The New Hampshire gazette (Portsmouth [N.H.]), 1806-02-18 00:00:00

NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTE
[No. 11.]
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1806.
[Vol. LI.]
PORTSMOUTH: (NEW-HAMPSHIRE) PUBLISHED BY PEARCE & GARDNER, PRINTERS TO THE STATE, AND PRINTERS OF THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.
Piscataqua Bridge Lottery, Class 5.
THE Managers of the PISCATAQUA BRIDGE LOTTERY, finding that the Scheme of the 4th Class having met universal approbation, they have been induced to issue the same SCHEME for
The FIFTH CLASS.
  1 of 8000 Dollars is 8000   4 - 1000 do - 4000   4 - 500 do - 2000   100 - 100 do - 10000   100 - 50 do - 5000   100 - 20 do - 2000   1 - 100 (1st drawn Blank) 100   1 - 100 (last drawn Blank) 100   3600 - 8 28800   3911 60-000 
12000 TICKETS at 5 Dollars, is 60000 Dollars, subject to a deduction of 12 1/2 per cent.
Capital Prizes determinable on the following days.
  First drawn number against a blank on the 5th day. 1000 Dolls.   10th do. 1000   15th do. 1000   20th do. 8000   24th do. 1000 
500 TICKETS shall be considered as one complete day's work, and the fortunate Blanks shall be determined at that rate of drawing, whether a greater or less number come out of the Wheels in one day. All Prizes to be paid at the expiration of thirty days, (excepting the lightest) which will be paid within sixty days, after the drawing is completed—the drawing to be finished within twenty-six working days.—Prizes not claimed within one year will be considered as generously given to the Bridge, and will not be paid after that time.
An early day will be appointed for drawing in Boston. The Managers flatter themselves that the punctuality observed in the former Classes, will insure a ready sale for Tickets in this Class.
Tickets will rise to five dollars and fifty cents, twenty days previous to drawing, and to six dollars on the fourth day of drawing.
Nearly half the Tickets are already engaged. The vendors of Tickets in the remote towns are requested to give as early notice as possible of the number they intend to keep, or have disposed of, that an early day may be fixed for drawing.
Tickets ready for sale at the usual places.
Printers who advertised the former Schemes, are desired to insert this in their respective papers.
Thomas Thompson, } Managers. Elijah Hall, February 11, 1806.
WANTED—for which good security will be given, and handsome interest, 10,000 DOLLARS. Inquire of the Printers. Feb. 11.
Prizes! Prizes! Prizes!
A LIST of the Prizes in the fourth Class of Piscataqua Bridge Lottery is now received by C. PEARCE. By whom Prize Tickets, (let them have been bought of whom they may) will be received: in payment for Tickets in the next class; or in the Atkinson Academy Lottery, now drawing, or in the Amoskeag Canal Lottery which is to draw the 18th of next month. The Managers have advertised that all Prizes will be redeemable with cash in 30 days. But the above method of exchanging them for other Tickets in the Lottery now drawing, and in that which will draw next month, C. Pearce thinks, would be preferred by those who hold prize tickets.
Whole Tickets in Atkinson Academy Lottery two dollars, Quarters in do. 3/9 each. February 11.
No deduction from Prizes.
The Amoskeag Canal Lottery, commences drawing the 17th of next month, and consists of the following Prizes, (subject to no deduction,) viz.
  1 of 8000 Dollars.   1 - 2000   2 - 1000   4 - 500   25 - 100   41 - 50   120 - 20 and   3150 - 7 
TICKETS in the above Lottery, for sale at Five Dollars each—by S. LARKIN.
Prize Tickets in Piscataqua Bridge Lottery taken in payment. Feb. 4.
Just received at DRAPER'S
Cheap New Cash Store,
An additional supply of fashionable Goods, among which are Ladies beaver BONNETS; INDIA and Florence black LuteStrings; Italian and Dutch Crapes; black Pelongs and Modes; India black Satins; ditto Persians; 7/8, 3/4 and 5/8 black Sarsnet; Cambricks; ladies black silk Hose with plain and lac'd Clocks; ladies slate, rose and white silk Hose; black silk & Tabby Velvets; Lace and pic nic Gloves and Mitts; French silk Gloves; book, jaconet and cambric Mullins; black and white Laces; white silk Cords and Tassels; 5 & 6 1/2 silk Shawls; Dimities; Velvet Bindings; spanish sewing Silks by the lb.; straw Bonnets; silk Umbrellas; figured silk Velvets for Waistcoating; long white Kid Gloves 156 pair; English fancy kid SHOES; Linen Cambricks; a great variety of fashionable Chintzes.
Dark Mourning and common Calicoes; Furniture Chintzes; cotton sewings; Ladies color'd cotton Hose; Bandanno Handkerchiefs; bear, black jenet and mock fable Muffs and Tippets; Gentlemens Hats of a superior quality; London superfine Broad Cloths and cassimeres; Drab, Olive and chocolate coatings; Baizes and Flannels; British shirting cottons; long cloths; Irish Linens; India calicoes; cotton and Linen checks; a large supply of India cottons; &c. &c. &c.
The above with a variety of other articles united to his former stock comprise a complete assortment of Fancy and other piece Goods.
For Sale by
Ebenezer Thompson,
Bow Street,
30 Chests and 12 half chests Souchong TEA, of the latest importation; few Bbls. SUGAR; 10 Hhds. St. Vincents RUM; 20 do. MOLASSES; GIN pr Pipe or Bbl. Gin cases; Cod and Pollock FISH; Bonavista SALT; Russia Old Sable IRON; Few kegs Fig TOBACCO; 150 Bbls. NO. 1 & 2 BEEF;
General assortment
CROCKERY-WARE, among which, are some elegant Gold and White TEA SETTS. Feb. 4.
Now landing from Schooner Dove, and for sale by
ELISHA HILL, JR.
2100 bushels of CORN of a good quality, and will be sold cheap out of the vessel. In Store,
RUM, Molasses, Beef, Pork, Tongues, and tubs of Beef, Mould Candles, Cordage, Tar, &c. Portsmouth. Feb. 4, 1806.
FOR SALE,
60,000 feet Lumber; inquire of SAM'L BOARDMAN, at Rindge's Wharf. Portsmouth, Feb. 4, 1806.
State of New-Hampshire.
NOTICE is hereby given, that John Dinsmoor, Richard Odell, Ebenezer Edwards, George B. Upham, Peter Carlton and William Lovejoy have been appointed by the Legislature of said State, December, 1805, to receive proposals for the purchase of all the unlocated Land in said State, of which the following is a description, (viz.)—1st. All the land north of latitude 45, claimed by said State; 2d. Townships south of said latitude, Nos. 1, 3 & 4; 3d. As also a tract of land south of Shelburne and in Adams; 4th. A tract of land north of Sandwich and east of Thornton; 5th. All the gores of land, islands and parcels of land not disposed of by said State.
Said proposals will be received by John Dinsmoor, at his dwelling-house in Windham; By Richard Odell, in Conway; By Ebenezer Edwards, in Temple; By George B. Upham, in Claremont; By Peter Carlton in Landaff, and by William Lovejoy, in Lancaster. Portsmouth, Dec. 31, 1805.
JOHN DINSMOOR, for said Committee. N. B. Proposals will be received until the first Wednesday in June next.
IMPORTANT STATE PAPER.
The following Document is so very important, that we think we cannot do a more acceptable service to our readers than to lay it before them entire.
REMONSTRANCE
By the Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to the British Government.
[Accompanying the Message of the President.]
GREAT CUMBERLAND PLACE—No. 12.
September 23, 1805.
MY LORD, I FLATTERED myself, from what passed in our last interview, that I should have been honored before this, with an answer from your lordship, to my letters, respecting the late seizure of American vessels. I understood it to be agreed, that the discussion which then took place, should be considered as unofficial, as explanatory only of the ideas which we might respectively entertain on the subject, and that your lordship would afterwards give me such a reply to my letters, respecting that measure, as his majesty's government might desire to have communicated to the government of the United States. In consequence, I have since waited with anxiety such a communication, in the daily expectation of receiving it. It is far from being my desire to give your lordship any trouble in this business which I can avoid, as the time which has since elapsed sufficiently shews. But the great importance of the subject, which has indeed become more so, by the continuance of the same policy, and the frequency of seizures which are still made of American vessels, place me in a situation of peculiar responsibility. My government will expect of me correct information on this point, in all its views, and I am very desirous of complying with its just expectation. I must, therefore again request that your lordship will be so good as to enable me to make such a representation to my government, of that measure, as his majesty's government may think proper to give.
I am sorry to add, that the longer I have reflected on the subject, the more confirmed I have been in the objections to the measure. If we examine it in reference to the law of nations, it appears to me to be repugnant to every principle of that law; if by the understanding, or as it may be more properly called, the agreement of our governments respecting the commerce in question, I consider it equally repugnant to the principles of that agreement. In both these views your lordship will permit me to make some additional remarks on the subject.
By the law of nations, as settled by the most approved writers, no other restraint is acknowledged on the trade of neutral nations, with those at war, than that it be impartial between the latter; that it shall not extend to articles which are deemed contraband of war; nor to the transportation of persons in military service; nor to places actually blockaded or besieged. Every other commerce of a neutral with a belligerent, is considered a lawful commerce; and every other restraint on it to either of the belligerents by the other, an unlawful restraint.
The list of contraband is well defined—as are also the circumstances which constitute a blockade. The best authorities have united in confining the first to such articles as are used in war, and are applicable to military purposes; and requiring, to constitute the latter, the disposition of such a force, consisting of stationary ships, so near the port by the power which attacks it, as to make it dangerous for the vessel of a neutral power to enter it. The late treaty between Great Britain and Russia, designates these circumstances as necessary to constitute a blockade, and it is believed that it was never viewed before in a light more favorable to the invading power.
The vessels condemned were engaged in a commerce between the United States and some port in Europe, or between those states and the West India Islands, belonging to an enemy of Great Britain. In the European voyage the cargo consisted of the productions of the colonies; in the voyage to the West Indies, it consisted of the goods of the power to which the colony belonged, and to which the ship was destined. The ship and cargo in every case, were the property of American citizens, and the cargo had been landed and the duty on it paid in the United States. It was decided that these voyages were continuous, and the vessels and cargoes were condemned on the principle that the commerce was illegal. I beg to refer more especially in this statement to the case of the Essex, an appeal from the judgment of the vice-admiralty court, at New Providence, in which the lords commissioners of appeals in confirming that judgment, established this doctrine.
It requires but a slight view of the subject to be satisfied that these condemnations are incompatible with the law of nations as above stated. None of the cases have involved a question of contraband, of blockade, or of any other kind that was ever contested till of late, in favor of a belligerent against a neutral power. It is not on any principle that is applicable to any such case, that the measure can be defended. On what principle then it is supported by Great Britain? What is the nature and extent of her doctrine? What are the circumstances which recommend the arguments which support it? For information on these points we cannot refer to the well known writers on the law of nations; no illustration can be obtained from them of a doctrine which they never heard of. We must look for it to an authority more modern; to one which, however respectable for the learning and professional abilities of the judge who presides, is, nevertheless, one which, from many considerations, is not obligatory on other powers. In a report of the decisions of the court of admiralty of this kingdom, we find a notice of a series of orders issued by the government, of different dates and imports, which have regulated this business. The first of these bears date on the 6th of November, 1793; the second on the 8th of January, 1794; the third on the 25th January, 1798. Other orders have been issued since the commencement of the present war. It is those orders which have authorised the seizures that were made, at different times, in the course of the last war, and were lately made by British cruizers of the vessels of the United States. They too
form the law which has governed the courts in the decisions on the several cases which have arisen, under those seizures. The first of these orders prohibits altogether every species of commerce between neutral countries and enemies' colonies, and between neutral and other countries, in the productions of those colonies; the second and subsequent orders modify it in various forms. The doctrine, however, in every decision, is the same it is contended in each, that the character and just extent of the principle is to be found in the first order, and that every departure from it since, has been a relaxation of the principle, not claimed of right by neutral powers, but conceded in their favor gratuitously by Great Britain.
In support of these orders it is urged, that as the colonial trade is a system of monopoly to the parent country in time of peace, neutral powers have no right to participate in it in time of war, although they be permitted to do so by the parent country: that a belligerent has a right to interdict them from such a commerce. It is on this system of internal restraint, this regulation of colonial trade, by the powers having colonies, that a new principle of the law of nations is attempted to be founded: one which seeks to discriminate in respect to the commerce of neutral powers with a belligerent, between different parts of the territory of the same power, and likewise subverts many other principles of great importance, which have heretofore been held sacred among nations. It is believed that so important a superstructure was never raised on so slight a foundation. Permit me to ask, does it follow, because the parent country monopolises in peace the whole commerce of its colonies, that in war it should have no right to regulate all? That on the contrary it should be constrained to offer, in equal extent, a right to its enemy, to the part of the parent country, of the colonies, and of neutral powers? If this doctrine was found, it would certainly constitute a new and singular mode of acquiring & losing one which would be highly advantageous to one, while it was equally injurious to the other. To colonies, more especially, it would prove peculiarly oppressive. It is known that they are essentially dependent for their existence, on supplies from other countries, especially the United States of America, who in their neighborhood have the means of furnishing them with the greatest certainty, and on the best terms. It is necessary that they be subjected to that restraint in peace, when the evils attending it, by the occasional interference of the parent country, may be, and are frequently repeated? Is it consistent with justice or humanity, that it should be converted into a principle, in favor of an enemy, invariable of course, but otherwise without the means of listening to their complaints, not for their distress or oppression, only but for their extermination? But there are other insuperable objections to this doctrine. Are not the colonies of every country a part of its domain, and do they not continue to be so until they are severed from it by conquest? Is not the power to regulate commerce incident to the sovereignty, and is it not co-extensive over the whole territory which any government possesses? Can one belligerent acquire any right to the territory of another, but by conquest? And can any rights which appertain thereto, be otherwise defeated or curtailed in war? In whatever light, therefore, the subject is viewed, it appears to me evident that this doctrine cannot be supported. No distinction, founded in reason, can be taken between the different parts of the territory of the same power to justify it. The separation of one portion from another by the sea, gives lawfully to the belligerent, which is superior on that element, a vast ascendancy in all the concerns on which the success of the war, or the relative prosperity of their respective dominions, may in any degree depend. It opens to such power ample means for its own aggrandizement, and for the harassment and distress of its adversary. With these it should be satisfied. But neither can that circumstance, nor can any of internal arrangement, which any power may adopt for the government of its dominions, be construed to give to its enemy any other advantage over it. They certainly do not justify the doctrine in question, which asserts, that the law of nations varies in its application to different portions of the territory of the same power: that it operates in one mode, in respect to one, and in another, or even not at all, in respect to another; that the rights of humanity, of neutral powers, and all other rights, are to sink before it.
It is further urged that neutral powers ought not to complain of this restraint, because they stand under it, on the same ground, with respect to their commerce, which they held in time of peace. But this fact, if true, gives no support to the pretensions. The claim involves a question of right, not of interest. If the neutral powers have a right in war to such commerce with the colonies of the enemies of Great Britain, as the parent states respectively allowed, they ought not to be deprived of it by her, nor can its just claims be satisfied by any compromise of the kind alluded to. For this argument to have the weight which it is intended to give it, the commerce of the neutral powers with those colonies should be placed and preserved through the war, in the same state, as if it had not occurred. G. Britain should in respect to them take the place of the parent country, and do every thing which the latter would have done, had there been no war. To discharge that duty, it would be necessary for her to establish such a policy over the colony, as to be able to examine the circumstances attending it annually, to ascertain whether the crops were abundant, supplies from other quarters had failed, and eventually to decide whether under such circumstances the parent country would have opened the ports to neutral powers. But these offices cannot be performed by any power which is not in possession of the colony; that can only be obtained by conquest, in which case, the victor would of course have a right to regulate its trade as it thought fit.
It is also said that neutral powers have no right to profit of the advantages which are gained in war, by the arms of Great Britain. This argument has even less weight than the others. It does not, in truth, apply at all to the question. Neutral powers do not claim a right, as already observed, to any commerce with the colonies which Great Britain may have conquered of her enemies, otherwise than on the conditions which she imposes. The point in

Question turns on the commerce which they are entitled to with the colonies which they have not conquered, but still remain subject to the dominion of the parent country. With such it is contended, for reasons that have been already given, that neutral powers have a right to enjoy all the advantages in trade which the parent country allows them: a right of which the mere circumstance of war cannot deprive them. If Great Britain had a right to prohibit that commerce, it existed before the war began, and of course before she had gained any advantage over her enemies. If it did not then exist, it certainly does not at the present time. Rights of the kind in question, cannot depend on the fortune of war or other contingencies. The law which regulates them is invariable, until it be changed by the competent authority. It forms a rule equally between belligerent powers, and between neutral and belligerent, which is dictated by reason and sanctioned by the usage and consent of nations.
The foregoing considerations have, it is presumed, proved that the claim of Great Britain to prohibit the commerce of neutral powers in the manner proposed is repugnant to the law of nations. If, however, any doubt remains on that point, other considerations which may be urged cannot fail to remove it. The number of orders of different imports which have been issued by government, to regulate the seizure of neutral vessels is a proof that there is no established law for the purpose. And the strictness with which the courts have followed those orders, through their various modifications, is equally a proof that there is no other authority for the government of their decisions. If the order of the 6th November, 1793, contained the true doctrine of the law of nations, there would have been no occasion for those which followed, nor is it probable that they would have been issued: indeed if that order had been in conformity with that law, there would have been no occasion for it. As in the cases of blockade, and contraband, the law would have been well known without an order, especially one so very descriptive; the interest of the cruisers, which is always sufficiently active, would have prompted them to make the seizures, and the opinions of eminent writers, which in that case would not have been wanting, would have furnished the courts the best authority for their decisions.
I shall now proceed to show that the decisions complained of are contrary to the understanding, or what, perhaps more properly be called an agreement of the two governments, on the subject. By the order of the 6th November, 1793, some hundreds of American vessels were seized and into port and condemned. Those seizures and condemnations, became the subject of an immediate negotiation between the two nations, which terminated in a treaty, which it was agreed to submit the whole subject to commissioners, who should be invested with full power, to settle the controversy which had thus arisen. That treaty was carried into complete effect; commissioners appointed, who examined laboriously and fully, all the cases of seizure and condemnation which had taken place, and finally decided on the same, in which decisions they condemned the principal of the order and awarded compensation to those who had suffered under it. Those decisions have since been fairly and honorably discharged by the United States. It merits particular attention that a part of the article of that treaty, referred expressly to the point in question, and that it was on the solemn deliberation of both governments, by their mutual consent, expunged from it. It seems therefore to be impossible to consider that transaction under all the circumstances attending it, in any other light than as a fair and amicable adjustment of the question between the parties; one which authorized the just expectation, that it would never have become again a cause of complaint between them. The sense of both was expressed on it in a manner too marked and explicit, to admit of a different conclusion. The subject too was of a nature that when once settled ought to be considered as settled forever. It is not like questions of commerce between two powers, which affect their internal concerns, and depend, of course, on the internal regulations of each. When these latter are arranged by treaty, the rights which accrue to each party under it, in the interior of the other, cease when the treaty expires. Each has a right afterwards to decide for itself in what manner that concern shall be regulated in future, and in that decision to consult solely its interest. But the present topic is of a very different character. It involves no question of commerce or other internal concern between the two nations. It respects the commerce only, which either may have with the enemies of the other, in time of war. It involves therefore, only a question of right, under the law of nations, which in its nature cannot fluctuate. It is proper to add, that the conclusion above mentioned, was further supported by the important fact, that until the late decree, in the case of the Essex, not one American vessel, engaged in this commerce, had been condemned on this doctrine; that several which were met in the channel, by the British cruisers, were permitted, after an examination of their papers, to pursue their voyage. This circumstance justified the opinion, that that commerce was deemed a lawful one by G. B.
There is another ground, on which the late seizures and condemnations are considered as highly objectionable, and to furnish a just cause of complaint to the U. States. Until the final report of the commissioners under the 7th article of the treaty of 1794, which was not made until last year, it is admitted that their arbitrament was not obligatory on the parties, in the sense in which it is now contended to be. Every intermediate declaration, however, by G. B. of her sense on the subject, must be considered as binding on her, as it laid the foundation of commercial enterprises, which were thought to be secure while within that limit. Your lordship will permit me to refer you to several examples of this kind, which were equally formal and official, in which the sense of his majesty's government was declared very differently from what it has been in the late condemnations. In Robinson's reports, vol. 2, page 368, (case the Polly, Lasky, master) it seems to have been clearly established by the learned judge of the court of admiralty, that an American has a right to import the produce of an enemy's colony into the U. States, and to send it on afterwards to the general commerce of Europe; and that the landing the goods, and paying the duties in the U. States should preclude all further question, relative to the voyage. The terms "for his own use," which are to be found in the report, are obviously intended to assert the claim, only that the property shall be American and not that of an enemy; by admitting the right to send on the produce afterwards to the general commerce of Europe, it is not possible that these terms should convey any other idea. A bona fide importation is also held by the judge to be satisfied by the landing the goods and paying the duties. This therefore is, I think, the true import of that decision. The doctrine is again laid down in still more explicit terms by the government itself, in a correspondence between lord Hawkesbury and my predecessor, Mr. King. The case was precisely similar to those which have been lately before the court. Mr. King complained in a letter of March 18, 1801,
that the cargo of an American vessel going from the United States to a Spanish colony had been condemned by the vice-admiralty court of Nassau, on the ground that it was of the growth of Spain, which decision he contended was contrary to the law of nations, and requested that suitable instructions might be dispatched to the proper officers in the West Indies, to prevent like abuses in future. Lord Hawkesbury in a reply of April 11th communicated the report of the king's advocate general, in which it is expressly stated that the produce of an enemy may be imported by a neutral into his own country and re-exported thence to the mother country; and in like manner in that circuitous mode, that the produce and manufactures of the mother country might find their way to its colonies; that the landing the goods and paying the duties in the neutral country, broke the continuity of the voyage, and legalized the trade, although the goods were re-shipped in the same vessel, on account of the same neutral proprietors, and forwarded for sale to the mother country of the colony. It merits attention in this report, (so clearly and positively is the doctrine laid down, that the landing the goods and paying the duties in the neutral country broke the continuity of the voyage) that it is stated as a doubtful point whether the mere touching in the neutral country to obtain fresh clearances will be considered in the light of the direct trade; that no positive inhibition is insisted on any but the direct trade between the mother country and the colonies. This doctrine in the light herein stated, is also to be found in the treaty between Great Britain and Russia, June 17, 1801. By the 2d section of the 3d article, the commerce of neutrals in the productions or manufactures of the enemies of Great Britain, which have become the property of the neutral, is declared to be free; that section was afterwards explained by a declaratory article of October 20 of the same year, by which it is agreed, that it shall not be understood to authorize neutrals to carry the produce or merchandise of an enemy either directly from the colonies to the parent country, or from the parent country to the colonies. In other respects the commerce was left on the footing on which it was placed by that section, perfectly free except in the direct trade between the colony and the parent country. It is worthy of remark that, as by the reference made in the explanatory article of the treaty with Russia, to the United States of America, it was supposed that those states and Russia, Denmark and Sweden, had a common interest in neutral questions, so it was obviously intended, from the similarity of sentiment which is observable between that treaty as amended, and the report of the advocate general above mentioned, to place all the parties on the same footing. After these acts of the British government, which being official were made public, it was not to be expected that any greater restraint would have been contemplated by it on that commerce, than they impose that an enquiry would ever have been made, not whether the property with which an American vessel was charged belonged to a citizen of the United States or an enemy, but whether it belonged to this or that American; an enquiry which imposes a condition which it is believed that no independent nation, having a just sense of what it owes to its rights or its honor, can ever comply with. Much less was it to be expected that such a restraint would have been thought of after the report of the commissioners above adverted to, which seemed to have placed the rights of the United States incontrovertibly on a much more liberal, and, as is contended just footing.
It is proper to add, that the decree of the lords commissioners of appeals in the case of the Essex, produced the same effect as an order from the government would have done. Prior to that decree from the commencement of the war, the commerce in question was pursued by the citizens of the U. S. as has been already observed, without molestation. It is presumable that till then his majesty's cruisers were induced to forbear a seizure by the same considerations which induced the American citizens to engage in the commerce, a belief that it was a lawful one. The facts above mentioned were equally before the parties, and it is not surprising that they should have drawn the same conclusion from them. That decree, however opened a new scene. It certainly gave a signal to the cruisers to commence the seizures which they have not failed to do, as has been sufficiently felt by the citizens of the United States, who have suffered under it. According to the information which has been given me, about 50 vessels have been brought into the ports of G. Britain in consequence of it, and there is reason to believe that the same system is pursued in the West Indies and elsewhere. The measure is the more to be complained of, because Great Britain had, in permitting the commerce for 2 years, given a sanction to it by her conduct, had nothing occurred to create a suspicion that her sentiments varied from her conduct. Had that been the case, or had she been disposed to change her conduct in that respect towards the U. S. it might reasonably have been expected that some intimation would have been given of it before the measure was carried into effect. Between powers who are equally desirous of preserving the relations of friendship with each other, notice might in all such cases be expected. But in the present case the obligation to give it seemed to be peculiarly strong. The existence of a negotiation which had been sought on the part of the U. S. some considerable time before my departure for Spain, for the express purpose of adjusting amicably and fairly, all such questions between the two nations, and postponed on that occasion to accommodate the views of his majesty's government, furnished a suitable opportunity for such an intimation, while it could not otherwise than increase the claim to it.
In this Communication I have made no comment on the difference which is observable in the import of the several orders which have regulated, at different times, the seizure of neutral vessels, some of which were more moderate than others. It is proper, however, to remark here, that those which were issued, or even that any had been issued since the commencement of the present war, were circumstances not known till very lately:—On principle it is acknowledged, that they are to be viewed in the same light, and it has been my object to examine them by that standard, without going into detail, or marking the shades of difference between them. I have made the examination with that freedom and candor which belong to a subject of very high importance to the United States, the result of which has been, as I presume, to prove that all the orders are repugnant to the law of nations, and that the late condemnations which have revived the pretensions on the part of Great Britain, are not only repugnant to that law, but to the understanding which it was supposed had taken place between the two powers, respecting the commerce in question.
I cannot conclude this note without advertizing to the other topics depending between our Governments which it is also much wished to adjust at this time. These are well known to your lordship, and it is therefore unnecessary to add any thing on them at present. With a view to perpetuate the friendship of the two nations, no unnecessary collision should be left open. Those adverted to, are believed to be of this kind, such as the case of boundary, the impressment of seamen, &c. since it is presumed there can
be no real conflicting interest between them on those points. The general commercial relation may then be adjusted or postponed as may be most consistent with the views of his majesty's government. On that point also it is believed that it will not be difficult to make such an arrangement as, by giving sufficient scope to the resources, to the industry and the enterprise of the people of both countries, may prove highly and reciprocally advantageous to them. In the topic of impressment, however, the motive is more urgent. In that line the rights of the United States have been so long trampled under foot, and the feelings of humanity, in respect to the sufferers and the honor of their Government, even in their own ports, so often outraged, that the astonished world may begin to doubt, whether the patience with which these injuries have been borne ought to be attributed to generous or unworthy motives: Whether the United States merit the rank to which in other respects they are justly entitled among independent powers, or have already, in the very morn of their political career, lost their energy, and become degenerate. The United States are not insensible that their conduct has exposed them to such suspicions, though they well know that they have not merited them. They are aware, from the similarity in the person, the manners, and above all, the identity of the language, which is common to the people of both nations, that the subject is a difficult one; they are equally aware, that to Great Britain also it is a delicate one, and they have been willing in seeking an arrangement of this important interest, to give a proof by the mode, of their very sincere desire to cherish the relations of friendship with her. I have only to add, that I shall be happy to meet your lordship on these points, as soon as you can make it convenient to you. I have the honor to be, with high consideration, your lordship's most obedient servant, Signed JAMES MONROE.
National Legislature.
Ninth Congress—First Session.
SENATE, January 28, 1806.
Foreign Aggressions.
The President, by Message, has communicated the following report of the Secretary of State, in compliance with the resolution of the Senate, of the 10th January.
REPORT.
THE most important of the principles interpolated in the law of nations, is that which appears to be maintained by the British government and its prize courts, that a trade opened to neutrals by a nation at war, on account of the war, is unlawful.
The principle has been relaxed, from time to time, by orders, allowing, as favors to neutrals, particular branches of trade, disallowed by the general principle; which orders, have also, in some instances, extended the modifications of the principle beyond its avowed import.
In like manner, the last of these orders, bearing date the 24th of June, 1803, has incorporated with the relaxation, a collateral principle, which is itself an interpolation, namely, that a vessel on a return voyage is liable to capture by the circumstances of her having on the outward voyage, conveyed contraband articles to an enemy's port.—How far a like penalty attached by the same order to the circumstances of a previous communication with a blockaded port, would likewise be an interpolation, may depend upon the construction, under which that part of the order has been, or is to be carried into execution.
The general principle, first above stated, as lately applied to re-exportations of articles imported into neutral countries from hostile colonies, or vice versa, by considering the re-exportation in many cases, as a continuation of the original voyage, forms another interpolation, deeply affecting the trade of neutrals. For a fuller view of this and some other interpolations, reference may be had to the documents communicated with the message to congress of the 17th instant.
The British principle, which makes a notification to foreign governments of an intended blockade, equivalent to the notice required by the law of nations, before the penalty can be incurred; and that which subjects to capture, vessels arriving at a port, in the interval between a removal and return of the blockading force, are other important deviations from the code of public law.
Another unjustifiable measure is the mode of search practiced by British ships, which instead of remaining at a proper distance from the vessel to be searched, and sending their own boat with a few men for the purpose, to compel the vessel to send her papers in her own boat, and sometimes with great danger from the condition of the boat, and the state of the weather.
To these instances, without advertizing to others of an inferior or less definite character, in the practice of Great Britain, must be added the assumed right to impress persons from American vessels, sailing under the American flag on the high seas. An explanation of this practice will be found in the extract from the instructions of Mr. Monroe, communicated with the message of the President above referred to.
Among the interpolations, introduced by the French government, is a decree dated 6th June, 1805. [18 Prairial, 13 year] importing that every privateer of which two thirds of the crew shall not be natives of England, or subjects of a power the enemy of France, shall be considered as pirates.
Another is evidenced by the result of an application made by the deputy consul of the United States at Cadiz, through the French consul to admiral Vaucluse, for the liberation of some seamen of the United States
who were on board the French fl. under his command. The answer of the admiral, dated 29th August last. [11 Fructidor, 13th year] states, that "A decision of his imperial and royal majesty provides, that every foreigner found on board the vessels of war or of commerce of the enemy, is to be treated as a prisoner of war, and can have no right to the protection of the diplomatic and commercial agents of his nation."
Other unjustifiable innovations on the law of nations, are exemplified in the decree of Gen. Ferrand, lately passed at the city of St. Domingo, a translation of which is annexed.
The irregular mode of search above described, is also practiced by the cruisers of France and Spain.
The cruisers of the two latter powers have harassed the commerce of the United States in various other forms; but as it is not known, or believed, that their conduct has been prescribed or sanctioned by the public authority of their respective nations, they are not considered as falling within the purview of the resolution of the Senate.
All which is respectfully submitted.
JAMES MADISON.
Department of State, Jan. 25, 1806.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
WEDNESDAY, JAN. 29.
Mr. Jackson called for a consideration of the unfinished business of yesterday, viz. the motion of Mr. Smilie to discharge the committee of Ways and Means from the further consideration of so much of the President's message as relates to the invasion of neutral rights by some of the belligerent powers. On taking up this business the house divided—Ayes 67—Carried.
On motion of Mr. Smilie, the select committee to whom was referred so much of the message of the President of the U. S. of the 17th inst. as relates to the impressment of our seamen, was discharged from its further consideration, and the subject referred to a committee of the whole on the state of the union without a division.
On motion of Mr. Thomas, the committee of Ways and Means were discharged from the consideration of so much of the message of the President as relates to depredations committed on our colonial trade, and the subject referred to a committee of the whole on the state of the union without a division.
A message was received from the president of the U. S. enclosing a memorial from the merchants of Baltimore, on the depredations committed on the commerce of the U. S. which was referred to a committee of the whole on the state of the union.
THURSDAY, JAN. 30.
The Speaker laid before the House the following letter from the Secretary of the Navy addressed to the house:
"SIR—In obedience to the resolution of the House of Representatives of the 27th inst. directing the Secretary of the navy "to lay before the house a report on the condition of the frigates, and other public armed vessels belonging to the U. S. distinguishing the frigates fit for actual service; distinguishing such as require repair, and the sum necessary for repairing each, and distinguishing also such as it may be the interest of the U. S. to dispose of rather than repair"—I have the honor to state,
That the frigate Constitution is now in a state of thorough repair, and in all respects prepared for service.
That the frigate Chesapeake has lately been repaired, and is fit for service.
That the frigates Adams, Essex and John Adams are also fit for service.
That the brigs Siren, Hornet, Argus and Vixen, the schooners Nautilus and Enterprise, the bombs Spitfire and Vengeance, and all the bombas are fit for service.
That the frigates President, United States, Congress, Constellation, New York and Bolton, require to be repaired: but it is utterly impossible to form an accurate statement of the "sum necessary for repairing each."
I know of no vessel belonging to the navy, which I consider it would be "the interest of the U. S. to dispose of rather than repair."
Mr. Crowninshield presented an energetic and comprehensive memorial from the merchants of Salem, representing the embarrassed situation of trade; their deep anxiety at the impressment of American seamen, the severe injuries received from the recent principles assumed by Great Britain, and pledging their lives and property in support of such measures as may be taken by the government to defend and protect their rights.
Referred to a committee of the whole on the state of the union.
FRIDAY, JAN. 31.
Mr. Van Cortlandt, with the view of maintaining order, and expediting the public business, offered certain resolutions amendatory of the rules of the House.
The first of these amendments prohibits a member from reading in the House any book or printed paper, or writing any letters:—the second prohibits the sejeant at arms from keeping or stating the accounts of the members, or giving receipts in the House, and prohibits the door-keepers from coming on the floor to call out members. These resolutions were ordered to lie on the table.
Mr. Gregg said he had the honor two days since of laying on the table a resolution to prohibit the importation of British goods until arrangements should be entered into to render the continuance of this prohibition unnecessary. Mr. G. said he was of opinion that it was proper at the same time to adopt a permanent system of commercial regulations calculated to meet the measures of foreign powers. To throw light on this subject, Mr. Gregg moved that the report of the secretary of state on the commercial relations of the U. States with foreign powers, made in the year 1791, should be printed. This motion was agreed to.
The bill to repeal so much of any act as authorizes the receipt of evidences of the public debt in payment for the lands of the U. S. and for other purposes relative to the public debt, was read a third time and passed—Ayes 89.
Mr. Holland moved to postpone till the first Monday of March the resolution on the subject of the Poohomah bridge.—Motion lost—Ayes 45—Nays 74.

LATEST FROM EUROPE.
By the William , from Liverpool, arrived at N. York, last London date, Dec. 16, 1805.
GERMANY.
BRUNN, NOV. 15, 1805; VICTORY OVER THE FRENCH. The following official account is just published in a Gazette Extraordinary :-
The Emperor yesterday received a courier from the Russian Gen. Count Kutusow, announcing a complete victory over the French column under Marshal Morier, near Crens. The account is dated on the field of battle. On the 9th of November, the Russian army crossed the Danube. On the 10th, the enemy, by superiority of force, drove them along the left of the Danube to Sisin. In the morning of the 11th November, the Russians attacked the French in three columns. The enemy was defeated, and the whole division which could not escape in the boats, were killed, or made prisoners; among the latter are Gen. Graind-Orge, 1 Colonel, 1 Lieutenant Col. 36 inferior officers, and 2000 men. Marshal Morier, who commanded the column is missing, supposed to be killed. We also took five field pieces. The Russian loss is inconsiderable, but they have to lament the death of Marshal Lt. Schmidt, Q. M. G. who had been 40 years in the service.
Gen. Meesfeldt, with 12,000 men, after suffering some loss, has retreated to Hungary, by the road to Baden.
The Archduke Charles has left a strong garrison in Venice. He is retreating into Hungary, from Laybach.
DONAU, NOV. 9 On the 12th, 5000 French took possession of Vienna, and 20,000 of the suburbs. They have required nine rations and clothes for 40,000 men.
G. BRITAIN. LONDON, DEC. 3.
For Kutusow's bravery near Crens, the order of Maria Theresa has been conferred upon him by the Emperor Francis. Prince Piacentini too has been himself worthy his master Suwarow. With 5000 men, surrounded by an immensely superior number, he cut his way through the French, effected his junction with General Kutusow, and brought with him a Colonel 50 privates, and two French standards. The Russian force is concentrated at Olmutz where Gen. Buxhoven, with 36,000 men, had joined him. The Archduke Constantine was daily expected with 12,000 more. Both the Emperors Francis and Alexander, were at Olmutz. A general battle was expected.
The Earl of Harrington set out last night on a military mission to the Imperial Austrian Court.
On the 17th October, 24,000 Russians sailed from Corsu, accompanied by the British army under Gen. Craig; and the whole had arrived at Venice.
Gen. D'Hilliers, who had advanced into Bohemia, found himself necessitated to retreat, and recross the Danube, to avoid being cut off by the Austrians.
The vanguard of the third Russian army under Gen. Michelson, arrived at Dresden. (about 200 miles from Olmutz) on the 19th November, to join Gen. Kutusow. It is composed of nearly 100,000 men. When these are joined the allied force will be but little short of 200,000. There appears a spirit, a courage, and determination among the allies, which must ultimately, we think, be successful.
THE EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA Has published a second Manifesto, declaring that he had received the following proposition from Bonaparte, viz.
"That the allied troops should return to their respective countries; that the Hungarian levies should be disbanded; and that the Duchy of Venice, and the Tyrol, should be delivered up to the French armies."
On this proposition the Emperor remarks, that though he earnestly wished for peace, he neither could nor would by disarming, throw himself in a situation which might place his empire at the mercy of a powerful enemy:
DEC. 10.—Lord Castlereagh, who is to command in chief the British troops in Germany, left town yesterday. Gen. Dundas is to command the infantry, with Major Genl's Mackenzie, Fraser, Wellesley, Sherbrooke and Hill, under him.
On the 22nd November, the Russian H. Q. was at Wisczow.
NEGOTIATION.
The Prussian Minister Plenipotentiary sent to the French Emperor, arrived at Vienna the 20th November; where Talleyrand then was; so that no time could be lost in taking into consideration the propositions of Prussia.
DEC. 12. On Tuesday a second expedition sailed from the Downs for the Weser, composed of the 3d, 7th, 8th, 9th, 26th, 28th, 35th, and 38th regiments. A third embarkation is to follow immediately. It will comprise two regiments of dragoons, and regiments of the line.
The following is a Statistical account of the successes of the French, as given at Ratisbon by a person acquainted with the dominions of Austria. The French have taken all Hither Austria, and the Imperial fiefs in Swabia; a great part of Bohemia; Upper and Lower Austria; part of Moravia; the Kingdom of Hungary, which submitted of its own accord to France; Styria; Carinthia; Carniola, and part of Illyria; all the Venetian Territory, so called; and all the Tyrol country. These states and provinces have 18 millions of inhabitants, and are valued in the revenue of Vienna at 60 millions of florins of the Empire, that is, about 156 millions of francs, the florin being a francs and 63 centimes. A Hamburg merchant has ventured to calculate the enormous expenses of the war, and observes, should only the fourth part of them be defrayed by England, the resources of that rich nation would be inadequate to them.— Salem Reg.
Portsmouth,
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1806.
REPUBLICAN TICKET for 1806.
HIS EXCELLENCY JOHN LANGDON, Esq. GOVERNOR.
COUNSELLORS.
LEVI BARTLETT, Rockingham. JOSEPH BADGER, Stratford. BENJAMIN PIERCE, Hillsborough. NAHUM PARKER, Cheshire. WM TARTLON, Grafton and Coos Counties.
SENATORS.
CLEMENT STORER, District No. 1. BENJAMIN BARNARD, No. 2. WILLIAM WHITE, No. 3. JOHN BRADLEY, No. 4. JOHN WALDRON, No. 5. NATHANIEL SHANNON, No. 6. JEDEDIAH K. SMITH, No. 7. ROBERT ALCOCK, No. 8. ELISHA WHITCOMB, No. 9. GEORGE ALDRICH, No. 10. JESSE JOHNSON, No. 11. PETER CARLETON, No. 12. NATH'L GILMAN, County Treasurer. JOSIAH ADAMS, Recorder of Deeds.
At the close of the last session the Senate of Maryland, ordered the following APPROBATORY DECLARATION to be recorded on their Journals.
Whereas, the public expression of sentiments of grateful approbation, is at once the reward and support of virtue, and suited to the genius of a free people, who consider the public services of their citizens as resulting from other obligations than those which arise from more pecuniary rewards:
The Senate of Maryland feel themselves called upon, by the highest and most solemn considerations of public duty, to declare before their final separation, their firm and unabated reliance upon the wisdom, integrity, and patriotism of the chief magistrate of the union, and their entire approbation, of the sound, manly and virtuous policy, which has, heretofore, characterised his administration, foreign and domestic; by which under Divine Providence, the prosperity of this favored country has been signally advanced; the American name and character exalted abroad; the happiness of the people promoted and secured at home; their civil, religious, and political rights placed upon a proud eminence, which faction or despotism shall equally assail in vain; the national strength and power improved and consolidated, by universal confidence produced by a steady perseverance in a course of measures, which reason and justice, and the love of liberty have dictated and inspired; the calamities of war averted from us, by conduct distinguished at once for moderation, firmness and equity, in a state of the civilized world with which peace, in any part of it, seems hardly to be compatible, and the means of repelling insult and aggression, when it shall be found necessary to exert them, made adequate to the vindication of our honor, and the assertion and protection of our rights and interests, against the greatest and most powerful. The Senate believe that they cannot at a juncture like the present mark the close of the important functions, which the people of Maryland have confided to them, by an act more acceptable to their constituents than this declaration which they unanimously direct to be recorded on their journals.
Extract of a letter from a member of Congress to a member of the House of Delegates, dated Washington, 21st January, 1806.
"Nothing has happened here that I am at liberty to communicate, worth your attention, except the conduct of the Spanish minister.—The Marquis, you know, has his residence generally at Philadelphia. His conduct has been so obnoxious to the government, that his recall was requested. This requisition met with due attention at the Court of his Catholic majesty: but as he himself had signified a desire to return home, his government wished, if it was agreeable to ours, that it might assume the shape of a voluntary act; to this there could be no reasonable objection, and it was consented to. Hearing he was about leaving Philadelphia for this place, it was hinted to him that his presence would not be agreeable.—Disregarding this intimation, he came, and upon his arrival, an official note was addressed to him desiring his departure.—To this he wrote an answer full of insolence and abuse, and continues here; his party declaring that he is vested with full power to adjust all differences with us, and complaining of the conduct of the executive in not seeing him. This course he has undoubtedly adopted to render the government unpopular; for I cannot believe it is a fact, that his master would trust to his care such important negotiations, after the application for
a recall—even if true, the dignity and honor of the government forbids his reception after what has passed.—I believe it has been seriously deliberated whether it would not be proper, under his present conduct, to seize and ship him." (Enquirer.)
POSTSCRIPT. FOREIGN.
From the New York Gazette of Tuesday last, are selected the following important articles of intelligence, received by the brig Hannah , from Liverpool:
Great BATTLE between the French and Allies.
LONDON, DEC. 18. BULLETIN.
Government received accounts last night dated at Olmutz, the 2d, by which it appears that a general battle took place on the 2d, between the French and Austrian-Russian armies at Wisczow. The centre of the latter seems to have met with great resistance, and to have been repulsed; but the left wing of the enemy were defeated with considerable loss, by the right wing of the allies, under the command of the Princes Lichtenstein and Panceration. The Emperor Alexander commanded his troops in person, and displayed the utmost bravery. The conflict seems to have been of the most obstinate kind, and to have been sustained by the Allies in the most exemplary manner. The loss of the French was immense.
The Messenger who brought this intelligence left Olmutz twenty-four hours after the battle, and relates that, at that time, the loss of the enemy were reported to be much more considerable than those of the Allies, who still maintained their position at Wisczow.
"Accounts have been this day received at the Admiralty which left Hamburg two days later than the Messenger, who arrived from Sir A. Poyer. These accounts state, that several skirmishes took place between the Allied Armies and the French, from the 29th November to the 2d inst. when they came to a general action, in which the French lost 27,000 men and all their artillery. That the French retreated—that Bonaparte was wounded—that he had proposed an armistice, which was rejected.
All accounts agree that the battle was fought on both sides with the greatest obstinacy, and chiefly with the bayonet. The carnage was immense.
The number of our allies is stated at 70,000; though the accounts of the numbers, in letters from various parts of Moravia, say they were 90,000. The number of Bonaparte's army is stated at 80,000; and some reports say that nearly 27,000 fell on each side.
It is probable that this battle would soon be followed by another.
From all that is yet known of the battle of the 2d, it is probable that the French, as well as the allies, will claim the victory.—Indeed we think they have already done so, for to no other circumstance can we ascribe certain rejoicings which took place in Holland within these few days. A gentleman who left Camperdown on Tuesday last states "that great rejoicings had taken place there, in consequence of a victory gained by the French, in Germany—but although he enquired the particulars of the success from several persons, no one could give him any account.
Letters from France of a late date received last night, also state that Bonaparte claims a decided victory in the battle of the 2d inst. His Bulletin says, that the Russians were defeated with immense slaughter; and that 6000 prisoners, and 28 pieces of cannon fell into the hands of the French. The Russians are allowed to have fought with great courage and intrepidity, and the Emperor Alexander is stated to have had two horses killed under him in the action. Bonaparte is said to have been slightly wounded, and to have had one horse killed under him; and two Aides de Camp killed by his side.
The English accounts say that Prussia had actually joined the Allies, and that an army of 50,000 men, commanded by the King in person, had entered Bavaria, and had intercepted and taken prisoners several detachments of French troops.
VIENNA, NOV. 24.
The report of an insurrection in Poland gains ground. In the villages of that country, writings are circulated, stimulating the Poles to regain their independence, by choosing a king to their own wish. It is said several Polish officers, among whom is Gen. Kosciulko, have repaired to the French Head Quarters. Some say an insurrection has taken place.
AUGSBURG, NOV. 24.
It is said the Elector, of Bavaria, under the guarantee of France, will assume the title of king of Bavaria, and his territory augmented at the expence of Russia—and that the states of Hungary are disposed to elect a king of their own, and conclude a treaty with France.
Passengers in the Hannah state, that news had reached Liverpool, that the battle was renewed on the 4th Dec. and that on the evening of the 5th, the French retreated back of Schwartz.—That the whole loss on both sides was supposed to be 50,000 men.—And that Bonaparte would have been taken prisoner, had he not been surrounded by his garde de corps, who saved him at the sacrifice of most of their own lives.
FROM CADIZ.
"The French and Spaniards, wounded in the battle off Trafalgar, amounting to 5000, have been exchanged. Their total loss in killed, wounded, &c. is not short of 15,000. There were few ships that had less than 300 killed and wounded.—The Trinidad had 500. Out of ten ships that escaped into Cadiz, there are not three worth repairing."
The Rochefort Squadron, we learn, has arrived at Guadeloupe, and sent about fifty prizes into Martinique.
We are happy to find a Resolution is brought forward in Congress, to suspend our commercial intercourse with England. If they continue to depredates on our commerce, and impress our seamen, as they are now in the habit of doing, we believe this to be the most efficient measure which can be adopted; and we are confident it will meet the cordial approbation of the great body of our citizens. (Chronicle.)
When under Mr. Adams all was artificial convulsion abroad, in order to insure harmony at home, we were loudly called to unanimity in our councils and dreadfully scourged were those, who dared to vote against the administration. Now when our trade has been embarrassed and our seamen impressed, and when it is peculiarly important that we do that justice to other nations, which we ask from them, Doctor Logan introduced a Bill for preventing intercourse with St. Domingo. The seven federal Senators (and there are only seven of them) voted against the Bill.—This shewed correctly their wish to unite in measures to aid commerce, establish peace, and secure a restitution for wrongs!
The English papers contain an account of the indictment of John Barrow, on a charge, "that he being an artificer in Iron and steel, was preparing to emigrate to a foreign country to work at his trade, contrary to statute." He was found guilty, and ordered to enter into recognizance to remain in the country, himself in 50l. and two sureties in 12l 10s each.
On this subject the editor of the Aurora urora observes: "Behold, you mechanics, husbandmen and laborers of every description, the blessings of British liberty!! a mechanic indicted and tried at the bar of a court called justice, like the vilest criminal; and for what? why, for preparing to emigrate to a foreign country—merchants and the rich may emigrate, but the mechanic is viewed as a felon if he attempts it. This is the country which boasts a slave cannot breathe on its soil! It may be true in respect to black slaves. This trial, however, is a proof that white slavery can exist even in Britain."
There are reports of insurrections among the blacks at Tobago—and at Aux-Cayes.
The increase of Counterfeit Bills is beyond example. So serious an evil deserves some remedy. All private business is embarrassed. The honest man engaged in a fair contract, is afraid to receive the just reward of his industry. The honest man trembles, while he pays his debts, least he should involve his innocent friend in trouble. It is said some new invention will remove this evil, and a Book can be printed to explain the invention. It certainly is necessary that the Bank holders should most seriously engage in their enquiries into the most effectual means, at least, to check an increasing and distressing evil.
FARMER'S BANK.
We are authorized to contradict the reports of the insolvency of the Farmer's Bank, in Gloucester, R. I. and the implication of some of its officers.—The Bank is in full credit, and its officers are all at their post.
Seventeen of the gang of Rhode-Island Counterfeiters have been apprehended. Sixteen are in jail in Providence, and one in Dedham.
DROWNED —In the Great Pond, in Middleboro', (Mats) on Saturday, the 8th inst Nicholas Power, and Nathan Bird, who belonged to Stoughton, drivers of the New-Bedford and Boston Mail Stage, and a young lady, a passenger with them, by the name of Polly Spooner, of New-Bedford.
Melancholy —We understand that a son of Mr. Warren Scott, of the back part of this town, aged about 14 years, was killed and torn to pieces by the wolves, a few days since while foddering the cattle. We are also informed that the wolves have destroyed a large number of sheep, near this village. (Newburg N. Y. pap.)
GAZETTE MARINE LIST:
Portsmouth, February 18, 1806. Sunday arrived brig Montezuma , Capt. Odiorne, in 25 days from St. Vincent.
At St. Lucia Dec. 24, Schooner Success , Harrow, Portsmouth.—At Port Royal, December 28, brig Polly , Janvins, for Portsmouth in 20 days.—At Trinidad Jan. 11, the Mary , for Portsmouth, in 15 days.
The ship Aurora , of Portsmouth, N. H., with 45,000 dolls. on board, has been captured by the British, carried into Gibraltar, and though bound from a neutral to a British port, her cargo was condemned!
MARRIED
In Petersburg, (Vir.) Mr. NATHANIEL LEE, aged 28 (after being three times married, and 11 ch. 49 grand ch. and 10 great grand ch.) to Miss ELIZA TUCKER aged 25!!!
In Dunstable, N. Hamp. Mr. ELIAS MAYNARD, to Miss JOANNA SHAW.
In this town on Sunday evening last, by the Rev. Dr. Bockminster, Mr. WM. STOCKER, merchant of Newburyport, to Miss ANN RINDGE ROGERS, daughter of Daniel R. Rogers, Esq. of this town.
BLED At Fort Cochrane, (N. H.) Sergeant JOHN GLENN, of the U.S. army, aged 31.
NATHANIEL ADAMS, and NATHANIEL ADAMS, jun'r. Having entered into partnership under the firm of
NATHANIEL ADAMS & SON, offer for sale at their store No. 4, Jaffrey's Row, Bow street,
A general assortment of West India GOODS AND GROCERIES, which will be sold cheap for cash, or in exchange for country produce. Portsmouth, February 18, 1806.
Just received and for sale by JAMES RUNDLET, No. 3, Market street,
A handsome assortment of Carpets and Carpeting. Other GOODS as usual, by wholesale and retail. Feb. 18.
FOR SALE; 20 gr. casks old Teneriffe WINE. Apply to EDWARD CUTTS: Portsmouth, Feb. 18, 1806.
Just arrived and for sale on board brig Montezuma , at Capt. Drisco's wharf, 70 Hhds. St. Vincent's RUM.
For terms, apply to AMOS FERNALD. Portsm. Feb. 18, 1806.
Drawing School.
GEORGE DAME, will commence his school for teaching young masters & misses in Drawing and Colouring, the 6th of March next if sufficient encouragement is afforded him in season.
*** A subscription paper is left with Mr. C. PIERCE, Daniel-street.
An excellent FARM FOR SALE.
FOR sale, a Farm in Newmcontaining about 100 acres, good mowing, tillage & pasture, with a two story House, two Barns and other necessary buildings all in good repair; said Farm is wooded, and contains a young orchard, from which was sold the past year 65 bbls. of cyder. For terms, apply to NATHANIEL PEASE, living on the premises. Newmarket, February 17, 1806.
NOTICE.
ALL persons having demands on the Overseers of the Poor in the town of Portsmouth for the Alms-house the year past, hereby desired to present their accounts for settlement to the subscribers on or before the 15th day of March next. NATH'L MARSHALL Portsmouth, February 15, 1806.
State of New-Hampshire—Stratford.
NOTICE is hereby given to the proprietors of Land in the township of BARNSTEAD, in said county, that at a meeting of said proprietors, holden at Barnstead, on the 22nd day of January, 1805, it was voted to raise one cent on each acre of land throughout said town, (public rights excepted) for the purpose of defraying the expenses of said proprietors, and the same committed to me for collection—Therefore if not paid to me, at my dwelling-house in said Barnstead, by the nineteenth day of March next, the lands will be advertised for sale as the law directs. February 11, 1806. BENJAMIN HODGDON, Proprietors Collector.
PUBLIC NOTICE
is hereby given, that the subscribers are duly appointed commissioners to receive, examine and adjust all the claims of the creditors of the estate of JOHN SMITH, late of Exeter, trader, deceased, represented insolvent;—and that they will attend said business at the dwelling-house of Benjamin Boardman, in said Exeter, on the last Monday of February instant, at 3 of the clock in the afternoon, and of the five following months. Feb. 12, 1806. SAMUEL GILMAN, NATHANIEL PARKER, JOSEPH SMITH.
The subscriber, being duly appointed executrix to the last will and testament of DANIEL JACKSON, late of Loudon, yeoman, deceased, and has given bonds as the law directs. All persons having demands against the estate of said deceased, are desired to exhibit them, and those indebted to said estate, are requested to make immediate payment. LYDIA JACKSON, Executrix. Loudon, February 15, 1806.
TO LET
Twenty acres good Pasture LAND lying in Rye—For terms, apply to the printer. Feb. 18, 1806.
WANTS A PLACE,
A GIRL, aged 14 years; can be well recommended—Inquire of the printer. Portsmouth, Feb. 18.

Miscellaneous Repository.  THE LIBERAL PRIEST. From the Rhode Island REPUBLICAN. A BITTER night the Parson cries, And safely locks the door, And then exclaims with uplift eyes "May God protect the poor." At nine to prayer the Parson goes With visage long and solemn, Prays for the poor sweeps o'er their woes, Then opens the Sacred Volume. Reads of the good Samaritan, And such like pious lore, Comments on what he reads—and then, Exclaims God help the poor. The Parson starts and trembling hears, A knocking at his door, A feeble voice salutes his ears "Kind sir protect the poor." Chill blows the wind soft falls the snow, "Tour pity I implore, Protect a hapless child of woe, Kind sir protect the poor." Alas the pious Saint replies, Thy misery I deplore, Ah me! in such a night as this, Who pities not the poor." Beggar we cant, receive thee here, To think it grieves me sore, Beggar good night, be of good cheer, God will protect the poor."
ON TITLES. Of the use of honorable titles in our country, I have never had but one opinion, and that opinion has been admirably expressed in a letter of Gen. Charles Lee, to Mr. Henry, when governor of Virginia. "There is a barbarism crept in among us, that extremely shocks me, I mean those tinsel epithets, with which we come in for my share) we are so flattered; His Excellency, and his Honor; The Honorable President of Congress, or the Honorable Colonel. This fulsome nautiating may be well enough adapted to monarchies; or to gratify adulterated pride of the magnanimous aristocracy; but in a free, manly equal commonwealth, it is quite abominable; for to own part I would as lief they put ratbane in my mouth, as to be addressed with which I am daily flattered. How much more true it was there in the simplicity of the Romans? Marcus Tullius Cicero, Decimo Bruto Imperator, or Caius Marcello Consul, his excellency Major General. My objections are perhaps pedantic and whimsical, but for my soul I cannot help flaring them. If, therefore, should sometime address a letter to you without the excellency tack, you must not esteem it a mark of disrespect or official disrespect, but the contrary." (Richmond paper.)
MECHANICS—The Favorites of Fortune. —The following five instances of rare good fortune have occurred within the small space of two years:—The 2d Literature Lottery, the prize of 25,000 dollars, was drawn Blacksmith, in the city of New-York. In the 3d Lottery, the 25,000 dollars came up the property of a Taylor in Baltimore—and the 10,000 dollars to a Taylor, in New-York.—A Shoemaker, in New-York, has the 20,000 dollars in the Road Lottery, now drawing in that city—and a Bookbinder, in Philadelphia, has the 10,000 dollars, in the Delaware Bridge Lottery, also now drawing.
On the evening of the 2nd inst. Mr. Pentland, editor of an able republican paper in Pittsburgh, entitled, 'The Commonwealth,' was way-laid in the evening by one of his political opponents by the name of Bates, a lawyer, who attempted to cow-hide him; but Mr. Pentland observing that Bates was accompanied by a number of his intimates, made his escape into a neighbour's house.
It seems Mr. Pentland had become obnoxious to the "friends of order" by the boldness and ability of his writings—that an attempt had been made to get him indicted; but the Grand Jury refused to find a Bill; and that, finding no other means of revenge, his enemies resolved to meet his writings with arguments truly federal—viz. whip & flog. So Mr. Bates began the argument in the way above related.
The next day Mr. Pentland sent Bates a challenge; who, on certain avowed grounds, refused to accept; and Pentland posted him for a coward and poltroon.
In the next opposition paper, Bates, published some harsh reflection upon Mr. Stewart, a friend of Pentland, who was the bearer of his challenge. The consequence of which was, a challenge sent to Bates, from Stewart. They met on the 8th inst. at the second fire Bates fell, and expired in about an hour.
It is said further that a mob of the "friends of order" and of Bates, paraded the streets and threatened to demolish Mr. Pentland's office; but were dispersed by the militia.
GENTEELED BOARDING.  Moses Woodward, RESPECTFULLY informs his friends that he has opened a BOARDING HOUSE in Broad-street, opposite the Post Office, where a small number of gentlemen may be very genteely accommodated.—Those that are pleased to favour him with their company, he ventures to assure them they shall meet with ample satisfaction—He also keeps Stabling for HORSES, and the best of Hay. Portsmouth, February 4, 1806.
Moses Copps, RESPECTFULLY informs the inhabitants of Portsmouth and the public in general, that he has opened a SHOE STORE in Buck-street, where he keeps constantly for sale a general assortment of Gentlemen's Boots & Shoes; Also—Ladies and Children's morocco, kid and leather SHOES of all kinds, as cheap as can be purchased in this town. Portsmouth, February, 4, 1806.
WANTED —A steady servant MAID, who is acquainted with plain cooking and common house work;—Also, a GIRL of 14 or 15 years of age; good recommendations are required. To such generous wages will be given—Apply to the Printers.—Portsmouth, Jan. 28.
State of New-Hampshire—Grafton, ss. NOTICE is hereby given to the non-resident owners of land in NEW-CHESTER, in the county of Grafton and State of New-Hampshire, who have not paid their taxes for the year 1805—that unless they pay said taxes to me the subscriber, on or before Thursday the 17th day of April next, so much of their land as will pay the same, together with incidental charges, will be sold at public vendue, at the dwelling-house of the subscriber in said New-Chester, at ten of the clock in the forenoon on said day, unless prevented by previous payment. The following lots are in the 3d division—
   Names. No. of Lots. School tax. Town tax. School tax. Town tax. School tax. Town tax.     John Mann, 44 77 88 42 93 4 3   Henry Hall, 16 100 43 43 64 15 0   John Aikin, 17 100 28 93 48 98 4   Mark Carr, 18 100 36 36 54 126 5   Nath'l Ingals, 25 50 14 14 81 49 9   Soley & March, 26 100 98 98 48 98 4   Robert Fletcher 87 100 72 72 108 258 9   Thomas Wells 33 100 28 28 42 98 4   M at Thornton 41 30 9 9 14 33 1   Robert White, 47 50 15 15 23 53 2   John M ur phy 58 25 7 7 11 25 1   Timothy Ingals, 54 100 36 36 54 126 5   T. Wallingford, 56 80 6 6 9 81 1   M at Thornton 90 32 8 8 12 48 1  
   Names. No. of Lots. School tax. Town tax. School tax. Town tax. School tax. Town tax.     John Coffelloe, 8 24 24 36 84 3 3   Geo. Aikin, 3 24 24 36 84 3 3   Thomas Parker, 4 24 24 36 84 3 3  
   No. of Lots. School tax. Town tax. School tax. Town tax. School tax. Town tax.     1 100 28 28 42 98 4   2 100 28 28 42 98 4   4 100 28 28 42 98 4   5 13 4 4 6 14 1  
PHINEHAS SARGENT, Collector. New-Chester, January 21, 1806.
State of New-Hampshire—Coos, ss.
NOTICE is hereby given to the non-resident proprietors and owners of land in the town of PIERCY, State and county aforesaid, who have not paid their highway, county, school and town taxes for the year 1805—that so much of their lands as will pay said taxes together with incidental charges, will be sold at public vendue, at the dwelling-house of the subscriber in said Piercy aforesaid, on the third Monday of May next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, unless prevented by previous payment to me the subscriber.
   Original Proprietors Names. No. of Lots. Division. No. Acres. Highway tax. County tax. School tax. Town tax.     Jesse Johnson, jun. 128 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 99 1 120 36 2 10 12   ditto undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   Mark Rogers, 74 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 80 1 120 30 2 10 12   ditto undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   Francis Little, 124 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 134 2 120 30 2 10 12   ditto undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   Hubartus Neal, 82 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 44 2 120 30 2 10 12   ditto undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   Thomas Martin, Esq. 123 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 63 2 120 30 2 10 12   ditto undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   Edward Ayes, 84 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 89 2 120 30 2 10 12   ditto undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   Joshua Martin, 25 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 58 2 120 30 2 10 12   ditto undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   Samuel Lear, 140 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 79 2 120 30 2 10 12   ditto undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   John Noble, 151 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 38 2 120 30 2 10 12   ditto, undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0   William Lee Perkins, 11 1 60 18 1 5 7   ditto, 120 2 120 30 2 10 12   ditto undivided, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  
Piercy February 4, 1806.
LIME. —For sale by  EBEN R. THOMPSON, Thomaston & Nova Scotia LIME. Portsmouth Feb. 4, 1805.
Notice is hereby given, THAT the subscriber has been duly appointed by the Hon. Judge of Probate for the county of Rockingham, guardian of NATHANIEL WIGGIN, of Epsom, adjudged and determined to be non compos mentis; and has accepted of the trust and given bonds as the law directs—All persons are hereby warned against making any bargain with the said Nathaniel Wiggin, as all such would be null and void; and against giving him credit, as no debts he may contract will be recoverable or paid.—All persons that may be indebted to him, are notified to make payment to the subscriber; and all having any just demands against his estate, to exhibit them. BENJAMIN WIGGIN. Epsom, February 1, 1806.
NOTICE. ALL persons having demands on the estate of  ISAAC RINDGE, late of Portsmouth, Esquire, deceased, are desired to exhibit them to the subscriber for settlement, and all those who are indebted to said estate, are requested to make immediate payment unto SAMUEL PEARSE, Executor. Portsmouth, Jan. 21, 1806. 6w.
NOTICE is hereby given, that the subscriber has been duly appointed Executor of the last will of SAMUEL HALL, late of Portsmouth, truckman, deceased; and having taken upon himself that trust by giving bonds as the law directs, he requests all persons that have any demands on the estate of said deceased, to exhibit them for settlement—and calls on all persons indebted to said estate, to make immediate payment without delay. STACY HALL, Executor. Portsmouth, February 11, 1806.
FOR SALE, A NEAT CONVENIENT DWELLING HOUSE, pleasantly situated on Washington and Gate-streets opposite Mr. Amos Fernald's, and lately occupied by Mr. Nath'l W. Fernald.—It is accommodated with the Acqueduct and has an excellent cellar under the whole—apply to H. S. LANGDON. Portsmouth, February 11.
LAST NOTICE. ALL persons indebted to the subscriber either by note or account, are hereby requested to call on Mr. WILLIAM WALKER, (at No. 1, Bow-street,) and pay the same to him, on or before the first of April next—all demands unpaid at that time, will be lodged with an Attorney for collection. THOMAS KENNARD. Portsmouth, February 11, 1806.
TO LET, A Three story Ware-House at the head of the Pier, apply to JOHN LANGDON, jr. Langdon's Wharf, Feb. 4, 1806.
LOST— NEAR the Spring in Portsmouth, a silver cased WATCH; whoever has found one and will apply to Davenport's inn, may there see a particular description of the one lost, and be rewarded for finding, by J. DAVENPORT. January 28.
New Book Store, Portsmouth New Hampshire, (corner of Congress & Vaughan-streets.)
ISAIAH THOMAS, jun. & CHARLES TAPPAN, respectfully inform the Public that they have commenced business in Portsmouth, under the firm of  THOMAS & TAPPAN, where they are now opening a large and extensive assortment of BOOKS and STATIONARY: which will positively be sold on as low terms as they can be obtained in Boston or elsewhere; among which are the following, viz. L A W.
Bacon's Abridgment; American Precedents of Declarations; Espinasse's Digest of the Law of Actions and Trials at Nisi Prius; Laws of the United States of America; Laws of New-Hampshire; Laws (perpetual) of Massachusetts, Montequieu's Spirit of Laws, Story's Pleadings, Tidd's Practical forms, Powell on Contracts, Tidd on Bills of Exchange, Blackstone's Commentaries; Marshall on Insurance.
PHYSIC. Parkinson's Medical Admonitions to Families; Buchanan's Domestic Medicine; Denman's Midwifery; Smillic's do.; Brown's Elements of Medicine; Edinburgh New Dispensatory; Elliot's Medical Pocket-Book; Bell on Ulcers; Cullen's Materia Medica; Barrowell's Physical Investigation; Townsend's Vade Mecum.
DIVINITY. Hunter's Sacred Biography; Lathrop's Sermons; Lee's do.; Doddridge's Rise and Progress of Religion in the Soul; Wright's new and complete Book of Martyrs; Vindication of Divine Providence; Fuller's Life of Peirce; Newton's Dissertations on the Prophecies; Life of Christ; Estlin's Gospel Sermons; Arguments natural, moral and religious, for the immortality of the Soul; Fellenberg's Explanation of the Science of Sanctity; Whitby's Discourses; Church Prayer Book; Hannah Adam's View of Religion; Acyprhon, or the Minute Philosopher; Brown's D.Gionary of the Bible; Beauties of the Bible; Burkitt's Exposition of the New-Testament; Dacie's Sermons; Edwards' History of Redemption; Edwards on Religious Affections; Edwards' Dissertations on liberty and necessity; Edwards on the Will; Songs in the Night; Massillon's Sermons; Strong's do.; Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, with notes; Exercises of Piety; The Four Gospels; Psalms and Hymns; Josephus abridged; Mosheim's Ecclesiastical History; Village Sermons; Hervey's Meditations; Mendon Evidences; Maynard's Josephus, (folio); Blair's Sermons; Boston's Four Fold Estate; Jay's Sermons; Logan's do.; Bible Stories; BIBLES of all sizes and qualities; Hawte's Church History; Whitefield's 18 Sermons; Wilberforce's View of Religion; Stoddard on Judgment; Life of Joseph; Price's Sermons; Wau's Glory of Christ; Token for Children.
MISCELLANIES. Beauties of the Spectator, Tatler and Guardian; Don Quixote; Forsyth on fruit Trees; Greek Testament, printed on a large and fair type; Haller's first lines of Philosophy; Johnson's Dictionary; Zoonomia, or the Laws of organic Life; Davidson's Virgil; Colman's Broad Grins; Obi, or the history of three fingered Jack; The Moral Monitor; The Alcoran of Mahomet; Art of preserving Health, a poem; Atala, or the love and constancy of two Savages in the desert; Belknap's History of New-Hampshire; Builder's easy Guide, or young Carpenter's Assistant; Builder's pocket Treasure; Builder's Jewel; Blair's Rhetoric; Volney's Ruins; Massachusett's Justice; Town Officer; Beauties of the Creation; Gordon's history of the United States of America; Pindar's Tears and Smiles; Plutarch's Lives; Life of Bonaparte; Gentleman's Miscellany; Kaim's Elements of Criticism; Female Mentor; Flowers of modern Travels; Cook's Voyages; Sky Lark; Mavor's historical account of the most celebrated Voyages, Travels and Discoveries, from the time of Columbus to the present period; Rollin's Ancient History; Morfe's Universal Geography, new edition, with Atlas; do. do. abridged; Morfe's elements of Geography; Morfe's Universal Gazetteer; American Clerk's Magazine; Hamilton's Letters on the elementary principles of Education; Collectanea Graeca Minora; Pike's Hebrew Lexicon; a perpetual Almanack, by which may be found, the day of the week or month in any year to come; Farmer's Dictionary; Indian Wars; Cicero's Oration; Federal Calculator; Brydone's Tour; Charlotte Temple; Italian Nun; Beggar Girl; Sailor Boy; Rasselas and Dinabus; Joseph Andrews; Man of Feeling; Wonderful Story Teller; Amusing Companion; Evelina; Gonzalvo; Infernal Conference; Interesting Anecdotes; Indian Contager; D'Israeli's Romances; St. Leon; Pleasures of Imagination; Werter and Charlotte; Romance of the Forest; Foresters; Arabian Nights; French Convert; Emily Hamilton; George Barnwell; Farmer's Boy; Fables of Flora; Inchanted Plants; Mock Bird; Ovid's Art of Love; Telamachus; Memorial Tales; Gravelly Abbey; Man of Feeling; Boarding School; Mirror; Edwy and Edelda; Sandford and Merton; Camilla; Vicar of Wakefield; Algerine Captive; Ferdinand and Almira; Don Raphael; Art of Fortune Telling; Baron Trenk; Denon's Travels; Memoirs of Mrs. Coghlan; Harris's Encyclopedia; Cowper's Life, do. Poems; Pleasing Instructor; Stanton's Embassy; Cowper's Task; Sullivan's District of Maine; Memoirs of Gen. Heath; Franklin's Life; Complete Duty of Man; Spectator; Bloomfield's Poems; Elop's Fables (Latin and English); Kaim's Elements; Washington's Letters; M c Neil's Poems; Pinkerton's do.; Male and Female Biography, with Engravings; the Poetical Works of Armstrong, Green, Gray, Milton, Watts, Akenside, Thompson, Burns, Pope and Young, with elegant Engravings, each author separate; Carver's Travels; Beggar Boy; Almanacks and Registers.
SINGING BOOKS.
Worcester Collection, 8th Edition; Holyokes Melic; Bridgewater Collection; No. 1. Hampton do.; Harmony of Harmonies; Rural Harmony; Village Harmony; Middlesex Harmony; Law's Musical Primer.