Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1792-08-04 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 19, of Vol. IV.]
SATURDAY, AUGUST 4, 1792.
[Whole No. 431.]
The following Account of GUM ELASTIC, or INDIAN RUBBER, is taken from THE BEE. By Dr. ANDERSON, of Edinburgh.
On the uses that may be made of Coutchou , Elastic Gum , or Indian Rubber , in Arts and Manufactures, with an account of the manner of obtaining and manufacturing it.
THE substance which forms the object of our present disquisition is called Coutchou , by the natives of the country where it is spontaneously produced. It is denominated elastic gum , or elastic resin , by philosophers in Europe; but it is now generally known in the shops by the name of Indian rubber ; a substance that few of our readers are not acquainted with. It is a firm, tough, pliable substance, greatly resembling some kinds of leather; but it possesses a degree of elasticity that cannot be equalled by any known substance in nature. It admits of being stretched out in every direction to an astonishing degree; and when the distending power is removed, it recovers its former shape and appearance. It neither can be dissolved in water, in ardent spirits, in acids, nor alkaline liquors, in the ordinary state of our atmosphere. Oils, in some measure, act upon it; but the vitriolic ether is the only complete solvent of it that is as yet known. It is inflammable, and burns with a clear steady flame, emitting then a slight smell, not at all disagreeable. When exposed to a cold air, it is more hard and rigid than under a milder temperature, but it neither becomes fluid, nor loses its elasticity, till it be exposed to a much more intense degree of heat than is ever experienced in any climate on the globe. It may, however, be melted by a very intense degree of heat; and then it assumes a thick viscid appearance, like some kind of semi-fluid oils. And having once been reduced to that state, it cannot be again made to acquire its former consistence or elasticity.
This substance is now well known to be the inspissated juice of a tree. The natives in those regions where this tree abounds, extract the juice by making longitudinal incisions in the bark. It bleeds freely, and the juice, in a thick state of semi-fluidity, is collected into vessels placed to receive it at the bottom of the tree. It is then, by means of a brush, spread upon moulds prepared for the purpose, and suffered to dry in the sun, or before a fire, which, by evaporating the moisture, soon brings it to the state in which it is sent over to us. By adding successive layers above each other, it may be brought to any degree of thickness wanted; and by varying the form of the mould, it may be made to assume any shape or appearance you incline; which shape, as has been said, it will ever afterward retain, if no distending force be applied to alter it.
From this simple detail of facts, it is easy to see, that the uses to which this substance might be applied in arts and manufactures are innumerable, and such as can be effected by no other known substance in nature. Yet so blind have mankind hitherto been to these advantages, that no attempts have been made in any accessible region where extensive manufactures could be established, either to cultivate the tree that produces it, or to induce the natives to send the juice in its fluid state to Europe, where it could be properly manufactured. All that has been done is, to suffer the natives to mould it into the form of a small kind of bottles, which is found to answer some purpose among themselves; and these, when brought to Europe, are applied to scarcely any other use than being cut to pieces for the purpose of effacing marks made upon paper by a black lead pencil, or that of idly amusing children by stretching it out, and observing how perfectly it again recovers its pristine form, after having been distended to a great length in any direction. We amuse ourselves with the phenomenon without profiting by it, as children used to be amused with the attraction of amber, before the phenomena of electricity were explained.
It is now time, that we should begin to make some use of this very valuable substance, which, probably, a hundred years hence, will administer in a variety of ways to the accommodation of our descendants. With that view, I shall here venture to point out a few of the useful purposes it may be made to answer; not doubting but the invention of men, whenever they can get the materials in their hands in abundance, will discover a variety of other important purposes it will serve, that have not as yet been dreamt of.
1st. This substance so much resembles leather, that it naturally occurs that it might be employed for the purpose of making boots. These would not only admit of being made in the neatest shape that could be imagined, but also, by being impervious to water, or the other corrosive liquors above named, would be sufficient to protect men from wet, though standing in water. For seamen, fishermen and others, who are by their business obliged to wade in water, such boots would be of the greatest utility. The feet and legs might thus be protected from the action of even acids or alkaline substances themselves, wherever that should become necessary.
2d. Gloves of this substance would be so soft and pliable, as to allow the fingers perfect ac-
tion, and in those kinds of business, that require artificers to put their hands among acids or corrosive liquors, they may become highly convenient.
3d. Caps. The uses that might be made of this substance for defending the head from wet, are infinitely various, and might prove highly beneficial. A thin covering of this substance might be made for travelling hats, which, without adding any sensible weight, would be perfectly impervious to wet of any kind. Every other kind of covering for the head, might be thus rendered water tight, merely by giving them a slight coat of coutchou, which would in no sensible degree alter their other qualities. Bathing caps in particular, could thus be made extremely commodious, and at a small expence. This could be done, by covering with a coat of coutchou an elastic stocking cap, which, merely by being pulled tight over the head, would embrace every part of it all round, so as to prevent the entrance of water. The stocking and the covering being equally elastic, they would contract and expand together without any sort of difficulty.
4th. Umbrellas.—Neck-pieces of silk, or other materials, cloaks or travelling coats of any sort, that should be judged proper, could thus be rendered perfectly water tight, without destroying their pliability in the smallest degree. It would only be necessary to cover them with a coat of this soft varnish after they were made, so as to close up the seams. Buckets too, all of canvas, or any other cheap substance, might be made water tight and incorruptible, by merely covering them with this matter. Vessels also for holding water and other liquors, that would not be liable to breakage, might thus be made of any size or shape at a small expence. In short, it would take too much room to attempt to enumerate half the uses that might be made of it in the household way.
5th. In the army and navy, its uses would be still more numerous and important. Tents are an article of very great expence: The canvas for them must be of the very best quality and closest texture; and after all, they are seldom proof against continued rain. At any rate, the vicissitudes of weather soon rot the canvas, and make a new supply in a short time be necessary. Were these tents covered with a coat of this substance, the entrance of rain through it would not only be altogether precluded, but also, the very wetting of the canvas itself would be prevented, and of course its durability be augmented to a tenfold degree. On the same principle, the sails of a ship would not only be made to hold the wind in the most complete manner, but by being covered by a thin coat of it on both sides, the sail cloth itself could never be wetted, and of course, its durability be augmented, while its flexibility would not be diminished. Other uses to which it could be applied in the army and navy, are so numerous, as not to admit of being here specified. It is only necessary barely to mention, that on a military expedition, to have a vessel capable of containing fluids, which, when empty, admits of being wrapped up like a handkerchief and put into the pocket, might on some occasions be of inestimable value; and the same at sea.
(To be concluded in our next.)
The following Pasquinade on the Abbe Maury , it is said appeared in Rome .
"ROME is in mourning. O Pius the sixth, now that you are loading with favors a man, whom religion, learning, and his country equally disavow—deign then to listen to Pasquin , and acknowledge your error. As the organ of public opinion, I am more infallible than yourself—Born of an obscure family, Maury had the baseness to blush at his origin—educated from his youth upwards in the arts of intrigue and hypocrisy, he grew ambitious of the honors of the academy and the wealth of the church. According as either was prosperous he courted the atheistical Alambert or the jesuitical Beaumont . He preached up atheism and calumniated philosophy. Convinced of the weakness of his abilities, he removed his rivals from the sacred tribunal by the most infamous accusations—In the heat of brutality he has endeavored to seize by force the favors of unsuspecting beauty and innocence, and has been known to assume the character of an assassin to be received as a lover.—Decorated with literary titles, obtained by the basest apocrypha, enriched by the wealth of a church he had treated with the blackest ingratitude, till his ambition was unsatisfied: always imitating the serpent, which to raise itself, must creep, he became the defender and patron of slavery, and hired out his pen to a despotic minister—this vile supporter of tyranny was invited by the disaffected clergy of France, to intrude himself among the representatives of a people who are determined to be free, &c.—Such is the portrait of the Abbe Maury .—O Pius, we pardon you, your effeminate luxury, your hypocritical pilgrimages, your insolent profusion and your antichristian policy—but who can, without indignation, see a traitorous Judas elevated to apostolical dignity, and the Roman purple disgraced by a Pope who is only deserving of the purple of the galley slaves."
ON PRIDE.
From the Massachusetts Spy .
"As love of pleasure into pain betrays, So most grow infamous through love of praise."
IT is rather whimsical, if the above aphorism is true, that the motive to action, with the means and acquisition, should so generally reverse each other. Distinction is the object of pride: Infamy its acquisition, when the means are not selected by virtue, nor directed by judgment. It is not difficult to read this truth in common characters—Those whimsical beings, who, through poverty, laziness, or misanthropy, get into the habits of peculiarity in manners and dress, by neglecting, or combating the general opinion and taste of the world, are not only denied its applauses, but meet its reproaches and contempt; and are no otherwise distinguished, than by their distance the wrong way from the favourites of mankind.—This is a broad subject. Perhaps it would be easy to trace all the crimes that disgrace human nature to this one powerful propensity, the love of distinction. This is the real cause why one half of the world is bowed down, and enslaved by the burden and tyranny of the other half—why the lofty towers and the splendid monuments of human glory, have been reared and decorated in one age, and broken down and totally swept away in the next. It will ever be the case, while we value no more the consciousness of merit, than the attributes of it stolen from the world, by false appearances and pretences, that true fame, like the decayed titles of a once valuable and honorable nobility, descended to a degenerate progeny, will depreciate, and lose its original stamp and principles, in the general plunder of envy, ambition, accident and knavery. And the error and evil consequences, in the one case, is a very exact resemblance of them in the other. In both cases, real worth has as little encouragement to expect, as it has of motive to obtain, the distinction of mankind. In a society where this object, so important to its glory and safety, has lost its power to inspire a benevolent, emulative and patriotic disposition, the weak and simple members of it have every thing to apprehend from the cunning and powerful.
Much has been written, and many severe things said, against pride: Yet it is perhaps as necessary a propensity as grows out of human nature. Because I have wounded my finger with my knife, I do not think proper to batter its edge—Neither should the moralist, in zealous revenge for the blood it has spilt, endeavor to eradicate pride from the heart. The object to which it is directed, should be selected by reason, to likewise should the means. And then, like the breeze that fills the sail, or the spur to a dull horse, it adds a stimulator as well as an impetus to progress and acquisition.
FROM THE (NEW-YORK) WEEKLY MUSEUM.
A CURIOUS FACT.
IN the month of June of the present year, a Pea-hen in the Alms-house garden, set on a number of eggs, but whenever she quitted the nest, the Peacock (as their manner is) would destroy some of them, until at length she had left but one. A large house-cat, which much frequented the garden, probably having observed how matters had been conducted, now paid more than ordinary attention, and took it upon her, whenever the hen left the nest, to take her place, and lye spread very broad on the egg, until the hen returned, when she would very orderly deliver up her charge to the natural owner; and so it was, that in the fullness of time, their
united vigilance and care, produced a fine Pea-chick. Now the end Puss had in view, in this curious process of incubation, is submitted to the naturalist, whether she meant to contribute what she could towards the production, or, whether it was to guard the sacred deposits from the depredations of the wanton destroyer.
P. S. Miss, or more properly (since she has a young one) Mistress Puss and the chicken are often seen together in the garden, while the hen at a distance seems apprehensive of no danger, but happy in the confidence of the friendly grimalkin.
PARIS, May 2.
TWO conventional treaties are communicated this day from the minister of foreign affairs to the Assembly, and are decreed; the one with prince Loweintheim, the other with the reigning prince of Salm Salm. These two treaties, when ratified by the National Assembly will serve as an answer to all the host of slanders with which certain powers have affected to stigmatize a great nation, who have vindicated themselves into freedom, and who wish to oppose their enemies with no other weapons than reason and justice.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, May 12.
ON the motion of M. Dumas, it was decreed, that the formation of courts-martial should be left to the Generals who command the different armies.
M. Gaudet made some severe sarcastic remarks on the conduct of M. de la Fayette, and asked whether such a General should have the power of enacting military laws: His remarks, however, were not productive of any effect.
The Minister for the Interior Department said, that Paris was full of foreigners; and that he was greatly alarmed for the safety of the capital, suspecting that some dark delinquents were in agitation, which the present police could not discover.—Referred to the committee of twelve.
Decreed, "That the immense heap of papers and parchments which relate to the Nobility, and collected from various monasteries, &c. and deposited in the Church des Grands Augustins, shall be burned."
M. Huiley de Robecourt said, on the occasion, that the Assembly were a set of Goths— Au feu! au feu! resounded from all parts of the Hall, and the conflagration was accordingly decreed.
M. Carnot, jun. moved, "That the regiment of King's Swiss Guards be no longer in the King's service, but in the service of the Nation; that the National Guard of Honor be responsible to the Nation for the safety of the King's person, and not liable to receive orders from the Officers of the Guards paid by the King."—This motion was adjourned.
Decreed, That the Commanders in Chief shall have the privilege of appointing Commandants of Garrisons, &c. from among the Captains and Officers of superior rank, who, beside the emoluments attached to Commandants, shall still receive the pay, as Officers, according to their rank."
LONDON, May 3.
Revolution in Poland.
This day being the first anniversary of the peaceful and dignified Revolution in Poland, (a Revolution which gave to that country a new, a nobler, and more secure existence among the Nations) a company, consisting of near sixty persons, dined at the Mire-Tavern, Mire-Court, Aldgate, in commemoration of an event which so happily demonstrated the increasing light and liberality of the age.

FRANKFORT, May 1. The Election of the Emperor is fixed for the 4th of July.
COBLENTZ, May 5. The King of Hungary has at last given the answer that the unfortunate Princes have waited for some time—he tells them, that he is not yet chief of the Empire, and that he cannot dispose of any thing, or put them in active service; but that as soon as hostilities shall begin, they shall be so.
May 6. The Elector of Treves, by a formal decree, has ordered all the French Emigrants to quit his Electorate; and has requested the Charge des Affaires of France, resident here, to make his intention known to the French government—his sedulous desire to live on terms of friendship and peace with France, and of his hopes, that the French nation would not, in consequence, attack his dominions.
It was in this electorate, that the head-quarters of the French refugee Princes and Nobles, was established.
MADRID, May 6.
A new order of Nobility was the last week established—It consists entirely of Ladies, patronized by the Queen, and are styled "The Royal order of Queen Maria-Louisa."
Count d'Aranda, the Prime Minister, has conciliated the esteem and confidence of the nation. He endeavours to ameliorate the situation of the numerous victims to the ambition and hatred of his predecessors. Several exiles have been recalled. To judge by exterior marks, our connection with France becomes daily more favorable.
May 8. M. Bourgoing, the new Ambassador of France, has been formally introduced at this Court, and his credentials received.
SWITZERLAND.
May 5. The French troops took possession of Parentine the 29th April, after the Austrians had left it. The people of all degrees welcomed the arrival of the French, with "Vive la nation Francaise," and other expressions of friendship and regard.
BOSTON, July 25.
The French papers the Editor has received, give the latest intelligence from France, yet arrived. They do not however (and they are impartial) contain a word respecting either the late intended flight of the French King, or the miraculous destruction of the 15,000 troops of France, in a third engagement with the Austrians and Russians; which the English papers have been so particular in detailing—and which the American papers have been so faithful in copying. A summary of what they do contain, is—That the National Assembly has been agitated by a suspicion, that there existed in Paris, a club inimical to France, the members of which had access to the Councils of the King, and conveyed information of every measure to Foreign Courts, even before they were divulged in France—That the King had addressed the Assembly on this subject, assuring them, if such a body did exist, of which he was doubtful, that he would take the most efficacious measures to discover its members, and to defeat their machinations. At the same time he cautions the Assembly against being led into intemperate measures, by reports and conjectures spread among them solely to deceive them.—That a decree had been debated for banishing from France, all the Clergy, who do not take the civic oath.—That a census of the inhabitants of Paris was in agitation, in order to discover their occupations, means of subsistence, and probable objects.—That the revolution spirit of the nation had not abated, but daily displayed itself in patriotic gifts and public sacrifices.—That the most effective means appear to be taking to establish a severe discipline in the armies—to effect which, Gen. Rochambeau had been prevailed on, notwithstanding the ill state of his health, to continue his command of the Northern army—and Gen. Luckner to return to his command on the Rhine—And that measures were in train for the most exemplary punish-
ment of the murderers of Gen. Dillon.—In short, notwithstanding the agitation and intemperance of a part of the nation, which discovers itself in many base and impolitic transactions, there appears a cool, determined spirit in the great body thereof, which must rise superior to every disatrous event, and which must eventually establish their glorious Revolution, on the broad and solid basis of due Equality and Freedom.
The Assignats of France, like the "Old Conti" of America, is a thermometer by which we can judge of the state of the nation. On the 22d May, 100 livres in silver, commanded 163 livres in assignats—an inconsiderable depreciation, considering the then situation of the kingdom.
At the close of the poll for the choice of Directors of the Union Bank, on Thursday last, it appeared that the number of votes for each candidate was as follows:—Joseph Blake, 1397; Benjamin Greene, 1348; Nathaniel Fellowes, 1268; Samuel Salisbury, 1252; Moses Gill, 1244; David Greene, 1229; Samuel Brown, 1149; William Smith, 1041; Samuel Blodget, jun. 1041; Perez Morton, 982; Samuel Sewall, 959; Samuel Phillips, 937; Benjamin Austin, jun. 924; Samuel Dexter, jun. 874; John Derby, 735; and Oliver Wendell, 636. The 12 first having the highest number, were chosen.
WORCESTER, July 26.
We have the pleasure of informing the public that the gentlemen who are now in this town, on the survey of a canal from Connecticut river to Boston, have discovered a very natural and easy communication from the Connecticut, by Miller's River to the Nashua, and from thence to Lancaster. It is sincerely wished they may be as successful from Lancaster by this town to Boston. Such a water communication would be as highly dignifying to government as it would be advantageous to the capital of this commonwealth, to the western counties, and the states of New-Hampshire and Vermont.
ALBANY, July 26.
The dwelling-house of a Mr. Brock, near Johnstown, was lately destroyed by fire—when three of his children perished in the flames, and the whole of his house-hold furniture and wearing apparel was consumed.—This very melancholy affair happened in the morning, when neither Mr. Brock nor his wife were at home—she had gone about a mile distance to milk her cows, and when she returned the house was nearly consumed.
The dwelling-house and blacksmith's shop of Mr. Nathaniel Burr, also near Johnstown, was likewise destroyed by fire a short time since, together with 100 dollars in bank bills, which he had a few days before obtained by mortgaging his farm to the loan office, and all his house-hold furniture, wearing apparel and working tools, except two or three articles.
BATH SPRING WATERS.
Several chemical experiments have been made on these medicinal waters, by different medical gentlemen. They agree that the waters contain a neutral salt, which most probably is the vitriolic acid combined with an earth. Further experiment will determine this point with greater certainty. The only ingredients used were nitrated silver, nitrated mercury, lime-water, fixed vegetable and pure volatile alkalies and nutgalls. Evaporation and distillation were had recourse to.
Their operations upon the human body are undoubted. Generally when half a pint is taken a nausea is immediately excited; when larger quantities are drank, they prove laxative with some, to others they act as an emetic, and they generally increase their appetite.
Upon the whole, the gentlemen of the faculty conclude that the waters may be of great service in diseases originating from a redundancy of bile, and relaxations of the stomach and bowels being also a most excellent cold bath, they may be advantageously used in cases of chronic rheumatisms, and of general debility.
ALEXANDRIA, (Vir.) July 26.
On Sunday last the following melancholy accident happened at the
camp near this town. Serj. KEECH, of Capt. Hannah's company, going through the manual exercise with a Corporal, the latter had chanced to take up a musket which, for a particular purpose, had been left loaded. When they came to the fatal words—"Present—Fire"—The Corporal did so, and lodged the contents in the Serjeant's body—which instantly put a period to his existence!
Serjeant KEECH was a young man of great military promise. His zeal for the service—his correct deportment—and exemplary conduct—render his loss a subject of general regret, both in and out of the company.
His remains were attended by his brother soldiers, and interred with such military honors as were in their power. In testimony of the good desert of the deceased, an unusual number of citizens joined in the procession to the burying ground of the Episcopal Church, where a very animated discourse was delivered by the Rev. Mr. PAGE, from the following words:—(1. Corinthians x. 12.)—"Wherefore let him that thinketh he standeth, take heed lest he fall."
BALTIMORE, July 27.
We hear that CHARLES RIDGELEY, Esq. of Hampton, in this county, intends offering himself a Candidate to represent this State in Congress, in the room of SAMUEL STERETT, Esq. who, we are assured, declines serving in the next Congress.
FROM THE NATIONAL GAZETTE.
O D E.
[Note well—the following is to be sung or said, as occasion may require.]
SINCE the day we attempted the NATION'S GAZETTE, Pompous's dull printer does nothing but fret; Now preaching And screeching, Then nibbling And scribbling, Remarking And barking, Repining And whining, And still in a pet
From morning till night with the Nation's Gazette. Instead of whole columns, our page to abuse, Your readers would rather be treated with news; While wars are a-brewing And kingdoms undoing, While monarchs are falling And princesses squalling, While France is reforming And Triflemen storming— In a glare of such splendour, what nonsense to fret At so humble a thing as—the Nation's Gazette!
No favours we ask'd from your friends in the east; On your wretched soup-meagre I left them to feast; So many base lies you have sent them in print, That scarcely a man at our paper will squint: And now you begin With a grunt and a grin. With the bray of an ass, And a village of bras.
With a quill in your hand, and a lie in your mouth, To play the same trick on the men of the south. One National Paper, you think, is enough To flatter and lie, to pallaver and puff; To preach up in favor of monarchs and titles, And garters, and ribbons, to prey on our vitals: Who knows but our Congress will give it in fee, And make Mr. Fenno the grand patentee!
Then take to your scrapers Other national papers— No rogue shall go snacks, And the NEWSPAPER-TAX Shall be puff'd to the skies As a measure most wise— So a spaniel, when master is angry and kicks it, Sucks up to his shoe, and submissively licks it. July 26.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
MR. FENNO,
I am a lover of Poetry—The Editor of the National Gazette has given us your character in verse—Turn about is fair play—I send you his, read done to your hand by a brother Yankee of your's; the author of a paper entitled "Echo"—It has never been published here—It certainly has great merit; and Mr. Fenno's paper will prove that at least the first part of the last couplet has GREAT JUSTICE. Pray give the extract a place in your paper, and oblige, among a thousand others, your friend, IGNORUS.
* SINBAT, the child of Clip and of Trunnion, Who reclosoff verlosche he reclosoff spun-yarn. Sinbat, whole ardnt foul mistook a sail For the broad feathers on a Mule's tail; Who really tho't the boatwains whistle-sound Pegasus whinnying on Parnassian ground; His quarter-deck the song inspiring mount, And cans of grog the pure Castalian fount; Who held for years the pitch-poctic rudder, Came home from sea, kill'd death, and wed the widow.† Sinbat, alike well skill'd in either trade, To flush his vessel's or his master's head: Sinbat, the author, captain, printer, tar, The news-boy's poet and the dog of war, THE BLACK-GUARD'S PATTERN, and the great man's fool, The fawning parasite, and minion's tool."
* Mr. Fenno's poetic signature. † See a poem entitled "The House of Night" by SINBAT.
MR. FENNO,
IT was easy to foresee, when the hint appeared in your Gazette of the 25th July, that the Editor of the National Gazette received a salary from the general government; that advantage would be taken of its want of explicitness and particularity, to make the circumstance matter of merit in Mr. Freneau and an argument of his independent disinterestedness. Such a turn of the business cannot be permitted to succeed. It is now necessary that the whole truth should be told, and that the real state of the affair should be well understood.
Mr. Freneau before he came to this city to conduct the National Gazette, was employed by Childs and Swaine, Printers of the Daily Advertiser in New-York, in the capacity of editor or superintendant.
A paper more devoted to the views of a certain party, of which Mr. Jefferson is the head, than any to be found in this city was wanted—Mr. Freneau was thought a fit instrument; a negotiation was opened with him which ended in the establishment of the National Gazette under his direction.
Mr. Freneau came here at once Editor of the National Gazette, and Clerk for foreign languages in the department of Mr. Jefferson, Secretary of State; an experiment somewhat new in the history of political manoeuvres in this country: A newspaper instituted by a public Officer, and the Editor of it regularly pensioned with the public money in the disposal of that officer; an example favouring not a little of that spirit, which in the enumeration of European abuses is the continual theme of declamatory censure; an example which could not have been set by the head of any other department without having long since rung throughout the United States.
Mr. Freneau is not then as he would have supposed, the independent Editor of a Newspaper, who though receiving a salary from government, has firmness enough to expose its mal-administration; he is the faithful and devoted servant of the head of a party, from whose hands he receives the boon. The whole complexion of his paper, exhibits a decisive internal evidence of the influence of that patronage under which he acts.
Whether the services rendered by him are equivalent to the compensation he receives, is best known to his employer and himself; there is however some room to doubt. It is well known that his employer is himself well acquainted with the French language, the only one of which Mr. Freneau is the translator; and it may be a question how often his aid is necessary.
It is somewhat singular too that a man acquainted with but one foreign language, engaged in an occupation which it may be presumed demands his whole time and attention—the Editor of a newspaper—should be the person selected as the Clerk for foreign languages in the department of the United States for foreign affairs. Could no person be found acquainted with more than one foreign language, and who in so confidential a trust could have been regularly attached to, in the constant employ of the department, and immediately under the eye of the head of it?
But it may be asked—is it possible that Mr. Jefferson, the head of a principal department of the government can be the patron of a paper, the evident object of which is to decry the government and its measures? If he disapproves of the government itself and thinks it deserving of his opposition, can he reconcile it to his own personal dignity and the principles of probity to hold an office under it, and employ the means of official influence in that opposition? If he disapproves of the leading measures which have been adopted in the course of its administration—can he reconcile it with the principles of delicacy and propriety, to hold a place in that administration, and at the same time to be instrumental in vilifying measures which have been adopted by majorities of both branches of the legislature and sanctioned by the Chief Magistrate of the Union?
These questions would certainly be natural—An answer might be left to the facts which establish the relation between the Secretary of State and the Editor of the National Gazette as the text, and to the general tenor of that paper as the commentary. Let any intelligent man read the paper from the commencement of it, and let him determine for himself whether it be not a paper virulently hostile to the government and its measures. Let him then ask himself whether, considering the connection which has subsisted between the Secretary of State and the Editor of that paper coeval with its first establishment, it be probable that the complexion of the paper is contrary to the views of that officer.
If he wishes for a confirmation of the inference which he cannot fail to draw, as a probable one, let him be informed in addition,
1st, That while the condition of the United States was depending before the people of this country, for their consideration and decision, Mr. Jefferson being in France, was opposed to it, in some of its most important features, and wrote his objections to some of his friends in Virginia—That he at first went so far as to discountenance its adoption; though he afterwards recommended it, on the ground of expediency in certain contingencies.
2d, That he is the declared opponent of almost all the important measures which have been devised by the government; more especially the provision which has been made for the public debt, the institution of the Bank of the United States, and such other measures as relate to the public credit and the finances of the United States.
It is proper that these facts should be known, for if the people of the United States believe, that their happiness and their safety are connected with the existence and maintenance of an efficient National or Federal Government; if they continue to think that, which they have created and established, worthy of their confidence—if they are willing that the powers they have granted to it, should be exercised with sufficient latitude to attain the ends they had in view in granting them, and to do the essential business of the nation—if they feel an honest pride in seeing the credit of their country so lately prostrated, elevated to an equal station with that of any nation upon earth; if they are conscious that their own importance in their country, which from an abject and degraded state, owing to the want of government, has, by the establishment of a wise constitution and the measures which have been pursued under it, become a theme

for the praise and admiration of mankind; if they experience that their own situation is improved and improving—that commerce and navigation have advanced, that manufactures are progressive, that agriculture is thriving—that property is more secure than it was—industry more certain of a real not nominal reward—personal liberty perfectly protected—that notwithstanding the unavoidable demands upon them to satisfy the justice, retrieve the reputation, and answer the exigencies of the country, they are either less burdened than they were, or more equal to the burden they have to sustain. If these are their opinions and their experience, let them know and understand, that the sentiments of the officer who has been mentioned, both as to the principles and the practice of the constitution which was framed by them, and has been administered by their representatives, freely chosen—are essentially different from theirs.
If, on the contrary, the people of the United States are of opinion, that they erred in adopting their present constitution—that it contains pernicious principles and dangerous powers—that it has been administered injudiciously and wickedly—that men whose abilities and patriotism were tried in the world of times, have entered into a league to deceive, defraud and oppress them—that they are really oppressed and ruined, or in imminent danger of being so. If they think the preservation of national union a matter of no or small consequence—if they are willing to return to the situation from which they have escaped, and to strip the government of some of the most necessary powers with which they have clothed it—If they are desirous that those which may be permitted to remain should be frittered away by a narrow, timid and feeble exercise of them—If they are disposed to see the national government transformed into the skeleton of power—if they are persuaded that nations are under no ties of moral obligation—that public credit is useless, or something worse—that public debts may be paid or cancelled at pleasure—that when a provision is not likely to be made for them, the discontent is to be expected from the omission, may honestly be transferred from a government able to vindicate its rights to the breaths of individuals, who may first be encouraged to become the substitutes to the original creditors, and may afterwards be defrauded without danger. * If to national union, national respectability, public order, and public credit, they are willing to substitute national disunion, national insignificance, public disorder and discredit—then let them write their acclamations and plaudits in favor of Mr. Jefferson; let him be the toast of every political club, and the theme of every popular huzza—for to those points, without examining his motives, do the real or pretended political tenets of that gentleman most assuredly tend.
These strictures are made from a conviction that it is important to the people to know the characters entrusted with their public affairs.
As Mr. Jefferson is emulous of being the head of a party, whose politics have ever aimed at depressing the national authority, let him enjoy all the glory and all the advantage of it. But let it at the same time be understood by those who are persuaded that the real and permanent welfare of the country is to be promoted by other means, that such are the views by which he is actuated.
AN AMERICAN.
* Such was the advice given to Congress by Mr. Jefferson, when Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of France, respecting the debt due to the French nation—The precise terms are not recollected, but the substance may be depended upon. The poor Hollanders were to be the victims.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
MR. FENNO, YOUR correspondent T. L. in your paper of the 11th inst. should have quoted fairly and ingenuously. A man once argued on the side of Atheism, because the words, "There is no God," were to be found in the Scripture, without prefixing, "The fool hath said in his heart." Instead of your correspondent's quotation, which stands thus, "Receives a small stipend for services rendered as French Translator to the department of State, and as Editor of a free newspaper"—he should fairly have quoted the words as follows, in the National Gazette of July 28—"Receives a small stipend for services rendered as French Translator to the department of State, and, as Editor of a free newspaper, admits into his publication impartial strictures on the proceedings of government, &c."—A man that in quoting another's words, wilfully curtails or wholly misrepresents the natural construction of a sentence, in order to mislead, will soon find himself beneath the attention of every candid reader. X. Y.
Philad. August 2, 1792.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
Election of Representatives in Congress.
IN this important business every individual has a common interest, and the great object should be to unite in exercising the inestimable right of suffrage in such manner as will be most likely to insure a continuation of the blessings we enjoy under an administration of the best of governments.
The happy advantages derived from that institution are evident to the world, and must be acknowledged by all ranks of people and by every member of the society, who will compare the present situation of our country with what it was a few years ago.
It would therefore appear advisable, all other circumstances equal, to endeavor by every lawful means to elect such men as are firmly attached to the government and to such measures as have been adopted under it for the support and advancement of our true interests; and not be swayed by the artifices of those who stand in opposition, and who, disclaiming all party and antisederal principles and views, are exerting their influence to have such a representation as, it is feared, would join in bringing about an entire change of measures, and overturn the whole of the system that is now in operation; by which means they would open a new and extensive field for speculation, and disturb the peace and quiet of the community for the advantage of a few.
Philadelphia, Aug. 4.
The British Packet for June is arrived at New-York—letters by her were received at the Post-Office in this city, Thursday evening; the packet brings accounts to the 9th June.
French papers from Europe to the 6th June, by Capt. Harding, state—That through the exertions of General C. Lameth, order and discipline were likely to be soon restored in the French army; and 12 of the guilty of the regiment of Colonel-General concerned in the affair of Mons were already selected for trial.—That the joy of the emigrants at Coblenz on the success of the Austrians was excessive—they were for marching immediately to the frontiers, persuaded that every city would open its gates to receive them—It appears they checked their ardour by a little timely reflection.
The National Assembly have decreed that the grant of one million a year to each of the king's brothers be suppressed—their creditors to apply to the National Treasury. A small affair has happened at Bayey, a body of Austrians of 2300 men and 6 pieces of cannon attacked the place on the 17th May; the French garrison of 80 men showed much courage, and killed and wounded some of the enemy—but deviating from the orders given by M. Rochambeau, they were made prisoners of war; the Austrians kept possession of the town only 2 hours, they then left it carrying away the arms but without plundering it, which the soldiers were very desirous of doing, but were restrained by their officers; the place would probably have been immediately retaken, as a large detachment of the French army was put in motion for that purpose. Warlike preparations are carried on with great vigor in Berlin—but doubts appear to be entertained by the Court of Vienna, as to the honesty of the Court of Prussia. The declaration of war has produced very different sensations at the Hague—the patriots in the seven provinces are said to be all in favor of the French—the Stadholder on the contrary appears desirous to take part in the war against France—but the States will never consent to it.
The papers received by Capt. Harding, are several days later than those which furnished the materials for the abstract, from the Centinel. No engagement of importance had taken place in May. In such skirmishes as had occurred, the French troops showed discipline and courage. Some time since an account was published of the defeat of a detachment of M. la Fayette's army, under the command of M. Gouvion, on a foraging party, by an inferior force. That account is far from the truth. It appears that M. Gouvion was attacked by a superior force, but managed a retreat with great skill and success, having, notwithstanding the opposition he experienced, attained the object of his expedition, with little or no loss.
Mr. Rochambeau, tis said, retires; nothing however positive and conclusive is published on this head.
Nothing said of the death of the Empress of Russia.—Under the Vienna head of May 14, we find an account of the death of the Empress Dowager of Germany.
Paris was in a state of some fermentation the latter end of May. Some proceedings on the existence of an Austrian committee (which is yet far from being proved) gave rise to the fermentation. No actual disturbance.
Captain Harding, left Havre-de-Grace the 6th of June. American produce at that time was low, and there were pleasing accounts of plentiful crops all over France.
The ship Phœbe, Capt. Justice, left Lisbon the 27th June, at which time the Queen was recovering from her late indisposition. Two ships of the line, and two frigates were fitting out, that the Queen, accompanied by Dr. Willis, might, in a short voyage, enjoy the benefit of the sea air.
By the Pittsburgh gazette of 28th ult. we are informed that the Cornplanter and other chiefs who met in council at Buffalo-Creek, have determined to send a message to the hostile Indians, and have dispatched Capt. Henry and three other Indians with it—That Capt. Brady had made a tour of 30 days into the Indian country—from some hints thrown out since his return, it appears that he could not approach Sandusky, nearer than within five miles, as there were a great number of Indians in the woods near that place.
The result of the several meetings of the citizens at the State House, respecting the characters proper to be nominated as members of Congress, and electors of President and Vice-President, is the appointment of a Committee of Correspondence to collect information of the sense of the people in different parts of the state on this business.—The committee appointed consists of the following gentlemen, viz.—Hon. Thomas M'Kean, Dr. James Hutchinson, Hon. James Wilson, Alexander I. Dallas, John Barclay, Hilary Baker and Jared Ingersoll, Esqrs.
Extract of a letter to a gentleman in this City, dated Columbia, Kentucky, June 19.
"The Indians from time to time steal our horses—I am clearly of opinion that since the first settlement they have stolen horses to the amount of upwards of 3000. that is from Columbia alone and its vicinity.
"They now and then kill some of our citizens and scalp them, or carry them into a horrid captivity. The latter end of April they killed within 3 miles of Columbia a Mr. James Nevil, a Lieut. in our militia—a young man of great worth; they nearly skinned his head all over in taking of his scalp. The loss of this valuable member of society was greatly regretted, and was a very severe blow to his afflicted mother, who had but a few months before followed her husband to the grave; and was left with several small children, leaning and depending in a great measure on this her dear son—He was brought in and buried with great de-
cency; the Rev. John Smith preached a funeral sermon on the occasion. A Mr. Ball was killed or taken prisoner at the same time; he has not since been heard of. A Mr. Orcutt who was in company received two wounds, but got in and is nearly recovered. About the beginning of May 3 men were killed at Dunlap's station—and within a few weeks two men were killed on the road between Cincinnati and Lexington. Three ambassadors are sent to the different Indian nations, to negotiate a peace,—a Mr. Gerard, an inhabitant of Columbia to the Shawanese—Major Trueman to the Delawares—and Col. Hardin to the Wlandots (as I am informed.) We have as yet no news from them and grow uneasy on their account.
"The Indians who are prisoners at Fort-Washington, behave as I am told with great fortitude and propriety; and are industrious in their way, when they can get any thing to do, and seem anxious to procure wampum. The Indian Queen is well—a week or two ago Major Trueman asked her acceptance of a guinea, which she seemed not to know the value of, but being informed it would procure her so much wampum, she accepted it with becoming gratitude; since which their greatest artists have been busily employed in making a belt of the most brilliant kind; after they had finished this, they took a Doctor Brown who is in the medical department, a man of great humanity and goodness of heart, who on all occasions had sympathized with them in their captivity; and with all the ceremonies of Royalty crowned him King of their nation—after the Coronation the Queen approached and paid him all that homage due to his Majesty, her rightful sovereign—after which all the rest in due order approached and paid their obeisance. They had procured for him all the Kingly robes in their power, and dressed him in the grand belt of wampum they had made."
In the National Gazette of Wednesday last it is said, "since the operation of the general government, several branches of the mechanics and manufacturers, and even the pilots have combined to raise their wages on their employers." In the same paper it is said that the anti-republicans are those who would support the government upon manufactures; it is also said in the same paper that the agricultural interest is the only true and solid natural basis of the government of the United States: on all which a correspondent remarks, that those who affect to set up one interest in opposition to another, under a free government, where all have an equal right to protection, is equally an enemy to both. Can either interest flourish independent of the other?
It is an old artifice of the enemies of the real happiness and freedom of our country, to sow divisions and create jealousies between the agricultural or landed interest, and the commercial, manufacturing and mechanical; but we trust the people are too wise to be duped by these selfish, partial politicians, or to be thus cheated out of those substantial blessings which depend on unanimity alone.
With respect to an enhancement of wages, on the part of the mechanics, &c. if it is a fact, what does it import but this; that money is plentier than it has been; or that there is a scarcity of hands, or an encrease in the price of some of the necessaries of life—to which may be added the rise of rents, occasioned by the influx of foreigners, and the great accession to the number of citizens, drawn hither in consequence of this being the seat of government? With respect to the pilots, it is well known that they have been dissatisfied with their customary fees for several years; grant however that wages are raised, what is the natural inference which candor would deduce from the circumstance? It is this, that the influx of money, arising from the demand for our produce, the security and confidence enjoyed under the government, which has awakened every latent spring of exertion and enterprize in the human mind, have created an extraordinary demand for the labor of artisans in almost every branch of business—particularly in this metropolis—and should this be the case every where, it is but a more extensive symptom of this general fact, that an excess in the circulating medium will uniformly occasion in a free country, an addition to the price of labor in every branch; in a free country, I say; for it is not the case in despotic governments, where one even tenor of reward, labor and subsistence, are apportioned to the agricultural, mechanic, and manufacturing interests by the hand of arbitrary power.
"The blessed advantages of the government is alone to be found among speculators who are living on the spoils of an injured and insulted people, and among a few needy citizens who enjoy the profits of lucrative offices."—See National Gazette of Wednesday last.
The junta have not explicitly said in the National Gazette, that the public debt ought to have been annihilated; but its well known, lays a correspondent, that it was and is their opinion; that as the public had the power, they had the right to do it: some of the enemies of the funding system were not so delinquent of principle—they acknowledged the justice of the debt; and it is said, projected systems of their own on various calculations. It is however to be remarked, that none of them, which had the semblance of honor for their support, would have precluded speculation; some of them would have opened a door to this business that neither the present, or future generations would have seen closed; others were predicated on a basis that would have ground the people to powder in their execution, and at the same time have damned the public credit forever; one of them proposed to have paid an higher interest than is now paid on the whole debt, and to make annual grants for that purpose.—Speculation has reason to lament that this plan was not adopted. In every stage of the business, the declaimers against the system which was finally agreed to, have shown their incompetency to manage the finances of this country. As was early predicted, the funding system has brought speculation nearly to a close, and in a much shorter period than its most sanguine friends expected. The value of the debt
in the market is now almost, if not quite as stationary as bills of exchange; but if the machinations of the new confederators of our peace, honor and public credit, should prevail, a scene of speculation would be opened that would confound the advocates for the dignity of our species. The people of this country are too sensible of the importance of national reputation to suffer so indelible a stigma to be fixed on their character, as would be the consequence of annihilating the public debt by law. The enemies of the funding system know this; and therefore, whatever they may pretend to the contrary, speculation in a debt they are convinced must and will be paid, is their object in opposing the measures of the government. The only question then is, whether that system that is supported which has prostrated the power of speculation, by giving a fixed and prompt value to the negotiable obligations of the government—or whether, by altering or subverting this system, we shall be put afloat again on a sea, in which the chances are a million to one, considering who and what will be the conductors, that peace, liberty and safety, honor, public faith and credit, will be wrecked together? So much for speculators.—With respect to the slander on gentlemen in public offices, it is a singular combination of ideas to lay, that needy persons enjoy the profits of lucrative offices.
It is to the honor of the Supreme Executive, that worth and abilities, independent of adventitious circumstances, have been carefully selected as far as information could be obtained, for appointments, in all parts of the United States. If some of them are persons who were sufferers in the cause of freedom, and in the general calamities which overwhelmed the country previous to the happy change effected by the government, others might be mentioned, whose talents would always have given them the first rank in their several professions, and secured them a competency, if not an independence.—Such strictures as the quotation are not abusive—no—by no means—for they are published in the Nation's Gazette.
Two Odes received from Correspondents, on the Ode of Odes—are superceded by the extract in this day's paper.
SHIP NEWS. ARRIVED AT THE PORT OF PHILADELPHIA.
  Ship Pennsylvania, Harding, Havre-de-Grace   Phœbe, Justice, Lisbon   Brig Minerva, Thompson, Cadiz   Catherine, Trautman, Hamburg   Sally, Anderson, St. Eulalia   Sloop Hiram, Gorton, Providence   Ranger, Bilhop, Massachusetts   Polly, Oller, Jamaica 
Capt. Auderson brings accounts, that on 15th July, a gale of wind happened at the Windward Islands; it continued 8 hours. That most of the vessels at St. Eulalia put to sea. At St. Kitts a large ship, not being able to put to sea, was driven on shore, having on board 500 hogheads of sugar, which, with the ship, were all lost. And that apprehensions were entertained of an hurricane. The Pennsylvania, Capt. Harding, brought 40 passengers from Havre-de-Grace, to settle in this country, at Sciota.
The Catherine has 130 German passengers.
PRICE OF STOCKS.
  6 per Cents, 21 5/8   3 per Cents, 12 5/8   Deferred, 13 3/8   Full shares Bank U. S. 46 per cent. prem.   3/4 shares, 58 
Letters by the British Packet mention, that the English 3 per cents had rose to 96—and that American stocks had been low, but had lately rose, six per cents to 110, and 3 per cents to 65 per cent.
The Volunteer Company of Artillery is desired to meet at the State House, on Monday next, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon. August 3. JEREMIAH FISHER, Captain. N. B. As there is business of importance to be laid before the company, it is expected every member will attend.
Universal Hymn Book.
To be Sold by THOMAS DOBSON, and other Booksellers in Philadelphia,
A Collection of PSALMS, HYMNS, and SPIRITUAL SONGS; selected from different Authors, and published by Order of the Convention holding the Doctrine of the Salvation of all Men. Met in Philadelphia, May 25, 1791.
Price of a single book, bound, 3-8ths of a Dollar, with good allowance to those who take quantities. August 4. (epit.)
TO BE SOLD, (And possession given immediately)
A Valuable FARM,
PLEASANTLY situated, and well improved, containing 213 acres, whereof 47 are woodland, 30 meadow, and 20 more may be made; the cleared land is under good fence, and is well adapted to grass, and there being so much meadow, a large flock may be raised; it is also natural to wheat, and a proper attention to a well-kept flock, will much improve its quality, and be the most profitable: it has a young orchard of 200 apple-trees, a variety of peach and cherry trees, and a large garden. There are on the premises a handsome two story stone house and kitchen, and an elegant piazza; also, a good barn, with stabling, cow-house, granary, waggon-house, work-shop, and smoke-house. The situation is high, pleasant, and healthy, and affords some very agreeable prospects, and is in a good neighbourhood: it lies on the main road to New-York, about a mile and a half from Princeton, New-Jersey, and 43 from this city. The title was examined and approved by eminent counsel before the subscriber purchased. For further particulars apply to the subscriber, at No. 141, South Second-street, or at No. 81, South Water-street, Philadelphia.
ISAAC SNOWDEN, Jun. N. B. Stock for the farm may be had of the present tenant.
Also, to be Sold, and entered immediately, A two-story Brick HOUSE and BAKE-HOUSE, in Arch-street, No. 23, 16 feet two inches in front, and 102 feet in depth. Apply as above. July 17. (epit.)

Bank of the United States.
JULY 10, 1792.
RESOLVED, THAT an Office of Discount and Deposit, be established in the City of Richmond, State of Virginia.
RESOLVED, That the 2d Tuesday in September next be appointed for the Election of Thirteen Directors and a Cashier, for the Office of Discount and Deposit, in the City of Richmond.
By Order of the President and Directors, JOHN KEAN, Cashier.
Certificates Lost.
MISSING, Five New-Jersey Certificates, signed by Silas Condit, viz.
 No. 740 for £. 75 0 0  1978 11 12 9  715 1 0 0  3482 1 4 6  829 0 12 9 
The subscriber supposes the above Certificates are stolen. Whoever will discover the Thief, or Certificates, and leave information at the Treasury or Loan-Office in New-Jersey, or in the County Collector's Office at Morris-Town, shall be handsomely rewarded by
JOSEPH LEWIS. New-Jersey, July 12, 1792. (1aw7w)
Ebenezer Hazard,
STOCK-BROKER,
HAS Removed his OFFICE to No. 128 north Second-Street, where he continues to purchase and sell on Commission, Certificates of debt of the United, and Individual States, Bank Stock, Canal, and Turnpike Shares, &c. &c.
Subscribers to the Universal Tontine who have not yet received their Certificates are desired to call for them.
July 18. (ep.t.f)
Stock Brokers Office,
No. 45, Great Dock-Street, New-York,
THE Subscriber intending to confine himself entirely to the PURCHASE AND SALE OF STOCKS ON COMMISSION, begs leave to offer his services to his friends and others, in the line of a Stock Broker. Those who may please to favor him with their business, may depend upon having it transacted with the utmost fidelity and dispatch.
Orders from Philadelphia, Boston, or any other part of the United States will be strictly attended to.
LEONARD BLECKER. May 2. (t.h)
WHITE WAX MANUFACTORY.
THOMAS JAMES, WAX CHANDLER, from London, respectfully informs the public that he has established a Manufactory of the above branch, at the upper end of Mulberry-Street, New-York, where Merchants, Captains of Vessels, Druggists, and Families, may be supplied with excellent and pure White Wax Candles, White Wax in Cakes, Tapers, Wax'd Lamp Wicks, Flambeaux, &c. warranted equal to any made in London, and twenty per cent. cheaper.
Orders in this and the adjacent States, received by Mr. JOHN GOODEVE, Bridge-Street, Mr. WILLIAM FROBISHER, Fletcher-Street, and at the Manufactory, where samples may be seen.
N. B. Bees-Wax taken in payment, or bleached on moderate terms. New-York, July 19, 1792. [cp7w]
WANTED, to go to BOSTON,
A JOURNEYMAN COPPERSMITH, at small work, such as Tea-Kettles, Coffee-Pots, &c. — Good wages and constant employment will be given to a person with good recommendations — a single man would be preferred. Enquire of the Editor.
July 25. [cp3w]
NEW TEAS.
IMPERIAL, HYSON & SOUCHONG,
Of the very first quality, and latest importation
from Canton, via New-York, by retail, at
No. 19,
Third, between Chestnut and Market Streets.
THE Partnership of HAZARD & ADDOMS, is dissolved; — All persons having demands on that FIRM, are desired to call for settlement, upon EBENEZER HAZARD, at No. 128, North Second-Street — and those indebted to it are requested to make immediate payment to him.
EBENEZER HAZARD,
JONAS ADDOMS.
Philadelphia, July 10, 1792. (t.f)
AMERICAN LEAD MANUFACTORY.
STEPHEN AUSTIN, & Co.
HAVE just now opened their LEAD-WARE-HOUSE, two doors south of Walnut-Street Wharf, adjoining their New Factory — where they have now made, and ready for sale, a general assortment of SHOT of all sizes, with SHEET and BAR LEAD, the production of the Mines in Virginia. As they have employed a number of experienced English workmen, they warrant it to be equal in quality to any manufactured in Europe, and at a reduced price from the cost of imported.
They also continue to manufacture all the above articles at Richmond, in Virginia. All orders addressed to either of the above Factories, will be thankfully received, and executed on the shortest notice.
N. B. Wanted, industrious, sober, Labouring Men, at the said Mines, where constant employ, good wages, and other encouragements will be given, means of conveyance being provided, and houses for their reception.
For further particulars enquire of Messrs. Moses Austin & Co. at their Factory in Richmond, or as above.
Philadelphia, December 3, 1791. (t.f)
To be published by Subscription, THE AMERICAN REMEMBRANCER, OR, PROCEEDINGS OF THE
Old Congress,
From September 1774, to March 1789; —
An authentic and original collection of
OFFICIAL LETTERS, &c.
written during the late war;
And EXTRACTS from the
SECRET JOURNALS.
(For particulars, see proposals at large.)
Subscriptions are received by the principal
Bookellers, and by the Editor,
JOHN CAREY, No. 26, Pearl-Street, Philadelphia.
JUST PUBLISHED.
By Thomas Dobson,
Bookbinder, at the Stone-House, in Second-Street, Philadelphia.
VOLUME VI of
ENCYCLOPEDIA:
Or a Dictionary of Arts, Sciences,
and Miscellaneous Literature,
On a plan entirely new: By which the different
sciences and arts are digested into the form
Of distinct Treatises or Systems.
This sixth volume contains, among a variety of
interesting articles,
Dioptrics, distillation, diving, bell-art, of drawing,
Dutchy, art of dying, theory of the earth and earth-
quakes, Edinburgh, education, history of Egypt,
System of electricity, history of England, engraving,
etching, history of Ethiopia, &c. &c. &c.
Illustrated with twenty-two copper plates.
CONDITIONS.
I. The work is printing on a superfine paper, and
new types (cast for the purpose in Philadelphia)
which will be occasionally renewed before they
contract a worn appearance.
II. The work may be had in volumes or half-volumes:
it being proposed to deliver the volumes in
parts, at twenty shillings (Pennsylvania currency)
each, in boards, or for the whole volume, five
dollars, in boards. The volumes now finished
are to be paid for on delivery, and the price of one
volume is to be paid in advance, and the price of
each succeeding volume to be paid on de-
livering the volume preceding it.
III. In the course of publication, will be exhibited
above five hundred copper plates, elegantly
engraved in Philadelphia; which by far exceed
in number those given in any other scientific
dictionary. At the close of the publication will
be delivered, an elegant frontispiece, the dedi-
cation, preface, and proper title pages for the
different volumes.
*** As the very great expence attending the
undertaking, makes punctuality of payment in-
dispensably necessary, the publisher flatters him-
self that the subscribers will be perfectly satisfied
with his adhering strictly to his original plan of
delivering the books only on receiving payment,
agreeable to the conditions of publication.
Subscriptions for the Encyclopedia,
Will continue to be received on the same terms as
usual, till the first of September, 1792, when the
price will be increased. TEN DOLLARS to be
paid on subscription, by those who have not sub-
scribed before that time.
Those who have subscribed, but not taken their
books before that time, will be considered as not
having subscribed.
As the subscription will probably be closed by
Christmas, such as chuse to be possessors of this
very valuable and important work, will do well
to come forward in time, that they may not be
disappointed.
July 21. epif
TERRITORY OF COLUMBIA.
JUNE 28, 1792.
PURSUANT to the last Will and Testament of
the late Rev. ALEXANDER WILLIAMSON,
deceased, will be exposed to Public Sale on Thurs-
day, the 11th of October next, at GEORGETOWN,
on a credit of three years, the purchasers giving
bond with approved security, to bear interest from
the date — That valuable Seat of Land, in Montgo-
mery county, called HAYES; the late dwelling
plantation of the deceased, containing between six
and seven hundred acres, the greatest part of which
is rich, heavy timbered land, extremely well wa-
tered, and capable of affording a very considerable
quantity of fine meadow; — Situated about 6 miles
from the Federal City, and the same distance from
George-Town, in a genteel neighbourhood, and a
remarkable healthy part of the country.
The improvements are, a very elegant two story
Brick Dwelling House, (with four rooms and a
passage, or entry, on a floor) and the necessary out-
houses. HENRY TOWNSEND, } Executors.
BENJ. STODDERT, } THOMAS JOHNS. } (cp10)
TERRITORY OF COLUMBIA.
JULY 6, 1792.
THE Subscriber offers for Sale, a Mill-Seat, on
Rock Creek, deemed by those who have ex-
amined it, equal to any in the United States. The
Mill-House may be placed within one quarter of
a mile of the river Potomac, half a mile from
the market house in Georgetown, and one mile
from the President's square, in the city of Wash-
ington — on tide water, navigable for vessels of
several hundred bushels burthen. — The stream is
sufficient, the year round, to turn four pair of stones,
and the fall may be made from 25 to 30 feet. It
is unnecessary to dwell on the advantages of such
a situation.
The purchaser may be accommodated with a
few hundred acres of land adjoining the Mill-Seat,
if that should be an object.
(ep3m 14 Jul) B. STODDERT.
George-Town.
A Number of LOTS in every situation which
may be desired in City of WASHINGTON,
Monday the 8th day of October next. One fourth
part of the money to be paid down, the residue in
three equal annual payments, with yearly interest
on the whole principal unpaid.
JOHN M'GANTT, Clerk
to the Commissioners.
June 2, 1792. [cpul]
New-Brunswick Lottery.
HIGHEST PRIZE, 2,000 DOLLARS.
THE Public are hereby informed, that the drawing of the above Lottery is postponed till the third day of September next — at which time, the Managers are positively determined the drawing shall commence, in Mr. Norman's Long Room, in the City of New-Brunswick.
Tickets are to be had at SAMUEL COOPER'S, Ferry, where fortunate adventurers may receive their prize-money ten days after drawing. A list of fortunate numbers will be published in the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES.
Circumstances unforeseen, and unfavorable to Lotteries, have occasioned the necessity of this further postponement. The Rector and Wardens ask the assistance of their episcopal and other friends, in supplying themselves with Tickets previous to the above day — confident that no Lottery more favorable to adventurers has been offered to the public — the deduction being only 12 1/2 per cent. and not two blanks to a prize.
THE MANAGERS.
** Letters directed to PETER KEENON, Post-Master, New-Brunswick (post paid) will be immediately attended to.
New-Brunswick, July 25, 1792. (cp18)
SECURITIES.
SOLDIERS, Mariners, and militia men's pay, lands, and claims on the public,
SHARES, in the Banks, in the Canals, and Turnpike Road.
CERTIFICATES, granted by the public, and the old and late paper monies,
NOTES of hand, bills, bonds, and mortgages with or without deposits,
BOUGHT, sold, or negotiated, at No. 2, in Fourth-Street below Market-Street, by
FRANCIS WHITE,
Who transacts business in the public offices for country people and others, by virtue of a power, of attorney, or by personal application.
PHILADELPHIA. (1aw6w)
GENERAL POST-OFFICE,
PHILADELPHIA, July 7, 1792.
FOR the information of Merchants and the Masters or Commanders of vessels, are published the following extracts from the Law for establishing Post-Offices and Post-Roads within the United States.
In section 10, it is enacted that there shall be charged "for every letter or packet brought into the United States, or carried from one port thereof to another by sea, in any private ship or vessel, four cents, if delivered at the place where the same shall arrive; and if directed to be delivered at any other place, with the addition of the like postage, as other letters are made subject, to the payment of by this act."
In section 12, "That no ship or vessel, arriving at any port within the United States, where a post-office is established, shall be permitted to report, make entry or break bulk, till the master or commander shall have delivered to the postmaster, all letters directed to any person or persons within the United States, which, under his care or within his power, shall be brought in such ship or vessel, other than such as are directed to the owner or consignee: but when a vessel shall be bound to another port, than that, at which she may enter, the letters belonging to, or to be delivered at the said port of delivery, shall not be delivered to the postmaster at the port of entry. And it shall be the duty of the collector or other officer of the port, empowered to receive entries of ships or vessels, to require from every master or commander of such ship or vessel, an oath or affirmation, purporting that he has delivered all such letters, except as aforesaid!"
In section 13, "That the postmaster to whom such letters may be delivered, shall pay to the master, commander, or other person delivering the same, except the commanders of foreign packets, two cents for every such letter or packet; and shall obtain from the person delivering the same, a certificate specifying the number of letters and packets, with the name of the ship or vessel, and the place from whence the same failed; which certificate, together with a receipt for the money, shall be with his quarterly accounts, transmitted to the Postmaster-General, who shall credit the amount thereof to the postmaster forwarding the same."
For general information, the 14th section is published, "And be it further enacted, That if any person, other than the Postmaster-General, or his deputies, or persons by them employed, shall take up, receive, order, dispatch, convey, carry or deliver any letter or letters, packet or packets, other than newspapers, for hire or reward, or shall be concerned in setting up any foot or horse post, waggon or other carriage, by or in which any letter or packet shall be carried for hire, on any established post-road, or any packet, or other vessel or boat, or any conveyance whatever, whereby the revenue of the general post-office may be injured, every person, so offending, shall forfeit, for every such offence, the sum of two hundred dollars. Provided, That it shall not be lawful for every person to send letters or packets by special messenger."
JUST PUBLISHED, AND TO BE SOLD (PRICE 10s.) By EBENEZER HAZARD, 128 North Second-Street,
THE
HISTORY
OF
New-Hampshire,
Vol. III.
Containing a geographical description of the State — with sketches of its natural history, productions, improvements, and present state of society and manners, laws and government.
By JEREMY BELKNAP, A.M.
This volume completes the history, and is peculiarly interesting. — Subscribers are desired to call for their books.
TO BE SOLD BY THE EDITOR,
TABLE for receiving and paying Gold at
the Bank of the United States, shewing the
Value of Gold in Dollars and Cents, from One to
a Thousand Pennyweights — according to the Act
of Congress, ascertaining the Standard