Fowle's New-Hampshire gazette and general advertiser ([Portsmouth, N.H.]), 1787-04-21 00:00:00

NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTE, AND GENERAL ADVERTISER.
"WHEN ANGRY NATIONS PART IN LEAGUES OF PEACE, LET PRIVATE FEUDS AND CIVIL DISCORDS CEASE."
PORTSMOUTH: Printed and published by JOHN MELCHER, in Market-Street, where Subscriptions, (at SIX SHILLINGS and EIGHT PENCE pr. Ann.) Advertisements, &c. for this Paper are taken in, the favours of correspondents carefully attended to, and the Printing Business carried on at a reasonable rate.—Also—Advertisements, Subscriptions, &c. taken in by T. ODIORNE, Esq. Exeter.
NEW-YORK, April 2. By the United States in Congress assembled, March 23, 1787.
ON the report of a committee appointed to consider the reductions necessary to be made in the civil list department :
Whereas the present deranged condition of the national revenues, and the numerous demands on the federal treasury, are not only considerations of the most serious weight and importance, but justly operate as powerful motives in favor of every economical reform which can with safety be adopted in the public expenditures :
Resolved, That the sum to be allotted to the support of the household of the President of Congress, including the salaries of the steward and private secretary, house rent and all other expenses, shall not exceed a sum at the rate of eight thousand dollars annually.
Resolved, That the salaries of the following officers be reduced, and that from and after the present quarter.
The annual salary of the secretary of Congress be at the rate of two thousand six hundred dollars.
That of the secretary to the United States for the department of foreign affairs, at the rate of three thousand five hundred dollars.
That of each of the commissioners of the board of treasury, at the rate of two thousand two hundred and fifty dollars.
That of the secretary of the board of treasury, at the rate of fifteen hundred dollars.
That of the treasurer, at the rate of twelve hundred and fifty dollars.
That of the comptroller of the treasury, at the rate of fifteen hundred dollars.
That of the auditor, at the rate of eight hundred dollars.
That of the deputy secretary of Congress, at the rate of eight hundred dollars.
That of the deputy secretary of foreign affairs, at the rate of eight hundred dollars.
That of the steward of the President's household, at the rate of three hundred dollars.
That of the private secretary of the President, at the rate of three hundred dollars.
And that of the geographer, at the rate of fifteen hundred dollars, for such time as he may be actually employed in the public service.
Resolved, That the services and duties of the paymaster general be, and hereby are united with those of the commissioner of army accounts, and that the said commissioner, after the expiration of the present quarter, be allowed in full for his services as commissioner and paymaster general a salary at the rate of twelve hundred and fifty dollars annually.
Resolved, That in no case, after the expiration of the present quarter, there be allowed to any person employed as an assistant or clerk in any of the departments under Congress, a salary exceeding the rate of four hundred and fifty dollars annually; and that no door keeper or messenger, except those of Congress, be allowed more than one hundred and fifty dollars annually.
Resolved, That from and after the present quarter there be annually allowed to each of
the commissioners of the continental loan-office, in full for all services and duties which are or may be annexed to their respective offices, and also in full for office rent, clerks and every other charge except that of stationary, at the rate of the following sums ;
  For New-Hampshire 650 dols.   Massachusetts 1500   Rhode-Island 600   Connecticut 1000   New-York 1000   New-Jersey 700   Pennsylvania 1500   Delaware 600   Maryland 1000   Virginia 1500   North-Carolina 1000   South-Carolina 800   Georgia 600 
Provided, that in those cases where, in the judgment of the board of treasury, the public interest may require the employment of one or more clerks in any of the loan-offices at the public expense, the said board be, and hereby are authorised to continue in employment such clerk or clerks, not exceeding the term of three months after the expiration of the present quarter.
From the PENNSYLVANIA PACKET.
WHEN money became scarce, after the war, every body wondered what become of it—and there are numbers of people who think that it is confined in the bank, and they are anxious to unlock it, that we may have money again. Others when a ship fails for Europe with remittance in cash, put on a long face—and cry out— our money is all leaving us—we shall be ruined—how shall we get the money back again? They may just as well ask, when a gust of wind has passed by, where shall we get another breeze of wind ?
People say money is scarce, and if they had more cash they could do more business. The first of these assertions is totally false , and the last but partially true . The whole matter is explained in a few words.
There are more merchants in the country than are necessary to do the business—there are more sellers than buyers—there is a certain quantity of business to be done, that is, a certain quantity of foreign goods to be imported, and a certain quantity of produce to be exported—merchants are the agents to do this business—When there are just merchants enough to do this business, and find constant employment, trade is good and money plentiful. Double the number of merchants, and each has but half the business and money that he wants. There is money enough in the country, because all articles of home produce command a good price in cash—the merchants have not enough, because they have more goods than are wanted in the country. If an individual had more money, he might do more business, but this cannot be true of the country—for the present money and business supply the consumption, millions of money, and merchants could do no more. The number of merchants has increased in undue proportion, since the peace, and business cannot be good, until some of them quit the business,
or an increased population shall furnish a greater consumption. It is to be wished that people would examine effects and trace them to their true cause—for by ascribing things to wrong causes, they sometimes do infinite mischief. If people would thoroughly understand the operations of money, I am persuaded they would let it alone.
NESTOR.
QUERIES, addressed to all degrees of People.
WHETHER there ever was, is or will be, an industrious nation poor, or an idle one rich ?
Whether those men, who move the corner-stone of a constitution, may not pull an old house on their head ?
Whether there be any thing perfect under the sun ? and, whether it be not with the world as with a particular state, and with a state or body politic as with the human body, which lives and moves under various indispositions, perfect health being never or seldom to be found ?
Whether in such a soil as ours, if there was industry, there could be want ?
Whether there should not be erected, in each state, an hospital for orphans and foundlings at the expense of old bachelors ?
Whether it be true, that in the Dutch work house, things are so managed, that a child, four years old, may earn its livelihood ?
Whether the view of criminals, chained in pairs, and kept at hard labour, would not be very edifying to the multitude ?
Whether felons are not often spared, and therefore encouraged, by the compassion of those who prosecute them ?
Whether there is any country in Christendom, either kingdom or republick, depending or independent, free or enslaved, which may not afford an useful lesson ?
Whether it be not folly to think an inward commerce cannot enrich a state, because it doth not encrease its quantity of gold and silver ? and whether it is possible a country should not thrive, while wants are supplied, and business goes on ?
Whether plenty of all the necessaries and comforts of life be not real wealth ?
Whether an inward trade would not cause industry to flourish and multiply the circulation of our coin, and whether this may not do as well as multiplying the coin itself.
Whether the benefits of a domestic commerce are sufficiently understood and attended to, and whether the cause thereof be not the prejudiced and narrow way of thinking about gold and silver ?
Whether there be any country in Christendom more capable of improvement than America ?
Whether we are not as far before other nations with respect to natural advantages, as we are behind them with respect to arts and industry ?
WANTED.
A BOY about 11 years of age, to serve in a family.
Apply to the Printer hereof.

From the LONDON GAZETTE. His Majesty's Most Gracious Speech to both Houses of Parliament, on Tuesday, Jan. 23.
My Lords and Gentlemen, I HAVE particular satisfaction in acquainting you, that, since I last met you in parliament, the tranquillity of Europe has remained uninterrupted, and that all foreign powers continue to express their friendly disposition to this country.
I have concluded a treaty of navigation and commerce with the Most Christian King, a copy of which shall be laid before you. I must recommend it to you to take such measures as you shall judge proper for carrying it into effect: and I trust you will find that the provisions contained in it are calculated for the encouragement of industry, and the exertion of lawful commerce in both countries, and, by promoting a beneficial intercourse between our respective subjects, appear likely to give additional permanence to the blessings of peace. I shall keep the same salutary objects in view, in the commercial arrangements, which I am negotiating with other powers.
I have also given directions for laying before you a copy of a Convention agreed upon between me and the Catholick King, for carrying into effect the sixth article of the last Treaty of Peace.
Gentlemen of the House of Commons, I have ordered the estimates for the present year to be laid before you, and I have the fullest reliance on your readiness to make due provision for the several branches of the public service.
The state of the revenue will, I am persuaded, continue to engage your constant attention, being essentially connected with the national credit, and the prosperity and safety of my dominions.
My Lords and Gentlemen, A plan has been formed, by my direction, for transporting a number of convicts, in order to remove the inconvenience which arose from the crowded state of the jails, in different parts of the kingdom; and you will, I doubt not, take such further measures as may be necessary for this purpose.
I trust you will be able, in this session, to carry into effect, regulations for the sale of the merchants, and for simplifying the public accounts, in the various branches of the revenue; and I rely upon the uniform continuance of your exertions in pursuit of such objects as may tend still further to improve the national resources, and to promote and confirm the welfare and happiness of my people.
L O N D O N,
Jan. 12. By the late advices from Paris, we are informed that the Count de Vergennes received the service of plate, ordered as a present from Congress, with all the captivating politeness which so eminently distinguishes every action of that nobleman, and told Mr. Jefferson, in the most obliging terms, that he would order it to be sold, and the amount faithfully applied towards the payment of the interest of the Dutch loan, about which the creditors of the United States are so clamorous.—Should this report be confirmed, it is as much as to say, "my good folks, I am very sensible of your friendly disposition; but it is best to establish your attention to justice, before you display the generosity so natural to your disposition."
B A L T I M O R E, March 20.
"As several gentlemen of integrity and great abilities are now in Congress, who were not there when the precipitate measure was adopted for raising an army in time of peace, and of putting the United States to the additional expence of 500,000 dollars, when they find so much difficulty in raising money to discharge the interest of the foreign debt; it is to be hoped that Congress will again take that measure under due and serious consideration."
P H I L A D E L P H I A, March 27.
The General Assembly, desirous that his Excellency BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, should sit in the Convention intended to be held in
this city in May, for the purpose of revising the federal constitution, have passed a supplementary bill, enacting, That his Excellency Benjamin Franklin, Esq. be, and he is appointed and authorized to sit in the said Convention as a deputy from this state in addition to the persons heretofore appointed, and that he be and hereby is invested with like powers and authorities as are invested in the said deputies, or any of them.
N E W - Y O R K, April 4. The Printer has been favored with the following extract of a letter, dated Paris, January 20, 1787.
"'Tis reported, in consequence of the advantages the English suppose they have gained in the late commercial treaty, that about the time Congress complimented Count de Vergennes with "the service of Plate," a most elegant portrait of his Britannick majesty, set in diamonds, (out of the bu'se lately received through Mr. Hastings, from an Indian Nabob) was presented to the king of France, and received with the greatest politeness.
"But his Most Christian Majesty, with a generosity peculiar to himself, ordered it to be sold at the same auction with the plate, and the amount (knowing the English nation to be free from debt) appropriated towards the payment of the debts of his royal highness George Augustus Frederick, prince of Wales, and enabling him to maintain the dignity of heir apparent to the renowned British Empire."
On Saturday morning as three men were crossing to Brooklyn Ferry in an open boat, loaded with brick, owing to the heavy swell in the river, the boat filled and sunk, when George Waggener and William Walker were unfortunately drowned, before relief could be afforded them, notwithstanding every exertion made by the boats of the British Packet, as well as others from the shore.
The following observations are selected from the celebrated Philip Astley's art of horsemanship, late riding master of his Majesty's light dragoons, and are recommended to the perusal of every horseman.
Of the Saddle.
T HE Saddle should fit the Horse with great Ease, and placed on his Back in such a Manner, as not in the least to press on one Part more than another. The Stirrups should be of an equal Length; nothing so bad as to see a Gentleman ride with his Stirrups of an unequal Length; nor can a proper Equilibrium be obtained in Time of Danger. I recommend the Stirrup Irons to be jagged, in the Manner of a Baker's Raspe, which will greatly assist the Rider in wet Weather; also in mounting and dismounting, flying and standing Leaps; in short, on all Occasions.
The Art of Riding, and Reducing the Horse to proper Obedience.
Those Gentlemen who have not been accustomed to ride much, should be cautious how they are too courageous on Horseback, till thoroughly acquainted with the true Principles, and necessary Helps of the Bridle Hand, together with a tolerable good Seat.
A little Obedience from a Horse is very great, therefore if somewhat tractable the first Morning, take him into the Stable, and caress him; for observe this as a golden Rule, mad Men and mad Horses never will agree together.
The milder and slower you proceed at first, the better. Every Stable Boy can put a Horse to his full Speed, but it requires a good Knowledge of the Bridle Hand to bring a Horse to an easy and proper Canter.
In Order to your obtaining a good Seat on Horseback, frequently exercise yourself without Stirrups. Your Position should be graceful, free, and easy; the Bridle Hand three Inches from your Body, and the same from the Pummel of the Saddle. The Wrist a little bent, the Elbow close to the Body; the Shoulder, Knee, and Ankle, should be nearly in a Line with your Bridle Hand. The Legs free and easy, the Feet in a Line with the Horse's Side; the Toes
rather inclined in, if any Thing. To find out the proper Length of your Stirrup Leathers, raise yourself quite upright in them, and if you can easily put your Hand and Wrist between your Seat and the Saddle, such a Length I recommend for common Riding; in Hunting, take up your Stirrups from the above Length three Inches shorter.
By observing these Instructions, the young Horseman may, with a little Practice, obtain a sufficient Seat for Road or Field.
B O S T O N, April 19.
By a gentleman, from New-York, which city he left last Friday, at noon, and arrived here, via Providence, on Monday, we are informed, that the United States in Congress assembled, have been pleased to order, that the federal troops which have been raised agreeably to their requisition of October last, be discharged, excepting two companies of artillery.
A hint has in the southern papers, been suggested to the deputies to the Federal Convention, on the propriety of recommending a dissolution of the Confederation, and a division of the States into four republics—The first to contain the States of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island & Connecticut, to which Vermont might be added. The second to contain New-York, New-Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania and Maryland. The third, Virginia, the two Carolinas, and Georgia. And the fourth to contain the States of Franklin, Kentucky, and the lands lying on the Ohio. This division seems to be pointed out by the climate, whose effect no positive law ever can surpas.—The religion, manners, customs, exports, imports, and general interest of each being then the same, no opposition arising from difference in these (as at present) would any longer divide their council—unanimity would render us secure at home, and respected abroad, and promote agriculture, manufactures and commerce.
N E W B U R Y P O R T, April 18.
Last Saturday evening came to this town a Mr. Stewart, formerly mate of a brig belonging to Savannah, Captain Clark, commander, who informs, that they took in a cargo of Tobacco at Alexandria in Virginia; in 1784, bound therewith into the Mediterranean.—Soon after they had passed Gibraltar, they were surrounded by three Algerine Corsairs, who took possession of their vessel, and cargo, skipped the Master, mate and seamen of every article of cloathing and effects, and gave them in lieu thereof, a truck and pair of Trowsers.—They were soon landed at Algiers, and immediately conducted to the Castle and put to hard labour, without distinction, and upon a pitiful allowance of only half a pint of Rice per day—no bread nor meat, unless when they were allowed to take the inwards of Creatures which were killed.—After having remained several months at hard labour in the Castle, they were brought forth to a public sale, when their purchasers, besides otherwise treating them in the most brutal manner, slit open an ear of each man, at the same time continuing the stroke across the cheek.
Being thus marked, they were put on board the galleys and chained to the oars, where they remained, until relieved by their generous and humane owners, who remitted a sum of money to Leghorn, equal to their purchase, being 300 Louis d'ors for the Captain, 60 for the Mate and 30 for each Seaman.
The labor and fatigue, with their scanty allowance and severe usage, were so much, as to make them wish for death, rather than life.—A cow skin was freely exercised upon them without discrimination, and often without provocation, by their renegadoes, who served also as interpreters for the Algerines, but would not deign to look on them.—Mr. Stewart left the crews of several vessels behind him, whose only hope of redemption rests on the exertions of Congress.—He informs, that the Captains of those crews were more fortunate than Capt. Clark, owing to the humanity of the French and