National gazette. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), 1791-12-12 00:00:00

National Gazette.
By PHILIP FRENEAU.
Vol. I.
MONDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1791.
NUMB. 13.
ARATUS.
NUMBER III.
THE assent of the king to the constitutional assembly, has completed the French revolution. * By this event, which has terminated in the establishment of a free government, the efforts of that body have been crowned with success. They have fully accomplished the object they had in view. To the unerring test of time, the only tribunal which can impartially decide upon its merits, the result of their labors is now submitted.
The magnanimity with which they closed their long and brilliant career, must have gained the applause of all parties; and by extirpating every source of discontent, given stability to their government. The act of oblivion and indemnity, which followed with a kind of enthusiasm the signature of the king, has cast an additional lustre over their whole proceedings, and exhibited to the world the last remaining proof, in their power, of their patriotism and benevolence. The mere degradation of the characters around the throne, was not in itself a consideration worthy their attention; the freedom of France was the object; and having secured it to all her citizens; even those who had disturbed their councils, and embarrassed their operations, might come in, mingle in the crowd, and enjoy the blessing.
From the contemplation of this great event, if we cast our eyes on those, wherever they reside, who in the progress, attacked the principles, and endeavored to prevent its success, what must be the reflection of the pious and benevolent observer! Will past services, reverend age, or even accumulated honors rescue them from the indignation of an offended people? In the catalogue of those most distinguished in the opposition, the public have been mortified to find the name of Edmund Burke. For a rapid and elevated style of elocution, disinterested republican patriotism, and general philanthropy, in the British Senate, he has long engaged the attention, and held the confidence of the most virtuous throughout the civilized world. But how do the principles contained in the book he has given to the public correspond with that character? Or how shall we account for such a change of sentiment? Happily for mankind, and to his eternal reproach, the success of this revolution has given him a silent but galling reply; and whilst its blessings shall be acknowledged and cherished by a grateful posterity, this performance which would otherwise have been consigned to oblivion, will be handed down as an incident to that great event to perpetuate his infamy.
That the plan of government they have given to their country, is the most eligible that can, or could have been adopted, will not be contended. But that it contains within it, the elements of a found and excellent constitution, with the sure means of progressing to perfection, may be demonstrated. On the one hand, we find the rights of the people guarded, by wise fundamental declarations, from encroachment, and on the other, the king accepting his crown with all the authorities depend-
ant on it, from them. The vices of an hereditary monarchy corrected by the strength and force of a numerous and powerful representation of the democracy; and that representation founded on the most equal, just and enlightened principles. The right of supply or contribution secured to them. The privileges of the aristocracy abrogated, and its members reduced, if a reduction it can be called, into the common order of other citizens. The clergy reformed and restored, in some measure, to the primitive purity and simplicity of the first fathers of the christian faith. The local municipalities or provinces dissolved, and the whole formed into one great nation. So that, altho' this plan may not be allowed the merit of perfection, as a model, yet it must be admitted to be an excellent thing to commence with.
If we may be permitted to estimate its future by the example of other countries, it will be found, that for the attainment of a given end, the security of the liberties of the people, as well in the outline as the interior modification of its branches, are to be discerned the strongest proofs of political wisdom. The extent of the representation, which will engage the body of the people, and bring them forward immediately in its operation, is well calculated to put the government into motion upon sound principles. It will give them an early knowledge of their own weight in the scale; and feeling it themselves, a correspondent impression will be felt by their representatives. Had it been thin, and formed as it eventually might, from the monied interest and the funds, the blessings of the revolution might have been lost. The door for venality and corruption would have been laid wide open, and the influence of the court soon felt in the election and upon the operations of the national assembly. Depriving their appointments from a different source, but little regard would have been paid to the interests of their nominal constituents; and thus every principle of responsibility have been destroyed, and the servants of the people become a new instrument of their oppression.
The controul of the finances alone in the hands of the national assembly, will be found an ample restraint upon the movements of the executive. It may plan schemes of conquest abroad and tyranny at home, but whilst it depends on the deliberations of a body, thus organized, for the means of executing them, they will be safe. Even the dissolution of the provincial assemblies may be considered as favorable to the democratic interest. Commanding a portion of their confidence, with a hereditary monarch on the throne, they might have been tampered with to the prejudice of the people. It has left the national assembly the sole depository and only guardian of the public rights. Will not this awaken, on the part of the people, a more vigilant attention to their conduct, and a keener sensibility of injury? Will not that body too be more deeply impressed with the importance of the trust reposed in them, and fearful of the resentment of their constituents?
But the abolition of the aristocracy has torn up, as it were, by the roots, an inexhaustible source of public distastes. The history of that order in those countries where it has existed, properly developed, in relation to its effect upon society, whether it derived its origin from usurpation or convention, would prove an useful work. It would shew that most of those calamities which have scourged the different nations of the earth, have owed their birth to its pride and ambition. Its mere existence, as it is founded in derogation of the rights of the other classes of society, upon different principles and with different interests, must unhealth the sword of civil discord. It was worth the hazard of a revolution to extirpate the privileges of that corps.
The unity of the legislature by the experience of America, has been found in many respects objectionable, but more particularly, as it deprives the subject of a second examination by a different body, and who partake not of the party spirit and heat of the former. The demonstration here has been deemed satisfactory, that for the attainment of wise legislation, the power should be distributed into two branches, and in consequence, those states who had adopted a different principle, have reformed their respective constitutions. 'Tis probable, however, that the danger of falling on the English expedient, of hereditary legislators in a house of lords, inclined them to decide in favor of one only.
The most exceptionable part of their government, and which bears the strongest marks of compromise and accommodation to ancient prejudices, is the hereditary of the crown. But a
perfect reform could not have been expected: even the people were not perhaps prepared for it: much has been done, and time and experience will correct its defects.
Upon a cursory review, therefore, of the principles of the government, it appears that the liberties of France have been placed on a secure basis. A new political balance has been created between the people and an hereditary monarch only; and upon such principles, that it is to be presumed, in the operation, the scale of the former will preponderate. As soon as this shall be established, its effects will be felt through every department, and give a tone to all its measures. No minister will be able to preserve his station without the confidence of the national assembly; nor in general will any be appointed who do not possess it. Their approbation will be the high road to preferment; and to this, as the only source of power, will the candidates for public favor, of every rank and description of men, address themselves. Those degrading arts which had formerly recommended them to the throne, will be laid aside. Unless their claim shall be founded on the basis of public merit, it will be rejected. The king will stand alone with little more than the right of nominating to office, those who will be responsible for the ordinary administration; and if he does not preserve the confidence of the people, will, in some measure be deserted. In case of variance, there will be no intermediate branch to shield him from danger; no aristocratic corps to gather round and protect him from their resentment. Even the clergy will give the preference, in their prayers, to the national assembly.
As the friend of humanity, I rejoice in the French revolution; but as the citizen of America, the gratification is greatly heightened. From a variety of circumstances, I have been led to believe, that if their effort had failed, the calamity would not have been confined to themselves alone, but have communicated its destructive influence to the noble fabric we have erected.
The fate of the two governments has appeared to be intimately linked together; and that of either dependent on the other. What these circumstances are, that should warn every good republican to stand on his guard, may be developed hereafter. 'Tis a lesson not now to be taught, that in times of the greatest splendour, the deepest wounds have been given to the public liberty.
ARATUS.
PHILADELPHIA.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
WEDNESDAY, Dec. 7.
The amended bill making appropriations for the support of government for 1792, was twice read, and ordered to be engrossed for a third reading to-morrow.
Petitions were read from William Leeds and Griffith Rees, praying relief for wounds received, &c. in the army during the war—Referred to the Secretary at War.
A petition from Thomas Cress, praying re-imbusement for duties paid on damaged teas, imported by him—Referred to the Secretary of the Treasury.
A petition from Elijah Bostwick, praying re-imbusement of costs of suit, incurred on account of supplies by him purchased for the army in the time of the war—Referred to Mr. Sylvester, Mr. Key, and Mr. Grove.
A petition from Henry Emanuel Lutterloh, praying his former petitions for allowance of pay as colonel in the army, during the late war, may be re-considered—Ordered to lie on the table.
According to the order of the day, the house then resolved itself into a committee of the whole (Mr. Smith (S.C.) in the chair) on the bill for establishing the post-office and post-roads within the United States.
Mr. Sedgwick moved for an amendment in the first section of the bill, and after some debate, the question being taken on the motion, it was negatived.
The speaker having resumed the chair, Mr. Smith reported progress in the bill, and asked leave to sit again to-morrow for the further consideration of the fame. Adjourned.
THURSDAY, Dec. 8.
The appropriation bill was read the third time, passed, and sent to the Senate for their concurrence.
A memorial of Aaron Cook was read, praying relief in consideration of a wound received in the American service during the late war, by which he is incapacitated from gaining a livelihood by labor—Referred to the Secretary at War.
Memorials were read from several societies in the states of Rhode-Island, Connecticut, New-York, Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, "for promoting the abolition of slavery, for the relief of free negroes unlawfully held in bondage, and for improving the condition of the African race;" and respectively praying that the African trade may be totally prohibited to the citizens of those United States for the supply of slaves to foreigners; that foreign ships destined for the slave trade may be prohibited from fitting in the ports of the United States; and that proper regulations may be adopted for the humane treatment of slaves imported into the states admitting such importations—Referred to Mr. Benion, Mr. Baldwin, Mr. Dayton, Mr. Smith (S.C.) and Mr. Learned.
The petition of Henry Emanuel Lutterloh, read yesterday, together with the Secretary at War's report of May 20, 1790, on a former petition of said Lutterloh, was referred to Mr. Grove, Mr. Schoonmaker, and Mr. Bourne, Rhode-Island.
According to the order of the day, the house then resolved itself into committee of the whole, on the further consideration of the post-office bill—when, after some time spent therein, the main post-road through the United States was agreed upon as follows: To go through Wilkesbarre, Portland, Portsmouth, Exeter, Newbury-Port, Ipswich, Salem, Boston, Worcester, Springfield, Hartford, Middletown, New-Haven, Stratford, Fairfield, Norwalk, Stamford, New-York, Newark, Elizabeth-town, Brunswick, Princeton, Trenton, Bristol, Philadelphia, Chester, Wilmington, Elkton, Charles-town, Havre-de-Grace, Harford, Baltimore, Bladensburg, George-Town, Alexandria, Colchester, Dumfries, Fredericksburg, Bowling-Green, Hanover-Court-House, Richmond, Petersburg, Halifax, Tarborough, Smithfield, Fayetteville, New-Bridge, over Drowning-Creek, Chero-Court-House, Camden, Statesburg, Columbia, Cambridge, Augusta, Savanna.
The committee then proceeded to consider the cross-posts, mentioned in the bill, and after proceeding therein for some time, the speaker resumed the chair, and Mr. Smith, chairman of the committee, reported progress, and asked leave to sit again on the bill to-morrow. Adjourned.
FRIDAY, Dec. 9.
A report from the Secretary of State was laid before the house, on the petition of Samuel Breck, and other persons, proprietors of a manufactory of sail-cloth in the town of Boston, in which they had requested the grant of an exclusive right to affix certain marks to the sail-cloth of their manufacture, which should not, under certain penalties, be adopted or used by any other manufactory. It was proposed in the Secretary's report, that a general regulation, in respect to the appropriation of marks, should be fixed on. The report was read, and laid on the table for further consideration.
A message was received from the Senate, by Mr. Secretary Otis, returning the bill apportioning the representation of the people of the United States according to the first enumeration, which had passed the Senate with certain amendments, one of which is,
* The king's assent was not necessary to establish the revolution; it was so only to ascertain the fact, whether he would serve in that office as now modified or not. And in case he had declined, which as a free man he had a right to do, his only claim on the nation, in addition to his private patrimony, would have been for some competent settlement in land or money. A claim too founded more on their liberality than justice. It seems reasonable that the habits and manners acquired in their service, and without his seeking it, should never fall a burthen on himself.
† 'Tis a new thing to see kings take charters from the people. It has been otherwise for a great length of time. Indeed in but few countries have the people any thing to shew against the tyranny of the crown; that they have one which they call their great charter , has long been the boast of the English.

FOR THE NATIONAL GAZETTE. DEPENDENT TERRITORIES
ARE of two kinds. First—Such as yield to the superior state at once a monopoly of their useful productions, and a market for its superfluities. These, by exciting and employing industry, might be a source of beneficial riches, if an unfavorable balance were not created by the charge of keeping such possessions.
All dependent countries are to the superior state, not in the relation of children and parent, according to the common phrase, but in that of slave and master, and have a like influence on character. By rendering the labour of the one, the property of the other, they cherish pride, luxury, and vanity on one side; on the other, vice and servility, or hatred and revolt.
The Situation of the Poor in England, and the Manner in which they live, may be seen from the following Account.—By Sir J. SINCLAIR.
Expences and Earnings of 6 Families of Laborers, by the Week and by the Year.
Table with 6 columns (No. 1 to No. 6) and multiple sub-columns for expenses and earnings per week and per annum. Rows include necessities like bread, salt, meat, tea, etc., and earnings from various sources.
ACCOUNT OF THE FAMILIES.
No. 1. A man, his wife and 5 children, the eldest 8 years of age, youngest an infant. No. 2. A woman, whose husband is run away, and 6 children, the eldest a boy 16 years of age, the next a boy aged 13, the youngest 5: 4 of the children too young to earn any thing. No. 3. A man, his wife, and 4 small children, the eldest under 6 years of age, the youngest an infant. No. 4. A man, his wife, and 3 small children, the eldest not quite 5 years old, the youngest an infant. No. 5. A man, his wife, and three young children, the eldest 6 years of age, the youngest an infant. No. 6. A man, his wife and 2 young children, the eldest 7 years of age, the youngest 4.
ANNUAL EXPENCES.
Table listing annual expenses for rent, fuel, clothing, and food (wheat bread, flour, etc.) for the families.
The tea used per family, is from 1 to 1 1-2 oz. per week, at 2d. per oz. Soft sugar, 1-2 lb. at 7d. to 8d. per lb. Salt butter or lard, 1-2 lb. at 7 1-2 to 8d. per lb. Poor people reckon cheese the dearest article they can buy. Malt is so dear, they seldom brew any small beer, except against a lying-in or christening. To eke out soap, they burn green fern, and knead the ashes into balls with which they make a lye for washing. In No. 5. the woman washes for one or two single laborers, for which reason 6d is charged for soap. In No. 4. the charge for bread is considerably less than in the others; because that family, the others get who buy by retail; and that greater quantity of meat, with greens and potatoes, makes the bread go farther. It appears from the preceding account, that the poor in England live in a very different stile from those of Scotland, and the earnings of the woman seem to be very inconsiderable indeed; for 6d. to 3s 6d per week.
that the ratio of representation be increased from thirty to thirty-three thousand.—The concurrence of the house was requested to the bill with the amendments.
According to the order of the day, the house, in committee of the whole, then proceeded to the further consideration of the post-office bill.—Mr. Muhlenberg in the chair.—After debating a considerable time on this subject, additional routes of the post being proposed, and sundry motions made relative thereto, some of which were agreed to, and others rejected, the committee rose, reported progress, and desired leave to sit again. Adjourned till Monday.
LONDON, Sept. 30.
The Declaration of the Emperor and the King of Prussia, signed at Pilnitz on the 27th of August, is circulating at Vienna; in consequence of which, we learn, that Leopold and Frederick William have undertaken to restore the liberty of the King, and the splendor of the French Monarchy; and that for this purpose they undertake to act with mutual accord, in employing the forces necessary for this important purpose.—In consequence of this resolution, the chancery of war have ordered two large Bodies of troops to be ready to march at a moment's notice, one of which is to take the route of the Austrian Low Countries, and the other to remain on the frontiers till further orders.
M. Montmorin, the French Minister for Foreign Affairs, has formally notified to all the foreign courts, the King's acceptance of the Constitution. None of the foreign courts have yet thought proper to take any public notice of this notification.
There is hardly a kingdom or state on the continent but prohibits the importation of French newspapers upon the severest penalties. Their folly is almost equal to that of a certain antient Senate. Herostratus had burnt the famous temple of Diana, in order that his name might become immortal. The Senate were resolved to disappoint his wish, and passed an edict, that no person under penalty of suffering death, should pronounce the name of Herostratus.—The consequence is, that the incendiary's name has taken root in history, and will never be forgot.
Nothing, is a stronger proof of the general confidence in the stability of the outline of the French Constitution, than the prices at which Church and Crown lands have sold. From the commencement of the sales, the prices have been from twenty-five to fifty years purchase, the average about thirty; and at present national property cannot be bought at less than thirty-three years purchase. The price may be either paid immediately or by regular installments in the course of eleven years, but with five per cent. interest on the balance till paid.
The Princes of the German empire have referred the whole of their concerns respecting the affairs of France, and the proceedings of the National Assembly, to the Emperor, with a promise to abide by whatever he shall advise in that business.
The illiterate race of Ottoman, enemies of all learning, now deprived of valor, the only virtue they ever possessed, still retain unfortunately, the ancient seat of learning, called by the Greeks Bizantium, afterwards Constantinople, and at present by the Turks, Istambol. The situation of this city, for commerce, is beyond all doubt superior to any thing of the kind in Europe, if not the whole world. The Chalcidians in the early ages of the Greek empire, had built a town on the opposite side of the Streight, which is much less convenient: A colony of Greeks having emigrated westward from the interior parts of the Lesser Asia, to the country about the Hellespont, were a long time in search of a spot whereon to erect a commercial city. Enquiry was at length made of the oracle at Delphos, who gave for answer—Build your city directly opposite to the town of the blind men. Search was a long time made to no purpose for a town inhabited by the blind. At length, it was discovered that the Chalcidians were designated by the oracle, and this (says ancient history) gave rise to the famous Bizantium—At present, little can be said for the remains of the Grecian race: tyranny has rendered them degenerate; an apathy of soul
has sunk all their genius; but it is a pity the works of their ancestors should lie buried in a region where they are never used. Many of these works must undoubtedly exist. The Baron de Tott says, it is universally believed they exist in Thessalonica and Constantinople; molten lead being run into the locks of the repositories, to prevent any person receiving benefits from these elegant compositions. What an addition would it be to the glory of the Empress of Russia, could she negotiate for some of those works, and present the public entire with the ideas of the most amiable and enlightened of mankind—with the complete works of a Polybius, a Plutarch, a Menander, an Archilochus, a Simonides, a Tacitus, a Livy, or a Tully.
M. de Verac, formerly Ambassador from France at Soleure, has resigned his office. The King has not yet appointed any person to succeed him.
We are likewise assured, that M. de Tallyrand, Ambassador from France at Naples, has also resigned.
It still continues doubtful, whether M. de Montmorin will or will not continue in the department for foreign Affairs. It is reported that dispatches have been sent to M. de Choiseul Gouffier, our ambassador at Constantinople, to induce him, by all possible means, to consent to succeed M. de Montmorin.
Letters from Kiovia, August 22, altho' differing from each other in several particulars, agree in saying, that the destination of a body of 20,000 Russians, under the command of Marshall de Romanzow, still appeared mysterious, that popular rumour had ascribed to the corps an intention to assist a considerable number of Polish gentlemen, who are dissatisfied with the new constitution. This conjecture had been abandoned; and it is now thought, that it is the intention of these troops to cross Poland and Germany, to proceed towards the Rhine. It is true, it will not be the first time the Russians have undertaken a similar trip, as, in 1747. By such a proceeding, they contributed not a little to accelerate the peace of Aix la Chapelle. The news, however, does not the less appear of a doubtful complexion.
PARIS, Sept. 26.
The King's acceptance of the Constitution, and his enlargement thereupon, has diffused a general joy. In the rejoicings on Sunday evening, the greatest decency, politeness, and good humor prevailed; the populace entirely laying aside the ferocity for which they have been lately distinguished. The Queen, however, was afraid of exposing herself to the hoots and hisses to which she has been some time accustomed; but, M. de la Fayette assured her she would meet with nothing but applause; and so it proved when she walked out in the evening with the King in the garden of the palace. This knowledge of the disposition of the popular mind, and the ascendancy he has over it, has made the commandant-general (Fayette) regretted by the Royal family. It is said, that the suppression of his post was a great deal owing to his own management. He was jealous of any one's holding it after him, and wished to disappoint the rivals who aspired to fill his place. As he imitates his master, Washington, in every thing, he is going to retire to the obscurity of the country, until he shall be called to the Mayorality of Paris, as the other was from the shades of Mount Vernon, to the Presidency of the United States of America.
Monsieur Bougainville, the famous circumnavigator, is appointed Minister of the French Marine.
So miserable is the present establishment of the soldiery in England, that our countrymen resident in or passing through that country, as well as others are accosted by soldiers at every corner, even at the Prince of Wales's gate in St. James's Park, desiring in a beggarly tone, the assistance of a few half pence. Soldiers in general, when pinched for money, turn thieves, murderers, &c., all which actions suppose some kind of courage—Begging is vile, miserable, and shameful in the extreme. The Prince of Wales keeps six hundred horses—why not sell some of them and relieve the soldiery?—Every foreigner traveling into England, cannot but pity a nation protected by a set of beggars.

PHILADELPHIA,
DECEMBER 12.
On Friday the 9th instant, the Governor of this state met both Houses of the Legislature in the Senate Chamber, and communicated his Speech, on the business of the present session. Among other objects contemplated in the Speech, was, the opening of the navigation of the Susquehanna; a plan for forming a communication by water, with a few easy carrying places, from the Ohio to the rivers (particularly the Delaware) falling into the Atlantic Ocean; and a negotiation between the states of Pennsylvania and Maryland for the purpose of uniting the navigation of the Delaware and Chesapeake bays, and thereby opening a new avenue from this port to the ocean.
ON the 27th of August last a letter was laid before the National Assembly of France, from the inhabitants of the island of St. Pierre and Miquelon, near Newfoundland, praying supplies of provision. "It is the lot of these unfortunate people (says a French paper) to exist upon barren lands, and even there to contend with their neighbors, the English, for a miserable subsistence on codfish. Perhaps the best mark of our regard for them would be to return this wretched colony to old France."
Extract of a letter from New-York, Dec. 9.
"Nothing new from this place at present, except a fire, the evening before last, which for some time wore a threatening aspect. It happened in John-Street, in a building belonging to Mr. Hallet, a coach-maker, adjacent to the Theatre. No sooner was the alarm given that the Theatre was in danger, [which is in fact the Church of many people] than people of all sects and parties exerted themselves in an unprecedented manner for saving the building from ruin. The efforts of one person in particular were wonderful, who mounted himself on the roof of the Theatre, and literally fought with the flames, for the preservation of this school of morality."
The war between the Moors and the Spaniards is said to be a piece of the most consummate policy in the court of Madrid. The minds of the populace, which, for want of other employment, were wholly occupied in devising means for redressing the grievances under which they laboured, will now be diverted, and the government be again suffered to enjoy a state, if not entirely tranquil, free at least from intestine commotions.
A London paper of credit has the following paragraph under the Vienna head of Sept. 10. "The measures which the Emperor seems to have taken with the King of Prussia relative to France appear daily more serious. If the declaration which will shortly appear at Paris on the part of those two monarchs, & which will be seconded by similar declarations on the part of several courts of the south and north of Europe shall be absolutely ineffectual, and if the negotiations in which the winter may be employed terminate but in useless conferences, there can be no doubt but scenes of destruction and carnage will take place the ensuing spring. The preparations making for that fatal purpose are not of the blustering kind, but they are not for that reason the less certain. Many bodies of troops have begun their march from different parts of the Austrian States towards the Rhine: Ten battalions and as many squadrons have just received orders enjoining them to make all the necessary dispositions to enable them to follow the same route."
"With respect to the reports circulated, relative to the plan of attack, and of the campaign, which the allied princes have agreed upon, there is reason to think that all is not authentic; but exaggeration and error in details do not destroy the excellence of the design. Three armies will certainly be assembled, to act against France on the side of Germany. The first will be assembled near Luxembourg, where 30,000 Austrians will be joined by all the Prussian regiments on the Westphalia establishment. The second will be assembled in Brigaw to consist of twenty battalions of Hungarians and Croats, of ten squadrons of Austrians, cavalry, and of the double contingents of the cities of Bavaria, Franconia, Suabia, and the upper Rhine. The third will be collected in the environs of Worms, and will consist principally of the troops of the two circles of Saxony."
About the hour of ten, on Wednesday night last, the large workshop of Mr. James Hallet, nearly adjoining the Theatre in John-street (New York) took fire, and was entirely consumed. The Theatre was in great danger of meeting the same fate, having caught fire several times; but through the exertions of the citizens, was ultimately preserved. It is said the building caught fire in the fourth story, where a quantity of tow, &c, was deposited. Had it happened in the dead of the night the consequences must have been dreadful. Wind north-west.
Extract of a letter from Charleston, Nov. 16.
"I received safe the volume of poems of Phillis Wheatley, (a negro woman of Boston) which upon my re-iterated applications, you were at length so obliging as to send me. I observe the Publisher of the work has put himself to abundance of trouble to convince the public that the poems are genuine, and, indeed, they evidently require a great deal of apology of this kind to prevent a suspicion of their being sadly garbled. Upon my first reading the advertisement of those poems in one of the northern papers, as written by an African, I expected, when I should be gratified with a perusal, to meet with some bold original strokes of nature such as we might suppose to be produced by a rude native of a country, which instead of poetry has hitherto furnished us with little else than
elephant's teeth, monkies and slaves. But my expectations are frustrated: instead of something of the original kind, and characteristic of the stile of the country Mrs. Wheatley came from, I am treated with little else than some trite stuff "on the death of George Whitfield." To the Revd. Mr. Such an one on the decease of his wife," or "Verses to a Student in divinity on some of the Dogmas of Fanaticism." To say the truth, I see little more merit in these poems, than would be incident to any other collection, the work of some person that had been a good deal conversant in Watt's lyrics and Pomfret's poems. Several impressions, however, have been sold off as I am informed; not so much it is to be supposed for the real merit of the poetry as the accidental circumstance of its being the production of a fable Ethiopian. You may find on a few dozen to this place, but, by all means, of that edition wherein the footy Lady is engraved at full length by way of frontispiece. It will have an excellent effect in forwarding the sale of the work."
Extract of a letter from St. Croix, Nov. 1.
"I embrace the present opportunity to inform you of a severe hurricane having in a manner laid waste the greater part of this Island on the 25th of October. The very day, on which by a rule of the Island, our churches return thanks yearly, in case no Hurricane has happened during the preceding three months. The ravages on the north side and towards the west end are terrible, and the destruction has also extended in no small degree to the neighbouring Virgin Islands. Most of the sugar Plantations that had canes in any degree forward, have suffered extremely, and even those of a larger growth are twisted and torn in such a manner as to be nearly useless. Several estates that had great prospects from the ensuing crop, have a certainty at present of not making a single hoghead of sugar. Some damage is done to the shipping at Bassend; at the west end road, numbers were fortunate enough to get to sea, some of which are returned, others not."
From the Lexington (Kentucky) Gazette.
Copy of a Circular Letter from Brigadier-General Scott, to the different County-Lieutenants in Kentucky.
LEXINGTON, Nov. 11, 1791.
"SIR, "WE have now received certain intelligence that the army have been defeated. The loss is very great. The garrison at Fort Jefferson is intercepted, and many, many brave wounded gallant men are now left on the road unable to travel and without any provision, but the flesh of pack-horses. This case requires immediate exertions. I have appointed a rendezvous of volunteers at Craig's mill, the 15th instant, completely equipped, with arms, ammunition, and 20 days provision. I trust that no exertion on your part will be wanting, when the safety of our country, and the lives of brave men are in danger. The circumstance requires the greatest dispatch, and no friend to his country can now be idle. Believe me with respect, yours."
"The volunteers who are not ready by the 15th inst. are to follow as soon as possible."
BY sundry gentlemen who are arrived in town since Thursday last, we have the melancholy account of the defeat of the army under General St. Clair. They say the attack was made by the Indians, on the 4th instant, at day break, and continued about four hours. That we lost 46 commissioned officers killed, and 25 wounded, and about 600 privates, besides pack-horse and bullock drivers, &c. 8 pieces of cannon, and all the baggage.
THE following is a list of the officers said to be killed and wounded.
 K I L L E D.  General Butler.  Colonel Oldham.  Majors—Brown, Hart, Clark, and Ferguson.  Captains—Bradford, Tipton, Smith, Purdie, Newman, Phelon, Kirkwood, Peate, Price, Sweringan, Cubbs, and Gutherie.  Lieutenants—Warren, Spier, Luckins, Mac-Nickle, M'Math, Hopper, Ried, Kello, Boyd, and two others.  Ensigns—Bealy, Cobbs, Balfh, Brooks, Chase, Turner, Purdie, and two others.  Quarter-Masters—Ward, Reynold and Sample.  Adjutants—Anderson, Burgess, besides Militia officers.  Doctor Crayton. 
W O U N D E D.
 Colonels—Gibson and Dark.  Major Butler.  Captains—Ford, Doyle, Dark, Buchanan, Madison, Trueman, Slough, and three others. 
Lieuts.—Dubuts, Price, Grethous, Crawford, M'Crea, and two others. Ensigns.—Morgan, Bines, and four others. Doctor Gano.
Total, 44 killed, 26 wounded. On Saturday last the Indians killed two men on the Ohio, between Locust Creek and the mouth of Limestone.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Mercer county, to a member of the General Assembly, dated November 13th, 1791.
"The defeat of General St. Clair, on the 4th inst. engrosses all our thoughts; we had 600 men killed and wounded, all the stores lost, and 7 pieces of Artillery. This engagement happened about 15 miles from the Maume Village, 30 from Fort Jefferson, and 98 from Fort Washington."
"General St. Clair, expected an action; the men were drawn up in order of battle, and stood in their ranks all night; the army were formed into a hollow square—the artillery and baggage in the center—the enemy made their attack at the dawn of day on all the lines, particularly on the rear, which was composed of Militia; they were overpowered and gave way, the Indians rushed on and soon were possessed of the Artillery, which was retaken in a few moments by a company of regulars with fixed bayonets; but most of the matrosses being killed, no use was made of it. The action continued obstinately, till 9 o'clock, when our men gave way. General St. Clair rallied them and brought off the greater part of the wounded to Fort Jefferson, being pursued about 5 miles, where the remains of the army and wounded are cooped up, almost starved, living on poor pack-horses."
"The people of the district are preparing to go to the relief of Fort Jefferson, and I hope by the 20th, 1000 or 1500 effective men will be at Fort Washington, on their way upon this occasion. A number of your acquaintances will turn out, in Lincoln, Logan, Shelby, and Ewing—Mercer, Colonel M'Dowell, and myself, with a number of young fellows; we shall carry provisions to the garrison, and bring off the wounded."
"By a gentleman who left Kentucky on the 15th instant, we learn, that our friend the Mountain leader, was out with a party of white men at the time of the attack, and it was feared they have fallen a sacrifice likewise."
[The following is a translation from a paper printed at Cape-Francois.]
ACCORDING to the accounts taken in 1789, the total number of slaves, men, women and children, in the ten parishes now revolted, was sixty-eight thousand six hundred and sixty-four. From this number, if we deduct two-thirds for old men, women, children, and invalids, there will remain, capable of acting offensively, twenty-two thousand, eight hundred and eighty-eight.
There have been killed or wounded in our engagements with them, 4000, which will reduce the number to 18,888. From these again we must deduct 4000, who have either returned to their masters, or are concealed in the woods for the purpose of giving themselves up. The number we have actually to cope with, is 14,888—and of this number there are at least one-half who were forced into the service of the insurgents, without arms, and incapable of making resistance in case of being attacked. Of this 14,888 there are not a fifth part furnished with muskets or pistols, and this fifth parts amounts to 2977. The whole of this number are scattered through the ten quarters, which gives 1400 to every quarter, but the necessity of providing subsistence renders their parties very unequal.
Of the 68,664 negroes that have revolted, 30,000 may be deemed lost, either by being actually killed, or becoming wild in mountains to which there is no access. The value of each of these negroes may be estimated at 2500 livres each, which makes the whole loss in revolted negroes, 75,000,000 livres.
The losses incurred from the destruction of 172 sugar works, plantation-houses, cattle, &c. &c. is reckoned at 111,800,000 livres.
The losses in buildings, produce, and the cattle on 936 coffee-plantations, is—131,400,000 livres. Villages, cotton and indigo plantations, and cattle, buildings, &c. upon them, are estimated at 6,400,000 livres.
Total loss—324,600,000 livres.
IF Louis the Sixteenth (says a London paper) should not now make the best of Kings, the fault must be his own, as the discipline he has experienced in his person and family, with the thorough reformation in Church and State, must have, in a great measure, effaced those prejudices with which every royal mind is but too well furnished, till instructed by the precepts of the law, and the firmness of the people. The methods of governing a spirited, populous, and extensive empire, are so plainly laid out, that it is next to impossible that either the King or his Ministers can mistake the road. There are also spiritual advantages secured to the Monarch; for by being deprived of his own will in all public acts, he must necessarily avoid those crimes which a deviation from the rules of known justice are perpetually accumulating on the exercise of arbitrary power. The maxim, "that the King can do no wrong," is a reality in France—He whose wings are clipped cannot fly over the constitution.
A lengthy plan has appeared in one of the late English papers for emancipating the slaves in the British West-India islands: the substance of which is as follows: 1. "A royal proclamation to be issued for every individual planter in those islands, to flock his plantation with a proper number of negroes of both sexes."
2. Two or three years after the issuing of this edict, let a general emancipation take place. Let the slaves upon every plantation be valued, and government then the masters for such slaves so emancipated. At the same time let the condition of this emancipation be, that the slaves shall pay yearly such sum out of their labour, as may be determined by parliament.
3. The master shall after the emancipation, suffer all those who were his slaves to remain on the estate, and let them occupy their houses, and the ground which they formerly did, without paying any rent so long as they continue to work for the same master; but, if they should leave the estate, to forfeit to him both house and land. This method will oblige the servant to continue in the master's employ.
4. It has been advanced, that the emancipation of the negroes in the English West-Indies would tend to injure certain manufactures at home.—It is well known, that there are nearly one hundred thousand blacks in those islands, and it is equally well known, that the blacks in general are nearly naked—now, if these people were but moderately paid for their labour, is it not to be supposed that they would dress in a very different manner from what they do at present—then we may say that where there is one shilling now laid out in English manufactures for the use of the negroes, there would be forty, if the people were free.
5. It has also been said, that if England emancipates her slaves, other nations will not do it. Neither need she care whether they do or not. When the slaves are once made free and become citizens there will be no longer any fear of trusting them with arms. Each island will then be adequate to its own defence, and there will be no necessity, in case of invasion, for sending out white troops to the West-Indies, which generally proves their grave.
If this plan or something of the kind is not adopted, it is to be feared that the present troubles in Hispaniola will prove only the beginning of sorrows. The period of time seems to have arrived, when America is becoming too ponderous for European domination. Let us therefore fall in with the natural current of things, and by being the first nation to recognize the rights of men, of whatever colour, lay claim to the solid glory of extending a share of that freedom beyond the Atlantic, which every Briton pretends to consider as his Birth-right."
   PRICE OF STOCK.   Funded Debt.     Six per cents, per £. — — 22 3/4   Three per cents, — — — 13 1/2   Deferred six per cents, — — — 13 3/4   Unfunded Debt.   Final settlements, — — — 20/   Interest due previous to 1788, 12/. — — 12/   Indents, — — — 12/   Bank scrips, — — — 133 dollars  
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. December 1791.
   D. H. Bar. Ther. Wind. Weather.     Monday, 5. 7 30. 1 30 calm Cloudy.   2 30. 6 34 s. w. Snow.   Tuesday, 6. 7 29. 9 31 N.W. Fair.   2 29. 75 32 1/2 do. Cloudy   Wednesday, 7. 7 29. 7 21 N.W. Fair.   2 29. 6 25 do. Cloudy.   Thursday, 8. 7 29. 7 19 N.W. Fair.   2 29. 62 28 do. ditto.   Friday, 9. 7 29. 7 22 N.W. Cloudy.   2 29. 6 32 w. Fair.   Saturday, 10. 7 29. 9 25 w. Fair.   2 29. 8 39 s. w. ditto.   Sunday, 11. 7 29. 85 28 calm Fair.   2 29. 9 43 N.W. Clouds.  
CHARLES BITTERS, No. 120,
South Market, near Fourth Street, Has received from New-York, and manufactured BY LOT MERKEL,
A large and General Assortment of Muffs & Tippets, Trimmings & Edgings,
Great Coats, Caps, Mitts & gloves lined with Fur which he will sell, Wholesale and Retail, at the lowest Prices. Oct. 4.

STATE OF NEW-JERSEY.
An ACT to incorporate the Contributors to the Society for establishing useful manufactures, and for the further encouragement of the said Society.
[Continued from page 48.]
Sec. 17. And whereas it may be necessary, for the beneficial extension of the aforesaid plan, to cut canals, and clear and improve the channels of rivers, the advantages of which will not be confined to the members of the said society, who ought therefore to be authorized to receive a reasonable toll to defray the expenses of improvements ultimately so valuable to the state: Be it enacted, That it shall be lawful for the directors of the said society, their engineers, artists and labourers, to enter upon and survey all such land, and land covered with water, as shall appear to them most practicable and convenient for effecting navigable canals, for the purpose of transporting goods, wares, and merchandise, to and from some manufactory by them established, and also such parts of such rivers and other waters as they may propose to open and clear, doing as little damage to the grounds and enclosures as shall be possible; and thereupon shall certify to the governor of this state in writing, as well the courses and distances of any such canal as they may propose to cut, and of the part of any such river as they may propose to clear and open, as the width and probable depth thereof, and shall transmit with such certificate a draught or plan of such intended canal, or of the part of such river so intended to be cleared or opened: and in like manner shall certify to the said governor, from time to time, such alteration in the intended course of such canal as the quality of the ground or other causes may occasion; whereupon it shall be lawful for them, their engineers, artists and labourers, to enter upon all such land, and land covered with water, as shall be necessary for effecting such navigable canal or canals, or for opening or clearing such river or rivers, and to contract and agree with the owners of any lands and tenements for the purchase of so much thereof as shall be necessary for the purpose of making, digging and perfecting such canal or canals, or opening and clearing such river or rivers, and of erecting and establishing all the necessary locks, works and devices, to such navigation belonging, if they can agree with such owner or owners: But in case of disagreement, or in case the owner thereof shall be feme covert, under age, non compos mentis, or out of the state, then it shall and may be lawful to and for the said directors to apply to two of the Justices of the Supreme Court of this State, who, upon such application are hereby authorized and empowered, enjoined and required, to frame and issue one or more writ or writs, as occasion shall require, in the nature of a writ ad quod damnum, to be directed to the Sheriff of the county in which such lands and tenements shall be, commanding him, that, by the oaths and affirmations of twelve good and lawful men of his bailiwick, who shall be indifferent to the parties, he shall inquire whether the person or persons, owning any lands and tenements necessary to be used by the said directors, or which may be injured in establishing the said canal or canals, or in opening or clearing such river or rivers, which person or persons shall be named, and which lands and tenements shall be described in such writ or writs, will suffer and sustain, and what damages by reason or means of taking any lands, tenements, mill, mill-pond, water, water-course or other real hereditament, necessary for the use of any such canal, or for the opening of the navigation of any such river, and the locks and works thereto belonging, and to return the same writ, together with the finding of the said Jury, to the next Supreme Court of this state after such finding, and, upon such writ being delivered to the said Sheriff, he shall give at least twenty days notice in writing to all and every the owners of the lands and tenements, in the said writ described, or to so many of them as can be found, or to the agent or agents of such owners of the time of executing the same, and shall cause to come upon the premises, at the time appointed, twelve good and lawful men of his bailiwick, who shall be selected in such manner as struck Juries usually are, to whom he shall administer an oath or affirmation, that they will diligently inquire concerning the matters and things in the said writ specified, and a true verdict give according to the best of their skill and judgment, without favour or partiality; and thereupon the said Sheriff and inquest shall proceed to view all and every the lands and tenements in such writ specified, and having considered the quantity of land, and land covered with water, mills, buildings or other improvements, that shall be necessary to be vested in the said company for the purposes aforesaid, and any water course then existing, the use whereof will be necessary for the purposes aforesaid, they shall cause the same to be minutely and exactly described by metes and bounds, or other particular descriptions, and shall value or appraise the injury or damages, if any, which the owner or owners of the said lands, tenements, mills, water, water courses, buildings or improvements, will, according to their best skill and judgment, sustain and suffer by means of so much of the said lands and tenements being vested in the said company, or by means of such improvements being destroyed or rendered useless or of less value, or by means of the said company being permitted to turn such water to fill their canal and locks, or by means of said company being permitted to enlarge any mill pond, mill-race, or other water-course, and to use the same as and for part of such canal and navigation, or by any other means whatsoever defining and ascertaining as well all such lands and tenements, liberties and privileges to be vested in the said company, as the several sums at which the said injuries and damages shall be so assessed; and the said Sheriff and Jury shall make an inquisition, under their hands and seals, distinctly and plainly setting forth all the matters and things aforesaid; and the Sheriff shall forthwith return the same, together with the said writ, to the officer of the Supreme Court, and at the first Supreme Court which shall be held next after the return of any such writ, the Justices of the said Court shall
examine the same; and if the said writ shall appear to have been duly executed, and the return thereof be sufficiently certain to ascertain the lands and tenements, rights, liberties, and privileges intended to be vested in the said company, and the several compensations awarded to the owners thereof, then the said Court shall enter judgment, that the said company, paying to the several owners as aforesaid the several sums of money in the said inquisition assessed, or bringing the same into the said Court over and besides the costs of such writ, and of executing and returning the same, shall be intitled to have and to hold to them and their successors and assigns forever, all and every the lands, tenements, rights, liberties, and privileges in the said inquisition described, as fully and effectually as if the same had been granted to them by the respective owners thereof: and if any return, so to be made, shall not be sufficiently certain, for the purposes aforesaid, the said Court shall award an inquisition de novo, and upon payment or bringing into court all such monies as by such judgement shall be required to be paid, or brought into Court, all such lands, tenements, rights, liberties and privileges, shall be fully and absolutely vested in the said corporation, which shall become seized and possessed thereof in like manner as the then late owner or owners was or were seized or possessed thereof. Provided always, That no greater quantity of land shall be in such writ directed to be set out, or shall be set out by any such Jury, than shall be sufficient for such canal and navigation, and to leave on each side of any canal intended to be cut, or water intended to be rendered navigable, a space or distance not exceeding two hundred and fifty feet, for the better maintaining and repairing of such canal and the locks, or other works, and buildings which it shall be necessary to erect and maintain, for the purpose of such canal or other navigable water.
18. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That, wherever such canal shall cross any public or private laid out road or highway, or shall divide the ground of any person into two parts so as to require a ford or bridge to cross the same, the Jury who shall inquire of the damages to be sustained, in manner herein directed, shall find and ascertain whether a passage across the same shall be admitted and maintained by a ford, or by a bridge, and, on such finding, the said directors shall cause a ford to be rendered practicable, or a bridge fit for the passage of carts and wagons to be built, and forever hereafter maintained and kept in repair, at all and every the places so ascertained by the said Jury, at the costs and charges of the said company: But nothing herein contained shall prevent any person from erecting and keeping in repair any foot or other bridge across the said canal at his own expence, where the same shall be of such height above the water as shall be usual in the bridges erected by the company; and provided also, that such foot or other bridges, so to be erected by the owners of such land, shall not interfere with any of the locks, buildings, or other works of the company.
19. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That it shall and may be lawful to and for the said directors, their engineers, artists and labourers, with carts, wagons, wains, and other carriages, with their beasts of draft and burthen, and all necessary tools and implements to enter upon the lands contiguous or near to the said tract of such intended canal or canals, or to such parts of any river or other water, as they may propose to clear and render fit for navigation, and also to take and carry away any stone, gravel, sand or earth, there being most conveniently situated for making, repairing, or improving such canal or navigation, and the same to use in carrying on the said work, first giving notice of their intention to the owners of such lands, and doing as little damage thereto as possible, and repairing any breaches they may make in the enclosures thereof, and making amends for any damages that may be sustained by the owners of such ground, according to a reasonable agreement with the owners, if they can agree, or, if they cannot agree, then according to an appraisement to be made upon the oath or affirmation of three, or, if they disagree, any two indifferent freeholders to be mutually chosen; or if the owners neglect or refuse to join in the choice, then according to an appraisement to be made upon the oath or affirmation of twelve good and lawful men of the bailiwick, to be summoned, sworn and impanelled, by virtue of a warrant from any one Justice of the Supreme Court of the state, or any one Justice of the peace in and for the county in which such lands may lie, who at the request of the said society may lie, who at the request of the said society is authorised and required to issue his warrant to the Sheriff of the said county, commanding him, that, by the oaths of twelve good and lawful men of his bailiwick, he make the said appraisement, and return the same forthwith under their hands and seals to the said Justice.
20. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That it shall and may be lawful to and for the said directors, so soon as any mill, canal, or any part thereof shall be perfected, or any river shall be rendered navigable in any part where the same was not before navigable, to appoint such and so many collectors of tolls, for the passage of boats and vessels in, through and along the same, and at such places as they shall think proper, and that it shall and may be lawful to and for such toll collectors, and their deputies, to demand of and from all persons having the charge of all boats and vessels, and rafts of timber, boards, plank or scantlings, passing through such canal, and the part of such river rendered navigable, and the locks thereto belonging, such tolls and rates, for every ton weight of the ascertained burden of the said boats and vessels, and for every hundred feet cubic measure of timber, and twelve hundred feet board measure of boards, plank or scantling in rafts, as the said directors shall think proper; provided, that the whole amount of such tolls and rates in one year shall not exceed fifteen per cent. on the sums expended in making and establishing such canal, or in opening and clearing such river, over and above the expenses of maintaining and repairing the same, together with the necessary works, and of collecting the said tolls and rates.
21. And, in order to ascertain the tonnage of boats using the said canal navigation, and to prevent disputes between the supercargoes or skippers
and collectors of tolls concerning the same: Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That, upon the request of the owner, skipper or supercargo of such boat or raft, or of the collector of the said tolls, at any lock, or place upon any such canal or water rendered navigable, it shall and may be lawful for each of them to choose one skilful person to measure and ascertain the number of tons which the said boat or vessel is capable of carrying, and to mark the same in figures upon the head and stern of the said boat, in colours mixed with oil, and that the said boat or vessel so measured and marked, shall always be permitted to pass through such canal or water rendered navigable, and locks, for the price per ton to which the number of tons so marked on her shall amount, agreeably to the rates fixed in the manner aforesaid; and if the owner, skipper or supercargo of such boat or vessel shall decline choosing a person, resident within four miles of the place where such toll is payable, to ascertain the tonnage thereof, then the amount of such tonnage shall be fixed and ascertained by the person appointed for that purpose by the said directors, or chosen by the said collector of tolls for the said company, and the toll shall be paid according to such measurement, before any boat or vessel shall be permitted to pass the lock or place where such toll shall be made payable by the said company.
22. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That if any person or persons whomsoever, shall wilfully and knowingly do any act or thing whatsoever whereby such canal or navigation, or any lock, gate, engine, machine, or device thereto belonging, shall be injured or damaged, he or they so offending, shall forfeit and pay to the said company, fourfold the costs and damages so sustained, by means of such known and wilful act, together with costs of suit in that behalf expended, to be recovered by action of debt in any court having jurisdiction competent to the sum due.
23. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the collectors of toll's duty, appointed and authorised by the said directors, may stop and detain all boats and vessels using the said canal and navigation, until the owner, skipper, or supercargo of the same, shall pay the tolls so as aforesaid fixed, or may distraint part of the cargo therein contained sufficient, by the appraisement of two credible persons, to satisfy the same, which distress shall be kept by the collector of the tolls taking the same for the space of five days, and afterwards sold by public auction, at the most public place in the neighborhood, to the highest bidder, in the same manner and form as goods distraint for rent are by law sold and saleable, rendering the surplus, if any there be, after payment of the said tolls, and the costs of distress and sale, to the owner or owners thereof.
24. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the said directors shall, at the expiration of every third year from the date of their incorporation, lay before the legislature of this state an abstract of their accounts touching such canals and waters rendered navigable, shewing the whole amount of the capital expended in purchasing real estates, and in digging, erecting and establishing the whole of such canals, locks, and works, and in rendering such waters navigable, and the whole income and profits arising from the said tolls, for and during the said periods: together with exact amount of contingent charges of supporting, maintaining and keeping the same repair for the said periods, to the end that the clear annual profits may be known; and if at the end of any such period, it shall appear from such abstract, that the clear profits and income of the said company, as touching the said canals and waters rendered navigable, will bear a dividend of more than fifteen per centum per annum as above limited, then and in such case the said tolls shall be reduced to so much as will reduce the said clear profits and income to a dividend not exceeding the said rate of fifteen per centum per annum; and the surplus which may have at any time accrued shall be paid to the order of the legislature of this state, to be applied in their discretion to the encouragement of literature, arts and sciences within this state.
25. And whereas the first attempts towards the establishment of manufactures by the said society may be attended with loss, so as to impair and diminish the capital thereof, and the said society have prayed that this legislature would authorise them to raise by lottery certain sums for their indemnification against such losses; in compliance with the said request, and for the further encouragement of the said establishment, Be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the said society be, and they are hereby authorised and empowered by one or more lotteries, to be drawn within this state, according to such scheme or schemes, and upon such terms as the directors of the said society shall institute, publish and declare, and under the management of such persons as the said directors shall for that purpose appoint, to raise, for the benefit of the said society, a sum or sums not exceeding in the whole one hundred thousand dollars over and above such charges and expenses as shall have been incurred in and about the management and drawing of the said lottery or lotteries.
26. And whereas it is deemed important to the success of the undertaking aforesaid, that provision should be made for incorporating, with the consent of the inhabitants, such district not exceeding six miles square, as may become the principal seat of the intended establishment; Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That any time after the directors of the said society shall have made choice of a suitable place for the principal seat of their said manufactures, and shall have certified the same to the governor of this state for the time being, it shall be lawful for the said directors, by advertisement in one or more of the public gazettes printed in this state, and also by advertisements affixed in the most public and notorious place within such district, to give notice that it appears to them conducive to the interest of the said society, if agreeable to the inhabitants of the said district, that the said inhabitants should be and become a body politic and corporate, and if within sixty days after such public notification, a majority of the taxable inhabitants of the said district shall not express their dissent
from the incorporation of the said district in writing, signed with their names addressed and delivered to the Governor of this state, it shall be deemed and taken to be evidence of the assent of the said inhabitants to be, and they shall thereupon be created and become, a body corporate and politic, in deed, and law, by the name and title of the corporation of the town of Paterson, to have perpetual succession; and they and their successors shall at all times be able and capable in law to have, hold and enjoy, any lands, tenements and hereditaments, goods and chattels, of whatsoever kind or quality, and the same to sell, grant, alien and dispose of; to sue and be sued, implead and be impleaded, in courts of justice or any place whatsoever; to make and use a common seal, and the same to alter and renew at pleasure; and also in manner hereafter mentioned, to ordain, establish and put in execution, all necessary and convenient bye-laws, ordinances, and regulations: Provided the same are not contrary to the laws and constitution of the United States, or of this state.
27. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That if any number of the said taxable inhabitants shall signify their dissent in manner aforesaid, and if the said society shall controvert the same, being a majority of the said taxable inhabitants of the said district, it shall be lawful for the Governor of this state, upon application made to him by the said society in that behalf, to issue a writ to the Sheriff of the county in which the major part of such district shall be, commanding him to make, or cause to be made, an enumeration of the taxable inhabitants of the said district, and to return the same within a certain time to be expressed therein, not more than three, nor less than one calendar month after the return of the said writ, and the same writ to renew in case of default until the said enumeration shall be duly made, and returned; and if upon such enumeration it shall appear that the number of persons who have signified their dissent are less than a majority of the whole number of the taxable inhabitants, then the dissent so signified shall be void and of no effect.
[Remainder in our next.]
ROBERT SMOCK, Woollen Draper & Mercer,
Has just received by the ship Pigou, from London, and for sale at his Store, on the north east corner of Market and Third streets, Philadelphia,
AN ELEGANT ASSORTMENT OF SUPERFINE and super broadcloths, in almost every colour.
Ladies superfine habit cloths, in the most fashionable colours.
Superfine cassimers, do.
Do. and super elastic striped cloths.
Milled drabs and hunters cloths.
A variety of fancy waistcoating, in silk, silk and cotton, silk mouselkin, cassimers printed and tamboured, and superfine striped Spanish tolinets.
Mens black fattins, florentines, and silk prunellas of superior qualities.
Silk, silk and cotton, cotton and worsted hose, assorted.
Sattins and mantuas, a beautiful variety.
Superfine rattinees, with a large collection of best trimmings for cloths, &c, or every quality.
Moreens, joans spinning, durants and calimancos.
Hairbines and camblets, &c.
9-8 wide superfine Marseilles quilting with borders.
Marseilles bedquilts and cotton counterpanes, 9-4 to 12-4.
Flanders bedbugs and bedtickings.
A beautiful variety of chintzes and cottons.
An elegant assortment of yard wide furniture chintzes, in beautiful colours and patterns, with a large variety of furniture cottons.
Velveteens, velvets, coruoroy, thicklets, fancy cords, stockinets, royal ribbs, fattinets, hair pluches, &c. &c.
Striped and grey, twilled and plain Bath coatings.
Rose blankets assorted.
ROBERT SMOCK has also for sale, a great Variety of GOODS of the best quality in their several kinds. He presumes it is unnecessary to be more particular in the enumeration, and that it is sufficient to say the assortment is very general and extensive, consisting of almost every article in his line of business. Being desirous of giving entire satisfaction to those who may be pleased to favour him with their custom, as well as of meriting a continuance of those customers, whose favours he has hitherto experienced, he flatters himself the choiceness of his Goods will be the best means of effecting his wishes.
JUST PUBLISHED, and for sale by THOMAS LANG, No. 21, Church alley; An Essay on COMMERCE and LUXURY.
Re-printed from the London edition—Price 1/6. The merit of this work will be acknowledged by every judicious reader. The re-publication of it in this country, at this time, has been advised by several enlightened patriots. These wish to promote our national commerce, on the basis of agriculture and industry, and free from the base alloy of imposition and gaming. They set a proper value on the conveniencies and ornaments of civilized life; but detest that luxury which is the offspring of a frivolous taste, and the mother of profligacy, dishonesty, poverty, of numberless private and public vices and misfortunes. Nov. 28. G.E.R.
PRINTED BY CHILDS AND SWAIN, AT THEIR OFFICE, NO. 239, HIGH-STREET, NEAR SIXTH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA.