The Rhode-Island Republican (Newport, R.I.), 1809-12-27 00:00:00

THE RHODE-ISLAND REPUBLICAN.
No. 41.
NEWPORT, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1809.
Vol. 1
NEWPORT, R. I.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED ON WEDNESDAYS, BY WILLIAM SIMONS, No. 15, MILL-STREET. TERMS.
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PINKERTON'S
Collection of Voyages and Travels.
THE first number of this interesting work, will be ready for Subscribers at Newport, in a few weeks. This number is a fair specimen of the paper, printing, &c. and is deposited for inspection at the store of JOE SNEATHMAN, where such as decline their subscription until they have an opportunity of seeing the engravings, the style of printing, and the paper, are invited to examine the execution of the work. Newport, 11th mo. 29th, 1809.
Miscellany.
MR. ADAMS'S CORRESPONDENCE CONTINUED.
Answers to Mr. Kalkoen's Queries.
LETTER X. Amsterdam, October 16, 1780.
SIR, THE tenth head of inquiry is, "How great is the force of America? The number of men? Their discipline, &c. from the commencement of the troubles? Is there a good supply of warlike stores? Are these to be found partly or entirely in America? Or must they be imported?"
The force of America consists of a regular army, and of a militia: the regular army has been various at different times. The first regular army, which was formed in April, 1775, was enlisted for six months only; the next was enlisted for one year; the next for three years; the last period expired last February. At each of these periods, between the expiration of a term of enlistment, and the formation of a new army, the English have given themselves airs of triumph, and have done some brilliant exploits. In the winter of 1775-6, indeed, they were in Boston; and although our army, after the expiration of the first period of enlistment for six months, was reduced to a small number, yet the English were not in a condition to attempt any thing. In the winter of 1776-7, after the expiration of the second term of enlistment, and before the new army was brought together, the English marched through the Jerseys. After the expiration of the last term of enlistment, which was for three years, and ended last January or February, the English went to their old exultations again, and undertook the expedition to Charleston. In the course of the last spring and summer, however, it seems the army has been renewed; and they are now enlisted, in general, during the war.
To state the numbers of the regular army according to the establishment, that is, according to the number of regiments at their full compliment, I suppose the continental army has sometime amounted to fourscore thousand men. But the American regiments have not often been full, any more than the English. There are in the war office at Philadelphia, regular monthly returns of the army, from 1775 to this day, but I am not able, from memory, to give an accurate account of them; it is sufficient to say that the American regular army has been generally superior to that of the English; and it would not be good policy to keep a larger army, unless we had a prospect of putting an end to the British power in America by it. But this, without a naval superiority, is very difficult, if not impracticable: the English take possession of a sea-port town, fortify it in the strongest manner, and cover it with their men-of-war, so that our army cannot come at it. If France and Spain should cooperate with us so far as to send ships enough to maintain the superiority at sea, it would not require many years, perhaps not many months, to exterminate the English from the United States. But this policy those Courts have not adopted, which is a little surprizing, because it is obvious, that by captivating the British fleet and army in America, the most decisive blow would be given to their power, which can possibly be given in any quarter of the globe.
What number of regular troops Gen. Washington has at this time under his immediate command, I am unable precisely to say: I presume, however, that he has not less than twenty thousand men, besides the French troops under the Comte de Rochambeau. Nor am I able to say, how many General Gates has to the southward.
But besides the regular army we are to consider the militia. Several of the Colonies were formed into a militia, from the beginning of their settlement. After the commencement of this war, all the others followed their example, and made laws, by which all the inhabitants of America are now enrolled in a militia, which may be computed at five hundred thousand men. But these are scattered over a territory of one hundred and fifty miles in breadth, and at least fifteen hundred miles in length, lying along upon the sea coast. This gives the English the advantage, by means of their superiority at sea, to remove suddenly and easily from one part of the continent to another, as from Boston to New-York, from New-York to Rhode-Island, from New-York to Chesapeake or Delaware Bay, or to Savannah or Charleston; and the Americans the disadvantage, of not being able to march either the regular troops or the militia to such vast distances, without immense expense of money and of time. This put it in the power of the English to take so many of our seaport towns, but not to make any long and successful marches into the interior country, or make any permanent establishment there. As to discipline, in the beginning of the war there was very little, either among the militia or the regular troops. The American officers have, however, been industrious; they have had the advantage of reading all the books which have any reputation, concerning military science; they have had the example of their enemies, the
British officers, before their eyes a long time, indeed from the year 1768; and they have had the honour of being joined by the British, German, French, Prussian and Polish officers, of infantry and cavalry, of artillery and engineering: so that the art of war is now as well understood in the American army, and military discipline is now carried to as great perfection, as in any country whatever.
As to a supply of war-like stores: at the commencement of hostilities, the Americans had neither cannon, arms or ammunition, but in such contemptible quantities as distressed them beyond description: and they have all along been straitened, at times, by a scarcity of these articles, and are to this day.
They have, however, at present, an ample field artillery: they have arms and powder; and they can never be again absolutely destitute, because the manufactures of all sorts of arms, of cannon of all sorts, of saltpetre and powder, have been introduced and established. These manufactures, although very good, are very dear, and it is difficult to make enough for so constant and so great a consumption. Quantities of these articles are imported every year; and it is certain they can be imported and paid for, by American produce, cheaper than they can be made.
But the Americans, to make their system perfect, went five hundred thousand stands of arms, that is, one at least for every militia man, with powder and accoutrements in proportion. This, however, is rather to be wished for than expected. The French fleet carried arms to America: and if the communication between America and France and Spain should become more frequent, by frigates and men-of-war, and especially if this Republic should be compelled into a war with England, America will probably never again suffer much for want of arms or ammunition.
The English began the war against the Northern Colonies: here they found the effects of ancient militia laws: they found a numerous and hardy militia, who fought and defeated them upon many occasions. They then thought it necessary to abandon these and fall upon the Middle Colonies, whose militia had not been so long formed: however, after several years experience, they found they were not able to do any thing to the purpose against them. They have lastly conceived the design of attacking the Southern Colonies: here the white people, and consequently the militia, are not so numerous, and have not yet been used to war: here, therefore, they have had some apparent success; but they will find in the end, their own destruction in these very successes. The English will never favour their men: Their first successes will embolden them to rash enterprises; the people there will become enured to war, and will finally totally destroy them: for as to the silly gasconade of bringing the Southern Colonies to submission, there is not even a possibility of it. The people of those States are as firm in principle, and as determined in their tempers, against the designs of the English, as the Middle or the Northern States.
I have the honour to be, JOHN ADAMS.
Mr. Kalkoen.
LETTER XI.
Amsterdam, October 17, 1780.
SIR, Your eleventh question will give an opportunity of making some observations upon a subject that is quite misunderstood in every part of Europe. I shall answer it with great pleasure, according to the best of my information, and with the utmost candour.
The question is, "How great is the present debt of America? What has she occasion for yearly to act defensively? Are those wants supplied by the inhabitants themselves, or by other nations? If in the latter case, what does America lose of her strength by it? Are they not, in one manner or other, recompensed again by some equivalent advantage? If so, in what manner? What would be required to act offensively, and by that means shorten the war?"
All Europe has a mistaken apprehension of the present debt of America. This debt is of two sorts; that which is due from the Thirteen United States, in Congress assembled; and that which is owing from each of the Thirteen States in its separate capacity. I am not able to say, with precision what the debt of each separate State, is; but all these added together, fall far short of the debt of the United States.
The debt of the United States consists of three branches: 1. The sums which have been lent them by France and Spain, and by Mr. Beaumarchais and Company; these have been for purchasing some supplies of cannon, arms, ammunition, and cloathing for the troops; for assisting prisoners escaped from England; and for some other purposes: but the whole sum amounts to no great thing.
2. The Loan-Office Certificates; which are promissory notes given to individuals in America, who have lent paper money to the Congress, and are their securities for the payment of the principal and interest. These the Congress have equitably determined shall be paid, according to the value of the paper bills, in proportion to silver, at the time of their dates.
3. The paper bills which are now in circu-
lation or which were in circulation on the 1st day of March last. These bills amount to the nominal sum of two hundred millions of dollars; but the real value of them to the possessors is estimated at forty for one, amounting to five millions of Spanish dollars, or one million and a quarter sterling. The estimation of them has given satisfaction to America, to the possessors of them, who certainly obtained them in general at a cheap rate.
These three branches of debt, which are the whole (according to a calculation made last May, and sent me by a member of Congress, who has been four years a member of their Treasury Board, and is perfect master of the subject; and amounts in the whole to five millions sterling, and no more. The national debt of America then is five millions sterling.
In order to judge of the burthen of this debt, we may compare it with the number of people. They are three millions. The national debt of Great Britain is two hundred millions. The number of people in England and Scotland is not more than six millions. Why should not America, with three millions of people, be able to bear a debt of one hundred millions, as well as Great Britain, with six millions of people, a debt of two hundred millions.
We may compare it with the exports of America. In 1774, the exports of America were six millions sterling. In the same year the exports of Great Britain were twelve millions. Why would not the exports of America, of six millions, bear a national debt of one hundred millions, as well as twelve millions of British exports bear a debt of two hundred millions?
We may compare it, in this manner, with the national debt of France, Spain, the United Provinces, Russia, Sweden, Denmark, Portugal; and you will find that it is but small in comparison.
We may compare it in another point of view. Great Britain has already spent in this war sixty millions sterling—America five millions. Great Britain has annually added to her national debt more than the whole amount of her annual exports. America has not added to hers, in the whole course of five years war, a sum equal to one years exports.
The debt of Great Britain is, in a large proportion of it, due to foreigners, for which they must annually pay the interest, by sending cash abroad. A very trifle of the American debt is yet due to foreigners.
Lord North borrowed last year twelve millions, and every future year of the war must borrow the same or a larger sum. America could carry on this war for several years, by borrowing only one million sterling a year.
The annual expense of America has not hitherto exceeded one million a year—that of Great Britain has exceeded twenty millions some years. America may therefore carry on this war an hundred years, and at the end of it will be no more in debt, in proportion to her present numbers of people, and her exports in 1774, than Great Britain is now.
There is another consideration of some weight; the landed interest in America is vastly greater, in proportion to the mercantile interest, than it is in Great Britain. The exports of America are the productions of the soil annually, which increase every year. The exports of Great Britain were manufactures, which will decrease every year, while this war with America lasts.
The only objection to this reasoning is this, that America is not used to great taxes, and the people there are not yet disciplined to such enormous taxation as in England. This is true; and this makes all their perplexity at present; but they are capable of bearing as great taxes in proportion as the English; and if the English force them to do it, by continuing the war, they will reconcile themselves to it; and they are in fact now taking themselves more and more every year, and to an amount, that a man who knew America only twenty years ago would think incredible.
Her wants have hitherto been supplied by the inhabitants themselves, and they have been very little indebted to foreign nations. But on account of the depreciation of her paper, and in order to introduce a more stable currency, she has now occasion to borrow a sum of money abroad, which would enable her to support her credit at home, to exert herself more vigorously against the English both by sea and land, and greatly assist her in extending her commerce with foreign nations, especially the Dutch. America would not lose of her strength by borrowing money, but, on the contrary, would gain vastly. It would enable her to exert herself more by privateering, which is a mine of gold to her. She would make remittances in bills of exchange to foreign merchants, for their commodities; and it would enable many persons to follow their true interest in cultivating the land, instead of attending to manufactures, which being indispensable, the Americans are now obliged more or less to follow, though less profitable. The true profit of America is the continual augmentation of the land and value of land. Improvement in her principal employment, her best part corresponds and the principal source of her grandeur and wealth.
The last question is easily answered. United is, What would be required to act offensively, and by that means shorten the war?"
To this I answer, nothing is wanted, but a loan of money, and a fleet of ships.

LONDON, NOV. 12.
A mail from Jamaica arrived on Friday morning with papers and letters to the 10th September. Before our troops left St. Domingo, an agreement to the following effect was entered into between Major General Carmichael and Don Juan Sanchez Ramirez, the Spanish Governor:—
"1. That all vessels bearing the flag of Great Britain, and navigated according to law, shall have free access and admission into all the ports under the Spanish government, and shall pay the same duties and imposts as those of Spanish vessels; enjoying the rights, liberties, and privileges in navigation and commerce equally with the latter.
"2. That the persons and property of all British subjects in the Spanish dominions of Santo Domingo, shall be under the safeguard and protection of government."
NOV. 14.
The determination to evacuate Walcheren is at length officially announced, and the necessary arrangements for withdrawing the wreck of our brave army from that horrid pest-house are ordered. It was full time; for besides the dreadful mortality that prevailed among the troops, insubordination and licentiousness had reached a height that threatened the total subversion of all discipline. Under the strange circumstances in which the island has been held for some time, it was impossible that military discipline should not have been excessively relaxed. In the hour of a wide wasting pestilence, when hundreds daily go to the grave, as well as in that of total rout and defeat, the words "command" and "obey" lose their force. The authority of the officer, and the subordination of the soldier are forgotten in the calamities that await both. "Continual robberies and depredations were committed, even to the assault of the mayor and magistrates, by the soldiers, officers as well as men."
Private letters were yesterday received from Spain, but with the exception of a report of intelligence having reached Cadiz, just as the packet was about to sail, of Geronona having at length been compelled to surrender, they contain no intelligence of importance.
It was rumoured yesterday that a Moniteur had reached town, containing a report of an action said to have taken place in the Mediterranean. According to this supposed report, four British and six French sail of the line were destroyed. We have reason to believe no such paper has been received.
According to an authentick account, lately published, the dominions which belonged to the French empire, at the end of last year contained 16,784 leagues and 39,347,897 souls, which makes 2344 for every square league. The publick revenue amounted to 720,000,000 of francs; the army consisted of 569,930 men, and a fleet of 40 sail of the line and 80 frigates.
By an account which has just been published the cessions made by the treaty of Vienna, amounted to 3,400,000 souls.
Extract of a Letter, dated Gibraltar, Oct. 24.
"The Carteret Packet arrived the day before yesterday, in 20 days from Malta. The Formidable and a convoy for this place and England, sailed two days before the packet, and arrived here this morning.
"A large expedition sailed from Sicily on the 23d of September, whose destination was unknown. The Zealous and Triumph arrived here on the 20th from Lisbon, in their way to Lord Collingwood's fleet off Toulon. We expect every day to hear of the Toulon fleet being at sea, as 15 sail of the line, 10 frigates, and a number of transports crowded with troops, were lying in the outer road at single anchor about a fortnight since."
"The Marquis Wellesley will embark on board the Duneegal at Cadiz, on his return to England, in the course of this week."
PARIS, NOV. 1.
Letters of the 20th Oct. from Vienna, contain the following news: Yesterday, at the moment we were announcing that the Empress of Austria was dangerously ill at Pest, her Majesty had already breathed her last. We have also been informed that the Archduchess Caroline, the Empress's second daughter is dead.
American Congress.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY DEC. 15.
Mr Southward offered a resolution appointing a committee to enquire into the expediency of making a law to regulate the mode of taking evidence in cases of contested elections of Members of Congress. And to compel the attendance of witnesses in such cases.—Adopted, and a committee appointed.
Mr Troup offered resolutions for printing documents respecting the Yazoo Lands. On motion of Mr Bacon, the resolutions were laid on the table.
The Canada and Nova Scotia refugee bill was read a third time and passed.
Mr Sheffey called up his resolutions respecting the Bature at New-Orleans. Mr W. Alston moved to refer these resolutions to the committee of publick lands.—Lost. Mr Nelson moved to lay them on the table for the present.—Carried. Mr Nelson then moved to discharge the committee of publick lands from any further consideration of the New-Orleans petitions. This motion produced a long and very animated debate which lasted to a late hour, when the question was taken and carried, 57 to 51.
Mr Golshborough presented the petition of Leven Jones of Baltimore, praying relief from penalties incurred on account of a breach of the laws of the United States, prohibiting the importation of slaves. Referred to the committee of commerce and manufactures.
by relinquishing the sum due to Mont St. Theresa, now Mont Napoleon, at Milan.
X. His Majesty the Emperor of the French engages to procure a full and complete pardon for the inhabitants of the Tyrol and Varalberg, who have taken a part in the insurrection; so that they shall not be prosecuted either in person or property.
His Majesty the Emperor of Austria equally engaged to grant a full and complete pardon to those inhabitants of the territories of Galicia of which he returns into possession, whether civil or military, publick officers or private individuals who have taken part in the levying of troops, or the formation of judicial or municipal administrations, or in any other proceedings whatever, during the war, which inhabitants shall not be prosecuted in their person or property.
They shall have permission, during a period of six years, to dispose of their properties, of whatever description they may be, to sell their estates; even those who have been considered inalienable, such as fidei commissum and majoratus , to leave the country, and to carry with them the produce of these sales in specie, or the effects of any other description, without paying any duty for the same, or experiencing any difficulty or obstruction.
The same permission and for the same period, shall be reciprocally allowed to the inhabitants and land-holders in the territories ceded by the present treaty.
The inhabitants of the duchy of Warsaw, possessing landed estate in Austrian Galicia, whether publick officers or private individuals shall enjoy the revenues thereof without paying any duty thereon, or experiencing any obstruction.
XI. Within six weeks from the exchange of the present treaty, posts shall be erected to mark the boundaries of Cracow, upon the right bank of the Vistula. For this purpose there shall be nominated Austrian, French and Saxon commissioners. The same measures shall be adopted, within the same period upon the frontiers of Upper Austria, Salzburg, Willach, and Camiola, as far as the Saave. The Teasweg, (stream) on the Saave shall determine what island of that river shall belong to each power. For this purpose French and Austrian commissioners shall be nominated.
XII. A military convention shall be forthwith entered into, to regulate the respective periods, within which the various provinces restored to His Majesty the Emperor of Austria shall be evacuated. The said convention shall be adjusted on the basis, that Moravia shall be evacuated in fourteen days, that part of Galicia which remains in possession of Austria, the city and district of Vienna, in one month; lower Austria in two months; and the remaining districts and territories not ceded by this treaty, shall be evacuated by the French troops, and those other allies in two months and a half, or earlier, if possible, from the exchange of the ratifications.
This convention shall regulate all that relates to the evacuation of the hospitals and magazines of the French army, and the entrance of the Austrian troops into the territories evacuated by the French or their allies; and also the evacuation of that part of Croatia ceded by the present treaty to His Majesty the Emperor of the French.
XIII. The prisoners of war taken by France and her allies from Austria, and by Austria from France and her allies, that have not yet been released, shall be given up within fourteen days after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty.
XIV. His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the League of the Rhine, guarantees the inviolability of the possession of His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, in the state which they shall be, in consequence of the present treaty.
XV. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, recognizes all the alterations which have taken place, or may subsequently take place, in Spain, Portugal and Italy.
XVI. His Majesty, the Emperor of Austria, desirous to co-operate in the restoration of a maritime peace, accedes to the prohibitory system with respect to England, adopted by France and Russia during the present war. His Imperial Majesty shall break off all intercourse with Great Britain, and, with respect to the English government, place himself in the situation he stood in previous to the present war.
XVII. His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, shall observe with respect to each other, the same ceremonial in regard to rank and other points of etiquette as before the present war.
XVIII. The ratification of the present treaty shall be exchanged within six days, or sooner if possible.
Done and signed at Vienna, Oct. 14, 1809. (Signed)
J. B. Nompere de Champagny. John, Prince of Lichtenstein.
We have ratified, and hereby ratify the above treaty, in all and every of the articles therein contained; declare the same to be adopted, confirmed, and established, and engage that the same shall be maintained inviolable.
In confirmation whereof we have hereto affixed our signature, with our hand, being countersigned and sealed with our imperial seal.
Given at our imperial camp at Schoenbrunn, Oct. 15, 1809.
(Signed) "NAPOLEON." By the Emperor, Champagny, Minister for Foreign Affairs. H. B. Maret, Minister Secretary of State. Certified by us, the Arch. Chan. of State. Eugene Napoleon.
perour of the French, King of Italy, the county of Goritz, the manor of Mentersalcome, the government and city of Trieste, Carniola, with its dependencies on the gulf of Trieste, the circle of Willach in Gariutha, and all the territories lying on the right bank of the Saave from the point where the river leaves Carolina along its course where it touches the frontiers of Bosnia; namely, a part of Provincial Grotia, six districts of Military Grotia, Fiume, and the Hungarian Littorale, Austrian Istria, or the district of Cattaro, the islands depending on the ceded territories, howsoever named, upon the right bank of the Saave—the middle stream of the river serving as the boundary between the two states.
Lastly, the Lordships of Radzuns lying in the Craunbunderland.
3. He cedes and makes over to His Majesty the King of Saxony the territory of Bohemia, depending upon and included in the territory of the kingdom of Saxony; namely, the parishes and villages of Guntersdorff, Tauhantrunke, Gerlochsheim, Lendersdorff, Schirgiswuld, Winkle, &c.
4. He cedes and makes over to the king of Saxony, to be united to the duchy of Warsaw the whole of Western or New Galicia, a district round Cracow, on the right bank of the Vistula, to be hereafter ascertained, and the circle of Zamose, in Eastern Galicia.
The district round Cracow, upon the right bank of the Vistula, shall, in the direction of Podgorze, have for its circumference the distance from Podgorze to Wieliczka. The line of demarcation shall pass through Wieliczka, and to the westward touch upon Seawina, and to the eastward upon the Beck, which falls into the Vistula at Bradegy.
Wieliczka and the whole of the territory of the Salt-pits shall belong in common to the Emperor of Austria and the King of Saxony, Justice shall be administered therein in the name of the Municipal Power; there shall be quartered there only troops necessary for the support of the Police, and they shall consist of equal numbers of those of both nations. The Austrian salt from Wieliczka, in its conveyance over the Vistula, and through the Duchy of Warsaw, shall not be subject to any toll, duties, Corn of all kinds, raised in Austrian Galicia, may also be freely exported across the Vistula.
His Majesty the Emperor of Austria and His Majesty the King of Saxony, may form such an arrangement with regard to these boundaries as that the San, from the point where it touches upon the circle of Zamose, to its confluence with the Vistula, shall serve as the line of demarcation between both states.
5. He cedes and makes over to His Majesty the Emperor of Russia, in the easternmost part of Galicia, a tract of territory containing a population of 400,000 souls, the city of Podolia being nevertheless not therein included. This territory shall be amicably ascertained by commissioners on the part of both Emperors.
IV. Teutonic Order having been abolished in the states of the League of the Rhine, His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, in the name of His Imperial Highness the Archduke Anthony, abdicates the grand mastership of that order in his states, and recognises the dispositions taken with regard to the property of the order, locally situated out of the Austrian territory. Pensions shall be assigned to those who have been on the civil establishment of the order.
V. The debts funded upon the territory of the ceded provinces, or accruing from expenses incurred for their administration, shall alone follow the fate of those provinces.
VI. The provinces which are to be restored to His Majesty the Emperor of Austria shall be administered for his behoof by the Austrian constituted authorities, from the day of exchanging the ratifications of the present treaty; and the Imperial domains, wherever situated, from the first of November next. It is nevertheless understood, that the French army in this country shall take for their use whatever articles cannot be supplied by their magazines for the subsistence of the troops and the wants of the hospitals; and also whatever shall be necessary for the conveyance of their sick, and the evacuation of their magazines.
An arrangement shall be made between the high contracting parties respecting all war contributions, of whatever denomination, previously imposed on the Austrian provinces occupied by the French and allied troops; in consequence of which arrangement the levying of the said contributions shall cease from the day of the exchange of the ratifications.
VII. His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, engages to give no obstruction to the importation or exportation of merchandise into and from Austria, by way of the port of Fiume; this, nevertheless, not being construed to include English goods or manufactures. The transit duties on the goods thus imported or exported, shall be lower than upon those of all other nations, the kingdom of Italy excepted.
An inquiry shall be instituted to ascertain whether any advantage can be allowed to the Austrian trade in the other ports ceded by this Treaty.
VIII. The titles of domains, archives, plans and maps of the countries, towns and fortresses ceded, shall be given up within two months after the period of the ratification.
IX. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, engages to discharge the yearly interest, arrears and capitals, invested in securities of the government, state, bank, lottery or other publick establishments, by subjects, companies, or corporate bodies in France, the Kingdom of Italy, and the grand duchy of Berg.
Measures shall also be taken, to complete
A fleet of ships, only sufficient to maintain a superiority over the English, would enable the infant Hercules to strangle all the serpents that environ his cradle. It is impossible to express in too strong terms, the importance of a few ships of the line to the Americans. Two or three French, or Dutch, or Spanish ships of the line, stationed at Rhode-Island, Boston, Delaware River, or Chesapeake Bay, would have prevented the dreadful sacrifice at Bunker's Hill. Three or four ships of the line would have prevented the whole expedition against Charleston. Three or four ships of the line added to the squadron of the pleasant-valley de Ternay, would have enabled the Americans to have taken New-York.
I have the honour to be, JOHN ADAMS.
Mr. Kalhoun.
Foreign.
Treaty of Peace.
Napoleon, by the Grace of God, and the Constitution of the Empire, Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the League of the Rhine, &c.
Having seen and considered the Treaty concluded, determined, and signed at Vienna on the 14th this month, by the Sieur Nompere de Champagny, our minister for foreign affairs in virtue of the full powers to that end given him by us, and the Prince John of Lichtenstein, Marshall of the armies of His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, equally provided with full powers, which treaty is of the following tenor:—
His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the League of the Rhine, Mediator of Switzerland, and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, being animated with the desire of putting an end to the war which has arisen between them, have resolved to negotiate forthwith a Definitive Treaty of Peace, and for that purpose have appointed their Plenipotentiaries, namely:
His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the Rhine, the Sieur Jean Baptiste Nompere, Count de Champagny, Duke of Cadore, Grand Eagle Bearer of the Legion of Honour, Commander of the Order of the Iron Crown, Knight of the Order of St. Andrew of Russia, Grand Dignitary of that of the two Sicilies, Grand Cross of the Orders of the Black and Red Eagles of Prussia, of the Order of St. Joseph of Wurtemberg, of the Order of Fidelity of Baden, of the Order of Hesse Darmstadt, His said Majesty's Minister of Foreign Affairs; and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, the Sieur Prince John of Lichtenstein, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece, Grand Cross of the Order of Maria Theresa, Chamberlain, Marshall of the armies of His said Majesty the Emperor of Austria, and proprietary Commander of a Regiment of Horse in its service.
Who, having previously exchanged their full powers, have agreed upon the following articles—
ART. I. There shall, from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present Treaty, be peace and friendship between His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the League of the Rhine, and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, their heirs and successors, their states and subjects respectively forever.
II. The present peace is also declared to be common to His Majesty the King of Spain, His Majesty the King of Holland, His Majesty the King of Naples, His Majesty the King of Bavaria, His Majesty the King of Wirtemberg, His Majesty the King of Saxony, and His Majesty the King of Westphalia, his most eminent Highness the Prince Primate, their Royal Highnesses the Grand Duke of Baden, the Grand Duke of Berg, the Grand Duke of Wurttemberg, and all the Princes and Members of the League of the Rhine, the Allies, in the present war, of His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy Protector of the League of the Rhine.
III. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, cedes as well for himself, his heirs and successors, as for the Princes of his house their heirs and respective successors, the principalities, lordships, domains and territories, herein after mentioned, and also all titles which may accrue from the possession of the same: and all properties whether manorial or held by them under a special title, lying within the said territories.
I. He cedes and transfers to His Majesty the Emperor of the French, to form a part of the League of the Rhine, and to be placed at his disposition for the interest of the Sovereigns of the League,—
The territories of Salzburg and Berchthold-gaden; that part of Upper Austria situated on the further side of a line running from the Danube, at the village of Straas therein comprehending Weissenkirchen, Wendersdorff, Michelbach, Greist, Mackenbosen, Helst and Bedina; thence in the direction of Schwanstadt, the town of Schwanstadt on the Alps, and thence ascending along the bank of that river, and the lake of the same name, to the point where the lake touches upon the territory of Salzburg.
That part of the territory of the Emperor of Austria which lies in property the woods belonging to the town of Satz Cammer Go, and forming part of the manor of Monsees, with liberty to cut and burn the brushwood, but without enjoying any right of sovereignty upon that territory. He also cedes to His Majesty the Em-

A Message from the President was read by the Speaker, covering two printed papers, called for by the House, viz. The letter purporting to be a letter from Francis James Jackson to the British Consul in the United States, and the despatch from Mr. Canning to Mr. Erskine of the 23d Jan. 1809. The first was read by the Speaker from the Independent American of the 21st of Nov. last. The other was read from a slip of a newspaper, supposed to have been cut from a foreign paper, perhaps printed in London. On motion of Mr. Quincy, the Message and documents were ordered to be printed. The House then adjourned until Monday next.
RUPTURE WITH MR. JACKSON. On motion of Mr. Rhea, the House resolved itself into a committee of the whole, 61 to 48. Mr. Barton in the Chair, on the resolution from the Senate expressive of the approbation of the conduct of the Executive in refusing to hold any further communication with Mr. Jackson.
Mr. Rhea, moved that the committee rise and report their agreement to the resolution. Mr. Gold moved that the committee rise and report progress. The reasons assigned in favour of the latter motion by Messrs. Gold, Gardner, Pakin and Wheaton, were, that in so important a case the House should proceed with deliberation, and not without all the information on it that it was practicable to obtain; that the House with that view had called upon the President for certain information which had not yet been communicated; and that it would be improper to proceed in the consideration of the subject till it was received.
Messrs. Newton and Bacon supported the motion with a hope of avoiding, by waiting for the information, all collateral discussion or evasion of the question on the resolution from the Senate, and from a desire of obtaining a direct decision on its merits. Mr. Rhea opposed the motion on the ground that the House had already too long delayed the discussion of the great concerns of the nation.
At this stage of the debate, a Message was received from the President of the United States by Mr. Graham—communicating the "extracts from the Correspondence of Mr. Pinkney," with Mr. Canning, agreeable to a resolution of the House on the 13th. The committee immediately rose, reported progress and obtained leave to sit again.
After the Message and documents were read, they were ordered to be printed. Mr. Smilie observed that the objection to discussion was now removed, and moved that the House again resolve itself into a committee of the whole—motion negatived, 57 to 40. And the House adjourned.
TUESDAY, DEC. 19. FOREIGN RELATIONS. Mr. Macon, from the committee on so much of the Message of the President of the United States as relates to our Foreign Relations, reported a bill respecting the commercial intercourse between the United States and Great Britain and France; and for other purposes.
The 1st section prohibits all publick vessels belonging to G. Britain or France from entering the harbours of the U. States, subject to certain special exceptions.
The 2d section prescribes the punishment of those who shall aid the infraction of this provision. The 3d section prohibits all vessels sailing under the flag of Great Britain or France, or owned, in whole or in part by any citizen of either, from entering the harbours of the U. States.
The 4th section prohibits the importation into the U. States of goods from G. Britain or Ireland, and France, and their colonies; or of goods from any foreign port which are the growth, produce or manufacture of G. Britain or France; unless in vessels owned wholly by citizens of the United States.
The above provisions to take immediate effect.
The 5th section prohibits after the 1st of April next, the importation of goods from G. Britain and France, and their colonies unless imported directly therefrom.
The 6th, 7th and 8th sections affix penalties to the infraction of these provisions.
The 9th section authorizes the President in case either France or Great Britain shall so revoke or modify her edicts, as that they shall cease to violate the neutral commerce of the U. States to declare the same by proclamation, after which the prohibitions of this act on the commerce of the nation so doing shall cease.
The 11th section repeals the act to amend and continue in force certain parts of the act entitled an act to interdict the commercial intercourse between the United States and Great Britain and France and their dependencies, and for other purposes.
The 12th section limits this act to the end of the next session of Congress.]
The bill was read a third time, referred to a committee of the whole, and made the order of the day for Friday next.
Mr. Macon, from the committee appointed to prepare and report rules and orders for the government of the House, reported the same. Referred to a committee of the whole House, to which was referred Mr. Bacon's motion on the subject of order.
Mr. Newton from the committee of commerce and manufactures, reported a bill to deprive in certain cases vessels of their American character, and to prevent, under certain disabilities, any citizen of the U. States, taking a license to navigate the ocean or trade with any foreign or independent power.—Twice read and committed to a committee of the whole.
RUPTURE WITH MR. JACKSON. On motion of Mr. Rhea, (T.) the House resolved itself into a committee of the whole, Mr. Bassett in the Chair, on the joint resolution from the Senate, approving the conduct of the Executive in refusing to hold any further communication with Mr. Jackson, the British Minister.
Mr. Rhea, (T.) spoke a short time in favour of the resolution.
Mr. Potter spoke half an hour against it; and Mr. Dana occupied about an hour and an half on the same side of the question.
When, on motion of Mr. Whitman, the committee rose, reported progress, and obtained leave to sit again.
NEWPORT:
WEDNESDAY, DEC. 27, 1809.
• • A few copies ( Complete ,) of the Documents accompanying the President's Message to Congress, comprising 80 pages octavo, may be had at the Post-office, at the bookstore of Messrs. Wanton & Rathbone, and at this office—price 20 cents.
The Grand Jury of New-Castle county, (Del.) have presented James A. Bayard and Nicholas Van Dyke, Esquires, for neglecting to attend their duty in Congress.
The United States Frigate John Adams, sailed from New-York on the 15th inst. for England and Holland, with despatches in the care of Capt. Fenwick, of the United States Marine corps; she has on board 160,000 dollars in specie, being 6 months interest on the Dutch loan to the United States.
"From the annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury upon the finances, laid before Congress on the 8th inst. it appears that the amount of duties, after deducting the expenses of collection, was,
  In 1807, $ 26,126,648   Debentures deducted, 10,067,191   Dolls. 16,059,457   In 1808. Total amount, 10,581,559   Debentures (on account of the embargo) only 249,396   10,332,163   Amount in the three first quarters of 1809—about 10,000,000   Debentures in consequence of re-exportations, principally of colonial produce—about 3,500,000   6,500,000 
The disbursements for the present year are calculated to exceed the receipts about one million three hundred thousand dollars, and for the coming year about three millions. The Secretary recommends a loan of four millions.
He also states that the present provisions of the non-intercourse law are totally insufficient, and recommends for consideration "the alternative" of reinstating the embargo and all its supplements, or the removal of all legal restrictions upon commerce.
The federal papers generally have taken decided ground against the present administration, and denounce it for its dismissal of Jackson. As honourable exceptions however of this anti-American conduct, we name Reiff's Philadelphia Gazette, Jackson's Political Register, of the same place, and the Norfolk Herald (decided federal papers) which have the magnanimity and independence to support our own government in preference to a foreign one. As for the Evening Post, Repository &c. they labour as hard to throw the blame on our government as if they expected as a reward for their infamy, to be created Dukes, Lords, &c. of the British realm.—Will the people never open their eyes to clearly distinguish that "British party in America," which has trampled under feet our laws, seriously threatens the overthrow of our government and the annihilation of liberty in the Western world! [Newark Cent]
THE MODERN JACOBINS, who chose to call themselves Federalists have taken the ground we predicted—they have left their ambush and martialed themselves under the standard of Jackson. They now show their partialities and speak their feelings. They have for eight years been uniform in one thing, and we may add in one thing only—their opposition to our government whenever it has not yielded to the views of England. This is, and while they act themselves will continue to be the character of the leaders of the party, falsely called federal . With the character completely developed as it now is—whether called federalists —the opposition , a British faction , Jacobins , or Jacksonites , they cannot draw in their train the honest independent people of America. We perceive with a mixture of shame and indignation the disgraceful language held up by the papers devoted to their interest on the subject of Mr. Jackson's embassy—an embassy designed like that of Mr. Rose's to begin by an insult on the government, and to end in a division of the people. We have been told of the friendly intentions of England, of the pacific character of her minister, and shall now hear the unceasing din of our ruler's hostility to England and their subservience to France.—The remonstrances, petitions, and resolves, which composed the "patriot proceedings" of last winter's legislature of federalists, will be the text book for this winter's Jacksonites—Jackson's persevering impudence will take the place of Col. Pickering's perverse prejudice, and if they can persuade the good people of New-England to make a merit of sinning against light they may again succeed. But we err extremely, if we do not hear the dying groans of this exotick faction in their loud and reiterated complaints of a want of union among themselves.—"A house divided against itself cannot stand." [Boston Patriot.]
MARRIED. In this town, on Sunday evening last, by the Rev'd. Mr. Ward, Mr. Thomas H. Mumford, merchant, to Miss Phebe Pratt, only daughter of Mr. Joseph Pratt, all of this place.
DROWNED. On the 20th November last, on his passage from Liverpool, Mr. Thomas Speare, son of Mr. Pierce Speare, in the 24th year of his age. He has left a wife and two small children to lament his loss.
MARINE LIST.
PORT OF NEWPORT.
Entered—Brig Fame, Burroughs, Charleston; Sloop Golden Age, Cottrell, New-York; schooner Regulatory, Inchee, Alexandria; Ship Roxana, Skilings, Batavia.
Cleared—Sch. William, Turner, Naples; sloop Rynox, Randell, Plymouth; do. Friendship, Spencer, Richmond; do. Fame, Walden, New-York; do. Aurora, Cahoon, do.; do. Fame, Davis, do.; do. Wm. Ann, Lewis, Edenton.
Monday Dec. 25.—Arrived the ship Roxana, Skilings, from Batavia. The ship Atalapha, Stergis, passed the Straits of Sunda, Aug. 5, for China; Mandarine, of Boston, passed the Straits in September. The Trident, of New-York, Sidney of Baltimore, Chinese, of New-York, Canton, of do. and Thalia, of Boston, passed the Straits, all bound to China, dates unknown.
A BARGAIN.
FOR SALE —Six eighths of the well known Sloop FAME, burthen 83 tons, in complete order as a Packet plying between Newport and New-York. Her properties (always having a preference) are too well known to need a further description; and will be sold—close a concern. If not disposed of before the 10th of January, 1810, she will then be sold to the highest bidder, at Publick Auction. For further particulars, apply to S. CAHOONE and JOHN EARL, jun. agents for the proprietors. Dec. 27.
Patent Spring Stirrups.
DOMETT & FAIRBANKS, Saddlers, No. 14, Mariendor Street, Boston , have received by the Ship Ceres , from Liverpool , a fashionable assortment of SADDLERY, and HARNESS Furniture, viz.
Patent Spring Stirrups; swivel, cradle-bottom, loop'd, fancy, and mounted do.; Military Bits, in sets, with fancy Bridle Ornaments, and Brisket Plates, to match; Duke and Portsmouth Bits; Duke, hunting, and guarded snaffles; Curb Chains, and Bradoons; full plated and tipt coach and gig Hames; elegant coach Bits, new patterns with large Curb Chains to match; plated roller Bridle Buckles and slides to match; Martingale Hooks; polished steel, and tined roller Buckles, of a superior quality; patent trunk Locks; common do.; elegant chain and fancy plated Spurs; trimming Shears; Horse Pickers; Currycombs and Brushes; nurse fish Skins; Saddlers' Sarge and bridle Silk; roller, fancy, and spring Girth Webs; spring Saddle Trees; a few doz. prime Red Roan Skins.
Constantly for sale, Coach and Chaise Harness; a general assortment of Whips, Saddles, shafted and plain; horse Rugs; Buffalo and Bear Skins, suitable for Sleighs. Likewise—From Philadelphia , Skirting and Bridle Leather, whole hides and sides, suitable for Tops and Bobs of Chaise, some extra large. All of which will be sold on liberal terms, for cash or credit Boston, Dec. 16.
Henry Y. Cranston & Co.
HAVE FOR SALE ON VERY ACCOMMODATING TERMS, In their Auction and Commission Store, NO. 94, THAMES-STREET, 36 Bales Cotton, 10 Pipes Barcelona Brandy, 10 Hhds. W. I. Rum, 25 Casks Campoy Tea, 50 Casks Fresh Raisins, 50 Kegs Ginger, 23 Boxes Chocolate, 20 Kegs Tobacco, 25 Boxes Soap, 10 Bbls. Pimento, 20 Bags Coffee, 5000 wt. Loaf Sugar. Newport, Dec. 27.
NOTICE.
SAMUEL STERNE , having taken into Partnership his son JOHN , at Store No. 13 Bunnister's Wharf , the business at said Store, will in future be transacted under the firm of John Sterne & Co.
WHO OFFER FOR SALE, A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF GROCERIES, CONSISTING OF Rum, Gin, Brandy, Hyson Skin, Souchong and Bohea, Teas; Coffee, Loaf and Brown Sugars; Mess and Prime Beef and Pork; Mattresses, Cheese, and Codfish; a few Kegs fresh Raisins, &c. &c. Also—a constant supply of best and common Stone LIME, by the Cask. December 27.
JOSEPH BRIGGS,
No. 63, Thames-street , HAS for sale—100 bbls. Prime Pork, warranted; Gin, per pipe. Also—An assortment of GROCERIES. N. B. He transacts Commission Business. Those who are disposed to favour him in this line, may depend on his exertions in their behalf. STORAGE for goods may be had by applying as above. July 26.
FANCY GOODS.
WILLIAM S. NICHOLS has just received in addition, to his former stock, a variety of the most fashionable FANCY GOODS, which from price and quality cannot fail to suit purchasers. Newport, Nov. 22, 1809.
NOTICE.
THE Subscribers, Executors of the last Will and Testament of CALEB CHAPPELL , late of SouthKingstown , deceased, hereby give Notice, that they have accepted of the trust.—All persons who are indebted to said Estate, are requested to make payment without delay; and those who have claims against said Estate, to exhibit them as soon as may be. HOLLEY CHAPPELL, FRANCIS CHAPPELL. SouthKingstown, Dec. 18, 1809.
APPRENTICE WANTED.
WANTED an Apprentice, to the Baking-business. A smart active Lad about 12 or 13 years of age, who can produce good recommendation, may hear of a situation by applying at the office of the Rhode-Island Republican . N. B. One from the country would be preferred. May 10.
Point Judith Light House.
THE Lantern in said Light House will be lighted for the first time, on SUNDAY next. It is furnished with an Eclipsed. The light will be eclipsed in every two and an half minutes, and the duration of the eclipse will be about 20 seconds. Vessels coming from the westward, and near the Nars set shore, will observe that the Light will not be totally eclipsed. The distance from the Light to High water mark is as follows—E. from the Light House to High water mark 16 rods; S. E. by S. 18 rods; S. S. W. 23 rods, which is an part of the Point. A good birth should stand the Point. WILLIAM ELLER, Sept. Light. Newport, (Rhode-Island) Dec. 21st, 1809.
Printers in the sea-port towns in the nation are requested to publish the above Advertisement in their newspapers. of
NOTICE.
THE publick are hereby informed that on the first of December, a SCHOOL will be opened in the CHURCH SCHOOL-HOUSE . For terms apply to JOHN RODMAN , No. 63, Spring-Street . Newport, Nov. 29, 1809.
DR. ROBERTSON'S
GENUINE Patent and Family Medicines. Celebrated for the cure of most Diseases to which the Human Body is liable, Prepared only by the sole proprietor, T. W. DYOTT, M. D. Grandson of the late Dr. ROBERTSON , of Edinburgh —to be had wholesale and retail at the Proprietor's MEDICAL DISPENSARY , No. 116, North Second street, second door above Race-street, Philadelphia . Dr. ROBERTSON'S CELEBRATED
Stomachick Elixir of Health.
(Price one dollar and fifty cents.) Which has proved by thousands who have experienced its beneficial effects, to be the most valuable medicine ever offered to the publick, for speedily relieving and curing the cramp, pains and wind in the stomach, and carrying off superfluous bile removing habitual costiveness, sickness at the stomach, severe head ache, &c. &c. For the dysentery or lax, cholera morbus, seven gripings and other diseases of the bowels, and the summer bowel complaint in children, it has proved a certain remedy and restored to perfect health from the greatest debility. Persons afflicted with pulmonary complaints or disorders of the breast and lungs, even if in the most advanced state, will find immediate relief. Common coughs and colds, which are generally occasioned by obstructed perspiration, will be found to yield to its benign influence in a few hours. In rheumatick or consumptive complaints, hoarseness, wheezings, shortness of breath and the whooping cough, it will give immediate relief.
Dr. ROBERTSON'S
VEGETABLE NERVOUS CORDIAL, OR NATURE'S GRAND RESTORATIVE. (Price one dollar and fifty cents.) It is confidently recommended, as the most efficacious Medicine, for the speedy relief and cure of all nervous complaints, impurities of the blood, seminal weakness and various complaints, resulting from dissipate pleasures, residence in warm climates, the immoderate use of tea, the unskillful or excessive use of mercury, and diseases peculiar to females at a certain period of life. Under the denomination of nervous disorders, in its full extent, are included several diseases of the most dangerous kind, and to various, that a person would hardly suffice to complete a description of them. It pervades with its benign influence the whole nervous system, writhing the heart with irresistible anguish, and exciting the most dread suggestions of horror and despair. To this dose on have thousands fallen a sacrifice in the direful tra-
ports of its rage. The most common symptoms at its commencement are, weakness, flatulence, palpitations, watchfulness, drowsiness after eating, timidity, flushes of heat and cold, numbness, cramp, giddiness, pains in the head, back and loins, hickup, difficulty of respiration and deglutition, anxiety, dry cough, &c. Since Dr. ROBERTSON'S first discovery of this invaluable medicine, upwards of Two Hundred Thousand persons have experienced its happy and salutary effects, many of whom had been reduced to the last stage, and had given up all hopes of recovering.
Dr. ROBERTSON'S
PATENT STOMACHICK WINE BITTERS. (Price one dollar.) These celebrated and well known Bitters are composed purely of vegetables of the most innocent yet specific virtues, and are particularly recommended for restoring weak constitutions, cleansing and strengthening the stomach and increasing the appetite; they expel worms in all ages, but from their simplicity and safety, are a most natural and effectual vermifuge when administered to children; they are gratefully warm and pungently aromatic; they are extremely serviceable in all seasons, but particularly so on the approach of warm weather, when bilious habits experience such a total loss of appetite; they are also a certain preventive against those complaints so common in the spring and fall seasons such as intermittent fevers and agues, long autumnal fevers, dysenteries, &c.
They possess moreover, the property peculiar to themselves, of qualifying and ameliorating those inflammatory pernicious qualities inherent in ardent spirits and so often fatal when taken upon an empty stomach, and convert them into a wholesome pleasant and invigorating stomachick. From their celebrity as an antidote against scurvy, they are particularly calculated for seafaring persons, to whose attention they are particularly recommended; they are a very pleasant Cordial and are recommended for the use of taverns as private houses.
Dr. ROBERTSON'S
CELEBRATED GOUT AND RHEUMATIC. (Price two Dollars.) A safe and effectual cure for the rheumatism, lumbago, stone and gravel, and weaknesses of the joints, sprains, &c. kinds of green wounds—the cramp, &c. face and body, stiffness of the neck, &c. Since the above invaluable medicine covered by Dr. Robertson , upwards of Three Thousand persons have experienced its effects, many of whom from it and
A fresh supply of the, is the just received and for sale at SAMUEL W. CORRESPONDENT Newport; unfortunately containing certificates ofody re-had gratis. United Take Notice that none are on signature of T. W. DYOTT, Esq. as a ble

Poetry.
(SELECTED.)
THE FLIGHT OF LOVE AND TIME.
ancient man, 'ycleped Time, And with journeying many a clime, And chanc'd to spy The sages, "thou futr'rer gay, wings, then teach, I pray, that Time may fly."
assent; and, hand in hand, like lightning o'er the land, was heard to cry, ye nymphs, who sportive tread ant lawn and mountain head, Love how Time may fly."
upid's force was quickly spent, line his arm the urchin lent, To hear him still on high, And see," he cried, "ye nymphs below, What haply ye one day must know, With Time how Love may fly."
THE MAID OF ISLA.
RISING o'er the heaving billows, Evening gales the ocean swell, Whilist with thee on grassy pillow, Solitude, I love to dwell; Lonely to the sea-breeze blowing, O! I chaunt my love-lorn strain; To the streamlet, sweetly flowing, Murmurs oft a lover's pain.
'Twas for her, the Maid of Isla, Time flew o'er me, wing'd with joy;— 'Twas for her the pleasing smile aye Beam'd with rapture in my eye. Not the tempest raving round me, Lightning's flash, or thunder's roll; Not the ocean's rage could wound me, Whilist her image fills my soul.
Farewell days of purest pleasure! Long your loss my heart shall mourn; Farewell hours of bliss, the measure, Bliss that never can return. Cheerless to the wild heath wandering, Cheerless to the wave-worn shore; On the past with sadness pondering, Hope's fair visions charm no more!
AMUSING MISCELLANY.
FROM THE ANTHOLOGY.
Original Letters, from an American Traveller in Europe, to his friends in this country.
LETTER TWENTY-FOURTH.
[Continued.]
Connected with their aqueducts were their baths. No people were more luxurious in this article, than the Romans. Possessing a country whose climate is peculiarly enervating in summer, and in which putrid diseases would undoubtedly be generated, without the greatest attention to cleanliness. The Romans, wise as they were noble, were peculiarly attentive to this part of their police, and this branch of domestic economy. Hence their aqueducts, or drains, were, and are still, the wonder of the world; and it has been often said, that Rome was more worthy of admiration, under the surface of the earth than above. Every rich man had his private bath; it was an article of the first importance. But in addition to these, many of the emperors built and furnished publick baths, which for magnificence and splendour, exceeded all the wonders of this astonishing city. I shall say nothing of any, but those of which there are yet some remains. These are Titus's, Diocletian's, and Caracalla's. Before I go into a description of the nature of them, I would observe, that they occupied each of them several acres of ground, that they often enclosed rotundas for statues, dancing rooms, theatres, and every convenience for publick amusement, for the gratification of the populace and nobility, when they retired from the business of the day. One of them was so extensive that two thousand persons could bathe in it at the same moment. I will defer any further remarks till another opportunity.
No person is better entitled, than you are to my unreserved attentions, for in addition to the claims you have, in common with others, you can exhibit them of a kind, almost peculiar to yourself. There has been scarcely an arrival from America, which has not brought us some new proof of your affectionate recollection. Believe me, my dear sister, these tender proofs of regard are not lost upon me. It is however of little importance, to which of you I address my letters, since I well know that as soon as they are opened, they become a species of common property. But I hope you had the prudence and tender regard for my reputation, to recollect, that these letters, written for the private eye of my friends, will do me little, if any credit in the opinion of strangers. They are too negligently written, often to dull, and always too full of common-place remarks to give a respectable view of either my talents or requisitions. To the partial eyes of my friends, these defects are of no moment, as they will not place affection in one scale, and nicely balance it against abilities and erudition.
Those who love me too well to judge with a critic's eye, and who feel an interest in whatever affects or interests me, I am very willing should see them, and no others.
Having landed you safely in my last letter, on this side of the Rubicon, we are not like Julius Cæsar about to wage war upon our country, but we shall certainly commence hostilities upon Roman antiquities. I shall begin by a very formidable example. Here is near the Rubicon, a column restored by a final of Rome, the Antiquity of which has been doubted, but the Abbe Richard, the most eloquent of travellers in Italy of all those whose works I have seen, says, that he does not see why its authority has been doubted. Upon it, is the following inscription in Latin, but which I shall translate enech of the ladies, though I wish to preserve the original.
Mandatore PR. COX. IM. Trib. Miles. Ty- to armate. Quisquis es, manipularisve legionum Legionum, hic sisto, arma de- ponas hunc amicum Rubiconem signa du- centem, comitate, Tfadueto. Si quis Thrasea ergo adversum precepta, ierit fec- it, hunc hostis SPQR. ac si contra patri- am decertasset, a sacris penetratibus, rose and Spatio.
By light and bisisto SVC. lion, and briefly thus rendered: can the command of the Roman people— works, and descriptions of men whatso- ever. His generals, or subordinate offi- cials, stop—lay down your arms— thou, as if, or to lead across it your
embodied troops. If any one shall, in violation of this command, proceed, he shall be adjudged an enemy; and if he shall bear arms against his country, his household gods shall be removed from their sacred retreats."
Such is the solemn denunciation now recorded on this pillar, and I agree with Abbe Richard in the belief of its authenticity, because it is well known, that in very early times an opinion has prevailed as to the existence of such a prohibition, and because it is certain that this was the boundary between Cisalpine Gaul and Italy, in the time of the Romans. It was therefore natural, that they should prohibit their troops and generals from entering in hostile array into the bosom of their country. Had Cæsar been a man, who could be diverted from his purpose by a solemn decree of the Senate, perhaps the liberties of Rome might have been preserved for ages.
[Letter 24th, to be continued.]
NEWPORT BANK.
NOTICE is hereby given, that on MONDAY, the first day of January next, the half-yearly dividend will be declared, and paid to such persons as the Books of the Bank will show to be Stockholders, on the 23d instant.
NOTICE
Is likewise given, that on WEDNESDAY, the 3d day of said January, a general Meeting of the Stockholders will take place at the STATE-HOUSE in Newport, at half past 2 o'clock, P. M. for the election of Directors, and transaction of the necessary business of said Bank.
By Order of the President and Directors, JOHN R. SHEARMAN, Cash'r. Newport, Dec. 13.
Rhode-Island Insurance Company.
THE Stockholders of the Rhode-Island Insurance Company, are hereby notified, that a general Meeting will be held at the STATE-HOUSE in Newport, on WEDNESDAY, the 3d day of January next, at half past 2 o'clock, P. M. for the election of Directors, and transaction of such other business as may be thought necessary. Newport, Dec. 13.
TAKE NOTICE.
WILLIAM PEARCE, Respectfully informs his friends, and the publick in general,
THAT he continues keeping a TAV-ERN at his house in the village of Wickford, town of North-Kington, next door to PHILIP TILLINGHAST, Esq. where the greatest attention will be paid to those who may please to favour him with their company, and may depend on having the smallest favour gratefully acknowledged. The house may be well known by its end fronting the street, and the sign of a Bunch of Grapes. Wickford, (R. I.) Oct. 25, 1809.
FINAL NOTICE.
THAT six months longer is allowed, from the 1st day of November, for all persons who have any claims against the Estate of WILLIAM R. THURSTON, late of Newport, Mariner, must be rendered in, properly attested, otherwise they will be barred.
DANIEL VAUGHN, Administrator. Charleston, (S. C.) Nov. 29, 1809.
10 Dollars Reward.
RAN away from the Subscriber, on Sunday evening last, an intended Apprentice to the Blacksmith's business, named JOHN JOHNSON, about 18 years of age, 5 feet 7 or 8 inches in height, light hair, has a down-cast look when spoken to, and a peculiar walk. Two of his teeth have been broken, occasioned by a hammer. He had on when he went away, a striped shirt, swansdown vest, black velvet pantaloons, and a short blue jacket; and carried with him, a considerable quantity of other clothing.
The above Reward, together with all reasonable charges, will be paid to any person who will return the said Apprentice, or secure him in any jail, and give information thereof, so that he may be brought back to his master.
N. B. All masters of vessels, and other persons are forbid harbouring or employing said Runaway on penalty of prosecution. GEORGE S. SWEET, Middletown, Dec. 19, 1809.
S. STACKHOUSE'S
(NEW INVENTED)
PATENT CHURN.
THIS Churn will work much easier than the common one; besides, it has the advantage of collecting the Butter in rolls; it may also be made to any size, so as to churn any quantity the possessor may wish; and it may be fixed in such a manner as to work either by hand, water, wind, or any other power. Good Cream has often been churned into the best Butter, by this excellent and simple machine, in eight or ten minutes, and deposited in neat rolls, producing an eighth of the whole more butter than in the common way.
The above Churn may be had of DATHEAN MONRO, in Portsmouth, or ROBERT & NICHOLAS LAWTON, No. 61 Spring-Street, Newport. August 2.
STOVE PIPES,
OF TIN, or sheet IRON, of any length or size, made by the Subscriber, at his Shop one door west of Messrs. J. MUNROE & Co's. Grocery Store.—Also, Tin Ware for sale as cheap as can be purchased in this state. The smallest favour gratefully acknowledged.
N. B. Cash given for old Pewter and Lead. NATHANIEL NASON. Newport, Nov. 1, 1809.
GLOVE-MAKING BUSINESS.
WANTED Immediately, two or three smart Girls to work at the Glove-Making Business. Inquire at the Office of the R. I. Republican. December 13.
FOR SALE,
A N elegant Mahogany BILLIARD TABLE, almost new, with all its apparatus. Enquire at this Office. Newport, Nov. 1.
REMOVAL.
THE Subscribers have removed their Auction and Commission Store to that very eligible stand 94, Thames-Street, directly opposite Messrs. WAXTON & RATHBONE'S Book-Store, a part of which was lately occupied by PAUL M. MUNFORD, Esq. as an Office, where they continue to transact Auction and Commission business. Those who may please to employ them may depend on a faithful and prompt attendance being given to their interest.
FOR SALE—on terms unusually good.
20 Chests Campoy Tea, 10 Pipes Country Gin, 20 Bags Coffee, 10 bbls. Pimento.
The above Goods, being separate consignments, will be sold at prices greatly reduced, in order to close the Sales.
N. B. Those indebted to the Subscribers, are requested to settle immediately.—All orders from distant customers will be duly attended to. HENRY Y. CRANSTON, & CO. Newport, Nov. 1, 1809.
The Progressive Company,
AT THEIR GRAINERY AND GROCERY STORE, No. 11, LONG-WHARF,
Have for Sale, Wholesale and Retail, at the lowest current prices,
A Constant supply of Rye and Indian Corn; do. do. Rye and Indian Meal, Flour, of the most approved brands. An extensive assortment of GROCERIES and LIQUORS—among which are— 10 hhds. 3d proof St. Croix and Antigua Rum, 20 pipes 4th proof Spanish Brandy; 20 quarter casks Sherry Wine; 20 boxes Raisins; 20 do. Chocolate; Hyson, Souchong, and Bohea Teas, by the chest or lesser quantity, &c. &c. 1600 bushels Exuma Salt, of a superior quality; 1500 do. Liverpool do. 500 do. Turks-Island do. 500 do. Bonavista do.
Also—a quantity of well seasoned mer. Boards Likewise—Just received, 5 pipes Gin; 5 hhds. old Jamaica Spirits; 26 chests Campoy Tea, of an excellent flavour; 1000 wt. Cheese; 200 Meal Bags; 8 crates and 2 hhds. Crockery Ware, &c. &c. Cash given for CORN and RYE.
N. B. Those persons who have in their possession Meal Bags belonging to the Company, will have the goodness to return them.
WILLIAM COGGESHALL, jun. Agent. Newport, Oct. 18.
WILLIAM ENGS & SON,
No. 170, Thames-Street.
HAVE just received their Fall supply of HARD-WARE GOODS,
which, together with their former stock, makes their Assortment unusually extensive, comprising all the articles generally found in a Hardware Store. They have for sale as usual, a large Assortment of Nails, best English, German and American Steel, sheet Lead, sheet Iron, Brass Kettles, &c. &c. Newport, December 6, 1809.
FARM.
FOR sale an excellent FARM, containing about 100 acres of good Land, situated on Jamestown, about 3 miles north of the Ferry—with 2 convenient Dwelling Houses and other necessary Out-Buildings, thereon standing. There is an excellent Spring of Water near the House, and the land is well watered. Said Farm contains a good Orchard, and well Fenced. Possession given previous to the 35th of March next. For further information apply to ELISHA TEW, Jamestown Dec. 7. on the Premises.
FOR SALE,
TWO Lots of Land, pleasantly situated at the head of Broad-street, adjoining each other, containing 250 feet front, and 70 feet rear, with a large two-story new building thereon fronting the head of Broad-street. The building has been occupied as a Coach-maker's shop, and is well calculated for a Dwelling-House, and with a small expense may be made a beautiful situation. On one of the Lots is a good well of water.—Also for Sale, Three good Chaises, with round and square tops, and one Gig, all with plated harnesses. Also, Two excellent Chaise Horses.—The above may be bought very cheap.—For terms apply to ISAAC STALL. Newport, Oct. 25, 1809.
FARM.
FOR SALE, by the subscriber, a valuable Farm, situated in the town of Portsmouth, adjoining that of SAMUEL ELAM, Esq. about 5 miles from Newport.—Said Farm contains about 70 acres of excellent Land; a Dwelling-House, Barn, and other suitable out Houses.
For terms and particulars, apply to HENRY TEW, on the premises. Newport, Aug. 23, 1809.
FARM—FOR SALE.
THE Subscriber will sell his Farm, in Middletown, on the most liberal terms—such as cannot fail giving satisfaction to any one who may be inclined to purchase. For further particulars, apply to the Subscriber, on the premises. CARDER HAZARD. Middletown, Nov. 28, 1809.
FOR SALE,
THAT pleasant situation South of the Brick-Market, about 60 feet on Thames-street, extends about 400 feet west, with a small Wharf, There are two large and very commodious Dwelling-Houses, one fronting on Thames-street, No. 177 and 179, with two convenient Shops in front; the other stands west, very well calculated for two families. JOSEPH ALLEN. Newport, September 13, 1809.
FOR SALE, OR TO LET.
THE House and Lot at the North part of Easton's point, lately occupied by the Rev. Mr. Bradley. Also—The Masts, Spars, Sails, Rigging, Stores, &c. suitable for a single decked Brig, of 110 or 115 tons, or a high or double decked Brig of 120 or 130 tons.—Apply to CONSTANT TABER. Newport, Sept. 13.
FOR SALE,
THE Ship EAGLE, burthen 203 Tons, two decks, as she has just returned from sea, and is now lying at Gyles's Wharf.—For further particulars and terms, apply to CHARLES GYLES. Newport, December 6.
DANIEL SHELDON,
RESPECTFULLY informs his friends, that he has on hand— A quantity of excellent cedar Clapboards, cedar Shingles, pine Shingles, Boards, Plank, Joist, &c. &c. Which he will sell cheap, at his stand on SHERBURNE'S Wharf. Nov. 15.
LOPEZ & DEXTER,
OFFER FOR SALE,
36 Puncheons St. Croix RUM; 11 Pipes 4th Proof Spanish BRANDY; 15 do. 1st do. Country GIN; 10 do. Madeira WINE; 24 Quarter Casks Lisbon do.; 75 Chests Souchong TEA; 8 do. Hyson Skin do.; 26,000 lbs. West-India COFFEE; 15 Bags PIMENTO; 74 Bales Upland COTTON; 100 Boxes Muscatel RAISINS; 55 Barrels N. Y. inspected Prime PORT; 60 Tons assorted Sweden's IRON; 700 Quintals CODFISH; 15 Boxes Window GLASS; 150 Reams Wrapping PAPER; 100 do. Writing do.; 3 Hogsheds LOAF SUGAR.
—ALSO—
The following Fresh Imported
DRY GOODS:—
5 Cases India Silks; 600 Pieces Blue Nankeen; 200 do. Yellow ditto; 250 do. White ditto; 3 Bales Superfine Broadcloths; Cases Cotton Sewings; do. Fancy Prints; 1 do. English Sewing Silks; 1 do. Men's and Women's Gloves; 2 do. Cotton Shirting; 1 do. Fancy Muslins; 1 do. Marseilles Vesting; 1 do. Cambric Muslins; 1 do. Bombazetts; 1 Bale Cassimeres; 1 Case Velvets; 100 Pieces Russia Diaper; 50 do. Red, Yellow and Brown Bandanoes.
Newport, August 16, 1809.
Elegant China, Glass Ware, &c. &c.
JUST RECEIVED,—And for Sale by
GEORGE W. MARTIN,
No. 2, CHURCH-STREET.
30 Casks, containing Dining-sets, 21 Boxes do. Tea-sets, 16 Tierces do. Glass-ware,
Of the new est fashions.
—ALSO— 2000 Bushels Liverpool SALT, 200 Small Kegs Good BUTTER, 100 doz. London PORTER. Nov. 22.
GODFREY WENWOOD,
HAS FOR SALE, On the most reasonable Terms,
A QUANTITY of Ship and Cabin Bread; Alexandria and New-York Flour of the first quality; Molasses by the gallon; coarse and blown Salt by the bushel; Ginger and Pearl-Ask by retail.—Also, Mystick Tyle by the dozen, and Philadelphia Bricks by the hundred; Hops by the pound; Malt by the bushel or smaller quantity; Wheat Bran by the bushel; Coal by the bushel.—Also, A quantity of Bricks and Tile, made of Pipe Clay, suitable for Ovens. Newport, Aug. 30, 1809.
William and Henry Moore,
OFFER FOR SALE,
AT THEIR STORE, No. 5, MARKET-SQUARE, For Cash, Country Produce, or approved Credit, at as low prices as can be purchased at any store in Newport—
30 boxes excellent brown SUGARS; 5 do. do. white do.; 20 bbls. do. do. do.; 2000 wt. excellent COFFEE; 10 chests Souchong TEAS; 5 do. Hyson do.; 5 do. Hyson do.; 10 casks GINGER; Bags of PEPPER; do. PIMENTO; 5 pipes Country GIN, of a superior quality; 5 hhds. 3d proof W. I. RUM; 15 do. N. E. do.;
IRONMONGERY, CUTLERY, and HARDWARE;
NAILS of all kinds; ANCHORS, of every size; Sundry articles in the Dry Goods Line; 4 bales COTTON. Also, at their Store, No. 100, THAMES-STREET.
A general and extensive assortment DRY GOODS, as cheap as can be found.
All the above articles will be sold at wholesale or retail.
N. B. All those persons who have long standing accounts, are desired to call and settle the same each of note.
CASH,
And the highest price given for good clean Flax-Seed, Tew-Cloth or Feathers. Wanted, 2000 bushels good clean Barley. Apply at No. 5, MARKET-SQUARE. Nov. 8.
Howland & Eddy,
OFFER FOR SALE, ON REASONABLE TERMS,
At their Store, No. 71 & 73, THAMES-STREET—
A General Assortment of Groceries, comprising every article in that line.
THEY HAVE ON HAND,
10 Hhds. Molasses, and 5000 Bunches Onions.
—LIBRARY—
Honey, by the bl. or less quantity, 10 Boxes real Spanish Cigars, A quantity of Cheese, suitable for family use.
They transact COMMISSION BUSINESS— Those who are pleased to favour them in this line, may depend on the utmost exertions. Newport, Dec. 20.