Gazette of the United-States. (New-York [N.Y.]), 1790-11-20 00:00:00

Gazette of the United States.
PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, MARKET-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 59, of Vol. II.]
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1790.
[Whole No. 163.]
Discourses on Davila.
No. XXIII.—CONTINUED.
Utrumque regem, sua multitudo contulaverat.
THE Queen informed of this union, thought herself deprived of her firmest support, and dreaded, that the Princes of Lorraine, supported by the credit of the Constable, and discontented with her, might attempt to take from her the regency. She thought it necessary therefore, to connect herself more strictly with the King of Navarre, to counter balance this new party. She directed all her cares to maintain that equilibrium, which assured her power and that of her son. She entered into all the views of the King of Navarre, in favor of the Hugonots. Under the pretext of maintaining peace during the minority of the King, and of conciliating the hearts of the people, by a reputation of clemency, she published new declarations, which enjoined upon all the parliaments and all the other magistrates of each province, to molest no man on account of religion; to restore the goods, houses and possessions to all those, who, in times past, had been deprived of them, on suspicion of Heresy. The parliament of Paris, and some other magistrates refused to comply: but the Hugonots, thinking themselves authorized by the will and orders of the King, of the regent, and the dispositions of the council, assumed to themselves, as they had a better right to do from God and nature, a liberty of conscience, and their numbers and forces augmented from day to day. This was to fulfil the views of the Queen, if these religionists had known how to restrain themselves, within the bounds of moderation and reason. But as it commonly happens to people, who suffer themselves to be transported by their passions, and will not conform to the restraints of authority: as soon as they felt themselves tolerated, protected, and delivered from the fear of punishment, their resentments of former ill usage arose, they lost the respect due to the magistrates, and sometimes by public assemblies, and sometimes by injudicious discourses, or other violent proceedings, they drew upon themselves the hatred and indignation of the Catholicks. Hence arose obstinate disputes, which throwing the two parties into quarrels, spread tumult and insurrections thro' all the provinces of the kingdom. Thus, contrary to the intentions of government, and the expectations of the public, the remedy employed to save the state and maintain peace, became, at least as our Historian represents, contagious and prejudicial: and occasioned precisely those troubles and dangers, which they sought so carefully to prevent.
The Guises, we may be sure were not at all mortified at this turn of affairs. It was precisely what they wished. Encouraged and fortified by their union with the Constable, they seized this occasion to oppose the Queen and the King of Navarre. The Cardinal of Lorraine, finding the moment favorable to explain himself in council, without regard to the Queen or the King of Navarre, who were present: began to speak on the state of religion, and to represent, with all the vehemence of his character, that it was to betray religion, and to dishonor themselves in the eyes of the whole earth, to grant, in a most christian kingdom, liberty of conscience, to innovators already condemned by councils and the voice of the church. That not satisfied with disseminating monstrous opinions, with corrupting the rising generation, and imposing on the simplicity of the weak, they blew up the fire of rebellion in all the provinces of the kingdom. That already the insolence and outrages of these Heretics, hindered the ministers of the church from celebrating mass, and from appearing in their pulpits, and left to the magistrates scarce a shadow of authority; that every thing was a prey to the sword and flames, by the imprudence and obstinacy of those who arrogated to themselves the licence of believing and teaching at their pleasure; that the first kingdom of Christendom was upon the point of making a schism, of shaking off the yoke of obedience due to the holy see, and of abandoning the Catholic faith, to satisfy the caprice of an handful of seditious men. The Cardinal, enforced these arguments with so much energy, with that confidence and natural eloquence which gave him such an ascendancy, even in the most problematical opinions, that the protectors of the Hugonots opposed nothing to him but silence. The King of Navarre and the Queen replied not
a word, and even the Chancellor appeared amazed and confounded. The counsellors of state, irritated against the Hugonots, were of opinion to assemble immediately all the Princes and officers of the crown, to the parliament of Paris, there to treat on this subject, in the presence of the King, and determine the means of curing these disorders. This assembly was accordingly held on the 13th of July, 1561, in parliament. The King of Navarre dared not alone to make opposition openly; this would have been to declare himself a Calvinist. The Queen indeed, desired that the Catholic party should not prevail; but she was not the less apprehensive that they would impute to her the establishment and progress of Heresy. The contests in parliament were however, animated: the partizans of the Hugonots, forgot nothing to procure them liberty of conscience, as the only means proper to appease all troubles, and heal all divisions. Their efforts were useless. There was some reason for saying, that liberty of conscience was evidently opposed to the spirit and authority of the Catholic church; but none at all for pretending that it was contrary to the fundamental laws of the kingdom.
It was decided that the Calvinistical preachers and ministers should be chased out of the kingdom: and that they should conform in the public worship, only to the customs and ceremonies authorized by the Roman church. All assemblies, of every kind and in every place, with arms or without, except in the Catholic churches, there to hear divine service, according to their usages, were forbidden. To grant, however, some mitigation to the Hugonots, they added in the same Edict, that the cognizance of the crime of Heresy, should be reserved to Bishops and their grand Vicars: and if they had recourse to the secular arm, they could not condemn the guilty, but to banishment: finally, they gave a general amnesty for all disorders committed in times past, on account of religion. A declaration was drawn, signed by the King, the Queen, and all the Princes and lords of parties. (To be continued.)
From WEBSTER'S DISSERTATIONS on the ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
OF MODERN CORRUPTIONS in the ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION.
(CONTINUED.)
BUT it will be replied, Custom is the legislator of language , and custom authorizes the practice I am reprobating. A man can hardly offer a reason, drawn from the principles of analogy and harmony in a language, but he is instantly silenced with the decisive, jus et norma loquendi .*
What then is Custom? Some writer has already answered this question; "Custom is the plague of wise men and the idol of fools." This was probably said of those customs and fashions which are capricious and varying; for there are many customs, founded on propriety, which are permanent and constitute laws. But what kind of custom did Horace design to lay down as the standard of speaking? Was it a local custom? Then the keow of New-England; the onset and twice of Pennsylvania and Maryland; and the keind and key of the London theatres, form rules of speaking. Is it the practice of a court, or a few eminent scholars and orators, that he designed to constitute a standard? But who shall determine what body of men forms this uncontrollable legislature? Or who shall reconcile the differences at court? For these eminent orators often disagree. There are numbers of words in which the most eminent men differ: Can all be right? Or what, in this case, is the custom which is to be our guide?
Besides these difficulties, what right have a few men, however elevated their station, to change a national practice? They may say, that they consult their own ears, and endeavor to please themselves. This is their only apology, unless they can prove that the changes they make are real improvements. But what improvement is there in changing the sounds of three or four letters into others, and thus multiplying anomalies, and increasing the difficulty of learning a language? Will not the great body of the people claim the privilege of adhering to their ancient usages, and believing their practice to be most correct? They most undoubtedly will.
If Horace's maxim is ever just, it is only when custom is national; when the practice of a nation is uniform or general. In this case it becomes the common law of the land, and no one will dispute its propriety. But has any man a right to deviate from this practice, and attempt to establish a singular mode of his own? Have two or three eminent stage players authority to make changes at pleasure, and palm their novelties upon a nation under the idea of custom ? The reader will pardon me for transcribing here the opinion of the celebrated Michaelis , one of the most learned philologers of the present century. "It is not," says he, "for a scholar to give laws nor proscribe established expressions: If he takes so much on himself he is ridiculed, and deservedly; it is no more than a just mortification to his ambition, and the penalty of his usurping on the rights of the people. Language is a democratical state, where all the learning in the world does not warrant a citizen to supercede a received custom, till he has convinced the whole nation that this custom is a mistake. Scholars are not so infallible that every thing is to be referred to them. Were they allowed a decisive power, the errors of language, I am sure, instead of diminishing, would be continually increasing. Learned heads teem with them no less than the vulgar; and the former are much more imperious, that we should be compelled to defer to their innovations and implicitly to receive every false opinion of theirs."†
Yet this right is often assumed by individuals, who dictate to a nation the rules of speaking, with the same imperiousness as a tyrant gives laws to his vassals: And, strange as it may appear, even well bred people and scholars, often surrender their right of private judgment to these literary governors. The ipse dixit of a Johnson , a Garrick , or a Sheridan , has the force of law; and to contradict it, is rebellion. Ask the most of our learned men, how they would pronounce a word or compose a sentence, and they will immediately appeal to some favorite author whose decision is final. Thus distinguished eminence in a writer often becomes a passport for innumerable errors.
The whole evil originates in a fallacy. It is often supposed that certain great men are infallible, or that their practice constitutes custom and the rule of propriety. But on the contrary, any man, however learned, is liable to mistake; the most learned, as Michaelis observes, often teem with errors, and not unfrequently become attached to particular systems, and imperious in forcing them upon the world.‡ It is not the particular whim of such men, that constitutes custom ; but the common practice of a nation, which is conformed to their general ideas of propriety. The pronunciation of keow , keind , drap , jut , natsheur , &c. are neither right nor wrong, because they are approved or censured by particular men; nor because one is local in New-England, another in the middle States, and the others are supported by the court and stage in London. They are wrong, because they are opposed to national practice; they are wrong, because they are arbitrary or careless changes of the true sounds of our letters; they are wrong, because they break in upon the regular construction of the language; they are wrong, because they render the pronunciation difficult both for natives and foreigners; they are wrong, because they make an invidious distinction between the polite and common pronunciation, or else oblige a nation to change their general customs, without presenting to their view one national advantage. These are important, they are permanent considerations; they are superior to the caprices of courts and theatres; they are reasons that are interwoven in the very structure of the language, or founded on the common law of the nation; and they are a living satire upon the licentiousness of modern speakers, who dare to slight their authority.
But let us examine whether the practice I am censuring is general or not; for if not, it cannot come within Horace's rule. If we may believe well informed gentlemen, it is not general even in Great-Britain. I have been personally informed, and by gentlemen of education and abilities, one of whom was particular in his observation, that it is not general, even among the most eminent literary characters in London. It is less frequent in the interior counties, where the inhabitants still speak as the common people do in this country. And Kenrick speaks of it as an affectation in the metropolis which ought to be discountenanced. (To be continued.)
* "Quem penes arbitrium est, et jus et norma loquendi." Horace . † "Nothing," says Kenrick , "has contributed more to the adulteration of living languages, than the two extensive acceptation of Horace's rule in favor of custom . Custom is undoubtedly the rule of present practice; but there would be no end in following the variations daily introduced by caprice. Alterations may sometimes be useful—maybe necessary; but they should be made in a manner conformable to the genius and construction of the language. Modus est in rebus . Extremes in this, as in all other cases, are hurtful. We ought by no means to shut the door against the improvements of our language; but it were well that some criterion were established to distinguish between improvement and innovation."— Rhet. Gram. page 6, Did.
‡ See a learned "Dissertation on the influence of opinions on language and of language on opinions, which gained the prize of the Prussian Royal Academy in 1758. By Mr. Michaelis , court counsellor to his Britannic Majesty, and director of the Royal Society of Göttingen."
As oft the learn'd by being singular, So much they scorn the crowd, that if the throng, By chance go right, they purposely go wrong. Pope .
LITERATURE
FLOURISHES in the United States. As one instance we mention the patronage given to the American press. The new publications multiply fast. Besides original productions, many transatlantic works have been reprinted. The Bible in 12mo. has lately been published in Philadelphia by Mr. Young —in which city, and in New-York, two or three other editions of this valuable book, are now in the press—and Mr. Thomas —(whom an ingenious southern writer has called the American Baskerville , and from whose press have issued many large and valuable books)—is now engaged in printing two editions of the Bible ; one the large Royal Quarto BIBLE ; the other a large Folio, with 50 copperplates—A patriotic, laudable and heavy undertaking, deserving the patronage and encouragement of every friend to his country, the sciences, and religion. Mr. Dobson , of Philadelphia, is also publishing an "American Edition of the ENCYCLOPEDIA or Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and MISCELLANEOUS LITERATURE."—Two volumes of this work are already finished—it will comprise 16 volumes. (Columbian Centinel.)
HUMANE SOCIETY.
At a meeting of the Trustees of the Humane Society, held at Boston, November 1st, 1790.
VOTED,
THAT the thanks of the Trustees of the Humane Society, be returned to Mr. Goffe , for his humane and generous conduct in receiving the body of Mr. Davis , lately drowned, when this act of kindness was denied him at his own lodgings; and that Mr. Goffe be presented with the highest premium which the Constitution of the said Society will permit them to give.
Attest, JOHN AVERY, Junr, Record Sec'y.

"Order is Heaven's first law; and this confers'd, Some are and must be greater than the rest;"
ADDRESS
TO HIS EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR PATERSON.
SIR,
AMIDST the numerous addresses which have been presented since your late appointment, the Bar of New-Jersey beg leave to solicit your attention. As friends and as brothers we address you; and if, in this testimonial of respect and veneration for your character, we should depart from the usual stile of congratulation, we hope the feelings which occasion the departure, will plead our apology. The profession in which we labour is of so delicate a nature, that to preserve the character of a gentleman with fellow-practitioners and deserve the noble appellation of an honest man with the rest of mankind, requires a propriety of conduct which can be claimed by few, but which ought to be aimed at by all. Perhaps no man ever practised at the bar, who so fully arrived at this desirable point as yourself; and whilst you afford an eminent example of moral rectitude and enlightened understanding, you repel the illiberal idea that strict virtue is incompatible with the practice of the forum. Since the interest of the state calls the exercise of your abilities from the bar, we look forward with pleasure to that equal distribution of justice, which must be the consequence of your judgment and experience, when you preside as chancellor, of the state. In this point of view, sir, you are not lost to the profession; and as citizens, we enjoy the prospect of every benefit which can result from an efficient and guarded administration. As no one can better understand the interests of the community, your own benevolence and the general affection for your person, will conspire to accomplish our political harmony, which will at once give us weight in the national government, and influence the prosperity of the union. That your constant and successful exertions in your late public character, should meet with the utmost gratitude this state could display, ought to have been expected—but very few official appointments have, like your own, combined all ranks of people in one common bond of affection.
Under your auspices, sir, we are become a band of brothers; every whisper of suspicion will be banished: and whilst we, as a profession, bid adieu to your Excellency, as the most distinguished member of it, we, at the same time, embrace you as the ruler of a free enlightened people. That the cares of office may set lightly on your brow, is our sincerest wish—Be firm!—for Heaven smiles on conscious rectitude: And long may you live to govern our interests and our hearts.
At the request and in behalf of the Bar of New-Jersey.
JOSEPH BLOOMFIELD, Attorney-General.
November 13, 1790.
GENTLEMEN,
YOUR address affects me in a most sensible manner: It flows from the heart: It comes from friends and from brothers: I receive it as such; and as such, I feel it. The testimonial you present in favor of my private profession and public character, is expressed in the most obliging terms. In return, be pleased to accept the warm effusions of a grateful heart: To live in your affection and esteem is my fervent wish, and shall be my continual study. To effect this desirable end, my cares and efforts shall be directed to promote the freedom and happiness of the good people of this state, to advance our national prosperity; and to those numerous and diversified objects, which result from the administration of a free government, it is the full purpose of my soul to act with firmness, uniformity and decision; to make general principles, and not temporising expedients, the constitution and law of the land, and not the politics of the moment, the rule of my conduct. While thus I act, conscious rectitude will smooth the brow of care, and administer consolation and support in the most difficult and trying state of things.
Candor, liberality of sentiment, and moral rectitude, have, I well know, been always held in high estimation by the advocates of this state: These, indeed, are virtues useful and ornamental in every profession, and in none more so than that of the law: May they ever decorate the Bar of New-Jersey! The professors of the law, have distinguished themselves in behalf of the violated rights of mankind; have been eminently useful in the late revolution, and in the formation and establishment of our national government. In this point of view, they are dear to every friend of freedom; and it is not without a degree of professional pride, that I behold that long list of juridical names, which illumine and adorn the patriot roll of America.
In the administration of public affairs, it is a pleasing and animating circumstance, that in every measure which will conduce to the general interest of the state, or of the union at large, the executive can confidently rely upon the aid and cordial co-operation of the gentlemen of the law. But notwithstanding these encouraging assurances, it is not without much diffidence and anxiety, that I enter upon the execution of the important trust committed to my care. The scene is new—the task is arduous. Alas!—gentlemen—I fear that I shall often regret my acceptance of the honorable office which I now occupy—and with that I had continued with you a fellow-practitioner at the Bar. There I formed my friendships—there I passed the prime of my life, and expected to pass the evening of my days: There—I have often seen and experienced your candour and politeness—your generosity of sentiment and elevation of soul. Memory will frequently bring to my view those social hours, in which we lived as brothers, and in which we mingled the "feast of reason and the flow of soul!"—hours, which I shall muse upon with pleasing melancholy! and sweetest luxury of thought!
Go, gentlemen, and be happy—go, and still continue to exercise those virtues and talents, the display of which has rendered you conspicuous, and merited the esteem and confidence of your fellow citizens:—go, and may you long live an ornament to the profession in which you labour, and a blessing to the society in which you live.
WILLIAM PATERSON.
L O N D O N, Sept. 2.
IN the year 1762, when success attended the British arms in every quarter of the globe, this country derived near ten millions sterling of specie from the different captures made by the fleet and army. Such an influx of wealth, invigorated commerce and encouraged industry, while it raised the spirit of the nation to a pitch of enthusiasm, that rendered our men invincible against any superiority of numbers.
Tuesday a meeting of the privy council was held at the cockpit, summoned for the purpose of taking into consideration a report of Sir Joseph Banks, on the general question of admitting wheat, the produce of the United States of America, detained at the ports of Liverpool, &c.
It was not sufficient for the French to be free, but they must be forward; "they would not be good, but they must be too good."—Having obtained all the liberty a nation should wish or want, they pervert the very first powers of it, by the annihilation of rank and title, to the very ruin and destruction of honour, the great assertor of freedom, and the very thing which emancipated that kingdom; for now, since it is universally allowed that
Flattery will bow its head to money and to office; Placemen and monied men will bear all the way; and the great badge of superiority, from henceforth will not be ingenious merit , but dictatorial power .
Sept. 14. The Spanish Ambassador, it is asserted, is in hourly expectation of receiving dispatches, which were to determine whether he is to abide longer with us, or bid adieu to a country which, from long residence, and habit of intimacy with most of our nobility and gentry, he is particularly attached to. His excellency has been heard more than once to declare to his friends, during the present dispute, that he hoped he should not be under the painful necessity of leaving them directly.
The last letters from Spain contradict the accounts of the emperor of Morocco's assassination—though his cruelties and caprices every day subject him to such an accident. He is, however, represented as a warm friend (if such a man can be called a friend) to the English, whose cause he espouses upon every occasion.
Considerable quantities of American pot-ashes having been condemned by the Assaymasters, people skilled in that manufacture, have been led to make several experiments to discover the causes of its defects and impurity. The great evil which injures the sale, and very much reduces the value of some of the American pot-ash, arises from foreign matters, such as common salt and earth, being accidentally or designedly mixed with it. People vending or dealing in this article may save themselves the trouble and disgrace of sending an adulterated or faulty kind to market, if they will only [previously] observe the following method for trying its quality.—Take some pot-ash and dissolve it in water: Let there be as much pot-ash as the water will dissolve. Then plunge a piece of silver coin, or any thin plate of silver into the solution. If the pot-ash contains any inflammable or improper mixtures, it will change the silver to a dark or black colour, in the same manner as if it had been over the steam of burning sulphur—if the pot-ash is pure the silver will remain bright.—Upon the experiment being made should it be discovered to be bad, the evil can be remedied only by dissolving the whole quantity in pure water, and boiling it down, and fluxing it a second time; or it may be made into pearl-ashes, by calcination, with little expence.
An eminent physician, whose name we are not at liberty to mention, has obliged us with a list of Epidemic disorders now raging in England: among which are the following.—SORE THROAT.—This, he observes, although apparently infectious is peculiar only to certain inhabitants of the street called Old-Baily, and frequently proves fatal to six or eight at a time,—N. B. It never affects the patient but once, and always ends in suffocation. Of late, physicians have recommended long sea voyages, to persons so bad as to be in danger of this distemper—but it is always better to prevent than to cure—and very useful directions for prevention may be found by applying to the Philanthropic Society , or the Sunday Schools .
GAMING is a fever, or feverish affection of the chronic kind—very rarely proving soon fatal; but if the patient has once caught it, seldom leaves him, should he live ever so long.—The paroxysms of the distemper resemble those of the ague, that is, are cold and hot fits—the discharge of yellow matter , leaves the patient very low, and frequently a delirium comes on, ending in sudden death. In some patients he has observed a number of black and red spots , which he considers as very unfavourable symptoms.—The disorder is not hereditary, nor communicable without coming in contact with those black and red spots. It has been known to leave the patient for several years, and afterwards return. When this is the case, he observes that it is always fatal, a mortification ensuing. In younger patients a mortification properly treated and followed up by bit ters , has made a cure, but the utmost care in this case must be taken to prevent a relapse.
D U B L I N, August 31.
The shortness of the turns in a small and ill laid out-course, occasioned accidents to horses and jockies during the races at Athlone. Three of the jockies lie dangerously ill, and three of the running horses are incapacitated from ever appearing on the turf in future. From the vast concourse of people, many accidents happened to the spectators, amongst whom was a stay-maker, who on Tuesday was killed by a horseman having in full speed overturned him with such violence, that his ribs were all broke.
On Monday a curious cause came on to be tried at Alderman Emerfson's police-office: "A Liberty weaver sold his Cara Sposa to a friend for a guinea and a shilling, and marched her home to the residence of her purchaser. The morning following, the lady not liking the attentions of her new Lord, returned to her former lover, and refused to ratify his bargain with the purchaser, who in consequence applied to the police-office in
order to re-obtain his purchase money.—About 200 weavers attended the discussion. Several of the Weavers-square Ciceros harangued on the occasion; but the plaintiff was non-suited.
M O N T E G O - B A Y, Oct. 2.
Our late lieutenant-governor general Clarke, accompanied by Major M'Mordo, sailed from Portsmouth the 10th of August, in the Thynne-Packet-boat, for Quebec, being appointed lieutenant-governor of that province.
The inhabitants of Honduras, having surmounted the fear of any present disturbance, have again employed their negroes in their usual occupation of felling wood and preparing it for market.
P I T T S B U R G H, November 6.
No authentic accounts have yet been received from the troops out on the expedition, but there are a great many different reports through the country; these are entirely without foundation, and must be the fabrication of some persons who have little else to do. As soon as we receive any account that may be depended on, we shall undoubtedly publish it for the information of our readers.
Extract of a letter from Andrew Elicott, Esquire, to his friend in this town, dated Presque Isle, October 11, 1790.
"I yesterday completed the survey of the territory annexed to the State of Pennsylvania, after much difficulty and hardship. The land contained in this survey is generally good, and from its peculiar situation an important object to the State. The Indians did not appear to be well disposed towards the execution of our business, but after a treaty and receiving some small presents, accompanied with rum and tobacco, permitted us to go on."
R I C H M O N D, (Virg.) Nov. 11.
The last accounts from Kentucky, say, an advanced party of our troops came up with a number of Indians on the banks of the Ohio, killed 15, and took 25 prisoners—after the prisoners were examined, 15 were found to be white men, and are now in Fayette jail, Lexington.
Yesterday the general Assembly of this Commonwealth proceeded to elect a Senator of the United States, in the room of the Honorable WILLIAM GRAYSON, Esq. deceased, and a majority of votes was found in favor of JAMES MONROE, Esq.
B A L T I M O R E, Nov. 12.
Samuel Sterett, William Pinkney, Joshua Seney, William Vans Murray, Philip Key, and Upton Sheridine, Esq'rs. are elected federal representatives of the state of Maryland.
The Hon. George Dent, Esq. hath been unanimously chosen Speaker of the House of Delegates, now sitting, in the General Assembly of this State, at Annapolis.
W I L M I N G T O N, Nov. 13.
On Monday, the 8th inst. commenced the election for a representative in Congress from this state, when the Hon. John Vining, Esq. was re-elected in New-Castle and Kent counties, by a very large majority.
B U R L I N G T O N, November 10.
At a meeting of the Burlington Society, for the promotion of Agriculture and Domestic Manufactures, on Saturday the 6th of November, 1790.
Resolved, That notice be given to the candidates for the premium offered by this society in their resolution of the 3d day of April last, for the best quantity of cheese, not less than 300 weight to be made in this country, that a room is provided at the house of Mr. Alexander McGregor, hatter, next door to the house of Bowes Reed, Esq. in Burlington, for the reception of such parcels of cheese as may be delivered prior to the the first Saturday in January next, on which day the premium will be adjudged.
N E W - Y O R K, Nov. 5.
We hear from Connecticut that Pierpoint Edwards, Esq. who was lately chosen one of the representatives from that state in Congress, has declined serving.
Died on Saturday, Mrs. Butler, the amiable and much respected consort of the Hon. Pierce Butler, Esq. senator of the United States from the state of South Carolina.
Extract of a letter from Bristol, Sept.
"The famous Herschell is about to publish some new observations upon the planetary system. With respect to those already made on the moon, if his glasses have not misled him, the deductions will give us a good deal of insight into the real nature of that planet.—From the information of his telescope, several burning mountains, commonly called Volcanoes, do there exist; and if such an element as fire does there exist; there must be certainly such a fluid as air to support it; and from hence we may count upon the reality of an atmosphere, about our attendant Satellite. By a peculiar lucid whiteness always plainly dif-

tinguishable at one or the other of the lunar poles he also proves, that like the poles of the earth, they are alternately covered with snow and ice. Mr. Herschell is now waiting anxiously for a total lunar eclipse, in hopes it will afford him an opportunity of making some new discoveries, to improve the planetary knowledge of the eighteenth century. Miss Herschel, sister to the Astronomer, has lately written a second letter to the Royal Society, on astronomical subjects, which is much read and approved of. We have, indeed, no woman upon record in this or any other country, who has applied tubes with such success, to the planetary system, as this Lady."
Extract of a letter from London, Sept. 3.
"Under the eye of Mr. Herschel, the Universe encreases upon us. He has recently enumerated forty-four thousand stars in the space of a few degrees; and, by analogy, there appears to be no less than seventy-five millions in the visible heavens. If they fill infinite space, their number must of consequence be infinite also. No part of mathematical science is more apt to surprize the generality of mankind than the measurement of the relative positions and distances of inaccessible objects. To determine the distance of a ship seen on a remote part of the unvaried surface of the ocean—to ascertain the height of the clouds and meteors which float in the atmosphere, and to shew with certainty, the wonderful dimensions and distances of the sun and other bodies, apparently gliding on the same visible canopy, are among those problems, which, to the unletter'd, seem beyond the reach of human art—they are, nevertheless, truly resolved, by means of instruments constructed on mathematical principles."
From the prodigious number of Europeans, as well as not a few American vessels that have long been in the habit of frequenting the northern polar seas for the sake of taking whales and other fish for the production of oil, those animals have of late years become comparatively scarce. The demand for oil, which is indispensable, has now put many of the adventurous owners of ships in the four eastern states, upon sending their vessels to the southern extremity of the globe for this purpose, where, especially from the fiftieth to the sixtieth degrees of latitude, whales are from experience known to abound, besides (on the shores) seals, sea lions, and other aquatic animals, that are capable of yielding this article in a proportionate abundance. Several vessels have failed from the ports of the eastern states, since the beginning of August on this voyage, most of which are expected to return the latter end of next summer, or the beginning of autumn.
MONSIEUR VOLNEY, the great traveller, and whose voyage to the Holy Land and other parts of Asia, has given the world so much pleasure in its perusal, is now a member of the French National Assembly. Remarkable was his sentiment, when in giving his opinion on the great question of granting a complete liberty to the Press in France, under the renovated government, he observed as follows:—"As in ships (said he) inhabited by a great number of people where there is a constant and fatal tendency to putrefaction, it becomes absolutely necessary (in order to preserve health) to fumigate, scrape, sprinkle with vinegar, and convey a constant supply of fresh air by every means possible into the interior parts between and below the decks; in like manner in every government, even the most free, there is a similar strong tendency of those in office towards despotism and tyranny. The liberty of the press, is in this case the great ventilator, the salutary vinegar, the busy scraping iron, and the searching fumigator—it is this that will in future preserve our political health in particular; and I will be bold to say, that in any kingdom even the most extensive, where the people can read and write, and there is a press absolutely and sacredly free—there the monster of tyranny cannot enter—the poisonous serpent will not be able to breathe—she must either sicken and die, or depart into those realms and regions whose atmosphere is more congenial to her own nature."
Philadelphia, Nov. 20.
WE can get no further intelligence of the vessel which lately arrived, by report, from England, in 22 days passage, at Rappahannock. No European news of so recent a date having appeared in the southern papers, we presume the whole account is a fabrication, to answer, perhaps, some commercial speculation—whether in paper or grain, we will not pretend to say—or whether we have any Bulls and Bears in the United States, time will disclose.
The following vessels lay in the port of Philadelphia, on Friday Nov. 12, 1790.
 50 Ships,  45 Brigs,  25 Schooners,  43 Sloops,  1 Snow. 
By the returns of the MILITIA of the state of Connecticut, there appears to be six brigades, thirteen Regiments of Infantry, six of Cavalry, three companies of Matrosses, and three companies of State Guards, amounting in the whole to thirty thousand effective men, well officered and appointed, and completely armed; most of the regiments were reviewed last month, and are generally in a neat uniform. A degree of emulation pervades officers and privates to excel in the military art, that does honor to them as freemen, and as citizens of a republic, who are determined to support the constitution and government of the country, without the aid of a standing army, or an expensive national militia. It is hoped the example will extend to the neighbouring states, and through the union, that foreign nations may have no inducement to attack us, when they find us constantly prepared for war.
The loan which has lately been negotiated in Holland with so much facility and dispatch,—the frequent and respectful mention which is now made of this country in foreign prints—the anxiety which has been shown by the English left the United States should take part with the Spaniards, in case a war should break out between the two powers, and the desire which England expresses to conclude a treaty with us, mark the favorable change in the sentiments of foreign nations with regard to us, in the strongest manner. (General Advertiser.)
A correspondent observes, that the emigration of French citizens to this country, at this period, is an event of a very singular nature: At the moment when the people of France are emerging from the depths of despotism, and are asserting their claim to those rights and privileges which confer real dignity on the human character, a very considerable number of their fellow citizens are seeking an asylum in the wilds of America.
This is the apparent state of the case: But a few reflections may serve to place it in a different point of view. These emigrants have discovered by their conduct, that they entertain just and competent ideas of liberty, by electing this land of freedom as their retreat: Here a government is already established, which secures the property and equal rights of all: They reason on firm principles, when they associate the idea of a balanced government, like that of the United States, with that of civil liberty; for life, liberty and property, are certainly afloat where a despotic majority bears all before it.
How long this may continue to be the case in France, appeared to these emigrants uncertain—for power is intoxicating—and the majority there have certainly made the most unbounded use of theirs, by possessing themselves at a stroke, of the greatest amount of wealth that ever was confiscated to the use of the public. The confiscation of the property of the clergy—and the voluntary contribution of a great proportion of the estates of individuals to public uses, may be necessary—but are doubtless considered as very alarming precedents—for plausible pretences are never wanted by uncontrouled power, to make indiscriminate appropriations for the public good—no man, or body of men—no profession is exempt—and so long as power can be supported by confiscations, the prospect of a constitution, which shall check the rapacity of the majority, is an illusive idea. How far these emigrants are to blame for quitting the pleasant fields of France, when the exigencies of their country called for the abilities and patriotic exertions of all good citizens, is problematical. Had they seen a fair prospect of settled times, under the auspices of a free government, it is hardly to be supposed they would have encountered the perils of the sea, and the hardships of the wilderness, that they might pass the residue of life in peace, security and freedom. From hence we may infer, that emigration from France at this crisis, is an imperfect comment on the French revolution.
The several districts in Massachusetts in which no choice of Federal Representative hath taken place, are to vote again on Friday the 26th inst.
His Excellency JOHN EDGAR HOWARD, is unanimously re-elected Governor of the State of Maryland.
Philadelphia sincerely sympathizes with the town of Boston, in the loss of her invaluable citizen, the late Gov. BOWDOIN. This gentleman's conduct in private and public life, has long excited the love of his friends, and the admiration of the most distant States. His firmness crushed the rebellion in Massachusetts in 1787. He preferred character to popularity, and the esteem of wise and good men, to the praise and flattery of the ignorant and unthinking multitude. Some men have opposed a single tyrant with boldness, who have afterwards basely crouched to the folly and tyranny of the people; but Gov. BOWDOIN possessed the singular fortitude of opposing a whole body of his constituents when they were acting under a fit of temporary madness. May such Governors be immortal in the annals of America! (From Mr. Brown's Gazette.)
Died, at Fayetteville, the Hon. John Stokes, Esq. Judge of the District Court for North-Carolina District.
PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES.     FUNDED DEBT.     6 pr. Cents 14 3/4 pr. £. or 70 pr. cent.   3 pr. Cents 7 3/4 pr. £. or 36 3/4 do.   Deferred 6 pr. Cents 6 3/4 pr. £. 33 do.   UNFUNDED DEBT.   Final Sett. and other Certificates 12 3/4—12 1/2. 62 1/2 do.   Indents 7 3/4—7 1/4. 36 3/4 do.   State debts 8 3/4—8 1/4. 41 1/4 do.   LATEST ARRIVALS AT THIS PORT.   Brig Hannah, Marshal, Gibraltar, 56 days   Sloop Friendship, Deal, St. Martins   Polly, Ellwood, Virginia 9.  
JOHN FRANCIS, Late of NEW-YORK, respectfully informs the public, that he has opened a Commodious Boarding House, No. 53, FOURTH-STREET, one door from Race-Street, WHERE Gentlemen may be accommodated with GENTLE BOARDING AND LODGING, By the Week, Month, or Year, and on the most moderate terms. Phila. Nov. 20, 1790.—[22w.3m.]
EXTRACTS.
As the ladies in general are more affected by the prevalence of immorality than men, it often surprizes me, that they do not endeavor to look those vices out of countenance among our sex, which are so frequently fatal to their own tranquility.
Louis the XIVth was stiled the GREAT—with how much justice will appear from the following extract of a letter, written to him by the excellent Fenelon.
"Your people whom you ought love as your children, and who have hitherto felt so strong an affection for you, are dying of hunger. The cultivation of the country is almost wholly abandoned; the towns and villages are depopulated; every species of trade is decayed, and no longer supports those who work in it; commerce is annihilated.—You have consequently destroyed one half the real internal strength of your kingdom, to gain and maintain little conquests abroad. Instead of draining money from the impoverished people, it was necessary to give them alms and food. The whole kingdom of France is become a great hospital, desolate and without provisions. The magistrates are degraded, and the nobility, against whom judgements have been obtained, live only by protections. You are importuned by crowds who demand and who murmur.—It is you, yourself, Sire, who have created all these embarrassments; for the whole kingdom being ruined, you have every thing in your own hands, and none can live but by your benefactions. Such, Sire, is this great kingdom, such is its prosperity, under a King who is every day painted as the delight of his people, and who would be so in reality, if the counsels of sycophants had not poisoned him."
Rome once mistress of the world, owed her origin to a band of ruffians, whom she herself would have gibetted in almost any subsequent period of her existence. What were the first founders of the British empire but a motley collection of abandoned wretches! And are not the justly tamed Americans their lineal descendants? The philosopher, when he contemplates human nature as liable to degenerate to a level with the brute, may, by turning the picture again, behold it emerging from its debasement, and, rising on the grades of refinement, claim alliance with the angels of light.
By virtue and industry the United States hold their claim to greatness: Laden with our own produce, the American flag is the Olive Branch of Peace in every section of the globe.
That our citizens should be brought up in habits of virtue and industry is as essential to the prosperity of our country, as it is to the families or individuals: Every man has some part to act on the busy stage of life, and if any one neglects the lot assigned him, society is injured by the omission, or it must be remedied by the increased exertion of others.
Postscript.
BY THE MAIL ARRIVED LAST EVENING. ABSTRACT OF FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 20.
A Gentleman, who arrived in town yesterday from Alexandria, informs; That a vessel had arrived there from Dunkirk, and brought accounts to the first of October—which state, that a full accommodation of all differences had taken place, between Spain and England.
By recent accounts from Holland we are informed, that owing to the great decline of the Dutch commerce the agio of the bank of Amsterdam has fallen to less than one per cent. above par.
The average of the agio or advance on bank money has commonly been 3 per. cent. and it has frequently been up to 5 per cent. The price of silver had also greatly risen, dollars were at 53 3/4 slivers; this extraordinary event is accounted for on different principles, the general idea is, that it originated in the great demand for specie to ship to the United States.
There can be no doubt of the Spanish fleets' having returned into port the 6th Sept. This account has been corroborated from various quarters; consequently the story of an engagement, via Charleston, (S. C.) falls to the ground.
The very formidable preparations made by Great-Britain, are evidently designed to prevent a war. Peace is perhaps more necessary to that country, than to any other in Europe: This is the opinion of Mr. Pitt, and of her wisest and best men: Spain will therefore deliberate a good while before she attacks a power, in itself more than her match, and prepared at all points for the worst.
France cannot seriously meditate hostilities: According to the statements made by her patriots in the National Assembly, her finances are in so critical a situation, that extra expences at this crisis, would involve the nation in bankruptcy.
Catharine, deserted by the Emperor, is looking out for new allies; but the account of her entering into an alliance with Sweden, in order to support the war against the Porte, is hardly credible, if, as has been reported, Sweden has been in league with the latter. Should it, however, turn out to be fact, that she considers Gustavus no longer as an enemy, it strongly indicates that she is tired of, or so much exhausted by the war, that she is determined to follow the example of the Emperor of Germany, and make peace with the Turks.
It is interesting to trace the different origins of the commotions which agitate the various parts of Europe.
In France the revolution was preceded by free thinking, libertinism and philosophy—before these down topples the whole hierarchy; for making a sweepstakes of the property of the clergy—that formidable pillar of despotism is sapped at its foundation.
In Germany, on the other hand, only the gradual attempts of the late Emperor to reform abuses, has kindled a flame of opposition to what is there considered as an outrageous attack on the dearest rights and privileges of the people.
By a London paper of 18th Sept. it appears that PEACE was proclaimed at Stockholm, capital of Sweden, the 31st August.
The late fire at Madrid burnt ten days. The British fleet under Lord Howe has arrived at Spithead, and the general opinion in London was, that there would be peace through Europe.
On Saturday the 6th inst. died at Boston, aged 64, the Hon. JAMES BOWDOIN, Esq. late Governor of the State of Massachusetts; President of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; and of the Massachusetts Humane Society; Fellow of the Royal Societies of London and Dublin; and of the Society of Arts in Great Britain; and Doctor of Laws in the Universities of Cambridge and Edinburgh.—[An account of his funeral solemnities shall appear in our next.]
VIRTUE alone boasts immortality! By death transplanted to congenial climes, It blooms eternal near the throne of GOD!— BOWDOIN is gone!—COLUMBIA feels the stroke Which took him hence:—When good men die, The sacred barrier round the public weal Sustains a breach Death may destroy his thousands in an hour, Nor make the slightest impress on creation:— Time rolls oblivious o'er the common wave, And makes the rippling sea soon smooth again; But Science, Virtue, Honor, Patriot-Worth, Remov'd to Heav'n, a chasm leave behind That Nature's age will prove too short to fill,

LORENZO.
A PASTORAL ELEGY.—From POEMS by JOHN RANNIE, lately published.
YE valleys to which I complain, Now trac'd with the tear-streaming eye, I know that my sorrows are vain, Yet love to indulge the fond sigh!
* My heart is in the coffin there, with Cæsar; And I must pause—till it come back again.—SHAKESPEAR.
An accurate STATEMENT OF TROOPS (continental and militia) furnished by the respective States, during the late war, from 1775, to 1783, inclusive.
Table with 4 columns: State, Contin. Troops, Militia Troops, Total Troops. Rows list states from New Hampshire to Georgia with corresponding troop counts for each category.
(From the Salem Gazette.)
A simple and easy method of manufacturing PEARL-ASHES by calcination.—This Pearl-ash is equal, if not superior, to that made in the common way, by leaching the ashes.
ERECT a pearling oven made in the common form, except with this difference—under the hearth of the oven there must be an arch longer than the hearth, so as to let the chimney extend up behind the oven, and must be wide enough to contain a small pot-ash kettle, or large iron pot, which must be about three quarters filled with water, then covered with a lid, or head, like a still, tight and secure, with an iron pipe fixed in the centre of the head, or cover, continuing thro the centre of the oven, and terminating within about two or three inches of the under side of the arch of the oven;
N. B. Leached ashes produce good pearled ashes, yielding amazingly, and work much easier than other ashes.
(From the Vermont Gazette.)
MASSACHUSETTS STATE LOTTERY.
THE Managers of the STATE LOTTERY, present the Public with the First Class of the Massachusetts semi-annual State Lottery, which will commence drawing in the Representatives' Chamber, in Boston, on the Seventeenth of March next, or sooner, if the Tickets shall be disposed of.
SCHEME.
NOT TWO BLANKS TO A PRIZE.
25,000 Tickets, at Five Dollars each, are 125,000 Dollars, to be paid in the following Prizes, subject to a deduction of twelve and an half per cent. for the use of the Commonwealth.
Table with 3 columns: Prizes, Dollars, and Number of Prizes. Lists various prize amounts (e.g., 10000, 3000, 2000) and their respective counts.
8388 Prizes. 16612 Blanks.
TICKETS may be had of the several Managers, who will pay the Prizes on demand—of the TREASURER of the Commonwealth—of JAMES WHITE, at his Book-Store, Franklin's-Head, Court-Street, and at other places as usual.
Managers: BENJAMIN AUSTIN, jun., DAVID COBB, SAMUEL COOPER, GEORGE R. MINOT, JOHN KNEELAND.
Boston, July 28, 1790.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT, October 14, 1790.
NOTICE is hereby given, That Proposals will be received at the Office of the Secretary of the Treasury, to the 30th day of November next, inclusive, for the supply of all Rations which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January to the thirty-first day of December 1791, both days inclusive, at Springfield, in the State of Massachusetts, and the Post of West-Point, in the State of New-York.
The Rations to be supplied, are to consist of the following Articles, viz. One pound of Bread or Flour, One pound of Beef, or 3/4 of a pound of Pork, Half a Jill of Rum, Brandy, or Whisky, One quart of Salt, Two quarts of Vinegar, Two pounds of Soap, One pound of Candles, } pr. 100 rations.
Separate Proposals may be made for each place, specifying the lowest price pr. ration.—No credit is required.
INTELLIGENCE-OFFICE, No. 208, in MARKET, above 6th STREET, South side.
WILL be negotiated all kinds of PAPER-MONEY and Public Securities,
BUSINESS transacted in public offices in the city, and such Paper-Money and Certificates furnished, as will make payment at the Land Office equal to Gold and Silver.
MONEY borrowed or loaned, and BILLS, BONDS, and NOTES of HAND discounted.
HOUSES, Farms, Lands, and Lots, bought and sold, let or leased, and Houses, Rooms, Boarding and Lodging procured for Strangers, or others.
BOOK-KEEPERS, Clerks, School-Masters, Waiters, Nurses, Seamstresses, Chamber and other Maids, and those of other professions, who come well recommended, may hear of employ; and Employers be supplied, by applying to
FRANCIS WHITE. Dealer in Paper Money, and Public Securities.
NOTICE is hereby given, that proposals will be received at the Office of the Secretary of the Treasury, until the 31st day of December next inclusive, for the building of a LIGHTHOUSE, nearly of the dimensions proposed by the late Commissioners of Virginia and Maryland, upon the lot of land on Cape Henry, in the County of Princess Ann, and State of Virginia, lately ceded for that purpose to the United States.
The foundation of the Light-House is to be of stone, and sunk to the depth of thirteen feet below the water table, over the top of which the pavement is to be laid. The diameter thereof is to be twenty seven feet six inches, with a vacancy of about nine feet in the centre.
The diameter of the base is to be twenty six feet, at which place the thickness of the walls is to be six feet. The height from the bottom of the water table to the top of the stone work is to be seventy two feet, where the diameter is to be sixteen feet six inches, and the thickness of the walls three feet. The form is to be an octagon, having three windows in the east, and four in the west. If it be built of brick, it is to be faced with the glassy kind, if of stone, it is to be faced with hewn or hammer-dressed stone.
On the top of the stone work is to be a floor of joists, bedded therein, planked over and covered with copper, extending about two feet eight inches beyond the wall, thereby forming an eve, which is to be finished with a cornice, the whole having a descent from the centre sufficient to throw off the water.
The lantern is to be supported by eight posts of wrought iron of three inches square and twenty feet in length, ten feet of which are to be wrought into the stone wall on the inner part at each corner. The diameter of it is to be ten feet, leaving a platform on the outside thereof of about six feet in width. All the work above this is to be of iron and copper. The lantern is to be ten feet high, having a semicircular roof of five feet more, with iron rafters covered with copper. The whole space between the posts supporting the lantern, is to be occupied by the ashes, which are to be made of iron, each ash is to have twenty-eight panes of glass, twelve by fourteen inches. One of the ashes on the fourth west side is to be hung with hinges for a door to go out upon the platform, from the outer part of which to the roof of the lantern is to be a frame of iron covered with a net work of strong brass wire, to preserve the glass from injuries by hail and flights of birds in the night.
The rafters of the lantern are to be well fastened to an iron hoop, over which is a copper funnel, through which the smoke may pass into a large copper ventilator in the form of a man's head, capable of containing one hundred gallons. This head is to be so placed as to be turned by a large vane on the spire above it, that the hole for venting the smoke may always be to the leeward. Eight dormant ventilators of six inches diameter are to be fixed in the roof of the lantern.
A close stove is to be provided and fixed in the lantern, which is to be furnished with eight lamps, each capable of containing six quarts, hung in two tiers over each other transversely. There are to be six flights of stairs to ascend to the lantern, the entrance to which is to be by a door covered with copper. The building is to be furnished with two conductors, to secure it from the effects of lightning.
A frame house is to be built for the keeper, twenty feet square, two stories high, with a frame kitchen; the whole to be finished with lath and plaster.
A vault for the storage and safe keeping of the oil is to be built of stone at a convenient distance, twelve feet wide, and twenty in length. It is to be arched, and covered with earth or food, over which a shed is to be built, and it is to be furnished with eight strong cedar cisterns with covers, each capable of containing two hundred gallons of oil. The entrance is to be secured by a strong door.
Good security for the faithful performance of the contract will be expected. Payments on account will be made at proper stages of the work, and the balance will be paid on its completion: or, if a suitable difference should be made in the terms, cash will be advanced for the purchase of materials and provisions.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Sept. 20, 1790.
IT is hereby made known, that the following arrangement has been adopted towards carrying into execution the Act, making provision for the debt of the United States, viz.
Loan-Office Certificates, and those issued by the Commissioners for the adjustment of accounts in the several States, will be receivable only at the Treasury and by the respective Commissioners of Loans within the States in which they were respectively issued. The Certificates issued by the Register of the Treasury, by the Pay Master General and Commissioner of Army Accounts, by the Commissioners for the adjustment of the Accounts of the Quarter Master's, Commissary's, Hospital, Cloathing, and Marine Departments, Indents of Interest, and Bills of Old Emission, will be receivable indiscriminately at the Treasury and by the Commissioners of all the States. The situation of the Checks has dictated this arrangement for the greater security of the public against impositions by forged or counterfeit paper, and which the said Indents have been adopted from the same consideration for the execution of the business are such, that it will give facility and dispatch, if applications from the Holders of Certificates of the Register of the Treasury and of the Paymaster General, and Commissioner of Army Accounts, and of the Commissioners of the five Departments above mentioned, are made in the first instance at the Treasury; and if applications from the Holders of Loan Office Certificates, and Certificates issued by the Commissioners for the adjustment of Accounts in the respective States, are made in like manner to the Commissioners of Loans within the States in which they were issued. Transfers can afterwards be made to any Office that the Proprietors of these Certificates may desire.
PURSUANT to a Resolve or act of Congress of the 10th day of May, 1780, relative to the destruction of Loan-Office Certificates by accident; notice is hereby given to all whom it may concern, that on the 2d day of January 1780, the house occupied by the subscriber in Market-Street, Philadelphia, took fire and was consumed, in which was lodged a number of Loan-Office certificates as pr. list below, all which were destroyed by the said fire: Therefore if any person, hath any objection why the said Certificates should not be renewed, agreeable to the resolves of Congress, they must make them before the expiration of three months, from the date hereof.
Invoice of Loan-Office Certificates destroyed in the house of John Holker on the 2d day of January 1780.
Table with 4 columns: 1778, No., Name, Dols. Lists certificates destroyed, including one for Samuel Cooke, jun. New-York, 600 Dols.
In testimony whereof I have signed the present for publication. New-York, July 26th, 1790. HOLKER.
SUBSCRIBERS in the City and State of New-York—and to the Eastward as far as Boston, will please to pay their arrearages to Mr. P. Wetmore, at the Post-Office, New-York—who will also receive subscriptions for the Gazette.