Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1791-09-21 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 42, of Vol. III.]
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1791.
[Whole No. 250.]
FROM THE COLUMBIAN CENTINEL.
AMERICAN FUNDS.
MR. RUSSELL,
SO short is the time which hath elapsed since the establishment of public credit by the Funding System, and punctual payment of the interest, that the people seem not to have formed just and fixed ideas as to the permanent value of their property in the funds; hence arises the fluctuation in the price of stocks. These fluctuations being injurious to the people in general, it is the duty of government, and of every individual, to use endeavors to establish a just and fixed price to the funded Securities. The most natural and rational standard for our Funds, seems to be the British ; because we are well informed respecting every circumstance relating to them. But it must be allowed that the smallness of our debt, compared with the British , and the superiority of our situation in many important respects, ought to give our Funds the preference. It is allowed by the British writers, that their nation in regard to wealth, and numbers, and prospects, is come to its height; but all the world supposes the wealth and numbers, and prospects of America are increasing rapidly—and that the United States will become the most wealthy, powerful and happy nation, under the sun. These being the state of things, nothing is wanting to render the American funds permanently higher than the British , but just ideas respecting them. The British people, and (our own formerly) have been in the habit of thinking their funds the best in the world, but they, and the rest of the world, will soon be convinced from the present state of Europe and America , that the Funds of this country are in many particulars superior to the British , or any in Europe . As the territory of the United States is much larger than all the kingdoms and States of Europe , and possesses all the variety of climate, soil, and situation, most favorable for agriculture, manufactures, and commerce;—As the increase of people, and the emigrations from Europe , and the progress in every thing tending to the growth and prosperity of a nation, have been and now are fully answerable to the natural advantages of this country, it ought in reason to be a fixed principle in every mind that our Funds are now fully equal to the British , and will rise higher—Four per cent. for money in American funds, paid every three months, is the greatest sure profit to be any where obtained—and will be an object with every man of property. As the people of this country, are abundantly able to hold their own debt, and as it will be beneficial to the country, it is wished foreigners may not purchase into American Funds.
Speculators will aim to keep up a fluctuation, as their trade depends upon ups and downs, but every wise ruler and good citizen will exert himself to make the funds permanent at their true value, as this would greatly facilitate all kinds of business, and essentially promote the general prosperity of the country.
Sept. 10.
AN AMERICAN.
L O N D O N, JULY 19.
M E M O I R, ADDRESSED TO THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AND FRENCH NATION,
BY LOUIS JOSEPH BOURBON CONDE, In answer to the Decree of the 11th of June.
PROSCRIBED by a misled people, and so long persecuted with an unprecedented fury, I now come to express the sacred language of truth to the representatives of the nation, to confound imposture and calumny, and to lay open my whole soul.
I know that I have been, and still am, daily exposed to the shafts of malignity; I know that the bare mention of my name serves as fuel to public hatred; but I must at length tear off the bandage from the eyes of my cruel enemies, and present myself to them in the armour of truth.
A simple account of my conduct since the revolution, will, perhaps, open the eyes of a noble, but volatile—a humane, but inconsistent people, who, always extreme in their hatred as in their love, suffer themselves to be carried away by the impulse of the present sentiment.
On the 14th of July, 1789, in the moment of a terrible explosion, I thought it my duty to quit the capital, to escape from evils, perhaps from crimes. Soon after I thought it right to leave France, to take away all pretence for fresh outrages. This voluntary exile was a sacrifice to the public tranquility. At a distance from my country, I waited, in melancholy expectation, the moment when the French nation, restored to milder sentiments, and to its native urbanity, should permit me to return. I was far from thinking that my expectation, perpetually deceived by new troubles, and fresh calamities, must be fated to see so delicious a moment incessantly removed to a distant period, and that calumny and hatred, guarding the entrance of France, would prevent my approach to it. I was far from imagining, that a progressive series of horrors and usurpations would bring on the greatest of crimes; and that a King, lately the delight of his subjects, would be kept in his own palace as a State Prisoner! and that (ah! how could I think it?—posteriority will with difficulty believe it!)—I should myself be tempted to consider this cruel spectacle as one of those tormenting visions which sometimes harrow our souls in sleep!
I must draw the veil over these affecting scenes; expressions cannot describe them; they can only be felt. Ah! what language can paint the impression made upon my mind by the sight of my King, the heir of St. Louis and Henry the IVth, drinking the cup of bitterness, exhausted with outrages, and sunk into the depth of misery, after having in a short space of time borne every kind of misfortune, and felt every variety of suffering?
How shall I at this time dare to speak of myself? How shall I paint the injustice I have experienced, when I see before me still greater? Can I compare my sufferings with those of the king?—No matter; I must speak, since I am called upon; I must lay open my heart, since frankness is required of me; it shall be worthy of a Conde ; it shall be worthy of a Frenchman.
I have been represented as the twinn enemy of the French nation; who, indefatigable in my hatred, have been endeavoring to raise enemies against them in all the courts of Europe; as an enemy eager to bring fire and sword into the heart of his own country; and I am now industriously represented as a tiger athirst for blood, watching the favorable moment to tear its prey in pieces.
Assuredly, neither my ancestors nor myself were ever the partizans of despotism; and the history of France produces many examples to the contrary, taken out of my family.—Henry Conde
fought for liberty of conscience; and the second Henry of the same name attacked the despotism of the Regent and her Ministers during the minority of Louis XIII. and openly declared himself the Protector of the Tiers Etat. The Great Conde, united with the Parisians armed under his command, attacked the tyrannical power of Cardinal Mazarine.
In common with all good Frenchmen, I was desirous of the assembling of the States General in 1789. I even advised the King to take this measure. I always detested abuses, and abhorred the despotism of Ministers. I have long formed, in the bottom of my heart, a sincere wish for the restoration of the finances, and the regeneration of the kingdom. Alas! it is to this fatal desire, then participated by almost the whole nation, that France owes the evils which now consume her, and if the desire of doing good could be a crime, with what bitterness might we now reproach ourselves.
But it is not the thing itself but the abuse of it which has destroyed the kingdom; it is envy, jealousy, ambition, and licentiousness, which, united under the mask of liberty, have laid waste this powerful Monarchy. And it is expected that I should come into the midst of the factions to applaud these horrors! Even partake in them by my presence! A French Prince is wished for amidst these ruins, to witness the last grasp of Monarchy; No, I would rather consent to a perpetual banishment; I would rather abandon all my possessions to fire and plunder, than return into the kingdom in the midst of disorder, and after the commission of the most odious crime. No, France shall never again behold me within her limits, so long as reason and justice are banished from her, and so long as she is the prey of the factions who mislead her. If the French, at a future time of opening their eyes, shake off the yoke of their new tyrants; if they will acknowledge that liberty does not empower men to seize and destroy every thing, and subject it to their ferocious chimeras; and if they should at length learn that a nation has not a right to be unjust to a single individual, then I say, I will hasten with the greatest eagerness, I will fly into the arms of my fellow-citizens.
But, perhaps this time is not far off—soon terror will possess the souls of those criminally ambitious men who have made the most polished people in the universe the most savage. Heaven and men will not suffer so many crimes to go unpunished. As to myself, I shall not direct my arms against my country:—factions men always wish to identify themselves with it; but the rest of the French, and all Europe, are not to be imposed upon. He is not a traitor to his country who would take the mask off them; and a decree, into which the religion of the Assembly has been surprised, and the illusory sanction of the King, cannot make me a rebel. I have received the person who brought me this injurious decree with the attentions due at all times, and under all circumstances, to the character of an Envoy, and to the law of nations. I have received this Decree, and this is my answer. I declare it boldy; and I make it public, that the Assembly, France, and Europe may read, at the same time, into the bottom of my heart, and judge me.
LETTER from the OFFICERS in M. de BOUILLE's Army, to their COMRADES in France.
"YE French!—relatives and friends! of all ranks, of either sex, and of all ages!—know ye, we have been employed in following the measures adopted by our General, and in using our endeavors to give efficacy to the efforts made by the Marquis de Bouille to save the Royal Family, and to break the fetters of the best and most unfortunate of Kings!
"The insults, to which we have been obliged to submit, are not to be described; yet we had the courage to bear them all with patience: because we flattered ourselves with the pleasing hopes that we should, at some time or other, reap the fruits of our moderation and prudence.
"One single word, one rash step, might have ruined all our schemes, and frustrated all our attempts to set our King at liberty, and to restore him to his exalted state in the midst of those his subjects, whose loyalty remains unshaken.
"Nothing has been able to cool our zeal: our attachment to the King has remained firm amidst insults, outrages, and persecutions of all kinds.
"The moment—so long wished for, and which has been prudently provided for—has arrived; but unfortunately it has been productive of fatal consequences to the French Nation, or rather to all true Frenchmen. Our projects are all frustrated; our hopes are vanished into air; our souls are full of bitterness and anguish; and we should be, at this moment, a prey to despair, were we not convinced that our military brethren, and all other true Frenchmen now in France, who have been prevented from treading in the steps of the Marquis de Bouille, will adopt our profession of fidelity, which we now transmit to the corps, still remaining, but almost at the last gasp, of one of the most gallant armies in the universe.
"The outrageous, insulting, and barbarous manner in which the French nation—become ferocious—watched every step of the most unfortunate of Princes, the departure of the King—his subsequent arrestation at Varennes—his forced return to the capital;—all these circumstances prove to all the world, the crimes of a faction, and the captivity of our master.
"We therefore consider every thing which the soi disant National Assembly have done, as null and void.
"We declare that we shall never submit to any other government than that of a Monarchy.
"We demand a free King!—We demand our King! It is the duty of the French Nobility, formerly famed for loyalty, it is the duty of every French soldier to fly to the relief of his King, to tear him away from his prison, to sacrifice our lives and fortunes for this unfortunate Monarch, to pursue, to our last moments, the monsters who have wrested the sceptre from his grasp, and have placed it in hands blasted with crimes, those monsters who have dared to insult the tenderness of mothers, a mother in whose veins flow the noblest blood in the universe!
"We are resolved to live, and to die, professing the religion of our ancestors.
"We therefore swear, and our oath will be applauded by the whole world, that we will transmit, to our children—to our neighbours—to our friends—the most implacable hatred against all factious persons, who live on rapine and murder.
"All those, who still remain loyal to their King, and to the French Monarchy—all those who are the friends of mankind—must rid the world of those monsters who infest the finest kingdom upon earth, who insult the best of Kings, and who blindly lead, to every excess and outrage, a nation formerly distinguished for generous sentiments and the noblest actions.
"Ye French officers—hear the oath we are going to take, and repeat it at the same time with us!
"We swear, upon our honor (the only thing which remains to us) that we will die for the deliverance of our King—that we shall educate our children in these principles—that we will pursue, so long as we live, the factious leaders who have insulted our King, or who shall dare to touch their Majesties;—and we shall consider every military person as infamous who shall refuse to take this oath.
"Neither fire nor sword, neither flames nor prison, nor the massacre of our relatives, of our wives, or of our children;—nothing, in one word, shall make us forget the first oath which we have taken in favor of our King.
"This is the only legitimate oath which we can take, and for its inviolable preservation we are ready to die.
"All ye inhabitants of the earth! And all ye French people of either sex, and of all ages!—ye will applaud our courage. You will say to your children—"Misfortunes were their portion; but though they fell victims to factious fury, they preserved their honour."
"Such is the profession of loyalty made by all officers who remain faithful to their King; and this profession it is the duty of all true Frenchmen to make.
"Signed by the General Officers and Aids-de-Camp of the army of M. de Bouille.
"The Officers of the following regiments join their signatures with ours.
"Royal Allemand, Royal Champagne, Chasseurs de Champagne, Chasseurs de Neuville, de Royal Bourgoyn, de Condé, Infantry, de Lauzun, Hussars, de Schomberg, Dragons, de Nassau, Chasseurs de Cevennes, Corps Royal of Engineers, de Monsieur Dragons, de Royal Dragons, des Gardes du Corps, du Roi, des Gardes de Monseigneur, le Comte d'Artois, &c. &c.
"N. B. Instead of each individual signature, it was thought sufficient to name the regiments to which the officers now with us belong.
"They have requested me to make their sentiments known, and to authenticate them with my signature, that all Europe may be acquainted with them.
(Signed) "DEJOTEUX, Adjutant-General to the Marquis de Bouille. Approved. LE MARQUIS DE BOUILLE."
Luxemburg, June 27, 1791.
W A R S A W, June 12.
The Diet are busy relative to a plan proposed in favour of the Jews, who are very numerous in this country, amounting to from 5 to 700,000 individuals, and they they will probably experience the effects of that wisdom which governs all the deliberations of our Senate.
They still talk of arming the citizens of this capital.
June 22. Count Stanislaus Potocki, who was charged with the important commission of offering the Crown of Poland to the Elector of Saxony when a vacancy therein took place, is returned from Dresden without a decisive answer. His Electoral Highness presented the Count with a valuable snuff-box.
The labours of the Diet employed on the Constitution are almost at an end. The principal object of deliberation which remains, is the establishment of Municipalities and the interior administration of towns.
J E R S E Y, July 6.
Since the bringing back of the King, it is become very difficult for the French Aristocrats to emigrate. As soon as a Jersey vessel arrives at Grenville, or St. Malo, three or four chaloupes are moored round her, to prevent the exportation of men or money. An express arrived yesterday from the latter place, to a Jersey man, who had brought some passengers over, with private advice, that if he returned to France, he would inevitably be hanged. Several, however, made their escape on Sunday.
Some of the emigrants were preparing to embark for Ostend, on the intelligence of the King's escape. But since they have been informed of his captivity, and of the disposition of the French nation to resist all attempts of a Counter Revolution, the barometer of their spirits and of their hopes has fallen very low.
P A R I S, July 8.
It became a question of etiquette, whether, in the present situation of affairs, Ambassadors from crowned heads should continue in Paris, and they all desired to have instructions from their respective Courts. Earl Gower received immediate instructions to remain, and they all continue to make their appearance at the Thuilleries, and to transact business avec le Roi as usual.
You will see, from the Declaration of 290 members, that the Royal party is by no means extinguished in Paris. You find them every where, and it is a proof of the confidence of the majority, that the malcontents are at perfect liberty to speak, write, hold their consultations, and to be as outrageous as they please.
The prospect of the harvest in France is good beyond the memory of man. The corn countries were never so loaded, and they are not overrun

by game, to destroy and eat up the bounty of providence. "All this," said a joyful farmer, in the neighbourhood of Montreuil—"all this Monsieur is destined to the use of man—What a Revolution is this! We shall reap what we sow."
A new paper, under the title of the Republican, by a Society of Republicans, has made its appearance, in the first number of which is a letter from Mr. Paine.
LETTER from M. Roederer, a celebrated Patriot, to M. Bouille.
"I received yesterday, Sir, a packet with the post-mark of Luxembourg, and sealed with your arms, containing a printed copy of your letter to the National Assembly. I flatter myself that in transmitting this letter to me, you wish to indicate that I am personally interested in the insults which it contains, and I thank you accordingly."
"Perhaps you may recollect a conversation which we had together at Metz, during the epoch of the Revolution. I was then at the head of the Patriotic Party, and you were commandant of that place. The citizens distrusted you; they were afraid lest you should invite the King, and those courtiers whom the Revolution had condemned to the punishment of equality, within their walls. You were at that time the cause of a continual fermentation, but you were taught to know (how much have you since forgot this useful lesson!) that your cannon were of no avail against the eternal batteries of reason, which from the Printing-house as Laudouin, began to humble all the supporters of Tyranny and of Tyrants, and which, be assured, will continue to humble them, to whatever distance they may retreat, or within whatever citadel they may entrench themselves."
"Penetrated with these truths, so humiliating to you, you then waited on me and asked me this question—"Do you think that the public welfare demands that I should give up my command? If you do, I am ready to give in my resignation." "If the Fugitives," I replied, "intend to rally in this country; if the King intends to take refuge here; if Metz is destined to become the cradle of a Civil War, I wish you were a thousand leagues distant. But on the contrary, if the King should adhere to the Constitution, if the fugitives dispersed throughout the world are content to act the part of Knights-Errant, I shall be very happy to see in the chief garrison of our frontiers a General like you, who has gained the attachment of the soldiery, and is capable of enforcing obedience at home and respect abroad."
"Your reply to me was a memorable one, and I am able to recapitulate it exactly:— I give you my word of honor, to enforce the Decrees of the National Assembly with my utmost power, whether I approve them or not; I also pledge my word of honor, never to involve my country in a Civil War. "
"Perhaps this conversation has been recollected by you since your arrival at Luxembourg; you may have been afraid lest one of the words of honor which you have betrayed should be forgotten, and you have undoubtedly addressed your letter to me, for fear that this claim to public infamy should lose its just reward."
"If this is your motive, Sir, I doubly thank you for your correspondence."
"For some time past, Philosophy has laboured to dishonour honour , and to elevate Virtue in its room. Louis XVI. and you have at one and the same time rendered this service to the nation, and have advanced the morals of mankind at least half a century nearer perfection."
"In fine, I hope that public opinion and the laws will no longer confine themselves to seats of chivalry and words of honor , as necessary titles for public employments; but that they will also insist on proofs of virtue and acts of patriotism ."
(Signed) "ROEDERER, Deputy to the National Assembly."
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, July 7. The President.—"I have received a communication from the King."
"Mr. President, I send you a note, which I request you to read to the National Assembly."
"GENTLEMEN,
"I AM informed that several officers, gone into foreign countries, have, by circular letters, invited the soldiers of the regiments to which they belong, to quit the kingdom to join them; and that as an inducement, they promise to advance them; by virtue of full powers, directly or indirectly, flowing from me, I think it my duty to give a formal contradiction to these assertions, and to repeat my former declaration, that in leaving Paris I had no intention but to go to Montmedy, and there to make to the National Assembly such representations as I thought necessary, on the difficulties experienced in the execution of the laws, and of the administration of the kingdom. I declare positively, that all persons who say they have received such powers from me, are guilty of a most culpable imposition."
(Signed) "LOUIS." Ordered to be entered in the proceedings.
JULY 12.
Decreed, that 130,000 livres hitherto paid annually to the Pope, and the annual rent paid to the Apostolic Chamber of Avignon, shall cease to be paid, from the 1st of April, 1791.
The Call of the Assembly was in the morning; by which it appears that the number of members present was 1029. The number of those who are dead, or absent with or without leave, &c. or who have resigned, is 132.
LETTER FROM PONDICHERRY.
Read a letter from Pondicherry, giving information that Tippoo had ravaged the country as far as the walls of Madras; but that he had most carefully spared the French and their property, and that the French Flag, wherever displayed, had been the means of preserving those who had hoisted it.
July 14. M. de Liancourt ascended the tribune, and drew a most lively and animated picture of the present situation of France. He declared that he would deliver his opinion with all the courage of a man who is free and independent. He said, that to oppose the inviolability of the king, would be to overturn the constitution. "A king who is not inviolable, (says he) cannot be an hereditary king, but a king of a day."
Whether the king in his flight, be considered as a king, or a simple citizen, his person is inviolable.
One thing is wanting to our revolution; that is the liberty of the king. To complete the constitution, it was necessary that the King, at a distance from Paris, might be enabled to rectify all defects, and afterwards come back to his capital with all the dignity of a man who forms an integral part of the constitution.
Are then measures, adopted with that salutary view, to be thought criminal?
M. de Liancourt then observed, that previously to the 5th of October, the king had not any thing to do with the declaration of rights.
His next attempt was to justify the declaration which the king had left behind him when he left Paris. He spoke highly in praise of the king's personal integrity, of his love of justice, of his fondness for his people, and of his endeavours to rectify all kinds of abuses.
The king, says he, is no longer a king, except for those who have the courage to despise all factious people.—The king is attacked, but through him it is that royalty is intended to be destroyed. It is by the fall of one that some seditious people hope to be on a level. His conclusions were that the project of the committees ought to be adopted.
M. de Liancourt was most virulently attacked by M. Ricard, whose arguments solely consisted of indecent personal reflections.
M. de Liancourt's answer was that of a gentleman.
M. Toussain de l'Isle asked if the King be not liable to be tried, what methods the committees would adopt to prevent Louis XVI. from corrupting, with his list of thirty millions, as many people as he pleases. How, says he, will it be possible to prevent him from choosing another de Calonne to be put at the head of the finances, and another de Bouille to be at the head of an army?
M. Badier made a speech well becoming the deplorable situation of a man who has a straight waistcoat on. Of course it cannot be worth repeating. According to him, a perjured man, a traitor, a parricide, a house-breaker, or a highway man, are complete gentlemen, compared to Louis XVI.
M. Montesquieu with great energy, defended the King and the Monarchy, and spoke with zeal against the arguments of the whole republican phalanx.
M. Prugnon argued forcibly on the same side. M. Roberpierre was of a different opinion; and his speech was much in the same style as that of M. Badier.
M. Dupont delivered his sentiments in favour of the King, and in favor of monarchy, and his arguments were irresistibly conclusive. He very aptly alluded to the English constitution, of which the king is the perpetual equilibrium.
The farther discussion of the subject was at length adjourned to the day following, which, we may safely prophecy, was one of the most tumultuous of all the noisy days since the assembly was self-created.
L O N D O N, July 15.
From the very puny state of health which the Dauphin labors under it is not expected that he will live out his apprenticeship; in case of death, the Democrats will be gratified with their favorite system, unless they should happen, by that time, to go into the other extreme, which is not improbable.
The total of the subscription money for the projected canal between Hereford and Gloucester, amounts to 80,000l.
It was very natural for the Prince of Wales to set his face against the Revolution Dinner people. Those who rejoice at the demolition of a crowned head in France, on the principles of
Democracy, would make no scruple to trample upon the Crown worn by a British Sovereign under the idea of Republicanism. Their ancestors murdered Charles the First, and to this day the successors celebrate the 30th of January, in honor of the horrid regicide then committed. Can such men be called friends to the British Constitution?
The consternation of Messrs. Priestley, Paine, and Co. at the resistance of the people to the doctrines of Republicanism, is great indeed. Every shadow of hope is now departed, and we shall hear no more of the rights of man.
The Swedish Minister at Poland, in consequence of having married a Polish lady, has been honoured with letters of indigenat, or naturalization.
A camp is about to be formed in Poland, to prevent any attempt against the new constitution of that Kingdom.
Mr. Humphreys, whose house at the turnpike was pulled down, offered the mob 4000 and afterwards 8000 guineas, if they would desist; but they declared that money was not their object, and that they pulled down his house because they considered him as a principal person concerned in the inflammatory handbills. He is a principal merchant in the town, and a gentleman much esteemed in his private character.
To pay a compliment to the ashes of Voltaire, is sacrificing sound sense to idle theory, and idolatrously worshipping—"false doctrine, heresy, and schism."
Aristocrats and Ministerialists will, doubtless, be surprised when we draw against them a remark (for which we refer them to the immortal LOCKE, in his Treatise on Civil Government ) made by James the First; that king, so prodigiously attached to the prerogatives of royalty, and who had himself endeavoured, in his writings to consecrate this doctrine. "All kings, (he observes) who do not wish to become tyrants, and to experience the fate of tyrants, ought to keep themselves under submission to the laws. Who-soever maintains to the contrary, is a pest and a viper."
The conduct of the advocates for despotism, by calumniating with misconstructions, as absurd as they are atrocious, the natural exultations of freemen, when they perceive millions of their fellow creatures gloriously emancipating themselves from the shackles of lawless power, reminds us of the too just observation of Voltaire—"that persons are always to be found who have nothing in their composition which belongs to either the age, or the country in which they exist."
America, though happy under her own free Government, does not view the commotions in Europe without much concern. Situated, as she is, in a sequestered corner of the earth, she is determined to repose herself for a long while yet to come in tranquillity, without meddling with the affairs of other nations. Peace and friendship are all she claims, and all she desires. Her commerce is flourishing, and her revenue laws so well regulated, that at the close of the two first year's experience of her new constitution, she found in the public treasury, after deducting all the current expences of Government, a million towards discharging the National Debt.
In the six departments of Breist, Toulon, Rochfort, Bourdeaux, Havre and Dunkirk, there are 133,110 seamen.
The Clergy of Spain have much more reason to dread a Revolution than the King. Their revenues and their power are exorbitant. Many of the antient nobility have long viewed the overbearing influence of the Church with an evil eye, and should his Majesty be disposed to imitate the illustrious example of the King of Poland, he might, in conjunction with his most enlightening nobles, effect a reform of the Government, which would at once secure to him the gratitude and affection of his people, and as great a degree of power as a good King would desire to possess.
Poland, patriotically inattentive to the battle of Europe around her, pursues the completion of the most wonderful revolution ever produced by the concurring assent of an awakened people, with a philosophical unanimity.
Sir John Sinclair has found, that the increase of inhabitants over all Scotland, within these last forty years, notwithstanding wars, emigrations, &c. is little short of half a million of people. Ten parishes, which in 1755 contained 16,591 inhabitants, in 1790 contained 25,249, an increase of 8668.
L I V E R P O O L, July 16.
The man who overshadows the genius of his age; whether it be a statesman, who has the courage and virtue to break through the rampart of popular and ancient prejudices, cemented by the self interest of those who profit by the abuses; or the philosopher, who by his discoveries hastens the progressive improvement of the human mind; or the moralist, who by some happy effort of genius is able to stem the tide of corrupted manners, and turn it into a purer channel; carries with him his existence into future times, and becomes one of the links often unperceived of the great chain of causes and effects by which the moral world is suspended.

B I R M I N G H A M, July 19.
An inflammatory bill in Doctor Priestley's hand writing was found among his papers, and has been transmitted to the Secretary of State—the Doctor is at Kidderminster, to which place it is said the populace mean to follow him. His doctrines, they avow, were meant to subvert the Constitution.
When all the Dissenters are extirpated from Birmingham, the people say riot shall cease.
The reason why there is no military quartered at Birmingham is, that it is not a market town, and that quartering soldiers upon manufacturers would be considered as a grievance, where provisions of course would be extremely dear. The highest Civil Officer in the town is a Constable. Mr. Caerlefs and Mr. Spencer, are the two nearest Magistrates, Mr. Caerlefs attended and did all in his power to stop the fury of the enraged multitude.
The mob wear blue ribbons, and are particularly observant in guarding the Churchmen's houses.
In the beginning of the riot, about 300 people of the town, attempted to oppose the mob, but were repelled and extremely ill treated.
About 60 of the mob have been killed, besides a number of people on both sides much wounded. The Dissenters have all of them fled from the town in the utmost consternation, and most of them are gone to Wolverhampton and Kidderminster.
N E W - H A V E N, September 14.
On Monday the 12th instant the drawing of the New-Haven Wharf-Lottery commenced in this City.—No Prizes higher than 50 Dollars are yet drawn out—a large proportion of Blanks are drawn—of course the Lottery is considerably richer than it was when the drawing began.
B O S T O N, September 10.
The orders issued for a review of the Salem Regiment , the Independent Corps of Cadets , and Artillery Company , at Salem , on Tuesday last, were countermanded, in consequence of the weather being unfavorable.—Nevertheless the officers of the several corps, with the Judge and other officers of the District Court, the clergy, and a number of other respectable citizens, and strangers, moved from Col. Babbott's in procession, attended by the music, to the Court-House —where an elegant dinner was previously provided, at which they partook. After dinner, among other patriotic toasts, was the following—"The persevering and successful Negotiator for the FISHERIES of our country—the Vice-President of the United States"—which was received with great applause.
Two fishing-vessels, which arrived at Beverly , on Monday last, brought in above seven hundred quintals of fish.—The largest fare ever remembered.
Since the last publication of Donations, the American Academy of Arts has received,
The first part of the third Volume of a Botanical Arrangement of British plants, by William Withering, M. D. F. R. S. and Jonathan Stokes, M. D.—presented by Dr. Stokes, and communicated by the Rev. Dr. Culler.
The fifth Volume of the Bath Agricultural Society's Papers , and four copies of the rules, orders, and premia of said Society, for the year 1790.
Several copies of a Prospectus of an intended new periodical work, to be called the Bee , or Universal Literary Intelligencer .
The Library of the late President of the Academy, consisting of more than 1200 Volumes, also 100 L. M.
Two Catalogues of the Library of Harvard University , presented by the Corporation.
Two Volumes of the Massachusetts Magazine , presented by the Editors.
Several Copies of the Sermon preached by the Rev. Peter Thacher, on the late President of the Academy—presented by Mrs. Bowdoin.
The first Volume of the Gazette of the United States —presented by the Editor.
" Les Arts, et les Metiers " in 32 Vols. Folio—bequeathed to the Academy, by Dr. Franklin.
The Byzantine History , in 28 Vols. and Muratton's Collection , in 29 Vols.—presented by the President of the Academy.
Mathematical Tables , containing Common, Hyperbolic, and Logistic Logarithms, &c. Elements of Conic Sections, a Treatise on Mensuration, and an authentic Narrative of the Dissertations and Debates in the Royal Society —presented by Charles Hutton, L. L. D. F. R. S.
A young Alligator , and a very curious Pipe , from the Emperor of Morocco's dominions—given by Mr. Checkley, of Savannah (Georgia) .
Petrified Worms , with the wood which they had penetrated, and a petrified Lemon , and some curious Shells —presented by Thomas Beaufain, of Point-Petre , communicated by the President.
Diogenes Laertius —presented by Dr. Mitchel, of Long-Island , communicated by the President.
N E W - L O N D O N, Sept. 15.
INSURRECTION OF NEGROES.
Last Tuesday evening arrived here the Bug Three-Brothers, Capt. Edgerton, in 20 days from Cape-Francois . In this vessel came Mess. Ruffan and Fauras , who are deputed from the Assembly at the Cape , to solicit assistance from the United States. They inform, that on the 23d ult. a general insurrection of the Negroes took place in that quarter of the Cape —that they had destroyed all the plantations by fire—that they massacred without distinction every white man in their power—and that the morning this vessel failed, the village of Petit-Acre , within three miles of the Cape , was destroyed—that the negroes are in immense bodies—that they have cut off all communication with any part of the country—have entirely surrounded the Cape , and are within two miles of it on every quarter—that a general embargo had taken place, and all the sailors were on those doing military duty—that all the shipping were crowded with women and children, and effects of the inhabitants. Expresses have been sent to Jamaica and the Havanna , to procure assistance.
N E W - Y O R K, September 19.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Cape-Francois , to his friend in this city, dated August 26, 1791 .
"The day after my last (Aug. 22) an insurrection broke out amongst the Negroes and Mulattoes, and they are now destroying every person and thing they come across. There are now eleven plantations on fire in sight, and where it
will end God only knows. The inhabitants are in the greatest fear the town will be burnt, and every American here mounts guard nightly. The inhabitants will not suffer any vessel to depart, fearing they will be under the necessity of embarking."
S A L E M, September 13.
Mr. Ebenezer Gillies, of Marblehead , a few days ago, fell in with a large shell-fish, about 15 leagues from Cape-Ann , which he took and bro't in with him. It differed in many respects from the turtle—in colour—in the form of its head and flippers—and the lines of partition on the upper shell were raised into ridges, the several parts folding over each other; which makes it, according to Dr. Lister, of the multivalvia kind. It weighed 712 lb.
FROM THE BEE.
THERE is a strange propensity in persons of genius, to obtrude forgeries on the public, and a still stranger propensity in the public, to admit them as genuine, without any examination at all.
Let me give a few instances in proof of this; they are the first that occur to my memory. "The memoirs of a Cavalier" was twenty years ago an esteemed book of authentic history: that it was a forgery, some unknown writer demonstrated, in an Edinburgh magazine ; nevertheless it would have maintained its reputation, had not a sudden zeal for the glory of Daniel Defoe lately announced him as the ingenious forger.
There are many who still believe Hardicanute to be an ancient ballad, though the language, manners, every thing, shew it to be a modern composition, and though the author be perfectly well known.
"The travels of Mr. Marshall" had their reign, though short, over popular credulity. Genelli and Kolben still keep their ground.
"The letters of Pope Ganganelli" were read with much admiration, even by protestants: but Voltaire detected the imposture, and justly; for he owed that to the public.
It is but the other day that "the letters of the Duchess of Orleans" came out with a new assortment of characters and anecdotes. The imposture hardly lived to see a translation from the French.
Philadelphia, September 21.
The first clause of the Bill which was sent to the Senate from the House of Representatives, giving Justices of the Peace Cognizance of Debts amounting to 20l. was negatived in the Senate on Saturday last—in consequence of which the bill is lost.
The sum of 20,000l. was voted by the Senate to be inserted in the Federal Building Bill, to defray the expenses incurred by the Corporation for the accommodation of Congress, &c. and to erect a House for the President of the United States.
The Corporation are to be confined in their choice of a lot for this purpose, to High-Street, between Ninth-Street and the Schuylkill.
The General Assembly of the State of Delaware have resolved, that a Convention shall be chosen by the people of that state, for the purpose of revising and amending their Constitution, which is to meet in the town of Dover on Tuesday the 29th of November next. The Convention is to consist of thirty persons. The three counties, viz. Newcastle , Kent , and Sussex , to chuse ten each.
Wednesday the 12th inst. the anniversary Commencement of Rhode-Island College was celebrated at the Meeting-house of the late President, Dr. MANNING. The Hon. DAVID HOWELL, Esq. was appointed President for the day, and did himself honor by the judicious manner in which he executed the important trust. The young Gentlemen acquitted themselves to the universal applause of crowded audiences in both parts of the day.
The exercises being finished, the Degree of Bachelor in Arts was conferred on sixteen candidates, and that of Master of Arts on thirteen.
No election of President took place, but effectual measures are taken to secure the instruction and discipline of the College for the ensuing year.
Proposals for establishing a Bank in the State of Rhode-Island are published in the Providence Gazette of the 10th inst.
It is to consist of 400 shares, at 400 dollars each. The subscription to be opened at the Court-house in Providence on the first Monday of October next. The stock to be one half specie, the other half in 6 per cents, and three per cents securities of the United States. Payments to be made in four equal parts of securities and specie—the first payment the first Monday in October, the second in January, the third in April, and the fourth in July next. Those who prefer paying their whole subscription in gold and silver, are to allow 21s. for 20s. of the 6 per cents, and 12s. for the 3 per cents.
By the ship Atlantic , arrived at this port from Liverpool , further accounts are received of the late riots at Birmingham —the papers are to the 28th July, and contain among other articles an address to the people, from Dr. Priestley; which shall appear in our next.
COMMUNICATIONS.
The test of patriotism in almost every country where the government has long been established, has been considered as consisting in an opposition to the existing administration. On this principle, what a succession of patriotic characters have risen, and floated for a time on the sea of British politics—When the triumphs of a Marlborough had eclipsed in glory, all his cotemporaries, and had thrown the exploits of ancient heroes into the shade— Tories and high-churchmen , unable to behold the splendor of his actions, formed a coalition, and became the patrons of the day—nor could the nation have rest, till those patriots succeeded to the appointments enjoyed by the objects of their enmity and malignity.—In Wolpole's time, the patriots rung an incessant peal in the ears of the people, till, having effected the removal of that odious minister, their zeal was cooled by the breath of royal favor. Stars and garters succeeded—and the patriotism of a Pulteney was hid in the blaze of a coronet.
In the reign of George the Third , what a series of patriotic names in rapid succession have passed away!—till the present prime minister, Mr. Pitt , became fixed, changes were perpetually taking place—Many and powerful were the exertions made to effect his removal; they have hitherto proved ineffectual; and contrary to former times,
the friends of the government now begin to assume with its opponents the honourable appellation of patriots.
But tho' the people of England are justly to be applauded for their attachment to an administration which has done more in seven years to retrieve their affairs, than had been effected in the last thirty preceding years, yet, that this spirit should discover itself in the revival of prejudices, which to the honor of human nature are almost extinct in every other country, is greatly to be lamented—"Churchmen and Dissenters,"—what grating sounds for the 18th century! Religious bigotry and intolerance, are universally reprobated by the enlightened part of mankind; and it is no longer a subject of conjecture, but of actual experiment, that the human mind may be left in perfect freedom, as to religious and moral truths, and the mode of performing religious worship; while at the same time, all the purposes for which government ought to be instituted, are fully obtained and realized—Of this truth the United States, under the present form of government, exhibit incontestible, and irrefragable evidence.
It has been said that "there is a system of opinions peculiar to every age"—the experience of the present day fully confirms this sentiment; one opinion of the present system is that liberty ought to be universal; happy would it be for the human race were mankind united in the means of effecting this noble idea; but as in our pursuit of happiness the route is as various, and as opposite, as the tastes and propensities of our species, so in respect to the methods to be adopted for the attainment of universal Freedom, interest, passion, ignorance and prejudice have hitherto presented insurmountable barriers to the efforts of the friends of humanity. In the United States, Liberty found a soil congenial to her nature; the way was prepared for the compleat triumph of her charms; we freely admitted her influence into our hearts, and prepared an immortal dome for her residence in a just equal and energetic government.
In Europe she has to encounter corruption in every form, gigantic prejudices, and the darkness of ignorance among the great mass of the people: The rays of reason have however gloriously broke in upon their minds, "the night is far spent, and the day is at hand," and we doubt not that the time is not far distant when with one voice the world shall proclaim, that tyranny shall be no longer!
Tentanda via est.
The commercial enterprizes of the Americans have been crowned with a success unequalled, but by the unexampled boldness and originality which characterised their formation. Every thing, therefore, which assumes the least countenance of practicability, may very properly be unfolded to speculation. It is a known fact, that the populous city of Constantinople derives its subsistence by the way of the Archipelago : this, during a war with a maritime power, renders a supply precarious and contingent. A eminent writer, thoroughly conversant in the polity of the Turks, relates, that during the whole of a former war, "neutral vessels only were employed in carrying corn on the Grand Seignor's account; and the Porte gave the French a preference very profitable to their merchants. I must not omit (says he) to mention in this note a speculation of commerce, capable of enlightening the policy of nations:—An English vessel, loaded with rice, from Carolina , failed directly for Constantinople , induced by accounts published in newspapers; she was consigned to no one, but sold her cargo in the harbour." Gen. Adv.
Married, on Tuesday the 13th inst. at Friends' Meeting, Mr. JOSEPH JAMES, Printer, to Miss HOPKINS, daughter of Mr. Samuel Hopkins, all of this City.
At Newport, Rhode-Island , JOHN COFFIN JONES, Esq. to the amiable Miss ELIZA CHAMPLIN, daughter of Christopher Champlin, Esq. of that place.
   From PELOSI'S MARINE LIST.   ARRIVALS at the PORT of PHILADELPHIA.     Ship Succes , Pitt , Lisbon   Apollo , Billings , Oporto   Atlantic , Swaine , Liverpool   Brig Planter , Poole , St. Croix   Mary , Moll , Barbadoes   Prince of Wales, Dawson , Newfoundland   Schooner Two Brothers , Baker , Havanna        PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES.   FUNDED DEBT.     6 pr. Cents 20/6 20/9 pr. £. 103 3/4 pr. cent.   3 pr. Cents 11/9 57 1/2 do.   Deferred 6 pr. Cents 12/ 60 do. do.      UNFUNDED DEBT.      
Forty Dollars Reward.
LAST night was broke open the Store of the subscriber, at Bordentown , and stolen from the same the following articles, viz. One hair trunk, containing womens' wearing apparel; 1 small box, containing four clocks and one dozen testaments; 1 ditto containing one bottle green cloth coat, one striped vest and breeches, two shirts and a small bag with 36 dollars and 20s. to 30s. Jersey coppers; 1 keg containing a large bible, with other small books; 1 box containing 447 real ostrich feathers, some of them large and elegant, and of different colours; 2 barrels rye meal, branded Stout and Imlay; 1 barrel pork, 1 ream paper, and 1 dozen paste-boards.—Stolen at the same time, a large Batteau, with black sides.
A reward of Twenty Dollars will be given for the security of the above property, so that the owners may have the articles again, or in proportion for part thereof; also a further reward of Twenty Dollars will be given for the security of the perpetrator or perpetrators, so that they may be brought to justice, by
JOHN VAN EMBURGH.
Bordentown, New-Jersey, Sept. 1, 1791. [eptf]

NEW CONSTITUTION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF POLAND, &c. &c. (CONCLUDED.)
ARTICLE VII.
The King, or Executive Power.
THE King's Council of Inspection is to consist, 1st, Of the Primate, as the head of the Clergy, and the President of the Commission of Education, or the first Bishop in Ordine.
2d, Of five Ministers, viz. the Minister of Police, Minister of Justice, Minister of War, Minister of Finances, and Minister for the Foreign Affairs.
3d, Of two Secretaries to keep the Protocols, one for the Council, another for the Foreign Department; both, however without decisive vote.
The hereditary Prince coming of age, and having taken the oath to preserve the Constitution, may assist at all sessions of the Council, but shall have no vote therein.
The Marshal of the Diet being chosen for two years, has also a right to sit in this Council, without taking any share in its resolves; for the end only to call together the Diet, always existing in the following case; Should he deem, from the emergencies hereunder specified, the convocation of the Diet absolutely necessary, and the King refusing to do it, the Marshal is bound to issue his circular letters to all Nuncios and Senators, adducing real motives for such meeting.
The cases demanding such convocation of the Diet are the following:
1st. In a pressing necessity concerning the law of the nation, and particularly in case of a neighbouring war.
2d. In case of an internal commotion, menacing the revolution of the country, or of a collusion between magistratures.
3d. In an evident danger of general famine.
4th. In the orphan state of the country, by demise of the King, or in case of the King's dangerous illness.
All the resolutions of the Council of Inspection, are to be examined by the rules above mentioned.
The King's opinion, after that of every Member in the Council has been heard, shall decisively prevail.
Every resolution of this Council shall be issued under the King's signature, countersigned by one of the Ministers sitting therein; and thus signed, shall be obeyed by all executive departments, except in cases expressly exempted by the present Constitution.
Should all the members refuse their countersign to any resolution, the King is obliged to forego his opinion; but if he should persist in it, the Marshal of the Diet may demand the convocation of the Diet; and if the King will not, the Marshal himself shall send his circular letters as above.
Ministers composing this Council cannot be employed at the same time in any other commission or department.
If it should happen that two thirds of secret votes in both Houses, demand the changing of any person, either in Council, or any Executive department, the King is bound to nominate another.
Willing that the Council of Inspection should be responsible to the nation for their actions, we decree that, when these Ministers are denounced and accused before the Diet (by the special Committee appointed for examining their proceedings) of any transgression of positive law, they are answerable with their persons and fortunes.
Such impeachments being determined by a simple majority of votes, collected jointly from both Houses, shall be tried immediately by the comital tribunal, where the accused are to receive their final judgment and punishment, if found guilty; or to be honorably acquitted, on sufficient proof of innocence.
In order to form a necessary organization of the Executive power, we establish hereby separate commissions, connected with the above Council, and subjected to obey its ordinations.
These commissions are, 1st, of Education; 2d, of Police; 3d, of War; 4th, of Treasury.
It is through the medium of these four departments that all the particular orderly commissions, as established by the present Diet, in every palatinate and district, shall depend on, and receive all orders from the Council of Inspection, in their respective duties and occurrences.
GEORGETOWN, September 9, 1791.
THE Sales of the Lots in the Federal City will commence on Monday the 17th day of October next. The Commissioners finding they may engage materials and workmen for the public buildings to any desirable extent; with a view to draw the fund into action, so as to facilitate the work, instead of a deposit of 8 per cent. will require 1-4th part of the purchase money to be paid down, the residue to be on bonds with security, payable with interest in three equal payments. The manner of improvement will be published at the sale.
THOMAS JOHNSON, DAVID STUART, DANIEL CARROLL, Commissioners.
IMPERIAL HYSON, SOUCHONG, and BOHEA
TEAS
REFINED SUGARS, COFFEE, & SPICES, &c. &c.
Of the first quality—by retail,
No. 19,
Third-Street, between Chestnut and Market Streets.
LOTTERY TICKETS.
New-Jersey, 2d Class—to commence drawing 26th inst. } Post-Massachusetts Semi-annual, 2d Class, 13th October. } tively May be had as above.
IF THOMAS FRANKS, lately of Little York, in Virginia, (but originally of Scarborough, in Yorkshire, Great-Britain) will make himself known, together with his present place of residence, either to his brother JOHN FRANKS, who is now in this Port, or to the subscriber, he will hear of something greatly to his advantage. THOMAS ROBINSON.
Portland, (District of Maine) August 29, 1791.
P.S. In case of the decease of Mr. FRANKS, his legal heir or heirs are requested to forward their names and places of abode to Mr. ROBINSON, as above.
W. M C DOUGALL'S
DANCING SCHOOL,
Is now opened at his School-Room, No. 28, Carter's Alley.
HE returns his sincere thanks for the great encouragement he has experienced these eighteen years; hopes the reputation of his school for decorum and good order, as well as the performance of his scholars, will still ensure him a respectable share of the public favor.
A number of new Cotillions and Country Dances will be taught during the season.
Those who please to honor him with the tuition of their children, may be assured, they will be taught in the most approved stile, and that proper attention will be paid to their carriage and manners.
A general practising for the improvement of the scholars, will be held at the New Rooms, every other Wednesday; when the employers, and strangers of genteel deportment, will be admitted. These practisings will be attended with no expence.
N.B. An EVENING SCHOOL will be opened for grown Gentlemen, as soon as a sufficient number offer.
Philadelphia, September 14, 1791. (t. f.)
LOUISIANA.
ALL those persons who have an inclination to settle on the rich lands of the Mississippi, can have a passage to New Orleans about the 20th of October next. Each single man on his arrival there, will have a grant of two hundred and forty acres of land, in fee simple, gratis, without rents or taxes; and each married man, a larger quantity, in proportion to the number of his family. For further particulars, enquire of Messrs. STEWART & NESBITT, No. 15, South Water-Street.
Philadelphia, Sept. 7, 1791. [6:]
PUBLIC SECURITIES,
BOUGHT and SOLD, on COMMISSION, by SAMUEL ANDERSON, Chestnut-Street, next door to the Bank, No. 97. MASSACHUSETTS SEMI-ANNUAL,
AND NEW-HAVEN
LOTTERY TICKETS,
To be had at the same place.
PINTARD and BLEECKER,
PURCHASE and SELL all kinds of
Certificates & Public Securities,
On COMMISSION, at public and private sale, on the following terms:
ON the specie amount of all sales or purchases at auction, one eighth per cent.
On ditto of all sales or purchases at private sale, on all sums below 5000 nominal dollars, one-half per cent.; and on all sums above 5000 nominal dollars, one-fourth per cent.
For receiving interest at the Loan-Office, one per cent.
For making transfers at ditto, one dollar each transfer.
Such persons throughout the United States, as may be pleased to favor the subscribers with their orders, may rely on their being executed with punctuality, fidelity and dispatch, as considerable experience in the public stocks, together with extensive connections in the city of New-York and different parts of the continent, enable them to conduct their operations with peculiar advantages.
PINTARD & BLEECKER,
New-York, No. 57, King-Street.
March 15, 1791. (97 1aw 6m)
Public Notice is hereby given,
to all to whom these presents shall come, or in any wise concern, That JAMES GARDNER, late of Wilmington, North-Carolina, deceased, did make four promissory notes payable to SAMUEL JACKSON, of Philadelphia, Merchant, all bearing date the 19th July, 1785, one for three hundred and seventy-one pounds, payable in six months—one for seven hundred and forty-two pounds, in nine months—one for seven hundred and forty pounds, in twelve months—and one for seven hundred and forty-five pounds, thirteen shillings and three-pence, in fifteen months, amounting in the whole to two thousand five hundred and ninety-eight pounds, thirteen shillings and three-pence, and payable in produce at Wilmington:—Which said notes have been assigned by the said Samuel Jackson to THOMAS MACKIE and Co. and JAMES HOOD, Merchants, Philadelphia, and have since, in the life-time of the said Gardner, by him been accounted for and paid in part to the amount of two thousand and forty-seven pounds, fifteen shillings and six-pence, to the said THOMAS MACKIE, and Co. in proof of which the subscribers have sufficient vouchers.
These are therefore to caution all persons from purchasing said notes as they will not be taken up.
THOMAS WRIGHT, ROBERT SCOTT, M. R. WILLKINGS, Executors.
Wilmington, North-Carolina, 27th May, 1791. (e p. 3 m.)
PHILADELPHIA, 20th July, 1791.
THE Commissioners appointed to receive Subscriptions to the Bank of the United States, do hereby, agreeable to law, inform the Stockholders of the said Bank, that an election for twenty-five Directors will be held at the City-Hall in Philadelphia, on Friday the 21st day of October next, at 10 o'clock in the morning.
THOMAS WILLING, DAVID RITTENHOUSE, SAMUEL HOWELL.
Blank Powers to receive the Interest, and for the transfer of the principal of public debt, agreeable to the Rules established in the Treasury Department: Also Blanks for abstracts of Certificates, to be sold by the Editor.
PRICE CURRENT.—PHILADELPHIA.
PER QUANTITY.
SEPTEMBER 24.—DOLLARS at 7/6.
Table with multiple columns listing various goods (Anchors, Allum, Beer, Boards, Beef, Butter, Candles, etc.) and their corresponding prices in dollars and cents.
Published, and to be sold by the Editor, price 4th of a Dollar,
TWENTY-SIX LETTERS,
On the most important Subjects, Respecting the REVOLUTION of AMERICA.
Written in Holland in the year 1780. By the VICE-PRESIDENT of the United States.
The price of this Paper is 3 Dollars per ann.