National gazette. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1792-03-12 00:00:00

National Gazette.
By P. FRENEAU: Published MONDAYS and THURSDAYS, at THREE DOLLARS per annum.
VOL. I.
MONDAY, MARCH 12, 1792.
NUMB. 39.
Articles of AMENDMENT, to the Constitution of the United States, proposed by Congress to the Legislatures of the several states, pursuant to the Fifth Article of the Constitution, and which, when ratified by three fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution.
ARTICLE I.
AFTER the first enumeration required by the first article of the constitution, there shall be one Representative for every thirty thousand, until the number shall amount to one hundred, after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall be not less than one hundred Representatives nor less than one Representative for every forty thousand persons, until the number of Representatives shall amount to two hundred; after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress, that there shall not be less than two hundred Representatives, nor more than one Representative for every fifty thousand persons.
ARTICLE II.
No law varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.
ARTICLE III.
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.
ARTICLE IV.
A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.
ARTICLE V.
No soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner; nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
ARTICLE VI.
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated; and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
ARTICLE VII.
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless
By what States and when Ratified.
 N. Hampshire, Jan. 25, 1790  Vermont, Novem. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June 1790  N. York, March 27, 1790  N. Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylvania, Sep. 21, 1791  Maryland, Decem. 19, 1789  Virginia, November 3, 1791  N. Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S. Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
 Vermont, Novem. 3, 1791  Delaware, January 28, 1790  Maryland, Decem. 19, 1789  Virginia, Decem. 15, 1791  N. Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S. Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
 N. Hampshire, Jan. 25, 1790  Vermont, Novem. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June 1790  N. York, March 27, 1790  N. Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylvania, Mar. 10, 1790  Delaware, January 28, 1790  Maryland, Decem. 19, 1789  Virginia, Decem. 15, 1791  N. Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S. Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
 N. Hampshire, Jan. 25, 1790  Vermont, Novem. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June 1790  N. York, March 27, 1790  N. Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylvania, Mar. 10, 1790  Delaware, Jan. 28, 1790  Maryland, Decem. 19, 1789  Virginia, Decem. 15, 1791  N. Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S. Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
 N. Hampshire, Jan. 25, 1790  Vermont, Nov. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June 1790  N. York, March 27, 1790  N. Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylvania, Mar. 10, 1790  Delaware, Jan. 28, 1790  Maryland, Dec. 19, 1789  Virginia, Dec. 15, 1791  N. Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S. Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
 N. Hampshire, Jan. 25, 1790  Vermont, Nov. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June 1790  N. York, March 27, 1790  N. Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylvania, Mar. 10, 1790  Delaware, Jan. 28, 1790  Maryland, Dec. 19, 1789  Virginia, Dec. 15, 1791  N. Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S. Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation.
ARTICLE VIII.
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favour and to have the assistance of counsel for his defence.
ARTICLE IX.
In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved; and no fact, tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
ARTICLE X.
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
ARTICLE XI.
The enumeration in the constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
ARTICLE XII.
The powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively or to the people.
AMENDMENTS
 N. Hampshire, Jan. 25, 1790  Vermont, Nov. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June, 1790  N. York, March 27, 1790  N. Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylvania, Mar. 10, 1790  Delaware, Jan. 28, 1790  Maryland, Dec. 19, 1789  Virginia, Dec. 15, 1791  N. Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S. Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
 N Hampshire, Jan. 25, 1790  Vermont, Nov. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June, 1790  N York, March 27, 1790  N Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylvania, March 10 1790  Delaware, Jan. 28, 1790  Maryland, Dec. 19, 1789  Virginia, Dec. 15, 1791  N Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S Carolina, Jan. 19 1790 
 N Hampshire, Jan. 25 1790  Vermont Nov. 3 1791  Rhode-Island, June, 1790  N York, March 27, 1790  N Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylvania, Mar. 10, 1790  Delaware, Jan. 28, 1790  Maryland, Dec. 19, 1789  Virginia, Dec. 15, 1791  N Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
 N Hampshire, Jan. 25 1790  Vermont Nov. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June, 1790  N York, March 27, 1790  N Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylv. March 10, 1790  Delaware, Jan. 28, 1790  Maryland, Dec. 19, 1789  Virginia, Dec. 15, 1791  N Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
 N Hampshire, Jan. 25, 1790  Vermont Nov. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June, 1790  N York, March 27, 1790  N Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylv. March 10, 1790  Delaware, Jan. 28, 1790  Maryland, Dec. 19, 1789  Virginia, Dec. 15, 1791  N Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
 N Hampshire, Jan. 25, 1790  Vermont, Nov. 3, 1791  Rhode-Island, June, 1790  N York, March 27, 1790  N Jersey, August 3, 1790  Pennsylv. March 10, 1790  Delaware, Jan. 28, 1790  Maryland, Dec. 19, 1789  Virginia, Dec. 15, 1791  N Carolina, Dec. 22, 1789  S Carolina, Jan. 19, 1790 
RATIFIED.
   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12     N. Hampshire   Massachusetts   Vermont 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   Rhode-Island 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   Connecticut   New-York 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   New-Jersey 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   Pennsylvania 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   Delaware 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   Maryland 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   Virginia 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   N. Carolina 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   S. Carolina 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12   Georgia  
AUTHENTIC.
SECOND CONGRESS
OF THE UNITED STATES.
At the first Session, begun and held at the city of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania on Monday the twenty-fourth of October, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one.
An ACT relative to the Election of a PRESIDENT and VICE-PRESIDENT of the United States, and declaring the Officer who shall act as President in case of Vacancies in the Offices both of President and Vice-President.
BE it enacted by the SENATE and House of REPRESENTATIVES of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That except in case of an election of a President & Vice-President of the United States, prior to the ordinary period as hereinafter specified, electors shall be appointed in each state for the election of a President and Vice-President of the United States, within thirty four days preceding the first Wednesday in December, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-two, and within thirty four days preceding the first Wednesday in December in every fourth year succeeding the last election, which electors shall be equal to the number of Senators and Representatives, to which the several states may by law be entitled at the time, when the President and Vice-President, thus to be chosen, should come into office: Provided always, That where no apportionment of Representatives shall have been made after any enumeration, at the time of choosing electors, then the number of electors shall be according to the existing apportionment of Senators and Representatives.
And be it further enacted, That the electors shall meet and give their votes on the said first Wednesday in December, at such place in each state as shall be directed, by the legislature thereof; and the electors in each state shall make and sign three certificates of all the votes by them given, and shall seal up the same certifying on each that a list of the votes of such state for President and Vice President is contained therein and shall by writing under their hands, or under the hands of a majority of them, appoint a person to take charge of and deliver to the President of the Senate, at the seat of government before the first Wednesday in January then next ensuing, one of the said certificates, and the said electors shall forthwith forward by the post-office to the President of the Senate, at the seat of government, one other of the said certificates, and shall forthwith cause the other of the said certificates, to be delivered to the judge of that district in which the said electors shall assemble.
And be it further enacted, That the executive authority of each state shall cause three lists of the names of the electors of such state to be made and certified and to be delivered to the electors on or before the said first Wednesday in December and the said electors shall annex one of the said lists to each of the lists of their votes.
And be it further enacted, That if a list of votes, from any state shall not have been received at the seat of government on the said first Wednesday in January that then the Secretary of State shall send a special messenger to the district judge in whose custody such list shall have been lodged, who shall forthwith transmit the same to the seat of government.
And be it further enacted, That Congress shall be in session on the second Wednesday in February, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-three, and on the second Wednesday in February succeeding every meeting of the electors, and the said certificates, or so many of

them as shall have been received, shall then be opened, the votes counted, and the persons who shall fill the offices of President and Vice-President ascertained and declared, agreeably to the Constitution.
And be it further enacted , That in case there shall be no President of the Senate at the seat of government on the arrival of the persons entrusted with the lists of the votes of the electors, then such persons shall deliver the lists of votes in their custody into the office of the Secretary of State, to be safely kept and delivered over as soon as may be to the President of the Senate.
And be it further enacted , That the persons appointed by the electors to deliver the lists of votes to the President of the Senate, shall be allowed on the delivery of the said lists twenty-five cents for every mile of the estimated distance by the most usual road, from the place of meeting of the electors, to the seat of government of the United States.
And be it further enacted , That if any person appointed to deliver the votes of the electors to the President of the Senate, shall after accepting of his appointment neglect to perform the services required of him by this act, he shall forfeit the sum of one thousand dollars.
And be it further enacted , That in case of removal, death, resignation or inability both of the President and Vice-President of the United States the President of the Senate pro tempore and in case there shall be no President of the Senate, then the Speaker of the House of Representatives, for the time being shall act as President of the United States until the disability be removed or a President shall be elected.
And be it further enacted , That whenever the offices of President and Vice-President shall both become vacant, the Secretary of State shall forthwith cause a notification thereof to be made to the executive of every state, and shall also cause the same to be published in at least one of the newspapers printed in each state, specifying that electors of the President of the United States shall be appointed or chosen in the several states within thirty-four days preceding the first Wednesday in December then next ensuing: Provided , There shall be the space of two months between the date of such notification and the said first Wednesday in December but if there shall not be the space of two months between the date of such notification and the first Wednesday in December and if the term for which the President and Vice-President last in office were elected shall not expire on the third day of March next ensuing, then the Secretary of State shall specify in the notification that the electors shall be appointed or chosen within thirty-four days preceding the first Wednesday in December in the year next ensuing within which time the electors shall accordingly be appointed or chosen, and the electors shall meet and give their votes on the said first Wednesday in December and the proceedings and duties of the said electors and others shall be pursuant to the directions prescribed in this act.
And be it further enacted , That the only evidence of a refusal to accept, or of a resignation of the office of President or Vice-President, shall be an instrument in writing declaring the same and subscribed by the person refusing to accept or resigning as the case may be and delivered into the office of the Secretary of State.
And be it further enacted , That the term of four years for which a President and Vice-President shall be elected shall in all cases commence on the fourth day of March next succeeding the day on which the votes of the electors shall have been given.
JONATHAN TRUMBULL, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
JOHN ADAMS, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate.
Approved, March the first, 1792. G. WASHINGTON, President of the United States.
PHILADELPHIA.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
WEDNESDAY, March 7.
A petition was received and read, from Elizabeth Lovell, relict of Robert Lovell, deceased, praying to receive depreciation of pay due to her said husband, as lieutenant in the army of the United States.
A bill for reducing the rates of postage on newspapers, was read a second time, and referred to a committee of the whole House, on Friday next.
Mr. Page, from the committee appointed, reported a bill, to enable John Churchman to prosecute certain observations for the discovery of the variation of the Magnetic Needle;—and also a bill encreasing the penalties for copying charts, maps, &c.—which were read a first time.
Mr. Vining presented a memorial, signed with the names of near sixty respectable merchants of this city, in opposition to the
memorials lately presented from the merchants of New-York and Philadelphia, who trade to India and China.—Referred with the two last mentioned, to the committee of the whole on the state of the Union.
The House took up the amendments, proposed by the Senate, to the "Bill for the relief of certain widows, orphans, invalids, and other persons;" and after having considered the same, agreed to some, and disagreed to others.
A resolution some time since laid on the table, was then called up,—viz.
"Resolved, That the Secretary of the Treasury be directed to report to the House the ways and means, by which, in his opinion, the additional sums, necessary for the public service, ought to be raised."
This resolution gave rise to a warm and animated debate, which continued to a late hour, when the House, without taking the question—Adjourned.
THURSDAY, March 8.
A bill to amend the act for the encouragement of learning by securing the copies of maps, charts, and books, to the authors, &c. was read a second time, and ordered to be committed to a committee of the whole on Wednesday next.
A bill to enable John Churchman to prosecute certain observations and discoveries relative to the northern Magnetic point, was read the second time, and ordered to be committed to a committee of the whole on Monday, the 19th instant.
Mr. Sedgwick, from the committee, to whom was referred the memorial of the directors of the Ohio company of associates, made a report, which was read, and ordered to be committed to a committee of the whole House on Tuesday next.
Several petitions were read, praying for compensations, renewal of certificates, &c. which were ordered to lie on the table.
A petition of Henry Laurens, of Charleston, South-Carolina, was read, praying that a claim presented, and referred to the Secretary at War, at the last session of Congress, and by him reported on, may be decided on before the adjournment of the House for the present session.—Referred to Messieurs Smith, (S.C.) White, and Clarke, to report thereon.
The House then resumed the consideration of the motion made yesterday, "that the Secretary of the Treasury be directed to report to this House, his opinion of the best mode for raising the additional supplies requisite for the ensuing year," and the question being put whether the House agree to the same, it was resolved in the affirmative—Yeas 31, Nays 27.
FRIDAY, March 9.
A message in writing was received from the President of the United States by Mr. Lear his Secretary; as followeth,
United States, March 9th, 1792. Gentlemen of the Senate and of the House of Representatives,
I now lay before you a general account rendered by the Bankers of the United States at Amsterdam, of the payments they had made, between the 1st of July 1790 and 1791, from the fund deposited in their hands for the purposes of the act providing the means of intercourse between the United States and foreign nations, and the balance remaining in their hands, together with a letter from the Secretary of State on the subject.
GEO. WASHINGTON.
The letter and account referred to in the said message, were read and ordered to lie on the table.
In committee of the whole on the bill declaring the assent of Congress to certain acts of the States of Maryland, Georgia, and Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations, which impose a small duty on tonnage for the purpose of clearing obstructions in the navigation of those States.—Mr. W. Smith in the chair.
A motion was made by Mr. Giles to strike out the first clause, which declares the assent of Congress to the law of Maryland; after some debate, in which the motion was supported by Mr. Giles, Mr. Goodhue, and Mr. Gerry; and opposed by Mr. Seney, Mr. Sterrett, Mr. Murray, Mr. Ames, Mr. White, Mr. Niles, Mr. Wadsworth, and Mr. Fitzsimons.—The motion was put, and negatived; the committee proceeded thro' the other sections, and then reported the bill without amendment.
The blank for the continuance of the act was filled with three years—and then it was ordered that the bill be engrossed for a third reading.
The House took into consideration the report of the committee of the whole on the petition of Catharine Greene.
A lengthy debate ensued, which continued till a quarter after three o'clock—and the House adjourned without a decision.
CHARLESTON, Feb. 25.
On Thursday arrived here in the sloop Three Sisters, from New-Providence, Mr. David Porter, master of the Schooner Polly, of Baltimore, on his return to that port. The following account taken from the Bahama Gazette, will disclose the disastrous events which befel him, and his crew.
"Friday, November 11, 1791, failed from Baltimore in the Schooner Polly, belonging to Mr. James Clarke, merchant of said place, bound for New-Orleans.—On the 16th, cleared the Capes, and until the 19th, laid to, having a severe gale of wind at N. W. On the 26th made Cat-Island, and at 6 P. M. hove to, with the ship's head to the eastward, wind blowing heavy at N. by W. At 2 P. M. on the morning following, was alarmed by the vessel striking. To my surprise, found ourselves amidst a reef of rocks and breakers, the night dark and a heavy sea from the N. by W. Sometimes the vessel almost bare, but with the lift of the sea drove over the reef in three quarters of an hour, when an anchor was let go. We now tried the pump, and in an hour freed the vessel of water. At day light beheld the reef all around us, and the land about 2 miles and an half to leeward, which was Little-Island; at 7 A. M. got under way, with the loss of the anchor; with much difficulty got thro' the reef, and proceeded through the windward passage. The vessel proving very leaky, having contrary winds, and the crew dissatisfied, complaining of the insufficiency of the number for the execution of the duty, being only five and one of them a small boy, on the second of December, put into a port on the north side of Cuba, when we began to overhaul our shattered vessel; we found the leak to be under the step of the foremast, which was impossible to get at. On the 8th, was in order to proceed, and at sunrise a small Spanish Schooner, having five men on board, came down and anchored close to us. Three of her people came along side, and asked for an ax to cut some wood to put under hides, which I gave them, and inadvertently permitted them to come on board—After asking them some questions, and their telling a pitiful story of being taken by a Guarda Costa a little time before, all of a sudden, hangers, pistols and knives were drawn by them. One of my men was knocked down with the axe which they had borrowed, another drove overboard, and a third escaped by getting into the hold. I was cut in several places of my jacket in endeavoring to escape; at last I surrendered and begged my life which was given with seeming reluctance. They then lashed our hands behind our backs for a little time, when they drove us over into the boat with six pieces of meat, a small keg of bread, and no water. I begged for a few bottles of Bristol ale of which I had thirty dozen on board, but was denied a single bottle. They robbed me of my quadrant, books, watch, shoe and knee buckles. In this manner were we forced from the vessel, taking no more clothes with me than what I could put in my box. After depriving me of a vessel and cargo worth in that place not less than 5000 dollars, a considerable part of the goods my own property, I begged to remain on board or to go on shore at the main, but was denied either. We ranged along the coast, and at sundown, arrived at a house where were a few negroes. We remained there that night, and in the morning purchased of them a tarpaulin for a boat's sail, giving them, in return, part of my clothes. We ranged along the coast through mangroves and founds unknown to us, much distressed by insects, until the 12th, when to our joy and relief we got on board of the sloop Nancy, belonging to New Providence, and commanded by William Sawyer, from whom we found civil and humane treatment."
"Not being satisfied to quit the coast without endeavouring to obtain some recompence for my vessel, on the 16th I returned with my boat, one hand and the boy, the other two refusing to go to the Nivetas, where the seizure had been committed. Some people in a Spanish launch advised me by no means to go to the town (Principe) as I would certainly be murdered, that a claim might be prevented. On the 20th, I got some supplies, and went in pursuit of the Providence sloop, but to our misfortune found her to be gone, which added to our distress, as we knew not well what to do. Our whole stock at present was a lb of jerked beef, ten plantains, a few craw-fish, and half a tea-kettle of water, which we used very sparingly. After remaining some days on the Cuba-Keys, part of the time living on prickly pear apples, and having lost our flint and steel, and being without fire, we were obliged to return to the coast. After getting some supplies from the negroes at the house formerly mentioned, on the 23d set out, but fortune favoring us, at sun-down fell in with Capt. John Miller, of New-Providence, who gave us an invitation to remain on board his sloop, and we arrived at New-Providence on the 31st of January."
ALBANY, March 1.
At a meeting of the stockholders of the Albany Bank on Monday last, the following gentlemen were duly elected DIRECTORS, by plurality of votes.
  Philip Schuyler,  John Maley,    Abraham Tenbroeck,  James Caldwell.    Steph. Van Rensselaer,  John Stevenson.    Goldsbrow Banyer,  Stephen Luff.    Jere. Van Rensselaer,  Albe Pawling.    Cornelius Glen,  John Sanders.    Daniel Hale,   
Various letters from New-York inform, that Mr. Jay will be supported by a very large majority in the southern parts of the state; and if those in the northern part,
who are opposed to the re-election of Gov. Clinton, and were disposed to support Judge Yates, will pretty generally unite in the support of Mr. Jay, whose character and abilities are unexceptionable in every particular, there can be no doubt of his succeeding.
NEW-YORK March, 9.
At a meeting of the Directors of the New-York Branch of the United States Bank, held at the Bank on Wednesday evening, PHILIP LIVINGSTON, Esq. of this city, was chosen President of that Institution.—The Branch, we understand, will shortly commence its operations.
On Wednesday arrived here, from Cape May, Robert L. Steele, master of the brig Wilhelmina, of Londonderry, who informs, that on the 23d of January, he failed from New-London, bound to Dublin; that in six hours after leaving land the brig sprung a leak, so that they were obliged to keep both pumps going. Finding this to be the case, they thought proper to stand to the westward to find a port of safety. In this situation they continued till the 28th, when they came to anchor off Cape May, and in four hours after anchoring the brig sunk, when the Captain and crew took to the boats, and in going ashore on the two mile beach, the boats drove in the surf; they all got safe ashore, and remained three days in this situation before they could get to any house, and nothing to cover them but a few wet sails: the people were very much frost bitten, so much that three are supposed not able to survive. The master has been very ill ever since, but is now in a fair way of recovery.
PHILADELPHIA.
MARCH 12, 1792.
The navigation of the Delaware is now clear to Trenton; several river vessels having arrived from thence since Saturday.
A number of friendly Indians (it is said) are expected in town every day, from the Northern tribes of the Six Nations, to act in concert with the army against the hostile Tribes to the Westward.
London papers as late as the 10th of January afford the following intelligence—That the resolute determination of Louis the 16th, declaring all the German princes enemies to France, who should after the 15th of January countenance the assembling and arming of the French emigrants, had caused a serious sensation in all the countries bordering on the Rhine. These petty states, it was thought, would not expose themselves to the resentment of France, without assurances of support from the emperor. The Count de Vergennes, the French minister at Coblenz, had received his letter of recall. An oath was preparing at the same place, to be taken by all the French emigrants, the substance of which was, fidelity to the princes , and "an entire devotion to their orders, for the glory and interest of France."—Great preparations for war were making throughout France. The electorate was putting itself into a state of defence, and it was publicly announced that imperial troops were to be cantoned in the German villages, to secure the emigrants from surprize.—To prevent the French from having any pretext for invasion, the French princes and the emigrants were to retire into the Landgraviate of Hesse, and there assemble their forces.
The magistracy of Worms had written respectfully to the King of France, that they had ever considered the reception of the emigrants among them only as an act of common hospitality—but, lest his Majesty should take it in ill part, they had given orders to the Prince of Conde to quit Worms with all his retinue of disaffected adherents. The Prince Bishop of Liege was amongst the most strenuous supporters of the Ex-Princes, supplying them with every necessary for war, and promising still more. The government of the Liegeois had forbid the sale of Montequieu's Spirit of laws and Voltaire's questions on the Encyclopedia—All the emigrants in that state were ordered to be equipped by the 10th of January. His Holiness the Pope had been very ill of an apoplectic fit, but was recovering—On the 26th of December, a letter had been received at Coblenz from the Emperor to the French Princes, "assuring them of his most ample assistance—and that he had given orders to Gen. Bender to line the frontier"; the authenticity of the letter was however suspected.
A strict look-out was kept in the channel for the (British) Swallow packet, from India, which it was supposed would bring the most important accounts ever received from that country; it being expected in England the present campaign would determine the fate of Seringapatam and the Myzor country, Lord Cornwallis's army, and the whole of the English territory on Coromandel coast—The French emigrants at Coblenz were preparing to retire to Hanau and the Margraviate of Anspach but that the emperor's notification to the elector, "That he considered even the threat of invading that electorate as an hostility on the part of the French," had suspended their resolution.—That M. de Sainte

Croix, successor of M. de Vergennes, as minister of France at Coblenz, had nearly been publicly insulted by the emigrants in that city—the elector, however, and M. de Artois interposed, and insisted that the Emigrant should give a proof of their respect for the king by conducting themselves with proper deference towards his minister &c.—The late receipt of the above advices has prevented us giving them in detail.
The society for promoting the improvement of roads and inland navigation in the state of Pennsylvania, have petitioned the legislature of the state, that a company be incorporated for the opening a permanent navigation of the river Delaware and its branches, from the falls at Trenton to the northern boundary of the state; and that another company be incorporated for completing the navigation of the river Schuylkill, from the lower falls to the heads of its several branches, as far as may be found practicable. In the former of those objects it is believed the state of New-Jersey will unite; and probably the state of New-York, where the branches of the Delaware enter the territories of the last mentioned state.
The value of the exports from the port of Baltimore during the year 1791, is stated at one million, seven hundred eighty-two thousand, eight hundred and sixty-one dollars—The value of goods, wares, and merchandise imported during the same period is fixed at two millions, six hundred and forty-eight thousand, eight hundred and eighteen dollars and sixty-seven cents.—To the district of Baltimore belong 16,871 tons of shipping employed in foreign navigation; and about one hundred sail employed in the coasting trade, which may be averaged at 40 tons each—During the year 1791, 26,887 tons of American vessels, and 18,664 ditto of foreign, were entered at the above mentioned port.
The Dismal Swamp (North-Carolina) company have issued proposals for cutting a canal from the waters of Elizabeth river in Virginia to those of Pasquotank, in North Carolina, communicating with Currotuck and Albemarle sounds. The length of this canal will be about sixteen miles. The country through which it is to pass is flat and swampy, free from stones and covered with heavy wood; the canal is to be 39 feet in width and about 8 feet in depth, which will enable boats, not drawing more than three feet, to navigate this canal in the driest seasons.—The main object of the canal is said to be the draining of the Great Dismal Swamp, which is ten miles across, and about ten leagues in length; this swamp, when the canal is finished, may be easily converted into an immense rice field of the best quality of soil.—Proposals are to be received no longer than the ninth day of April next. By means of this canal a vast inland navigation will be opened from the Chesapeake, through the whole of Albemarle and Pamlico sounds, down to Newbern.
The latest English papers teem with accounts of the success of Lord Cornwallis in India. Other accounts, received by the way of France, represent his Lordship and Tippoo Saib to be manoeuvring much in the same manner a certain noble Lord did with General Greene in 1781 in the deserts of Carolina and Virginia. Lord Cornwallis, it is said, was sent to India to wipe off the stain contrasted at York, in America—It would be hard indeed, after being captured by the rebels of America, if his Lordship should suffer a similar fate from the Indians of Asia; which from impartial information appears not unlikely to be the case.
Bowles, the pretended Indian chief, who has been for some time past in East-Florida and Georgia, fomenting discords amongst the Creek Indians; when at Nova Scotia, on his way to England, drew bills to a very considerable amount on the British government, for Indian purposes. These bills have been punctually paid. "There is therefore no room to doubt (says a New-Hampshire paper) that General Bowles is assisted in his present operations, and expects to be supported in them by the government of Great-Britain." It is also said that Bowles keeps up a very constant correspondence with Lord Dunmore at the island of New-Providence, from whence he can at any time procure supplies of every kind for his nefarious purposes.
A committee of the Senate of the United States have reported in favour of erecting a light-house on Montauk point; and brought in a bill for that purpose on Tuesday last, which was read and ordered a second reading.
The Secretary of the Treasury, we are informed, has directed all the collectors of the revenue to receive no other notes but those of the Bank of the United States, and to pay all the monies they may receive into that Bank and its branches. Measures are also taken to make that institution and its dependencies the depository of all the public monies and the channel through which they are to flow in all payments from the public for the interest of the debt, salaries to officers, &c. which will add immensely to the specie capital of the Bank, as the public money will lie frequently uncalled
for, a considerable time, while the arrangement will afford a convenience to the government, and to its creditors. The Secretary has likewise subscribed for the five thousand shares allotted to the government.
The noble spirit of Canal making has pervaded every part of the Union. A company has been incorporated for the purpose of connecting Cooper and Santee rivers by a canal of one and twenty miles in length, in South Carolina. The sum supposed to be necessary to complete this extensive work, is 55,620l. sterling. Twenty-five per cent. are allowed by the legislature in tolls for all monies advanced by stockholders.
A mode is mentioned in a London paper of recovering persons from Fits by pressing the root of the thumb nail of the person affected very hard with the thumb nail of another person. Upon a relapse, the operation is to be repeated till the fits cease. Convulsive fits of every kind are said to be effectually cured, for the present, by this simple method.
A ludicrous performance appears in the Delaware Gazette of the third instant, wherein the claims of the PENN family, in England, to any territories in that State, are treated with contempt—it being intimated that claims to lands in the moon might be urged, at this time, with as much propriety, as any pretensions by that family to possessions in the state of Delaware, under the authority of a Royal Grant.
One of the last received Leyden papers mentions the renovation of the Gazette de France, a court paper that had been printed at Paris for more than one hundred and fifty years past.—It was always known merely as a paper of business, had all the stern features of despotism, and for the whole of the above mentioned long period had never once been known to relax the severe brow of care, by the introduction of any thing bordering upon amusement or pleasantries.—It appeared to have yielded its last gasp with the downfall of despotic authority; in consequence of which it was discontinued some months, but is now resuscitated, having undergone a conversion to new principles upon the same motive, perhaps, as the monarch.
From a Correspondent. I OBSERVE in your last National Gazette a mistake in a paragraph under the Philadelphia head. There is no such regiment in France as the Welsh-Irish. The troops commonly known in France by the name of the Irish Brigade consist of three regiments (Berwick's, Walsh's, and Dillon's) officered, for the most part, by Irishmen, or the descendents of those Irish, who took refuge in France with King James II.—The ranks are filled not with Irishmen, but with a motley mixture collected from all the nations on the continent of Europe, and speaking a greater variety of languages than were used at the building of Babel.
Extract of a letter from N. Providence (vna. Charleston) dated Jan. 29.
"Since the first settlement of this island, no person now living recollects to have experienced an equal degree of cold with that which has been felt the present winter. The north-west winds have almost continually blown from the continent with unparalleled severity, so as to render fires as necessary in our houses as in latitudes far more northerly; and although we have not actually seen ice, the degree of cold has been equal thereto, at least if I may judge from my own and my neighbors' feelings. Having resided here, myself, only nine years, I cannot positively vouch for the truth of the assertion, but old settlers say the winters are becoming colder and colder; which circumstance, if true, I hold not easy to be accounted for.—As to other matters we are all peace and quiet, but not much accession of new inhabitants: Abaco is rather on the decline, and when the wood is entirely cut away, the value of that island will be greatly diminished. A settlement has been made on Cat Island, which promises well; and many of the keys and smaller islands begin to be cultivated with some degree of success in several parts.—A number of inhabitants are established on Crooked-Island, where, if the soil is intolerably poor, there is nevertheless an excellent fishery at almost all seasons, and something now and then to be made by wrecking. Reports here say, that a number of fugitive negroes have been recently seen on Great Heneago, Atkins' Keys, and other neighboring islands, who, it is not unlikely, have found means to escape there from St. Domingo, in dread of the vengeance of the expected armament from old France."
Extract of a letter, dated Marietta (on the Ohio) January, 1, 1792.
"Nothing material has transpired since my last, the savages not having shown themselves since the battle; we are threatened, however, with their appearance in the spring, and if possible, with redoubled ferocity. Most of the settlements on these waters are in a very defenceless situation, and must either be abandoned, or, what is more distressing, incur the hazard of savage barbarity. The latter indeed will be inevitable by many families from their inability to effect a removal in the depth of winter. This is the only place which is rendered in any degree tenable, and even here our force is too inadequate, and but ill prepared for service. "I particularly lament the situation of Bell-pree, a settlement about twenty miles below,
consisting of some respectable families that have emigrated to this country, and whose exertions have been indefatigable in rendering it the most improved of any upon the Ohio. You may conceive some idea of the flourishing condition of Bellpree, when I inform you that in passing that place, we enumerated 400 hogs in pens, fattening for the fall slaughter; a number quite inconsiderable when compared to that which was then ranging in the woods. We had also the pleasure of viewing flocks and cribs of grain to the amount of many thousand bushels, and were informed of one individual, who had contracted with the French agent for the sale of 4000 bushels of corn, of his own growth in one year. The vegetables indeed were innumerable, and our soldiers were suffered to take as many of them, gratis, as subsisted them for some weeks."
"I could not but remark with emotions of sympathy, the contrast which was observable in the inhabitants of this place when I passed it, previous to the action, and at my return to it subsequent to that event. At the former period, all was hilarity and cheerfulness; but the aspect is now materially changed, and the marks of despondency are every where visible."
MULATTOES OF ST. DOMINGO,
ARE the motley breed of land-holders, gentlemen adventurers, parsimonious merchants, factors, clerks, managers, and plantation-officers from Europe. The progenitors of this yellow tribe were generally persons who came out from France, and other parts of Europe, to make fortunes rapidly, return, and spend them under their native skies. During their stay in this delightful island, the pursuits of avarice were not sufficiently powerful to restrain them wholly from more natural pursuits. No immediate objects of gratification presented but the enslaved African female, who was therefore adopted vice sponsa , and while she planted canes on the mountain, or tended a herd of goats in the valley, contributed to people the island with a progeny, who were neither European nor African, and felt no attachment to either, further than interest or the more immediate prospects of advantage dictated.
Natural affection had still some influence where united parental fondness had been rendered extremely weak from the unequal condition of the progenitors. The mulattoes were generally excused from the labors of the field—they were house-keepers, and clerks; they were house-boys, and poultry-men; they were waiters at table and taverns; they were fishermen, cooks, and turn-spits; they were even bound out to mechanical trades, and in general were every thing in the line of domestic employment, except field-slaves, who are reckoned the most degraded class in the islands, and absolutely placed upon a level with the mules that turn the cattle mills.
Many of these mulattoes, of promising parts, had an education bestowed on them by no means despicable. They could read and write and had some acquaintance with figures. Education always engenders discontent where there is not universal equality of condition. In consequence of acquired knowledge, they have for half a century past been aspiring to equal privileges with the whites; and we have seen, within these two years, that rather than not enjoy them, they allied themselves to the blacks, whom they heretofore held in contempt, and have carried fire and sword through the territories of the white inhabitants.
There is every reason to suppose, from the present example of their enormities, that the future condition of the mulattoes in the Islands will be changed for the worse, as every European government will find its interest in restricting them (especially if a general prohibition of the slave trade should take place) to a situation that will not afford the same opportunities as heretofore, for exciting and aiding the insurrection of the blacks, or corresponding with the Spaniards.
Perhaps such a step (the equalizing the condition of the mulattoes and negroes) might be attended with some advantages. The Islands have not hitherto been considered as fixed and ultimate places of residence for the generality of the whites. It was only (as observed above) to make a fortune in a few years and away, that they seemed to have failed thither at all, and if they retained real estates, for the most part they enjoyed the revenues in Europe. This conduct has ever been encouraged by the colonizing countries in Europe, as it secured colonial dependence. When once the colonial whites begin to consider the West-Indies as their only proper home, a legitimate offspring of their own grade will ensue, who may in time, as has happened on this continent, render some of the insular governments independent of European supremacy; and grant those natural rights of man to the negroes and mulattoes, which they will in vain look for from the justice, the humanity, or the philosophy of Europe.
March 11.
A description of the Dismal Swamp in Virginia.
THE Dismal is a very large swamp, or bog, extending from north to south near 30 miles; and from east to west, at a medium, about 10: It lies partly in Virginia, and partly in North-Carolina. No less than five navigable rivers, besides creeks, rise out of it; whereof two run into Virginia, viz. the south branch of Elizabeth, and the south branch of Nansemond rivers; and three into North-Carolina, namely, North-River, North West River and Perquimonds. All these hide their heads, properly speaking,
in the Dismal, there being no signs of them above ground. For this reason there must be plentiful subterraneous stores of water to feed so many rivers, or else the soil is replete with this element, drained from the higher land that surrounds it, that it can abundantly afford these supplies. This is most probable, because the ground of this swamp is a mere quagmire, trembling under the feet of those that walk upon it, and every impression is instantly filled with water. We could run a long stick up to the head, without resistance; and whenever a fire was made, so soon as the crust of leaves and trash were burnt through, the coals sunk down into a hole, and were extinguished.
The skirts of the Dismal towards the east, are overgrown with reeds, ten or twelve feet high, interlarded every where with strong bamboo briers, in which the men's feet were perpetually entangled. Among these, grows here and there a cypress, or white cedar, which last is commonly mistaken for the juniper. Towards the south end of it is a very large tract of reeds, without any trees growing amongst them, which being constantly green, and waving in the wind, is called the green sea. In many parts, especially on the borders, grows an ever-green shrub very plentifully, that goes by the name of the gall bush. It bears a berry which dyes a black colour, like the gall of an oak from whence it borrows its name.
Near the middle of the Dismal the trees grow much thicker, the cypresses as well as the cedars. These being always green, and loaded with very large tops, are much exposed to the wind and easily blown down, in this boggy place, where the soil is soft, and consequently affords but slender hold for the roots that shoot into it. By these they lying piled in heaps, and riding on one another; nor is this all, for the snags left in them point every way, and require the utmost caution to clamber over them.
'Tis remarkable that towards the heart of this horrible desert, no beast or bird approaches, not so much as an insect, or a reptile. This must happen, not so much from the moisture of the soil, as from the everlasting shade occasioned by the thick shrubs and bushes, so that the friendly beams of the sun can never penetrate them, to warm the earth: nor, indeed, do any birds care to fly over it, any more than they are said to do over the lake Avernus, for fear of the noisome exhalations that rise from this vast body of dirt and nastiness. These noxious vapours infect the air round about, giving agues and other distempers to the neighboring inhabitants.
On the western border of the Dismal is a pine swamp, above a mile in breadth, great part of which is covered with water knee-deep: however, the bottom is firm, and though the pines growing upon it are very tall, yet are they not easily blown down by the wind: so that the people waded thro' this part of it without any other hindrance but what the depth of the water gave them. With all these disadvantages the Dismal is in many places pleasant to the eye (though disagreeable to the other senses) because of the perpetual verdure, which makes every season look like the spring, and every month assume the aspect of May.
PRICE OF STOCKS. Six per cents, per £. - 24/2. Three per cents, - - 13/4. Deferred six per cents, - - 14/6. Final Settlements - - 20/6. Indents, - - - 13/9. Bank stock 1-2 shares, 88—per cent. advance.
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. March, 1792.
Table with 6 columns: Day, D., H., Bar., Ther., Wind., Weath. Rows for Monday through Sunday with corresponding meteorological data.
RAN away on Wednesday night last, a Negro Man, about twenty-three years old; bad on a light coloured short coat: took with him a pair of leather breeches and a pair of green stuff do. a beaver hat half worn, narrow brim and deep crown; a pair of boots; striped cotton and silk stockings—he is slim made—reads and writes a legible hand—has, I am informed, procured a pass and a certificate of his being a free man. It is probable he will endeavor to get on board some vessel, either at this place or New-York. He has a small fore under his chin, occasioned by cutting out a wen. I will give Ten Dollars reward for securing him, if in this city; Twenty Dollars if taken in New-York, or any other place of the same distance, and pay all reasonable expenses.
ANDREW MOORE, Spruce-street, No. 112. Philadelphia, March 9, 1792.

The following Letters originated from the Postscript of Gen. St. Clair's Letter (See National Gazette of Dec. 15) and his Letter explanatory of that Postscript, in the N. Gazette of Feb. 6.
From the Carlisle Gazette, of Feb. 29, 1792. Carlisle, Feb. 27.
Mr. Printer, IT would have been a sweet ingredient in the bitter cup I have drank in the loss of General Butler, had his memory remained without any imputation in the campaign that has led to his exit. With respect to his having received intelligence not communicated, the inclosed letters, with which I am favored, will contribute to elucidate. I am told it is further suggested, that the troops for the campaign were unnecessarily delayed by General Butler at Pittsburgh. It is sorrowful for me he exists not, to call for an enquiry into it---but cannot help thinking, if his correspondence with the Secretary at War is produced, it will appear whether any delays were, or what was the cause; as it cannot be denied, that the minister at war received answers to his letters from General Butler, by the return of every post from Pittsburgh.
It has been a secret struggle with me to send you the enclosed, being under the necessity to use Mr. Morgan's letter to me, as introducing it---and to letting it appear it came to your paper from myself, being the wife of the unfortunate, and so supposed partial to his memory.
MARY BUTLER.
Princeton, Feb. 16, 1792.
Dear Madam, On the 9th instant, I did myself the honor to write a letter to the Secretary at War, of which the inclosed is a copy.
You are at liberty to make such use of it as you think proper.
I am with great respect and esteem, Madam, your most obedient humble servant.
JOHN MORGAN.
To Mrs. Mary Butler, Spring-Mills, near Carlisle.
Prospect (N. Jersey) Feb. 9th, 1792.
Sir, THE gratitude I owe to one of the best and bravest of men, who fell at my side in a charge on the enemy, the 4th of last November, and whose confidence and friendship was most grateful to my heart, having commanded my attentions to the care of those peculiarly dear to him whilst living, I did not arrive in Philadelphia from Fort-Washington until Wednesday the 1st inst. and my anxiety to see my parents called me here without making an unnecessary delay in the city. Since my arrival I have read with attention his excellency Governor St. Clair's postscript to his letter to you, dated Fort-Washington, Nov. 9th, 1791, and his explanation of that P. S. by a letter to you dated the 29th of last month, and published in the Gazette of the United States, of the 4th inst. both relating to information of importance, said to be communicated by Capt. Slough to Gen. Butler in the night preceding the action, and not imparted by him to the Governor, nor by any other person, until the army got back to Fort-Washington. It is not my intention, Sir, to enter into the views or design of his excellency in writing that P. S. nor to say that had Gen. Butler informed his excellency at the moment Capt. Slough is said to have made the report in question, his excellency could not have displayed his army in better order than it was, to guard against the attack, or to have prevented the route of it; but, Sir, it is my intention by this letter to undecieve his excellency and you, by offering myself as an evidence to prove, so far as it is possible to prove a negative, that the report in question was never made to General Butler, and that he therefore had it not in his power to inform the commander in chief of it. I not only offer myself as an evidence to prove this, but likewise to prove positively, that the party sent out under Capt. Slough's command was not taken or intended to be taken from the right wing alone, which formed the front line, then under the immediate command of Gen. Butler; neither was Capt. Slough, nor the party under him, ordered out by Gen. Butler, but by the Governor, and that without Gen. Butler being ever consulted thereupon, nor did Capt. Slough receive his orders from Gen. Butler, as specified in his excellency's letter to you last mentioned. I not only offer myself as an evidence in this business, but I conceive myself authorized to make use of the names of others, my superiors, for the same purpose; and it is well known, Sir, in the army, that from the moment the report in question was first mentioned at Fort Washington, I contradicted it on the spot to the adjutant-general and to others; and that I have made it my business to do so on every proper occasion. It is my pride as well as my duty, thus to step forth in justification of my deceased friend, from whom, or from whose interest or connections I have not any thing to hope, whose name and character I only knew from others until I was recommended to him by officers I had served with and under, and more particularly by my worthy and ever to be lamented deceased friend, Major Ferguson. I have been indeed honored in a particular manner with Gen. Butler's friendship and confidence; under him every service to a man's country was made agreeable to the officer and to the private soldier. Had he survived, Sir, neither this, or other charges lately brought forward, and which I also offer myself as an evidence to disprove, would either have been reported or gained credit: when his excellency the President and you shall know that I can have no expectation but of disadvantage, in thus stepping forward, and that I am sensible of the consequences, I hope you will do me the justice to believe that I know myself to be impelled by a sense of honor alone.
I submit to you the republication of this letter, as justice due to Gen. Butler's memory---to his family---to his friends---and to the public. On re-perusal of it, left it may be supposed to intend a crimination of Governor St. Clair's veracity, permit me to add, that is not my intention, but to undecieve him, you, and my country,
as to facts imposed upon him. I have indeed said, in opposition to Governor St. Clair's relation that the party under Capt. Slough was not taken or not intended to be taken from the right wing alone, and that it was not ordered out by Gen. Butler, as the Governor states, but by the Governor himself: I say so, Sir, because the order of desire came regularly to me as brigade-major of the right wing, through the proper officer; and without first informing or consulting Gen. Butler, I complied so far as was required of the right wing, and made him afterwards acquainted therewith, previous to the departure of Capt. Slough, who I called into Gen. Butler's tent to drink a glass of wine; there, in the presence and hearing of several gentlemen, Capt. Slough asked my advice in two or three particulars, and Gen. Butler, whose knowledge was infinitely superior to mine, answered him, and gave Capt. Slough proper advice in some other particulars unasked.
This, Sir, is the whole part Gen. Butler had or knew in the business. I find that one of Gen. Butler's friends, long before my arrival in Philadelphia, has addressed a letter to the Governor in the Federal Gazette, No. 1011, on this subject, and therein requests answers to several questions, necessary to the arriving at truth and detecting the contrary. The Governor has answered two of them with his usual politeness and propriety, but left two others unnoticed, which, before Gen. Butler's friends proceed in the investigation of this business, it is of importance to them to be informed of, either by a publication or by a letter to me, viz. the hour of the night in which Capt. Slough is said to have made the report to Gen. Butler; and 2dly, in whose presence he made it. I have the honor to be with respect, Sir, your most obedient, and most humble servant,
JOHN MORGAN, Ensign 1st U. S. Reg. late Brigade-Major to General Richard Butler, deceased. Hon. Henry Knox, Esq. Secretary of War.
TO THE PUBLIC,
I HAVE just seen a letter addressed to the Secretary at War, by Ensign John Morgan, of the 1st U. S. States regiment, in which (after paying himself some pretty little compliments) he offers himself as an evidence to prove that I did not receive my orders from Gen. Butler on the evening previous to the defeat of our army; and that I did not on my return to camp make my report to him. Merely to contradict this would answer no purpose, but I flatter myself that the affidavits of a number of the officers and gentlemen of the army, directly contradicting what he has asserted, and explaining the whole of the business, will convince the public that I did my duty like an honest man and a soldier, and that what he says he will prove, is false. Some of the gentlemen, whose evidence in this case I shall want, live at a distance, I must therefore beg the public to suspend their opinion on the subject, till they can be interrogated, &c.
I am the public's most humble servant, JACOB SLOUGH, Late Capt. 3d U. S. regiment of levies. 3d March.
I DID myself the honor to write to Major-General Knox, Secretary at War, the 9th of February, on the subject of his Excellency Governor St. Clair's P.S. to his letter dated from Fort-Washington the 9th of last November, and the Governor's explanation of that P.S. by a letter dated the 29th of January. Seeing my letter published in several newspapers, with some remarks thereon, by Captain Slough, I think it proper to mention, that what I have asserted does not rest upon my testimony alone, as shall hereafter appear.
I could have wished that Capt. Slough, or the Governor, had ventured to assert, as requested in my letter of the 9th ult. the hour of the night in which the captain is said to have made the report to general Butler; and in whose presence he made it. Why the gentlemen decline answering these enquiries, I can only conjecture; but I think that open, candid, explicit answers to these simple questions, without studied delay, are due to general Butler's friends, and to the public.
My following correspondence with the Secretary at War renders it improper for me to take further notice of captain Slough's publication at present. On any other occasion I might not take the liberty to publish an official letter; but on this, I hold myself excusable.
War Department, Feb. 21st, 1792.
Sir, YOUR letter of the 9th instant was duly received, and has been submitted to the President of the United States, and shown to Major General St. Clair. Although there is no desire of supposing the evidence you offer, to controvert the statement made by the commander in chief, yet it is proper the subject should be well investigated and considered; and in order to this, it may be necessary for you to repair to this city, which you will do as soon as convenient.
I am, Sir, Your humble servant, H. KNOX. To Ensign John Morgan, Prospect, New-Jersey. (Copy.)
Indian Queen, Philadelphia, Feb. 25, 1792.
Sir, I HAD not the honor to receive your letter dated the 21st instant, acknowledging the receipt of mine dated the 9th, until this moment; it was returned to me from Princeton by post, as I arrived in this city the day your letter was put into the post-office here. On the 23d, in the morning, I did myself the honor to wait upon you at the War office, and as you was long particularly engaged, I took the liberty to leave my name and quarters.
I cannot suppose, Sir, that you have any desire to suppress my proposed evidence, in justification of general Butler's honor; and as I am now in town, I will wait your pleasure to describe the mode in which the subject shall be investigated, hoping that there may be no unnecessary delay, for his fame has suffered too much already, from the unjust report, published by your authority,
through all the newspapers of the United States. Having had the honor of general Butler committed to my guardianship, by an act of Providence, no fears shall deter me to betray the sacred trust. I wish, Sir, your letter had placed it upon this footing, and not as my desire to controvert the statement made by the commander in chief, for whom I have a proper respect: but, as you are pleased to make choice thereof, notwithstanding the declaration I made in my letter of the 9th instant, I submit to it---Being with great respect, Sir, your most obedient and most humble servant,
JOHN MORGAN, Ensign 1st United States regiment, late Brigade Major to General Butler.
P.S. It may not be improper to inform you, that having pledged my honor to Mrs. Butler, that I would pursue proper measures for the justification of General Butler's, in consequence of your not having noticed my letter of the 9th instant, as I flattered myself you would, I transmitted a copy of it to her, and one to his brothers, with my liberty to make such use of it as they should think proper.
JOHN MORGAN.
To the Hon. Major General Knox, Secretary at War. (Copy)
General Knox requests to see Mr. Morgan at one o'clock to-morrow.
Saturday evening, 25th February, 1792. To Mr. Morgan, Indian Queen. (Copy)
Mr. Morgan will do himself the honour to wait upon General Knox agreeable to his request.
Sunday morning. (Copy) To the Hon. Major General Knox.
In consequence of the above, I was honored by General Knox with a conference, in which I flatter myself we were mutually satisfied; and I now wait the mode to be prescribed in which the business is to be investigated, when I pledge myself to justify General Butler's honor, to the satisfaction of his friends and his country, whose faithful servant he was. This alone is my object, and I will not desert it.
Would Captain Slough now name the officers and gentlemen of the army, whose affidavits he says he will procure, to prove that he did make the report to General Butler, &c. I am of opinion that his friends would not need the testimony of other gentlemen, had they no other. This, as a man of honor, I hope he will do without delay, and mention the circumstances of the evidence. Candor and duty to the public, as well as justice to General Butler's friends, require it of him.
Was Captain Slough acquainted with military duty, he would know that General Butler dared not to have sent out a detachment for the purposes specified in the Governor's letter, without an order from the commander in chief, any more than Captain Slough dared to have detached or gone with his own company without orders; and the Governor will not say that he ordered General Butler to make the detachment. If then General Butler was not ordered to make the detachment, will any military man, or any other, believe that General Butler would have presumed to give orders to that order to that detachment? at a time too when it is well known he thought himself very indelicately treated, if not insulted, by the Commander in Chief? Surely no: and Captain Slough must be a novice in discipline, if he thinks himself justifiable in not having made his report to the Commander in Chief, by whose order he was sent out, and to whom, or to the officer of the day, it was Captain Slough's immediate duty to have reported, and not to General Butler.
It is generally understood from Governor St. Clair's letter, that the detachment under Captain Slough was sent out as a reconnoitring party: that was not the case, as I shall hereafter prove by the officer who delivered him his orders.
JOHN MORGAN, Ensign 1st United States regiment, late Brigade Major to General Butler. Philadelphia, March 5th, 1792.
To Mr. CLAYPOOLE.
Philadelphia, Monday afternoon, 4 o'clock---March 5, 1792.
Sir, HAVING this moment received a note from his Excellency Major General St. Clair, arresting me for MUTINY, in publishing, as I suppose, my letter to the Secretary of War, inserted in your Mail of the 3d instant, I beg the favor of you to mention it, if you can, in your Mail of to-morrow; for in consequence of this arrest, although I am proud of my situation in the cause of truth and honor, I may be precluded from giving further information until after a General Court Martial shall be held.
If this note shall come too late for your Mail of to-morrow, be pleased to insert it next day, and oblige, Sir, Your most obedient servant, JOHN MORGAN, Ensign 1st United States regiment, and late Brigade Major to General Butler.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN away in August 1790 from the subscriber, living in Queen Ann's county, eastern shore of Maryland, a country born Negro woman, called GRACE. She is about middle aged, very low of stature, round face, remarkable small feet, for a negro, and has lost several of her fore-teeth. The lapse of time since she has absconded renders it unnecessary to describe her cloathing. She is artful and talkative, and I make no doubt has passed for a free woman, and got into Pennsylvania or Delaware states. The above reward shall be paid to any person securing said negro, and giving information thereof to her master, and reasonable charges if brought home. EDWARD HARRIS. Feb. 23. 8W IAW.
PROPOSALS, For Publishing by Subscription, A COMPENDIOUS SYSTEM of the New and Old Husbandry; With several Experiments made in both Systems;
CONTAINING, THE Mechanical, Chymical, and philosophical, elements of Agriculture; in which the different soils and manures are analyzed; proving which manure is most suitable for each soil, and the sorts of grain and grasses adapted to the different soils and climates of America---directions for laying out and managing the farm yard; where by great quantities of manures and composts may be made; and to make some new, cheap and effectual manures---several experiments made by the author on grain of different sorts, and directions to make fertilizing steeps, which will double the crops, kill the animalcule, and prevent blights and smut---Proper methods of plowing and meliorating the different soils fit to receive the grain---The imperfections of the present mode of cultivation in this country, clearly pointed out; with a new mode of culture, founded on observations and experience: wherein is proved, by proper management, changing the crops, and letting grain and grasses come in rotation, the poorest land may be enriched and made to produce as much as new land---The nature and properties of foreign grasses and pulse, such as Lucerne, Saintfoin, Burnets, Trefoil, Ryegrass, Horse-beans, Peas, Tares, Vetches; &c. with their benefit and advantages. A comparison of different methods of farming in the different counties of England---The method of feeding and fattening sheep on turnips, with directions for making and placing the hurdles for penning of them, and the benefit received by their dung; with the best method of raising the turnip, and an effectual receipt for preventing the ravages of the fly---An account of the culture and use of the Mangel-wurzel, or root of scarcity, known in France under the name of Racine-de-Dilette, with experiments made by the Abbe de Commerell, Dr. John Coakley Lettson, and the author, recommended for feeding and fattening of cattle, and for culinary uses---The usefulness, culture and method of raising, drying, and the virtues of hops---Directions for sowing, transplanting and managing of flowers, herbs, and vegetables, in the garden; with grafting, budding or inoculating all sorts of fruit trees; and a new method of planting and improving trees in the field. To brew beer, and to make cyder keep and be much stronger than the common method---A description of a drill machine (which any ingenious carpenter may make) for planting all sorts of grain, pulse, grass seeds, &c. in equal distant rows, and a running hoe, which will do double the work of a common one---Directions for making and placing of hedges, an excellent and cheap method of fencing---The management and fattening of cows, sheep and hogs, suckling and weaning of calves and lambs, with directions and remedies to cure the several diseases cattle are subject to, and to prevent and cure the rot in sheep; with other useful and interesting subjects.
By JOHN SPURRIER,
An old experienced and experimental farmer, late of the county of Herts, in Great-Britain, and now at the Queen of France tavern, between Chester and Wilmington, on Brandwyne Hundred, county of Newcastle, and state of Delaware.
This Work to be handsomely printed in octavo, on a good type and paper; to contain 300 pages; sewed.
The price to subscribers One Dollar, to non-subscribers One Dollar and a Quarter; to be paid for on delivery.
This work shall be published as soon as 500 have subscribed.
Subscribers names shall be prefixed to the work. Books, for the purpose of subscribers entering their names, will be left at the Merchant's Coffee-house in second street; at Mr. Pelosi's, corner of Market and Water-streets; at Mr. Inklee's stage-office, corner of Arch and Second-streets; Mr. Crukshank, No. 91, Market-street; Mr. Young, No. 52, South Second street, and Mr. Dobson, No. 41. South Second street, and at the different booksellers.
Any gentlemen, living at a distance, who may be inclined to patronize this publication, are requested to forward their names to any of the above places.
HOWELL'S
LARGE MAP of PENNSYLVANIA, THIS work is engraved in the most elegant style, and will be ready for delivery in the Spring. It is 63 inches long and 36 inches wide, and for the most part very full of work (except some small places of which materials were not to be had) and was wholly compiled from actual surveys, acquired at great expence of money, and more than four years labour, and from its manifest public utility, the Legislature has been pleased to grant the proprietor the sum of three hundred pounds.
This map exhibits the County and Township Divisions, and those of the Surveyors Districts in the New-Purchase, Donation and Depreciation Lands; the waters, portages, and the Canal mountains and valleys, roads, towns, &c.
He thanks the Public for their very liberal subscription, and informs them that it will not be closed before the middle of April next. He sells his SMALL MAPS, on canvass, folded and cas'd for pocket carriage, at 13/6, and plain at 8/6.
READING HOWELL.
North fifth street, No. 88---March 1.
A few Copies of the REPORT of the Secretary of the Treasury, of the 6th inst. on the PUBLIC DEBT, may be had at this Office.
PRINTED BY CHILDS AND SWAIN, AT THEIR OFFICE, NO. 239, HIGH-STREET, NEAR SIXTH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.