sultan was posted behind these batteries, with 12,000 chosen men, infantry, and cavalry, and his army was drawn up in order of battle, at about a league from the place of action. His son and Sayb-Saheb commanded the centre battery; the other two were commanded by Lally , and another general of reputation. The action, tho' brisk, lasted 3 or 4 hours. General Meadows was obliged to fall back three leagues, to encamp in a safe place: He has lost in this attack his bravest troops. Provisions are scarce in his army, and the price of them enormous. The light cavalry of Tippo intercepts every thing that attempts to pass between Trichenapala and Carour . It is added, that Madras , which the news of this action reached on the 22d, is in great consternation; and that the loan of 5 lacs of pagodas , which the English company is in great want of, it is possible, may not succeed. This loan was opened at Madras , upon an interest of 10 per cent. the principal to be redeemed in two years: Under the express condition, that if the company is unable to pay at the expiration of that time, measures will be taken, such as will best suit the convenience and advantage of the creditors."
It is well known that the National Assembly had very sanguine expectations of relief to the Finances from the patriotic gift and the voluntary contribution of the fourth of every citizen's income: Indeed, it was publicly asserted that the contribution of Paris alone would amount to 30,000,000 of livres, about 1,250,000. sterling. How were these expectations answered? It appears by the last account Mr. Neckar presented to the National Assembly, 31st July, 1790, that the receipts of the patriotic gift amounted to no more than 361,000 livres, and of the voluntary contribution 9,721,000 livres: so that the patriotism of all France, urged by all its orators, to subscribe in support of its new born liberty, produced about 420,000. English money, a sum considerably less than our annual malt tax:
"My tables—meet it is, I set down—
"Patriots with more to plunder than to pay:
"At least, I'm sure it may be so in France."
Last week, during several days, the thermometer of popular fermentation at Paris, was at the highest. Several causes singularly concurred to produce this effect, viz. the departure of Mesdames—the abolition of the Droits d'Entree , the high tax lately imposed on industry—the destruction of the gaming houses, the turning a drift thousands of sharps, and seizing their gambling tables and cash—the intrigues of various clubs, but particularly that of the Jacobins, whose tyranny is become intolerable.
M. de la Fayette expected every moment an explosion which would have laid the capital in ruins. To his vigilance, coolness, and intrepidity, the inhabitants of Paris are, a second time, indebted for their safety.
The flames of a religious war, once lighted, are
not easily stopped in their progress. Only six Bishops have yet taken the civic oath. Those who have not, have been superceded in their functions.
THE FRENCH NAVY,
  At present consists of   Ships of the line, 74   Ditto on the stocks, 10   Frigates, 62   Ditto on the stocks, 6   Ships of the line in commission, 21   Frigates ditto, 28   Corvettes, 8   Brigs, 11   Flutes, 5   Total number of seamen, 25,129 
CONSISTENCY OF MR. BURKE.
"The greater number of the Deputies sent to the Congress were lawyers—this study renders men acute, inquisitive, dextrous, prompt in attack, ready in defence, full of resources."—See Mr. Burke's speech on his conciliatory motion in 1775, page 31.
"Judge of my surprise, when I found that a great proportion of the Assembly was composed of Practitioners in the Law. From the moment I read the list, I saw distinctly, and very nearly as it happened, all that was to follow."—Reflections on the Revolution in France, p. 31.
How happens it, that a profession, which in the year 1775, qualified an American for legislation, should, in the year 1790, disqualify a Frenchman!
The partizans of Leopold have just published an appeal to the Belgic Nation at large, against the unjust proscription which the States of certain Provinces were desirous of pronouncing against the ancient servants of the Prince. In this piece, they invoke the justice of the nation, and demand that the most respectable citizens of each municipality declare their sentiments before the Magistrates, whether the services of these persecuted friends of government were or were not agreeable to them. This public appeal to the people is a pointed instance of how much the tone of the haughty House of Austria is changed with regard to its subjects.
A loom has been invented in Ireland to weave cotton and linen, by which two webs can be woven at the same time by one weaver, with more ease and expedition, and, (as it is reported) with more perfection, than one web can be woven in a common loom. A committee of the Irish House of Commons have made a report highly in its favour.
The corps commanded by General Suwarow, has been in winter quarters since the 12th of that month, and the Russian fleet in the Black Sea, under the command of Vice Admiral Uschakow, returned to the port of Sebastople, on the 26th of December.
Yesterday Mr. Attorney General came into Court at the old Bailey, and prayed the judgment of the Court upon a man who was convicted on Saturday last of a misdemeanor in printing and publishing certain obscene and scandalous prints and libels, and he was accordingly sentenced for the same, to pay a fine of 6s. 8d. be imprisoned twelve months in Newgate, and afterwards to find security for his good behaviour for three years.
The Pandora sloop, now in search of the pirate Christian, has, probably, by this time, secured this traitor to his King and country: the last accounts of him were, that he had entrenched himself in one of the Friendly islands mounted the Bounty's guns, consisting of eight four pounders, on two redoubts, and having plenty of powder and ball, appeared confident, that no force sent into those seas, would be able to dislodge him.
A correspondent who happened to be in Westminster Hall when the high tide broke in on our astonished Lawyers—describes the court of King's Bench in a characteristic manner:
The Judges looked alarmed when Mr. Bearcroft alledged, that judgment could not take place on lawyers by water, as they were to undergo a fiery ordeal.
Mr. Law said a Collect nearly through; not having wholly forgotten his father's instructions.
Mr. Erskine began a speech from Shakespeare but recollecting the necessity of something religious, he had recourse to the Scottish mode of extemporary prayer. It is wonderful, words should be wanting to a man who has so many of them on all occasions.
Mingay opened his mouth, and out burst an oath, "that the Devil must have his due."
The first boat that appeared for their relief was an old man; and a general cry of 'Charon' frightened the whole court, least they should be ferried over to the other world.
The "Reflections" of BURKE on the French Revolution, have drawn forth a swarm of powerful disputants. The names of Priestly, Towers, Rous, Sheridan, Price, Capel Lofft, Dr. Geddes, Major Scott, one German, and half the members of the National Assembly, are already mentioned. Mrs. MACAULAY GRAHAM and Mrs. BARBAULD, have also entered the lists against him, and drawn their grey goose quills in defence of the violated rights of men!
The two extremities of France, Brittany and Alsace, are in a most convulsed state, and both for the same reason—in the former province, well known for the bravery of its inhabitants and their little knowledge of the French dialect, the people consider religion as injured, as annihilated by the laws enacted on the civil constitution of the clergy; they think that their children will not be baptised, and that the patient, struggling against the assault of death, will be deprived of the spiritual comfort he would at a former period, have solicited and obtained from the Minister of the Altar. "We will, say they, keep our good Bishop among us, and he shall continue in his palace at Vannes; we will have our Rectors and our Chapter, our Clergy shall be honorably used; we will pay them their tithes; we regret the suppression of the monasteries, and we deem worthy of public indignation all such as buy what is misnamed national property." Thus was the matter laid before the Assembly on the 14th, and it gave rise to the following decree: "The King is prayed immediately to send into that province troops, to quell the disturbances that distract it, and commissioners to calm the people's fury;" and the Assembly enacts, "that the Bishops of Morbihan, of Leon, and of Vannes, do attend the House." It is imagined here, by both parties, that the Bishops will not be allowed to come up to Paris, and that the soldiers will meet with a warm reception from the hot-headed Bretons.
In Alsace, the people consider the religion of their fathers as destroyed, and seem inclined to risk their all to oppose those whom they consider as the tyrants of their conscience. On the 9th the Archives of the Cathedral were taken away, and the solemn installation of the Chapter of Strasburgh took place the day following, in the presence of the Cardinal de Rohan, at a town called Offembourg, four leagues from Strasburg, but in the Imperial territory: His Eminence of Rohan gave a splendid repast on the occasion.
In the sitting of Monday evening, the Assembly annulled one of the most bare-faced contracts that soothing intrigue ever extorted from the weakness of a dissolute Court, and against which the public voice cried out aloud, though the Bastille reared its gloomy head, and the police spies were on the watch to seize every sound—the alienation of the domain of Fenetanges in favor of the celebrated M. and Madame de Polignac, on payment of one million and two hundred thousand livres, which sum was never paid into the public treasury. The domain, with all its appurtenances, reverts to the nation, and will be sold accordingly; and at the same time an indemnification granted to M. de Polignac of 800,000 livres, was decreed void—the proper law officer was enjoined to sue M. de Polignac, and the instrument of the depredation, M. de Calonne for the principal and interest of that sum. During the debate M. C. Lameth imagining himself aimed at by an insinuation of M. de Castine, said, "my name is in the red book, my mother received sixty thousand livres; I think my mother, the wife of a soldier, a soldier's daughter, and the sister of soldiers who merited well of their country, and suffered much during the administration of Abbe Terray, deserved the indemnification; but as the spirit of party upbraids me for it, I here declare myself ready to refund that sum, though as a soldier, my fortune is but small."
MILAN, January 26.
M. d'Artois, after having received a positive answer from the Emperor—That he could not permit him to come to Vienna, but that he might choose for his residence any other town in his dominions—set out for Venice; in his way thither he was escorted by the imperial guard as far as Bergamo, where the Republic's soldiers took that task upon them, and saw him safe to the capital. There he intends to spend the Carnival, and visit in the Spring the Southern parts of Italy. The Emperor is likewise expected at that time at Florence, and his intention is, after having visited his Italian dominions, to pass through those of the Netherlands before he returns to his Imperial residence."
PITTSBURGH, March 26.
Extract of a letter from Ensign Jacob Melcher, of the 1st United States Regiment, to the Printer, dated Mouth of Wabash.
"I have been informed by a boat going down the river, that a malicious and false report has been spread of my conduct on the morning of the 23d ult. when attacked by a large party of Indians, in the river Wabash, and in company with Mr. Vigo's boat. I will now reverse the matter, and do assure you, that instead of my behaving contrary to what a military man ought to do, that we fought as hard as it was possible for about 12 or 15 minutes. Before I cleared the point of the Island, which was very narrow and shallow, my boat was on shore, and I was obliged to pole her off under a heavy fire, the distance not more than twenty yards. Mr. Vigo's boat was then about 30 yards above me, and as soon as the firing began, they to a man laid down in their boat, and did not fire but two or three shot, on which I ordered two of my men, from those that were fighting, to man the oars, and keep the boat from striking the ground; in this manner I fought and rowed until I got from out the island, when I saw their boat floating down towards the point of the island, and about thirty or forty Indians go on board her, on which I ordered my men to take to their oars, and made the best of my way down the river, and at dusk I arrived at the mouth, having had one man killed and two wounded."

I remained one day opposite the Wabash, and then proceeded to the first settlement on the Mississippi, where I got provisions to carry me to the American settlement at Kaskaskias. I must here tell you, that my small party behaved as well as ever soldiers did, and the men in Mr. Vigo's boat behaved as cowardly. This I assert, and am able to prove to the satisfaction of myself, party and the world, and I give it as my firm opinion, that some of them must have known of the Indians intending to attack me, or they would not have suffered themselves to be taken. The savages did not touch one of them, but let them go.
I shall thank you to insert this in your newspaper, and as soon as I get to Post Vincennes, shall demand a court of enquiry, and have the matter fully investigated, and shall transmit you the opinion of the court, for publication.
HARTFORD, April 18.
A Correspondent observes, by a paragraph from an European paper, that the National Assembly of France, in forming a judicatory system for that kingdom, contemplate the establishment of juries, but are at a loss to know what the English mean by calling a trial by jury a trial by a man's peers; and it has been much debated whether any property, and how much should be made a requisite to constitute a legal juror. There is no doubt but any man would be puzzled to find how jury trial in England is a trial by every man's equals; as civil suits of all kinds, whether between two noblemen or two tenants are tried by a common jury.
It is suspected that the English idea of the origin of juries is wrong, and it has remained for one of our own countrymen to detect the mistake. Mr. WEBSTER, in his Essays and Fugitive writings, has made it probable that the word peer did not come from a word, denoting equality, but had a very different origin. If his derivation is the true one, it throws new light on the institution of juries, as well as on other parts of the English constitution.
BOSTON, April 9.
Mr. DOBSON, at Philadelphia, continues with spirit his fine addition of the Encyclopaedia .
Mr. THOMAS, at Worcester, has made considerable progress in the Folio and Quarto Editions of the Bible —Judges have pronounced both the letter-press and copperplates already finished, to be elegant and correct.
Mr. FRENEAU—the Pindar of America —is about establishing a newspaper, in New-Jersey . He has also prepared for the press, a third volume of his Miscellanies .
Messrs. HODGE, ALLEN, and CAMPBELL, are pursuing with spirit, a neat edition of Brown's self-interpreting folio Family-Bible , ornamented with copperplates, elegantly engraved by an American artist.
SAVANNAH, April 7.
The subscriber, impressed with the most lively sense of the support he met at the late Election of Federal Representatives, requests those Electors who honored him with their suffrages on the occasion to accept this public testimony of his gratitude.
He has the assurance to hope that he has surrendered the trust reposed in him to those who gave it inviolate, and he retires from public life with the pleasing satisfaction of having done his duty.
JAMES JACKSON.
Savannah, April 1, 1791.
TO THE PRINTER.
TO evidence the positive and just attention which the best military officers in the British service have ever paid to the Indian Nations, I think the annexed original order of the late General Bouquet, to Ensign Pauley, commanding at Sandusky, worthy being preserved in your Gazette, for which purpose I transmit it to you if you think proper to insert it. It may serve as a contrast to the injustice of other nations.
A. B.
FORT-PITT, 3d April, 1762.
SIR, MR. Hutchins, who will deliver you this, is going to visit the western Indians, and you will please to give him all the assistance in your power, and if possible a batteau or canoe to pass to Detroit.
Mr. Philip Doyle, has my leave to plant corn at Sandusky, as near the Fort as possible, provided Mr. Hutchins can obtain the consent of the Indians, for I would have no difficulties about it.
If it can be done, it would be a great saving and convenience for the support of your garrison. He is to carry you some garden-seeds, and I would recommend to you to raise a good stock of greens, particularly turnips, carrots, and cabbage for the winter. I am, Sir,
Your obedient, humble servant, H. BOUQUET.
ENSIGN PAULEY.
FROM THE (Mass.) HAMPSHIRE CHRONICLE.
MR. PRINTER,
LAST Saturday night I went with several gentlemen, who viewed and measured the rock from which Lt. Joseph Shaw fell, and was remarkably preserved from a sudden death: And as I doubt not but you will give it a place in your paper for your readers—I beg leave to send you an account of it for publication.
On the morning of the 19th Feb. last, Mr. Shaw had taken a stand on the top of a very high mountain, for the purpose of way-laying a fox which he expected, as the hounds were then in the woods, and at no great distance. He had not waited long before the fox came in view on a cragg of the rock some distance below him; he fired, and the fox dropped from the rock on which he stood, and fell directly out of sight down the mountain. The snow was exceedingly hard and smooth, occasioned by a considerable rain which had fallen a few days before, and afterwards froze very hard. A considerable quantity of water had made its way from under the snow, a few feet from the verge of the precipice, and there frozen to a smooth, solid ice, which added to the hideousness of the place; a light snow which was then falling, made it impossible to distinguish between the encrusted snow and the ice: Thus circumstanced Mr. Shaw ventured to the extremity of the ledge to see what had become of his fox; when he had got within a few feet of the summit of the rock, he stepped upon the ice, and his feet slipping up, he fell instantaneously down the precipice.
A line drawn from the place where he flipped off the rock, to where he first struck, which was on another rock, measures fifty-two feet and an half; he then fell fifty-seven feet and an half further before he struck again, and from thence he slid twenty-five feet and seven inches to the verge of another ledge, or benching of the mountain, where he providentially stopped, by catching hold of a small pine bush not larger than a man's finger. When he stopped, he lay with his head so far over the rock that he could
look down the ledge, whereif he had fallen again, he must have descended seventy or eighty feet further, and probably have been dashed in pieces. As soon as he was able he called for help, and two young men who were hunting, and were at the foot of the mountain, tho' they exerted themselves to the utmost of their power for his assistance, could not by any means get within several hundred feet of him. After some time had elapsed, his brother, Mr. James Shaw, hearing him calling for help, tho' at a distance of near a mile, came to his assistance; after two hours incredible toil, he at length got within five and twenty or thirty feet of him, and found it impossible to proceed any nigher.
Mr. Shaw, finding no way to be assisted, found it necessary to extricate himself from his deplorable situation; he therefore, not without great danger, found means to get into his hand a dry small stick, the end of which he sharpened with his knife, and then by cutting holes into the snow and ice, drew himself on his belly to his brother.
One thing I had like to have forgotten to mention; when Mr. Shaw had lain in the situation I have described, near half an hour, and was endeavoring to shift himself into an easier posture, he found his fox dead, and lying under him, which he threw down to the men who were waiting for them at the foot of the ledge. Tho' the two brothers were now together, they found it very difficult to get off the mountain, which however they effected in about four hours; and notwithstanding Mr. Shaw had fallen so far, and was very much bruised, yet he walked home to his own house, and is now nearly recovered.
The above circumstances are well authenticated.
MONSON, March 28, 1791.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
ODE TO BIRTHA.
SOFT o'er my soul the voice of music breathes, Waking the sympathies which thrill delight. The Mental Spirit hails seraphic light; Heavenly Visions fill the fight. Glory hangs immortal wreaths; Joy the Harp divine unbreaths; Echo answering as it rings, Female Virtue strikes the strings.
Nearly allied the trembling Passions live: And all the Emotions of the human mind, In myriads bands united, fondly give Mingling responses, tremulously join'd. Now tranquil Pleasure softly moves along, Touching the cord to which mild Melancholy's voice, In answers low, awakes the sigh-exciting long, Making sweet Pity's tear-fu'd eyes rejoice, As now, in awful thot's sublime, She sees the immortal Spirit triumph over Time.
O Thou whose soul, responsive, wakes the lyre! Throw off, of gorgeous pride, the rich attire, And, with united labours, let us toil, To raise the mind to energy of thot's; To bid Morality attractive smile; And deep impress what Heaven itself hath taught.
O let us strive, with union'd hearts sincere; To form the patriot soul to deed severe; To draw the sympathetic tear; To bid of love the generous transports glow; The ennobling warmth of friendship flow; And kind compassion's hand In ecstasy expand, To sooth the Misfortune's woe.
O let us wake the Imaginative Powers Whose smiles give pleasure to the passing hours; Whose kind progression weans the heart From earth, and all its low concerns, And bids it, anxious, with that better part, That home, for which the immortal Spirit yearns; Which draws it, sweetly, from this sad abode, To Heaven, to Happiness, to GOD.
This be our praise—That Virtue, Truth, inspire; And Human Bliss, breathes o'er the echoing lyre.
E L L A.
FROM THE GENERAL ADVERTISER.
SONNET,
Written after hearing a SONG sung by several SISTERS.
HARK!—hear'st thou not the sweetly swelling strain Of warbled music float along the air? Soft are the sounds,—the Sifter band how fair! How high flies rapture when it springs from P*yn*. So round the lyre the heavenly Muses stand, And charm the changing soul with varied joy; So Ella's lays the feeling heart command, And faintly hide Apollo in the joy. Hail charming group! for you shall Fancy rise, To you young Love his earliest homage pay; And while our souls on softened slavery stray, Your Minds preserve the conquests of your Eyes; Till ripe you fall, as Heaven and Fame approve, From Beauty's branch, into the lap of Love.
HENRY.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
IMPROMPTU.
WHAT, she a pretty girl—you say? She is the merriest hag— Remove that darkling veil away, Nor buy a pig in bag.
Philadelphia, April 27.
European accounts, received in various directions, concur in a general approbation of the measures adopted by the government of the United States, for the establishment of peace and promoting prosperity at home, as well as to support their character and respectability abroad, more particularly in regard to its public credit and finances—and no law that has been enacted, is more likely to conciliate the respect of Foreigners than that for the establishment of the bank of the United States. The essentials of this Law are contained in the Report of the Secretary of the Treasury, which appeared early in the session; it soon found its way across the Atlantic—and strange as some folks may think the circumstance to be, the article which excludes foreigners from voting in the direction of the
bank, is one of those which receives the fullest approbation among the most intelligent characters, the other side of the water.
A letter from London, to the Editor of the General Advertiser in this city, says—The National Assembly have equipped two vessels to go in quest of M. de la Peyrouse.
When I left Madrid a trial for a libel was prosecuting against 4 Italians and 3 Spaniards, all men of family—they were accused of writing against the Queen, and the minister of finance—Not Florida Blanca, he is minister of State—and a man who deserves to be, and is beloved.
It was talked of at Madrid, that Mr. Cabarrus would be set at liberty—This worthy gentleman was accused of causing to be bought at Paris, to the amount of eight millions in the French funds, and the King had been made to believe there would be a loss of twenty-five per cent. But since a private banker of Madrid has contracted for the purchase of those funds the disagreeable impression on the character of Mr. Cabarrus, is done away.
In Italy every thing is quiet—in Spain it is a crime to speak of the French revolution—Italy is still too fond of the fine arts, to allow them time to turn their attention to politics. For my part, I wish that every nation may enjoy that liberty, the sweets of which you Americans have so well deserved and which you now enjoy in full perfection.
Extract of a letter from Charleston, S. C. April 7.
"We are making great preparations for the reception of the President of the United States.—There is to be a ball on the night of his arrival—What think you of 100l. for the rent of a house six or eight days? Sixty pounds was the lowest it could be obtained for—however, I tell them it is wrong to engage one—as the President will not deviate from his rule, which is, not to take private lodgings."
No. 6052 has drawn 10000 dollars in the Massachusetts Lottery—bought by a country Farmer.
The mail from the Southward, due yesterday, by some accident has miscarried.
Two years have elapsed since the first number of this Gazette was published: In retracing the period, what a series of events crowd on the mind! pleasing, important, and interesting to mankind in general, and peculiarly so to the citizens of these free States. The transforming influence of that Constitution, which, without fraud, force or surprise, a wise and magnanimous people have adopted, is most strikingly exemplified, in that peace, security, and respectability, which this Union now enjoys:—Long may they continue; and under their benign aspects, may the foundations of civil liberty be laid so broad and deep, as to resist the changes of human weakness, and the ravages of time. It has been the supreme ambition of the Editor to disseminate sentiments favorable to the production of these events; if he has, in any degree, contributed to their existence, his labors will be rewarded, at least with pleasing reflections.
The present posture of affairs in this Union, is as novel as it is pleasing: Envy, faction, and party, are destitute of a subject—and except the pride of prophecy should be piqued at finding its anticipations totally illusory, our country must progress in freedom and happiness.
The United States may therefore be felicitated on its situation and prospects; a glorious spirit of emulation pervades the several governments, and to excel in arts, manufactures, agriculture, and commercial enterprise, appears to be the general object.
A series of speculations in the newspapers, on the most useful subjects, are continually pouring a rich vein of information and instruction through the country.
A spirit of Intolerance is almost universally reprobated—and Religion, Morals, Politics, Law and Government, have fair play.
May no root of bitterness spring up to trouble us: May prosperity not enervate us, nor pride, corruption, and false glory, blast the fairest prospect that Heaven hath ever delineated to the view of the sons of men.
To Correspondents,
"HINTS TO REVIEWERS" in our next.
"ARCAS" is not original—and would not do, if it was.
PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES.
   FUNDED DEBT.     6 pr. Cents 17/ pr. £. 85 pr. cent.   3 pr. Cents 9 3/4 46 do.   Deferred 6 pr. Cents 8 11/9 45 do.   UNFUNDED DEBT.   Final Sett. and other Certificates 16/ 80   Indents 9/ 45 do.   N. and S. Carolina debts, 12 3/4 15/ do.  
From PELOSI's MARINE LIST.
Arrivals since our last.
 Ship Swanwick, Camel, Lisbon, 45 days.  Brig Betty, Night, Edenton, 7.  Do. Polly, Egger, Cape Francois, 39.  Sloop Sophia, Sites, Port-au-Prince, 35.  Do. Wilmington, Justice, Cape-Francois, 35.  Do. Chray, Williams, Virginia.  Do. Phoenix, Burrows, Turk's-Island, 20.  Ship St. Peter, Lacosta, Lisbon, 55.  Schooner Betty, Millers, Madeira.  Brig Newton, Hawkins, St. Croix.  Sloop Liberty, Montayne, St. Kitts.  Do. Oliver Mary, Mason, Savannah.  Do. Bermuda, Burrows, Bermuda.  Schooner Sally, Taylors, Aux Cayes.  Do. Nelly, Byrne, North-Carolina.  Do. Holker, Deal, Savannah.  Brig Eliza, McKoy, Lucia, 17.  Sloop Friendship, Hill, Grenada.  Do. Polly, Heath, Virginia.  Do. Orange, Rhodes, Cape-Francois.  Brig Lady, Vanife, Do.  Snow Harmony, Pall, Oporto, } down the river.  Capt. Truxton, from Calcutta, } 
Funds of the United States.
ALL kinds of the Public Debt of the Union, bought, sold, or exchanged; Foreign and inland Bills of Exchange, negotiated; Merchandise of all sorts Bought and Sold on Commission, and all other Business in the line of a Broker, transacted by
WILLIAM CLELAND,
At the Office, next door to the Custom-House, State-Street, BOSTON,

PHILADELPHIA.
EXPENCE AND PROFIT OF RAISING SILK-WORMS.
ONE hundred trees of two or three year's growth, will feed an amazing number of silk-worms, rate them at £. 0 7 6
The land they are put in a mere trifle: They can be planted in hedge rows, and improve the ground in which they grow. Any vegetable or grass will thrive well under them: indeed by keeping the ground loose about their roots they will thrive the best. Say that the room they take up is worth another dollar. 0 7 6
The worms thrive best in mere sheds almost. A tight room is not the thing. A hut, any kind of rough and slight shelter is best. An unfinished garret; the corner of a barn enclosed for the purpose, will serve: But suppose it were necessary to run up a small building for the purpose, you may raise many thousands in one that every farmer may build for himself and it won't cost him more than 3 0 0
Ten dollars is then the capital required to set up this business. 3 15 0
Now let us see what it will take to carry it on. Suppose our farmer has a wife and two children. Well, about the 10th of June he thinks of hatching his eggs (they will cost him nothing) and by the middle of August the work is done. In that time his wife children and himself, not employed all the day long about the silk-worms, may raise at least 160,000 of them.
Then the only thing is to reel off this silk. To be sure it will require time, patience and industry to reel off 1,900,000 yards of silk which these 160,000 worms have made; but no money is required to do it. The wife and children do it at their leisure, and when it is done they have 54lb. of raw silk to dispose of at 3 dollars per lb. this is £. 50 12 6
All by the labour of his own and family's hands, and that only during part of the year.
His trees remain, his shed stands, and his land is still his, and not impoverished.
And why won't our farmers plant these mulberry trees and busy themselves in the culture of this silk? It is for want of thought; but their eyes will be soon opened to their interest. £. 50. for a small family to make in one year from a capital of £. 3 15, only with industry and attention, is certainly worth thinking about:—Where is the farmer that can do better with his land, time, or money? General Advertiser.
A writer in the Columbian Centinel, speaking of Mr. HAZARD's intended publication of American STATE PAPERS, says,
HAVING observed in the Gazette of the United States, an advertisement, inviting subscriptions for a collection of AMERICAN STATE PAPERS, I am not only well pleased myself, but am happy in believing that every friend to Science and to America, who is acquainted with the design, enjoys equal pleasure. The undertaking indeed is laborious, but the advantage to the public will be immense. The voluminous collections of PURCHAS and RUSHWORTH, in the last century, have done eminent service to the cause of Science, and formed materials of which every succeeding Historian has taken advantage. The work of Mr. HAZARD, has been long in contemplation, and pursued with a patient attention and perseverance which does him much honor. He has already been so happy as to receive the countenance and encouragement of the best judges and most distinguished characters on this continent—and it is hoped that gentlemen of erudition, will do all that lies in their power to forward the publication of so interesting a work.
GALLAUDET and EWING,
No. 54, SOUTH SECOND STREET,
HAVE imported in the Lady Walterstorff, from London, Manchester and Adriana from Liverpool, and the Birmingham Packet from Bristol, a GENERAL ASSORTMENT of
SEASONABLE GOODS,
which they will sell on reasonable terms. — On hand for sale, a few hogheads of OLD JAMES'S RIVER TOBACCO. Philadelphia, April 9, 1791. 100 cprim
FOR SALE,
In the City of New-Brunswick,
A Commodious TWO STORY HOUSE, almost new, pleasantly situated on the banks of the Raritan, together with a large Lot in the rear, and a very good Wharf immediately in front of the House. Said House is thirty-four feet square has four rooms on each floor, with entries between the same, and a good stone cellar under the whole.
Any person inclining to purchase may have possession the first day of May next, and know the price and terms of payment which will be made early by applying to LEWIS FORMAN, in said city, or the subscriber in Borden Town. J. VAN EMBURGH.
N. B. If not sold, to be rented from 1st day of May next.
All persons concerned will be pleased to take notice that the following advertisement has been varied from that published in our paper of the 23d of March.]
Treasury Department.
MARCH 22, 1791.
NOTICE is hereby given, that Proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary of the Treasury, until the first Monday in September next inclusive, for the supply of all rations, which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January to the thirty-first day of December, 1792, both days inclusive, at the places, and within the districts herein after mentioned, viz.
At any place or places, betwixt Yorktown in the state of Pennsylvania and Fort Pitt, and at Fort Pitt.
At any place or places, betwixt Fort Pitt and Fort McIntosh, on the River Ohio, and at Fort McIntosh.
At any place or places, betwixt Fort McIntosh and the mouth of the River Muskingum, and at the mouth of the River Muskingum.
At any place or places, betwixt the mouth of the River Muskingum, and up the said River to the Tuscarawas, and at the Tuscarawas, and thence over to the Cayuga River, and down the said River to its mouth.
At any place or places, betwixt the mouth of the River Muskingum, and the mouth of the Scioto River, and at the mouth of the said River Scioto.
At any place or places, betwixt the mouth of Scioto River, and the mouth of the great Miami, at the mouth of the great Miami, and from thence to the Rapids, on the Falls of the Ohio, and at the said Rapids.
At any place or places, betwixt the mouth of the great Miami, up the said Miami, to and at Piquetown, and thence over to the Miami Village, on the river of the same name which empties into Lake Erie.
At any place or places from the rapids of the Ohio, to the mouth of the Wabash, thence up the said Wabash to Post St. Vincennes, at Post St. Vincennes, and thence up the said river Wabash, to the Miami village, before described.
At any place or places, from the mouth of the Wabash river to the mouth of the river Ohio.
At any place or places, on the east side of the river Mississippi, from the mouth of the Ohio river, to the mouth of the Illinois river.
At any place or places, from the mouth of the Miami river to the Miami Village.
At any place or places, from the Miami Village to Sandusky, and at Sandusky, and from Sandusky to the mouth of Cayuga river.
At any place or places, betwixt Fort Pitt and Venango, and at Venango.
At any place or places, betwixt Venango and Le Beuf, and at Le Beuf, betwixt Le Beuf and Presq' Isle, at Presq' Isle, and betwixt Presq' Isle and the mouth of Cayuga river.
At the mouth of Cayuga river, and at any place or places, on the route from Fort Pitt, to the mouth of Cayuga river, by the way of Big Beaver creek.
At any place or places, on the east side of the Mississippi, between the mouth of the Ohio and the river Margot inclusively.
At any place or places, from the said river Margot, to the river Yazous inclusively.
At any place or places, from the mouth of the river Tenessee, to Ocochappo or Bear creek, on the said river inclusively.
Should any rations be required at any places, or within other districts, not specified in these proposals, the price of the same to be hereafter agreed on, betwixt the public and the contractor.
The rations to be supplied are to consist of the following articles.
 One pound of bread or flour,  One pound of beef, or 3/4 of a pound of pork,  Half a gill of rum, brandy or whisky,  One quart of salt,  Two quarts of vinegar,  Two pounds of soap,  One pound of candles,  per. 100 rations.
ALSO, That Proposals will be received at the said office until the first Monday in September next, inclusive, for the supply of all rations which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January to the thirty-first day of December, 1792, both days inclusive, at Springfield, in the state of Massachusetts, and the Post of West-Point, in the state of New-York, The rations to be supplied, are to consist of the same articles as are above mentioned.
ALSO, That proposals will be received at the said office, until the 1st Monday in September next inclusive, for the supply of all rations, which may be required for the use of the United States, from the 1st day of January to the 31st day of December, 1792, both days inclusive, at the places, and within the districts herein after mentioned.
At the post on the river Saint Mary, at present commanded by Capt. Henry Burbeck.
At the post on the river Altamaha, at present commanded by Capt. John Smith.
At the post on the river Oconee, at present commanded by Capt. Joseph Savage.
At the post on the river Apalachee, at present commanded by Capt. Michael Rudolph.
At any place or places from the Rock Landing on the Oconee, up to the mouth of the main south branch of the said river, from the said mouth up to the source of the said main south branch, and from thence to the Currahee mountain.
At any other place or places within the state of Georgia which may hereafter be occupied as permanent posts by any troops of the United States.
And for rations deliverable on the march to such future posts. The rations are to be furnished in such quantities as that there shall at all times, during the said term, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at each of the said posts, for the space of at least two months in advance, in good and wholesome provisions.
The rations to be supplied are to consist of the same articles, as are abovementioned.
It is to be understood in each case, that all losses sustained by the depredations of the enemy, or by means of the troops of the United States, shall be paid for at the prices of the articles captured or destroyed, on the depredations of two or more creditable characters, and the certificate of a commissioned officer, ascertaining the circumstances of the loss, and the amount of the articles for which compensation is claimed.
The contracts for the above supplies will be made either for one year, or for two years, as may appear eligible. Persons disposed to contract will therefore confine their offers to one year, or they may make their propositions so as to admit an election of the term of two years.
The proposals may be made for the whole of the above posts together, or separately for Springfield, for West-Point, for Yorktown, and the seventeen places following it, and for the posts in Georgia; and they must specify the lowest price per ration, for prompt payment.
The Printers who have published the above advertisement, are requested to reprint it with the alterations.
MATTHEW M'CONNELL,
IN CHESNUT-STREET, No. 66,
BUYS and SELLS all kinds of THE PUBLIC DEBT OF THE UNION; has frequently occasion to NEGOTIATE INLAND BILLS OF EXCHANGE—and will receive Orders for making SUBSCRIPTIONS to the BANK of the UNITED STATES.
Philadelphia, March 30, 1791. (96 tf)
IMPERIAL HYSON, SOUCHONG, and BOHEA TEAS,
REFINED SUGARS, COFFEE, and SPICES, &c.
Of the first quality—by retail,
No. 17,
Third Street, between Chestnut and Market Streets.
A few New-York LOTTERY TICKETS come to hand, for sale.
To be disposed of, BY PRIVATE SALE,
A COLLECTION OF
Scarce and Valuable BOOKS,
In the HEBREW, GREEK, LATIN, FRENCH, and ITALIAN LANGUAGES—being part of a private Library;
Among which are the following:
FOLIO. Euripides, Homer, Demosthenes, Xenophon, Plato, Lucian, Plutarch, Pausanias, Propertius, Eusebius, Nicephorus, Cicero, Virgil, Horace, Livy, Tacitus, Seneca, Pliny, &c.
Quarto. Pindar, Aristotle, Terence, Ovid, Cæsar, Suetonius, Juvenal, Manilius, &c.
Octavo & infra. Septuagint, Aristophanes, Longinus, Theophrastus, Epictetus, Hesiod, Orpheus, M. Antoninus, Phalaris, Isocrates, Polyænus, Lucretius, Catullus, Tibullus, Propertius, Paternus, Florus, Lucan, Statius, Gellius, Ausonius, Vida, Buchanan, Boëtius, Poëtæ minores Latini, Callipædia, Strada, L. Valla, &c.
A Catalogue is left at the Book-Store of Messrs RICE and Co. Market-Street, where further particulars may be learned.
NOTIFICATION.
Colonel THOMAS PROCTER, Lieutenant of the City and Liberties of Philadelphia, being necessarily absent from the city, his Excellency the GOVERNOR hath thought proper to authorise me to discharge the Duties of that Office until his return:—
NOTICE is therefore given, to the MILITIA of the City and Liberties of Philadelphia, the Northern Liberties of said City, the Townships of Moyamensing and Passyunk, that they are to meet and exercise under their respective Officers on the following Days, viz.
 First Battalion on the 2d Day of May next,  Second Battalion on the 3d of do.  Third Battalion on the 4th of do.  Fourth Battalion on the 5th of do.  Fifth Battalion on the 6th of do.  Sixth Battalion on the 9th of do.  Seventh Battalion on the 10th of do. 
ELEAZER OSWALD, Lieutenant, pro tem. of the City and Liberties of Philadelphia.
Philadelphia, April 6, 1791.
PROPOSALS
FOR PRINTING BY SUBSCRIPTION, A COLLECTION OF
MISCELLANEOUS ESSAYS,
Partly original, and partly already published,
Written by MATHEW CAREY.
CONDITIONS.
I. THE Work shall contain 200 pages; be printed on the finest writing paper; and be elegantly bound, edge rolled and lettered.
II. Price to subscribers two thirds of a dollar, to be paid on the delivery of the book.
III. The work shall be put to the press as soon as 250 copies are subscribed for.
IV. The subscribers names shall be prefixed.
SUBSCRIPTIONS are received by CAREY, STEWART, and Co. and all the other Booksellers in Philadelphia; also, by the different gentlemen throughout the United States, who supply subscribers with the American Museum. Philadelphia, Feb. 23, 1791.
TO BE SOLD,
THE SEAT OF THE LATE GOVERNOR LIVINGSTON,
situate about a mile from Elizabeth-Town, on the public road to Morris Town. The farm contains between 90 and 100 acres of land, 15 or 20 acres of which are wood land; there is also appertaining to the said farm about 19 acres of salt meadow. Particular attention having been paid to the cultivation of fruit; there is on the farm a very large collection of various kinds of the choicest fruit trees, &c. in full bearing; the house is large, convenient, well built and in very good repair.
Enquire of the Printer, for further particulars. New-York, Jan. 1791. 80 3m
MANUEL NOAH,
BROKER,
No. 91, Race-Street, between Second and Third-Streets, BUYS and SELLS
Continental & State Certificates,
Pennsylvania and Jersey Paper Money, And all kinds of SECURITIES of the United States, or of any particular State.
GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES,
THE principles on which this publication is founded, have been appreciated by the public, in that general circulation which the Gazette has obtained: To hold up the people's own government, in a favorable point of light—and to impress just ideas of its administration, by exhibiting FACTS, comprise the outlines of the plan of this paper—and so long as the principles of the Constitution are held sacred, and the rights and liberties of the people are preserved inviolate, by "the powers that be," it is the office of patriotism, by every exertion, to endear the GENERAL GOVERNMENT to the people. Through the assistance of several distinguished literary characters, whose labors would give celebrity to works of a superior denomination, this Gazette has been continued two years, and the present number (208) forms the END of the SECOND VOLUME.