Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1790-09-22 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 41, BROAD-STREET, NEAR THE EXCHANGE, NEW-YORK.
[No. 47, of VOL. II.]
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1790.
[WHOLE NO. 151.]
COLLECTION LAW.—Continued.
AND in order to ascertain what articles ought to be exempted from duty, as the sea stores of a ship or vessel,
Be it further enacted , That the master or person having the charge or command of such ship or vessel, shall particularly specify the said articles in the report to be by him made as aforesaid, designating them as the sea stores of the said ship or vessel; and in the said oath to be taken by such master or other person, he shall declare that the articles so specified as sea stores are truly such, and were bona fide put on board the said ship or vessel for the use of the officers, crew and passengers thereof, and were not brought and are not intended by way of merchandise or for sale; whereupon the said articles shall be free from duty: Provided always , That if it shall appear to the collector to whom such report shall be made, together with the naval-officer where there is one, or alone where there is none, that the quantities of the said articles so reported as sea stores are excessive, it shall be lawful for the said collector jointly with the said naval-officer, or alone as the case may be, in his or their discretion, to estimate the amount of the duty on such excess; which shall be forthwith paid by the said master or person having the command or charge of the said ship or vessel to the said collector, on pain of forfeiting the value of such excess. And if any of the said articles shall be landed for the purpose of being sold, or to be otherwise used than as the sea stores of the ship or vessel in which they were brought, all such as shall be so landed shall be forfeited, and the master or commander of such ship or vessel being privy thereto, shall moreover forfeit and pay treble the value of the articles so landed.
And also to ascertain what articles ought to be exempted from duty, as the cloathes, books, household furniture, tools or implements of the trade or profession of persons arriving within the United States.
Be it further enacted , That due entry thereof, as of other goods, wares and merchandise, but separate and distinct from that of any other goods, wares or merchandise imported from a foreign port or place, shall be made with the collector of the district in which the said articles are intended to be landed by the owner thereof, his or her agent, who shall make oath before the said collector, according to the best of his or her knowledge or belief, touching the person to whom the said articles shall belong, and his calling or occupation, the arrival or expected arrival of the said person within the United States, and that the said articles are truly intended for the use of the said owner solely, or jointly with his or her family as the case may be, and are not directly nor indirectly imported or intended for sale; which oath shall be in writing, endorsed upon the said entry, and subscribed by the party making the same. And in case the said party shall be other than the owner of the said articles, he or she shall give bond with one or more sureties to the satisfaction of the said collector, in a sum equal to what would be the amount of the duties on the said articles if imported subject to duty, with condition that in a certain time therein to be specified not exceeding one year, a like oath as above directed shall be made by the said owner, and if not made before the said collector, shall be produced to him duly authenticated; whereupon a permit shall and may be granted for landing the said articles. And a copy of every such entry, and of the oath endorsed thereupon, shall be transmitted to the Secretary of the Treasury for his information.
And whereas by the letter of the act, intitled, "An act for laying a duty on goods, wares and merchandise imported into the United States," articles of the growth or manufacture of the United States exported to foreign countries and brought back to the United States, are subject to duty on their importation into the said States. And whereas it was not the intention of Congress that they should be so subject to duty,
Be it therefore further enacted , That in every case in which a duty may have been heretofore paid on goods, wares or merchandise of the growth or manufacture of the United States, exported to a foreign country and brought back to the said States, the amount thereof shall be repaid to the person or persons by whom the same shall have been paid, or to his, her or their representatives, and that in every case in which such duty may have accrued, but may not have been paid the same be remitted, and that no such duty shall hereafter be demanded, provided that the regulations herein after prescribed for ascertaining the identity of such goods, wares or merchandise be observed and complied with, and that as well in respect to those heretofore imported, as far as may be practicable, as to those hereafter to be imported.
And also to ascertain the identity of articles of the growth, product or manufacture of the United States, which having been exported to any foreign port or place, shall be brought back to the said States:
Be it further enacted , That report and entry thereof shall be made as in other cases of goods, wares and merchandise, imported from a foreign port or place, and proof by oath of the person or persons having knowledge of the facts, shall be made to the satisfaction of the collector of the district, with whom such entry shall be jointly with the naval-officer, if there be a naval-officer, or alone if there be no naval-officer, that the said articles had been exported from the United States, as of their growth, product or manufacture, and of the time when, by whom, in what ship or vessel, and for what port or place they were so exported; and if the said collector shall be other than the collector of the district from which the said articles shall have been exported, a certificate of the latter shall be produced to the former, testifying the exportation thereof in conformity to the proof aforesaid; whereupon a permit shall and may be granted for landing the same: Provided , that if the said certificate cannot be immediately produced, and if the proof otherwise required shall be made, and if bond shall be given, with one or more sureties, to the satisfaction of the collector of the district within which the said articles are intended to be landed, in a sum equal to what the duties would be on the said articles if they were not of the growth, product, or manufacture of the United States; with condition that the said certificate shall be produced within the term of four months, it shall be lawful for the said collector to grant a permit for the landing of the said articles, in like manner as if the said certificate had been produced.
And be it further enacted , That the oaths to be taken upon making of any of the reports or entries aforesaid, whether by the master or other person having the charge or command of any ship or vessel, or the owner or consignee of any goods, wares or merchandise, his or her factor or agent, shall be administered by the collector or officer to whom report or entry shall be made, and where there shall be a naval-officer, in the presence of such naval-officer, who shall attend for that purpose, and shall be reduced to writing, and shall be subscribed by the person administering the same, and by the said naval-officer, if any shall be present: And the said collector, jointly with the said naval-officer, where there is a naval-officer, or alone where there is none, shall according to the best of
his or their judgment or information, make a gross estimate of the amount of the duties on the goods, wares or merchandise to which the entry of any owner or consignee, his or her factor or agent shall relate, which estimate shall be endorsed upon such entry, and signed by the officer or officers making the same. And the amount of the said duties according to the said estimate, having been first paid or secured, pursuant to the provisions of this act, the said collector shall grant a permit to land the goods, wares, or merchandise, whereof such entry shall have been made, and then and not otherwise, it shall be lawful to land the said goods.
And be it further enacted , That no goods, wares or merchandise brought in any ship or vessel from any foreign port or place, shall be unladed or delivered from such ship or vessel, within the United States, but in open day, that is to say, between the rising and setting of the sun, except by special licence from the chief officer of the port for that purpose, nor at any time without a permit from the collector for such unlading or delivery; and if any goods, wares, or merchandise shall be unladed or delivered from any such ship or vessel, contrary to the directions aforesaid, or any of them, the master or person having the command or charge of such ship or vessel, and every other person who shall knowingly be concerned or aiding therein, or in removing, storing, or otherwise securing the said goods, wares or merchandise, shall forfeit and pay the sum of four hundred dollars for each offence; and shall be disabled from holding any office of trust or profit under the United States, for a term not exceeding seven years; and it shall be the duty of the collector of the district, to advertise the names of all such persons in a newspaper, printed in the state in which he resides, within twenty days after each respective conviction. And all goods, wares or merchandise, so unladed or delivered, shall become forfeited, and may be seized by any of the officers of the customs; and where the value thereof, according to the highest market price of the same, shall amount to four hundred dollars, the vessel, tackle, apparel and furniture, shall be subject to like seizure and forfeiture.
And be it further enacted , That no goods, wares or merchandise brought in any ship or vessel from any foreign port or place, requiring to be weighed or guaged in order to ascertain the duties thereupon, shall be removed from any wharf or place upon which the same may be landed, or put, before the same shall have been weighed or guaged, by or under the direction of a proper officer for that purpose; and if any such goods, wares or merchandise, shall be removed from such wharf or place, unless with consent of the proper officer, before the same shall have been so weighed or guaged, the same shall be forfeited, and may be seized by any officer of the customs.
And be it further enacted , That all goods, wares or merchandise of which entry shall have been made, without specification of particulars, shall be conveyed to some ware-house or store-house, to be designated by the collector in the parcels or packages containing the same, under the care of some proper officer, until the particulars thereof shall be examined and ascertained; agreeably to which the duties thereupon shall be finally adjusted and satisfied. And in every case, if the amount of the duties estimated, or secured to be paid, shall exceed or fall short of the true amount of the duties on the goods, wares or merchandise imported, as the same shall be finally ascertained, the difference shall be made good or allowed where there shall be an excess by return of the money, if paid, or credit on the bond which shall have been given for the same, if not paid; and where shall be a deficiency, by payment of such deficiency to the said collector.
And be it further enacted , That it shall be lawful for the collector of any district at which any ship or vessel may arrive, and for the surveyor of any port where any such ship or vessel may be, to put and keep on board such ship or vessel, while remaining within such district, or in going from one district to another, one or more inspectors to examine the cargo or contents of such ship or vessel, and to superintend the delivery thereof, or of so much thereof as shall be delivered within the United States; and to perform such other duties according to law, as they shall be directed by the said collector or surveyor to perform for the better securing the collection of the duties: Provided , That collectors only shall have power to put on board ships or vessels, inspectors to go from one district to another. And the said inspector or inspectors shall make known to the person having the charge or command of such ship or vessel the duties he or they are or are to perform; and shall suffer no goods, wares or merchandise to be landed or unladed from such ship or vessel without a proper permit for that purpose, and shall enter in a book to be by him or each of them kept, the name or names of the person or persons in whose behalf such permit was granted; together with the particulars therein specified, and the marks, numbers, kinds and descriptions of the respective packages which shall be unladed pursuant thereto. And the wages or compensation of such inspector or inspectors in going from one district to another, shall be defrayed by the master or person having the charge of the vessel in which they respectively go.
And be it further enacted , That it shall be lawful for all collectors, naval-officers, surveyors, inspectors, and the officers of the revenue cutters herein after mentioned, to go on board of ships or vessels in any part of the United States, or within four leagues of the coast thereof, if bound to the United States, whether in or out of their respective districts, for the purposes of demanding the manifests aforesaid, and of examining and searching the said ships or vessels: and the said officers respectively shall have free access to the cabin, and every other part of a ship or vessel: And if any box, trunk, chest, cask, or other package, shall be found in the cabin, steerage, or forecastle of such ship or vessel, or in any other place separate from the residue of the cargo, it shall be the duty of the said officer to take a particular account of every such box, trunk, cask or package, and the marks, if any there be, and a description thereof; and if he shall judge proper to put a seal or seals on every such box, chest, trunk, cask or package; and such account and description shall be by him forwarded to the collector of the district to which such ship or vessel is bound: And if upon her arrival at the port of her entry, the boxes, trunks, chests, casks, or packages so described, or any of them, shall be missing, or if the seals put thereon be broken, the master or commander of such ship or vessel shall forfeit and pay for every such box, trunk, chest, cask or package so missing, or of which the seals shall be broken, two hundred dollars: And it shall also be lawful for the inspectors who may be put on board of any ship or vessel, to secure after sunset in each evening, the hatches and other communications with the hold of such ship or vessel, with locks or other proper fastenings, which fastenings shall not be opened, broken or removed, until the morning following, or after the rising of the sun, and in presence of the inspector or inspectors by whom the same shall have been affixed, except by special licence from the chief officer of the port. And if the said locks or other fastenings, or any of them, shall be broken or removed during the night, or before the said rising of the sun, or without the presence
of the said inspector or inspectors, the master or person having the charge or command of such ship or vessel, shall forfeit and pay the sum of two hundred dollars.
And be it further enacted , That when the delivery of goods, wares or merchandise from on board of any such ships or vessel at any port shall have been completed; the accounts or entries which shall have been kept or made thereof by the officer or officers who shall have been charged with superintending the said deliveries, shall be reported to the collector of the district, who, together with the naval-officer, where there is one, or alone where there is none, shall compare the said accounts and entries with the entry or entries which shall have been made by the owner or owners, consignee or consignees, his, her or their factor or agent. And if any difference shall appear, the same shall be noted by endorsement on such entry or entries, specifying the particulars thereof; and if no difference shall appear, it shall be noted by like endorsement, that the deliveries have corresponded with the entry; which endorsement or memorandum shall in each case be subscribed by the officer or officers by whom such comparison shall have been made, and by the officer or officers under whose inspection the said deliveries shall have been executed.
And be it further enacted , That if at the expiration of fifteen working days after the time within which the report of the master or person having the charge or command of any ship or vessel, is required to be made to the collector of a district as aforesaid, there shall be found on board any goods, wares or merchandise, other than shall have been reported for some other district or a foreign port or place, the said inspector or inspectors shall take possession thereof, and deliver the same to the order of the collector of the district, taking his receipt therefor, and giving a certificate thereof to the master or person having such charge or command of such ship or vessel, describing the packages and their marks and numbers. And the said goods shall be kept with due and reasonable care at the charge and risk of the owner or owners for a term of nine months; and if within that time no claim be made for the same, the said collector shall procure an appraisement thereof by two or more reputable merchants to be certified under their hands and to remain with him, and shall afterwards cause the said goods to be sold at public auction, and retaining the duties and charges thereon, shall pay the overplus if any there be, into the treasury of the United States, there to remain for the use of the owner or owners, who shall upon due proof of his, her or their property, be entitled to receive the same; and the receipt or certificate of the collector shall exonerate the master or commander from all claim of the owner. Provided , That where any entry shall have been duly made of such goods, the same shall not be appraised; and that where such goods are of a perishable nature, they shall be sold forthwith. Provided further , That the said limitation of fifteen days shall not extend to ships or vessels laden with salt or coal; but if the said master or owner of any such ship or vessel requires longer time to discharge her cargo, the wages or compensation of the inspector for every day's attendance exceeding the said fifteen days, shall be paid by the said master or owner. And if by reason of the delivery of a cargo in different districts, more than the said term of fifteen working days shall in the whole be spent therein, the wages or compensation of the inspector or inspectors who may be employed on board of any ship or vessel, in respect to which the said term may be so exceeded, shall for every day of such excess be paid by the said master or owner.
And be it further enacted , That if any package whatever, which shall have been reported as aforesaid, shall be wanting and not found on board such ship or vessel, or if the goods on board the said ship or vessel shall otherwise not agree with the report of the master or other person having the charge or command of any such ship or vessel; in every such case he shall forfeit and pay the sum of five hundred dollars: Provided nevertheless , That if it shall be made to appear to the satisfaction of the collector, naval officer and surveyor, or the major part of them, where those officers are established at any port, or to the satisfaction of the collector alone where either of the said other officers is not established, or in case of trial for the said penalty, to the satisfaction of the court, that no part of the cargo of such ship or vessel has been unshipped since it was taken on board, except as shall have been specified in the said report, or that the said disagreement is by accident or mistake; in such case the penalty aforesaid shall not be inflicted.
And be it further enacted , That the following allowances shall be made for the drafts and tare of the articles subject to duty by weight, that is to say: For draught on any quantity of one hundred weight, or one hundred and twelve pounds, and under, one pound; on any quantity above one, and not exceeding two hundred weight, two pounds; on any quantity above two, and not exceeding three hundred weight, three pounds; on any quantity above three, and not exceeding ten hundred weight, four pounds; on any quantity above ten, and not exceeding eighteen hundred weight, seven pounds; on any quantity above eighteen hundred weight, nine pounds: For tare, on every whole chest of bohea tea, seventy pounds; on every half chest, thirty-six pounds; on every quarter chest, twenty pounds; on every chest of hyson or other green tea, the gross weight of which shall be seventy pounds or upwards, twenty pounds; on every box of other tea, not less than fifty or more than seventy pounds gross, eighteen pounds; on all other boxes of tea, according to the invoice thereof; on coffee in bags, two per cent. in bales, three per cent. in casks, twelve per cent.; on pepper in bales, five per cent. in casks, twelve per cent.; on sugars, other than loaf sugar, in casks, twelve per cent. in boxes, fifteen per cent.; on all other goods, according to the invoice thereof. Provided always , That where the original invoices of any of the said articles are produced, and the tare or tares appear therein, it shall be lawful, with the consent of the importer or importers, consignee or consignees, to estimate the said tare or tares according to such invoice.
And be it further enacted , That there shall be an allowance for leakage of two per cent. on the quantity which shall appear by the guage to be contained in any cask of liquors subject to duty by the gallon.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
The following incident lately occurred in one of the eastern States.
A French Gentleman, totally unacquainted with our language, being introduced to a circle of young ladies and gentlemen in a country town, after the usual compliments had passed, he seated himself beside a beautiful young lady; and, being deprived of the satisfaction of conversing with her, his countenance however, expressed the sentiments of his heart, his seizing her by the hand, she requested him to be easy; which he mistook for the French word, baisez (kiss me) began kissing her, to the great mirth of the whole company. The consequence however was, that the ladies came to a unanimous determination never to say "be easy," to a Frenchman.

"It is fancy, not the reason of things, that makes life so uneasy to us as we find it."
I CAN think of no rule that will determine, whether the evil or the good we anticipate, be most likely to turn out differently from what we expected. The imagination is equally apt to exaggerate in both cases. Excess of fear and anxiety is not less common, or less foolish, than the contrary extremes of hope and complacency. We are so much controlled by fancy, and whirled about by passion, that it is difficult to acquire a habit, of viewing things according to their real character, or of regulating our hopes and fears by any rational standard. Though I am not of the opinion, that disappointed hopes are a source of so much pain, as to balance the pleasure resulting from the indulgence of such hopes, I nevertheless think that barely to escape the evils we have-dreaded is no compensation for having cherished needless, and anxious fears. We are, as has been before observed, alike liable to meet with disappointment when we are swayed by fancy, either as to objects of good or evil. The impulses of hope are so lively and constant, that though they are frequently fallacious, they still return with fresh vigour and delight. So that upon the whole, we may reckon hope as a precious source of felicity. Nor do I conceive it very detrimental to happiness, to give wing to the imagination in looking for the enjoyment of objects which we may never attain. The only restriction in this case, is that we do not suffer ourselves to be so much elevated with alluring prospects, as to neglect ordinary duties, and to despise ordinary occurrences. A sacred regard to support a clear conscience, and a fair character, will restrain the pernicious effects of hope, and make it the source of much delight, intermingled with little inconvenience.
But it is far otherwise with respect to fear. This passion, though implanted as a natural guard or forewarner against the various hurtful incidents to which we are exposed, becomes a monstrous enemy to happiness, when we surrender it to fancy. If there be any case, in which reason should eminently assume a sway over the passions, it is in moderating the excesses of a fearful, anxious disposition. Ill health, loss of friends, and a thousand other misfortunes are apt to give a gloomy cast to the mind, and force it into an habit of cherishing imaginary evils. By this means, a fixed melancholy ensues, and a distrelth for the innocent enjoyments of life. We are thus deprived of those gratifications which providence puts in our way, and become the slaves of a servile passion. In this view of the subject, we can perceive the necessity of examining the reason of things, when fancy suggests any circumstance that excites fearful apprehensions. It is true, that it may be desirable, to have a right view of objects, when hope is stimulating us to action, but an error in this case is far less pernicious than an excessive and unreasonable degree of fear. For as evil is as uncertain as good, it is more eligible to hope too much of the one, than to fear too much of the other.
NEW-YORK, September 22.
By Captain Service, who arrived on Sunday from St. Petersburg, we learn, that a severe engagement between the Russian and Swedish fleets took place off Wyburg the latter end of June—That the former had taken and sunk five sail of the line and two frigates of the latter—The King of Sweden it is said had a narrow escape from being taken—Captain Service mentions that there was a rumour of this intelligence at Cronstadt before his departure, but when he touched at Copenhagen he obtained the above particulars of the event.
On Saturday last arrived here the ship Union, Capt. Whitlock, in 53 days from Liverpool, which place he left the 26th of July; nothing decisive relative to peace or war had at that time taken place, but every thing was in the greatest preparation. Some days before Capt. Whitlock sailed an Envoy had been sent off from the court of Great Britain to Madrid, with positive orders to return with an explicit answer from the Spanish minister, whether his court would accede to the demands of Great Britain or not, and that any further equivocation would be deemed a declaration of war. Upwards of twelve hundred seamen had been impressed at Liverpool about the middle of July. Amongst these were a number of Americans, who were, however, released upon their captains producing the proper testimonials of their citizenship.
We hear from Rhode-Island, that a valuable addition of curiosities has been made to the Museum of the college at Providence, by Capt. Joseph Ingraham, of Boston, which he had collected at Nootka Sound, and at the Sandwich islands. The corporation of the town have voted him their sincere thanks, and ordered their secretary to address him on the subject as soon as possible.
Daily Advertiser.
THE observation is not new, But still tho' ancient, not less true, That where men cluster thick together, (Like cackling geese in stormy weather) Amidst the din of news and noise, Some wondrous theme each tongue employs; Some one great subject thro' the town, Runs all inferior topics down.
As for example look at London, Great Britain's heir by debt is undone; Then poor Mad Peg, with carving knife, Aims at great George's coat—or life— A Pig,* or Cat†, as is the fashion, Gains the attention of the nation; Some boxing-match, to which the Prince Flies, his great courage to evince; Where some great Cobler maims a Weaver, Or Butcher fights a fam'd Coal-heaver; Where bones are broke, and joints are put out, Where bruises kill, and eyes are cut out; Such glorious themes fill English papers, Cure English ladies of the vapours; Nay, of such consequence are grown, That faith they nearly fill our own; Mendoza's battles, or sad work 'Bout duel fought by Duke of York, Of how his Highness' curl was hit, Or when George wore his Epauklet, Convey instructions to our youth, And teach them sentiment and truth:
Thus in all places some small matter, Is found for universal chatter— Assumption, Residence, M c Gillivray, Treaties, trainings of Artillery, Coweta's, Cuffitahs, and Choctaws, Tuskabatchees, and other Crackjaws.
When Congress wish'd to go away, Thus said our cits—or seem'd to say, "Ungrateful men, and will ye go, And can ye—dare ye—leave us so? After we've turn'd Old City Hall, Into fam'd Mansion Federal; After dismissing all our pavers ,† Worne smouth by trampling sweeps and shavers; Those venerably ancient stones, That bore our great forefathers' bones; That made the ploughman, when at work, Remember, he had seen New-York, And limping, tell his neighbour Clods, That city streets a'n't pav'd withods. After new mod'ling all our matters, And treating ye, as if our betters; And see! The lofty fort is down, The harmless guardian of our town; All open to the bay and seas, T'invite—for you—the summer breeze; And see yon tow'ring pile arise, A Babel!—threatening the skies; Rising—on! most unapt allusion: I do not mean to our confusion: And can ye so ungrateful be, From such kind patriots e'er to flee? Where will the soft, sweet, southern manners, So soon allure to pleasure's banners? So soon convince the artless maid, That love at best is but a trade; Beauty, a saleable commodity, Marriage, a state old fashion'd oddity; For which free joys may be exchang'd, In safe affairs should be derang'd; But otherwise a girl of merit, Should manage matters with more spirit; That uncontroul'd the joys of love, For ever?—that is—till ye move. Oh think, and think, and think again, Our thick, deep, complicated pain; How much we wish, and wish, to keep ye, Altho' long speeches make us sleepy; Remember all our anxious toil, The Philadelphians arts to fail; That we to keep ye—glad and willing, Gave six pence, hoping for a shilling.
Thus rav'd the wise ones of our city, Some suore t'was shame; some said t'was pity; When suddenly this topic dies, And all the rage is blank and prize ! No longer bluster, bounce and zounds, But ev'ry thought—three thousand pounds: From National Assembly prancing, They seek th' Assembly Room for dancing: § No longer loiter, nod and slumber, But watch the wheel, and catch the number; No longer, peeping thro' the grates, See Senators desert their seats, And walking forth as if for air, Strait to the anti-room repair, || View TRUMBULL's forms sublimely blaze, And feel the paint—with wondering gaze. Justly admire the glowing work, A lasting honor to New-York; An honor to our corporation, A future honor to our nation. Blest Lottery! Blest thirst of gain! That makes us lose all sense of pain: While our grave citizens were watching, And every rumour's rumour catching, Of who is blank, and who is prize, Mine is four pounds young Noddy cries— I'll not put up with it, not I, But oft to Roosevelts' and buy— Four pounds! Why tis'n't worth a thank— D—n it, I'd rather have a blank.
While thus all ranks were deep engag'd, And various war with fortune wag'd; Congress perceiv'd the lucky minute, Slipt off—left us—to bear and grin it. "Slipt off! but pray what did they do, By way of recompence to you? You! who in pure good natur'd pity, Granted them house-room in your city; And gave them beef, and fish, and mutton, And genteel Congress coats to put on; Their horses, cows, and goats, found hay for, And ev'ry thing—that they could pay for?" What did they do? Why Sir, I'll tell, They gave what we deserv'd full well— They met in form—good Heaven guard us, Resolv'd nem. con. they would reward us; Voted for great Potowmac's banks, And gave us—"What?"—They gave us—THANKS.
* The learned Pig.—† Lunardi's Cat. —‡ Stones for paving. § The Lottery it is well known was drawn in the Dancing Assembly Room. —|| The Room adjoining the Senate Chamber, where Mr. Trumbull paints his truly historical portraits of The President, and Governor Clinton. New-York, Sept. 17, 1790.
DR. FRANKLIN remarks, that in modern times, notice and advocate are become verbs; a man advocated a certain measure; I noticed his arguments. It is doubtless true that the use of these words as verbs is modern ; but I question the propriety of discarding this use of them. In this I should differ even from so respectable an authority as Dr. Franklin; altho I entirely concur with him that progress used as a verb, is both "abominable and awkward." Let us carefully attend to the idioms of our language, as well as to the harmony of its construction.
It is observable that multitudes of our verbs, perhaps one half of them that may be properly called English, are mere nouns, used in the form of verbs. This is the case with love, fear, hope, form, fashion, pen, interest, promise, &c. which by the prefix to , or the affixing the terminations of verbs, become real verbs; as to love, he loveth, &c. It is evident to any person who looks into old English authors, or examines the true structure of our language, that this was the original method of forming our verbs; it may therefore be considered as the genius of our language. Whenever therefore modern nouns or new words begin to be used as verbs, we have only to consider whether by assuming a new form, or taking the personal terminations of verbs, they do not become harsh, unharmious, or of difficult accent in pronunciation. If they do not, I see no rational objection to their use as verbs. The words notice and advocate are not liable to this objection. They are, in most variations, of easy pronunciation; and as they abridge the number of words necessary to convey certain ideas, I should, with deference to abler judges, suppose the use of them as verbs, proper and admissible. The same cannot be said of progress ; for to make it a verb it would be necessary to change the accent to the last syllable, and even then it would be a harsh and awkward word. The same objection lies against the use of difficulted , a word that cannot be pronounced, without violence to the organs.
The Doctor's remark on the use of opposed is very just. For a man to say "he is opposed to a measure" is neither English nor sense. He may oppose a measure and be opposed by another man; but not opposed to a measure; for this last passive sense, supposes an agent which opposes him to the measure; whereas the act of opposition, is limited to the person, which neuter sense should not be expressed in the passive form.
I am not a little surprised at the revival of the word stricken , after being disused for centuries. It may be fairly said that the word does not belong to modern English. The participle of strike is struck ; the word stricken being used in one phrase only in the vulgar translation of the bible, " stricken in years ," and this phrase , as well as the word, stricken , is wholly obsolete. I should as soon have expected to see the words wot and trowed revived in our national legislature, as stricken . For the honor of American Bellés Lettres, I hope the word may be permitted to rest in oblivion. If Lowth's authority should be produced against me, I would just observe, that he gives stricken as an old participle of strike , and so he does strucken ; but where are the words used?—Words are like leaves of trees, always changing, as Horace remarks; but when a word has ceased to be used by a nation, it no longer belongs to the language of that nation; and the compiler of a Grammar has no right to say it does. This is but one of a great number of egregious errors, which we find in Lowth's Introduction, a work which has done some good and some hurt. Even on Lowth's authority we may as well use strucken as stricken , but neither of them belongs to the present English language. N. W.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
REMARKS ON THE ENGLISH WRITERS.
MR. FENNO,
I WAS much pleased with the "remarks on the English Language," and hope they will be duly attended to; I am determined to profit by them, being conscious of their being applicable to myself. The New-England people are not the only persons who might be deservedly laughed at for such blunders—for their southern brethren are not wholly free from them. That attachment to ancient customs should take strong hold of the illiterate, and thereby prevent the adoption of improvements in literature, or useful arts, tho it must pain every benevolent mind, yet it is not surprising. But when we behold those on whom the rays of science have fallen, whose understandings are expanded by cultivation, and who consequently ought to be guided by views of public utility—I say, when we behold such persons acting a similar part, it not only gives pain, but must chagrin every philanthropist. These reflections have repeatedly occurred to me, when I beheld English writers larding their labors with scraps from other languages, by way of embellishment—I think this practice, (so justly branded with the epithet of pedantry) calls equally loud for redress, with the blunders committed by common people in speaking—and is as

far from being proper as "n'er a one;" by which (tho' I mean not to justify it) the main purpose of language is answered—but the faults of which the learned are guilty, marks not, and therefore cannot convey ideas to the majority of readers. Sometimes a few Latin or French words are inserted in a sentence, and the connection is such that the generality of readers would be equally edified, if the space was filled with Egyptian hieroglyphics. I am convinced there are many beautiful sentiments, and useful precepts in the ancient writers, and among moderns, not of our own language, that would be difficult to translate in such manner as to equal the original in simplicity and precision; I would however suggest the propriety of inserting the meaning in the body of the discourse—tho' I should have no objection to have the original given by way of notes, for the exquisite entertainment of linguists. ARISTIDES.
PARIS, June 10.
THE King will visit Paris only on Sunday's the rest of the week he will sojourn at St. Cloud or hunt at Rambouillet.
Our graver citizens do not approve of these movements. To reside at St. Cloud was a step too far, in their opinions, but to haunt at Rambouillet is terrifying.
But do you not observe, the more temperate Patriots ask them, do you not observe with what warmth and zeal his Majesty espouses the new constitution?
Yes, they reply; and we also recollect the favourite maxim of Lewis XIVth. he who knows not how to dissemble is not fit to reign.
A deputation of twenty four members waited on the King to thank him for his late proclamation, and to "express" their "unutterable" joy, transports, and affection at his Majesty's goodness "in thus inviting" the French to liberty and happiness."
LONDON, July 1.
Extract of a letter from Philadelphia, April 20.
"Dr. Franklin lived and died an ornament to the Philosophic and literary world; the press has already produced some anecdotes (hitherto unpublished) of this veteran and reverend sage; it is said his store of MS papers, memorandums, and correspondatory letters will afford a vast scope for literary publication upon Philosophy, Mathematics, legislative and circuitous Politicks, prior to, and during the late war. His correspondence seems to have been with men of the first rate abilities and genius, and not confined to any part of the globe. He found means to get communications of the first authority even from Asia as well as Africa, and the principal places in Spanish and Portuguese America. It is said his valuable collection is not a little added to by a series of letters written to him when at Paris, between the years 1775 and 1783, in a stile similar to that of the Jewish Spy, by a Mr. D——s, (who was employed in England during that time as agent for America, and is since gone to India) and are fraught with much political as well as commercial knowledge, describing in a particular manner the manufactures, and giving characters and anecdotes of the leading men of Great Britain, &c."
On Saturday arrived here Mr. Hallett and Mr. Hayward, two of the officers of the Bounty armed ship, under the command of Lieut. Bligh, who were put on board an open boat in the midst of the Pacific ocean by a mutinous crew, and left to the mercy of the seas. They relate that most of the hands in the boat that survived to reach Batavia, were so exhausted that it was feared nature would never be recruited in them. Four of the unfortunate sufferers are dead, and all the rest left in a very languishing state, and unable to take their passage to Europe, except two seamen who returned with the above gentlemen from Batavia, in a Dutch ship. These survivors mention with astonishment their preservation after the ship quitted them; left alone in the midst of a raging ocean, in a small open boat that was every moment liable to be filled with water and go down under them. Their only chance (being then in a strong eastern trade wind) was to steer W. N. W. directly before the sea and wind, as they would instantly have foundered had they attempted any other course. Having considerably upwards of 4000 miles before them till they could expect to fall in with any known land in the East Indies, despair (they say) would have taken full possession of their minds had it not been for the hope of falling in with some of the unknown islands of the Western ocean. They were not disappointed in this expectation, having at different times discovered several small islands in that immense expanse of water, but all of them inaccessible, owing to the natural rockiness of the shores, and the prodigious surf that broke upon them in every direction; so that this prospect only added to their misery, in presenting them with the sight of herbage and cocoa nut trees in abundance, the fruit of which they could not enjoy; at a time too when they were almost perishing for want of the least drop of moisture,
excepting that which the ocean, their own urine, or a transient shower supplied to them. Upon one of these islands they discovered savages, who came down upon the rocks and seemed to commiserate their condition as they passed by; but from the appearance of the island, which was very small and rugged, and, as far as they could see, surrounded with broken reefs, these Indians had no kind of embarkation, and probably till that day had no idea that there were any human beings in the universe except themselves.
JULY 17.
Peace alone can secure and maintain to the French nation that freedom of constitution they have so long and ardently sought after; war would divert the attention of the people, give a large system of patronage, in the hands of the King and his ministers, and perhaps finally overturn that beautiful edifice of liberty which the Assembly has almost completed. Hostilities would also bring about the evil which has been so long apprehended, nor could the entire possession of the Church property prevent the much dreaded calamities.
PORTSMOUTH (England) July 11.
The exertions in the dock-yard are beyond all belief great, and never before equalled; and it is a happy circumstance for this country, that our naval arsenals contain at this moment stores of every description in sufficient quantity for seven year's war; without requiring the assistance of a single rope yarn. Yesterday no less than fifty fine seamen came in a body from London, at their own expence, to enter on board the ships of war. The poor devils begin to think it as well to enter voluntarily as not, it being next to impossible for them to pursue their profession in merchantmen and avoid the press-gangs and armed tenders, who are continually in quest of them, and ready to snap them up the moment they come upon soundings."
LITCHFIELD (Connecticut) August 30.
Last week, before the Superior Court, now sitting in this town, Nathaniel Walker, Thomas Johnson and Eliphalet Worthington, were convicted of burglary in breaking the dwelling house of Obadiah Wheeler of Southbury, in the night season, with their faces blacked, abusing the said Wheeler, by knocking him down with large clubs; but no property was taken. Their sentence is, to be confined to Newgate for life, and there to be kept to hard labor. We are informed that Newgate prison will be speedily ready for their reception.
NEW-LONDON, September 10.
We hear, that on Tuesday and Wednesday of last week there was a collection of several hundred people on Preston plain, when the noted horse Recovery, owned by Pool, ran against the smartest horses that were brought on the ground and beat them with the greatest ease, and with great odds in weight.
Married at Plainfield, Mr. HEZEKIAH SPALDING, a bachelor of a large fortune, aged 68, to the amiable Miss MARY WILLIAMS, aged 22.
GEORGE-TOWN, September 11.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Nashville, to the printers of this paper, dated July 27.
"Major Doughty of the federal army, with a detachment of the troops commanded by General Harmar, is about erecting a fort at the mouth of the Tennassee on the Ohio, and is assisted by a number of Chickasaw warriors. This measure will render the navigation of Cumberland river much safer; and if another fort was established on the Tennassee, at the mouth of Duck-River, the distance not being over sixty miles from this place, it would be of great advantage to families moving to this country from the southern states, as they could go with their waggons to the mouth of French-broad, and from thence in flats to the mouth of Duck-River in four or five days."
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
SHOE STRINGS.
In ancient times when strings in shoes were worn, Your beauteous spirits turn'd up their noses in scorn; And wits of Britain hurl'd the shafts of satire, To ridicule the shoe-string legislator.— But vanquish'd by this brave, this shoe-string foe— And all their tow'ring schemes of pride laid low, Good humour'd grown, they take from us the fashion, And shoe-strings now adorn the British nation.
NEW-YORK, SEPTEMBER 22.
On Tuesday, the 14th August, there was a violent hurricane at the Island of Tobago, which did great damage; among many other vessels drove on shore, are the brig Olive Branch, Capt. Brown of Portsmouth, and sloop Dispatch, Capt. Wyatt, of Boston—It is feared none of the vessels will ever be got off.
As we can get nothing decisive respecting peace or war from Great Britain by accounts as late as 26 July—and the intelligence from Spain, from various quarters wears a pacific aspect—we may pretty safely conclude that those two Nations will not cut each others throats at present, for a few
acres of moonshine at Nootka Sound;—this idea is strengthened when we reflect that the season is too far advanced for extensive operations either by sea or land.
By accounts received by the Lively, from Bristol, we are informed, that the Grand National Meeting of the French nation, was held at Paris on the 10th July, and passed off with great eclat. The Right Hon. Charles Fox, accompanied The Duke of Orleans from England to Paris, and was received there with the highest marks of honor and respect.
The subject of elections now engages the attention of the citizens of the United States in various parts of the union. In Pennsylvania their present Governor, Thomas Mifflin, Esq.; and the Governor of the western territory, Arthur St. Clair, Esq. are candidates for the first office under their new constitution:—These gentlemen are openly, and fairly proposed to their countrymen, as persons duly qualified to discharge the duties of that high and important station;—they both very justly rank high in the esteem of their fellow citizens—having been distinguished patriots in "the times that tried mens souls."
Bribery and corruption are said to destroy the freedom of elections in Great Britain:—In this country a party spirit has frequently the same inauspicious effect. Electors adopt particular political creeds—and make them the standard of merit;—this is easily perceived by an artful candidate—and to be a democratic, a federalist, or a republican in appearance, is a substitute for every other essential requisite—and thus honest, consistent, inflexible Patriots are often neglected—while those who possess the flimsy arts of accommodation, and "becoming all things to all men," can pretend to no fixed character, insinuate themselves into the public favor.—It may be safely affirmed that the general interest never is promoted by persons of this description—they constantly disappoint our expectations, and are the cause of murmurings against the government.
"The Man of pure and simple heart Thro' life disdains a double part; He never needs the screen of lies, His inward bosom to disguise; Without controul he dares impart, The honest dictates of his heart; Nor party, nor its frowns he fears, But in his virtue perseveres; Such men, when heav'n would save the state— Ward off th' impending bolts of fate."
There is no freedom without civil government—In a state of nature, or which is nearly the same thing, anarchy, power alone gives law. This power exists for a time in the hands of the majority—when the minority is completely crushed—the majority turns its power on each other, till the oppression becoming intolerable, the miserable people seek refuge in the arms of a single oppressor, always finding the tyranny of a multitude less tolerable than that of an individual.
Civil government may be defined the art of controuling and directing human passions—every attempt to eradicate those passions, is utopian in the extreme, and involves an idea that the plan of creation is imperfect.
At the anniversary Commencement of Dartmouth College on the 25th ult. the honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws, was conferred on ALEXANDER HAMILTON, Esquire, Secretary of the Treasury of the United States of America.
ARRIVALS SINCE OUR LAST.—NEW-YORK.
  Ship Montgomery, Bunyan, London, 53 days   — Union, Whitlock, Liverpool, do.   — William, Hayes, ditto, do.   — Hope, Service, Peterburgh, 70   — George, Hunter, St. Andrews, 42   Brig Hull-Packet, Lawrence, Hull, do.   — Lively, Clark, Bristol, 53   Schooner, Catharine, Wilson, Shelburne, 6 
PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES,
FINAL SETTLEMENTS 12 3/4 a 12 7/8. INDENTS 7 1/2 a 7 3/4. STATE SECURITIES 8 3/4.
To be let, from 1st November, THE HOUSE in which the Editor now lives:—A good situation for a Boarding-House—being formerly occupied in that business.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Sept. 20, 1790.
IT is hereby made known, that the following arrangement has been adopted towards carrying into execution the Act, making provision for the debt of the United States, viz.
Loan-Office Certificates, and those issued by the Commissioners for the adjustment of accounts in the several States, will be receivable only at the Treasury and by the respective Commissioners of Loans within the States in which they were respectively issued. The Certificates issued by the Register of the Treasury, by the Pay Master General and Commissioner of Army Accounts, by the Commissioners for the adjustment of the Accounts of the Quarter Master's, Commissary's, Hospital, Cloathing, and Marine Departments, Indents of Interest, and Bills of Old Omission, will be receivable indiscriminately at the Treasury and by the Commissioners of all the States. The situation of the Checks has dictated this arrangement for the greater security of the public against impositions by forged or counterfeit paper, and the details which have been adopted from the same consideration for the execution of the business are such, that it will give facility and dispatch, if applications from the Holders of Certificates of the Register of the Treasury and of the Paymaster General, and Commissioner of Army Accounts, and of the Commissioners of the five Departments above mentioned, are made in the first instance at the Treasury; and if applications from the Holders of Loan Office Certificates, and Certificates issued by the Commissioners for the adjustment of Accounts in the respective States, are made in like manner to the Commissioners of Loans within the States in which they were issued. Transfers can afterwards be made to any Office that the Proprietors of these Certificates may desire.
The Printers in the several States are requested to insert this.

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS it hath, at this time, become peculiarly necessary to warn the citizens of the United States against a violation of the Treaties made at Hopewell, on the Keowee, on the twenty-eighth day of November, one thousand seven hundred and eighty five; and on the third and tenth days of January, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-six, between the United States and the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Chickasaw nations of Indians; and to enforce an act, entitled, "an act to regulate trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes;" copies of which treaties and act are hereunto annexed: I have therefore thought fit to require, and I do by these presents require all officers of the United States, as well civil as military, and all other citizens and inhabitants thereof, to govern themselves according to the treaties and act aforesaid, as they will answer the contrary at their peril.
GIVEN under my hand, and the Seal of the United States, in the city of New-York, the twenty-sixth day of August, in the year of our LORD one thousand seven hundred and ninety, and in the fifteenth year of the sovereignty and independence of the United States.
(SIGNED.) G. WASHINGTON.
By The President,
(SIGNED.) THOMAS JEFFERSON.
ARTICLES of a TREATY concluded at Hopewell, on the Keowee River, near Seneca Old Town, between Benjamin Hawkins, Andrew Pickens, and Joseph Martin, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, of the one part, and Piomingo, Head Warrior and First Minister of the Chickasaw Nation, Mingatushka, one of the leading Chiefs, and Latopoa, first beloved Man of the said Nation, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of all the Chickasaws, of the other part.
THE Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, give peace to the Chickasaw nation, and receive them into the favor and protection of the United States of America, on the following conditions:
ARTICLE I.
The commissioners Plenipotentiary of the Chickasaw nation, shall restore all the prisoners, citizens of the United States, to their entire liberty, if any there be in the Chickasaw nation. They shall also restore all the negroes, and all other property taken during the late war, from the citizens, if any there be in the Chickasaw nation, to such person, and at such time and place as the Commissioners of the United States of America shall appoint.
ARTICLE II.
The Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the Chickasaws, do hereby acknowledge the tribes and the towns of the Chickasaw nation, to be under the protection of the United States of America, and of no other sovereign whoever.
ARTICLE III.
The boundary of the lands hereby allotted to the Chickasaw nation to live and hunt on, within the limits of the United States of America, is, and shall be the following, viz. Beginning on the ridge that divides the waters running into the Cumberland from those running into the Tennessee, at a point in a line to be run north-east, which shall strike the Tennessee, at the mouth of Duck River; thence running westerly along the said ridge till it shall strike the Ohio; thence down the southern banks thereof to the Mississippi; thence down the same to the Choctaw line on Natches district; thence along the said line, or the line of the district eastwardly as far as the Chickasaws claimed and lived and hunted on the twenty-ninth of November, one thousand seven hundred and eighty two; thence the said boundary eastwardly, shall be the lands allotted to the Choctaws and Cherokees to live and hunt on, and the lands at present in the possession of the Creeks, saving and reserving for the establishment of a trading post, a tract or parcel of land to be laid out at the lower post of the Mufce Shoals, at the mouth of Ocochappo, in circle, the diameter of which shall be five miles on the river, which post, and the lands annexed thereto, shall be to the use and under the government of the United States of America.
ARTICLE IV.
If any citizen of the United States, or other person not being an Indian, shall attempt to settle on any of the lands hereby allotted to the Chickasaws to live and hunt on, such person shall forfeit the protection of the United States of America, and the Chickasaws may punish him or her as they please.
ARTICLE V.
If any Indian or Indians, or persons residing among them, or who shall take refuge in their nation, shall commit a robbery or murder, or other capital crime, on any citizen of the United States of America, or person under their protection, the tribe to which such offenders may belong, or the nation, shall be bound to deliver him or them up to be punished according to the ordinances of the United States in Congress assembled; provided that the punishment shall not be greater than if the robbery or murder, or other capital crime, had been committed by a citizen on a citizen.
ARTICLE VI.
If any citizen of the United States of America, or person under their protection, shall commit a robbery or murder, or other capital crime, on any Indian, such offender or offenders shall be punished in the same manner as if the robbery or murder, or other capital crime, had been committed on a citizen of the United States of America; and the punishment shall be in presence of some of the Chickasaws, if any will attend at the time and place; and that they may have an opportunity to do so, due notice, if practicable, of the time of such intended punishment shall be sent to some one of the tribes.
ARTICLE VII.
It is understood that the punishment of the innocent, under the idea of retaliation, is unjust, and shall not be practised on either side, except where there is a manifest violation of this treaty; and then it shall be preceded, first by a demand of justice, and if refused, then by a declaration of hostilities.
ARTICLE VIII.
For the benefit and comfort of the Indians, and for the prevention of injuries or oppressions on the part of the Citizens or Indians, the United States in Congress assembled, shall have the sole and exclusive right of regulating the trade with the Indians, and managing all their affairs in such manner as they think proper.
ARTICLE IX.
Until the pleasure of Congress be known, respecting the eighth article, all traders, citizens of the United States of America, shall have liberty to go to any of the tribes or towns, of the Choctaws, to trade with them, and they shall be protected in their persons and property, and kindly treated.
ARTICLE X.
The said Indians shall give notice to the citizens of the United States of America, of any designs which they may know or suspect to be formed in any neighboring tribe, or by any person whatsoever, against the peace, trade or interest of the United States of America.
ARTICLE XI.
The hatchet shall be forever buried, and the peace given by the United States of America, and friendship re-established between the said States on the one part, and all the Chickasaw nation on the other part, shall be universal; and the contracting parties shall use their utmost endeavors to maintain the peace given as aforesaid, and friendship re-established.
IN WITNESS of all, and every thing herein determined, between the said States and all the Chickasaws, We, the underwritten Commissioners, by virtue of our full powers, have signed this Definitive Treaty, and have caused our Seals to be hereunto affixed.
DONE at Hopewell, on the Keowee, this tenth Day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty six.
(SIGNED)
BENJAMIN HAWKINS, ANDREW PICKENS, JOSEPH MARTIN. PIOMINGO, MINGATUSHKA, LATOPOIA.
(WITNESS)
WILLIAM BLOUNT, WILLIAM HAZRARD, SAMUEL TAYLOR.
JAMES CORE, Sworn Interpreter.
DISCOURSES ON DAVILA.
No. XX.—CONCLUDED.
Faible enfant, qui de Guise adorait les caprices Et dont on ignorait les vtus et les vices.s.
LA SAGUE took the road to Bearn, charged with letters and commissions for the King of Navarre, from the Constable, the Admiral and their adherents. At Etampes, he was arrested and all his papers seized, and brought to court, by order of the Queen and the Guises. La Sague, interrogated on the rack, confessed, that the design of the Prince of Cond, to which the King of Navarre was privy and consenting, was to march from Bearn, under pretext of repairing to court, and to make himself master in his course, of the principal cities of the kingdom, to take possession of Paris by means of the Constable, and Marshall Montmorencie his son, who had the government of it; to cause, in the next place to revolt, Picardy; by the intrigues of Senarpont and Bouchavannes; Brittany, by those of the duke D'Etampes, who, as governor had a powerful party there. He declared that the Prince was in course to come to court, at the head of all the forces of the Hugonots; oblige the States General to dismiss from the Ministry, the Queen-mother and the Guises, to declare that the King cannot be of age, till twenty-two years old, and finally to give him for tutors and regents of the kingdom, the Constable, the Prince de Condn and the King of Navarre. La Sague added, that by moistening with water, the covering of the letters of the Vidame de Chartres, they would see, in writing, all that he had revealed. The Plan of the enemies of the Princes of Lorrain, was indeed found upon trial, written, upon the cover of the letters of the Vidame de Chartres, in the proper hand of Flemim D'Ardoy, secretary of the Constable. This revelation of the secret by La Sague, put the court upon a thousand manmuvres, to strengthen their party in the Provinces, but still they continued to dissemble their designs of vengeance: The Protestants somewhat encouraged on one hand by hopes, and still tormented with persecutions on the other, broke out in arms in several places: But the Prince de CondC, whose anxiety must have been very great for his present safety, if his ambition was not as insatiable, and his natural inquietude as troublesome as is represented, made an attempt to seize upon Lyons as a strong hold, and an asylum for himself and a place of arms for his party; but he miscarried, and many of his partisans, the poor Hugonots, were executed.uted.
As soon as the King was informed of this enterprize, he resolved not to give the discontented leisure to form new ones. He left Fontainbleau, accompanied with a thousand lances, and two regiments of old infantry, lately returned from Piedmont and Scotland. He took the road to Orleans, pressing the deputies of the Provinces, to repair to that city.
The French nation is divided into three orders, or states, the Clergy, the Nobility, and the People. These three orders are distributed into thirty districts or jurisdictions, called Bailliages or Seneschalships. When an assembly of the States General is to be held, they resort to the capital of their respective Provinces, where they elect each one separately a deputy, who assists, in the name of his order, at the general assembly, and who enters into all the deliberations relative to the particular interests of each one of the three orders, and to the general good of the state. Each Bailliage furnishes three deputies, the first for the Clergy, the second for the Nobility, and the third for the People, under the name, which in France was then considered as more honourable, of the third estate. All these deputies assembled in presence of the King, of the Princes of the blood, and of the officers of the crown, form the Body of the States General, and act in the name of the nation, whose power and authority they represent.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT.
July 13, 1790.
NOTICE is hereby given, that Proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary of the Treasury, to the first day of October next in-clusive, for the supply of all rations, which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January to the thirty first day of December 1791, both days inclusive, at the places, and within the district herein after mentioned, viz.
At any place or places, betwixt Yorktown in the state of Pennsylvania, and Fort Pitt and at Fort Pitt.
At any place or places, betwixt Fort Pitt and Fort M'Intosh, on the River Ohio, and at Fort M'Intosh.
At any place or places, betwixt Fort M'Intosh and the mouth of the River Muskingum, and at the mouth of the River Muskingum.
At any place or places, betwixt the mouth of the River Muskingum, and up the said River to the Tuscarawas, and at the Tuscarawas, and thence over to the Cayoga River, and down the said River to its mouth.
At any place or places, betwixt the mouth of the river Muskingum, and the mouth of the Scioto River, and at the mouth of the said River Scioto.
At any place or places, betwixt the mouth of Scioto River, and from thence to the great Miami at the mouth of the great Miami, and from thence to the Rapids, on the Falls of the Ohio, and at the said Rapids.
At any place or places, betwixt the mouth of the great Miami, up the said Miami, to and at Piquetown, and thence over to the Miami Village, on the river of the same name which empties into Lake Erie.
At any place or places from the rapids of the Ohio, to the mouth of the Wabash, thence up the said Wabash to Post St. Vincennes, at Post St. Vincennes, and thence up the said river Wabash, to the Miami Village, before described.
At any place or places, from the mouth of the Wabash river to the mouth of the river Ohio.
At any place or places, on the east side of the river Mississippi, from the mouth of the Ohio river, to the mouth of the Illinois river.
At any place or places, from the mouth of the Miami river to the Miami Village.
At any place or places, from the Miami Village to Sandusky, and at Sandusky, and from Sandusky to the mouth of Cayoga river.
At any place or places, betwixt Fort Pitt and Venango, and at Venango.
At any place or places, betwixt Venango and Le Beuf, and at Le Beuf betwixt Le Beuf and and Presq' Isle, at Presq' Isle, and betwixt Presq' Isle and the mouth of Cayoga river.
At the mouth of Cayoga river, and at any place or places, on the route from Fort Pitt, to the mouth of Cayoga river, by the way of Big Beaver creek.
At any place or places, on the east side of the Mississippi, between the mouth of the Ohio and the river Margot inclusive.
At any place or places, from the said river Margot, to the river Yazous inclusive.
At any place or places from the mouth of the river Tennessee, to Ocochappo or Bear creek, on the said river inclusive.
Should any rations be required at any places, or within other districts, not specified in these proposals, the price of the same to be hereafter agreed on, betwixt the public and the contractor.
The rations to be supplied are to consist of the following articles, viz.
 One pound of bread or flour,  One pound of beef, or 3/4 of a pound of pork,  Half a jill of rum, brandy or whisky,  One quart of salt,  Two quarts of vinegar,  Two pounds of soap,  One pound of candles, } per. 100 rations, 
The proposals must specify the lowest price per ration. No credit is required. ALEXANDER HAMILTON, Secretary of the Treasury.
By Order of the Honorable Richard Morris, Esq. Chief Justice of the State of New-York.
NOTICE is hereby given to Lewis M'Donald, of Connecticut, an absent debtor, that upon application and due proof made to the said chief justice by a creditor of the said Lewis M'Donald, pursuant to an act of the Legislature of the said State, entitled, "An act for relief against absconding and absent debtors," passed the 4th April, 1786; he, the said chief justice, has directed all the said Lewis M'Donalds estate, within this State, to be seized, and that unless he shall discharge his debts within twelve months after the publication of this notice, the same will be sold for the payment of his creditors. Dated the 3d May, 1790. New-York, May 7, 1790. (ivw. 1y.)
TO BE LET,
On very low terms—and entered upon immediately, until the first of May next.
THAT elegant new TWO STORY BRICK HOUSE, in the Bowery-Lane, formerly occupied by ROBERT GILBERT LIVINGSTON, deceased; it has seven Fire Places with a good Cellar under the whole House—a convenient out-House in the rear, with a Coach-House, and Stables: for further particulars enquire of MANGLE MINTHORN. (2 w. t. f.) Corporation Dock.
ADVERTISEMENT.
THE Proposals for printing this paper stipulated, that it should "be published at the seat of the federal government"—Pursuant to this engagement, "THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES" will, from the beginning of November next, be published at PHILADELPHIA.
The Subscribers, who may please to continue their patronage of the Publication, will be supplied from Philadelphia as soon as possible after it is out of the press, on the present terms.
War Department, Sept. 9th, 1790.
INFORMATION is hereby given to all the military Invalids of the United States, that the lums to which they are annually entitled, and which will become due on the fourth day of March ensuing, will be paid on the said day, by the Commissioners of the Loans within the states respectively, under such regulations, as the President of the United States may direct.
H. KNOX, Secretary for the Department of War.
(The Printers in the respective States are requested to publish the above in their newspapers, for the space of two Months.)
The Mail Diligence, FOR PHILADELPHIA,
LEAVES the Ferry-Stairs, at New-York, Ten minutes after Eight o'clock every morning except Sunday. Stage Office, City Tavern, Broad-Way, New-York June 5, 1790.
Dr. Price's Revolution Sermon may be had of the Editor.—Price 1/7.
A large impression of this paper having been struck off from the commencement of the second vol. April 14.—Those who incline to become subscribers from that period, may be furnished with the numbers compleat.