The New-York journal, and daily patriotic register (New-York [N.Y.]), 1788-05-10 00:00:00

The New-York Journal, and Daily Patriotic Register.
NUMB. 111, of VOL. XLIII.]
S A T U R D A Y, May 10, 1788.
[Total NUMB. 2291]
HERE TRUTH UNLICENSED' REIGNS; AND DARES ACCOST—E'EN KINGS THEMSELVES, OR RULERS OF THE FREE. Thompson's Liberty.
NEW-YORK: Printed and Published by THOMAS GREENLEAF, at the PRINTING-OFFICE, No. 25, WATER-STREET.
JUST PUBLISHED, And to be SOLD By Thomas Greenleaf, At No. 25, Water-street, The Genuine Information, Delivered to the Legislature of the STATE OF MARYLAND, Relative to the Proceedings of the General Convention, Lately held at PHILADELPHIA, By LUTHER MARTIN, Esquire, Attorney General of Maryland, and one of the Delegates in the said Convention.
Together with A L E E T E R To the Honorable Thomas C. Deye, Speaker of the House of Delegates; A D D R E S S To the Citizens of the UNITED STATES; And some R E M A R K S Relative to A STANDING ARMY, AND A BILL OF RIGHTS. Nallius additus jurare in Verba Magistri. —Horace. This excellent Performance ought, for the solid and serious Truths it contains, like the Bible and the Letters of Junius, to be in the Hands of every real Friend to American Liberty—In the Language of the sacred Law, "Teach them diligently unto thy Children—talk of them when thou sittest in thine House—and when thou walkest by the Way." Impress it on their tender Minds, as the first Article of their political Creed, That there is no Government safe with a Standing Army, and there is no Government that is not safe with- out one. April 23, 1788. 77 e.d.
TO BE SOLD, For JERSEY MONEY at full Value, Or exchanged for any Property in New-York, or bartered for West-India or DRY GOODS, At Market Price.
A Valuable Farm, SITUATE in Woodbridge town- ship, in the county of Essex, New-Jersey, within a quarter of a mile of the main road from Woodbridge to Brunswick, about eight miles dis- tant from the latter, and three and a half from Perth Amboy, consisting of one hundred and se- venty acres a third part of which is excellent MEADOW; a sufficiency of fire-wood, with a handsome piece of thrifty young timber.
The plough-land equal to any in that part of the country; the whole under good fence.
On the premises is a good house, kitchen, and barn; and an excellent spring of wa- ter near the door; to which is added, fifteen acres, or thereabouts, of salt marsh, on the Rariton, about one mile from the farm.
This place is well known by the name of CLAWSON'S FARM.
For terms of sale enquire of Mr. Joseph Bindon, merchant, New-York, or Ben- jamin Thompson, near Morris-Town. New-York, Jan. 24, 1788. 99—e.d.
Just PUBLISHED, and to be Sold at this OFFICE, No. 25, Water-street,
The American Calculator, or Counting-House COMPANION, CONTAINING,
A TABLE, ascertaining the value of sundry coins in gold, as regulated by the Chamber of Commerce in this city, and shewing at one view, their value in the several currencies of New-York, North-Carolina, and Great-Britain. A Collection of Tables, shewing, at one view, the amount of any number (under 10,000) of Dollars, French and English Crowns, Half Joes, French and English Guineas, &c. as they pass through the United States, a Table of Guineas, as they pass in England and Ireland. Rules for the ready reducing the curren- cies of the United-States, from the currency of one state into the currency of any other of the United States; and for reducing the currencies of the United-States into sterling, and sterling into the cur- rencies of the said states. Rules for reducing Eng- lish Money into Irish, and Irish Money into Eng- lish, according to the par of exchange between both kingdoms. Five different tables of the coins of the United-States of America, agreeable to a resolve of Congress of the 8th August, 1787, viz. a Table of Half Dollars, a Table of Dimes, a Table of Cents, and a table of Mills; calculated to render familiar the proper mode of counting said Money.
This Book is intended for the convenience of Merchants, &c. in the United States, by Francis Haley , Accountant.
Price 1s. 6d. single. The usual discount to Booksellers, and others, who may purchase by the Hundred, Dozen, &c.
** Also may be had of Messieurs Campbell, Reid, Allen, Macgill, and Mills, Booksellers.
FLAX-SEED,
STORED, Cleaned, Purchased and Sold at HARTELL and WOODWARD'S Flax-seed store lately occupied by Mr. JACOB SARLY, last by Mr. Nash, between Van Zandt's and Murray's Wharves. 98—e.d.
Just Published, Enlarged, and Improved, And to be SOLD, by S. and J. Loudon, Messrs. Berry & Rogers, Mr. Hodge, Mr. Reid, Mr. S. Campbell, Mr. T. Allen, and Mr. T. Green- leaf,
The American Magazine, For APRIL, 1788.
CONTAINING, ORIGINAL LETTERS, The life and amusements of Isaac Bic- kerstaff, junior, continued, Memoirs of Mrs. Inchbald, concluded, Some account of the Scarcity Root, con- cluded,
A letter from Dr. Stiles, The Adventure of the Inn, continued, Answers to the Law Questions in the Ma- gazine for February,
Letter from Dr. Mitchell to Mr. Post, A Series of Original Letters, Original Letter from an Officer in the late Army to his Brother,
Education—the importance of accommo- dating the mode of it to the Form of Go- vernment, Essay on Snuff-taking, by Earl Stanhope, Account of Sophia Hoffman, the infant Mu- sician,
An account of a patriotic Society of Ladies established in Spain,
Lucubration on Beards, Letters, Origin of the Romance called Robinson Crusoe,
Importance of Time, Medical Case of a wounded Nerve, All Men have their Bones,
A Tribute of Sensibility, Extracts from ancient Records,
A Sentimental Fragment, A true Story,
Affected Sensibility, Narrative of the loss of the Rebecca Sloop at White-Haven, Nov. 5, 1787,
Curious Extracts from an old Manuscript, Alphonzo,
The English Critical Review of Mr. Bar- low's Vision of Columbus,
AMERICAN REVIEW, Federalist, continued,
An address to the People of New-York, Another address to the same,
A new and complete System of Arithmetic, by Nicholas Pike, A. M.
POETRY. Alexis,
Fragment of a Poem written by a Madman on Madness,
Lines by a Lady of fifteen, Happiness to be found in the Mind only,
From a Gentleman to a Lady, who had pre- sented him a Cake-heart,
Ode to Spring, Epitaph on the late Boyle Godfrey.
American Intelligence, European Intelligence, Marriages and Deaths.
This Day is published, And to be sold by the PRINTER hereof, and by ROBERT HODGE, No. 237, Queen Street,
THE PRINCIPLES OF THE
Latin Grammar,
EXPLAINED in a manner suited to the Capacity of Beginners; with Notes and Observations calculated for those who have made proficiency in the Classics.
By JAMES HARDIE, A. B. Teacher of the GREEK and LATIN Languages, NEW-YORK.
WE, the PRESIDENT and PROFESSORS of COLUMBIA COLLEGE, whose names are hereunto subscribed, do certify, that we have ex- amined a new publication, entitled " The principle of the Latin Grammar explained ," &c. by JAMES HARDIE, and that we find it an accurate and judicious compilation, well calculated for the in- struction of youth in the rudiments of the Latin language; and such as may be useful even to those who have made considerable progress therein. We therefore recommend it to all who are intrusted with the care of education, and particularly to the teachers in the different schools of this state.
W. SAMUEL JOHNSON, President, WILLIAM COCHRAN, Professor of Lan- guages,
JOHN DANIEL GROS, Professor of (Moral Philosophy and Geography,
JOHN KEMP, Professor of Mathematics and (Natural Philosophy.
S H R U B,
Of the very best Quality, by the Hoghead, Bar- rel, or smaller Quantity,
FOR SALE by Charles Tillinghast,
At his House, nearly opposite the New-Market in Cherry-street.
Just published by M. CARY, Philadelphia, and now to be SOLD, By THOMAS ALLEN, Book-Seller, in Queen-street, New-York, (by whom Subscriptions are received)
THE American Museum, For MARCH, 1788.
CONTAINING, OBSERVATIONS upon an hypothesis for solving the phenomena of light; with inci- dental observations, tending to shew the hetero- geneousness of light, and of the electric fluid, by their intermixture, or union, with each other By James Bowdoin, Esq.
Observations on light, and the waste of matter, in the sun and fixed stars, occasioned by the con- stant efflux of light from them; with a conject- ure, proposed by way of query, and suggesting a mean, by which their several systems might be preserved from the disorder and final ruin, to which they seem liable, by that waste of mat- ter, and by the law of gravitation. By the same gentleman.
Observations tending to prove, by phenomena, and scripture, the existence of an orb, which sur- rounds the whole visible material system; and which may be necessary to preserve it from the ruin, to which, without such a counterbalance, it seems liable, by that universal principle in matter, gravitation. By the same gentleman.
A theory of lightning and thunder storms. By An- drew Oliver, Esq. Address to the minority of the convention of Pennsylvania.
A view of the principles, operation, and probable effects of the funding system of Pennsylvania— together with some observations on the effects of sinking fund.
Speech of an Indian. Extract from the memoir of the abbe de Com- merell, on the culture, use and advantages of the disete or scarcity root.
I. The time and manner of sowing the seed.
II. Preparation of the ground for transplanting the roots.
III. Time and manner of transplanting the roots.
IV. The first gathering of the leaves, and the cul- ture of the roots.
V. The product of the leaves.
VI. Their use for cattle.
VII. Their use for men.
VIII. The gathering of the root.
IX. The choice of roots to be reserved for seed.
X. The time and manner of replanting the roots to bear seed.
XI. The gathering of the seed, and manner of preserving it.
XII. The way to prevent the roots from degener- ating.
XIII. How to preserve the roots from Novem- ber to the end of June.
XIV. The dimensions of the trenches.
XV. Necessity and manner of making air holes.
XVI. How to prepare the roots for feeding bea- sts.
XVII. ——— for feeding horned cattle.
XVIII. ——— for feeding horses.
XIX. Daily allowances for different bea- sts.
XX. How to fatten beeves.
XXI. Quantity that may be raised from an acre.
XXII. Advantages of this culture.
XXIII. How to raise calves weaned at twelve days old.
On the use of oxen in husbandry.
Account of the planet Herschel.
The old bachelor.
Letters to Congress.
Advantages of newspapers.
Anecdote of Sir Joseph Yorke.
——— of an impostor.
——— of George Whitefield.
Bon mot.
An elegy on lieut. de-Hart.
An ode—— to Laura.
A song—— from the French.
Epitaph on Alex. Scammel.
Impromptu.
Genius of America.
The monkey—— a fable.
The banks of Kentucky.
AT THE TANNERY,
Near the Fresh-Water Pond,
MAY be had of the subscriber,
a quantity of excellent SOLE and UPPER-
LEATHER, tanned in the English mode, equal
to any manufactured in America. He proposes
for country dealers, to supply on terms that will
enable them to make large profits;—— for city
consumption, such as will establish the Shoe Manu-
factories, and procure them a run of custom——
for ships' use, as good in quality, as that imported
from England, and at a much less price.
Cash, Bark, raw Hides or Calve Skins taken in
exchange. ISAAC COULTHARD.
N. B. A Currier, Master of his Business is
wanted immediately—Apply as above. 40
I. Greenwood,
SURGEON DENTIST,
No. 109 Water-street, opposite the Coffee-House,
Performs all Operations incident to the
TEETH and GUMS,
Transplants Natural, and Substitutes
ARTIFICIAL TEETH.
And attends abroad upon sending directions.
The PROPRIETORS of the New-York and Philadelphia NEW LINE
***** *STAGE AND FOUR HORSES.* *****
STAGES,
Owned by Cumming & Ward, at Newark, and by Michael Dennison, in Philadelphia,
RESPECTFULLY inform their friends and the public, that their Stages leave Powles- Hook every afternoon (except Saturday) at 4, on their route for Philadelphia, proceed by Newark to Elizabeth Town that evening—Leave Elizabeth Town, and Michael Dennison's, George Inn, Phi- ladelphia, at three o'clock every morning, except Sunday, and drive to Philadelphia and Powles Hook that day.
On Monday the 21st of April an extra Stage will start for the accommodation of select parties, and those gentlemen and ladies who wish to indulge themselves in the morning, or who fear the bad effects of the early air. This stage will leave Pow- les Hook at seven o'clock, and Philadelphia at eight o'clock every morning (except Saturday and Sun- day) and proceed with the same speed as the early stage.
The expence of the stage to each passenger will be Three Spanish Milled Dollars from Powles-Hook to Philadelphia, and Four-pence per mile for all way passengers. One hundred and fifty weight baggage the same as a passenger—Fourteen weight of bag- gage gratis.
The expedition, lowness of fare, and certainty of arrival, must convince the public, that this route of preferable to the Amboy, as the journey is per- formed in half the time.
Letters, Newspapers, &c. left at the New- York, Albany, and Philadelphia stage office, kept by Christopher Beekman, in Courtlandt-street, New- York, and with Mr. Michael Dennison, at the George Inn, corner of Arch and Second-street, Philadelphia, will be safely conveyed gratis.
JOHN CUMMING, MATTHIAS WARD, THOMAS EGBERT, JOHN GULICK, ROBERT STOCKTON, DAVID HAMILTON, JOS. VANDEGRIFT, JOSEPH DAVIS. MICHAEL DENNISON.
April 11, 1788. 67 e.d.
New-York, Elizabeth Town, and
Philadelphia
New Stage Line.
THE frequent neglect of business, by some of the proprietors of the former line of stages, has compelled the subscribers, who were concerned, to withdraw themselves, and to join in establishing a new line. By strict attention to their business—by keeping their coaches and horses in good order—and by employing none but sober drivers, they hope to merit the favors of the public.
The stage will leave Powles-Hook, every after- noon, at 3 o'clock, Saturdays excepted; the stage boats also ply every day from White-Hall to Eli- zabeth-Town Point. From Mr. Crane's, at Eli- zabeth-Town Point, the stage will set out every morning (except Sunday) and run through Bridge town in Raraway, Woodbridge, New-Brunswick, Princeton, Trenton, and Bristol, to the Indian-Queen in Fourth-street, Philadelphia, in one day, for the moderate price of THREE HARD DOLLARS for each passenger, with the allowance of 150 lb of baggage; and all way-passengers at FOUR PENCE per mile.
One hundred and fifty weight baggage the same price as a passenger, viz. Four Pence per Mile, No racing allowed in this line.
JOHN MERCEREAU, JOHN HEARD, CHARLES BASONETT, WILLIAM KERLIN.
JUST PUBLISHED,
And to be SOLD,
By ROBERT HODGE,
No. 237, Queen-Street, and the other BOOKSELLERS,
Conductor Generalis,
OR the office, duty, and authority
of justices of the peace, high sheriffs, under
sheriffs, coroners, constables, goalers, jurymen,
and overseers of the poor. As also, the office of
clerks of assize, and of the peace, &c.
To which are added, several choice maxims in
law, &c. compiled chiefly from Burn's Justice, and several other books on those subjects. By JAMES PARKER, Esq. late justice of the peace in New-Jersey.
Now adapted to these United States. By one of the J U D G E S.
The whole alphabetically digested under the se- veral titles; with a table, directing to the ready finding out the proper matter under those titles.
This book is highly esteemed, and very necessary for gentlemen in the commission of the peace; likewise for every other person who would wish to be acquainted with the laws of the land we live in.

MISCELLANY.
SUNDAY PIECE.
The following observations may be of service to those who suffer their happiness to be often interrupted by their exquisite delicate feelings.
THERE is no one disposition of the human heart, that affords such exquisite pleasure, or pain, as that which we call delicacy. It is the polish of our mind, soled by the least breath, and affected by the slightest touch. A delicate turn of thought, is in some cases, extremely agreeable, it is the sign of a valuable mind (for base metals are not capable of receiving any great degree of polish) but will not go half so well through the world, as that which is more plain and rough. Yet, as there is something in this disposition peculiarly elegant and amiable, people are apt to encourage themselves in it, till, from a grace, it becomes a weakness, and diffuses unhappiness to all around them, who must weigh, with the exactest care, all their words and actions, and it is more than possible, that all their care may not be enough to prevent giving some grievous offence, which they never meant, and which will express itself in perpetual smartnesses, or an eternal flow of tears, according as the constitution of the delicate person inclines to anger or melancholy. In the latter case, it is more unhappy than in the former, for half anger is easily past off; but nobody of good nature, can bear to see a person affected in the most painful manner, by things so trilling, as they may be guilty of every moment, without knowing any thing of the matter. This consideration should make us extremely careful in our behaviour to those amongst whom we live. Perhaps some little inattention of ours may seem a most cruel slight, to one, we never intend to grieve; and oppress a worthy mind with the most melancholy dejection, a careless word, spoken quite at random, or merely by rote, may give a delicate heart the most anxious distress, and those of us, who have the most prudence and good nature say and do an hundred things in our way of talking, about characters we know little of, or behaving towards those to whom we little attend, that have much more grievous consequences than we are aware of. But then on the other hand, we should, in ourselves, most strictly guard against all excess of this delicacy, and though we cannot help feeling things, in the quickest manner, for the moment, we should arm our reason against our feeling and not permit imagination to indulge it, and nurse it up into a misery, for it will certainly occasion misery if indulged. Since an excess of delicacy is the source of constant dissatisfaction, through too eager a pursuit of something every way higher than is to be had.
The person of lively and delicate imagination declines the common routine of comfort and satisfaction, and seeks for happiness in an airy sphere not formed to give it, or pursues misery through a wild and endless maze, which, a every turning, grows more inextricable. By this refined delicacy of sentiment to put ourselves on so different a footing from the rest of the world that it is scarce possible we should ever understand one another, is only vain vexation. In friendships, especially, this excess of delicacy is often of fatal consequence. From hence spring jealousies and suspicions; from hence arise doubts and disquietudes
that know no end, unless it be, that they often quite weary out the patience of the persons whom they are thus perpetually teazing for their affection. I have known instances of this kind, that are sufficient warnings against it.
As for the affairs of common life, they can scarcely go on where every little nicety is to be turned into a matter of importance. I knew a family, good, agreeable, sensible, and fond of each other, to the highest degree; but where each was so delicate, and so tender of the delicacy of the rest, that they could never talk to one another of any serious business, but where forced to transact it all by means of a third person, a man of plain sense, and a common friend to all.
FOR LUCUS! how much constraint and real uneasiness does he suffer from the delicacy that proceeds from having a genius infinitely superior to most he meets with. By having a mind above the low enjoyments of this state of being, he is deprived of many hours of most innocent cheerfulness, which other people are happy in. He has an understanding so fitted for the deepest researches, and the sublimest speculations, that the common affairs and engagements of life seem vastly beneath him—he has a delicacy in his turn of mind, that is shocked every day by the less refined behaviour and conversation of the generality of mankind, and it must be a very chosen society indeed, that he prefers to his beloved solitude.
This disposition gives him a reservedness, that, in another character might pass for pride, as it makes him mix less freely in those companies that he is unavoidably engaged in. However, it has certainly this ill consequence, that it makes his virtues of less extensive influence than they would be, if they were more generally known. He is naturally extremely grave; and, perhaps, with the assistance of reason and experience, which prove the insufficiency of any pleasures or attainments, in this life, to make us happy, this seriousness is heightened, so as to give himself many a gloomy moment, though other people never feel the effect of it by any ill humour or severity towards them. A turn of mind, so superior to any of the common occurrences or amusements of life, can seldom be much affected or enlivened by them. But as so excellent an understanding must have the truest taste for real wit, so no one has a more lively sense of all that is peculiarly just and delicate. These pleasures, however, are little compensations for the much more frequent disgusts to which the same turn of mind renders him liable. Happy, thrice happy are those humble people, whose sensations are fitted to the world they live in!
Those pleasures, which the imagination greatly heightens, it will make us pay dear enough for: since the pain of parting with them will be greatly encreased, in full proportion, not to their value, but to our enjoyment. The world was intended to be just what it is, and for us to distract ourselves with a continual succession of eager hopes and anxious fears, is a folly destructive to our nature, and to the very end of our being.
We are formed for moderate sensations either of pain or pleasure, to feel such degrees of uneasiness only as we are able to support, and to enjoy such a measure of happiness, as we may easily resign, nay thankfully too, when religion has opened the prospect to a
brighter scene, to meet with many troubles and difficulties, which we must get over, as well as we can, to converse with creatures imperfect, like ourselves, and to bear with all their imperfections. It seems, then, that the only way of passing through life as we ought, is to place our minds in a state of as great tranquillity as is consistent with our not becoming stupid.
SPECULATION.
OBJECTS in general look best at a distance. There is scarcely any thing that does not lose much of its excellence in our estimation, on a near approach, or intimate acquaintance: one reason for this may be, that good qualities are more brilliant, their lustre extends farther, and they make a greater impression on the mind, than bad ones. Good characters are remembered longer than bad ones: the memory of the good man flourishes, while the very name of the bad one is lost in perpetual darkness. The virtues of a man who is lodged in the silent grave, are much better remembered by posterity than his vices: were I to assign a reason for this, I should mention one in favor of the dignity & worth, in opposition to the notion of the total depravity of human nature; it is because mankind in general have a better relish for good than they have for evil; and consequently they speak oftener of the worthy, than they do of the unworthy actions of others. Hence arises the common observation, that mankind are progressively advancing in wickedness: but if mankind in fact had degenerated so fast, from generation to generation, as some of our teachers would persuade us, surely the world long ago would have been overwhelmed and destroyed by the sweeping inundations of wickedness. But notwithstanding all the noise and declamation that has sounded in the ears of one generation after another, from the earliest periods of human existence to the present day, the world remains as it was of old, and perhaps there is not a less share of happiness enjoyed by the present generation, than there was by those who lived in far distant and earlier ages. The fact is, we remember the prosperity, but forget the adversity, of our ancestors; we discover the splendour of their virtues, while their vices are hidden from our view. Undoubtedly vice as well as virtue was practised in early times; well then might an inspired writer reprove the too bitter complaints of degeneracy in modern days, by telling those who enquire into the reason, "that the former times were better than these—that they did not enquire wisely concerning these things." As it is with times, and generations of mankind, so it is with individuals. The nearer we approach to a man, and the more intimate we become with him—here my heart sinks at the sentiment, nature feels deprest at the idea, but still I believe it to be true, that—the more intimate we become with a man, the less does he appear in our estimation. He appears less in almost every respect, less in point of natural abilities, less in respect to acquired accomplishments, and less in respect to the purity and perfection of his morals. How many are there who now constitute a part of the circle of our present acquaintance, and appear to us to be men of but moderate abilities and small acquirements, who a few years past, before we were intimately connected with them, we supposed were men of unfathomable knowledge?—The principle may be applied to countries with equal propriety. New settlements are always too highly recommended: if the country lies at a distance from us, we hear only of its excellence; its inconveniences are left to be learned by experience, and too often that experience proves fatal to the too credulous mind. In the primeval state there was a garden of Eden; we in modern times cannot divest our minds of the idea of paradisaick scenes; we conceive they must be somewhere: every one perceives that they are not to be found within the circle of his knowledge; he is therefore for roving abroad, and wandering at a distance. But stop, thou restless wanderer! this garden cannot be found but in thy own bosom; there plant the seeds of contentment, and there then mayest thou hope to find the flowery paths and luxuriant fruits of paradise. The heart is the soil which alone can produce felicity; that is the country; that is the climate, in which alone thou canst ever find the Garden of Eden. If it be not there, in vain wilt thou seek for it in the rough climate of Nova-Scotia, or in the milder regions of the Ohio.
Foreign Intelligence.
L O N D O N, March 8.
MR. SHERIDAN was on Wednesday's debate particularly happy in his remark, that by the adoption of the minister's declaratory bill an avenue would be opened to the keeping up a standing army in the east, of such force and for such purposes as
government may deem expedient. It is observed by some political writer, that to know whether a people are free or otherwise it is only necessary to ask, whether there is an army kept among them? Where do the people live in the most abandoned slavery? Why in India, Persia, Morocco, Austria, France, Portugal, &c. and all the minor principalities of Germany and Italy. On the contrary, in these countries, where armies are not kept, the people live in the enjoyment of freedom. In Switzerland, Holland, Geneva, which places are defended by their own burghers, their mercenary troops not being permitted to continue within the seats of their governments. In Poland, Venice, Ragusa, the free towns of Germany, and, till the late reigns, in England and Scotland.
A correspondent who saw in our paper of Wednesday the anecdote of the Spanish Monarch, who was the victim of extravagant punctilio, remembers to have seen in a French publication the following account of Philip the fourth, who was that king's immediate successor. This prince was one day on an hunting party, and overtaken by a violent storm of rain and hail. None of his attendants had the presumption to think of accommodating the king with a cloak; and he was so exceedingly wet, before the officer could be found who carried his own, that he caught in consequence a most severe cold, which brought on a violent and dangerous fever, from which he escaped with the greatest difficulty.
Lord North was attempting not long ago to argue how much party spirit had subsided in him—as a proof of it, added his lordship—"However Col. Barre and I may have formerly disagreed, I believe no two men now would be more glad to see each other!"
American Occurrences.
S A V A N N A H, April 24. A CORRESPONDENT observes, that, among the many advantages resulting from a free government, none are more eminently distinguished than the liberty of the press, it being a vehicle through which intelligence is universally conveyed, through which a great part of the business of civilized society is transacted, and science and knowledge generally communicated; yet those are but secondary benefits when compared with the important questions of more public utility that are by this means discussed, whereby the great principles of political and social happiness are disseminated among the people at large, warning them against the snares of tyrants, and the misery and degradation of the human mind, under the rod of oppression, and urging them to a regard for those obligations that bind society together for the mutual benefit of its members.
So far will the politician and patriot, thro' the medium of the press, interest himself in the welfare of his fellow beings, whilst the moralist, no less useful and attentive, will guard mankind against the insidious and secret, but surer, advances of private vices; and encourage and persuade, by every means in his power, the pursuit of virtue; detecting the former in its most specious garb and private recesses, and storming it, as it were, in its out works and strong holds, while he holds up the latter to public view in the superior lustre of its own native charms.—But mark the contrast! Let the press descend from these necessary and great moral objects, and it is immediately seen teeming with the impertinent frivolity of private quarrels and the indecent language of Billinggate abuse. Matters with which the public have no concern are impudently thrust upon them, and detraction and slander send abroad all their contagion and artillery, not only to blast and wound the peace and reputation of individuals, but to corrupt the principles of the community, and destroy the bands of public as well as domestic happiness. But it does not always happen that the same effect will flow from the same cause; for the influence of vice is frequently proportioned to the respectability of the vicious, so that, if the latter want weight, the former will want momentum, and precept and example will, at least in one instance, be thrown away for the benefit of mankind, while the detracted is shielded from the envenomed shafts of detraction by the insignificance of the detractor—for who will regard the clamours and abuse of one who is himself a reproach to society—whose daily practices are daily violations of government, law, decency, and decorum, and whose situation in society is perhaps so contemptible and desperate as to make life itself burthensome to him. The least warning of the faithful massiff will instantly alarm the family, whilst the yelpings of the pert cur will scarce vibrate on the organs of the ear. Nay, it sometimes happens, either from the stupidity or hardness of slanderers, that they are defeated in their views by a degree of candour, which has its origin from no moral principle, and was never intended by them to operate as it does; however, "to give the devil his due," whenever this is the case, the cause will not be examined into while the effect is so happy and the public will at least be thankful for his fortuitous but fortunate method of re-

eveng them from the insulting rehearsals of private animosity.
Upon the whole, then, does it not seem reasonable that the proprietors of presses should be protected by some efficient law for refusing to publish any thing whatsoever of a private and personal nature, and only tending to give vent to the malicious rancour of the foolish and wicked?
New-York, May 10.
ON Thursday last arrived here the brig How. Coffin, from St. Croix.
Cleared at the Custom-House, New-York, May 5. Sloop Charles, White, Norfolk; sloop Mary, Ingram, Bermuda; sloop Sally, Williams, Bermuda; sloop James, Pot-ta, Egg-Harbour.
May 6. Sloop Polly, Webb, Hartford; sloop Columbia, Platt, Port-au-Prince; sloop Mary, Campbell, Jamaica.
May 7. Brig Mary, Howland, Falmouth; sloop Rambler, Dalson, Edenton.
May 8. Sloop St. Maria, Lavellete, St. Augustine.
At the last Supreme Court, which adjourned on the 30th ult. John Taylor and Edward Griffen, were respectively convicted of grand larceny; and Margaret Taylor, convicted of felony, in receiving stolen goods, feloniously taken by the said Taylor and Griffen, respectively prayed the benefit of clergy, which was granted by the court; and each of them respectively was branded in the brawn of the left thumb.—And William Fall, convicted of breaking and entering the sloop Seaflower, with intent to commit a felony, was re-committed to gaol, and adjudged to be whipped at the public whipping post.
Circuit Courts are appointed to be held at the times and places following, viz.
At the court-house in Kingston, in Ulster county, on the first Tuesday in June.
At the court-house in Poughkeepsie, in Dutchess county, on the second Tuesday in June.
And at the court-house in Goshen, in Orange county, on the second Tuesday in July.
The 30th day of April is the Test Day, for proceeds in this vocation.
I WISH to assemble together the opinions and reasonings of philosophers, politicians, and historians, who have taken the most extensive views of men and societies, whose characters are deservedly revered, and whose writings were in the contemplation of those who framed the American constitutions. It will not be contested, that all these characters are united in Polybius, who, in a fragment of his sixth book, translated by Edward Spelman, page 391, at the end of his translation of the Roman Antiquities of Dionysius Halicarnassensis, says: "It is customary to establish three sorts of governments; kingly government, aristocracy, and democracy: upon which one may very probably ask them, whether they lay these down as the only forms of government, or as the best; for in both cases they seem to be in an error, since it is manifest, that the best form of government is that which is compounded of all three. This is founded not only in reason but in experience, Lycurgus having set the example of this form of government in the institution of the Lacedæmonian commonwealth."
Six kinds of government must be allowed: kingly government and monarchy, aristocracy and oligarchy, democracy, and the government of the multitude.
Lycurgus concluded, that every form of government that is simple, by soon degenerating into that vice that is allied to it, must be unstable. The vice of kingly government is monarchy; that of aristocracy, oligarchy; that of democracy, rage and violence; into which, in process of time, all of them must degenerate. Lycurgus, to avoid these inconveniencies, formed his government of one sort, but united in all the advantages and properties of the best governments; to the end that no branch of it, by swelling beyond its due bounds, might degenerate into the vice which is congenial to it; and that, while each of them were mutually acted upon by opposite powers, no one part might incline any way, or out-weigh the rest; but that the commonwealth, being equally poised and balanced, like a ship or a waggon, acted upon contrary powers, might long remain in the same situation; while the king was restrained from excels by the fear of the people, who had a proper share in the commonwealth; and on the other side, the people did not dare to disregard the king, from their fear of the senate, who, being all elected for their virtue, would always incline to the justest side; by which means, that branch which happened to be oppressed, became always superior, and, by the accessional weight of the senate, out-balanced the other. This system preferred the Lacedæmonians in Liberty longer than any other people we have heard of ever enjoyed it.
Marrried, Thursday evening last, by the Rev. Dr. Livingston, Mr. PHILIP H. LIVINGSTON, son of Philip Phil. Livingston, Esquire, deceased, to Miss MARIA LIVINGSTON, eldest daughter of the Hon. Walter Livingston, of the Manor of Livingston, and one of the Commissioners of the Board of Treasury.
THEATRICAL INTELLIGENCE. On Thursday evening last were performed, at the theatre in John-street [Comedy] The School for Wives [Interlude] A Grand Musical Fete [Entertainment] The East-Indian.
Neither of these pieces had been performed in this city. Their novelty, together with the general wish to patronise the distinguished theatrical merits of Mrs. Morris, to whose emolument the night's benefit was appropriated, produced a crowded house, particularly of the brilliant: a perspective of the side boxes was really enchanting.—The merits of the first piece could hardly be discovered. The idea of the author, of introducing a School for wives, is excellent; but how far this performance is calculated to instruct that most amiable part of creation, may be better ascertained at another representation. Patience, under the distresses accidental of conjugal infidelity, is doubtless an extreme virtue—but, the retrospect is a Jad one, and their appears to be a kind of vide in the author's imagination which is unpardonable.—The leading characters in this play were so well supported that the several performers of them were greatly applauded.
The Musical Fete gave pretty generally satisfaction. Talla-ho, by Mrs. Morris, and the Taylor done over, by Mr. Wignell, produced roars of applause; and the scene of the stage and hounds pleased exceedingly.
The East-Indian, was a Romance of an Hour!—Without observing on the merits of this piece, we only say, that it was well performed.
***** BARIRON. A few Tons of Pennsylvania refined Waggon and Chair Tire FOR SALE, By James Shuter, No. 189, Water-Street. New-York, May 9, 1788. 90—91
Just Published, And to be sold by R. Hodge, T. Allen, S. Cambell, J. Reid, and S. Loudon, booksellers, and by the printer hereof,
AN ADDITIONAL NUMBER OF LETTERS FROM THE FEDERAL FARMER TO THE REPUBLICAN,
Leading to a fair examination of the system of government, proposed by the late convention, and to several essential and necessary alterations in it; and calculated to illustrate and support the principles and positions laid down in the preceding letters.
The former letters, published under the signature of the Federal Farmer, have undergone several impressions in the different states, and several thousands of them have been sold. They are admitted, by candid men of both parties, to be written with a spirit of moderation and candour.
A number of principles are laid down in them, highly interesting to the people of America, which ought to be more fully illustrated, than the bounds which the author set to himself, in the former letters, would permit.
The design of these additional letters, is, more fully to explain and enforce the positions laid down in the former. The author does not aim to foment the passions; his appeal is to the reason of his readers. He wishes every man to examine for himself, and form his own opinion on the merits of the question.
There are very few dispassionate men, who do not wish to see amendments made to this system. The great drift of these additional letters, is, to point out what these amendments ought to be, and to adduce arguments to support them.
It is a matter of small importance, whether these amendments precede or succeed the adoption of the constitution, so that they be made.
It is hoped, therefore, that gentlemen who are sincere in declaring that they wish for amendments, will unite in turning their attention to the subject, that they may be prepared to accede to such as are proper.—To those who are thus disposed, this publication is recommended.
JUST IMPORTED, In the Ship JUNO, from Havre-de-Grace, and ships PHILADELPHIA and GRACE from Amsterdam,
And to be SOLD at the STORE No. 191 Queen-street, opposite Beekman's-Ship, By DE LUZE DE MONTMOLLIN, and COMPANY,
A general Affortment of DRY GOODS, Consisting of the following ARTICLES, viz CHINTZES, Kid Gloves, Callicoes, Ribbons, Lutestrings, Hair Ribbons, Cambricks, Watches, Silk Hose, Umbrellas, &c. Also, to be sold at the above Store, Handkerchiefs, Persians, and Sarinets.
WHEREAS RICHARD BAYLIS, of Goshen, in the county of Orange and late colony of New-York, for securing the payment of one hundred and fifty-one pounds eight shillings and six-pence, current money of the state of New-York, with lawful interest for the same according to the condition of a certain bond or obligation bearing date the twenty-fifth day of June, 1771, and executed by the said Richard Baylis to John Leake, of the city of New-York, did by indenture of lease and release, bearing date respectively the twenty-fourth and twenty-fifth days of June, in the said year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventy-one, mortgage to the said John Leake: All that certain piece or parcel of LAND, situate, lying and being in Goshen, in the county of Orange, known by being part of lot No. 6, beginning at the south east corner of the lands conveyed by Ebenezer Holly to Josiah Seely, then running north westerly along said Seely's land, and land of Ebenezer Holly, to a ditch on the south side of said Holly's meadow, thence south westerly along said ditch to Benjamin Gale's lands, thence south-easterly along said Gale's land and the land of Jeremiah Coleman to the high way, then along the high way to the place of beginning; containing seven acres, to have and to hold, the said tract of land with the appurtenances thereby intended to be granted, and released; and every part and parcel thereof, and the reversion and reversions, remainder and remainders thereof, unto the said John Leake, his heirs and assigns, to the only proper use and behoof of the said John Leake, his heirs and assigns for ever.—In which said indenture of release is contained a covenant, that in case it should so happen that the said sum of one hundred and fifty-one pounds eight shillings and six-pence, with the interest, or any part thereof should remain due and unpaid on the 24th day of June then next ensuing the date of the said indenture of release, then and in such case it should and might be lawful for the said John Leake, his heirs and assigns to sell the said tract of land and premises thereby granted, or any part thereof, at Public Vendue, or otherwise, as to him or them shall seem meet to any person or persons for such sum or sums of money as might be reasonably had for the same, and out of the monies arising by the sale thereof to retain and keep in his hands the said sum of one hundred and fifty-one pounds eight shillings and six-pence, and the interest that might be due thereon, together with the costs and charges of such sale or sales, rendering the overplus, if any there should be, to the said Richard Baylis, his executors, administrators, or assigns, which sale or sales so to be made by virtue of the said indenture of mortgage should be, and hereby were declared to be a full and absolute perpetual bar, both in law and equity, against him the said Richard Baylis, his heirs, executors, and administrators, and all claiming under him, and of all benefit and equity of redemption of the premises or any part thereof:—And whereas the said John Leake, in and by a certain instrument in writing under his hand and seal duly executed, bearing date the twelfth day of April, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-six, did assign, transfer, and set over unto Coe Gale, of the county of Orange and state of New-York, merchant, the aforesaid bond and mortgage, and all monies due and to grow due thereon, together with all the right, title, and interest of him the said John Leake, of, in, and to the said mortgaged premises:—And whereas the whole of the principal sum, together with a great arrear of interest still remains due and unpaid—These are therefore to give notice to all persons interested in the said premises, that unless the said one hundred and fifty-one pounds eight shillings and six-pence, together with the interest due and to grow due thereon, is paid and discharged on or before the sixth day of November next, the said mortgaged premises will be sold at PUBLIC VENDUE, to be held on the premises, on the said sixth day of November next, at eleven o'clock in forenoon of the same day, pursuant to the directions of a certain act of the legislature of the late colony of New-York, entitled, "An act for the more effectual registry of mortgages, and for securing the purchasers of mortgaged estates," passed the nineteenth day of March, one thousand seven hundred and seventy-four. COE GALE. New-York, April 7, 1788. 67 th.&1.6m.
FRANCIS DURAND, NO. 15, QUEEN-STREET, Has FOR SALE, imported in the French Packets,
The following ARTICLES, viz. CAMBRICKS, and Superfine French Broad Lawns, Cloths, Scarlet, Blue Umbrellas of different &c. &c. sizes, Thread Laces and Edg- Lyon's quilted Satins, ings, Men's black and white Black Silk Laces, Silk Hose, White and coloured Women's white do. Women's Kid Gloves Black Modes, yard wide Chintzes, &c. Best assorted Ribbons, New-York, April 25, 1788. 99 e.d.1m
James M. Hughes, Has removed his OFFICE From No. 24, Golden-Hill, to Water-street, near the Coffee-House, No. 197. May 2, 1788. 15—e.d. 15 d. W A N T E D, A SPECIE BILL On PHILADELPHIA, For the Sum of Thirty-Five Pounds PENNSYLVANIA CURRENCY, Payable at sight, or in five days.—Enquire of the PRINTER. New-York, May 7, 1788. 89 e.d.
Mrs. WATERS HAS removed to Peck-Ship, No. 1, where she continues the business of washing Silk Stockings, and other nice articles, in the usual manner, in which branch she has always given satisfaction. New York, May 7, 1788. 89 e.d.
THEATRE.
By the Old AMERICAN COMPANY. ON MONDAY EVENING, being May 12. Mrs. Harper's Night. Will be presented, A COMEDY, (Never performed here) CALLED
The INCONSTANT: OR
The Way to win him. Between the PLAY and FARCE, A Grand Musical Fete,
With a Variety of Picturesque SCENERY and DECORATIONS; Scene 1st, A Winter Piece. The celebrated Skating Duet, Messrs. Harper & Hallam. Scene 2d, A Rural Scene with a Cottage, Song "Auld Robin Gray," Mrs. Sewell. Scene 3d, Song, "Tally ho," Mrs. Morris. Scene 4th, Comic Song, "Taylor done over," Mr. Wignell.
To conclude with an Attack upon a Spanish Fort by the Algerine Fleet, the Arrival of the Fleet of Spain, and a general Engagement, in which the Algerines are totally defeated by Fire-Ships, Bombs from the Fort, and blowing up their Vessels.
To which will be added, Love in a Camp, or, Patrick in Prussia. End of the FARCE,
The Picture of a Play-House, OR, Bucks have at ye All. By Mr. HARPER.
New invented Patent Composition FAN-LIGHTS.
ARCHER & NEWMAN, Painters, Plumbers, and Glaziers, At No. 199, Water-Street, opposite the Coffee-House,
PRESENT their most respectful compliments to their friends, and the public in general, and acquaint them, that House, Sign, Ship Painting, and Plumbing are done in the neatest manner, and at their reduced prices; Mahogany Graining to its perfection, with Marble, &c.—Likewise, Distemper or Water Colouring, agreeable to the Italian mode, on Ceiling, Wall, or any other Work, new or old, in any colour, and warranted to stand equal to oil.—Also, makes the New invented Patent Composition Fan Lights, neatly ornamented, more elegant and durable than any yet offered in this country, and at a moderate price.
N. B. Orders from the Country punctually attended to. New-York, May 8, 1788. 89—m.th.&c.
To the PUBLIC. CAPTAIN MACPHERSON, agreeable to his advertisement, finished his Lectures on the first day of May.
But since that time has been desired by some gentlemen to lecture on Electricity, and as he believes he can benefit his fellow creatures, by discovering some new improvements in that branch of natural philosophy, he has engaged the Dancing Assembly Room for six days, to begin on Saturday next, to continue every day for that time (Sundays excepted) from half past four in the afternoon, till half past five.
The public may depend he will discover some things entirely new, both beneficial to his fellow creatures, and diverting, that were never discovered before.
As he means to benefit others, as well as himself, admittance is granted for one quarter of a dollar. May 7, 1788. (80 ed. 31).
PUBLIC NOTICE is hereby given, by the petitioning creditors of Josiah Hazard, an insolvent debtor, to all the creditors of the said Josiah Hazard, that they shall cause, if any they have, before the said honorable Richard Morris, Esq., at his chamber situated the corner of King and Nassau street, city of New-York, by Saturday the 14th day of June next, why an assignment of the estate of the said Josiah Hazard should not be made for the benefit of all his creditors, and he thereupon discharged, agreeable to a law of this state, entitled, "An act for giving relief in cases of insolvency," passed the 9th day of March, 1788.
JOSIAH HAZARD. Dated the 3d day of May, 1788. ed. 6. Petitioning Creditors of JOSIAH HAZARD. WILLIAM HAZARD. ABIGAIL SPICER, FERDINAND LELLA

POET'S CORNER.
A SONG.
By Miss H. M. WILLIAMS. (From the first volume of her poems.)
I. NO riches from the scanty shore, My lover could impart; He gave a boon I valued more--- He gave me all his heart!
II. His soul sincere; his generous worth, Might well this bosom move; And when I ask'd for bliss on earth, I only meant his love.
III. But now from me, in search of gain, From shore to shore he flies: Why wander riches to obtain, When love is all I prize?
IV. The frugal meal, the lowly cot, If blest, my love, with thee! That simple fare, that humble lot, Were more than wealth to me.
V. While he the dang'rous ocean braves, My tears but vainly flow: Is pity in the faithless waves To which I pour my woe!
VI. The night is dark, the waters deep, Yet soft the billows roll; Alas! at every breeze I weep--- The storm is in my soul.
Affize of BREAD.
As Established December 5, 1787. A Loaf of inspected superfine Wheat Flower, weight Two Pounds Five Ounces for six-pence. A Loaf of Rye Flour to weigh One pound Twelve Ounces for three pence.
HIGH WATER.
This Day, May 10. 1h. 5m. Morn.
THOMAS SMITH, BOOT and SHOE MAKER, LEATHER CUTTER, AND CURRIER, Queen-street, No. 179, corner of Beekman or Chapel Street.
BEG leave to inform his friends, and the public in general, that he carries on the above branches in an extensive manner. He makes and sells the following articles, wholesale and retail, viz.
  Gentlemen's best boots with the best English legs and bend-foles, bound with Morocco, 2 12   Gentlemen's best boots turned down tops, best English legs and bend-foles, 2 10 0   Gentlemen's best boots with the best York legs and bend-foles, bound with Morocco, 2 8 0   Ditto best plain, ditto, York legs and bend-foles, 2 4 0   Ditto ditto, with York legs and foles, 2 0 0   Best water boots with bend foles, 2 0 0   Gentlemen's best calf-skin shoes with bound tops, 0 11 0   Mens strong shoes from 8/ to 0 9 0   Ladies best silk shoes, 1 0 0    Ditto ditto, stuff ditto satinets or cali- manco, 0 10 0   Ditto ditto, leather lined and bound, 0 9 0   Ditto do. do. common, 0 8 0   Boys, Girls, and childrens shoes of all kind. 
As also, all kinds of leather whether for shoe makers, fadlers, or harness makers use.—English boot legs, bend-foles as usual.
He wishes to inform the public, that, as he is determined to sell on the most reasonable terms, no credit on any account will be given, except to those of his former customers.
And likewise, that no shoes will be sent to any one for trial, except they be very well known, as he has already suffered too much loss on that account. Country store keepers, and others, will find it to their advantage to deal at the above store, as they can be supplied with upper leathers, foles, half foles, &c. by the dozen, on the most reasonable terms.
Black-ballof an excellent quality for cleaning boots or shoes, wholesale and retail.
N. B. Rough leather taken in and curried on the most reasonable terms. 24—c.d.
TO BE SOLD, At PRIVATE SALE,
A LOT of LAND, SITUATE on City Island, West- chester county, about 20 miles up the East- River from New York.
The above Lot contains eight acres of land, and is well situated for a garden spot, for the supply of this city with vegetables, or tavern for the watermen.
On this lot is a small tenement, with one chimney only, and a never failing spring of fresh water. The excellence of this spot is too universally known, to require any particular description.
It was formerly the property of Mr. Gilead Hunt, who, by a deed of gift, con- veyed it to Mrs. JEMIMA PELL (widow of the late Joseph Pell, of the Manor of Pelham) by whom a good title will be given.—Enquire at No. 25 Water-street.
Just imported in the last Vessels from London and Dublin, and to be SOLD, By HUGH GAINE, At his Printing-Office and Book-Store, at the Bible, in Hanover-Square.
BACON's Abridge- ment, Burrow's, Wilson's, Cowper's, Strang's, Atky's, Brown's, Douglas's, & Black- stone's Reports, Crown Circuit Compa- nion, Hale's Pleas of the Crown, Buller's Nisi Prius, Burrow's Settlement Cases, Clerks Instructor, Law of Awards, Runnington of Eject- ment,
Also the following  BOOKS.
Young's and Cole's Dic- tionary, Clarke's Ovid, Corderii, Erasmus and Introduc- tion, Mai's Cæsar, and In- troduction, Selectæ Profanis, and Veteri, Beza's Testament, Rudiman's Rudiments, Davidson's Virgil, Smart's Horace, Virgil D'ophini, Horace Delphini, Cornelius Nepos, Cæsar's Commentaries, Mair's Sallust, Lilly's & Rigg's Gram- mar, Schrevelius Lexicon, Westminster Greek Grammar, Lucian's Greek and Latin Testament, Homer's Iliad, Heard's Horace, Murphy's Lucian, Johnson's, Entick's, Bailey's, Dyche's, & Penning's Dictionary, Boyer's French Diction- ary, Percin's French Gram- mar, Lowth's Grammar, Elegant Quarto Bibles with Cuts, & without common Prayers, Week's Preparation, New Duty of Man, Trimmer's Sacred Hist- tory, Ambrose looking to Je- sus, Blair's Sermons, Four Fold State, Doddridge's Rise and Progress, Gospel Sonnets, Bunyan's Holy War, Henry on Prayer, Afflicted Man's Com- panion, Drelincourt on Death, Covenant of Grace, Sherlock on Death, Thomas A Kempis, Carroll's and White's Ser- mons, Cruden's Concordance, Confession of Faith, Gardine's Life, Nelson's Devotions, Modern Europe, History of Voltaire by Monk, Sir Richard Steele's Correspondence, Life of T. Otway, Life of Johnson, Swinburne's Travels, Carver's Travels, Robertson's America, Guthrie's History of the World, Sheridan's Life of Swift,
STATIONARY.
Blank Books of every size, The very best sort of Writing Paper, Pens and Quills,
Said Gaine has just published, the best Edition of the Universal Spelling Book, that ever appeared in America or Europe, containing more spelling, and a great variety of matter, not to be found in any other spelling-book whatever. May 6. 88—m.th.4w.
HERMOSO, WILL COVER,
AT Five Dollars the Season, and Four Shil- lings for the Groom, at Mr. Taylor's, who lives about Five Miles from Tarry-Town on the Road to the White-Plains.
Mr. Taylor will pay particular Attention to the Mares, and put them in good Pasture at Two Shillings a Week. New-York, April 5, 1788. 62—c.d.t.f.
To the Friends of Science.
IT has long been the universal wish, that the pub- lic might be furnished with an accurate Geo- graphical and Topographical Grammar of the Uni- ted States.
Geographers of foreign countries, not being pos- sessed of the proper materials, and not equally in- terested in this part of their subject, have filled their accounts of these states with numerous inaccu- racies. It is time these inaccuracies were corrected. We are independent of Great-Britain, and are no longer to look up to her for a description of our own country.
Several gentlemen of abilities, have, in detached pieces, gratified the public with ample and accurate descriptions of several parts of the United States; but no collective description of the whole has been attempted, except in a small duodecimo volume, published by the subscriber in 1784, which, though imperfect on account of the infant state of geogra- phical knowledge in America, was well received by a candid public, and an edition of 1500 copies speedily sold.
This encouragement has determined him to pub- lish again on the same subject. For the purpose of collecting more ample and accurate materials than he formerly possessed, he has travelled through all the states, and has been favoured with the commu- nications of gentlemen well qualified to give infor- mation on so important a subject; and has like- wise established a correspondence with several respecta- ble characters in different states, from whom he has every reason to expect a valuable addition to the materials already collected; yet as all the informa- tion that can be obtained on a subject so extensive, variegated and interlacing, is greatly to be desired, and every man of science may have it in his power to contribute some observations which may be use- ful, the subscriber will feel himself particularly obliged to any gentleman who will be so kind as to furnish him with answers to all, or any of the an- nexed enquiries, viz.
 1. The boundaries and extent of the several states, and the latitudes and longitudes of the principal places.  2. Descriptions of the rivers, their sources, cour- ses, lengths, how far navigable, how high does the tide rise—and what fish do they produce. A des- cription of mountains, lakes, harbours, capes, and bays.  3. General face of the country, an account of its animal, mineral, and vegetable productions, or its natural history. What are the evidences to sup- port the opinion that the flat country in the southern and middle states was formerly occupied by the wa- ters of the ocean, and that the land below the hills and mountains has been made since the flood.  4. Natural and artificial curiosities, caverns, ca- scades, &c.  5. State of commerce, manufactures and agricul- ture, exports and imports, balance of trade. The number of vessels which annually enter at the cus- tom houses in the several sea ports of the United States.  6. Civil divisions of the several states, the num- ber and names of the several districts, counties, and towns, their extent, latitude and longitude, num- ber of inhabitants, and distance and bearing from the capital of the state. Particular descriptions of the principal towns are requested *.  7. Population—from whence are emigrations, to what places, and how numerous. Of what nations are the inhabitants of the states composed, or whence originated—proportion of the slaves.  8. Climate, diseases and their causes—longevity of the inhabitants—what proportion die in infancy.  9. Religion, number of churches of different de- nominations—by what methods are ministers sup- ported.  10. State of the practice of law and physic.  11. Societies for the advancement of science and humanity.  12. State of literature, colleges, academies, schools and their funds.  13. Characters who have distinguished themselves in the late war by their patriotism.  14. An estimate of the damages sustained in the late war, in the several states.  15. A description of the adjacent Islands.  16. Manners, customs, diversions and dress.  17. Constitution, policy—general account of the laws—what political principles predominate in the several states.  18. Military and marine strength.  19. Public revenue and expences—mode of le- vying taxes.  20. Indians, their tribes, languages, numbers, characters and dispositions towards the United States.  21. The society of Cincinnati, their laws and in- fluence and the nature and political tendency of their establishment. 22. History.  N. B. The subscriber wishes to avail himself of the advantage of all the most accurate maps, and detached geographical pieces, which have been published respecting the United States; and will thank any gentleman to inform him where they can be procured.
Those gentlemen, who may be so obliging as to favor the above design, by communications, are re- quested to forward them to Messrs. R. Aitken, or W. Spotwood, Philadelphia; Messrs. Spotwood and Clarke, bookellers, Baltimore; Rev. Mr. Keith, Alexandria; the honorable H. Williamson Edenton, North-Carolina; the honorable D. Ram- say, Messrs. Wright and Co. Charleston; the ho- norable A. Baldwin and Joseph Clay, Esquires Georgia; Samuel S. Smith, D. D. Princeton; Mr. Loudon, Printer, New-York; and the Rev. Samuel Austin, or Jedidiah Morse, New-Haven.
* This enquiry is made for the purpose of col- lecting the proper materials for a Gazetteer of the United States, which makes a part of the general plan in view. It is obvious that a book of this kind, compiled from accurate information, would be exceedingly useful. This might easily be done if one well-informed gentleman, in each town would spend one half hour for the purpose. In this time the gentlemen might throw together ev- ery important circumstance relative to the towns at which they respectively reside.
with their names subscribed, and the places of their residence, that the author may have the pleasure of knowing to whom he is indebt for their friend- ly assistance. JEDIDIAH MORSE.
If the several Printers, in the United States, feel disposed to favor the above design, and will give this Advertisement a place in their respective papers for a few weeks, and will receive and for- ward to New-Haven, any communications which may be handed them by friends to the design, they may thereby contribute to the public good, and will peculiarly oblige their humble servant. Philad. Aug. 7, 1787. J. M.
Remaining on Hand, And TO BE SOLD At this Printing-Office, No. 25, Water-street, A Few MAPS,
Of the interior parts of North-America, includ- ing the lands intended for the NEW STATES, some of which are selling, and others already disposed of by order of Congress.
ORDERS are just received, by the printer here of, to sell these Maps at a much cheaper rate than they have yet been sold. The plates were cut and the impressions taken in London, and there sold (without the pamphlet) at One Guinea each.
To accompany this map, and explanatory of it, with references to it, will be sold, included in the price of the map, a pamphlet, containing 67 large octavo pages, with plates and figures, entitled, a Topographical Description of Virginia, Penn- sylvania, Maryland, and North-Carolina, compre- hending the rivers Ohio Kenhawa, Sioto, Chero- kee, Wabash, Illinois, Mississippi, &c. The cli- mate, soil, and produce, whether animal, vegeta- ble, or mineral; the mountains, creeks, roads, distances, latitudes, &c. and of every part, laid down in the Map.
By THOMAS HUTCHINS, Esq. Late Captain and Engineer in the British army, and now Geographer General to the United States of America. With a plan of the rapids of the Ohio, a plan of the several villages in the Illinois country, a table of the distances between Fort Pit and the mouth of the Ohio, all engraved upon copper.—And an Appendix, containing Mr. Pa- trick Kennedy's Journal up the Illinois river, and a correct list of the different nations and tribes of Indians, with the number of fighting men, &c.
Description of the ILLINOIS COUNTRY.
THE Illinois country is in general of a superior soil to any other part of North America that I have seen. It produces fine oak, hickory, cedar, mulberry trees, &c. Some dyng roots and medici- nal plants;—hops, and excellent wild grapes, and in the year 1769, one hundred and ten hogheads of strong wine, were made by the French settlers, from these grapes. A large quantity of sugar is also annually made from the juice of the maple tree; and as the mulberry trees are large and nu- merous, I presume the making of silk will employ the attention and industry of the settlers, when the country is more fully inhabited than it is at present, and especially as the winters are much more mode- rate and favourable for the breed of silk worms, than they are in many of the sea coast provinces. Indigo may likewise be successfully cultivated.— (but not more than two cuttings in a year) wheat, peas, and Indian corn thrive well, as does every sort of grain and pulse, that is produced in any of the old colonies. Great quantities of tobacco are also yearly raised by the inhabitants of the Illinois, both for their own consumption and that of the Indians; but little has hitherto been exported to Europe. Hemp grows spontaneously, and is of a good texture; its common height is 10 feet, and its thickness three inches (the latter reckoned within about a foot of the root) and with little labour, any quantity may be cultivated. Flax seed has hither- to been only raised in small quantities. There has however been enough produced to shew, that it may be grown to the greatest advantage. Apples, pears, peaches, and all other European fruits suc- ceed admirably. Iron, copper, and lead mines, as also salt springs, have been discovered in dif- ferent parts of this territory. The two latter are worked on the Spanish side of the Mississippi, with considerable advantage to the owners. There is plenty of fish in the rivers, particularly Cat, Carp, and Perch, of an uncommon size.—Savannahs, or natural meadows, are both numerous and exten- sive; yielding excellent grass, and feeding great herds of buffaloes, deer, &c. ducks, teal, geese, swans, cranes, pelicans, turkeys, pheasants, partridges, &c. such as are seen in the sea coast Colonies, are in the greatest variety and abundance.—In short, ev- ery thing, that a reasonable mind can desire, is to be found, or may, with little pains, be produced here. New-York, Jan. 17, 1788. 99 c.d.
Masters & Owners of Vessels
Are hereby informed THAT they may be supplied with cables, large or small, of any length, and cord- age of all sizes, made of Petersburg hemp, first quality, at Ivers's Rope-walk, at the head of Mul- berry-street, the first left hand turn above the Tea- Water Pump, on such favourable terms as to merit the attention of any gentleman that would wish to lay out his money to the best advantage. Cables spliced, with the addition of any length required, white rope of every sort for city or country use, hambro lines, deep sea lines, hand lead lines, log lines, house lines, and marine, &c. &c. by H. IVERS, Rope-maker.
N. B. The above articles, whether in large or small quantities, will be delivered to any part of the city without expence of cartage to the buyer.
Conductor Generalis, To be sold at this Office.
—LETTERS of INTELLIGENCE—occasional PARAGRAPHS—speculative PIECES—ESSAYS, &c.—are gratefully received at this OFFICE.— For the greater CONVENIENCE and SAFETY of which COMMUNICATIONS, a LETTER-BOX is placed in the Window. SUBSCRIPTIONS for this PAPER (printed EVERY DAY, at Six, and ONCE a Week, at Two Dollars, per Annum) are also received here—and ADVERTISEMENTS, REASONABLY INSERTED. * * PRINTING, in all its Variety, Performed with NEATNESS and DISPATCH.