Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1793-03-20 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 34, NORTH FIFTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA
[No. 84 of Vol. IV.]
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 20, 1793.
[Whole No. 406.]
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. FRIDAY, March 1.
In committee of the whole, Mr. Muhlenberg in the chair, on the 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th resolutions, respecting the official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, for which see Gazette of the 6th inst.
(CONTINUED.)
MR. LEE observed, that as he found himself under the necessity of differing from his friend who had moved the resolution, with whom he generally agreed in opinion—and was accustomed to act, he begged the attention of the committee for a few minutes.
Mr. Lee observed, to determine whether the Secretary of the Treasury had acted legally, it was necessary to examine whether the authority from the President and his subsequent instructions, authorized him to consolidate the loans under the acts of the 4th and 12th of Aug. 1790.
On this question Mr. Lee observed that there seemed to be no objection to such a construction, except that which arose from the difference of interest allowed by those acts. That the first loan was commenced without any regular authority by a company in Amsterdam; that it received its authenticity from the acceptance to the Secretary of the Treasury. The interest and doucours on this loan amounted to more than an interest at 5 per cent. which was the only premium contemplated by the act of the 12th of August. It could consequently be accepted only under the act of the 4th of August, which gave no limitation to the interest which was to be allowed. This money seemed therefore solely applicable to the payment of the foreign debt. From his report of the 24th of Feb. 1791, the Secretary himself seemed to have had this impression. Congress seemed also to have had this impression, as on the 3d of March following they passed an act authorising the application of this loan to the object of the act of the 12th of Aug. 1790.—After the 3d of March 1791, therefore, the Secretary of the Treasury had a right to bring this money to America for the purposes of the sinking fund. The interest of the foreign debt becoming due, for which domestic revenues were pledged, he thought it prudent to pay that interest out of this loan, relying on the domestic revenues to replace it, for the purposes of the sinking fund. This was a mode of bringing the money here, and he was not limited in his discretion as to the mode—and therefore had a right to follow that which appeared to him most advantageous. The paying of the foreign interest out of this loan was made after the 3d of March 1791.
Mr. Lee had no doubt as to the legality of all the proceedings relative to monies drawn to this country subsequent to the 3d of March 1791—even the monies borrowed for the foreign debt, because an higher interest than 5 per cent. was stipulated for, on any of the subsequent loans, and because the President in his instructions to the Secretary leaves the mode of paying the foreign debt to his discretion. If he judged it for the advantage of the United States to bring this money, in the first place, to America, the legality of such a measure cannot be questioned, tho' the economy and wisdom of it may not be admitted. On this point Mr. Lee acknowledged—that he had not time to examine minutely all the statements and reports of the Secretary, to judge of those exigencies which induced the drawing of all the money which had been drawn to America.
Whether it had been consistent or not with the interest of the United States—Mr. Lee was of opinion, that the Secretary had legally a right to bring all the money he had drawn for to America, except what was drawn prior to the 3d of March 1791. This money was drawn
out of the first loan; it was drawn, as declared, for the sinking fund;—the first loan, for the reasons before stated, could not be applied, and consequently, till the act of the 3d of March 1791, this money could not be legally drawn for to the sinking fund. Perhaps this act caused the irregularity of this proceeding.
But is not the Secretary of the Treasury subject to blame? Mr. Lee observed he thought he was not altogether free from it. At the meeting of Congress on the 8th day of Dec. 1790, the President in his speech informed both houses, that the first loan had been accepted, and that the secretary of the treasury had directions to lay the particulars before them—But what did he do? On the 15th of Dec. following, he began to draw money on account of this loan to America, for the sinking fund; though from this report on the 24th of Feb. 1791, he appears to have had a doubt as to the legality of this proceeding—he delayed giving information, in conformity to the President's speech, till a few days before the dissolution of Congress. This conduct, Mr. Lee said, seemed to argue a distrust of the legislative councils. Mr. Lee dilated on the necessity of the purest and most confidential communication between the secretary of the treasury and the legislature; and said, though he could not agree to the resolution then under consideration, there was one, subsequent to it, relating to this point, which he was sorry to find himself under the necessity of voting for.
MR. BOUDINOT called the attention of the committee to the change in the usual situation of the House. They were no longer acting in a legislative capacity, but were now exercising the important office of the grand inquest of the nation: It was necessary he said, to advert to this circumstance, to prevent running into the diffuse mode of argument that had improperly been adopted on this occasion. A gentleman of this committee had thought proper to institute an enquiry into the conduct of an officer of the government, in a very important and highly responsible station. He had exhibited his charges against him in writing—had reduced them to certain and specific facts. To these, and to these alone he had pointed his evidence, and we were bound in honor and conscience to give a just and decisive opinion on each independent charge.—In the first place the truth of the facts must be settled and established—if in their favour, the criminality would then necessarily require a second consideration. The honor and reputation of the officer thus charged, as well as the respect due to the gentleman who had brought forward the accusation, required a steady, uniform, and disinterested examination of every question from us.
Under this view of the subject, Mr. Boudinot said, he should avoid the defultory mode of argument that had been run into on both sides, and confine himself to the nature of the facts charged, and the evidence adduced in support of them. The short time that yet remained of the session, was too precious to waste in collateral arguments, or the consideration of merely presumptive proofs.
The first charge in the resolution now before the committee, was, "That the Secretary of the Treasury has violated the law passed on the 4th of August 1790, making appropriations of certain monies authorised to be borrowed by the same law, in the following particulars, to wit:
"1st. By applying a certain portion of the principal borrowed, to the payment of interest falling due upon that principal, which was not authorised by that or any other law."
"2d. By drawing part of the same monies into the United States, without the instruction of the President."
These specific charges make it necessary for us to understand determinately the terms of the act mentioned in the resolution, and the nature of the proof offered in its support.
By the act of the 4th August 1790, sect. 2d,—"The President of the United States is authorised to cause to be borrowed, a sum or sums not exceeding in the whole 12,000,000 of dollars; and that so much of this sum as may be necessary to the discharge of the arrears of interest on loans heretofore made by the U. States in foreign countries, and the instalments of the principal of the said foreign debt, and (if it could be effected upon terms advantageous to the United States,) to the paying off the whole of the said foreign debt, be appropriated solely to these purposes, and the President was moreover further authorised to cause to be made such other contracts respecting the said debt as should be found for the interest of the said states."
It is asserted by the prosecutor of these charges that this act contains an emphatic appropriation
of the whole of the 12,000,000 of dollars to the payment of the foreign debt.
By a letter to Mr. Short of 9th May, 1791, read in the committee, it appears, that a loan of 3,000,000 of florins had been made; and that one half only was appropriated to the payment of our debt to France; and that 800,000 florins was to be drawn to this country. This was said to be contrary to the terms of the appropriation, and without authority; and the Secretary's report of Jan. 3d, 1793, fol. 3, was referred to, in proof of the fact—"that the interest arising on the principal borrowed under this act, was paid out of that principal," when by the same law, part of the domestic revenues of the United States, was appropriated to that purpose: The words of the report are, "payments on account of other foreign loans made and to be made to the first Jan. 1793, inclusively."
Feb. 1, 1791,—289,783, florins 6 stivers, with several other payments on the same terms, till Jan. 1st, 1793, amounting in the whole to 1,833,189 florins, 2 stivers, 8 den. These payments were asserted to be on account of interest on the principal borrowed, but without further proof.
By the report, fol. 4, it appears that on the 1st of Feb. 1790, there was borrowed no more than 1,161,000 florins, on which was due the 1st of Feb. 1791, one year's interest, amounting at 5 per cent. to 58,350 florins; but this evidence proves that 289,783 florins were paid on that day. Can gentlemen be serious when they assert that this was for interest on this principal borrowed being almost 25 per cent. per annum, instead of five. This certainly is an inattention to the subject that the serious nature of the charge, cannot justify.
Mr. B. then asserted that on a critical examination of these items, they will be found to be instalments of the Dutch loans made by the old Congress; and which this money was expressly appropriated to discharge.—But Mr. B. said he did not mean to avoid the fact, had it been proved, but he denied that any evidence so it rose from this testimony.
The President was generally authorised to make the loans.—Money arising from a domestic fund was appropriated to pay the interest. It happened that this loan was made in Europe, to the amount of 3 millions of florins:—Part of it was to be drawn to this country, but before that event interest became due; this was paid out of the monies intended to be drawn into this country, and re-paid by the fund here, to prevent the unnecessary sending the monies from one country to the other.
Mr. B. asked, if the Secretary of the Treasury had acted otherwise, would any man in his senses have thought him worthy of the trust committed to him? But the gentleman has proceeded on this charge, (and has so expressed himself) as if this loan was exclusively made under the act of the 4th August, mentioned in the resolution before us, and therefore was wholly appropriated by law to the payment of the foreign debt, and ought not, in any part, to have been drawn into this country for other purposes. This brings to consideration the act of the 12th August, 1790, passed eight days after the act alluded to. By the 4th section of this act, "the President of the United States is authorised to cause to be borrowed, a sum or sums not exceeding 1,000,000 of dollars at an interest not exceeding 5 per cent.; and that the same should be applied to the purchase of the debt of the United States. The difference between these acts was, by that of the 4th of August, the President had a discretion as to the application of the sum borrowed towards payment of the whole of the foreign debt over and above the instalments, depending upon terms of advantage to the United States.
By the second act, there was no discretion, the whole monies being positively directed by law to be applied towards the purchasing of the domestic debt. By the first there was no restriction in point of interest to be paid, but an injunction that the terms of repayment should be stipulated within 15 years.—By the second interest was restricted to 5 per cent. and no terms of repayment enjoined. By the preamble to the first law, the object of it appears to be the doing of justice, and supporting the public credit by the payment of the foreign debt"—by that of the second, "the reduction of the public debt, which would be beneficial to the creditors of the union by raising the price of their stock, and be productive of savings to the U. States."
By virtue of these acts the President thought proper to constitute the Secretary of the Treasury his agent to make the loans; and accordingly on the 28th August 1790, by a commission under his hand and seal, reciting both the said laws, authorised him, "by himself or any other person or persons generally, to borrow within the U. States or elsewhere, a sum or sums not exceeding in the whole 14,000,000 of dollars, subject to the restrictions and limitations in the said several acts contained."
With this commission the Secretary received instructions relative to the said loans in these words: You shall borrow or cause to be borrowed, on the best terms which shall be found practicable, and within the limitations prescribed by law as to the time of repayment, and rate of in-
terest of such sum or sums as shall be sufficient to discharge as well all instalments or parts, of the principal of the foreign debt, which now are due or shall become payable to the end of the year 1791, as all interest and arrears of interest which now are or shall become due in respect to the said debt to the same end of the year 1791.—And you shall apply or cause to be applied the monies which shall be so borrowed, with all convenient dispatch to the payment of the said instalments, and parts of the principal and interest, and arrears of the interest of the said debt. You shall not extend the amount of the said loan beyond the sum which shall be necessary for completing such payment, unless upon terms more advantageous to the United States, &c. &c.
These institutions related solely to the application of the 12,000,000, the 2,000,000 as before observed, being applied by law without any discretionary power to the reduction of the public debt.
Under this commission it is in proof the Secretary caused 3,000,000 of florins to be borrowed in Europe generally, without expressing particularly under which law, but reciting them both. He directed half of this sum to be applied to the payment of the foreign debt and part of the other half he appropriated for the purposes mentioned towards the reduction of the public debt. But it is insisted, that the whole of this money was borrowed, under the act of the 4th August, and therefore it was highly criminal to apply any part of it to the discharge of the interest arising on the principal so borrowed, there being another fund designed for that purpose. But it has clearly appeared, that the Secretary made this loan in Europe, where the interest was to be paid and had become due; the fund for its payment was in this country, and therefore if he was authorized to draw any part of that principal into the United States, it was a mere productive and economical operation, to pay the interest there out of those monies on the spot, and repay them out of monies here, where they were to be applied and by that means prevent the loss, of insurance and interest, that must have arose by any other negotiation. This question then depends wholly on the fact, whether this money was borrowed by virtue of both acts or under that of the 12th of Aug. exclusively.
The loan was made at 5 per cent. subject to charges and doucours of 4 and a half per cent. on the whole. The Secretary thought this within the act of the 12th of August, limiting him to an interest not exceeding 5 per cent.—This was the opinion of others besides the Secretary. Mr. Boudinot himself had been of that opinion, and at the time thought an application to the legislature unnecessary. But the prudence and caution of the Secretary led him to state this fact to Congress for their consideration and determination, who by an act of the 3d March 1791, declared their sense of the act of the 12th August, and that the loan was legally made under that act. The preamble to this act removes all doubt on this question: "Whereas it hath been made known to Congress, that the President of the United States, in consequence of an act making provision for the reduction of the public debt, (this is that of the 12th of August) hath caused a certain loan to be made in Holland, on account of the United States, to the amount of 3 millions of florins, bearing an interest of 5 per cent. &c. And whereas it hath been also stated to Congress, that the charges upon said loan have amounted to 4 and an half per cent. whereby a doubt hath arisen, whether the said loan be within the meaning of the said last mentioned act, which limits the rate of interest to 5 per cent. per annum. And whereas it is expedient that the said doubt should be removed—be it enacted, &c. that the loan aforesaid shall be deemed and construed to be within the true intent and meaning of the said act, making provision for the reduction of the public debt, &c."
This then puts an end to any dispute on this subject, and if this money was borrowed under both acts jointly or exclusively under the act of the 12th August, there can be no propriety or justice in the charge, that the Secretary had violated the act of the 4th of August, in applying part of this money to the purposes of the act of the 12th of August, under which the loan, as to a greater sum, was certainly made. By this act also the opinion of the Secretary of the meaning of the act of the 12th August, as to the restriction of the interest to 5 per cent. was confirmed, and of course all his proceedings under it. There can then be no foundation for the charge, and it remains unsupported by proof.
The next part of the accusation attempted to be supported, was the drawing part of the same "monies into the United States without instructions from the President." The instructions from the President as to the making the loans and applying them were only called for, he has therefore only reported these to the house—from this negative testimony it was presumed that no other instructions have been given. This is weak support indeed, to a criminal charge of this nature. I know it has been urged by one gentleman (Mr. Mercer) that the Secretary has been called upon for the instructions, and if he has failed to report them to the house, he ought to suffer—This shows how fallible gentlemen's memories are. There has been no call whatever

of the house on the Secretary for this purpose—our Journals do not show any. The requisition was to the President, and he has complied with the terms of it. But if we are to rest on presumptive evidence, the presumption is in favour of the Secretary. The President has not made objections to the conduct of his agent. He has mentioned the loans to Congress, without disapprobation. The agent was properly accountable to him, and he has not found fault with him; but in his speech at the opening of this and the last session of Congress, has expressed great satisfaction in the state of public affairs. But if the gentlemen who advocate this prosecution, really believed this fact, had they not in their power to have rendered the evidence certain to demonstration, by requesting by resolutions of the house, that the President would declare whether this money was or was not drawn in consequence of his instructions, or with his approbation and consent. Can any man suppose, that so responsible an agent as the Secretary of the treasury would presume (for his own sake) to proceed in so important negotiation, without the knowledge, approbation and directions of the President of the United States. But for argument sake, suppose the fact to be true, is not the Secretary an officer to superintend the collection of the public revenue? As soon as this loan was made under the act of the 14th of August, was it not his duty without further instructions, to draw the money into the United States for the purposes mentioned in the act; would he not have been highly culpable if he had left this money in Holland till the next session of Congress, and waited for a law authorising him to do so? It is really a reflection on the whole legislature, to suppose they would have directed a loan which should remain inactive on an interest of 5 per cent. without giving a power of application.
But it has been said that a larger sum, viz. almost 3 millions of dollars, has been drawn into this country, which was more than the President himself was authorised to do. If this is meant to criminate the President, we ought to know it. How does the fact stand? It is agreed that the President had a right to draw the monies loaned under the act of the 14th August, 2,000,000. He had a right to make such other contracts respecting the debt, as should be for the interest of the United States; in consequence whereof, the agent in Europe agreed with the national assembly or the executive of France, for the payment of 4 millions of livres part of their debt, in the produce of the United States, for the supply of St. Domingo, which made The interest to foreign officers amounted to about 191,316 90
2,991,316 90 This then makes about the sum that it is proved, was drawn for by the Secretary, and shows that he did not exceed the powers vested in the President for this purpose.
It has been also held up as highly criminal in the Secretary, that altho' he began to draw for this money in Dec. 1790, yet he never gave information to Congress or to the trustees for purchasing the public debt on the subject; but left them wholly in the dark with respect to so important a measure, when it was his duty particularly to have kept the house constantly informed, and that this could only have happened for the purpose of covering some improper design, or aiding individuals with the public monies of the United States.
To this charge Mr. B. said he had paid serious attention; for as on the one hand he would ever be ready to bring every defaulter in public office, however exalted in character, to condign punishment, where found guilty; on the other hand, he wished ever to be found giving full support to every good officer of government against unfounded charges of peculation and mismanagement of the public revenue. He had satisfied his mind on this subject, not being able to find a scintilla of evidence to support the charge, but abundant testimony to the contrary. First, Congress knew that this money was appropriated to the payment of the debts in this country—that the loan was made in Holland, and therefore that it must necessarily be drawn here for the purposes of the act.—2dly, by the report of the trustees of the sinking fund, fol. 12, under date of the 25th August 1790, is the following entry, "It is probable that it will be deemed advisable to pay the interest for the year 1791 on the amount of the foreign debt, out of foreign loans—There is one now matured for the acceptance of the United States, amounting to 3 millions of florins: the proceeds of which may be at command in the course of the present year. The expediency of an acceptance of the loan, and of an application of one third of it, to the purpose of the act, for the reduction of the public debt, is under the consideration of the President of the United States. Alexander Hamilton, Sec. of the treasury. This entry affords strong presumption against all the suggestions of the want of instructions from the President, or his ignorance of the proceedings of the Secretary.
3d. The speech of the President delivered to both houses of Congress on the 8th Dec. 1790, has the following paragraph: "In conforming to the powers vested in me by the acts of the last session, a loan of three millions of florins, towards which some provisional measures had previously taken place, has been completed in Holland." "The Secretary of the treasury has my directions to communicate such further particulars as may be requisite for more precise information."
4th. the report of the Secretary in conformity to that direction dated 24th February 1791, mentioning terms of the loans and application of monies.
5th. The preamble of the act of 3d March 1791, already read.
6th. In the report of the Secretary of the treasury of the receipts and expenditures from the commencement of the government to the 31st of Dec. 1791 is the following article of receipts.
FOREIGN LOANS. From the President, directors & Co. of the bank of North America, being the produce of bills of exchange, drawn on the agents for negotiating foreign loans in Holland, 229,269, 47 From President, directors & Co. of bank of New-York, being the produce of bills of exchange, drawn on the agents aforesaid, 132,141 87
Dolls. 361,391 34
7th. In the treasurer's account, commencing 1st Jan. 1792, and ending on the 31st March 1792, are found the following entries of receipts: "On the proceeds of bills of exchange drawn on William & Jan Willink, Nicholas & Jacob Van Staphorst & Hubbard, of Amsterdam, on account of loans made for the United States, per statement, Dolls. 402,902 89 In this account, commencing on 1st April 1792, and ending on the 30th June 1792: "On the proceeds of bills of exchange &c. in same words, 1,140,000 In his account commencing the 1st July 1792, and ending on the 30th Sept. 1792: "On the proceeds of bills of exchange &c. in same words, 1,000,000
Mr. Boudinot, after reading these vouchers, proceeded. These, Mr. Chairman, are the facts that have convinced my mind, at first much alarmed at the severity of the charges and the positive assertions of gentlemen, that discoveries would be made, showing corruption at the very heart of the government, these have convinced me fully, that this prosecution has been rashly brought forward without a proper examination of the transaction. My mind, in a conscientious research into the facts, has not been able to raise a doubt on which to found even a suspicion of the integrity or abilities of the Secretary in this whole negotiation. So far am I from considering those charges supported by testimony, that I consider the conduct of the officer concerned in this transaction not only wholly cleared up, but the measures he has pursued, as stamped with wisdom and official knowledge. So far am I from judging him reprehensible for the manner in which he has negotiated and applied these loans, that I think him deserving of the thankful approbation of his country, for his economy and strict attention to the true interests and credit of the United States. I rejoice, Sir, that after so full and zealous an investigation, this officer, though un-bearded, appears to be free from even a suspicion of mal-conduct in the whole transaction; this is not only honorable to him, but does credit to our country. On the whole, therefore, I am decidedly of opinion against the present resolutions, and shall give them my hearty negative. [To be continued.]
For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES.
Mr. FENNO, S charges against the executive officers of the general government have lately become fashionable, I beg leave through your paper to lay the inclosed resolutions before the House of Representatives of the United States.
What I really am, is a matter of no consequence to any one—but I profess to be a man of great candour and to be influenced by no motive beside that of the public good; I am clearly of opinion that capable servants are dangerous to the public safety—that they should often be charged with maladministration, either before, or without the production of evidence, simply to introduce the goodly principle of rotation in office—that when they obtain influence by eminent abilities and usefulness, the United States should adopt the Athenian plan and subject them to irrevocable ostracism—that when violations of official duty are charged, there should always be a promise on the part of the accuser to acknowledge his error when proved, but every care should be taken to elude performance whatever proof may be produced on the part of the accused; in short I fully acquiesce in the doctrine of old Hudibras, and make it my invariable practice that
"When convinced against my will, I'm of the same opinion still." These with the principles contained in the following resolutions are mine, and I hold myself to be as staunch a democrat as any the dominion can produce. MARAT.
ARTICLES OF Impeachment against ALEXANDER HAMILTON, Secretary of the Treasury.
1st. RESOLVED, That every officer of the United States who by talents and integrity—by important services and republican manners, conciliates the esteem and affection of the people, "violates the law" of equality—is an aristocrat—exposes the counsels of the United States to consistency, stability, and confidence, and therefore is highly reprehensible.
2d. RESOLVED, That a violation of the law of equality is the violation of the people's right, which requires that every free man, should enjoy the privilege of despising talents—degrading worth and demolishing reputation, by resolutions uninvestigated and un-founded.
3d. RESOLVED, That the Secretary of the Treasury has been guilty of a violation of this law of equality. 1. By his long and distinguished services during the late war. 2. By his indefatigable exertions to effect the establishment of the federal government. 3. By his fidelity and industry in the discharge of his present office, by which he has obtained the confidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens, and is likely from his talents, virtues,
and services, to overshadow other men who have a State claim to greater importance than himself.
4th. RESOLVED, That it is reasonable to presume that the Secretary of the Treasury has deviated from the instructions of the President.—Because the President who is singularly inattentive to the conduct of his agents and universally regardless of the public interest, has omitted to enquire into the measures the Secretary has pursued, but has knowingly suffered him contrary to express orders, to mismanage those public finances, which Congress had confidentially charged to the President's care.
5th. RESOLVED, That the Secretary of the Treasury has omitted to discharge an essential duty of his office in failing to give the citizens of this house, at once, information of his measures, and capacity to understand them—that he has said too little for those who wish to detect him in errors and contradictions—yet so much as to bewilder those who are too indolent to examine the reports with attention.
6th. RESOLVED, That the Secretary has ex officio, and without instructions ventured to promote the interest of the United States, by construing a doubtful authority according to its spirit, without adhering to what some deem the strict letter—that he has thus avoided a manifest absurdity—has saved some thousands of dollars, which should have been sacrificed for the honor of government—and that he has "omitted to discharge an essential duty of his office in failing to give information" of these services, where a detail of them was superfluous, or would possibly either have been forgotten or misrepresented, had they been communicated.
7th. RESOLVED, That "the Secretary of the Treasury did not consult the public interest" by borrowing a sum of money at 5 per cent. of the Bank, when it might have been had elsewhere at 7 and upwards—that he applied this to the support of public credit by paying demands on the federal Treasury as they became due, instead of relying for this purpose on funds already appropriated, or on bonded duties, payable at a remote period.
8th. RESOLVED, That the Secretary has been guilty of an indecorum to the citizens of this House, in presuming to judge for himself, on facts obvious to every one—in obliquely suggesting, that he was capable of distinguishing between motives and public good, and private envy—for defending himself in too independent a manner against charges of corruption—for proving certain wild statements of his own accounts to be "one tissue of error"—for comprehending the true import of orders he had received, and failing to obtrude information, for which he had never been called on.
9th. RESOLVED, That he be convicted of these charges without a hearing; that he therefore be adjudged a dangerous minister, and dismissed from office—because his "administration" instead of "disgracing Pandemonium" will probably ensue him too much confidence and popularity in violation of true democratical equality, and in prejudice of certain "pure and virtuous characters," who would fain rise upon the ruins of his reputation.
For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES.
PRINCETON, March 15, 1793. The following is an extract from a letter lately received.
"IN Mr. Fenno's paper of the 13th March, there is a speech of one of the members of the National Convention of France, that contains sentiments which must excite disgust and horror, in every mind, not wholly debauched and hardened. They are uttered by a M. DUPONT, and applauded with shouts of acclamation by almost the whole convention.—What! (he exclaims) Monarchies are extirpated—thrones are overturned—and sceptres are broken to pieces—Kings are no more; yet the altars of God remain. Shame to the enlightened spirit of Frenchmen! Will you permit still to exist these ignominious monuments of our ignorance and weakness? You have freed your country from the bondage of execrable tyrants; rescue them also from the infamous dominion of superstition, that enslaves and shackles the mind. Nature and Reason—these ought to be the Gods of man—these are my Gods. Kings and Priests are leagued in one cursed design—and the cursed instrument of the latter, is eternal fire." Let others tremble at this terrific bugbear. As for me, I despise it; as for myself, I here honestly confess to this Assembly, I am an Atheist.
"What are we to think of such an open avowal of sentiments, so absurd and so ruinous. From the thunders of applause with which they were received, they appear not to be confined to a single breath. They express the feelings, the genuine and undigested feelings, of the greater part of the Convention. Heaven defend us from such corrupted and mischievous principles. May our manners be preserved simple, and our morals pure—and may we establish our national safety and glory in national strict justice and unaffected piety. May we reprobate the folly and wickedness of the wretch who dares to question the existence of that Providence, whose arm was so lately and so manifestly bare for our defence and happiness. May we not be ashamed publicly to declare to the world that we are the humble and grateful worshippers of the "only living and true God." For myself, were the assembled universe before me, I would not blush to acknowledge, that I conceive it my distinguished privilege, my highest honor and unspeakable delight, to know, avow, and love, that Being who reigns in heaven and rules upon the earth."
FROM THE AUGUSTA CHRONICLE.
If a man might conclude, a Correspondent observes, on the posture of our affairs—the administration of the general government, even the integrity of our purest characters, from some inflammatory northern writers, he
must lament, to find our condition irretrievably desperate—the administration as rotten as the British, and a combination formed, to impose on the United States the semblance of virtue.
To this representation is super-added the hackneyed dirges of an army unpaid—speculators enriched, foreign debts uncomplied with, and in a word, every brace and spoke in the wheels of government unfit for operation, and likely to continue so until certain charlatans shall assume the supreme direction of a republic to whose principles they were, and ever will remain opposed.
Tho' every syllable of this is refuted and laughed at, yet it is the duty of every good man who has the superintendence of a FREE PRESS, that inextinguishable ENGINE of public happiness, reserved for the last ages of the world, so far to notice such productions as to preserve as much as possible, within the extent of his own circle, every good citizen from the baneful anarchical contagion intended to spread from the virtuous labors of those ingenious men, so eager to change the whole system to have it administered on new principles and for sinister purposes.
EXTRACT from Dr. HENRY'S HISTORY.
"SLAVES still continue to be a capital article, both in the internal and foreign trade of Britain. When an estate was conveyed from one proprietor to another, all the villains or slaves annexed to that estate were conveyed at the same time, and by the same deed. When any person had more children than he could maintain, or more domestic slaves than he chose to keep, he sold them to a merchant, who disposed of them either at home or abroad, as he found would be most profitable." It was a common vice, (says Giraldus Cambrensis) of the English when they were reduced to poverty, that rather than endure it patiently, they exposed their own children to sale. Many of these unhappy persons were carried into Ireland, and no doubt into other countries, and there sold. A strong law was made against this barbarous kind of commerce, in a great council held at St. Peter's, Westminster, A. D. 1102. "Let no man, for the future, presume to carry on the wicked trade of selling men in markets, like brute beasts, which hitherto had been the common custom of England." But this law did not put an end to the trade in slaves. For in the great council held in Armagh, A. D. 1114, the whole clergy of Ireland, after having deliberated long concerning the cause of the calamities with which they were threatened, by the invasion of the English, at length agreed, that the great judgment had been inflicted upon them by the displeasure of God, for the sins of the people; particularly for their having bought so great a number of English slaves from merchants, pirates and robbers, and for detaining them still in bondage. They therefore decreed, That all the English slaves in the whole island of Ireland, should be immediately emancipated, and restored to their former liberty."—History of England, vol. 6. p. 267, 268, 269.
Foreign Affairs, By the Ship Favourite, arrived on Monday last, from Liverpool.
LEPSTADT, Dec. 24.
THE day before yesterday arrived here M. Fayette, and his companions, under the escort of two commissioned officers and ten fusiliers. They set out from hence yesterday on their way to Magdeburg.
VIENNA, Dec. 26.
Accounts have been received at Presburgh, in Hungary, that the Porte is resolved to take the field against Russia. Near Akierman in Bessarabia, 20,000 Russians are stationed, and 25,000 more near Choczim, to watch the motions of the Turks.
WARSAW, Dec. 22.
Letters from Cherson state, that the Russians are fitting out a fleet at Sebastopol; to meet the French, who with to appear with a formidable fleet before Constantinople.
BERLIN, Dec. 29.
By a courier who arrived here on the 24th from the army, we have received certain intelligence, that his Majesty will pass the winter with his troops. He will probably stay some days with the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel; but he intends by his presence to hasten and direct the dispositions for another campaign against the French. It will be carried on with the utmost vigour, and the court of Vienna will make efforts proportionate to the greater interests which it has in the war. The forces of the two powers will act separately, but they will probably be augmented by troops from the principal Germanic States; for it appears there will be no distinct army of the empire, and that the contingents of the different Princes will serve with the Austrian and Prussian troops.
PARIS, Jan. 8.
This morning the Convention decreed, that till the resumption of the trial of Louis XVI. which is postponed till Monday next, they will attend solely to the subsistence and the cloathing of the army.
NATIONAL CONVENTION, JAN. 5.
Mareschal Luckner, detained at Paris by a decree of the Convention, obtained to-day the permission of retiring wherever he pleased.
Manuel read a list of the new members of the committee of General Safety. The names of Chabot, Talien, Ingrand, and others of the same stamp, were no longer in it.
Marat cried out, as he heard it read, that there was a conspiracy against the good citizens; and the assembly laughed.
Paine was expected to deliver his opinion yesterday on the trial of Louis, but had not an opportunity. His opinion, which is well known, is, that Louis should be kept in safe custody during the war, and then banished from the territories of the Republic.

The great of good America
LONDON, January 15.
Yesterday was the day on which the National Convention were to determine, at least how the votes should be collected for the decision, relative to the perfidious Louis. From their determination of this question his fate may be foreseen. If the votes are to be collected openly, it is meant that the members should be deterred from giving what they call a pardon; if otherwise, he will be saved.
All the speakers who have hitherto given their opinions on the trial of Louis XVI. seem unanimous in the conviction of his guilt, but they are divided as to the policy of putting him to death. The world is anxious to know what will be the sentiments expressed by citizen Egalite on this interesting subject.
Lord Howe is certainly to command the channel fleet.
By the advices at Lloyd's, thirty sail of East-Indiamen are on their passage home; and, in case of hostilities breaking out between this country and France in the course of two months, it is more than probable, the greater number of these valuable ships will fall to the lot of our cruizers.
Government have determined upon fortifying our West-India islands.
Mr. Dundas, we are informed, suggested an idea of the Negroes upon them being employed, instead of sending over, at a considerable expence to the nation a sufficient number of hands for that purpose; he has consulted several of the first merchants in this city. We understand that the plan is agreeable to them, and will be observed by Government.
Commodore Gardner, whom, when we name him again, we shall hope to call Admiral, has recommended to the Admiralty a plan for the relief of those seamen who have claims upon the bounty of government, but cannot yet be admitted into Greenwich Hospital.
Yesterday morning letters were received at the Admiralty Office, Charing Cross, from Commodore Murray, who is now at anchor in the Scheldt. They were sent off by the Commodore on Thursday last. The French gun boats which lately entered the Scheldt, it now turns out, proceeded but a little way, they ran aground between high and low water, and the French quitted them in their small boats, intending to return at high water; but before they came back, the Dutch had fairly thrown a bank of earth round them. The French finding it impossible to move the boats, have deserted them. No French vessels of any kind had either entered or quitted the Scheldt, from the time Commodore Murray anchored there till the date of his dispatches.
Philadelphia, March 20.
By the Ship Trial , Capt. Watts, in 39 days from Lisbon, the following Interesting Intelligence was received.
FRANCE. NATIONAL CONVENTION. TUESDAY, JANUARY 15.
The final judgment of LOUIS XVI.
THE nominal call being terminated, M. Vergniaux, the President, rose, and spoke as follows: "Out of 735 voters, 26 have been absent by leave; five by illness, one for cause unknown; 26 have made divers declarations; and 693 have voted for the question in the affirmative—I do declare, in the name of the Convention."
THAT LOUIS CAPET IS GUILTY OF HIGH TREASON, AND OF ATTEMPTS AGAINST THE GENERAL SAFETY OF THE STATE.
Here the second question was put, "Shall the APPEAL to the PEOPLE TAKE PLACE?"
A great number of the members spoke for and against the appeal; and almost every one of them seemed apprehensive of all the complicated horrors of civil war.
When Louvet and Manuel gave their vote respecting this question, they expressed in the strongest language, their indignation at having heard one of the nearest relatives of Louis vote for his death.
Soon after M. EGALITE came to vote on the second question, he said—"I only mind my duty, and I do vote that the appeal shall not take place."
Clootz voted against the appeal.
The nominal call was determined at eleven o'clock, and the following was the result:
 Members absent 20  Members who did not give their vote 10  Sick Members 3  Absent Members without cause 3  Members for the Appeal 283  Members against the Appeal 424  Majority against the Appeal 280 
Here Barrere, the President, rose, and said: "THE NATIONAL CONVENTION DOTH DECREE, THAT THE SENTENCE WHICH IT SHALL PRONOUNCE UPON LOUIS CAPET, SHALL NOT BE REFERRED TO THE APPEAL OF THE PEOPLE!"
SENTENCE PRONOUNCED. AGAINST LOUIS THE SIXTEENTH.
PARIS, JAN. 17.
Thursday, half-past nine in the Evening. I am sorry it falls to my lot to communicate to you the most distressing intelligence of the event which has just taken place.
The National Convention after sitting near 34 hours, has just voted, that the punishment of
DEATH
SHALL BE INFLICTED ON HIS MOST CHRISTIAN MAJESTY.
This unjust and iniquitous judgment was carried by a majority of rather more than a hun-
gred. Fifty of this number, though they voted for death, differed in opinion from the rest in respect to the time when it should be inflicted, some thinking it should not be put in execution till the end of the war, and others proposing that it should be postponed till the sense of the people should be taken. Pétion and many of the leading members, voted for death, with these restrictions.
Amazement and terror appear universally to prevail; and the confusion of those who are known to have been attached to the Royal Prisoner, can more easily be imagined than described. So great was the general terror during this long sitting of the Convention, that many of the Members, who went to the Hall on Tuesday morning with a positive resolution of saving the King, if possible, found themselves compelled, by the most urgent motives of personal safety, to vote against him.
There undoubtedly was great reason for this apprehension; for a most formidable mob was collected, which openly threatened by name, many of the members, to murder them upon the spot, if they did not vote for the death of the King.
I cannot express the horror which was painted in the countenance of every individual in the National Convention, where the very worst of mankind were assembled; when the Duke of Orleans gave his vote for the death of his King and relation. Even Manuel, in a very proper and spirited manner attacked him upon it.—This execrable branch of the House of Bourbon has had a remittance of more than 20,000 livres sent to him from England, by which he is in some measure enabled to defray the charge of the Assassins whom he and Robespierre have now in pay.
THE KING IS PERFECTLY RECONCILED TO HIS FATE.
The situation of her Majesty, Madame Elizabeth, and the Princess Royal is melancholy indeed. The latter has for some time been unwell; and the indecent conversation which took place in the convention, upon her Majesty applying for a physician, is not to be described. The Dauphin is perfectly well and universally beloved.
Letters by the Trial, say that the King of France had sentence pronounced upon him on the 17th Jan. —and was Executed the 21st, at 4 o'clock in the morning, by Torch-light—his Head being severed from his Body, fell into a hole below the Scaffold, and his Body was thrown in after it.
Captain Watts left Lisbon the 7th of Feb. and before he failed saw London papers containing the particulars of the Execution of Louis 16th.
Extract of a letter from Lisbon, dated Feb. 5th, inclosing some English Newspapers to the 22d Jan. received by the Trial.
There are some fresher papers in town but we could not get them. The unhappy and unfortunate Louis the XVI. has filled up the measures of his misfortunes, he was butchered on the 21st of January in a private manner, in consequence of a sentence of the Convention: this barbarous, atrocious act, excites horror and indignation, in every man's breast who is not a mad-man. A general war is now looked for as a consequence of this step.
Extract of a letter from a respectable mercantile house in Lisbon, to their correspondent in this city, dated February 8.
"We this day have received a confirmation that the King of France was executed the 21st of January, and think that war is inevitable."
Postscript of a letter dated Lisbon, Feb. 5, says—"The death of the King of France, who was beheaded, makes me change opinion about war, believing it impossible; and that the only respected colours will be yours [the American] in Europe. I am, &c.
Accounts by the Perseverance, Capt. Boys, who left Gibraltar the 13th February, say, that the Governor (Boyd) had received official accounts from Madrid, of the fate of Louis the XVI.
Extract of a letter from Gibraltar, dated February 12, 1793.
"We are still in a state of uncertainty, with respect to war or peace, but now the unfortunate King of France is no more, having been put to death on the 21st ult. we shall soon know what determination the powers of Europe will come to. Spain has agreed to join Great-Britain and Holland, against France, and are making great preparations for war. The Algerines have declared war against the Dutch, being displeased with the last presents they sent them—we have a strong squadron of Portuguese men of war here waiting, the Algerines say there is no danger of vessels under your colours coming to this place."
A letter from Hispaniola informs, that a frigate had arrived at Cape-Francois from France, with advices, that the enormous expence of carrying on the War (amounting to Five Millions sterling per month) had much embarrassed the Government; that General Custine had retired from Mentz, and was encamped near Landau, with two thirds of his army; and that the Prussian and German forces were collecting in large numbers near him.
The birth day of the President of the United States was celebrated at Legionville, by the army under the command of General Wayne, with those military honors and festive joy, becoming patriot-citizen-soldiers. Among other patriotic toasts given on the occasion, were the following:
 1. May our meeting with the Savages produce conviction to the world, that the American Legion are the only troops proper to oppose them.  2. Our Friend and Brother La Fayette—May a generous nation forgive his errors (if any) and receive him to her bosom. 
Members of the House of Representatives of the United States elected in South-Carolina; Lemuel Benton, for Georgetown and Che-ravans; and Alexander Gillon, for Beaufort and Orange-burgh Districts.
The following gentlemen have been elected in their respective Districts, Representatives:
in the Congress of the United States, from the State of North-Carolina—viz. Thomas Blount, James Gillispie, William B. Groves, Alexander Mebane, Matthew Locke, Joseph Winston, and Nathaniel Macon, Esquires.
Extract from the considerations and resolutions entered into by the citizens of London, assembled at the Crown and Anchor Tavern.
"We foresee, from recent experiment in a neighboring country, that in the operation of bringing to pass such a transition, the lives and properties of all persons in this island would be exposed to the arbitrary disposal of self-opinionated philosophers, and a wild and needy mob, deluded and instigated by them; that with the introduction of equality in rank and fortune, an expectation would be raised in the lower orders, which must first be gratified with plunder, and afterwards would sink into a state of disappointment and abject poverty. When all were equalized, there would no longer be a superfluity to pay the hire of servants, or purchase the productions of art or manufacture; no commerce, no credit; no resource for the active but in robbery, and in all those public disorders which make life miserable. Thus would the present generation be certainly ruined; that which is to follow, could not propose to itself a remedy, but in pursuing the same arts of peace which had been so capriciously abandoned: and the more they prospered in that pursuit, the more they would contribute to re-produce the inequality which had been before condemned and exploded. Where then are the blessings of this reform, and to what purpose is misery to be brought on the present generation?"
"It is with grief we see, that in a neighbouring country, the carrying into practice of this wild doctrine of Equality and the Rights of Man, has already produced these evils, and others ten thousand times greater. It is not yet publicly known, nor can it enter into the gentle heart of a Briton to conceive, the number of atrocious crimes against God and Man, that have been committed in support of these opinions. Murders and assassinations have been deliberately planned, and justified by some of these pretended philosophers, as the means to attain their ends of reform. With all their pretences and promises, they have proceeded to violate every right, civil and natural, that should have been observed towards their equals; the people, who have only changed their masters, groan under new tyrannies of which they never heard or dreamed; and are subjected to the chastisement of one desperate leader after another. The excesses of these Russian demagogues have no bounds; they have already surpassed the wildest phrenzies of fanaticism, superstition and enthusiasm; plundering and murdering at home, and propagating their opinions by the sword in foreign countries; imposture, fallacy, falsehood, and bloodshed; their philosophy is the idle talk of school boys; and their actions are the savage ferociounes of wild beasts."
GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF PENNSYLVANIA. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, FRIDAY, March 15, P. M.
The House resumed the consideration of the further report of the committee of ways and means, which had been postponed the 21st Feb. last, and the following resolution being under consideration, viz. that £2500 be granted for enlarging the building for Congress; the same was agreed to—
Mr. Gallatin next moved to re-consider the 2d resolution contained in the said report—viz. for granting £7500 to complete the Presidential house, which was proposed to be borrowed on loan, reimbursable out of a tax of 50 dollars a night on each performance, at the respective Theatres in the city and county of Philadelphia, and in case of that not being sufficient, the deficiency to be made up out of the tax on pleasurable carriages in this State; Mr. Gallatin's motion was to re-consider the above, in order to introduce the following in lieu thereof, viz.
That the house intended for the use of the President of the United States, together with the lot of ground whereon the same is erected, to be vested in the corporation of the city of Philadelphia; provided that they shall pay and discharge so much of the loan for 20,000. obtained from the bank of North-America, as was applied to the purchasing of the ground and erecting the house. That the duty upon Vendues be granted for ever to the said corporation, with power to modify or repeal the same. That the said corporation be vested with the power to borrow a sum of money sufficient to complete the said house, and to raise a tax upon the Theatre, or in such manner as they may think convenient, upon the citizens of Philadelphia, in order to pay the loan thus obtained.
Whereupon, on motion of Mr. Hare, seconded by Mr. Bradford, ordered, that the said resolution be postponed until to-morrow.
BALTIMORE, March 14.
Yesterday arrived here, from Oporto, Portugal, which place he left the 10th of February, Capt. Pell, of the ship Eagle , who informs, that the day previous to his departure the post had brought intelligence that the KING OF FRANCE WAS BEHEADED, and that the report was current there, and generally believed.
SHIP NEWS.
ARRIVED at the PORT OF PHILADELPHIA.   Ship Favorite, Heavy side, Liverpool  Tryal, Watts, Lisbon  Brig Hector, Baker, Port-au-Prince  Harmony, Dunphy, ditto  Swallow, Strong, Charleston  Chance, Oswald, Cape-Francois  Sloop Jafon, Taylor, Bermudas  Harrison, Camby, Virginia 
Morse's Geography,
Revised, corrected, and greatly enlarged, with many additional Maps, well engraved.
In a few weeks will be published, By THOMAS and ANDREWS, Fault's Statue, No. 45, Newbury-Street, Boston, In Two Volumes, large Octavo.
A NEW Edition of the AMERICAN GEOGRAPHY: Being the largest and the best system of Geography ever published: Or a complete GEOGRAPHY of the WORLD, brought down to the present time. IN TWO PARTS.
The General Contents are— PART I.—Of Astronomy, as connected with, and introductory to the science of Geography: under this head will be given an account of the several astronomical systems of the World, and a particular description of the true one. A table of the diameters, periods, &c. of the several Planets in the solar system—an account of the Comets and fixed stars.
Of GEOGRAPHY—its use and progress—figure, magnitude and motion of the Earth—Doctrine of the Sphere—Geographical circles—Divisions of the Earth into zones and climates—methods of finding the latitude and longitude of places from celestial observations—Globes, and their use—with a number of the most useful and entertaining Geographical Problems and Theorems—Maps, and their use—sources of heat and cold—theory of the winds and tides—length of miles in different countries—natural divisions of the Earth—account of the Gregorian or new style, &c.
AMERICA—Its discovery by Columbus—general description of the Continent, in which is a lengthy discussion of the question, When, whence, and by whom, was America first peopled? With a long and entertaining account of the Indians, and the late discoveries on the north-west coast, &c.—NORTH AMERICA—chronological account of its discovery and settlements, its divisions—DANISH AMERICA, BRITISH AMERICA, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA—general description of them, including a history of the late war, and many other useful and entertaining matters. SOUTH AMERICA—its divisions, particular description of its several provinces and countries. WEST INDIA ISLANDS, &c.
** This part of the work will be illustrated by maps of the countries described, from the corrected copies.
PART II.—Containing every thing essential which is contained in the best and latest quarto edition of Guthrie's and other British Geographies, with selections from celebrated navigators, travellers and respectable authors of other nations, &c.
Of EUROPE in general—its grand divisions, particular geographical descriptions of its several Kingdoms and Republics, &c. Of ASIA—its situation, boundaries, general history, particular descriptions of its several divisions, &c. Of AFRICA—its general history, boundaries, grand divisions, &c. Also, new discoveries, Terra Incognita, Geographical Table, alphabetically arranged—Chronological Table of remarkable events, discoveries and inventions, list of men of learning and genius, with other useful miscellany.
** This part will also be illustrated with maps of the countries described.
TO THE PUBLIC. THE Author is sensible that the first edition of his American Geography (which makes Part I. of the above work) was in many instances defective, in others erroneous, and in some offensive. It has been his endeavour, as it was his desire, in the present edition, to supply the deficiencies, correct the errors, and ameliorate the offensive parts of the last. To assist him in this business, he has received many valuable communications from the heads of departments in the general government, and from gentlemen of respectability in the several states. The description of foreign countries (which composes Part II. of the above work) has been carefully compiled from the most approved writers on Geography, and useful information introduced from the discoveries of the latest Navigators, Travellers, and respectable authors. Indeed, no pains nor expense have been spared to render this work the most complete, accurate, and useful of any ever offered to the public.
DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA, to wit.
BE IT REMEMBERED, That on the thirteenth day of March, in the seventeenth year of the Independence of the United States of America, THOMAS DOBSON, of the said District, hath deposited in this Office, the Title of a Book, the Right whereof he claims as Proprietor, in the words following, to wit.
"An Enquiry how far the Punishment of Death is necessary in Pennsylvania. With Notes and Illustrations. By William Bradford, Esq. To which is added, an Account of the Gaol and Penitentiary House of Philadelphia, and of the interior Management thereof. By Caleb Lownes, of Philadelphia. If we enquire into the Causes of all human Corruption, we shall find that they proceed from the Impunity of Crimes, and not from the Moderation of Punishments."—Montesq.
In conformity to the Act of the Congress of the United States, intitled, "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the Copies of Maps, Charts and Books, to the Authors and Proprietors of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned."
SAMUEL CALDWELL, Clerk of the District of Pennsylvania.
The above work is sold in Charleston by William Price Young: Richmond, by Archibald Currie: Baltimore, by James Rice: New-York, by Thomas Allen: Boston, by David West.
PHILADELPHIA. PRICE OF STOCKS.
 6 per Cents, 18 3/4  3 per Cents, 10 5/8  Deferred, 12 1/2  Full shares Bank U. S. 15 per cent. prem 

TO BE SOLD, Anoted covering Horse, OF THE HUNTING BREED.
HE was imported from England in November, seven years old and eighty-six, and is now ten years old; he is a bright bay, with a blaze, fifteen hands one inch high, is well formed, has a great deal of bone and strength, and his action equal to any horse. His colts are well approved of in the different parts of the State where he has stood, of which any person inclined to purchase can inform themselves.—Enquire of the Printer.
February 18, 1793. 8t
FOR SALE, By the Subscriber, at Walnut-Street Wharf, BILL OF EXCHANGE
Madeira Wine,
Fit for immediate use, in pipes & quarter casks,
TENERIFFE WINE, in pipes, SHERRY WINE, in quarter casks, WEST-INDIA RUM, 2, 3 and 4 proof, OLD BRANDY, OLD SPIRIT, COPPERAS, BRIMSTONE, ALLUM, Two Bales 10-4 BLANKETS, and A Bale of MUSLINS.
A new 13-4 Inch CABLE, 120 fathoms long.
GEORGE MEADE.
Philadelphia, Jan. 19, 1793. ephm
TO BE SOLD, OR LEASED
FOR SEVEN OR TEN YEARS,
THE FOLLOWING
HOUSES.
ONE on Walnut-Street, near Fourth-Street, 23 feet front, has two parlours below, the front one 21 1/2 by 17 1/2 feet, the back parlour is 18 by 14 feet. The front room up stairs is 26 1/2 by 17 1/2 feet. There are five good chambers in this house, besides the garret is divided into three rooms, in two of them there are fire-places.
The other House is 27 feet upon Walnut-Street, and 52 feet upon 4th Street; there are two good parlours below, one of them 25 by 20 1-2 feet, the other 25 by 18 1-2 feet, and seven complete bed-chambers; besides the garret is divided into 4 rooms, 3 of which rooms have fire-places. The kitchens are good ones, and are under the house; the largest house has also a house-keeper's room. It is intended there shall be a communication from both of these houses to a neighbouring ice-house, sufficiently large to supply 3 houses. Within 50 yards of these houses, there will be complete stables and coach houses, for both houses; they will be finished in the most complete manner, and the keys ready to be delivered early in the summer.
On paying half the money down (if sold) the other half may be paid by instalments, or the whole may remain for 5 years, paying interest and giving security on the premises.
For terms of sale or lease, apply to the Subscriber,
GEORGE MEADE.
Who has for SALE,
Sundry Ground Rents,
In this city, amounting to twenty-five pounds sixteen shillings and six-pence, per annum.
Also, a quantity of BAGS, that will contain two and a half and three and a half bushels.
Philadelphia, Jan. 19, 1792. ephm
City of Washington.
JANUARY 7th, 1793. A NUMBER of Lots in this City will be offered for sale at auction, by the Commissioners, on the 17th day of September next.—One fourth part of the purchase money is to be paid down, the residue at three equal annual payments with yearly interest on the whole principal unpaid.
JOHN M. GANTT, Clerk to the Com'rs.
Extract of an Act of the General Assembly of Maryland, concerning the Territory of Columbia, and the City of Washington.
"Be it enacted, That any foreigner may by deed or will, hereafter to be made, take and hold lands within that part of the said Territory which lies within this State, in the same manner as if he was a citizen of this State; and the same lands may be conveyed by him, and transmitted to and be inherited by his heirs or relations, as if he and they were citizens of this State: Provided, That no foreigner shall, in virtue hereof, be entitled to any further or other privilege of a citizen."
Jan. 19. tf
Insurance Company.
A general meeting (by adjournment) of the Insurance Company of North-America, on Wednesday the 16th instant,
It was Resolved,
THAT the Instalments which, according to the Constitution, will become due on the second Monday of July and January next, or either of them, may be paid by any Stockholder at an earlier period; and any Stockholder so paying such instalment, or instalments, shall receive a proportionate share of the Dividends thereafter to be made, calculating such share from the first day of the month succeeding such payments respectively. Extract from the Minutes,
EBEN HAZARD, Sec'y.
Philadelphia, Jan. 23.
NEW TEAS.
IMPERIAL, HYSON & SOUCHONG Of the very first quality, and latest importation from Canton, via New-York, by retail, at
No. 19,
Third, between Chestnut and Market Streets.
N. B. A few Boxes of the above HYSON for sale.
PLANS
OF THE
City of Washington,
Sold by the BOOKSELLERS, DOBSON, CAREY, YOUNG, & CRUKSHANK.
An Ordinance for securing the punctual Payment of the Monies due on the Subscriptions to the Society for establishing Useful Manufactures.
WHEREAS doubts have heretofore arisen with regard to the power of the Society to annex any penalties to the non-payment of the instalments, agreeably to the terms of the subscriptions. And whereas the Legislature at their last session, passed a supplement to the original law of incorporation, removing the said doubts, and fully authorizing the Directors to pass any ordinance they may think proper, to compel the punctual payment of the said subscriptions.
Sec. 1. Be it ordained, therefore, by the Governor and Directors of the Society for establishing Useful Manufactures, That if any subscriber or his assigns, shall neglect to pay the second payment of his, her, or their respective subscriptions, together with the lawful interest arising thereon, either to the cashier of the United States Bank Office of Discount and Deposit, at New-York, the cashier of the Bank of New-York, the cashier of the Bank of the United States, in Philadelphia, of John Bayard, Esq. in the city of New-Brunswick, in the state of New-Jersey, on or before the thirteenth day of April next: That then and in that case, all and every share or shares of such person or persons so neglecting to make such payments as aforesaid, and the monies by them previously paid, shall be forfeited, and forever thereafter vested in the said Directors, and their successors, for the common benefit of the said Society.
Sec. 2. And be it further ordained by the authority aforesaid, That if any subscriber, or his assigns, shall neglect to pay the third payment of his, her or their respective subscriptions, together with the lawful interest arising thereon, on or before the thirteenth day of May next. That then and in that case all and every share or shares of such person or persons so neglecting to make such payments as aforesaid, and the monies by them previously paid, shall be forfeited, and forever thereafter vested in the said Directors, and their successors, for the common benefit of the said Society.
Sec. 3. And be it further ordained by the authority aforesaid, That if any subscriber, or his assigns, shall neglect to pay the fourth payment of his, her, or their respective subscriptions, on or before the thirteenth day of July next, that then and in that case, all and every share or shares of such person or persons, so neglecting to make such payments as aforesaid, and the monies by them previously paid, shall be forfeited, and forever thereafter vested in the said Directors, and their successors, for the common benefit of the said Society.
Passed at New-Ark, 20th February, 1793.
(Countersigned) ELISHA BOUDINOT,
Secretary pro tempore.
BE IT KNOWN, that the proportion of specie which may be paid on the respective payments of every original share, by such Stockholders as prefer paying a moiety of said share in specie, in lieu of deferred debt, is as follows
Dols. Cts
On the 13th of April, 1793, with interest from 13th July, 1792, 7 63
On the 13th of May, 1793, with interest from 13th January, 1793, 7 86
On the 13th of July, 1793, 8 09
Stockholders in the said Society are hereby notified, that I, the subscriber, am duly authorized to make the requisite indorsements upon the certificates of shares which they may respectively hold, and that books of transfer are opened at my office, in Front-Street, New-York.
NICHOLAS LOW.
February 21, 1793. 12w13M.
A New Post-Road.
HAVING been desired to establish a post-road from Reading, in the state of Pennsylvania, to Williamsburg, at the Great Forks of the Genesee river, Notice is hereby given, that proposals will be received at the General Post-Office, for carrying a weekly mail between Reading and Williamsburg aforesaid, by the following route, to wit: the Great Road now improving between Reading and the town of Northumberland; from the latter place to Loyalsock creek; thence to Lycoming creek; thence in the new road to the Painted Post, on Tioga river; and thence to Williamsburg.
The proposals will be received until the 15th of March next, inclusively; the carriage of the mail to commence within one month afterwards.
Necessary Post-Offices are to be established on the route, and such persons appointed Postmasters as the Contractor shall name, and the Postmaster-General approve.
Within three months after the carriage of this mail is commenced, the Contractor is to state to the Postmaster-General the days and hours of its arrival and departure at and from the principal Post-offices, which experience shall prove to be most convenient; and thereafter the mail is to be delivered at the respective Post-offices at the hours so fixed, unavoidable accidents excepted, on penalty of one dollar for each hour's delay; and for the non-performance of a trip, the Contractor to forfeit twenty dollars.
The term of the contract cannot exceed eight years. During its continuance the Contractor is to receive the rates of postage by law established, and to have the exclusive privilege of carrying letters and packets for hire, such excepted, as shall be sent by a special messenger, or which are or shall be by law declared free.
TIMOTHY PICKERING, P. M. G. General Post-Office, Jan. 22, 1793.
ADVERTISEMENT.
NOTICE is hereby given, That the Commissioners appointed by the Board of Trustees of the University of North-Carolina, will attend at the town of Hillsborough, on the 18th, 19th and 20th days of April next, for the purpose of receiving proposals from such persons as may be disposed to undertake the Building of the University.
FREDERICK HARGETT, Chairman.
TICKETS
In the FEDERAL CITY LOTTERY, May be had at SAMUEL COOPER'S Ferry.
BANK OF THE UNITED STATES.
RESOLVED, THAT any person residing in Europe, who shall authorize the President, Directors and Company of the Bank of the United States, to receive annuities, or interest arising from the public debt of the United States of America, shall from time to time have authority to draw on the said President, Directors and Company, to the amount of the monies by them received, which drafts shall be paid without deduction and free of expence.—Or,
The President, Directors and Company, if requested, will remit the monies by them received to any part of Europe, free of expence and without deduction, in Bills of Exchange at their current value, and at the risk of the person to whom the same shall be remitted.
By the President and Directors, JOHN KEAN, Cashier.
JUST PUBLISHED, By Thomas Dobson,
Bookseller, at the Stone-House, in Second Street,
ENCYCLOPÆDIA: OR, A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, AND MISCELLANEOUS LITERATURE, On a Plan entirely new:
BY WHICH THE DIFFERENT SCIENCES AND ARTS are digested into the Form of Distinct, TREATISES or SYSTEMS: COMPREHENDING
THE History, Theory, and Practice, of each, according to the Latest Discoveries and improvements: and full Explanations given of the various detached parts of Knowledge, whether relating to Natural and Artificial Objects, or to Matters Ecclesiastical, Civil, Military, Commercial, &c. Including Elucidations of the most important Topics relative to Religion, Morals, Manners, and the Oeconomy of Life: together with a Description of all the Countries, Cities, principal Mountains, Seas, Rivers, &c. throughout the World; a General History, Ancient and Modern, of the different Empires, Kingdoms and States; and an account of the Lives of the most Eminent Persons in every Nation, from the earliest ages down to the present times. Compiled from the writings of the best authors, in several Languages; the most approved Dictionaries, as well as of General Science as of particular branches; the Transactions, Journals, and Memoirs of the learned societies, both at home and abroad—the MS. lectures of eminent professors on different Sciences: and a variety of original Materials, furnished by an extensive Correspondence.
The Seventh Volume contains a description of Mount Etna, Eudiometer, Exchange, Experimental Philosophy, System of Farriery, Feudal System, Fire, fixed Air, Fluxions, Food, Fortification, Fossils, history of France, Gardening, Gas, Geneva, Geography, Geometry, Gilding, Glass, &c. with a variety of articles in natural history, biography and miscellaneous. Illustrated with Thirty Eight elegant Copperplates.
CONDITIONS.
I. The work is printing on a superfine paper, and new types, (cast for the purpose) which will be occasionally renewed before they contract a worn appearance. II. The work is furnished in boards, in volumes or half-volumes, as subscribers chuse; the price of the whole volumes, five dollars each, of the half-volumes two dollars and two-thirds of a dollar each. Ten dollars to be paid on subscribing, the volumes or half-volumes finished to be paid for when delivered, the price of one volume to be paid in advance, and the price of each succeeding volume to be paid on delivering the volume preceding it. No part of the work will be delivered unless paid for. III. In the course of the publication will be delivered about five hundred copperplates elegantly engraved in Philadelphia; which by far exceed in number those given in any other scientific dictionary. At the close of the publication will be delivered an elegant frontispiece, the dedication, preface, and proper title pages for the different volumes. It is expected the work will be comprised in about eighteen volumes in quarto.
Those who wish to become possessors of this valuable work will please to be early in their applications, as the subscription is nearly closed.
Jan. 23.
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN away on the 25th instant, a likely Negro Man called ISAAC, about twenty-three years old, five feet six or eight inches high, a well made fellow, fond of talking, has a large mouth, and shows his teeth very much when talking; had on when he went away, a brown linen shirt, a short white kersey over-jacket with a very high collar and plain breast, with buttons which appear to have been very gay; a pair of white kersey breeches, a pair of white knit yarn stockings, a pair of shoes with strings in them, and a coarse hat; all the above clothes are almost new. Said Negro was formerly the property of Mr. William Thomas, late of Kent County, near George-Town Cross Roads, deceased, and has for several years been employed in that neighbourhood, and principally by a Mr. Maxwell, and lately by Messrs. John and James Carmack, as a waggoner, which business he is well acquainted with, and is what he prefers; and has been engaged in driving a waggon from said Cross-Roads to Duck-Creek, &c. until August last. I expect he will make his way for the neighbourhoods of George-Town, Duck-Creek, Dover or Wilmington. The above reward will be paid if delivered to me in this place, or Thirty Dollars if secured in any goal, so that I get him again. He is an artful fellow, and when taken, will make his escape, unless particularly secured.
EASTON, OWEN KENNARD. Talbot County, Maryland, Dec. 28, 1792. 2m
ADVERTISEMENT.
Those persons who have received Subscription-Money for the Gazette, and those who are in arrears for the same, are most earnestly requested to make payment to the Editor as soon as possible.
The price of this Gazette is Three Dollars per annum—One half to be paid at the time of subscribing.
By THOMAS JOHNSON, DAVID STUART, & DANIEL CARROLL, Esquires,
COMMISSIONERS appointed by Government to prepare the Public Buildings, &c. within the City of Washington, for the reception of Congress, and for their permanent residence after the year 1800—
A LOTTERY FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE FEDERAL CITY.
50,000 Tickets at 7 dollars, are 350,000 dollars.
LIST OF PRIZES, viz.
  1 Superb Hotel, with baths, & out houses, &c. &c. to cost $ 50,000   1 Cash Prize 25,000   1 ditto 20,000   1 ditto 15,000   1 ditto 10,000   2 ditto 5,000 are 10,000   10 ditto 1,000 are 10,000   20 ditto 500 are 10,000   100 ditto 100 are 10,000   200 ditto 50 are 10,000   400 ditto 25 are 10,000   1,000 ditto 20 are 20,000   15,000 ditto 10 are 150,000   16,737 Prizes Dollars 350,000   33,263 Blanks 
50,000 By this scheme at least the amount of the tickets will return to the fortunate adventurers, and yet the federal City will gain its object thereby, in a magnificent building designed both for public and private convenience.
Although some expence must necessarily attend the conducting of the lottery, (which expence will be taken from the principal prize) the Commissioners having agreed to present in return a sufficient quantity of excellent free-stone, together with the best adapted lots for the hotel and for the out-houses, the value of the lottery entire may be fairly rated at something more than par. In this important instance it will be found, on examination, to exceed all the lotteries that have ever been offered to the Public in this or perhaps in any other country. The keys of the Hotel, when complete, will be delivered to the fortunate possessor of the ticket drawn against its number.—All the other prizes will be paid, without deduction, in one month after the drawing, by the City Treasurer at Washington, or at such Bank or Banks as may be hereafter announced, for the convenience of the fortunate adventurers.
The drawing will commence on Monday the 9th of September next, at the City of Washington.
Tickets may be had of Col. Wm. Dickens, City Treasurer of Washington; Thayer & Bartlet, of Charles-Town, South-Carolina; Eldon Denison, Savannah; Messrs. James West & Co. Baltimore; Mr. Peter Gilman, Boston; and at such other places as will be hereafter published.
N. B. ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS will be given for the best Plan of an elegant and convenient HOTEL or INN, with hot and cold Baths, Stables, and other out houses, if presented on or before the 20th of April next; and a preference will be given to the Artist for a Contract, provided he be duly qualified to complete his plan. The ground on which the Hotel and out houses are to be erected, will be a corner lot of about 90 by 200 feet, with a back avenue to the stables, &c. Sections and estimates of the expense will be expected with the elevations, &c. complete; and 50,000 dollars must be regarded by the Architect at the utmost limit in the expense intended for this purpose.
S. BLODGET, Agent for the affairs of the City. March 6, 1793.
War Department,
JANUARY 23, 1793.
INFORMATION is hereby given to all the military Invalids of the United States, that the sums to which they are entitled for six months of their annual pension, from the 4th day of September 1792, and which will become due on the 5th day of March 1793, will be paid on the said day by the Commissioners of the Loans within the states respectively, under the usual regulations, viz.
Every application for payment must be accompanied by the following vouchers:
1st. The certificate given by the state, specifying that the person possessing the same is in fact an Invalid, and ascertaining the sum to which, as such, he is annually entitled. 2d. An affidavit agreeable to the following form:
A. B. came before me, one of the Justices of the county of _____ in the state of _____ and made oath that he is the same A. B. to whom the original certificate in his possession was given, of which the following is a copy (the certificate given by the state to be recited) That he served _____ (regiment, corps or vessel) at the time he was disabled, and that he now resides in the _____ and county of _____ and has resided there for the last _____ years, previous to which he resided in _____
In case an Invalid should apply for payment by an attorney, the said attorney, besides the certificate and oath before recited, must produce a special letter of attorney agreeable to the following form:
I, A. B. of _____ county of _____ state of _____ do hereby constitute and appoint C. D. of _____ my lawful attorney, to receive in my behalf of my pension for six months, as an Invalid of the United States, from the 4th day of September 1792, and ending the 4th day of March 1793.
Signed and Sealed in the Presence of
Acknowledged before me, Applications of executors and administrators must be accompanied with legal evidence of their respective offices, and also of the time the Invalid died, whose pension they may claim. By Command of the President of the United States, H. KNOX, Secretary at War.