The Kentucky gazette (Lexington [Ky.]), 1798-10-17 00:00:00

TO THE PEOPLE OF KENTUCKY.
A WRITER in Mr. Bradford's last paper, under the signature of TIMOLEON, is so eminently distinguished from the common newspaper scribblers, that I mean to pay him that tribute which belongs to great talents and great merit.
His piece is introduced by a sentence of that length, unity and harmony, which are so highly extolled by critics upon style and composition. "All the old systems which have governed mankind for centuries are revolving around and giving birth to new principles of reflection," is a member of that sentence which served to apprise us of the loftiness of his conceptions: "Giving birth," is a little inaccuracy (no doubt attributable to the amanuensis of Timoleon or the printer; sources of error to which, unfortunately, all great works are subject) because the old systems are said to be rather cramping upon the mind, rather barren than productive of reflection. I will venture to affirm, that Timoleon has it in his manuscript, "giving place," or, "giving way," and then the meaning would be just and true. I am the more confirmed in this opinion, by the following sentence, in which he says, "Two mighty revolutions, that of France and America, have given origin to a system of thinking that aims at the complete extermination," &c.—Now, if the alteration above mentioned is made, the two sentences will be reconciled; otherwise they assign opposite causes for the same effect. But the sentence is, upon the whole, so well turned, that it is rather hypercritical to dwell upon this small objection.
Timoleon, in the following sentences, advises you to rationally and philosophically upon the subjects of zeal and intemperance, that he cannot fail to make the most lasting impression, and to produce the happiest effect. The mischiefs which they produce are of the most pernicious kind;—friends are rendered enemies—the harmony of society is destroyed—and those who are admonished by their connections and situation in life, their age, or their size, to be at peace, engage furiously in battle. Who, for example, can have beheld the effects of heat and enthusiasm in this little place, without sympathy and regret—what feuds, what broils, what Herculean combats, have been produced. Let any one recollect them from the first to the last, and he will say more unfortunate breaches of friendship could not have happened. Well might Timoleon, after what he had experienced, probably felt, lament and exclaim that you were too fond of relinquishing deliberation, and having recourse to means less mild.
The succeeding paragraph contains much serious and useful matter. He deplores with all the ardor of patriotism, that you should have lost since the commencement of the revolution in France, that sobriety and rationality for which you were distinguished previous to it; and that you should still express that affection and those good wishes which you avowed for her in the origin of her political regeneration, after she has deviated from the true principles of republicanism. I know that some of you my fellow citizens, will affirm that you are as sober and rational as you ever were. That, altho' you do not justify all the measures of the French government relative to our country, you palliate, you excuse them, because of the misconduct of our own government. That the constitution of the French is more republican than ours, since the right of suffrage there is more extensively diffused than it is here;
and since the organization of the executive department, is less dangerous to liberty than ours, because it is plural—because the term of service is shorter—and because the powers confided to it are not so enormous—and that, finally, the whole aspect of the French constitution is more democratical than ours—that in the administration of the two governments there is not much room for choice, both being, perhaps, equally censurable. But, my fellow citizens, do not let the speciousness of these reasons deceive you; Timoleon must be better informed than you are; (his piece,) his title, his reasoning, all are displays of the most profound genius, and of the best information. He asserts, (you must know that there are some truths so self-evident that the assertion without the proof of them is sufficient) that France has deviated from republican principles; and to disbelieve it is to be obstinately incredulous .
Timoleon wisely and justly cautions you against a set of revolutionary philosophers who have sprung up, and whose constant aim it has been, to inflame your minds, to detach you from the energetic measures of your government, and to place in your hands more power than political justice demands, or safety requires. Some will object against this part of the paragraph, that Timoleon, addressing himself to you, is too inattentive to politeness, when he tells you that you have been the dupes of these philosophers—that you have suffered yourselves to be led away by the passions which they have excited—and that it is unsafe to trust you with as much power as they contend for. Further, it will be objected, that when he tells you that you have lost the original purity of your motives, he grossly insults you. But these are captious objections. Amongst the many other good qualities of Timoleon, candor is not the least conspicuous; he despises flattery and dissimulation, and boldly speaks the language of truth. That he is right, must be admitted by every one who will seriously reflect: For, have you not departed from the original purity of your motives? In 1776 you fought against the tyranny of Britain and for liberty; and now you are unwilling to fight for Britain and John Adams. In 1776 you fought for the right of raising your money as you pleased, and now you are against John Adams's raising it for you. In 1776 you fought, in principle, against the parliament's imposing sedition bills upon you, & now that your own representatives have done it, you murmur. In 1776 you complained that you were transported beyond sea, and tried by juries not composed of your peers, and now that your own congress (and whatever a mandoes by his representative, he does himself) have determined that certain persons shall not be tried on this nor the other side of the Atlantic, by juries, you are raving. In 1776 you fought for the right of speaking and publishing your sentiments as you pleased, and now that congress has determined that it is expedient for you to give up this right, or to suspend the exercise of it, instead of submitting like good citizens, you seem determined to make greater use of your tongues and pens than ever. These alone, independent of many other proofs which might have been adduced manifestly shew, what Timoleon asserts, that there is a depravity, a departure from original purity of motive.
Timoleon proceeds to make some observations upon the subject of government, in which he discovers much research, and much acquaintance with human nature. He shews with great perspicuity, how inadequate a state of
nature is to the security and preservation of happiness; and then points out, with judgment, the advantages which attend a social connection. That, in the first place, it provides us with a known and established law; in the second place, "another want which the state of nature cannot afford," is an impartial judge; and thirdly, an impartial power to execute the sentence of the judge. Although I cannot here applaud Timoleon for asserting a new truth, it is clear that he is right; for government must, as he shews be necessary. Having established this position, which with many might have been before dubious, Timoleon next proceeds, "when any body of men agree to abandon the state of nature, and to connect themselves in social union, they become a body politic, wherein a majority have a right to act!" This community being established, it gives the power to this body politic, to act as one body, &c. Here again have I to regret the carelessness of Timoleon's amanuensis or the printer. There is a want of sense and meaning in this sentence, which evidently shews that it is not a pure emanation from the pen of Timoleon. It would be a strange spectacle indeed, to see a body of men formally delegating to themselves power which they already possess. After shewing the origin of the body politic, he says this community, (body politic) gives power to this body, (that is if it has any meaning, this body politic gives power to this body politic) to act as one body, &c. This body must necessarily move one way, says Timoleon—a duty which we had before been taught by the sedition bill and the president. It is a misfortune that there are obstinate minds which will not yield to the mandates of authority. Whatever is, is right, says that philosopher, (the predecessor of Timoleon) Pope; and as the sedition bill exists it must be right.
Timoleon, through the remaining part of this paragraph is proving the principle, that the majority must govern, which was as questionable as whether a government ought to exist. Hitherto we have seen Timoleon in the introduction only, to the subject upon which his able pen was to be employed; we shall regard him in the remainder of his composition, in the execution of his design. He commences by deplored the sad effects of that anarchical spirit, which has been so prominently exhibited in this country. He traces the origin of this spirit, and assigns for its causes, the influence of French politics—an influence which Utopian philosophers have exerted themselves to increase; and a want of discrimination between the cause of the French revolution, and the course which has been lately given to it; and to your being "the dupes of French principles, which have been unthankfully received and as unwisely recriminated on you." To some or all of these causes, no doubt this unfortunate spirit is attributable. No where has anarchy been so bold and daring as in this country. She has here risen in opposition to law, and loudly proclaimed her disloyalty.—You, my fellow citizens, have been disobedient to the will of your rulers; you have assembled without legal warning to meet, and you have entered into resolutions of the most seditious and inflammatory nature; you have had the insolence to oppose the construction of the constitution, by high authority, your own exposition of it, uninformed and unenlightened as you are; you have spoken to your masters in language which should be addressed only to servants; you have been upon the verge of rebellion itself. Not
content with your own disloyalty; not satisfied with stirring up against government, your own fellow subjects, you have even dared to sympathize, to rejoice in the rebellion of a large portion of the subjects of George the third, an ally of John Adams. You have said to the Irish nation, be united, firm and persevering; break the fetters of your merciless despots; be animated by our example, which shewed the world what wonders liberty can effect; and remember that there is but one alternative, Liberty or Death. More convincing proofs could not be required of the anarchical spirit which Timoleon ascribes to you.
Timoleon renews to you a warning, which has been repeatedly given, and as incessantly neglected; it is, to beware of empirical demagogues, and ambitious and designing men. These are they who oppose government;—they have, he tells you, fled from their native country, on account of their crimes, or because their ambition has been disappointed, or their hopes blasted. Here is another remarkable instance of Timoleon's candor. Addressing the people of Kentucky—a people who have been almost unanimous in their opposition to the measures of administration, he tells them that their opposition is the result of similar motives—that they have fled from their own country on account of their infamy, and that they are anxious to overturn the government, in order to gratify their malevolent and interested designs. Timoleon is not singular in this reproach. It has been before intimated by many of the friends of administration, who have said that the democrats wish to effect a revolution, or to turn the present officers of government out, in order that they may supply themselves with places, sinecures and salaries. Timoleon's merit is in the frankness and direct manner in which he makes the charge. In proof of his assertion, that it is only men of blasted hopes and ruined fortunes, who are continually braying against government, we need only cast our eyes around us—let us take, as an example, Lexington. Here we shall find that all the wealth and respectability of the place are enlisted under the standard of support to administration; and under opposition we shall find all that are licentious, dissipated, vile and immoral. If we take a more comprehensive view, we shall see from Jo. Thomas down to the obscurest friend to administration, the most perfect probity, sobriety and morality. In their department, the friends of government are orderly, regular and unexceptionable; while their opponents are disorderly, irregular and abandoned. The object of these democrats to effect a revolution, or a change of officers, has been long obvious to the discerning mind. They endeavor to evade by a sophism. They retort upon the friends of government, who can have nothing but the purest motives for their opinions, that they are the persons in pursuit of office, salary and sinecure, and to accomplish their object, they say that they are clamorous in support of government; that they are loud in their approbation of John Adams's conduct; that, when insulted, they demand his protection; threaten to banish themselves from the country, unless the arms of government embrace them; and that every worm of them when trodden upon, turns up and thanks the sacrilegious democrat for securing him an office. Thus these artful democrats, shift from themselves the best directed and best supported accusations. They say further, that if personal aggrandizement was their object, the surest way would be to follow the

example of the federalists, and cry up for the administration too; that this would be much easier than to encounter the difficulties of a revolution, or a change of officers. But, my fellow citizens, do not suffer yourselves to be misled by their artifice. Constantly in the habit of deceiving, accustomed to the arts of subtlety and calumny, their mouths always full of high sounding words, such as the sovereignty of the people (which Timoleon justly observes can never be embraced by practice) liberty and the freedom of the press, unless we are constantly upon our guard, we are in danger of being led astray. That their manner is often specious is undeniable; but by proper reflection and caution, the discerning will be easily able to detect them.
Timoleon continues, through the remainder of his piece, to give you some of the most wholesome and just advice. He guards you against that fictitious equality which is incapable of existence. He patriotically regrets the direful effects of dis-union, the result of that anarchy upon which he had before so sensibly commented; and his piece is concluded with a sentence of that grace and dignity, which Blair says are so much to be desired. He leaves his readers to muse upon the causes of the unparalleled success of a nation, beneath which religion, morality and faith have fallen, and which exhibits a melancholy picture of lost honor and splendid victory, at the same time that she is groaning under the accumulated weight of her own infamy; and to enquire how it has happened that such a nation, in all her operations, is fortunate, to the astonishment of the world and beyond example, and why the wrath of offended heaven has not fallen on her.
Upon the whole, few pieces of greater merit than Timoleon's are believed to have made their appearance anywhere. It is ardently to be hoped that a premature death will not deprive us of him, as it did PAOLON, a writer who possessed some of his merit. It is to be hoped that he will pursue the great task, for which he seems destined by nature and talents—that of enlightening your minds upon the science of government, a subject in which your happiness is so greatly involved; and of bringing a great nation, weaned from her government, back to imbibe, from John Adams, the unadulterated stream of republicanism.
PHILO TIMOLEON.
Lexington, October 6, 1798.
TIMOLEON No. II.
AN ADDRESS TO THE PEOPLE OF KENTUCKY.
FELLOW-CITIZENS:
IT has been observed in a former number of this address, that the influence of French policies in our country has had the most unfavorable operation on our national concerns. In pursuance of the plan which has been laid down, it will not be unnecessary to enquire into the degree of estimation, in which the measures and character of that nation should be held, by a people whom the enjoyment of liberty ought to make superior to prejudice, and too enlightened to be imposed on. In this illustration the event of the question will be discovered, whether the people of America have been right in accompanying the successes of France beyond the period at which she strove for the establishment of civil liberty, through all that variety of intrigue and licentiousness, which has been frequently proclaimed, as constituting the Utopia of modern days.
The degree of estimation which ought to be entertained for the measures which the French first embraced, to throw off the shackles of despotism, will naturally be felt by every nation and individual, who are capable of thinking and feeling in the cause of humanity. There was no difficulty in determining which way the human heart should lean, when the revolution in France broke out, and opened to the view a set of new principles which contemplated the downfall of despotism, and the establishment of civil liberty. Philosophy rejoiced in the triumph which had been gained over prejudice, and held in prospect the happy period when universal freedom should be the portion of mankind. It was very natural, therefore, for the people of the United States to join in expressing their approbation of a cause which they felt as their own, and as the cause of human nature. It
reflected an encomium upon their wisdom, their humanity and their justice, which could only have flowed from that source of virtue and information, which the establishment of republicanism had given origin to.
But whilst these principles demanded from the American people, in particular, and the whole race of mankind in general, their united approbation to the first measures which France adopted to secure her rights, it was an important object, which all these principles equally demanded, that a discrimination should be made between those measures which the pursued to gratify the impulse of ambition, and those which were dictated by reason, by policy and by necessity. Had this prudent distinction been made, which was, indeed, the business of reflection, that turbulent spirit of party, which French politics have created, would never have raged in our country—America might at this day have been neutral in her affections, enjoying the calm of national happiness, and capable of casting an impartial eye over the agitated scenes of Europe, without dreading the storm that raged at a distance. A contrary conduct, however, marked a considerable portion of the people of these United States; which, I believe, was more the result of a desire to overlook the unwarrantable proceedings of the French nation, from an idea that liberty was their grand object, than from any wish to encourage such principles, as might involve the happiness of their own country in the fortunes of that nation—Still the impolicy of the measure existed, with sufficient evidence of its being so, to prove what experience has fully confirmed.
The particular period, at which policy required the American people to become unanimous in sentiment upon the subject of French operations, was that which discovered to the world, that France was more desirous of making advantage of her power to answer the purposes of an undue ambition, than to establish the principles of liberty upon the foundation of republican virtue. Her measures, her inhuman executions, and her spirit for conquest, which have been sanctioned from necessity by the unthinking part of our citizens, should have been condemned as inconsistent with the spirit of republicanism and those professions which marked her conduct at the commencement of the revolution.—With respect to her massacres and the executions which she offered up at the shrine of her resentment, I can hardly suppose that the situation of any people can be so far deranged as to render them necessary or politic upon any score. The best and only apology which can be offered for these enormities may flow from that enthusiasm which is apt to seize the minds of a people relinquishing the state of slavery for the state of freedom. But can it be supposed that this principle is alone to excuse them, when time and deliberation were all within their reach, and when the power of using both, were vested in a government which millions had sworn to support? So far from the milder dictates of reason, being exerted to disappoint these dangerous and inhuman proceedings, the government of France soon after its establishment, winked at them in many instances with respect to massacres and assassination, and proceeded with deliberate coolness to guillotine unoffending thousands, not through the humane formalities of a trial and conviction, but by a sentence founded in tyranny, and inexcusable in any situation of a country.—The savage and unexampled barbarity, which this cruel nation has brought to the view of the world, is not more forcibly evinced in any single transaction, than in the execution of their king—In this shameful affair, it appears to have acted as if the mind, discarding every obligation most sacred in the sight of God and man, had wound itself up to a sublime pitch of cruelty, inconsistent with itself, in yielding to a decree which doomed his life to an untimely sacrifice, and his remains to the dissipating winds. This transaction is adduced as a solitary instance, sufficiently eloquent to express the character and disposition of this people. Innumerable others of equal magnitude in cruelty and injustice, exhibit themselves in the progress of the revolution, marked over with the blood of tyranny, representative of the expiring virtue of the nation.—When these transaction became apparent to the world, it did not become a difficulty
on the part of the people of America, to determine how far they should approve, or how far condemn such unjustifiable conduct in the French nation. The injustice of these proceedings exhibited themselves in such glaring colors, that it is difficult to find reasons sufficiently forcible, why it did not produce such unanimity of sentiment on the subject in America, as to have precluded that immediate party spirit, which appears to have sprung up from the transactions in France. So far from this being the case, there was found a party who was willing to wink at any enormity which that nation was guilty of, and another sufficiently wise and dispassionate to approve only such measures as were sanctioned by justice, and congenial to the republican spirit.—Thus we discover the beginning of a faction, which in remoter times, was to extend its influence over America, and lead to a rupture with that government, which has been discovered too incorruptible to approve, with the French nation , of ALL the measures which France has thought proper to blacken her character with.
But the inhuman transactions I have mentioned, are perhaps, among the least of those measures pursued by France, an indiscriminate approbation of which, by a considerable portion of our citizens, has given rise to the present disunion in sentiment on the subject of their affairs. They were of sufficient magnitude, however, to have excited our suspicions, as to the virtue and intentions of the government, in whose hands the power of controuling within due bounds, the evils which existed, was certainly lodged. But what line of duty, what train of thinking was suggested to the people of America, by policy, by humanity and by justice, when France, in the face of the world, broke that solemn oath which declared, ' that conquest was not her object ,' and embraced a system of operation, which has deluged the plains of Europe with blood and cut off millions from the earth as the expiatory victims of her pride and ambition? Could necessity have dictated a plan, which carried her arms beyond her own borders to invade the territories of the Germans, the Hollanders and Italians? Could policy have suggested a measure which in its consequences must necessarily involve the prosperity of France itself and open a scene of action where every moral and political obligation must be broken? Or could these unjustifiable proceedings have been recommended by that republican spirit, which the nation had adopted to bring about a revolution for the righteous intention of establishing their own liberty ? With respect to the first, the resources and power which France has always enjoyed to defend itself from foreign encroachment, and to carry on a defensive war, is too well established to have rendered her foreign operations necessary. This necessity to carry on her conquests abroad, could only have resulted from the establishment of the principle, that the surrounding countries which carried on war against her, must necessarily be revolutionized to ensure safety to that spirit of liberty which France had entertained herself. But the extension of this principle, supposes the necessity that all those forms of government which differs from the one which the French nation had embraced, must also be changed, and made similar to her own before peace and security could be established on the part of the nation attempting to effect the change.—The absurdity of this idea, must be apparent, when it is considered, that if every separate nation is not adequate to the defence of their own government, it is not in the plan itself under which they live, that they can expect security from encroachment, but from the internal strength of the nation itself. France in a revolutionized condition, has as much to fear from the ambition, the intrigue, and power of the countries she has made republics, as she had prior to their change from monarchy or aristocracy: and the only method that she could have taken to have destroyed this danger, was to subjugate them to her own power; a plan, which she appears in reality to have adopted, with every country which she has conquered. Thus power has prescribed limits to necessity, and carried the French nation on to a system of usurpation, which necessity never demanded.
The policy upon which France
founded her plans of foreign conquest does not exhibit reasons sufficiently forcible, to justify the measure. I can never draw a line between the principles of sound policy in the affairs of a nation, and those which are suggested by the strictest honor and the purest motives of justice. Whether that procedure on the part of the French nation, which carried fire and sword into the bosom of a people who would willingly have done any thing to escape the horrors of war, which broke the injunctions of humanity and covered the fairest part of Europe with blood and carnage, can receive the appellations of honor and justice, is a question which is submitted to the dispassionate part of mankind.—I am confident in believing, however, that the genuine interest of France, deeply as the nation was involved in a situation of the most serious importance, at the time she planned her foreign operations, suggested nothing more than the firmest adherence to those principles which were dictated by the spirit of republican virtue.—This suggested the propriety of a defensive war, which should only extend to the promotion of liberty, and reprobated any other plan which ambition might form and carry into execution. So far from justifying France in her lawless system of usurpation, it directed her to the cultivation of the arts of peace, of science and philosophy, to improve those domestic resources which might make her adequate to defend those principles which she wished to establish, and to create in the minds of her citizens the knowledge of virtue rather than the emotions of ambition.—It moreover suggested as the first business in the important work they had undertaken to form a system of government and of laws, which might have the most proportionable tendency to fix the blessings of peace, to restore harmony and to render the nation and the individual secure in their dignity, their independence and their happiness. An assiduous cultivation of these particulars would have been infinitely more apt to prolong the existence of the republican principles they had established, by increasing the virtue of the people, rendering them more mild and more enlightened, than by the plans which the government adopted; which have laid the foundation for a train of national calamities inseparable from the spirit of conquered nations and disappointed ambition, and which cannot fail to molest the quietude of France for a considerable length of time. But the system which has been pursued ever since the revolution has tended to enslave the minds of that body, which are under military service, and to preclude the rest of the people who are citizens, from those advantages which peace and tranquility bring. With this kind of policy on the part of France, nothing decisive, nothing more favorable to the rights of civil liberty, can be expected. That portion of virtue which is the life of a republican government can never be cultivated to that maturity, which shall ensure its existence. Without this virtue, in vain shall the French nation attempt to preserve the principles of freedom, or to bring to a happy accomplishment what they have sought to gain through improper means. She may for some time, triumph in that prosperous state which power may have risen her to, but so extremely precarious is the fate of the plan of government which she has adopted, that nothing but the virtue of the people and their servants in public, can restrain the evil fortune which will otherwise take place.—Like the child which comes into the world crying, passes through it smiling, and retires from it in groans, so does the republican form of government, originate in calamity, progress on for some time, through all the smiling scenes of prosperity, and at last, expire in anarchy and convulsion.
From the observations I have made upon the principles which France has pursued to increase the dominion of her power, it is evident that they could not have been the objects of approbation by the thinking part of America, whatever may have been the result of a disposition, to excuse them upon any other score. It is sufficiently plain, however, that in these various transactions, we are enabled to trace out the origin of that spirit of party in our country, which has grown to a degree of magnitude too formidable not to inspire our fears as to the dangers which may attend its influence.

It has brought into existence a set of principles, which time has matured into system, and whose continuance will be supported by pride, obstinacy and ambition. The perception of error, in the plan, which in most other cases might lead to reformation, will here lose its influence, and whilst the pillars of our sovereignty and independence are tottering beneath its power, we may not, perhaps, have the consolation to see a triumph of duty over pride and prejudice.
TIMOLEON. (To be continued.)
NEW-YORK, September 24.
Among the victims to the present epidemic, we have to lament that of Mr. ARCHIBALD M'LEAN, one of the editors and proprietors of the New-York Dailey Gazette and General Advertiser, who breathed his last on Saturday night, after three days illness.
PHILADELPHIA, September 27.
A Schooner has arrived at Dumari-cotta, at the eastward, from the West-Indies; which had been captured on her homeward passage by a French privateer, and four Democrats put on board to conduct her to port. They were in power but a few days, ere the Americans effected a counter-revolution, and resumed the command of their vessel, and have got safe home. The Sans Culottes were conducted to Wiskeet, and by a MITTIMUS from D. Davis, esq. were put into a Yankee "CONCIERGERIE."
Captain Potts, who arrived at Baltimore the 20th, inst. from Madeira, which he left the 16th of August, informs, that the day he left that port, an American brig arrived there from Malaga, which brought the news of gen. Buonaparte, with his fleet and army being blockaded in the island of Malta, and that it was expected he should be obliged to surrender to Admiral Nelson, whose Squadron consisted of 13 sail of the line, besides frigates. The intelligence was received at Malaga by a Genoese ship, which the captain had made oath to the truth of.
September 28.
Died on Wednesday last, after an illness of four weeks, Mr. WM. T. PALMER, of this city; late printer and proprietor of the Philadelphia Miner-va.
WILMINGTON, September 26.
Thursday last arrived at New-Castle, the frigate United States, Commodore Barry, and the Delaware sloop of war, captain Decatur, ten days from Porto Rico; having in company two French prizes, which they captured in the West-Indies.
The officers of the Schooner are permitted on parole, being commissioned by the Directory; but those of the sloop, in common with the crews, are secured in the county jail, as their authority for plundering is sanctioned only by a West-India agent.
NEWARK, September 25.
We congratulate the friends to the freedom of the press, that the attempt made at the late court held in this town last week, by a few violent party men in this county, to obtain a bill of indictment against the editors of this paper, for publishing a piece signed "A Militia Man," and addressed to the governor of this state, hath proved abortive, notwithstanding great and unwearied exertions were made by the partisans of despotism to effect it. The old exploded, degrading, and abominable doctrine, that truth may be a libel , although long since rejected in England, and never recognized in America, was urged with great force and violence on this occasion. However, a sufficient number of the Grand Jury could not be found to become the instruments of party vengeance, and therefore the bill was rejected. Much honor is due to those of the Jury who resisted the importunity and threats of some and, the arts practiced by others on the occasion. [Cent. Freed.]
NORFOLK, September 18.
COMMUNICATION.
CONSTITUTION'S PRIZE.
The ship Niger (taken by the United States frigate Constitution, capt. Nicholson) lately and most probably now belongs to a gentleman, who, previous to the evacuation of Port-au-
Prince by the English, resided and was partner in a mercantile house here. At that time this gentleman had employment under the British government either as commissary or contractor, and now resides in or near Philadelphia, and his connexions are of the most respectable mercantile interest. The vessel was hired regularly for two years at least by the British government; she has also made one or two trading voyages since she became British property, to Philadelphia, has repeatedly assisted in convoying the American trade to and from the Mole and Jamaica, and once or twice to Philadelphia.
She is well known to many people in this town, some of whom failed under her protection at a time when American vessels were not allowed by their own government to defend themselves. She has been expected at Philadelphia some time; and from the Kingston papers appears to have been regularly advertised, and also cleared at the custom house according to the established laws of that island. It therefore is surprising what has induced the commander of the Constitution to seize this ship—her motley crew is no proof of her sailing with piratical intentions; nothing is more common for vessels arriving from Jamaica than to be thus situated. Vessels of war cruise under all kinds of colours—neither of the above indicate any thing militating against the law of nations, nor is her re-capturing the Jamaica ships Favourite and Bulby Park, any thing but in her favor—What constitutes her guilt remains then to be determined. The crew, however, are said to be put in irons—the vessel is detained, that is the sum of the story; for what no body knows.
Capt. N's intentions may have been and certainly are praiseworthy, but it is to be feared on investigation, his vigilance and bravery, in capturing this vessel, may have placed him in a dilemma not very agreeable.
WASHINGTON, October 1.
HIGHLY IMPORTANT.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Philadelphia to his friend in this town, dated September, 22.
"There has arrived a Consul from France who states, that Mr. GERRY has obtained all he demanded from the DIRECTORY and that if the American Government should strike them on the one cheek they will turn the other also, for they say, and justly too, that it is Britain that is at the bottom of our proceedings, but she and the faction shall be deceived, for France WILL NOT go to WAR with us—I believe you may rely on this."
Lexington, October 17.
Agreeable to appointment the officers of three of the regiments under the command of Gen. Robert Todd, after returning from the muster ground, met at Mr. BRENT's to partake of a repast provided for the occasion. An uncommon degree of harmony prevailed amongst them.—The following are the toasts which were drank:—
1. The United States of America. 2. The Western world:—perpetual union on principles of equality. 3. The navigation of the Mississippi at a y price but that of liberty 4. Harmony with France and Spain, and a reciprocity of good offices. 5. The congress of the United States—May wisdom, firmness, and a sacred regard to the principles of the constitution govern their proceedings.
6. Energetic government on democratic principles.
7. Trial by jury: the liberty of the press: and no standing army.
8. May the Atlantic states be just, the Western states be free, and all be happy.
9. The memory of departed heroes and patriots.
10. No paper money: no tender laws: and no legislative interference in private contracts.
11. Thomas Jefferson, and the virtuous minority in congress.
12. May all men in office remember that they are the servants, and not the masters of the people.
13. No alliance offensive & defensive with any foreign power.
14. Edward Livingston & Albert Gallatin.
15. A well regulated militia, the only proper mode of national defence.
16. The commonwealth of Kentucky, the 15th luminary of the American constellation—May it reflect upon the original states the light it has borrowed from them.
VOLUNTEER.
John Nicholai, James Madison, John Fowler, Thomas Davis, and the other steady friends of liberty.
YELLOW FEVER.
The arrival of every mail brings us a melancholy proof of the increase of the prevailing malady in the city of Philadelphia; and unless something intervenes to arrest its rapid strides, we have reason to fear the city will be entirely depopulated, and left a solitary relict of its malignity.
Deaths in the city and suburbs, from Sept. 10th to the 26th, 506—of whom 57 were children.
The fever likewise increases in New York and Wilmington. It appears to be at a stand in the other places where it has made its appearance.
Mr. Bradford:
I HAVE often been told that a paper published in Philadelphia, under the title of "Porcupine's Gazette," is not only patronized by the friends of the present administration, but that great pains are taken to circulate it through the different states. What credit ought to be attached to any publications in that paper, will readily occur to the citizens of Kentucky, on reading the following extracts, taken from it, under date of the 21st of September, 1798.
A SUBSCRIBER.
"At Lexington (Kentucky) a mob assembled on the 24th of July, with a fellow of the name of FISHBACK at their head; they got pen, ink, and paper, and to work they went, drawing up resolves to the number of ten, amongst which is the following one, which, for sentiment as well as orthography, is unequalled even in the annals of American Democracy.
"Resolv'd that thar es fuffhunt re- "sen too beeleeve and wee doe beeleeve "that our leebeerte es in daingur and "wee plege ouerselves too echeother "and too ouer cuntery that wee will "defende um agenst awl unconftitu- "tional ataks that mey bee mede upon "um."
"[Grand discovery! Bold patriots! Elegant writers!—If these sagacious and learned citizens had assembled in any place, where there had been a fin-
gle magistrate of spirit and good sense, he would have dispersed them by his constables, and thereby spared his country the disgrace, which their barbarous resolves are calculated to reflect on it. If this Kentucky newspaper were to fall into the hands of a person totally unacquainted with the rest of America, he would take us all for a fort of savages; and, in fact, the Kentuckians do appear to be just civilized enough to be the tools of faction, and that's all. They are something like the wild Irish, who have every thing of the savage about them but his sobriety and sincerity. If the more civilized part of the Kentuckians do not stomach this comparison, let them enable us make one more in their favour by working a reform in the manners of their hordes."
Attention!
THE Members of the Fayette Troop of Light Horse are requested to meet at Mr. M c Nair's tavern, on Saturday Evening next at six o'clock, on business of consequence to the Troop.
† Lexington, October 15, 1798.
The Lexington Races
WILL certainly commence on the twenty-fifth inst. agreeably to the first notice;—that of changing the time to the second Thursday in November, as published in the Herald of yesterday, was done without the knowledge or consent of
THE SUBSCRIBERS. Lexington, October 16, 1798.
A SUNDAY SCHOOL
IS now open at Col. Patterson's old house on High street, for the use of the people of Color. Those who wish to have their servants taught, will please to send a line, as none will be received without.
N. B. There is no expences attending those who send.
FIFTEEN DOLLARS REWARD. RANAWAY from the subscriber, living near the mouth of Hickman, Garrard county, a likely young negro fellow, about twenty one years of age, five feet eight or nine inches high, a well set fellow; had on when he went away, a hemp linen shirt and trowsers, a wool hat, red cloth jacket, and new shoes. Any person taking up said negro, and delivering him to me, or secure him in any jail, so that I get him again, shall have the above reward, paid by me,
SAMUEL RENSHAW. October 8th 1798. 3w*
For Sale,
A NEGRO GIRL, ABOUT twelve years old, as likely as any in the state, and as free from faults; inquire at capt. Marshall's Tavern in Lexington.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, living on Cane run, Scott county, near Johnsons mill, an iron gray mare, two hind feet white, blaze face, branded thus \frac{+}{+} , fourteen and a half hands high, three years old, appraised to 151.
JAMES SUGGETT. October 8th, 1798.
PARIS DISTRICT, October term, 1798. James Dupuy, complainant,
AGAINST Samuel Henderson, Andrew Mitchel, John Parviance and Jeremiah Frame, defendants.
IN CHANCERY.
THE defendants Samuel Henderson and Andrew Mitchel, not having entered their appearance, herein agreeably to the act of assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this commonwealth—on the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the third day of the next March term, and answer the complainants bill, and that a copy of this order be inserted in the Kentucky Gazette for two months successively, and another posted at the front door of the court house, and the Presbyterian meeting house, in Paris, some Sunday immediately after divine service.
(A Copy)
THOMAS ARNOLD, clk.
TAKE NOTICE.
A PETITION will be presented to the next general assembly, for the division of Warren county. August 20, 1798.

SACRED TO THE MUSES.
From the OBSERVATORY.
[Inserted by desire.]
A SONG.
To the tune of Alcknomack.
LET the French or the English invade our coasts, Let them send from afar their embattled hosts, We will make them regret that they e'er cross'd the waves, For the sons of Columbia will never be slaves.
And we're likewise determin'd with firmness to oppose, Our equally dangerous internal foes; We will ev'ry attempt on our liberties brave. For no son of Columbia will e'er be a slave.
We care not what arm our liberty blights, If Adams himself dare infringe our rights, We tell him aloud he is seeking his grave, For no son of Columbia will e'er be a slave.
But he who will not to these maxims agree, To defend every right and to die or live free, He meanly his birth-right to liberty waves, Such sons of Columbia deserve to be slaves.
ORIGINAL ANECDOTE.
IN this dry season, many families are under the necessity of having their corn ground at horse-mills,—some of which are kept constantly going day and night. A keeper of one of those mills, by constant attendance on his customers for a considerable time, felt a very great inclination to take a nap; accordingly one evening he lay down in his mill, and in a few minutes fell into a gentle slumber. He had not long enjoyed this agreeable repose, when the calls of a new customer reached his ear. Resolved, however, not to pay any attention to him, he again composed himself to rest; but his customer, whose want of bread was, perhaps, equal the miller's want of sleep, employed himself very diligently in thumping the door and hallooing for the miller, who for a few minutes endured the noise, but finding himself unable to sleep, with such a monitor at his door, jumped up in a rage, and exclaimed in a voice which drowned that of his customer,—'G—d n you! I wish John Adams would send the "Gag-Bill" here and stop your cursed mouth.'
LAWSON M'CULLUGH, TAILOR.
HAVING lately started on a journey, has since returned, and continues following his business with dispatch and punctuality, and on reasonable terms, at his shop on High Street, opposite the court house.
4t Lexington, Oct. 5.
FOR SALE,
AT Fairview, in Woodford county, on the first day of November, a Compleat stock of Horses, consisting of Mares, Fillies and Colts, of best blood and figure. Some of the geldings are excellent for the saddle. Also, Household Furniture, stock of Cattle, Sheep, &c. with a quantity of Corn. The above will be sold for cash or twelve months credit, as will be most agreeable.
SIMEON BUFORD.
The famous Horse UNION will be sold at the same time and place. 3t October 5.
PUBLIC NOTICE.
WILL be sold at public auction, on the first day of November next, at the late dwelling house of John Young, deceased, in Fayette county on Hickman creek, all the Personal Estate of the said deceased, consisting of a number of fine Horses, Brood Mares, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, Wheat, Rye, Corn, Hemp, Plantation Tools, Household and Kitchen Furniture, a large quantity of Whiskey, and an elegant Riding Carriage. Also, a number of Negroes, of every description, will be sold by consent of the Legatees—together with a number of other articles, too tedious to mention. Six months credit will be given, on the purchaser giving bond and approved security to the Executors for all sums over five pounds—for all sums under five pounds the ready money will be required. The sale to begin at ten o'clock and continue from day to day until the whole is sold.
Ambrose Young, } Executors H. Harrison, }
Will be rented at the same time, two good Farms, and an equal interest in a Grist and Saw Mill, by Sally Young, guardian for John and Coleby Young. Oct. 8, 1798. 3t
The following is inserted by request, in answer to Mr. Robert Watkins's publication in our paper of the 6th and 13th of June last.
MR. PRENTIS,
I request you will insert in your paper the following statement and affidavit, which have been transmitted to Mr. Davis, for publication.
WILLIAM DOUGLAS.
May 1, 1798.
Petersburg, April 28, 1798.
MR. DAVIS,
I OBSERVE that Robert Watkins hath thought proper to publish in your Gazette of the 24th inst. a vindication of his conduct relative to his purchase of capt. Gill's military lands, with a full knowledge of my having previously bought them. The following few observations, and the subjoining affidavit of a disinterested and respectable witness, will enable the public to judge whether I was not warranted by every principle of prudence with respect to myself, and of propriety towards others, to publish the caution, of which he pretends to complain.
That E. Gill conveyed to me his right to the military land in question the deed itself will clearly prove; that it was in trust for the purposes therein specified is not denied, but the nature of the business will shew, that this circumstance did not authorize the interference of Watkins. Gill himself had not a completely legal title to the land—he had not a patent for it—it had only been surveyed, but the surveys had not even been taken out of the surveyor general's office.—He had himself therefore, but an imperfect title—and all he could convey to me was this inechoate and incomplete title, with full power and authority to have it completed by obtaining a patent.—This conveyance did Gill make to me, and this authority he did delegate to me in the most ample and unequivocal manner, declaring in the said deed, that "it was delegated without any power of revocation." That Watkins had a full knowledge of this conveyance, and irrevocable authority, is undeniable—he seems to admit it in his advertisement. Could he then be duly authorized by Gill, or any other person but myself, to interfere in this business or to take out the surveys, after I had refused to employ him as my agent therein? He never informed me before he went to Kentucky, that he had made or was about to make an agreement with Gill, about the said land—I could not even suspect such a thing. If Watkins under his agreement with Gill, had taken out the surveys out of the surveyor's office, and procured a patent, before I procured one, my title would most certainly have been defeated, my authority nugatory, and my claims entirely lost. As I had but an equitable title, if Watkins obtained a legal title before I did, I could never recover against him, except in a court of equity, where I must prove that he had previous notice of my claim, and even there I was advised, that I could not succeed against an innocent purchaser without notice of my right. When I received notice from Kentucky, that he had taken out the surveys for 3000 acres of the land, alleging himself to be owner or partner thereof, had I not reasons to apprehend, that my title would be defeated? I did not know Watkins's motives or intentions. If he obtained a patent, and sold the land to an innocent purchaser, unacquainted with my claim, I could never recover it in law or equity. I therefore apprized the public of my title, merely to secure myself against injury, but by no means to injure the reputation of Watkins or of any other person. If he had candidly and openly informed me that he had bought Capt. Gill's interest in the land, subject to my claim, I should have been perfectly satisfied, but as I was not apprized of this, I ask every man of candor and common sense, whether it was not natural and reasonable for me to apprehend that the intrusions of Watkins might eventually deprive me of the means (vested in me by the said deed) of doing myself justice.
He says that he repeatedly offered to discharge my incumbrance against the said land. He carefully omits to say, when he made these offers; I most solemnly declare that he never made any explicit offers to discharge my claim till since the publication of my "Caution" to the public—before that he only offered in vague and indirect terms to buy my claim, but he carefully concealed from me, that he
had made or was about to make an agreement with Gill, for the land, or that he then had the surveys in his possession. I deny that I ever requested him to ride from Richmond to Petersburg for papers relative to the land.—After his first applications, I only told him, that he might call again, if he chose; but nothing was positively determined upon.
My letter of the 31st of August, which he calls to his aid, will clearly prove, that I acted with candor and propriety towards Capt. Gill, and is, together with a copy of the deed from him to me, herewith sent, in order to be deposited in your office, for the inspection of those who may wish to peruse them.
As to what E. Gill has thought proper to announce to the public on this subject, I will only say, that it is as incorrect in point of fact, as it is indelicate in point of expression.
WILLIAM DOUGLAS.
Having been for some years past employed in Mr. Wm. Douglas's business, I am well acquainted with the transaction between him and capt. Erasmus Gill, respecting the military land of the latter, and at his request do give the following candid, impartial and true statement of facts, relating to it, according to the best of my knowledge and memory. That he the said Mr. D. at all times professed, and I am convinced his only object in taking the deed for that land was to secure himself as therein specified, without a view to speculation—to that purpose he wrote Capt. G. the 31st of August last, but to which, within my knowledge, he had no reply, nor heard any thing concerning it until the beginning of this month. That sometime in August or September last, Mr. Robert Watkins made application or spoke to Mr. D. more than once to undertake the agency respecting the securing of and completing the title to the land—the express words used at the time, I do not recollect, except (& what even Mr. W. acknowledged in my presence, again the 12th inst.) "that as he was going to Kentucky, and had been informed of Mr. D's. having a claim to some lands in the Western territory, he would, if Mr. D. did choose it, undertake to look after and do the necessary concerning it, saying you had better give me a good price to do your business; and on Mr. D's. enquiring what he asked for his trouble, he replied, his price was 50 dolls. viz. 40 dolls. to be paid him then in hand, in consideration of the trouble he should be at for enquiring and looking after the land, and 10 dollars at his return, if he should bring all the necessary vouchers or papers to complete the title thereto." I also believe, that at the same time Mr. D. did shew Mr. W. Capt. G's. deed to him; however, am sure that he shewed him a copy of the entry made on Col. Anderson's, the surveyor general of that country, books concerning the location of the land, and soon after this conversation Mr. W. wrote him on the subject.
Since Mr. W's. return from the western country, I have seen Mr. W. different times at Mr. D's. and have heard Mr. D. mention, that Mr. W. had called on him indirectly to buy up his claim against Capt. G's land, at which he seemed pleased. About the 1st inst. I understood that Mr. W. had bought the land from Capt. G. at which Mr. D. seemed surprised, as he had not the least information from either of the parties respecting it. Soon after Mr. D. received a letter from Kentucky, with an extract of a letter from Col. Anderson, mentioning that Mr. W. had taken out of his office the surveys for 3000 acres of the said land, saying he was either owner or part owner thereof; this alarmed Mr. D. who called immediately on Capt. G. to know, if he had made any bargain with Mr. W. about the land, if Mr. W. had taken out the surveys, and if he had indorsed them to him; on which, as Mr. D. informed me, Capt. G. told him he had. Mr. D. fearing his interest might be materially affected by these transactions, of which he had been kept ignorant, and more especially, as Mr. W. had possessed himself of the surveys without his knowledge or authority, (which by the deed was invested in him alone) and had got Cap. G's indorsement thereon, he had the caution of the 3d inst. inserted in the papers. A few days after its appearing Mr. W. called on Mr. D. to settle the affair, when Mr. D. upbraided him with taking out the warrants without his
authority, and concealing from him his intention of paying the land or of his having the surveys, and told him, that if he had come forward openly, he might have had a relinquishment of his claims at all times with Capt. G's approbation, and on being properly secured agreeable to the intents and purposes of the deed. Mr. W. replied, that he considered himself under no obligation to make Mr. D. acquainted with these things, that he had authority sufficient satisfactory for him, that the deed was merely a trust and the equitable right to the land remained with Capt. G. and that he had agreed with Capt. G. to pay off the claim, which Mr. D. had, which he was acquainted with before he went to the western country; he further said, that he had called more than once on Mr. D. to take up his claim against Capt. G. but not to buy it up. Mr. W. then made proposals of payment at some period to Mr. D. of his claims against Capt. G. on his conveying to him his right to the land, on which Mr. D. said he could not or would not do any thing without Capt. G's assent in writing, observing at the same time that a report was spread, that Mr. W. had made him a tender of money for his claim against Capt. G. which Mr. W. knew himself not to be the case, and then Mr. D. desired me to be a witness, that he now called upon Mr. W. if he would pay him the full amount of his claims against Capt. G. conformable to the tenor of the deed he would reconvey to Capt. G. the title to the military land, which being agreed to by Mr. W. and Capt. G's assent in writing obtained, Mr. W. on the 14th inst. settled Mr. D's claim against Capt. G. and Mr. D. gave a release to Capt. G. of his right to the land—and in consequence of this settlement Mr. D. had the caution of the 3d inst. discontinued.
U. MARCK.
April 28th, 1798.
The subscriber wishes to hire (do you hear,) N. GRO MEN, EIGHT OR TEN, To work at Man's Lick the ensuing year. JOHN SPEED.
September 20, 1798. 6t
TAKE NOTICE,
THAT on Wednesday 24th, October 1798, I shall attend with the commissioners appointed by the court of Harrison county, on Indian creek, at the house of Jacob Buzzard, to perpetuate the testimony of certain witnesses in order to establish a claim of 1000 acres of land, entered and surveyed in the name of the subscriber and to do such other acts as may be deemed necessary and agreeable to law.
JAMES DUPUY.
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
RANAWAY from the subscriber, about the 12th of September, two negro men, one about twenty two years of age, named Ephraim, a yellow fellow about five feet eight or nine inches high, has lost about half of one of his feet, and the toes from the other, by being frostbitten. The other about nineteen years of age, named Nat, a very black fellow, something smaller than Ephraim, has remarkable thick lips; The above reward will be given to any person who will secure said slaves in any jail in this state, or deliver them to the subscriber on Silver creek, Madison county.
WILLIAM WALKER.
October 4th, 1798. 3w
JEFFERSON J.
JULY TERM, 1798.
John Collett complainant, Against Robert Coleman, defendant.
THE defendant not having entered his appearance herein, agreeably to law and the rules of this court; and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state: on the motion of the complainant, by his counsel, it is ordered that the defendant appear here on the first day of the next court, and answer the bill of the complainant: that a copy of this order be published, according to law, in one of the public Gazettes of this state: that a copy thereof be published at Geo. Hoke's on Beargrass, on some Sunday or other day immediately after divine service shall be performed, and that another copy thereof be posted on the front door of this court house.
(A copy.) Telfe WORDEN POPE, Clerk.

C. FREEMAN, 38 FOR SALE.
PHYSICIAN & SURGEON, Late of the Indian towns, from the North-Western Territory of the United States, now at Lexington in Kentucky.
RESPECTFULLY informs the public, that he has been regularly bred to the art of PHYSIC and SURGERY, studied three and an half years with doctor Laurence, V. D. Veer, an eminent practitioner, and late president of the medical society of the state of New-Jersey; attended doctor William Shippen's lectures on anatomy, surgery and midwifery, in the city of Philadelphia—received a license to practice as a physician and surgeon throughout the state of New-Jersey, 13th of August, 1785, from the honorable David Brearly and Isaac Smith, two of the justices of the supreme court of the state of New-Jersey, agreeable to an act passed 25th November, 1783, by the council and general assembly of that state, for regulating the practice of physic and surgery.
Since which time, he has travelled through twenty-two different tribes of Indians, among whom he has resided nearly four years, and made it his constant study to investigate and find out the virtues of all kinds of herbs, roots, plants and simples, used by them in the curing of diseases; by which means he has made a number of valuable discoveries in the healing art, and now (with the blessing of God) cures and gives relief in most diseases incident to the human body—viz. Fevers, inflammations, eruptions, hemorrhages, fluxes, fits, cramps, convulsions, head-aches, fore-eyes, bleeding at the nose, colds, coughs, pain in the breast, spitting of blood, pains in the stomach, indigestion, night sweats, inward debilities, low spirits, vapours in men, histerics in women, difficulty of making water, bloody urine, coliveness and rheumatism, effectually destroys worms, cures fist and wandering pains arising in different parts of the body, the effects of the improper use of mercury, green wounds, old sores, ulcers, burns, scalds, cankers, scald-head in children, piles and fistulas, the whites in women, and all seminal weaknesses in both sexes; the bite of the viper, rattle snake, and all venomous bites effectually cured.
The many cures performed within four years past, which will fully appear (to any gentleman who will please to call upon him, being too lengthy for this paper) by papers and vouchers of cures performed, now in his hands, properly attested, and whose authenticity cannot be denied, flatters himself is sufficient to convince the public that he has been successful in curing diseases, and that this is not intended as an imposition upon mankind.
I WILL SELL OR RENT The house lately occupied by Mr. David Humphreys in this place. K. M'COY. Lexington, Aug. 22, 1798.
FOR SALE, Forty thousand acres of LAND, ON LICKING.
3,350, ditto in Jefferson county, on the waters of Bear Grass. 1000 acres of a pre-emption in Shelby county, Foxe's run. 400 acres adjoining the pre-emption. 1000 acres on the Ohio, Jefferson county. 2,500 on the Ohio, Mason county. 2000 do. do. 4000 acres on the Beech Fork, Nelson county. 2,333 1-3 acres on Fern creek, Jefferson county. 7000 acres on Rough creek, Hardin county. 4,300 acres in Mason county, on the Ohio. 450 acres on Green-river, Lincoln county. 750 acres on Cox's creek, Nelson county. 1000 do. near the Kentucky river, Woodford county.
The greater part of the above lands I will sell very low for the next crop of tobacco, wheat, flour, hemp or merchandise. SAMUEL P. DUVALL. April 1st, 1798.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, on the waters of the Brushy fork of Hinkston, Bourbon county, a 3 year old mare, about thirteen hands high, a kind of strawberry roan, all its feet white, white face, no brand perceivable, appraised to 61. 10. SAMUEL CRAWFORD. June 15th, 1798. Ptp
FOUR hundred and twenty-four acres of LAND, lying on the Main branch of Licking, patented and surveyed in the year 1788—the title indisputable. For terms apply to the subscriber at Capt. William Allen's, Lexington. ROBERT BRADLEY.
Dr. ESSEX, PHYSICIAN, SURGEON, AND MAN MID WIFE, A PUPIL of the late Dr. John Hunter of London, announces to his friends and the public, his intention of practising in the several departments of his profession. Lexington, Sept. 10, 1798.
N. B. Dr. Essex resides in the house formerly occupied by Mr. Seitz, at that end of the town of Lexington which leads out to Frankfort. TOBACCO MANUFACTORY.
THE subscriber informs his friends and the public in general, that he continues to carry on the manufactory of tobacco, in all its various branches, equal to any in this state, nearly opposite lawyer Hughes's, on Main street, where he intends to have a quantity ready for sale, wholesale and retail. Those gentlemen who please to favor him with their custom may be supplied on the shortest notice. A considerable credit will be given, when purchased wholesale, by giving bond with approved security. JACOB LAUDEMAN. Lexington, Jan. 15, 1798.
FOR SALE, ALL the lands belonging to John Cockey Owings, in this state.—Also his share in the Iron Works—for terms apply to B. VANPRADELLES, attor. in fact for John Cockey Owings.
I have For Sale
A PLANTATION on South Licking one mile above Cynthia, equal to any in this state, for beauty, soil, water and situation: There is comfortable buildings for a family, on the place. One third money, and two thirds in negroes, will be taken, if it will accommodate the purchasers.—The quantity is two hundred acres. Also another plantation near Frankfort, equal in soil, situation and improvements—for which I will take military lands, on or below Big Barren river. The titles to those two plantations are indisputable.
I will also exchange 300 acres near lower M'Afee's, for similar military lands.
I have just received a handsome assortment of MERCHANDIZE, Including GROCERIES, which I will sell low, in Paris, where information may be had of the subscriber, with respect to the aforesaid lands and plantations. John Edwards.
Nelson County, April 17, 1798. STOLEN from the subscriber, living in Poplar Neck, about seven miles from Bairdsdown, a grey Horse, about six years old, and about fourteen hands three inches high, branded on the near shoulder and buttock thus G. R. he is heavy bodied, tho' of a good spirit, a natural trotter, has two spots, one on each hip, one of which is darker and the other lighter than his natural color, his two hind feet and part of his legs are white, has some saddle spots. Any person bringing the said horse to the subscriber, or securing him, so that he may get him again, shall receive twenty dollars reward and reasonable charges. DAVID REID 3t$3
TAKEN up by the subscriber, living on Hickman, a dark bay mare, about twelve years old, branded thus P. F. on shoulder and buttock, her off hind foot white, and a star in her forehead, had on about a 55. bell branded with a W. appraised to 30l. has a bay spring colt, with three white feet. Wm. Mays. July, 1798.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, living in Scott county, near Georgetown, a sorrel mare, about fourteen years old, small blaze in her forehead, no brand before, no brand; she has a black stud colt, with white legs and bald face, two years old next spring—both appraised to 15l. Geo. Oldham. June, 1798.
CASTINGS FOR SALE.
THE subscriber will sell a quantity of CASTINGS, at the most reduced prices by the ton. TOBACCO will be taken in payment. Those who wish to purchase, or exchange for the aforesaid article, had best apply soon, as he intends leaving this country for a short time. JOHN A. SEITZ. Lexington, October 1, 1798.
A TAVERN.
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS lately opened in the town of Harrodsburgh, in the house lately occupied by Palmer and miles, a house of ENTERTAINMENT, and is well provided with beds and bedding, and with every other article necessary to render the accommodation of travellers comfortable. He hopes by his attention to his guests, he will obtain a share of the public patronage. RICHARD DAVENPORT. Harrodsburgh, Oct. 1, 1798.
Ready Money
GIVEN FOR GOOD CLEAN MERCHANTABLE WHEAT, Delivered at my Mill, three miles below Lexington. THOMAS LEWIS. September 29th, 1798.
Will be exposed to Public Sale.
AT Bourbon court-house, on the 22d day of October next, and to continue by adjournment, until the whole is sold, the following tracts of land, or so much of each tract as will satisfy the tax and interest due thereon, to the commonwealth of Kentucky.
Stephen Jett, 120, Fork Hinkston. John Wilson, 8000, waters Licking. James Newell, 400 Stoners fork do. William Turnbull, 2000, Hinkstons fork; 6375, south side Main Licking. Thomas F. Bates, 4127 1-2 waters Licking. James Getting, 2000, on Licking. Francis E. Harris, 366, Hinkstons fork. Henry Cox, 260, do. 1000, do. 1500, Branch Licking; 1500, do. Reuben Searcy, 2340, supd. Harrod's lick; 2150, Sycamore forest. John O'Conner, 1000, Buck-horn creek. Saml. Ford, 12000, Main south fork Licking. Christopher Ford, 1000, do. Obadiah Clarke, 4000, do. John Booker, 4000, do. James Jenkins, 8000, do. Lewis Ford, 11000, do. James Trabue, 1700, Indian creek; 142, Hinkston; 182, waters Licking; 358, Stoner; 600, do. William Shepherd, 729, Hinkston. James Cleveland's heirs, 1000, Green creek. John M'Call, 1000, waters Licking. Michael Yates, 250, Middle fork do. John C. Owings, 650, Hinkston; 66, do. 1000, do. 140, do. 800, Johnstons fork; 250, North Elkhorn; 1000, Hinkston. John Netherland, 1333 1-3 south fork Licking. Edward Walton, 1000, Brush fork waters. Thomas Walton, 1000, F. fame. Philip Pendleton, 2000, waters Licking. Joshua Gist, 1000 Hinkston; 600, Licking. Ambrose Rucker, 2850, Somerset, Taylors fork Kentucky. Rejon Virgin, 1000, Hinkstons fork Licking. Thomas M. Fleming, 2500, on Sandy. William R. Fleming, 3500, M. run. John Tyler, 1200, Lick waters; 1200, Licking. Philip Kress, 400, south fork Licking. George Payne, 868, Licking. Edward Watkins, 600, so. fork Licking. John Cartwright, 750, near Harrod's lick. Saml. Todd, 400, Stoners fork Licking. Dickson Marshall, 1000, waters Sandy. John May's devisees and Joseph Jones's assignees, 2000, Grassy creek. John Archer, 42656. Thomas Chinn, 1000, Stoner. Albert Ruffel, 1800, Licking. Thomas Elliott, 2000, south fork Licking. The heirs of John Smith dec. 500. Thomas Jones, 150, Stoner. John Moylan, 10000, waters Big Sandy. Robt. Morris, 2000, Hinkston fork Licking; 2000, do. 3630, do. Saml. Haws's heirs, 2847 1-3, Hinkston; 486, do.
A list of land returned by the Sheriff's of different counties, as lying in Bourbon county.
John Curd, 1000, Indian creek. James Garnett, 900, waters of Licking. William M'Kee, 400. James Cobb, 1000, Licking. Daniel M. Boone, 1000. William Lindsey, 500, Licking. John Price, 500, do. Owen Todd, 400. Thomas Buett, 1259, Licking. Joseph Field, 300, Strodes creek. William Moreman, 147, Pretty run. Lamach Davis, 110, Houston. William Jones 740, Townsend. James
Lanier, 24, Houston. Thomas Garnett, 500, B. fork. Adam Goodlett, 1000. John M'Corde, 1000. Saml. Woile, 175, Stoner. Robert Wilson, 200 Townsend. William Bruse, 70, Flat run. John Daly, 15, Hinkston. Alexander Hinds, 100, do. Samuel Hinds 100, Stoner. John Hinds, 30, do. John Hunt, 100, Flat run. William Kennedy, 880, Beaver creek. John Johnston, 50, Stoner. John Menniers, 100, Hinkston. William Ramsey, 248, Somerset. David Scott, 100, Indian creek. Stophel Sumall, 100, Flat run. Thomas Whitteker, 1000, Townsend; 500, Hinkston. John Peeples, 90. Robert Burton, 4000, waters Licking. James Byers, 551 3-4 Troutmans creek. John Clayton, 434, Hinkston. William Meriwether, 9450; 9187 1-2; 4396 1-2. John Handley, 1000, Slate creek. James Garnett, 700, Licking. Nathaniel Henderson, 800, Hinkston. Thomas Reed, 2000, Licking. Jesse Anderson, 835. Chapman Austin, 1100, waters Hinkston. Daniel Henry, 15000, Licking. Ambrose Barber, 3000. Martin Pickett, 3750. Abraham Shepherd, 1000; 1000; 531; 1000; 1000. Willoughby Tibbs, 1000, Licking; 500, do. John Dorham, 170, do. John Davis, 719, Licking. John Gibson, 8618, Slate; 605, do. 777, do. Thomas Marshall sen. 7500, Hinkston. Robert Buckner, 6500.
The proprietors, or their agents, of any of the aforesaid tracts of land, having any lawful credits for the payment of the tax and interest of any of the the lands aforesaid, are requested to forward them to the subscriber, before the day of sale, that they may have credit for the same. W. Morrow, for John M'Kinney, late Shff. September 18th, 1798.
** The sale to commence at 12 o'clock.
Last Notice.
LITTLE, or no attention, having been paid to the advertisement on the dissolution of the partnership of SAMUEL PRICE & Co.
they give this further notice to all who have open accounts standing in their books, that they now keep a clerk on high wages, for the express purpose of adjusting the same; and that if those who are indebted to them do not come forward immediately and make payment, or give bonds or notes for their balances, they may be assured that their accounts will be placed in the hands of proper officers to enforce the collection of the same. Lexington, Sept. 12, 1798
WHEREAS I passed my bond to a certain Richard Stevens, of Caroline county, Virginia, for forty pounds worth of property—given in March, 1794; I hereby forwarn all persons from taking an assignment on that bond, as I am determined not to pay it unless the law compels me, as he did not comply with the contract which was made between us. THOS. HAWES. October 8, 1798. 3t$
TO BE SOLD, SADDLERS' TACKS,
Of all sizes, at the subscriber's Nail Manufactory in Lexington. T. HART. September 23, 1798. 4w.
612 Hamilton J. P. Moore, Late from England, and regularly bred to SURGERY.
TAKES this method to inform the public, that he may be spoken with at Captain Hawkins's store in Georgetown. He professes the curing Cancers, the King's Evil, the Venereal disease, Rheumatic complaints, and all kinds of old Sores. He will furnish (of his own making,) the
Genuine British Oil, on more reasonable terms than it has hitherto been sold in this state. Such poor people as may need his assistance, and who are unable to pay, will be attended to gratis.
The Kentucky English Grammar, May be had at the Office of the Kentucky Gazette.

TROTTER & SCOTT,
HAVING determined to make a full settlement of all accounts from their commencement in business in this country until the present date, earnestly request all those indebted to them, either by bond, note or book account, to come forward and make immediate payment, as the nature of their business will not admit of longer delay. They therefore hope, they shall be prevented from the disagreeable necessity of commencing suits against any.
Lexington, December 19, 1797.
Five Dollars Reward.
WAS stolen or broke out of my stable in Lexington, on Thursday night, the 29th December last, a likely forrel mare, 14 and a half hands high, 7 or 8 years old, with a small star and snip, both hind legs white, branded thus W. on the near shoulder and buttock, but not very plain, her tail pretty bunchy, has the appearance of being worked. Whoever will deliver said mare to me shall receive the above reward and reasonable charges.
H. MILVAIN.
Lexington, March 9, 1798.
THE SUBSCRIBERS
HAVE just imported, and now opened for sale, a large and very general assortment of MERCHANDIZE, Well calculated to all seasons; which they will sell on very low terms for cash.
TROTTER & SCOTT.
N. B. the subscribers have imported a large quantity of well assorted bar iron, and also have a constant supply of callings and salt.
WILLIAM ROSS, BOOT AND SHOE MAKER.
RESPECTFULLY informs the public in general, and his friends in particular, that he is carrying on the said business in the brick house on Short street, opposite the Presbyterian meeting-house, and nearly opposite the Market house, Lexington, in its various branches. He wants one or two apprentices, that can come well recommended. 52w
Just arrived from New-Orleans, A quantity of high proof JAMAICA SPIRITS; Also a quantity of
BEST HAVANNAH SUGAR, Which will be sold on low terms.—Apply to A. HOLMES. Lexington, May 26, 1798.
THE partnership of ROBERT BARR, & Co. is this day dissolved, all persons indebted to the firm, will see the necessity of calling immediately and settling off their balances to the subscriber, as no further indulgence can be given. tf. ROBERT BARR. Lexington, March 15, 1798.
LATELY RE-PUBLISHED. A Short and Easy Method with the DEISTS.
ALSO, The Truth of Christianity DEMONSTRATED.
Both these performances are now comprised in one pamphlet, and are for sale at John Bradford's Printing Office, and several of the stores in Lexington.
They were written by the celebrated Dr. Charles Leslie; have been recommended by some of the most eminent defenders of the Christian Religion, and are esteemed by many equal to any publications on that subject which are not much more voluminous.
At the said office may likewise be had, Dr. Watson's APOLOGY for the BIBLE.
Just published by John Bradford, and for sale at his office, Lexington, and at the office of John Bradford & Son, Frankfort, Price 18d.
EXTRACTS from the REVENUE LAWS of the UNITED STATES.
Comprehending such parts of the excise laws—laws laying duties on licenses for selling wines &c.—on riding carriages,—on property sold at auction—and on stamps, as appears best calculated for the information of such as have not an opportunity of perusing the laws of the general government.
ALSO, (Price 4d.) A FEW COPIES OF THE STAMP DUTIES,
Printed on thick paper, and calculated to be fitted into a pocket book.
FOUND, NEAR LEXINGTON, AND left at this office, A BLACK LEATHER POCKET BOOK: by the papers it contains, it appears to belong to Samuel Whitlock—the owner may get it by applying to the printer, and paying for this advertisement.
THE subscriber respectfully informs the public, that all kinds of
Copper and Tin work
are made and repaired at his shop in Lexington, opposite the office of the Kentucky Gazette, where the highest price is given for old Copper, Brass, Pewter and Lead. Those who will please to favor him with their custom, shall have their work done in the best manner, on the most moderate terms and on the shortest notice. tf THOMAS REID.
THE public are hereby informed, that the Fulling and Dying business, will be carried on in the neatest and best manner, at major John Morrison's Fulling mill five & a half miles from Lexington, on the Tates creek road; cloth will be received at Mr. George Anderson's store in Lexington, near the market house, on the first day of every Fayette court, from and after October court, and returned the following, if there is a supply of water. Every endeavor will be used to give satisfaction to those who may please to favor me with their custom. A journeyman Fuller wanted at said mill. WILLIAM CAMPBELL, Fuller. September 1st, 1798. paid 7w
THE Managers of the Lexington Lodge Lottery have appointed James Bliss, esq. attorney at law, to settle the lottery business in my absence. Those indebted will please to make immediate payment, otherwise suits will certainly be commenced without discrimination. TH. BODLEY. August 30, 1798. tf
ALEXANDER PARKER,
HAS JUST IMPORTED FROM PHILADELPHIA, And now opening, on Main street, opposite the court house, a very extensive
Assortment of Dry Goods, Groceries, Hard Ware, Glass, Queens & China Ware;
which he will sell on moderate terms for Cash. Lexington, Sept. 24, 1798.
JOHN JORDAN, JUN. HAS JUST RECEIVED A LARGE QUANTITY OF MADEIRA, } SHERRY, } LISBON, } WINES. PORT, }
ALSO, SPIRITS AND BRANDY, Of a superior quality, which he purposes selling very low for Cash.
NOTICE,
THAT application will be made to the county court of Washington county, at their February court next ensuing, for leave to establish a town on my land, lying on the Beech fork of Salt river at the mouth of Cartwright's creek, at the place now called Parker's Tavern.
RICHARD PARKER. September 14th, 1798. tisd
RAN AWAY from the subscriber on Tuesday the 14th of August last, a stout well made negro man, named Harry, about twenty four years of age, at least six feet high, a remarkable black fellow, when spoken to he expresses himself badly, I expect he will endeavour to pass for a free man. I will give fifteen dollars to any person that may put him in jail, so that I get him again, or twenty dollars if delivered to me living in Jefferson, two miles from the Spring station. EDWARD LIGHTFOOT. September 24th, 1798. 13w
NOTICE.
MR. John Kercheval, or myself will attend with the commissioners appointed by the court of Mason county, under an act of assembly entitled "an act to ascertain the boundaries of land and for other purposes," on Monday 29th October next, at an improvement made by William Bartlett, on the north fork of Licking, about three or four miles from Washington, then and there to perpetuate testimony of certain witnesses tending to establish said improvement and do such other things as the law may direct.
JOHN OVERTON.
FAYETTE COUNTY.
August Court of Quarter Sessions, 1798. John Ellis and William Ellis, } Complainants. Executors of William Ellis, deceased, AGAINST John Cobb, Ebenezer Smith Platt, } Defendants. Thomas Dawson, James Tompkins, Humphrey Tompkins and Thomas Carr, in Chancery.
THE defendant John Cobb, not having entered his appearance, agreeably to law and the rules of this court, and it appearing, to the satisfaction of the court, that he is no inhabitant of this state; on the motion of the complainants, by their counsel, it is ordered that the said defendant do appear here on the second Monday in November next, and answer the amended bill of the said complainants—that a copy of this order be forthwith published in the Kentucky Gazette for two months successively, and some Sunday immediately after divine service at the door of the Presbyterian meeting house in the town of Lexington, and another copy to be posted at the door of the court house in this county. A Copy. Teste *6s. LEVI TODD, C. F. C.
FOR SALE,
Several Small Tracts of very Valuable LAND, and of incontestible Title, (viz:) MILITARY LANDS IN THE STATE OF TENNESSEE. 360 Acres, comprehending three tracts of 120 acres each, adjoining the southern boundaries of an addition to the town of Clarksville, of the eastern bank of the river Cumberland, with a fine spring of water in each of the said tracts. 40 town lots, and out lots, being part of 56 town lots and out lots in the aforesaid addition to the town of Clarksville. 53 separated-out lots of two acres each, being part of 55 out lots, lying on the east side of the aforesaid addition to the town of Clarksville, reserved for the accommodation of the purchasers of the town lots, during the term of 18 months from November last.
IN THE ILLINOIS GRANT, N. W. TERRITORY. 200 acres, being part of a 500 acre survey No. 126, granted to John Moore, as sergeant of artillery in the Illinois regiment, by a deed of the trustees of said grant.
LANDS LYING NEAR THE VILLAGE KASKASKIAS. In the Illinois district, now county of St. Clair, N. W. Territory, granted by court or commandant for the state of Virginia, in 1783. 1440 acres, viz. 960 in 8 grants of 120 acres—480 in 2 grants of 240 acres joined together on the east side of the river Kaskaskias, opposite the village of the same name. 564 acres bounded on the front by the said river Kaskaskias.
3880 ditto, comprehending 10 grants in the year 1784, lying together on the west side of the river Kaskaskias, above and near the village of the same name.
360 ditto, bounded on the north by the aforesaid 10 grants. Also one lot in the town of Kaskaskias, pleasantly situated near the bank of the river. For further information apply to P. D. ROBERT.
Who has for sale 450 lbs. of very good GUN POWDER. Lexington, April 4, 1798. tf
JOHN JORDAN jun.
HAS just arrived from Philadelphia with a LARGE and EXTENSIVE ASSORTMENT of MERCHANDIZE;
Which he is now opening and will sell whole sale, on moderate terms. Lexington, February 18th, 1798.
ALL persons are hereby cautioned against taking assignments on either of two notes given by me to William Hansford, one for ten dollars, the other for a second rate cow; they were payable, in July last, as I am determined not to pay them until I get a title to land for which they were given to secure payment. BENJAMIN ALDERSON. September 27th 1798. *3w
TAKEN up by the subscriber, near the head of Salt river, Mercer county, a forrel stud colt, 2 years old, about twelve hands high, blaze face two white feet, long tail, appraised to 21. 10. ROBERT CALDWELL. May 1798.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, Clarke county, a brown bay mare, about seven years old, about fourteen hands high, branded on the jaw shoulder and buttock T, shod before, appraised to 91. Also a black horse, about fourteen and a half hands high, four years old, branded H, on the off shoulder and buttock, appraised to 101. JOHN MORGAN, jun.
Notice.
ALL persons indebted to the subscriber are requested to call and pay of their respective balances, as I intend, in a few weeks, to send for a fresh supply of merchandise. Such persons as neglect this notice, may expect to have their accompts put into the hands of proper officers for collection.
Wm. WEST. Lexington, October 10, 1798.
THE SUBSCRIBER.
Has just returned from Philadelphia, with a large and very general assortment of
MERCHANDIZE,
CONSISTING OF Dry Goods, Groceries, Hard Ware, Cutlery, Queen's Ware, &c. &c.
Also an assortment of BOOKS, consisting of Divinity, Law, History, School, Music, Copper-plate Copies, &c.
A large assortment of Ladies' Morocco, Stuff, Leather Shoes and Slippers—all of which will be sold low for Cash.
All those indebted to him by bond, note or book account, are requested to make payment on or before the first day of September next. A compliance with this request will be gratefully remembered by WILL. LEAVY. Lexington, Aug. 13, 1798.
Just Imported,
And now opening, at the corner of Main and Gros streets, opposite the old court-house, a variety of articles, adapted to the present and approaching season, viz.
 An assortment of dry goods,  Loaf, white & brown Sugars,  Hardware & cutlery,  Alspice, cinnamon, ginger &c.  Sad irons, hoe scythes and files,  Allum, copperas, arnatto,  Crockery and glass wares,  A few hundred of excellent logwood.  Japanned do.  Jesuit's bark,  A general assortment of tin do.  Glauber's salts.  Pewter balons, dishes and plates.  Copper tea kettles,  Superfine post and common paper,  Two large and one small still,  School bibles and testaments,  Sheet iron & nail rods,  Spelling books,  Nails & flooring brads, from 3d. to 12d.  Dilworth's assistant.  Window glass, 7 by 9 8 by 10, 9 by 11, 10 by 12,  Mains book-keeping,  A variety of saddlery,  Blank books,  Saddles, saddle bags,  Cherry bounce,  whips and bridles of every description.  Porter,  Also a few excellent double and single trigger rifles.  Wines,  Teas, Coffee, and Chocolate,  Pepper, 
All of which will be disposed of extremely low for cash, by the public's humble servant, NATHAN BURROWS. Lexington, March 8, 1798. *1* A generous price will be given for country hogs,
Fayette County,
August court of Quarter Sessions 1798. Catharine Turner, and Daniel Bryant, administrators of Roger Turner, decd. complainants.
AGAINST Joseph Williams, Defendant.
IN CHANCERY. THE defendant not having entered his appearance agreeable to law and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of this court that he is no inhabitant of this state, on the motion of the complainants by their counsel, it is ordered that the said defendant do appear here on the second Monday in November next and answer the said bill of the said complainants, that a copy of this order be forthwith published in the Kentucky Gazette, for two months successively, and some Sunday immediately after divine service at the door of the Presbyterian meeting house in the town of Lexington, and another copy to be posted at the door of the court house in this county.
(A Copy.) Teste, LEVI TODD, C. F. C.
WHEREAS I gave my bond to Ignatius Pigman, of Hardin county, for seven hundred and fifty dollars—five hundred dollars to be paid October 10, 1797, and two hundred and fifty to be paid on the tenth day of October, 1798—this bond was given for three hundred and seventy-five acres of land, lying in Hardin county, and I am credibly informed there is a better title to said land; this is to caution all persons from taking an assignment of said bond, as I am determined not to pay it off until I know which title is the best. Robert Render. Oct. 8, 1798. 3tj
NOTICE.
THAT commissioners appointed by the court of Madison county will meet on the fifteenth day of October, 1798, at the beginning of William Hancock's settlement and preemption, in Mr. James Turner's plantation, on the dividing ridge between Tate's and Otter creek, in order to take the depositions of witnesses, and perpetuate their testimony respecting the calls in said Hancock's settlement and preemption, and do such other acts as shall be deemed necessary and agreeable to law.
Wm. HANCOCK. September 5, 1798.