Fowle's New-Hampshire gazette and general advertiser ([Portsmouth, N.H.]), 1786-08-31 00:00:00

NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTE,
AND GENERAL
THURSDAY,
PORTSMOUTH: By JOHN MELCHER,
THE ADVERTISER.
AUGUST 31, 1786.
PRINTED and PUBLISHED IN PAVED-STREET.
Vol. XXX.]
"Open to all Parties—Influenced by none:—We aim only to be Just."
[No. 1566.]
ESSAY ON SLEEP.
(From the Wit's Magazine 1784.)
THERE is no quality of our nature more surprizing to consider than sleep; but, by its frequency, it is so familiar to us, that few people have the curiosity to enquire into its nature. A late famous virtuoso says, that the essence of sleep consists in this; that the corporeal soul withdrawing itself a little, and contracting its irradiation into a narrower sphere, leaves the cortex of the brain for some time destitute; and that, in the mean while, the nervous liquor, distilled from the blood, rushes in for new supplies. In natural sleep these two causes conspire by a mutual compact of nature; so that, at the same time that the spirits recede, the nervous humour enters. In non-natural, or forced sleep, sometimes the one, sometimes the other cause, is first. And in insatiable, or preternatural sleep, there is a greater energy of the same causes, so that the brain is flooded by the greater influx of nervous, serous, and other vicious humours.
This short view of the theory of sleep may here suffice; and as to the practical part, we are all of us, more or less, master of that; yet, perhaps it may not be altogether frivolous to look back to the ancients, and see how far they surpassed even the best of our modern proficients in this noble science.
Pliny tells us that Epimenides, when a boy, being tired with play, laid himself down to rest in a cave, and falling a sleep, continued so for fifty-seven years, and then waking, walked home, greatly surprized at the many changes he found had happened in the world during the time of his taken a nap. He was not the least faded in body or spirit by his long repose; but rose just as young, healthful, and vigorous as he lay down; and by his sleep had gained such extraordinary strength, as enabled him to live a hundred an eight years after his waking. Crantzius says, that a young student of Lubeck retired to a chest, and slept quietly for seven years, and then was waked by one who wanted to know what the chest contained. And in the 31st year of our own Henry VIII. William Foxley, of the Mint, slept full fourteen days at once, in spite of all the methods which were used to wake him. Many credible authors affirm, that the Lucomonians, a people inhabiting a remote part of the old Samaria, fall a sleep in November, and none of them ever awoke till the April following; like our frogs, and other insects. But these are all very moderate nappers, compared to the famous Seven Sleepers, who fled into a cave in the reign of Decius, and slept there till the time of Theodosius the Younger; which, by calculation, is just one hundred and ninety-six years; this event is affirmed by Nicephorus, in his Ecclesiastical History, and several other writers of note.
But these strange instances of sleeping are not near so admirable as those who in their sleep have dispatched great business, and performed many wonderful things. Those who sleep without motion, may be said to bury time; but persons who do business and sleep at the same time, may be deemed improvers of lost moments.
Schenkius tells us of a young gentleman who rose in his sleep, took his shirt in his hand, and, by help of a rope, climbed up a high turret in the castle where he then resided, found a nest of magpies, put the young ones in his shirt, descended by the same rope, and went to bed, knowing nothing of the matter when he rose next morning. The same author says, there was a man at Helmestadt, who rose in his sleep, went from his chamber into his garden, where was a very deep well, and into this he safely descended by fastening his hands to the sides thereof, till he came to the water, the touch of which awaked him. Henricus ab Heeres says, he knew a young student, who would frequently rise in his sleep, and finish the pieces he had left undone in the day: and that at some of these times, he has wrote many lines of excellent good verse, which he was wholly ignorant of till he waked in the morning.
Most of these relations will seem at first a little strange; but if we duly consider our own age, we may find full as strange instances of the same nature among ourselves. The last mentioned is a little odd; that a man should write a few verses in his sleep; but, within these twenty last years, we have had men who in their sleep have wrote volumes half a yard long; nay some, out of three or four volumes, have not been awake the writing of one single line. Several, in their sleep, have translated from Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, with great dexterity; and others; while asleep, have published very satirical remarks.
I lately received from Africa an account of a nation there who have such esteem for great sleepers, that most places of honor and trust are bestowed upon them: this account was sent me by an intimate friend of mine, who now resides there; he informs me, that he has often known the natives to chuse men to act for them, who instead of performing their office, have slept all the seven years they were chosen for. He says, there are some men, in very great posts, who have not been known to wake for ten years together; and the value for great sleepers prevails so much in all the countries adjoining, that upon some differences arising, among the several powers thereabouts, each district sent men to treat of a reconciliation; who, when met, fell all asleep, and continued so when my friend's letter came away; without any symptoms of their ever being likely to wake. He says also, there is a principal man in that neighbourhood, who, although he is always asleep in his chamber, puzzles and outwits all his neighbours by his sleepy stratagems and drowsy projects. Great sleepers are often put into the most honorable places in their mosques or temples; and several of their mullahs, or highpriests, have not done any thing like men awake for many years, but several of them have been in one continued sleep for ten or twelve years together: but my correspondent says, that this drowsy temper generally increases as they rise in dignity; and that, when they arrive at the greatest honour they can expect, it is common for them to cease all action, and spend the remaining part of their days in ease and sleep. The great inclination these people have to sleep, my friend tells me, is owing to a root of that country, which, as it is esteemed by all the natives, is given as a fee to all public officers, and services are thought most amply rewarded by it. This root, being of a very soporiferous quality, affecteth those that take it, more or less, according to the quantity they take; so that men, with a little, are generally as sharp as needles, and very accurate; while those that have their bellies topsfull, is stupid, and apt to sleep. Parcels of this vegetable which are dispersed among and by the rulers of that people, are generally found to have more of the somniferous tincture than any other.
Thus far my friend's narrative; and I cannot read it without pitying the miserable people it describes. What a melancholy state is it for a people to be so unhappily besotted to a root that has such a stupifying effect! Surely no Englishman can read this account without being heartily glad to find his country free from such an infectious drug, and rejoicing to find all his countrymen really awake, and free from all symptoms of a sleeping people.
ANECDOE.
A Gentleman in the county of Surry, (England) having an estate in land of 200l. yearly, kept the whole in his own hand; finding that this did not answer, he was forced to sell the half to pay his debts, and he let the remainder to a tenant for twenty-one years. Towards the end of the lease, the tenant asked the landlord if he would part with his land? "Prithee tell me, says the landlord, how it should come that I could not live upon twice as much, being my own, and yet that you, having but one half, and paying rent for it, have been able in twenty years to buy it?" "Sir, said the farmer, when any thing was to be done, you said go and do it; but I always said, let us go and do it; and so not only saw my business done, but assisted."
ANECDOE.
GEN. DALZEL passing by a centinel at Portsmouth, the fellow complained that he wanted shoes. " 'Tis very fit you should have a pair," says the General. Thereupon he takes a piece of chalk, and chalks out a pair of shoes upon the centry box. "There's a pair for you, adds he, and goes his way. His back was no sooner turned, than the soldier chalks out a man standing centinel, and then goes his way. The General, presently after, was surprized to meet the fellow in the town, and enquired, with severe threats, how he came to leave his post. "Sir (said he) I am relieved" "Relieved! that's impossible at this time of day. Who has relieved you?" "One I'll answer for it that won't stir from his post," replied the soldier. Hereupon the General goes with him to the place: "There, Sir, (says the fellow) if I am to look upon this as a good pair of shoes, you must own that this is likewise a very good centinel."
BON MOT.
"HOW shameful is it, that you should fall asleep," (said a stupid preacher, to his drowsy audience) when that poor creature (pointing to an idiot, who stood gaping at him) is both awake and attentive" "Perhaps, Sir, (replied the fool) I should have been asleep too, if I had not been an idiot."
ADVERTISEMENT EXTRAORDINARY, extracted from a southern paper.
"What's the real worth of any thing, But as much money as 'twil bring."
I HAVE at my disposal a young Widow, that from the intense heat of the weather, I find will not keep long on hand.—Any person who will give me 10 per cent. on her property, shall have the consent of.
SAMUEL CAREFALL,
"The Cat that linges her tabby skin, The chimney keeps, and sits within; But once grown sleek, she frisks abroad, To shew her fur, and to be caterwaw'd."
Gloucester Town, July 27. 1786.
CROSS-READINGS.
LATELY ran away from their masters— Publick Faith, Private Virtue, &c. &c. Miners of vessels are cautioned against shipping them.
For private sale, on very easy terms— A number of agreeable and amiable young ladies,
Lost on the 4th inst. a silk purse containing— Many cogent arguments to induce the ladies.
Yesterday filed for the Cape of Good Hope— Honesty, Industry and Oeconomy— For no other reason than want of encouragement.
Just arrived, and now opening for sale— All the evils of Pandora's Box.
To be disposed of on very easy terms— Thirty nine stripes on the naked back— None need apply without good recommendations. By the United States in Congress assembled— Whereas our Copartnership expires this day.
The last accounts from the Indies say that— Money makes the mare go— But this wants confirmation.
DUBLIN, May 14.
It was on Saturday reported that the following melancholy affair happened a few days ago, near Boyle, in the county of Roscommon. The daughter of an inn-keeper there, having for several months listened to the warm addresses of a wealthy farmer in that neighbourhood, she entertained an uncommon affection for him, though at first she received his professions with reluctance; the story of their mutual attachment going abroad, and the young woman's predilection proving injurious to her reputation, on finding the avowed lover grow cool in his engagements, and despairing of fidelity, she one evening resolved to be finally informed of his purpose, and invited him to tea in the absence of her parents, when peremptorily putting him the question, and receiving an evasive answer, she blew the contents of a loaded pistol through his breast. On the news of the deed going abroad, she avowed herself guilty of the murder, at the same time mentioning her motives. (A lesson to all men how they sport with maiden reputation, either by neglect or the appearance of attachment.)

G E N O A, April 19.
Four extraordinary courtiers, dispatched by the principal mercantile houses at Seragossa, Barcelona and Valencia, have brought accounts to our merchants of the entire failure of the crop of Mulberry leaves in Spain, in consequence of the late severe season. This must bring on a scarcity of silk; and the merchants of the above places have given orders to their correspondents here to buy up all the silk they can to send them, that they may be able to carry on their manufactures.
L O N D O N,
May 29. An elegant window of stained glass is preparing for St. George's chapel, Windsor, by Jervais, who has been working at it for near three years; the expense will be at least 5000 guineas, 3000 of which have been already subscribed for by the Knights Companions of the Garter.
It is extraordinary, says a correspondent, to observe the violence and warmth with which the gentlemen of the bar pursue each other in the course of trials and argument, agitated in the courts of justice, insomuch that one might venture to conclude, that there is a peculiar something in the profession of the law, which has a tendency to blunt the usual sensibility of the mind. For it rarely, if ever, happens, notwithstanding the coarse invectives and personalities which we daily witness there, that any further notice is taken of the subject. The lawyers are as a band of brothers cemented by the strongest ties—they can "get angry (as the scripture tells us) and sin not."
June 12. There is a report at Paris, that there are at present three Polish noblemen at Versailles, who have deposited in the hands of government different projects, all attending to the curtailment of the Russian empire. Count de Wiosky, a young nobleman from Poland, we hear, is also just arrived there, and on the very day of his arrival, which was on the 17th of March, had no less than two conferences with M. de Vergennes. Politicians in France are on tiptoe to know the purport of his journey, while common sense tells them that it must be something of consequence.
In that important article of dress the shoe-buckle, invention is so much exhausted, that a few pairs have lately been seen adorned with the four and twenty letters of the Alphabet!—It having been maliciously suspected by some, that these modern Adoni carry more on their feet than they do in their heads, it is but candid to conclude, our beaux may in some degree be improving, while the A B C is placed in a situation so certain of attracting the attention of the wearer!
The army in China exceeds 700,000 men—the fortified places 2000.
K I N G S T O N, (Jamaica) July 8.
By a Grenada paper of the 3d of June we learn that the Sloop Mary Ann, belonging to London, bound for the Bay of Honduras, Captain Robert Reid, touched at Montserrat for a supply of water, on the 2d of May last, and during the time the Captain and Supercargo were on shore, the four hands that remained on board, hoisted the anchor, and piratically ran away with the said vessel. She is described to be very deep, her bottom at leaving London, brown, turpentine sides, part of her bowprit that hauls in on setting the small jib, very much chased; her sails stamped Benjamin Ward, and Co. sail makers, and her caboose marked Small and Son. She was laden with flour, instruments necessary for cutting wood in the Bay of Honduras, and dry goods principally marked M. G.
On arriving at Montserrat, her bottom was found very foul with barnacles and green moss. Should the shape her course for this place, the Advertiser requests she may be seized and intelligence given to Mr. William Wright, of this town.
Last week a negro woman, the property Mr. G. G. went to the guard house, disfigured in a manner almost too shocking to relate, her nose being entirely cut from her face, her ears dug from her head, so that her skull remained bare, and the other parts of her body much bruised. On being asked, who was the perpetrator of such unheard-of cruelty, she replied, her master; that he had beat her much that evening, and afterwards treated her in the manner related. Lieutenant Miskelly (the officer on guard) immediately headed a party of men, and went to the house, the door being opened, they entered and secured G. who had several marks of blood upon his cloaths, but said he knew nothing of the matter. The ears were found in the house, and several pieces of a stick, which it seems she had been beaten with. He was committed to the cage for further examination.
P H I L A D E L P H I A, August 11.
On Monday last the city troop of horse, Capt. Miles—a detachment of the artillery, with two six pounders, under Capt. Conolly and the light companies commanded by Captains Semple, Oswald, Hagner, and Sproat,—delirious of offering a distinguished mark of their respect and military esteem to Major General Baron de Steuben, now on a visit to our city—were paraded on the commons—and, after passing in very martial review, went through their evolutions and firings, agreeably to the system established in the continental army, with a precision and exactness, which bespoke a return of the truly military spirit that characterized the militia of Pennsylvania throughout the war.
They were then addressed by the Baron, who, after complimenting the appearance and discipline of the different corps, in terms of high approbation,—observed that he found himself particularly honoured on the present occasion, and happy in an opportunity of assuring them, that he should immediately employ himself in forming a system of legionary arrangement for the militia of the United States, which he hoped, would contribute to assist their intentions of becoming useful to their country, and rendering themselves respectable to foreign powers.
This system of discipline he should do himself the honor of dedicating to the militia of Philadelphia,
whose example, he did not doubt, would awaken an emulous ardour throughout the continent. He was greatly pleased to remark that a gentleman (colonel Mentges) who he had the satisfaction of styling his pupil, had been chosen to conduct their military improvement.
The Baron further observed, that as his late respected and beloved associates of the federal army had honored him with the title of their military Father; he wished exceedingly to stand in a similar relation with the militia of America, to whose advancement he would cheerfully devote his time and talents—and be ever happy in considering them as his sons and companions.
The manœuvres being completed, the column of march was formed, and, preceded by the Baron, and General de Pleiss, of the French army, with a number of gentlemen on horseback, the troops marched into the city, and were dismissed at the state house.
It is currently reported, that Congress have come to a determination of raising troops for the purpose of taking the western posts, with-held by the British. Should this be the case, another war with Britain will very probably be the consequence—for the British troops in Canada will in all likelihood be ordered for the defence and support of those contested forts—and thus it is easy to see the flames of war will be kindled anew. One of the volunteer companies of light infantry, of this city, have tendered their services on the occasion.
The list of ships expedited from the different parts of France to the most distant parts of the globe, in the course of the year 1785, proves beyond a doubt, that the French are making hasty strides to rival Great Britain in trade.
  Nantes sent off 167 ships.   Bordeaux — 257   Marseilles — 153   Havre de Grace — 110   Port L'Orient — 46   Rochelle — 30   Total 763 
August 12. Nothing can be conceived of more impudent (says one of our correspondents) than to see the strangers and foreigners intermeddling in our politics as soon as they set their feet upon our shores. During the late war, the state of Pennsylvania was kept in constant hot water by Osborne, and some others, of equally turbulent and worthless characters. At present the state is threatened with a convulsion by a set of new comers, who call themselves "Lately adopted sons." One of them, who, probably, earned a scanty subsistence in a garret, in London, or in the West Indies, during the late war, by writing against the American rebels, now yields himself as a willing instrument of the rage of a crazy old man, against the bank of North-America. Another, who never saw a paper shilling in his life, until he came to America, a year or two ago, and who knows nothing of the nature or principles of a paper currency, echoes the bellowing of a party in its favour; a third accuses an eminent lawyer of gross blunders in his profession, and then insults him with a challenge for laughing at his ignorance and stupidity.
We have just heard from New York, that the East-India ship which arrived there a few weeks ago, under Imperial colours, proves, from some circumstances that have lately transpired, to belong to the English East-India company, and not to the company at Trieste and Ostend, as was first given out and generally believed. She has since fallen down towards Amboy, where she will probably land the residue of her cargo (part of which has been permitted to be landed and sold in New-York free from duty, to defray the expense of her repairs) and thus give the smugglers an opportunity to defraud the revenue of New-York and Pennsylvania of the duties.
August 16. "Thursday the 6th inst. a detachment of continental troops, under the command of Capt. Mercer, arrived here from New-Jersey, and on the Saturday following proceeded on their march for the Miami."
"On Wednesday, the 25th inst. there came into this town about 300 savages, men, women, and children, of different nations, with a number of their chiefs and principal personages—the king of the Wyandots, with his family; a chief of the Senacas, with several of his tribe; a number of Delawares, and several chiefs of the Chippawas, the most remote nation of Indians amongst them, and inhabiting the country westward of Lake Erie, to the Lake of the Woods, and the heads of the Mississippi river. The language of these savages is said to be a kind of general language understood thro' an extent of 3000 miles. They came to a council, as they gave out, with the Shawanese, and with one another, at this place, where they expected all to meet:—a number of the Mohawks were also present. They assembled, and made a speech, with belts of wampum as usual upon these occasions.—A chief of the Chippawas in the first instance, by his interpreter, who spoke the Delaware language, made a speech to the following effect—"
"Brothers—We have come a great way on behalf of our wives and children: It is on their behalf that we tread on this ground—(a belt)—The Great Man above has given us a bright day to meet our brothers—we have come a great way, and it is to make bright the chain of amity between us. We have one end and you the other—take you one between both your hands, thus, and hold it fast as we hold it—(a belt)—Brothers—we are poor, wretchedly poor, give us something to cover our backsides, and send us clothed home. A chief amongst us has seen a saddle which he wants—brothers, give us this—(two strings.)—Brothers—our young men, in passing through the town, have smelled whiskey; after smelling, we shall go unhappy away without tasting—Brothers, give us a keg—(three strings, and then a general hough by the different tribes.)"
ANSWER—by an Officer of this place.
"Brothers—We are glad to see you, and to establish friendship. As the streams in our country and in yours, though so far apart, run always, so let your friendship and ours be as perpetual! You are poor,
and we are poor also. We have had a long war with the great king beyond the water, whose people came over into this country, and burnt our houses, and took away a great part of our clothing. We followed them, and killed them all; but before we had come up with them, they had burnt and torn up the blankets they had taken from us. We have not yet had time to make a great number more. We are strong in numbers; but, like you, we are poor: but of what we have we will give a part."
"Brothers—When you are at home, hunt and collect fur, and when you come to us bring it with you; in return for which, our traders will be able to give you blankets and other things."
"Brothers—While you are with us be sober, and drink little whiskey, lest you do amiss, and be ashamed of it. The great sun which you see above you, when it is thirsty, takes the end of a cloud, and sucks the water out of it."
"Brothers—Do you drink water—(no grunt by any of the tribes)—we will give you a few kegs of whiskey—(a general snort.)"
N E W-Y O R K, August 11.
Extract of a letter from Halifax, "CAPITAL" of new Scotland, July 10th, 1786.
"There is a total stagnation (almost) of every species of business here, and cash more scarce than with you, in New-York, which I should have questioned, had I not ocular demonstration. The chief business done here, is by the Custom house macaronies; they seize every vessel from United America, tho' she may have their Governor and Council's permit; their crown lawyers insisting that is not valid, as it is in violation of the hobby-horse (which they ride ceaselessly) "the Navigation Act." American property, even if brought here in a British bottom," is assuredly condemned; and what is remarkable, the judges who condemn, are the persons who share what arises from their own condemnation. The only people who can afford to live tolerably , are the Custom house myrmidons. They stick at nothing which will effect a prize , even to take vessels nine miles from their harbour—instance Captain House, in a Schooner from Penobscot. There are some few gentlemen here, nevertheless, who reprobate their conduct openly, but to little purpose, for the gentry are feared, &c. I cannot conclude without adding, in justice, that I now and then meet with a liberal loyalist, with whom you can discuss (without danger of a fracas, which is not uncommon) political subjects, and be secured from the favourite salutation of "rebel;" which, repeatedly, I have heard proceed from the lips of some officers, particularly when inebriated."
Extract of a letter from an eminent House in Gibraltar, to their friends in Philadelphia, dated the 28th of May, 1786.
"Mr. Lamb, who was mentioned in our last, had arrived at Algiers, and we are told, admitted to an audience of the Dey; but the Algerines being rather, at present, haughty and insolent, chiefly owing to the amazing tribute or present lately made them by the Spaniards, made such demands from Mr. Lamb, that he could not bring them to any reasonable terms; and therefore was obliged, as we understand, to leave their city at a few hours warning. We wish sincerely matters were made up; as, until they are, it will be very unsafe for any defenceless American vessel to appear in these seas. With regard to our opposite neighbours, the Emperor of Morocco, we have reason to believe that he might be prevailed on to enter into a treaty with your States on tolerable terms: indeed the cruisers are trifling compared with those of the Dey of Algiers."
AUGUST 14.
Extract of a letter from Cadiz, dated 10th May 1786.
"Mr. Lamb, who had gone to Algiers, is, I find, returned to Alicante, having been able to do nothing. Upwards of 12,000. sterling was demanded for the ransom of 22 Americans who are there. Mr. Barclay and Col. Franks are actually here, on their way to Morocco; where, by the influence of his Catholic Majesty, which, I understand, will be exerted in behalf of America, I hope their negotiations may prove more successful."
AUGUST 17.
Extract of a letter from Cape Francois, July 26.
"A ship arrived here yesterday from Bourdeaux with dispatches for the Governor, mentioning the capture of a frigate in the English channel; in consequence of which, a hot press has begun here among the French sailors, to man the ships of war now in port. Ten thousand troops are expected here immediately, to protect this city."
We learn from Norfolk, that the ship Cyrus, condemned at a late court of admiralty at that city, was sold at publick auction for the sum of 1820l.
A letter from a gentleman at Montego-Bay, to his friend in this city, "Were I to give you a detail of our distresses in consequence of our trade with America being stopped, it would take too long time for the present opportunity—God knows what will become of this island—Many negroes on the different estates starving. Scarce a barrel of flour to be had—and then at the exorbitant price of fifteen dollars. The merchants of this country in that trade daily enrich themselves; and many even take advantage of the times. The planters as well as owners of negroes with property unanimously curse the first perpetrators of that act which deprives this country of the trade to the United States. I heartily wish to be with you. I hope it won't be long."
August 21. The brig — from Hispaniola, which arrived in this port on Thursday evening, was boarded the 1st instant by a pirate, under blue and black colours, and the sum of 33,496 dollars, besides some other articles of value, taken out of her. The captain of the brig was detained by the pirates on board their vessel several hours.
The following paragraph is copied from the Pitts-burgh Gazette, published at Fort Pitt the 29th ult.—

By a gentleman who arrived here the 14th instant from the Wabash, we are informed, that on the 1st of June an attack was made on Post St. Vincent, by a party of Indians, called the Pyanchehaws, when after a firing of near three hours, the Indians were obliged to retreat, with the loss of 17 or 18 of their number. The loss of the inhabitants was only six killed and wounded."
A French writer in the Journal de Guienne asserts, that from the year 1675, to the year 1785, no less than 70,000 persons have been executed in London.
V E R M O N T.
BENNINGTON, August 7. We hear from Arlington, that on the evening of Wednesday last, a mad wolf coming from the opposite woods, proceeded into the road; every beast that fell in his way shared the fatal effects of his fury; a number of hogs, cows and oxen were bit, and several geese killed by him; at length he attacked a Mr. Heard, and tore off his great-coat, by which means Mr. Heard made his escape without being bit, and afterwards killed the wolf.
CHARLESTOWN, August 25.
The number of old forts found in the Kentucky country are the admiration of the curious, and a matter of much speculation. They are mostly of a circular form, situated on strong, well chosen ground, and contiguous to water. When, by whom, and for what purpose, these were thrown up, is uncertain. They are certainly very ancient, there not being the least visible difference in the age or size of the timber growing on or within these forts, and that which grows without; and the oldest natives have lost all tradition respecting them. They must have been the efforts of a people much more devoted to labour than our present race of Indians; and it is difficult to conceive how they could be constructed without the use of iron tools. At a convenient distance from these always stands a small mount of earth, thrown up in the form of a pyramid, and seems in some measure proportioned to the size of its adjacent fortification. On examination, they have been found to contain a chalky substance, supposed to be bones, and of the human kind. From a description of Kentucky.
Says a correspondent—The great sources from whence all crimes originate are poverty and idleness—Poverty, by depriving people of their share of the necessaries of life, and consequently throwing temptations in the way of wretchedness, which it has not the constancy to resist;—and idleness, by giving room for the operation of passions which naturally lead to the commission of crimes, and which induce them to take from the possession of others what they wanted the industry to procure themselves. The views of legislators should be, to destroy these sources, and thereby have the fewer vices to punish. If parents, without distinction, were compelled to put their children to learn some profession, it would serve to obviate the miseries to which the poor are so frequently subjected, and would afford a certain and happy refuge to those in better circumstances, from whom Fortune might withdraw her favours.
B O S T O N, August 29.
There is an imperial ordinance in China, which says, "it was a maxim of their ancestors, that if a man did not employ himself in labour, or a woman in spinning, some person must suffer cold or hunger in the empire." What an excellent lesson this must prove, if borne about in the general minds of the Americans! We should not then have every wind that blows waiting us some gew-gaw fashion from Great-Britain.
The American Printers are requested to inform the world, that the once boasted land of freedom, Britain, is so sunk in slavery, that even the reprinting the history of South Carolina (because it contains a catalogue of British villanies, and murders,) is deemed illegal and the printers in that island dare not publish it for fear of a ruinous prosecution—Britons, boast no more of freedom—AMERICANS! prize your glorious INDEPENDENCE.
We are informed that his Honor Thomas Cushing, Esq. is appointed by his Excellency the Governor, and the Hon. Council, one of the Commissioners to represent this Commonwealth in the Continental Convention—which is to meet the ensuing month, at Annapolis, to take into consideration the commerce of the United States—in the room of one of the gentlemen appointed by the Legislature—who has declined going.
Friday last the following melancholy accident happened at Chelsea, as we hear, viz. A son of Mr. Cheever, of that place, taking down a gun, not knowing it to be loaded, and snapping it at the door it went off, when the contents entered the body of one of Mr. Cheever's daughters, who languishes under the misfortune.
Capt. Champlin, in the Schooner Venus, arrived at New-London, on the 16th instant, from Aux-Cayes, and, with his men, made oath, that "there came passenger in said Schooner, a French gentleman by the name of Jean Douillard Faubaine, a man between 40 and 50 years of age, who said he was bound to New-London with a view to go from thence to New-York, and take passage in the packet for l'Orient, having nothing with him but what was contained in a small trunk, except his matross, bedding and a few clothes. Nothing remarkable happened until the 10th of July, when he seemed to be disordered in his mind, and complained of a mal à tête, or pain in his head. He continued in this situation until the 15th of July; during which time he appeared wild; and, from his conduct, gave them reason to apprehend he intended jumping overboard, watching the cabin windows very attentively. In consequence of this apprehension, Capt. Champlin paid more attention to him, and endeavoured not to leave him without having an eye to him.—On the 15th of July, in the evening, he shaved and dressed himself in his best clothes;—it blowing pretty hard, all hands were on deck at about one o'clock; the mate having been below till twelve, the passenger had turned in, and, as he thought, was asleep; and about one o'clock, going down to light a fresh candle, saw him just going out
the cabin windows; on which, calling to him, he went out, the mate springing forward at the same time to catch him but was too late. Immediately on this they put the vessel about, seeing the passenger at the same time swimming from the vessel: they heard him for some minutes—hollowed to him, and were in hopes to have taken him in; but about twelve minutes after he was over, they heard a loud shriek, and saw and heard no more of him. They had seen two sharks following the vessel, and presume that one of them caught him."
PORTSMOUTH, August 31.
If this country in general would follow the laudable example of the gentlemen in Scotland, forming societies for the benefit of agriculture, and exciting a laudable emulation among our labourers, by distributing premiums, &c. a spirit of industry would soon take place, rural festivity reign triumphant, and a cheerful toil add beauty and perfection to the lands of America.
The Dutch have a mode of execution which is well calculated to inspire terror, without putting the sufferer to extraordinary pain. The criminal is placed on a scaffold, opposite the gigantic figure of a woman, with arms extended, filled with spikes, or long sharpened nails, and a dagger pointed from her breast, she is gradually moved towards him by a machinery for the purpose, till he gets within her embrace, when her arms encircle him, and the dagger is pressed through his heart. This is vulgarly called among them, killing the Yffrow, or woman, and excites more terror in the breasts of the populace than any other than of punishment.
NAVAL-OFFICE,
PORT OF PISCATAQUA, August 31, 1786.
ENTERED, FROM. Brig Polly, Rice, Martinico. CLEARED, FOR Brig Dispatch, Tibbetts, West-Indies. Brig Viscounte D'Arrot, Mendum, Tobago.
UNITED STATES in CONGRESS assembled, June 29, 1786.
THE Committee consisting of Mr. Grayson, Mr. Dana and Mr. Monroe to whom was referred a letter of the 16th May, from the Governor of Virginia, having reported: That it appears to the committee, that the Indian tribes therein referred to, were invited to the treaty which was held at the mouth of the Great Miami by the commissioners of the United States, but failed either to attend thereat, or to take any notice of the messages sent them for that purpose: That they have since that time attacked the frontiers of the state of Virginia, and are frequently committing murders and depredations on the inhabitants of the said state; That as the attempt for preserving peace by treaties alone has in this instance been unsuccessful; and is not likely on any future occasion, with respect to these Indians, to have a more prosperous issue, the committee are of opinion that the only alternative left, is for the United States to send a respectable force into their country, and at the same time authorize the commanding officer of such expedition, either to treat with the said Indians, or make war with, as circumstance may require. That this mode of proceeding, will not only give peace to the citizens of Virginia, who are entitled by the confederation to the protection of the United States; but will render the federal authority respectable in those countries, and be the means of preventing other tribes from disturbing the frontiers of the different states in the union: Therefore, Resolved, That the commanding officer, with the two companies of the troops now in the pay of the United States, ordered to the rapids of the Ohio on the 22d inst. do without delay march into the country of the different tribes of Indians, either on the Wabash or elsewhere who are at war with the citizens of these United States, for the purpose of treating with the said Indians or of making war on them as circumstances may require. That the said commanding officer be authorized to apply to the executive of the state of Virginia for such a number of militia from the district of Kentucky, not exceeding one thousand, and such supplies of provisions as he may, from circumstance judge necessary, and who are hereby requested to furnish the same, deducting the amount thereof from the specific proportion of the requisitions of the year 1786.
That the said commanding officer give peace to the said Indians on no other terms than that of their making satisfaction as far as lies in their power, for any damages already done, and of delivering up a sufficient number of hostages as a security for the time to come.
In CONGRESS June 7, 1786.
On a report of the board of treasury, to whom was referred a petition of Benjamin Pierce, late a gunner of the continental frigate Alliance, in behalf of a number of the late officers and marines of the said ship Alliance, when under the command of Captain Peter Landais:
Resolved, That the board of treasury be directed to take such measures as may appear to them
to be most effectual for procuring accurate returns of the officers and men serving on board the Bon Homme Richard, commanded by John Paul Jones, and the frigate Alliance, commanded by Peter Landais, at the time the captures were made by the late squadron under the command of John Paul Jones.
That the amount of the prize monies paid by Captain John Paul Jones, to the order of the board of treasury, on account of the officers and crew of the vessels above mentioned, be by the said board distributed to the officers and men entitled to receive the same or to their proper heirs or assigns, in proportion to the shares respectively due to them, agreeably to the returns above mentioned, and the ordinances of Congress it that behalf made.
CHOICE Bohea Tea,
Just imported from EUROPE, and to be sold By JOHN SPARHAWK, By the Chest, Hundred or smaller Quantity, at the lowest CASH price,—ALSO—a few Casks of
Old Brandy
of an excellent Flavor,—HYSON TEA, and a variety of other GOODS.
FOR SALE,
A new genteel CHAISE, with Harness complete, for which payment will be made easy. Apply to the PRINTER hereof,
35 white pine MASTS, 8 BOWSPRITS, and 80 YARDS, of various dimensions,
TO BE SOLD
At Public Vendue,
at Portsmouth, in the state of New-Hampshire, on the 19th of September next, at ten o'clock forenoon, at Marden's wharf.
Portsmouth, August 29, 1786.
RANAWAY from their master, on the night of 27th inst. two indentured apprentices, John Thing, about twenty years of age, is a tall slim lad, had on a brown homespun ution coat and a red waistcoat:—John Daniels, a short thick-set lad, about seventeen or eighteen years of age, had on a brown homespun ution Jacket & Trowsers; whoever will take up one or both of said runaways and return them to their master, free of expence, shall have one penny for each of them. All masters of vessels are cautioned against harbouring or carrying said apprentices to sea, as they would avoid the penalty of the law in like cases. DANIEL JONES, Exeter, August 30, 1786
TO BE SOLD,
A large convenient lot of Land, with or without a water privilege, lying on the south side of the creek above liberty bridge (so called) the pay will be made easy to the purchaser, apply to William Bunt or Samuel Bowles. Portsmouth August 29 1786
NOTICE is hereby given, that there will be held at the North Meeting-House, on Monday the 4th of September next, at three o'clock in the afternoon, a PUBLIC VENDUE, for the sale of the PEWS belonging to the following persons, who have not paid the taxes due on them for the year 1785, unless prevented by previous payment.—
   No of Pews. Owners. Sums due.     64, Heirs of Capt. John Ayers, 11. 16   249, Jeremiah Libbey, Esq. 0 18   22 Eleazer Russell, Esq. 1 16   56 Mr. James Sheafe, 1 16   101 Mr Charles Roberts, 0 12   107 Heirs of Widow Mayo, 0 12  
JOSHUA PIKE, Collector.
Portsmouth, Aug. 15, 1786.
ALL persons indebted to, or that have any demands upon the estate of William McIntyre, late of Portsmouth, mariner, deceased, are desired to settle the same with RUTH MCINTYRE, Administratrix.
Blanks of most sorts may be had at this OFFICE, and of THOMAS ODIORNE, Esq. at his shop in Exeter, where may be had a variety of West-India and English Goods, cheap.

Parnassian Spring.
AN EULOGY ON MASONRY.
THROUGH many an age, amidst the shock of arms, Religion's jars, and party's fell alarms, Mid folly's lies and slander's forged stains, Still unsubverted MASONRY remains;
Flax Seed.
Wanted a considerable quantity.
CASH given for FLAX SEED, By R. Champney, at the STORE opposite the Post-Office: Where may be had, Philadelphia and Sweed's IRON, English and Raven's Duck, Cordage of all sorts, &c.
WANTED,
A few Tons of
Pot and Pearl Ashes,
Inquire as above.
Portsmouth, August 6, 1786.
GRAFTON, IS.
THE subscribers having been appointed by the hon. judge of probate, for said county, commissioners, to receive and examine the claims of the several creditors to the estate of John Crane, late of Hanover, in said county, Physician, deceased, under the administration of Hannah Crane, represented intestate;
BEZA WOODWARD, AARON STORRS, JAMES WHEELLOCK, Commissioners.
Hanover, August 1, 1786.
SALT.
CHOICE Salt to be sold cheap for Cash, or on credit, or exchanged for Merchantable, Jamaica and Scale Fish, Rye, Indian Corn, Flax-Seed, &c. &c.
Aaron Hill,
at his Shop opposite the State-House, or at the Store lately improved by Captain MARTIN, on Church Hill.
Portsmouth, Aug. 17.
Thirty Dollars Reward.
WHEREAS some evil minded person or persons on Saturday night, the 5th inst. broke into the Store of the subscriber, and stole the following articles, viz. one piece of reddish brown Broad Cloth, one piece of dark brown ditto, two pieces of light-mix'd colour'd Serge, one piece fine Chintz, one piece of green Shalloon, one piece of dark brown ditto, one piece red Tammy, six or seven dozen of check'd linnen Handkerchiefs of different kinds, one piece of striped Cambleteen;
Jonathan Hamilton,
Berwick, August 9, 1786.
WANTED,
A quantity of BEES-WAX, for which CASH will be given by EDMUND ROBERTS, or SAMUEL HILL.
Portsmouth, Aug. 16.
John Goddard,
Has for Sale on the most reasonable terms, at his Shop opposite the Printing-Office in Paved-Street,
A very general Assortment of
Drugs & Medicines,
Also
Madeira, Sherry, Port, Cancavilla, Lisbon, Claret, Muscat, Frontiniac, Malaga and George's Wines.
LINSEED OIL, Painters Brushes and an assortment of Painters Colors and Dryers. Single and double refined Loaf Sugar, Brown ditto, Rum, Brandy, Gin, London Porter, Olive, Florence and Lucao Oil, Hysop, Souchong, Congo and Bohea Tea, Raisins, Figs, Currants Prunes, Olives, Capers, Almonds, Tamarinds, Citron, Preserves, Cinnamon, CLOVES, Mace, Nutmegs, Oatmeal, Rice, Pepper, Allspice, Ginger, Flour, Indigo, Starch, Coffee, Chocolate, Snuff in bottles, Nails & Window Glass of different sizes, Redwood, Logwood, Fustick, Allum, Copperas, Pearl Ash, Castile and common Soap, English and German Steel Philadelphia and Swedish IRON, An assortment of Iron hollow ware.
Any of the above Articles, or Cash will be given for
Flax-Seed.
Portsmouth, August 16, 1786.
FLAX-SEED.
WANTED, a quantity of FLAX-SEED, for which Cash, English or West-India Goods will be given in payment, by
Edmund H. Quincy,
at his Store nearly opposite the Post-Office. Where also may be had, School Books, Navigation Books, and Stationary in general.
Portsmouth, Aug. 16.
Jonathan Moulton,
Esq. of Hampton,
HAVING for more than twenty years past, been exerting himself in encouraging the settlement and cultivation of much of the waste lands in this state, and expended very large sums of money, flattering himself, from a long course of success, with the idea, that while the community was served, his own interest was vastly accumulating, without suspicion of embarrassments: but the very great amount of taxes which he has yearly, for several years past, been obliged to pay on them, and the unhappy check on trade and business, and particularly the sudden stagnation of the disposal of new lands of late, has so greatly deranged his schemes and expectations, and so perplexed his affairs, that he is under such disagreeable circumstances as obliges him to inform all those whom he has been advancing his interest to, or are otherwise indebted to him, that he is now in a pressing and unexpected manner called upon to pay the principal demands that are against him, and therefore must of necessity call earnestly on all of them, to exert themselves to make him payment in such articles as they can procure.
He is very sensible of the great scarcity of cash, and the impossibility of people in general to make punctual payments with it, at this distressing period; therefore, to give what ease and indulgence he can to his debtors, he will take any kind of produce at the current price, at either of his seats at Orford or Piermont, or his store at Centre-Harbour, and any sort of merchantable lumber delivered at Dover within three months; also public securities at the current value, in hopes that these articles may facilitate his making some considerable payments.
Had his expectations from his landed interest only, been but in a small degree adequate to what he reasonably flattered himself with, he would not by any means had any urgent recourse to those indebted to him; but it is a known truth, that landed interest in the country, is now but a poor resource for present and pressing exigencies.
Said Moulton thinks he may assure himself, that after so generous an offer, and their considering the necessity he is under, all his debtors will strive to make payment, and assist him to settle with his creditors, whom he is desirous and well disposed to pay as quick as possible.
While he is calling on his debtors, he would just remind those of his creditors, who are now the most pressing for payment from him, of the impossibility of any person's raising any considerable sum, in this critical and distressing scarcity of cash; as he is possessed of a plentiful estate, consisting of many valuable improved farms, as well as large tracts of good unimproved land in the towns of Moultonborough, New Hampton and Tamworth, joining to, or near Winnepiseokee-Lake, and in Orford and Piermont, on the eastern side of Connecticut river; besides a considerable interest in Bath, Gunthwait, Eaton, Burton, Chatham, and other towns: he therefore informs them, that to prevent any further cost, he will gladly submit all demands against him, to the judgment of proper persons sufficiently empowered, and cause any of said lands to be appraised, set off, and quiet possession delivered, by measures as effectual as if done by execution; and he will, besides, deduct ten per centum out of the nominal value of the land, or farm, after an impartial appraisement has been made.
He hopes his proposal may be acceptable, at least to some of his creditors, as it is at present the best in his power to make, and thereby much cost and trouble may be saved; otherwise, he must request their indulgence until he can make them more satisfactory pay.
FOR SALE, AND
Good Bargains recommended.
ANY enterprising gentleman, or company of gentlemen, that may be disposed to purchase large tracts in either of the aforesaid towns, may be assured of having them on such terms as may be well worthy their attention. Long credit will be given for the principal part, and payment made early.
However dull or low an ebb new lands are now, and have been for some time, he will venture to predict, that the time is not at a great distance, when they will become an object of much regard and speculation; therefore recommends the present opportunity to gentlemen of ability, to invest property in them.
P. S. He earnestly requests all his debtors to inform him respectively, by letter or otherwise, as soon as may be, what he may really depend upon. Hampton, August 16, 1786.
SUBSCRIPTIONS for this Paper, at Four shillings and six pence for six Months (exclusive of postage) are taken in at the Office, and by THOMAS ODIORNE, Esq. at his Shop in Exeter, where Advertisements are received, the Favors of Correspondents and all Orders in the Art of Printing attended to with Punctuality and Dispatch.