The Rhode-Island Republican (Newport, R.I.), 1809-05-17 00:00:00

THE RHODE-ISLAND REPUBLICAN.
No. 9.
NEWPORT, WEDNESDAY, MAY 17, 1809.
Vol. 1.
NEWPORT, R. I.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED ON WEDNESDAYS, BY WILLIAM SIMONS, No. 15, MILL-STREET.
TERMS.
The paper is printed once a week, at 2 dollars a year, one half in advance.
Advertisements conspicuously inserted, at the rate of 1 dollar and 50 cents a square, for three weeks—smaller one in the same proportion.
Printing, in all its variety, executed with accuracy and despatch. Orders respectfully solicited.
NATHANIEL DEARBORN,
Seven doors north of Mr. Townsend's coffee-house.
HAS for sale, an extensive assortment of ACCOUNT BOOKS, as cheap as can be purchased elsewhere. Likewise, Memorandum Pocket Books, Receipt and Note Books; Morocco Pocket Books, Paper, Ink, Quills, Suspenders, Clothes-Brushes, Tooth-Brushes, Backgammon Boxes and Dice, Indelible Ink for Linen, Combs, Blank and Playing Cards, Quadrille and Chess Boards, Backgammon Tables, Cigars, Inkstands, Scissors, Penknives, Cigars and Tobacco Boxes, black Sand for counting-rooms, Sand Boxes, Wafers, Sealing Wax, &c. &c.
SEAMAN'S ARTICLES.
  Bowitch's Navigator  Marshall and Park on Insurance    Blunt's Coast Pilot  Seaman's complete Pilot of Charts, $25    Mackay's Navigator  Seaman's Journals    Ship Master's Assistant  Log book Paper    Naval Gazetteer, in 2 volumes  Cases Instruments    Gower on Seaman-ship  Shipping Papers     Scales, Dividers, &c.  
FOR MUSICIANS.
2 superb Flutes, and a Violin of the first rate; Instruction Books for all kinds of Instruments, and Pieces for the Piano Forte; the latest, and most approved Song Books; Musick Paper; blank ruled Musick Books; Violin Strings, &c.
THE LITERARY DEPARTMENT
Has been replenished with many valuable works. Hume's History of England, with continuation, 12 vols. Pope's Works, Rollin's Ancient History, Homer's Odyssey, Mavor's Universal History, Gibbon's Roman Empire, Burke's Works, Took's Russia, Denon's Egypt, Depons, Spanish, Maine, Robertson's America, do. Charles 5th. Anarcharsis' Travels, Milton's Paradise Lost and Regained, Hervey's Meditations, Salmagundi, &c.
MEDICAL WORKS.
  Cullen's Practice  Hunter on Venereal    Saunders on the fever  Ball on the Animal    Denman's Midwifery  Economy    Jackson on fever  Chapman's Chemistry    Ballie's Morbid Anatomy  Gale on Electricity     Blaine's veterinary art    Second hand volumes exchanged or purchased.
Old books rebound faithfully at short notice. May 3.
JASON SPRAGUE,
Offers for sale, at his Store, in Washington-Street, No. 4,
100 bbls. fresh superfine Alexandria and New-York Flour, by the barrel or larger quantity; 2000 wt. Cabin Bread; 60 barrels pickled Cod; dry Codfish by the quintal or larger quantity; Pork; Beef; Rice by the tierce; Loaf, powdered and brown Sugar; Souchong and Bohea Teas; Coffee; Molasses; West-India, New-England and Chewy Rum; Wine, Brandy and Gin, by the barrel or less quantity; Ginger, Allspice, Pepper, Cinnamon, Soap, Candles, Starch, negro-head, pigtail and leaf Tobacco; Segars by the thousand or less quantity; Men's and Women's Shoes; Boots; writing and wrapping Paper; merchantable and clear pine Lumber; Hog-head Shooks, Oars; black and bright Varnish; Rosin; a few barrels gurry Oil. Also, a small quantity of Flax.
Which Articles may be had on reasonable terms, for Cash or approved credit, and the smallest favours gratefully received.
Newport, March, 21, 1809.
ABNER HATHAWAY,
BROAD-STREET,
HAS for sale, many kinds of LUMBER, consisting of Timber, Joist, Boards, and Shingles; Cedar and Pine Clapboards. Also—white oak Plank and round Timber; with a good assortment of birch and maple Bedstead Joist.
Nails and Hollow Ware, of many kinds; east iron Oven Frames and Doors, on an approved construction. Corn and Potatoes, by the bushel or larger quantity.
Newport, April 5.
JAMES WESTGATE, BAKER,
No. 195, Thames-Street, Offers for sale, 100 bbls. excellent Ship Bread. Groceries of all kinds, Crackers and Ginger Bread put up at the shortest notice.
Newport, March 23.
SIMPSON & BARKER,
Offer for sale, At the Brick Market 40 bbls. mess Pork, and 20 bbls. mess Beef. March 22.
Miscellany.
FROM THE BOSTON PATRIOT.
THE INADMISSIBLE PRINCIPLES OF THE KING OF ENGLAND'S PROCLAMATION of Oct. 22, 1807—CONSIDERED.
THURLOW, when he was Chancellor, hazarded a saying to a committee of the city of London, that the practice of impressment of seamen was legal; but the committee answered him respectfully, but firmly, though in the presence of the King in Council—"We acknowledge the high authority of your Lordship's opinion, but we must declare that we are of a very different opinion;" and their answer appeared to be applauded by the nation. Press-gangs are continually opposed and resisted at sea, by the sailors, whenever they have the means or the least hope of escaping. Navy officers and men are sometimes killed, and there is no inquisition for their blood. As little noise as possible is made about it. It is known to be justifiable homicide to take the life of an assailant in the necessary defence of a man's liberty. There is not a jury in England who would find a verdict of murder or manslaughter against any sailor, on land or at sea, who should kill any one of a press-gang in the necessary defence of his liberty from impressment. Press-gangs on shore are often resisted by the people, fired on, some of them wounded, sometimes killed. Yet no inquisition is made for this. The practice is held in abhorrence by the men of war's-men themselves. The boatswain of the Rose frigate, after the acquittal of the four Irish sailors who were prosecuted in a special Court of Admiralty at Boston, for killing a gallant and amiable officer, Lieutenant Panton said, "This is a kind of work in which I have been almost constantly engaged for twenty years, i. e. in fighting with honest sailors, to deprive them of their liberty; I always suspected that I ought to be hanged for it, but now I know it." Since I have alluded to this case, it may not be amiss to recollect some other circumstances of it.
A press-gang from the Rose, commanded by Lieutenant Panton, with a Midshipman and a number of ordinary seamen, visited and searched a merchant-ship from Marblehead, belonging to Mr. Hooper, at sea. The Lieutenant enquired if any English, Irish or Scotchmen were on board? Not satisfied with the answer he received, he prepared to search the ship from stem to stern.—At last he found four Irishmen retired and concealed in the forepeak. With swords and pistols he immediately laid siege to the enclosure and summoned the men to surrender. Corbett, who had the cool intrepidity of a Nelson, reasoned, remonstrated and laid down the law with the precision of a Mansfield. "I know who you are. You are the Lieutenant of a man of war, come with a press-gang to deprive me of my liberty. You have no right to impress me. I have retreated from you as far as I can; I can go no farther. I and my companions are determined to stand upon our defence. Stand off." The sailors within and without employed their usual language to each other, and a Midshipman, in the confusion, fired a pistol into the forepeak and broke an arm of one of the four. Corbett, who stood at the entrance, was engaged in a contest of menaces and defiances with the Lieutenant. He repeated what he had before said, and marking a line with a harpoon in the salt, with which the ship was loaded, said, "You are determined to deprive me of my liberty, and I am determined to defend it. If you step over that line, I shall consider it as a proof that you are determined to impress me, and by the eternal God of Heaven, you are a dead man." "Aye, my lad," said the Lieutenant, "I have seen many a brave fellow, before now." Taking his snuff-box out of his pocket, and taking a pinch of snuff, he very deliberately stepped over the line and attempted to seize Corbett. The latter, drawing back his arm, and driving his harpoon with all his force, cut off the carotid artery and jugular vein, and laid the Lieut. dead at his feet. The Rose sent a reinforcement to the press-gang; broke down the bulk-head, and seized the four Irishmen, and brought them to trial for piracy and murder. The Court consisted of Governor Bernard, Governor Wentworth, Chief Justice Hutchinson, Judge Achmuty, Commodore Hood himself, who then commanded all the ships of war on the station, now a peer of the British Empire, and twelve or fifteen others, counsellors of Massachusetts, New-Hampshire and Rhode-Island.—After the trial, the President, Governor Bernard, pronounced the judgment of the Court, that the action of the prisoners was justifiable homicide, and in this opinion the whole Court was unanimous. The sailor who was wounded in the arm, brought an action against the Midshipman, and Com. Hood himself interposed, and made compensation to the sailor, to his satisfaction, after which the action was withdrawn. Such was the impressment of seamen, as it stood, by law, before our revolution. The author of my text, then, carries his courtly complaisance to the English government, farther than the Governors Bernard & Hutchinson, and even than Lord Hood carried it, when we were a part of the British empire. He thinks that, as every nation has a right to the service of its subjects, in time of war, the proclamation
of the King of Great Britain commanding his naval officers to practise such impressments, on board, not the vessels of his own subjects, but, of the United States, a foreign nation, could not furnish the slightest ground for an Embargo! It is not necessary for me to say, that any thing could furnish a sufficient ground for an embargo, for any long time; this, I leave to the responsibility of our President, Senators and Representatives in Congress. But, I say with confidence, that it furnishes a sufficient ground for a declaration of war.—Not the murder of Peirce, nor all the murders on board the Chesapeake, nor all the others, injuries and insults, we have received from foreign nations, atrocious as they have been, can be of such dangerous, lasting and pernicious consequence to this country, as this proclamation, if we have servility enough to submit to it.
What would the author of my text have advised? Would he counsel the President to stipulate, in a treaty with Great Britain, that his navy officers should forever hereafter have a right to visit all American merchant ships, and impress from them all of English, Scotch and Irish Seamen? Will he be so good as to explain the distinction between ships of war and merchant ships? Are not merchant ships under the jurisdiction and entitled to the protection of the laws of their country upon the seas, as much as ships of war? Is not a merchant ship as much the territory of the United States, as a ship of war?—Would the author of my text advise the President and Congress to acquiesce, in silence under this proclamation, and permit it to be executed forever hereafter? Would not such a tame and silent acquiescence, as effectually yield the point, and establish the practice, if not the law, as an express stipulation in a solemn treaty? If the United States had as powerful a navy as G. Britain, and Great Britain as feeble a force at sea, as ours, would he advise the President, either to concede the principle, by treaty or acquiesce in it, in silence? Does the circumstance of great power or great weakness make any alteration in the principle or the right? Should the capt. or crew of an American merchantman, resist a British press-gang on the high seas, and in defence of their liberty, kill the commander, and all under him, and then make their escape, and after returning to Salem, be prosecuted, would the writer of my text, as a judge or a juror, give his judgment for finding them guilty of murder or piracy? Although the Embargo was made the watchword, in our late election, the votes, in our greatest nurseries of seamen, for example, in Salem, in Marblehead, in Barnstable, Sandwich and other places on Cape Cod, in Nantucket and the Vineyard and other places, seemed to shew, that our seamen preferred to be embargoed, rather than go to sea to be impressed.
No doubt it will be said that we have nothing to do with the question in England, concerning the legality or illegality of impressments. This, as long as they confine the law and the practice to their own country, to their own ships and their own seamen, is readily acknowledged. We shall leave them to justify their own usage, whether it is a mere abuse, or a legitimate custom, to their own consciences, to their own sense of equity, humanity or policy. But when they arrogate a right, and presume, in fact, to transfer their usurpation to foreign nations, or rather to Americans, whom they presume to distinguish from all other nations, it becomes the interest, the right, and the indispensable duty of our government to inquire into the nefarious nature of it in England, in order to expose the greater turpitude of it when transferred to us, as well as to oppose and resist it to the utmost of their power; and it is equally the duty of the people to support their government in such opposition, to the last extremity.
Permit me now to enquire, what will be the effects of an established law and practice of British impressments of seamen, from American ships, upon the commerce, the navigation and the peace of the United States, and above all, upon the hearts and minds of their seamen.
In considering those innumerable dangers, from winds and seas, rocks and shoals, to which all ships are exposed, in their voyages, the owner and master must sit down together, in order to determine the number of seamen necessary for the voyage. They must calculate the chances of impressment, and engage a supernumerary list of sailors, that they may be able to spare as many as the British Lieutenant shall please to take, and have enough left to secure the safety of the ship and cargo, and above all, the lives of the master and crew. They know not how many British ships of war they may meet, nor how many sailors the conscience of each Lieutenant may allow him to impress. For the Lieutenant is to be judge, jury, sheriff and gaoler, to every seaman in American vessels. He is to try many important questions of law and of fact. Whether the sailor is a native of America? whether he has been lawfully naturalized in America?—Whether he is an Englishman, Scotchman, or Irishman?—Whether he emigrated to America before the revolution or since?—Indeed, no evidence is to be admitted of any naturalization by our laws, in any of the States, since the revolution, if before. In truth, the doctrine of the inherent and indefeasible duty of allegiance is asserted, so peremptorily, in the proclamation, that the lieutenant may think it his duty to impress every man who was born in the British dominions. It may be the opinion of
this learned judge, that the connexion between the king and the subject, is so sacred and divine, that allegiance cannot be dissolved by any treaty the king has made, or even by any act of Parliament. And this lious sentiment may subject us all to impressment, at once.—This, however, en passant.
The Lieutenant is to order the captain of the merchantman to lay before him a list of his crew; he is then to command the crew to be ordered or summoned, or mustered to pass in review before him. A tribunal ought to be erected. The lieutenant is to be the judge, possessed of greater authority than the Chief Justice of the United States. The Midshipman is to be Clerk, and the Boatswain Sheriff or Marshal. And who are these Lieutenants? Commonly very young Gentlemen, the younger sons of wealthy families, who have procured their commissions to give them an honourable living, instead of putting them apprentices to trade, merchandise, law, physick or divinity. Their education, their experience, their manners, their principles, are so well known, that I shall say nothing of them. Lord Keppel said, that he knew the maxim of British seamen to be, "to do no right and receive no wrong." The principles of the officers, I believe to be somewhat better; but, in this, they all seem to agree, officers and men, and their present ministry seem to be of the same opinion, that the world was made for the British nation, and that all nature and nations were created for the dignity and omnipotence of the British navy.
It is impossible to figure to ourselves, in imagination this solemn tribunal and venerable judge, without smiling till the humiliation of our country comes into our thoughts, and interrupts the sense of ridicule, by the tears of grief or vengeance.
"High on a splendid seat, which far outshone "Henley's gilt tub, or Pleenoe's Irish throne."
The Lieutenant examines the countenance the gait and air of every seaman. Like the sage of old, commands him to speak, "that he may know him." He pronounces his accent and dialect to be that of the Scotch, Irish, West Country, Yorkshire, Welsh, Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, or Sark. Many native Americans are the descendants of emigrants from all these countries, and retain a tincture of the language and pronunciation of their fathers and grand fathers. These will be decided to be the king's subjects. Many will be found to be emigrants, or the descendants of emigrants, from Germany, Holland, Sweden, France, Spain, Portugal or Italy. These will be adjudged by the Lieutenant, not to be native Americans. [Continued.]
RECENT OMISSIONS.
HARTFORD, MAY 4.
On receiving the intelligence, that England had at length yielded to the justice of necessity which demanded the revocation of her infamous Orders, a universal joy pervaded the Republicans of this city. That joy was announced as is customary on great occasions, by the ringing of the bell and the discharge of cannon. Federalists, astonished at news which must forever prove the baseness of their clamour and violence against the measures of our government, and mortified that all their efforts for embarrassing the country had become, even in the estimation of England, so entirely unavailing could not conceal the displeasure which preyed upon their hearts. Never before was there exhibited such a necessity for contrariety, between the language of the tongue and that of the countenance.—To have expressed displeasure with the accommodation, would have been a course too glaringly the reverse of what they had so long affected to desire. To have been reconciled at heart, to the new state of affairs, must have required their voluntarily welcoming events which they must have looked upon as sure to break in pieces the weapons of their opposition, and to blast, as with the dew of death, the hopes which have been cherished against the government and its laws, the constitution, and our national union.
[American Mercury.]
COMMERCE FREE.
It appears that immediately on the repeal of the orders in council, the French decrees, are also null and void; for the Milan decree, art. 4, declares, that it shall have no operation upon the commerce of that nation who shall force Great Britain to respect its national character; and "shall be abrogated and null in fact as soon as the English abide again by the principles of the laws of nations, which are the principles of justice and honour."—In other words, that the decrees shall cease to affect neutral commerce, as soon as the operation of the orders in council is stopped. Our government having compelled G. Britain "to abide again by the principles of the laws of nations," commerce will, of course, be unshackled after the 10th of June next.
[Phenix.]
So extremely jealous are some of the people of Great Britain of their liberties and property, and so limited within the bounds of economy are the expenditures even of the royal family, that the whole nation has been in an uproar because forsooth his Royal Highness the Duke of York, Commander in Chief, and Bishop of Osnaburgh, kept a Clarke at the publick expense. [Col. Detector.]

Political Miscellany.
From the NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
The predicted period has at length arrived for a dispassionate estimate of the measures, recently taken by the administration, in regard to our foreign relations. Inasmuch as the great mass of a community, are not gifted with the faculty of accurately associating causes with their effects; and as they are too generally played upon by a set of men actuated by personal, and often by sinister motives, it ought not to surprise us, that a temporary delusion is frequently excited, productive of impatience at, if not hostility to, the measures best fitted to promote their interests. It is, perhaps, inseparable from a free government, to have a body of men constantly in opposition, who, not contented with a virtuous resistance of encroachment and oppression generally, endeavor to effect their purposes by misrepresenting the motives, traducing the character, and distorting the measures of those who hold the reins of power. A mournful experience proves, that these men, in the zealous pursuit of their objects, will totally lose sight of the duties which they owe to their country, and even espouse with ardour the most unjust conduct of foreign governments. By these means the publick judgement is obscured, and a considerable portion of the community are led to ascribe all the evils they endure to those whom they have constituted the guardians of their rights, instead of imputing them to the unjust conduct of a foreign power, which but for the measures they condemn, would have oppressed them with a ten-fold violence. This has been strikingly the case with respect to the embargo. Those who imposed it, have been represented as abandoned to French influence, as unfriendly to commerce, as hostile to liberty. Great and respectable sections of the union have swallowed the poison, and have been almost inflamed into a paroxysm of passion, ready to seek its criminal gratification in raising its arm against its own government. But the bright day of judgement and retribution has at length arrived, when a virtuous nation will not withhold the tribute of its warmest thanks from an administration, whose sole ambition has ever been to advance the happiness of its constituents, even at the sacrifice of its present popularity. Thanks to the sage, who now so gloriously reposes in the shades of Monticello, and to those who share his confidence.
In pronouncing this judgement, every suggestion of magnanimity recommends a forbearance from opening anew the wounds which have so grievously irritated our friendship with Great-Britain. Generosity requires, that we should drop a veil over them. Justice, however, does not less forcibly call upon us, to estimate aright the causes which have led to the existing state of things, as opening to us a copious volume of experience, that may serve in future to irradiate our way.
In the first place, then, it may be boldly alleged, that the revocation of the British orders is attributable to the embargo. The non-intercourse act, connected with the partial repeal of the embargo, had not taken place when Mr. Oakley left England, nor was it expected to take place. On the contrary, there was every manifestation, on the part of our government, in all its departments, to adhere to the embargo, or to take the alternative of war. Votes to this effect had passed the two houses of congress by great majorities. Mr. Canning had, moreover, a short time before, virtually put the vote of his government on the proposition of ours to raise the embargo as to England, and retain it as to France, provided England rescinded her orders. As this is the precise proposition submitted by the non-intercourse act, it proves that there must have been some other cause for this veto, at the time it was pronounced by Mr. Canning. Mr. Canning, in fact, assigns a cause, by declaring that his government would not rescind her orders till France had withdrawn her decrees. And yet France has not withdrawn her decrees to this day. As the effect, then, is produced without the cause then assigned, it is evident that it must have flowed from other cause. That cause is the embargo. No other cause can be assigned. That it was quickened into activity by the disasters attending the British arms in Spain, may be true. But this proves nothing more, than that the embargo was an instrument, calculated to influence the conduct of foreign governments to us through the medium of contingent events. If I withhold my friendship from any one, it is not the particular act that injures him, by the effects flowing from it. So in the case of the embargo, it was the almost inevitable effects expected from it that recommended it as a measure, the best fitted, in all human probability to vindicate our rights by a solemn appeal to the interests of those who violated them. In this, and in this way only, was its efficacy contended for. It was said, that, while it secured our property by drawing it into our own bosom it would for a time avert war, during which time it would probably teach those who aggressed upon our rights, that their own interests dictated a removal of their aggressions.
Let us go back to the period when the embargo was laid. At that time England stood alone, (for Sweden is too trifling to form an exception,) among the nations of Europe. As far as a consolidation of power, unknown since the days of Charlemagne, could effect it, the trade of the continent was sealed to her. In this posture of affairs, she issued her orders in council, interdicting to us all continental trade. The embargo was the consequence.
In imposing the embargo, it was said that England would principally feel it— In the diminution of her manufactures. In the diminution of her trade. In the diminution of her taxes arising from imports.
In the want of naval supplies. In its effects on her colonies. We all recollect the immediate sensation produced by it in England. The table of the House of Commons was filled with remonstrances against the orders in council, and the gazettes overflowed with manifestations of the national sensibility. At this moment, when but a few months had elapsed, which had however afforded the best ground for the hope that the orders would soon be rescinded, the memorable Spanish revolution blazed out, and the British ministry seized it, without delay, as the good harbinger of brighter days. The popular flame was kindled on the side of the patriots, unprecedented exertions were made in their behalf, an immense army was raised, the navy increased, and the rich American as well as European possessions of Spain thrown open to England. Her languishing manufactures received new life blood, her commerce expended on a bolder wing, and she laughed at our folly in giving her a monopoly of the trade of the world. For a time things go on swimmingly—success inspires confidence, and we are sternly told, that the British orders will not be revoked till the French decrees are rescinded. While the tide of good fortune flowed thus impetuously, the impaired effects of the embargo, although far from inconsiderable are either lightly felt, or are submitted to in the hope of our soon abandoning it. It is resolved to see who can stand out the longest.
But this prosperous tide turns, with a revulsion equal to its original impetus; and now it is, that the florid complexion of hope is sickled o'er with the pale hue of melancholy. Reflection is substituted for action, and it is foreseen, perhaps, that the people of England, however able to support the animated exertions of courage, will sink under the required patience of fortitude. Fortunately, at this crisis, the intelligence reaches them, that the government of the United States, strong in the affections of the nation are determined not to relax; that a new magistrate had been elected by a vast majority, whose unbending course would pursue the same line with his predecessor; that the embargo would be continued, unless exchanged for war. Under these circumstances the British government wisely determines for peace with us. She feels the appeal carried to her interests; spontaneously renders reparation for the attack on the Chesapeake; and offers to rescind her Orders on our resuming a free commercial intercourse with her.
However, then, the appeal of the embargo to her interests was delayed, it was not frustrated, by the Spanish revolution. Had it been entirely frustrated by it, its wisdom could not have been impeached, as that revolution was an event not then to have been calculated upon. By the moment its abortion replaced things on the footing that preceded it, we find the appeal operating with a decisive, and irresistible force, conclusively demonstrating its wisdom. We repeat it, then, the revocation of the British Orders is strictly attributable to the Embargo.
From the Washington Monitor.
A GLANCE AT EUROPE.
The recent advices from Europe would induce a belief that a new war will take place. We can only speak hypothetically on the subject, for there is no positive intelligence. But, agreeably to present aspects, we conceive the state of European affairs to be nearly as follows:
Turkey, convinced of the hostile designs of Russia and France and urged by Austria has formed a treaty with England, which will necessarily involve her in a war with France.
Austria, sensible of a secret resolution on the part of France, to assail and subdue her to an inferior grade, has determined to rouse herself before the fatal hour arrives, and to perish, if perish she must, in the assertion of her rights.
The probability is, that there is an understanding between Turkey, Austria and England.
Under these circumstances, the plan of operations may be as follows:
Turkey to attack Russia, and draw off her attention and resources from assisting France.
The Swedes to distract the attention of Russia also in the north of Europe.
Austria to assail France.
The British to form flying marine and land corps in the Baltic and the Mediterranean; to land marauding parties, to bombard the maritime towns of France and her allies, to beat up their quarters in all directions; and by rendering it uncertain at what point they may begin or continue the assault, make it necessary for the Emperor of France to keep up a considerable force in all the seaports of the continent friendly to him.
Prussia may do something in this business, but not much.
At all events Europe seems destined to be torn by new wars, and for some time to come prevented from enjoying the blessings of peace. The recent reconciliation between England and America, will not make Great Britain any more desirous of a pacification than before.
Spain may be considered as subdued. Portugal has perhaps, by this time shared the same fate.
Partial opposition to king Joseph may still exist, but the back-bone of the Spanish cause is broken.
After all, however, some intrigue, some diplomatic stroke, some cunning political manœuvre, may suddenly bring about a general peace. A result, nevertheless, more to be hoped for than expected.
From the Boston chronicle.
Extract of a letter from the Country.
"As the federal papers constantly style Boston the head-quarters of good principles, it will be fortunate for us who live in the country, if you oftener gave evidences of the propriety of the appellation. But if we may judge from what almost daily takes place, there is scarcely a spot on the globe in which iniquity more abundantly abounds. The most flagitious acts are practised with impunity—crimes of the most abhorrent nature are patronised, or extenuated by those whose duty it is to punish them. The fact is, small rogues are sent to the State Prison, while men who depredated on society by defrauding the honest and industrious, are protected in their villainy or screened from the reach of justice.
"That some specimens of the old spirit which formerly characterised the citizens of Boston, remains among you, is readily admitted. We can sometimes recognize a countenance that retains that suavity of manners so peculiarly expressive of the urbanity of your former inhabitants; but they are so rare, that a man may walk through almost every street before he can be gratified with the pleasing sight of an old fashioned Bostonian—while every thing around him is so completely changed, that he seems transported into some foreign country. "High life below stairs, and low life above stairs," so alternately arrest the attention that every corner you turn presents such a variety of new objects as so bewildered and confound a person who has been a few years absent.
"These things however may be expected.—Changes of this kind are natural in all populous cities; but when honesty & integrity are almost as scarce to be found as the old inhabitants, it shows a radical defect in the moral and religious system. The industry of the merchant and tradesman in former days was rewarded with that security of payment, as world stimulate them to further exertions. Counterfeit money—bank bills exposed like paper kites, to be blown away by the breath of a knot of swindlers—Usurers, who stand ready to loan money on a mortgage of a poor man's house, at the enormous interest of 2 per cent. per month—Money changers, who are watching the ebb and flow of bank discounts—All these evils were avoided in old times, and when the honest tradesman shopkeeper and merchant obtained his pay, he could deposit the currency in his purse, and feel a security, that he could realize its value whenever his family had a call for it. But the sad reverse of these happy times we daily experience—every mail brings us some tidings of a disastrous nature with respect to our circulating currency. The situation of the country has become very deplorable from the various changes which take place in Boston by money speculators. We hear of a huge building erected on the ruins of a number of houses formerly occupied by industrious citizens—This edifice has risen on the fall of upwards five or six hundred thousand dollars of bank bills circulated in almost every part of the northern states. These bills were passed off to the workmen in full compensation for their labour. The bills after answering all the purposes of the proprietor, are left as so much waste paper in the possession of those, who earned them by the sweat of their brow. Though the building has now become the resort of all the fashionable circles in their amusements and carousals, yet the whole amount of bills which paid for it would not hire a room within the spacious mansion for one year. This unprecedented act of fraud and swindling, is viewed however with indifference, as the sufferers are principally among those who have no friends to help them, or to put them in a direction to obtain compensation. Thus great rogues go free, while little rogues are punished, which is evident by the sentences we frequently hear passed on those unfortunate culprits, who are destined to the severe punishment of the State Prison.
"We were in hopes that this disaster of the Farmer's Exchange Bills, would have checked for a while any further impositions arising from a stoppage of the Banks—but alas! this week a new alarm has arisen—another bank was proclaimed by the last mail had stopped payment. The melancholy tale came upon us as sudden as an earthquake, and caused almost as much terror—each shop-keeper, tavern-keeper, laborer, and even the parson began to rummage their pocket-books to explore the extent of their misfortunes and every countenance gathered paleness during the important period of their researches. We understand the alarm has nearly subsided in expectation that the bills are payable; but the situation in which a community can be thrown by a combination of speculators shows the fallacious principles on which our banks are founded. Instead of the next General Court spending their time in exciting a civil war between the respective states, abusing the federal government, or electioneering for Christopher Gore, we hope they will be desirous to establish some permanent plan with respect to our banks to prevent rogues and swindlers from ruining the honest part of the community. Lt. Gov. Lincoln brought this subject before the court; but your 32 Representatives were more employed in abusing the President than in serving their constituent. If they had been more engaged in remedying these bank evils and less in plans for dissolving the Union they would have done more benefit to the citizens of the Commonwealth. If Mr. Gore had been less passionate on the embargo and more zealous on Bank impositions he would have appeared more in the character of an honest representative anxious for the real good of the community. His election however did not depend on the unfortunate holders of counterfeit or depreciated bills; if it had, they possibly might have arrested his notice. The nabs who support him are not the sufferers in this paper swindling.
(To be continued.)
The free and patriotic American, who has the welfare of his country at heart, must delight to turn his eyes to the cheering prospect which now opens to his view. With inexpressible satisfaction must he perceive the incontrovertible evidence of the superiority of a Republican form of government over that of any other. Under an imperial or aristocratic system, this country would have been involved in numberless and destructive wars, from the embarrassing situation in which it has been placed, and the dangers which have encompassed it. But, the stability of republicanism has surmounted them all, and America begins to recover her prosperity. The real patriot cannot fail to felicitate himself, when he observes, that by the wisdom and firmness of JEFFERSON, MADISON, and the Republican Congress, the perils which have lately threatened the Republic begin to disappear; and "brighter prospects open on the view." He sees too, with increased pleasure, that it will have a tendency to allay the litigious spirit of party, and to restore to our country that harmony and repose of which she has been so long bereft.
The operation of the Embargo, and the failure of the English arms in Spain, have restored to America her commercial intercourse with England. May this propitious event be speedily followed by the restitution of a good understanding with France, and the rest of the world. We shall then have abundant cause to hail with joyous acclamations the administrations of JEFFERSON and MADISON, and the happy effects of which they have been productive.
We will ask any American, whether a "fifteen months Embargo," with all its attendant, horrors, real and imaginary, is not preferable to a war, the duration of which it would be impossible to calculate; a war, which might deluge our country for a series of years? Whether an embargo, to save the property and lives of our people, and to expedite the settlement of differences, is not much preferable to a war, either with France or England? Whether the American Government did not make the most prudent choice, when, by the intemperance of contending powers, they were reduced to three alternatives?—Let the reasonable part of the opposition take a view of the conduct of the Administration, and ask themselves if they could have pointed out a better course.
[Chronicle.]
Duke of York, and Mrs. Clarke.—William Cobbet, in his political Register of February 18, makes the following remarks upon this subject:—
"Now is the time for the people to ask the reviewers of Sir Francis Burdett, whether he was so very much to blame, when he told the electors of Westminster, that no good was to be expected, till we could "tear out the leaves of the accursed Red Book." Colonel French, and Colonel Knight, and Capt. Donavan, and Capt. Sanden, and Mr. Dowler, and the rest of the numerous petticoat patronised crew, are all to be found in that Red Book, the leaves of which, he wished to tear out. His voice will, I trust, now be heard by those who were before misled; if, indeed, there could be any such. I trust that now, the venal declaimers about "Jacobinism," will no longer be able to blind the understanding of any man however simple that man may be. The man, who now affects to believe, that a deep rooted system of corruption does not prevail, must be an arrant knave; and of course, none but an arrant knave will affect to believe that a reform of that system, and a speedy one too, is not only necessary to the preservation of the throne, as well as of the remaining liberties of the people. But, in the mean time, and, indeed as necessarily conducive to this reform, let the people bear in mind, that it is their money that has been sported with; that it was not Colonel French's money, nor Mr. Dowler's money, that the duke of York's kept mistress took, and that was expended upon her footmen, chariots, musicians, singers, players, dancers, parasites, pimps and bawds, but in the end the money of the people. This is the important truth for them to keep in view. Let every father of a family consider how much less, from this cause, he will have to bequeath his children. When those, who formerly lived in affluence from the rent of their estates, reflect how they have been obliged to dismiss servant after servant; sell horse after horse; abridge pot after pot of the ale that formerly gladdened the heart of the comers; aye, and to cut down tree after tree, and to sell acre after acre; let all such persons, when with aching heart, they so reflect, think of Mrs. Clarke, and the services of plate, and the wine glasses, at a guinea a peice, and the rattling carriages, and the laced footmen and the musicians, and the singing boys, and the players and the dancers, and the pimps, and the bawds in Gloucester place; and let every mind in the kingdom be fixed upon the scene described by Miss Taylor, every tongue repeat and every ear tingle at the words, "How does French behave to Darling?" Darling! How many a widowed mother has had to pronounce that word over a child, driven from beneath her roof by the penury produced by these and similar corruptions! Look into families, once respectable in point of fortune, and you find them consisting of a crowd of helpless females unable to work and ashamed to beg; the sons all forced away, for want of the means possessed by their father to seek a subsistence from patronage, to get back again some small portion of what their father had paid in taxes, and in order to succeed, creeping to those whom that father would have despised; nay, perhaps the last stake of the family is converted into a bribe for a whore, while a score of breasts are filled with anxiety lest the sum should not be sufficient. Thus has the nation been degraded; its spirit subdued; its heart broken; and its property rendered a prey to the infamous reptiles, who at last stand exposed to its execrations, and who, I trust, are at no great distance from the hour of feeling the effects of its vengeance. I mean not the vengeance of a mob, but the steady, sober, and deliberate vengeance of the law."
[Such is the notice by William Cobbet, of the disgraceful profligacy and hopes of British royalty. Good heaven! how the flesh creeps and the soul sickens at the crimes of this royal scoundrel. But that he should be scourged by Porcupine for his misdeeds, is next to a miracle!] [N. Y. Aurora.]
A CASE IN POINT.
The federalists pretend to take to themselves all the credit of effecting a settlement of our differences with Britain. They attribute it to that pitiful howling which was kept up at Washington by the minority in Congress, who were for succumbing to G. Britain, and for yielding implicitly to her decrees. They say it was also caused by the whims

and canting, and the puling lamentations of the Eastern states, who were so afraid of being starved in the midst of plenty in their own land, that they bravely joined not to fight the enemy, but if possible to force their own country to a disgraceful submission. And yet these travellers pretend to say, that their cowardice has brought Britain to terms. Mary! but it reminds me of a tale with which my old nurse amused my infancy, and which in her name I will relate to those "old boys" who compose "all the talents" of this fighting party. They are respectfully requested to make the application.
A FABLE.
A Horse and an Ass were once jogging on quietly together, when they were all at once started by the roaring of a Lion. "Zooks," cried the Ass, "but this is a pretty scrape we have got into: this same Lion is a most tremendous passionate old fellow. I know him by his roar, we had better submit at once, perhaps he'll let us off for a rip in our flank, or a bite of our buttocks." "Not I," replied the Horse, "as long as I have this good hoof, I'll submit to no Lion in the world. Let us but stand by one another, and I warrant we'll give him some trouble." The Lion now approached. The Horse put himself on the defensive—but the Ass cringed down and fell to braying most piteously: nay, we are even told he gave the Horse two or three sly blows, to gain the favour of the Lion. The Horse however, made no ado, but wheeling round, gave the Lion such a hearty kick in the ribs, as laid him sprawling, and then trotted quietly on his way. The Ass got up as soon as he could and jogged on hard after him, and when out of danger, "s'blood," cried he, "how I pepered him!" "You," said the horse, indignantly, "you peppered him! What do you mean, bawling poltroon that you are?" "Mean!" replies the Ass—"Why that it was me who conquered the Lion— Damme, did'n you hear how I bray'd! " [ N. Y. Aurora. ]
BY MAIL.
KENTUCKY.
LEXINGTON, APRIL 11.
On Monday morning next at the court house in Lexington, Henry Fenk proposes to exhibit the model, and explain the principles of the Perpetual Motion, discovered by him, which will tend to remove every doubt of its success from the minds of those who may think proper to attend.
PENNSYLVANIA.
PHILADELPHIA, MAY 8.
Yesterday arrived the Spanish brig Palafox, Drago, 14 days from Havana, with 35 French passengers, once more drove to take security under the vine and fig tree of the United States.
By her we learn that the insurrection of the rabble was so much quelled by government, that those that had not embarked were in some manner safe, till they could get an opportunity to leave the Island, which they were all doing as fast as possible.
Flour was selling at Havana for 22 dols. with the duty and 10 dols. without; for exportation, it would bring 12 dollars.
All foreigners of every description, except English and Americans are ordered to quit the Island of Cuba, great numbers of which have sailed for different parts of the United States.
NEW-YORK.
NEW-YORK, MAY 10.
The ship Richard, Capt. Ridgeway, arrived here last evening, in 13 days from St. Bartholomews, and capt. R. informed us, that on the 17th of April, at 8 P. M. the Saints capitulated to Admiral Cochrane, after 2 days bombardment; that the French fleet, of three sail of the line, and two frigates, under the command of Commodore Troude, from L'Orient, which were blockaded in the Saints, made their escape on the 16th, the frigates, which were laden with provisions, had got into Basseterre, Guadalupe; all the Line of Battle ships, had gone to Sea. The island of Guadalupe had been declared in a state of blockade.
Captain R. further informs that on the 26th of April a letter was received in St. Bartholomews, from a very respectable House in St. Kitts, which stated that the King of Sweden, had been assassinated by his subjects! and that Swedish vessels were not admitted to an Entry, with any description of cargoes, in any of the British Islands.
FIRE. —Yesterday morning about half past 4 o'clock a fire broke out in a cluster of wooden buildings in Chatham-street, between Tryon Row and Dume-street, and before it was got under destroyed between 20 and 30 wooden houses, nearly the whole block. The principal sufferer was Mr. Lorillard, who lost several thousand dollars worth of Tobacco. For nearly an hour after the fire was discovered there was a distressing want of water and even a want of help. [ Ev. Post. ]
MAY 12.
A passenger in the ship United States, which arrived at Alexandria on Monday from St. Bartholomews, informs, that the English had commenced the bombardment of the Saints a few days before he sailed. The 3 French men of war that had escaped from the Saints had succeeded in getting into Guadalupe and landed a supply of provisions and men, and had sailed again from that place. The morning the ship sailed a gentleman came on board and informed that a vessel had arrived from St. Thomas, which brought accounts of the capture of St. Domingo by the British. It was expected that Guadalupe would not stand out long, the British had commenced the bombardment.
SOUTH-CAROLINA. CHARLESTON, APRIL 1. On the 17th ult. as Colonel Elijah Nunn, Sheriff of Chester district, in execution of his office, went to take Samuel Floyd, in a civil case with a bail writ for debt due by said Floyd. Colonel Nunn found Floyd in a field ploughing; he took out the writ to read to said Floyd, upon which said Floyd discharged a large load of buckshot, about 10 feet distance, at the Colonel, which entered his breast and passed through him. The murderer confessed the fact, and gave himself up to justice, and is now confined in irons in Chester gaol. Col. Nunn has left a widow, and a large family of children to lament his loss.
NEWPORT:
WEDNESDAY, MAY 17, 1809.
IT might perhaps be considered preposterous and unfair that American newspapers should continue to expatiate on the subject of British aggressions and insults, when it is considered they are willing to make restitution. But when we reflect that the grossest violations of our rights by that government and people, have been strenuously supported, and with the most bare-faced sophistry justified by the Federal prints in this country, we cannot withhold expressions of contempt and detestation. When we see Britain herself acknowledging the errors of her conduct towards us, (those very acts which were supported by the Federal party,) it is not enough to rouse the honest indignation of every real American! The late infringements of our rights, should occasionally be brought forward, that this desperate faction, who can see nothing criminal in any part of Britain's conduct towards us, but every thing disgraceful in our own, may be reminded of the shameful principles they have supported—that even their darling government, has not the effrontery to support measures, which has found unblushing advocates in our own country.
Massachusetts Representatives.
GREAT hopes are entertained that there will be a Republican majority in the House of Representatives of Massachusetts. Should this event take place, we hope to see many shameful abuses of power rectified, which have been put in practice, by the instigation of the Boston and Essex Junto. We hope, however, let who will gain the ascendancy, a little more attention will be paid to the regulation of banks, and bank speculators and intriguers, and that the time and talents of the members will not be wasted in attempting to foment insurrections among the good people of Massachusetts.
COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT.
"HAVANA, APRIL 23, 1809.—The President, governor and captain general, together with the intendant of this Island, and with the advice and consent of a council, held here on the 5th inst. and communicated to the collector of the customs on the 15th of same month, have determined as follows.
That as regards this island, it is hereby ordered that neutral vessels only and those of the British, our allies, can enter the ports of Havana, Matanzas, St. Lago de Cuba and Trinidad.
That Spanish vessels may depart from all the ports of clearances in the island, for those of neutral countries and of our said allies.
And finally that the goods, wares and merchandise, which shall or may be imported from neutral ports or those of our said allies, into the above mentioned four ports of this island, may be freely carried from one place to another on the said island without any new duties. This information is published for the government of all concerned in trade, or who may be disposed to engage therein during the actual state of affairs. Havana, April 18, 1809. (Signed) ISLA, Collector."
THE CONSCRIPT MILITIA DISBANDED.
The following is a Circular from the Secretary at War, to the several Governors, for disbanding the Militia:—
"War Department, April 29th, 1809.
"Sir—I am directed by the President of the United States to inform your Excellency that the detachment of 3,956 Militia, made in pursuance of a communication to your Excellency from this department, bearing date the 2d of November, 1808, is no longer required to be held in readiness for actual service.
"In the orders which your Excellency will give for discharging the troops from that service, it is requested by the President, that his thanks may be presented to those corps whose patriotism has induced them to volunteer their services to the United States. I have the honour to be, very respectfully, your Excellency's obedient servant.
W. EUSTIS.
"Secretary for the Department of War."
Gen. Bright, and the other citizens of the militia, of Pennsylvania, who were sentenced to fine and imprisonment for resisting the execution of the laws of the United States, in the case of Olmstead, are released; the President of the U. S. having in special form remitted both species of penalty, considering the law as satisfied, as far as relates to those citizens, who acted under the erroneous orders of the governor of the state.— Aurora.
How disgusting it is to see federalists paying court to President Madison and meanly flattering the patriot whom they have vilely slandered. The policy is too shallow for concealment. They hope either to entice Mr. Madison to leave the ranks of Republicanism or by exciting jealousy among his friends, induce them to desert him. In both these objects they must assuredly fail. We cheerfully subscribe to whatever virtues they suddenly discover and point out in Madison, but we will not patiently suffer them to detract from the merit of Jefferson, or endeavour to make a contrast of characters exactly similar. [ Register. ]
Massachusetts Agriculture Society.
AT a Meeting of the Trustees of the Massachusetts Society for promoting Agriculture, held on the 29th of April, 1809: Voted , That there shall be paid out of the Treasury of this Society, to the person, or persons, who shall import into this commonwealth, directly from the Kingdom of Spain, the first 5 RAMS, of the Merino breed, the sum of 50 dollars each; and for the first 10 EWES of the same breed, the sum of 25 dollars each, as a bounty on such importation.
The person or persons claiming the said premiums, or any portion of them, to produce satisfactory evidence to the said Trustees, that the Rams or Ewes, respectively, for which such premium is claimed, have been bona fide sold to Farmers, citizens of Massachusetts, and that no more than one Ram and two Ewes have been disposed of to the same person.
Published by order of the Trustees,
DUDLEY A. TYNG. Sec'y
THOMAS PECKHAM, jun. esq. late Deputy Collector for the District of Bristol, is appointed to that office for the District of Providence. Mr. Peckham is a man of unquestionable integrity, and allowed to be one of the most correct and expeditious officers in the United States. [ Register. ]
CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS.
The following is a complete list of the Representatives from Virginia, in the Eleventh Congress.—There are sixteen members elected, friends of the administration, two Randolphites, and four Federalists. In the Tenth Congress, there were four Randolphites, one Federalist, and seventeen Supporters of the Administration. So after all the vaunting and boasting of the Opposition, the Friends of Government have lost but one member, and have gained a great accession of talents:—
Republicans —John W. Eppes, Wilson C. Nicholas, John Clopton, Thomas Gholson, jun. William A. Burwell, Walter Jones, John Smith, Thomas Newton, jun. Burwell Bassett, Peterson Goodwyn, John G. Jackson, John Love, Matthew Clay, John Dawson, John Randolph, Edwin Gray—all reelected.
John Roane, vice James M. Garnett; Daniel Sheffey, vice Abraham Trigg.
Federalists —Joseph Lewis, Jun. re-elected James Stephenson, vice John Morrow; John Breckenridge, vice Alexander Wilson; Jacob Swoope, vice David Holmes.
* This gentleman is set down ta federal account in federal papers—so was Governor Huntington, of Ohio!
It appears by a file of Bermuda papers, which we yesterday received from a friend, that there is a dispute between the Governor and Council. In the address of the General Assembly of Bermuda to the Governor, we find the following passage.
"We are truly sensible of the real distress and alarm in which the greater part of the community, and more particularly the poorer classes thereof, are at the present moment involved for the want of food, and this distress and alarm affect us the more when we reflected that it might have been prevented, had your Excellency not extended your favour to certain individuals by allowing them to export, contrary to your own Embargo or Prohibitory Proclamations, a considerable quantity of provisions, while there was a prospect of an approaching famine. As no calamity can exceed that of starvation, we certainly are desirous and ready to adopt any and every measure of relief within our power."
A paper printed at Carthage, Tennessee, asserts that a large bed of ore had been discovered in Overton county in that state, and not more than 55 miles from Carthage, which appears rich with silver—it adds that several dollars had been made there: if without the authority of the United States, of which there is every presumption, the coinage is contrary to law. Such a discovery would scarcely be considered as "valuable." Gold and silver mines have hitherto promoted in a very inconsiderable degree the real prosperity of any nations who owned them. They have generally produced an opposite effect. The Abbe Raynal, we believe, who justly remarks that during the ancient ages, the silver mines of Spain, then the richest known to the civilized world occasioned the Spaniards to fall a prey to the Carthaginians—the Carthaginians soon after fell a prey to the Romans—and that in modern times, the rich mines of Peru have reduced the natives under the yoke of Spain, and contributed to reduce Spain to the lowest political degeneracy. If such be the effects of these discoveries, may these splendid pests remain forever concealed within the caverns of the United States!!
There is a woman residing in Vienna 40 years old, and 20 years married, whom at eleven births had thirty-two children, of whom twenty-eight are now living. [ N. Y. Weekly Museum. ]
MARRIED,
At Portsmouth, by the Rev. Mr. Eddy, Mr. JOE LAWTON, to Miss MARY PECKHAM, both of that place.
At Providence, Mr. PEREZ O. RICHMOND, to Miss ELIZABETH BOURS, daughter of JOHN BOURS, all of this place.
At Providence, WILLIAM PECKHAM, Esq. to Mrs. MARY POTTER.
DIED,
At Middletown, on Monday last, Mrs. MARY SWEET, consort of Mr. George Sweet. Her funeral will be this afternoon, at 2 o'clock. The relations and friends of the family are respectfully invited to attend.
At Newark, N. J. Mrs. JACKSON, wife of the Rev. Mr. Jackson, of Bloomfield. They attended service at the Presbyterian Church that evening, and were
on their return home in a chair; the night being dark, the horse unfortunately left the road, and went off the side of the bank, a height of about ten feet. Mr. Jackson was precipitated a considerable distance, and received no material injury; but Mrs. Jackson was thrown near the horse's feet. Entangled in the harness, the horse began kicking; and before any assistance could be rendered Mrs. J. several fractures were made in her skull, and she expired instantly. She has left a large family to mourn this sudden and awful bereavement.
At Nantucket, Mr. GEORGE FOLGER, jun. Cashier of the Nantucket Bank.—Mrs. MARSHALL, consort of Capt. THOMAS MARSHALL.—Mr. THOMAS AS COFFIN.
At Hanover, (N. H.) Rev. JOHN SMITH, D. D. Professor of the Learned Languages in Dartmouth College.
At Littleborough, (Mass.) Mr. JOHN SHEPPARD, aged 105.—Mrs. MERIAM COBB, aged 92.
At New-York, Mrs. JANE READ, aged 95.—She resided in the city the whole of her life, except a few years in the revolutionary war.
In North-Carolina, Gen. HENRY W. HARRINGTON, aged 62, a revolutionary officer.
In Virginia, JOHN MADISON, nephew of the President.
At London, THOMAS HOLCROFT, Esq. aged 61—a celebrated literary character, author of High Tea , ever , the " Road to Ruin ," &c.
MARINE LIST.
PORT OF NEWPORT.
Entered —Spanish brig La Arrogancia Castellana, T'Card, Havana: do. Polly, Brown, ditto. Spanish ship Espanola Alianza, Burdet, Havana, cargo molasses and sugar to Lopez & Dexter; sloop Unicorn, Briggs, Plymouth: do. Jenne, Custis, Washington: do. Industry, Boughton, Edenton: do. Juno, Savery New-York.
Cleared —Swedish schooner John, Denison, St. Bartholomews: do. Express, Wood, ditto. brig Marian Green, Norfolk: sloop Aurora, Calhoun, New-York: do. Minerva, Biven, do.: do. Polly, Phinney, Sand-wich.
FOR PHILADELPHIA, NORFOLK, or SOUTH-CAROLINA,
THE sch. PRESIDENT, now at Woop's wharf, will sail on or before the 25th instant. For Freight or Passage, apply to the master, on board, or to WILLIAM G. BURROUGHS, 80, Thames-Street. May 17.
SALE AT AUCTION.
THE Dwelling-House, No. 50, Bridge-street, advertised by BENJ. HAMMOND, on the last page of this day's paper, will be sold at Publick Auction, on WEDNESDAY next, 24th inst. If not previously sold at private sale. May 17.
To be Sold at PUBAICK AUCTION,
On THURSDAY, the 1st day of June next, at 11 o'clock, A. M. on the premises.
THE DWELLING-HOUSE and LOT of LAND, now occupied by capt. SIMON DAVIS, situated in Spring-Street, at the corner of Mill-Street.
Also—a three-story Store, nearly new, on ROBERT STEVENS' wharf, built of the best of materials, fitted with a wheel, and in excellent order—together with sundry articles therein. The store may be seen and examined any day previous to the sale.
Conditions made known at the sale. SILAS DEAN, Auct'r. May 17.
HENRY Y. CRANSTON, & CO.
No. 15, Market-Square, HAVE just received for sale—75 bbls. Alexandria superfine and fine Flour, of a superior inspection; and 50 bbls. first quality Ship Bread. May 17.
NEW HOTEL.
THE publick are informed that the subscriber has taken the house formerly occupied by Mr. OLIVER VANNS, north of the State House, in Broad-Street, where Parties and Clubs may be accommodated with private rooms, &c. Suppers prepared on Short notice. Persons may be accommodated with Boarding and Lodging. All kinds of refreshments provided; and good accommodations for horses, &c.
Pastery and Cake of various kinds, together with Porter, Mead and Beer, constantly at hand.
Families can be supplied with Calves head Soup, dressed turtle fashion, every Friday. Calves-Feet Jelly kept for sale. Cordials, of various kinds, a constant supply.
As the subscriber has been at considerable trouble and expence in obtaining one of the first Cooks from the city of New-York, he flatters himself he shall receive a portion of the publick patronage. Every attention will be paid to those who may visit his house, were the smallest favour will be gratefully acknowledged by the publick's most obedient servant,
CATO BARKER.
N. B. Horses and Carriages, to let. Newport, May 17, 1809.
THERMOMETER LOST.
THE Subscriber missing his THERMOMETER on Monday evening, supposes some boy has taken it, (who probably does not know its value.) Whoever may have it, and will return it, shall be rewarded by SAMUEL KING. Newport, May 17.
GIRL WANTED.
WANTED—a GIRL, to do house work in a small family—Apply at this Office. May 17.

Poetry.
[The following highly descriptive little Poem, is said to be the production of King James the First.]
THE BEGINNING OF SPRING.
DOWN from the mountains with impetuous noises, Rush the loud torrents like a thousand voices, See, in huge fragments, with a crush dissolving, Valleys involving.
Under the Hawthorn, or the rude accretions, In dapple clusters shoots the polyanthos, And the blue boy of Rephros and Apollo, Shortly shall follow.
Roll'd in the vale, the playful horses dally, Feasting on flowers enamelling the valley, And thy white leaf delights the grazing lily, Daily down dilly.
AMUSING MISCELLANY.
FROM THE ANTHOLOGY.
Original Letters, from an American Traveller in Europe, to his friends in this country.
LETTER SIXTH.
Florence, Feb. 15, 1805.
MY DEAR SISTER,
THE Roman poets had more colour for placing the palaces of the Gods of the winds in caverns, than I once believed. Virgil's description of the cave of Æolus is one of the most whimsical efforts of human fancy, which I ever read. He represents the deity as confining the winds in bags, and letting them out, as occasion might require, as a retailer would a bushel of peas. I find, however, that he had some ground to believe, that the winds had their origin in the bowels of the earth. On the road from Rome to this city between Narni and Terni, you pass the little town of Cesi or Cesium, an ancient village, romantically situated at the foot of a rocky mountain, which appears to threaten it with destruction. From the centre of this mountain through certain apertures or caverns, issues constantly a pure, cold, refreshing wind, so extremely grateful in this warm climate, that the inhabitants convey it in pipes like water, to their cellars, to moderate the heat of their climate, and to preserve their wines and fruit.
A few miles on this side of Foligno you pass the little town of Assisi, famous throughout Italy, France, and Spain, as the birthplace of St. Francis. If it had been your good fortune to have been born in a Roman Catholic (or as they say, a Christian ) country, I should have no occasion to explain to you what St. Francis has done to render his birth-place, an object of so much interest; but as you have not had that happiness, I must inform you, that St. Francis was the founder of that extensive, rigid, self-mortifying order, called Franciscans. It should recur to Catholic legends for the works of this extraordinary saint, who was canonized before his death, I should recount a succession of miracles far greater and more astonishing, than any which our Saviour or his apostles thought proper to perform. I should tell you of his having preached to swallows, and of his having made a woman out of snow, and a thousand other tales, the recital of which would be only a repetition of the many proofs of human folly and credulity. But what he did in fact perform, worthy of astonishment, was to institute, at the age of twenty-five years, an order of monks the most rigid; and by his talents, zeal, and real or affected piety, to render it so popular, as that, in ten years after its foundation, it counted five thousand brethren to a general convention at Rome, besides the vast numbers who remained in the convents. This order was instituted in 1209, and has subsisted in full force from that period to the present, except in France. There are supposed to be at the present time forty or fifty thousand monks of this order.
These men lead a life of great severity and mortification even at the present day. I do not believe the tales, which are generally propagated of their extreme licentiousness. That there are bad men in their society, as in all others, cannot be doubted; but as the smallest deviations from propriety, are noticed in men who lay claim to a character of extraordinary sanctity; as we feel shocked to see men, who have separated themselves from the rest of mankind, for the performance of sacred functions, acting only with what we should call levity in other men, it is very extraordinary that these religious orders should have retained so large a share of publick respect. Generally speaking, the Capuchins, Franciscans, and other religious orders, are still looked up to with respect, and in some instances, veneration. They certainly have fewer temptations than other men; they are secluded, generally, from objects which allure the senses, and inflame the passions. They are occupied more than one half of their time, by night as well as by day, in acts of devotion; and I will not think so ill of human nature, as to believe, that such habits have no tendency to purify the heart and amend the morals, even if they are not performed with the most correct views and impressions.
In the severest weather these monks go bare-headed, they have no stockings, and only a sandal on the bottom of the foot. Their dress consists of a coarse woolen robe, without any linen under it to defend the skin. In their convents they admit but little light. Their windows never look towards the busy world. Their cells are small, and their chief ornaments are a crucifix and a human skull. Go in at any hour, which you can do freely and without notice, and you will usually find them at their devotions. They abstain from all animal food. Towards their fellow men they are meek and humble. They assume no airs from the respectability and wealth of their order. They still preserve the ancient employment of mendicancy, and the habit of begging alms has no tendency to inflame human pride. It will occur to you, no doubt, to ask, what motives have these men thus to mortify themselves, and to lead so abstemious a life, in countries where the doctrines of religion do not inculcate it as necessary to salvation?
In the first institution of the order, they were impelled by that enthusiasm, which sectaries invariably discover; by a desire of aggrandizing their order, and that esprit du corps, inseparable from all associations of men, more especially religious establishments.
The age in which it originated was filled with enthusiasm and superstition. Crusades, pilgrimages, and self mortification were considered the surest roads to heaven. Since these motives, which produced and favoured the order, have ceased to operate, others less violent, but uniform and steady, have succeeded.
The orders are now wealthy and powerful; they possess the finest edifices in Europe; the noblest churches; the most romantic spots; the choicest lands; the most valuable rents. They possess every thing, which can gratify the taste or ambition of man. The Carthusians at Naples lately made a present to the king, of 60,000 dollars, out of their annual revenues.
To be a member of such powerful bodies, even on the condition of personal mortification and self-denial, is gratifying to human pride. Another powerful principle in human nature, operates in favour of these establishments; I mean the love of idleness. The revenues of the convent afford a certain, and never-failing subsistence; but the most powerful operating principle in favour of entering these orders, is ambition. It is one of the roads to ecclesiastical preferment, and the only one which is open to the common people in these countries.
[Continued.]
NOTICE.
WHEREAS the keeper of the Hospital on Coaster's Harbour , is about leaving it; and it is the opinion of the Town Council that some suitable person should go immediately. Application may be made to JONATHAN ALMY , Town Clerk.
SAMUEL VINSON , President April 5. Town Council.
NOTICE is hereby given, that MARY TAGGART , of Newport , sole Executrix of the last will and testament of SAMUEL C. TAGGART , late of said Newport , mariner, deceased, hath taken upon herself that trust and given bonds as the law requires. All persons having lawful demands against the estate of said deceased, are requested to exhibit them, and those indebted to make immediate payment to the subscriber, who is legally empowered by letter of attorney from said Executrix, to conduct the administration upon said estate.
HENRY Y. CRANSTON. Newport, April 19, 1809.
State of Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations.
THE Creditors of JOHN S. HAMMOND , of Newport , House-Carpenter, are hereby notified to appear, if they shall think fit, at the General Assembly, to be holden at Newport , on the fourth Monday of June next, then and there to show cause, if any they may have why his petition, for the benefit of an act, passed in 1756, for the relief of insolvent debtors, ought not be granted.
SAMUEL EDDY , Secretary. Newport, May 6, 1809.
TO BE LET,
And immediate possession given.
THAT pleasant and commodious Room, corner of Mill and Thames-Streets , hitherto occupied by the subscriber as an office. It is unquestionably by far the best situation for a publick office, of any in the town—and at small expence, might be fitted for a dry goods store. For terms apply to
PAUL M. MUMFORD.
May 9.
TAKE NOTICE.
THE Subscriber offers for sale, his Estate, situated No. 47 and 48, Long-Wharf . The peculiar advantages attached to this Estate are many and important:—there are 4 Lots, extending 160 feet by 80; the Building is 80 by 30 feet; two stories high; is an excellent frame and in good repair. The building is occupied as a Grocery Store, Dwelling-House, and Tailor's Shop; and is indisputably one of the best stands for business in Newport . This Building is remote from any other, and there cannot be any other one erected near it; which, in a wooden town, like this, is an important consideration. For a small sum of money, there may be built one of the most convenient Lumber Yards, extending from the Street South, over the water, that there is in this place. In fact, the estate is capable of very great improvement; and, considering the increase of business on the point, especially on the Long-Wharf , within a very few years, and the more than probability of its becoming, very shortly, what it formerly was, the Seat of Business; owing to the good condition of the Stores, Wharves, and depth of Water; this Estate may justly be ranked among the first and most advantageous in Newport , for business.
ALSO—His Stock in Trade, consisting of GROCERIES, &c.
SAMUEL ALLEN.
Newport, April 26, 1809.
FOR SALE,
THAT pleasant situation South of Brick Market , about 60 feet on Thames-street , extends about 400 feet west, with a small Wharf. There are two large and very commodious Dwelling-Houses, one fronting on Thames-street , No. 97 and 99, with two convenient Shops in front; the other stands west, very well calculated for two families.
Also—A Lot of Land, at the south-east part of the town, containing three quarters of an acre. Good title will be given.
JOSEPH ALLEN.
Newport, April 26.
FOR SALE,
A DWELLING HOUSE, No. 50, situated on Bridge Street , with a good Cellar and Shop adjoining, suitable for a Cabinet-maker; yard, garden, stable, and a good well of water. For further particulars, inquire of
BENJ. HAMMOND.
Newport, March 22, 1809.
APPRENTICE WANTED.
WANTED an Apprentice, to the Baking business. A smart active Lad about 12 or 13 years of age, who can produce good recommendation, may hear of a situation by applying at the office of the Rhode-Island Republican .
N. B. One from the country would be preferred. May 10.
ONE DOLLAR REWARD.
RANAWAY from the subscriber, on the 27th of March last, an indentured Boy, by the name of GILBERT RICKETSON . All persons are therefore hereby forbid harbouring or advancing said boy any thing on my account. Whoever will apprehend said Boy, and return him to me, shall receive one dollar reward, and no charges paid.
STEPHEN BROWNELL , 2d.
Little Compton, May 3, 1809.
Benj. & Solomon G. Weaver, HATTERS,
TAKE this method to inform their friends and the publick in general, they have REMOVED from No. 90 to No. 91, nearly opposite their old stand, and directly opposite JAMES MUMFORD's dry goods store—where they have just received from New-York , an addition to their former stock, selected by themselves, which makes their assortment of MEN's, YOUTH's and CHILDREN's HATS, as good as was ever offered from any store in Newport , all which they intend to sell as low as can be purchased in this town. Newport, April 19.
JAMES MUMFORD,
Sign of the Bee Hive , No. 88, Thames-Street , HAS just opened a variety of GOODS—among which are—lace and dotted Muslins; Leno do.; white and coloured Cambricks; a complete assortment of corded and plaid Ginghams of the newest fashion; Gentleman's superfine Vest Patterns; Washington Stripes; Cotton Cassimeres; Cambric Dimities; Calicoes, newest prints; best 9-8 London Prints; Silk Chambrays; variety of cotton Handkerchiefs; ladies' and gentlemen's silk and cotton Hose; black Bombazetts; black Crape; silk Gloves; silk Shawls; cotton do.; silk and cotton Suspenders; Durants, Calimancoes, Russells, Ratinet—and a great variety of other Goods, too numerous to mention in an advertisement. May 3. [3m.]
HENRY Y. CRANSTON, & CO.
No. 15, Market-Square , and the publick in general, that they have for sale at their Store, the following Goods, which they would dispose of for Cash or approved Credit: viz.—6 hhd. St. Kitts high 2d, 3d, and 4th proof Rum; 10 pipes Gin, of an excellent quality; 8 bags Coffee; 6 kegs Virginia Tobacco; 20 kegs Ginger; 6 chests Souchong Tea; 30 quintals Cod Fish; 1000 lbs. Cordage; 12 dozen Bed Cords; 50 lbs. Sewing Twine; 4 bags Pimento; 300 lbs. Loaf Sugar; 100 reams Brown Paper; 20 do Foolscap do. &c. &c. Those who are indebted to them by Note or Book Account, are requested to call and settle the same. All Orders from their distant customers will receive punctual attendance. Newport, April 26, 1809.
SAMUEL W. VINSON,
No. 74, Thames-Street , RESPECTFULLY informs the publick, that he has just received from the Proprietor, (Mr. T. W. Dyott, Philadelphia ), DR. ROBERTSON's PATENT and FAMILY MEDICINES, which he offers for sale. He has several copies of a pamphlet, for the perusal of those who wish for further information respecting these Medicines. S. W. V. continues to replenish his assortment of DRUGS, MEDICINES, DYE-STUFFS, SPICES, &c. as usual. Also, Glass Apparatus, for Electrical machines; and Surgical Instruments of all kinds, furnished at short notice.
For the encouragement he has received, the publick will accept his grateful acknowledgments; and he flatters himself that they will continue their favours. April 12.
NATHANIEL DEARBORN,
No. 93, Thames-Street , seven doors north of Mr. THOMAS TOWNSEND's Coffee-House , and nearly opposite Ferry-Wharf ,
HAS just received, the invaluable works of the Hon. Fisher Ames , of Massachusetts . It is printed on a fine wove paper, hot pressed, with an excellent likeness of the author; contains between 5 and 6 hundred pages octavo, and is now to be sold for three dollars and fifty cents.—N. B. As but very few copies are on hand of this work, those who wish for them must apply in season.
Also, a few copies of an Analytical View of the Animal Economy , calculated for Students in Medicine and private Gentlemen: by Isaac Hall , physician and surgeon, and diplomatic member of the Medical Society of the city of New-York.
LIFE OF SOUTHACK , who was confined in the Massachusetts State Prison , price 50 cents. First number of the New-York Medical and Philosophical Journal and Review , which began in February, 1809, to be continued semi-annually; to contain 150 pages, octavo, and delivered to subscribers at 75 cents a number. ROLLIN's ANCIENT HISTORY , 8 volumes. BLACKSTONE's COMMENTARIES , 4 vols. bound, at 10 dollars.
THE LATE MAP OF LOUISIANA.
THE LATE MAP OF AMERICA. 1 Set REES's CYCLOPEDIA , to be in twenty volumes; price 160 dollars.
A few complete sets SALMAGUNDI , bound. BACKGAMMON TABLES and CHESS BOARDS.  Yankey PAPER HANGINGS : an elegant assortment—just received in Fires and Half Barrels .
HOUSE PAPERS and BORDERS.  BOOK-BINDING , executed in a handsome style.
STATIONARY, &c. —as usual.
THE CIRCULATING LIBRARY has received a great addition.—It now contains 2500 volumes of History, Biography, Voyages, Travels, Novels, Romances, Poetry, and Miscellany ; above 100 volumes of Magazines ; and 1000 different Plays, Farces, &c. —and needs only an increase of patronage to make it the best Library in New-England. Newport, April 26, 1809.
NEW ACADEMY,
Barney-Street.
THE publick are informed, that the new and airy ACADEMY of Mr. Trevett's , is ready for the reception of pupils. He flatters himself that the pleasantness of the situation; the accommodation of the building; together with his determination to pay very attention to those placed under his tuition, will ensure him a portion of the publick patronage.
N. B. The Scholars will, as usual, be publickly examined (by the Rev. Clegg ) quarterly.
Newport, April 25, 1809.
PUBLICK HEALTH.
BATHING-HOUSE.
FOR the accommodation of those Ladies and Gentlemen, who wish to partake of the luxury of the Bath, the BATHING-HOUSE will be opened every day, from sunrise until 9 o'clock in the evening, Sundays excepted, when it will be closed at 10 o'clock in the morning.—Tickets may be had at the Medicine Store of SAMUEL W. VINSON , and of the Proprietor. Ladies will please to pass in at the door No. 72, Thames-Street . Gentlemen will enter at the east door of the Bathing-House, Pelham-Street . Subscribers will be furnished with Tickets on account of their Shares, as heretofore. Newport, April 19, 1809.
NOTICE.
THE partnership of WILLIAM BURROUGHS & SON was dissolved on the first day of January last. Those to whom they may be indebted are requested to call immediately and receive their dues; and those indebted to them are desired to make speedy payment. Accounts and notes, the payment of which has been repeatedly called for, will, without discrimination, be put in suit in ten days from date, unless previously settled. WILLIAM BURROUGHS.  WILLIAM G. BURROUGHS. Newport, April 12, 1809.
WILLIAM G. BURROUGHS
Transacts business on his own account, at the store formerly occupied by WM. BURROUGHS & SON , 50, Thames-Street .
Wanted immediately—an active young Man. Good recommendations will be required. April 12.
PLEASE TO TAKE NOTICE.
THE Subscribers respectfully inform their Friends and the publick, that they have entered into Partnership, and taken the well known Stables belonging to Mr. THOMAS TOWNSEND , situated in Green-street , where Horses and Carriages for every purpose will be furnished at short notice; particularly Coachmen provided with careful and experienced drivers, for parties of pleasure or travellers; and Saddle Horses either for Ladies or Gentlemen; they will also furnish despatch messengers for any direction. Their Stables being well calculated for the business, Horses will be taken in to keep at reasonable rates for long or short periods; and as they are determined to attend well to every part of their business, they hope to merit the favours of the publick. JOHN G. EASTON.  WM. E. DRUMMOND.
THE Subscriber from long and intimate knowledge of WM. E. DRUMMOND , and confidence in his Partner, recommends them as worthy the encouragement of the publick. THOMAS TOWNSEND. Newport, April 19, 1809.
"The liberal Man deviseth liberal things."
WHEREAS a citizen of this town has contracted with me, by the year, to educate ten poor Children at a time, in my School, boys of the age of eight years and upwards—this is therefore to inform those who wish to embrace such an opportunity, to apply to Mr. GREEN BURROUGHS , capt. NATHANIEL SWEET , or to me, the Subscriber, to whom it is entrusted what applications may be proper. No regard will be had to the religious or political sentiments of their parents or friends.
ELEAZER TREVETT.
Newport, May 3, 1809.
NOTICE.
THE Publick are hereby informed that the Subscriber has been appointed by the Hon. Court of Probate, for the town of Middletown , Guardian of ISAAC PECKHAM , house carpenter of Middletown , and has accepted the trust. All persons are cautioned against having any dealings whatever, with the said ISAAC PECKHAM , as I will not be answerable for any debts contracted by him. JOSEPH ROGERS. Middletown, May 3, 1809.
APPRENTICE WANTED.
WANTED an Apprentice, to the Cabinet making business. A smart active Lad, about 14 or 15 years of age, who can produce good recommendation, may hear of a situation by applying at the office of the Rhode-Island Republican .
N. B. One from the country would be preferred. April 5.
TO BE LET,
THE Dwelling-House and garden, in Spring-Street , occupied by the late John Banister , Esq.—For further particulars and terms, apply at the house. March 22.