National gazette. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1792-03-08 00:00:00

National Gazette.
By P. FRENEAU: Published MONDAYS and THURSDAYS, at THREE DOLLARS per annum.
VOL. I.
THURSDAY, MARCH 8, 1792.
NUMB. 38.
PHILADELPHIA.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 29.
MR. Speaker laid before the House a report from the Treasurer of the United States, containing his specie account, from the first of October, to the 31st of December 1791. Referred to a special committee, to examine and report.
A message was delivered by Mr. Secretary Otis, notifying that the Senate had agreed to the conference proposed by the House, on the subject of the amendments to the Frontier-bill, and had, on their part, appointed a committee of three members, to meet the committee (of five) appointed by the House.
The House being informed of the melancholy accident befallen the Hon. Mr. Dayton*, who had been appointed one of the committee, another member was nominated in his stead.
A report from the Secretary of the Treasury, on the petition of the executors of Edward Carnes, was read and referred to a committee of the whole House, on Monday next.
Mr. Murray moved that the House should resolve itself into a committee of the whole to take up a motion, some days since laid on the table by Mr. Gerry, for the appointment of a committee to bring in a bill for the reduction of the postage of newspapers.
After a few desultory observations, the question was taken on the motion, and passed in the negative;—Yeas, 17; Nays, 25.
Mr. Gerry hereupon gave notice, that he will move for taking up the said resolution to-morrow.
Mr. Page then called up the report of the select committee on the memorial of Mr. Churchman, and
The House having agreed to take it into consideration, and the memorial, together with the report of the committee thereon, being read,
Mr. Page delivered a speech of some length, in which he advocated Mr. Churchman's cause, and concluded with a motion that the House should agree to the report of the committee.
After some debate,—A division of the question being called for,
The House agreed (yeas, 26; nays, 25) to the first part of the report of the committee, which, though it does not confer any immediate benefit on Mr. Churchman, is yet worthy of notice, on account of a seeming connexion between it and a subject, which lately kept the House engaged in a warm debate of near four days continuance—viz.—the power of granting 'bounties' or 'allowances,' &c.—It is as follows:
..... "The Congress of the United States may, with great propriety, patronise such a person as Mr. Churchman, and grant him such aid, as may be necessary to enable him to prosecute his laudable enquiries, to good effect."
The yeas and nays were moved for on this question, and some gentlemen rose in support of the motion. One gentleman however having objected to calling them, and another (who had risen) having withdrawn his support, the motion was withdrawn and they were not called.
The latter part of the report was then agreed to, and in pursuance thereof, a committee was appointed to bring in a bill to secure to authors or their assigns, the copy-right of maps, charts, tables, and prints, by greater penalties than those declared in the former act.
Mr. Laurance presented, from the merchants of New-York, who trade to India and China, a memorial in all respects similar to that presented a few days ago from the merchants of Philadelphia.—Referred, as the former, to the Committee of the whole on the state of the union.
Mr. W. Smith (from the committee appointed to examine and report whe-
* This Gentleman, in passing through Market-street the evening before, in going over some ice, had the misfortune to fall, and break his leg.
ther any and what alterations are necessary to be made in the acts establishing the Treasury and War Departments) made a report, which was twice read, ordered to be printed, and referred to a Committee of the whole House on Tuesday next.
The House then resolved itself into a Committee of the whole—[Mr. W. Smith in the chair]—and resumed the consideration of the Militia Bill.
The question being taken on a motion, made yesterday by Mr. Sumpter, to strike out the second section, containing an enumeration of various descriptions of persons to be exempted from militia duty.—passed in the negative;—yeas, 17; nays not counted.
A motion was then made by Mr. Steele, to amend the section, by adding, at the end of the list of exempts, a clause to the following effect:—"and all others who may have been exempted by laws heretofore passed within their respective states."
It was here observed, that some states have as yet no militia laws, and consequently have not had an opportunity of making 'heretofore' such exemptions, as may however be thought proper when they come to pass such laws.
Mr. White thought there was no necessity of particularizing the laws 'already past,' but that it would be better to leave the matter open to the discretion of the state legislatures by simply saying "all persons exempted by the laws of their respective states."
Mr. Steele's amendment was amended and agreed to, as follows:—"and all persons, who now are, or hereafter may be exempted, by the laws of their respective states."
On motion of Mr. Boudinot, "the members of both Houses of Congress, with their respective officers," were added to the list of exempts.
Mr. J. Smith moved to strike out all the different officers of the state governments, thinking it better to leave to the discretion of the state legislatures the exemption of such of their own officers as they may think proper.
The motion was carried;—Yeas 24; Nays, 12.
Mr. Boudinot moved to add "all persons conscientiously scrupulous of bearing arms."
After a short debate, the motion was negatived; and
The Committee rose and reported progress.
THURSDAY, March 1.
A petition of Adam Syfat alias Sybert, was presented to the House and read, praying relief in consideration of wounds and injuries received in the service of the United States, during the late war.
Mr. Sedgwick, from the managers appointed on behalf of the House, to confer with the Senate on the subject matter of the amendment to the militia bill, now depending between the two Houses, made a report—whereupon it was resolved that the House do recede from their disagreement to two amendments to said bill, and agree to an amendment to the fifteenth section, which authorises the President of the United States to call into service from time to time, and for such periods as he may deem requisite, such number of cavalry as he may think necessary for the protection of the frontiers; and restricting the non-commissioned officers to one dollar a day, and the privates to seventy-five cents; each to find horse, arms and accoutrements, at his own risk; and twenty-five cents per day in lieu of rations and forage, provided he furnish himself therewith.
Mr. Goodhue, from the joint committee of the two houses, appointed to consider and report what business is necessary to be done by Congress in the present session, made a report; which was read and ordered to lie on the table.
Mr. Williamson, from the committee, presented a bill to amend an act for promoting the progress of the useful arts.—which was read the first time.
FRIDAY, March 2.
The committee appointed for that purpose, having yesterday, after the opening the doors, reported a bill to amend the act to promote the progress of useful arts,—the same was this day taken up, and, after a second reading, ordered to be printed, and referred to a committee of the whole House, on Tuesday next.
A message was delivered by Mr. Secretary Otis, notifying, that the Senate had passed the bill (sent to them from the House of Representatives) "to ascertain and regulate the claims to half-pay and invalid pensions, "with amendments, in which they requested the concurrence of the House."
Mr. Otis at the same time informed the House, that the President of the United States had, on the first instant, approved and signed the "Act relative to the election of a President and Vice-President of the United States, and declaring the officer, who shall act as President, in case of vacancies in the offices both of President and Vice-President."
Mr. Gerry called up his motion for the appointment of a committee, to bring in a bill to reduce the rates of postage on newspapers;—whereupon,
An honorable member observed, that as the rates had not crept into the bill by chance or oversight, but after mature deliberation and discussion, a hasty repeal of that part of the law, before experience has shewn its operation, would betray in the government a want of stability which might be attended with consequences worse than the worst that could be apprehended from the law in its present form.
Stability (it was replied) is indeed honorable to government as well as to individuals,—but it is stability in wisdom, not stability in error:—if the rates of postage appear unreasonably high, and likely to prove burdensome, the burden ought to be lightened, without waiting till experience should ascertain its precise weight.
Already (it was said) its injurious effects begin to be felt:—the readers of newspapers have begun to stop their subscriptions:—complaints come forward from the constituents to their representative, that a monopoly is granted to negligence.
The rates of postage imposed on newspapers were pronounced to be so high, as to amount to a prohibition:—an extensive and minute establishment of post-roads had been gone into:—many of these cannot be supported by the ordinary conveyance of letters; and if the newspapers are, by too high a tax, excluded from the mails, these roads cannot be supported at all:—A reduction of the postage, to half the rate established, would yield a greater profit.
The question being taken on the resolution, and having passed in the affirmative—(yeas 27; nays (not counted) about seventeen)—Mr. Gerry, Mr. Murray, and Mr. Findley were appointed a committee, to bring in a bill pursuant thereto.
A message was delivered by Mr. Secretary Otis, notifying, that the Senate had agreed to the report of the conference, on the disagreeing amendment to the Frontier Bill—[The House had, on their part, agreed to the report, whilst the doors were shut yesterday.]
Very soon after the delivery of the foregoing message,
Mr. S. Bourne, from the committee of enrolment, presented to Mr. Speaker the bill in question, duly enrolled:—Mr. Speaker signed the same; and before the House rose, the committee waited on the President of the United States, and presented him the bill for his approbation.
Mr. Findley presented a memorial from the Directors of the Ohio company,
which was referred to a special committee, consisting of Messieurs Sedgwick Findley, Benion, Learned and Baldwin.
Mr. Grove called up a resolution, which he, some time ago, had laid on the table: and the House having adopted it, a committee was, in pursuance thereof, appointed to bring in a bill for finishing a light-house on Bald Head at the mouth of Cape Fear River in the state of North Carolina.
Mr. Murray gave notice, that he will on Tuesday next, call up the report of the select committee, on the memorial of Mr. Cutting.
The order of the day being called for,
The House resolved itself into a committee of the whole, on the Militia Bill;—Mr. B. Bourne in the chair.
A motion (made yesterday by Mr. Livermore) to strike out the 10th section, having, after some debate, been negatived—the section was amended, and, together with the remainder of the bill, agreed to:—
Mr. Barnwell, for the purpose (as he alledged) of leaving the states at liberty to train their respective Militia oftener than is prescribed by the Bill, moved for the insertion of an additional section, as follows:
"And be it further enacted, That nothing in this act shall be construed to prevent any state from establishing such further regulations, for more effectually training their militia, according to the foreign rules of discipline, as the Legislature thereof shall think proper."
Mr. Livermore recommended to the honorable gentleman to tack the following proviso to his section, in case he wished it to pass:
"Provided that this act, or any clause or section therein contained, shall not abridge the authority of the particular states, in training their militia according to the discipline herein prescribed:"—
This (he said) would be paying some little respect to the authority of the states; and would shew to the public, that Congress do not mean to counteract the constitution.
The question being taken on Mr. Barnwell's amendment, passed in the negative;—yeas, 15; nays (not counted) about 23.
Mr. Boudinot proposed two additional sections as follows.
"And be it further enacted, That in order to prevent any injury arising from drawing off the workmen at certain works and manufactories hereafter named, to attend the several days of rendezvous as aforesaid, it shall and may be lawful for the commander in chief of each state to appoint proper officers at all furnaces for manufacturing of iron, and all works for manufacturing of glass, if any such shall be within the state;—whose duty it shall be to form the workmen, manufacturers, and laborers belonging thereto, into a company or companies, in manner aforesaid, or as nearly thereto as circumstances will admit, and to train, exercise and discipline them in manner directed by law, excepting as to the place, which shall always be at the works or manufactories, and excepting the meetings in regiment or battalion, in lieu of which they shall meet in companies at the said works and manufactories in manner aforesaid. And the said workmen, manufacturers, and laborers shall be excused from all other militia duty, except in times of invasion or insurrection."
"And be it further enacted That the Commander in chief of each state shall, on the requisition of the President of the United States, authorized thereto by the express acts of Congress, order out any proportion of the militia of the state, so required as aforesaid, to march to any part of the United States."

for the protection or defence of the same; provided that they be not compelled to continue on duty out of the state, without their consent, for a longer time than—months, at any one time:—that, while in actual service in consequence of being so called out, they shall receive the same pay and rations, and be subject to the same rules and regulations, as the troops of the United States of America.”
A motion however being made for the committee's rising,
Mr. Boudinot reserved the two sections, to bring them forward in the House.
The committee rose and reported the bill with the amendments. Adjourned.
SATURDAY, March 3.
Mr. Goodhue, from the committee, presented a bill for enrolling and licensing vessels employed in the coasting trade and fisheries; which was twice read and ordered to be referred to a committee of the whole House on Thursday next.
A message was received from the President of the United States, inclosing a return of the number of inhabitants in the district of South-Carolina—which was ordered to lie on the table.
The House took into consideration the amendments proposed by the Senate to the bill for ascertaining and regulating the claims to half-pay, and to invalid pensions—Some were agreed to, others disagreed to.
Mr. Boudinot, from the committee to whom was referred a motion relative to a statement of balances remaining unpaid in the public books of the Treasury department, made a report, that it will be impossible to obtain the report of the state of accounts contemplated in the resolution, during the present session, without greatly retarding the current business of the department; and that it will be inexpedient to take any resolution on the subject matter of the resolution referred to them.
A petition was read from Timothy Pickering, late quarter-master-general, praying that the Treasury officers may be authorized to apply a certain sum of money, heretofore granted to discharge the claims against his department, to the payment of the demands of certain public creditors in the state of New-York, who are from their peculiar circumstances, unjustly precluded by the act of limitation.—This, with several other petitions, was referred to the Secretary of the Treasury, to examine and report thereon.
Petitions were read from sundry inhabitants of the county of Chester, in Pennsylvania, praying a repeal of the act laying a duty on such home distilled spirits as are made from the produce of the United States.—Ordered to lie on the table.
A report from the Secretary of the Treasury, respecting compensations to the commissioners of loans, was read and referred to a select committee.
Several private petitions were read and referred.
MONDAY, March 5.
The Speaker laid before the House a letter from the Secretary of State accompanying a copy of the laws adopted and published by the Governor and judges of the territory north-west of the river Ohio, in 1791.—Read, and referred to a committee.
Mr. Grove, from the committee, presented a bill for finishing the Light House at the mouth of Cape Fear river in North-Carolina—Read twice, and ordered to be committed to a committee of the whole on Tuesday.
A message was received from the Senate, by Mr. Otis, informing the House that the Senate have passed the bill “for the relief of certain widows, orphans, invalids and other persons,” with several amendments, to which the concurrence of the House is desired.
A written message was received from the President of the United States, by Mr. Lear, as follows:—Gentlemen of the Senate and of the House of Representatives,
Knowing the friendly interest you take in whatever may promote the happiness and prosperity of the French nation, it is with pleasure that I lay before you the translation of a letter which I have received from his most Christian Majesty, announcing to the United States of America, his acceptance of the constitution presented to him by his nation. G. WASHINGTON.
Translation of a letter from the King of France, of Sept. 19, 1791.
Very dear, great friends and Allies, WE make it our duty to inform you, that we have accepted the Constitution which has been presented to us in the name of the nation, and according to which France will be henceforth governed.
We do not doubt that you take an interest in an event so important to our kingdom and to us; and it is with real pleasure we take this occasion to renew to you assurances of the sincere friendship we bear you.—Whereupon we pray God to have you, very dear great friends and allies, in his just and holy keeping.—Written at Paris the 19th of September, 1791.
Your good Friend and Ally, (Signed) LOUIS. (Signed) MONTMORIN. The United States of North-America.
The message and inclosures were ordered to lie on the table.
A message was received from the Senate, signifying, that they insist on all their amendments, disagreed to by the House of Representatives to the Bill for ascertaining and regulating claims to half pay and invalid pensions, and to desire a conference on this subject—which was agreed to by the House and managers appointed to meet the managers named by the Senate at said conference.
A message was received from the President, notifying, that he had signed the act making provision for the more effectual protection of the frontiers,
The Militia Bill with the amendments proposed by the committee of the whole was then taken up, and some of those amendments agreed to; others were rejected, and some additional amendments made. After which, it was ordered that the Bill be recommitted to a committee of the whole.
TUESDAY, March 6.
Sundry petitions were read and referred. A representation from the legislature of North-Carolina, was read, respecting certain lands ceded to the Indians in the territory southwest of the Ohio.
Mr. Parker introduced the following resolution, which being seconded, was laid on the table—viz.
Resolved, That the Secretary of the Treasury be directed to report what money, if any, now remains in the treasury, of appropriations made previous to the year 1791—distinguishing what sums remain of the respective appropriations.
Mr. Williamson laid the following motion on the table—That a committee be appointed to report a bill to amend the impost law, so far as to permit the landing of salt at certain warehouses belonging to the fisheries—and to provide for the allowance of a drawback on the salt used on provisions exported.
The militia bill was brought in, engrossed, and read the third time.
Mr. Vining then moved that the bill should be re-committed—This motion, after debate, was negatived—28 to 27. The House then proceeded to fill up the blanks; which being completed, the ayes and noes were called on the passing the bill—and were, ayes 31, noes 27.
Mr. Gerry reported a bill for reducing the rates of postage on newspapers—this bill proposes a reduction of the postage to one half the rates in the post-office law.
A report was read from the Secretary of the Treasury, respecting the difficulties which have occurred in the execution of the excise, &c. and 100 copies ordered to be printed. Adjourned.
In the SENATE of the UNITED STATES, on Thursday the 1st of March.
Mr. Sherman, from the joint committee appointed to consider and report what business is necessary to be done by Congress in the present session, and what part of the business now depending may be without great inconvenience postponed to the next session of Congress, that the proceedings may be so regulated as to close this session, by the first Tuesday of April next,—Reported, and the report was read, and ordered to lie for consideration.
The report is as follows: 1. A bill for regulating processes in the Courts of the United States.
2 A bill on the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, on the subject of the public debt.
3. Amendments to the excise act.
4. The bill for the protection of the frontiers.
5. An act for the apportionment of representatives.
6. A bill providing for the settlement of claims of persons under particular circumstances, barred by the resolves of limitation.
7. A bill for the relief of certain widows, orphans, invalids, and other persons.
8. A bill to regulate the claims to half pay and invalid pensions.
9. A bill to compensate the officers of the customs.
10. A bill for compensating the loan officers.
11. A bill for registering the vessels
12. A bill for regulating the coasting trade
13. A bill for regulating the militia
14. A bill for establishing a mint
15. A bill to provide the monies necessary for protecting the frontiers
16. A bill for making alterations in the treasury and war departments.
The committee further reported, that in their opinion, it will be expedient to attend to the following business during the present session, if it can be done before the first Tuesday of April next, at which time the two Houses have proposed to adjourn.
1. A bill respecting fugitives from justice.
2. A bill concerning the office of Attorney-General.
3. A bill to reimburse the expenses of the late commissioners for trading with the Creek Indians,
4. A bill granting further compensati-
ons to certain receivers of continental taxes.
5. A bill for giving efficacy to certain acts of Georgia, Maryland, and Rhode-Island.
6. A bill concerning consuls and vice-consuls.
7. The report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the subject of manufactures.
8. A bill to direct the finishing the light-house on Bald Head, in North-Carolina.
The committee are further of opinion, that the consideration of the following subjects may, without inconvenience, be postponed until the next session.
1. A bill to regulate trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes.
2. A bill to establish a land officer for the sale of the Western Lands.
3. A bill respecting bankruptcy.
4. The Attorney-General's Report on the judicial system.
5. Propositions of amendment to the constitution.
From the American Daily Advertiser of Monday last.
Mr. DUNLAP;
IT has been a well known trick with corrupt clergy, when their evil ways have been pointed out and reprov'd, to call it an attack on religion, made by its secret enemies. So it seems to me to be the policy of some who come forward in answer to strictures of the press, on certain public measures and proceedings, to brand it as a design to overturn the government. The trick, however, is too stale to pass. When it is seen and known to the people, that the members of the government, and the few favored by them, have been the greatest gainers by all the measures of the government, there must be good proof to the contrary, before the people will believe that all has been right, and that the cry that the government is attacked, and in danger, is not raised by the craft who are alarmed for themselves at the spirit of enquiry and the voice of truth, which have come forth. Prudent people will rather therefore become more suspicious when they hear these appeals from the merits of the business to their fears and their supposed prejudices. God forbid it should turn out that there be any such among us as will to destroy the government by factions and intrigues. I hope there may be none such. But if there be, is there not more just ground to suspect those who unceasingly praise and puff all the public measures which tend to raise the few into a splendid opulence, and to generate monarchical and corrupt principles and habits, rather than those who feel disgust at these perversions of the government, and, in their alarm for liberty and
republican systems, give too strong vent perhaps to their indignation.—For my part, I do verily believe, that the former alone are to be dreaded. There never yet was a good government pulled down by freely and boldly taxing its proceedings: whereas arbitrary governments have been often built up by varnishing their doings, and free ones turned into arbitrary ones, by blindly submitting to the gradual change brought about by abuses of power, and the subtle workings of the enemies to the popular rights.
Let those who deny that abuses have prevailed, and even corruption, come forth and appeal to the true test. Let facts bring in the verdict. Our present worthy Governor, it may be remembered, was once attacked, with charges of having made his fortune, by base means, out of an office he had held. As he was innocent, his friends did not desire enquiry—but wished for it—and he himself to his immortal honor, instead of shunning investigation, took the most effectual of all steps to clear himself and confound his accusers—for he made out a schedule of his property when he went into office, and another when he came out, and by comparing these together (the truth of which could be pretty well judged of by those who knew his affairs) he shewed that he had not availed himself of the means of peculation, or official occasions, of getting rich—Query—Whether the members of the federal legislature could stand this test?—And if it be found that some are rich now, who were poor, in a manner, heretofore, and that the change has been made without any ordinary or visible means therefor, then suspicion at least will operate—and if no such change be found, then it would die away, and the public be easy. But sooner than take this course, it is more likely to see attempts to ridicule and burlesque the idea, which is commonly the refuge of those who wish to turn the attention of the public from a sober pursuit of suspected iniquity.
But if the example of our worthy Governor be too terrible, or be otherwise objectionable, in the present case, let the subscribers' names to the bank, where the subscribers are men who had a hand in that work, be printed, and let it be seen, by the fact, whether there is ground to suspect the individuals of the government of speculating and making fortunes, in their own measures.—For if it appear, that this has been done, every honest man will have his thoughts, and every free man will dare to express them, in spite of any false alarms of interested men, that the government (in reality themselves only) is in danger. But little is such a publication to be expected. For besides, that disagreeable truths might come to light, such a proceeding would be very popular, and it is the fashion now-a-days to despise popularity.
A SPECTATOR.
A U T H E N T I C.
SCHEDULE of the whole Number of INHABITANTS within the State of SOUTH-CAROLINA.
   Parishes. Counties. Districts. Free white males of 16 years and upwards, including heads of families. Free white males under 16 years. Free white females, including heads of families. All other free persons. Slaves. Total.     All Saints Georgetown 104 102 223 1 1795 2225   Prince Georges do. 1345 1450 2236 80 6651 11762   Prince Frederick do. 907 915 1196 32 4685 8135   Cheraws 1779 1993 3646 59 3229 10706   Fairfield Camden 1335 1874 2929 1485 7623   Chester do. 1446 1604 2831 47 938 6866   York do. 1350 1612 2690 29 923 6604   Richland do. 596 710 1173 14 1437 3930   Clarendon do. 444 516 830 602 2392   Claremont do. 517 841 1080 2110 4548   Lancaster do. 1253 1537 2074 68 1370 6302   Edgefield Ninety Six 2333 2571 4701 65 3619 13280   Pendleton do. 2007 2535 4189 3 834 9568   Spartanburgh do. 1868 2173 3866 27 866 8800   Abbeville do. 1904 1948 3653 27 1665 9197   Laurens do. 1909 2270 3971 7 1120 9337   Grenville do. 1400 1627 2861 9 606 6503   Union do. 1500 1809 3121 48 1215 7693   Newberry do. 1992 2232 3962 12 1144 9342   Beaufort 1266 1055 2043 153 14236 18753   North part Orangeburgh 1780 1693 3258 21 4529 11281   South do. do. 1421 1478 2782 149 1402 7232   St. Phillips } Charles town 2810 1561 3718 586 7684 16359   St. Michaels }   St. Bartholomes do. 625 491 1017 135 10338 12606   St. Johns Berkley do. 209 152 331 60 5170 5922   St. Georges, Dorchester do. 337 311 604 25 3022 4299   St. Stephens do. 81 45 100 1 2506 2733   St. James Santee do. 140 110 187 15 3345 3797   St. Thomas do. 145 67 185 34 3405 3836   Christ Church do. 156 138 272 11 2377 2954   St. James Goose Creek do. 158 79 202 15 2333 2787   St. Johns Colleton do. 209 104 272 22 4705 5312   St. Andrews do. 125 71 174 31 2546 2947   St. Pauls do. 65 48 103 15 3202 3433   35576 37722 66880 1801 107094 249073  
I do hereby certify the above to be a just return of the Census of the State of South-Carolina, as taken by my Assistants. Given under my hand this fifth day of February, 1792.
Is. HUGER, Fed. Marshal.

PHILADELPHIA.
MARCH 8, 1792.
Proposals are advertised to be received at the office of the Secretary of the Treasury until Wednesday afternoon the 21st instant, for a large quantity of clothing for the troops in the service of the United States.—viz. 4608 hats, 4608 coats, 4608 vests, 8668 woollen overalls, 9216 linen ditto, 18376 pairs of shoes, 18460 shirts, 7956 pairs of socks, 4608 blankets—ditto stocks—ditto stock clasps—ditto pairs of buckles. For the cavalry;—320 caps, 320 coats, 320 vests, 320 pairs of leather breeches—640 pairs of boots, 320 ditto spurs, 640 ditto stockings, 1280 shirts, 320 blankets, 320 stocks, 320 stock clasps—also 1200 rifle shirts, to be made of Russia sheeting.
At a large meeting of the citizens of Albany, on the nomination of the Hon. Judge Jay, and Mr. Van Rensselaer, as governor and lieutenant governor of the state of New-York, only five votes appeared against them—the same unanimity in their favour appeared in every place from whence information had been received—an idea beginning to prevail through those parts of the country, that ROTATION is absolutely necessary in the office of republican Governor.
Mr. Spillard the celebrated English traveller, arrived at Savannah, in Georgia, on the 14th of February last. He was to leave that city in a few days for New Orleans, taking the Indian foot paths through the country. At New Orleans he was to meet Lord Fitzgerald, who was on his way there from Quebec. They were then to proceed in company up the Mississippi to the Missouri, which they intended to explore to its source, and from thence, if possible, travel to the head of the Oregon [or river of the west] which falls into the south seas.
It is remarkable that so long after the engagement with the Indians as the 5th of January (two months) the dead bodies of the slain were still untouched by wild animals.—The party that went to reconnoitre the place, found the small arms all broken on the field, and the bayonets thrust through the bodies of the dead.
The latter end of January several severe shocks of an earthquake were felt in different and distant parts of Jamaica. It does not appear that any considerable damage has been done by these shocks.
The plunder taken by the Indians, on the 4th of Nov. last, exclusive of arms, clothing, watches, &c. is said to have been two bushels of hard money, seven hundred pack-horses, and two hundred bullocks.
The packet FRANKLIN, lately arrived at New-York from L'Orient, had not forty days passage, as mentioned in several New-York and Philadelphia papers, but was twelve weeks and four days in reaching her destined port.—Why the French packets, bound to this continent, have almost invariably much longer passages than the heaviest merchant ships, is not certainly known. These vessels for the most part are good sailers, and well found: conjectures therefore might be formed, either that they are not conducted by persons well acquainted with the northern Atlantic navigation, or, that being scantily manned, they are obliged to be over-cautious as to carrying sail during the night.
Repeated complaints appear in some of the Boston papers, of a restless spirit among a part of the citizens of Boston for incorporating that capital, with city privileges, &c. Tories are said to be at the head of the party for incorporation. What is particularly designated by persons of this denomination, at present, is not expressly said—they are, however, (negatively) described as the friends of aristocracy; and in direct opposition to the industrious tradesman, the enlightened patriot, and the true republican; sticklers for monied influence; and such as would prevent their poorer neighbours from standing up for equal privileges with them in the highest acts of town governments.
The legislature of Massachusetts have before them, for consideration, the report of a committee appointed to enquire into the practicability of cutting a navigable canal between Barnstable and Buzzard's bay—also, the report of another committee on the subject of a separation of the district of Maine; upon which they have determined that a notification be made to ascertain the sense of the inhabitants, whether they will generally agree to a separation or not.—The report of the committee on Buzzard's bay canal has been since agreed to, and sent to the upper house for concurrence.
Letters from Cape Francois inform, that a detachment of three hundred men of the Welsh-Irish regiment landed there on the 27th of January, together with five hundred of the regiment of Provence, and a large quantity of artillery, shot, and other military stores.—The ships, with six thousand more troops, were in sight of the island, having on board three millions (of livres) intended to relieve the wants of the colony.
Thirty thousand more troops were soon looked for. The mulattoes and negroes, as their last effort, had entirely burnt and ravaged all that highly cultivated part of Hispaniola, called La Plaine, and committed the most shocking murders.
A committee of their body, has been appointed by the Senate of the United States, to consider the expediency of building a Light-House on Montock-Point a dangerous projection of land on the south side of Long-Island, state of New-York.
On the 14th of January, the anniversary of the UGLY CLUB was celebrated in Charleston (S. C.) with all the joy and festivity inseparable from the occasion. WILLIAM PRICE, Esq. was elected president for the ensuing year.—Numerous applications for admittance, it is said, were made during the late year, but few found sufficiently qualified for enrollment.
Messieurs North and Vesey, owners of a flourishing Rope Manufactory in the vicinity of Charleston, have unfortunately suffered a loss of good sterling, by their buildings taking fire on the 20th of January, wherein was a large quantity of cordage, hemp, yarn, &c. which were almost entirely consumed.
On the 26th of the same month, in Charleston, a house narrowly escaped being consumed by means of a globular decanter, which had been accidentally placed in a window fronting the south. The rays of the sun passing through the decanter, collected to a focus, and set fire to a mahogany slab, which instantly kindled into a blaze; but was discovered in time to prevent further mischief.
The total number of the inhabitants of South Carolina, according to the last census, is 249,073. Deducting from this number two-fifths of the slaves, according to the rule prescribed in the constitution, and there will remain 206,236, which number will, according to the ratio of 30,000 established in the bill now pending, entitle South Carolina to six representatives, and leave a surplus of 26,236.
Translated extract of a letter from France, Dec. 1.
"It is the general opinion of people of discernment here, that all the powers of Europe are at this moment acting a hypocritical part towards France. Hardly a doubt exists with the better informed, that the ex-princes are more or less assisted by these powers with money, and even encouraged to try their fortune in the invasion of their native country in the spring. This idea, and this only, accounts for the obstinate opposition of the princes, and their refusal to return into the kingdom, which might, if not thus supported, be justly denominated rashness, desperation and madness. An opinion exists throughout Europe, with regard to France, a good deal like that which prevailed in England with respect to America, during the whole of the unfortunate war between the mother country and the then colonies; that is, that the greater part of the people were disaffected to the usurped government, and were only waiting a powerful support to declare themselves and restore the old domination.—The European powers, it is thought, will in this affair act towards the princes much in the manner France did towards America—(not, I hope, with similar success)—They will be supported in a private manner, will be urged on to invade France, and if they should then be joined by those innumerable hosts, those irritated millions, who, it is pretended, are groaning under the tyranny of those ambitious demagogues, the national assembly and their adherents; the emperor, and the rest of them, will then throw off the masque, and immediately re-establish despotism. There is no doubt that they all reckon France too great an object to be lost to the common cause, if there be a possibility to prevent it; and they well know, that if France does really become the freest kingdom in Europe, her freedom will as naturally in a short time pervade the other parts, in the fullest extent of the word, as water finds its level. With regard to an invasion of the eastern frontiers, it is therefore more than probable it will be made in some force, with a view to feel the pulse of the nation. That it will not succeed is morally certain to every man who travels through the kingdom, as I have done, and is not blinded by prejudice, the nation being now determined and unanimous, and the great reservoir of the safe blood exported into Germany. The Pope has lost Avignon, Carpentras, and the territory Venaissin, a delightful fertile country in the midst of France, formerly gifted to the Pope by a worthless monarch, and now resumed into the hands of the people, to whom these provinces justly belong."
Extract of a letter from Cape Francois, dated 6th Feb. 1792, received by the Brig Hetty, Capt. W. Davis.
"We have at last the pleasure to advise you, that 1100 men are arrived from France, & will be followed with 4900 more: these forces would have been here sooner, but the transports were ordered to stop at Cadiz to take up a sum of money for government. This arrival keeps up our spirits: it was high time to stop the murders of the mulattoes at the South part of this Island. The Assembly sent immediately 400 men to the Cayes St. Louis, where the mulattoes act in a horrid manner. It has always been told, that in the whole there are 18000 destined for our assistance; but we begin to doubt it will be too extensive, and very sorry to add, in
some regard too late, the negroes having destroyed this last month a vast quantity of plantations, and put fire to the ripe sugar canes—the only hope left to the planters entering again on their property, to make a small revenue to live on.
"All our produce is raised to exorbitant prices—Sugar 90 to 1321. Coffee 25 to 308. Cocoa 15 to 168. Molasses 100 to 1208. per vel. Flour 6 dollars, Rice 26 to 281."
The agricultural society of Paris have not contented themselves with barely recommending good books on the subject of agriculture to those engaged in the cultivation of land: They have formed an association of people who have subscribed 300 livres or 60 dollars each for printing good elementary works on agriculture, on a plan so economical, that they may be sold at half the usual price. One of the association has undertaken to print them for the price of the labour and materials. The capital being returned by the sale of the books, will serve always for the same purpose.—The common class of farmers, it is observed, do not read, not from want of inclination, but on account of the high price of the general class of agricultural books. Such as they can get for nothing they read with avidity. A friend to mankind would therefore imagine, that by reducing good works on agriculture to a price within the reach of the less wealthy class of farmers, at a time when the periodical papers have rendered them fond of reading, it would not be difficult to eradicate prejudices, convey to them information, and promote their general welfare.
"The great inequality of property (says the Boston Argus of the 21st ult.) occasioned principally by a number of highly favored men, having an almost certain knowledge of the mode of establishing the United States securities and the funding system, may be named as one of the causes of the late expedition against the Indians; as it gave them influence and consequently an opportunity of uniting with some other characters (to some of whom grants had been previously made) of purchasing lands upon the Ohio, of Congress, and obtaining from Congress an army in order to exterminate the Indians, its proper owners—but, the misfortune attending the expedition will occasion an enquiry into the propriety of the measure.—American glory ought not to be sullied for the sake of conveying to insatiable Bashaws "more acres than fall to the share of many European princes to govern."
AUTHENTIC.
SECOND CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES.
At the first Session, begun and held at the city of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania on Monday the twenty-fourth of October, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one.
An ACT for making farther and more effectual Provision for the Protection of the Frontiers of the United States.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the battalion of artillery now in service be completed according to the establishment, and that the two regiments of infantry now in service, be completed to the number of nine hundred and sixty non-commissioned officers, privates and musicians each.
And be it further enacted, That there shall be raised for a term not exceeding three years, three additional regiments, each of which, exclusively of the commissioned officers, shall consist of nine hundred and sixty non-commissioned officers, privates and musicians; and that one of the said regiments be organized in the following manner, that is to say, two battalions of infantry, each of which, exclusively of the commissioned officers, shall consist of three hundred and twenty non-commissioned officers, privates and musicians; and that it shall be a condition in the enlistment of the said dragoons, to serve as dismounted dragoons, whenever they shall be ordered thereto: That the organization of the said squadron of light dragoons shall be, as follows, to wit; one major, one adjutant, one quartermaster, one surgeon's mate, and four troops, each of which shall consist of one captain, one lieutenant, one cornet, four serjeants, four corporals, one farrier, one saddler, one trumpeter and sixty-nine dragoons; and the President may arm the said troops, as he shall think proper.
Provided always, and be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for the President of the United States to organize the said five regiments of infantry, and the said corps of horse and artillery, as he shall judge expedient, diminishing the number of corps, or taking from one corps and adding to another, as shall appear to him proper, so that the whole number of officers and men shall not exceed the limits above prescribed: Provided, That the said three regiments shall be discharged as soon as the United States shall be at peace with the Indian tribes.
And be it further enacted, That the non-commissioned officers, privates and musicians of the said three regiments, shall be enlisted for the term of three years, unless previously discharged.
And be it further enacted, That every recruit, who shall be enlisted by virtue of this act, shall receive eight dollars bounty, and that the same
shall be made up to the non-commissioned officers, privates and musicians now in service, who have enlisted for three years, since the passing of the act intitled "An act for regulating the military establishment of the United States."
And be it further enacted, That the commissioned officers, who shall be employed to recruit for the military establishment, shall be entitled to receive, for every recruit, duly enlisted and mustered, two dollars.
And be it further enacted, That the monthly pay of the commissioned officers, non-commissioned officers, privates and musicians, on the military establishment of the United States, and of the three regiments authorized by this act, shall be, in future, as follows, free of all deductions, to wit:—GENERAL STAFF—A major-general, one hundred and sixty-six dollars. A brigadier-general, one hundred and four dollars. Quartermaster, one hundred dollars. Adjutant, to do also the duty of inspector, seventy-five dollars. Chaplain, fifty dollars. Surgeon, seventy dollars. Deputy-quarter-master, fifty dollars. Aid-de-camp, in addition to his pay in the line, twenty-four dollars. Brigade major, to act also as deputy inspector, in addition to his pay in the line, twenty-four dollars. Brigade major, to act also as deputy inspector, in addition to his pay in the line, twenty-four dollars. Principal artificer, forty dollars. Second artificer, twenty-six dollars.—REGIMENTAL—Lieutenant-colonel commandant, seventy-five dollars. Major commandant of artillery, and major of dragoons, fifty-five dollars. Paymaster, in addition to his pay in the line, ten dollars. Quarter-master, in addition to his pay in the line, eight dollars. Adjutant, in addition to his pay in the line, ten dollars. Majors of infantry, fifty dollars. Captains, forty dollars. Lieutenants, twenty-six dollars. Ensigns and cornets, twenty dollars. Surgeons, forty-five dollars. Mates, thirty dollars. Serjeant-majors and quarter-master-serjeants, seven dollars. Senior musicians six dollars. Serjeants, six dollars. Corporals, five dollars. Privates, three dollars. Musicians, four dollars. Artificers allowed to the infantry, light dragoons, and artillery, and included as privates, eight dollars. Matrons and nurses in the hospital, eight dollars.
And be it further enacted, That the rations, or money in lieu thereof, for the commissioned, non-commissioned officers, privates and musicians of the additional troops herein mentioned, shall be the same, as described in the aforesaid act, intitled "An act for regulating the military establishment of the United States," and in the act passed in the third session of the first Congress, intitled "An act for raising and adding another regiment to the military establishment of the United States, and for making farther provision for the protection of the frontiers."
And be it further enacted, That the forage, to be allowed to the officers of the additional regiments authorized by this act, be the same as described by the acts before mentioned.
And be it further enacted, That the allowance of clothing for non-commissioned officers and privates of the infantry of the said three regiments, shall be the same, as is by law established: that suitable clothing be provided for the cavalry, and adapted to the nature of the service, and conformed as near as may be, to the value of the clothing allowed to the infantry and artillery.
And be it further enacted, That all the commissioned, and non-commissioned officers, privates and musicians of the said three regiments, shall take the same oaths, shall be governed by the same rules and regulations, and in cases of disabilities, shall receive the same compensations, as are described in the beforementioned act, intitled "An act for regulating the military establishment of the United States."
And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, to forbear to raise, or to discharge, after they shall be raised, the whole or any part of the said three additional regiments, in case events shall in his judgment, render his so doing consistent with the public safety.
And be it further enacted, That the President be, and he hereby is authorized, from time to time, to call into service, and for such periods as he may deem requisite, such number of cavalry as, in his judgment, may be necessary for the protection of the frontiers: Provided, That non-commissioned officers shall not be allowed more than one dollar per day, nor the privates more than seventy-five cents per day, each person finding his horse, arms and accoutrements, and at his own risque, and twenty-five cents per day in lieu of rations and forage: Provided he furnish himself therewith.
And be it further enacted, That the President alone be, and he hereby is authorized to appoint, for the cavalry to be engaged, the proper commissioned officers, who shall not exceed, in number and rank, the proportions assigned to the said three regiments, and whose pay and other allowances shall not, exclusively of fifty cents per day for the use and risque of their horses, exceed those of officers of corresponding rank, in the said regiments.
And be it further enacted, That the President of the United States be authorized, in case he shall deem the measure expedient, to employ such number of the Indians, and for such compensations, as he may think proper: Provided, The said compensations do not, in the whole, exceed twenty thousand dollars.
JONATHAN TRUMBULL, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
JOHN ADAMS, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate.
Approved, March the fifth, 1792. G. WASHINGTON, President of the United States.
This Day are published, SERMONS, Historical and Characteristical: By WILLIAM LINN, D. D. Sold by T. DOBSON, R. CAMPBELL, & M. CAREY. [Price Three Quarters of a Dollar.]

ON TREES IN CITIES.
A Citizen may be termed an artificial being, as both his residence and means of life are the peculiar effect of art. The very ground he walks upon is not that which nature traced out. It is on the contrary a pavement, made with great care and expence; and his prospects, instead of being bounded by the works of nature, are commonly limited by a brick wall, a steeple, and the tiresome uniform regularity of a street.
Long habit, or necessity, can alone reconcile a man to a city life; the savage, and even the civilized rustic, revolts at the idea, and pities the mechanic, the shopman, or still more respectable characters, for being immersed amidst smoke, foul air, and other squalid appendages of a large town, without perhaps the power of removing therefrom.
Even those, however, who seem to have become reconciled to a city life, have their fits of disgust at being thus penned up, and, if they can any way afford it, at least once a year play truant, and gratify themselves with the rude and natural scenes of the country.
A city, then, being the constrained residence of so many thousands of men, what wonder that they have not, generally, taken more pains to transplant the imitative works of nature (such as a row of fine trees) through the tedious uninter-rupted sameness of an extended street! —
Legislatures and city corporations have ever been inimical to trees in cities. — About nine years ago the attempt was made in Philadelphia to cut down all the trees — the public, however, demurred to the decree, which, together with Mr. Hopkinson's Columnal Orator, saved the lives of these useful and amusing companions. —
In a neighboring city, a similar attempt was made about a year ago by its corporation. A universal extirpation was ordered, without respect to age or quality, by the 10th of June, 1791. — The public interfered in this, as in the other case, and the trees were saved; I except a few, which having been injudiciously placed, above a century ago, had nearly grown into the inhabitants' houses; and consequently suffered the sentence of the law. — Trees in towns are conducive to health as well as convenience; they please the eye, ob-struct the burning rays of the summer sun, and impart, in some degree, the blessings of rural life, to him who is confined to the counter, the shop-board, and other sedentary employments in a large city.
† A Copy of verses, on this occasion, were as follows.
THE LANDLORD'S SOLILOQUY.
A MAN that own'd some trees in town, (And much averst to cut them down) Finding the Law was full and plain, No trees should in the streets remain, One evening seated at his door, Thus gravely talk'd the matter o'er :
"The fatal DAY, dear trees, draws nigh, When you must, like your betters, die, Must die! — And every leaf shall fade That many a season lent its shade, To drive from hence the summer's heat, And make my porch a favorite seat.
"Thrice happy age, when all was new And trees untouch'd, unenvied grew, When yet regardless of the axe, They own'd no law, and paid no tax; The shepherd then at ease was laid, Or walk'd beneath their cooling shade; From slender twigs a garland wove, Or trac'd his god within the grove; Alas! those times are now forgot, An iron age is all our lot: Men are not now what once they were, To hoard up gold is all their care: The busy tribe old Plutus calls To pebbled streets and painted walls; Trees now to grow, is held a crime, And these must perish in their prime!
"The trees that once our fathers rear'd, And even the plundering Briton spar'd, When shivering here full oft he stood, Or kept his bed for want of wood — These trees, whose gently bending boughs Have wittnefs'd many a lover's vows, When half afraid, and half in jest, With Nature busy in his breast, With many a sigh, bestow'd in vain, Beneath these boughs he told his pain, Or coaxing here his nymph by night Forsook the parlour and the light, In talking love his greatest bliss To squeeze her hand or steal a kiss — These trees that thus have lent their shade And many a happy couple made, These old companions, thus endear'd, Who never tattled what they heard, Must these, indeed, be kill'd so soon — Be murder'd by the tenth of June!
"But if my harmless trees must fall, A fortune that awaits us all, (All, all must yield to Nature's stroke, And now a man, and now an oak) Are these that round the churches grow In this decree included too? Must these, like common trees, be bled? Is it a crime to shade the dead? Review the law, I pray, at least, And have some mercy on the priest, Who every Sunday sweats in black To make us steer the skyward track: The church has lost enough, God knows, Plunder'd alike by friends and foes — I hate such mean attempts as these — Come — let the parson keep his trees!
"Yet things, perhaps, are not so bad — Perhaps a respite may be had: The vilest rogues that cut our throats, Or knaves that counterfeit our notes, When, by the judge their sentence pass'd, The gallows proves their doom at last, Villains and pests of every kind, For weeks and months a respite find; And shall such nuisances as they Who make all honest men their prey —
Shall they, for months avoid their doom, And you, my trees, in all your bloom, Who never injur'd small or great, Be murder'd at so short a date!
"Ye men of law, the occasion feice And name a counsel for the trees — Arrest of judgment, firs, I pray; Excuse them till some future day: The trees that such a nuisance are Next NEW-YEAR we can better spare, To warm our skins, or boil the pot — The LAW, by then, will be forgot."
For the NATIONAL GAZETTE.
MR. FRENEAU,
I happen to be one of those odd kind of people who stile themselves philosophers — & let me tell you was just about throwing your paper (No. 36) into the fire, when I read the following passage in it: — "The practice of killing the bees when you take their wax and honey, is not so cruel as it may appear on the first view, to persons of great humanity. The life of the bee is naturally but short, and with the best management, they must pass but an uncomfortable winter, after they are robbed of their provision" — And why? because, "there can be no great purpose answered in preserving the bees when their food is taken away; for in these circumstances they require more care and attention than the farmer can bestow, to preserve them from perishing." — Alas! alas! the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel — This is worse than opening the goose to get the golden eggs — For if the bee is to be destroyed because it's life is short, and it can pass but an uncomfortable winter, &c. I know of many bipeds, who ought to be sent to fight the Indians every year on the same principle. Did this writer never hear of the Rev. Mr. Wildman, as well as of Mr. Shoemaker and Mr. Lukins? — He had better have gone on conveying these useful insects from Achaia to Attica — or to Beauce or into the Gatinois — than thus to shorten the short existence of so valuable a creature.
I could hardly help smiling, too, to read your next column; where some poor prejudiced philosopher, like myself, has been endeavoring to excite our humanity in favor of the black bipeds; a set of animals, surely not more useful than the poor bee; and notwithstanding the foolish reasonings of many, who call themselves Christians, the negroes can be no better than the bee — indeed they are worse, for they are lazy, proud, and revenge-ful; the bee is only the last; and the negroes can never be called MEN in America, where all who have a claim to this title are free and equal. Thus reason the politicians — The Christian (so called) must have been well convinced that the black animal has no soul; for surely he would not make a beast of a brother.
But where am I wandering — I must stop, or I shall soon be in the situation of many writers, who are so lengthy, they are never read — One thought, however, I must drop before I conclude; which is, that the piece in question is not a real one; for, if it had been delivered by the PRESIDENT OF THE SOCIETY, we should certainly have had his name — who the writer is, I know not, but with him in future to be more of.
A PHILOSOPHER.
March 1, 1792.
[The following is from the New-York Journal of Feb. 25.]
AN OLD PROPHECY.
ABOUT the year 1792, the people of the United States shall offer a curious phenomenon to the philosophic eye of the world — A whole nation, and that too a republic, in the morning of their glory, smitten with the love of gold!
And the philosophers and patriots of Europe shall hear thereof, and like the penitent nobles of Ni-neveh, shall cover themselves with sackcloth and ashes, and send messengers to enquire into the cause thereof.
And these messengers shall return for answer, that the United States possess many wise and virtu-ous citizens who love their country, and indi-vidually despise gold; among others, one that pre-sides over their treasury department; but that this great minister seems not to be so skilful in the science of human nature as his genius and phi-lanthropy deserve — hence all his schemes and plans have tended and tended only to meliorate the pockets, and not the heads and hearts of the people — that he has talked to them so much of imposts, and of funds, and of banks, and of ma-nufactures, that they are considered as the cardi-nal virtues of the union. — Hence liberty, inde-pendence, philosophy, and genius have been struck out from the American vocabulary, and the hieroglyphic of money inserted in their stead, as a symbol of every thing worthy the estimation of a man.
That the gangrene thus began at the heart of their constitution, though spreading too fast to-wards the extremities by the activity of its own vi-rus, is yet about to be inoculated into the distant limbs, and this, as is pretended, will save the bo-dy from mortification and from death!
That poverty, though dignified by the purest virtue, is every where considered as the sum of all evil: hence all the ordinary walks of industry be-gin to be loathed, and are about to be abandoned for the golden dreams of speculation; and not-withstanding the wonted superiority of agriculture in the opinion of the wise and good, the phrase "low voice of the unnumbered farmer," is here considered as the emphatic description of misery and contempt! — That elevation, therefore, of soul, which, du-ring their unequal conflict with Britain, raised them to a sublimity of character, which excited the envy and admiration of the world, has yielded to the contagion of avarice, and they are now sunk into all the meannesses of stock jobbing.
They are also become liars, and hypocrites, and calumniators of the little virtue and merit which is left among them, for they say, that the Secreta-ry of the Treasury and those who adopted his plans in Congress, intended thereby "a monied aristo-cra-cy, and a government of influence;" whereas their crime was, a too good opinion of the sense and virtue of their countrymen, whose excessive ava-
rice, they did not foresee, was like the grave, which will never cry enough — Yet these diabolical ravens beset their state governors, and demand that they should follow the examples of the go-vernment, which, in the same breath, they have traduced.
The people of this country, notwithstanding, affect to be still enamoured of all the virtues of re-publicanism, wonder that any one can suspect them of a departure from their pristine purity, and treat with all the solemn indignation of speculative treason, the labours of the patriot of Braintree, though their conduct establishes his positions, and accelerates his predictions.
That they had fought in the usual haunts of virtue and of merit for those heroes and legisla-tors, who had conducted them through the tem-pests of anarchy, treason, and war, and had given to their country a name among the nations; but were told that here they were not to be found; that the wealthy part thereof enjoyed the smiles of the community, and might be seen in the paths of excitements, brokers, and stock jobbers; that the rest, frowned out of society on account of their po-verty, and driven for lack of bread into the wil-derness, had fallen in war by the hand of the sa-vages, or had associated their humble dwelling with those of the tenants of the forest, as neigh-bours who, at least, would not insult their indi-gence.
That every discoverable symptom gave mourn-ful intimation of a nation on the verge of infamy and ruin, by reason of prosperity, without an ade-quate share of wisdom and virtue!
HATTERAS SHOALS.
AT the time of Sir Walter Raleigh's ap-proaching the American shores, the shoals in the vicinity of Hatteras were found to be ex-tremely dangerous, and no vessels, in that latitude, ventured within seven leagues of the land. From a survey of the ancient drafts of this part of the coast, there can be no doubt but the fears of for-mer navigators were not without foundation, as these shoals are laid down very large in extent, and in many places covered not with more than five or six feet water, at a great distance from the land.
The constant experience of the coasting trade of the United States, demonstrates, either that the ancient drafts were purposely falsified in order to deter seamen from venturing too near a coast with which they had as yet a very slender ac-quaintance; or (which is the most probable) that by the strong currents hereabouts, which are only counter currents of the Gulph-Stream, the sands, which were originally heaped up in this part of the ocean by some ancient convulsion of nature, have been gradually wearing away, and dimin-ishing to what we find them to be at this time.
At present the out-shoals, which lie about four-teen miles south-east of the Cape, are but of five or six acres extent, and where they are really dangerous to vessels of moderate draught, not more than half that number of acres. On the shoalest part of these is, at low water, about ten feet, and here at times the ocean breaks in a tre-mendous manner, spouting, as it were, to the clouds, from the violent agitations of the gulph, which touches the eastern edge of these banks, from whence the declivity is sudden, that is to say, from ten fathoms to no soundings. On the spot above mentioned, which is firm land, it has been the hard lot of many a good vessel to strike, in a gale of wind, and go to pieces. — In moderate weather, however, these shoals may be passed over, if necessary, at full tide, without much danger, by vessels not drawing more than eight, nine, or ten feet water.
From this bank, which was formerly of vast extent, and called the Full-Moon-Shoal, a ridge runs the whole distance to the Cape, about a N. W. course: this ridge, which is about half a mile wide, has on it at low tide generally 10, 11 and 12 feet water, with gaps at unequal intervals affording good channels of about 15 or 16 feet. The most noted of these channels, and most used by coasting vessels, is about one mile and an half from the land, and may easily be known by a range of breakers which are always seen, on the west side, and a breaker-head or two on the east-ern side, which however are not so constant, only appearing when the sea is considerably agitated. This channel is at least two and an half miles wide, and might at full sea be safely passed by large ships. These, however, rarely attempt it. The common tides swell about six feet, and al-ways come from the south-east. — A little north of the Cape is good anchorage in four or five fa-thoms, and, with the wind to the westward, a boat may land in safety, and even bring off casks of fresh water, plenty of which is to be found every where on the beach, by digging a foot or two, and putting a barrel into the land.
March 6.
On a rich old Miser's narrow escape from foun-dering at sea, in an old crazy vessel, which he had, through economic motives, preferred to a fine new one, to embark with his whole property.
"Mala soluta navis exit alite, "Ferens olentem Maecium."
ALACK! what a pity, the niggardly loon Did nae, with his gold, to the bottom gang doon! But the reason I'll tell you: — Auld Neptune ken'd weel, From his lean wither'd carcase, one plentiful meal No fish could e'er pick: — and his heart was so baird, Awa the sharks, wi' one voice, to their monarch declar'd, 'Twas nae food for them, — they too sorely were frighted, Lest their teeth it should break, if they ventur'd to bite it. J. C.
A few Copies of the REPORT of the Secretary of the Treasury, of the 6th inst. on the PUBLIC DEBT, may be had at this Office.
ROBERT SMOCK, Woollen Draper & Mercer,
Has just received by the ship Pigou, from London, and for sale at his Store, on the north east corner of Market and Third streets, Philadelphia,
AN ELEGANT ASSORTMENT OF SUPERFINE and super broadcloths, in almost every colour.
Ladies superfine habit cloths, in the most fashion-able colours.
Superfine cassimers, do. Do. and super elastic striped cloths.
Milled drabs and hunters cloths.
A variety of fancy waistcoating, in silk, silk and cotton, silk molekin, cassimers printed and tambooured, and superfine striped Spanish toili-nets.
Mens black fattins, florentines, and silk prunellas of superior qualities
Silk, silk and cotton, cotton and worsted hose, assorted.
Sattins and mantuas, a beautiful variety.
Superfine rattinets, with a large collection of best trimmings for cloths, &c. of every quality.
Moreens, joans spinning, durants and caliman coes.
Hairbines and camblets, &c.
9-8 wide superfine Marfeilles quilting with bor-ders.
Marfeilles bedquilt and cotton counterpanes, 9-4 to 12-4.
Flanders bedbunts and bedtickings.
A beautiful variety of chintzes and cottons.
An elegant assortment of yard wide furniture chintzes, in beautiful colours and patterns, with a large variety of furniture cottons.
Velveteens, velvets, corduroys, thickfests, fancy cords, stockinets, royal ribs, fatinets, hair plushes, &c. &c.
Striped and grey, twilled and plain Bath coatings. Rose blankets assorted.
ROBERT SMOCK has also for Sale, a great Variety of GOODS of the best quality in their several kinds. He presumes it is unnecessary to be more particular in the enumeration, and that it is sufficient to say the assortment is very general and extensive, consisting of almost every article in his line of business. — Being desirous of giving entire satisfaction to those who may be pleased to favour him with their custom, as well as of meriting a continuance of those cus-tomers, whose favours he has hitherto experien-ced, he flatters himself the cheapness of his Goods will be the best means of effecting his wishes.
LOTS AND LANDS FOR SALE.
THE Subscriber wishes to sell sundry Lots and Houses in the town of Alexandria, in good situations for business; some of them are unimpro-ved. Also several tracts of Land in the counties of Fairfax and Loudoun; the Fairfax lands are from one and a half to four miles from Alexandria; the Loudoun lands 45 to 50 miles. A credit will be given for a considerable part of the value if re-quired by the purchaser; and as no person will buy without viewing the property, a description is un-necessary. I will also sell several tracts of land on the western waters, in the inhabited part of the country, containing from 300 to 2000 acres each. These lands will be sold low, either on long credit, or for money, as may best suit the purchaser. I have also a tract of 500 acres of low land in Accomack county, on the Eastern Shore of Virginia; about 50 acres of which are cleared, on the waters of Massango River, navigable for boats through the land. The land is of an excellent quality, and bea-utifully timbered, with White-Oak and Pine, and lies within 4 miles of a landing where a vessel of 9 to 10 feet water can load at. Mr. Walter Bayne, who lives near the land, will show it to any who may incline to purchase.
JOSIAH WATSON.
Alexandria, Feb. 20 1792.
611 a w.
District of Pennsylvania, to wit: BE it remembered, That on the fourteenth day of February, in the sixteenth year of the independence of the United States of America, H. H. BRACKENRIDGE, of the said district, hath deposited in this of-fice, the title of a Book, the right whereof he claims as author, in the words follow-ing, to wit: MODERN CHIVALRY, contain-ing the adventures of Captain JOHN FARRAGO, and TEAGUE O'REGAN, his servant. volume first — By H. H. BRACKENRIDGE. Quicquid agunt homines, nosfri, farrago Libelli. — Juvenal. — In conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States, entitled, "An act for the encouragement of learn-ing, by securing the copies of maps, charts, and books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned.
SAMUEL CALDWELL, Clerk of the District of Pennsylvania.
Just published, and to be sold by the Printer, J. M'CULLOCH, No. 1. N. Third-street, and at most of the Book-stores in this city, MODERN CHIVALRY:
CONTAINING THE ADVENTURES OF Captain JOHN FARRAGO, AND TEAGUE O'REGAN HIS SERVANT. VOLUME I. BY H. H. BRACKENRIDGE. Quicquid agunt homines, nosfri, farrago libelli. Juvenal.
PRINTED BY CHILDS AND SWAIN, AT THEIR OFFICE, NO. 239, HIGH-STREET, NEAR SIXTH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.