The New-Hampshire gazette and general advertiser (Portsmouth [N.H.]), 1788-06-12 00:00:00

NEW-HAMPSHIRE AND GENERAL THURSDAY, PORTSMOUTH: By JOHN MELCHER,
GAZETTE, THE ADVERTISER.
JUNE 12, 1788.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED IN MARKET-STREET.
“WHEN ANGRY NATIONS PART IN LEAGUES OF PEACE, LET PRIVATE FEUDS AND CIVIL DISCORDS CEASE.”
AN ACT
Passed June 28th, 1787,
For altering the time for holding the Superior Court in the county of Cheshire, and for altering the time and place for holding the Superior Court in the county of Grafton.
Whereas the Superior Court of Judicature, that by law, was to have been holden at Charlestown on the third Tuesday of May last, by order of the Justices of said Court, was adjourned to the Monday next preceding the second Tuesday of October next; and whereas the Superior Court of Judicature, that by law was to have been holden at Plymouth on the fourth Tuesday of May last, by order of the Justices of said Court, was adjourned to the Monday next preceding the third Tuesday of October next, which adjournments interfering with the next circuit Courts, and it appearing necessary, that the said Superior Court should sit at Charlestown and Keen, for the county of Cheshire,
Therefore,
BE it enacted by the SENATE and HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in GENERAL-COURT convened, That the superior court of judicature, by law to be held at Keen, on the second Tuesday of October next, be, and hereby is adjourned until the Third Tuesday of October next. And the superior court of judicature, that stands adjourned as aforesaid, to be held at Plymouth, in the county of Grafton, on the Monday next preceding the third Tuesday of October next, shall be held at Haverhill, in said county of Grafton, on the Monday next preceding the fourth Tuesday of October next: and the superior court, which by law is to be holden at Haverhill, in said county of Grafton, on the third Tuesday of October next, be, and hereby is adjourned until the Fourth Tuesday of October next; whereof all persons are to take notice and govern themselves accordingly. And all appeals, recognizances, writs, venires, or processes of any kind, that are returnable to, or sustainable by said courts respectively, shall be returned to, sustained by, and prosecuted in like manner, as tho' the said adjournments had not taken place, any law, usage or custom to the contrary notwithstanding.
AN ACT
Passed June 28th, 1787,
To quiet all bona fide purchasers of lands, between a line crossing over lands upon a straight course, from the northeast extremity of the east line of Mason's patent, being sixty miles from the sea, on a straight line, and running to the extremity of the western side line of said patent, at sixty miles distance from the sea, on a straight line, and the curve line, (so called) claimed by the persons calling themselves the Masonian Proprietors, as the head line of said patent.
Whereas doubts may arise in the minds of honest settlers, and bona fide purchasers, that they may be disturbed in their possessions, if the lands between the said head line, at the end of sixty miles, and the said curve line, should be recovered and taken possession of by the State: Wherefore to remove all such doubts,
BE it enacted by the SENATE andHOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in GENERAL-COURT convened, That all lands situate between the said curve, and straight lines, which were bona fide granted, or sold by the king of Great-Britain, or by the persons calling themselves the Masonian Proprietors, or by the persons claiming the lands within the said patent, in the right of Samuel Allen, Esq., prior to the first day of June, 1786, be and hereby are quieted in the
title of lands so purchased, so far as that the state shall not hereafter disturb, or interfere with such titles.
And be it further enacted, That such persons as have entered and made improvements upon tracts of land between the said curve and straight lines, that have not been heretofore granted or sold, by the king of Great-Britain, to the Masonian Proprietors, or the heirs of Samuel Allen, Esq. such persons or inhabitants shall be quieted in their possession, upon paying to the state the value of uncultivated lands in the vicinity of the same.
And be it further enacted, That all boundaries of all townships within this state, shall be, and remain as heretofore fixed and established, notwithstanding any alteration that may happen in the establishment of the head line of said patent.
Provided nevertheless, That nothing in this act contained, shall be construed to extend to lands now claimed by persons commonly called the Masonian Proprietors, or their heirs; or the proprietors, claiming under Samuel Allen, Esq. or their heirs, in their own right; or any township granted or conveyed to, and among themselves, not bona fide conveyed to any other persons, or to any lands reserved by them, or either of them, to & for the use of themselves and their heirs.
OBSERVATIONS on the CONSTITUTION proposed by the FEDERAL CONVENTION.
ANOTHER question remains. How are the contributed rights to be managed? The resolution has been in great measure anticipated, by what has been said concerning the system proposed. Some few reflections may perhaps finish it.
If it can be considered separately, Constitution is the organization of the contributed rights in society. Government is certainly the exercise of them. It is intended for the benefit of the governed; of course can have no just powers but what conduce to that end: and the awfulness of the trust is demonstrated in this—that it is founded on the nature of man, that is, on the will of his MAKER, and is therefore sacred.
Let the reader be pleased to consider the writer, as treating of equal liberty with reference to the people and states of United America, and their moderate confederation.
If the organization of a constitution be defective, it may be amended.
A good constitution promotes, but not always produces a good administration.
The government must never be lodged in a single body. From such an one, with an unlucky composition of its parts, rash, partial, illegal, and when intoxicated with success, even cruel, insolent and contemptible edicts, may at times be expected. —By these, if other mischiefs do not follow,—the national dignity may be impaired.
Several inconveniences might attend a division of the government into two bodies, that probably would be avoided in another arrangement.
The judgment of the most enlightened among mankind, confirmed by multiplied experiments, points out the propriety of government being committed to such a number of great departments, as can be introduced without confusion, distinct in office, and yet connected in operation.—It seems to be agreed, that three or four of these departments are a competent number.
Such a repartition appears well calculated to increase the safety and repose of the governed, which with the advancement of their happiness in other respects, are the objects of government; as thereby there will be more obstructions interposed against errors, feuds, and frauds, in the administration, and the interference of the
people need be less frequent. Thus wars, tumults, and uneasinesses, are avoided.—The departments so constituted, may therefore be said to be balanced.
But, notwithstanding, it must be granted, that a bad administration may take place. What is then to be done? The answer is instantly found—Let the FACES be lowered before—not the Majesty, it is not a term fit for mortals—but, before the supreme sovereignty of the people. It is their duty to watch, and their right to take care, that the Constitution be preserved; or in the Roman phrase on perilous occasions—to provide, that the republic receive no damage.
Political bodies are properly said to be balanced, with respect to this primary origination and ultimate destination, not to any intrinsic or constitutional properties. It is the power from which they proceed, and which they serve, that truly and of right balances them.
But, as a good constitution not always produces a good administration, a defective one not always excludes it. Thus in governments very different from those of United America, general manners and customs, improvement in knowledge, and the education and disposition of princes, not frequently soften the features, and qualify the defects. Jewels of value are substituted in the place of the rare and genuine orient of highest price and brightness: and though the sovereigns cannot even in their ministers, be brought to account by the governed, yet there are instances of their conduct indicating a veneration for the rights of the people, and an internal conviction of the guilt that attends their violation. Some of them appear to be fathers of their countries. Revered princes! Friends of mankind! May peace be in their lives, and hope fit smiling in their beds of death.
By this animating, presiding will of the people, is meant a reasonable, not a distracted will. When frenzy seizes the mass, it would be madness to think of their happiness, that is, of their freedom. They will infallibly have a Philip or Cæsar , to bleed them into soberness of mind. At present we are cool; and let us attend to our business.
Our government under the proposed confederation, will be guarded by a repetition of the strongest cautions against excesses. In the senate, the sovereignities, of the several states will be equally represented; in the house of representatives, the people of the whole union will be equally represented; and, in the president, and the federal independent judges, so much concerned in the execution of the laws, and in the determination of their constitutionality, the sovereignities of the several states and the people of the whole union, will be conjointly represented.
Where was there ever or where is there now upon the face of the earth, a government so diversified and attempted? If a work formed with so much deliberation, so respectful and affectionate an attention to the interests, feelings, and sentiments of all United America, will not satisfy,—what would satisfy all United America?
It seems highly probable, that those who would reject this labour of public love, would also have rejected the Heaven-taught institution of trial by jury, had they been consulted upon its establishment.—Would they not have cried out, that there never was framed so detestable, so paltry, and so tyrannical a device for extinguishing freedom, and throwing unbounded domination into the hands of the kings and barons, under a contemptible pretence of preserving it? What! Can freedom be preserved by imprisoning its guardians? Can freedom be preserved, by keeping twelve men closely confined without meat, drink, fire, or candle, until they unanimously agree, and this to be infinitely
repeated? Can freedom be preserved, by thus delivering up a number of freemen to a monarch and an aristocracy, fortified by dependant and obedient judges and officers, to be shut up until under duress they speak as they are ordered?—Why can't the twelve jurors separate, after hearing the evidence, return to their respective homes, and there take time, and think of the matter at their ease? Is there not a variety of ways, in which causes have been, and can be tried, without this tremendous, unprecedented inquisition? Why then is it insisted on; but because the fabricators of it know that it will, and intend that it shall reduce the people to slavery? Away with it—Freemen will never be enthralled by so insolent, so execrable, so pitiful a contrivance.
Happily for us our ancestors thought otherwise. They were not so over-nice and curious, as to refuse blessings, because they might possibly be abused.
They perceived, that the uses included were great and manifest. Perhaps they did not foresee, that from this acorn, as it were, would grow up oaks, that changing their native soil for another element, would bound over raging mountains of waters, bestow and receive benefits around the globe, and secure the just liberties of the nations for a long succession of ages. * As to abuses, they trusted to their own spirit for preventing or correcting them: And worthy is it of deep consideration by every friend of freedom, that abuses that seem to be but “trifles” † may be attended by fatal consequences. What can be “trifling” that diminishes or detracts from the only defence that ever was found against “open attacks and secret machinations.” ‡ It originates from a knowledge of human nature. With a superior force, wisdom, and benevolence united, it rives the difficulties that have distressed, or destroyed the rest of mankind. It reconciles contradictions, immensity of power, with safety of private station. It is ever new and always the same.
Trial by jury and the dependance of taxation upon representation, those corner stones of liberty, were not obtained by a bill of rights, or any other records, and have not been and cannot be preserved by them. They and all other rights must be preserved by soundness of sense and honesty of heart. Compared with these, what are a bill of rights, or any character drawn upon paper or parchment, those frail remembrancers! Do we want to be reminded, that the sun enlightens, warms, invigorates and cheers? or how horrid it would be, to have his blessed beams intercepted, by our being thrust into mines and dungeons? Liberty is the sun of freemen, and the beams are their rights.
“It is the duty which every man owes to his country, his friends, his posterity, and himself, to maintain to the utmost of his power this valuable palladium in all its rights; to restore it to its ancient dignity, if at all impaired by the different value of property, or otherwise deviated from its first institution; to amend it, wherever it is defective; || and above all, to guard with the most jealous circumspection against the new and arbitrary methods of trial, which, under a variety of plausible pretences, may in time imperceptibly undermine this best preservative of liberty.” § Trial by jury is our birth right; and tempted to his own ruin, by some seducing spirit, must be the man, who in opposition to the genius
* Blackstone, III, 379.
† Idem, IV, 350.
‡ Idem III, 381.
|| See an enumeration of defects in trials by jury. Blackstone, III, 331.
§ Idem, III, 350.

of United America, shall dare to attempt its subversion.
In the proposed confederation, it is preferred inviolable in criminal cases, and cannot be altered in other respects, but when the genius of United America demands it.
There seems to be a disposition in men to find fault, no difficult matter, rather than to do right. The works of creation itself have been objected to: and one learned prince declared, that if he had been consulted, they would have improved. With what book has so much fault been found, as with the Bible? Perhaps, principally, because it so clearly and strongly enjoins men to do right. How many, how plausible objections have been made against it, with how much ardor, and pains? Yet, the book has done immensity of good in the world; would do more, if duly regarded; and might lead the objectors themselves and their posterity to perpetual happiness, if they would value it as they ought.
When objections are made to a system of high import, should they not be weighed against the benefits? Are these great, positive, immediate? Is there a chance of endangering them by rejection or delay? May they not be attained without admitting the objections, supposing the objections to be well founded? If the objections are well founded, may they not be hereafter admitted without danger, disgust or inconvenience? Is the system so formed, that they may be thus admitted? May they not be of less efficacy, than they are tho' to be by their authors? Are they not designed to hinder evils, which are generally deemed to be sufficiently provided against? May not the admission of them prevent benefits, that might otherwise be obtained? In political affairs, is it not more safe and advantageous, for all to agree in measures that may not be best, than quarrel among themselves, what are best?
When questions of this kind with regard to the plan proposed, are calmly considered, it seems reasonable to hope every faithful citizen of United America, will make up his mind, with much satisfaction to himself, and advantage to his country. FABIUS, No. IV.
For the NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTE.
ON CATHOLICISM.
IT must give great pleasure to every generous mind, to see mankind, in various parts of the globe, casting off that narrow, selfish principle of bigotry, which would wish to exclude all from even a charitable hope of their being in the favour or even protection of Heaven, unless they believed the same creed, and worshipped in the same manner, and totally behaved according to that rigidity and mortification, that monkish austerity, gloomy melancholy, and enthusiasm, prescribed in former ages.
In America, in particular, is this liberality, charity, and catholicism, extending far and wide:— Since our separation from Britain, every man, and every body of men, may believe and worship as they please.—Now we hear not of those instances of intolerancy and persecution that have disgraced the history of America in past years.—Now we hear of no combinations to destroy the religious rights and privileges of others, under the pretext of promoting piety. And it must be pleasing, indeed, to see the larger towns on this continent, imitated by every little village, in casting away the trifling contentions about names; and the name of Bishop, once dreaded, as allied to Pope & Inquisition, familiarly used, and men of that appellation not only consecrated in large cities, but daily ordained in small parishes. The gown and cassock, the sash and band, no longer affright us, being promiscuously used by all—And Boston,
at this day, exhibits to the world a sight that once would have been dreaded as productive of every thing but good, in a minister, ordained by the parishioners (according to the ancient constitution of the independent churches) clothed in a surplice, kneeling in worship, and using a form of prayer and organ in divine service, and associated with the ministers of the neighbouring churches, in the bands of society and brotherhood.
Such a departure as this, from so opposite a deportment in days of ignorance and bigotry, must inspire all benevolent, liberal men, with the most pleasing hopes, that in a time, not far distant, we shall see the odious distinction of parties abolished, and America, whilst she is rising to higher, and yet higher degrees of refinement, copying these examples, more and more, unshackling the human mind, and enlarging the bands of affection; and that, in order to give due dignity to office, her chief magistrates and rulers will be habited in the vestments of their places; and whilst ecclesiasticks wish and are emulous to serve the public, with their learning, influence, and abilities, that they will be clothed universally in the robes of their order, and distinguished, not only by the purity of their lives and doctrines, but by their honorary degrees as friends and benefactors not only to America, but to the world.
Most of these pleasing circumstances we must attribute to our Independence, and connection with our great and good ally Lewis of France, the protector of the rights of mankind from tyranny.
For the NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTE.
To the Members of the New Hampshire CONVENTION.
GENTLEMEN,
THE time draws nigh in which the Convention of this State is to adopt or reject the Constitution. Eight States have already adopted it, and should we but make the ninth, would it not be much to our credit? South Carolina has adopted it by a majority of seventy-six. Virginia Convention are now in session, but, it is expected, they will be three or four weeks before they determine: the last accounts are very favourable, some say there is a majority of 14, others say, of 24.
It is the most ardent wish of every federal man in the State, that the members who are in favor of the Constitution, would use their utmost influence on those of the opposite party; for, should the Convention be adjourned again, or the Constitution entirely rejected, we may bid adieu to all government: we shall see our sister States enjoying themselves under a strong, permanent government, whilst we and Rhode-Island are labouring under Tender-Laws, Paper-Money, &c.
A FEDERAL MECHANIC.
For the NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTE.
MR. MELCHER,
I THINK we are become the laughing-stock of all nations, and we are quite blind; our eyes have been shut for some years past—but some, whose eyes are now open, cannot bear to see the British flag fly in our harbours, when we durst not come within three leagues of their West-India islands.—Americans! how can you bear this?—Here we stand still! our vessels rotting by the wharves! our seamen starving! tradesmen out of employ! money there is none! and business of all sorts stagnated!—And, now, to see British vessels come and carry away the produce of America, which ought to be
carried by our own people, and in our own vessels!—Is it not enough to make one say,—Arise! and awake! ye sleepy Americans!
I am, Sir,
Your humble servant. Y.
For the NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTE.
AS it is the evident intention of a large number of the citizens of this town to make choice of the following gentlemen as their Representatives, viz. GEORGE GAINS and SAMUEL HALE, Esquires, and Col. JAMES SHEAFFE, at the approaching election, it is hoped that the same unanimity which, to its great honor and emolument, has of late been conspicuous in this town, will still prevail, in the choice of men so well deserving of public trust and confidence.
CONCORD.
NASSAU, (New-Providence) April 19.
Extract of a letter from Colonel ALEXANDER M'GILVREY, Chief of the Creek Indians, dated Little Tallasse, Jan. 9.
"In my last I informed you, that the Georgians had barbarously murdered eleven of my people on the hunting grounds, for which we demanded satisfaction in form. Instead of complying with this our just demand, they returned us a defiance, conceived in the most insolent terms, and threatened to drive us over the Mississippi. I came then to the determination to accept the alternative of compelling them to take refuge on the sea islands, or being forced to the threatened extremity. In consequence of having decided in this manner, our warriors turned out, spread devastation on all the frontiers, and excited a general panick and consternation throughout the whole state. You must be sensible, my friend, and so must every dispassionate man be, that the obstinate perseverance of the Georgians in acts of injustice, barbarity and oppression, obliged as to have recourse to such desperate resolves. Self-preservation, the love of country, and every other sentiment that dignifies human nature, dictated them; nor will we throw aside the bloody hatchet, until our enemies desist from their encroachment on our territory, and give such assurances as we can rely on, for their never being renewed in future times."
Extract of a letter from West-Florida dated February 24, 1788.
"The newspapers you sent, inform us that the Georgians are alarmed.—Those vaunting folks had better regulate their conduct towards the Indians by plain common honesty; then they would have no cause of fear or alarm. Clark's affair, by the accounts we have, can be deemed nothing more than a smart skirmish, in which the Georgians, notwithstanding their boasted booty of a few brass kettles, were woefully worsted although they were thrice the number of the Creeks, and had into the bargain the advantage of surprising the Indians while they were cooking their broth. In a variety of other little actions since then, victory has been uniformly in favour of the Red men. Here the generally received opinion is, that the ruin of Georgia might have been, ere this, effected, had not M'Gilveray restrained the Indians from going beyond the boundaries of their own lands. The territory, the original cause of dispute, is effectually cleared of intruders; and if the Georgians are wise enough to keep within their own limits and promise better behaviour in future, the horrors of war will soon cease. It will afford you satisfaction to learn that on the part of the Creeks, acts of cruelty, hitherto characteristic of Indian warfare, are, in a great degree, if not altogether, discontinued. We have not known an instance of prisoners having suffered after action; but several of them being brought into the nation and treated with humanity—a striking contrast this, to the barbarous murders committed last summer, by the Georgians, on the unfortunate Cusitaws."
Extract of a letter from Charleston, dated April 5, 1788.
"A few days ago arrived here from Cuba, a brig, and a sloop, with between thirty and forty thousand dollars on board besides mahogany and hides. These vessels I understand were positively bound for Nassau, but upon their hearing of the seizure of a sloop from St. Augustine, they thought it prudent to alter their voyage for this place. I am afraid this seizure will be the means of hurting your trade with the Spaniards."
S A V A N N A H, May 8.
On or about the night of the 25th ultimo, Mr. Burnet, mentioned to be wounded, and then remaining at his fort on Turtle River, having his two sons, a Dr. Wicham, another white man, and two negroes, with him, was suddenly attacked by a numerous body of the Indians, who took possession of the fort, and compelled Burnet's party to retire to the block-house, after scalping one of the negroes.—A smart action then commenced, which ended with the retreat of the Indians, after wounding one of the young Burnet's, and several balls brushing the cloths and hat of the Doctor.
A letter from Sunbury, dated yesterday, mentions, that a few days ago, at Sapelo, a man was fired at while milking his cow; the cow was killed, but her owner fortunately escaped unhurt.
B A L T I M O R E, May 20.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Paris, to his friend in this town, dated February 3, 1788.
"I have much satisfaction in informing you, that the laws constituted by the Federal Convention, have made great noise in Europe. In England they are so much admired, that they have been printed, and are profitable to the Printer—every body praises them, but more than they otherwise would, did they not flatter their laws, which they esteem the most perfect. In France, they are highly esteemed also, and the sentiments upon them more liberal:—The parliaments of France, but particularly that of Paris, for some time past have endeavoured to clip the wings of their Monarch, to prevent his high flights, and in fact have been seeking after something, and at last, like a divine charm, have met with that which opens their eyes, and restores them to light; the late laws, of which we are speaking, have produced those effects—they have been before the parliament of Paris as a model of wisdom, to be copied after—they were there amply discussed, and most ably defended by a majority of the house; however, there was one member violent in his opposition; but from one of his speeches you will find that prejudice influenced him. "Do you think," says he, "gentlemen, that an old nation like this, will take for its model the laws of an infant country, which does not yet know how to carry the bread to its mouth! No!" This you see is ridiculous, and not only repugnant to the opinions of some of the greatest politicians, but even to nature and common sense; and contradicted by innumerable facts, many of which were pointed out to him, the next day, by the Count de Mirabeau, who took an opportunity of exposing him in the public papers, and therefore of extolling America to the stars, by saying that, in less than thirty years, it would become the most renowned empire of the four parts of the world, and this I can tell you, is a very general opinion. The objections here to the constitution are, that the presidents ought not to be chosen during their good behaviour, but for a certain time only, that the honour may not be a matter of too much contention, which would generally be the cause of bloodshed, slaughter, anarchy, and confusion; that the executive and legislative powers ought to be separated, and there should be a bill of rights. The states of Holland, sensible of the rising progress of America, from considering its resources, its commerce, and the disposition of its inhabitants, have offered Congress, thro' the hands of Mr. Jefferson, the American ambassador at Paris, a loan of 800000. sterling, to be delivered as soon as there is a permanent government established, —certain that their money will be more secure in the American funds, than in any other whatever.—Their reasoning is sensible, and founded upon just principles.—They say that America is large and extensive, and must soon become opulent from its commerce; that since the peace, they have sunk eight millions of their debt, and have still a principal to sink the capital entirely, that which no other country whatever thinks of, and that after that is once accomplished, America will be one of the most free and unembarrassed nations in the universe.—To give you an idea more particularly of the opinions of the Hollanders, an American gentleman had purchased a number of continental certificates, at twelve per cent with which he went to Holland, not expecting to make any thing by them; but when he arrived there, he found the inhabitants so well disposed towards the Americans, and having so

good an opinion of their property, that he sold his certificates at 60 per cent. to the amount of £. 150,000 sterling,—This you may depend upon as fact, for I have it from the best authority.”
PROVIDENCE, June 5. Extract of a letter from North-Carolina, dated May 14, 1788.
“We are all in an anxious state of suspence, waiting the event of the new Constitution. I attended our assembly last December, and from the most accurate statement we could make, two thirds of the members were in Favour of the measure.—After which 3 or 4 designing men, of Influence in the back counties, whose interest it is to promote a State of Anarchy, set out violently in opposition to it, terrifying the people with an idea that it was intended to establish a King—to bring us under French government—to establish the Roman Catholic Religion—to suppress the Liberty of the press—to build a high wall round the 10 mile square (the intended seat of Government) to be garrisoned by 100,000 Regulars—to subvert our Liberties—and many other like wicked and foolish Absurdities.—Such unfair Representations you may well suppose had the intended effect with an ignorant and illiterate people. The Consequence is, that the interior Counties are violently opposed to what is evidently calculated to promote their own Interest and happiness. I have the Pleasure to assure, that the lower counties are as warm on the other side—so that the Balance hangs upon a Poize at present—but as Virginia and South-Carolina will undoubtedly adopt the Constitution; and as the most respectable characters, and all the best speakers in the State are elected on the Federal side, I venture to predict, that the Constitution will be adopted by a respectable Majority of this State—for our Convention will never be so mad as to vote themselves out of the Union, and think of standing upon their own bottom, a distinct nation, surrounded by powerful and confederated States—this is the Alternative!—It is however clearly my opinion, that unless we come peaceably into it, we shall be lashed into it, in the Events of things, or suffer ourselves to be annihilated as a State.”
PORTSMOUTH, June 12. From the COLUMBIAN HERALD, of May 26, (printed at Charleston, S. C.)
IN Convention of the people of South-Carolina, by their representatives, held in the city of Charleston, on Monday the twelfth day of May, and continued by divers adjournments to Friday the twenty-third day of May, anno Domini, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight, and in the twelfth year of the independence of the United States of America.
The Convention having mutually considered the Constitution, or form of government, reported to Congress by the Convention of Delegates from the United States of America, and submitted to them by a resolution of the legislature of this state, passed the seventeenth and eighteenth days of February last, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to the people of the said United States and their posterity; DO, in the name and behalf of the people of this State, hereby assent to, and ratify the said Constitution.
Done in Convention, the twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight, and of the independence of the United States of America the twelfth. THOMAS PINCKNEY, President. (L.S.) Attest. JOHN S. DART, Sec'y. (L.S.)
AND whereas it is essential to the preservation of the rights reserved to the several states, and the freedom of the people under the operations of a general government, that the right of prescribing the manner, time, and places, of holding the elections to the federal legislature, should be forever inseparably annexed to the sovereignty of the several states; this Convention doth declare, that the same ought to remain to all posterity a perpetual and fundamental right in the local, exclusive of the interference of the general government, except in cases where the legislatures of the states shall refuse or neglect to perform and fulfil the same, according to the tenor of said Constitution.
This Convention doth also declare, that no section or paragraph of the said
Constitution warrants a construction that the states do not retain every power not expressly relinquished by them and vested in the general government of the Union.
Resolved, That the general government of the United States ought never to impose direct taxes, but where the monies arising from the duties, imposts, and excise, are insufficient for the public exigencies; nor then, until Congress shall have made a requisition upon the states, to assess, levy, and pay, their respective proportions of such requisitions; and in case any state shall neglect or refuse to pay in proportion, pursuant to such requisition, then Congress may assess and levy such state's proportion, together with interest thereon, at the rate of six per centum per annum, from the time of payment prescribed by such requisition.
Resolved, That the 3d section of the 6th article ought to be amended, by inserting the word "other" between the words no and religious.
Resolved, That it be a standing instruction to all such delegates as may hereafter be elected to represent this state in the general government, to exert their utmost abilities and influence to effect an alteration of the Constitution, conformably to the foregoing resolutions.
Done in Convention, the twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight, and of the independence of the United States of America the twelfth. THOMAS PINCKNEY, President. (L.S.) Attest. JOHN S. DART, Sec'y. (L.S.)
IN CONVENTION, May 23d, 1788. RESOLVED, That this Convention do assent to and ratify the Constitution agreed to on the seventeenth day of September last by the Convention of the United States of America, held at Philadelphia.—On the question being put, there appeared to be, For the Ratification, 149 Against it, - - - - 73 Majority for it, - - - - 76 So it was resolved in the affirmative. JOHN SANFORD DART, Sec'y.
Saturday last (24th) the Convention met at eleven o'clock in the forenoon, and having gone through the forms of ratifying the Constitution, passed a unanimous vote of thanks to his Excellency the Governor, for his upright conduct in the chair of the Convention. They likewise unanimously resolved, that the President return, by letter, the thanks of their body to the delegates who represented this state in the Federal Convention;—and then the Convention dissolved themselves.
After the main question was carried, Gen. Sumpter, Judge Burke, Col. Hill, Mr. Cudworth, Mr. Dollard, Mr. Lowrey, Mr. Lincoln, and Dr. Fayssoux, in a liberal and candid manner, expressed their intention, as so large a majority appeared to be in favour of the Constitution, that they would exert themselves to the utmost of their abilities, to induce the people quietly to receive, and peaceably to live under the New Government.
FEDERAL PROCESSION AND ORDER OF MARCH In Charleston, To-Morrow, (Weather permitting) to parade at Roper's Wharf, at ten o'clock A. M.
 1st. Band of Musick.  2d. Gentlemen Planters.  3d. Inspectors of Rice, Indigo and Tobacco, with a Hoghead of Tobacco, drawn by Horses.  4th. Butchers, with tools, decorated with ribbons,  5th. Bakers, ditto ditto.  6th. Brewers, ditto ditto.  7th. Distillers, ditto ditto.  8th. Blacksmiths, ditto ditto.  9th. Whitesmiths, ditto ditto.  10th. Cutlers, ditto ditto.  11th. Fire-Engine-makers, do. ditto.  12th. Architects, ditto ditto.  13th. House Carpenters, do. ditto.  14th. Bricklayers, ditto ditto.  15th. Painters & Glaziers, do. ditto.  16th. Coach Painters, ditto ditto.  17th. Cabinet Makers, ditto ditto.  18th. Coach Makers, ditto ditto.  19th. Sugar Bakers, ditto ditto.  20th. Wheelwrights and Turners, do. do.  21st. Coopers, ditto ditto.  22d. Tanners, Curriers & Skinners, do. do.  23d. Stocking Weavers, ditto ditto.  24th. Shoe and Boot Makers, do. ditto.  25th. Saddlers & Harness Makers, do. do.  26th. Hatters, ditto ditto.  27th. Taylors and Habit Makers with tools decorated.  28th. Peruke Makers & Hair Dressers do. 
 29th. Goldsmiths, with tools decorated.  30th. Engravers, ditto  31st. Watch and Clock Makers, ditto  32d. Copper Smiths & Brass Founders, do.  33d. Gun Smiths, ditto  34th. Tallow Chandlers & Soap Boilers, do.  35th. Printers, with a stand and compositors at work.  36th. Pilots.  37th. Commissioners of the Pilotage & Harbour Masters.  38th. SHIP FEDERADIST, Captain, Mast. Boatswain, Marines, and 13  1st. Lieut. Seamen.  2d. Lieut.  Masters of Vessels and Seamen.  36th. Commissioners of the Marine Hospital.  40th. Merchants preceded by the different Consuls.  41st. Ship Carpenters with Tools decorated.  42d. Ship Joiners and Mast Makers.  43d. Rope Makers with their waits encircled with Hemp.  44th. Block Makers with Tools.  45th. Sail Makers do.  46th. Boat Builders do.  47th. Ship Chandlers do.  48th. Commissioners of the Markets.  49th. Carvers and Gilders with Tools.  50th. Tinnen with do.  51st. Tobacconists with do.  52d. Umbrella Makers with do.  53d. Glass Grinders, Rubbers, Diamond Cutters, Polishers and Silverers.  54th. Mathematical Instrument Makers, with Tools decorated.  55th. Limners with do.  56th. Stationers and Bookbinders with do.  57th. Schoolmasters with their Scholars.  58th. Vintners.  59th. Physicians and Surgeons.  60th. Clergy of all denominations.  61st. Sheriffs, Clerks of Courts of Sessions and Common Pleas, Regulators of Chancery and Admiralty, Coroner.  62d. Judges of Chancery, Sessions and Pleas and Admiralty robed; Attorney General, Gentlemen of the Bar, Minister in Chancery and Ordinary.  63d. Collector of the Customs, Secretary of the State, Commissioners of the Treasury, Auditor General, Surveyor General, Register of Mesne Conveyances, Post-Master, Escheators, Waiters of the Customs.  64th. City Council with their staves, preceded by the City Sheriff, Recorder and City Treasurer.  Sword of State borne by the Sheriff of Charleston District.  65th. His Excellency the Governor, his Honor the Lieutenant Governor, Privy Counsellors, Secretary to the Governor and privy Council with their officers.  66th. The President and Clerk of the Senate robed, and their other officers.  67th. The speaker of the House of Representatives and Clerk robed, with their other officers.  68th. The Fusilier Company. 
The line to be formed, and order of march to be regulated by Captain Hamilton, Marshal of the procession.
By order of the Committee, P. BOUNETHEAU, Secretary.
In arranging the order of procession the different crafts have been placed or arranged as appeared most eligible without any respect to precedence: It is therefore hoped no offence will be taken. P. B.
From Concord we are informed, that by the suffrages of the people, the Hon. JOHN LANGDON, Esq. is elected to fill the presidential chair for the ensuing year. Particulars of the election have not yet come to hand.
It appears providential, says a correspondent, that the Conventions of those states which appear the most opposed to the Federal Constitution, are not to meet until all the other states have discussed the subject; which will be a means of preventing any of them being guided by their decisions.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Virginia, to his friend in Boston.
“I received your obliging letter, and a volume of the debates of your Convention, of both which testimonies of your regard I have the justest sense, and return you, dear sir, my sincere acknowledgments. The Federal Constitution will be adopted by us. I wish the Federal Convention had provided that none but wise and understanding men should read and give their opinion of it. The Constitution had at first some powerful opponents in this state, but the opposition at present is feeble; they have had time to deliberate, and their tempers are now come to. The reception and discussion it met with from your state, has removed the film
of prejudice from the eyes of many well-meaning men of our state. They have agreed to speak well of it. A few hypocrites and old tories, whose approbation we do not value a straw, remain unconvinced. It is not in the power of every one to understand its excellence; it is the gift of God; so while such declaim against it, and strip off the garb of tyranny, as they call it, they only discover their own nakedness.”
By advices from the southward we are informed, that a conduct similar to that of South-Carolina will be pursued by the states of North-Carolina and Virginia, in adopting the Federal Constitution, by large and respectable majorities.
Every patriotick man must pour out incessant execrations on the devoted heads of those who machinate, advise, aid, abet, or assist in laying sacrilegious hands upon that most invaluable blessing—the freedom of the press; that paladium of all the rights, privileges and immunities, dear or sacred, to any body of men worthy to rank above the brute creation!—that dispeller of the till then impenetrable clouds, which overspread the world for ages anterior to the auspicious era of its discovery; that scourge of tyrants whether monarchs, aristocrats, or demagogues! Should any wretch pollute the air with a proposal to restrict the Liberty of the Press, may the plague of Pharaoh await him! may he wander a vagabond about the earth like the murderous Cain! and may he be accursed, sitting, standing, laying, and in every action of his detested life,
“Hear, just Heav'n! Pour down your curses on his wretched head With never ceasing vengeance! let despair, Dangers or infamy—nay all surround him; Starve him with wantings! let his eyes ne'er see A sight of comfort; nor his heart know peace! But dash his days with sorrow, nights with horrows!”
A letter from Newry mentions a report, that the ship Empress of China was on shore on the Saltees near Waterford.
The Two-Brothers, Captain Fielding, from Boston to New-York, was totally lost two days after she left Boston, and four of the crew perished.
Leather pockets, to cloth cloaths, have become so universally fashionable, among all classes of people on the continent, that great advantages must arise to the community from the manufacture of many kinds of skins which have, heretofore, been frequently thrown away; as well as large sums of money kept in the country, which were formerly exported to pay for the great quantities of linen used in the single article of pockets.
THE subscribers appointed commissioners by the hon. Judge of Probate of Wills, for the county of Rockingham, to receive and examine the several claims of the several creditors to the estate of SAMUEL MORRILL, late of Epping, in said county, Gentleman, deceased, represented insolvent, hereby give notice that we will attend for that purpose, at the house of Col. SETH FOGG, innholder in said town, the last Thursday of this, and the five following months, from four to seven o'clock, P. M.
ENOCH COFFIN, SETH FOGG, } Commiss'rs. REUBEN OSGOOD, } Epping, June 5th, 1788.
NEW-DURHAM-GORE. State of New-Hampshire,
NOTICE is hereby given to the non-resident proprietors and owners of land in the township of New-Durham-Gore, who have not paid their taxes for the year 1786, that unless they pay the same to me the subscriber, on or before Monday the 30th day of June next, so much of their land as will pay the same, together with incidental charges, will be sold at public vendue, at ten o'clock A. M. at the dwelling-house of Zebulon Davis, in said Gore, unless prevented by previous payment.
N. R. Q'ys. d. s. d. s. d. Ebenezer Durgin 4 1 50 2 0 1 4 2 5 J. Wentworth's heirs 225 1 0 0 8 1 2 Eben'r Wallingsford 252 1 8 1 1 2 0 Mark Wallingsford 272 1 9 1 3 2 2 Stephen Evans 335 2 1 1 5 2 6 Samuel Wallingsford 429 3 0 2 0 3 5 DANIEL ROGERS, Collector. New-Durham-Gore, June 4th, 1788.
BLANKS of all sorts for sale at Melcher's Printing-Office, at the lowest Boston prices.

Parnassian Spring.
A RIDDLE FOR THE LADIES.
T O you fair maidens, I address ; Sent to adorn your life : And she who can first my name can guess, Shall first be made a wife.
From the dark womb of mother earth, 'To mortal aid I come, But e'er I can receive my birth, I many shapes assume.
Passive my nature, yet I'm made As active as the roe ; And oftentimes, with equal speed, Thro' flow'ry lawns I go.
When wicked men their wealth consume, And leave their children poor, To me their daughters often come, And I increase their store.
The women of the wiser kind Did never yet refuse me ; And yet I never once could find, The maid of honor use me.
The lily hand, the brilliant eye, Can charm without my aid ; Beauty may prompt the lover's sighs, And celebrate the maid :
But let th' enchanting nymph be told, Unless I grace her life, She must have wondrous store of gold ; Or make a wretched wife.
Altho' I never hope for rest, With christians I go forth, And while they worship towards the east, I prostrate to the north.
If you suspect hypocrisy, Or think me insincere, Produce the zealot, who like me, Can tremble and adhere.
(A M H E R S T.)
State of New-Hampshire.
N OTICE is hereby given to the non-resident proprietors and owners of land in the township of Amherst, who have not paid their taxes for the years 1782, 1785 and 1786, that unless they pay the same to me the subscriber, on or before Thursday the 10th day of July next, so much of their land as will pay the same together with incidental charges, will be sold at public vendue at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, at the dwelling house of Capt. Ephraim Hildreth, innholder in said town, unless prevented by previous payment.
State. county. town.
   l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d.     Charles Furbush 1 2 5 0 0 3 0 4 5   Jacob Ames 0 9 7 2   Samuel Barnard 2 1 0 8 8 11   Samuel Tarbox 0 3 3 0 0 1  
Kendol Boutwel, Constable for 1782.
state. county. town. minst.
   s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.     Oliver Tinney 2 10 0 2 0   Benj. Newall's heirs 8 2   E. Porter Putnam 2 8 2   Thurston's heirs 6 6 3 8 5   Griffin's heirs 0 0 0 0 2   Dea. Thurston's heirs 2   Dr. Bulfinch 3 2 2   Joseph Kelly 1 1   William Brown 6 5 3  
Daniel Campbell, } Constables for 1785.
Peter Woodbury, }
Contin'l. state. town.
   s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.     Oliver Tinney 4 3 0 6 0   Reed or Jaquith 0 4 0 1   Benj. Newall's heirs 0 11 0 1   Eleazer P. Putnam 0 11 0 1   Rev. Phineas Adams 1 0 0 5   Dea. Thurston's heirs 9 2 1 10 0   Joseph Kelly 11   Joseph Blanchard's heirs 11   Gerhom Flagg 4 1   William Brown's heirs 9 0 1 1   Dr. Bulfinch 1 6 0 7   Joseph Kelly 0 6 0 2   Blanchard and Wilder 0 8 0 3   Zaccheus Stearns 0 7 0 2   Joseph Blanchard 0 6 0 2   Reed or Jaquith 0 7   Solomon Hutchinson 4 1 0 6   Jacob Pattingill's heirs 0 7 0 2   Bulfinch 3 0 0 0 0  
Joseph Farnum, } Constables for
Solomon Kittridge, } 1786.
Joseph Boutwell, }
Amherst, May 23d, 1788.
Stop Thief!
O N Sunday night, the 18th of May inst. was broken open the PRESS-HOUSE of the Subscriber, at Packer's Falls, and from thence stolen and carried away the following articles, viz.—
9 Yards thin Cloth, dyed green, and
Marked E. D. with yarn.
12 yards thick—dyed claret brown,
Marked I. M. with yarn.
6 yards thick—grey,
Marked I. G. with yarn.
8 yards thick—dyed olive colour,
Marked S. E. with cloth.
18 yards thick—grey,
Marked S. I. with yarn.
4 yards thick—dyed claret colour,
Marked D. B. with cloth.
3 yards thick—dyed black,
Marked M. E. with yarn.
10 yards thick—dyed snuff colour,
Marked S. E. with cloth.
13 yards thick—dyed olive colour,
Marked I. H. with cloth.
8 yards blue cloth,
Marked N. D. D. with cloth.
6 yards grey cloth,
Marked I. B. D. with cloth.
9 3/4 yards thin cloth—dyed green,
Marked S. E. L. with yarn.
14 yards thick —, dyed green,
Marked N. S. with cloth.
Whoever will apprehend and secure the
Thief or Thieves, so that he or they may
be brought to justice, shall have TEN
DOLLARS reward, and all necessary
Charges paid by JOHN SULLIVAN.
DURHAM, May 20th, 1788.
N. B. If any of the Cloth is offered
for sale, it is desired it may be stopped.
(NEW-HAMPTON.)
State of New-Hampshire.
N OTICE is hereby given to the non-resident proprietors and owners of land in the township of New-Hampton, who have not paid their taxes for the year 1786, that unless they pay the same to me the subscriber, on or before the second Wednesday in July next, so much of their land as will pay the same together with incidental charges, will be sold at public vendue, at my dwelling-house in said town, at ten o'clock, A.M. unless prevented by previous payment.
silver. cert. facil.
N.R.Q'tys. d. s. d. s. d. q.
   J. Moulton, Esq. 11 150 1 4 0 9 1 10 2   T. Atkinson, Esq. 3 1 95 0 8 0 4 1 3   T. Wallingford 13 1 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   S. Robinson 14 1 250 1 8 0 9 3 1   Ebenezer Blake 17 1 50 0 9 0 6 0 7   Simon Nudd 20 1 250 2 2 1 2 3 1   Ebenezer Lane 21 1 50 0 5 0 3 1 7   George Place 23 1 200 1 8 0 9 2 6   Josiah Moulton 25 1 250 1 8 0 9 3 1   Richard Nason 26 1 250 2 1 1 3 3 1   Jeremiah Towl 27 1 50 0 9 0 5 0 4   Josiah Dearborn 28 1 250 2 2 1 2 3 1   John Moulton 29 1 150 1 3 0 9 2 0   John Tuck 1 2 50 0 5 0 3 0 7   David Seuter 2 2 190 1 6 0 9 2 4   W'm Simpson 5 2 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   Worthy Moulton 7 2 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   Brad. Richardson 9 2 150 2 1 1 2 3 1   Joshua Towl 15 2 100 0 9 0 5 1 3   R. C. Shannon 16 2 200 0 9 0 5 2 6   Eph'm Marston 17 2 200 1 8 0 9 2 6   Nathaniel Towl 19 2 120 1 0 0 8 1 6   Benj. Mason 20 2 240 2 1 1 2 3 0   Joseph Palmer 21 2 240 2 1 1 2 3 0   W'm Vittum 23 2 150 1 5 0 9 1 10   Benj. Sanborn 24 2 150 1 4 0 8 1 10   Sam'l Brown, jr. 28 2 250 2 0 1 0 3 1   Jona. Shaw 29 2 150 1 4 0 9 1 10   John Lamprey 1 3 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   T. White & others 2 3 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   Joshua James 5 3 90 0 9 0 5 1 2   Jerem'h Marston 6 3 150 1 4 0 7 1 10   Elisha Towl 7 3 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   James Philbrook 9 3 120 0 9 0 5 1 6   Stephen Page 10 3 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   A. Emery, Esq. 12 3 176 1 4 0 8 2 1   Benj. Page 13 3 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   Joshua Towl, jr. 15 3 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   M. Common Land 4 250 2 1 1 2 3 1 2   J. Moulton, Esq. 5 4 150 1 4 0 8 1 10   Phillip Hooker 6 4 190 1 7 0 9 2 5   William Vittum 4 5 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   John Moulton Esq. 5 5 250 2 1 1 2 3 1   Common Land B 4 100 1 0 0 6 1 3   C 4 100 1 2 0 7 1 3   E 3 220 1 8 0 9 2 9   G 6 180 1 6 0 9 2 3   H 6 180 1 6 0 9 2 3   M 5 200 1 8 0 9 2 6   M 4 300 2 6 1 4 3 9   M 3 250 2 1 1 3 1 2  
SAMUEL KELLY, jr. Constable.
New-Hampton, May 28, 1788
Strayed or Stolen from the
subscriber, the 25th of May last, a light forrel horse, four years old, fourteen hands high, trots all, steps large, carries his head high, with his nose out, a star in the forehead and a white strip on the nose, has been nicked and carries his tail to the left : whoever will take up said horse and return him to the subscriber, or give information of the same, shall be handsomely rewarded, and necessary charges paid by
JOHN ANGIER.
Durham, June 4th, 1788.
The sale of several rights
and parcels of land in the towns of Gil-mantown, Bretton Woods, Relhan and Canaan, in the State of New-Hampshire, and Barnet, in the State of Vermont, belonging to the estate of Daniel Fowle, Esq. late of Portsmouth, deceased, which were to have been sold by an adjourned sale, this day, is further adjourned to the 26th day of June, instant. The sale will then be held at Dearborn's Auction-room at 3 o'clock, P. M. when and where the terms of sale will be made known.
Portsmouth, June 5, 1788.
Isaac Symes,
Stay-Maker from London,
I NFORMS the Ladies in the town and country, that he makes Stays of every kind, in the genteellest taste, and newest fashion ;—likewise turn'd stays, pack-thread stays, bodices, &c. at Mr Daniel Symes's, in Congress-Street :—Those Ladies who please to employ him, may depend on having their commands executed in a superior manner and every favour gratefully acknowledged.
Portsmouth, June 3d, 1788.
State of New-Hampshire.
T HE public are cautioned to beware of counterfeit Certificates, done in imitation of those issued for interest and fifteen per cent. of the principal on Notes of this State, dated July 31st, 1787. The whole impression is pale when compared with those that are genuine, and the letters in the Counterfeits, are smaller—The N o . in the beginning of the Certificates in the true ones, the o is near the top of the N. thus N o . in the Counterfeits the o is at the bottom thus N o . The top of the J in the beginning of the Certificates in those that are genuine is above the I, in the counterfeits rather lower. There are several other marks but those mentioned may be sufficient to detect them.
EXETER, May 22, 1788.
The several Printers in the United States are requested to insert the above in their news-papers.
(NORTHWOOD.)
State of New-Hampshire,
N OTICE is hereby given to the non-resident proprietors and owners of land in the township of Northwood, who have not paid their taxes for the year 1786, that unless they pay the same to me the subscriber, on or before the second Wednesday of June next, so much of their land as will pay the same, together with incidental charges, will be sold at public vendue,