The Rhode-Island Republican (Newport, R.I.), 1809-07-19 00:00:00

NEWPORT, R. I.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED ON WEDNESDAYS BY WILLIAM SIMONS, No. 15, MILL-STREET.
TERMS.
The paper is printed once a week, at 2 dollars a year, one half in advance.
Advertisements conspicuously inserted, at the rate of 1 dollar and 50 cents a square, for three weeks—smaller one in the same proportion.
Printing, in all its variety, executed with accuracy and despatch. Orders respectfully solicited.
SCHEME OF THE SECOND CLASS OF Rhode-Island Coal Lottery.
  15,000 Tickets at 5 Dollars each, are 75,000 Dollars.   1 Prize of 15,000 is 15,000   2 Prizes of 2,500 are 5,000   2 do. - 1,000 - - - 2,000   4 do. - 500 - - - 2,000   50 do. - 100 - - - 5,000   60 do. - 50 - - - 3,000   4800 do. - 7 - - - 34,000   66,000 
Subject to no deduction, and not two Blanks to a Prize.
Capital Prizes determinable in the following manner:
The first drawn Blank on each day's drawing, except the days on which the Prizes of 500 dollars come out, shall be entitled to 100 dollars each, and the last drawn number on every day to 50 dollars. First blank on the 2d day, entitled to 500 dollars.
  Do. - 5th - do. - 500   Do. - 10th - do. - 1000   Do. - 13th - do. - 500   Do. - 15th - do. - 2,500   Do. - 18th - do. - 500   Do. - 20th - do. - 2,500   Do. - 25th - do. - 15,000   Do. - 28th - do. - 1000 
The two Prizes of 2,500 Dollars each will be drawn as follows: The first drawn blank on the 15th day of drawing, will have the first 500 Tickets from No. 4001 to 4,500 inclusive; and the first drawn blank on the 20th day, will be entitled to the second 500 from No. 10,501 to 11,000 inclusive; but should the first blanks on the 15th and 20th day's drawing, be either of the numbers from No. 4001 to No. 4,500 inclusive, and also from No. 10,501 to No. 11,000 inclusive, then in that case the first drawn blank succeeding (not one of those numbers) shall draw, and be entitled to the respective 500 Tickets.
Five hundred numbers will be considered one day's drawing, and the fortunate blanks determined accordingly. The drawing will commence in September next. Prizes less than 500 dollars will be paid in 30 days; of 500 and 1,000 in 60 days; and the highest Prize in 90 days after the drawing is completed, in current Bank Bills.
BENJAMIN B. MUMFORD } Managers JAMES PERRY } Boston, June 1, 1809.
TICKETS in the above Lottery, may be had of the Managers, of J. C. SHAW, and of L. ROUSMAN-ERE, at the office of the Newport Mercury. Newport, July 5, 1809.
JAMES MUMFORD, Sign of the Bee Hive, No. 88, Thames-Street,
HAS just opened a variety of GOODS—among which are—lace and dotted Muslins; Leno do.; white and coloured Cambricks; a complete assortment of corded and plaid Ginghams of the newest fashion; Gentleman's superfine Vest Patterns; Washington Stripes; Cotton Cassimeres; Cambricks Dimities; Calicoes, newest prints; best 9-8 London Prints; Silk Chambrays; variety of cotton Handkerchiefs; ladies' and gentlemen's silk and cotton Hose; black Bombazetts; black Crape; silk Gloves; silk Shawls; cotton do.; silk and cotton Suspenders; Durants, Calimancoes, Russels, Ratinet—and a great variety of other Goods, too numerous to mention in an advertisement. May 3. [3m.]
JOHN W. DAVIS,
Has just received and now opening at his Shoe-Store, No. 100, Thames-Street.
AN Elegant and well chosen assortment of ladies and gentlemen's SHOES, of the latest patterns, viz:—Ladies English kid Slippers and Ties, different patterns; do. do. spangled Sandals; Ladies French silk quilted Slips and Ties; Ladies, misses and children's black, blue, red, green, yellow, fig and tea coloured morocco Slips and Ties, with and without heels; men's and boy's morocco, and seal-skin Dancing Pumps; men's and boy's calf and seal-skin fine Shoes; Also, black, red, green and yellow morocco Skins, horse-skin, calf-skin and neats-leather Boot Legs, Boot Tops, Skins for binding, Boot Webbing, silk Cord—Likewise, A handsome assortment of HATS—He keeps constantly employed, a number of experienced workmen in his Manufactory, from which his Shoe-Store is constantly supplied with warranted Boots and Shoes of every description. Measures taken as usual for Boots and Shoes, and made at the shortest notice.
Also—a few pair, of low priced Morocco Slippers, at fifty cents a pair.
The smallest favors will meet with due attention, and be received with gratitude. All orders from town or country will meet with punctilious attendance.
Wanted, Two experienced workmen in the above business.—Also, A lad as an apprentice, 14 or 15 years of age. One from the country would be preferred. Newport, June 12, 1809.
New Store.
MARTIN FEARING and RICHARD FAIRMAN, having formed a connexion in the Fancy Dry Goods business, under the Firm of
FEARING & FAIRMAN,
Have taken the Store No. 134, Thames-street, formerly occupied by Messrs. Gardner & Dean, where they offer for Sale, a general and well-chosen assortment of India, English and French GOODS, on the most reasonable terms. Newport, June 7, 1809.
Benj. & Solomon G. Weaver, HATTERS,
TAKE this method to inform their friends and the publick in general, they have REMOVED from No. 90 to No. 91, nearly opposite their old stand, and directly opposite JAMES MUMFORD's dry goods store—where they have just received from New-York, an addition to their former stock, selected by themselves, which makes their assortment of MEN'S, YOUTH'S and CHILDREN'S HATS, as good as was ever offered from any store in Newport, all which they intend to sell as low as can be purchased in this town. Newport, April 19.
Clap & Nichols,
TAILORS, No. 67, CORNHILL, BOSTON, HAVE just received an assortment of the best Superfine CLOTHS AND CASSIMERES, consisting of
 7 pieces dark Navy blue, } Best Superfine  5 do. black, } English, French  5 do. bottle green, } and Dutch  3 do. olive, } BROADCLOTHS.  2 do. London smock, }  2 do. drabs, }  1 do. dark mixed, }  Also, Coatings and Devonshire Kerseys; Black, Blue, Scarlet, White, Fawn and Drab, } Superfine Milled and Single CASSIMERES.  Nankenees, Nankenees cotton Cassimeres; Jeans, white and coloured, for summer Pantaloons; Black silk Florentines; Plain and silk Velvets; White and figured Merselles and Nelson's Cord, for vestings; Webb's silk cotton and morocco gilt Suspenders; Gilt, plated and steel large and small fashionable coat Buttons; Artillery, Engineers, and Navy coat and vest Buttons, by the gross or dozen, warranted not to tarnish. 
The above articles are as good as can be found in Boston Market, and will be sold at a fair price.
N. B. Officers in the Army or Navy, can be furnished with Uniform of any description, of the latest modern style, and of the best materials.
Gentlemen of Newport who are in the habit of procuring their Cloths in Boston, are requested to call on CLAP & NICHOLS, where they will find cloths and fashions to suit their fancy. Boston, June 21, 1809.
Spring and Summer Goods.
NATHANIEL SWEET & CO. having recently returned from Boston with an assortment of elegant and seasonable Goods, flatter themselves, that with these, together with their former assortment, they cannot fail to please those who may do them the favour to call at No. 109, Thames-street.
N. B. Their goods being purchased on liberal terms, will be sold as low as at any store in Newport. May 24.
ABNER HATHAWAY,
BROAD-STREET, HAS for sale, many kinds of LUMBER, consisting of Timber, Joist, Boards, and Shingles; Cedar and Pine Clapboards. Also—white oak Plank and round Timber; with a good assortment of birch and maple Bedstead Joist.
Nails and Hollow Ware, of many kinds; cast iron Oven Frames and Doors, on an approved construction. Corn and Potatoes, by the bushel or larger quantity. Newport, April 18.
New Granary & Grocery Store.
No 11, Long wharf, WILL be kept constantly for sale CORN and MEAL, wholesale and retail.
Also—Flour, Salt, Molasses, Gin, Rum, Brandy, Sugars, various kinds, Coffee, and Teas, of different qualities.
The above Goods will be sold, wholesale and retail, for cash or approved credit.
Wanted to purchase—a quantity of Corn, for which Cash will be given.
MICHAEL FREEBORN. Agent for the Progressive Company.
Miscellany.
MR. ADAMS' CORRESPONDENCE CONTINUED.
To the Printers of the Boston Patriot.
SIRS, IN page 26, is a strain of flimsy rant, as silly as it is indecent. "The supplement to the declaration was a blameable excess." It waved the point of honour, which after two rejections of our ministers, required that the next mission, should proceed from France.
Where did he find this point of honour? If any such point had existed, it had its full force against the second mission: and its principal force consisted in the formal declaration of the directory, that it "never would receive another minister plenipotentiary without apologies for the president's speeches, and answers to addresses." If we had a right to wave this point of honour in one instance, we had in two, especially as one-member of the second mission, was the same man who had been rejected in the first. But after the explicit retraction of the declaration that they would not receive a minister without apologies, the point of honour was completely done away. To give them an opportunity of retracting that declaration, I declared in my message to Congress, that I would not send another minister to France, till this declaration was retracted by assurances that he should be received in character. They embraced the opportunity cordially when they might have avoided the humiliation by sending a minister here. And whatever Hamilton's opinion might be, I knew that they might have negotiated more to their advantage here than at Paris. Hamilton's fingers had not the tact, or tactility, if you like the word better, of the publick pulse.
In page 27, he argues the probability that France would have sent a minister here from the fact that she did afterwards "stifle her resentments, and invite the renewal of negotiation." I know not whether this is an example of Mr. Hamilton's "Analysis of Investigation" or not. It is an argument a Posteriori. These invitations were not known, nor made, when I pledged myself, by implication at least, to send a minister, when such invitations should be made. When they were made I considered my own honour and the honour of the government committed. And I have not a doubt that Hamilton thought so too: and that one of his principal vexations was that neither himself nor his privy counsellors could have influence enough with me to persuade or intimidate me to disgrace myself in the eyes of the people of America and the world, by violating my parole.
This he might think would assist him in his caucuses at New-York and Philadelphia, where the honour, not only of every member, but of every State and every elector was to be pledged, to give an equal vote for Pinckney and Adams, that the choice of President should be left to the House of Representatives, whose members on the day of election, or the day before, where to be furnished with this pamphlet, spick and spun, to make sure of the sacrifice of Adams. But more of this hereafter.
In the mean time what reasons had we to expect that the French government would send a minister here? Such an idea had been whispered in private conversation perhaps, by Dr. Logan and some others; but we had not a colour of official information to that effect, that I remember. What motives had the French to send a minister? They had committed depredations upon our commerce to the amount, it has been said, of twenty millions of dollars. Would the Directory have been animated with any great zeal to send an ambassador to offer us compensation for these spoliations at a time when they were driven to their wit's end to find revenues and resources to carry on the war in Europe, and break the confederations against them.
We had declared the treaty of alliance and all treaties between France and the United States, null and void. Do we suppose the French government would have been in haste to send an ambassador to offer us a solemn revocation, by treaty, of all former treaties? What urgent motive could the French have to be in haste to send a minister? They could not be apprehensive that we should send an army to Europe to conquer France, or assist her enemies. We had no naval power sufficient to combat their navy in Europe, which was then far from being reduced as it has been since. They had no commerce or mercantile navigation, upon which our little navy or privateers could have made reprisals.
There is but one motive that I can imagine should have stimulated them very much and that is, the apprehension that we might enter into an alliance offensive and defensive with Great Britain. This they might have considered as a serious affair to them in a course of time, though they might not fear any very immediate harm from it. But I doubt not the French had information from a thousand emissaries, and Talleyrand knew from personal observation in various parts of America, and Hamilton must have known, if he had any feelings of the popular pulse, that a vast majority of the people of America dreaded an alliance with Great Britain more than they did a war with France. It would have taken a long time, would have required
a long and bloody war with France, and a violent exasperation of the publick mind to have reconciled the people to any such measure. No, Hamilton and his associates could not have seriously believed that the French would soon send a minister here. If they had not, or if they had delayed it, Hamilton would have continued at the head of his army—continual provocations and irritations would have taken place between the two nations, till one or the other would have declared war. In the mean time it was my opinion then, and has been ever since, that the two parties in the United States would have broken out into a civil war; a majority of all the States to the southward of Hudson river, united with nearly half New-England, would have raised an army under Aaron Burr; a majority of New-England might have raised another under Hamilton—Burr would have beat Hamilton to peices, and what would have followed next, let the prophets foretell. But such would have been the result of Hamilton's "enterprizes of growth and moment." I say this would probably have been the course and result of things, had a majority of New-England continued to be attached to Hamilton, his men, and measures. But I am far from believing this. On the contrary, had not our envoys proceeded, had not the people expected a peace with France from that negotiation, New-England herself, at the elections of 1800, would have turned out Hamilton's whole party, and united with the southern and middle States in bringing in men who might have made peace on much less advantageous terms.
And now let the world judge who "consulted much"—who "pondered much"—who "resolved slowly"—and who "resolved surely." JOHN ADAMS. Quincy, June 5, 1809.
Copy of a Letter from Mr. Luman, American Consul in London, to the Hon. Stephen R. Bradley, Esq. a Senator in Congress, dated May 3, 1809.
"I take the opportunity, by the Pacific, one of our packets, to address a few lines to you at Washington, where, on the arrival of that vessel in the United States, I presume you will be, and learn both from publick and more private means of information, the important change which has lately taken place in the policy of this government, by the revocation of the orders of council. This event, although other orders are substituted therefor, of a nature so highly objectionable, is nevertheless considered by all our friends here, as vastly important; first and principally, as it furnishes an example and establishes the fact, that the U. S. can make the interests of this country feel, and that very sensibly; and secondly, as we have no participation in the revocation of the old and the substitution of the new orders, we are thereby pledged to nothing, and at full liberty to take advantage of occurrences as they arise and pass. You will say then, what has done all this? My reply is, the steady policy of our government, and the support of the people as evidenced in the late presidential and other elections.
"I do not consider the repeal of the embargo and substitution of the non-intercourse law, as a change of policy but only of measures; and it was so regarded here. Indeed, it is generally allowed that the non-intercourse would be more severely felt than the embargo, notwithstanding, you may be assured, that the latter, if continued, would have answered the most sanguine expectations. This country is wholly commercial, and suffers extremely by any obstructions to trade. Mr. Spence lately published a book entitled Great Britain independence of commerce, and lord Sheffield has always been endeavouring to prove her independence of our commerce; but facts prove that neither understand the question. Mr. Burke understood it better, who said that our commerce was the food which nourished this political body. The U. S. instead of being the dupes, which sometimes I fear we have been, of the policy and artifices of France and England, may make them subservient to our interest, aided by a little seasonable coercion. I hope you will pardon these few hasty suggestions, which, my present situation rendered so obvious. It is sometimes useful to know only the impressions which are made by the same objects in different situations."
YOUTH.
It has been often said, that the season of youth is the season of pleasure; but this can only be true in savage countries, where but little preparation is made for the perfection of human nature, and where the mind has but a very small part in the enjoyment. It is otherwise in those places where nature is carried to the highest pitch of refinement, in which this season of the greatest sensual delight is wisely made subservient to the succeeding, and more rational one of manhood. Youth, with us, is but a scene of preparation; a drama, upon the right conduct of which all future happiness is to depend. The youth who follows his appetites, too soon seizes the cup, before it has received its best ingredients; and, by anticipating his pleasures, robs the remaining parts of life of their share; so that his eagerness only produces a manhood of imbecility, and an age of pain. Goldsmith.

Political Miscellany.
For the REPUBLICAN.
POLITICAL REFLECTIONS.
No. IV.
THE wise policy of Jefferson and of the 10th Congress has triumphed. The Embargo and Non-intercourse laws have procured a repeal of the British orders in Council—orders, by which all the trade of the United States with the continent of Europe was compelled to pass through British ports, and there pay a heavy tribute or tax; and by which we should have been in fact reduced to the condition of British colonies. When we were colonies, we refused to be taxed by Britain; and now, by the firmness of our government and the resolution of the people, we have been again preserved from wearing this badge of slavery. The British government, who, in September last, declared their determination of adhering to these orders, until the French decrees were repealed; and who affected to despise the suspension of our trade with them, and to deprecate asking a renewal of it, least they should offer to yield to a measure of coercive hostility; now come forward and announce their intention of withdrawing the orders, "in the persuasion that the President would issue a proclamation for the renewal of the intercourse between the United States and Great-Britain." They now accept with eagerness, the proposition of our government, which they so intemperately rejected in September last. In fact, the proposal then made was much more favourable to Britain, than the arrangement now concluded. Our government then offered, not only to take off the embargo, so far as it related to Britain, if she would repeal her orders, but also to keep it on as to France until she repealed her decrees! But nothing of this sort is now stipulated on our part.
As to the Chesapeake attack, Britain has also abandoned the haughty ground she at first took, and now offers to make satisfaction, before the President's proclamation is repealed—before her ships of war are admitted again into our harbours. Whereas our Government offered to Mr. Rose, if he would tell what reparation he had to offer, its acceptance and repeal of the proclamation should bear date on the same day.
But though our differences with Britain are so far arranged—yet matters of as great importance still remain to be settled with her, in which our Administration will require the steady and united support of the people to enable them to adjust honourably. These are—1. The definition of how far Britain has a right to interrupt our neutral trade by declaring places in a state of blockade.
What is a blockade? When two or more nations go to war, those nations who do not choose to join in the war, remain neutral ; as when two neighbours go to law, others have nothing to do with it—they continue their intercourse with each as before—nor, can they be in any manner vexed or injured in consequence of the suit. So is it with nations. They are entitled, with the exceptions mentioned below, to navigate the ocean, and to trade with the powers at war, in the same way as if there was no war.
But neutrals have their duties , as well as their rights . To have the former respected, they must perform the latter, they must preserve their neutral character by an impartial line of conduct towards all the powers at war—and by not interfering in their hostilities. Therefore when a belligerent power is actually besieging or investing a place, by sea or land, with a view to hostile operations against it; that belligerent power has an unquestionable right to prohibit and prevent neutrals from entering and supplying the place with provisions. Because the neutral thus interferes directly to defeat the object of the investing power, and to enable his enemy to hold out against him. The only practical rule that can be adopted upon this head is, that no place shall be considered as in a state of blockade, unless it is actually invested, so as to make it dangerous to enter. It follows therefore that all paper blockades , without an actual investment of the blockaded port, are unlawful. All blockades of whole countries, and whole lines of coasts are also an unjust infringement upon neutral rights.—This therefore will form an important point in the ensuing negotiation—since it would be of no avail to us, to have the orders in Council repealed, if Britain can at any time blockade all France—all Holland—all Italy—all Spain &c. &c. As an instance of such blockades may be mentioned, that of May, 1806, of all the ports and places from Brest to the river Elbe, including all the ports of France upon the English channel, all the ports of Holland, and the ports of Germany upon the North sea. It did not however prevent a commerce of discharge, but only prohibited the going and trading from port to port; and though issued before the Berlin decree, was precisely like the Order of the 7th January, 1807, for which the Berlin decree afforded a pretext. In vain therefore would the Order of the 7th January, 1807, be repealed, if the British reserve to themselves the power of issuing orders, the same in nature and practical effect, though founded upon a different pretext. It is a maxim of law, that what cannot be done directly, shall not be done, indirectly and circuitously. The ocean is the common highway and property of nations; and as its free use cannot be directly prohibited, so neither can it be prevented by an abuse of the right of blockade. We must therefore have no new editions of the Orders in Council, in the
form of notices that "it is thought fit that Spain should no longer have any trade"—or any other, which the pretended Lords of the ocean may think fit to adopt.
Lords of the Ocean—sounds the trump of Fame, Re-echoing in the ear of British pride: But say, what monarch dares usurp the name Of him who rules the tempest and the tide!
The 2d important point of differences between Britain and the United States, is the principle set up by her, but no where to be found in the law of Nations, called the rule of the war of 1756 —from its first having been asserted by her against the Dutch and other neutrals, in that war. By this rule, she claims a right to capture and confiscate all neutral trade carried on in time of war, which was not open to neutrals in time of peace. According to its most rigid construction we should be deprived of all our trade to the colonies of Britain's enemies; but as it has been more generally applied to us, we are restricted to the importation for our own consumption, and are prohibited from re-exporting colonial produce to Europe—thus cutting off the greater part of our carrying trade. The rule of '56 has been at different periods during the last and present war applied to us with various degrees of severity according to the shifting policy of the government, or the changing rapacity of the navy. Between the year 1804, and the time when the Embargo was laid, a vast amount of American property was seized and condemned under it. It is not yet relinquished; so that even after the repeal of the Orders of Council we shall still be prohibited from carrying colonial produce to the continent of Europe.
The 3d, and by far the most interesting difference to our national sense of honour, and freedom, and dignity, is the dispute respecting the impressment of American seamen from on board our vessels on the high seas, aggravated as it is by the British proclamation of October, 1807. By that proclamation, our naturalisation laws are denied all validity! and though the British have a law, naturalising all foreigners who may have served two years, compulsively or voluntarily, on board their publick ships in time of war; yet the British king commands his officers to take from on board neutral vessels all persons born his subjects, however they may have been naturalised by our laws. Thousands of American native citizens have been impressed, and now serve on British ships of war, against nations with whom we are at peace. I forbear to enlarge on this serious matter, because it has been so ably and feelingly discussed by President Adams. Let those who insult the honourable age of this patriot and statesman, with degrading appellations answer his argument. The proof of the vigour of intellect is in the exercise of it. Let them enter the list with this old man , and see and feel, whether the ethereal fire is extinct in him, whether his mind is not illumined with the pure rays of reason and genius; and stored with the riches of knowledge; whether his heart is not still warmed with the love of truth, of his country, and his species. Every American, who desires to understand the rights of his country, and who wishes to see her wrongs redressed, should attend to the admonitions of this sage, who from his retirement labours to instruct the maturity of that nation, whose infancy he so ably defended against the cruel attacks of an unnatural step-mother. Our government having already offered to pass laws to exclude British seamen from our naval and merchant service, if they would relinquish the practise of impressment, every pretext for a continuance of it is taken away, and no man, who has any regard to the honour of his country, will say that the government ought to go further.
A FREEMAN.
For the REPUBLICAN.
THE RETROSPECT CONTINUED.
ON the 16th of October, 1807, the proclamation of the king of Great Britain was issued, recalling seamen, his subjects, and severely threatening those who should disobey the call. The commanders of his armed vessels were enjoined to search all neutral merchant vessels for seamen, and to take all those who were his subjects. Once a subject, always a subject , is one of the fundamental principles of the British code, that is, so far as regards those who are born subjects of the British King ; those born in other dominions, according to this same code, may expatriate themselves, and become subjects of Great Britain, by letters patent of the King, or as much subjects as though they had been natural born, by being naturalized , by act of parliament. Also a foreigner by serving on board a British man of war for a much less time than our laws require an alien to reside among us before he can be naturalized, is, ipso facto without taking any oaths of abjuration and allegiance, naturalized , and becomes a British subject. Thus, by this proclamation, all those who were British born, but had become naturalized in this country, and all those who were American born, but who had been impressed aboard a British man of war, and kept there for two years, or who had served on board voluntarily for that time, were to be impressed from our merchant vessels as subjects of the British King. This coupled with the Chesapeake attack which it soon followed, manifested that the song of " Rule Britannia " was now to be sung by the British ministry in full chorus. This proclamation, together with Timothy Pickering's treasonable defence of it, in his letter to a Senate of Massachusetts, has given rise to those admirable letters of Mr. Adams, upon the doctrine of impressment, which have been printed in most, if not all of the republican papers, and which entirely supercede the necessity of any further observations here upon this subject.
On the 11th November following, those orders of Council were issued, which with the act of parliament for carrying them into effect, aimed a mortal blow at our Commerce, and national independence. These orders were issued soon after the sailing of Mr. Rose, from England, and must have been known to him as he was in the secrets of the cabinet. As they must have been determined upon before he sailed, why were they not issued, so that we might have known them by the same conveyance which brought us the special envoy, which manifested the friendly disposition of his majesty towards us? The question answers itself. The orders of November would have been such a set-off against the friendly proposition of Mr. Rose, that the most stupid could not have been gulled by them. Besides, the sooner they were known, the less hope of plunder. These orders were not officially made known to our government, by the British government, until three months after they were issued! It has been said by the opposition that these orders had no hand in producing the Embargo; that they were not even previous to laying of the Embargo. Mr. Madison having lately redeemed his character in the eyes of these men, they will no doubt consider him as good authority. In his letter to Mr. Pinkney of February 19th, 1808, he says: "My last which was committed to the British packet, inclosed a copy of the act of embargo, and explained the policy of the measure. Among the considerations which enforced it was the probability of such decrees as were issued by the British government on the 11th November; the language of the British gazettes, with other indications, having left little doubt that such were meditated. The appearance of these decrees has had much effect in reconciling all descriptions among us to the embargo, and in fixing, in the friends of the measure, their attachment to its provident guardianship of our maritime interests."
I trust it sufficiently appears that the embargo was laid not out of any undue hostility to Great Britain, or partiality to France. No such partiality or hostility appeared on the face of it, both were alike included, and no exceptions were made in favour of either. But those who saw hostility to Great Britain and partiality to France in every other movement of the administration, saw it here also, and made use of it, upon the eve of a Presidential election, with the story of two millions tribute to France, and the declaration of Mr. Madison that "France wants money and must have it," to alarm the jealousy of the American people, and to induce them to elect those who were supported by men that openly advocated British outrage and injustice, and who made no scruple to avow their deadly abhorrence of every thing French.
To encourage a violation of our embargo, and thereby create more disaffection among our citizens, the British ministry on the 11th of April, 1808, issue another order of which Mr. Madison in his letter to Mr. Pinkney of July 18th, 1808, thus speaks: "Since the British order of _____ evidently inviting our citizens to violate the laws of their country, by patronizing on the high seas their vessels destitute of registers and other necessary papers, and therefore necessarily smugglers, if not pirates, the circular letter of Mr. Huskisson has made its appearance, in which the United States are named as alone within the purview of the order. A more extraordinary experiment is perhaps not to be found in the annals of modern transactions. It is levelled moreover against a nation towards which friendship is professed, as well as against a law, the justice and validity of which is not contested; and it sets the odious example, in the face of the world, directly in opposition to all the principles which the British government has been proclaiming to it. What becomes of the charge against the United States for receiving British subjects, who leave their own country contrary to their allegiance? What would be the charge against them, if they were, by proclamation, to invite British subjects, those too expressly and particularly prohibited from leaving their country, to elude the prohibition, or to tempt, by interested inducements, a smuggling violation or evasion of laws, on which Great Britain found so material a part of her national policy?"
With all this load of injury and insult heaped upon us, our ears were continually filled by our own traitors and Tories, with panegyrics upon G. Britain, and vociferations against our own government. Can any one doubt after all this who are under foreign influence? Is it not as plain as if "written by a sun-beam," that there is a party among us, the leaders of whom are the sworn friends of Britain, and the sworn enemies of American Independence and republican liberty? I am ready to make every allowance for the mistakes of ignorance and delusion, and for the prejudices of party; but these leaders cannot plead the first in their excuse, they are the deluders not the deluded; and although they may plead the latter, it is impossible, did they possess a spark of American feeling, of patriotism, but that it should have been, ere this, kindled into a flame that would have purified their bosoms.
The Tories of '76 had something to plead in excuse, though nothing in justification. Some of them might have screwed their consciences into a belief that passive obedience and non resistance was their duty. Many no doubt despaired of obtaining redress, much more independence, by force of arms, and therefore thought it more prudent to join the strongest party. Many perhaps considered that their oaths of allegiance were still
binding, and that they could not without the guilt of perjury break the chain which bound them to a tyrant. But what have the Tories of 1808 and '9 to offer in excuse? Our Independence is accomplished, and acknowledged by G. Britain; the oath of allegiance to the United States supplies the place of the oath of allegiance to the king; the scruples of conscience must weigh in favour of attachment to, and support of our constitution and country; these men therefore who have sought to betray their country in these times, who endeavoured to unhinge the rudder in the midst of the storm, to scuttle the ship and send her to the bottom, have nothing to plead in excuse but their own unparalleled baseness and depravity. This language is but mildness to their deserts, and although their diabolical efforts have not been crowned with success, it is not owing to any remorse of conscience which stopped them in their career, or any returning sense of duty that induced them to forbear, but to the good sense of the people, to a wise administration, and protecting providence. (To be Continued.)
Latest Foreign News.
[Conated (by the Editor of the Boston Centinel) from French, Portuguese, Spanish and English papers—by the last arrivals.]
The War in Portugal.
[FROM LISBON PAPERS.]
The British army in Portugal, with some Portuguese troops under Sir A. Wellesley, (who arrived at Lisbon the 23d April) marched the latter part of April, to attack the French (estimated at from 12,000 to 20,000) in the northern province of that kingdom.—Sir Arthur's was estimated at 7,000, of which several thousand were cavalry.—About the same time Gen. Beresford, who had been appointed by the Prince Regent of Portugal to the chief command of all his forces, with the rank of Marshal, sat out, with it was said, about 30,000 troops, chiefly Portuguese, on another route; in quest of the French, and to cover the Portuguese frontier next to Estremadura and Leon, in Spain.—Gen. Wellesley took the coast road. On the 2d May he reached Coimbra (about 50 miles from Oporto).—On the 9th he had advanced to the Vouga.—Generals Stewart and Murray commanded the divisions of infantry, and Gen. Cotton the cavalry.—On the 10th in the morning the first action took place between the English and French cavalry, in a plain between the two Alberarias; after a contest of half an hour, the French retreated to a wood; which was immediately attacked by the allies, (and which was also defended by some French infantry) and the French compelled to retreat to Alberarias. Here, where they made no stay but continued their route for the Douro. On this occasion the French sustained considerable loss, principally from the fire of the English horse-artillery, and two pieces directed by a Portuguese Lieutenant. Alberarias was immediately occupied by the allies; the Portuguese chasers first entering it. Harassed in the rear, by the English, the French rallied on the margin of a forest; and made a disposition to attack a Portuguese division, when Gen. Cotton, with his cavalry, at full gallop, assisted by the horse-artillery, again compelled them to a precipitate flight. They were pursued to Oliveira, where on the 11th May, Sir Arthur Wellesley had his H. Q. On the 13th he crossed the Douro, and after much hard fighting, compelled the French to evacuate Oporto. Marshall Beresford, took the road to Lamego, where he arrived the 11th May, and sent a Portuguese detachment across the Douro, to take post at Amarante, in the rear of the French.
Affairs in Spain.
LISBON, (Portugal) JUNE 1.
Gen. Romana has attacked the French at Mena, [in Galicia] drove them to Paradou, and afterwards to Lugo; and took from them three pieces of cannon. The Patriots followed the enemy to the gates, and surrounded the city; where it was expected he would be compelled to surrender. The apostate Masqueiro, who had so long been praising king Joseph, at Astorga, is now shut up at Lugo. P. S. We have just heard, that Lugo has fallen into our hands, having been taken by Marshall Nicola Maki, second in command of Romana's army. The resistance made by the French was obstinate; but they were defeated with the loss of 4000 killed, wounded and prisoners.
JUNE 2.
Letters from Elvas, [on the frontier next Estremadura] dated the 28th May, states, that Gen. Costa had advanced his H. Q. from Monasterio to Fuente del Maestre (about 18 miles.)
Affairs in Italy.
PORTUGAL. LISBON, JUNE 4, 1809.
TRANSLATIONS.
The following are particulars of a battle fought on the 16th April, between the French and Austrians, in Upper Italy.—
"In their retreat the French left the 35th regiment of the line, in Pordenone, under General Dufourmier, which was surrounded by a strong Austrian corps, and compelled to surrender.
"The Austrians met 35,000 of the French, commanded by the Viceroy of Italy, at Sacile, who had 80 pieces of artillery with him; and who was reinforced by 15,000 men from Italy, under Gen. Cervelloni, making the French total 50,000.—With 35,000 men, the Archduke John began the attack, and was twice repulsed, but being joined by 20,000 men, infantry and cavalry from the Tyrol, advancing by Sernavalle and Ceneda, the French were taken in the rear, and after a long and bloody contest, the field was abandoned to the victorious Austrians.—The retreat of the French was covered by the conflagration of the village Ranco.—The French loss, in killed, wounded and prisoners, is rising 20,000.—Gen. Serras, and other officers of rank, are among the prisoners.—The Viceroy is reported to have been wounded. An Italian regiment, which having surrendered, were compelled by the French to resume their arms, were afterwards cut to pieces by the Austrian cavalry. The Austrian loss was considerable. Gen. Guille, was wounded, after having two horses killed under him.—Many of the staff officers are killed and wounded.—Some regiments have lost almost all their officers. The Austrian army continued to advance. Upwards 5000 French wounded have been found between Sacile and Pordenone.—Among them is Gen. Desaix, who was left at the house of Signior Galvini.
Affairs of the North.
WAR IN POLAND.
WARSAW, (Capital of Old Poland) April 17. On the 15th inst. the Austrian Archduke Ferdinand transmitted to Prince Poniatowski, (Minister of War) a Declaration, dated Galacia, (Little Poland) April 14th, stating that in 12 hours after the messenger who was the bearer of it should depart, he should

advance into the Duchy of Warsaw, with his army [the 2d division of the Grand Austrian army.] He has already taken Nowemiast , on the Pelica , on the direct road to Cracow , 10 Polish miles from thence.
AMSTERDAM, (Holland) MAY 9. Advices from Holland state, that on the 19th April, a sanguinary battle was fought between the brave Poles, and the Austrians, who were three times the strongest; but the issue is not known. We only know, that 15,000 Saxons who had joined Gen. Poniatowski's army fought bravely, and did great injury to the enemy by their artillery.
LONDON, MAY 15. The Archduke Ferdinand has entered Poland ; and the Poles were in motion to oppose him. The King of Saxony , declared war against Austria , by a declaration issued at Leipzig , 27th April. We know that the Archduke Ferdinand has taken Warsaw , where he has fixed his H. Q. He has 40,000 men with him.
WAR IN BAVARIA, &c.
LONDON, MAY 18. The following are said to be the French positions in Germany at the last date—Bonaparte's H. Q. (May 1st) were at Bramau [on the Inn]— Lefebvre's  Lame's , Massena's and Bessieres , corps between the Inn and the Austrian territory.—Gen. Wrede , with the Bavarian, levy, at Lamau and Salzburg —One French division on its march to the Tyrol — Davoust's corps on the north (left) bank of the Danube , advancing towards the Regen — Bernadotte marching with the troops from the north of Europe , and the Saxons, by Egra , for the Bohemian frontier.
The Austrian force was thus distributed:—Gen. Hiller on the left bank of the Trann (a river which empties into the Danube below Lintz )—The Emperor of Germany at Lintz —The Marquis de Castalier , in the Tyrol —Gen. Jellieschich , in the south part of the Bishoprick of Salzburg —The Archduke Charles at Cham —The latter had been joined by Generals Bellegarde and Klenau ; and his force is augmented to 160,000 men, (overrated).
The 3d and 4th French Grand Army bullets have been received—The 3d is dated at Burghausen , April 30th.—The 4th at Bramau May 1st.—They are short, and contain no details of battles or defeats or any fact of importance.
Government have received advices from the Austrian army; which makes it certain that up to the 23d ult. the advantages of the French were dearly bought; and were not of a decisive nature.
AUSTRIAN OFFICIAL ACCOUNT.
PRAGUE, (Court Gazette.) —“On the 23d April, Count Ayersberg , Adjutant-General of the Archduke Charles, arrived at his Imperial Majesty's H. Q. at Scharding (on the right of the Inn) He left the field of battle the 22d. The two chiefs (Napoleon and Charles) advancing that day to combat each other. Success was on the side of the Austrians.—The Archduke caused the post of Mach , to be attacked, and it was carried. The third corps of the army took Faifon . Whilst the right wing of the Austrian army was thus victorious, the enemy, succeeded in getting possession of Echmuhl ; but the presence of the Archduke soon restored order.—Thus ended a battle which had lasted five days without interruption. We had taken a great number of prisoners, among whom is a Lieutenant-General of Davoust's corps. The loss on both sides has been great. We have had several Generals and Staff Officers wounded. The French losses in the great battles in Germany have paralyzed, in a degree, their movement. On the 1st May their H. Q. had progressed no farther than the Inn.
LONDON, MAY 20, (last date) The German 7th, 8th, and 9th Austrian official Bulletins, are received. They admit, that in general, the French had the advantage, though not to the extent which their Bulletins held out.
We have advices from Hamburg , which state, that after three days hard fighting the Archduke Charles had been eminently successful; had driven his enemy thirty miles back, and had killed and taken upwards of 40,000 of their troops.
MISCELLANEOUS.
MAY 20. In Italy the Archduke John has gained a splendid victory over the French; who lost 8000 killed, 10,000 wounded, 20 pieces of cannon, and three Eagles. The Austrian loss in killed, wounded and missing was 10,000 men! The van of the Archduke Ferdinand's army is stated to have entered Warsaw , the 19th April. The Austrian General Taxin , writes that the Tyrolese had risen with enthusiasm in favour of Austria .
GERMANY.
VIENNA, APRIL 12, 1809. The news from Moldavia proves the union between France and Russia . The Congress which has been held at Yassy , between the Russian and Turkish negotiators, has broken up. At the first meeting the Russian Minister demanded, that the British Minister should be ordered to quit Constantinople ; that all British merchandise, in Turkey should be seized; and that the Ottoman Porte should cede to Russia , the provinces of Transylvania , Moldavia , Volakia and Bessarabia ; thereby making the Danube the great natural boundary of the two Empires. The Ministers of the Porte, stated, that they had no instructions to comply with these demands, and the Congress broke up. Immediately after the Russian Generals put their forces on the Danube in activity.—This is a French account; and a later one states, that the War between Russia and Turkey had recommenced. If this account be true, it does away the report of Russia having declaring in favour of Austria .
STRASBURG, (France) APRIL 29. Large bodies of every description, of troops, are daily passing this city for the Grand Army—a battalion of Seamen passed yesterday.
CASSEL, [Kingdom of Westphalia] APRIL 25. The people surrounding Cassel have been seduced from their allegiance by worthless traitors, but the delusion has been momentary—Suspicious has been entertained of the fidelity of some of the royal guards which his Majesty [King Jerome Bonaparte, well known in America] assembled its officers, and thus addressed them:—
“I am told there is room for suspecting the fidelity of some among us—I am acquainted with the heart of a soldier, I do not know that of a traitor; yet a man upon whom I had heaped benefits, has basely betrayed me. I have spent my life in camps; I have seen soldiers; but I have never seen traitors amongst them. If there are any of you who repent the oath of fidelity which you have taken, I absolve you from the vow. I will expect you here in two hours to take a new oath; those who hesitate are free even to place themselves, if they choose, in the ranks of our enemies, and I give my royal word, that they may do this in safety. I had rather fight the enemy, than suppose that traitors were around me.”
His Majesty testified his satisfaction of the loyalty of the citizens of Cassel ; and expressed his determination to support them. “The Kings of this dynasty,” said he, “have never quitted their people, but to fly to their defence.” He has ordered all the inhabitants of the insurgent districts, to be entirely disarmed.
ITALY.
MILAN, APRIL 22, 1809. On the 7th, the Austrian troops penetrated to Peschiera , and on the 11th occupied Bressano ; but they were dislodged by a French and Bavarian column; which immediately proceeded to Innsbruck .
On the 13th another French column was at Trento ; which on the 15th was reinforced by a large Italian corps.
TREVISO, APRIL 20. —Our army is on the Piave —His Imperial Highness is every day on horseback, visiting posts.
VIENNA, APRIL 24. —Our troops are not interrupted by the enemy—They are in fine order; and will immediately commence offensive operations.
AUGSBURG, APRIL 29. The Austrians have only succeeded in seducing a part of the Tyrolese .—Those of Innsbruck , Italian and Bavarian Tyrol remain faithful. A party of the insurgents, which had assembled in the vicinity of Innsbruck , was attacked by Col. Dietsfurt , and routed; but the Col. was killed by a discharge of musketry from the houses.—The Tyrolese use rifles, and are very expert in sharp shooting.
LONDON, MAY 17. —By an official despatch from the Austrian General Taxin , we learn, that the inhabitants of the Tyrol have, with the utmost enthusiasm, risen in favour of Austria , and have defeated the Bavarian troops in several engagements. Two Generals and about 12,000 Bavarians, have been taken prisoners.
SPAIN.
CADIZ, MAY 20, 1809. Another attempt has been made by King Joseph , to enter into a negotiation with the Supreme Junta of Government, for the submission of Spain . On the 23d April Gen. Cuesta , received by a peasant, a letter from Don Joaquin Maria Solet , under date of Merida April 12, 1809, covering a despatch directed to the Vice-President of the Supreme Central Junta, (speaking, in the name of King Joseph , for terminating the horrors of war, and for the submission of the remaining provinces of Spain , to his government.
Gen. Cuesta transmitted this letter to the Supreme Central Junta; who directed the General, in the name of Ferdinand 7th, to tell Solet , that they considered his propositions to be insidious; that they would not violate their oaths; and that tranquility might easily be obtained, would the French government restore to the Spanish people their beloved monarch; evacuate the territory of Spain ; and relinquish all pretensions to interfering in the concerns of the Spanish nation. This order is dated at Seville , April 21, 1809, and signed, Martin de Garay . Under date of Monasterio , April 23, Gen. Cuesta announces the transmission of the answer to Solet's propositions. Several letters passed between Gen. Cuesta and Don Solet ; and the correspondence terminated, as it began, by Don Solet declaring that he had no power to negotiate for the restoration of Ferdinand 7th. The last despatch of Solet is dated Merida , May 9, 1809.
The Corles are to assemble the first of January next, or earlier if practicable.
SEVILLE, MAY 25. The Supreme Central Junta has decreed the Assembly of the National Corles ; and that a day shall be set apart in each year for publick prayers for the restoration of Ferdinand 7th, and to perpetuate the remembrance of the tyrannical conduct of Napoleon Bonaparte .
LISBON, MAY 23. The Asturians have taken S. Andero ; and are proceeding towards Biscay .
VICTOR still commands the French in Estremadura . SEBASTIANI in La Mancha : the celebrated Gen. REDING is dead; and BLAKE has succeeded him in the command of the army in Catalonia .
Marshal Beresford has published an attested copy of an intercepted letter from Gen. Kellerman , the French Commander in Chief in Upper Spain , to Marshal Soult ; it is dated Valadolid , March 31st, and announces, that the Duke of Avria ( Bessieres ) and all the Imperial Guards had set off from Spain , to join the Emperor. With respect to himself he says, “My position in Spain is rather critical; but I occupy the plain country with a considerable body of horse, although I am destitute of infantry. I am watching the movements of the army of Asturias , and of the troops of Romana , who obstruct our communication with the provinces they occupy. I am not able to do what I could wish, but send strong reconnoitering parties to Draganca and Miranda , and do all I can to keep the people between this place and Madrid in order, whom I know to be disaffected. The war in Germany , produced by the intrigues and gold of Britain , cannot but be attended with the most dreadful consequences for us, and must for the present render our situation extremely critical.—You cannot expect any reinforcements unless the Duke of Elchingen , ( Ney ) should be able to send you some, of which I cannot judge, as I have not the least communication with him; and all Galicia is in a state of insurrection.
P. S. Turkey has made peace with Britain : there are insurrections in every part of Germany .—[Several circumstances concur to prove the authenticity of this letter; and the view it exhibits is considered auspicious to the cause of patriotism in Spain .]
GIBRALTAR, MAY 20. The Patriots are still in force between Sarragossa and Madrid .
Letters from Algiers state, that all the French there have been put in irons.
By a French decree issued in March. American vessels ordered to be sold in the French ports, may be purchased on foreign account, on paying a duty of 15 francs per ton.
NEWPORT:
WEDNESDAY, JULY 19, 1809.
LATEST NEWS.
BOSTON, JULY 17, 1809.
Arrived this morning, sch. Ann Kelly , from Halifax , bringing London dates to May 23.
AMERICAN AFFAIRS.
LONDON, MAY 24.
In the House of Commons, last night, Lord Henry Petty put a question to Mr. Canning , upon the subject of the correspondence between Mr. Erskine and the American government. Mr. Canning replied, that the agreement purporting to be entered into by our Ministers and the American Government, was not made in conformity with the wishes of his Majesty nor such as his Majesty could approve of. It was neither founded on the instructions sent to our Minister, nor consistent with them. Yet, as it was possible, that, under the faith of that agreement, various speculations in trade might be entered into by American Merchants, it became necessary, to prevent any inconvenience or detriment to them, to issue some order, by which they might be secured of indemnity in their speculations, at least to the sentiments of his Majesty could be communicated to the American Council would speedily be published to the above-mentioned effect.—It will appear in Saturday night's Gazette . Previously, however, to the meeting of the House of Commons yesterday, Mr. Samson , the chairman of the committee of merchants trading to the United States of America, received a note from Earl Bathurst , the President of the Board of Trade, requesting his attendance, with such other Gentlemen of the Committee as might be inclined to accompany him at the Board. The Chairman and several members of the Committee repaired at one o'clock to the Treasury Chamber, and on their being introduced to the Board of Trade, were informed by Earl Bathurst , that the recent arrangements made by our Ambassador, Mr. Erskine , with the government of the United States, through his Secretary, Mr. Smith , were unauthorized by his Majesty's Minister, and that he had sent for the Committee for the express purpose of communicating the fact to them, with the view that the same might without loss of time be made known to the Merchants trading to the U.S. His Lordship at the same time informed the committee, that no advantage would be taken or any impediment thrown in the way of those who had already, and in consequence of this unauthorized arrangement, sent consignments to any of his Britannic Majesty's subjects; but that American ships and cargoes, under such circumstances would be allowed to proceed to their destined ports in security.
isters, and that he had sent for the Committee for the express purpose of communicating the fact to them, with the view that the same might without loss of time be made known to the Merchants trading to the U.S. His Lordship at the same time informed the committee, that no advantage would be taken or any impediment thrown in the way of those who had already, and in consequence of this unauthorized arrangement, sent consignments to any of his Britannic Majesty's subjects; but that American ships and cargoes, under such circumstances would be allowed to proceed to their destined ports in security.
SURRENDER OF VIENNA.
RATISBON, May 12. —This morning the following Bulletin and General Orders have been published:—
“ARMY OF GERMANY:” “A Saxon officer, or Courier, who passed through Ratisbon last night, has brought the intelligence, that on the 9th his Majesty the Emperor and King entered Vienna .—By the Commandant. (Signed) “J. L. FELIX.”
AUGSBURG May 12. —According to certain intelligence the French troops are already on the other side of Vienna . It is probable that they will proceed directly towards Hungary , in order to anticipate the insurrection there.
AUSTRIA, May 4. —We have heard nothing of battles since the retreat of the Archduke Charles over the Danube . He has fixed his great army in Bohemia .
HAGUE, May 22. —The following important intelligence is contained in letters of the 15th instant, from the Lower Rhine .—
On the 25th of April, the Emperor of Russia declared war against Austria , and ordered his armies to enter Gallicia and Hungary . The Russians have already entered Gallicia and beaten the Austrians.
Since the 9th inst. the French flag has been unfurled on the top of St. Stephen's church at Vienna . On the 10th or 11th the Emperor Napoleon was to leave the capital. The emperor Francis II. has solicited peace.
A private letter from the French head-quarters of the 6th announces that on that day an Austrian officer of the staff had arrived with a messenger bearing a letter written by the emperor Francis II. to the Emperor Napoleon , in which the emperor of Austria implored an armistice and peace of his Majesty in the most humble expressions. The short time of the stay of the Parliamentary in the head-quarters of his Majesty, induced an opinion that the answer was unfavorable—the mere so, as the army continues advancing.
LONDON, May 22.—25. The King of Sweden has been formally deposed, and the government placed in the hands of the Prince Regent, until a new Constitution should be finally settled.
The insurrection in Westphalia assumes a formidable aspect. The noted Schill has augmented his followers to a vast amount, has taken Bremen , and was spreading them through Brunswick and Hanover .
A French squadron is said to have escaped from Toulon , and thrown relief into Barcelona . Lord Collingwood will probably give some account of the return of this fleet.
Rear Admiral Harvey have been dismissed for contemptuous language against Lord Gambier .
A Cadiz article of May 27, says that Prussia as well as Russia , has joined Austria , in opposing the ambitious views of France . The same article states the Austrian forces to be as follows:—
  Army of Germany, . . . . . 180,000 Charles.   The Danube, . . . . . 40,000 Gen. Keller.   Poland, . . . . . 120,000 Arch Ferdinand.   Italy, . . . . . 24,000 Arch John.   Dalmatia, . . . . . 30,000 Gen. Valacovich.   Tyrol, . . . . . 30,000 Gen. Challer.   Reserve, . . . . . 96,000 Emp'r. in person.   Total, . . . . . 590,000. 
Accounts from Jamaica to June 13, announce the sailing of a force to assist in the reduction of the city of St. Domingo .
Confiscation of French Property.
We have seen a letter from the Havana , which contains the following information:—On the 19th of May, an order of the Spanish Government was published, directing and commanding the entire confiscation of all property of whatever kind, belonging to French persons of either sex, and comprehending all those who had received royal permissions of residence, as well as those who had become Spanish subjects by intermarriage with Spanish women. [Aurora.]
The following duties, on the importation of Teas and other articles into Jamaica , have been imposed by the Legislature of that Island:— Bohea , 1s. per lb. Congo , Campoi , Souchong , Pekoe , Singlo or Twankey , and Hyson , 2s. 6d.— Cochineal , or Gun-Powder , 3s. 4d.
CUSTOM HOUSE BONDS.
The following Notice has been issued by the Collector at Baltimore . As the law applies equally in every part of the Union, we have republished the article, presuming that some persons in this part of the Nation may be liable to the provisions alluded to.
“BALTIMORE, JULY 7.” —Those interested are desired to take notice, that all bonds for which deposits were made, and extension of credit granted, under the act for extending the terms of revenue bonds, are, by the conditions of that act, required to be paid within forty-five days after the repeal of that law.—This having taken place by the act of 28th June last, payments are therefore required of the aforesaid bonds, at the collector's office, on or before the twelfth day of August next, or the goods deposited will be liable to publick sale for their discharge.
At the Annual Meeting of the Stockholders of the RHODE-ISLAND UNION BANK , at the Bank Room on Monday, the 3d inst. the following gentlemen were unanimously elected Directors thereof, for the year ensuing, viz:—
SAMUEL ELAM, FRANCIS BRINLEY, JONATHAN BOWEN, CHRISTOPHER G. CHAMPLIN, ELEAZER WOOD, WILLIAM COOKE, CHRISTOPHER FOWLER, JOHN EARL, JUN. STEPHEN T. NORTHMAN.
And at a Meeting of the Directors on the evening of said day, SAMUEL ELAM , was re-appointed President, and JOHN L. BOWE , Cashier of said Bank.
On the 11th inst. as a number of workmen were employed in pulling down an old 3 story building, in Pearl-Street , N. Y. the front brick wall unexpectedly gave way, when the roof fell in and buried six of the men—five were dug out from under the ruins, one dead, and four shockingly mangled—one missing.
Mr. Adams , we learn, will sail in the course of two or three weeks, on his mission to Russia .
Spanish Dollars bearing the name of FERDINAND VII. are already in circulation in Boston .
TO CORRESPONDENTS. We have frequently received from some of our respectable correspondents, communications, which, however meritorious in themselves, and however happily intended, we deem improper for insertion. In order to obviate the delicacy which must naturally attend our declining to insert such communications, we must request our friends to forward them anonymously, that we may be enabled to judge impartially, without fear of giving offence, where we should be extremely unhappy to do so.
ERRATUM. In No. 3, of “ Political Reflections ,” for “ pack a horse ” read pack a house .
MARRIED.
On Sunday evening last, by the Rev. Mr. Eddy , Capt. Isaac Burdick , to Miss Eliza Brightman .
At Providence , Mr. Abel B. Hetherington , to Miss Polly Arnington , both of that town.
At Bradford , ( Mass. ) Hon. Nathaniel Thurlston , one of the Senators for Essex county, to Miss Fletcher , his seventh wife!
DIED.
In this town, on Thursday last, Miss Catharine Rogers , aged 27.—She was a dutiful daughter, an affectionate sister, and a faithful and endearing friend. She lived beloved, and died lamented, by all who had the pleasure of her acquaintance.
On his passage from Havana , Mr. Robert Shaw , of this town, aged 22, son of the late Capt. William Shaw —a young man highly respected and greatly lamented.
At Providence , Mrs. Patience Hazard , the venerable relict of the late Thomas Hazard , Esq. of South-Kingstown .
MARINE LIST.
PORT OF NEWPORT.
Entered —Brig Mary Ann , Greene , Boston; Sch. Barbara , Marshall , Bermuda ; do. George , Borden , Antigua ; do. Diana , Wass , Machias ; do. Betsy , Greene , Bath ; do. Dove , Price , do.; do. Swallow , Norris , do.; Sloop Mary , Bulkly , Boston ; do. Factor , Chase , Philadelphia ; do. Halcyon , Walden , New-York ; do. Fame , Hulme , do.; do. Express , Wood , do.
Cleared —Ship Commerce , Gardner , Norfolk ; Brig Venus , Hillman , New-York ; do. Sally , Russell , New-Bedford ; Sloop Golden Age , Landers , New-York ; do. Halcyon , Walden , do.; do. Defiance , Borden , Norfolk ; do. Mary , Brown , do.
30 Dollars Reward.
RAN away from the Subscriber, last evening, an indentured Apprentice to the Boot and Shoemaking trade, named SANFORD HERVEY , about 19 years of age; 5 feet 4 inches high; dark hair and dark complexion; with a large Roman nose. He has a very downcast look, and a peculiar roll of the body when he walks.—He had on and took with him, 1 black and 1 dark brown Coat; 1 pair drab and 1 do. black Kersymire Pantaloons; 3 or 4 Vests, different colours; 1 white and 1 black Caator Hat; besides other articles of wearing apparel and Shoemaker's Tools.
The above Reward, together with all reasonable charges, will be paid to any person who will return the said Apprentice, or secure him in any jail, and give information thereof, so that he may be brought back to his master.
N. B. All masters of vessels and other persons are forbid harbouring or employing said Runaway, on penalty of prosecution. JOHN W. DAVIS. Newport, July 19, 1809.
NEW WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
Grocery and Commission Store.
George W. Martin,
No. 2, Chuan-street , Has for sale .

Poetry.
FROM THE POLITICAL OBSERVATORY.
THE GHOST—A TALE.
WOULD you your tender offspring rear, With minds well form'd, devoid of fear, Ne'er let the nurse with idle tale Of ghost their infant ears assail, Or Bug-a-boo! or chimney sweep! To terrify them into sleep. Thus, when matur'd by rip'ning age, And brought upon the world's great stage, No midnight horrors vex the soul Of howling dog, or hooting owl! But on they move, with manly tread, Across the mansions of the dead; Or pass the ruin'd tower where Tradition says, Goblins appear. Not so the hapless wight, whose mind Is in the nursery confin'd, Who bears about him, as a curse, The strong impressions made by nurse; He sees the flaming cinder fly From out the grate, then with a sigh Exclaims "A coffin!—I shall die! "And see a winding-sheet does glide "Adown the candle's gut'ring side." Thus does conceit o'er sense prevail, Which brings me to the following tale.
Near fam'd St. Giles' glitt'ring fane, In the close windings of an lane, And snug retreat from publick eye, In the next story to the sky, Two Tailors lodg'd in the same bed. One Mayo nam'd—the other Ned: One winter evening, as they sat With ale and pipe, in friendly chat, Quoth Mayo, "Ned you are my friend: Upon whose faith I can depend Know, then, my means are in such plight, I must be off before 'tis light; To see my course I mean to shape, But let not this your lips escape. And now and then I'll write you, Ned; If not, you may suppose me dead." Th' astonish'd Tylr. sees his friend Quick down the garret stairs descend, And hears these awful words with dread— "Farewell—I'm yours alive or dead!" "And yet why need I feel alarm! "I never did poor Mayo harm." Says Ned; "and, should his Ghost appear, "I'll speak to it: why should I fear?"
'Twas at that drear and awful hour, When ghosts and goblins shew their power, The clock struck one, when though-lust Ned Lay restless, tumbling in his bed. "Who knows (quoth he) poor Mayo's doom, He may be in the wat'ry tomb, Or midst the horrors of a wreck, Or wounded, bleeding on the deck, Alas! why did he ten pi. the main!— I ne'er shall see my friend again!" At this he hears a mournful sound Proceeding as from under ground, Repeat with hollow voice, and slow, These words—"Mayo, Mayo, Mayo!" With hair erect, and starting eyes, Poor trembling Ned, in wild surprize, The bed-cloaths o'er him nimbly drew; Then bawls, "In God's name, who are you! If you're my late much valu'd friend, And met with an untimely end, You know I never did you harm, Then why my spirits thus alarm? If to discover hidden treasure, I trembling meet your awful leisure! On be your business what it may, I follow—pray you lead the way: And as your form you will not show, Pr'y let me hear your voice!" "Mayo!" In mournful sounds he heard once more, And thinks them near the garret door; Then gently stepping from the bed, And peeping round, o'erwhelm'd with dread! Behind the door low couch'd he spies A huge BLACK CAT with saucer eyes!
AMUSING MISCELLANY.
FROM THE ANTHOLOGY.
Original Letters, from an American Traveller in Europe, to his friends in this country.
LETTER TWELFTH.
[Concluded.]
Before I can proceed to give you any account of the impressions made upon me by the other curiosi- ties of Naples, not noticed in my former letters, I will state such miscellaneous facts and anecdotes with relation to this country, as may serve to amuse you during a leisure hour. I am sensible however, that you can scarcely meet with a writer, who will not give you a much more correct picture of the Neapolitan character, than I can pretend to do; yet I know, that there is some degree of satisfaction in receiving information directly from a friend, whose credibility we know how to estimate. On whatever I relate, as of my own knowledge, you may rely; and whenever an author states any facts, contrary to my own observations, I shall particularly notice it.
The weakness and inactivity of the king of Naples have been the subject of remark by every writer, who has visited this country for thirty years past. His disgraceful flight and desertion of his realm, which he might have defended, when invaded by Macdon- ald at the head of his French foot-soldiers, were not calculated to contradict the prevailing opinions of his inability. Still, however, I was determined to in- quire if the facts warranted these rumours to his dis- advantage. The king of Naples has, without doubt, pretty good sense; but having been under a long re- gency in consequence of his coming to the throne while very young, he acquired a passion for hunting, an aversion to business, an indifference to fame, and even honour, which have been the bane of his subjects, and the ruin of one of the finest kingdoms in Europe. No country in the world possesses richer materials for national grandeur, than Naples. The people are hardly healthy, and even brave, when duly excited and properly directed. The territory is the most fer- tile in Europe. It has an immense extent of sea-coast, and in Sicily the best harbours in the world. It pro- duces more grain than it can consume. It exports wine, oil, salt, salted provisions, cotton, and silk. It has all the materials for war. It produces all the metals, and no one can doubt, that it has sulphur and nitre sufficient to blow up all its enemies.
With all these advantages it is the weakest and most degraded government in Europe, and is govern- ed by the worst policy, both with regard to its for- eign connections and its internal regulations, as I shall take occasion to notice in the various desultory remarks, which I shall hereafter make. At present I return to the royal family.
The king of Naples is married to the daughter of one of the best and greatest women who ever honou- red a sceptre, Maria Theresa, the empress queen. The late king of France, you will recollect, married a- nother daughter. Abandoned to trivial amusements,
not honourable to a private man, when they become employments instead of relaxations, the king of Naples trembled, when he saw ruin impending over the o- ther branches of his family, and stalking with rapid strides towards his devoted realm. Unaccustomed to any warfare, except against the beasts of the field, or the birds of the air, he shrunk under the appre- hension of a more honourable contest; and though he possessed a numerous, well appointed, and I be- lieve if properly commanded, a brave army, he deser- ted the defence of his capital, and basely fled to Sicily, and placed himself under the safeguard of the British squadron, then protecting those seas.
That the retreat was unnecessary was fully proved by the sequel. The cardinal Ruffo, an ecclesiastick, a man of bravery and virtue, went into Calabria, and by his spirited exhortations and anathemas against those infidels the French, roused the hardy moun- taineers, inspired them with a zeal for their liberties and religion, and marching at their head in his ec- clesiastical habiliments, entered Naples at the head of 40,000 men, forced the garrison to capitulate, and drove the French troops out of the kingdom. Soon after which the king of Naples appeared off the city with a British fleet, commanded by lord Nelson, and a scene took place, which has stamped the charac- ter of the king of Naples (or his queen) and of all others, who were necessary to it, with indelible infamy. Lord Nelson himself does not wholly escape censure in this country, and I wish that an impartial biographer may undertake to support, and nourish in verdure the laurels, which so many well-earned vic- tories had wreathed around his brow. The anecdote is interesting, as it affects royal and elevated charac- ters. The authenticity of the fact I shall state, is unquestionable. It is very possible they may admit some alleviation, perhaps justification, on the part of lord Nelson. When a man has acquired so great a name, one ought to admit censure with distrust.
I first heard the story from a Roman gentleman of honour and reputation, but I repelled the attack on lord Nelson's fame with indignity. On my arrival here, Mr. —, who is warmly Antigallican, and who was on the spot through the whole revolution, confir- med the story I had heard at Rome; and one of our own distinguished officers assured me, that the Brit- ish officers at Malta, spoke with regret of the part which the British commander had taken in the affair. Originally the Neapolitan gentry and people were not revolutionary. When the king deserted them, they were obliged to submit to the French, who, as usual, instituted a revolutionary machine, which they called a Neapolitan republic. Many, and indeed most of the first families in Naples, took part in this new system, considering the crown abdicated by the ignominious flight of the king. In the turn of affairs Ruffo retook the city, signed a capitulation with the officers of the new government, by which it was a- greed that their estates should be at liberty to re- move in safety. On these conditions they submitted to Ruffo, who was the authorised officer of the king. They were accordingly put on board the ships to be transported to France. Lord Nelson and the king arrived; at first they did not object against the con- vention, but prepared to execute it.
Suddenly a change, owing, as is alleged, to the queen, took place several days after the signing of the convention and the arrival of the king. The no- bility and gentry, concerned in what all parties, whom I have seen, agree was no rebellion, were seized, sent on board Nelson's fleet, tried summarily for high treason, and executed. Their estates were con- fiscated, and their families disinherited. Even young men of 17 and 20 years of age perished on the scaffold.
I was slow to believe, because I know how apt people are to misrepresent acts of just severity; but I am obliged to say that I think there is evidence that this was an impolitic violation of faith.
Eternal curses will, in this country, rest on the heads of the advisers of this measure, should they be certainly known. It is attributed to the queen and lady Hamilton; by the influence of the last of whom the Neapolitans pretend that lord Nelson was in- duced to come into the project. I wait for stronger proof before I give credit to the charge.
The result of this infamous breach of good faith and of policy, has been, to render the royal family ob- noxious, and of course cowardly.
Perhaps it has had, and will continue to have a deeper effect on the destinies of Europe, than may be apparent at first blush. We know that the dread of revenge, of punishment for all past offences, of oversetting all titles acquired under the revolution, are the most powerful obstacles to the return of the Bourbons to France. What a sad lesson in support of these fears is the example of Naples! If a loyal people, who were deserted by their sovereign, were punished for submitting only to a conquerour what, must those dread whose hands are stained with roy- al blood, and whose poniards are still reeking from the bosoms of a slaughtered nobility.
Yours, &c.
JASON SPRAGUE,
Offers for sale, at his Store, in Washington- Street, No. 4.
100 bbls. fresh superfine Alexandria and New-York Flour, by the barrel or larger quantity; 2000 wt. Cabin Bread; 60 barrels pickled Cod; dry Codfish by the quintal or larger quantity; Pork; Beef; Rice by the tierce; loaf, powdered and brown Sugar; Souchong and Bohea Teas; Coffee; Molas- ses; West-India, New-England and Cherry Rum; Wine, Brandy and Gin, by the barrel or less quantity; Ginger, Allspice, Pepper, Cinnamon, Soap, Candles, Starch, negro-head, pigtail and leaf Tobacco; Segars by the thou- sand or less quantity; Men's and Women's Shoes; Boots; writing and wrapping Paper; merchants and clear pine Lumber; Hog's- head Shooks, Oars; black and bright Varnish; Rosin; a few barrels gurry Oil. Also, a small quantity of Flax.
Which Articles may be had on reasonable terms, for Cash or approved credit, and the smallest favours gratefully received. Newport, March, 21, 1809.
HENRY Y. CRANSTON & CO.
No. 15, Market-Square,
RESPECTFULLY inform their friends and the publick in general, that they have for sale at their Store, the following Goods, which they would dispose of for Cash or approved Credit: viz.—6 hhd. St. Kitts high 2d, 3d, and 4th proof Rum; 10 pipes Gin, of an excellent quality; 8 bags Coffee; 6 kegs Virginia Tobacco; 20 kegs Ginger; 6 chests Souchong Tea; 30 quintals Cod Fish; 1000 lbs. Cordage; 12 dozen Bed Cords; 50 lbs. Sewing Twine; 4 bags Pi- mento; 300 lbs. Loaf Sugar; 100 reams Brown Paper; 20 do Foolscap do. &c. &c.
Those who are indebted to them by Note or Book Account, are requested to call and settle the same. All Orders from their distant cus- tomers will receive punctual attendance. Newport, April 26, 1809.
SALE AT AUCTION. On THURSDAY, 20th, inst, at 11 o'clock. (If not previously sold at Private Sale.) THE HOUSES and LOTS, No. 3 and 4 Thames-street , lately occupied by Mr. THOMAS VOAX. -Conditions made known at the sale. RHODES & CAHOONE, Auct'rs. Newport, July 12.
TO BE LET, And immediate possession given. THAT pleasant and commodious Room, corner of Mill and Thames-Streets , hith- erto occupied by the subscriber as an office. It is unquestionably by far the best situation for a publick office, of any in the town—and at small expence, might be fitted for a dry goods store. For terms apply to PAUL M. MUMFORD. May 9.
TO BE SOLD—a Lease. THAT well known and valuable Estate of the Subscriber, at present improved as a Chaise maker's Shop, by ELIAS HUNT , adjoining the house of OBADIAH WILLIAMS . Said Shop stands on a convenient Lot for building, and with a small expense may be converted into Dwelling-House. For terms apply to the Printer, or to the Subscriber, at Troy , Fall River. JOHN STRATTON. June, 27,
FOR SALE, THE Dwelling-house, Lot and Out-houses thereon standing, occupied by Capt. Si- mon Davis —situated in Spring-street , S. E. corner of Mill-street . Also—the House and Lot at the North part of Easton's point , lately occupied by the Reverend Mr. Bradley . Likewise—the Masts, Spars, Sails, Rig- ging, Stores, &c. suitable for a single decked Brig of 110 or 115 tons, or a high or double decked Brig of 120 or 130 tons.—Apply to CONSTANT TABER. Newport, June 7, 1809.
FOR SALE, THAT pleasant situation South of Brick Market , about 60 feet on Thames- street , extends about 400 feet west, with a small Wharf. There are two large and very com- modious Dwelling-Houses, one fronting on Thames-street , No. 197 and 199, with two con- venient Shops in front; the other stands west, very well calculated for two families. Also—a Lot of Land, at the south-east part of the town, containing three quarters of an acre. Good title will be given. JOSEPH ALLEN.
FOR SALE, THE beautiful and pleasant FARM, im- proved by the Subscriber, in Middle- town .—Also, the House, Garden and Water Lot, situated in Water-street , Bristol; lately improved by Dr. Chillingsworth Foster .—For terms, apply to CARDER HAZARD. Middletown, June 6th, 1809.
PLEASE TO TAKE NOTICE. THE Subscribers respectfully inform their Friends and the publick, that they have entered into Partnership, and taken the well known Stables belonging to Mr THOMAS TOWNSEND , situated in Green-street , where Horses and Carriages for every purpose will be furnished at short notice; particularly Coachmen provided with careful and experienc- ed drivers, for parties of pleasure or travel- lers; and Saddle Horses either for Ladies or Gentlemen; they will also furnish despatch messengers for any direction. Their Stables being well calculated for the business, Horses will be taken in to keep at reasonable rates for long or short periods; and as they are deter- mined to attend well to every part of their bu- siness, they hope to merit the favours of the publick. JOHN G. EASTON. WM. E. DRUMMOND. Newport, April 19, 1809.
THE Subscriber from long and intimate knowledge of WM. E. DRUMMOND , and con- fidence in his Partner, recommends them as worthy the encouragement of the publick. THOMAS TOWNSEND. Newport, April 19, 1809.
NEW HOTEL. THE publick are informed that the sub- scriber has taken the house formerly occupied by Mr. OLIVER VARRS , north of the State House, in Broad-Street , where Parties and Clubs may be accommodated with private rooms, &c. Suppers prepared on Short notice. Persons may be accommodat- ed with Boarding and Lodging. All kinds of refreshments provided; and good accom- modations for horses, &c.
Pastery and Cake of various kinds, together with Porter, Mead and Beer, constantly at hand.
Families can be supplied with Calves head supper, dressed thrice fashion, every Friday. Calves-Feet Jelly kept for sale. Cordials, of various kinds, a constant supply.
As the subscriber has been at considerable trouble and expence in obtaining one of the first Cooks from the city of New-York, he flatters himself he shall receive a portion of the publick patronage. Every attention will be paid to those who may visit his house, where the smallest favour will be gratefully acknowledged by the publick's most obedient servant,
CATO BARKER. N. B. Horses and Carriages, to let. Newport, May 17, 1809.
Samuel Sterne & Son, No. 13, Dannister's wharf , Have for sale, W. I. and N. E. Rum, by the hhd. or bbl. Gin, per pipe or bbl. Brandy, by the bbl. Molasses, by the hhd. Teas, by the chest and qr. chest, Coffee, by the bag, Loaf and brown Sugar, Flour, by the bbl. Chocolate, by the box, Candles, by do. Dried Fish, by the quintal; Dexter and common Lime, by the cask, Mess and prime Pork and Beef, by the bbl. White Beans, by the cask or bushel, Lorillard's Snuff, in bladders, 2000 wt. excellent old Cheese. Sailor's Mattresses, With a general assortment of Groceries, at retail. Also—a variety of old notes and accounts, in exchange for cash or country produce. Those who are necessitated to have them, will do well to make immediate application, as what remains on the first of September, will be transferred to other hands, and then they can- not be obtained to so good advantage. June 28.
SIMPSON & BARKER, Offer for sale, At the Brick Market 40 bbls. mess Pork. March 22.
JAMES WESTGATE, BAKER, No. 195, Thames-Street , Offers for sale, 100 bbls. excellent Ship Bread. Gro- ceries of all kinds, Crackers and Ginger Bread put up at the shortest notice. Newport, March 23.
HENRY Y. CRANSTON, & CO. No. 15, Market-Square , HAVE just received for sale—75 bbls. Alexandria superfine and fine Flour, of a superior inspection; and 50 bbls. first quality Ship Bread. May 17,
HENRY Y. CRANSTON & Co. 15, Market-Square , OFFERS for sale, for cash, or approved credit, on terms every way suited to the times. 11 bbls. Pimento; to half chests Souch- ong; and 10 do. Hyson Teas, of a superior and approved quality—which Teas, are of the very latest importation. June 28.
Negro Head Tobacco. SAMUEL CARR & SON have for sale, at their store, on Ferry-wharf , Newport, A quantity of Negro Head TOBACCO, by the keg—warranted of a good quality; if proving otherwise and returned within three weeks, in good order, it will be taken back. If cutting the kegs in two would be more sat- isfactory to purchasers, they shall be indulg'd. July 12. [3 m.]
NOTICE THE MANAGERS of the Newport ME- THODIST CHAPEL LOTTERY, have determined to commence Drawing said Lottery on the first MONDAY of SEPTEMBER next. Newport, May 31, 1809.
PUBLICK HEALTH. BATHING-HOUSE.
FOR the accommodation of those Ladies and Gentlemen, who wish to partake of the luxury of the Bath, the BATHING- HOUSE will be opened every day, from sun- rise until 9 o'clock in the evening, Sundays excepted, when it will be closed at 10 o'clock in the morning.—Tickets may be had at the Medicine Store of SAMUEL W. VINSON , and of the Proprietor. Ladies will please to pass in at the door No. 72, Thames-Street . Gen- tlemen will enter at the east door of the Bathing-House, Pelham-Street . Subscribers will be furnished with Tickets on account of their Shares, as heretofore. Newport, April 19, 1809.
Pasturing for Horses. GOOD Pasturing for Horses, at a short distance from the State-House. Ap- ply to RICHARD BARKER , at the New- port Hotel. June 28.
APPRENTICE WANTED. WANTED, an Apprentice to the House Carpenter's Business. A lad from 14 to 16 years, (producing satisfactory re- commendations) would hear of a good situa- tion, on application at this Office. N. B. One from the country would have the preference. June 7.
APPRENTICE WANTED. WANTED an Apprentice, to the Bake- ing business. A smart active Lad a- bout 12 or 13 years of age, who can produce good recommendation, may hear of a situation by applying at the office of the Rhode-Island Republican . N. B. One from the country would be pre- ferred. May 19.