The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1801-10-19 00:00:00

The National Intelligencer,
AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. I. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, NEW-JERSEY AVENUE, NEAR THE CAPITOL.
No. CLII.
FIVE DOLLS. PER ANN.
MONDAY OCTOBER 19, 1801.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
TO SUBSCRIBERS.
THE period is approaching when, according to the original and indispensable terms of The NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, each subscriber will be required to pay Five Dollars in advance for his second year. As the chief support of the paper depends upon subscriptions, it is confidently hoped that subscribers will be punctual in their remittances, which may be made in any Bank Paper, or in Gold, the postage being paid.
A considerable number of subscribers of respectability, as far as the Editor is acquainted with their characters, have requested papers, which have been accordingly forwarded, under the unequivocal engagement to render immediate payment. This, in many cases, has not been done. Unless payment be soon made a discontinuance of their papers will be unavoidable.
In order that each Subscriber may be informed in time duty to make remittances the period of payment and the sum required to be paid will be stated on his Paper, in general some time before hand. After such notice, immediate payment will be expected, nor will any subscriber, it is hoped, take off once at a discontinuance of his paper in case payment is not made, as the heavy expenses attending a Newspaper cannot be defrayed without the regular remittances of subscriptions.
Some misconception of the provisions of the post-office law existing, the Editor informs his subscribers, that the mode of stating his accounts was not adopted, until he had obtained the approbation of the Post Master General. On examination it will be seen, that the existing law does not, though the previous law did, prohibit such statement.
FOR SALE,
A HANDSOME Saddle Horse with saddle and bridle.—An elegant solid mahogany desk and book case, with a collection of valuable books, among which is Beyer's large Atlas, best edition.
And to be Let,
A Frame House 18 feet by 14, on square No 728.
GEORGE WALKER.
Washington, Oct. 16, 1801. ep3t
FOR SALE,
A Negro Girl, about fourteen or fifteen years of age, who can do all kinds of house work, &c. Apply at the office of this paper.
October 12. ep3t.
To be Rented.
THE subscriber will rent by the year, or during the session of Congress, four large, convenient three-story BRICK HOUSES—they are well calculated for Boarding Houses, being all situate on the Capitol Hill, and the nearest Houses to the Capitol; two of them adjoin the well known tavern occupied by Mr. Stille the other two are situate equally convenient to the Capitol. Any person qualified to keep such houses may know the terms by applying to
DANIEL CARROL of Du'dn.
Sept. 28. ep3t.
CONVEYANCERS OFFICE,
AND
OFFICE FOR SALE OF CITY LOTS,
On the Pennsylvania Avenue fronting the President's Square, near Rhodes's tavern, City of Washington,
THOMAS HERTY has connected with the business of drawing Conveyances of Land, Wills, Mortgages, Leases, Bonds, Assignments powers of Attorney, petitions, and every other species of deed or contract in the profession; that of buying, selling and leasing lots and houses in the City, negotiating loans, &c.
His long experience as a draftsman, and knowledge of the laws relative thereto—the knowledge which he has acquired by residence of the situation of City Lots, and how their titles have been acquired, or are liable to be affected; together with his impartial and strict regard to the interest of those who may be pleased to employ him, will, he hopes, secure to him a continuance of public patronage.
Titles to real property investigated, and opinions given thereon when required.
For sale a great variety of Lots, in desirable situations in the City.
N. B. At the above office may be had, his Abridgement of the Laws of Maryland, price 6 dollars. Also his Digest of the Laws of the United States, price 3 dollars. As the Laws of Maryland are in full force on this side the Potomac, it behoves settlers to avail themselves of that information which affects their lives, liberties and property. He who is without a knowledge of his "rule of conduct" is like a stranger in his native land.
May 4. 22W4W. IAWA
From a London Paper.
PROBABILITIES OF PEACE IN EUROPE.
The present moment certainly presents very flattering hopes of a speedy reconciliation between France and Great Britain. It is evident that Buonaparte, contrary to the peculiarity of his character, has some what used a tone of moderation, when speaking of the English. The language of the Moniteur, the Official Paper of the First Consul, has lately exhibited a disposition of the most pacific nature. The professions of Mr. Addington in favour of peace—the renewed interview between Mr. Hawkesbury and M. Otto—this frequent communications on the part of the latter with the Cabinet of the Thuilleries—the fortunate adjustment of differences with the Powers of the Baltic, and the final triumph of the English in Egypt, all promise the speedy accomplishment of the great and desirable object. When contemplating, therefore, a reconciliation of differences between two great rival nations, after nine years obstinate and sanguinary war—a war of Giants, when compared with any of those which preceded it—the mind of man, wearied by the exhibition of so many disastrous and bloody scenes, dwells with delight on the consolatory idea of returning peace and unclouded days.
But how much of the illusion of that idea is lost, when we quit this general view, in order to examine the different obstacles that will occur in the negotiations to frustrate the wish of humanity! It is at the very moment when France proclaims its moderation, the only basis of a suitable peace, that its ambitious projects are more and more developed. After having declared in 1792, that it wished not to make conquests, and that it only fought for Liberty, we saw it soon afterwards invade all the countries situated to the West between its ancient frontiers and the Rhine, and to the East and South as far as the Alps. After having since declared, it required no other limits but those which that River and the Mountains had fixed for France, we see the Consular Republic seeking to enrich itself at the expence of Switzerland, and demanding of the latter a cession of the important country of the Valois, in order that it might be united with Piedmont, finally designed to be incorporated with the mother republic. Thus by establishing itself beyond the two great chains of the Alps, it will be enabled to rule with despotic sway over the rest of Italy, and subject that important country to its empire.
If we may believe the reports in circulation, Spain is to pay for the establishment of the Duke of Parma in Tuscany, and its intended union with Portugal, by ceding the provinces of Catalonia and Biscay to France, and thus give the latter the same influence in Spain which it possesses in Italy by the acquisition of Piedmont. Who can therefore calculate on the immeasurable extent of the Consular ambition? or what conquests will suffice to gratify its devouring avidity?
But sufficient attention seems not to have been paid to the seeds of eternal wars, the elements of political dissolution, which the First Consul has spread over the whole surface of the Continent. The imagination is lost in contemplating the ravages which the system of the indemnities will produce in Germany; and the Petty States, inflamed, perhaps, by Prussia, and Russia may be the means of a new contest, equally fierce and bloody as the last. It is well known that the King of Prussia views with jealousy and alarm these transactions, and that in ratifying the treaty of Berlin he has reserved to himself the personal influence and immediate interference in the execution of the partitions.
If we turn our attention to the East, it offers to us similar results. The interests of the New French Government, as well as of the old, are essentially linked with the preservation of the Turkish Empire in Europe. It is through the apathy of that Government that France has always been
able to maintain a commercial preponderance in the Archipelago, and the Levant. The wish of exciting against us an enemy in the Emperor of Russia, has induced the First Consul to propose to him the execution of the old project of Catharine II. for the invasion of European Turkey; but that proposition, always opposed or eluded by the antient French Government is only employed by the present as a Machiavellian trick. It must perceive that the Russians if masters of that interesting country, would carry on the trade themselves, and rule in the Mediterranean. By the Secret articles of the treaty of Luneville, the Emperor of Germany it is said, is to be partner in the division of European Turkey, to recompense him for the sacrifices he has already made to France. Sooner or later, we shall perhaps see the two Emperors engaged in fierce conflict for this bone of contention: and while they are fighting to decide who shall have the greatest share, it is then that the Consular Government, recovered from the shocks of the Revolution, will seek to profit by their division and their weakness, to assert that ascendancy which France has always expected in the Mediterranean. Such is the first view in which the pacific system of Buonaparte presents itself—a system conceived for revolutionising all Europe—if some exterminating Power, should not arrest the Hero, or some benignant Genius dissipate these destructive elements.
LIFE OF WILLIAM GODWIN.
Mr. Godwin received the earliest part of his education from a school-master in his father's neighborhood. To discover what accidents have assisted in forming the habits of a great mind is one of the most beneficial purposes of biography. Mr. Godwin's first master seems to deserve a portion of the praise that belongs to those who have sensibility to perceive talents in their germ, and generosity to contribute to their growth with patient culture. He was a man above the ordinary rate of persons of his employment in so obscure a spot as that in which he kept his school; and, having a good deal of penetration, and still more enthusiasm and benevolence, he soon openly declared that young Godwin was such a child as had never come under his observation before.
From this master, with whom it is probable Mr. Godwin acquired something better than the mere rudiments of such branches of learning as were taught in his school, he was sent to Norwich to pursue his studies under a private tutor; and from Norwich, was removed to the Dissenters' college, at Hoxton, near London, where he remained five years under the tuition of Dr. Kippis, editor of the New Biographia Britannica, and Dr. Rees, editor of Chamber's Cyclopaedia. The ordinary course of studies at Hoxton included the classics, Hebrew, logic, ethics, divinity, rhetoric, the mathematics, natural philosophy, and pneumatics.
Of Mr. Godwin's progress at the college little is known, and therefore it is probable there was nothing uncommon in it. He is said to have had a very small party there, by whom he was not only extremely beloved, but considered as infinitely superior to his fellow students; and these are said to have avenged themselves by ridiculing him and his little faction.
It was usual for the young men at Hoxton, who were designed for ministers of the dissenting church, to preach in London and its vicinity during the last year of their abode at the college. Mr. Godwin followed the practice; but it does not appear that he excelled his fellow students. In 1778 he entered regularly on the office of a dissenting minister, the functions of which he continued to discharge for the four years immediately succeeding, chiefly at Stowmarket, in Suffolk, where he had a congregation.
It well deserves to be noticed, that Mr. Godwin adopted the opinions of the Calvinists, although his teachers at Hoxton held the doctrine of Arminius. This, probably, was among the first fruits of that investigation that eminently marks his character.
In the scheme of Calvinism, there is much to attract a religious mind having the intrepidity to pursue an argument through all its consequences.
In 1782, he removed to London, with the resolution of trusting to literature for the means of his future subsistence. It is not to be expected, that we have been able to trace the progress of Mr. Godwin's mind from the time of his assuming the office of a dissenting minister to his laying it down. The more minute and curious parts can be known, with such accuracy as will justify the motives that make an investigation of that nature at all useful, only to himself, and must, in part, have escaped even his recollection; but Mr. Godwin, having early acquired the habit of close observation and profound research, is, no doubt, acquainted with many of the more subtle, as well as the palpable, operations of a change in opinions and feelings, perhaps without example for its extent; and it is his duty, as it is that of every man in his circumstances, to furnish the world with a history so important in the study of human nature. We have before us, however, a prodigy in its outward appearances. We find Mr. Godwin rigidly orthodox, till about the year 1783; and, in 1792, a writer, whose freedom of inquiry and fearlessness of deduction gave alarm not only to orthodoxy in religion, but to bigotry of every species. All that we have been able to discover, beyond that outside, is the very early existence in his character of a love of knowledge. Throughout the whole of his inquiries, first in religion, and afterwards in ethics, he never was to be satisfied till he had penetrated beyond the veil that at once bounds the discussions of the hypocrite and the perceptions of the ignorant.
With such a temper, something was to be expected from Mr. Godwin when he dedicated himself wholly to literature, and all his habits were of a nature to favor his pursuit. He was studious, patient, indefatigable, and extremely moderate in his expenditure. He soon perceived he could earn his bread with little labor; and what was infinitely important to the completeness of his success, without any sacrifice of his ease and understanding to the multitude. Nor did he care how little more than bread he earned. To excel in his art was what he more immediately desired; and to be the successful advocate of truth, his ultimate and greatest ambition. Bearing these noble motives in his bosom, he was not impatient to appear before the public as a writer; and we are not to be surprised, that, for more than nine years after literature was his occupation, he was an obscure individual, except where accident had thrown him into the way of men who could distinguish talents while they were employed in collecting the materials of future success.
Mr. Godwin began his literary life in 1782; and it was not till 1792, or rather the beginning of 1793, that Political Justice was published. He had no reason to expect of the severe discipline he had imposed on himself. Within a few weeks of the appearance of that work, his immediate object, the acquisition of fame and its consequent power in the application of his talents, was obtained. He was not merely known to the public, but was ranked at once among men of the highest genius and attainments.
The principles contained in Political Justice had all the appearances and many of the effects of self-evident axioms. To understand the terms, and adopt the propositions of the work, were so nearly inseparable, that it was a fact that some very great and learned men, in expressing an abhorrence of its doctrines, could not conceal the secret that their detestation of Political Justice was chiefly occasioned by its subtlety in eluding their zeal to detect the radical error, which, from certain propositions they held to be infallible, they were sincerely persuaded lay somewhere in the work. Political Justice at once tortured their feelings and baffled their reason. They were in the situation that fanatics in religion ascribe to some of their converts, believing and denying, and ready, in the bitterness of their hearts, to curse the question for intruding itself upon them. But, while there was

this ludicrous struggle in the minds of some of the readers of Political Justice, its terms were in reality so simple and intelligible, that the work, although discussing its topics at great length and in very minute detail, was scarcely published when it was everywhere the theme of popular conversation and praise. Perhaps no work of equal bulk ever had such a number of readers; and certainly no book of such profound inquiry ever made so many proselytes in an equal space of time. Pirated editions were published in Ireland and Scotland; and people of the lower class were then purchasers. In many places, perhaps some hundreds in England and Scotland, copies were bought by subscription, and read aloud in meetings of the subscribers.
Neither the favor Political Justice obtained with the populace, nor the strange puzzle it occasioned among some of the learned, are subjects of astonishment to him who considers the nature of the work. The fundamental proposition in Political Justice is, that virtue consists in producing the happiness of society. To deny that statement is to abandon all the pretensions on which men found their claim to respect for their moral conduct. The sincere man, therefore, embraces the proposition with his whole heart; he has no need to run to a master to know its meaning or to inquire if it is congenial with his feelings: to him it is real, if visionary to all the world beside. Then time, the hypocrite is entrapped, if he ventures to open his mouth; for, he must acknowledge the truth of Mr. Godwin's statement, or formally publish a recantation of all the professions he has till that moment made of the motives of his public or social actions.
Mr. Godwin's scheme of morals is exhibited with such distinctness in his work, that we find no difficulty in giving our readers its entire outline in a few words. Virtue consists in producing the happiness of society, and is the individual interest and the general perfection of man: he is a being governed by intellectual motives: to inform his mind on every subject, to the utmost extent of human perception, would be to give him motives irresistibly inclining him to virtue, as defined above: political freedom is an essential means to the cultivation of his mind in the greatest degree; and political freedom and knowledge, successively the cause and effect of each other, would carry him on infinitely in improvement of mind and happiness of condition: by the untrained cultivation of knowledge, and universal political freedom, it is possible to make every individual happy, and happy in a higher degree than the most fortunate is at present.
It is not possible for us, in the limits of this sketch of Mr. Godwin's life, to examine the merits of the respective arguments of that writer and his opponents. But one remark is too important to this great question to be omitted. Mr. Godwin's adversaries were inconsistent in their objections: they represented him, in one and the same picture, as a visionary whose schemes were too grand to be practised, from the inherent defects of human nature, and as a systematic advocate of profligacy and vice. We are inclined to treat, with a contempt of his understanding, the person who seriously entertains the latter of these objections. It would be, indeed, to possess a bold and ardent temper, if we were implicitly to believe that men in general will ever answer all the claims that Mr. Godwin's system makes upon them of integrity, fortitude, and benevolence. But we think it may be asserted, without a probability of contradiction from those whose real object is the happiness of mankind, that it is impracticable to ascend into the region of Mr. Godwin's speculations without improvement of the heart and enlargement of the understanding, and without carrying along with us into the world, we are obliged to act in, something to purify our conduct, and ameliorate our condition.
(Remainder in our next.)
Was committed on the 20th September, as a runaway, to the jail of Washington county, District of Columbia, a Negro who calls himself DAVID BUTLER about 30 or 35 years old, of bright complexion, rather high forehead, and high cheek bones, about 5 feet 10 inches high one of his under fore teeth out, and a small space between two of his upper fore teeth; he says he is a free man—his clothes are a swandown waistcoat, double breasted, with yellow buttons, a spotted Marcellus ditto, with white and yellow stripes, a white Marcellus ditto, down his shirt, and brown linen country ditto, a pair of nansburg trowsers, and a kersey upper jacket—The owner, if any, is desired to come forward, prove his property, pay his charges, and take him away.
DANIEL C. BRENT, Marshal of the District of Columbia Sept. 28. 2awt180
WASHINGTON CITY. MONDAY, OCTOBER 19, 1801.
For about ten days past the readers of the National Intelligencer must have observed it to have been unusually barren of domestic political events and speculations. This arose from the indisposition of the Editor. As this is now, however, fortunately removed, its usual character will be resumed, and its columns exhibit their wonted variety.
On the 16th inst. arrived General DEARBORN, Secretary of War.
WILLIAM WHANN is appointed Cashier of the Bank of Columbia.
ARCHIBALD ROANE is elected Governor of the state of Tennessee.
PENNSYLVANIA ELECTION. City of Philadelphia. The Representative ticket for five members, that for Senator, for four members of the Select, and for the whole Common Council, have been carried in favour of the republican interest by a majority of 125. The number of republican votes were 1740—the number of federal, 1615.
The following are the Representatives elected: Samuel Wetherill, Hugh Ferguson, James Gamble, Robert Porter Philip Odenheimer.
The SENATOR is chosen by the city, united with the county of Philadelphia, and the county of Delaware.
The votes given are thus:     For Dr. Porter. Republican. Federal.     City, 1,740 1,615   Philadelphia County 1,986 237   Delaware, 663 703   4,394 2,555   2,555  
Repub. maj. 1,839 County of Philadelphia. The republican ticket prevailed without opposition. The following are the gentlemen elected:
William Penrose, Elisha Gordon, John Goodman, jun. Jacob Holgate, James Eagle, George Ingles.
Delaware county. The federal ticket for two Representatives prevailed by a majority of 130.
The Election for the City shews, we believe, more votes than have ever been given before. The contest, undoubtedly, was conducted on both sides with vigor, and from all that we hear with unimpeached fairness. It is the first instance in which the republicans have carried their Representatives Tickets for 13 years. It must be viewed, therefore, as a great political event. Its cause is easy to discern. The same spirit of vigilance, animated by a devotion to republican principles, which has awoke from its slumbers from the north to the south, has in Philadelphia produced the same result with that produced in almost every other district of country. In this effort, no local, no personal motives held ascendancy. The plain and bold principles of a republican government, and the resolution to support those who administer it, were the true, the only motives.
This event is an evidence, whose force cannot be evaded, that the measures of the administration of the General Government, however they may be misrepresented, will, the more they are investigated, continue the more to receive the approbation of the People, while those measures are promotive of national interest. It proves that even in those places, where the most copious stream of censure perpetually flows, those measures are not only approved, but actually acquire a gradual accession of approbation.
We trust, and we believe, that the effects of this Election will be to harmonize the unfortunate divisions, which have so long distracted the Legislature of Pennsylvania, and disabled it from doing much, which it had the power to do from its great resources, to improve the internal condition of the state, and thereby essentially to advance the prosperity and happiness of her citizens. That these truly republican effects may flow from this event; that science and the arts may be lifted to the highest eminences in their favourite seats, and universal amity may prevail where, it is hoped there will be really nothing to divide; must
be the sincere wish of every good man and genuine patriot.
MARYLAND ELECTION. TALBOT COUNTY.
   Republican.     Thomas S. Denny, 123   William Rose, 121   Edward Lloyd, 117   Nich. Martin, sen. 115  
The federal ticket had but two votes. Caroline County—Robert Orrell, Thomas Mason, William Douglass, John Tilton.—Republican.
Queen Ann's County—Charles Frazier, Joseph Thompson, Stephen Lowry, and Samuel Burget.—Republican.
Kent County—James Houston, Benjamin Hanson, John Thomas and Alexander Stuart.—Republican.
Baltimore City—John Scott and Thomas Dixon, both republicans.
Harford County—John Montgomery, Dr. Elijah Davis, James Lytle, John Forwood, jun.—Republican.
Though we are unable to state the names of all the members of the House of Delegates of Maryland, we are authorised, on good information, to say that out of 80 members of which the house consists, 54 are republican, and 26 federal,
which will give to the republican interest rather more than two-thirds of the members.
It is to be hoped that the members of the legislature of this state will assemble under the auspices of a spirit of patriotic intelligence and moderation. Much is certainly required to be done. No constitution in the union more urgently calls for revision. But while its defects are acknowledged, and while they demand a vigorous hand to extract them, too much caution and forbearance cannot accompany the operation. Prejudice by age acquires a sacredness which ought not to be wantonly sported with. Those measures are almost always the best whose effects are gradual; and the greatest good is generally effected by the reformer who, instead of attempting to do a great deal badly, succeeds in doing a little well.
On the 13th inst. the CONVENTION of the state of NEW-YORK was to assemble at Albany, for the purpose of explaining and amending the Constitution of that state. A decided majority of that body is republican.
On the 8th inst. the legislature of Connecticut convened at New Haven, and the House of Representatives chose John C. Sherman for their speaker, and William Edmond and Eliza Goodrich, for Clerk—by great majorities.
On the 10th were counted the votes for a Representative in Congress, for Connecticut, in the place of Mr. Edmund, resigned. The following is the state of the votes:
   Federal. Democrat.     Benj. Talmadge, 7021. G. Granger, 4185.   Scat. Fed. votes, 667   7688   Republican 4185   Fed. majority 3503  
This majority, though considerable, is by far the smallest which for many years has attended the federal ticket; from which it may be rationally inferred that the politics of Connecticut are not insensible to the spirit of reform, whose effects are discerned in every quarter of the union.
Appointments by the Governor of Pennsylvania.
Samuel Bryan, Comptroller-General of the Commonwealth, in the room of John Donaldson, resigned.
George Duffield, Register General, in the room of Samuel Bryan, promoted.
The Vermont papers state the re-election of J. TICHENOR, as Governor of that state, by a very large majority.
In one of the Charleston (S. C.) papers, a fever is said to "rage" in that city with "fatal violence," but to be principally confined to strangers.
From the Aurora of October 16.
The cause pending since January 1800, on the prosecution, Hellingworth vs. Duane, for an article published in this paper on the 9th of January 1800; came on yesterday in the Circuit Court, before Judges Tilghman, Basset, and Griffiths.
On the part of the plaintiff the following counsel were employed, Messrs. Ingersoll, E. Tilghman and Lewis.
The defendant appeared without counsel.
Mr. E. Tilghman opened the case. The defendant replied—
Particulars at large on a future day.
The evidence being examined, and Messrs. Ingersoll and Lewis having closed their arguments.
Judge Tilghman delivered a dispassionate charge to the Jury, and it being half past four o'clock, adjourned the court requiring the Jury to deliver their verdict without separating, at nine o'clock the next night.
Nine o'clock Thursday Evening—the Court met, and the Jury appearing, were asked if they had agreed upon their verdict. The foreman replied they had not, nor was there a prospect of it.
After some observations from the court, the jury were informed they might adjourn to their chamber until they should have agreed, and the court would receive their verdict at nine o'clock in the morning.
The human heart, in one hour, beats 3600 times; discharges 7200 ounces of blood, and conveys through it the whole mass of blood in the body not less than 25 times. In the space of four-and-twenty hours the whole blood in the body circulates 600 times through the heart.
A curious controversy has arisen in Paris on the subject of yoking dogs in carriages. This question is entirely in the French manner, and with singular display of party spirit. A dogma in religion agitated, or a theory in politics, could not more powerfully call forth the respective opinions of the philosophers and the New Saints, the Free-thinkers and the good Catholics of the present day, than does the dispute about the use, dignity, and importance of dogs in a commonwealth. One party says, that dogs have no right to be exempted from labor, and that it is very ridiculous to whine about the inhumanity of putting dogs in harness, when many an honest man is obliged from morning till night to toil at the plough, or hammer at the forge. On the other hand the advocates for the dogs contend that they are too delicate to be employed in such rude labors; that they are humble companions of men, and not to be degraded to the rank of working cattle. We know not how far this controversy may be carried; but so much heat and animosity prevails in both partisans, that it is evident the dog has no little influence upon them!
The king of Prussia is about to introduce a very salutary regulation in favor of the Jews in his dominions, by which they will henceforth be received as citizens or burghers, and permitted to learn every handicraft and art. Should the Christian masters refuse to take Jews as apprentices or journeymen, they are to form guilds of their own, and all the Jews will then be ordered to employ them in preference to the Christians.
Citizen Desquinemare, of Paris, has discovered a method of rendering linen impenetrable to air and water; and constructing buckets therewith, to serve instead of those made of leather usually employed in extinguishing fires. He has provided with this kind of fire-buckets, the palace of the Consul and the Theatre of Arts, &c. These have been kept full of water, and one cannot perceive that the floor on which they stand has received thereby the least mark of moisture. To the advantage of being the most durable, these buckets unite that of being the cheapest. Labour, commerce and arts will be much benefitted by this important discovery.
The finest glass manufactory in Europe is at St. Idepfonse. The largest mirrors are there made in a brass frame, 162 inches long, 92 inches wide, 6 inches deep, and weighing nearly 9 tons.
The fraternity of Freemasons at the Hague have voted a gold medal, of 50 ducats, for the best refutation of the charges of Barruel, Professor Robison, &c. against that order. The writer, in Dutch, English, French or German, "must briefly, but forcibly, exhibit the proofs that the fraternity had no share whatever, either in originating or promoting the religious and political schisms which have desolated Europe."
The following is an account of the curious experiment for lifting ships in dock to put in a new keel, which was tried for the first time on the Canopus, of 84 guns, in Plymouth dock last Friday, by Mr. Sibbins, the builder's first assistant—By means of wedges driven against the blocks on each side the keel, and the use of the catapults or battering ram, applied to them, the blocks are forced out much easier and with less

danger. Fewer shores are required to support the ship, which also strains less, and hangs as it were in slings; by this simple operation 40 men in 12 hours can perform as much work as used to take on the old principle, 300 men three days, although some ships, in the old method of knocking out the blocks under the keel, have settled one quarter of an inch by this new method. A numerous concourse of artists and others attended to see the experiment tried on the Canopus, and were perfectly satisfied with its usefulness and simplicity.
[Lond. pap.]
From the Providence Gazette.
AGRICULTURAL REPORT
For the State of Rhode-Island, 1801.
Hay. The crop was good, but immense quantities were spoiled by the almost incessant rains in July and August.
Rye. The grain was better than for several years past, but was much damaged by the wet.
Flax. Middling--considerably damaged by the rains.
Corn. In warm land the crop is tolerably good; but in cold wet land the ears short, and the corn light. Upon an average, the crop is about middling. The weather has been generally too cool and wet for it.
Potatoes. Those planted early will turn out very indifferently. The wet weather exhausted them so that the vines died in August. Those planted late are good. Upon the whole, we have a middling crop.
Peaches. They have been unusually abundant.
Apples. The oldest farmers do not remember so great and general a failure of this fruit, as in the present year. The early apples all rotted in August, either on the trees or on the ground, inasmuch that it does not appear there will be one sixth of the usual quantity of cider made. With the exception of a few spots, the failure is general throughout the U. States.
Vegetables. All kinds are plenty and good.
Tobacco. It has also been extremely good.
Sheriff's Sale.
By virtue of a writ of Venditioni Exponas to me directed, from the General Court for the Western Shore of the State of Maryland, returnable to October Term 1800, will be sold at Public Sale, for ready money, on the twenty seventh day of October next.
All that part of square numbered seventy-four in the general plan of the City of Washington, which is included within the following lines, that is to say: Beginning on Pennsylvania Avenue, at the center of the party wall between the third and fourth three story brick houses from the westernmost of the buildings now erected on the said square, and running thence by a line running northwardly through the middle of the said party wall one hundred and twenty six feet, through the center of the wall between the third and fourth stable from the westernmost house of the said buildings built at the back part thereof, and stopping at the center of the north wall of the said stable, then easterly parallel with the lines of Pennsylvania Avenue, through the middle of the north wall of the said back buildings and stables, so far as a line drawn from Pennsylvania Avenue, through the middle of the partition wall of the fourth and fifth houses from the most westernmost house built on the said square, one hundred and twenty six feet, forming a right angle with the said Avenue; will strike and intersect the same, and thence with the said line through the said partition wall southerly to Pennsylvania Avenue, and thence westerly with the said Avenue to the beginning, together with an elegant three story brick dwelling house, handsomely finished, and all necessary out houses upon the said lot being.
Will be also sold on the same day and by the same authority, Lots numbered seven, eight and nine, on square numbered thirty-eight in the general plan of the said city of Washington; each of the said last mentioned three lots having thereon a two story brick house. Also, one dozen mahogany chairs, 3 mahogany tables, 2 mahogany bedsteads, 2 mahogany tea tables, 2 mahogany card tables, 1 mahogany book-case, 2 pair of looking glasses, 8 framed prints, 3 carpets, 4 feather beds complete, 2 sets of china, 2 pair of brass andirons, fenders, shovels and tongs, some kitchen furniture, and one Negro boy slave named Butler, about fifteen years of age. The above property is taken as the property of Isaac Pollock, to satisfy a judgment of Abraham Vanlohen against him.
The sale will commence at eleven o'clock on the day, and continue until all is sold--The lots and houses will be sold on the premises respectively, and the personal property upon square thirty-eight in the City of Washington.
NOTLEY MADDOX , late Sheriff of Prince George's County.
October 2.
The Schooners Dolphin & Kitty , now lying at Mr. Young's Wharf will constantly take freights every three weeks from this to Annapolis or Baltimore. For terms apply to BRO HAWN and BOYS.
Washington July 15, 1801.
Foreign Intelligence.
CONSTANTINOPLE, July 24.
A great many French, who were detained prisoners in the castle of the black sea, are passing through this capital; they are returning home. It is said that every person of that nation, who has been arrested in the countries of the Ottoman dominion, at the beginning of the war, will shortly be set at liberty.
VIENNA, August 14.
Several Greek commercial houses have received from Smyrna and other places of Turkey, the news that a considerable number of English and Turkish vessels had sailed from before Alexandria in order to oblige the Dey of Algiers to pay the arrears of tribute he owes to Turkey. The letter which brings this news adds that it has been agreed between the Turks and the English to unite their forces, when the expedition to Egypt shall have been terminated, to put at last a period to the piracies exercised by the Barbarians.
LEGHORN, August.
The deputies lately sent to Port-Ferrajo, on the part of our new King & of General Murat, have, not succeeded in their mission. The besieged still continue refusing to surrender. The arrival of an English frigate with three hundred troops, and the taking of several French vessels, have given them new courage.
The Siamese army consists of a very considerable number of cavalry, and is accompanied by upwards of four hundred elephants. An alarming insurrection is said to prevail in Columpi, whither the army is directing its march, together with the Southern army, which had been encamped at Porcella. Zemaun Shah has at length formed an alliance, offensive and defensive, with the Seiks. He has engaged to give up all the places he reduced in his late incursion into the territories of the Seiks, and to make compensation for the ravages committed by his army at Lahore. The natives of Candahar and Cabul are amongst the hardest in Asia, and Zemaun Shah has a well appointed army of 100,000 men.
According to private letters received from Bombay, the Mahrattas and the Rajah of Coriar, whose country has been almost depopulated by war, have at length adjusted their differences. The Rajah has engaged to pay two thousand rupees, and the Mahrattas undertake to restore twenty bullocks and buffaloes, which they had taken. The Mahrattas had possessed themselves of Murzapoor, the antient capital of the country. The Rajah of Coriar is about sixty years of age, and has all the appearance of the Chohan Mountaineer, but he is of a very mild disposition.
Porto-Ferrajo, which has made so gallant a stand against the French, has had no other Commander during the siege than Mr. Isaac Grant, late English Vice-Consul at Leghorn, who being driven from thence when the French last entered it, took refuge in Porto-Ferrajo, and at his instigation the inhabitants and a few English (there being no regular garrison) have nobly defended themselves against the Republicans, beating them off twice with great slaughter in their attempts to storm it. Their gallantry is entitled to our particular admiration, and no doubt will not pass unnoticed.
The choice of a new Elector of Cologne, on which the Chapter are now employed, will not be easy. If it be true that Prince weighed nearly five hundred weight, it will be a difficult matter to find any one to fill the vacancy.
Monday the hon. Mr. Paget left town for Vienna. He has the permission of the French Government to traverse through France, in order to avoid the inconvenience of the passage to Hamburg. The favour was granted at the request of M. Otto, who was applied to by Mr. Paget to procure it.
Letters from Vienna, of the 13th, say, Count Philip Cobenzel and Count Saurau were immediately to take leave of the Emperor; the one to proceed as ambassador to Paris, the other in the same capacity to St. Petersburg.
Champigny, the new French Minister to Vienna, is to reside in the hotel inhabited by the French Ministers under the antient Monarchy.
Mr. Murray, the American Minister, has returned to the F. from Paris. Field Marshal Laiy, the oldest of the Austrian Generals, died a few days ago at Baden.
FROM A LATE LONDON PAPER.
Upwards of eight hundred preachers were assembled at the methodist conference held last week at Leeds, The methodist Socie-
ties have experienced a considerable increase since the former conference: The Irish missionaries, who have preached in the native language, have added several thousands to the society, the principal part of whom were before Roman Catholics, and the Welch missionaries have not been less successful.
A letter from Leicester says, "the crops of grain in this county exceed any thing ever before known. Even some lands which had received little or no cultivation, and were laid down for wheat on the pressure of the moment, have yielded astonishing produce."
The military establishment in India, by the consolidation of our empire there, and the consequent contraction of frontier posts, is shortly to be reduced. The India company by their late treaties received an additional revenue of about 25 lacks of pagodas, or near 1,000,000. sterling per annum.
The Margravine of Anspach has met with a most flattering reception at the court of Vienna; and her title having been recognized by the emperor, her serene highness is expected shortly to return to England. The Queen of Naples, it is said, is going on a pilgrimage to Marienzzell.
We understand that the secret expedition under Sir Home Popham, who sailed from the Cape of Good Hope early in February, in his majesty's ship Romney, with the 1st regiment, one detachment of the Royal Artillery, and a division of the 8th dragoons, was expected to reach its destination the latter end of March.
IMPORTED,
In the Ship Thomas, from Liverpool, Ironmongery, Cutlery, Saddlery and Brass Ware- which are now opening for sale at the subscriber's store on New Jersey Avenue, Capitol Hill, viz. IRON and brass kim locks, fork ditto, butt and HL hinges, screws, bolts, saws, files, chisels, carriers knives, waggon boxes, frying pans, patent metal tea kettles, pots and sauce pans, chaffing dishes, iron pots, knife cases, knives and forks, brass and iron candlesticks, shovels and tongs, brushes, ladies dressing cases, mathematical instruments, mill, pit and cross cut saws japanned ware, large scale beams, &c &c.
HENRY INGLE.
October 19.
The CABINET and CHAIR MAKING Business is carried on by Ingle and Vernon, at their shop next to the above store, where orders in that line will be thankfully received and punctually attended to.
N. B A good Ready Journeyman Cabinet Maker will meet with employ by applying as above.
FALL GOODS.
WILLIAM OXLEY & Co.
Have received by the late arrivals from London and Liverpool,
Fall and winter goods which are now opening and selling very low for cash or approved notes. A liberal credit will be given to those of known Punctuality. Alexandria, Oct. 19. eptl.
A Contract offered.
THE Directors of the Eastern Branch Bridge Company will receive proposals until the first day of December next, for erecting a Bridge over the Eastern Branch of Potomac River, at the City of Washington. The width of the River where the Bridge is contemplated to be fixed, is fifteen hundred and forty three feet, and the average depth of water at common low tide is four feet, except the channel, which is from 12 to 24 feet deep--the width of the channel is 50 feet. It is wished by the Directors that estimates may be furnished for a Bridge to be built on Piles or of Boats, as it is not yet determined by them, which of those two kinds to adopt--It is also desired, that plans of the Bridge may accompany the estimates, that the Directors may be the better enabled to judge of the advantages & disadvantages of the two plans which have been suggested. A draw of thirty feet is intended to be made over the channel.
The proposals must be sealed, and directed, post paid, to the Subscriber, in the City of Washington.
On good security being given for the performance of the contract--liberal advances will be made
By order of the Directors, WILLIAM BRENT, Sec'y. Washington, Oct. 19. em4w.
City of Washington,
Commissioners' Office,
2d October, 1801.
By virtue of an act of Assembly of the state of Maryland, entitled "a further supplement to the act concerning the Territory of Columbia and City of Washington," the Commissioners will expose to public sale for ready money, at William Rhodes's Tavern, in the said city, on the EIGHTH day of DECEMBER next, the following Lots in the said city, to wit: Nos 3 4 and 5 in square no 99, nos 1 2 4 7 8 9 14 15 and 16 in sq no 196, no 10 in sq no 347, no 1 & 19 in sq no 638, no 4 in sq no 217, nos 8 & 18
26 27 28 & 29 in sq no 37, no 8 in sq no 402, no 2 in sq no 43, no 4 in sq no 59, no 1 in sq no 60, nos 2 & 3 in sq no 71, nos 1 2 3 8 9 10 12 13 19 20 21 24 28 29 & 30 in sq no 76, nos 9 & 10 in sq no 77, no 3 in sq no 83, nos 16 17 & 18 in sq no 85, nos 1 & 8 in sq no 6, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 & 20 in sq no 20, nos 1 2 7 8 9 10 11 25 & 26 in sq no 33, nos 15 16 17 20 24 25 26 & 27 in sq no 105, nos 9 10 & 12 in sq no 118, no 20 in sq no 141, nos 14 15 & 16 in sq no 166, no 1 in square north of sq no 180, no 1 in sq north of sq no 583, nos 1 & 2 in sq no 107, nos 2 & 12 in sq no 23, no 12 in sq no 258, no 2 in sq no 317, no 7 in sq no 345, no 6 in sq no 409, no 13 in sq no 535, no 3 in sq no 579, nos 4 & 14 in sq no 580, nos 2 & 18 in sq no 583, nos 5 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 17 18 & 19 in sq no 585, nos 9 to 12 13 14 17 & 18 in sq no 587, nos 13 & 14 in sq no 643, nos 4 and 5 in sq no 734, no 3 in sq south of sq no 825, no 10 in sq no 799, no 2 in sq 821, no 13 in sq 846, no 2 in sq 847, no 12 and 13 in sq 874, nos 15 and 19 in sq 102, no 1 in sq south of sq no 104, nos 6 7 & 8 in sq no 120, nos 24 25 26 & 27 in sq 126, no 7 in sq 142, one half of no 18 in sq 143, nos 3 and 4 in sq 70, nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 & 28 in sq 172, nos 1 2 5 6 10 11 12 13 16 17 and 21 in sq 185, nos 8 9 10 and 14 in sq 256, nos 2 3 17 18 in sq no 290, nos 4 5 6 13 14 in sq no 321, nos 1 3 5 and 9 in sq 321, nos 1 2 5 6 10 11 13 and 16 in sq no 348, nos 5 6 7 12 13 14 19 20 24 25 and 26 in sq 457, no 2 in sq 2, nos 1 and 3 in sq no 7, nos 6 7 8 10 11 12 and 13 in sq 75, nos 4 5 and 6 in sq 179, nos 1 9 14 12 and 13 in sq 222, no 7 in sq 432, nos 2 and 3 in sq 796, no 6 in sq 432, no 5 in sq 461, no 9 in sq 1064, nos 1 2 3 4 6 and 7 in sq south of sq no 744, no 1 in sq 461, no 2 in sq 644, no 16 in sq 799, no 17 in sq 728, no 1 in sq 291, no 2 in sq 47, nos 15 and 16 in sq 198, nos 3 5 6 7 9 10 12 13 and 14 in sq 317, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 and 7 in sq 343, nos 2 3 4 5 and 6 in sq 344, nos 1 2 3 4 15 16 17 18 19 20 in sq 374, nos 1 4 5 8 9 and 12 in sq 403, nos 3 4 5 6 7 in sq 401, nos 2 3 6 7 10 and 11 in sq 427, nos 2 3 4 5 and 6 in sq 428, nos 7 8 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 and 21 in sq 534, nos 5 6 7 8 9 10 and 11 in sq no 535, no 20 in sq 585, no 15 in sq 587, no 2 in sq 643, no 2 in sq south of sq no 825, nos 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 and 26 in sq 826, nos 2 in sq 997, no 3 in sq south of sq no 1019, nos 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 in sq 1020, no 2 in sq 1021, no 1 in sq 1024, nos 1 2 3 11 12 13 and 14 in sq 1023, nos 5 and 6 in sq 1024, nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 and 11 in sq 1045, nos 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 and 13 in sq 1026, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 and 28 in sq 1047, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 and 24 in sq 1048, nos 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 & 10 in sq 1064, no 14 in sq 799, nos 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 & 20 in sq 847, nos 1 2 3 4 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 & 34 in sq 877, nos 25 26 27 28 29 and 32 in sq 1028, no 1 and 3 in sq 1065, nos 1 5 6 in sq north east of 1065, no 1 in sq 1066, nos 2 3 7 8 9 10 12 and 13 in sq 158, nos 1 4 5 6 and 7 in sq 161, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 and 18 in sq 247, nos 1 2 3 4 10 11 in sq 452, no 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 and 14 in sq 453, no 1 in sq south of sq no 463, nos 3 4 5 and 6 in sq 492, nos 5 9 & 10 in sq no 493, nos 4 5 & 6 in sq no 494, nos 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 & 28 in sq 517, nos 2 4 6 & 8 in sq 518, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 & 20 in sq 529, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 & 7 in sq 537, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 & 28 in sq 538, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 & 9 in sq 565, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 & 21 in sq 567, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 & 33 in sq 568, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 & 24 in sq 569, nos 2 4 & 6 in sq 570, no 2 in sq 572, nos 2 & 3 in sq 577, nos 1 2 3 4 5 & 6 in sq 581, nos 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 & 20 in sq 584, nos 5 6 7 8 9 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 & 26 in sq 640, nos 2 3 4 5 15 16 17 18 20 21 & 22 in sq 642, nos 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 & 21 in sq east of sq no 642, nos 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 & 27 in sq south of sq no 643, nos 3 4 & 5 in sq 644, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 & 28 in sq 645, nos 1 2 & 17 in sq 1000, nos 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 24 25 26 34 35 & 36 in sq 1043, nos 2 3 4 14 15 16 17 18 in sq 1066, nos 10 11 12 13 & 14 in sq 1067, nos 1 2 3 4 11 12 & 13 in sq 1078, nos 1 & 2 in sq south of 1091, nos 1 2 9 10 11 & 12 in sq 1092, nos 1 2 3 14 15 16 17 18 19 & 20 in sq 1105, nos 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 & 13 in sq 1116, no 9 in sq 1117, nos 5 6 7 & 8 in sq 1123, nos 5 6 7 & 8 in sq 1130, no 3 in sq 1148, and no 4 in sq 1149.
The sale to commence at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, and continue from day to day (Sundays excepted) till the whole shall be sold, or until the further order of the Commissioners. The highest bidder shall be preferred; but if he fails to pay the money offered, on the day of sale, the next highest bidder shall be considered as the purchaser; provided he pays the money offered by him previous to opening the sale on the ensuing day; if he also fails, the sale shall be void, the lots bid for again, exposed without further notice, and both bidders excluded from purchasing during the sale.
WILLIAM THORNTON, ALEXANDER WHITE, TRISTRAM DALTON.

GEORGIA, Columbia County. In the SUPERIOR COURT, September Term, 1801.
The following Charge was delivered by his honor JUDGE M'ALLISTER, to the Grand Jury.
Gentlemen of the Grand Jury, It has been assigned for me to meet you the present term. Amidst the various relative obligations we are under to Society, there can be none more important—none that demand the exertions of the powers of the mind to a greater extent, than those we are called upon to exercise in our present capacities.
From the knowledge you necessarily possess of your office, and your readiness to execute it, I anticipate much satisfaction in your aid, and all the dispatch in the business of the court, that may consist with the nature and importance of the cases that may come before us.
To persons so enlightened as grand and special jurors generally are, little is necessary to be said. Holding our property free from those invidious shackles and arbitrary tenures which encircle and oppress the old world, we are left to act without dreading the frowns of arrogant imperious proprietors, nor are we to be awed or seduced by the fulminations or arts of a wily established priesthood. No countenance is to be shown to the one or the other, either in the form or in the principles of our political compacts.
There is a happy principle implanted in man, which, whenever he reflects, reminds him of his equal rights. There is another principle also which seems to be strongly engrained upon the human mind, I mean the love of power. The latter has often been the cause of slavery; the former, the germ of freedom. The latter from age to age has prompted the rulers of the earth by force or by stratagem, to shake off the limitations of their power. The former has stimulated the ruled to confine their rulers within the limits of reason, and their authority, and to aspire at independency; but it has often happened that in their zeal to keep their rulers within bounds, they themselves have rushed into the opposite extreme.
In this contest, however, the people have generally been less successful than their rulers; and the reason is, because they have been kept in a state of ignorance, and have seldom found leisure or opportunity, either to digest or support a regular opposition. This want of knowledge and opportunity has been known, and encouraged too, by the designing in almost every age. They have accordingly laboured to wrest from the people a knowledge of their rights and wrongs, and the power to assert the one or redress the other.
Two formidable systems of tyranny sprung up in Europe many centuries ago, which gave considerable aid to this passion for rule; and had nearly riveted a portion of their baleful influence over our country. I mean the canon and the feudal law.
Of all the systems of iniquity that ever were invented by the art of man for the gratification of the desire for dominion, the invention and establishment of the canon and feudal systems must be ranked among the foremost. By the former the priesthood had devised a scheme the most artful, extensive and astonishing, that ever was conceived by the human mind for the aggrandizement of their order. In the latter we find another system, not unlike the former in many respects, which, although apparently designed for the defence of a barbarous people against the inroads of hostile neighbors, yet for the same purposes of tyranny and oppression which dictated the canon law, it was soon adopted by all the princes of Europe, and wrought into the constitutions of their governments.
It was originally a code of laws for a vast army in a perpetual state of alarm. The generalissimo was invested with the sovereign property of all the lands within the territory of him, as his servants and vassals, the first rank of his great officers held their lands, and in the same manner the other subordinate officers held of them; and all ranks and degrees held their lands by a variety of duties and services, all tending to bind the chains the faster on every description of mankind.
In this manner the people were held together in herds and clans, in a state of servile dependence on their lords, bound even by the tenure of their lands to follow them whenever and wherever they pleased, and in a state of total ignorance of every thing human or divine, except a knowledge of their arms, and the culture of the lands for the use of their masters.
But the tyranny did not end here—Another event, still more calamitous to human
liberty, was, a wicked confederacy between those two systems of oppression. The temporal rulers contributed all in their power to maintain the ascendancy of the priesthood, and the priesthood in turn, seemed to employ that ascendancy over the consciences of the people, in impressing on their minds a blind obedience to civil magistracy—Hence the divine miraculous origin of government with which the priesthood had enveloped the feudal princes in mysteries, and from whence they deduced the most mischievous of all doctrines—passive obedience and non-resistance.
Thus as long as this confederacy lasted, and the people were held in ignorance, liberty, virtue, and every kind of useful information seemed to have deserted the earth, and one age of darkness succeeded another, till the Reformation; from that period, knowledge has been gradually spreading in Europe, and from the first settlement in America, has been progressively fast on this side the Atlantic, particularly since, and some time before, our revolutionary struggle, and in proportion as that has increased, ecclesiastical and civil tyranny, or the canon and the feudal law have lost their weight and influence.
By the establishment of our independency, the odious remains of both those oppressive systems, exclusive church establishments and quit rents, &c. which are still scourging the greater part of Europe, are done away; and we are left to exercise that religious liberty, of which its Great Author had made us free, in its pure unenlightened state, without being obliged to support any one religious establishment exclusively, contrary to the dictates of our own consciences.
Our possessions are also disentangled of those invidious, arbitrary encumbrances, which, whenever they obtain, give a certain ascendancy, and prevent a free independent action of the mind.
But the first and greatest of favors are liable to be abused; for, if that active principle before noticed, be considered a just and a true one, then these observations may tend to prove how necessary it is for a people, particularly under a government of their own choice, to be as careful in not unnecessarily embarrassing their government, as they ought to be vigilant, that those who have the management of it, do not transcend the limits of the authority reposed in them. The principle being a general one, it may be carried to excess either way, and finally launch a country into scenes of confusion.
Governor TRUMBULL'S SPEECH to both houses of the legislature of Connecticut, on the 8th inst.
Gentlemen of the Council, Mr. Speaker, and Gentlemen of the House of Representatives,
Having no external correspondence of moment to communicate to you, the internal routine of business will principally occupy your attention during the present session.
The executive business which was committed to me by the last Legislature, has been particularly attended to and carefully performed.
A particular report respecting the situation of the second company in the tenth regiment of militia, will be communicated to the Legislature by a special message.
The militia being almost the only internal defence of the union, the well ordering, arming and equipping this valuable body of men within the several states, is an object in which we are peculiarly interested. Many imperfections, I fear, are permitted to exist in the present arrangement; and while many deficiencies are experienced in the uniformity of the small arms, with which our soldiers furnish themselves, no public supply of arms, belonging to this state, can be resorted to, from which this defect might be remedied, in case any actual service should unfortunately require it. A frequent attention to this and other objects which respect our present military system, is, in my opinion, of much moment; so much so, as to excite the solicitude of the Legislature to devise means, so far as regards this state, for perfecting as much as possible, this important establishment of defence.
Amidst the political agitations which prevail in the United States at the present moment; in consequence of which men's minds are disturbed with appearances sometimes doubtful, oftentimes discouraging, whereby they become liable to be misled by the influence of passion and prejudice; it is with deep concern, that I too frequently hear, from various quarters, intimations given, expressing doubts respecting the continuance of the present union of these states. Reasons almost innumerable suggest themselves to my consideration, and will doubtless occur, on reflection, to every candid
and dispassionate mind, to repel with aversion all ideas of this kind, so destructive to our public peace and harmony, and so adverse to our local happiness and private prosperity. Should any one hesitate in according to this sentiment, I would point him to the observations on this subject made by our late venerable Washington, in his sage and important address to the people of these United States, a subject on which he dilated with peculiar energy, and with more than his wonted earnestness.
And reading these impressive sentiments, let every dispassionate man ask himself these serious questions. Are not these reasons for the unity of our Government, given by our departed Hero, and disinterested Friend and patriot, irresistible; and shall I not subscribe to them with equal ardor and earnestness? and with fixed resolutions to exert my utmost abilities in support of this important and interesting object?—The reply from every one, I presume, will be prompt and affirmative. In addition to the reasons suggested in this estimable address, we may also consider, that if one division of the Union is admitted, it is not within the wisdom or foresight of man to discover, how many subdivisions the first step of separation may lead to;—each division and subdivision increasing the spirit of disunion and restlessness, until all Union. Subordination, Peace, Tranquility and Order are at an end, or sunk in anarchy and confusion. Rather than indulge our selves, therefore, in passionate expressions of sentiment or resentment, on any perplexing occurrences which present themselves in our political arrangements, should we not better cherish a hope, that by prudent reflection and timely experience, disagreeable circumstances may be corrected, or discouraging fears and doubts may be dispelled?—Circumstances not altogether conformable to our present wishes, are oftentimes productive of the happiest events—ever-ruled by the goodness of that Power, who knows how to bring good out of evil, and wisdom out of error. Numerous instances within our own recollection, and within the experience of twenty or thirty years past, will witness the truth of this observation.
In all our troubles and perplexities, I am persuaded that superintending Providence which watched over our American Revolution—which has guided us since in many perils and dangers, and which has eventually led us to the adoption of the present Union and Constitution of Government, will not forsake its own work, but will direct us in our future way, however dark and devious it may sometimes appear to our scanty views; for doubtless our Country is destined to take its turn of political greatness and prosperity, upon the stage of human action, as well as ultimate-y to sink in folly, vice and decline.
J. TRUMBULL. New-Haven, 9th Oct. 1801.
BY AUCTION.
On Friday the 23d instant, at 11 o'clock, at Mr. Henry Wilson's wharf, Fells Point, will be sold
THE United States Sloop of War MARYLAND. Burthen about 460 tons, built of the very best materials, is only two years old, compared to the bonds, has two suits of sails, her running and standing riging complete. Her inventory may be seen at the auction room.—Terms of sale at 6 and 9 months credit, for negotiable notes, with two approved indorsers.
Immediate after the sale of the ship, will be sold—A quantity of iron ballast, on 90 days credit, some provisions, armories, coopers tools, water cask, &c.
JOSHUA DORSET. October. 12. epst.
For Sale or Rent,
Two three story brick houses in Alexandria, completely finished, on King and Columbia-street, with sundry valuable property near the same, possession whereof may be had immediately. The situation for the flour and grocery business is equal to any in Alexandria.
For terms apply to Henry Thomas Moore Alexandria, or to the subscriber
NICHOLAS VOSS.
Three Dollars Reward.
STRAYED away from the subscriber living near Barry's wharf in the city of Washington, on the 3d inst. a bright bay HORSE, about 15 hands high, with a small star in his forehead. He is supposed to be about ten years old, shod all round, switched tail, and midling long mane, was branded on the near side, the letter or letters not remembered, his two hind feet white.—The above reward will be given to any person that will deliver said horse to me and if taken up at a distance all reasonable expenses paid.
MARK CROWLEY. October 16. 3t
FOR SALE.
In pursuance of an order of the Orphans Court for the county of Washington, in the District of Columbia, will be exposed to sale on Friday the 23d of October Inst. at 10 o'clock, A. M. at ROCK-HILL, late the residence of GUSTAVUS SCOTT, Esq. deceased.
A number of Negroes, house-
hold and kitchen Furniture, Horses, Cows, and a variety of other articles. The terms of sale will be as follows:—Where the property sold to any one purchaser shall not exceed twenty dollars, cash; but where the property sold to any one purchaser shall amount to more than that sum, a credit of six months will be given, on the purchaser's passing bond, with good security, for the payment thereof, with interest from the day of sale.
And on Tuesday following, being the 27th day of October, at 10 o'clock A. M. will be exposed at public sale, at the farm called Strawberry-Vale, situate in Virginia, about nine miles from George-town,
A number of Negroes, Horses, Mules, Cows, Calves, and Farming Utensils, belonging to the estate of the said Gustavus Scott. The terms of sale the same as above.
On the day of sale at Rock-hill, will likewise be sold at public vendue, one moiety of a GRIST-MILL, standing on Rock-Creek. Likewise a number of well situated Lots in the City of Washington. Also, a number of Potomac, and Potomac Bridge Shares, belonging to said estate.—The terms will be made known on the day of sale.
ELIAS B. CALDWELL, Adm'r. Washington, October 2. epst.
PUBLIC SALE.
The House and Lot occupied by the subscriber near the Navy Yard, will be sold at Stites's Hotel, near the Capitol, on Monday the 26th inst. at 12 o'clock at noon.
IT IS a beautiful situation having been for some time described in this paper, any thing farther on the subject is deemed unnecessary, especially as it is presumed those inclined to purchase will view the premises, which may be done at any time prior to the day of sale.
The dimensions of the lot, and the terms will be made known at the time and place of sale, or by application to the subscriber previous thereto. Possession may be had at farthest in thirty days after the sale.
At the same time and place a small parcel of household furniture.
THOMAS TINGEY. Washington Oct. 12, 1801. epst.
Two handsome well finished three story brick houses on Greenleaf's Point, to rent on moderate terms
IN THE CASE
Of GEORGE W. KIRKLAND, Bankrupt.
Whereas a commission of bankruptcy is awarded against George W. Kirkland, late of Washington County, in the District of Columbia; and he being declared a bankrupt, is hereby required to surrender himself to the commissioners on the twentieth day of the present month of October, on the thirtieth day of the present month of October, and on the twentieth day of November next, at four o'clock in the afternoon of the said days, at the house of William Rhodes, innkeeper, in the City and County of Washington, and district of Columbia; at the second of which meetings the creditors are to come prepared to prove their debts and choose assignees. And all persons indebted to the said Bankrupt, or that have any goods or effects of his in their hands, are desired to give notice thereof, to
ELIAS B. CALDWELL, Clerk to the Commissioners. October 7, 1801. epst.
POST-OFFICE.
WASHINGTON CITY, Oct. 7, 1801.
The great Northwestern Mail which includes the following Post-Offices will be closed at this office every Wednesday at 8 A. M. and Friday at 5 P. M. viz.
  Bedford, Pa.  Lexington, Ky.    Bourbonton, Ky.  Manchester, N. W.    Brook C. H. Va.  Mayville, Ky.    Cannonsburg, Pa.  New Lancaster, N. T.    Chambersburg, Pa.  Pittsburg, Pa.    Chillicothe, N. T.  Somersett, Pa.    Clarkburg, Md.  St. Clairville, N. T.    Frankfort, Ky.  Versailles, Ky.    Fredericktown, Md.  Washington, Pa.    Greencastle, Pa.  Washington, Ky.    Greensburg, Pa.  Wheeling, Vir.    Hagerstown, Md.  Zaneville, N. T.  
Mails for other northwestern post-offices will be made up as usual, every Friday at 5 P. M.
A mail for Unity Town, Brookville, Hobbville, Howard's Mill, Wright's Mill and Toney Town, Maryland, will be closed at this office every Tuesday at 5 P. M.
THOMAS MOORE, Postmaster. October 9. epst.
District of Columbia, County of Washington.
September, 28, 1801.
LEWIN TALBURT, of Washington county, has made application to the Register of Wills of said county, for letters of administration on the estate of JAMES ROBINSON, deceased.—All persons interested in the said estate are therefore to take notice that letters of administration will be granted to the said Talburt, unless cause to the contrary be shown on or before the 1st day of November next.
JOHN HEWITT, Register. RAW 4t