Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1791-10-22 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 51, of Vol. III.]
SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1791.
[Whole No. 259.]
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
A SAMPLE ORATION,
Very suitable to be worn in the pocket, and delivered at Quarter Races, County Meetings, or volunteer State Conventions, as occasion may require.
MEN, BRETHREN, & COUNTRYMEN!
IT is the pure unbiaffed flame of liberty, which, while it consumes, still inspires me this day to address you. As to property, I have none; thank heaven, I divested myself of all yellow dirt, all filthy lucre, in those blest days when I was a Committee-man, and watched night and day, in public houses, for the public good.—Property, gentlemen, is like “the accursed thing,” touch it but lightly, and let it pass. It is the mother of aristocracy—that lusty young strumpet on whom the wicked well-born are determined to beget not even a moderate sized, a limited brat, but a thumping great absolute Monarchy.
The virtuous Romans had agrarian laws; but our selfish peasant-souled farmers will not divide their farms; nay, nor will they even divide the annual produce of them, with those patriotic preachers and apostles, who take no heed for tomorrow. A Numarian law would be a rich blessing—Oh how it would gladden the hearts, and gild with pleasure the faces, of the true disciples, to serve once more on Committees, whose business it should be, at least once in three years, to inspect the chests and coffers of the overgrown purse-proud man, or the paltry muckworm, who toiled with the dirty view of “laying up pelf against a rainy day,” and divide their ungodly spoil amongst the pure lovers of liberty.
A Numarian law is not an object to be despair of. In order to gain the landholders, it is only necessary to convince them, that it is their interest to pare commerce to the quick—to keep, as it were, “its nose close to the grindstone”—That the landed interest is one thing, and the monied is another, is very plain—You cannot, gentlemen, carry land enough in the largest portmanteau, to pay your travelling expences;—a monied man will do precisely the reverse—he will carry cash enough in a small pair of saddlebags to buy a large farm, and thus lord it over us. Was there ever a patriotic land-holder that speculated and grew rich, by land-jobbing, by loans of money, or loans of cattle, at an high interest?—You all say no, with a truth most incontrovertible.
I have heard it reported that there is one State in the Union of no mean size, that would not suffer land to be touched by that harpy the law. If this is true, it is a glorious example, a noble policy. A new-made landed man laughs his monied dupe creditor in the face, with virtuous scorn. There is one evil that has been little attended to. There is a kind of natural aristocracy arising from the powers of the mind—Nature has given to some men enormous wealth in this way, and when she adds to it that specious kind of integrity which will not sacrifice petty private claims or property for the public good, this aristocracy then comes to be of a very dangerous nature. It is a government of influence that does not even require money—View the American Court, and tremble. The head of the system, and all the coadjutors, ought speedily to be ostracized and banished. I would not spare even their appendage, the specious Court Printer, whose aristocratical Gazette is pervading and poisoning the streams and sources of information throughout this country, it is said. I believe we need not go far for an independent, plain-mouthed, Printer to succeed him.
I would not go too far at once, nor shock with an instant total change—I would however weed this rank garden, with a liberal hand. For a beginning, I would remove the Secretary of the Treasury, and appoint some young Broker in his place—the Secretary of State should be succeeded by a Watch-maker turned Silver-smith—I would make some clean banded Quarter-Master, or Continental Loan-Officer, Treasurer—the Associate Judges should be selected from a very patriotic little Eastern State—the Chief Justice should be the great Law Reformer, in the District of Maine, who is the glory of Massachusetts Bay—For Secretary of War, I would chuse their worthy reinstated fellow-citizen—Daniel Shays, Esq.
VENTOSO.
For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES.
SONNET.
THO' blooms no more the rose upon my cheek, Tho' lost the hazel lustre of mine eye, Yet does that eye my soft affection speak, And gaze on thee, as on a cloudless sky; For pure thou art, and full of harmony; Bright as in heaven shines the morning star, So beams thy beauteous foul upon thy face, And shews no malice, or no mental war Moves in thy mind, to break thy blissful peace. But oh my ANNA, with thy wonted grace, Continue still my pensive soul to chear, Watch o'er my spirit with thy tender care, So shall thy power bid the rose appear, And light mine eye, and charm away despair.
CHAMONT.
CONSTITUTION OF FRANCE.
(Continued from our last.)
IV. THE legislative body has the right of determining the place of its sitting, of continuing them as long as it shall think necessary, and of adjourning: at the commencement of each reign, if it is not sitting, it shall be bound to meet without delay:
It has the right of police in the place of its sitting, and to such extent around it as shall be determined:
It has the right of discipline over its members; but it can pronounce no heavier punishment than censure, arrest for eight days, or imprisonment for three:
It has the right of disposing, for its safety and the respect that is due to it, of the forces, which shall be establishment by its consent, in the city where it shall hold its sittings.
V. The executive power cannot march, or quarter, or station, any troops of the line, within thirty thousand toises of the legislative body, except on the requisition, or by the authority of that body.
SECTION II.
Holding of the Sittings, and form of Deliberating.
I. The deliberations of the Legislative Body shall be public, and the minutes of the sittings shall be printed.
II. The Legislative body may, however, on any occasion, form itself into a General Committee.
Fifty members shall have a right to demand it:
During the continuance of the General Committee, the assistants shall retire, the Chair of the President shall be vacant, order shall be maintained by the Vice-President:
The Decrees cannot be passed, except in a Public Sitting.
III. No Legislative Act can be debated and decreed, except in the following form:
IV. The plan of a Decree shall be read thrice at three intervals, the shortest of which cannot be less than eight days.
V. The discussion shall be open after every reading; nevertheless after the first or second reading, the Legislative Body may declare that there is reason for adjournment, or that there is no room for deliberation—in this last case, the plan of the Decree may be introduced again in the same session:
VI. After the third reading, the President shall be bound to propose to their deliberation, and the Legislative Body shall decide, whether they are qualified to pass a definitive Decree, or would rather chuse to postpone their decision, in order to gather more ample information on the subject:
VII. The Legislative body cannot deliberate, if the sitting do not consist of at least 200 Members; and no Decree shall be made, except by the absolute majority of votes:
VIII. No plan of a law which, after having been submitted to discussion, shall have been rejected after the third reading, can again be introduced the same session:
IX. The preamble of every Definitive Decree, shall announce, 1st, The dates of those three sittings, at which the plan of the decree was read; 2d, The Decree by which it shall have been appointed after the third reading to decide definitively;
X. The King shall refuse his sanction to the Decrees, whose preamble shall not attest the observance of the above forms; if any of those Decrees be sanctioned, the Ministers shall neither put to it the seal, nor promulgate it, and their responsibility in this respect shall continue six years:
XI. Excepting from these regulations, Decrees recognized, and declared urgent by a previous deliberation of the Legislative Body; but they may be modified or revoked, in the course of the same session.
SECTION III. OF THE ROYAL SANCTION.
I. The Decrees of the Legislative Body are presented to the King, who may refuse them his assent.
II. In the case of a refusal of the Royal Assent, that refusal is only suspensive. When the two following Legislatures shall successively present the same Decree in the same terms in which it was originally conceived, the King shall be deemed to have given his sanction.
III. The assent of the King is expressed to each Decree, by the following formula, signed by the King: “The King consents, and will cause it to be executed!”
The suspensive refusal is thus expressed; The King will examine,
IV. The King is bound to express his assent or refusal to each Decree within two months; after that period, his silence is deemed a refusal.
V. No decree to which the King has refused his assent, can be presented to him by the same Legislature.
VI. The Legislative Body cannot insert in Decrees relative to the establishment or continuance of imposts, any regulation foreign to that subject, nor present, at the same time, for sanction, other Decrees as inseparable.
VII. The decrees sanctioned by the King, and those which have been presented to him by three successive legislatures alone, have the force, and bear the name and title of laws.
VIII. Excepting however from sanction, those acts of the legislative body, which relate to its constitution, as a deliberating assembly;
its interior police;
The verification of the powers of the members present;
The injunctions to the absent members;
The convocation of the primary assemblies in case of delay;
The exercise of constitutional independence over the administrators;
Questions of eligibility on the validity of elections;
Exempting likewise from sanction, acts relative to the responsibility of ministers; and all decrees importing that there is ground of accusation.
SECTION IV.
Connection of the Legislative Body with the King.
I. When the Legislative Body is definitively constituted, it shall send a deputation to inform the King. The King may every year open the Session, and propose the objects, which, during its continuance, he thinks ought to be taken into consideration; this form, however, is not to be considered as necessary to the activity of the Legislative Body.
II. When the Legislative Body wishes to adjourn longer than fifteen days, it is bound to inform the King, by a Deputation, at least eight days previous to the adjournment.
III. Eight days, at least, before the end of each Session, the Legislative Body shall send a Deputation to the King, to announce to him the day on which it proposes to terminate its sittings; the King may come in order to close the Session.
IV. If the King find it of importance to the welfare of the State, that the Session be continued, or that the adjournment be put off, or take place only for a shorter time, he may send a message to this effect, on which the Legislative Body is bound to deliberate.
V. The King shall convoke the Legislative Body during the interval of its Session, as often as the interest of the State shall appear to him to require it, as well as in those cases which the Legislative Body shall have foreseen and determined previous to their adjournment.
VI. Whenever the King shall visit the place of meeting of the Legislative Body, he shall be received, and conducted back by a deputation; he cannot be accompanied into the inner part of the Hall by any except Ministers.
VII. The President can in no case form part of a Deputation.
VIII. The Legislative Body shall cease to be a Deliberating Body whilst the King shall be present.
IX. The acts of correspondence of the King with the Legislative Body, shall be always countersigned by a Minister.
X. The Ministers of the King shall have admission into the Legislative National Assembly, they shall have a particular place; they shall be heard on all the subjects on which they demand a hearing, and as often as they shall be called upon to give explanations.
CHAPTER IV.
Of the Exercises of the Executive power.
I. The Supreme Executive power resides exclusively in the hands of the King:
The King is the Supreme Head of the general administration of the kingdom; the care of watching over the maintenance of public order and tranquility is entrusted to him:
The King is the Supreme Head of all the land and sea forces:
To the King is delegated all the care of watching over the exterior security of the kingdom, and of maintaining its rights and possessions.
II. The King names Ambassadors and the other agents of political negotiations; He bestows the command of armies and fleets, and the ranks of Marshal of France and Admirals;
He names two-thirds of the Rear-Admirals, one half of the Lieutenant-Generals, Camp-Marshals, Captains of ships, and Colonels of the National Gendarmerie;
He names a third of the Colonels and Lieutenant-Colonels, and a sixth of the Lieutenants of ships;
The whole in conformity to the laws with respect to promotion.
He appoints in the Civil Administration of the Marine, the Directors, the Comptrollers, the Treasurers of the Arsenals, the Masters of the Works, the Under-Masters of Civil Buildings, half of the Masters of Administration, and of the Under-Masters of Construction;
He appoints the Commissaries of the tribunals;
He appoints the Commissioners of the National treasury, and the Superintendants in Chief of the management of Contributions indirect;
He superintends the coinage of money, and appoints the Officers entrusted with this superintendence in the General Commission and the Mints;
The effigy of the King is struck on all the coinage of the kingdom.
III. The King orders Letters Patent, Brevets, and commissions to be delivered to all the public Officers that ought to receive them.
IV. The King orders a list of pensions and gratifications to be made out for the purpose of being presented to the Legislative Body each Session.
SECTION I.
Of the Promulgation of Laws.
I. The executive power is entrusted with ordering the seal of State to be put to laws, and causing them to be promulgated.
II. Two copies of each law shall be made, both signed by the King, countersigned by the Minister of Justice, and sealed with the seal of the State;
The one shall be deposited in the archives of the seal, and the other shall be sent to the archives of the legislative body.
III. The promulgation of laws shall be in these terms:
“N. (the King's name) by the Grace of God, and the constitutional law of the State, King of the French, to all present and to come, greeting. The National Assembly has decreed, and we will and ordain as follows:
[Here a literal copy of the decree shall be inserted without any variation.]
“We command and ordain to all administrative bodies and courts of justice, to cause these presents to be transcribed on their registers, read, published, and posted up in their departments, and respective places of resort, and executed as a law of the realm; in witness of which, we have signed these presents, to which we have caused the seal of the State to be put.”
IV. If the King is a minor, laws, proclamations, and other acts proceeding from the royal authority during the regency, shall be conceived in these terms:
“N. (the name of the regent) regent of the kingdom, in the name of N. (the King's name) by the grace of God, and the constitutional law of the State, King of the French,” &c.
V. The executive power is bound to send the laws to the administrative bodies and courts of justice, to see that they are sent, and to answer for it to the legislative body.
VI. The executive power cannot make any law, not even provisional, but merely proclamations, conformable to the laws, to ordain or enforce the execution.
(To be continued.)

PHILADELPHIA, OCTOBER 22.
Monday last the Grantham Packet, Captain Bull, arrived at New-York from Falmouth, with the September Mail, after a passage of 35 days. By this vessel are received London Papers to the 8th of September, extracts from which are as follows.
L O N D O N, August 24.
A PROPOSAL was made in the National Assembly of France, on Tuesday last, that the Primary Assemblies should meet in two years to declare their assent to, or dissent from, the New Constitution. Upon motion of M. d'Andre, this was rejected, and the following decree passed:
"The nation has the imprescriptible right of reviewing the Constitution when it pleases; but the National Assembly declares, that its interest directs the exercise of this right to be suspended during thirty years."
The assemblies of revision are not included in this decree.
In the last ministerial note which passed between the Russian minister and the ministers of the allied courts at Peterburgh, it was agreed that a period of four months should be given the Turks for concluding the definitive arrangement of peace; it was further agreed that an immediate armistice should take place, as soon as the Porte had given its consent to the basis of the pacification.
The Minister of the Elector of Hanover has published a notification, the substance of which is, that the King, his master, will co-operate in the important business now agitating, and conform to every thing which the welfare of the Constitution, the dignity of the Germanic body, and the duties of a state of the Empire may be construed to require. The notification, however, dictates more discussion and deliberation than has hitherto been entered into on a business of so much importance.
Sept. 6. The new duties and regulations for warehousing corn take place on the 15th of November next.
Mariners trading to and from the ports of Waterford, Rosk, &c. are informed, that a new lantern has been erected on the Tower of Hook, which is to be lighted with oil lamps, reflectors & lenses, instead of coals. This important improvement is to commence the 29th of September, and so to continue thereafter from sun-set to sun-rise throughout the year. The light will be steady, appearing the same in a storm as in a calm, and not liable to disappear like that of the coals when stirred, or affected by the wind.
The new buildings to be erected by government for the accommodation of the Secretaries of State, are estimated at 160,000l.
Declaration of the Emperor, in conjunction with the Courts of Berlin, London, Madrid, Turin, Naples, and Petersburg.
"The undersigned are ordered by their respective Sovereigns to make known the following:
"That notwithstanding the glaring force and violence which both preceded and succeeded the acts of consent drawn from the King of France to the decrees of the National Assembly, yet they had withheld their opinions as to the free will of his Christian Majesty in the consent above-mentioned, but that the attempt made by that Monarch to obtain his freedom was an undoubted proof that both his religion, and his will, had been violently forced, and that the formal arresting of the King, Queen, Dauphin, and Madame Elizabeth, occasions grounded anxiety as to the further views of the opposing party.
"That the before-named Sovereigns can no longer forbear expressing their feelings, and declaring the resolutions which they have been induced to take in the present situation of affairs, and which the honor of their Crowns, the ties of friendship, and the earnest with for the good order and peace of Europe, require of them, and they have charged the undersigned Ministers to declare in their names,
"1st. That they look upon the cause of the King of France as their own; that they require that that Prince and his family be immediately set at liberty, and free to go where they please, and to restore to his Majesty that sacred honor and submission due from a people to their Sovereign by all the laws of nature and civil Society.
"2dly, That the Sovereigns will unite to oppose and revenge any further attempts against the security of the persons, or the honor of the King, Queen, and any of the Royal Family.
"3dly, That they will not acknowledge any other constitution as legal in France but what has the unequivocal approbation of the King, given when he is at full liberty to act as he pleases.
"And that if no such legal constitution is settled, they will jointly use every means to put an end to that spirit of anarchy and confusion so contrary to the regularity and good order which it is the duty of all governments to cherish and support."
[Signed by the different Ministers.]
Sept. 7. The number of troops in Luxemburg does not exceed 4,000. In proportion as order and tranquility appeared to be restored in the interior parts of France, the Austrian troops, partly to prevent desertion, and partly for less expensive accommodation, have been withdrawn from the French frontiers.
An attempt to effect a counter revolution, by foreign force, must now be the dream of another summer.
Cardinal de Lomenis, or, to speak more properly, the Bishop of Sens, is chosen one of the members of the new French Legislature.
The suspicion that the King of Sweden intends some hostility towards France, increases every day in Paris, by the addition of some new circumstances. He lately sent M. Fersen, one of his officers, to meet the Emperor at Vienna, and is reported to have promised joining the German Princes with 16,000 Swedes.
Sept. 8. The French National Assembly has at length finished its labours in forming a Constitution, and the Assembly is about to dissolve, without having taken notice of the exiled Princes, or of the governor to the Dauphin. In respect to the former subject, they have shown evident fear of doing any thing which may tend to widen the breach.
We have the best authority to believe that the French King will not attempt to alter one tittle of the new constitution about to be presented to him.
The University of Paris have sent a requisition to the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, for the purpose of obtaining a copy of the statutes and regulations upon which those learned Seminaries are founded and conducted.
EAST INDIA HOUSE.
Yesterday there was a court of directors at the East India House, for the purpose of breaking open the dispatches brought home by the Hawke from Madras.
The dispatches, containing a minute account of the siege and taking of Bangalore, with a list of the killed and wounded, which were sent officially immediately after that victory by Lord Cornwallis to Madras, fell into the enemies hands. The accounts therefore brought to the India House are made up from private letters sent some days after to Madras.
India stock yesterday rose to 192 per cent. for ready money.
In consequence of the late favorable intelligence, India Stock, which on Saturday was at 186 1-4, rose yesterday to 189 1-2 a 191 1-2. At half past one o'clock the price was 191.
V I E N N A, August 24.
Last Sunday a courier arrived at the house of Prince Gallitzin, the Russian Ambassador, from Prince Repnin, with news, that on the 11th inst. the preliminary articles of peace between Russia and the Porte were signed at Galatz by him and the Grand Vizier.
W A R S A W, August 17.
An answer has been received here from the Court of Dresden, to the note remitted to it on the subject of the Succession by the Cabinet of Warsaw; but the inclination of the Elector to accept the Crown of Poland, is not expressed with the warmth that was expected.
B E R L I N, August 23.
The interview of Piltz is fixed for the 25th of August, and his Majesty, to be there, will quit the camp of Schilcke on the second day, and proceed to Dresden by way of Upper Lusatia. Conjectures are very numerous concerning the objects which will be treated on in the conferences between three of the greatest Princes in Europe, and the arrangements of which they will endeavor to fix the basis, as well as the reciprocal agreements or condescensions which they will make, &c.
P A R I S, September 2.
In the session of the 31st ult. the National Assembly decreed, that,
 1st. When three successive legislatures shall express an uniform desire to revise some of the constitutional articles, a revision shall take place.  2d. The fourth legislature shall be charged to examine the articles which the three former legislatures wish to be revised.  3d. The members of the third legislature cannot be chosen for the next. 
The Abbe Montjolar, Member of the National Assembly, threw himself out, yesterday, from a third story in the rue Neuve St. Marc, and was killed on the spot. His having taken the Civic Oath so affected him, that he could not be persuaded but it was the most damnable action of which a man could be guilty.
On the 16th ult. the Procureur Syndic General of Paris issued out his writ to the Electors of the department to assemble on the 26th, for the purpose of proceeding to the election of deputies for the new Legislature.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF FRANCE.
Decree of the 14th of June,
RESPECTING MECHANICS.
I. The abolition of every species of incorporation of citizens of the same estate and profession, being one of the fundamental bases of the French Constitution, their re-establishment, under whatsoever pretext, and in what form soever, is prohibited.
II. Citizens of the same estate or profession, undertakers, those who keep shops, workmen, journeymen of whatsoever trade, cannot, whilst they are together, assume the titles of president, secretary, or syndic, nor keep registers, pass deliberations, or form regulations respecting their pretended common interests.
III. All administrative and municipal bodies are forbid to receive any address or petition under the denomination of a profession; or to return any answer to it. They are likewise enjoined to declare null and void all deliberations formed in such manner, and attentively to watch lest they be carried into execution.
IV. If, contrary to the principles of liberty and of the constitution, any number of citizens, of the same profession, art, or trade, shall form deliberations, and enter into a mutual compact, to refuse in concert or to afford only at a certain regulated price, the assistance of their industry or their labor—such deliberations and compacts, whether accompanied by an oath, or not, are declared to be unconstitutional, encroaching on liberty, and the declaration of the rights of man, and are null and void: and the administrative and municipal bodies are bound to declare them so.—The authors, chiefs and instigators, who have given rise to them, drawn them up, or presided on the occasion, shall be summoned before the tribunal of the police, at the instance of the attorney of the commons,—condemned to a fine of 500 livres each, and suspended for one year from the exercise of the rights of active citizens, and from entering the assemblies.
AUGUST 25.
The question on the admissibility of the princes of the blood royal to the political rights of citizens, was taken into consideration. Messrs. Guillaume, Voydel, and Robertpierre, contended that these rights should be obtained for the princes, and that no difference should exist between them and the multitude. Others affirmed, with M. de Sillery, that to deprive the princes of these rights would be to degrade them.
M. Goupil was of a different opinion, and said, that this exclusion would not prevent them from being useful to the state; it would not, for example, deprive M. d'Orleans of the advantage of again appearing at the head of our fleets. At these words an alarming noise took place, together with loud applauses, which formed a singular contrast to the silence of M. d'Orleans and his friends.
Messrs. Barnave and Muguet endeavoured to show the absurdity of putting on a level with other citizens, those men whom the nation had pensioned to enable them to give a brilliancy to their rank. The discussion being closed, it was decreed, That the princes should enjoy the rights of active citizens.
With respect to their eligibility to places to which the people have a right to appoint, division was demanded, which, upon being had recourse to, gave a majority of 267 to 180, that the Princes should be ineligible to places conferred by the people.
AUGUST 26.
A decree was passed, stating that the vases and utensils of bronze or of copper, belonging to the suppressed churches, should be employed, like the metal of bells, in the coinage of small money.
On a report made by a member of the committee of alienation, the assembly transferred to the King's Commissioner, administrator of the extraordinary bank, the direction of the sale of national effects.
It was decreed, That the members of the King's family should hereafter be called only by their Christian names, followed by the title, as Prince Francoise , &c.
SEPTEMBER 1.
M. Dupont moved, that the Constitutional Act, after being once again read over, should be presented to the King, and that no power on earth should be capable of making any change in it.
After a warm debate it was decreed, on the motion of M. Camus, that the Constitutional Act shall not be presented to the King till after being read over, and a declaration by the Assembly that there is nothing more to add to it.
Notice was given, that two of the departments had already nominated their deputies to the approaching Legislature. A Member proposed that every Legislator, on his arrival at Paris, should cause his name to be inscribed in the archives of the National Assembly, "that when we should have finished our labours," said he, "we may know if our successors have assembled in sufficient number to occupy our places."
This proposal was adopted.

EDENTON, October 7.
From the Newbern Paper of the 1st inst.
This town was on Wednesday last visited by an unhappy conflagration, which has destroyed its most flourishing part. The fire broke out at noon, in the house of Philip Roche, a tavern-keeper, on the county wharf. The loft of that house being filled with fodder, the flames suddenly made their appearance through its roof, and almost instantly reached the contiguous houses—the wind blew from the north-east. The stores of Messrs. Kennedy, Geroch, and Lawrence were almost at once in a blaze, and had they been blown up, all further damage would have been prevented.
The fire soon reached across Craven and Front streets, to the old coffee house, Mr. Donnels and Mr. Thomlinson's stores. Nine houses on the east side of Craven street, and seven on the water side of Front street, were reduced to ashes. The north-west corner of Craven and Front street, commonly called Ogden's corner, was next attacked, and every house in both directions was burnt down as far as the corner of middle street on one side, and Messrs. Manning and Byrne's store on the other were destroyed. The two last buildings were blown up.
Sixty-three houses were destroyed, as well as an immense quantity of goods. The loss sustained on the occasion amounts to upwards of one hundred thousand pounds.
Philip Roche and his wife were last evening committed to gaol; many respectable inhabitants having evinced their apprehensions that these people (whose house it is supposed was intentionally set on fire) would again attempt to burn the town.
PITTSBURGH, October 8.
Extract of a letter from an officer in the federal army dated Fort Washington, Sept. 18, 1791, to his brother in this place.
"We arrived here the 8th instant, after a long, though very pleasant passage. We were dogged by Indians, but never got sight of more than two of them. We rescued a boat of a Mr. M'Maken from the clutches of a party of 12, who, but for our interposition would undoubtedly have taken her.
"My regiment is, together with the whole of the troops, except one company which is doing garrison duty here, encamped 20 miles from hence, where they are erecting fortifications: we wait for a body of 1000 militia from Kentucky. I presume our force will be sufficient to confront any body of savages that can possibly exist together.
"I am a member of a court of enquiry on our friend Brig. Gen. Harmar; we have been sitting five days, and have not got through half the testimony; every thing that has yet transpired places Harmar's conduct in the most respectable point of view, and entitles him to the thanks of his country; his line of March, his encampment, and order of battle, may be equalled but not surpassed by any general, either ancient or modern. His exertions were great, and the loss he sustained could not have been avoided, situated as he was. I mention these things to you because I know you will rejoice to hear the malice of his calumniators' defeated, and that this much injured man will have his character placed in its true light."
BOSTON, October 12.
Six per Cents, in the Funds of the United States were at the sailing of Capt. ROGERS from London, at 21/, on the pound.
On the 23d of August the Emperor of Germany, with his eldest son, and the King of Prussia, with his eldest son, arrived at the palace of the Elector of Saxony, at Dresden; and on the 25th, Mr. Fawkener, the English Envoy, arrived also at Dresden from Peterburgh and Warsaw.
On the same day arrived also at Dresden, the Count d'Artois, the Marquis de Bouille with his son, Monsieur de Calonne, and the Prince of Nassau.
Mr. J. Nebon, who was a passenger on board the French Packet, Le Suffrein, which arrived at New-York, on the 24th of Sept. last, informs, that on the 19th of said month, in lat. 39. 47. long. 67. 30. they spoke the Brig Sukey, Capt. Robert Stevenson, from Newbury-Port, for Gaudaloupe.
The Captain and Passengers of the Packet, with to inform, that they being very short of water desired a relief from Capt. Stevenson, who, with his wonted generosity, supplied them with a hoghead, instead of a smaller quantity, which they desired; not only so, but insisted on their taking such fresh provisions, as would make them comfortable and all without receiving any recompence, except those grateful acknowledgments, which were unavoidable from persons relieved from distress.
DIED at Portsmouth, universally lamented, JOHN PARKER, Esq. late Marshal for New-Hampshire District, and Sheriff for the county of Rockingham.
Philadelphia, October 22.
Members of Congress arrived in town since Wednesday.
Senators —Hon. PAINE WINGATE, New-Hampshire. GEORGE CABOT, } Massachusetts. CALEB STRONG, } ROGER SHERMAN, } Connecticut. THEODORE FOSTER, } Rhode-Island. JOSEPH STANTON, } BENJAMIN HAWKINS, } North-Carolina. Representatives —Hon. BENJ. GOODHUE, } Massachusetts. FISHER AMES, } ARTEMAS WARD, } SAMUEL LIVERMORE, } New-Hampshire. NICHOLAS GILMAN, } JEREMIAH SMITH, } JEREMIAH WADSWORTH, } Connecticut. JONATHAN TRUMBULL, } JONATHAN STURGES, } LARNED, } JAMES HILLHOUSE, } BENJAMIN BOURNE, } Rhode-Island. ELIAS BOUDINOT, } New-Jersey. W. B. GILES, } JAMES MADISON, } Virginia. HUGH WILLIAMSON, } North-Carolina.
There is the greatest probability that a quorum of both Houses of Congress will be in town on Monday.
GENERAL ELECTION.
Return of Northumberland County. Congress—Andrew Gregg. Assembly—Samuel Maclay, John White. Sheriffs—Flavel Ruan, Thomas Giant. Return of Northampton County. Congress—Daniel Heister. Assembly—Jacob Evvly, Thomas Mahorter, Thomas Hartman, Peter Burkhalter. Return of Lancaster County. Assembly—Joseph Woik, Abraham Carpenter, Abraham Whitmer, John Breckbill, James Morrison, and James Old. Sheriff—John Miller. Alexander Scott is elected a Senator in the Legislature of Pennsylvania, in the room of Alexander Lowry, resigned.
In consequence of the successes of Lord Cornwallis, Tippoo Sultan has made overtures for treating of peace.
The authenticity of the declaration said to be made by the crowned heads of Europe respecting France, is much doubted.
The late decrees issued by the King of Spain, respecting foreigners resident in that kingdom, appear to have been productive of much perplexity; one explanatory edict after another has been published; but it is very much expected that the effect of these regulations will prove directly the reverse of what was intended.
Two British merchants residing at Alicante, Messrs. Keith and McDonald, for declining to conform to the new ordinance, were imprisoned; but on a representation to the English Ambassador, were immediately released.
By the Paris intelligence received by the Packet, we find that the French Constitution had not been presented to the King on the second of September.
According to the new Constitution of France, the number of Representatives is to be 745; which, according to a calculation, is about one Representative to thirty-five thousand inhabitants. The English is one to 16,128, and the Irish, one to 13,339.
The National Assembly of France have ordered rewards of 200,000 livres to the persons concerned in arresting the flight of the King—Drouer the Postmaster receives 30,000, and Saug the Procureur to the Community of Varennes, 20,000.
Extract of a letter to a house in this city, dated London the 7th Sept. received by the Packet.
"Mr. Hammond goes out immediately as Envoy from our Court to the United States of America.—Mr. Edward Thornton is appointed his Secretary."
"The crops of wheat, &c. are plentiful beyond description in every part of the kingdom."
In the Grantham Packet came passengers, the Hon. Mr. Hammond, Consul General from the Court of Great Britain to the United States, with his Secretary; and several Ladies and Gentlemen.
The Governor of Massachusetts has appointed Thursday the 17th of November, to be observed as a day of thanksgiving and praise throughout that Commonwealth.
The following, when the riot at Birmingham is remembered, appears to be the effect of an extra impulse:
Directions where to be found, left by a gentleman of London, before he went to the Revolution Dinner.
With Freedom's sons, a band divine, The good, the gen'rous and the wife, I at the CROWN AND ANCHOR dine, And sup perhaps in Paradise.
Revolutions in government are always attended with hazard, and should never be attempted without a manifest prospect of making that good, which was bad before—but the misery of the business is, that the remonstrances of the people are seldom attended to by rulers, till their patience being exhausted, there appears to be no other alternative left but that of obeying the impulses of resentment and passion, which too often overpower the voice of reason and judgment.
In the cause of Liberty, it has been said, it is impious to be calm; but is there any subject that demands the sober, cool deliberation of man, more than this?
A just estimation of the precious blessings of freedom is the result of dispassionate reasoning. How to secure effectually the invaluable possession, has employed the wit, wisdom and study of the wisest and best men in all ages—and yet, alas, how many different ideas distract the world!—It will be found, when all the subtleties of logic and metaphysics are exhausted, "Tis from experience that we reason best."
A correspondent says he trembles for the liberties of Frenchmen, on account of the combination of crowned heads against France; but at the same time observes, that if the people are united among themselves, and confide in the National Assembly, they will prove invincible. The free men of France will be more than a match for all the slaves of Europe.
The same correspondent observes, that the friends of philosophy and liberty, wherever resident, must regret the inseparable loss which those interests have sustained in the destruction of Dr. Priestley's Manuscripts—The fatal effects of a blind zeal in a partial cause, directed by the impulse of fanaticism and prejudice.
But oh, the glorious hour is on the wing; Pregnant with every joy that peace can bring; When Freedom's sacred laws shall guard the whole, Without one slave from Indus to the pole.
The annual reviews of the militia (that bulwark of freedom) in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New-Hampshire, have recently taken place.
A correspondent observes, that it is of the utmost importance to the influence and respectability of every particular State in the Union, that its militia should be well disciplined, as well as duly equipped. On the general persuasion of the truth of this suggestion, and its consequent improvement, will in a great measure depend that equipoise of strength so necessary to the tranquillity of the Union.
An enlightened people will ever be attentive to those measures on which the preservation of a free government depends. Perhaps the interposition of the general government is not more necessary in any business than in that of establishing a uniform plan for the regulation of the militia—for without this interference, it is very evident that the disparity in the relative power of the several States, already very apparent, will continue to encrease. This disparity may in time produce jealousies, and injustice.
Yesterday, pursuant to notification, the Stockholders of the Bank of the United States, assembled at the City Hall, of this city, for the purpose of chusing 25 Directors according to law—when the following gentlemen were elected:
  George Cabot  William Bingham    Fisher Ames  James Cole Fisher    Jonathan Mason, jun.  Herman Le Roy    Joseph Barrell  John M. Nesbitt    Jeremiah Wadsworth  Robert Smith    Philip Livingston  Thomas Willing    John Watts  Archibald M c Call    John Lawrance  Charles Pettit    Rufus King  Charles Carroll, M.    James Watson  Dr. James M c Clure, V.    Nicholas Low  Samuel Johnston, N. C.    Joseph Anthony  William Smith, S. C.    Joseph Ball   
Yesterday the PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, and his Lady, returned to the Seat of Government, from their late tour to Mount-Vernon, in perfect Health.
The following is copy of a return made by Capt. O'Brien, at Algiers, to the Russian Consul at Gibraltar:
AMERICANS AT ALGIERS, THE 15th of MARCH, 1791. Crew of the ship Dolphin , Captured 30th of July, 1785.
   Zequins     Capt. Richard O'Brien, ransom demanded 2000   Mate Andrew Montgomery 1500   Jacob Serfainer, French Passenger 2000   William Patterson } keeps tavern 1500   Philip Sloan 725   Peleg Loring } Seamen 725   J. Robertson 725   James Hall 725   Crew of the Schooner Mary, taken the 25th of July, 1785.   Capt. Isaac Stevens 2000   Mate, Alexander Forsyth 1500   James Cathcart, keeps tavern, 900   George Smith, in the Dey's house } Seamen 725   John Gregory 725   James Harnet 725  
  Algerine Zequins, 16475   Duty payable on the above sum at 10 per cent. 1647½   Sundry gratuifications to officers of the Dey's household and regency, equal to 17 1-6 Zequins, each person 20 4½   34792 Mexican dollars are Zeque. 18,362 5-6 
Married, NATHAN BLODGET, Esq. to Mrs. BLAND, widow of the Hon. Theodorick Bland, late of Cawson, Virginia.
From PELOSI'S MARINE LIST. ARRIVALS AT THE PORT OF PHILADELPHIA.
  Ship Elizabeth,  Stonehouse,  Liverpool    Van Staphorst,  Potter,  Amsterdam  
PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES.
   FUNDED DEBT.     6 pr. Cents 21/ 21/6 pr. £. 107½ pr. cent.   3 pr. Cents 12/ 60 do.   Deferred 6 pr. Cents 13/ 65 do.   UNFUNDED DEBT.   Final Sett. and other Certificates 16/8 17/ 85 do.   Indents 10/6 52½ do.   Bank Subscriptions, 140 Dollars.  
JOHN PINTARD, SWORN BROKER & AUCTIONEER, PURCHASES AND SELLS PUBLIC DEBT of every description, on Commission, at the following rates:
ON the specie amount of all sales at auction, one eighth per cent. On ditto at private sale or purchase, one-half per cent. On remittances, ditto. Receiving interest at the Loan-Office, one per cent. on the amount of the interest.
For making transfers at ditto, seventy-five cents per transfer. Such persons as may incline to favor the subscriber with their orders, may rely on their being executed with punctuality, fidelity and dispatch. His long experience and extensive dealings in the public stocks, together with a well established correspondence throughout the United States, enable him to conduct his operations with peculiar benefit to his employers.
JOHN PINTARD, New-York, No. 57, King-Street.
October 15, 1791.
A Young Gentleman, of American birth and education (being a graduate) would for a liberal compensation engage as Tutor in a family, or take charge of an Academy, to teach the Latin and English Languages. He has had some experience in teaching, and trusts he can exhibit satisfactory recommendations. Any letters upon this subject, post paid, addressed to A—S, and the care of the Editor hereof, prior to the 25th December, will be punctually attended to.
October 22, 1791.
[12w]
WANTED, A NUMBER OF Journeymen Cordwainers, Who will find constant employment and generous wages, by applying to the Master Cordwainers of the City of Philadelphia.
October 22, 1791.
[eptf]

FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
MR. FENNO, The following paragraph originally appeared in a much more limited form—by publishing it with the additions, you will oblige The Author.
CHARITY.
13th Chap. 1st Corinthians, versified.
THO' I enraptured wake the unrivall'd lyre, Warm'd with the Muse's or a seraph's fire, In various tongues sublimest wonders tell, Describe the joys of heaven, the woes of hell— Tho' I the lofty heights of science gain, And art's and nature's mysteries explain— Tho' skill'd profoundly in prophetic lore, With piercing ken futurity explore— Tho' I have faith sufficient to sustain And hurl the ponderous mountains to the main— Devoid of Charity, I shall be found, Vain as a shadow, empty as a sound. Were I possessed of affluent India's store, And unreferv'd dispense it to the poor— Tho' I resign my body to the flame, To gain a martyr's or a hero's name— While selfish motives actuate my soul, And every nobler sentiment controul, Void of benevolence, I still remain As nothing empty, as a shadow vain. Celestial Charity, supremely kind, Illumes, expands, and animates the mind, To noble and disinterested deeds, Allures to holiness, to glory leads, Disdains each selfish and contracted plan, And seeks the general happiness of man— Unenvied views the splendors of the great, And honors merit in the humblest state— On human frailties casts a pitying eye, And heaves with woe the sympathetic sigh— Weighs variant tenets with an equal scale— Exulting, sees, o'er error, truth prevail— With pristine beauty re-instamps the foul, Pervades each passion, and sublimates the whole; Dispels each vile affection from the breast, And opens the regions of eternal rest To every nation, and to every sect Who fear Jehovah, and his name respect. Calm resignation on her votaries waits, To smooth the rugged paths of adverse fates; And patience mild, dispensing as she goes, Her lenient balm, amid a world of woes; And brilliant faith, each dreary scene that cheers, And opens the feasts of heaven's perennial years; Hence suffering merit lifts a hopeful eye, And views those happier scenes beyond the sky, Where equity, enthroned, forever reigns; Where endless pleasures triumph o'er the plains; Where friendship, love, and joy united meet, And injured virtue finds a blest retreat. Hail peerless virtue, loveliest of the train— Fair Charity!—extend thy mild domain O'er every land, till war and discord cease, And every nation join in leagues of peace— Till sin and error from their seats are hurl'd, And pure religion luminates the world. When art, when science, and prophetic lore— When various languages are known no more— When final ruin o'er the world extends— When faith in vision, hope in glory ends— This godlike virtue Charity divine, Thro' vast eternity shall brighter shine— Awake to praises the celestial choirs, Attune their lays, and animate their lyres.
HOLY BIBLE.---Royal Quarto.
MR. THOMAS, of Worcester, Massachusetts, most respectfully informs the public, that he has this day completed the Old and New Testaments of his Royal Quarto Edition of the HOLY BIBLE. The Apocrypha and Index, &c. will be finished with all the dispatch the nature of the work will admit.
Such Gentlemen as hold SUBSCRIPTION PAPERS, he begs will return them to him at Worcester, or to him and Company at Boston, by the last day of November next, and as much sooner as they conveniently can.
He is happy to inform the public, that the work has been examined by many gentlemen, clergymen and others, and has met with their highest approbation; both as to the execution of the printing, its correctness, and its cheapness compared with English copies of the same size and quality.
As this very laborious and exceedingly expensive undertaking, is carried on solely at his own cost, he is led to hope that all those who wish to possess a large Family Bible, will so far encourage this laudable undertaking of their countryman, as to add their names to the subscription.
Worcester, Sept. 29, 1791. ISAIAH THOMAS.
TO BE SOLD,
And possession given immediately,
That pleasantly situated FARM
Whereon the subscriber now lives.
IT lies on the road from Princeton to Brunswick, about a mile and a half from the former. It contains 213 acres, whereof 47 are woodland, upwards of 30 meadow, and 20 more may be made. Also a young orchard of 200 apple trees, besides a variety of peach and cherry trees, and a large garden; the whole under good fence. There are on the premises a two story stone house and kitchen, with an elegant piazza, the whole painted and finished. Also, a smoke-house, work-shop, granary, waggon-house; barracks cow-houses, two stories high and 90 feet long, and a good barn, with stabling. From the buildings there are charming views of Princeton, the neighbouring farms, and Monmouth hills. Any person inclining to purchase, may know the terms by applying to the subscriber on the premises, or to ISAAC SNOWDEN, No. 141, South Second-street, Philadelphia.
Princeton, October 10, 1791. ISAAC SNOWDEN, Junior. [cp 2m]
Lectures on Government & Law.
THE Honorable JAMES WILSON, L. L. D. Professor of Laws in the College and Academy of Philadelphia, proposes to deliver, next Winter, two Courses of Lectures. One Course to begin on the Second Monday, the other on the Second Tuesday of December.
WILLIAM ROGERS, Secretary to the Board of Faculty, Philadelphia, October 12, 1791. [cp 1D]
IMPERIAL HYSON, SOUCHONG, and BOHEA
T E A S,
REFINED SUGARS, COFFEE, & SPICES, &c. &c.
Of the first quality—by retail,
No 19,
Third-Street, between Chestnut and Market Streets.
HAZARD and ADDOMS,
B R O K E R S,
HAVE removed their Office to the corner of Chestnut and Third Streets—where they purchase and sell CERTIFICATES, BANK STOCK, &c. &c.
Business of all kinds, in their line, transacted on Commission. They have for sale, TICKETS in the Second Class of the Massachusetts Semi-annual Lottery (the drawing of which will commence on the 13th inst.) and in the Twenty-Second Class of the Charlestown Lottery, at the Managers prices.
To be let, on moderate Ground Rent, forever, A Lot of Ground, eligibly situated, in Kensington, fronting on three streets. There are improvements on this lot, which, added to its situation, make it worthy of particular attention. Philadelphia, Oct. 1, 1791.
PUBLIC SECURITIES,
Bought and Sold, on COMMISSION, by
SAMUEL ANDERSON,
Chestnut-Street, next door to the Bank, No. 97.
MASSACHUSETTS SEMI-ANNUAL,
AND NEW-HAVEN
LOTTERY TICKETS,
To be had at the same place.
Funds of the United States.
ALL kinds of the Public Debt of the Union, bought, sold, or exchanged; Foreign and Inland Bills of Exchange negotiated; Merchandise of all sorts bought and sold on Commission, and all other Business in the line of a Broker, transacted by
WILLIAM CLELAND,
At the Office next door to the Custom-House,
State-Street, BOSTON. 2m
W. M'DOUGALL'S
DANCING SCHOOL,
Is now opened at his School-Room,
No. 28, Carter's Alley.
HE returns his sincere thanks for the great encouragement he has experienced these eighteen years; hopes the reputation of his school for decorum and good order, as well as the performance of his scholars, will still ensure him a respectable share of the public favor.
A number of new Cotillions and Country Dances will be taught during the season.
Those who please to honor him with the tuition of their children, may be assured, they will be taught in the most approved stile, and that proper attention will be paid to their carriage and manners.
A general practising for the improvement of the scholars, will be held at the New Rooms, every other Wednesday; when the employers, and strangers of genteel deportment, will be admitted. These practisings will be attended with no expense.
N. B. An EVENING SCHOOL will be opened for grown Gentlemen, as soon as a sufficient number offer.
Philadelphia, September 14, 1791. (t. f.)
New-Haven Wharf Lottery.
THE MANAGERS of NEW-HAVEN WHARF LOTTERY, have unexpectedly received information from abroad, of a considerable number of Tickets yet unsold. This renders it necessary for them (in order to answer the design of the Lottery) to adjourn the drawing to Monday the 17th of October next, at which time the drawing will positively re-commence, and continue without interruption until finished.
New-Haven, Sept. 28, 1791.
N. B. The numbers already drawn, both prizes and blanks, will be published immediately, in hand-bills, and in the Connecticut Journal, for the information of those who wish to purchase Tickets now undrawn.
Forty Dollars Reward.
LAST night was broke open the Store of the subscriber, at Bordentown, and stolen from the same the following articles, viz. One hair trunk, containing womens' wearing apparel; 1 small box, containing four clocks and one dozen teapots; 1 ditto containing one bottle green cloth coat, one striped vest and breeches, two shirts and a small bag with 36 dollars and 20s. to 30s. Jersey coppers; 1 keg containing a large bible, with other small books; 1 box containing 447 real ostrich feathers, some of them large and elegant, and of different colours; 2 barrels rye meal, branded Stout and Imlay; 1 barrel pork, 1 ream paper, and 1 dozen paste-boards.—Stolen at the same time, a large Batteau, with black sides.
A reward of Twenty Dollars will be given for the security of the above property, so that the owners may have the articles again, or in proportion for part thereof; also a further reward of Twenty Dollars will be given for the security of the perpetrator or perpetrators, so that they may be brought to justice, by
JOHN VAN EMBURGH.
Bordentown, New-Jersey, Sept. 1, 1791. [cp 1D]
Wanted, a good COOK,
To whom genteel wages will be allowed. None need apply who cannot be well recommended. Enquire of the Printer.
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA,
October 7, 1791.
The MEDICAL LECTURES will begin on the first Monday in November next.
ADVERTISEMENT.
BY late arrivals from France, the Editor has received from No. 10 to 31, both inclusive, of a Publication which comes out twice a week in Paris, entitled, "CORRESPONDANCE NATIONALE." From No. 1 to No. 10, have been shipped, but are not yet come to hand. Any person who may incline to subscribe for this work, which appears to be ingenious, impartial and patriotic, may be furnished with the numbers as they arrive by applying to the Editor of this Gazette.
Blank Powers to receive the Interest, and for the transfer of the principal of public debt, agreeable to the Rules established in the Treasury Department: Also Blanks for abstracts of Certificates, to be sold by the Editor.
The JOURNAL of the THIRD SESSION of the SENATE of the UNITED STATES, may be had of the Editor hereof.
PLAN OF THE
Gazette of the United States.
EARLY and authentic accounts of the Proceedings of Congress, communicated so as to form an history of the transactions of the National Government.
II. Laws, &c. of the United States.
III. Impartial Sketches of the Debates of Congress.
IV. Essays on the great subjects of Government; also upon the local and national rights of the American citizens, as founded in nature, or on the national or state Constitutions; and on other subjects suitable for newspaper discussion.
V. A series of Paragraphs, calculated to catch the "living manners as they rise," and to point the public attention to objects that have an important reference to domestic, social and public happiness.
VI. The Interests of the United States, as connected with their literary Institutions; religious and moral objects; improvements in Science, Arts, EDUCATION and HUMANITY; their foreign treaties, alliances, connections, &c.
VII. Intelligence which may affect the commercial, agricultural, manufacturing, or political interests of the American nation.
VIII. A chain of Domestic Occurrences.
IX. A series of foreign articles of Intelligence.
X. The state of the Funds; Courses of Exchange; Prices Current.
CONDITIONS.
Published every WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY.
The price to subscribers, THREE DOLLARS per annum.
The first semi-annual payment to be made at the time of subscribing: The second at the end of the year.
SUBSCRIPTIONS
Will be received in all the capital towns upon the Continent; also at No. 69, High-Street, between Second and Third Streets, Philadelphia.
ORIGINAL ADDRESS.
TO THE PUBLIC.
AT this important crisis, the ideas that fill the mind, are pregnant with events of the greatest magnitude—to strengthen and complete the union of the States—to extend and protect their commerce—to explore and arrange the national funds—to restore and establish the public credit—will require the energies of the patriots and sages of our country—Hence the propriety of encreasing the mediums of knowledge and information.
AMERICA, from this period begins her national existence—"THE WORLD IS ALL BEFORE HER"—the wisdom and folly—the misery and prosperity of the empires, states, and kingdoms, which have had their day upon the great theatre of time, and are now no more, suggest the most important mementos—these, with the rapid series of events, in which our country has been involved, have taught the enlightened citizens of the United States, that freedom and government, liberty and laws, are inseparable.
This conviction led to the adoption of the new constitution; for however various the sentiments, respecting the merits of this system, all GOOD MEN are agreed in the necessity of an efficient federal government.
A paper, therefore, established upon national, independent, and impartial principles—which shall take up the premised articles, upon a COMPETENT PLAN, it is presumed, will be highly interesting, and meet with public approbation and patronage.
The Editor of this publication is determined to leave no avenue of information unexplored:—He solicits the assistance of persons of leisure and abilities—which, united with his own assiduity, he flatters himself will render the Gazette of the United States not unworthy general encouragement—and is, with due respect, the public's humble servant,
April 15, 1789.
THE EDITOR.
POSTSCRIPT.
THE plan and execution of the GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES, have received the approbation of a tribunal, from which there is no appeal.
The subscriptions, which are encreasing, have long since exceeded the expectations of the publisher—a punctilious compliance with the terms would compensate his labours, and animate his future exertions.
The Government that an enlightened and free people adopt, is a sacred consideration—it knows no party—and its prosperity is founded on the public good.
While the people are just to themselves, the administration of their affairs will be committed to men of integrity and competent abilities; and it will be the duty of patriotism to impress the public mind with favorable sentiments of the measures of government.
Our country continuing enlightened and free, the period cannot be anticipated when a publication on the plan of this Gazette shall involve a dereliction of those principles with which the liberties and happiness of the United States are connected.
With respect to the circulation of this paper, the Editor regrets the recent disappointments which have unavoidably taken place—he has always been fully impressed with the importance of punctuality, and cannot charge himself with a single instance of remissness.
It is very generally supposed that Congress, at the ensuing session, will take measures to ensure the circulation of NEWS-PAPERS in the United States; and particularly their transmission from the Seat of Government to all parts of the Union. Justice, policy and patriotism, plead irresistibly in favor of some effectual provision being made. The following pertinent and judicious observations on this subject, lately appeared in an address to the public from the Editor of the GAZETTE OF MAINE. They are substituted in preference to any thing which the editor of this paper might further suggest, more particularly as coming from a remote quarter of the Union.
"Perhaps there is no country, in any part of the world, the inhabitants of which are, (or may be) supplied with public Newspapers at a cheaper rate than those of America. The Farmer and the Merchant, the Laborer and the Mechanic, may, by the means of a public Paper, when he retires from the business and fatigues of the day, take a view of the situation, the circumstances and the various revolutions of the several countries of the civilized world—And it must be a pleasing circumstance, that this is the privilege, emphatically the privilege of an American."
"Let it therefore be remembered, that by virtue of this privilege, the body of the people constantly obtain and preserve such a degree of knowledge as shall be competent to the prevention of any attempt that may be made by cunning and designing men to lay the foundation of our most invaluable constitution. But, let the circulation of these Vehicles of Public Information be circumscribed, and the people will at once become uninformed of public transactions, and the more enlightened few will engross the privileges, immunities and prerogatives, which in the nature and sense of things, are the indefeasible right of the whole body of the people."
"It is presumed no American will need a stimulus of this nature to furnish himself with public information. The cheap rate at which it is offered, the love and glory of our country, will at all times promote such a mode of conduct, as shall forever bar the attempts of tyranny, ignorance and superstition."
Several of the first volumes of this Gazette are wanted—costs, and the original cost, will be paid for them by the Editor.