The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1801-08-05 00:00:00

The National Intelligencer,
AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. I. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, NEW-JERSEY AVENUE, NEAR THE CAPITOL.
No. CXIX.
FIVE DOLLS. PER ANN.
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5th, 1801.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
There are some men who appear to have lived entirely for the world. All their talents and exertions have been employed in improving the condition of their fellow-men. In the performance of the most arduous duties, they have exhibited an undaunted spirit, that neither power nor persecution could dismay.
Such men, whether they have survived the storm, or sunk under its fury, ought not to be forgotten by those whole happiness they have achieved. Their virtues and their courage give them a claim to immortality. Such a man was GERALD , who for the virtuous attempt to introduce, by the force of reason, annual elections and universal suffrage into England, was convicted in 1794, by the High Court of Justiciary of Scotland of sedition, and sentenced to transportation to Botany Bay for fourteen years. Before his departure for this receptacle of thieves and murderers, his health was feeble, and he died a martyr to freedom, either before his arrival at the place of his destination or soon afterwards.
In him we contemplate an illustrious example of innocence without a blot, persecuted to death, and of power persecuting to death with scarcely a pretext.
Such examples should live perpetually in the recollection of freemen. Though we are fortunately free from such atrocious acts of persecution, there are too liberally implanted in the human breast dispositions that require constant vigilance.
Let then public opinion, while it consecrates the memory of immolated virtue, execrate tyranny in all its odious shapes.
The following is the close of Mr. Gerald's eloquent address to the court and jury that convicted him.
"Gentlemen, when I look forward to the political horizon, the prospect seems awful and gloomy to a degree, at which the best men must shudder, and the ablest men must feel themselves incompetent to describe. Every thing is turbid and portentous. Indeed a blacker cloud never hung over this island. Those who are versed in the history of their country, in the history of the human race, must know that rigorous state prosecutions have always preceded the era of convulsion; and this era, I fear, will be accelerated by the folly and madness of our rulers. If the people are discontented, the proper mode of quieting their discontents is, not by instituting rigorous and sanguinary prosecutions, but by redressing their wrongs, and conciliating their affections. Courts of justice, indeed may be called in to the aid of ministerial vengeance; but if once the purity of their proceedings is suspected, they will cease to be objects of reverence to the nation; they will degenerate into empty and expensive pageantry, and become the partial instruments of vexatious oppression. Whatever may become of me, my principles will last forever. Individuals may perish, but truth is eternal. The rude blasts of tyranny may blow from every quarter, but freedom is that hardy plant which will survive the tempest, and strike an everlasting root into the most unfavourable soil.
"Impressed with the justice of these sentiments, dungeons, letters, exile, carry no horror to me; for I say, with the immortal Sydney, 'though I have a particular love to my country, of which, I hope, that I have given some testimony; though I think that being exiled from it is a great evil, from which I would redeem myself with the loss of a great deal of my blood; yet, when that country of mine, which used to be esteemed a paradise, is now like to be made a stage of injury; the liberty which we hoped to establish oppressed; the best of our nation made a prey to the worst; the parliament, court, and army, corrupted, the people enslaved; all things vendible, and no man safe, but by such evil and infamous means as flattery and bribery; what joy can I have in my own country in this condition? is it a pleasure to see all that I love in the world sold and destroyed? Shall I renounce all my old principles, learn the vile court arts, and make my peace by bri-
bing some of the crew? Shall their corruptions and vice be my safety? Ah! no; better is a life among strangers than in my own country upon such conditions. While I live I will endeavour to preserve my liberty; or, at least, not consent to the destroying of it. I hope I shall die in the same principles in which I have lived, and will live no longer than they can preserve me. I have in my life been guilty of many follies, but as I think of no meanness. I will not blot and defile that which is past, by endeavouring to provide for the future. I have ever heard in my mind, that should God cast me into such a condition as that I cannot save my life, but by doing an indecent thing, he shows me the time is come when I should resign it; and when I cannot live in my own country, but by such means as are worse than dying in it; I think he shows me that I ought to keep myself out of it.'—See Sydney's Letters .
"Gentlemen, I am in your hands, I feel not the slightest anxiety, if it would promote the cause, I would cheerfully make the sacrifice; for I perish on an occasion like the present, out of my ashes will arise a flame to consume the tyrants and oppressors of my country.
Moral light is as irresistible by the mind, as physical by the eye. All attempts to impede its progress are vain. It will roll rapidly along; and as well may tyrants imagine, that by placing their feet upon the earth, they can stop its diurnal motion, as that they shall be able, by efforts the most virulent and pertinacious, to extinguish the light of reason and philosophy, which happily for mankind is every where spreading around us.
"Surely the experience of ages should have taught our rulers, that prosecutions can never efface principles; and that the thunders of the state will prove impotent when weighed against patriotism, innocence and firmness. Whether, therefore, I shall be permitted to glide gently down the current of life, in the bosom of my native country, among those kindred spirits whose approbation constitutes the greatest comfort of my living; or, whether I be doomed to drag out the remainder of my existence amidst thieves and murderers, a wandering exile on the bleak and melancholy shores of New-Holland, my MIND, equal to either fortune, is prepared to meet the destiny that awaits it. Seu me tranquilla senectus.
"Expectat, seu mors atris circumvolat atris, Dives, inops, Romæ, seu foris Italia jussit. "
"To be torn a bleeding member from that country which we love, is indeed, upon the first view, painful in the extreme; but all things cease to be painful, when we are supported by the consciousness that we have done our duty to our fellow creatures; and a wise man rising superior to all local prejudices, if asked for his country will turn his eyes from 'this dim spot which men call earth, and will point, like Anaxagoras, to the Heavens.'— Milton .
FOR SALE,
A young Negro Girl,
About 15 years old—Apply at this office. April 22, 1801.
NEW BOOKS.
JUST received by the sloop Highland , capt. Hand, from Philadelphia, and now opening at the store of Rapine, Conrad and Co. corner of fourth B street and New Jersey Avenue; a very handsome assortment of books, amongst which are,
De Valcourt, by Mrs Bennett, author of Welch Heirets , Beggar Girl , &c. &c. Nocturnal Visit , 2 vols. by Maria Regina Roche, author of the Children of the Abbey , &c. The Girl of the Mountains , 2 vols. by Mrs. Farions, author of "Women as they are." Rash Vows ; or the effects of enthusiasm, by Madame de Genlis. The Farmer's Boy , a rural poem, by Robert Broomfield.
The life of Catharine the Second, Empress of Russia , 3 vols.
Dawin's phytologia ; or the philosophy of agriculture and gardening.
Also a general assortment of law books, and miscellaneous history, stationery, writing and wrapping paper, &c. &c. all which they will dispose of on the most reasonable terms.
N. B. Bookbinding in all its branches, with neatness and dispatch.
Washington, May 15,
BRITISH HOUSE OF COMMONS,
Wednesday, June 10.
IRISH MARTIAL LAW BILL.
Mr. ABBOTT moved the order of the day for resolving into committee on the Irish martial law bill.
Mr. DAWSON, (member for the county of Monaghan,) Mr. Stewart, of Killymoor, (member for Tyrone,) and Mr. Bagwell, (member for Tipperary,) earnestly expressed their hopes and entreaties, that the right hon. gentleman would not, at this late hour, (ten o'clock,) in so thin an assembly, and, more especially, in the almost utter absence of those gentlemen who represent that part of the United Kingdom called Ireland, press the bill into a committee. Many gentlemen, supposing, from the extent of other business in the course of the evening, that the present would be postponed, had gone away, and they requested, that the committee might at least be deferred till to-morrow.
Mr. LEE (member for Dungarvan) observed, that there was at this moment a fuller attendance of Irish members than there probably would be for the remainder of the session, as much the greater part were gone to Ireland, and most of the few who now remained would set out for that country to-morrow or next day. Almost all the members of that country had, in a discussion not very remote, spoken in favour of this bill, upon the fullest conviction of its urgent necessity, and therefore he was convinced, if they were present now, they would support it.
Mr. ABBOTT could not agree to defer the bill, as the tranquility of Ireland materially depended upon it, and as the present bill would expire so soon as the 24th of June.
The question for the committee being put, was carried in the affirmative; and the House resolved into a committee, Mr. Braggs in the chair.
Mr. ABBOTT stated, that the present bill was a transcript of the former one, which the House had passed about three months since. The only blank that remained to be filled up, was that for the period which the bill should be agreed on to continue in force; and he concluded by moving, that this blank be filled up with the words—during the continuance of the war, and for one month after the signing of a definitive treaty of peace.
Mr. W. B. PONSONBY said, the nature of the motion just made rendered any apology unnecessary for moving "that the chairman do leave the chair."
Mr. GEORGE PONSONBY (member for the county of Wicklow) immediately rose, and observed, that hitherto, and in the earlier part of the session, he had forborne to give any resistance to this bill, for various reasons: one was, that the powers it went to invest were placed in the hands of an illustrious nobleman (the marquis Cornwallis,) who, by his mild and lenient use of those powers, had proved, that in his administration it would be used merely for the pacification of the country, without any thing like abuse, or wanton severity. Another reason was, that in the country which he had the honour to represent, and which was one of those in which the rebellion principally raged, and the mountainous parts of which still continued to be infested with a rebellious banditti, who, notwithstanding every exertion of government, and the highest rewards offered for the apprehension, had still continued unapprehended and unsubdued; from which circumstances it was pretty clear that those banditti were aided, comforted, and abetted by the farmers inhabiting those mountains; but though he had forborne to resist the bill in its former or present progress through the house, he could not forbear to resist the Monstrous & abominable proposition he had just heard moved: a proposition, which, he would assert, was unprecedented, not only in the worst times of Ireland, in the worst times of England, in the days of the most Gothic barbarism, in times of the most infuriated bigotry and political rancour that ever disgraced the
annals, of these realms; but even in the legislative assembly of any civilized nation that ever pretended to the possession of freedom. What was the doctrine held out by such a proposition? Was it, that the people of Ireland were so incorrigibly, so irreclaimably grounded in their errors, that no change of circumstances, no relaxation of severity, no amelioration of government, no alleviation of distress or oppression, could restore them to peace, to amenity, and to loyalty? Would nothing short of military execution, and utter extermination to the unfortunate inhabitants of that country, restore the authority of his majesty's government there? He besought the house for a moment to pause on the preposterous policy of such a proposition before they should rashly adopt it.
He asked them, was it not a direct declaration to France, that so long as even they continued at war with this country, that the people of Ireland, utterly excluded from British liberty and British Constitution, would be always found their steady, attached, and unalienable friends and allies? Why agree to the monstrous principle of perpetuating such a law for the indefinite period which the war might continue, and which might far exceed the necessity of the bill? What cause or what statute was to prevent the house from doing as it had done before, to enquire into the necessity which existed for such a bill, and pass it again from year to year, if it should appear to be warranted by the exigence of circumstances? But before the house should precipitately sanction such a proposition so monstrous, so abominable, so wholly unprecedented in the annals of this or of any other country, he earnestly besought them to pause and reflect on the probable consequences. The people of Ireland were taught to expect, that by the measure of union they were to be liberated from the oppressive dominion, as it was called, of their own parliament, and those local prejudices, religious objections, and political alperities by which that parliament was too much actuated; and that, in the liberality and justice of the parliament of Great Britain they were to be embraced by a mild and parental spirit of legislation. Out of 655 members who compose the united parliament, only 100 were Irish;—on the liberality of the remainder rested the whole reliance of the people of Ireland. Was then such a proposition as that now moved in the first session of the united parliament, that specimen of liberality, of mild and parental legislation, by which the people of Ireland were to shape their hopes of future benefit from the united parliament? Was an utter preclusion from the blessings of the English Constitution the first specimen of British kindness that people were to experience? He sincerely hoped the parliament of England would seriously pause before they would indelibly stain their proceedings by the adoption of a measure so monstrous and so execrable.
Mr. ADDINGTON rose, and observed that if the honorable and learned member had deferred but for a few moments the delivery of his speech, forcible as it was, and as most every argument be, with the aid of his eloquence, he would have saved himself the trouble of arguing at such length, and with such asperity. The honorable learned member had himself furnished one of the strongest arguments to disprove the danger he seems to apprehend from this bill, in his acknowledgment of the mild and parental spirit in which a similar bill was sanctioned, and afterwards carried into effect by the illustrious personage who lately held the chief government of that country. He could assure the honorable and learned member, that no man felt more cordially that mild and parental spirit of legislation, or its spirit towards the government, and the real happiness and prosperity of Ireland, than his right honorable friend who made the motion objected to: and he hoped the honorable and learned member had witnessed no proceeding in that house in the smallest degree derogatory to the hopes he professed for the people of Ireland, and its lenient and parental attention. He was free, however, to own, that his personal opinion was perfectly concordant to the argument of the honorable and

learned member, and that he was for giving the house an opportunity of considering the measure as to its necessity from year to year, and re-enacting it, if in its wisdom it should seem necessary, rather than pass it to the extent proposed by his right honorable friend, of whose intention to move its continuance, in the way it stood by the present motion, he was not aware. If his right honorable friend was disposed to take his advice, and withdraw his motion, the amendment he should have the honor to move would be to insert the 25th of March next; but even if the motion should continue worded in its present form, he had every reasonable hope, (he did not wish to excite sanguine or premature expectations) that the period of continuance proposed by the motion would by no means extend to the period his amendment would go to. The honorable and learned gentleman had given another shy argument in favor of the bill, for he had acknowledged the country infested with a rebel banditti, who were cherished by the people, and unsubdued by all the efforts of the government. He noticed the disposition of some honorable gentlemen to excite alarms in the public mind, upon the uncertainty of peace. He knew the motives that actuated to such arguments; but though he by no means wished to raise eager and perhaps unwarranted expectations of such an event, it was, in his own expectation, by no means so improbable as to warrant any thing like despair.
Mr. PONSONBY explained by saying the right honorable member's accuracy forsook him, when he stated him (Mr. Ponsonby) to have represented all Ireland in a state which he only ascribed to that of a single county. He was extremely consoled by expectations of peace expressed by the right honorable gentleman; but as he spoke with hope only, and not with confidence, he was sorry the country could not look to his declaration with all the confidence that could be wished. With respect to the honorable gentleman who made the motion, he could not mean any thing personally applied, as he really did not know who he was till informed by the right honorable gentleman.
Mr. GREY rose, and in answer to what he conceived some allusions personally to him from the right honorable gentleman, charging him with a wish to destroy in the public mind the hopes of peace, assured the house that in any argument or motion he had brought forward on that subject, he had no other view than a wish to bring fairly before Parliament, previously to its prorogation, the real state of things, and the ground on which the country stood as to the hopes of peace. However, for any thing the honorable member had alluded to the personal aspersion to himself, he was highly consoled in the declaration of the honorable gentleman, as to the prospects of peace; and still more so by his having disclaimed all privy to the present motion previously to its being moved by the right honorable secretary for Ireland. Against the principle of this motion he inveighed in the strongest terms of reprobation, as unprecedented and unparalleled in the annals of legislation in the worst of times, and the most despotic countries; and if any thing could increase his astonishment at such a motion coming from such a man as the right honorable member who had introduced it, it was the hardihood of his venturing to come forward to that house with such a proposition, without any previous communication whatever with that minister who appointed him to his situation, and who was responsible for every measure of his administration. But when he recollected that right honorable gentleman before he was in power, to be the ready advocate of all their measures; prompt on all occasions to anticipate ministers in their thirst of inordinate power; to be the strenuous supporter of harsh laws; to be the author of a bill for the severe measure of reviving forfeitures in cases of treason; and this before he had any personal interest in the government of the country—he was little surprised that this first public act of his government towards Ireland should be one which augured so inauspiciously to the people of that country; but he sincerely hoped his government would ere long be changed, as, from principles such as those he manifested, no tranquillity was to be expected in any country committed to his direction.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER. "Upon the honorable gentleman's speech, and the temper of his speech, I shall make no comment. I am sure they must have produced their due effect. I am sure the house must have heard with astonishment the part directed against my honorable friend (hear! hear!) I am sorry to say that I feel in it a degree of political enmity that I had no right to expect. I am stated as saying that I did not hear of this propo-
sition—I certainly was not aware of it at the moment, but I did hear yesterday of such a proposition, and in justice to my honorable friend, I must admit, he did ask me whether my opinion was the same as then? The proposition was certainly made to me yesterday, but it was not explicitly expressed, and I did not think it would be made, though certainly I had a right to expect it. With respect to the insinuation of insincerity, if the honorable gentleman can state any incongruity between my words and my conduct—if he can shew any one instance of the kind, in the whole course of my public or my private life—then I admit he has a right to suspect my sincerity in negotiation. Thus much I must say in defence of my private character, which I do and shall protect; but I have a further motive in the public good, which must be injured by such suspicions, if suffered to go abroad. This is not the first time I have heard insinuations of the kind thrown out; and I am sorry I have so long passed them over in silence—they are the more painful to me, as coming from the honorable gentleman, particularly for causes long antecedent to my present situation; and if he thinks them founded, it is impossible he could have the good opinion of me, which I thought I had a right to expect. How shall we suppose the enemy will treat with a government which they believe to be insincere in its professions? I shall not, however, pursue the subject any further—I only meant in rising to do justice to my honorable friend, whom I considered as having been very unjustly treated.
Mr. ABBOTT observed, that he was charged with precipitancy, rashness and surprise, in proposing the amendment. In answer to these charges, he must state that it was grounded on the report of the secret committee. That report said that there could be no hope of tranquillity in Ireland while the continuance of the war enabled the disaffected to look for foreign aid. He, therefore, felt no reproach attach to him for stating what the committee conceived should be the proper limitation of the bill. He was not, however, the less ready to give up his opinion, nor did he see any shame in doing so, when he found the sense of the house against him. Something was said of what had been, and might be the government of Ireland. In the past was to be found the strongest recommendation of the measure, as it afforded a model for imitation. The present lord lieutenant was no stranger to the virtues of his predecessor, or to that country. He was confident he would maintain a prompt and vigilant government; and also extend mercy, where it would not counteract the principles of the law. As to his own conduct, it was for others to judge. He was sorry to have felt so much aspersion of attack from the hon. gentleman, and was sure he could even leave it to him with safety, to pronounce on his character in his cooler moments. Like the hon. gentleman, he was the implacable enemy of arbitrary power, and the firm and decided friend and supporter of true liberty. As such his lot should be.
Nil conficere sibi, nulla pallescere culpa. The amendment was then withdrawn, and the blank for the period of duration filled up with the words 25th of March, 1801.
CONVEYANCERS OFFICE, AND OFFICE FOR SALE OF CITY LOTS,
On the Pennsylvania Avenue fronting the President's Square, near Rhodes's tavern, City of Washington,
THOMAS HERTY has connected with the business of drawing Conveyances of Land, Wills, Mortgages, Leases, Bonds, Assignments powers of Attorney, petitions, and every other species of deed or contract in the profession; that of buying, selling and leasing lots and houses in the City, negotiating loans, &c.
His long experience as a draftsman, and knowledge of the laws relative thereto—the knowledge which he has acquired by residence of the situation of City Lots, and how their titles have been acquired, or are liable to be affected; together with his impartial and strict regard to the interest of those who may be pleased to employ him, will, he hopes, secure to him a continuance of public patronage.
Titles to real property investigated, and opinions given thereon when required.
For sale a great variety of Lots, in desirable situations in the City. N. B. At the above office may be had, his Abridgement of the Laws of Maryland, price 6 dollars. Also his Digest of the Laws of the United States, price 3 dollars. As the Laws of Maryland are in full force on this side the Potomack, it behoves settlers to avail themselves of that information which affects their lives, liberties and property. He who is without a knowledge of his "rule of conduct" is like a stranger in his native land. May 4. 22w4w. 12w4
From the Halifax Nova Scotia Gazette. June 3.
MARINE IMPROVEMENTS.
Last week was brought to town a Machine for preserving ships at sea, while exposed to severe weather; it is intended to operate as an anchor and a harbour, to ride the ship and turn the wave. It will occupy but little space; weighs about six hundred, draws a column of 90 square feet, and can easily be managed by very few hands. It is the same which was shewn in model to his Royal Highness Prince Edward, and to the Gentlemen of the Navy in the year 1796, but greatly simplified and improved. Its complexity was the only thing which then occasioned a doubt of its extreme utility with men of nautical abilities and experience; which objection is now entirely removed, and it promises to prove a national benefit.
The inventor we understand is W. Halliburton of Windsor, who was employed many years on this, and other researches alike tending to promote the interest of humanity.
From the Pittsfield (Mass.) Sun.
It appears by the Southern papers, that Judge Bee, of South-Carolina, refuses to vacate the seat of District Judge, by an acceptance of the office of Circuit Judge, to which he was promoted; so that Mr. Senator Read is not likely to have at present any use for his commission as District Judge.
This unexpected refusal most strikingly illustrates the impropriety of another principle, on which the late federal judiciary appointments were made. Here are two Judges at once commissioned to the same individual office; or in other words, a new appointment to an office already full. In offices holden by the pleasure of the executive, the appointment of a successor may be considered as creating a vacancy, by superceding the existing officer. But the tenure of judicial offices is during good behaviour. They are not removable by the President. Another appointment to the same office could not operate as a removal of Mr. Bee. Even if he had not refused to make a vacancy, by accepting his promotion as soon as notified of it, his acceptance and the consequent vacancy, must have been subsequent to Mr. Read's appointment. The appointment was then made in contemplation of a probable vacancy, expected to happen at a future time, and that not even within President Adams's term, but after Mr. Jefferson's accession to the Presidency. Such also, it is conceived, was the case with others of the late appointments. But have the President and Senate, for the time being, a constitutional or legal right to anticipate official vacancies, and make such present appointments, to take effect in future. If they can anticipate a week, or a single day, for the same reason, they can a month and even a year. Nay, further; if President Adams could make an effectual appointment to a Judicial office, upon a vacancy not then existing, but accruing after the termination of his own Presidential life, he might go forward and fill by anticipation, every vacancy which might accrue during the whole Presidency of his successor; and President Jefferson may, upon the same principle, now anticipate the appointments of the future President, and lay up a plenty of offices in store for his partizans and friends.
The writer of this paragraph, although entertaining a clear opinion of his own, on the subject, would not arrogantly decide for others; yet he cannot forbear recommending it to men of sense, of all parties, especially those who implicitly justify the past measures of government, in the gross, to consider candidly and reasonably, whether such anticipation is not a usurpation of constitutional power.
From the Aurora.
How happy must every American deem the event which dismembered this country from the British Empire? The following statement discloses the result of a war in which Ireland had no interest—A war in which, as British colonies, we must have been involved for the last eight years, if that baleful connexion had continued.
   DOLLARS.     1. National Debt of Ireland when the war commenced in 1793. 11,000,000   2. Debt—in 1801, 160,000,000   3. Taxes—in 1799, 3,750,000   4. Do. April—1801, 11,250,000   5. New Taxes—in 1801—perpetual, 1,192,000  
   6. Interest on the national debt—ditto. 8,827,000   7. Paid to the owners of boroughs—or in other words, paid the purchase money of the right of sending members to parliament, to some great land holders, to obviate objections to the union, 2,700,000   8. Supply to be raised by Ireland for the year 1801. 31,900,000   9. Expenditures of Ireland in 1798—only, 15,750,000   10. Loan—In 1801. 11,250,000  
The above sums are calculated with sufficient accuracy to exhibit the state of that unhappy country, and are all except No. 3, derived from M. Corry's speech, who opened the budget for Ireland in the Imperial Parliament on the first of April last. One part of his speech is worth recording—"With respect" says he "to the debt of Ireland, it would appear to ears accustomed to the millions of this country, to amount to only a small sum; it is at present no more than 36,000,000." Being about 160,000,000 dollars.
TAXES IN IRELAND.
The new Taxes for 1801, are as follows:  1. On Coals.  2. Sugar, additional.  3. Tea, do.  4. Postage of Letters, do.  5. Stamps, do.  6. On Policies of Insurance. 
The immense emigration from Ireland, will not excite any surprise, when foreign and civil war, famine, and inordinate taxation are pressing with accumulated force, the miserable inhabitants of that ill fated country.
From the Petersburg Republican.
All persons who have had the pleasure of hearing the late PATRICK HENRY speak in public, are agreed that he was by far the greatest and most transcendant prodigy of eloquence that ever appeared in this country, or perhaps in the world. Some of the best judges, who have heard Fox and Pitt, in the British house of commons, are of opinion that they fall much behind the powers of this celebrated Virginian.
His first appearance in the assembly of this commonwealth was in 1766, during the controversy excited by the stamp act. He came into the house during a discussion upon that subject. His face was unknown, and neither his person nor his dress appeared to promise much. When he rose, however, he instantly commanded attention, not only by the splendor of his eloquence, but by the superior manner in which he treated the question. He concluded in these words: "Cæsar had his Brutus: Charles had his Cromwell; and George the third——" Here Mr. Henry was interrupted by a general cry of Treason! Treason! When the noise ceased, he resumed his words—"Cæsar had his Brutus; Charles had his Cromwell; and George the third may profit by such examples. If this be treason, sir, you are welcome to make the most of it."
Nail Manufactory,
ALL kinds of Cut Nails for Sale by Wholesale and Retail at the Factory on F Street, and at the Hardware Store of the Subscriber, where persons building and all others wishing to purchase may be supplied with any quantity at the most reasonable rates.
JOHN JACK.
Washington Feb. 4, 1801.
BROHAWN AND BOYS,
BEG leave to inform the citizens of Washington, that they have taken Mr. N Young's wharf, very conveniently situated to the Capitol and President's Square; where they have opened a LUMBER YARD, and expect to go pretty largely in that line of business; and in about two or three weeks will have a general assortment of the first quality of groceries that can be procured in Baltimore.
Washington June 24, 1801.
N. B. Any gentleman wishing to apply for bills of scantling of any size or dimensions, may obtain them at the shortest notice by applying as above. ff
TO BE SOLD.
NINE Lots on square 693, on each of which is one two story brick house, six fronting on New-Jersey Avenue, and three on E Street south.
Also,
One lot on square 802, fronting on 3d street, on this lot there is a cellar dug and walled up, and the first floor of Joists laid, designed for a house 25 feet 7 inches front, by 36 feet deep. An indisputable title will be given. Terms of payment one fourth part cash on the day of sale, the remainder in three equal annual payments with interest. For further particulars enquire of.
MOFFAT & NESMITH.
New-Jersey Avenue, June 12, 1801.
22wN.1.&U.1.

WASHINGTON CITY.
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1801.
A commission of bankruptcy has been issued against ROBERT MORRIS of Philadelphia.
The British unfunded debt and demands outstanding on the 5th of January, 1801, comprehending every head of public service, appear, from an account laid before the House of Commons, to amount to 33,179,658l. 10s. 3d.
The BERCEAU, we learn, has orders to proceed to sea;—to avoid English cruisers if possible; if not to engage.
Boston Cent.
On Friday last arrived at this place, several families immediately from Switzerland; they are principally Vine-dressers, and have brought with them several boxes of vines and choice fruit trees of that country, as well as the seeds, stones, &c. of those fruits; they leave this place this morning for the Kentucky Vineyard.
Among those emigrants are three brothers and three sisters of Mr. John James Dufour, the present manager of the Kentucky Vineyard, who have migrated to this place in consequence of the flattering accounts given by their brother of the success of the Vine in Kentucky; they expect to be followed by at least 200 of their countrymen as soon as they can be informed of their arrival and friendly reception, &c.
[Kent. Gaz.]
LATE FROM SOUTH OF EUROPE.
Capt. Freeman arrived since our last from the Mediterranean, left Malta the 17th May, and informs, That a vessel which left Egypt the 29th April, had arrived at Malta with intelligence, that gen. Baird, with 6000 troops, had reached Suez from India: That every exertion was making at Malta to reinforce and supply the army in Egypt, and that the corps of CONDE had arrived at Malta to do duty there:—That Gantheume's squadron, by the last accounts, was at the island of Elba in the Tuscan sea.—Capt. F. brought no information relative to the hostility of the Barbary powers.
[Bost. pap.]
Cure for the Bite of a MAD-DOG: By doctor DE MONETA, Physician in ordinary to the king of Poland.
The doctor first advises to cover the wound with fresh earth, or with snuff, to imbibe the saliva of the animal, and then to wash it with water. At the same time warm half a pound of butter in four times as much vinegar, and when the wound is cleared, apply a compress of linen steeped in that mixture, and moisten it very often with the same for nine days; after which time, you may safely remove the compress, and cure the wound in the usual way.
During the time that the vinegar is used outwardly, the patient must take it internally four times a day, in doses of an ounce and a half of vinegar warmed with a little fresh butter, and his common drink must be pure water with a little vinegar. Any strong liquor is extremely hurtful, as is any emotion of anger or impatience.
Doctor De Moneta has used the same remedy against the bites of vipers and other venomous reptiles, and always with success.
He has prevented the hydrophobia in more than sixty people; and many other physicians who have followed his method, have found it equally efficacious.
It is remarkable that in Italy, vinegar has also been lately discovered to be a remedy for this frightful disease.
METEOROLOGY.
The following curious notice has lately been published in one of the foreign journals by Schweighauser:—“A prelate in the neighbourhood of Basle, having extended in his garden an iron wire of considerable length, for the purpose of suspending from it a moveable mark to fire at, observed, that during variations of the atmosphere, which modified a change of weather, the wire emitted a stronger or weaker sound, according to the nature of these changes. He communicated this observation to Mr. Haas, who had come to see him, and who, on his return to Basle, having cauted a similar wire to be extended in his garden, observed the same phenomenon. Some time after, the celebrated Volta, when on a visit to Haas, saw this new kind of barometer, and, in order to ascertain the nature of the meteoric humming it emitted, extended wires of different metals in different directions; but found that no vibration
took place, except in regard to those wires extended in the direction of the meridian. Volta, in consequence of this peculiarity, ascribed the phenomenon to the magnetic fluid, and speaks of it in his works. I do not, however, know that this new effect of a fluid so universally diffused, has been sufficiently examined.
“Mr. Haas, jun. informed me that the wires ought at least to be a hundred feet in length (those of his father were about three hundred,) and that they must be stretched as much as possible; they do not sound till they have been exposed to the air for several weeks. Mr. Haas, sen. had extended, for some time, fourteen of different sizes, which emitted sometimes very agreeable sounds.”
[Lon. pap.]
An ingenious Swede has several years preserved his fruit trees by the following means, from having their blossom blighted by frosts in the spring. When the frosts come on, in the end of Autumn, he pours water in abundance round the trunks of the trees, so that the roots feel the impression of the cold. In the beginning of spring, he heaps snow upon them, by which the vegetation is retarded, and the trees are hindered from blossoming too soon. Consequently, the buds do not appear till there is no longer any thing to be feared from the spring frosts.
From the Hudson Gazette.
Mr. STODDART, I subjoin an extract from the ancient “Blue Laws” of Connecticut—they certainly will be considered as a curiosity by many, and may serve as a model for some of our reforming Lawgivers, from which to make a code that will effectually suppress vice and immorality.
Quiz.
EXTRACTS.
“No one shall be a freeman, or give a vote unless he be converted, and a member in full communion of one of the churches allowed in this dominion.”
“No man shall hold an office who is not found in the faithful to this dominion; and whoever gives a vote to such a person shall pay a fine of £. 1, for a second offence he shall be disfranchized.”
“No Quaker or dissenter from the established worship of this dominion shall be allowed to give a vote for the election of magistrates or any officer.”
“No food or lodging shall be afforded to a Quaker, Adamite, or other Heretic.”
“If any person turns Quaker he shall be banished, and not suffered to return but upon pain of death.”
“No one shall run on the Sabbath day, or walk in his Garden or elsewhere, except reverently to and from meeting.”
“No one shall travel, cook victuals, make beds, sweep house, cut hair or shave on the Sabbath day.”
“No woman to kiss her child on the Sabbath or fasting day.”
LONDON, June 1.
From the French Papers received last night. The Counsellor of State, Bernadotte, Commander in Chief of Western Army, to the Secretary at War.
Rennes, May 3.
I have the honor to inform you, citizen minister, that the following report has been made to me:—On the night of the 23d of April, the mayor, his assessor, and two young men of the district of Moreac, in the department of Morbihan, were forcibly carried off by a gang of ten or twelve armed brigands; they were butchered and afterwards buried in the mud, near the district of St. Allavestre, where their mangled remains were found three days after.
This crime was perpetrated in retaliation for the banishment of a priest, who openly preached rebellion.
A fatal event of a like nature has taken place in the district of Plavigner between Auray and Baud.
In the same department, and near Auray, the mayor of Pluniret was assassinated by a gang of murderers.
In the department of the Northern coasts, in the district of Plunaagat, citizen Duval was forced from his dwelling, and within a few yards of his own house, shot and stabbed to death. Not far from the above village another corpse was found half buried.
In several districts the tree of liberty has been cut down, and every insult offered to the Republicans.
FOR RENT,
The House I now occupy, on Square No 142, near the President's house, for six months from the first of August next. Possession will be given at that time.
NICHOLAS KING.
July 20, 1801.
cp2w
Fifty dollars Reward.
TWO daring villains on the night of the 29th inst. between the hours of 11 and 12 o'clock, entered my house, with arms, and compelled me to give them upwards of 400 dollars—55 dollars in notes, two of 20 dollars, and three of 5, all on the bank of Columbia. The balance in silver dollars. The above when taken away was in an old ozanburg bag. Fifty dollars reward will be given to any person for securing the villains who committed the robbery. It is suspected that a certain O'Riley, a schoolmaster, lately living in this neighbourhood, was one of the persons.
HARRISON PELLLY,
Montgomery county, Maryland, near Seneca.
July 31, 1801.
August 5.
3t.
VARDEN & CARPENTER, TAYLORS,
Gratefully acknowledge the favors of the public, whilst carrying on business opposite Mr. Stille's Tavern, and inform, that they have removed to the next house east of Mr. Tunnicliff's Hotel, where gentlemen and ladies will be served in a style of fashion and elegance which it has ever been, and ever will be, their study to execute, and they presume, equal to the most populous cities in the Union.
Regimental and Ladies Habits made in the neatest manner.
May 15, 1801.
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Land for Sale.
On the 28th day of September next, will be sold at Public Auction, at Mr. Stille's Hotel, in the City of Washington, (if not sold before at private sale)
Two Tracts of Land, lying on the Eastern Branch of Potomac river, and with in the district of Columbia—containing together ninety-two acres. On each of these tracts is a quantity of good ash wood, within a few yards of the river, and the greater part, if not the whole, of said land, at a moderate expense, may be made excellent meadow. There is on one of the tracts an eligible situation for a dwelling-house, with about four acres of excellent upland suitable for a garden. Sale to commence at three o'clock, when the conditions will be made known. Information may be had from the subscriber at the Navy-yard.
GEORGE FRANK,
Conveyancer City of Washington.
July 20, 1801.
12w6w
Thirty Dollars Reward.
DESERTED from this rendezvous the following soldiers belonging to the 1st Regiment of Artillerists and Engineers; ISAAC DAVIS, about nineteen years old, five feet seven inches high, dark blue eyes, black hair, ruddy complexion, a farmer, born in this county and state.
JAMES NELSON, twenty two years of age, five feet six inches high, grey eyes, dark hair, fair complexion, by occupation a farmer; he is also a native of this state and county.
JAMES HENNING, twenty one years old, five feet nine and three quarter inches high, blue eyes, light hair, fallow complexion, by occupation a house carpenter, born in Berkeley county this state. They all deserted in their uniform. Any person apprehending the above deserters, shall receive thirty dollars upon delivering them to me, or any officer commanding in the service of the United States, or ten dollars for either of them.
RICHARD S. BLACKBURN,
Captain 1st Regt. Artillerists and engineers, commanding.
Dumfries, Prince William county, Virginia, May 19, 1801.
6w
A GREAT BARGAIN.
I WILL sell or lease for ten years, a valuable Farm, in the county of Culpepper, and state of Virginia, on Flat Run, containing 750 acres the land is extremely fertile, and yields abundantly in the production of corn, wheat, and tobacco; there are about 100 acres of meadow land, 50 or 60 of which are cleared, and 15 acres well set in Timothy, about 350 acres of the tract are cleared and well inclosed. This land is distant from Fredericksburg about 28 miles, and 55 miles from Alexandria and the City of Washington. There are several valuable merchant mills, in the vicinity, one within the distance of a mile, where the Fredericksburg prices are given for all kinds of grain.
I will also sell the Reversion of 250 acres of land adjoining the above, on which are erected a number of valuable buildings, among them a large dwelling house of 60 feet by 40, with four rooms on a floor, with fireplaces, and every necessary out houses—A valuable peach and apple orchard.
A further description is deemed unnecessary, as any persons desirous of purchasing or leasing, will doubtless wish to view the premises. For terms apply to Robert Brooke Voss, Esq. who lives adjoining the premises, or to the subscriber.
I will also Sell or Rent,
Two three story brick houses in Alexandria, completely finished, on King and Columbia-street, with sundry valuable property near the same, possession whereof may be had immediately. The situation for the flour and grocery business is equal to any in Alexandria.
For terms apply to Henry Thomas Moore, Alexandria, or to the subscriber.
NICHOLAS VOSS.
City of Washington, July 13, 1801.
N. B. I wish to hire by the month, or until the 1st day of November, ten or twelve labourers, for whom liberal wages will be given, Apply to N. Voss, on F street, or W. 1 Voss at the Navy-Yard.
22wtf
Conrad & M c Munn
HAVE opened houses of entertainment in the range of buildings formerly occupied by Mr Law, about two hundred paces from the Capitol, in New Jersey avenue, leading from thence to the Eastern Branch. They are spacious and convenient, one of which is designed for stage passengers and travellers, the other for the accommodation of boarders. There is stabling sufficient for 60 horses—They hope to merit public patronage.
City of Washington, Nov. 24, 1800. tf
For Sale and to Rent,
TWO elegant two story Brick DWELLING HOUSES, situate on the south side of Pennsylvania Avenue, a little to the west of the President's Square. Each house contains two parlours and passage on first floor; on second, two rooms with fire-places, and well finished garrets, cellars and kitchens. In the front of the buildings extending to the avenue, is a neat yard planted with trees, palisaded, &c. The situation, in point of health and contiguity to the public buildings, is equal to any in the city, and is well adapted for private families, or to accommodate genteel Boarders. The title is indisputable. The terms will be moderate for part cash or slaves. For particulars inquire of OWEN ROBERTS, on the premises, or of
THOMAS HERTY, Conveyancer
City of Washington, May 25, 1801. ty
City of Washington, July 24, 1801.
The Subscribers
HAVING on hand a number of house frames of different dimensions, also, a large quantity of the various kinds of lumber requisite for building, and having made such arrangements as will ensure a constant supply thereof, and enable them to sell the same on very advantageous and moderate terms to the purchasers, hereby give notice, that on application, accompanied by a memorandum or bill of the frames or lumber wanted, they will cause the same to be delivered as soon as may be, at any of the wharves in the city of Washington, George-Town or Alexandria. The circumstances under which the subscribers enter into this business, authorize an assurance that the strictest punctuality in their engagements may be relied on. They are therefore induced to believe, that many persons who are engaged in building, or who may intend to build, will find a great convenience and advantage in making timely application, and being thus supplied with the whole of the lumber necessary for their buildings by the time it may be wanted for use.
JOHN CONNER,
Somerset County, near Princess Ann, Maryland.
THOMAS MUNROE,
City of Washington.
July 27.
12wtf
FOR SALE,
A good and convenient Lot and House, BEAUTIFULLY situated on the South-East corner of Square No 973, in the vicinity of the Navy-Yard, commanding an extensive view of some miles down the Potomack. The house is two story high, fronting 42 feet on 11th street east, and 42 feet on South G street, adjoining the south front is a commodious kitchen, with oven and other conveniences. A large frame stable, carriage-house, with a hay-loft 50 feet by 25, and a pump of fine water near the back of the kitchen. The lot will extend ninety one feet on 11th Street East, and 139 on South G street. The purchaser may have a preference of the south half of the Square.
Also, a number of LOTS, eligibly situated in various parts of the City, the titles to the whole are indisputably free of every incumbrance, the terms moderate and convenient, which may be known by application to the subscriber, occupying the premises first mentioned, possession of which may be given within 30 days after purchase.
THOMAS TINGEY,
Who will also sell one whole and four half pipes, London particular Madeira wine, of excellent quality.
Washington, 10, April 1801.
cF.tf
THE SUBSCRIBERS
HAVE just received from Baltimore and Philadelphia, a handsome assortment of Spring and Fall goods, which they are now opening adjoining Dr. Thornton's upon F street, &c which they offer for sale upon the most reasonable terms either for cash or country produce, viz.
 Printed and plain mar. tambeuring silk, feilles, Ladies gloves, long and  Dimities of various kinds, short,  Counterpanes, Stuff and Morocco shoes,  Striped nankeen, Balafre handkerchiefs,  Bandanna and plaited A handsome assortment  handkerchiefs, of muslins, India chintz,  Brown camlet, White sheeting,  Ratinets, tanmys and Brown Holland,  durants, Irish linens,  Morceans and Jones, Humhums and gingham  Cloths and cassimeres, Platillas, creas &c.  Swansdown, Janes, &c. &c.  Lace and edging, Muslinets, fans, &c.  Men's Ladies' and boy's Ivory combs,  thread and cotton hose, Shirt buttons, button  Buttons assorted, moles,  bastas, Persians, Sen a Elastic suspenders,  shaws and fannins, Stationary of various  Black mode, kinds,  Ribbons well assorted, Hyson tea,  Shoe binding first quality, Muscovado and loaf su-  thread of every kind, gar,  Curtain cord, Coffee, old spirits, gin  Dutch lace, & pepper,  Silk and twill, Osnabrigs, dowlas,  French chintz, Carpeting, &c. 
The best James River chewing tobacco, with a variety of other useful articles too tedious to mention.
ROBERT CAMP, & Co.
Who offer their services to the public in the Auction and Commission business.
City of Washington, July 10, 1801. 22wtf

Messrs. GREENS,
THE subject of the following letter is so interesting, and the sentiments which it contains are so just, that I am induced to transmit it to you for publication in your paper.
By a comparison of the characters on the Fac simile with the Zend or Old Persian Alphabet , or with a specimen of Old Persian writing , copies from an engraving on copper, both published in the Asiatic Researches , I have satisfied myself that these characters are the Old Persian . Several gentlemen, to whom I have pointed out the resemblance, have fully adopted the same opinion.
There are on the Fac simile seventeen characters. Of these nine may be fairly considered as perfect resemblances, if a very small difference in form may be allowed to different engravings; one executed with greater skill and exactness; the other plainly with less. Four however, of the nine are pairs; two of the characters being repeated; so that there are but seven different characters, in which an entire resemblance is found. Of the remaining eight two are a pair, or a repetition of the same letter, and four more are visibly combinations, and all can be satisfactorily shown to be contained in the Persian specimens. Of the other two I find no traces, unless one of them has been materially disfigured by accident. If this be allowed, it may be considered as being the same with one of the pairs already mentioned.
Besides these, there are on the Fac simile seven stars, and five dots or prints, I have not called them characters, because I suppose them to be merely auxiliary to the writing. Of the stars I find no trace in the specimen, but the dots are exact and remarkable copies of those in the specimen. All the dots in the specimen and on Fac simile , are quadrangular; and in one instance on the Fac simile , three dots are arranged in a triangular form; a fact, which occurs five times in the Alphabet, and three times in the writing.
The discovery of such a coin in such circumstances, will naturally give rise to various conjectures. I will not, however, anticipate the reflections of the ingenious on this singular fact. The letter is to you, and some comment on it, that I am persuaded the writer will receive the thanks of all your curious readers.
I am, Gentlemen, yours, &c.
T. DWIGHT.
Yale College, July 14, 1801.
MARIETTA, June 18, 1801.
Sir,
Through the politeness of Governor St. Clair, I am enabled to send you a model of a copper coin, lately discovered at a small distance from the Ohio, on the bank of the Little Miami river, at the depth of about four feet from the surface of the earth, in cleaning out a spring, in the neighbourhood of some ancient ruins. This coin is now in the governor's possession; and we believe it to be as ancient as the ruins themselves; yet on a comparison of its characters, with the alphabetical tables of the east, delineated in the Encyclopaedia , we have been able to discover no striking resemblance, and the milling on the edge most strongly resembles that on the coins of Spain; from which, however, as well as from those of the rest of Europe, it is in all other respects so totally different, that we are convinced it could not have had an European origin.
This coin or medal affords us indubitable evidence of two things—1st, that among the people who manufactured it, population, society and the arts, had made respectable progress; and 2d, that these people were acquainted with the use of iron.
Was this coin brought over from Asia? or was it made in this country? If the first, a resemblance in the coin, or its characters, with those of that country, will doubtless be discovered, and we will be supplied with a new proof that our original inhabitants emigrated from that quarter.
If we find none of those resemblances, what shall we say? Has this country been the seat of politeness and science; has it had its coinage, and of consequence a knowledge of making iron? Arts of the first necessity then, after being solidly established may be lost—but I am convinced that this coin was not fabricated in America; because I meet with an insuperable objection, to the supposition that iron was in use here at a time when the country had made any considerable advances in improvement.
In every part, I believe, of the old world, where population, society, and the arts have made a progress equal (at any rate)
to the production of a coinage, we find, at least, the remains of some kind of stone work which has been wrought with iron. But here, not a single stone has been discovered, bearing the indubitable marks of the chisel—Even in the fortifications of this country, (which are innumerable) many of which seem to have been designed for permanent residence; places which so imperiously demand materials of strength, and workmanship of solidity, we find nothing but ramparts of earth.
These circumstances seem to point out to us an emigration from the old world (probably it was an early one) of a few adventurers, who might bring coin along with them; who certainly knew the use of iron; but probably had not the knowledge of manufacturing it; or who if they had, were determined by the feeble state of their community, and the pressure of immediate and continual wants from practising on it; till in a succeeding age, both the art and the uses became unknown.
One would suppose that a community destitute of iron, could not push its agricultural improvements far; and of consequence, that the difficulty of getting subsistence, would prevent a crowded population—Yet unquestionably this country has been a populous one. The immense number and extent of its ancient works, exhibit to my eye a proof of it, which I cannot refuse to admit as conclusive—The works at this place, although very capacious, are not comparable either in height, or extent, to some others which we have found—On a large plain, about ninety miles from this place, bounded by one of the western branches of the Muskingum River, we have discovered a train of ancient works, of an extent (I think) of nearly two miles; the ramparts of which are yet in some places upwards of eighteen feet in perpendicular height.
The proof of ancient population, are not to be met with in the more commanding positions only; but are spread over the whole face of the country.
When with a kind of sacred enthusiasm I ramble over these venerable wide spread ruins, I dwell with astonishment on the singular character of a country which has arisen without the aid of iron, to extensive population and improvement, and been sunk in a desolation so complete, as to have left not a vestige of its history—This latter event was produced by war—Perhaps in these fields, the peaceful descendants of the wanderers, from the plains of Asia, may have been met and destroyed by a harder race sprung from emigrants of Europe.
Unfortunate Country! denied even the sad consolation of being remembered, like Carthage, in the annals of your Conqueror!—I am Sir, with respect, your humble servant.
“ELIJAH BACKUS.”
FROM THE AMERICAN CITIZEN.
Extract from GEORGE I. ECKER'S Oration, delivered on the 4th July, at the request of the Officers of the Brigade of the city and county of New-York, and of the county of Richmond; before them, and the Mechanic, Tammany, and Cooper's Societies.
THUS sheltered under the fostering shade of security, our country advances, with rapid strides, towards national eminence. Let us not, however, indulge too unreasonably an expectation of future greatness—let it be recollected, that we have already seen, within a few years, some serious attacks made against our peace and happiness. We have already seen the sacred principles of our revolution openly assaulted, and its venerable advocates reviled and exposed to public contempt. The endeavours to undermine the popular attachment of a free government, are notorious. We have seen foreign influence attempting to make us subservient to its projects of hostility and ambition! Under the treacherous appearance of affection, by an insidious coalition with domestic delusion, it had nearly destroyed our prosperity, by involving us in a controversy with our former ally, the most powerful nation in Europe! Its intrigues had nearly immolated our growing strength, at the altar of an insatiable spirit of domination! under the gilded semblance of friendship, it strove to make us the contemptible satellite of its rancorous animosity towards a detested rival!
An alliance, offensive and defensive with the enemy of our greatness, was openly advocated; and the poisonous works of corruption nearly involved our destiny in fatal ruin!
At a more early period, the mushroom growth of unmerited greatness attempted to introduce the pageantry of titles in our Senate; thus to prepare the way for the unseal'd distinction of privileged orders. To
impare unnecessary energy to administration, and to give government, already sufficiently strong in the affection of the people, pretended liability, was a favorite doctrine. A monied influence, distinct from the general interests of the community, was created; and, to prevent the murmurs of popular indignation from increasing to open complaints, a doctrine, that a public debt is a public blessing, was industriously circulated. The specious arguments of refined sophistry gave currency to the proposition, and a plan is now matured, of which human reason cannot foresee all the consequences.
A clerical interference in the civil administration, in several parts of the United States, has already produced some of the baneful effects which all ages and all countries have had cause to lament. Under the assumed garb of hypocritical sanctity, it leads the honest votaries of religion into acts of persecution, against those who are opposed to its rapacity and spirit of aggrandizement.
Ecclesiastical influence, in the hands of a faction, is an instrument more dreadful than the dart wielded by death! All the modern nations of Europe testify the havoc produced by hierarchical tyranny! Its fatal poison, overpowering the energies of imperial Rome, made her an easy prey to the invading hordes of northern barbarians.
If once established in the United States, our liberty will vanish, and fly to some less questioned spot, far from the domination of religious imposture.
Its abuses ultimately destroying the venerable due to true religion and its holy advocates, are the fruitful sources of immorality and crime.
Already has terror, openly avowed, failed the freedom of elections, and persecution, for political opinions, stalked forth with an erected crest! To suppress opposition by fear, a military establishment was created, under pretended apprehension of a foreign invasion. This measure, the most inauspicious to Republicanism, and hostile to Liberty, was adopted under the favorable crisis of public panic. Riotous collections of people were instigated to violence against those who were branded by the appellation of disorganizing Jacobins; and unprincipled calumny hesitated not to attack, with open front, the Republican Character. Liberty was ridiculed, and subjected to the blasphemous scoffs of parochial apostasy.
We have already experienced a storm, which had nearly levelled to the earth the proud edifice of Freedom. Its holy lamp, which ought to be guarded by more than vestal purity, was nearly extinguished. Intolerant crisis! when, to be suspected of an attachment to the rights of the people, was deemed an inexcusable offence!—when, to be the advocate of Republican principles, was pronounced an unpardonable guilt!—When a support of religious toleration was stigmatized with the imputation of Atheism, and of man's grand prerogatives as a deadly hatred to a federal form of government!—when the philanthropy, which cherished a warm desire, that every oppressed nation might acquire political happiness like ourselves, was reviled as a traitorous attachment to foreign nations!
Buried in the duft Republicanism has, however, arisen with renovated vigor. The election of “the man of the people” to the presidency of the Union, has completed the final termination of this blind infatuation. These changes ought to be consoling to the patriotic bosom, upon reflection, that the ascending star of American Liberty, whose lustre was somewhat obscured by these passing clouds, hath resumed its former distinguished brightness.
Should any one hereafter dare to violate it, he shall meet with the bitterest execration, and the severest punishment which the justice of an injured people can inflict upon him.
Information, from every corner of the Union proves the extension of sentiments, congenial to the support of a Republican Administration. In our own state have we witnessed this truth, in the late election of an old and tried patriot. Even towards the east the seeds of a reformation are sown, and the banks of the Hudson do no longer constitute the boundary of its ascendancy; it appears to stand on a firm and unshaken foundation—it bids fair to be solid and durable as truth.
We shall not hereafter, it is to be hoped see the alien, flying to this land of refuge, placed out of the protection of the law; or a Sedition act pollute the freedom of the press.
An efficient organization of the Militia will no longer be neglected, lest the hopes of the advocates of a Standing Army be indulged, with the accomplishment of their favorite schemes.
No more shall the infliction of heavy fines upon the unfortunate Republican,
effectually check the dissemination of speculative opinions; or the incarceration of the devoted victims of party rancor, restrict the propagation of political information. No more shall private hatred, under the cloak of an attachment to administration, wreak its vengeance upon the object of its hate; or personal virulence, disguised under the protecting mantle of Federalism, destroy the happiness of the persecuted patriot.
The Schooners Dolphin & Kitty, now lying at Mr. Young's Wharf will constantly take freights every three weeks from this to Annapolis or Baltimore. For terms apply to BRO. HAWN and BOYS. Washington July 15, 1801.
The subscriber respectfully acquaints the public, that he has removed to the corner of Ninth and B streets, where he continues to manufacture and sell all kinds of Ornaments for Chimney pieces, Door Caps, Frontispieces, Metal Sashes, &c. which may also be had at his store No. 51, Barclay Street, New-York, and at Mr. Wild's Store, Market Street, Baltimore. GEORGE ANDREWS.
Who has gold leaf for sale by the package or book. May 8, 1801.
TO BE RENTED,
THE store lately in the tenure of Doctor Galt & Co. Its situation for business is preferable to any other in the City, being on the Pennsylvania Avenue, between the President's House and the Capitol, and within a few yards of the spot on which is to be immediately erected the market house.
JOSIAS W. KING. At the Capitol. May 29, 1801.
Intending to leave the city in October next, I am desirous of disposing of my Furniture, two Negro Men, one a cook, the other an ostler and coachman, and a pair of very well gaited Riding Horses.
It may be a convenience to any family removing here, and taking the house I now occupy upon rent, to take the Furniture (which is but little worn) by purchase. The house, one of the six buildings on Pennsylvania Avenue, is pleasantly and conveniently situated, and the furniture, which is tolerably well fitted to it, will be reduced in price in proportion to the wear and tare, and change of fashion, shall have made right. ENJAMIN GRAYSON ORR. July 20, 1801.
NAVY DEPARTMENT, JUNE 7th, 1800.
Regulations for ascertaining and fixing the Pensioners, and payment of pensions on the Navy establishment of the United States.
To obtain a pension the party must produce to the Secretary of the Navy a certificate from the commander of the ship or vessel on board of which he sustained the injury, which incapacitates him; or in the case of a marine, from the commanding officer of the marine corps, or commander of a detachment as the case may require; in the latter case however, if the injury happened on board a vessel of war, the certificate of the surgeon will also be required, if on shore, that of some respectable medical character of the place, that the same was received while he was acting in the line of his duty, specifying the nature and amount of the disability, the capacity or station in which he acted, and the monthly pay to which he was entitled at the time of sustaining the injury. On such certificate being produced, and it being ascertained to the satisfaction of the Secretary of the Navy, that the disability still exists and is likely to continue, he will at once direct the applicant to be placed on the books of the Loan Office of the state in which he resides, and the loan officer will make the payments half yearly, viz. On the 1st of January, and 1st of July, to the party in person or his legal attorney during his life or the continuance of his disability. But if the pension is to be paid on a power of attorney, the loan officer must have it ascertained by the certificate of a Justice of the peace of the county where the pensioner resides, that he was living, and that his disability continued, in the month next preceding that in which payment is to be made every year, and must transmit the same to the Accountant of the Navy with the necessary receipts as vouchers for his payments.
Each person to be placed on the pension list, must receive at the Navy Office a certificate in the following form.
A. B. Seaman, &c. having been disabled in the service of the United States, on board of the ship of war while acting in the line of his duty, is entitled to receive dollars per month, from the loan officer of the state of payable half yearly, on the 1st of January and 1st of July in every year during his life or continuance of such disability, to commence from the day of The same will be paid to him in person or on his legal power of attorney, unless the said A. B. shall tend to the loan officer of said state, the certificate of a Justice of peace of the county wherein he resides, that he the said A. B. appeared before the said Justice in the month preceding that in which the ill continued to be made and that his disability still continues.
Signed BENJ. STODDERT.
The foregoing regulations are still in force. By order,
AB. THOMAS, P. CLK. Navy Department, June 17, 1801.