Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1791-06-08 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 12, of Vol. III.]
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 8, 1791.
[Whole No. 220.]
TRANSLATED
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. A DISCOURSE OF STEPHEN BOETIUS,
Concerning voluntary Servitude: Or the Anti-One.
(Continued from No. 8 of this Gazette.)
B UT if, by accident, there should be born at this day a nation wholly new, not accustomed to subjection, nor habituated to the delicacies of liberty, and if they were ignorant of both, and scarcely knew their names: if you presented to them the offer, either to be subjected, or to live in liberty, to which would they devote themselves? We ought not to make any difficulty, in believing that they would love better to obey reason only, than to serve any man: at least every people would make this choice, except the Israelites, who without constraint, and without any necessity made themselves a tyrant: of which people I never read the history, without feeling such a resentment as to become almost inhuman, and rejoice in all the calamities that befel them. But certainly all men, who have in them any thing of the real character of men, before they suffer themselves to be subjected, they must be either constrained or deceived: constrained by the arms of strangers, as Sparta and Athens, by the forces of Alexander; or by factions, as the domination of Athens had once before come into the hands of Pisistratus. By fraud they frequently lose their liberty: and in this, they are not so often seduced by another as they are deceived by themselves. Thus the people of Syracuse, the master city of Sicily, which is called at this day Saragoſſa, being pressed by wars, inconsiderately adopting no order, but against danger elevated Dionysius the first, and gave him the charge and command of the army: and took no precautions, till they had made him so great, that this brave fellow, returning victorious, as if he had not conquered his enemies, but his fellow citizens, made himself of a captain a king, and of a king a tyrant. It is not credible, how the people as soon as they are subjected, fall suddenly into so profound an oblivion of their franchises, that it is not possible they should awake to regain them: Serving so frankly and so voluntarily, that one would say, at the sight of them, that they had lost not their liberty, but their servitude. It is true, that in the beginning they serve by constraint, and overcome by force: but those who come after, having never seen liberty, and knowing not what it is, serve without regret, and perform with a good will what their predecessors did by constraint. It is thus, that men born under the yoke, and afterwards nourished and elevated in servitude, without looking forward, contenting themselves to live as they are born, and not thinking that they have other rights, nor other property, than such as they have found, they mistake for their nature, the state of their birth. Yet there is no heir so prodigal and careless, as not to cast his eye sometimes upon his parchments, to see whether he enjoys all the rights of his succession, or whether any one has trespassed or intruded on him or his predecessor. Certainly custom, which has in all things a great power over us, has in nothing so great a virtue as in this, to teach us to serve: and, (as they say of Mithridates, who familiarized himself to drinking poison) to teach us to swallow and not to find bitter the venom of servitude. It cannot be denied, that nature has a great power over us to draw us as she will, and to make us properly be called well or ill born: but we must confess that she has less power over us than custom: because the natural disposition, however good it is, is lost, if it is not cultivated: and nurture and education makes us always what it will, in spite of nature. The seeds of good, which nature has planted in us, are so slender and delicate that they endure not the smallest injury from a contrary education. They grow not with more ease in their natural shapes than they are bastardized, transformed and brought to nothing, like the fruit trees, which have all some natural comixture, which they preserve well, if you suffer them to grow: but they yield themselves with equal ease, to bear a foreign fruit and not their own, as soon as you graft or inoculate them. The herbs have every one their peculiar properties, their natural singularity: but the frost, the season, the soil, or the hand of the gardiner, can either add or diminish much of their virtues. The plant which we have seen in one place, we are scarcely able to know in another.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
E L E G Y II.
W HAT unknown Beauty so majestic moves! Soft—let me pals her, on her charms to gaze; The look of loveliness my heart improves, Dear to my soul is female virtue's face. Heavens! 'tis the woman of my hopeles love! 'Tis she! 'tis she! the sovereign of my soul! Time's unrelenting trials cannot prove Of force energetic passion to controul. Blest be this hour of new-creating joy— Haste—let me follow where her beauty leads; Despair no more shall happiness destroy— Delightful extacy my grief succeeds.— —Where will my trembling transports bear me on! Reason thy power is banish'd from my breast.— Delusion's momentary reign is gone, Known but to break with agony my rest.— Such is the fortune of my wayward days, With frantic woe, convulsive sorrow, fraught; With peace that, flattering, to despair betrays; And all the keener pangs of torturing tho't. O I have strove, with carefulness, and pain, This hapless passion from my soul to rend; Have bent to study, sleepless toil'd for gain, And hail'd wild dissipation for my friend.— Rich in ourselves, with mutual fondness bles'd, We could have lived, the envy of the age; With equal love, caressing and caress'd, Have smil'd regardless of affliction's rage, For wealth to me is joyless and despis'd, I ask not riches, as I love not care; By me the smile of competence is priz'd, It gives contentment if it charms my Fair. On us, what greater joy could gold bestow But that it gave us liberty and ease; The power to heal the broken heart of woe, And human pleasure, human woe increase? Then, while the look of cheerfulness, and praise, The prayer of gratitude, thy footsteps bles'd; To fold thy beauties in a last embrace, And, life resigning, sink upon thy breast; Would be my earnest, and my only, prayer. But now remembrance, exquisite in grief, Fills all my anguish'd bosom with despair, And wrefts from Mercy's hand all kind relief. 1790.
C A R R Y L.
FROM THE CONNECTICUT COURANT.
T H E P R O M P T E R.
When a man is going down hill, every one gives him a kick.
T HIS, it is said, is very natural ; that is, it is very common . There are two reasons for this—First, it is much easier to kick a man down hill , than to push him up hill —Second, men love to see every body at the bottom of the hill but themselves.
Different men have different ways of climbing into ranks and office. Some bold fellows take a run and mount at two or three strides. Others of less vigor use more art—they creep slyly along upon their bellies, catching hold of the cliffs and twigs to pull themselves up—sometimes they meet a high rock and are obliged to crawl round it—at other times they catch hold of a prominent cliff or a little twig, which gives way and back they tumble, scratching their clothes and sometimes their skin. However it is, very few will lift their neighbors—unless to get a lift themselves. Yet sometimes one of these crawlers will lend a hand to their neighbouring crawlers—affect to pull hard to raise them all a little, then getting upon their shoulders, give a leap to an eminence, and leave them all in the lurch, or kick them over. The moment one begins to tumble, every one who is near hits him a kick.
But no people get so many kicks as poor debtors in failing circumstances. While a man is doing very well , that is, while his credit is good, every one helps him—the moment he is pressed for money, however honest and able he may be, he gets kicks from all quarters. His friends and his reputation desert him with the loss of his purse, and he soon tumbles to the bottom of the hill.
Two minutes advice to some of our readers.
Summer is the worst time for gourmandizing. The stomach is relaxed, and less capable of performing its necessary functions.
In this season the body is liable to fevers from the natural warmth, and is prepared to receive the noxious infection which occasions fever by its being relaxed through heat.
Every man to go to bed sober, and with as little supper as possible.
This advice to be stuck up in every tavern in town—If the Landlord will permit it.
FROM THE FEDERAL GAZETTE.
Mr. BROWN, I HEREWITH transmit you a very important Decree of the National Assembly of France on the subject of Tobacco—it has a tendency to prohibit the carriage of that article in American bottoms to France, and is therefore of serious consequence to our navigation and commerce—our rulers will do well to have an eye on the operations of the European governments, which one after another seem to aim at clipping the wings of our rising trade in proportion as they endeavor to protect their own—the consequences of these measures cannot but be felt in this country by and by, if not timely noticed and prevented.
Holland is about preventing the importation of teas but by their own East-India Company, in consequence of, it is thought, importations of that article from the United States to Amsterdam—Spain excludes our ships and people from all her colonies and lays heavy duties on our flour exported to them—France will shut up her colonies to us the moment her harvest shall be copious enough to enable her again to supply them—In Portugal our flour is prohibited and even our grain sold under many disadvantages and restrictions—To the Mediterranean the Barbary corsairs allow us no access, and our flag is scarce seen in that sea—Should a pacification happen between the Russians and Turks, the demand for our supplies of grain must be considerably reduced by abundant and cheap supplies from the Baltic.—But now for the Decree abovementioned, of which follows an accurate translation—
DECREE on the importation and exportation of Tobacco, and on the duties on the importation thereof.
Article 1. The importation of manufactured tobacco is prohibited throughout the kingdom, nor shall it be imported in the leaf but in hogsheads through the ports and in the ships hereafter mentioned.
2. Leaf tobacco shall be only imported by sea from the United States of America, the Spanish colonies, Russia and the Levant—these tobaccos must be imported direct, that is, those from the United States in ships of the said States, or in French ships—those from the Spanish colonies in Spanish or French ships—those from the Ukraine in Russian or French ships—those from the Levant in French ships only,—all importation of the said tobaccos in other bottoms is prohibited.
3. The importation of tobacco from the United States, the Spanish colonies, the Ukraine and the Levant, shall only take place at the ports following, to wit: Bayonne, Bordeaux, Rochefort, La Rochelle, Nantes, L'Orient, Morlaix, St. Maloes, Grandville, Honfleur, Cherbourg, Rouen, Havre-de-Grace, Dieppe, St. Valery on the Somme, Boulogne, Calais, Dunkirk, Marfeilles, Toulon, Cette, Point-au de mer.
4. It is further permitted to import foreign tobacco in the leaf and in good order whatever be the growth of it—through the custom houses of Strasbourg, Valenciennes and Lille, paying duties thereon of 25 livres per quintal.
5. The same duty of 25 livres per quintal shall be paid on all tobaccos imported in the ships of the United States, Spain or Russia.
6. A duty of only 18 livres 15 sols per quintal shall be paid on tobaccos imported in French ships direct from the United States, the Spanish colonies, Russia or the Levant.
The Assembly suspends the consideration of the importation of tobaccos from the colonies of France—by the above regulation a hogshead of tobacco imported in an American bottom into France pays about 12 dollars more duty than the same hogshead would do in a French ship—the motion had a good deal of opposition in the Assembly, and some friends of America warmly interposed, which occasioned one member wittily to observe—"these gentlemen are so much Americans that they forget they are Frenchmen"—the Decree was carried by a considerable majority.
REVOLUTIONAL ANECDOTE.
THE PATRIOTIC BISHOP.
A BISHOP in France, immediately on the publication of the decree which suppressed titles of nobility, placed a charity box in the most conspicuous part of his hall, and obliged every one who called himself My Lord , to put a half crown in it.

L O N D O N, March 28.
T HE Empress's navy abounds with English officers, who preferred her service, from the improbability that ever she would be involved in a war with England; if a war should actually be declared, the situation of those officers would be rendered very unpleasant.
Those who have not forgot how NEAR we were to actual hostilities against the Spaniards last year, will think it necessary to carry our present preparations much farther, before they give implicit faith to a war with Russia.—Nothing, in our opinion, is less probable.
The Empress's object is, obviously the ruin of the Turks; and therefore the overthrow of the balance of power in Europe. This is bad enough. But something more alarming to us, deserves to be mentioned; and that is, HER PROJECT FOR RENDERING HERSELF THE FIRST MARITIME POWER IN EUROPE, BY SPREADING HER NAVIES OVER NOT ONLY THE BALTIC, BUT THE BLACK SEA!!! And in this project she will infallibly succeed, if her career be not speedily stopped.
The European officers, who have been for some time resorting on the Turkish lines, now form a considerable body, and have communicated some new confidence to the army of the Grand Visir. There also the Asiatic troops began to return, and some new levies, of which the arrival was doubtful, have lately appeared.
APRIL 8.
"Grim visaged War" seems still to go on. The press has at length nearly reached the capital. It is not, indeed, seen stalking in our streets, nor has it yet invaded those dwellings about Wapping and the hermitage, which are generally the rendezvous of the brave and hardy sailor. But the river has been fairly swept from Deptford to the Nore. The merchant-ships are all stripped of their hands, and our outward-bound ships detained by it.
The Trinity house have provided pilots for the Baltic. It is not a little remarkable, that several Captains in the Russian and Swedish trade have actually refused their services on this occasion.
Russia still continues to menace the Turks with another campaign, far more bloody than the former.
The preparations in Germany keep pace with those in Russia, and there is every appearance of some great and important event on the part of the Emperor.
A Deputation from the Russia Merchants waited yesterday on the Duke of Leeds, for information respecting the safety and propriety of merchant-ships sailing for the Baltic. The answer was, "That in the present situation of affairs, nothing could be determined relative to the expediency of the departure of the ships for the several ports in the Russian Empire: That as soon as his Majesty's Ministers should be able to give any information on the subject, the Duke of Leeds would send notice to the Governor; but it was uncertain when that notice might be expected."
I S M A E L.
An account of the capture of this fortress has been published by authority at Petersburg, and in this it is stated, as a justification of the slaughter which took place, that, previous to the assault, Aidos Mechemet, the commander, was summoned to surrender, and informed that, upon resistance, no quarter would be given.
The Turkish garrison consisted of forty two thousand men, of whom thirty thousand, eight hundred and sixty were slain on the spot, and nine thousand taken prisoners. The latter number was diminished on the ensuing day by two thousand men who died of their wounds.
The loss of the Russians is stated at only eighteen hundred and fifteen men killed, with two thousand, four hundred and fifty wounded.
Two hundred and sixty-five cannon were found in the place, and four hundred and sixty-four in the Turkish vessels upon the Danube, burnt by General Ribas.
A description of the action we have before given, when the intelligence was new; the numerical particulars of the slaughter are now added, because, as they are printed by order of the Empress, the value of the conquest may probably depend upon them!
Extraordinary Will, made by a Miser, in Ireland.
These words are:—"I give and bequeath to my sister in law, Sarah Dennis, four old worsted stockings, which she will find underneath my bed; to my nephew, Charles Macartney, two other pair of stockings lying in the box where I keep my linen; to Lieutenant Johnson, of his Majesty's 5th regiment of foot, my only pair of white cotton stockings, and my old scarlet great coat; and to Hannah Bourke, my house-keeper, in return for her long and faithful services, my crackt earthen pitcher." Hannah, in anger, told the other legatees, that she resigned to them her valuable share of the property; and retired.
In equal rage, Charles kicked down the pitcher; and, as it broke, a multitude of guineas burst out; and rolled along the floor. This fortunate discovery induced those present to examine the stockings, which, to their great joy, were crammed with money.
KINGSTON, (Jamaica) March 19.
The circumstances which lead to the death of the gallant and unfortunate Col. Mauduit, have been much misrepresented. It seems that the troops lately from Old France, were no sooner landed at Port-au-Prince, than they revolted, joined the party which are contending for an independent legislature, and put their officers to defiance. Seduced by the example, Col. Manduit's regiment likewise deserted their colours, and joined the rest. In this situation, they thought proper to call to mind a disturbance that had formerly happened among the people, and which the Colonel had employed them to quell; and formed a determination to compel him to disavow his fidelity to the National Assembly, or deprive him of life. In this frame of mind, the officer was led to the scene of the former action, and there pressed to a compliance with their demands, which he peremptorily refused. They urged and threatened in vain. Firm in his opinions, the Colonel, first taking the cross of St. Louis from his bosom, and giving it to a soldier, and then breaking his sword in two, told his men that his honor was in his own keeping, his life was in their hands; and, baring his breast, he added, that his determination was fixed, and they might use their pleasure. At this moment a multitude exclaimed, COUPE! and in an instant a soldier severed his head with a sabre, while another pierced his body through with a bayonet. Thus fell an officer of tried bravery and good conduct, and who, but a few weeks before, had been crowned with a laurel, as the true friend and defender of the colony.
B O S T O N, May 30.
After the anniversary Election Sermon on Wednesday last,
His Excellency the GOVERNOR, in his carriage, His Honor the LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR, The Honorable COUNCIL, The PRESIDENT and SENATE, The Speaker, and several Members of the House of Representatives, Foreign Consuls, Strangers of distinction, Several Officers of his most Christian Majesty's Troops, The President of the University, Clergy, Private Citizens, Town Officers, Officers of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery —Castle—and Militia,
proceeded to Faneuil-Hall, escorted by the Independent Fusileers, under Capt. Laughton, where they partook of a sumptuous entertainment.—After dinner, the following toasts were given—
 1. Happiness to all mankind.  2. The PRESIDENT of the United States.  3. The States united, and the States separate.  4. The King of the French.  5. The King of Great-Britain.  6. The United Netherlands.  7. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.  8. The Town of Boston.  9. May the Ministers of Religion and Morality, be amply encouraged and prospered.  10. The National Assembly of France.  11. The Marquis la Fayette.  12. May wisdom and sound understanding be the stability of the free governments of America.  13. Long Life, long Health, long Pleasure.  14. The Officers and gentlemen of the Independent Company of Fusileers—may their obedience, alacrity and attention, be an example for others. 
The whole number of votes this year for Governor were 17,032—of which his Excellency John Hancock, Esq. had 15,996.
Whole number for Lieutenant-Governor, were 14,998—His Honor Samuel Adams had 13,032.
LEGISLATURE OF MASSACHUSETTS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
The committee appointed to count the votes for Governor and Lieut. Governor reported, that His Excellency John Hancock, Esq. was chosen Governor, and His Honor Samuel Adams, Esq. Lieutenant Governor of this Commonwealth.
At half past 12 o'clock His Excellency the Governor appeared in the House (where the Senate had convened) and in a short and pertinent address, informed the two branches of the General Court, That he had been politely informed by their committee of his having been re-elected to the office of First Magistrate of the Commonwealth, that he was fully sensible of the honour done him by this fresh instance of the confidence
reposed in him by the citizens thereof; that he experienced the highest satisfaction in contemplating that the welfare and happiness of the Commonwealth had ever been the chief objects of his concern, and that he should not fail of paying that attention to its interests which this repeated instance of confidence demanded. The President of the Senate then administered the oaths to his Excellency. Before the President of the Senate administered the oaths to his Honor Samuel Adams Esq. he addressed the two branches as follows:
MR. PRESIDENT.
BY the Constitution of this Commonwealth, powers sufficient for the preservation of the rights and liberties of the people and the well ordering of civil society, are annually delegated to such persons as the free citizens think fit to confide in. Those original rights of men, which are deemed to be by the laws of God and Nature unalienable, are secluded from the control of civil government; and are left to be exercised by each individual, at his own discretion without injury to others. It is a Constitution, not obtruded by any one man, or any number of men who might combine to gratify their own feelings to the exclusion of all others, but contemplated, deliberated, approved and adopted by the people themselves.
You are very sensible, Sir, there are advantages in frequently recurring to first principles.
It is the express language of this excellent Constitution, and I conceive it to be the clear voice of Nature and Reason, that "all power originally resides in the people; and being derived from them, the several Magistrates and Officers of government, whether Legislative, Executive or Judicial, are their substitutes and agents, and are at all times accountable to them." That "the people alone have the incontestible, unalienable and indefeasible right to institute governments, and to reform, alter or totally change the same, when they find their own safety, protection and welfare require it." That "the idea of a man born a Magistrate, Legislator or Judge, is absurd and unnatural."
May it not hence be inferred, that claims to hereditary right, to shares in sovereignty, or in the administration of government, transmissible to children, or relations by blood are usurpations of the natural rights of men, as well as totally repugnant to the first principles of our free Constitution. It is further declared, that "the people have a right, at certain periods, to cause their public officers to return to private life, and to fill up vacant places by regular elections and appointments." And, "that all elections ought to be free."
Upon these, and other like principles, the people of this territory did solemnly and mutually agree with each other, to form themselves into a free, sovereign and independent body politic or state.
When the year expired, in which I was called to officiate in the office of Lieutenant Governor of this Commonwealth, I freely and voluntarily complied with a rule of the Constitution, wisely calculated, and I conceive intended, to secure and perpetuate annual elections , and returned to my own native private station in the community.
A joint committee of the two branches of the General Court, have by their order informed me, that my fellow citizens have thought it proper again to elect me to the same office. I am highly honored by this repeated mark of their confidence. I accept the trust: And am ready, before this venerable and freely elected Legislature now convened for the purpose, to take and subscribe, the several oaths and declarations which the Constitution of this Commonwealth have made pre-requisite to my acting in the office. Having done this I shall use my utmost endeavor, to perform the duties required, diligently and faithfully, according to the best of my ability and understanding.
A petition from Mr. Winslow Warren was read. It stated the circumstances of his commitment for debt under the authority of the United States, and the peculiar hardships with which it was attended—and prayed that relief might be granted him by an act or resolve being passed explaining the law of the Commonwealth which granted the privilege of imprisonment in the gaols, to the United States, so as that the prisoners of the United States may not be precluded from the liberty of the yard, in such cases as are allowed by the laws of this State.
Referred to a committee who reported a bill agreeable thereto.
Died at Concord, the 16th inst. Col. JOHN BUTTERICK, in the 60th year of his age.—A widow and ten children deeply mourn the loss of a tender husband and kind father—and the town and Church sincerely regret the death of a very valuable member. His remains were interred under arms; and other marks of affection and respect accompanied his interment. The corps

was carried into the meeting-house, where an ingenious and well-adapted oration was delivered, to a numerous assembly, by John Merrick, Esq. His fellow-citizens were excited to such expressions of friendship and honor to his remains and memory, by a grateful sense of his patriotic and heroic conduct in the late American revolution, and particularly by the recollection of his bravery and firmness, on the memorable 19th of April, 1775, being one of the two who, at Concord bridge, led on the American militia to face and repulse the British troops. A number of fingers preceded the corpse, and as the procession approached the bridge, on the very spot where the deceased, in 1775, gave orders to return the British fire, they sung a well-chosen hymn, and moved on singing to the place of interment.
Let rising lois catch freedom's fire, And nobly imitate their fire.
Died at Roxbury, on the 27th instant, of a gradual decay, WILLIAM ERVING, Esq. a Member of the American Academy of Arts, &c. formerly an Officer in the army of his Britannic Majesty; whose service he quitted on the commencement of the troubles between Great-Britain and America.
We hear that, besides other charities, the late William Erving, Esq. has bequeathed 1000l. to the University—the interest of which he has appropriated by his will, to the Professor of Chemistry for the time being.
PROVIDENCE, May 28.
Yesterday, at one o'clock, P. M. David Comstock, convicted at the Superior Court in March last of the murder of Ephraim Bacon, was taken from gaol in a coach, to the place of execution. He was assisted in his devotions by the Rev. Mr. Snow, and appeared tranquil and resigned to his fate. He suffered about three o'clock, and after hanging 25 minutes, his body was taken down, and delivered to his friends. A detachment of militia attended, and a prodigious concourse of spectators were assembled on the occasion.
Yesterday was also assigned for the execution of Thomas Mount, in the county of Washington, for burglary.
Sunday last the ship Tristram, Capt. John Warner, arrived here in eight weeks from Dublin. He has brought a number of experienced manufacturers, for the cotton manufactory established in this town.
Dr. Carroll, Catholic Bishop of Maryland, arrived here on Monday evening last, on his way to Boston.
EASTON, May 31.
Mr. COWAN, A correspondent sends you the following extract of a letter from Dublin, dated March 12, 1791.
"EVERY thing wears here a singular aspect—We had yesterday a meeting of the citizens, pursuant to summons from the high sheriff, in order to censure that part of the address of the house of lords, moved by the Duke of Leinster, which insinuated, that the people of Ireland were a misguided set of men. This was agreed to with only four dissenting voices."
"It was unanimously resolved, that we never will, as magistrates or jurors, give operation to, or allow the force of, any English act of parliament; and that an immediate committee of correspondence be appointed to hold council with the rest of the associations of Ireland."
"The secretary came in about four, and in a speech of a long duration endeavored to explain to the house the purport and tendency of a bill for regulating the intercourse and commerce between Great-Britain and Ireland—after having urged a great variety of arguments to prove the propriety of proceeding by bill in preference to any other method, concluded with leave to bring it in."
"Mr. Connolly opposed the motion in the first instance, declaring that the bill, if suffered to be brought in, would totally take away their constitution, and leave them no commerce at all."
"Mr. Foster objected, and pledged his honor to give it every opposition in his power."
"Mr. Grattan, in one of the ablest and most eloquent speeches perhaps ever delivered in this house of parliament, opposed the bill as a door to vassalage and slavery, since it proffered commerce as a barter for constitution.—His speech was full of points—it was interesting, attractive, and sublime—The whole audience grew silent as he spoke, and, having caught the enthusiasm, were lost in admiration."
"James, you know the little fellow, he was upon his poor little legs for two hours and a half."
"The instant he sat down, Mr. Montgomery, member for your county, arose—He appeared to be perfectly familiar with the subject, and as usual proved his claim to patriotism, reputation, and a man of talents. The debate continued for some time with uncommon vehemence; all the great speakers, and the distinguished country gentlemen, took part in the business, and members from every part of the kingdom declared themselves against such a system."
"Parliament is now (thank fortune) prorogued until September.—We have had a very long and a very interesting session, endeavoring to procure by threats what I fear will soon be the result of blows.—If I guess wrong in this particular, I desire you may give no credit to any of my future prognostications." Island Creek.
ALBANY, May 30.
On Thursday last this city was honored with the presence of Mr. Jefferson, Secretary of State, accompanied by the Charles Fox of America, the celebrated Madison. We are informed they intend going North, as far as Lake Champlain, and from thence across the fifteenth Constellation, East to Connecticut River.
Yesterday, between three and four o'clock, the thermometer stood at 94 degrees in the shade; the hottest day last summer, it stood at 91.
NORFOLK, May 28.
Extract of a letter from a respectable House in Barbadoes, to a merchant in this town, dated April 29.
"The flour you shipped from Norfolk in March last, turned out remarkably well; and is thought to be equal if not superior to what is imported from Philadelphia or Baltimore."
On the Reception of the PRESIDENT at the several Towns and Villages, &c. in his Tour to the South.
AN IMITATION.
ALL tongues speak of him—aged fights Are pectacled to see him: The prating nurse Into a rapture lets her baby cry While she views him:—The rustic lassies pin Their richest gear around their sun-burnt necks Clambering the walls to eye him:—Stalls, trees, windows Are smother'd up; house-tops and ridges fill'd With various ranks of men; all agreeing In earnestness to see him—old Senators Do press among the popular throng, and puff To win a vulgar station: beauteous dames Commit the war of white and damask in Their nicely-gauded cheeks, to the wanton spoil Of Phebus' burning kisses. Such joyful shouts As if the VERY DEITY WHO GUIDES HIM Were flyly crept into his human powers To give him grace and honor!
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
SONNET TO JOY.
HAIL! heaven-descended Queen! to thee I breathe This fervent song, the incense of my soul! Too long has sorrow! dripping cypresses wreathe O'er-reach'd the source, whence liquid pearls would roll. Thy foul-reviving Form! I now behold In radiant beauty burst upon my sight, Thy clear blue eye, beams with a pure delight, Adown thy shoulders wave thy locks of gold. O'er all thy figure glows a nameless grace, A beauty that no mortal can behold, When the soft smile illumines thy blooming face; And not declare thee of celestial mould. O! dwell with me thou angel from the sky, And bid the Maid tear-loving sorrow fly.
BIRTHA.
"And wave thy shadowy locks of gold." Dr. DARVIN's address to May.
Philadelphia, June 8.
We are informed that the PRESIDENT of the United States may be expected to arrive at the Seat of Government, from his Southern tour, about the 25th instant.
Friday morning, for the first time, arrived in this city, the wagon which henceforward is to supply Philadelphia with Fish.
The following gentlemen were chosen, at the late election, to represent the city and county of New-York:—John Watts, William S. Livingston, John Wylley, J. O. Hoffman, William P. Smith, Henry Will, and Melanchton Smith, Esq's.
Extract of a letter from Boston, dated May 18.
"An action was tried here a few days since before a Justice of the Peace, in which black Peter, a negro, was counsel for the Plaintiff, and Mr. _____, a Lawyer of several years standing, counsel for the Defendant. The latter complained at being pitted with such an antagonist, and observed that it was unjust, and a manifest dereliction of every principle of propriety—a discouragement to every effort to acquire a competent knowledge of the profession of the law, to obtain which much study was requisite, and great expense necessarily incurred. The Justice observed in reply, that by the laws of the state, the plaintiff had a right to employ whom he pleased—and if Mr. _____ had any thing to say for his client, he might go on.—It is said that Peter and the Squire beat the Lawyer hollow; who lost his cause, and was very much chagrined."
The English papers state, that intelligence is received from India to the 2d December, but nothing decisive had then taken place between Tippoo and the British army.
In case of Hostilities between England and Russia, Sweden is determined to preserve a perfect neutrality.
The Dutch, by the last accounts, are fitting out a large fleet.
English Stocks were up again on the 12th April, occasioned by a report that the preliminaries of peace were signed between Russia and the Porte.
It is very problematical what will be the issue of the recent armaments in Great-Britain. If the Empress is firm, war appears inevitable.
Papers from New-York received by yesterday's mail, contain an account under the Paris head of April 4, of the funeral preparations for the interment of M. de Mirabeau the elder—The directory of Paris has resolved to wear mourning
eight days; and the municipality, that twelve of their body, with the mayor at their head, should attend his remains, and that they should wear mourning for three days.
All the places of public amusement were shut. His remains were to be conveyed to the Paris Church of St. Eutache, to be there deposited till a sepulchre is prepared for them.
His death is a great loss to the cause of liberty; M. de Mirabeau had been long considered as one of the great pillars of the new constitution.
Whatever "partiality our good Allies" may discover towards us in the Decree respecting our Oils, a correspondent would be obliged to any one who would point out the advantages conferred upon us by the Decree regulating the importation of Tobacco.
The remarks which precede the Decree published in the Federal Gazette, are founded on facts, and merit attention. The true interest of the United States consists in being as detached as possible from European connections, views and politics.
A letter from Amsterdam, dated the first of April, an extract of which is published in the Patowmack Packet, says the credit of the United States is firmly established in that country, and that it is expected their securities will soon be above par.
It is the opinion of many eminent Physicians, that canine madness is principally owing to dogs not having ready access, in hot weather, to fresh water, in the streets of large cities and other places.
A free press is not only a safeguard to freedom, but is also an honor to the country or state in which it is established—For as thro' prejudice, error, pride, folly, and a natural independence of spirit, mankind will imbibe and maintain various and opposing opinions, it is only from a fair statement of the arguments on both sides of every subject, that just and solid principles can be deduced.
SAYS A CORRESPONDENT,
I do not think with the paragraphist in your last, that age alone suggests a sufficient reason for the rejection of any customs, forms or ceremonies, which have heretofore obtained among mankind; but I do conceive, that as the rays of knowledge and common sense extend their influences thro' the civilized world, the barbarous ideas which have kept our species in the lowest degree of degradation, will be exploded, and man become more and more the friend and associate of man—which never can be the case, so long as riches, titles, honors and distinctions, draw such a line of separation between them. C
The credit of the United States, through the benign influence of the general government, and those financial arrangements which have been formed under its auspices, has emerged from the most depressed and abject situation. The stocks have risen beyond all experience and all parallel. If the expectation only of punctuality on the part of the government has been equal to producing such surprising effects, what may not reasonably be anticipated from that great active capital which will be created by the Bank system, to aid and facilitate the payments of individuals to the government, and of the government to its creditors?
There can be little doubt of the six per cents being very shortly above par. The holders of public paper would do well therefore to deliberate leisurely before they part with their stock.
The interest of the general government, is the interest of the States, individually—they stand or fall together—this idea proved paramount to that local jealousy, which, while it produced a wretched schism, would have kept us forever weak, and degraded.
The clause in the law for establishing the bank of the United States by which any particular State is precluded from a larger credit than 50,000 dollars, so far from striking at the sovereignty of the individual States—is, says a correspondent, calculated to produce directly the reverse effect; it puts every State upon an equal footing, thus precluding jealousy; and consequently no particular State can avail itself of superior funds to enhance its credit with the Treasury of the United States, and to encroach its influence in the Union to the injury of its neighbors—neither is there an undue stimulus held out to a powerful State to aid in measures which might be injurious to the others. The disinterestedness of the provision is equally conspicuous with the justice and sound policy of it—for the general government thereby precludes itself from offering a douceur to a particular State, for any sinister purpose whatever.
Extracts from a Pamphlet just published, against the BANK of the UNITED STATES.
"I VIEW that part of the bank stock which consists in funded debt, to be much worse than nothing: I had rather have the cash part without this, than with it." "If the interest on the public debt should be reduced, or should not be punctually paid (both of which are very possible) the bank would shake to its centre—the dividends must cease, or be reduced, bank-stock would instantly fall, and all public supplies from the bank must be stopped."—p. 5.
"I should not wonder if the bank should be employed to annihilate the state governments."—p. 6.
"If the immense stock of the new bank should be thrown into operation, the aggregate sums would vastly exceed what the trade and business of the country could either require or support."—p. 9.
Married, on Saturday evening last, by the Right Reverend Bishop White, Mr. JAMES POTTER, Merchant, to Miss DUSFIELD, daughter of Mr. John Duffield, of this city.
Died, on Saturday last, in the 53d year of his age, Mr. JOSEPH CARSON, Merchant, of this city.
ARRIVALS at the PORT OF PHILADELPHIA.
  Sloop Three Sisters, Johnson, Providence   — Peter Augustus, Robinson, St. Eustatia   Brig Molly, Paul, St. Croix   —, Pinto, Oporto 
His Britannic Majesty's Packet Grantham, Capt. Bull, arrived at New-York on Saturday last, in 56 days from Falmouth and Halifax.
PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES.
   FUNDED DEBT.     6 pr. Cents 17/6 pr. £. 87 1/2 pr. cent.   3 pr. Cents 9/5 47 do.   Deferred 6 pr. Cents 9/4 46 3/4 do.   UNFUNDED DEBT.   Final Sett. and other Certificates 16/4 16/6 82 1/2   Indents 9/4 9/5 47 do.   N. and S. Carolina debts, 12/6 15/.  

R E P O R T OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE ON THE SUBJECT OF THE COD AND WHALE FISHERIES. [CONTINUED.] No. VII.
An historical View of the WHALE-FISHERIES of HOLLAND, ENGLAND, and the UNITED STATES.
Table with 5 columns: Year, Holland, England, Remarks, and United States (North, South, Tons). It tracks whale fishery data from 1578 to 1789.
New-Haven Wharf Lottery.
THE Legislature of the State of Connecticut, at their session in December last, granted a Lottery for the purpose of extending Union Wharf, in the harbour of New-Haven, to the channel...
Table for New-Haven Wharf Lottery prizes, listing prize amounts and the number of tickets.
Subject to a deduction of twelve and a half per cent. The public utility of extending this wharf, is too evident to require any comment...
The drawing will positively commence at the State-House, in New-Haven, on the 13th of September next, or sooner, if the tickets are sold.
A list of the fortunate numbers will be published, and the prizes paid on demand, by the managers. Those prizes not called for in nine months after drawing, will be deemed as generously given for the use of the wharf, and appropriated accordingly.
MANAGERS: JAMES RICE, MICHAEL TODD, JEREMIAH ATWATER, ELIJAH AUSTIN, JOSEPH DRAKE, JOSEPH HOWELL. Tickets in the Massachusetts Lottery that have drawn prizes, will be received in payment for the above tickets.
A CARD.
JOSEPH WHEATON
P R E S E N T S his compliments to his old Military Friends, the Gentlemen of the Civil List, and the Public—wishes they may be informed that he has received a very handsome ASSORTMENT of the best chosen
SPRING GOODS.
By the PIGOU, and other late arrivals, which are now opening at his KNOWN CHEAP STORE, No. 38, Third-Street, North, and which he is determined to dispose of (at wholesale or retail) on so low terms as must make it an object to customers.
Philad. May 2, 1791.
PUBLIC SECURITIES,
BOUGHT and SOLD, on COMMISSION, by SAMUEL ANDERSON, Chief-Street, next door to the Bank, No. 97.
MASSACHUSETTS SEMI-ANNUAL Lottery Tickets,
Class Second, to be had at the same place. May 28, 1791. (eptf)
ADVERTISEMENT.
THE Subscriber, who served a regular apprenticeship to the business of VENDUE-MASTER, under Mr. GEORGE KELLY, has just opened an OFFICE in the Borough of NORFOLK, Virginia, in a good and convenient House, situated near the County Wharf, where he is in hopes of giving general satisfaction to all those that may be pleased to favor him with their commands.
Norfolk, Virginia, April 21, 1791. (1 ep 7w)
FOR SALE,
TWO THOUSAND ACRES of LAND, in Jefferson County, state of Kentucky, situate 25 miles from Louisville, in a thick settled neighbourhood. This tract is supposed by good judges who are acquainted with its situation and quality, to be the most valuable in that part of the country, as its connection by water with Louisville, the principal town in all Kentucky, must increase its value—it was some of the first land taken up in that neighbourhood, so that the title is indisputable.
The Proprietor of this tract wishes to dispose of it for Cash, in order to improve other tracts in that neighbourhood, and therefore will sell cheap.
Any gentleman desirous to bargain for the same, may, by application to the Printer, be informed of the price. N. B. The above tract of land is well known to a number of gentlemen in the state of Virginia, who will if required, certify its value. (1aw gw)
This day is published, By THOMAS LANG, No. 21, Church-Alley, and sold by all the Booksellers, (Price 3-8 of a Dollar)
The Catechism of Nature; For the Use of CHILDREN.
By DOCTOR MARTINET, Professor of Philosophy at Zutphen.
TRANSLATED FROM THE DUTCH. "Read NATURE—Nature is a friend to TRUTH."
Blank Powers to receive the Interest, and for the transfer of the principal of public debt, agreeable to the Rules established in the Treasury Department: Also Blanks for abstracts of Certificates, to be sold by the Editor.
MATTHEW M'CONNELL,
IN CHESNUT-STREET, No. 66, BUYS and SELLS all kinds of THE PUBLIC DEBT OF THE UNION; has frequently occasion to NEGOTIATE INLAND BILLS OF EXCHANGE—and will receive Orders for making SUBSCRIPTIONS to the BANK of the UNITED STATES.
Philadelphia, March 30, 1791.
(96 tf)
TO THE PUBLIC.
ON the fourteenth of January last the subscriber presented a memorial to Congress, stating his intention to publish a complete and correct octavo edition of the Laws, Resolutions, and Treaties of the United States, and praying that such measures might be adopted as would give AUTHENTICITY to said edition.
The Secretary of State, to whom was referred the memorial of Andrew Brown, printer, of Philadelphia, has had the same under his consideration, and thereupon makes the following
REPORT. The Memorialist states that he has in contemplation to publish a correct edition of the Laws, Treaties, and Resolutions of the United States, and prays, that such measures may be adopted for giving a public authentication to his work, as may ensure its reception throughout the United States.
The Secretary of State observes, that there exists, at present, but a single edition of the laws of the United States, to wit, the one printed by Childs and Swaine; that this edition is authentic, the proof-sheets thereof having been carefully collated by sworn clerks, with the original rolls in his office, and rendered literally conformable therewith.
That it is desirable that copies of the laws should be so multiplied throughout the states, and in such cheap forms, as that every citizen of the United States may be able to procure them. That it is important also, that such publications be rendered authentic, by a collation of the proof-sheets with the original rolls, by sworn clerks, when they are printed at the seat of government, or in its neighbourhood, and by a collation of the whole work when printed at a distance, and a certified correction of its typographical errors annexed to each volume.
That this, however, if done at the public expense, would occasion an inconvenient augmentation of the number of clerks, as the act of collation requires the presence of three clerks, one to hold the roll, a second a printed copy already authenticated, and the third the proof sheet.
That it would be more reasonable that persons of confidence should be employed, at the expense of the Editor, to be named and sworn as clerks, for the special occasion.
That, in this way, he is of opinion that it will be advantageous to the public to permit that the Laws, to be printed by the Memorialist, be collated with, and corrected by, the original rolls, and that a certificate thereof, by the Secretary of State, be annexed to the Edition.
THOMAS JEFFERSON, Secretary of State.
February 5, 1789."
In consequence of this report, Congress have adopted the following resolve—
"RESOLVED by the SENATE and House of REPRESENTATIVES of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That Andrew Brown, or any other printer, be permitted, under the direction of the Secretary of State, to collate with, and correct by, the original rolls, the Laws, Resolutions and Treaties of the United States, to be by him printed. And that a certificate of their having been so collated and corrected be annexed to the said Edition. Provided, That such collation and correction be at the expense of the said Andrew Brown, or such other printer, and that the person or persons to be by him or them employed in that service, be approved by the Secretary of State.
FREDERICK AUGUSTUS MUHLENBERG, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
JOHN ADAMS, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate.
Approved, February the eighteenth, 1791. GEORGE WASHINGTON, President of the United States. Deposited among the Rolls in the Office of the Secretary of State
THOMAS JEFFERSON, Secretary of State."
As this Edition of the STATUTES OF THE UNITED STATES is to be printed at the seat of government, and with the approbation of Congress, and as the proof-sheets shall be collated with the original rolls and records, by sworn clerks, in the office of the Secretary of State, there can be no doubt but it will meet with a candid and universal reception.
Confiding particularly in the patronage of the citizens of the United States, whose interests are most materially connected with a due execution of this work, the editor submits to their consideration the following
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
1st. The work shall be printed with a new type on good paper. 2d. The acts of the different sessions of each Congress (the duration of which is limited, by the Constitution, to the term of two years) shall be comprised in one volume, octavo, and delivered to the subscribers in boards. 3d. The volume, from the commencement of the first, to the conclusion of the present session, shall be printed with the utmost expedition; and every other volume shall be ready to be delivered at Philadelphia in a few days after the close of the last session of every future Congress; or the work shall be delivered in numbers at the close of each session (at the option of the subscribers) the acts of each session making a number. 4th. The first volume shall contain such acts of the Congress, under the Confederation, as may be thought most important to be generally known in the administration of the present government, together with the acts of the first, second, and third sessions of the present Congress, and the treaties which have been entered into with foreign nations, and with the Indian tribes. 5th. A Complete index shall be annexed to each volume.
Those who may incline to patronize this highly necessary, and very laborious, as well as expensive undertaking, are requested to forward their names to any of the following gentlemen, viz: Mr. Thomas B. Waite, Portland, Massachusetts; James Harper, Esq. Portsmouth, N. H. Messrs. Thomas and Andrews, Boston; John Carter, Esq. Providence, Jacob Richardson, Esq. Newport, R. I. Messrs. Hudson and Goodwin, Hartford; Mr. Isaac Beers, New-Haven; David Russell, Esq. Bennington, Vermont; Mr. Robert Hodge, New-York; Mr. Isaac Collins, Trenton; Messrs. Craig and Co. Wilmington, Delaware; Messrs. Goddard and Angell, Baltimore; Augustine Davis, Esq. Richmond; L. Standing, Esq. Edenton, N. C. Mr. W. P. Young, Charleston, S. C. Alexander Watt, Esq. Savannah; Messrs. Alexander and James Parker, merchants, Lexington, Kentucky. Or to
ANDREW BROWN,
the publisher, in the city of Philadelphia. Philad. 22d Feb. 1791.