Gazette of the United States, & Philadelphia daily advertiser. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1797-05-17 00:00:00

Philadelphia, May 17.
INTERESTING CORRESPONDENCE, RELATIVE TO THE AFFAIRS OF FRANCE AND THE UNITED STATES.
The following correspondence, comprising the most important of the documents contained in the President's message to Congress of 19th January last, if perused with candor and attention, must satisfy every independent American of the sincere, active and unceasing efforts of our government to maintain inviolate the rights of France, resulting from the duties of neutrality, the laws of nations and existing treaties, and most completely vindicate our nation from the unjust reproaches and complaints of the French Directory and its agents.
"A government which required only a knowledge of the truth to justify its measures, could not but be anxious to have this fully and frankly displayed."
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE, JAN. 19, '97.
Letter from Mr. Randolph to Mr. Fanchet. (Continued from Monday's Gazette.)
The first part of your fifth allegation, which implies "That the United States quit the neutrality which they profess by substituting through an excess of circumpection (management) to an order, like the proclamation" has been just anticipated. To the second part, which asserts that we abandon the neutrality, which we profess by being unable to maintain our treaties as well as our understanding we have maintained our treaties, yet if any occasional or real inability has been shown this cannot be transformed into a renunciation of neutrality. Prove to us that this supposed inability has sprung from an unfriendly motive; that it has not been inseparable from the infancy and situation of our government; that it could have been remedied by any expedient at our command, except war or reprisal or the fore-runners of both; then and not till then, will it be incumbent upon us to account for it further. "That we have been obliged to abandon our relations exclusively to England" (as in the third place you have affirmed) is a question of fact between us. We deny it. The American navy cannot yet dispute the ocean; but American rights have not been relinquished. Of the time, mode, and style of enforcing them, the United States are the sole judge.
Throughout your letter, you have dispersed allusions to the late treaty of the United States with Great Britain. To this, as to a centre, the whole series of your observations has tended, and we are taught from one passage at least, to view it as a prelude to representations, which you meditate to the French republic.
That treaty has been communicated from the department of State, only to the chief magistrate of the Union. But it will not be concealed, that reasons peculiar to the case, caused their reserve. We were acquainted with no duty towards foreign nations, which should lead us to infringe the usage of suspending the publication of treaties, until the ratifications have been exchanged; or to impart to them more than has been already imparted to the committee of public safety in France by our envoy in London through our minister in Paris. Yes, Sir, you say, that you demand justice only: justice you shall have; and I repeat in the name of the President the promise, which I admit myself to have often made to you, that our treaties with France shall be sacred. No nation upon earth can control our will, unless preceding engagements be violated. To save the rights of the French republic was an ultimatum in the instructions to our envoy: the President and Senate are the final arbiters whether the treaty shall exist. It is with them to pronounce, with whom treaties shall be made, and upon what terms; they will doubtless move under the awful responsibility attached to the guardianship of national honor, faith and independence.
The President is willing to superadd any orders, which can with propriety be expected from him, for the execution of our treaties with France; if any such can be suggested beyond those already given. Every charge which can be brought against the government, we shall meet at the proper season, and in the armour of political integrity. We confide that the wisdom and magnanimity of the French republic which resisted past machinations to disturb our harmony, will receive with caution suspicions, which may hereafter be thrown on our fidelity. For her happiness we pray, and may our connection be perpetual.
I have the honor to be, With the greatest respect and esteem, Sir, Your most obedient servant, EDMUND RANDOLPH.
[TRANSLATION] Joseph Fauchet, Minister Plenipotentiary of the French Republic near the United States, to Mr. Randolph, Secretary of State of the United States.
Philadelphia, the 20th Prairial, 3d year of the French Republic, one and indivisible, (8th June, 1795.)
SIR, Your letter of the 29th of May was received by me on the 2d inst. The different subjects therein discussed, meriting the most serious consideration, I have taken some time to prepare an answer which I shall now give with all the candor the subject requires.
In the first place I shall observe, that in writing my letter of the 2d of May in consequence of a crowd of complaints which were brought to me, I had not proposed to myself a plan so extensive as that you have pursued in your dispatch. It is observed that in order to give a motive for the conduct of the Executive in every circumstance that might infringe the interest of France, you have united under a single view my former and my present representations. I shall now communicate to you, freely, what the whole
of your letter appears to enforce the reflections its object has otherwise suggested.
What, Sir, is in question between us, and upon what can we rest our discussions? Upon the prescriptions of positive contracts or the general laws of nations. France being in a state of war, considers America as a neutral and an allied power. In the first situation she has rights common to all the belligerent powers; in the second she has particular rights which she is entitled to by treaties, and which America can allow her without ceasing to be neutral. If therefore, on the one hand, positive engagements giving us right to certain privileges have been neglected or executed with indifference; if on the other certain rights common to all are become doubtful as to us, by too much moderation in regard to the acts of other powers; I would say if your neutrality has been restrained by their arbitrary decisions, my complaints have been founded: for it is that to which they have been reduced; they rest upon fact alone: and it is to be observed that I have hitherto avoided touching the latter point, and that latterly I have spoken on it with all the circumspection and regard that could be desired, although my instructions oblige me constantly to ask what measures the United States take for the efficacious support of the neutrality of their flag.
After having reviewed the different particular cases upon which I have complained, permit me to give an opinion which has weight with me, which is, that it is impossible for me among the constructions given to that part of the treaty to discover the intention of the two contracting parties. By the treaty of alliance, France relinquished her former neighboring possessions to the northward of the United States in which she had parts of great convenience during her wars. By the treaty of amity and commerce signed the same day, she conceived that she assured to herself some advantages as an indemnification in the ports of the United States themselves of which she had in part deprived her enemies. This latter treaty has never said that there should be given an asylum to capturing vessels coming with their prizes, it says that asylum shall not be given to any vessel having made prizes. Permit me, Sir, to say that this is not a construction but an addition which you give to the treaty, which are different things. According to this addition it were sufficient when I complain of the repairs made to the Thetis, to reply that she had a right to them.
From these forced constructions it results that the belligerent powers raise pretensions which were not looked for, and acknowledge themselves that the meaning of our treaties appear to them obscure. The correspondence which took place on this subject between you and the minister of Great Britain, is very important to consult on this point. Have not you yourself been struck with this avowal of Mr. Hammond, that the treaty specifies only the conduct to be observed towards the capturing vessels, and says nothing of the prizes? What trouble had you in urging your construction when you answered him—"I hope, Sir, that you will not interpret the article so literally as to pretend that it refuses asylum to capturing vessels, for it excludes every vessel which shall have made prizes of the French," without doubt, Sir, that is the true construction, every thing becomes clear when that is maintained; the capturing vessel as well as her prize are not admitted into your ports.
As to the rest, Sir, as you have observed, a difference of opinion between the agent of a power and the government to which he is sent, is not by any means conclusive. I adhere with all my heart, with you, to the principles contained in the part of Mr. Jefferson's letter which you cite; but I observe that there is no reason to make me the reproach you seem to insinuate. I ought to insist on my manner of construction, and present it to you under all its forms as long as you do not inform me that the President cannot admit my observations. Now you have done so, I should content myself with referring them to the French government. (To be continued.)
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Tuesday, May 16.
Messrs. Coit Varnum, Williams, Dent, Harrison, Hartley and Baldwin, appeared from the minutes to be the newly elected committee of Elections.
Four new members, viz. Messrs. Schureman and Sinnickson, from New-Jersey; Mr. Sumpter, from S. Carolina, and Mr. Trigg, from Virginia, were qualified and took their seats.
A message from the Senate informed the house that they had appointed the Rev. Bishop White as their Chaplain, to interchange weekly with the Chaplain to be appointed by that house.
Mr. Sitgreaves wished that the chusing of a Chaplain for that house might be the order of the day for to-morrow.
Mr. Macon believed it was not necessary that any notice should be given for the purpose; it might be the order for any day on which the gentleman chose to bring forward the subject.
The Speaker said the notice was not necessary, but was not improper to be given.
It being near twelve o'clock, the Speaker observed, that it had been usual on similar occasions to the present, to send a message to the Senate, to inform them that the House is now ready to attend them in receiving the communication of the President, agreeably to his appointment; such a message was agreed to, and sent accordingly.
Soon after the members of the Senate entered, and took the seats assigned them; and a little after twelve, the President of the United States entered, and took the chair of the Speaker (which he vacated on the entrance of the Senate, the President and Clerk of the Senate being placed on the right hand of the Chair, and the Speaker of the House
on the left). After sitting a moment, he rose, and delivered the following Speech:
(See Yesterday's Gazette.) Having concluded his Speech, after presenting a copy of it to President of the Senate, and another to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the President retired, as did also the members of the Senate; and the Speaker having resumed his Chair, he read the Speech: After which, on motion, it was ordered to be committed to a committee of the whole to-morrow. Adjourned.
For the Gazette of the United States.
MR. FENNO, WHILE I am writing, the state of things may be so much changed, in the European world, that a complete and correspondent change will be necessary in the United States. It must, therefore, be kept in mind, that I write with special reference to the present appearance of Europe.
In my communication which was published in your paper of Monday, 8th inst. I asked the question, "What benefit is proposed by sending an envoy to France?" For it will certainly be acknowledged, unless some good can be fairly deduced from the measure, the propriety of its adoption will at least be doubtful.
Etiquette, it is said, requires it, and why? Because an Envoy Extraordinary was sent to Great-Britain in 1794.
If the difference of circumstances is not understood, and a clear distinction between our situation then and now, is not acknowledged, I must confess my intellect must be disordered, and my discernment gone. I think a part of the difference in circumstances has been pointed out in the communications I have made; and that the system adopted by the French government, which is manifest from all their late as well as former proceedings, is incompatible with any benefits which may or can be expected to arise from the mission contemplated. In addition to the existing state of things, since I began these papers, the French government, or rather the Directory, have published a decree, in confirmation and extension of their former system. They have, by this decree, modified the treaty of France and the United States of Feb. 6, 1778, with that of Great-Britain and the United States of 1794, commonly called Jay's Treaty, so as to place to their own benefit the whole and every part of each; and after having thus modified them, without consulting any other party, have ordered "this Treaty," as they emphatically stile it, to be inserted in the bulletin (or Journal) of the laws.
Take a candid view of their whole conduct, and what does it signify to talk of etiquette? Every body knows, that mere form or ceremony in distinction from substance, is meant by the word "etiquette." Can the mere form of Envoy Extraordinary produce in the French government a total overthrow of their whole system, as it respects the United States? Will they make us compensation for the piracy committed on our trade, and peaceably give up all their highflown claims upon us, at the sight of this magical Envoy? Such a belief borders to strongly on nonsense, that I cannot believe any man of information entertains an idea, of the kind. Will the French government abandon the warmest wish of their hearts, to destroy the commerce and navy of G. Britain, if we send them an Envoy? The object of G. Britain in their depredations on our commerce in '93 and '94, was to starve France; this they were forced to abandon, as untenable by the law of nations; and this they gave up—in the compromise effected by Jay's treaty. But this was far enough from being the result of etiquette on the part of Great-Britain. The object of the French government is to destroy the commerce of Great-Britain, and to make all the neutral nations in Europe, and the United States, subservient to this object. And the events of war abroad, or internal changes at home, and not etiquette, must change them in this darling object.
Do not the French complain of our Treaty with G. B. as not only an injury to them generally, but as a special breach of the 17th article of their treaty with us? In this point of view, an Envoy cannot be serviceable, but with powers to shape this business to their liking—this can as well be effected by Mr. Pinckney.
Is the French capable of forming one or more treaties into such shape, as perfectly to falsify their own wishes, and adapt them to their own circumstances, without consulting any other party, as they have done with the two treaties mentioned above? If so, the sending an Envoy will be, I acknowledge, a mere matter of etiquette; but for my life I cannot see any benefit resulting from it.
This last decree of the French Directory of March 2d, 1797, is so remarkable that it claims particular notice.
They remind "all French citizens, that the treaty, concluded on the 6th February, 1778, between France and the United States, has been, on the terms of the second article, modified of full right, by that which has been concluded at London on the 19th Nov. 1794, between the United States of America and England."
The people of the United States will please to observe, that the complaints of the French Government have been aimed chiefly at this very treaty; their partisans here have incessantly complained that Mr. Jay's treaty has injured the French, and broke our faith with them. Take notice, on the second of last March the Directory say, the treaty of Nov. 1794, this same treaty so complained of, has of full right modified their treaty with us, and they now take all the advantages of both—on what ground? In virtue of the 2d article of their treaty with us, which is in these words, viz.
"The most Christian King and the United States engage, mutually, not to grant any particular favor, in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall
enjoy the same favor, freely, if the concession was freely made; or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession was conditional." This discovery, made by the Directory the 2d of last March, sets all this matter right.
What are we to think of such loud and reiterated complaints about a treaty, and the injuries it inflicted on the French, when we find, by the declaration of the Directory, that the benefits given to the English, in terms, and by force of an express provision, immediately attach themselves to France? If this construction is just, and who shall dare contradict it, the necessity of an Envoy ceases—for his main business was to effect a violation of the treaty with Great-Britain, or at least a modification of that with France, so as to place them on the same footing. But this we see is done by the Directory, and solemnly recorded among their laws.
Is there an antediluvian hardy enough to complain any more of Mr. Jay's treaty? I hope not.
Some few sentiments on the proper conduct with France, shall be offered in my next.
A FRIEND TO TRUTH. May 16, 1797.
OPINION OF Chief Justice Ellsworth, In a case respecting BRITISH DEBTS, lately determined in the Circuit court of the United States for North Carolina district.
It is admitted that the bond on which this suit is brought, was executed by the defendant to the plaintiffs; and that the plaintiffs have not been paid. But the defendant pleads, that since the execution of the bond, a war has existed, in which the plaintiffs were enemies; and that during the war, this debt was confiscated, and the money paid into the treasury of the state. And the plaintiffs reply, that by the treaty which terminated the war, it was stipulated, that "creditors on either side, should meet with no lawful impediment, to the recovery of bona fide debts heretofore contracted."
Debts contracted to an alien, are not extinguished by the intervention of a war with his nation. His remedy is suspended while the war lasts, because it would be dangerous to admit him into the country, or to correspond with agents in it; and also because a transfer of treasure from the country to his nation, would diminish the ability of the former, and increase that of the latter, to prosecute the war. But with the termination of hostilities, these reasons and the suspension of the remedy cease.
As to the confiscation here alleged, it is doubtless true, that enemy's debts so far as consists in barring the creditor, and compelling payment from the debtor for the use of the public, can be confiscated; and that on principles of equity, though perhaps not of policy, they may be. For their confiscation as well as that of property of any kind, may serve as an indemnity for the expenses of war, and as a security against future aggression. That such confiscations have fallen into disuse, has resulted not from the duty which one nation, independent of treaties, owes to another, but from commercial policy, which European nations have found a common, and indeed a strong interest in supporting. Civil war, which terminates in a severance of empire, does perhaps less than any other, justify the confiscation of debts: because of the special relation and confidence subsisting, at the time they were contracted, and it may have been owing to this consideration, as well as others, that the American states, in the late revolution, so generally forbore to confiscate the debts of British subjects. In Virginia, they were only sequestered; in South-Carolina, all debts to whomsoever due were excepted from confiscation; as were in Georgia, those of British merchants, and others residing in Great-Britain. And in the other states, except this, I do not recollect that British debts were touched. Certain it is that the recommendation of Congress on the subject of confiscation, did not extend to them—North-Carolina, however, judging for herself, in a moment of severe pressure, exercised the sovereign power of passing an act of confiscation, which extended, among others, to the debts of the plaintiffs. Providing, however, at the same time, as to all debts which should be paid into the treasury under that act, that they would indemnify the debtors, should they be obliged to pay again.
Allowing then that the debt in question was in fact and of right confiscated can the plaintiffs recover by the treaty of 1783?
The 4th article of that treaty is in the following words. "It is agreed that the creditors on either side shall meet with no lawful impediment to the recovery of the full value in sterling money, of all bona fide debts heretofore contracted."
There is no doubt but the debt in question was a "bona fide" debt, and therefore contracted, i. e. prior to the treaty. To bring it within the article, it is also requisite that the debtor and creditor should have been on different sides, with reference to the parties to the treaty, and as the defendant was confessedly a citizen of the United States, it must appear that the plaintiffs were subjects of the king of Great-Britain; and it is pretty clear, from the pleadings and the laws of the state, that they were so. It is true that on the 4th of July 1796, when North-Carolina became an independent state, they were inhabitants thereof, though natives of Great-Britain; and they might have been claimed and holden as citizens, whatever were their sentiments or inclinations. But the state afterwards in 1777, liberally gave to them with others similarly circumstanced, the option of taking an oath of allegiance, or of departing the state under a prohibition to return, with the indulgence of a time to sell their estates, and collect and remove their effects.—They chose the latter;
and ever after adhered to the king of Great-Britain, and must therefore be regarded as on the British side.
It is also pertinent to the enquiry, whether the debt in question be within the before recited article, to notice an objection which has been stated by the defendant's counsel, viz. that at the date of the treaty, what is now sued for as a debt, was not a debt, but a nonentity;—payment having been made, and a discharge effected, under the act of confiscation: and therefore that the stipulation concerning debts did not reach it.
In the first place, it is not true that in this case there was no debt at the date of the treaty. A debt is created by contract, and exists till the contract is performed. Legislative interference, to exonerate a debtor from the performance of his contract, whether upon or without conditions, or to take from the creditor the protection of law, does not in strictness, destroy the debt, though it may, locally, the remedy for it. The debt remains, and in a foreign country, payment is frequently enforced.
Secondly, it was manifestly the design of the stipulation, that where debts had been therefore contracted, there should be no bar to their recovery, from the operation of laws passed subsequent to the contract. And to adopt a narrower construction, would be to leave creditors to a harder fate than they have been left to, by any modern treaty.
Upon a view then of all the circumstances of this case, it must be considered as one within the stipulation, that there should be "no lawful impediment to a recovery. And it is not to be doubted, that impediments created by the act of confiscation, are lawful impediments. They must therefore be disregarded, if the treaty is a rule of decision. Whether it is so or not, remains to be considered.
Here it is contended by the defendant's counsel, that the confiscation act has not been repealed by the state; that the treaty could not repeal or annul it; and therefore that it remains in force, and secures the defendant. And further, that a repeal of it would not take from him a right vested, to land discharged.
As to the opinion, that a treaty does not annul a statute, so far as there is an interference, it is unfounded. A statute is a declaration of the public will and of high authority: but it is controllable by the public will subsequently declared. Hence the maxim, that when two statutes are opposed to each other, the latter abrogates the former. Nor is it material, as to the effect of the public will, what organ it is declared by, provided it be an organ constitutionally authorized to make the declaration. A treaty when it is in fact made, is, with regard to each nation that is a party to it, a national act an expression of the national will, as much so as a statute can be. And it does, therefore, of necessity, annul any prior statute so far as there is an interference. The supposition that the public can have two wills at the same time, repugnant to each other, one expressed by a statute, and another by a treaty, is absurd.
The treaty now under consideration was made, on the part of the United States, by a Congress composed of deputies from each state, to whom were delegated by the articles of confederation, expressly, "the sole and exclusive right and power of entering into treaties and alliances;" and being ratified and made by them, it became a complete national act, and the law of every state.
If however, a subsequent sanction of this state was at all necessary to make the treaty law here, it has been had and repeated. By a statute passed in 1787, the treaty was declared to be law in this state, and the courts of law and equity were enjoined to govern their decisions accordingly. And in 1789, was adopted here the present constitution of the United States, which declared, that all treaties made, or which should be made, under the authority of the United States, should be the supreme law of the land;—and that the Judges in every state should be bound thereby;—any thing in the constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding.—Surely then the treaty is now law in this state, and the confiscation act, so far as the treaty interferes with it, is annulled.
Still it is urged, that annulling the confiscation act, cannot annul the defendant's right of discharge, acquired while the act was in force.
It is true that the repeal of a law does not make void what has been well done under it, but is also true, admitting the right here claimed by the defendant, to be as substantial as a right of property can be, that he may be deprived of it, if the treaty so requires.—It is justifiable and frequent, in the adjustment of national differences, to concede for the safety of the state, the rights of individuals. And they afterwards indemnified or not, according to circumstances. What is most material to be here noted is, that the right or obstacle in question, whatever it may amount to, has been created by law, and not by the creditors. It comes within the description of "lawful impediments;" all of which, in this case, the treaty, as I apprehend removes.
Let judgment be for the Plaintiffs.
CHARLESON, April 21.
From the Patriote Francis of yesterday. A letter from the Cape, received by the post, announces that the revolution and discontent, of all colours and of all kinds, who were at the Tannery, had advanced to Petit Anse, of which they made themselves masters, and from which they threatened to march against the Cape; that consternation and alarm existed to a great degree in that city, all communication with which was cut off; that it could not obtain sufficient provisions for its consumption; the inhabitants were reduced to half a ration, and this pittance could not last longer than 15 days, at the end of which time they must die of hunger, if not taken before.

We are informed that the President of the Agricultural Society of this State, has received from Mr. Jefferson, Vice President of the United States, upwards of one hundred different kinds of Rice, which have been procured by gentlemen from the Philippine Islands. We understand that several members of the society have taken some of each sample to plant. Their experiments will determine whether either of the species ought to be introduced into this country. Some of the samples are of rice which grows on high land.
It is with much pleasure we announce, that the repairs which were deemed necessary to Fort Johnson, are, (by the exertions of captain Kalteisen, the commanding officer) now completed, by which that post has received great additional strength, and an increase of defence. The situation of the troops is also rendered more comfortable and healthy, by the erection of a very handsome range of barracks.
SAVANNAH, May 5.
Jacob Watts, who under sentence of death for passing base metal, has been reprieved by his Excellency the Governor.
ALEXANDRIA, May 12.
Yesterday the Coroner's inquest sat on the body of a man, who, the preceding evening, it appeared, had in his sleep, raised the window of an upper story, and in endeavouring to get on the pent-house, pitched on the ground, which fractured his skull, so that he expired in a few minutes.
FAYETTEVILLE, May 6.
Wednesday last, William Moore and William Trull, received sentence of death, to be executed on the 9th inst.—the former for murder and the latter for horse stealing.
We are informed, that about the beginning of last week a party of Indians consisting of ten, crossed the Oconee, two miles from the Long Bluff and fired on a Mr. Isaac Brown and his wife. Mr. Brown was killed on the spot, and Mrs. Brown wounded.
CINCINNATI, April 8.
The following is the distribution of the forces of the United States, at the different posts.
 Ottsego, 62 Men  Niagara, 124  Prequeuille, 124  Detroit, 248  Michelimackinac, 124  Chicago, 124  Opie, 62  Philsas, 124  Masas, 62  Fort Knox, 62  Fort Washington, 62  Pittsburgh and Franklin, 124  Fort Wayne, 180  Walnut Hills, 62  Natchez, 248  S. W. Territory, 124  Georgia, 370 
2294
Which reduces the standing army of the United States to three regiments.
NEW-YORK, May 15.
New-York Bank Direction.
The following are the Directors for the ensuing year:
 Julian Verplanck, as Comptroller of the State.  Samuel Jones,  Richard Varick,  Comfort Sands,  Daniel McCormick,  William Seton,  Nicholas Gouverneur,  Charles Smith,  John B. Coles,  William Constable,  John H. Thompson,  William Bayard,  John M'Vickar,  David M. Clark, 
Mr. Verplanck was re-elected President.
Yesterday failed his Britannic Majesty's Packet Princess Royal, captain Skinner, with the mails for Halifax and Falmouth.
TAMMANY ANNIVERSARY.
Friday last being the 12th May, the Tammany Society, or Columbian Order, celebrated their anniversary festival in their Wigwam in Broadway. At 12 o'clock, the society met for the dispatch of ordinary business; at one o'clock the doors of the Wigwam were opened for the admission of visitors, when a considerable number of gentlemen honored the society with their attendance. Brother John I. Johnson, there, agreeable to appointment, delivered a political oration, which was received with applause by the audience. At 7 o'clock the society again assembled at Wigwam, and partook of a collation prepared by brother Hunter. The entertainment was varied by songs, anecdotes, and social glee.
We are happy to observe that the day was spent with that good humour and patriotic friendship which we hope will ever characterize the sons of Tammany. And after having smoked the calumet of peace around the council fire, the brothers adjourned to their own Wigwams with mutual esteem and fraternal affection.
The following toasts were drank:
 1. The 12th May. May every return of this anniversary find the brothers in the enjoyment of virtue, peace and independence.  2. The flame of liberty. May it ever shine bright on the altar of united Columbia, and her sons become the pillars in the great temple of freedom.  3. The Republics of France and Holland, and all governments founded on the genuine principles of liberty.  4. The humane and benevolent institutions of our country. May brotherly love and charity be the universal characteristic of the sons of Columbia.  4. The President of the United States.  6. The Vice President of the United States.  7. The Representatives of the United People. 
8. The universal prevalence of republican principles, and the subversion of all arbitrary power.
9. The sons of Tammany in the United States. May they never consent to smoke the calumet of peace, with the enemies of those principles for which the head men and tribes in the revolution have contended.
10. May persecution for political and religious opinions, be ever esteemed the unequivocal characteristic of tyrants.
11. May the light of Christian civilization soon reach the abodes of the aboriginals of our country, and may their wigwams be converted into mansions of peace, knowledge, virtue and happiness.
12. All good Indians. May the war hoop ever be the expression of a just resentment, and may the tomahawk never be lifted but to guard the equal Rights of Man.
13. The liberty of the press.
14. The American militia. May they ever be found the firm supporters of public liberty, and the open enemies of a standing army.
15. The people of the State of New-York and their constituted authorities.
16. The age of universal happiness and peace. May the time soon arrive, when mankind, emancipated from the influence and dominion of tyrannical and superstitious demagogues, shall lay aside the weapons of their warfare, and harmonize together like children of the same common parent.
Volunteer from the chair.
Our late worthy governor, George Clinton—6 cheers.
By this day's Mail.
PORTSMOUTH, (N. H.) May 11.
IMPORTANT!
Ship Mary, Rice, in 39 days from Hamburg, informs that news was received at Hamburg, a few days previous to his leaving there, that the misunderstanding between the United States and France was amicably settled, and that Mr. PINCKNEY was certainly received and acknowledged, and that orders [which he saw and read] were issued by the Directory to capture no more American vessels, unless they had two sets of papers and were carrying on a contraband trade.
That in consequence of the above, Insurance had fallen from 25 to only 4 1-2 per cent. on American vessels bound to America.
[A gentleman of this town has received by this arrival a price current of the Insurance from a merchant at Hamburg, which mentions the premium at 4 1/2 to 5 per cent.]
BOSTON, May 12, 1797.
STATE REPRESENTATIVES.
CONCERT-HALL LIST SUCCESSFUL AGAIN.
The success which has, with few exceptions, constantly attended the candidates proposed by the friends of administration, who on occasions of election, assemble at Concert Hall, is worthy of remark, as well as the generous moderation which they observe on their frequent victories. On Wednesday afternoon a hand-bill fraught with falsehood, and passionate declamation, was circulated to alarm the people and assemble them at the Green Dragon, to devise a list in opposition to the one previously proposed in independent Papers—Some persons assembled, a ticket was formed, and resolutions taken which were to induce its success. The meeting at Concert Hall, was but slightly noticed, and yet the following list, then ultimately concluded on, has received a large majority of the suffrages of the citizens of this town.
William Eustis, William Little, John Codman, Samuel Cooper, Joseph Russell, William Smith, and Arnold Welles, junr. Esquires.
We are informed, that capt. Jones from St. Johns, (some port or island to which the French have ingress) brought intelligence, that a French privateer had reached that place in a very shattered condition, having had a very severe engagement with an American armed vessel; and that many of the privateersmen were killed.
Capt. Stafford who arrived yesterday, spoke with the British brig Swallow, the commander of which acquainted him, that an American vessel belonging to Philadelphia with carriage guns, had beaten off a French privateer, and arrived safe in a British port.
PEACE.
The article in our last, copied from the London Oracle, of March 24, is presumed to be premature, from a motion made in the British Parliament, March 31, for another loan to subsidize the Emperor of Germany. Not having the papers which regularly follow the one we extracted the information from we cannot tell, whether it has been formally and positively contradicted. We however readily believe it is not true to the full extent of what we at first had authority to state. Possibly the Emperor may have informed the English, that he sees no prospect of continuing the war to advantage—and advises to a peace. A communication of this sort rumor would exaggerate, till it was made as important, as the Oracle rated it. Such a communication might also occasion the motion for a new Imperial loan in the British House of Commons, to induce the Emperor to struggle a little longer with adversity; and would account for the mysterious, "18" in Mr. Pitt's observations on that occasion.
Whether the Emperor has already declared for peace or not, we feel ourselves at a loss to determine; but when we find many of the cities of England and Ireland, (populous and respectable) petitioning his majesty against the war—When reports are daily published, and in papers of different character, that a change of ministry is contemplated—When we consider the diminished state of the British resources—and when it is evident the Emperor, with a beaten, dispirited and reduced number of troops, can by no means flatter himself with the recovery of any of his lost territory, but must expect the French conquests will be extended farther into his Empire,—We feel confident that NEGOTIATIONS FOR PEACE will be commenced
within a very short time,—and the reasons we have given, producing a more conciliatory disposition in some of the Belligerent powers, has yet been manifested, the most happy termination may be expected to such negotiations.
A letter from captain Blanchard of the brig Neptune of this place, received yesterday, states his capture by a French privateer, while on his passage from Martinique to Boston. He was carried to St. Thomas, and tried hard to recover his property as it was a neutral port, but to no purpose. After being robbed of their money and other property, and having their lives threatened, captain B. and chief of their crew, were turned on shore, and the brig carried to some other port. The prize-master and most of the privateersmen were blacks. The fame privateer had taken 16 Americans within ten days, from Demerara and Martinique.
Foreign Intelligence,
SOUTHAMPTON, April 1.
A requisition has been sent to the Mayor, signed by the Dean of Winchester and some principal tradesmen, to call a meeting of the inhabitants to prefer a petition to the king similar to that of the city of London.
DUBLIN, March 7.
Unfortunately the aid of paper guineas, as a substitute for gold, promises to be an expedient of no great permanence. Already, in many instances, they bear a discount of one shilling per guinea—every day, of course, they must look down—and it is to be hoped that the legislature will in time take proper steps to avert the consummation of a calamity so big with utter ruin.
The collers refuse to the bank of Ireland notes in exchange for coals—nothing but gold and silver will satisfy these people. This is another capacious drain for carrying off the little that is left in the market of the precious metals. Parliament are thereby put in this predicament: consistently with the respect which they owe to the interests of the public, it becomes their bounden duty to pass a compulsory law, giving general currency to the bank of Ireland notes, or to set seriously, heartily, and immediately about working the collieries of Ireland, which afford more than an abundant supply for consumption.
Cork bank notes have suffered a very great depreciation. Some measure is indispensably necessary to keep up the credit of paper—for if it should sink in the confidence of the public the very worst consequences may be expected to follow.
SAINTFIELD, March 9.
Yesterday eleven of our people were committed to Downpatrick jail; one of them a merchant and manufacturer, to whom our neighborhood is obliged for the introduction of a considerable branch of the cotton business, carried through the whole process, whereby bread is now given to one hundred persons in our place; two of them considerable farmers; and all of them to be ranked with any others for sobriety and industry.
PARIS, March 9.
Private letters state an engagement to have taken place between the archduke Charles and general Massena, and that we have killed and taken 6000 Austrians.
LONDON, March 17.
An official Bulletin of the Spanish camp of St. Roche, dated the 15th of February, contains the following intelligence:
"On the 5th of February, the Spanish fleet of 27 sail of the line, ten frigates, and 70 transports, was discovered at break of day five miles off Gibraltar. At 11 o'clock the ships were out of sight. The brigantine Le Vif, of 14 guns; nine gun boats; the frigate Guadalupe, of 40 guns; the Bahamas, and Terrible, of 74; and Neptune, of 80 guns, under the command of Don Domingo de Navas, entered Algeciras, where the first battalion of Spanish guards, commanded by Don Joachim de Palafox, and the second battalion of Walloon guards, commanded by Don Joseph Boreau, were landed for the camp of St. Roche. One hundred and thirty-three English prisoners were sent to Gibraltar."
A letter from Frankfort, of the 22d ult. states, that the corps of Conde, which has hitherto fought in the name and on behalf of the king of France, is now to enter the Austrian service, and to swear allegiance to the emperor. The same letter adds, that preparations are making at Vienna for the marriage of the duke of Angouleme, eldest son of the count d'Artois, with the daughter of Louis XVI.
Specie is at present very plenty in almost every part of the country; the large sums drawn out of the bank having been chiefly taken from the capital.
TREVISO, February 7.
The French troops under the orders of generals Angereau and Massena passed by our city and Castelfranco to go towards the Piava, to attempt the passage of that river, and penetrate by the Friuli to Trieste. But this enterprise was not so easily to be executed: the numerous corps of Austrians, reinforced by 5000 men arrived from Hungary, disposed themselves to dispute the passage of the Piava with the republicans. When these last attempted to throw a bridge across the river, they were repulsed with great loss; a great number were drowned, and their boats destroyed by the fire of the batteries which the Austrians had erected on the bank. After this action, a number of waggons loaded with wounded Frenchmen were brought in here.
MENTZ, February 24.
We learn from Presburg, that in the beginning of March, 30,000 Hungarians will march to the army in Italy.
LONDON, March 22.
We last night received, by express, Paris papers to the 18th inst.
The committee of the Council of Five Hundred has been employed in the discussion of a very urgent message from the Di-
rectory, on the distress of the public finance. Camus declaimed with great violence against the depredations which were practised on every side, and convinced his hearers that the directory would not find itself in such embarrassments, if the minister of finance were less ignorant, or more economical.
The ensuing elections occupy considerable attention. A message had been addressed by the executive directory to the council of five hundred, respecting persons in public situations, who had refused to take the oath of hatred to royalty and anarchy. A long debate ensued, and the message was ordered on be printed.
Gen. Hoche arrived at Cologne, where the head quarters of the army of the Sambre and Meuse were, on the 3d inst. He was to assist at a council of war, to be held to the means of opening the ensuing campaign.
Moreau, Kleber, Huary, Leishure, Damas, and other French generals formed this council, to which Hoche was to submit the plans and orders of the directory. The movement of the troops on each side of the Rhine were taking place with redoubled activity. Moreau retained the command in chief of the two armies. The King of Prussia has ordered an army of 16,000 men to march towards the Rhine, but what his prospects are does not appear.
BELFAST, March 13.
Three men were yesterday sent on board the tender, who had been brought to town the night before by an escort of the Lower Iveagh yeomen.
NEWBURYPORT, May 11.
AGREABLE INTELLIGENCE. A gentleman arrived in town yesterday from Portsmouth, by whom we are favored with the following: That the ship —, W. Rice, master, arrived at Portsmouth Tuesday morning, in 42 days from Hamburg. Capt. Rice informs, That previous to his leaving that city, he was told by the American consul, That the Executive Directory of France had recalled Mr. Pinckney from Amsterdam, and that the business with America would be amicably settled. Capt. Rice saw the official account at the consul's office.
The board of commissioners in England, has decided the case of the Sally, captain Choat, in behalf of the claimants, Messrs. W. P. Johnson, and others of Newburyport; that they are entitled to full and complete compensation from the British government for the loss sustained by the capture. It remains for them to prove the amount of loss, &c.
Several American vessels lately from the Mediterranean were met by Algerine cruisers, treated well, and were conveyed in safety out of the Straights, where there is much danger from the French and Spaniards.
The Gazette.
PHILADELPHIA,
WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 17.
Messrs. Kittens, Venable, Freeman, Mass. Griswold and Rutledge, were this day appointed a committee of the House of Representatives to prepare and report an answer to the President's Speech.
 Vessels in this port May 15th, 1797.  51 Ships  59 Brigs  2 Snows  33 Schooners  13 Sloops, besides coasters. 
Extract of a letter from New York to the Editor of the Philadelphia Gazette, dated May 16.
"A gentleman who arrived here last Sunday from St. Croix states, that previous to his embarkation for this city, accounts had been received there, that the valuable island of ST. JUAN DE PUERTO RICO was, a few days before, taken from the Spaniards by the British army and navy from Martinique, under the command of lieutenant general Sir Ralph Abercrombie and rear admiral Henry Hervey: the principal fortification made a short resistance, and cost the besiegers but a few men."
"This valuable island is situated between Hispaniola and St. Christopher's, is 200 miles long and 40 miles broad, the centre of the contraband trade carried on by the British and French with the Spaniards, and is extremely fertile, producing the same kinds of fruits with the other islands."
"A letter received in this city from Port au Prince of April 1, informs, that 'We have now at the head of government a man of such character and abilities as afford us the greatest hopes that his arrival has been very propitious, as it happened at a moment when the brigands had attacked most of our outposts, which, from the long inactivity of his predecessor, lay quite destitute of defence, both in respect to troops and ammunition, but every thing is now assuming the most promising events. Flour, which lately was 24 dollars, at once fell to 14 dollars, and is owing to the arrival of three convoys with upwards of 5000 barrels.'"
GAZETTE MARINE LIST.
PORT OF PHILADELPHIA.
 ARRIVED. Day.  Ship Diana, Pile, Havannah 15  Hairiot, Moore, senr. Hamburg 51  via New York 4  Brig Molly, Kilby, Cape N. Mole 15  Malabar, Kenyon, ditto 15  Amiable Creole, Story ditto 14  Courier, Burr, ditto 15  Elizabeth, Bafs, Windsor N.S. 14  Pennsylvania, Tatem, St. Thomas 18  Schr Orion, Moxly, Cape N. Mole 15  Hermione, Boggs, ditto 15  Illifont, Nibbit, ditto 15  Dove, Paul, St. Thomas 14  CLEARED.  Slop Nancy, Perry, London  Brig Natchez, Kings, Cowes  Schr. Betsy Hollon, Midlus, Barbadoes  The snow Boston, Dougherty, from the Havannah, is below. 
The brig Fair American, Stokes, 9 weeks from Naples is at the Point.
The armed ship Lion, is at Marcus Hook.
BALTIMORE, May 13.
Extract of a letter from an American captain in Bassetterie, to his owners in Baltimore, dated March 26, 1797.
"I left Martinique on the 18th inst. and was captured on the 20th by a French privateer. On the 22d I was freed down here. Your vessel is not yet got in. I have as yet the liberty of the town, tho' without a dollar to pay for a dinner, or a night's lodging; but I expect every hour to go to goal, as an officer of the municipality told me yesterday that I would be put in prison in less than 24 hours. How long the savages will keep me in prison I know not. They condemn American vessels without ever examining any one belonging to them, and we dare not ask why they did so. From all the islands taken by the British they condemn vessel and cargo—from a British island they only condemn the cargo."
Captain Timothy Gardner, from Amsterdam April 12, lat. 41, 00, long. 42, in a heavy gale of wind, met a French frigate of 40 guns, from Guadalupe, who authoritatively commanded him to hoist out his boat and bring his papers on board, which were ranfacked with a degree of violence, scarcely to be pardoned. After this and the practice of other indecent cruelties he was permitted to proceed.
May 10, lat. 36, 27, spoke the brig Hannah, from New-York, bound to Savannah, also a brig from the same place bound to New Orleans.
On Wednesday evening last, was brought too the Andromache, British frigate 5, after a short detention and civil treatment was dismissed.
The same evening saw two ships of the line, and two frigates at anchor in Lynnhaven bay.
Arrived at the Texel.
 Jan. 10 Oliver Branch, Sands, from New York  11 Lucia, Dill, Boston  15 Hebe, Gardner, Baltimore  Bellona, Dade, Virginia  16 Two Sitters, Reed, New York  17 Polly, Ives, Salem  Fabius, Corran, Philadelphia  20 Grace, Willis, do.  21 Patriot, Lee, New-York  Citizen, Whither, do.  Ruthy, Simons, Boston  24 Mercury, Miller, Philadelphia  Hope, Terrier, New-York  Union, Johnston, Baltimore  25 Hopewell, Dowling, Salem  Feb. 1 Mary, Ward, New-York  7 Wilmington, Hillman, Philadelphia  18 Peggy, Cotter, Boston  19 Friendship, Orange, New-Y

Canal Lottery, No. II.
Scheme of a Lottery,
Authorized by an act, entitled, "an act to enable the President and Managers of the Schuylkill and Susquehanna navigation, to raise, by way of Lottery, the sum of Four Hundred Thousand Dollars, for the purpose of completing the works, in their acts of incorporation mentioned."
Table with 2 columns: Prize description, Amount. Includes prizes of 20,000, 10,000, 5,000, 2,000, 1,000, 500, 200, 100, 50, 20, 10, 5 dollars.
30,000 Tickets at ten dollars each. 300,000
Six dollars for each ticket will only be demanded at the time of sale.
All prizes shall be paid ten days after the drawing is finished, upon the demand of the possessor of a fortunate ticket, subject to a deduction of fifteen per cent.
Such prizes as are not demanded within 12 months after the drawing is finished, of which public notice will be given, shall be considered as relinquished for the use of the Canal and applied accordingly.
At a Meeting of the President and Managers of the Schuylkill and Susquehanna Canal Navigation...
Resolved, That Joseph Ball, John Steinmetz, Standish Forde, Francis Wells, James McCrea, John Miller, jun. and William Montgomery, be a committee to arrange and direct the mode of disposing of the tickets...
We the Commissioners appointed by the Governor to superintend the drawing of the Lottery, inform the public, that the tickets are now rolling up, and that the drawing will positively commence on Monday the 29th of May next.
Frederick Kuhl, James Alls, George Budd. Philad. April 17, 1797.
Tickets at six dollars each to be had of the managers, or at the canal office, near the bank of the United States.
For Sale, TWO LOTS OF GROUND in Kenning-ton, on the fourth side of Hanover-street, containing thirty-six feet in breadth and one hundred and sixty-seven and a half feet in depth to a twenty feet alley.
TO BE RENTED, THAT forcible and well-improved water works on Brandywine, three miles from the town of Wilmington, in the state of Delaware;
A large, convenient Slitting Mill, In complete order, having several pair of rolls and cutters of every size. A large, Stone Merchant Mill, Having three pair burr stones, bolting works, corn kiln and every other necessary apparatus. A Saw Mill.
In the best order, and a pair of timber wheels. A Smith's Shop and Tools. To accommodate these works there is a large commodious stone dwelling house, kitchen and wash house and a number of dwelling houses for workmen, with gardens adjoining; two large stone stables, two stone coal houses, and a cooper's shop, with meadow and pasture grounds.
If the tenant chooses he may have the opportunity to purchase an excellent team of five horses, waggon, coal carriages and bed, with a flock of coal in the coal houses sufficient to manufacture three hundred tons of iron. Apply to RUMFORD & ABIJAH DAWES, No. 7, South Water-street.
For Sale, At the Office of the Gazette of the United States, No. 119, Chestnut-street, The last Report of the late Secretary of the Treasury; a brief history of the state of financial concerns of the United States. The Proceedings of the Executive of the United States respecting the western insurrection.
The Letter of Mr. Pickering to our minister in France. An Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of the United States for the year 1795. A few copies of the volume for 1794 may be had to complete sets. D'I'vernois' account of the Revolution in Geneva.
Erskine's View of the War. JUST PUBLISHED, By ROBERT CAMPBELL & Co. No 40 South Second Street, [Price 50 Cents] A View of the Causes and Consequences of the present War with France. By the Honorable THOMAS ERSKINE.
To be sold cheap, To close an adventure, 7 Bales Bafias 2 ditto Coffas Apply at the Store of Mordecai Lewis.
A New Work. PROPOSALS History of Pennsylvania,
For printing and publishing, by subscription, The History of Pennsylvania, from the original institution and settlement of that province, under the first proprietor and governor, WILLIAM PENN, in 1681, till after the year 1742; with
AN INTRODUCTION Respecting the Life of W. PENN, Prior to the grant of that Province, and the religious Society of the people called Quakers; with the FIRST RISE of the NEIGHBORING COLONIES, more particularly of WEST-NEW-JERSEY, and the Settlement of the DUTCH and SWEDES on DELAWARE.
To which is added, A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SAID PROVINCE. And of the general state, in which it flourished, principally between the years 1760 and 1770. The whole including a variety of things, useful and interesting to be known, respecting that country in early times, &c. With an appendix. Written principally between the years 1776 and 1780, By ROBERT PROUD.
"Pulchrum est benefacere reipublicae, etiam beneficiis haud abjudicandum est, vel pace vel bello clarum fieri licet." cal. Catalin. "Sed cum plerique arbitrentur res bellicas majores esse quam urbanas, minime est hoc opinio." Cic. Off. (Entered according to law.)
"WILLIAM PENN, the great legislator of the Quakers, (in Pennsylvania) had the success of a conqueror, in establishing and defending his colony, among savage tribes, without ever drawing the sword; the good offices of the most benevolent rulers, in treating his subjects as his own children; and the tenderness of an universal father, who opened his arms to all mankind without distinction of sect or party. In his Republic it was not his religious creed, but personal merit, that entitled every member of society to the protection and enjoyment of the State." Essay on Toleration, by Arthur O'Leary.
CONDITIONS. 1. This work will be printed in two octavo volumes, neatly bound and lettered, both in sheep and calf, for the choice of the subscribers; on paper similar to that of the conditions, as published in the Subscription papers. 11. The head of William Penn, handsomely engraved, will be prefixed to the first, and a map or sketch of Pennsylvania, and the parts adjacent, to the second volume. 111. The price to subscribers will be four dollars and an half in sheep, and five dollars in calf; one dollar to be paid at the time of subscribing; two dollars on the delivery of the first volume; and the remainder on the delivery of the second. 1V. When one thousand copies are subscribed for, the work will be put to press and finished with all convenient expedition. Subscriptions will be received by Zachariah Poulton, jun. Printer, No. 89, Chestnut-street, and at the Philadelphia Library in Fifth-street; by Isaac Collins, Printer, and Joseph James, Merchant, New-York; by John P. Plesants and George W. Field, Merchants, Baltimore; and by other persons both in town and country. February 18. twhf
Laws of the U. S. SWIFT'S EDITION. Just Published,
Price 6 dollars, 3 vol. 12mo. Sold by W. Young, Mills and Son, H. and P. Rice, M. Carey, R. Campbell and Co. Laws of the United States, From the commencement of the Federal Government to the end of the last Session of Congress, which terminated March 3, 1797. THIS edition, published under an order of Congress of the United States, has many peculiar advantages. In the former one, each volume had a separate index, which rendered the reference in all cases, difficult and troublesome, and in many almost impossible. The indexes were, moreover, very inajudiciously compiled. On the contrary, in the present edition, there is one copious, luminous index, compiled by Zephaniah Swift, Esq. referring to all the volumes, and comprising in itself a complete digest of all the laws of the United States. May 3. wks7t
Venereal Complaints,
PUNCTUALLY attended to in every stage of that disease, without the use of mercury or restraint of diet, in any case recent and simple. on application at No. 113, Chestnut-street, opposite the United States Bank, or at No. 170, South Water-street, between Spruce and Pine-streets, where he has opened an office for the better accommodation of his patients. But in Lues Venerea confirmed, Doctor Morgan pledges himself, that no system of cure (however specious) can be effectual without mercury, and that all the known rules of practice for these two centuries past, and united experience affirms, that any substitute for it is but nugatory, and any mode of practice to the contrary must be futile and deceptions. Nevertheless, he undertakes, however complicated the case, to effect a cure without inconvenience or injury to the patient's constitution, and in time not generally experienced or expected. N. B. Regular attendance at the office in Water-street, from the hour of nine o'clock in the morning until one, and from three o'clock in the evening until seven; but any other time at his dwelling house, in Chestnut-street. May 16. dtf
NOTICE.
THE Subscribers have strong reasons to believe that the following evidences of shares in the Bank of the United States have been lost on their way from England—and give this public notice, that application will be made at the proper offices for a renewal of the same, viz. No. 2077 issued in lieu of No. 9705 to 9790 5 shares No. 2159 do. 16137, 16141 5 shares. 10 shares sent by the Polly, Capt. Clements, to Norfolk. No. 1687 issued in lieu of No. 6728 to 6732 5 shares No. 1137 do. 566 to 570 5 shares No. 1711 do. 6266 to 6270 5 shares No. 2740 do. 7668 to 7672 5 shares 20 shares sent by the ship Friends, Capt. Calver, to Norfolk. The whole issued on the 1st July, 1794, to John Barker Church and accompanied with powers of transfer to the Subscribers. In the months of October and November last they were forwarded to us by Findlay Banatynne and Co. of London. Both of the ships it appears from the public prints have been carried into the West-Indies by the French and condemned, from which it is apprehended the papers are destroyed. Steps have been taken to prevent the improper transfer of the above shares. Gabriel Wood & Co. March 31. May 2 wjm
Advertisement.
WHEREAS I am informed that two bonds given by me to Stockey Donelson in July in the year 1795, for about six thousand one hundred and ten pounds Virginia currency each, have been transferred by the said Donelson and others, and that it is intended to offer the said bonds for sale at auction; I think it my duty to inform the public, what the circumstances are under which the said bonds were given, and leave those who are in possession of them, or to whom they may be offered, to judge of the probability of their being paid. In June 1795, Samuel Love, Josiah Watson and myself entered into contract that I should go to the S. Western Territory (now the state of Tennessee) for the purpose of making a purchase of lands in that country; the terms on which the purchase was to be made, were defined in our agreement, and fifteen days by stipulation were given said Samuel Love and Josiah Watson, after I should inform them of any purchase I should make to determine whether they would be partners in it. I made a purchase of lands of the said Stockey Donelson but not on the terms, to which I was limited by the said agreement with Samuel Love, Josiah Watson and myself—and although the purchase exceeded in price, and was not on the credit agreed on, I thought the bargain a good one, and supposed Samuel Love and Josiah Watson would join me in it. I therefore signed bonds for the payments, in the same manner as I should have done, if I had been certain Mr. Love and Mr. Watson would have remained and confirmed them; because I did not intend as I meant to give them an option of taking part of the said lands, to become solely responsible for the payments, if they should decline to accept my offer of part. On my return those gentlemen refused to be concerned at all in my purchase, and as I had received the deeds jointly in our names, they when requested immediately conveyed to me, so that I stood wholly possessed of the lands, and solely responsible for payments. At the time I made the purchase of Mr. Donelson, I informed him with whom and in what manner I was concerned, and that Mr. Love and Mr. Watson becoming responsible for the payments, depended entirely on themselves. The purchase I made was to the amount of upwards of 70,000 dollars, one thousand dollars were paid in cash, six thousand dollars in sixty day bills, and upwards of twenty thousand dollars in goods the fall following the purchase. The two bonds above alluded to were given, one payable in October ninety-six, the other in October ninety-seven. Those two last bonds were given on the conditions expressed in an agreement delivered at the same time, and dated the same day with the said bonds, the substance of which is, that the said bonds were not to be paid, or any part thereof until it appeared to the satisfaction of the obligors, that all encumbrances of every nature and kind whatsoever were removed from the lands and every part thereof, which I had purchased of Mr. Donelson. More than one half of the lands, and those of the best quality, the Indian claim is not yet extinguished to, and possession cannot of course be taken of them. This encumbrance, perhaps, it was expected when the contract was made would be removed, before the said bonds or either of them became due. There are other obstacles of less magnitude, which must be removed before either of the said bonds will be paid. At the time the said bonds were given it was agreed by Mr. Donelson that he would not dispose of them, until it was clearly known that there were no encumbrances on the lands. It is not necessary, I should say, how, he has been induced to violate this part of our agreement. I have complied with the agreements on my part to be done, agreeable to the letter and meaning of my contract, and shall continue to comply with my contract on the plainly-expressed and unequivocal terms on which it was made. Any person interested in the payment of the said bonds may have an application a copy of the counter agreement herein alluded to. I have only to add, that I was very much surprised in a short time after the said bonds were given to be applied to, to know if they would be paid; at that time and whenever after I have been spoken to on the subject, I have informed those applying of the nature of the circumstances on which the payment depended, and I have never failed to declare in the most free and unrestricted manner the true nature of my engagements with Mr. Donelson. John Love. Alexandria, April 28th, 1797.
City of Washington.
SCHEME Of the Lottery, No. II, For the Improvement of the Federal City.
Table with 2 columns: Prize description, Amount. Includes prizes of 20,000, 10,000, 5,000, 2,000, 1,000, 500, 200, 100, 50, 20, 10, 5 dollars.
Ross & Simson,
Have for Sale, A QUANTITY of PRIME St. Domingo Cotton, Superior Old Lisbon Wine in Pipes Excellent India Market Teneriffe Wine, In Madeira Casks A few Quarter Casks best Fresh Hylon and TEAS Hylon Skin Muscovado Sugars in Hogsheads, and Coffee in Tierces March 7. ||tf
For Sale,
On board the ship Molly, John Frost, master from Liverpool, laying at Walnut-street wharf 6000 bushels of fine stowed Salt, And QUEEN'S WARE, well assorted, By PHILIP NICKLIN & Co. WHO HAVE IN STORE, ALSO FOR SALE, 100 Boxes White Havana Sugars Imperial and TEAS Hylon 17 tubs Quickilver 2 casks Bandano Handkerchiefs A few chests Manchester Goods well assorted in corduroys, thickets, ginghams, mouselins, dimities, &c. 2 trunks black sewing silk, 180 Crates queens ware, well assorted, 10 Tons sheet lead, Nails assorted, flat and sharp points, London particular and Madeira Wine in India market pipes and hhds. 30 pipes, 10 hhds. Teneriffe Wine, 70 pipes choice Port ditto, 31 casks yellow paint, 7 boxes 32 bundles writing slates, 1 box ink-stands & note presses, Sail canvas assorted No. 1 & 3. May 4. dtf
NOW LANDING,
From on board of the ship GEORGE BARCLAY, Capt. CHARLES McALISTER, from Calcutta, the following GOODS, viz. Coffas Punjum Cloths Hummums Guerras Guzenahs India Calicoes Emeries Cotton Checks Mamoodies Mulmuls Sahans Red and Blue Bernagou hks Panna do. Tickeries Santapore do. Jollas Plain, striped and flowered Carriagaries fine musline Maragungs Ginghams Bafias, various sorts Taffeties Sattin Romals Bandanno red hks A L S O, 300 Casks Sugar 40 Boxes do. 165 Bags do. 70,000 lb. weight heavy black Pepper 40,000 lb. weight Ginger 20 Tons Hemp in Bales 9 Pipes East-India Spirits For sale by PHILIPS, CRAMOND & Co. May 4. dtf
To be rented,
A Range of STORES on Morton's wharf. Possession may be had immediately. Enquire of KEARNY WHARTON, 109 South Water-street. May 1
Notice is hereby given,
By order of the Board of Proprietors of the Eastern Division of the State of New-Jersey, That a Dividend of Rights of Location on their vacant lands, will be made at their next stated meetings, which commences on the third Tuesday in May next, being the sixteenth day of the month; for which all persons concerned are desired to take notice. JAMES PARKER, Perth-Amboy, March 23, 1797. $ Reg'r.
NOTICE.
IF JOSEPH WESSELLS, formerly of London, who came passenger in the ship Factor, to Philadelphia, in the year 1794, will apply at No. 197 Market-street, he will hear of something to his advantage. Any information respecting him will be thankfully received. May 12
Stated Sales AT AUCTION, For DRY GOODS.
Table with 2 columns: Day, Auctioneer/Item. Includes Wednesday (Peter Benfon), Thursday (Edward Fox), Friday (William Shannon), Saturday (Peter Benfon), Monday (Edward Fox), Tuesday (John Connelly).
Valuable Lands, Mills, &c. in Georgia.
On Saturday, the first day of July next, at 7 o'clock in the evening, at the Coffee-house in Philadelphia, will be sold by auction, for a liberal credit, the following estates: In the State of GEORGIA. No. 1. A CERTAIN TRACT OF LAND, containing 100,697 1-2 acres, situate in the county of Montgomery, formerly the county of Washington, on the east side of Oconee river, and the waters of the Altamaha, and about one mile above the mouth of Pendleton's creek, and in the neighbourhood of Mill creek. The improvements on this tract of land, consisting of the most complete Grist and Saw Mills in the southern country, having cost at least 20,000 dollars within these two years. The timber is of the finest quality, and the quantity is not to be exhausted. A tract of very valuable land in Franklin county, lying on the waters of Oconee, containing about 75,000 acres. A tract adjoining or near to No. 2, containing about 25,000 acres. Two millions and five hundred thousand acres of land, being an undivided part of all that tract of valuable country, including islands, situated on the Mobile Bay, Alabama, Tom Bigby, and Mississippi Rivers, which was granted by the State of Georgia to James Gunn, and others, by the name of "The Georgia Company", in fee. Thirty shares in the Tennessee Company, each share being about 10,000 acres, or one four hundredth and twentieth part of the said Tennessee Company's purchase, being so much of the tract of country, granted by the State of Georgia to Matthias Maher and Rachariah Cox, in fee. This piece of property may, in the option of the purchaser, or his assigns, be offered to Zachariah Cox, for the sum of 175,000 dollars, in two years from the 21st March 1796, who is obliged by his special bond, to take the same, if offered to him, at that time, and pay for the same, within six months after the expiration of the said two years. This bond is sold with the land. By order of Henry Pratt, T. W. Francis, John Miller jun. John Alsley, Jacob Baker, Affignees of James Greenleaf. EDWARD FOX, Auctioneer. May 15. mwfS
Divertimenti; Or, Familiar Lessons for the PIANO FORTE.
To which is prefixed, A Ground for the improvement of young Practitioners: COMPOSED by R. Taylor, music professor, Philadelphia, published this day, price two dollars, printed for the author, No. 56, North Sixth-street, and sold at Carr's musical repositories Philadelphia and New-York, and Ormerod, No. 44, Chestnut-street; where may be had by the same author, a variety of serious, comic and pastoral songs, rondo for forte piano, lesson for two performers on one instrument, &c. &c. &c. May 16. wjt
Building Materials.
THE subscriber has on hand, and offers for sale at a reduced price for cash, or barter for lumber, wet or dry goods, 78 trimmed window frames, and sashes, each frame containing 24 lights for 10 by 8 glass; both sashes may be hung by weights. These frames are all made of good materials, and will suit for town or country buildings. If bought by carpenters for their employers, their usual profits will be allowed. Please apply at No. 38, north Seventh-street. Conrad Bartling. N. B. A second hand riding chair and harness for sale. May 16. 83t
An excellent Stand for Business, With Stock suitable thereto.
THE subscribers, assignees of Joseph Melton, offer for sale all the stock of goods on hand, lately belonging to said Melton, consisting of a great variety of liquors, groceries, &c. Any person willing to engage in business as a grocer, will have an opportunity of purchasing the whole of the retail store on reasonable terms, and can immediately get possession of it, at the corner of Strawberry alley and Chestnut-street, which has been long known as an excellent stand for that line of business. If not sold in ten days, the whole of that, with a large quantity of wines, St. Croix and New-England rum, &c. &c. will be put up to public auction. For terms apply to David Walker, Wm. Buckley, or Samuel Keith. May 10. 6
To be Sold,
A THREE-STORY BRICK HOUSE, with suitable back buildings, situate in Vine-street, No. 88, completely finished, and free of ground-rent. It has a neat back yard, in which is a large cistern, and new pump for rain water—common cellars are under the whole, in which is a dry well, bricked up, that will hold ice. The property is well calculated for a boarding-house. For particulars apply at the premises. May 9. thf