New-Hampshire gazette, or, State journal and general advertiser (Portsmouth, N.H.), 1780-08-05 00:00:00

THE NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTE; OR, STATE JOURNAL, and GENERAL ADVERTISER.
[ Vol. XXIV. ]
SATURDAY, AUGUST 5, 1780.
[ No. 1241. ]
To the Printers of the NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTE, &c.
Messieurs PRINTERS,
IT must concern every man whose bosom glows with patriotic fire, to guard his countrymen against the wiles of those insinuating traitors, who, at this time, employ every engine, and pursue every probable method, to discourage a virtuous people, bravely struggling for their freedom; and who would gladly wallow in the blood of those, whom, under a vail of friendship, they wish to deceive and ruin. The various artful measures adopted by these cruel paracides, are too numerous to relate: I shall therefore only select a few of those which have hitherto best answered their infamous purposes; and endeavour to shew the fallacy of that pretended reasoning they have practised with too much success.
At the commencement of the war, the ears of the people were filled with declamations upon the Justice of the British parliament, as a sufficient security for the freedom of America;—a pretention too pregnant with falsehood to gain our confidence in that body which oppressive measures had sufficiently convinced us was governed by the contrary principle. This was succeeded by representations of the AWFUL POWER OF BRITAIN, which they exaggerated to such a degree, that many timid persons began to fall away:—But the influence of this was not so general as to answer their pernicious purpose. Their next attempt was to persuade us our money would fail, and never be redeemed agreeable to the promise made in the face of the bills; and that therefore whoever received it in payment, would run the hazard of losing his interest; and the better to carry their point, Tories were employed to counterfeit the currency; while others, by offering their commodities at a much cheaper rate for silver and gold than for Continental money, endeavoured to sink its value. The people, without attending to the real cause of its depreciation, thought it owing to the want of a fund to support it, or of faith in the power that issued it; and hence the money began to depreciate by general consent. Consequently it became necessary to emit large sums of money to supply the army and navy: For as the articles wanted could not be purchased under four times the former price, four times as much money was required for the purchase; and thus, by its great plenty, while the price of every article has been enhanced, the money itself depreciated; till the people, not long since, would scarcely receive it for any of the necessaries of life. Thus far did those miscreants succeed.
Congress, aware of their plan, wisely adopted a mode to frustrate it, by stopping the press when two hundred millions of dollars were completed: and calling upon the several States to collect, by taxes, fifteen millions of dollars per month, till the whole two hundred millions are returned into the public treasury, and offering to receive one silver dollar in lieu of forty paper dollars. This was a fatal stroke to all their hopes: They began to see that all their arts had only served to pay the public debt; that we stood indebted only a fortieth part of what we should have done, if Congress had redeemed the money according to the face of the bills; and that the argument they
had industriously used, to affright the people with the idea of a heavy national debt, had fallen to the ground. In this situation of affairs, they arraigned the conduct of Congress, and accused them with breach of faith: But this was too gross to be easily swallowed; every person of common sense knowing, that as Congress had issued two hundred millions of dollars for the use of the United-States, it is the duty of the inhabitants to pay it in by tax, when the circumstances of the public require it; and the offer of taking one silver in lieu of forty paper dollars, is no breach of faith, but a necessary measure to prevent the public from being injured by a sudden appreciation of that money which has been depreciated by universal consent. And it is evident these wretches would have done more effectual injury to the community by appreciating the currency, than by all their other efforts, had not this step been taken.
Toiled thus in every former attempt, they are now making their last desperate effort, by endeavouring to create uneasiness in the minds of people on account of the load of taxes—that there is not money enough in the country to pay them—and that there is no more prospect the bills now issuing by Congress will hold their value than their former emissions. To expose the malice and absurdity of these insinuations, I shall make some remarks upon the nature of money, and the obvious causes of its appreciation and depreciation. There is, in every commercial state where money is considered as the circulating medium of trade, a certain proportion between this circulating medium and the vendible articles in the state. Let us suppose (for example) that the circulating medium in America is five million dollars; then let us suppose that with this medium the proportion fixes thus viz. one yoke of oxen 50 dollars, and one bushel of wheat one dollar, and all other articles in proportion. Now let us suppose that, without calling in any part of the first five million of dollars, five more are issued,—the proportion between the circulating cash and the vendible articles will be two to one,—your wheat of course will be two dollars, and your oxen one hundred; and if you double this sum, every article will again double its price, in order to keep up its proportion with the money in circulation. This while it accounts for the depreciation of money, will readily discover the true method to appreciate it; which can never be done, but by calling out a part of the cash in circulation.
Let us suppose, that of the five million of dollars first mentioned, two and an half are called in,—the proportion will be as one to two; consequently your wheat will be half a dollar per bushel, and your oxen twenty-five dollars a yoke, and this proportion will, in the nature of things, always fix itself.—Therefore every effort to regulate the price of articles, however well intended, can do no credit to the political skill of those who attempt it; and they must discover, in the end, that no human authority can alter the nature of things.
In evidence of the above assertions, I shall present the public with the authority of the justly celebrated Baron Montesquieu.
“Money is the price of merchandizes or manufactures. But how shall we fix this price? Or, in other words, by what price
in money is every thing to be represented? If we compare the mass of gold and silver in the whole world with the quantity of merchandizes therein contained, it is certain that every commodity or merchandize in particular may be compared to a certain portion of the entire mass of gold and silver. As the total of the one is to the total of the other, so part of the one will be to part of the other. Let us suppose that there is but only one commodity or merchandize in the world, or only one to be purchased, and that this is divisible, like money,—a part of this merchandize will answer to part of the mass of gold and silver; the half of the total of one to half of the total of the other; the tenth, the hundredth, the thousandth part of the one, to the tenth, the hundredth, the thousandth part of the other. But as that which constitutes property amongst mankind is not all at once in trade, and as the metals or money, which are the signs of property, are not all in trade at the same time,—the price is fixed in the compound ratio of the total of things with the total of signs, & that of the total of things in trade with the total of signs in trade also; & as the things which are not in trade to day may be in trade to-morrow, and the signs not now in trade may enter into trade at the same time, the establishment of the price of things fundamentally depends on the proportion of the total of things to the total of signs. If, since the discovery of the Indies, gold and silver have encreased in Europe in the proportion of one to twenty, the price of provisions and merchandizes must have been enhanced in the proportion of one to twenty: Thus the Prince or the Magistrate can no more ascertain the value of merchandizes, than he can establish, by a decree, that the relation one has to ten, is equal to that one has to twenty:—Julian's lowering the price of provisions at Antioch, was the cause of a most terrible famine.”
Thus it appears, from the sentiments of this great writer and eminent politician, what is the real cause of money's depreciating in its value, while the prices of provisions, merchandizes, &c. are enhanced; and that silver and gold are equally liable to depreciation with bills of credit; and proves that the measures pursued by Congress, are the only means for lowering the enormous prices of articles. It is therefore the duty of every man to pay in his tax with cheerfulness, as the only means of answering the end in view, namely, the reduction of prices. The man who now holds four thousand dollars in his coffer, is able with it to purchase only one yoke of oxen: Should he pay all this away to fifty dollars by taxes, and the money be drawn in proportion from every other individual in America, the remaining fifty dollars would be equal to the four thousand, and he could as well purchase the oxen with the fifty as with the whole sum, because that would be the proportion of money to that article; consequently the man would be no poorer when he had parted with 3950 of his dollars, than when he held the whole 4000. The pretence that there is not money enough to pay the taxes is absurd; for Congress is not calling out of circulation more than was emitted; and indeed not all that. How then can it be said that there is not money enough to pay the taxes? If it be said the people cannot obtain it—I readily agree, that if the farmer and the merchant will hold up their articles at the same prices as when
[For remainder see last page.]

The NEW-HAMPSHIRE CRISIS, No. I.
P ERHAPS there was never a period since Societies were first formed, when it was so necessary to rouse people from their slumber, as the present moment. Those who were formerly the most flaming patriots lulled in the flattering lap of ease and expected security, disregard the arrows levelled at their political existence, while those who were wavering at the commencement of the present contest, are now fixing on the point of opposition. Our open and avowed enemies who have been indulged to speak and act agreeable to their infernal principles, have cooed or brought over to the side of opposition, all those whose minds were not proof against the deceitful wiles of those unpardonable Traitors. While those miscreants are walking about in triumphant security, spreading their deadly poison in every quarter, and begin to see victory perching upon their standard, the men who have borne the heat and burthen of the day, who have ventured every thing that was dear to men, stretch out their hands in vain to a deluded multitude, and warn them of their approaching danger, but finding their admonitions disregarded, give up all hopes of success, & wait with anxious minds the event of the dire delusion. Let us only look back to the commencement of the present war, and contemplate the cheerfulness with which every man flew to arms upon the first summons, and then view the cold sluggishness which at this day seems to pervade all ranks and orders of men; the change must fill us with astonishment.--The warrior then flew with eager steps to the hostile plain; but now, after having discovered that gain and not the love of his country, draws him from his peaceful cottage, he with reluctant and tardy pace advances, to fulfil his engagement, entitle himself to the promised reward, and views with longing eyes the period which will permit his return from a field in which he can take no pleasure. If these are facts, whatever pain they may give to the reader, or disagreeable sensations to the writer, they ought to be published, that our rulers and our people now sleeping in the lap of soft security, may rouse from their slumber, and resent the delusion; they ought to be convinced that they had nothing less to expect from their false mercy, their mistaken lenity. However agreeable lenity may appear in most cases, yet when it is extended in time of war to persons suspected, it becomes imprudent, but when diffused to persons known to be unfriendly, it is impious in the highest degree; this alone has produced the evils un-
der which we suffer and complain. Was there ever a people like the Americans, who in the commencement of the war were feeble and without power, that suffered known enemies to remain among them, to join in their councils, learn their secrets, and communicate them to the enemy? Surely not, for the most powerful nations have ever removed even suspicious persons; but we who had perhaps more to fear than any other people, have suffered them to remain among us in the greatest security, rejoicing at our misfortunes, and lamenting our successes. Is there a single Town in this State where there are not more or less of them who openly profess themselves enemies to the American measures, and friends to the British government; and who are indefatigable in making proselytes to slavery and despotism? How ought my countrymen to blush at this rehearsal, how should our rulers stand astonished at the fatal effects of their mistaken lenity, how ought we now to struggle to excel each other in our exertions to banish those persons from among us, and save a sinking State; there can be no cruelty in this procedure, they have chosen the British yoke! let us follow the example of Virginia, and send them where they may wear it, and not suffer them to lay it on the necks of others who would prefer death to a state of slavery.
A FARMER.
Durham, August 4, 1780.
To the PRINTERS.
I AM a plain man, and live in the country; but being a faithful subject of the United States, I take all opportunities to inform myself of public affairs.---The safe arrival of the French fleet at Newport gave me much joy: and I was much affected to think that so many men of great families and high character in France, as I hear were in that fleet, should come over to America to fight our battles, and risque their lives in defence of our cause. My neighbours also are affected in the same manner. We are also pleased with hearing of the civility of the people of that nation who have come among us; and of their orderly and good behaviour, of which we have the best information. Our idea of them is, and we have no doubt of its being well founded, that they are brave in war, but among citizens inoffensive, obliging, and desirous to please. We hope for their sakes, as well as our own, that the American army will be in a good condition to act with these Allies, and that both will be well supplied. The people are greatly desirous of this, and our rulers must certainly take particular care upon so important a point; and not only provide for the summer, but look forward to the winter. If
we do not do this, we shall deserve every shame, and must rue the consequence; but the disposition of the people, and the wisdom of our rulers, can never allow it not to be done. For my own part, I am determined to give my vote for those men to be in Government, who shall appear most capable and most disposed to serve their country in such great matters; and who shall principally regard them, instead of being too much taken up with little things, or their own private affairs.
A FARMER.
NAVY - BOARD, Eastern Department.
BOSTON, August 1, 1780.
EXTRACTS from the RESOLVES of CONGRESS, of July 11, 1780.
RESOLVED , That the pay of the Officers and Men in the Navy of these States, as fixed by the Act of Congress of the 15th of November, 1776 , be hereafter considered as, and paid in Specie or other Money equivalent.
Resolved , That the Subsistence-Money of Officers of the Navy, and regulated by the Act of Congress of the 25th of July, 1777 , be hereafter considered as, and paid in Specie or Money equivalent.
Resolved , That a bounty of Twenty Dollars , in Specie, or other Money equivalent, be allowed to every able Seaman, and of Ten Dollars to every ordinary Seaman or Landsman, who shall enter into the Sea Service for a twelve-month, one half thereof to be paid to them before their sailing, and the other half at the expiration of twelve months; to be computed from the time of their entry and enlistment.
Resolved , That Forty Continental Dollars , or One Dollar of the Bills which shall be issued by the respective States, in pursuance of the Act of Congress of the 18th of March last , be considered as an equivalent to a Dollar in Specie, in the payment of the bounty and wages mentioned in the foregoing Resolutions.
TO BE SOLD, BY ISAAC WILLIAMS, at his Shop in EXETER, The best of West-India RUM , SUGAR, MOLASSES, COFFEE, CUR- RANTS, ALLSPICE, and Men's SHOES ; with a Number of other Articles, cheap for Cash, &c.
Wanted, a BOY , of about 12 or 14 Years of Age, to serve as an Apprentice to the Paper-Making Business. Inquire of Richard Jordan of Exeter.
TO BE SOLD, BY RICHARD CHAMPNEY, Cheap for Cash, by Wholesale, or Retail, Rum, Molasses, Cotton, Coffee; Black Barcelona Handkerchiefs; a few small Havers, Lines, Hooks &c. &c. Any of the above Articles will be exchanged for good Jamaica and Scale Fish . Portsmouth, August 4.
TO BE SOLD. One half of the House & Land, Now in the Occupation of the Widow Pickering, originally belonging to Daniel Pickering, deceased. Enquire of the Printer at Portsmouth.

PHILADELPHIA, July 11. The errand of the three French ships which lately anchored in the road of St. Eustatius, appears to be the safe conduct to windward of a large supply of provisions (15000 barrels it is said) layed in by the Dutch traders for the use of his Most Christian Majesty's forces. These French ships, with their charge had left the island after three days stay. — Whilst the provisions were preparing, the French officers were treated with great attention, and on their departure, the Dutch Commodore weighed his anchors and accompanied them for some distance from the island.
Extract of a letter from an officer at Camp, dated June 29, 1780.
"The patriotism of the women of your city, is a subject of conversation with the army; had I a poetic genius, I would sit down and write an ode in praise of it. Burgoyne, who, on his first appointment to America, boasted that he would dance with the ladies, and coax the men to submission, must now have a better understanding of the good sense and public spirit of our females, as he has already heard of the fortitude and inflexible temper of our heroes. We do not suppose that these contributions can be any stable support to the campaign for any length of time; but, as it is a mark of respect to the army, it has given particular satisfaction, and it may be a great temporary service. Nothing has been more discouraging for some time past, than to believe that we were neglected, or almost lost from the remembrance of our fellow citizens."
NEWPORT, July 22.
Last Monday died here, M. de Velerunais, first Lieutenant of the Hermoine frigate, of the wounds he received in her late engagement with the British frigate the Iris. On Tuesday his remains were interred with military honors, &c.
PROVIDENCE, July 26.
Since our last arrived here the privateer sloop Argo, Capt. Talbot, from a cruise; also a small sloop, laden with limes, pine-apples, &c. bound from Bermuda for New-York, prize to the above privateer.
Sunday last arrived here a small privateer schooner, mounting 6 guns, fitted at Bermuda; one of the famous Goodridge's fleet, prize to the General-Washington, Capt. Monro of this port.
The fleet of vessels which have been seen off Newport harbour some days past, appears to be 10 or 13 sail of the line, some frigates and armed vessels, amounting in the whole to about 20 sail, under the command of Admiral Graves, who lately arrived at New-York from England.
BOSTON, August 3.
The following are extracts of letters from Major-General Heath, to the President of Council.
NEWPORT, July 29, 1780.
"THIS morning I was honor'd with yours of the 27th inst. enclosing copy of a letter from General Count de Rochambeau to the Hon. Council, and their order for three more regiments of militia to march this way. The Count requests me to testify to your Hon. Council the gratitude and obligation he feels for their attention to his situation, and the measures they have taken for his support. Indeed, Sir, the Council of the Massachusetts does them much honour; they are frequently spoken of with applause, which gives me much pleasure.
I have just received a letter from Governor Trumbull, of the 27th instant, in which after mentioning the orders he had given to the militia, he adds—the following intelligence I have in a letter from Colonel Wells dated at Greenwich the 25th instant, "The enemy are all gone, except Delancy's, from East and West-Chester, and a very great embarkation taking place; commonly believed they are going to the Eastward. An officer of my regiment, just arrived from below, informs, that the embarkation is almost universal, from New-York, Long-Island, and Frog's-Point; that General Clinton's baggage is all on ship-board. If it was not for the transports which have come thro' Hell-gate, I should think the West-
Indies was their object; but time must determine their movements."
What the real intention of the enemy are, cannot yet be developed, but a short time will discover. If they mean to come here, they will most certainly have a warm reception. The militia are just beginning to come. I most ardently wish the situation of affairs was such as to allow their being stopped or sent back immediately; but the present state of the enemy forbids it.
I hope that we shall soon change a defensive condition, for one offensive, vigorous and effectual."
Newport, July 30, 1780.
"BY intelligence received this morning, the enemy's transports which were in the sound, had failed to the westward; part of the troops at Westchester, had marched for New-York Island, and that Col. Simcoe, with about 500 men, had moved towards the east end of Long-Island, probably to secure the stock. This day about noon, the fleet that lay at anchor off the east end of Block Island, came to sail and stood out about S. W.—Whether they are gone to sea or come to sail only on account of the wind which blows at east and renders their station rather unsafe, is yet unknown."
Newport, July 31, 1780.
"IN consequence of letters this moment received from his Excellency General Washington, Governor Trumbull, &c. an attack on this post may be momentarily expected, as soon as the wind is fair to bring forward the enemy's shipping, which were last at Huntington Bay, said to be 150 sail, with 8000 troops on board.—The militia are again called in; and I request that your Commissaries may be again notified to send on provisions without delay.—General Washington has put the main army under marching orders, to act as occasion may require."
A letter from an officer of the American army at Head Quarters Prancane, dated July 22, 1780, contains the following, viz.
"The following is an extract from General Orders:—It is recommended to the officers of the American army, to have black and white cockades, a black ground with a white relief, emblematic of the expected union of the two armies."
Head-Quarters, July 20, 1780.
"THE Commander in Chief has the pleasure to congratulate the army on the arrival of a large land and naval armament at Rhode-Island, sent by his Most Christian Majesty to co-operate with the troops of these States against the common enemy; accompanied with every circumstance that can render it honorable and useful; The generosity of this succour, and of the manner in which it is given, is a new tie betwixt France and America: The lively concern which our allies manifest for our safety and independence, has a claim to the affection of every virtuous citizen. The General with confidence assures the army, that the officers and men of the French forces came to our aid, animated with a zeal, founded in sentiment for us as well as in duty to their Prince; and that they will do every thing in their power to promote harmony and cultivate friendship:—he is equally persuaded on our parts, we shall vie with them in their good disposition; to which we are excited by gratitude, as well as by a common interest; and that the only contention between the two armies, will be to excel each other in good offices, and in the display of every military virtue: this will be the pledge of the most solid advantage to the common cause, and of a GLORIOUS ISSUE to the campaign."
'Tis computed there are not less than 8000 militia now on Rhode-Island, to the assistance of our generous allies, besides a very numerous body now on their march for that place."
We hear that last Friday morning the foundery for casting cannon at Providence, belonging to Mr. Brown, accidentally took fire and was consumed.
Friday last arrived here a brig from Martinico; by her we have an account that the French and Spanish fleets had left that place,
bound for Jamaica, which we daily expect to hear has surrendered to our illustrious allies.
Tuesday last arrived at Salem, after a short cruise, the privateer ship Essex, Capt. Cathcart, during which she has captured three ships and a brig, bound to Quebec, which are hourly expected.
The public are cautioned against counterfeit 80 dollar bills. They are so badly executed as to be discovered on the least attention.
The sum total of the donation received by the LADIES of Philadelphia, to their several districts for the AMERICAN ARMY, amounts to THREE HUNDRED THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY SIX DOLLARS. — An example truly worth imitation!
The combined fleets of France and Spain at present cruising among the Windward Islands, consists of 35 sail of the line, besides frigates, and small armed vessels. The British squadron in the neighbourhood, by the prints of the Leeward Islands, set at 21 of the line; but Admiral Walsingham was hourly expected with a reinforcement of 11 heavy ships, advice being come of his leaving England about the 25th of April.
We are credibly informed, that Mr. Rose Captain of the Resolution privateer, of 16 guns, out of Halifax, that was sent into this port some time past, by the valiant Captain Williams, together with all his officers that were set ashore on parole near Halifax, had entered volunteers on board the Delight sloop of war, and were seen on board of her off Cape Sables, by the cartel that arrived last week. The brutal and unexampled treatment shewn by the above named infamous Ros and officers, to the ladies passengers in the cartel from Halifax, will ever be remembered; and his violation of parole entertained a just sense of.
The only vessels left cruising on the Nova Scotia shore, are the Delight, copper-bottom, of 16 six-pounders, 140 men; a Brig of 14 guns, illly manned; and a schooner of ten, out of Liverpool.
We are told that the Halifax banditti were astonishingly uneasy on information being given that the armada of our gracious Ally were approaching to these territories; and that the captious and ungracious Richard Hewes is continued as Lieutenant Governor of Nova-Scotia, notwithstanding the importunity of the putulant Jack Butler to dislodge him.
The following was found on the floor of the Printing Office, (directed to the Printers) and supposed to have been flung in at the window.
Mess Printers, I HAVE lately found out how to live to be even with the times—I owed my neighbour a sum equal to six hard dollars, which had been due a long time, but I was so lucky the other day as to have it discounted by paying in paper money equal to buy four pistareens and seven coppers and a half—so much saved by Gad, Mess. Printers, for I belong to the service, and am to have forty for one allowed me for six months from the first week in April last.
Mess. Printers,—The above is a lie, as I protest by the book I get most money by, I have paid the above debt in paper money equal to buy seven pistareens and a half and about half a copper.
The Overseers of the Poor to
the Town of Portsmouth, sensible of the pressing Difficulties of supplying those who are real Objects of Charity, and knowing that the Prospects for the coming Winter must be much more distressing, they, the Principle of Prudence and Humanity, think it necessary to take this early Method of cautioning advising all indigent Persons with their Children, who are able to work, to embrace the present opportunity to provide for themselves, as at this Season of the Year they may find Employ by seeking it in the Country and secure a comfortable Living through the Winter if they will take any Pains to obtain it early, neglected 'till the working Season is over, it is uncertain, if not impracticable.
They earnestly recommend it to all such Persons seriously to consider, that however much it may be the Wish of the Overseers to assist them, it will not be in their Power, and the Negligence of such Persons will render their Lives truly deplorable, and they are to blame. Portsmouth, Aug. 1780.

when there was twice as much money in circulation as at present, those articles will not command the money; because the former proportion between money and those articles, no longer exists; and the proportion will keep altering in favour of the money, and against the price of the articles, as the quantity of the money is diminished by taxes. But let the merchant, who sells his rum for 80 dollars per gallon, demand 40; the farmer, who asks 70 dollars per bushel for corn, demand 35; and they will soon find purchasers: Let the labourer, who now asks 25 dollars per day, demand half the sum, and he will not want employ or money. But if people will be so infatuated as to demand as much, when half the money is out of circulation, as when the whole was in, experience will convince them of their folly. As to the bills now issuing being liable to depreciation, I can only say, that the same cause will ever produce the same effect; and should Congress suffer that money to increase equal to the former emissions, it will be equally liable to depreciation. To prevent this evil, it will be their duty to demand taxes with firmness, and ours to pay them with cheerfulness.
Many persons who would be thought politicians, have supposed there was no fund to support our paper currency; and even if there was, that depreciation is incident to every species of bills of credit: But a little reflection must convince every person of the absurdity of both suppositions. As to the first; bills of credit are ever issued by a State; which is bound to pay in the same by taxes. If a fund, therefore, was as necessary to support the credit of bills as some have foolishly imagined, there surely can be none better than the security of every individual in a State; who engage to redeem the bills by taxes, at the price they pass at when the taxes are demanded. The last supposition is equally erroneous; for the same causes which will depreciate paper bills, will ever depreciate silver or gold; of which the great plenty is the principal. Paper bills are, with us, the signs of wealth; silver and gold are the signs with other States: An increase of either will cause depreciation. The intrinsic value of silver and gold are merely ideal. Iron has in it more intrinsic value than either. Lycurgus once made it pass in Sparta as a currency; and we don't learn that it ever depreciated. The true reason, why silver and gold are chosen as the metals for coining money, is on account of their scarcity, and the great labour required to procure those metals. This must sufficiently prove, that it is the scarcity of any money which enhances its value, and that a great plenty of it will cause it to depreciate. If the reader will not yet be convinced; let him examine the prices of articles in Europe, previous to its carrying on a trade with the Indies: He will find that the difference between the then prices, and the present, are as one to fifty: And had not the articles of trade been increasing, in very great proportion, the silver and gold must have depreciated, by the present day to two hundred for one; which is more than any paper bills have yet done.
From these observations it must appear, that sinking the present money by taxation, is essential to the salvation of this country: That taxation is the only way in which it can be done; and that prudence and a regard to the public interest will teach us, even to petition for annual taxes, to prevent the depreciation of our currency in future; and the enormous rise of articles; the fatal effects of which, too many in America have already experienced.
A F A R M E R.
Durham in New-Hampshire, July 8, 1780.
Wanted 7 or 8 industrious Settlers to settle on settlements in the Township of SUC- CESS, in the State of New Hampshire, lying near Amoskeag River, and adjoining to the Town there is a good road to Raimouth through several new Townships, which are settling very fast, the distance about sixty miles: Any persons who incline to become settlers in the aforesaid Township, shall have for their encouragement 150 acres of land to each settler, and may take their choice out of a tract within said Town, containing about 2400 acres, already fenced round, and likewise shall have such further encouragement in money as shall appear necessary for their assistance in entering the settlements. For further particulars, enquire of SUPPLY CLAPP, JOHN NOBLE, & SAMUEL HILL. Portsmouth, July 3, 1780.
TO BE SOLD
A Silver WATCH,
For Continental or Hard Money.
Enquire of the Printer.
Wanted, a BOY of about 14 years of age, to serve as an Apprentice to the Peruke Making and Hair Dressing business; Inquire of William Stanwood of Portsmouth.
At public Vendue,
WILL BE SOLD,
At the Wharf of John Moffatt, Esq; On THURSDAY the 10th Day of August inst.
THE PRIZE SNOW
CHARLOTTEE,
with her STORES, as per Inventory.
Also, one new CABLE, 14 Inches, and three SAILS, almost new, suitable for a 20 Gun Ship; one CABLE of 11 Inches, with sundry other Articles.
Portsmouth, July 25, 1780.
State of New Hampshire.
To all whom it may concern,
Notice is hereby given, that a
Libel is filed before me, in behalf of Simon Bradstreet, commander of the private armed Schooner Rover and concerned therein, against the Brigantine Charlotte, her cargo, and appurtenances, of the burthen of fifty tons, Andrew Pidgley late master; which vessel and cargo so libelled, is said to have been taken on the high seas, about the 25th of June, and brought into the Port of Piscataqua, in the State aforesaid for; the trial of the justice of said capture, a Maritime Court for said State, will be held at the Court House in Portsmouth, on Monday the seventh day of August next, when and where the owners or any persons concerned therein, may appear and show cause (if any they have) why the same should not be condemned.
J. BRACKETT, Judge.
Portsmouth, July 17th, 1780.
State of New Hampshire. Strafford ss.
Stop the RUNAWAYS.
RAN-AWAY , on Monday July 9th, from the town of Lee, TWO IRISHMEN, who had enlisted in the Continental Service, viz James Sullivan, about 45 years of age, with black hair, blue coat with a red plush cape, light coloured knit breeches and William McKilsener, about 35 years of age, had on a brown coloured homespun coat and jacket, light coloured hair and bald head: Whoever will apprehend said persons, or inform where they may be found and brought to justice, shall have all necessary charges paid, and a handsome reward, by applying to Zaccheus Clough, or the Selectmen of said town. Lee, July 17, 1780.
To be sold at public Vendue,
agreeable to an Act of the General Court of the State of New Hampshire, entitled "An Act for clearing and making passable the road from Upper Coos through unappropriated lands to Conway" - 1000 acres of choice land, in lots of 100 acres each, being part of a tract of land, late belonging to William Stark, adjoining to the town of Conway the proceeds thereof be applied to the making said road, for which purpose ten or fifteen hands are wanted immediately to whom good encouragement will be given by applying to the Subscriber, or to Thomas Merrill or Andrew McMillan, Esqrs. at Conway. The sale will be at the house of Andrew McMillan in Conway, on Monday the 14th of August next.
J. WHIPPLE.
N. B. The said LAND is said to be equal, if not superior to any in the State, a great part of it being interval land, of the best quality. June 20.
Whereas I the subscriber being
Executix to the estate of my late Son, Thomas Pickering, commander of the ship Hambden, and am determined to send to France, to procure the best information I can, relating to his effects, prize money, &c. Therefore, as it will be some considerable charge to employ a person for that purpose, this is to notify all those who had shares or part of shares in said vessel which he was engaged for, to come and agree with me to bear their proportionable part, in order to recover what is deficient in their parts of the prize money, &c. otherwise they may expect no more than what is their proportion in Mr. Drown's hands, as the agent for them. Do. PICKERING.
All persons indebted to, or that
have any demands against the estate of Bartholomew Gilman, late of Exeter, deceased, are hereby desired forthwith to settle with Daniel Gilman, Esq. of said Exeter, administrator, de bonis non of said deceased.
Exeter, June 24, 1780.
Wanted a capable Woman, who can be well recommended for keeping a Gentleman's house; and who understands well the dressing of victuals, and seeing it off in a genteel manner, with the assistance she will have. For such a person, good encouragement will be given, by applying at the Printing-Office in Portsmouth.
LONDON, May 11.
Commodore Walsingham has at length sailed; his destination, with that of Admiral Graves, is uncertain. The squadron of the latter is said by some to consist of six ships, others of nine, and that they are both to join in a certain latitude, and after leaving their convoy in safety, are to return to form a fleet of observation in our seas, and to join those ships which are to compose the channel fleet, in order to prevent a junction of the combined fleets. It is probable that we shall be able shortly to give a more satisfactory account of the force and destination of the squadron of Admiral Graves. In general, for some days past, the news-papers abound with speculation. The last accounts via Holland have so strangely altered the system which they so industriously propagated for truth, that their fertile geniuses are exhausted. They read and read again the declaration and memorial of the Court of Russia, which seem to tell the Hollanders, "Join with us, and they shall no longer search your vessels, nor seize your merchandise." They not only find in that declaration nothing that confirms the account so often given of the powerful succours to be granted by Russia, but it shews us that this same Russia, in obliging all the maritime powers to a strict neutrality, which cannot but be disadvantageous to us, is also leaving us tied hand and foot to the dangerous confederation of three powerful enemies, and given us to understand that the wish of Europe in general, and of that Court in particular, is that we should make peace immediately. If they are obliged to give us such an interpretation to a step of this kind, what inference can we draw, but that the INDEPENDENCE OF AMERICA, secretly acknowledged by every other Court in Europe, must soon be by that of St. James's? After having suffered the distresses of a war, and drained of our resources, we shall think ourselves happy, after all our grandeur, to be ranked at the conclusion of a peace, among the independent nations.
The late letters from Cadiz, advise, that ten more Dutch ships had been released there, and were in consequence, preparing to sail for their destination. The grand convoy in that Bay cannot be ready to sail before the end of this month, for want of provisions & ready money. These advices add, that for some time past, money has been very scarce there, and that none can be procured under a premium of 57 per cent. This fleet will be convoyed as far as the Canary islands by 24 ships of the line, 12 of which will escort it to America, whilst the other twelve sail for Brest.
CASH, or WRITING-PAPER , given for Linnen RAGS at the Printing Office: