The New Hampshire gazette (Portsmouth [N.H.]), 1797-02-25 00:00:00

THE New Hampshire Gazette.
HERE TRUTH IS WELCOME—CANDOUR GUIDES THE WAY.
PORTSMOUTH: (NEW-HAMPSHIRE)—PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY MORNING BY JOHN MELCHER, PRINTER TO THE STATE, AT HIS OFFICE CORNER OF MARKET STREET, WHERE SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR THIS PAPER, ADVERTISEMENTS, AND ARTICLES OF INTELLIGENCE ARE THANKFULLY RECEIVED.
Vol. XLI.—Numb. 2100.]
SATURDAY, February 25, 1797.
[9s. pr. Annum.
DOCUMENTS
Which accompanied the message of the President of the United States to both houses of Congress, Jan. 19, 1797.
Letter to Mr. Pinckney, Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to the French Republic. Department of State, Jan. 16, '97.
(Continued.)
THE same reasoning will apply to captures made by illegal privateers; that is by such as were armed and equipped in the ports of the United States: for it being by the law of nations the right of our government, and as a neutral power, its duty to prevent such armaments, it must also be its right and duty by all means in its power, to restrain the acts of such armaments done in violation of its rights and in defiance of its authority. And such were the armaments made by French people in the ports of the United States. And the most effectual means of defeating their unlawful practices was the seizing of their prizes when brought within our jurisdiction. It is very possible, indeed, that in some cases the irritated subjects or public agents of nations whose property was taken by French privateers might commence vexatious prosecutions: but this is no more than happens frequently among our own citizens; and in every nation in the world; and the only restraints on the vindictive passions of men, in such cases, which the policy of free governments has imposed, are the damages which the courts compel the malicious prosecutor to pay to the injured party. If, as Mr. Ader asserts, damages have in two cases only been granted by the courts to French privateers, even when the decisions have been in their favor, it has arisen from their own conduct, or the omission of their counsel; or from accidental circumstances, which, in the opinion of the courts, furnished reasonable presumptions against them of having violated the laws, either by illegally arming in our ports or making the captures within our jurisdiction. If, on the other hand, they have, in the event of contrary decisions, been always condemned to pay damages, we may venture to say it was because they were always in the wrong. For no one will find sufficient ground to impeach the discernment or integrity of our courts.
6th. "It suffered England, by insulting its neutrality to interrupt its commerce with France." That our commerce has been interrupted by the armed vessels of England, and sometimes with circumstances of insult, we certainly shall not attempt to deny: the universal resentment and indignation excited by those injuries were admissions of the fact; but that the government has authorized at the practice (for that Mr. Ader must have intended to insinuate by the word "suffered") all its acts most forcibly contradicts. It was because of those aggressions that preparations for war were commenced; and to demand satisfaction for them was the leading object of Mr. Jay's mission to London. Satisfaction was demanded; and the arrangements agreed on for rendering it, are now in execution at London. But if by "suffered" Mr. Ader means that we did not arm, that is, make war on England, to obtain the indemnification, when humanity, reason and the law of nations prescribe the mode of previous peaceable demand—to these very principles we may appeal for our justification; and if it is necessary to go further we say, That as an independent nation, we must be left to determine in what manner we can most beneficially obviate an evil, and when it is most proper for us to repel an injury. To deny us this right of judgment, is to deny our independence.—We have not been insensible either to our honor or our interest. If we have manifested much long-suffering, we have not been singular. Neutral nations very commonly endure many temporary evils; because these appear light when compared with the calamities of war; and they look forward, as we have done, to a period when returning justice may redress their wrongs. This period we trust will arrive in regard to those we are now suffering from the French Republic. If a nation not bound to us by treaty, and between whom and ourselves actual circumstances and many recollections tended to excite peculiar passions, engaged to render us justice, shall we expect less of an avowed friend?
We may here properly inquire, what could have been the understanding of the parties on this point when the treaty of 1778 was made between France and the United States. She knew that notwithstanding the extent of our country and its rapid increase in population, many years must elapse before we could form a powerful navy to protect our commerce. She knew the conduct of maritime powers in all their wars; particularly she was acquainted with the maxims and measures of England, towards the commerce of neutral nations, in all her wars with France,
And if knowing these things, France then expected that in all subsequent wars we should compel the maritime powers in general and G. Britain in particular to admit our commerce to perfect freedom, then instead of a treaty of commerce containing regulations for conducting it, when France should be at war, she would have demanded from us a stipulation, that in every future war in which she should be engaged with any other maritime power; we also should engage in it as her ally. But this is a condition which France was too just to demand, and to which the United States would never have agreed.
7. "Notwithstanding the faith of treaties, it gave an asylum to these same English, who after having insulted her flag, pillaged her citizens, came also to brave the American people in their ports, and to take a station whence to cruise, on a favorable opportunity, against the French."
This like most of Mr. Ader's charges, is but the renewal of the complaints of his predecessor, Mr. Fauchet, and the vindication of the government will appear in the answers and communications from the Secretary of State to that minister, in the years 1794 and 1795. The cases particularly noticed were those of the British frigates Terpsichore and her prize la Montagne; and of the British ship Argonaut and her prize l'Esperance. The Theis and Hussar British frigates with their French prizes la Prevoyance and la Raisin are also mentioned, but without any facts or circumstances as subjects of inquiry, which of course is precluded. That of the Terpsichore and her prize appears to have been the first case of the kind in which the Executive of the United States and those of the particular states were called to interfere; and therefore, it will not be thought extraordinary if the Executive of Virginia was unprepared with arrangements to give instant effect to the stipulation of the 17th article of the treaty of 1778, forbidding an asylum to the armed vessels of the enemies of France and their prizes. What delay took place seems to have been the result of accident; certainly not of design. And by letters from this department the Executives were earnestly pressed to take the necessary order for a prompt execution, in future, of this part of the treaty. But why should the French ministers complain with such energy, that a British ship of war, with her prize, remained in one of our ports during perhaps twenty or five and twenty days; when against the earnest requests and orders of the Executive, the French privateers, armed in our ports in violation of the laws, long continued to keep on our coast and enter our harbors, thence on favorable opportunities, to cruise against their enemies? The Columbia or Carmagnole, continued such her unlawful acts for more than a year.
After all the zealous remonstrances of Mr. Fauchet, now renewed by Mr. Ader, about the capture of the French corvette l'Esperance, by the British ship Argonaut, who went with her prize into Lynn Haven Bay, what were the facts? The Governor of Virginia went personally to the French Consul at Norfolk for information concerning this declared violation of the treaty—but "received none which appeared to justify the uneasiness occasioned by that event, he charged no circumstance as improper in the captors; but rather seemed to consider the introduction of the prisoners made on that occasion, so soon into a place where the exchange would be effected, as an alleviation of the misfortune of losing the vessel." The Capt. of the French corvette himself was desired to give evidence in the case; he promised but failed to appear. He was called upon a second time to give information, but discovered an unwillingness to do it, observing that he had given the Consul a circumstantial account of the transaction on his arrival.—The governor having heard that a respectable pilot by the name of Butler was acquainted with the circumstances of this affair, he directed his deposition to be taken: it was taken and imported that Admiral Murray himself purchased the prize l'Esperance, and manned and fitted her in Lynn Haven Bay for a cruise. But Butler's deposition was afterwards taken on the part of the British, in which he contradicted all the material facts recited in the former deposition; for which he accounted by saying that he could neither write nor read, and that there had been interest in his first deposition what he had never said. Under these circumstances it was desirable to obtain further information. This was furnished by the British minister in the extract of a letter, from Admiral Murray, which bears every mark of candor and humanity, and of respect for the United States. It is as follows: "The French sloop of war l'Esperance, was brought into Lynn Haven Bay on the 11th January (a few days after my arrival there) by Capt. Ball, who had captured her 15 leagues from the shore, the weather being very tempestuous, a lieutenant with a sufficient number of men, only to navigate her (not being half the complement the French had in her)
were sent on board from the Resolution and Argonaut; and so soon as the weather permitted those ships to supply her with water and provisions. I sent her to sea, that I might give no umbrage to the American States. An additional reason for bringing l'Esperance into Lynn Haven Bay was out of humanity to the French prisoners, whom, having had a long voyage, I sent to Norfolk as soon as prudence would permit; otherwise they must have been kept prisoners on board the whole winter, and sent to Halifax in the spring; nor was she equipped or armed then in any manner whatever; nor did the lieutenant receive any commission for her whilst in Lynn Haven Bay; and when at sea only an acting order to command her, which is customary and absolutely necessary in all captures; otherwise if retaken by the enemy, he might be considered as a pirate."
8. "It might be said that it applauded their [the English] audacity; all submission to their will, it allowed the French colonies to be declared in a state of blockade, and its citizens interdicted the right of trading to them."
If among the multitude of such complaints as Mr. Ader has exhibited any one could excite surprise, this charge is calculated to produce it. Here a formal charge is made against the government of the United States that it did not control in another independent nation the right of judging of its own affairs—that it did not forbid and effectually prevent the officers of a foreign power, the British admirals and commanders, in the West-Indies, declaring certain French colonies to be in a state of blockade!—But the official legalization of a proclamation had been posted up under our eyes, prohibiting our commerce with the French colonies, and suspending to us alone the law of nations! The answer to Mr. Fauchet from the Secretary of State, represents this matter differently. The British Consul General at Philadelphia, by a publication on the 10th of April, 1795, gave notice that he had received official communications that the islands of Guadeloupe, Martinique and Delirade were by proclamation issued by his Britannic Majesty's General and Vice Admiral commanding in the West-Indies, declared to be in an actual state of blockade; and that neutral (not singly American) vessels, were thereby prohibited from attempting to enter any ports or places in those islands with supplies of any kind, under the penalty of being "dealt with conformably to existing treaties, and as warranted by the established laws of nations." And while existing treaties (our treaty with Great Britain had no operative existence till six months after the Consul's advertisement) and the laws of nations were avowed to be the rules by which the property of neutrals was in this case to be adjudged, had they reason to complain? If any neutral vessel attempted to enter any of those ports which were not in reality in a state of blockade, and yet were captured, could they be condemned? Certainly not by the rules which the British preferred to themselves, "treaties and the laws of nations." But if the British commanders proclaimed untruths, and issued arbitrary orders for capturing neutral vessels; and their cruisers and courts of admiralty executed them arbitrarily; could the American government prevent them? We could demand of the British government satisfaction for injuries to our own citizens consequent to such orders; and if any such were sustained, the arrangements for making reparation are now in execution. But admitting that any ports in the French colonies were in fact blockaded; who should notify it to neutral nations accustomed to trade with those ports? Certainly the officers of that power whose fleets and armies formed the blockade; and in the United States no mode of giving universal notice could be so effectual as a publication in handbills and newspapers.
9th. "It eluded all the advances made by the Republic for renewing the treaties of commerce upon a more favorable footing to both nations; it excused itself on the most frivolous pretexts; whilst it anticipated Great Britain, by soliciting a treaty in which prostituting its neutrality, it sacrificed France to her enemies; or rather looking upon her as obliterated from the map of the world, it forgot the services she had rendered it, and threw aside the duty of gratitude, as if ingratitude were a governmental duty." Of the advances referred to, the first were made by Mr. Genet, These you will see in the printed correspondence between him and Mr. Jefferson. Mr. Genet's letter is dated the 23d of May, 1793, in which he informed the government that he was authorized to propose a treaty on a (9) "liberal and fraternal basis." Mr. Jefferson's letter to Mr. Morris our minister at Paris, dated the 23d of August, 1793, assigns the reason for postponing the negotiation. (10) "The senate (says he) being then in recess, and not to meet again till the fall, I apprised Mr. Genet that the participation in matters of treaty, given by the Constitution to that branch of the government, would of course delay any definitive answer to his
friendly proposition. As he was sensible of this circumstance, the matter has been understood to lie over 'till the meeting of the Senate." Congress were not to meet until December; consequently there was no necessity for precipitating the business. But with the best dispositions to form new commercial arrangements mutually more beneficial than those of the treaty of 1778, the unwarrantable conduct of Mr. Genet, from the moment he landed at Charleston until the date of his letter on the subject of the negotiation, was sufficient to excite caution in the American government.
He had there violated the sovereignty of the United States, "By authorizing the fitting and arming of vessels in that port, enlisting men, citizens and foreigners, and giving them commissions to cruise and commit hostilities on nations at peace with us (11)," and with whom we had extensive commercial connections. "These privateers were taking and bringing prizes into our ports, and the Consuls of France were assuming to hold Courts of admiralty on them to try, condemn and authorize their sale as legal prize." Nevertheless the government really desirous of forming a new and more advantageous commercial treaty with France, instructed the Minister of the United States at Paris to manifest the same to the Executive of France (12) and to suggest for this purpose that the powers of Mr. Genet be renewed to his successor. It is true that in his letter dated the 30th of September, Mr. Genet had renewed the proposition of negotiating a commercial treaty: But how was it possible for the government to undertake a negotiation with that Minister after "The correspondence which had taken place between the Executive and him" (a correspondence on his part replete with insults) "and the facts which he had thought proper to do and to countenance in opposition to the laws of the land?" After the Government had instructed our Minister at Paris to desire Mr. Genet's recall; and to declare to the government of France "The necessity of their having a Representative here disposed to respect the laws and authority of the Country, and to do the best for their interest which these would permit:" "and when it was only an anxious regard for those interests, and a desire that they might not suffer, which induced the Executive in the mean time to receive his communications in writing, and to admit the continuance of his functions so long as they should be restrained within the limits of the law, as therefore announced to him, or should be of the tenor usually observed towards independent nations by the representative of a friendly power residing with them?" Under such circumstances, what answer could the executive return to Mr. Genet more proper, and more marked with attention to France, than that his letter would be considered with all the respect and interest which its object necessarily required?
It is probable that the powers to negotiate a commercial treaty were not renewed to Mr. Genet's successor; certainly they were not communicated to our government.
We now come to the fresh overtures of a commercial negotiation made by Mr. Ader. The first notices of them are found in memoranda of facts dated the 27th and 29th of June 1795, and subscribed by the Secretary of State. By these it appears that, on the 19th of June Mr. Ader arrived at Philadelphia. On the 15th Mr. Fauchet introduced him to the Secretary of State;—on the 16th Mr. Ader informed the Secretary that he should the next day send him some act of the French Government, relative to Commerce; but it was not sent. On the 22d of June Mr. Ader was reminded of the promised communication. He said it was copying, and gave reason to suppose that he should forward it on that day: but on that day nothing was received.
On the 29th of June, 1795, Mr. Ader had an interview with the Secretary of State: He observed that he brought with him the commercial decrees which Mr. Genet had formerly propounded to our government, and was instructed to negotiate a treaty of commerce upon their basis. He was asked whether he had any documents to communicate. He replied that he would send them that day. He said he had to communicate some inquiries respecting the late treaty between the United States and Great Britain. He observed that it was understood, that the United States had disabled themselves from entering into a new commercial treaty upon a liberal scale with France. The Secretary answered that he had determined before he came, to ask the permission of the President to communicate to him a copy of the treaty; and then he might say in what part he supposed that any impropriety with respect to France existed. The President having afterwards assented, the Secretary on the same day delivered to Mr. Ader a printed copy of the treaty on which he promised to communicate his remarks.
These remarks dated June 30th, and the Secretary's answer dated July 6th refusing the objections they contained, I have already noticed—The subsequent proceed-
ings will show either that those objections did not make any strong impressions on Mr. Ader's mind, or that the Secretary's answer had removed them.
On the 30th June, 1795, Mr. Ader communicated a part of his instructions relative to "a new commercial treaty and a new consular Convention to be entered into between France and the United States." The instructions imported that he was only to "prepare with the American government the means and arrangements" of these treaties, and then to communicate them to the Committee of Public Safety. The object of the new treaty was declared to be "To found the commercial relations of the two Republics upon stipulations more reciprocally advantageous and more clearly worded than that of 1778, and the object of the Consular Convention to secure the execution of the Commercial treaty."
The Secretary of State answered on the 1st of July, expressing the readiness of the government to open the proposed negotiation; and requested a communication of the dates of the decrees to which Mr. Ader's instruction referred.
On the 8th of July, 1795, Mr. Ader replied to the Secretary of State "That he neither knew or possessed any other decree relative to the new negotiation to be opened between France and the United States than that of the (13) 5th of February 1793, communicated to us by citizen Genet." This letter of the 8th was received the 12th accompanied by a note of the latter date apologizing for the delay on account of sickness. On the 12th the Secretary of State had written to him, pressing him on the subject of the new negotiation.
On the 16th of July, 1795, the Secretary of State again wrote to Mr. Ader; and after informing him that as he was not clothed with any very formal authority upon this subject, the President of the United States had thought proper to place him (the Secretary of State) upon the same and no other footing. The Secretary proposed that the negotiation should be conducted in writing, unless when either the one or the other should think it expedient to have an interview on any particular difficulty. And then assuring Mr. Ader that no unnecessary procrastination should be found in the Secretary of State, further proposed, that Mr. Ader should take 1st the parts of the treaty which he wished to be abolished: 2d, those parts which he wished to be corrected: and 3d, any additions which seemed to him desirable: But expressed the readiness of the Secretary to adopt any other better mode of conducting the negotiation, if such occurred to Mr. Ader.
On the 20th of July, 1795, Mr. Ader mentioning his sickness which for fifteen days had obliged him to abstain from business, replied on the subject of the negotiation in these words, "In a few days I shall have the honor of seeing you, and of taking the necessary measures in order to commence the business relative to the dispensing of the new treaty and new Consular Convention."
From this detail, it must I conceive be no easy task to find any facts by which Mr. Ader's charge can be supported. What he affects to call "frivolous pretexts" are substantial reasons; and in respect to his own advances to treat, the conduct of our government manifests an eagerness to enter on the negotiation: certainly you will discover in it no disposition to elude or to procrastinate.
You will be pleased to observe, Sir, that the letter from the Secretary of State to Mr. Ader, explaining the manner in which they should proceed in the negotiation is dated the 16th of July and that Mr. Ader's answer agreeing shortly to meet the Secretary in order to take the necessary measures for commencing the business is dated the 20th of July; yet in his note of November 15th, 1796, after having charged the government of the United States "With eluding all advances made by the Republic for renewing the treaties of commerce and excusing itself on the most frivolous pretexts," after acknowledging that the President had authorized the Secretary of State to negotiate, and that the latter had explained the manner of proceeding, he asks "But at what time? When the ratification of the treaty concluded between lord Grenville and Mr. Jay no longer permitted the undersigned to pursue that negotiation." I am sorry Sir, in this place to call your attention to dates. The British treaty was not ratified until the 14th of August, 1795, that is about a month after the plan of negotiating with Mr. Ader had been proposed to him by the Secretary of State, and twenty-five days after he had agreed to proceed in it. And if that ratification finally induced him to abandon the idea of negotiating a new treaty between France and the United States, it did not instantly produce this determination. He doubtless perceived that his own objections to the British treaty were obviated by the answer from the Secretary of State, and when he acknowledged the receipt of it, he had given up the right of judging of the treaty whether it was good or bad. I shall (says he, in his letter of July 20th, 1795) "trans-

Latest Foreign.
PARIS, Nov. 4.
The negotiations with the English government seem to take rather a more favorable turn to day. The directory have acknowledged the principle of compensation; besides, their last reply does not bear those marks of harshness and severity which characterized their former notes. The opinion of the public was decidedly pronounced against the rude forms they had adopted in their negotiations; and our negotiator has therefore deemed it prudent to change those forms.
December 5.
Gen. Vaubois has been suspended by Buonaparte. He did not execute his orders, and this caused part of his plan to fail.
The Russian forces under General Subow, according to letters from Portland, have been defeated in an engagement with the Persians. The former were compelled to retreat with the loss of 10,000 men.
Gen. Pichegru is at length going as Ambassador to Sweden, to compliment the new king on this occasion.
If we are to trust to the letters from Italy, Mantua must be at this moment in the hands of the French.
Army of Italy.
Letter from Gen. Berthier, chief of the staff major of Italy, to Gen. Barroquey, D. Hillier.
Head quarters at Milan, 8 Frimaire, Nov. 28, 5th year.
I informed you, general, by the last bulletin which I sent you; that, after having beaten the troops commanded by general Alvinzi in person, at Arcola, the commander in chief made his dispositions to attack the column commanded by General Davidovich, who had brought his advanced post as far as Castelnuovo.
On the 1st Frimaire, the commander in chief gave orders to attack the enemy, who, repulsed from position to position, effected his retreat with precipitation. His rear guard was very ill-treated, and partly cut off upon the heights of Revoli, of which we remain masters.
Different detached corps pursued him all night above the Corona, and along the Adige. We have made in the day 1100 prisoners, among whom is Col. Count Lherbach, and taken 4 pieces of cannon and 7 caisson.
(Signed) "BERTHIER."
Buonaparte, commanding the army of Italy, to Citizen Carnot, Member of the Executive Directory.
Head Quarters at Verona, Brumaire, 29, Nov. 19, 5th year.
The destinies of Italy begin to brighten; yet one victory to morrow, of which I have little doubt, and I hope before ten days are past, to write to you from head quarters at Mantua. Never was a field of battle so much disputed as that of Arcola; I have scarcely any more Generals; their devotedness and courage are without example. The Gen. of Brigade, Lasne, came to the field of battle before he was cured of the wound which he received at Governolo. He was wounded twice early in the battle; at three in the afternoon, he was stretched upon his bed, and suffering; when he learned that I was myself at the head of the column, he threw himself from his bed, mounted on horseback, and came to find me. Being obliged to remain on horseback, he received, at the head of the bridge of Arcola, a blow which laid him senseless. I assure you, that all this was necessary to our conquering; the enemy were numerous, and exasperated, the Generals at their head, of whom we killed several.
(Signed)
"BUONAPARTE."
BOSTON, Feb. 18.
Domestic.
The Philadelphia papers contain lengthy accounts of the cordial reception of our brethren from Algiers, 50 in number; with official dispatches from Mr. Barlow, whose exertions in their emancipation is warmly acknowledged by them. The intire sum paid, amounts to 642,000 dollars. Subscriptions are raising for their immediate relief. The declaration of the votes of President and Vice-President, as noticed in our last, was made before a vast concourse of citizens. The votes were as before stated, Mr. Adams 71, Mr. Jefferson 68, Mr. Pinkney 58. Mr. A. has signified his acceptance, and will take the inauguration oaths the 4th March. The exports of last year amounted to 67,064,997 dollars—a seventh part from Massachusetts.
mit it (the Secretary's answer) the French Government together with my observations and the treaty. In such important circumstances, it is exclusively the province of my Government to judge; and I cannot permit myself to decide at all." And then immediately adds—"In a few days I shall have the honor of seeing you, and of taking the necessary measures in order to commence the business relative to the digesting of the new treaty and new Consular Convention." The British treaty then did not obstruct the negotiation, the principles of which might have been agreed on, and the articles drawn into form to be submitted to the respective Governments: for that was all the respective negotiators were authorized to do.
Will the ministers of the French Republic never cease to reproach us with "ingratitude"? If indeed, "France wrought," as well as "guaranteed," the independence of the United States," as Mr. Adet asserts, "at a time when she might as the price of that very independence have granted them less liberal conditions," our obligations are greater than we have hitherto imagined. But it is time that these claims to our gratitude were investigated, and their extent ascertained. We have citizens yet alive who were actors and witnesses of the declaration of our independence, and of the efforts to maintain it, with their effects, prior to our treaty with France. But laying no stress on our recollections or consciousness, we will resort to the testimony of France herself.
France, by her Minister the Marquis de Noailles, having in the declaration of the 13th of March 1778 which I have already quoted, announced to the court of London the treaty of friendship and commerce she had formed with the United States; and that to maintain the commerce of his subjects with them, which was the object of that treaty, his most Christian Majesty had "taken eventual measures in concert with the United States of North America;" that Court published a justificative memorial to vindicate to the world the war she had determined to wage against France. In the observations of the court of France on this British memorial, we find the following declarations on the part of France: (21)
"While the Ambassador of England put the King's patience to the strongest proofs, and while the Court of London was constantly repeating denials of justice to his Majesty's subjects, at the same time that the British officers continued to desolate them on the sea, an event came to pass in America which essentially changed the face of things in that quarter of the world. This event was the defeat of the army under general Burgoyne. The news of this unexpected disaster which arrived in Europe in Nov. 1777, astonished the British ministers, and must have the more sensibly affected them, as it overthrew the plan they had laid for the reduction of the Colonies." The observations then suggest that this great event induced, in the British Cabinet the idea of conciliation with America, and of a coalition against the Crown of France, in revenge for the supposed aid rendered by her, to the United States; and to gratify "their most dear and constant will, that of humbling France." (22) It was natural for the British ministry, unable to judge her colonies to seek to be reconciled to them, and to engage them to espouse her resentment. They might so much the more flatter themselves that they should succeed herein, as the proceedings of France with regard to American privateers and especially the dislike the King had at all times manifested to any engagement with the Congress, must have given disgust and dissatisfaction to their deputies, and induce them, notwithstanding their well known aversion, to seek even in England, the safety of their country when they failed to find it in France."
(23) "The King, well informed of the plan of the Court of London, and of the preparations which were the consequence of it, perceived that no more time was to be lost, if he would prevent the designs of his enemies. His Majesty determined, therefore, to take into consideration, at length, the overtures of the Congress."
(24) "The Commissioners [from the U. States] proposed to the King a Treaty of Amity and Commerce, and an alliance offensive and defensive, by which his Majesty should engage not only to acknowledge simply and purely the Independence of the United States, but also to guarantee and defend it by force of arms. The King ordered an answer to be given that he could indeed look upon the independence of the United States as existing; but that it did not belong to him to acknowledge it, because he had not any right to judge of it; neither could he guarantee it as he did not intend to enter into a war for its support. His Majesty in consequence refused an offensive alliance, and confined himself to the Treaty of Amity and Commerce. But as it was more than probable that the Court of London had formed a design of attacking France, His Majesty thought he ought to enter into an alliance, with the United States eventual and purely defensive. The stipulations contained in this second Treaty are in substance, that if France should be attacked by the Court of London, before the cessation of hostilities between that Court and its colonies, then the King and the United States should mutually assist each other against the common enemy; that the King should guarantee the Independence and sovereignty of the United States, and that he should not lay down his arms till it should be acknowledged by Great Britain."
Thus it is manifest that the United States were to be left still to fight their own battles unless Great Britain should choose to increase the number of her enemies by attacking France, in which case it would be as truly the interest of France as of the United States to make a common cause.
(25) "This last treaty remained secret, be-
cause it was not in force at the time of concluding it: but that of commerce was notified at the Court of London, March 19th, 1778." The first words of the notification are these "The United States of North America, who are in full possession of Independence," &c. The whole paragraph has been already quoted. The notification further expressed, "that the King being determined to protect effectually the lawful commerce of his subjects, and to maintain the dignity of his flag, his majesty has, in consequence, taken eventual measures, in concert with the United States of North America."
The Court of London chose to consider this notification as a declaration of war, of which they accuse the King as being the author, and represent him as the violator of laws divine and human, &c. &c. The act, however, which has drawn upon the king such odious imputations has for its foundation two inconceivable truths; the first that at the period of the 6th February, 1778, the Americans had the public possession of their independence; the second, that the king had the right to look upon this independence as existing without being obliged to examine the legality of it, and that no law forbade him to form connections with the Americans."
The observations then reciting that the fruitless attempts of the colonies to obtain redress from their mother country, in the mode of supplication had induced them to league together to maintain their privileges (word in hand; and soon after to publish the solemn act whereby they declared themselves independent, say [26] "This act which is of the 4th July, 1776, induced the court of London to give way to her resentment; she displayed her power to chastise the Americans, and to reduce them by conquest. But what has been the fruit of their efforts? Have they not served to demonstrate to America, to all Europe, and to the court of London herself, her importance and the impossibility of her ever hereafter bringing the Americans again under her yoke!" That she had given this demonstration to America, is evident by the manner in which Congress received the conciliatory bills hastily sent from the court of London to America, and communicated by Lord & Gen. Howe. Congress were then uninformed of the treaties which their commissioners had lately concluded at Paris. Yet confident in the strength and spirit of their country, and of the inability of Britain to subdue it, they refused [27] unanimously to reject these overtures for peace and conciliation, and to hold no conference or treaty with any commissioners on the part of Great Britain unless as a preliminary, they withdrew their fleets and armies, or in positive terms acknowledged the independence of these states.
Again—[28] "It is sufficient for the justification of his majesty, that the colonies, which form a nation considerable as well for the number of their inhabitants as for the extent of their dominion, have established their independence, not only by a solemn declaration, but also in fact; and that they have supported it against the efforts of their mother country. Such was in effect, the situation of the United States when the King began to negotiate with them. His majesty had full liberty of considering them as independent, or as the subject of Britain. He chose the first part, because his safety, the interests of his people, invariable policy, and above all the secret projects of the court of London, imperiously laid him under the necessity." The secret projects here referred to were those of reconciliation on terms which might satisfy the United States and produce a reunion and coalition for the purpose of falling upon France. To avoid the risk of this combined attack, to avoid greater danger in future by preventing the possibility of uniting again the great portions of the British Empire separated in fact and thus essentially to diminish its power were the avowed inducements with the Court of France to consider the United States as Independent.
Having stated these things, they (29) ask if there is a sovereign who in the same situation with his majesty, would not have imitated his example."
Again—[30] "He (the king of France) had the right to consider independent the confederate inhabitants of this immense continent, who presented themselves to him with this character, especially after their antient sovereign had demonstrated, by efforts as continual as painful, the impossibility of bringing them back to obedience."
(31) To complete the justification of his majesty, nothing remains but to examine, whether what are called reasons of state, could have determined his majesty to connect himself with the Americans. To treat this question with all the clearness of which it is susceptible, the political interest of France must be viewed under two different relations; the first respects the other powers of Europe; the second respects Great Britain."
"In treating with the Americans, after they became independent, the king exercised the right inherent in his sovereignty, WITH NO OTHER VIEW than to put an end to the predominant power, which England abused in every quarter of the globe." The observations then suggest that by this conduct the king has essentially watched over the interest of all the sovereigns of Europe, "by contributing to restrain a power which has always carried to excess the abuse of her resources (32)."
The court of London having charged the king of France with ambition, and the project of demolishing the power of England, by his engagements with the Americans, the observations declare "(33) Nothing more will be discovered in them [his engagements with the United States] on the most accurate scrutiny, than a diminution of this power, a diminution which England has herself provoked, by a conduct the most unjust and most irregular,
and which the tranquility and happiness of Europe have for a long time required."
"(34) The most vigilant and consummate prudence could not devile adequate precautions against the enterprises of such a power; so that the only means of being secured from it, was to seize the opportunity of diminishing it."
"(35) It may then be truly said, that on examination of the conduct of the king—it was not only just and lawful but even necessary as well for the individual interest of France, as for that of all Europe."
I will trouble you with but one more extract from the justificatory observations of the court of France.
"(36) To deceive the other nations with regard to the real motives which have directed the conduct of the king, the British ministry maintain that he entered into treaty with the Americans, not because he feared the secret views of Great-Britain, but because he fore saw that the Americans defeated, discouraged, without support, and without resources, were about to return to their mother country; and that there was not a moment to be lost in reanimating and confirming them in their opposition. It was without doubt, for the sake of this assertion, that the British ministry have thought it beneath the dignity of their sovereign to search for the period at which France formed connections with the United States; it might with greater truth be said that this research did not coincide with their plan of defense. The king is willing to spare the British ministry a task so disagreeable and embarrassing, by observing for them, that the conversations which led to the treaties of the 6th of February 1778, were considerably posterior to the capitulation of Gen. Burgoyne. Now it is notorious that this event elevated the courage and the hopes of the Americans, as much as it dejected the British nation and principally the court of London. If then the king has listened to the propositions of Congress, after this period, so disastrous to the British, it has not been and could not have been for any other reason, but because he thought with the United States, that their independence was thenceforward irrecoverable."
In these extracts from the observations of the Court of France, we see an open avowal of her motives for entering into treaties with the United States during our revolution, but do such motives afford any strong claims to our gratitude? She rejoiced at the prospect of a final separation of the thirteen colonies from Great Britain: She saw them erected by their solemn declaration into independent States: but during near three years of our contest she continued waiting for some fortunate event that should ensure stability and ultimate success to our enterprise. This event took place in the capture of a whole British Army. "Then the king listened to the propositions of Congress, because he thought with the United States that their Independence was irrecoverable." He then treated with the Americans "With no other view than to put an end to the predominant power which England exercised in every quarter of the Globe. A diminution of this power, (says the King) the tranquility and happiness of Europe have for a long time required: The only means of being secured from it, was to seize the opportunity of diminishing it: and he did seize it," because "HIS SAFETY, THE INTEREST OF HIS PEOPLE, invariable policy, and above all the secret projects of the Court of London imperiously laid him under the necessity."
After these repeated declarations on the part of France that her only view in contracting engagements with the United States was to diminish the British power, and thereby promote the safety and interest of her own people and the tranquility of Europe—very unexpected indeed are the modern claims of boundless and perpetual gratitude! Nevertheless animated as we always have been with sincere desires to maintain those useful and friendly connections with France which had their foundation in our revolution, we should have remained silent on those claims, had not the frequency and manner in which they have been urged compelled their discussion. We are not now disposed to question the importance of the aid we actually derived from France in the war of our revolution: nor to retract the grateful acknowledgments that all America has from that time offered to that nation: we were in the habit of expressing our gratitude to her for the benefits which we received although they resulted from her exertions to advance her own interest and secure her own safety. But if those benefits had been rendered from pure benevolence, from disinterested good will to us and we had been remiss in acknowledging them, it is the part of generosity, of magnanimity, constantly to upbraid the receivers of their favors with ingratitude? Do not such reproaches cancel the obligations? But if for favors apparently generous substantial returns are demanded, the supposed liberal act degenerates, and becomes a mercenary bargain.
If such only are the motives for our gratitude towards France at the commencement of her political and commercial connections with us in the midst of our war with Great Britain, what more can we discover at the conclusion of that war? Let us examine.
In 1781, with the assistance of a French army by land and a powerful fleet by sea, a second British army was captured.
This event made even the British Government despair of bringing the United States again under her subjection. The ministry was changed: and the parliament passed an act to authorize the King to make peace. In the summer of 1782 an agent on the part of Great Britain repaired to Paris to negotiate with the commissioners of the United States. For some time Dr. Franklin and Mr. Jay were alone at Paris. The commission to Mr. Oswald (the British negotiator) authorized him to treat and conclude a peace or truce with any commissioner or commissioners named or to be na-
med by the colonies or Plantations of New-Hampshire, &c. (naming the thirteen) or with any of them separately, with parts of them, or with any persons whatsoever. Mr. Jay was not satisfied with this commission to Mr. Oswald: The Independence of the thirteen States was no where intimated. Agreeable to their instructions from Congress to take advice of the Court of France the Commissioners communicated Mr. Oswald's commission to the Prime Minister, the Count de Vergennes. The Count expressed his opinion that the commission was sufficient; that it was such an one as we might have expected it would be: "That an acknowledgment of our Independence, instead of preceding, must in the natural course of things be the effect of the Treaty." This opinion the Count continued from time to time to repeat. In short "It was evident the "count did not wish to see our Independence acknowledged by Britain until they had made all their uses of us." Mr. Jay still continued unmoved. He conferred with Mr. Oswald, and urged in the strongest terms, the great impropriety, and consequently the utter impossibility of our ever treating with Great Britain on any other than an equal footing; and told him plainly that he (Mr. Jay) would have no concern in any negotiation in which we were not considered as an independent people."
It was on this occasion that Mr. Oswald communicated to Mr. Jay this article of his instructions:—"In case you find the American Commissioners are not at liberty to treat on any terms short of Independence, you are to declare to them, that you have our authority, to make that cession; our ardent wish for peace disposing us to purchase it at the price of according to the complete Independence of the thirteen colonies."
The British Ministry approved of the communication; but still were for treating with us as Colonies, and making an acknowledgment of our Independence only an article of the Treaty. Mr. Jay's discernment discovered the source of the backwardness, at this time, in the British Court to admit our Independence previous to the negotiating of the Treaty; and mentioned it with his reasons to Mr. Oswald; who far from contradicting Mr. Jay's inference, told him a fact which confirmed his opinion that it originated in the Court of France, and was communicated to that of London by the British Commissioner then in Paris to treat of peace between France and Great-Britain. Mr. Jay then explained to Mr. Oswald what he supposed to be the natural policy of the French Court, and shewed him "That it was the interest of Britain to render us as independent on France, as we were resolved to be on Britain." Mr. Oswald was convinced. Mr. Jay reminded him of the several resolutions of Congress passed at different periods not to treat with British Commissioners on any other footing than that of absolute independence; and proposed to give to him in writing what he had before expressed in conversation—his determination not to treat but on the footing of equality. Mr. Oswald preferred having it in writing. Mr. Jay prepared the draught of a letter to be signed by him and Doctor Franklin, expressing their determination to treat, but on terms of equality, as an independent nation; and exhibiting the reasons of this determination. Doctor Franklin thought the letter "rather too positive, and therefore, rather imprudent; for that in case Britain should remain firm, and future circumstances should compel us to submit to their mode of treating we should do it with an ill grace, after such a decided and peremptory refusal. Besides, the Doctor seemed much perplexed and fettered by the instructions from Congress, to be guided by the advice of the French Court. Neither of these considerations affected Mr. Jay. For as to the first, he could not conceive of any event which would render it proper and therefore possible for America to treat in any other character than as an independent nation. And as to the second he could not believe that Congress intended they should follow any advice which might be repugnant to their dignity and interest."
Dr. Franklin's doubts prevented this letter being signed. Mr. Oswald was disappointed; and desired to see the draft, He saw it, and requested a copy of it. After taking time for consideration, Mr. Jay complied with the request. "For though unsigned, it would convey to the British ministry the sentiments and opinions he wished to impress, and if finally they should not be content to treat with us as independent they were not yet ripe for peace or treaty with us. Besides he could not be persuaded that Great Britain, after what the House of Commons had declared, after various other acts of that Government manifesting the intention to acknowledge it, would persist in refusing to admit our independence, provided they really believed that we had firmly resolved not to treat on more humble terms."
"With the copy of this draft, Mr. Jay gave Mr. Oswald copies of the various resolutions of Congress, which evinced their adherence to their independence. These papers Mr. Oswald sent by express to London and warmly recommended the issuing a new Commission, to remove all further delay."
Mr. Jay having afterwards ascertained that the Count de Vergennes had sent a confidential agent to London—but whose journey was intended to have been a secret; for purposes evidently hostile to the interests of the United States, determined immediately to counteract the project, by an agent on whom he could rely to make to the court of London such representations as he thought the occasion demanded. He succeeded, and in about two weeks Mr. Oswald received a new commission in the form for which Mr. Jay had contended.
To be continued.

ITALY, Nov. 28.
News from the Rhine.
A smart action took place, near Kehl. The particulars not detailed—the cannonading was so severe as to shake the houses at Strasburgh—the engagement was in the night.
THE NEGOCIATION
Is thought to be in a good train—the Paris Editors are severe on De LA CROIX, for his diplomatic “dryness and severity,” and his dilatoriness in agreeing to a principle, which he had acceded to at last without any fresh inducement. Dec. 8. Dispatches arrived in London from Lord Malmesbury. Dec. 9. Fresh instructions were sent by Mr. Ellis, to that Minister. The French populace pay flattering attention to the English Plenipotentiary.
PREPARATION.
Continues. The new Loan is an important one. A strong reinforcement of troops was getting ready at Spithead, to sail for St. Domingo. The Hungarians are about raising 100,000 infantry and cavalry for the service of the Emperor.
Capture of Ad. Lucas.
Holland—National Assembly, Nov. 8.
The commission for foreign affairs communicated to the assembly the capture of the Dutch squadron, commanded by admiral Lucas, whose object it was to attempt the re-capture of the Cape.
PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 8.
By the brig Sufannah, Capt. Fitzpatrick, arrived here yesterday from Bourdeaux, we learn that the brig Liberty, Capt. Ridge, in which Mr. Pinckney, our Minister Plenipotentiary to the Republic of France, went passenger, had safely arrived there ten days before he sailed, and that Mr. Pinckney had proceeded immediately to Paris, but no information had been received in respect to his reception there. It was, however the opinion of our consul, Mr. Fenwick, and others, at Bourdeaux, that Mr. Pinckney would be received by the Directory.—We have received by the arrival, a file of Paris papers up to the 22d of November, but they bring no later news than our London papers by the Carteret Packet.
The mournful catastrophe which has lately overwhelmed the family of Mr. Brown, the printer of the Philadelphia Gazette, in this city, attained its full height on Saturday morning, by the death of Mr. Brown himself, of an inflammation of the lungs, occasioned by the large quantity of fumes and mephitic air which he had imbibed, before he was extricated from the fire.
The shocking extinction of a whole family, furnishes matter for serious reflection, which the moralist may pursue for the benefit of his species, and which the giddy and dissipated ought to improve to their reformation. We trust it will also operate on all ranks of people, as a cautionary lesson to be careful in respect to that restless element which has occasioned this direful calamity.
The remains of Mr. Brown were interred yesterday morning near those of his family in St. Paul’s grave yard. His funeral was very numerously and respectfully attended.
Dr. Magaw (agreeably to the notice he gave, on performing the funeral rites upon the first melancholy occasion) yesterday afternoon, in St. Paul’s church preached a most affecting discourse to a very crowded audience, in reference to this singularly distressing event, from Job. ch. 3, ver. 7.
“Lo, let that be solitary; let no voice come therein.”
FEBRUARY 9.
On Tuesday, at O’Eller’s Hotel, the Anniversary of Alliance between the American and French Republics was commemorated by as respectable an association of citizens as was perhaps ever convened on a similar occasion. The company consisted of a large number of members of the Federal and State Legislatures, of citizens of acknowledged patriotism, and foreigners of distinction, among whom was Dr. Priestly.
Chief Justice M’Kean, and Mr. Langdon of New-Hampshire, presided.
The enthusiasm, convivial gaiety, and elevation of patriotism, inspired by the celebration of an era interesting in the annals of Liberty, shed through the whole company a glow of delight, which every one felt and expressed with ardour. The repast was enjoyed with moderation, and without even an approach to intemperance.
A number of Toasts were drank.
The Swedish barque Jupiter, Capt. Schales, in 94 days that arrived the 5th inst. from Marseilles, left Algiers the 13th July, at which time no vessel could be procured to carry the redeemed captives directly to the United States, they were obliged to embark with 48 Neapolitans destined for Leghorn; but a few hours
after their sailing unhappily found one of the Neapolitans sick with the plague, and immediately according to Mr. Barlow’s orders returned to Algiers and landed the man, and proceeded on the passage; the day after another Neapolitan was found to have the plague, and on the day following he died; the day after which Mr. Samuel E. Bayley, of Newbury-Port was found to have the plague, and the day following he died. Under these peculiar circumstances it was unanimously agreed to proceed to Marseilles, as the wind was contrary for Leghorn, where they arrived the 20th July free from infection. Every precaution was taken to prevent its further devastation; cleansing the ship continually by burning sulphur, tarred rope yarns and washing the ship and company with vinegar, which prevented its further progress. No person was allowed to have any intercourse with the infected persons but two, who had been so fortunate as to survive after having experienced the plague, viz. Benjamin Lunt and Peter Page, who willingly did every thing in their power for those unfortunate persons. Every thing belonging to the two deceased persons was overboard after their decease except a few cloths in a chest belonging to Mr. E. Bayley, which he had never touched after his leaving Algiers, the chest was sent on shore 2 leagues below Marseilles, and burned. Had they gone to any other port in the Mediterranean they would not have been admitted to quarantine, as a Spanish brig from Algiers who left it a few days before them, who had lost three of her people, arrived at Marseilles, after having been in three different ports in Spain, had not been admitted—the Capt. preferred Marseilles, proceeded thither, where they were received to perform a quarantine of 100 days, and from the great expense they have been at in Marseilles for the reception of vessels, their crews and merchandise from the Levant and Barbary; their Lazarettoes and precautions they take are preferable to any in the world. The American captives performed a quarantine of 82, during which time all continued in good health. Stephen Cathalan, Jr. Esq. American consul at Marseilles, supplied them with comfortable necessaries and a suit of winter cloths. The late Captains in behalf of themselves, their officers and crews, have much to lament that Joseph Donaldson, jun. Esq. Agent from the United States, did not effect a general redemption at the time of his making the peace, as seven of their unfortunate number died of the plague since the peace, and several others of various disorders. On the approach of that alarming evil, the plague, Joel Barlow, Esq. American consul at Algiers, by his perseverance, abilities, and humanity for the distressed, brought about their general redemption, which, in all probability (under God) was the means of saving many of their lives, as at that time the plague raged with such violence that from 40 to 50 died within the walls of the city daily. They touched at Gibraltar to fill up their water, &c. the 25th November.
James Simpson, Esq. American agent for West-Barbary. A gentleman of very great respectability, informed them that affairs in West-Barbary were in a very good way, and that he was daily expecting a vessel to arrive from the United States with the presents for the Emperor, Mr. Simpson had his furniture, &c. packed up to proceed to Barbary, to the consulship for the United States at that Regency. The Jupiter on the 24th December, lat. 28. 41. N. long. 20. W. boarded the hulk of a ship, supposed to belong to the Eastern part of the United States; she was laden with large pine timber and plank, her masts were all gone, the main mast about 15 feet above the deck, her quarter deck blown up, supposed to have been wrecked as much as six months—she was about 200 tons burthen, could not discover any name upon her stern. Dec. 26, lat. 26. 8. N. long. 21. 10. W. spoke the ship Eliza of, and from Boston, Moses Barnard, commander, out 17 days; all well, bound to China. Capt. Barnard very politely sent his boat with a present of live stock, vegetables, &c. which were very acceptable, and offered us any supply of provision.
Jan. 16, lat. 21. 6. N. long. 59. 30. W. spoke the brig Hannah, of Haverhill from Norfolk out 21 days, Robert Follandsee, master, all well, bound to the West-Indies.
Jan. 26, spoke the bark Neptune, of and from New-York. Lat. 28. 30. N. long. 70. W. bound to the West-Indies.
Jan. 28, spoke the Schooner John, of Salem, Samuel Cook, master,
from Charleston, out 6 days, all well, lat. 31. 50. N. long. 73. 30. W. bound to the West-Indies.
They left at Marseilles the ship Nancy, Capt. William Billings.
BOSTON, Feb. 21.
Original Correspondence.
From PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 11, 1797.
You inform me the people are apprehensive of an embargo, and request my opinion of the probability of such an event—in reply, I can say I have heard little or nothing said among the Members on the subject, and do not believe any thing further is likely to take place relative thereto the present session, than authorizing the PRESIDENT, in the recess of Congress, to lay a general or partial embargo at such time and for such term and conditions as circumstances may require. This measure is in contemplation, and may probably succeed; if it should, I have no doubt the PRESIDENT thus authorised, will (in case the Directory of France on the application of Mr. PINCKNEY, should not put a stop, to the depredations committed) think it his duty to impose it, in such manner as to prevent the evils to be apprehended.
War in India.
It does not appear, that hostilities had actually commenced, between the English and Tippoo, when our last advices left India; but such serious menaces had been expressed, and formidable preparations made, as rendered the event inevitable.
Mr. Pinckney, wrote from Bourdeaux, that his reception had been cordial and flattering at that city. A New-York paper mentions the receipt of a letter announcing the acknowledgment of Mr. Pinckney, as Minister from the United States, by the French Directory.
To the beginning of Jan. no orders had been received at Havannah, from Spain, detrimental to the navigation of the United States.
The Eliza, Sampson, arrived yesterday, from Savannah, completed her voyage, to the Vineyard, in the short space of 32 days. A gentleman obligingly loaned us papers received by this vessel; but they contained nothing new.
Late as To-morrow’s Post.
A gentleman who arrived in town yesterday from Philadelphia and New-York, favored us with papers of the former city to Feb. 13, and of the latter, to Feb. 16. They have, however, afforded us little more than information, that nothing important was current at those dates. A few common Articles follow:
HOUSE, Feb. 10.
The subject of the Naval Armament was under consideration. The words “equipped for sea,” were struck out of the resolution, appropriating money to complete the frigates.
An amendment, in these words, “except so far as appertains to any officers already appointed,” was agreed to.
A motion was made to insert the words, “finish the hulls,” instead of “finishing the vessels;” but was lost.
A resolution was laid on the table directing the Secretary of the Treasury, to furnish information relative to the expense of prosecuting the claims of our Citizens, for losses by the belligerent powers; for which 50,000 is now deemed necessary.
FEBRUARY 11.
Naval Armament. The resolution for establishing a Naval Yard, was negatived. The Resolution for purchasing two islands near Georgia, where the best white oak timber grows, also negatived.
PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 15.
The House of Representatives of this State, have agreed to draft a body of militia, to be stationed in Luzerne county, to aid the execution of the laws, which appear to be opposed to these.
DIED, At the Hospital, Mrs. ANN TAGGART, the 6th victim to the fire at Mr. BROWN’S.
FEBRUARY 23.
Yesterday, being the Birth-Day of the President of the United States, the same was celebrated with the usual demonstrations of joy. The day was ushered in by the ringing of bells, firing of cannon, &c. and several select classes of citizens dined together on the occasion.
SALEM, February 17.
East-India Affairs.
By Capt. Derby, in the brig Cadet, 67 days from the Cape of Good Hope, we are informed, that a few days previous to his touching at the Cape, two British Packets had arrived there, one from Calcutta, and the other from Bombay. That notwithstanding a profound secrecy was observed respecting the intelligence they brought, it had transpired that Tippoo was making formidable preparations for War; that the Mahrattas were disaffected, and were about to join him. It was confidently reported that 4 or 500 French Officers had been sent over by the way of the Mediterranean, to serve in Tippoo’s Army. It was not certain that hostilities had actually commenced, but that the British every day expected an attack.—Immediately after the arrival of the Packets, four British Regiments, were sent on in the outward bound India fleet, consisting of 17 sail under convoy of 1 ship of war and a frigate.
Tippoo can with ease bring an Army of 200,000 well disciplined men into the field—His Soldiers (Sepoys)
are equal to any Europeans in that country, who are soon after their arrival enervated by the climate. He is dreaded by the English, and is their mortal and declared enemy. He is a prince of known courage and address, and very powerful. His avowed plan is to drive these Usurpers (as he justly calls the English) from the Indian Territory altogether—and he has been once near affecting it, and may do it again. His supply of French Officers is a most valuable acquisition, and what he most needed—They were undoubtedly sent by the Executive Directory of France. Indeed this business was always a favorite contemplation of that government; but which the revolution for a time has prevented.
Gen. Dundas has arrived at the Cape, to supercede Gen. Craig in the command of the garrison at that place. Lord Macartney was expected daily. Gen. Craig had received an appointment in India, and was to go on there immediately after Lord Macartney’s arrival. This circumstance is joyous to the inhabitants of the Cape, and auspicious to the Americans who may arrive there. Gen. Craig treated them with ineffable contempt, whenever they solicited the least indulgence. When they entered his apartment he assumed the air and indignity of a Nabob, strutted like a conceited player as soon as their prayers were made known, damned the American flag, and invoked the vengeance of Heaven on their cursed heads. This redoubtable Gen. was an Officer in America during the war, and was compelled to be present at Yorktown when Cornwallis resigned his sword to the illustrious WASHINGTON.—Scotchmen have good memories, and the old General’s enmity will end only with his life. The inhabitants anticipated with pleasure the arrival of Lord Macartney, who is a complete gentleman (the very reverse of Craig) and under whose Government they had no doubt of renewing their former trade and intercourse with the Americans.
The late Admiral Lucas, whose heroism cannot now be sullied, was treated with every indignity by the inhabitants at Cape-Town, for his dastardly conduct, in delivering up the fleet under his command to the English, at a time when he might have immortalized his fame, and revived the ancient glory of the Batavian Flag. It is asserted, that like the Dutch Governor of the Cape, he was charm’d by English Goldfunches, and like another Arnold, basely betrayed his country.
The English are only in possession of Cape Town and False and Saldana Bay. The interior of the Cape is not subdued; and the country inhabitants refuse to give up, and are in respectable force.
An English Fleet consisting of 8 ships, sailed from the Cape in the month of August, destined for the Isle of France, with an intention of investing it—and declaring it in a state of blockade! Americans eye the word well!
PORTSMOUTH, Feb. 25.
Wednesday last being the Anniversary of the birth-day of our illustrious President GEORGE WASHINGTON, was celebrated in this metropolis by such demonstrations of joy, as the auspicious event justly demanded. At sun-rise it was noticed by the ringing of bells and firing of cannon. At noon a large and respectable body of citizens partook of an elegant repast provided for the occasion at the New-Hampshire Hotel, which was adorned with the flags of the United States—a number of patriotic songs were sung, and hilarity and joy pervaded every breast. The following toasts were given, accompanied by the discharge of cannon.
1st. The day, may it long be celebrated with gratitude to heaven by every lover of his country, as the anniversary of the birth of the illustrious Washington.
2d. The President of the United States, may his distinguished patriotism and eminent services, continue to ensure him the reward of public gratitude and private affection.
3d. John Adams, Esq. President elect of the United States—may his distinguished virtues and talents, so faithfully exerted in the cause of his country, prove a happy presage that in his administration, he will emulate the wisdom and virtues of his predecessor.
4th. Thomas Jefferson, Esq. Vice President elect of the United States—may the talents exerted in defence of our neutrality, while at the head of the department of State, be equally useful when presiding in the Senate of the United States.
5th. Congress, may wisdom preside in their Councils, and they continue to enjoy the confidence of their constituents.
6th. The Governor and State of New-Hampshire.
7th. The citizens of the United States, may they ever pay respect to the constitutional authorities, and prove their attachment to the American Republic.
8th. May Foreign influence of every kind be expelled from our country, and our national pride be, that we are independent Americans.
9th. May the patriots of America, be American patriots.
10th. Commerce, Agriculture, and Manufactures—May we enjoy freedom of trade with all nations and be at enmity with none.
11th. Our friends and allies of all nations.
12th. May the Republic of France, respect the neutrality of the United States, and indemnify those who have suffered by her spoliations.
13th. May all party dissensions be abolished, and our country’s good the principle of action pervading every breast.
14th. The friends of peace, order and good government—May we never resort to the sword, till pacific negotiations are rejected.
15th. A speedy peace to the belligerent powers in Europe—May a spirit of mutual conciliation prevail in the present negotiations.
16th. The blessings of liberty, happiness, peace and good government to all mankind.
Volunteer by the Chief Justice of the State—The land we live in.
In the evening the Hotel was handsomely illuminated.
Yesterday, Capt. Furness and sundry other persons late prisoners at Algiers belonging this way arrived in town from the Southward.
By Capt. Perkins arrived at Cape Ann; left Dec. 9, at St. Ubes, ship Stafford, Capt. Balch, and the ship Randolph, Capt. Greenough, both of this port, the latter in attempting to come out three days before Capt. Perkins failed struck on a reef within the bar, but by unlading about 100 mds of salt, was the next day got off with little or no damage.
Capt. Paul arrived at Wilmington, North Carolina, informs that while he lay at Tortola, three Spanish prizes were brought in by British cruisers, on board of one of which, a large ship, was two Bishops, twenty-five Friars, and two million of dollars. Two American captains arrived at St. Thomas’s from the Bite of Leogane, while Capt. P. lay there, who informed that upwards of four hundred American vessels were lying at the Bite and at St. Pierres, all captured by the French, and many of them condemned, vessels and cargoes.
DIED In this town, Mrs. MARGARET LONNERGAN, aged 75; also a daughter of Mrs. WELLS;—At Greenland, Mr. SAMUEL PICKERING.
ENTRIES at the CUSTOM-HOUSE, District of PORTSMOUTH, N. H.
ENTERED FROM Schooner Hannah, Jenkins, New-York. Sch’t W’m and Mary, Shaw, St. KITS.
For the benefit of Mrs. Harper.
ASSEMBLY-ROOM, On MONDAY next, Feb. 27, will be presented an
Attic Evening’s Entertainment IN THREE PARTS, Part 1st.
The Gallery of Portraits, OR
The World as it Goes.
In which the following characters will be delineated, by Mr. HARPER,
Laughing philosopher Good Temper, Crying philosopher, Courtship and Marriage, Jeffrey Grim, The Sultans, Master Jockey, Cornuto, Billy Boldface, Politeician, Lawyer, Worldly Wife Man,
With the remarkable case of “Daniel against Dishelout.”
Epilogue, “Every one has his fault,” by Mrs. HARPER.
Song by Mrs. TUBBS.
Part 2d.
An Historical Interlude, called Margaret of Anjou, OR
The Battle of Hexham,
Margaret of Anjou, Mrs. Harper. Robber, Mr. Harper. Prince Edward, Miss Arnold.
Part 3d.
Continuation of the Gallery of Portraits by Mr. HARPER.
Yorrick, Garrick, A blood-keeping it up, Sir Tiny Tarrier, AND THE
Illustrious Washington.
“Belle’s have at ye all” by Mrs. Harper.
SONG by Miss Arnold.
Dance by Mr. Tubbs and Mrs. Harper.
The whole to conclude with a valedictory Address by Mr. HARPER.
Tickets to be had at Mr. Melcher’s Book-Store, of Mr. Pierce, and at the Assembly-Room.
Doors opened at 6, and the curtain drawn up precisely at 7 o’clock.
J. FROST INFORMS the public
in general, that he has opened a small assortment of GOODS, which he will sell on such terms, that a modest purchaser will not complain.
N. B. If encouragement is given he will open a larger assortment, in the season following. Durham-Falls, Feb. 24th, 1797.

Land for Settlers.
SEVERAL thousand acres of good land in two townships, lately granted to the sufferers of Portland, about ninety miles to the northward of said town, may be had on very reasonable terms, by any person who should incline to settle upon part of the same. Enquire of SAMUEL FREEMAN, Esq. Postmaster in said Portland, or JEREMIAH LIBBEY, Esq. Postmaster in Portsmouth.
A FARM
Near the town to be let. Inquire of the Printer.
Portsmouth, Feb. 8. 1797.
TO BE SOLD
The Dwelling-House
AND LAND.
NOW occupied by Mr. Daniel Symes, in Daniel-Street, having a good cellar and well, &c. land about 24 feet by 117; a lot of land in Crofts-Street, 30 by 48 feet, opposite the widow Dennie's; and a lot near the North School, adjoining Mr. Perkins Ayers, 31 by 94 feet, with a small neat house on it, and a privilege of an excellent well. For conditions apply to JACOB WALDEN.
Portsmouth, Feb. 10. 1797.
State of New-Hampshire.
In the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-six. An act to repeal an act, entitled, "an act for altering, repairing and making fit for the passing of carts and wagons, the road from the town of Conway to the upper Coos; and also for cutting a new road from the said road which is now used to the town of Gunthwaite, or to the town of Littleton, formerly called Apthorp."
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General-Court convened. That the act, entitled, "an act for altering, repairing and making fit for the passing of carts and wagons, the road from the town of Conway to the upper Coos, and also for cutting a new road from the said road which is now used to the town of Gunthwaite, or to the town of Littleton, formerly called Apthorp, be, and the same hereby is repealed."
And be it further enacted. That all persons who have sold lands pursuant to said act, and for the purposes therein mentioned, shall on or before the first day of April next, render an account of their sales and expenditures on said road to Oliver Peabody, John Goddard and Ephraim Robinson, Esquires, who are hereby authorized to adjust the account or accounts so rendered, and directed to lay the same before the General-Court at the next session thereof.
State of New- } In the House of Repre- Hampshire. } sentatives Dec. 7. 1796.
The foregoing bill having had three several readings passed to be enacted.
Sent up for concurrence,
RUSSELL FREEMAN, Speaker.
In Senate the same day, this bill having been read a third time, voted that the same be enacted.
EBENEZER SMITH, President of the Senate.
J. T. GILMAN, Governor.
Approved Dec. 8th, 1796.
A true copy, Attest.
NATH'L PARKER, Dep'y Sec'y.
Pursuant to the above act of the General-Court, the subscribers give notice that they will attend at the dwelling-house of Benjamin Lamson, innholder in Exeter, on the first day of April next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon for the purpose mentioned therein; and all persons concerned are requested to attend at the above time and place, and render an account of their sales of lands, and expenditures on the road, described in the same.
OLIVER PEABODY,
JOHN GODDARD,
EPHRAIM ROBINSON.
Feb. 9th, 1797.
State of New Hampshire.
Grafton, ss.
Whereas Asa Porter of Haverhill in said county, Esquire, has petitioned the Judge of the court for the probate of wills, &c. in and for said county.
Setting forth,
THAT he is a creditor to the estate of Byfield Lyde, late of Bolton, Esq. deceased; that there is no administration of said estate, nor widow or children of said deceased, to be found in this State, by which means he is unable to recover his just dues from said estate, altho' he believes there is property within said county, which belonged to said deceased, and thereupon praying that letters of administration might be granted to him.
Whereupon ordered, that the petitioner be heard thereon before said Court, on Tuesday the 25th day of April next, at 2 of the clock in the afternoon, at the dwelling-house of Capt. Joseph Bliss, innholder in said Haverhill, and that in the mean time the petitioner cause the substance of said petition, and the order of Court to be published in the New-Hampshire Gazette three weeks successively, commencing eight weeks previous to said day of hearing, that any person or persons may then and there appear and shew cause (if any there be) wherefore the prayer of said petition should not be granted.
Copy examined.
Attest.
MOSES DOW, Register Probate.
Nov. 22, 1796.
REMOVED.
Oliver Briard
RESPECTFULLY informs the public that he has removed to the store lately occupied by Mr. Samuel Larkin, next door south to Messrs. Dean & Blake, in Market-Street, where he has for sale
An assortment of GOODS which will be sold at the lowest cash prices.
Portsmouth, Feb. 4. 1797. [6w.]
Portsmouth Book-Store and Circulating Library
REMOVED.
S. Larkin
INFORMS his friends and the public, that he has removed from Market-Street, to the store lately occupied by Mr. Peter Pearse, corner of Court and Daniel-Streets, directly opposite the Court-House, where he has for sale an extensive assortment of
Books & Stationary
at the very lowest prices, for cash or approved credit.
Portsmouth. Jan. 24, 1797.
State of New-Hampshire.
Grafton, ss.
Whereas the hon. Nathaniel Peabody and John W. Chandler, Esquires, Obadiah Eastman and Jonathan Hale, Esquires, Josiah Burnham and Reuben Page, have preferred a petition to me the subscriber a justice of the Peace, and of the Quorum in and throughout the State of New-Hampshire,
Setting forth that they are owners of more than one sixteenth part of the township of Coventry, in said county, and that there are not twenty families resident in said township, and therefore requesting that a meeting of the proprietors and grantees, owners of lands in said township of Coventry, might be notified and warned to be holden at the dwelling-house of Doct. Amasa Scott, innholder in Haverhill, the nearest thire town in said county, on Tuesday the 11th day of April next, at 10 of the clock forenoon, to vote and act on the following articles, matters and things, to wit,
1st. To choose a moderator to govern said meeting.
2d. To choose a proprietor's clerk.
3d. To choose a committee to examine into the appropriation and expenditures of monies heretofore raised and granted by the proprietary, and to examine and settle the demands of all persons to whom the proprietary are indebted for services and expenditures.
4th. To vote, grant and raise such sum or sums of money as may then be judged expedient for making and repairing public highways in said town, and for such other purposes as may be deemed for the benefit of said proprietary.
5th. To vote to establish a highway leading from Haverhill town-line, near the dwelling-house of Mr. Robert Elliot, in said Coventry, passing through the Oliverian valley (so called) to Warren town-line, agreeably to the return of a survey of the same made by the following gentlemen, viz. James Woodward, Esq. Maj. Moody Bedel, and Capt. Stephen Richardson, or in such other way as the proprietary may judge most beneficial to the public.
6th. To choose and appoint assessors and collector with necessary powers.
7th. To ratify and confirm any former votes and grants made by said proprietary.
8th. To pass all votes necessary to confirm or to regulate former pitches made upon certain lots of land by proprietors or others, and to direct how and in what manner lots shall be drawn, and pitches in future made upon lots in said town.
9th. To choose a committee to lay out one or more hundred acre lots or lots to each proprietor's right or share of land in said town with certain discretionary powers.
10th. To vote to choose a committee in behalf of said proprietary to lay out roads, and to do and transact all such other matters and things, as may be committed to their charge, for the advantage of said proprietary.
11th. To vote and transact such other matters as may be thought proper for the good of the proprietary.
(Signed)
NATHANIEL PEABODY,
JOHN W. CHANDLER,
OBADIAH EASTMAN,
JONATHAN HALE, per
ARTEMAS NIXON,
JOSIAH BURNHAM,
REUBEN PAGE.
Dated Coventry, Dec. 16, 1796.
Therefore pursuant to said request and the laws of the State of New-Hampshire in such case made and provided, the proprietors and grantees, owners of lands in said township of Coventry, are hereby notified and warned to meet at the time and place and for the purposes set forth and mentioned in the before recited application.
Given under my hand and seal at Haverhill, in said county of Grafton, the twentieth day of December, 1796.
MOSES DOW.
THE proprietors and owners of land in Haverhill, in the county of Grafton, and State of New-Hampshire, are hereby notified, that at a legal meeting of said proprietors and land owners, holden at said Haverhill on the 18th day of November last by adjournment, it was voted and agreed to levy a tax of ten dollars upon each and every right or proprietor's share of land in said town, the school right only excepted, for the purpose of discharging their debts and defraying their expenses, and that said tax should be apportioned and assessed, to and upon each lot laid out to or severed for each right; and that the subscriber was at the time aforesaid appointed collector to collect said tax, and that he has received from the assessors a tax-bill and warrant, to collect and pay said tax to the treasurer of said proprietors and land owners on or before the 20th day of April next.
Therefore said proprietors and land owners are hereby called upon to pay said taxes to the subscriber, collector as aforesaid, at my dwelling house in Haverhill aforesaid, within fourteen days after the last week of this notice, otherwise said taxes will be levied by the sale of said lands, or so much thereof as shall be sufficient for said purpose fourteen days after said last week of notice.
JAMES WOODWARD. Dated Haverhill, Jan. 25, 1797.
NOTICE is hereby given to the owners of land in Kearfarge-Gore, in the county of Hillsborough, and State of New-Hampshire, that in pursuance of an act passed in the year 1796, for laying a tax on all the lands in said Gore (public rights excepted) for the purpose of repairing roads and bridges in said Gore, that in pursuance of said act the selectmen of Kearfarge Gore have assessed a tax of three cents per acre upon each and every acre of land in said Gore (public lands excepted) for the term of one year, for the purpose of making and repairing roads and bridges in said Gore, and committed the same to the subscriber to collect, & where as it is in, and by the aforesaid act provided, that the owners or proprietors of land in said Gore shall have liberty to pay their proportion of the assessment aforesaid in work to be done on said roads and bridges between the first day of May and the first day of October, and shall be allowed six cents for every hour actual labor performed by an able bodied man finding his own diet; therefore unless the work is performed by the 1st day of October next or the money paid, so much of the land as will pay the same with incidental charges will be advertised and sold at public auction, for the purposes aforesaid.
ABNER WATKINS, Collector. Kearfarge-Gore, Feb. 1, 1797.
Take Notice.
TO BE SOLD AN EXCELLENT
F A R M
In Londonderry,
VERY pleasantly situated, about 3 miles south of the east meeting-house, said FARM contains about 120 acres, a suitable proportion whereof is woodland, and a large proportion of orcharding; it is remarkably well watered, & the buildings and fences thereon of a very good quality, and in very good repair. Any person wishing to purchase may know the terms by applying to Mr. Wm. MOOR on the premises.
Londonderry, Jan. 26, 1797. 4w.
State of New-Hampshire.
NOTICE is hereby given to the proprietors and owners of land in the township of Eaton, in the county of Strafford, and State aforesaid, that a tax of three dollars on each original right or share in said township, was voted to be assessed by the proprietors of said township, on the 4th day of January last, and the same has been assessed accordingly, and committed to me to collect; this is therefore to give notice, that unless the same is paid to me the subscriber within six weeks from this date, at my dwelling-house in said Eaton, so much of the delinquents shares will be advertised for sale as the law directs, as will pay the same together with incidental charges.
JOHN BANFILL, Prop'r's Collector. Eaton, Feb. 6, 1797.
A general assortment of BLANKS
Printed on good Paper, are constantly kept for sale at J. MELCHER's Printing-Office and Book-Store, Corner of Market Street.
Official Notice!
HIS Catholic Majesty's Consul for the States of Massachusetts, Connecticut, New-Hampshire, Rhode-Island, and Vermont, residing in Boston. Hereby calls on the Merchants within the said States, having Vessels sailing from time to time on foreign Voyages,—recommending to them to exhibit their Clearances from the Custom-House, in the State from whence Vessel sails, and a declaration of the Owner or Owners of said Vessel, and the Cargo on board, on Oath before some Public Notary, ascertaining the same to be bona fide American property—that they may hereby avoid such detention and consequent injury, as the want of such Papers officially certified by him in the Spanish Language, may occasion, in case of their meeting with any of the ships of war belonging to his Catholic Majesty, while prosecuting such voyages.
The Printers of the different Newspapers in the said States, are requested to insert the above. Feb. 6.
NOTICE.
ALL persons having demands on the overseers of the poor for the town of Portsmouth, for supplies for the almshouse for the past year, are hereby desired to present their accounts to the subscriber for settlement, on or before the fifteenth day of March next ensuing.
NATH'L MARSHALL. Portsmouth, Feb. 10, 1797.
TO BE SOLD
For cash or approved notes, By Daniel Huntress, At his store at the bottom of Daniel Street,
FOUR hundred quintals Jamaica Fifth. 100 do Scale. Quantity Turks-Island Salt. Few hogheads of Tobago and Antigua 2d and 3d proof Rum. Few barrels Liver Oil. Portsmouth, Feb. 11, 1797.
State of New-Hampshire
Rockingham ss.
To Thomas Leavitt, Esq. one of the justices of the peace, in and for said county, and clerk to the proprietors of the township of Tamworth, in the county of Strafford in said State.
THE undersigned owners of more than one sixteenth part of said township of Tamworth, request that you notify and warn the proprietors, owners and grantees of land in said township, to meet at the dwelling-house of Col. Stephen Mason in Tamworth aforesaid, on Thursday the 29th day of March next, at ten of the clock in the forenoon, to vote and act on the following articles, matters and things, viz.
1st. To choose a moderator to govern said meeting.
2d. To choose a proprietors clerk.
3d. To choose and appoint assessors and collector, with necessary powers.
4th. To ratify and confirm any former votes or grants heretofore passed or made by the proprietors.
5th. To pass all necessary votes to confirm or to regulate all former pitches made upon certain lots or parcels of land; and to sever and divide the common and undivided land or dispose of a part or all of said common land, as they may judge best for their interest.
6th. To settle and adjust all accounts and demands against the proprietors.
7th. To settle with any person either by compromise or otherwise as they may think best, who have taken up or settled on any lands, without leave or consent of the proprietors, and to appoint agents with full power to prosecute any person who has or may trespass on any of the land belonging to the proprietors.
8th. To see what sum of money they will vote to raise to discharge the debts of the proprietors.
9th. To vote and transact all such other matters and things as may be thought best for the interest of the proprietary.
THOMAS COGSWELL, BRADBURY CILLEY.
February 1, 1797.
State of New-Hampshire.
Rockingham ss.
In compliance with the aforesaid written request to me made, I do hereby notify and warn all the proprietors, owners and grantees of land in said township of Tamworth, to meet at the time and place, and for the purpose mentioned and set forth in the aforesaid request.
Given under my hand and seal at Northampton, in the county and State aforesaid, this 3d day of February, 1797.
THOMAS LEAVITT.
Public Vendue.
By virtue of a licence from the Judge of Probate of Wills, &c. will be sold at Public Auction, at the house of Mr. Benjamin Leavitt, innholder in Northampton, on MONDAY the twentieth day of March next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, the following parcels of land belonging to the estate of Jonathan Moulton, late of Hampton, in the county of Rockingham, Esquire, deceased, viz.
ABOUT 20 common
rights in the 1st div. in Moultonborough, about 50 acres on the neck in said Moultonborough being the same on which Mr. Wiggins lived.
About 13 acres of lot No. 10 in the 1st range in New-Hampton.
About 60 acres that was taken by execution from Phinehas Dolloff in New-Hampton.
About 100 acres in Tamworth being the same where Joseph Allen lived, and all the land unsoild in said Moultonborough, New-Hampton and Tamworth belonging to said estate and not above described.
About 200 acres in the common rights in Warren.
All the land in Orford belonging to said estate not heretofore sold; one half of the following lots in Piermont, viz. half 13 in 5th range drawn to the right of Henry Sherburne; half 2 in 3d range, M. H. Wentworth original proprietor; half 4 in 6th range, Daniel Warner original proprietor; half 9 in 3d range, Peter Gilman, Esq. original proprietor; half 7 in 5th range, Richard Wibird, Esq. original proprietor, and all the land in said Piermont, not heretofore sold, and not above described, belonging to said estate.
All the land belonging to said estate in Burton and Eaton; about half of an acre of land in Hampton where Benjamin Moulton, deceased lived, and about 2 acres of salt marsh in said Hampton.
About 4 acres of meadow land in Kensington.
All the buildings in Dover belonging to said estate.
Conditions of sale to be made known at time and place.
THOMAS LEAVITT, Executor to the last will and testament of Jonathan Moulton, Esq. deceased. Feb. 16, 1797.
William Leverett
Informs his friends and customers, that he has just received and now for sale at his Grocery Store, No. 2, Jeffrey's-Row, Sign of the Golden Bottle, the following Fresh Articles.
MALAGA Grapes
in the highest preservation, by the jar or single pound.
Fresh Olives of a superior quality. Anchovies by the bottle.
English Herring, by the dozen or case, of a most excellent quality, suitable for the morning or evening, as a relisher; fresh Capers, by the pound or less; Corianders of different kinds.
Shel'd Almonds, & without shells; Bloom and Muscadeado Box Raisins; cask Raisins ditto; Figs.
Confectionary; Cinnamon; Cassia, and Cinnamon Buds; Nutmegs; Mace; Cloves; Ground and Raw Ginger; Mustard by the pound or bottle; Philadelphia and Boston Manufactured Loaf Sugar; Brown Sugar; Chocolate 1st and 2d quality; Coffee; Liquid Bluing in jugs, or by the less quantity; Patent Blacking by the Cake; Hair Powder of a superior quality; Soft Pomatum of different scents.
Brandy; Rum; Gin; Malaga, Sherry and Lisbon Wines; Molasses; mould and dip Candles; Sweet Oil in Flasks; Cheeses; Crockery Ware of every kind—with every article kept in a Grocery Store.
N. B. Every attention paid to Customers, the smallest favours received with thanks, and the articles warranted good, or received back and money returned.
Portsmouth, Feb. 10, 1797.
TO BE SOLD,
Several valuable tracts of
L A N D,
Being part of the real estate of the late M. H. Wentworth, Esq. deceased, situate in the following towns, Barrington, Offipee, Meredith, Sandwich, Moultonborough, Effingham, New-Chester and Bridgewater; Jefferson, Bath, Orford, Andover, Bradford, Kearfarge-Gore, Sutton, Salisbury, Marlborough, Packersfield and Washington; Shelburne, N. London, Thornton, Campbell's-Gore, and an island in Winnepesaukee pond. Also two valuable lots in Claremont. Inquire of
JOHN PIERCE, or JOHN FISHER.
Portsmouth, Jan. 7, 1797. 1.b.c.