The daily advertiser (New York [N.Y.]), 1788-01-12 00:00:00

The Daily Advertiser.
[VOL. IV.]
NEW-YORK: SATURDAY, JANUARY 12, 1788.
[No. 9001.]
Wm. Backhouse, & Co.
No. 15, Duke-street---have for Sale, RED PORT WINE, SHIPPED by the Royal Port Company, the quality of whose Wines experience has shown to be su- perior to any imported into America. ALSO, OLD MADEIRA, SHERRY, TENERIFFE, FAYAL, and LISBON WINES, in pipes, hog- sheads and quarter casks. And Liverpool CROCKERY WARE, by the Crate. Jan. 7. tf.
TO BE SOLD By GEORGE DOUGLASS,
No. 14, Fly-Market; ONE hundred barrels Philadelphia superfine Flour, 150 do. do. common do. 50 half barrels do. do. 3000 lb. Cayenne and Nilpaniola Cotton, 8 cwt. Hops, 100 barrels Ship-bread, Pork in barrels, Bar Iron, Old Jamaica Spirits in hds. Dec. 4. tf.
HAYMAN LEVY,
Has for sale at his Store, No. 7, Duke-street, A Choice parcel of Northern FURRS, viz. GREEN and OLD COAT BEAVER, GREEN & OLD COAT RACCOON, BEAVER TRIMMINGS, And MUSK-RATS. Jan. 5. 1m.
GEORGE POLLOCK,
Has received by the Hudson from Dublin, and the Anne and Susannah from Liverpool. A general and complete Assortment of 4-4, 7-8 & 3-4 Low-priced IRISH LINEN, Which he will sell on very moderate terms, at his STORE, No. 28, Water-street. POT ASHES and FLAX-SEED received in payment. Sept. 13. tf.
JUST IMPORTED, TENERIFFE WINES
Of a very superior quality, which will be disposed of by the quantity or single Pipe, by JOHN C. SHAW, at his Store opposite Van Zandt's wharf. Oct. 12. tf.
To be LET,
On reasonable Terms, A GENTLE FURNISHED ROOM, near the Coffee- House, very suitable for a single gentleman, or a small family. For particulars enquire at No. 19, Water-street. N.B. BOARDING may be had if required, and a front Cellar. Nov. 17. tf.
ATTWOOD and TRONSON,
Have for sale, at their Store, No. 11, Great Dock- street, A general assortment of Swedes and American Bar IRON, CONSISTING of Axe Iron, Cart Tire, Wagon, Chair and Sleigh Tire, mill Irons, and Iron of uncommon figure; Steel of all kinds, English flagged the much esteemed blistered L.O. American blistered and Tub Steel, Anvils of all sizes, Back Irons, Vices, &c. &c. A variety of Castings and other articles, which they will sell low for cash, or country produce. All orders for cast Iron, or wrought Iron for mill work, &c. will be duly received, and executed with dispatch. * * Bar Iron or any other article, received and sold on commission. A quantity of Albany Pease for sale. Oct. 24. 1787. tf.
FOR SALE BY ROBERT JOHNSTON,
No. 14, Water-street, in the house lately occupied by Colonel Samuel Ogden. A Large and general assortment of IRON CAST- INGS, among which are the following, viz. Iron hollow ware of all sizes, Pot-ashes kettles, cast with bottom down, Clock and window weights, griddles large and small Tea-kettles large and small, bake-panes do. do. Cart, wagon, coach and chair boxes, 56, 28, 14 and 7 1/2 lbs. weights with rings, Mora sand-pellets, lad irons, Franklin stoves, large and small, Rittenhouse do. do. Ten and six-plated do. do. close stoves with pipes, Sharp's new invented stove-grates, Canada stoves for large rooms, Patent caboules for ships, with one and two boilers, grates and oven, Fire places with jambs complete, Back plates of every dimension, Hibernia, Mount Hope, New Mine and Andover pig metal, Gudgeons and mill irons, Refined and Bloomery bar iron, spike iron, sheetroo Nail rods of all sizes, Iron hoops for hds. and bbls. horse shoes, 20d. 120. rod, and 8d. nails, 7 inch, 6 inch and 5 inch spikes, Crooked and blistered steel. The above articles will be sold for cash and coun- try produce, at the lowest prices; and a large allow- ance made to those who buy to sell again. All orders for wrought or cast iron will be duly at- tended to, and forwarded, agreeable to pattern, at the shortest notice. Oct. 29. tf.
To be had at LOT MERKEL's Store,
No. 33, Hanover-square, nearly opposite the Bank, TOBACCO for SMOAKING; KITEFOOT of the first quality; ditto of an inferior or ditto; large roll tobacco, fit for manufac- turers; segars, genuine Macuba snuff; ditto rapper of different qualities; gentle men's gloves, buck- skin and beaver, of the first quality. At the above Store the highest price is given for SHIPPING FURS. June 12. tf.
FOR SALE,
CINENG, LINTSEED OIL, BEEF, PORK, FLOUR, FLAX-SEED, BUT- TER, Quintal FISH, MACKAREL, &c. by Storm and Sickles, Dec. 28. tf. No. 35, Little-Dock-street.
JACOB REED, junior,
At his OFFICE, No. 20, Queen-street, near the Fly-Market. BUYS, SELLS and EXCHANGES SECURITIES of the United States, and of this State, and furnishes on the most reasonable terms, such Certificates as are receivable on the Sales of Public Lands, and for the arrearages of Quit Rents within this State. Also, Certificates that will pay for the Lands late- ly Sold, as well as those granted to certain compa- nies, by the United States. In fact, every transaction, both in the Continental and State FUNDS, negotiated with dispatch, and on the most easy terms.
MONEY EXCHANGES.
The Paper Money of this State at all times ex- changed for Specie, which is re-exchanged for Pa- per Money, at only half per cent. advance from the giving rate. Dec. 12. wfm. tf.
MANCHESTER GOODS.
Imported in the Montgomery, Capt. Bunyan, and for Sale on very reasonable terms,
By DANIEL TUCKER, & Co.
No. 202, Water-street, for Cash or Country Pro- duce only, 7-8, 4-4, and 4-4, 3-8, Cotton Checks, Striped Ticks, Dyed Pillows, Black and Olive Velveteens, low priced; Checked Handkerchiefs, Malabars; Copperplate Furniture Cottons, Black Silk Handkerchiefs, Cotton Thickets, A neat assortment of Shawls, Men's and Women's Beaver Gloves, Romall Handkerchiefs, Fancy Printed Do. 1-2 Dozen cases of Hats, low priced, and well assorted. Dec. 1. tf.
TO BE SOLD,
A Number of improved FARMS, in the counties of Dutchess, Ulster and Orange; likewise a quantity of unimproved Land in either of the said counties. Apply to J. JOHNSTON, No. 18, Wall- street. Dec. 25. tf.
ANY Person having demands on the estate of
JAMES YOULE, deceased, are requested to call on the subscriber for payment. And all those who are indebted to said estate are hereby requested to call and discharge their accounts before the first day of January next, or may expect their accounts will be put in the hands of an attorney, for recovery of the same, without distinction; as a settlement of that estate must be made at the time above mentioned. JOHN YOULE, Administrator. Nov. 14. tf. No. 64, Beckman-Street.
Who has just opened a fresh and general assort-
ment of Hardware, Ironmongery, and Cutlery, Which he will dispose of very reasonable by whole- sale or retail.
FLAX-SEED,
Stored, cleaned purchased and sold, at HARTELL and WOODWARD's FLAX-SEED STORE, lately occupied by Mr. Ja- cob Sarty, last by Mr. Nash, between Van Zandt's and Murray's Wharves. Oct. 22. tf.
WILLIAM USTICK, jun.
No. 33, Queen-street; HAS just received by the SALLY and other late vessels from Bristol, a general assortment of IRONMONGERY and CUTLERY; Amongst which are--Nails, Glass, Paints, Sheet Iron, Sheet Lead, blistered and Crawley Steel, Anvils, Vices and Beck Irons, brass Kettles, iron Pots and Kettles, Frying Pans, Spades and Shovels, Shovel and Tongs, Bellows, Warming Pans, brass and iron Can- delsticks, hard and soft Waffle Irons, men and boys Scates, long handle hair Brooms, Brushes of all kinds, Knives and Forks, Pen and Jack-knives, Shears and Scissors, wire and spring Mouse and Rat Traps, Jacks, Cloves, Brad, and Screws of all sizes, Zers, Locks and Hinges of every kind, Carpenters, Coopers and Joiners Tools, &c. &c. He has also for sale Pickled Mackerel, Salmon and Herrings, which he will dispose of on reasona- ble terms for Cash; also Nails of all sizes, manu- factured in this city, and equal to any imported. New-York, Nov. 15, 1787. tf.
Turk's Island SALT,
Soal Leather and Muscovado Sugar, In Barrels. A Quantity of each, now landing at Peck- Slip. Attendance for the SALE of which, will be given by Murray, Mumford, and Bowen, Who have also for Sale, At No. 20, Peck-Slip,
A QUANTITY of best Peterburgh
clean HEMP, BOHEA TEA, MOLASSES, BURR FLOUR, BEEF, PORK, HOG'S LARD, YORK RUM, SHEET CORK, CAYENNE COCOA, DRY COD-FISH, RUSSIA and RAVENS DUCK, HOLLAND POWDER. 100 Boxes SPERMACETI CANDLES, COD SOUNDS and TONGUES, in Bar- rels. A large ANCHOR, weighing 30 cwt. to be sold Cheap.
WANTED,
Forty Barrels PEARL ASHES, thirty bar- rels WHALE OIL, twelve thousand SU- GAR HOGSHEAD STAVES, fifty-five inches long. New-York, December 14, 1787. tf.
FOR SALE BY JOHN DEWINT,
Maiden-lane, No. 36. A FEW hds. New-York Rum; ditto St. Croix Rum; a few cases gin; a parcel sugar in hds. writing paper, common and post; sundry articles of Dry Goods; a few boxes hylon and tiong tea; 4 barrels gum of lignum vitae; and a pot-ash kettles, that have been a short time in use. Nov. 17.
JUST ARRIVED TO HUGH SMITH,
No. 22, WALL-STREET, A general and complete assortment of 4-4, 7-8 & 3-4 Low-priced IRISH LINEN, Which he will dispose of on reasonable terms for cash. Sept. 15. tf.
Sixty Pipes of MADEIRA,
In pipes, hogsheads and quarter-casks, of superi- or quality, to be landed this day at Cruger's- wharf, and to be sold by JOZE ROIZ SILVA. 22d Aug. 1787. tf.
FOR SALE,
PORK, Beef, Lard, Tallow, Butter, and other produce; also, a quantity of white and pitch-pine Boards and Plank, pitch- pine Scantling, Cypress and Cedar Shingles, Oak Lath, and several other articles of Timber. Enquire at No. 8, Little Dock- street, or at the Lumber Yard, North-river. B. SWARTWOUT & SON. N.B. A few barrels Spirits Turpentine, and 20,000 Flax-seed Cask Staves and Heading, to be sold low. Dec. 29. 2w
H. & J. Thompson,
No. 29, Front-street, near Burling-Slip. Have for Sale, on low terms for CASH, PRINTED Calicoes, a general assortment, Scarlet, silk and hair Twist, coarse Wool- lens, Irish Linens, low priced, Russia Sheet- ing, printed Handkerchiefs, Bengal Taftasies, Canvas, No. 1 to 7, seaming Twine, Sugar in barrels, Cocoa in do. Earthen Ware and Delft Ware. Jan. 1, 1788. tf.
George Gilford
BEGS leave to acquaint the respectable Public, that he repairs and tunes Or- gans, Piano-Forces, Harpsichords, Spinetts, &c. &c. at a very moderate rate; he hopes to be able to give the fullest satisfaction to those who will favor him with their employ- ment. Nassau-street, No. 64. Dec. 18. tu. 4w.
FRANCIS PANS,
No. 51, Broad-street, Has received by the Montgomery, collected by the other late arrivals, and has remaining on hand of his former stock, the following general as- sortment in the FANCY, MILLENNERY, and DRY GOOD Line,
CHINA and satin ribbons, a great variety differ- ent widths and colors; plain net, crape, foul- de, silk spotted and striped, black and white gauzes; fancy colored cane hats, yellow and black Leghorn do. per dozen or quantity; black and white skein and ribbon wires; wire frames for the latest fashion bonnets; mock point laces; black silk ditto, and edgings; white thread laces and edgings; black fat- tens and modes; sheetings, white and colored large- ness; chintzes and calicoes; furniture cope; perpi- do. linen and checks; moareens, callimancoes and stuff; silk, thread, cotton, and worked hose; pink, blue, green, and dove colored silk quilts; muslin and cotton shawls; silk, linen, and cotton handkerchiefs; corded dimities, mouselinet and chintz trimmings; plain and sprigged lawns; plain and striped mul- lins; lawn and muslin handkerchiefs; fine and com- mon cambrics; black patent net lace; nankeens, umbrellas, artificial flowers, feathers, flannels, baizes, and striped wildbores, sewing silks, threads, &c. &c. all which will be sold on the very lowest terms, for immediate payment. He returns his sincere thanks to the public in gene- ral for their past custom, and solicits a continuance. The Millinery Business will still continue to be carried on in the most extensive manner, with the utmost exertions to give satisfaction; and to enable him to sell off the large stock of gauzes, ribbons, &c. remaining on hand, every article in that line will be charged at the lowest terms possible. Nov. 23. tf.
SHALER and SEBOR
No. 27 Queen-street, have for sale, A QUANTITY of plated ware, consisting of can- dlesticks, branches, tea caddies, snuffer pans, egg cups, goblets, coffee pots and Milkjugs, black table cakes, with knives, forks, and spoons com- plete, brass stands, paper bottle stands, japanned bread-trays, caddies and snuffer pans, plate warm- ers, brass chasing dishes, corkcrews, steel snuffers, sadlery, brass rings, cloak pins, sleeve buttons, brass table hinges, guns and gun locks, China tea cups, chimney tiles, sets of house brushes, near mahog- any razor cases, flyer watches, elegant steel and git watch chains, trinkets, shirt pins, buckles, rings, paste, shoe, knee, and stock buckles and sleeve but- tons, fine Irish sheeting, fine dyed jeans, Marseilles quilting, silk shaggs, black crape, white and black gauzes, muslins, mouselins, seeluckers, habassies, fetterfoys, barnege, romalls, corded dimity, and a box of assorted bolting cloths, with a variety of other articles which will be disposed of for cash or shipping produce, at a price much below the Sterling cost.
At same place may be had, Madeira, Teneriffe, and Malaga wine, by the pipe or quarter cask, Cham- pagne of an excellent quality, by the case or dozen, Essex duffel blankets, a variety of hard ware, a large assortment of Irish linens, 3-4, 7-8 and 4-4, re- ceived by the Montgomery, now opening, and will be sold together with the above goods on the lowest terms. New-York, November 27, 1787. tf.
For Londonderry and Glasgow,
To Sail on the 15th inst. The SHIP GEORGE, JOHN HUNTER, Master. FOR Freight or Passage, apply to the Master on board, at Mr. Hall's wharf, or to
Thos. Buchanan & Co.
No. 46, Wall-street.
Who have for Sale,
A few bales Osnaburghs, One trunk Check Handkerchiefs, Two boxes assorted Mullins, A few cases Nails, from 14 oz. Tacks, to 5 inch Spikes, British Sail Cloth, from No. 1, to 8, Teneriffe and Vidonia Wine, in pipes, A few chaldron large Coal. N.B. White Oak hhd. Staves and Heading, Red Oak hhd. Hoops, White Pine Boards, or Pot-Ashes will be received in payment for the above goods. January 1, 1788. 2w
FORTY TIERCES OF
NEW RICE,
JUST landed, to be SOLD LOW, at No. 17, John-street. Jan. 7. tf.
SALT-PETRE.
A few hundred weight may be had very low of EFFINGHAM LAWRENCE, No. 227, Queen-street, facing the Fly-market. Also a large and general assortment of
Genuine DRUGS & MEDICINES,
Patent Medicines, Perfumeries, Surgical Instru- ments, &c. for which Cash, Guiling, Bees- wax, Snake-root, Pot and Pearl-ashes, &c. will be taken in payment. MEDICINE CHESTS complete, with directions. Orange Pear for Illness. N.B. An APPRENTICE wanted. Oct. 12. tf.
GEORGE BARNEWALI & Co.
No. 205, WATER-STREET, near the Coffee-house. HAS just imported, in the ship Providence from London, an assortment of IRISH LI- NENS, SHEETINGS, DOWLAS and THREADS, low and high priced; which they will sell on rea- sonable terms, for cash or short credit. They have also on hand, a variety of PAPER HANGINGS, with f兒oon and other borders, and rod, and other sized NAILS. July 7.
LOT MERKEL,
No. 33, Hanover-Square, nearly opposite the Bank, Manufactures and has for sale a complete and ge- neral assortment of MUFFS and TIPPETS, of
MARTIN and Martin Throat,
Swan's Down and real Ermine, Ruffs and Siberia Squirrel, American Ground Squirrel, Russia Hare and red Fox, Real black Jennet, belt forts, Mock Sable and Mock Ermine. Likewise a large and general assortment of Fur Trimming and Edgings, for Ladies Cloaks, Coats and Habits, Ladies Cloak Linings, Gentlemen's Great Coats lined with Furs, Fur Gloves, &c. &c. * * The above articles he is now selling on the most reasonable Terms for Cash only. N.B. Orders from the Country executed in the best manner. October 11, 1787. tf.
HILL and OGDEN,
No. 41, Great-Dock-street, have just imported by the Grace, from Amsterdam, and for sale on very reasonable terms, for Cash, Notes at short Payments, Pot-ashes, Flax-seed, Bar-Iron, Wheat or Flour, an assortment of the following articles, viz. TICKLENBURGS, oznaburghs, German dowlas, Russia Raper, platillas, Britannias, cotton and linen bedcks, sheetings of excellent quality, white fle- mish linen, German stripes and checks, lawns, cal- licoes, writing paper, &c. They have likewise for sale, coarings, Yorkshire cloths, calimancoes, du- rants, flannels, Irish linens, &c. Also, IMPROVED FRANKLIN STOVES, cast in the Air-Furnace, at Newark, which, besides be- ing exceedingly neat, are constructed to give more heat into the room, a remedy for smoky chimneys, and more secure from fire than any other. Also, Pot- ash kettles, forge hammers and anvils refined from bog-ore, pig-metal, and approved by many years experience. N.B. Orders are received by them for every kind of hollow-ware and iron-castings, made at said Air-Furnace, and will be executed with dispatch and superior neatness. Oct. 27. tf.
JAMES SAIDLIER
Insurance Broker, No. 31, Water-street, two doors from the corner of King-street. BUYS and sells on Commission, all kinds of Pub- lic Securities, Goods and Produce, as usual. He has also imported in the Wilson, from Liver- pool, the America, from London, and left vessels from Europe, a neat assortment of GOODS, consist- ing of fine brown, mix, blue, drab, and copper- coloured Broad Cloths, Coatings, Duffsels and Blan- kets, Flannels and Barzes, 3-4, 7-8, 4-4 and 11-8 wide cotton Checks, printed Calicoes, Chintzes, Ribbons, Lawns, Lawn Handkerchiefs and Aprons, Sattins and Moares, cotton and silk Handkerchiefs, sewing Silks and Twist, fine and coarse Hats, Mor- reens, Durants, Tamias, Callimancoes and Cam- bics, Table Cloths and Diapers, Writing Papers, and an assortment of HARD WARE, &c. which he will sell on reasonable terms, for Cash, Country Produce, or public Securities. Also, six pair of ele- gant brass mounted Fire Dogs, and a few barzel pickled Mackerel and Cod-Fish, in excellent order. Apply as above. N.B. Purchasers of unappropriated and confiscated lands, can be supplied with certificates on the most reasonable terms.

WE may take it for granted, I presume, that the public are, at this time, fully possessed of every objection which the opponents to the new Constitution are capable of urging. The far greater part of these objections have been dictated by interest, passion and prejudice. However a few individuals may feel themselves affected by the adoption of this Constitution, to every unprejudiced mind, it must be apparent, that the investigation of its tendency and probable operation, merely as it may affect the liberties of the people, are reducible to a very few leading points.
1st. Whether there is a practicability of carrying into execution a Republican Government, comprehending so large an extent of territory.
2d. Whether the liberties of the people will be safe, under the Constitution proffered to us by the late Convention.
Let us see how the dissenting minority of the Convention of Pennsylvania have argued on the first head. They lay it down as the necessary consequences of the adoption of this Constitution:
1st. That the Legislative, Executive and Judicial powers of the several States, will be annihilated.
2d. That from their ruins will be produced one consolidated Government, which, from the nature of things, will be an iron handed despotism.
With respect to the first position, all our conclusions must be founded on arguments, drawn from the nature and affections of mankind. This foundation, it is true, will admit of no higher evidence than probability: But, in this business, probability will fall little short of certainty itself.
It will readily be admitted, I presume, by all parties, that both the Federal and State Constitutions, are the mere creatures of the PEOPLE. Not only their original establishments, but the exercise and administration of these institutions, are dependent for their support and existence on the breath of the people. And, whilst property shall continue divided amongst the bulk of the people, it will be utterly impossible to wrest from them this SUPREMACY. We may safely admit as a fundamental truth, that an enlightened people can never be enslaved, merely by the instrumentalities of the ordinary powers of a well constructed Government. To effect this purpose, the intervention of adventitious and extrinsic causes, are absolutely necessary.
From these premises, therefore, which reason and experience mutually concur to establish, I argue, that, from the affections and propensities of mankind, it is highly improbable that the people should acquiesce in, consent to, or permit the annihilation of the State Governments.
We are well assured that it is the principle of attraction which supports the universe. The moral world, as well as the physical, are equally subject to its laws. The operation of this principle has been discovered to be proportionate to the distances of bodies from each other. Thus, amongst mankind, its force is continually decreasing, as we recede from the centre. To make use of Cato's own words, "The strongest principle of union, resides within our own domestic walls. The ties of a parent exceed that of any other; as we depart from home, the next general principle of union is amongst citizens of the same State, where acquaintance, habits, and fortunes, nourish affection and attachment; enlarge the circle still further, and, as citizens of different States, though we acknowledge the same national denomination, we lose the ties of acquaintance, habits and fortunes, and thus, by degrees, we lessen in our attachments, till, at length, we no more than acknowledge a sameness of species." It is then sufficiently evident, that the attachment of the people to the Governments of their own States, individually, will be much stronger than to the Federal Government. And it follows, obviously, that to compass the annihilation of the State Governments, the Federal Head must be able to command, and support a force, equal to the united strength of the yeomanry of these States. I leave it to any man, whom party prejudices have not totally bereft of his senses, to calculate the chance against such an event ever happening.
The next consequence that will attend the adoption of this Constitution is, that from the ruins of the State Governments, will be produced one consolidated Government, which, from the nature of things, will be an iron handed despotism.
Having already proved, as I flatter myself, in the clearest manner the nature of the subject will admit of, that the premises of the above proposition are improbable to a degree amounting nearly to certainty; agreeably, therefore, to the strict rules of logic, I might content myself with denying the consequences deducible therefrom. But let us for a moment indulge the gentlemen in their apprehensions of ANNI-
HILATION, which, as it respects their own political consequence, may be real enough; but which, as it respects the State Governments, is altogether affection.
This consolidated Government will be an iron handed despotism. But how do they prove this? Montesquieu, somewhere in his spirit of laws, tells us, that "it is natural for a republic to have only a small territory." This is the sole proof or argument which the gentlemen have adduced in support of their general position from whence this iron handed despotism is inferred, viz. "that a very extensive territory cannot be governed on the principles of freedom, otherwise than by a confederation of republics."
But if the ipse dixit of Montesquieu is to be admitted as conclusive evidence on this point, his assertions on other points ought equally to govern our determinations. But will the gentlemen assent to the truth of the following positions? "Democratic and Aristocratic States are not in their own nature free." "The English is the best species of Constitution that could possibly be imagined by man." If they will not, they surely must allow us, equally with themselves, the privilege of dissenting to any other position of this celebrated writer, more especially should we be able to prove that it is no wise applicable to the matter in hand.
As this iron handed despotism is an inference, grounded on the passage of Montesquieu, first above cited, and indeed, has no other support; we might very fairly leave the matter to rest here, until the gentlemen produced other proofs, or, at least, until they signified their willingness to assent to every proposition contained in that author's book.
But, however the fact may be, respecting the just limits of a Republic; whether, from the nature of this species of Government, it must necessarily be confined within narrow bounds; or whether, by some improvements in its Constitution, it may be rendered capable of embracing a wide extent of territory—this, (as I flatter myself, I have proved in a former number) is evident—that, what Montesquieu has advanced on this subject, cannot be applied to the Constitution now under discussion. By this Constitution, the sole power of enacting laws , is vested in a representative body: Agreeably to Montesquieu, "it is a fundamental law in democracies, that the people should have the sole power to enact laws ." Indeed, it is impossible to say to what extent of territory a Government, upon a Republican plan, may be carried, by means of this expedient of a Representative Legislature.
The gentlemen talk of "uniform experience," and "the opinion of the most celebrated writers on Government." This experience, and this opinion may be conclusive, for aught I know, against every Republican Government that has ever yet existed; if we except the Government of Great Britain, and those of the United States of America. But the fact is, that by an improvement in their construction, unknown before in Republican Governments, these have actually been rendered capable of comprehending a very extensive territory. When these gentlemen, therefore, shall have ascertained the precise distance, from whence it may be possible to send representatives to the seat of Government, they will then be able to describe the exact bounds of the territory, over which this species of Government is capable of being extended.
Tho' what is here advanced may, with truth, be deemed immaterial, as the probability of the State Governments ever being annihilated and absorbed by the general Government is so very small, yet I conceived it not amiss, to indulge the gentlemen with this concession, merely to shew them, that they may be confuted even on their own ground.
The next consideration is, whether the liberties of the people will be safe under the Constitution proffered to us by the late Convention.
To determine this very important question, I contend it is by no means necessary to go into a minute investigation of every part. It is amply sufficient for this purpose, if a few leading principles have been carefully attended to. Does a representation of the people proportionate to numbers, and whose election revolves statedly at short periods, form one independent branch of the Legislature? Is this representative body inhibited from interfering in the business of the Executive and Judicial departments? And lastly, are these departments provided with the means of defending themselves against such an interference? If these few cardinal points have been attended to and established, I say, so far as concerns the liberties of the people, every other provision to be found in this Constitution is of little importance. Establish these fundamentals, and we may safely give to Cato and Brutus, to the Centinel and the dissenting minority of the Convention of Pennsylvania, a chart blanche to fill up as they please. I will boldly venture to affirm, that though they might form a very
turbulent and uneasy Government, it would be past their skill to fabricate one, which could wrest from the people of these States their liberties. An attentive review of the Government of Great-Britain, and the experience we have already had of our institutions, leave us no room to doubt the truth of this assertion. REPRESENTATION is the grand secret in the formation of republican Government. Provided that this right is secured and perpetuated—that its sources remain pure and uncontaminated—that Legislation constitutes its only business—and that elections are frequent and periodical, we need not be very solicitous on the score of liberty, with respect to the other constituent parts of Government. Experience has evinced beyond the possibility of doubt, between the Constitution of Pennsylvania, for instance, and that of Great Britain—the nearest approaches, perhaps, to pure democracy, on the one hand, and to absolute monarchy on the other, which this species of Government is capable of—I say, that between these extremes, a thousand combinations of the powers of Government may be formed, and the liberties of the people still remain inviolate. That some of these possible combinations are calculated to carry Government to a much higher degree of perfection than others, will readily be admitted. But, provided what may be deemed essential to the security of liberty has been duly attended to, it certainly argues great arrogance and want of becoming deference to the opinions of others to quarrel with and reject a plan of Government, because, forsooth, it may not square exactly with our ideas of perfection.
It was not till the Revolution in England that any tolerable ideas of good Government were formed. Plato, Sir Thomas More and Harrington, before this period had amused themselves with forming visionary schemes of perfect Governments, but, for want of experimental knowledge, their plans are no better than romances, the extravagant fallies of an exuberant imagination. But it is principally from our own experience that we can derive just notions of the true foundations on which the liberties of the people rest. And can these gentlemen then, with any color of reason, flatter themselves that they can reach to the summit of perfection by an ascent so sudden and abrupt? No, my fellow-countrymen! Let us be thankful to an all-ruling Providence, which has enabled us to discover the clue by which we may finally extricate ourselves from that labyrinth of profound darkness and perplexity in which mankind have hitherto wandered, with only now and then a glimmering of light. Let us endeavor to make the best use we can of those important discoveries in the science of Government, which the revolution in England, and the late revolution amongst ourselves have opened to our view. Let us be content to leave to posterity, the glory and happiness of perfecting that plan of Government, which the united wisdom of those worthy patriots, who formed the late Convention, has proffered to us.
AMERICANUS.
LIST OF LETTERS remaining in the POST-OFFICE, NEW-YORK, January 1788.
A. David Alstone, Isaac All, William Adams.
B. Gerard Barker, Jonathan Burrall, Bal. John Burchan, Samuel Bolton, Ezekiel Bishop, George Bowman, Daniel Barney, George Bennet, John Blanchard, Robert Bell, Peter Buyck, John Barret, Joseph Bryn, P. Bourdieu, William Bunting, Benjamin Blackly, Rachel Bradford, John Barry, Martin Burge, Michael Boyer, Charles Bresel, Anne Berwick, Mrs. Bivin, James Bruffer, George Berkenbine, John Bingham, Benjamin Brooks, C. Barnes, Reuben Booth, Jacob H. Butman, P. Brimmer, Stephen Baldwyn, James Burnside.
C. Samuel Cornick, Charles Colyer, Benjamin Clark, John Cock, John Carpenter, Ralph Carr and Co. John Cuyler, jun. John Cook, John Cannon and Co. Hannah Connor, Joseph Corre, David Clarkson, Alexander Crawford, Thomas Castle, J. Coulon, Samuel Chollet, Mary Carvy, Clements, Nicholas Connery, William Cannon, Stephen Cuyler.
D. Charles Darragh, Paul Dayrel, Sarah Dunkel, Mary Dow, Dr. Draper, Jas. Davis, Benjamin Davenport, Charles Dougherty, John Dunbar, Mrs. Davies, John Dickinson, Timothy Downing, Allen Donald, Jeremiah Dollaway, James Duke.
E. J. G. Edgar, S. Eckley, Adam Easton, Ralph Earle, Thomas Eckley, jun.
F. James Flatt, Thomas Fairchild, John French, Luke Flynn, Daniel Feanin, Gilbert Fowler, John J. Faesch, Jeremiah Fowler, jun.
G. Rev. John Gano, Stephen Gregory, John L. Goe, Jacob Gardner, John Green, Robert Giffords, James Grier, Mrs. Green, Benjamin Guliagher, Capt. Goowill, Mrs. Goodeve, Alexander Grieg, Conrad Gilbert, Griffen Green, George Green, J. and M. Greenwood, Moses Gale, James Graham, Lewis Gomez, R. B. Gillenet, Lawrence Gairy, Mr. Hodge, Eleanor Holland,
Nathaniel Harolt, Vincent Hyer, Samuel Harding, John Harvey, Robert Hatton, Thomas Hewlett, Casper Hart, John Hay, J. Hirne, William Heyer, jun.
J. Elisha Jacobs, Asah Jackson, Ezzeny Johnson, Paul Jones, Isaac Johnson, Widow Jameson, William Johnston, Samuel Israel.
K. Frederic Kohne, J. J. Ketchum. L. William Leonard, John Lues, Matthew Linklater, William Long, James Lynn, Blender Leuerson, Henry Lalor.
M. Joshua Merseveau, Daniel McLeod, Thomas Mackenels, Deborah Mott, Adam Mott, Benjamin Moore, Judith Morall, William M'Derinet, John Moore, E. Morin, Jacob Morris, Isaac Muall, Charlotte Mackeone, Jacob Mordecai, Daniel Martin, John M'Carthy, Maria Marius, John M'Gee, Alexander M'Cornick, Molly Marsh, Robert Montgomery, Dr. M. B. Miller, Anthony Morse, John Moylan, Joseph Maud, John Moore, Anguish Munro, Donnel M'Karty, John M'Kenzie, John Ma-faula.
N. Andrew Norwood, B. North, Dr. Nicolls, James Nelson, Isaac Norton, Caleb Newton, Augustus Nicols.
O. John Omand, John Ormeston. P. Daniel Parker, William Parker, Jos. Parker, Mr. Paumon, John Palmer, Hial Pamfley, Martin Potter, President of the Society for promoting useful Knowledge, Moses Plant, Benjamin Palmer.
R. John Roberts, Jane Ross, Matthew Rowan, Ram Rapelye, P. De Runy, David Riley, Charles Roberts, Sarah Reid, Anthony Ruklefs, Mrs. Rose, James R. Ried, Thomas Randall, Dr. N. Romayne.
S. William Sumpson, Selby, Dr. J. Sites, John Shute, John Shuter, Jacob Sharp, jun. Andrew Smille, Isaac Smith, Hannah Smith, Joseph Shurcliff, jun. Caleb Spruce, William Spark, James Shuter and C. Edward Small, Nancy Smith, Thomas Smith, Robert Sloan, Peleg Smith, Daniel Sullivan, William Shippin, Sarly, James Simpson, James Smith, Peter Sparling, James Spence, Peter C. Smith, J. M. Smith, Andrew Slover, John Stevens, jun. William Spark, Smith and Searle.
T. Nathaniel Topping, Talbott, Joshua Tufts, Solomon Taylor, B. J. Thebaud, Thomas, S. Townshend, John Tunnell, David Titus, John Turner, B. Tardiveau, John Turner, jun. John Thuf-ton.
V. Peter Vanallen, Peter Van Schaack, John Vanderbilt, Beekman Van Beurton, William Van Ingen, Isaac Van Vlack, Jas. Vandyc.
W. Kitty Williams, Stephen Weeks, John Walker, William Whittle, D. Walker, Archibald White, Capt. Woodrow, Henry Whinfield, Henry Wynkoop, Robert Watch, Dudley Walsh, Daniel Ward, Edward Williams, James Watson, Richard Welsh, William Wainwright.
WILLIAM BEDLOW, Postmaster.
TO BE SOLD, VALUABLE PLANTATION, situated on Penn's Neck, witt in 4 miles of Princeton; containing 300 acres, with a sufficient quantity of meadow, lying on Mill-stone Creek; about 50 acres is excellent good timber lands; the remainder as good land for all kinds of grain as any about Princeton; all in good fence. There are on the premises a very good large Dwelling-House, a large Barn, all covered with cedar; a Wagon-House, with out-houses, all in good order; a large orchard that will produce 100 bbls. of cyder a year, with other fruit trees; a very fine well of water at the door. The situation is high, and has a fine prospect of Princeton College. This farm is rendered more delightful and convenient by the contiguous situation of a large branch of Mill-River.
Also, A Lot of excellent Wood Land, near the same, containing 58 acres; it lies convenient to divide into two farms, and will be sold separate, or the whole together, as may best suit the purchaser.
Also, The Stone Tavern and Lot of Land in Princeton, known by the sign of the thirteen stars, whereon is a large new Stable, Sheds, &c. all in good order, with a fine well of water at the kitchen door; the house is well known to be very convenient, as it has been kept as a tavern for many years.
Also, A Lot of Land of 12 acres, near this town, which may all be made into meadow.
A good and indisputable title will be given for any of the above premises. For terms apply to the subscriber, at the sign of the College in Princeton. JACOB G. BERGEN. Princeton, Dec. 5, 1787. 5w.1.
To be Sold at private Sale, (And immediate possession given to the purchaser.)
SIX LOTS OF GROUND, each of 25 feet front and 100 feet deep, in the our ward of the city of New-York, contiguous to the East river, viz. Three LOTS on the fourth side of Lombard-street, on which is a good Dwelling House, containing six rooms and a kitchen; likewise a workshop and stable, a pump with good water, and a cistern near the door; and three Lots on the north side of Cherry-street.
Likewise adjoining the above-mentioned six Lots, is a good wharf, and a slip in it, for the convenience of hauling up timber; which wharf has been long made use of as a ship-yard, and is probably, from its situation and depth of water, as well adapted for the ship building business, as any on the river; and from its local advantages, must be a very improving interest to the purchaser. It is not sold by the 1st of March next, it will then be to let. For terms apply to JOHN ARTHUR, No. 160, Queen-street. Nov. 26, 1787. 2aw. 2mo.

New-York, Jan. 12.
The sloop Olive Branch, Walton, is arrived from Baltimore.
The brig Hector, Captain Lewis, lately arrived at Salem, in 42 days from Gottemburg.
While the brig lay at Marstrand, (where she discharged her cargo) a Swedish ship was wrecked on a very rough and rocky part of the island, in a violent storm: The crew with assistance from the land, soon got safely ashore, except the Mate, who went overboard with the foremast, to the top of which he had retreated for safety; the mast remained attached to the wreck by the shrouds, and the man continued his hold on the mast, the waves continually breaking over him. The sea was in such violent agitation, and the shore so rugged, that an attempt to recover him was extremely hazardous. About 20 sail of Swedes were then in the harbor, whose boats were many of them employed to succor the distressed object—but returned without effecting it, intimidated by the danger. At length, application was made to Captain Lewis's crew, for their assistance, with the offer of a considerable pecuniary reward, if they would make the attempt, even should it fail of success; but they nobly refused going on a mercenary principle; however, from pure motives of humanity the Mate and six hands went off in a boat, at the utmost hazard of their lives, and under the discouraging representations of those Swedes who had before failed—surmounted every danger, and brought the sufferer, with just the remains of life, ashore, after hanging, as it were by a straw, several hours, in the water. The offer of money was now repeated to them, and again refused. The Governor of the place, being made acquainted with the transaction, sent for these brave Americans to his house; and, taking each of them by the hand, made the most honorable acknowledgments for their successful exertions to rescue from destruction a subject of Sweden, but a stranger to them; and presented the Mate with a golden spoon, and each of the others with a silver spoon, as testimonies of their heroism and humanity; and also granted them the liberty of walking in any part of the city, at any time of day or night—a privilege, in which even their own subjects are not indulged. In short, so much was this act admired, that it gained them every mark of respect from the citizens; and the name of an American became synonymous with those of a Hero and Friend.
From the Carlisle Gazette.
C A R L I S L E, Jan. 2.
As the riot on Wednesday last, and the burning of the effigies of two of the most distinguished characters in the State, in the public streets of Carlisle, by a mob on Thursday, has already made a considerable noise in the country, an impartial Spectator, desirous of furnishing the public with a just and true state of facts, to enable them to form a proper judgment of the conduct of the parties concerned—begs leave to lay before them the following representation, for the truth of which he pledges himself, and which will appear by the depositions of a cloud of reputable and respectable witnesses, in the possession of John Agnew, Esq.
About five o'clock on Wednesday afternoon, public notice being given by ringing the bell and beating the drum, a number of persons met at the public square, to testify their approbation of the proceedings of the late Convention, in the most decent and orderly manner. A piece of artillery having been brought to the ground, and materials collected for a bonfire, a number of men armed with bludgeons, came in regular order from one quarter of the town, while others sallied forth from different streets armed in the same manner. Major James A. Wilson (having been appointed with two other gentlemen, to make the necessary arrangement for the occasion) was preparing to have the gun loaded, when he was ordered by many of the armed party to desist, and many threats thrown out against any person who would attempt to kindle the bonfire; to which the Major replied, that those who were not disposed to rejoice might withdraw; and that he hoped people so pregnant with poverty as they appeared to be, would not hinder their neighbors from showing marks of joy when they were pleased. Immediately after a number of barrels and staves were thrown at him, one of which struck him on the breast; he then sprung forward to the persons who threw at him, and struck one of them with a small pine stick, to which a piece of pitch rope was fixed; he was then beat down by a number of blows from six or seven persons with bludgeons, who continued beating him after he fell. They would have taken his life had not a trusty old soldier thrown himself on the Major, and received the blows aimed at him; a general confusion took place. Mr. Robert Miller,
jun. was attacked by a person, who with both hands wielded a massive bludgeon, and while he was engaged with the first, received several blows from a person who stood behind him. The persons met for the purpose of the celebration, altogether unprepared for such an assault (being even without walking canes) were forced to return. The armed party having accomplished their premeditated designs of preventing the public rejoicing, proceeded to spike the cannon, and having made a large fire, committed to the flames the cannon and its carriage, together with a sledge on which it had been drawn to the ground. They then sent for an almanack containing the federal constitution, which was formally burnt. Loud huzzas were repeated, with damnation to the 46 members, and long live the virtuous 23.
On Thursday at 12 o'clock, I understood that the friends to Government intended to carry into execution the resolution of the celebration of the event from which, the evening before they had been so violently prevented. I went to the place, found them at the Court House armed chiefly with muskets and bayonets; they discovered every pacific disposition, but at the same time the most determined resolution to repel, at the risk of their lives, any attack which might be made on them. A bonfire was made, and the ratification of the Constitution by this State was read, accompanied by the acclamations of all the people present, repeated volleys of musketry and firing of cannon.
I cannot help giving my praise to the good order and coolness and determined spirit with which the business was conducted, although the mob made their appearance in several places, armed with guns and bludgeons, and even came close to where the federalists were firing the cannon, and used threatening language, which was treated with every possible contempt, and no violence offered to them. The Federalists remained two hours on the ground, testified their joy, with every appearance of harmony and good humor, and returned without any disturbance to their homes. Immediately after a drum beat—the mob gathered—collected barrels, and proceeded to the Court-House with noise and tumult, when there was brought from an adjacent lot two effigies with labels on their breasts, THOMAS M'KEAN, Chief Justice, and JAMES WILSON, the Caledonian. They formed in order, had the effigies carried in front, preceded only by a noted Captain of militia, who declared he was inspired from Heaven, paraded the streets, and with shouts and most dreadful execrations committed them to the flames.—It is remarkable that some of the most active people in the riot of Wednesday evening, and the mob of Thursday, have come to this country within these two years—men perfectly unknown, and whose characters were too obscure to attract the notice of the inhabitants of this place, and others who but lately have stripped off the garb of British soldiers. I think it improper to prejudice the public by naming the persons concerned in these atrocious riots, as prosecutions are about to be commenced in the name of the State against them. Every lover of good order must lament the wound the dignity of the state has received in burning in the public street, in one of the largest towns, in open day, the effigy of the first magistrate of the Commonwealth. Proceedings of this kind are really alarming, directly tend to the dissolution of all governments, and must receive the reprobation of every honest citizen.
I was invited, being an old man, to spend the evening with federalists, at Mr. Joseph Pottlethwaite's tavern, where an elegant supper had been prepared—a number of the respectable inhabitants of Carlisle convened there and spent the evening with the most perfect harmony, good humor and conviviality. After supper the following toasts were drank.
 1. The Federal Constitution.  2. General Washington, and the Federal Constitution.  3. The States who acceded to the Federal Constitution.  4. A speedy accession and ratification of the Constitution by all the States.  5. The patriotic forty-five.  6. The President of the State.  7. The chief justice of Pennsylvania, and Member of the late Convention.  8. The honorable James Wilson, Esq. of Philadelphia.  9. Major James Armstrong Wilson.  10. An encrease of the agriculture, manufactures and commerce of America.  11. May the flag of the United States fly triumphant in all the ports of the world.  12. Our friends in Europe. 
MARINE SOCIETY.
* * On Monday the 14th instant, at 6 o'clock in the evening at the Coffee-House, will be held the annual Meeting of the MARINE SOCIETY, of which the members are requested to take notice and attend.
By order of the President, ANTHONY GRIFFITHS, Sec'y. New-York, Jan. 9, 1788.
For SALE by AUCTION, By Viner Van Zandt,
At the Coffee-House,
On Tuesday the 15th day of January, 1788, THAT very capital modern built DWELLING HOUSE three stories high, situated in Princess-street, late in the possession of Dominic Lynch, Esq; and now occupied by Mr. Simeon Nathan, containing nine fire places, and a spacious hall there is on the same, a spacious store house two stories, coach house and stables for four horses, &c. a well of excellent water and pump. Also, a cistern, together with a large plot of ground now laid out as a garden, with an elegant summer house in the rear.
The situation is undeniably a good one the premises in good repair; were erected on a judicious plan, well calculated for the ease and comfort of the inhabitants; and when it is recollected that the House and designed as the residence of the builder, it may be fairly presumed that it is substantially and well built; the Compting House and rooms are fitted with peculiar neatness; and on the whole, few houses are better adapted for a town residence. The premises may be viewed preceding the day of sale, with the leave of the tenant; a plan of the ground may be seen, and further particulars known of VINER VAN ZANDT, No. 202, Water-street.
AT PRIVATE SALE,
By Frederick Jay,
6 Chefs choice Souchong Tea, Raisins in jars. A few boxes Bohea Tea, Irish Linens, low priced.
GENTEEL ROOMS
To be had, furnished or unfurnished, in a pleasant part of the city, with or without board; also a good front Room for a store or an office. Enquire of the Printer. Jan. 11
BOURBON COFFEE,
MUCH esteemed in Europe for its superior flavor, in firkins of 100 lb. each to be sold by LUDLOW and GOOLD. 22 wtf.
FOR SALE,
165 Barrels Philadelphia
Superfine FLOUR, By JAMES RENWICK, No. 92, William-street.
Jan. 9. 8t.
Coffee for Sale.
A few casks of excellent Coffee, just arrived from Jamaica, and to be sold cheap for cash, or at a short credit, by RICHARD YATES, No. 18, Princess-street. Jan. 7.
WANTED,
Smith's History of New-York.
ANY person willing to sell a copy, will please to enquire of the Printer. Jan. 9.
AT PRIVATE SALE,
A choice parcel well assorted Indigo, low priced Irish Linens, Blue Broad-Cloths, Ticklenburghs, Osnaburghs, Russia Duck, Green Tea, Sherry and Fayal Wines, Castile Soap, Toys in Chests, Painters Brushes, Writing Paper assorted, 20 Barrels choice Beef, ISAAC MOSES.
FOR SALE BY James Watson & Co.
No. 6, Crane-Wharf,
SUPERFINE BARS FLOUR, COMMON do. RYE MEAL, do. INDIAN do. RICE in tiers, BEEF in barrels, FALL MACKAREL in do. CANDLES in boxes, SPERMACETI do. in do. A quantity of INDIGO, FLAXSEED, &c. Jan. 11. tf.
Just Published
By M. CAREY, in Philadelphia,
And now to be Sold
By THOMAS ALLEN, Book-Seller, in Queen-street, New-York, (By whom Subscriptions are received) The AMERICAN MUSEUM, For DECEMBER, 1787.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN.
WHEREAS on the thirty-first day of May, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-four, we the subscribers gave Stephen Baxter, of the township of Greenwich, county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, an obligation for four hundred pounds, lawful money of the State of New-York, conditioned for the payment of two hundred pounds, payable on the first day of July next after date: And whereas there is like to arise a dispute about the payment of said bond, we do therefore forbid any person or persons buying said bond, or taking it in any payment, as we are determined not to settle the same with any other person but said Baxter. HENRY CLAPP, BENJAMIN CLAPP. North-Castle, Jan. 1, 1788. raw.2w.f.
SALES by AUCTION,
On TUESDAY, the 15th instant, XII o'clock, on the Premises, will be sold,
All that LOT OF GROUND, situate, lying and being in Broadway, in the West ward of the city of New-York, being part of the lands commonly called and known by the name of the Church Farm, and distinguished in a map or chart thereof, by No. 146, and bounded Easterly in front by the Broad-way, Southerly by Barclay-street, Westerly in the rear by part of the lot No. 176, and Northerly by lot 147; containing in length on the South side 115 feet nine inches, on the North side 117 feet three inches, and in breadth in front and rear 29 feet.
ALSO,
All that certain lot of ground, situate, lying and being in Barclay-street, in the West ward of the city of New-York, being part of lands commonly called and known by the name of the Church Farm, and distinguished in a map or chart thereof, by No. 176, bounded Southerly in front by Barclay-street, Easterly by the rears of lots No. 146, No. 147, and No. 148, Northerly in the rear by lot No. 153, and Westerly by lot No. 175; containing in length on each side 73 feet, and in breadth in front and rear 29 feet; the conditions will be made known at the time of sale. ROBERT HUNTER.
TO BE LET,
THE HOUSE, No. 6, in Wall-street, corner of Smith-street, in which the Minister of the United Netherlands, P. J. VAN BERCKEL, now lives. The house has twelve rooms, all well sized, beside a house-keeper's room and servants' apartments in the rear, pump and cistern, with every other convenience necessary for a large family: the stable belonging to it is in Smith-street, opposite the rear of the House, the whole in good repair. For terms, apply to John Marston, by letter, left at Mrs. Ogilvie's, in King-street, corner of Smith-street. Jan. 12. tf.
TO BE SOLD,
THE Convenient DWELLING-HOUSE, No. 3, Partition-street. Enquire of JACOB MORTON, Esq. Attorney at Law, No. 58, Broadway. Jan. 4. tf.
NOTICE is hereby given to all the Creditors of John Pudney, an Insolvent Debtor, that they shew cause, before John Wiley, Esq. Alderman, at his office in Nassau-street, on Monday the 14th instant, at 10 o'clock, in the morning, why an assignment of the estate of the said John Pudney, should not be made, and he discharged, pursuant to an act of the Legislature of this State, entitled, "An act for the relief of Insolvent Debtors," passed the 13th day of April, 1786. Dated New-York, January 12, 1788. JAMES PUDNEY.
THIS DAY, is PUBLISHED in this City, The American Magazine, A MONTHLY Publication. CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION. Gen. Lincoln's letter on the ingrafting of trees; Anecdote of the Duke of Gordon. Advice to matrons, and to husbands that have scolding wives, and wives that have peevish husbands. Principles of government and commerce. On bills of rights. Letter to Dr. Stiles, accounting for the fortification west of the Allegany. Abridgement of Smith's history of Virginia. On education. Letter from Jemima Loveleap. Floretta, or the fountains. Life of Sir Wm. Jones, Kt. Tits Blunt, on fashion. Anecdote of a sailor. Letter from Philander, on marriage. Dr. Dwight's valedictory address, &c. Mr. Pope's letter to the Bishop of Rochester. Letter from Guy Grumbletone. Curiosities. London review of Dr. Adams's defence. POETRY. Verses on the New Year. Lydia. The Virgin's first love. The seasons moralized. On a lady's striking ash with her fan. The rare adventures of Tom Brainless; shewing what his father said of him; how he went to college, and what he learned there; how he took his degrees and went to keeping school; how afterwards he became a great man and wore a wig, and how any body else may do the same. Innocence to the Nightingale. Foreign intelligence. American intelligence. Marriages and deaths. Subscriptions 20s. a year, 10s. for six months advanced.
Subscriptions are taken by Mr. LOUDON, Messrs. BERRY and ROGERS, Mr. R. HODGE, Mr. S. CAMPBELL, and Mr. T. ALLEN, Booksellers. New-York, January 1, 1788.
CERTIFICATES.
THE HIGHEST PRICE is given for CONTINENTAL and STATE CERTIFICATES of every kind, at No. 198, Queen-street, by JOHN BLECKER. July 13. tf.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY, 8000 Dollars in Final Settlements, FOR which a generous price will be given, by JOHN BLECKER, No. 198, Queen-street.
Loft, on Thursday the 10th inst. BETWEEN Maiden-lane and King-street, a small green Morocco POCKET BOOK, containing Thirty shillings in paper currency, and a number of papers of no consequence to any person but the owner. Whoever has found the same, and will return it to the Printer, shall be rewarded five dollars. Jan. 11. tf.

For SAVANNAH. The Sloop Friendship , JOSEPH BURNHAM, Master. A REPAIR, with excellent accom- modation for Passengers, will take Freight and sail in ten days. For Freight or Passage apply to the Master on board, or to JAMES WATSON, No. 6, Crane Wharf. Jan. 3. 1787.
For TRINIDAD, The Sloop M E R C Y, Oswald P. Harris, Master. SHE has a considerable part of her cargo engaged. For Freight or Passage apply to the Master on board, at Clark's wharf. Jan. 4. tf.
For St. Martin's and St. Eustatia. The Sloop R A M B L E R, Tredwell Jackson, Master. Will sail the 15th inst. For freight or passage ap- ply to the master on board, at Stevens and Connolly's lumber-yard, or at No. 78, Wa- ter-street. tf Jan. 1, 1788.
For KINGSTON, Jamaica, To stop at PORT MORANT. The BRIG H E C T O R, JOHN TUCKER, Master. WILL be ready to take in the last of this month, and sail with all convenient speed. For Freight or Passage apply to D. TUCKER, & Co. No. 202, Water-street. Dec. 28. tf.
For LONDON. The Ship Montgomery , James Bunyan, Master. Has good accommodation for passengers, and will sail with all convenient speed. For freight or passage apply to the Master on board, at Hallett's wharf, or to William Seton and Co. No. 12, Hanover- square. tf Nov. 27.
For SALE, The Hull of the new BRIG J O H N, BURTHEN about 130 tons, a strong vessel, well built of the best materials, and of an easy draught of water. Apply to NICHOLAS LOW, Esq. No. 276, Wa- ter-street, or to SHEDDEN, PATRICK, and Co. No. 206, Water-street. Dec. 13. tf.
For CHARLESTON, South-Carolina, The SHIP B E T S E Y, Solomon Saitus, commander. WILL sail by the 17th of January. For Freight or Passage, (having elegant accom- modations) apply to the commander on board, at Brownjohn's wharf, below the Coffee-House, or to GEO. DOUGLASS, No. 14, Fly-Market.
Who has for Sale, 100 tiers New Rice, 100 boxes Calfle Soap, 500 lb. Bees Wax, A quantity of superfine and common Flour in barrels and half barrels, A quantity of Ship Bread, 50 barrels Rye Meal, Cayenne and Jamaica Cotton, Hops in bags, Quebec patent Essence of Spruce, Bar Iron, 50 bbls. Middlings, 50 bbls. Ship Stuff, 20 bbls. Alewives, &c Dec. 24. tf
TO BE SOLD, A New Store-House on Lup- ton's wharf, 16 by 36 feet, three stories high. It is built on a leased lot, nine years of which are un- expired. The proprietor has the privilege of adding four feet front to the building, which, at a small expence, might be converted into a genteel and commodious dwelling-house. ALSO, TO BE SOLD, A NEGRO LAD, about 17 years of age. For further information enquire of FREDERICK GIRAUD, No. 1, corner of Anne-street. Dec. 28. St. end.
Just Published, And to be SOLD by SAMUEL CAMPBELL, (Price FIVE SHILLINGS) Sixteen SERMONS, on important subjects. By JAMES MUIR, A.M. Minister of the Presbyterian Church in Bermuda. THESE Sermons have been published under the inspection of the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, of Princeton; who warmly recommends them to the perusal of all serious christians. Like wise, (Price TWO SHILLINGS) Dr. Witherspoon's ADDRESS On the day of Commencement, to the Senior Class, who were to receive the Degree of Bachelor of Arts: Containing the best system of Directions to Young Men, for the Government of their Lives, perhaps ever published in the English language. 59.
THIS DAY is Published & to be Sold,  The Universalist, IN SEVEN LETTERS to AMYNTOR. By WM. PITT SMITH. The Subscribers will be supplied with their Copies only by the Printer hereof. The book will likewise be sold at the Stores of Messrs. London, Hodge, Allen and Campbell.
Dr. RYAN's incomparable Worm-destroying  SUGAR PLUMBS, Highly necessary to be kept in all Families, SO exceedingly valued by all people who have had of them in Great-Britain and Ireland, for their transcendant excellency in the destroying Worms of all kinds, both in the bodies of men, women, and children, by not only breaking the knots in the du- odenum, or gut next the stomach, but they pass through the smallest passages of the body, and purge away thoseropy and slimy humours which are the cause of those pernicious vermin, and the source of many other disorders. They are one of the best purges in the whole world for gross-bodied children that are apt to breed worms, and have large bellies; their operation is mild, safe, and pleasant; they wonderfully cleanse the bowels of all stuff and clam- my humours which stop up the pats, and prevent the juice of food from being conveyed to the liver and made blood, which is often the case with children, and is attended with a hard belly, stinking breath, frequent fevers, rickets, and a decay of strength, in the lower parts; likewise settled aches and pains in the head, swellings, old sores, scabs, tetter, or breaking out, will be perfectly cured, and the blood and skin restored to its original purity and smooth- ness; they purge by urine, and bring away the gra- vel, and effectually cure all obstructions of the urine, or ulcers in the kidneys. They at once strike at the true cause of the scurvy, and entirely destroy it, and all scorbutic humours and effects, root and branch, so as never to return again; and what makes them more commendable is, they are full as agreeable to both taste and sight, as loaf sugar; and in their operation, as innocent as new milk.
I have by these plumbs cured a great many chil- dren of a whooping-cough, and agues, which distempers are very common and troublesome to fam- ilies, and the want of these plumbs are the ruin of many children's constitutions.
These plumbs enrich and sweeten the whole mass of blood, carry off all gross, corrupt, and putrid hu- mours, and create a fresh and healthy complexion in such as are affected in any putrid matter. The plumb is a great diuretick, cleansing the reins of slime; it expels wind, and is a sovereign medi- cine in the cholick and griping of the guts; it allays and carries off four vapours, which occasion many disorders in the head; it opens all obstructions in the stomach, lungs, liver, reins, and bladder, cau- ses a good appetite, and helps digestion. It hath been found wonderfully successful to such persons as are going into chronicl distempers, as asthma, phthisicks, or shortness of breath, dropsies and yel- low jaundice. Now I hope all impartial persons are satisfied that the medicine which works upon such humours, will almost reach any distemper, if not too far gone, since corruption and putrefaction are the fore-runners of all diseases; therefore, no better physic can be taken for all ages, sexes, and consti- tutions, from infancy to an old age. These plumbs are highly serviceable to the female sex, from the age of 14 to 20, and from 40 to 50. Each box con- tains one dozen of these plumbs. Price Eight Shil- lings, with directions.
Sold by H. GAINE, at his Book-store and Printing-Office, in Hanover-Square, Diagnostick signs of Worms. PALENESS in the face, itching of the nose, hol- lowness of the eyes, grating of the teeth when asleep, dulness, pains and heaviness in the head, a dry cough, itching in the fundament, white and thick urine, unquiet sleep, often starting, loss appe- tite, swelled belly, knowing and biting about the stomach, frightful dreams, extreme thirst, the bo- dy decayed and lean, fits, often vomiting, flunking breath, &c.
Directions for taking them. A Child from 1 to 2 years may eat one plumb, from 2 to 4 one and a half, from 4 to 6 two, from 6 to 8 two and a half, from 8 to 12 three, from 12 to 15, and all above that age may eat four plumbs, one hour or two before up-rising, not to drink during that time, but afterwards drink warm tea, whey, or water-gruel; in taking, the patient must stay 2 or 3 days betwixt each dose. In agues, the same quantity must be taken, 2, 3, or 4 hours before the fit comes on, and be repeated three times. In whooping or chin-coughs, give the quantity above-mentioned. June 1. 3ay. tf.
TO BE SOLD, THE remainder of the lease yet to come and un- expired, of that valuable BREW-HOUSE, MALT- HOUSE, DWELLING-HOUSE, &c. lately in the possession of Samuel Arlee, on the Bank of Hudson River, in Greenwich-street, together with the ap- paratus necessary to carry on the Brewing business very extensively; or if the purchaser is inclined, the fee of these buildings, with 24 lots of GROUND on which they stand, will be sold, and the terms made easy. The advantageous situation in which these buildings stand, is too well known to need any encomium. For terms apply at No. 39, Hanover- square. Jan. 3. tf.
THOMAS BURLING, CABINET and CHAIR-MAKER, At the Sign of the Chair, near the Chapel, in Beck- man-street, formerly Chapel-street. ACKNOWLEDGES the many favors received from his friends and the public, and would wish to inform them that he has opened a Ware-Room of MAHOGANY and other FURNITURE, on a more ex- tensive plan than heretofore; and for the conveni- ence of strangers and others, who may resort to, or settle in this city, he means to keep an assortment where they may be supplied on the shortest notice; for it must hurt the feelings of every citizen to ob- serve the daily impositions strangers are liable to, in purchasing new furniture at these public vendues. He served his time with Samuel Prince, a conspi- cuous character in his way, and esteemed one of the best workmen in this city; and as he has laid in a stock of the best Mahogany and other Wood, and means to employ the best hands, and sell his work at the lowest rate good work falls at, he flatters himself with being able to give satisfaction to his customers. Bed Chairs for the sick having been much wanted in this city, said Burling has provided some to let. Nov. 20. tf.
* * A few MAPS of the WESTERN TERRITORY of the UNITED STATES, may be had of the Printer hereof.
Fifty Pounds Reward. A BURGLARY and ROBBERY. TO all honest and well disposed people: This is to give notice, that the subscriber being in pub- lic office, as collector of the township of Aughquack- nock, in the county of Essex, and State of New-Jer- sey;---his dwelling-house was beset and violently broke open on the night of the 30th of November, 1787, by a set of armed ruffians, who pathe subseri- ber and his family in great terror and danger of their lives; and after treating him with much insolence, robbed him of a large sum of money, in gold, sil- ver and paper currency, belonging to the public and the subscriber, as also one silver tea-pot marked PHB, one silver sugar-dish unmarked, one silver milk-pot unmarked, twelve silver table-spoons marked HP, four silver tea-spoons unmarked, one sil- ver watch, a small piece of the face broke out, with a silver chain and silver seal engraved with the let- ters R.M.W. one silver snuff-box marked on the fore part of it M.B. one pair silver knee-buckles, and one silver lock-buckle; as also four gold rings, and one gold locket, used for women's beads; together with sundry other articles belonging to the subscriber. It is earnestly hoped, that all honest and well dispo- sed people will use their best endeavors to apprehend the said robbers, so that they may be brought to jus- tice: And the subscriber hereby engages to pay the above reward to any person or persons, who will ap- prehend all or either of the said robbers, so that they be convicted of the said robbery, and he recover his lost property, or twenty-five pounds for the said rob- bers, or either of them, on conviction, together with all reasonable charges attending the appre- hending and bringing to justice, all or either of the said ruffians. HESSEL PETERSE. Wetzell, Essex County, Dec. 4, 1787. tf.
THE Public are informed, that the sub- scriber has removed his OFFICE to No. 66, WALL-STREET, his former place of residence. 24th Dec. 1787. W. COCK.
To the People of America. AMONGST the numerous publications that have issued from the press, on the subject of Federal Government, none have attracted the public at- tion more than that entitled the FEDERALIST, under the signature of PUBLIUS. The justness of the rea- soning, the force of the arguments and the beauty of the language which distinguish this performance, have justly recommended it to general applause. To attain a competent knowledge of the advan- tages to be derived from adopting the proposed FE- DERAL CONSTITUTION, is no doubt the sincere wish of every true friend to his country: This per- formence being entirely free from party spirit and personal invective, is therefore well calculated to accomplish so desirable an end. The avidity with which this writer's pieces have been sought after by politicians and persons of every description, and the particular attention the differ- ent printers throughout the United States have shewn them by regular insertions in their papers, are con- clusive proofs of the superior excellence of this e- legant political production. The manner in which the author treats and discusses the controverted parts of the Constitution, displays much information, patriotism and candor, and can hardly fail of meet- ing with a favorable reception from the opposers as well as the advocates of the new system of Govern- ment.
Under this persuasion, the publishers flatter them- selves with the countenance and support of the citi- zens of America, to a publication evidently written to promote their welfare, happiness and prosperity
In the Press, and speedily will be published,  The FEDERALIST; A collection of ESSAYS, written in favor of the NEW CONSTITUTION, By a CITIZEN of NEW-YORK: Corrected by the author, with additions and al- terations.
CONDITIONS. This work will be printed on a fine paper and good type, in one handsome volume duodecimo. The number of pages the volume will contain, cannot rightly be ascertained, as the author has not yet done publishing, but the printers engage to de- liver them to subscribers at the very reasonable rate of Five Shillings for 200 pages, Six Shillings if 250, and all above gratis. The numbers already publish- ed will make more than 200 pages, and the author does not seem to be nigh a close. To render this work more complete, will be added, without any additional expence, Philo-Publius, and the Artic' of the Con- vention. As agreed upon at Philadelphi'a, Sept. 17, 1787. * * A few copies will be printed on superfine royal writing paper, price Ten Shillings. * * No money required till delivery. Subscriptions are taken in by J. M'LEAN, and Co. No. 41, Hanover-square, by the Printer hereof, by the several Booksellers of the city, and by all o- thers entrusted with proposals. New-York, January 1, 1788.
To be Sold at Private Sale, THE Farm, Grist and Saw-Mills, whereon the Subscriber now lives, known by the name of Squires-Point, about 37 miles from New-Brunswick, 40 miles from Trenton, 14 from Easttown, in a fine wheat country. The Farm contains 164 acres of good land, on which there is a very genteel house, with four rooms on a floor, a large barn with several small dwelling-houses; the Grist-Mill has two run of stones, in excellent order, and the Saw-Mill almost new, on a never-failing stream of water; also a Negro Man, a compleat miller; likewise three Farms, containing 200 acres each, about two miles from the Mills. For further particulars, enquire of Mr. John Ramsay, Mr. Alexander Stewart, Mr. Hay Stevenston, in New-York, or to the owner on the pre- mises. JOHN RAPATJE. Squire's-Point, Sept. 24th, 1787. tf.
A GENTLEMAN LATELY arrived from Ireland, bred in Trinity College, Dublin, experienced some years in the education of youth, and in the course of his practice, has fitted many young gentlemen for that university, in the Greek, Latin and English Lan- guages, Logic, Rhetoric, Natural Philosophy, His- tory, Geography, &c. can bear the strictest scrutiny as to his character and his abilities in his pro- fession. Any gentleman who may favor him with his commands, by addressing a few lines to G. H. S. at the Printer's of the Daily Advertiser, or at Mr. M'Comick's, No. 11, Cruger's wharf, shall be particularly attended to. N. B. He will engage to fit any boy of ap- proved abilities for any college in less than four years, and can have many to certify he has already done it. Dec. 8, 1787.
JUST IMPORTED, In the Montgomery, Capt. Bunyan, from London, and other late vessels from Great-Britain, and to be SOLD on very reasonable terms, by  ROBERT HODGE, No. 237, the corner of King and Queen-streets, A large and choice
Collection of BOOKS; Among which are, ELEGANT folio family bibles, with near 200 cuts in each; Borkit on the new testamen- t, Brown's self-interpreting bible, 2 vols; Cruden's concordance, Warden's system of divinity, Whitby's commentary, Blair's, Carl's, Erskine's, Boston's, Willison's, Atterbury's, &c. Sermons; Nelson's festivals, Cullen's, Duncan's, and Hoffman's prac- tice of physic; Van Swieten's commentaries, 18 vols. Boerhaave's aphorisms, 6 vols. Smellie, and Hamilton's midwifery; Leake on the diseases of women, 2 vols. Quincey's medical lexicon, Four- croy's chemistry, &c. Ainsworth's, Young's, Cole's, and Entick's latin dictionaries; Davidson's Virgil and Horace; Duncan's Cicero, Kent's Lucian- Clark's Cæsar, Homer, Nepos, Euripides, Erasmus, and introduction; Simpson's fluxions, and Euclid; Hammond's algebra, Stone's Euclid; Love's survey- ing, Guthrie's and Salmon's geographical gram- mars; Johnson's, Sheridan's, Ashe's, Dycke's, Bailey's, Scott's, Perry's, and Entick's dictionaries; Bennet's christian oratory, Scott on elocution, e- legant extracts in verse, do. in prose, Lord Little- ton's letters, Klopstock's Messiah, Hutton's mensu- ration, Hawney's mensuration. Besides the above, a great variety, consisting of History, Divinity, Law, Philosophy, Mathematics, Biography, Geography, Poetry, Physic, Surgery, Agriculture, Nautical Books, Dictionaries, Archi- tecture, Novels, Miscellanies, Plays, &c. Also, an excellent Assortment of
STATIONARY, viz. Genuine Writing Paper, of different sizes and prices; Ledgers, Journals, Waite, Letter, and Blank Books of all sizes; Receipt Books, Bonner and Wrapping Paper, Sealing Wax, Wafers, Quills, Slates, lead and slate Pencils, Penknives, elegant shoe Buckles, Message Cards, &c. &c. * * * Commissions from the Country thankfully received, and carefully executed. Nov. 24. tf.
An ACADEMY IS opened in Upper Salem, in the county of West- chester, and state of New-York, under the im- mediate inspection of Mr. Amzi Lewis, in a con- venient building prepared for that purpose, where the learned Languages and all kinds of academical Literature will be accurately taught. The situation is pleasant and healthy. Decent lodgings for Students may be had in the neighbour- hood, on the most reasonable terms; and particu- lar care will be taken to furnish the School with every necessary accommodation. Those gentlemen who send their children to this Academy, may depend on their being treated with paternal tenderness, faithfully instructed in the va- rious branches of Science, and carefully inspected with regard to their moral deportment. As an institution of this kind has been much needed in this part of the country; it is hoped our design will meet with early encouragement, from the friends of Literature. BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. Upper Salem, Dec. 8, 1787.
PORT WINE, Of a superior quality to any ever imported to this place, LANDING this Day at Cragar's wharf, out of the Brig St. Jesuide Villa Nova, from Oporto, for Sale by JOZE ROIZ SILVA. June 15th tf.
To the Curious. To be seen at Mr. Stevens's Livery Stables, Wall-street, near Pitt's Statue,  Two CAMELS, MALE and female; lately imported from Ara- bia. These stupendous animals are most deserving the attention of the curious, being the greatest natural curiosities ever exhibited to the pub- lic on this continent. They are 18 hands high, have necks three feet eight inches long, a large hump upon their back, and another under their breast, in the form of a pedestal, on which they sup- port themselves when lying down; they have four joints in their hind legs, and they travel twelve or fourteen days without drinking, and carry a bur- then of fifteen hundred weight; they are remarkably harmless and docile, and will lie down and rise at command. Price of admittance one shilling for gentlemen and ladies, and six-pence for children. Dec. 3. tf.
CASH, And the HIGHEST PRICES given, for all kinds of CONTINENTAL and STATE SECURITIES, PARTICULARLY Banker's, Barber's, Burrall's, Pierce's and Walker's NOTES and FACILI- TIES, at No. 40, Wall-street, four doors from the corner of Queen-street. Where are for sale, Excellent old MADEIRA WINE, in pipes or quar- ter-casks, BEEF, PORK, and BAR IRON. July 24,
JUST PUBLISHED, The Columbian Magazine, For NOVEMBER, 1787. To be SOLD by BERRY & ROGERS, S. LOUDON and B. HODGE. Dec. 28
CABLES of any length, and CORDAGE of all sizes, made of Peterburgh Hemp, first quality, To be had at the Subscriber's Rope-walk, or at his Store, between Fly-market Stairs and Burling- ton, on the very lowest terms. Cables spliced with the addition of any length required; Cables or Cordage of any size reduced into yarn, and made into Rope to any dimensions, at a very small expence, by HEZEKIAH IVERS, Rope-Maker. July 25th, 1787. tf.
LAST night about 9 o'clock the subscriber took up a STRAY HORSE, with saddle and bridle, and having no stable to put him in, fastened him to his door, where he broke his halter in the night and went off. The owner of said Horse may have the saddle and bridle, by proving his property and paying charges, by applying to EDWARD GRANT, No. 31, Dyes street, near Dyes wharf. Jan. 9,
Printed by FRANCIS CHILDS, No. 22, Hanover-Square.