The Kentucky gazette (Lexington [Ky.]), 1797-11-18 00:00:00

THE KENTUCKY GAZETTE
NUMBER 576.]
SATURDAY, November 18. 1797.
[VOLUME XI.]
LEXINGTON:—Printed [on WEDNESDAYS and SATURDAYS] by J. BRADFORD, on Main Street: where Subscriptions, at Twenty-One Shilling Per Annum, Advertisements, Articles of Intelligence, Essays, &c. are thankfully received, and Printing in general executed in a neat and correct manner.
13 For Sale. IN LEXINGTON, The corner of Main and Cross Streets. The corner of Cross and Water Streets: The Stone House on Water Street, and that Commodious House and lot on High Street. For terms apply to Maj. James Morrison in Lexington, or to the subscriber, on Main Elkhorn, six miles from Frankfort. BENJ. S. COX. September 25, 1797.
29 For Sale, TWO SECTIONS OF LAND, IN the Military range, within Judge Symms's deed, out of the following numbers, viz. 3 and 15 in the second township, and 3, 6 and 22 in the 3d township. Persons who wish to be accommodated may purchase in small quantities. For terms apply either to J. & A. Hunt or William Wells in Cincinnati, to Col. Oliver Spencer in Columbia, or John W. Hunt, merchant, in Lexington. NOTE.—An indisputable title will immediately be given to purchasers. Cincinnati, August 2:
27 STOLEN FROM the plantation of the subscriber, about two and a half miles from Lexington, on Tuesday night the 1st instant, a sorrel Mare, 3 years old, a natural Trotter, about 14 hands high no brand, her tail is docked, she has a low carriage before, and keeps her nose out, a blaze down her face, and a dark spot on her buttock. A reward of ten dollars will be given for the Mare, and thief, or five dollars for the Mare, and all other reasonable charges. THOMAS IRWIN. Mansfield August 14.
WANTED A person who is well acquainted with Maltng & Brewing of Beer , Also A DISTILLER . Great encouragement will be given—Apply to A. Holmes. Lexington, July 26, 1797.
8 FRESH GOODS. ALEXANDER PARKER HAS just imported from Philadelphia, and now opening at his store, opposite the court-house, a very large and general assortment of MERCHANDISE, consisting of Dry Goods, Groceries, Cutlery, Glass and Queens-Ware, which he will sell at the most reduced prices, for cash. Lexington, October 12, 1797.
Hughes and Fitzhugh, HAVE for sale, at their Ferry, near Georgetown, Washington county, Maryland, A LARGE AND GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF NAILS, which they will dispose of on reasonable terms. March 20, 1797.
32 FOR SALE: The Subscriber, WHO is about to remove his old Rope Walk, will lay out the land on which it stands, in six lots, sixty-six and two thirds feet in front, and one hundred and forty back; he will also lay out a lot on the street he lives on, the same size including his blacksmith's shop, on three of the other lots will be three small brick houses, which will accommodate as many families; all of which will be sold on reasonable terms by THOMAS HART.
Thirty Dollars Reward. RAN away from Washington, (Mason county, Kentucky,) some time in May last, a Negro Man named LOUIS, (or LUE,) about twenty-four years of age, five feet six or eight inches high, has a halt in one of his legs. The above reward will be given if secured in any jail in this state. A. HOLMES. Lexington, July 15.
NOTICE, THE partnership of Reid & Melvin being this day dissolved by mutual consent, all those indebted to said firm, by bond, note or book account, are requested to come forward immediately and settle their respective balances—likewise all those who have any demands against said firm, to bring them forward to David Reid, properly authenticated, for settlement, in whose hands the books are left for settlement. Lexington, September 8, 1797.
FOR SALE, An Over-shot Merchant-Mill With two pair of Stones, together with a Saw-Mill and Distillery, STANDING in Madison county, upon Silver creek, six miles from the Kentucky river.—Also, about 140 Acres of Land, Twenty-five of which are cleared. The grist-mill will be finished in a few weeks by an eminent European millwright, and upon the best construction. The situation of the mills is well known to be as good as any in the state. The dam and race, have stood the late heavy floods without damage, and the stream continues the whole year. Any person inclined to purchase, may apply to George Smart in Lexington, or to Robert Smart, at the mills. GEORGE SMART. ROBERT SMART. July 10, 1797. N. B. If the Mills are not sold when finished, they will be let for 7 years.
Three Dollars Reward. Strayed from the plantation of Mr. Francis Downing, on Hickman, four miles from Lexington, on the 23d instant, a dark bay horse, eight or nine years old, nearly fifteen hands high, a blaze and hip, two hind feet white. Whoever will deliver the said horse to Mr. Francis Downing, or to the subscriber, shall have the above reward. George Heytel. Lexington, April 29.
NOTICE. The partnership of CHARLES HUMPHREYS & Co. was dissolved on the 1st inst. All persons indebted to said firm are requested to make immediate payment—and those who have any demands are requested to call on the subscriber for payment, in whose hands the books &c. are placed. ANDREW HOLMES. April 16.
NOTICE, THE Co-partnership of John A. Seitz and Frederick Lauman , hitherto trading under the firm of Seitz & Lauman , has been dissolved by mutual consent, on the 17th inst. Their books papers &c. are in the hands of John A. Seitz, for adjustment—to whom all those who have any demands against the late firm of Seitz & Lauman, are requested to apply for a settlement; and those who are indebted to them, it is hoped will make immediate payment, otherwise their accounts will be placed in the hands of proper officers for collection. JOHN A. SEITZ. FREDERICK LAUMAN. September 23, 1797.
FOR CASH OR MERCHANDISE, Two thousand five hundred acres of LAND, lying on the T-wins, about 25 miles from the seat of government, and about ten from Drennon's lick—said land was located and surveyed in the name of Thomas Turpin, and adjoins a tract advertised by Mr. T. Turpin, of Woodford county. Any person inclined to purchase, may know the terms by applying to Capt. Walker Baylor near Lexington, or to the subscriber in Garrard county. WILLIAM M. BLEDSOE. June 19.
WARRANTED BOULING CLOTHS, From No. 1 to No. 6, for sale at ANDREW HOLMES'S STORE, The corner of Main and Mill Streets, Lexington.
SHOT OF the different numbers, made by A. F. SAUGRAIN , in Lexington, and sold whole sale and retail, at ANDREW HOLMES'S STORE. Lexington August 8.
For Sale. THE FOLLOWING MILITARY LANDS: 2,666 2-3 acres, in the name of Holland Hanie. 444 2-3 acres, in the name of Samuel Coleman, near Williamsburgh. 2,500 do. in the name of John Breckenridge. 1,111 do. in the name of Lucas Sullivan. The foregoing are on the north-west of the Ohio, in the continental line. The following are in the state line, Green river and Cumberland waters: 440 acres, in the name of John Crawford. 1000 do. Elizabeth Moody, Russell creek. 1000 do. do. do. Indian creek, Big Barren. 1000 do. William Thompson, one on Cumberland river, 1000 do. one one on Big Barren, and one on Trade Water. 1000 do. James Smith, Trade Water. 1000 do. Thomas Gaskins do. 1000 do. do. Goose creek. 1500 do. do. The greater part of the above lands will be found very valuable. For terms apply to TATHAM & BANKS. Lexington, October 17, 1797.
* * * Those gentlemen in whose hands proposals for printing the Kentucky Laws, have been lodged, will please to forward the number of the subscribers they have obtained, to the Office of the Kentucky Gazette, as soon as possible, in order that the work may be immediately put to press, if the stipulated number of copies are subscribed for.
FOR SALE, A GOOD JOURNEYMAN SHOEMAKER, to whom the highest wages will be given—enquire of the Printer. September 6, 1797.
FOR SALE, A LARGE QUANTITY OF CORN, BACON AND WHISKEY. Apply to A. HOLMES, Lexington.
GEORGE ADAMS, RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the public in general, that he has opened a Tavern, in that commodious house on Main Street the third door below Cross Street, where those who please to favor him with their custom, shall meet with every possible attention.
FOR SALE, 400 Acres of Military Land. LYING in the county of Clarke, about 12 miles from Lexington on the main road leading from thence to Clarke court house, adjoining the land of Hubbard Taylor.—This land lies well, is all of the first quality, and of indisputable title—a deed of general warranty will be given. Any person inclined to see it will be gratified by Mr. Taylor. The terms may be known by applying to Mr. Joseph Coffey in Lexington, or to Capt. Richard Terrell on Beargrass.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. STRAYED or STOLEN, from the mouth of Middle creek, Hardin county, on the 25th of August, two horses:—one a bright bay, 9 years old, 15 hands high, trots natural, has a star and snip and a roe or feather extending from half way his neck towards his ears on the near side, his tail is docked short, was shod all round when he left me, not branded as I recollect. The other a grey, 5 years old, 14 and a half hands high, branded on the near shoulder thus, q; heavy mane and tail dark coloured, has a small lump between his thighs occasioned by cutting, trots natural, had on a small bell, and shod before when he went away. Whoever delivers said horses to John McIntire living on Flat creek, Montgomery county, or to the subscriber living at Col. James McDowell's three miles from Lexington, shall receive the above reward. JOHN LYLE. October 18, 1797.
Wanted Immediately, A GOOD JOURNEYMAN SHOEMAKER, to whom the highest wages will be given—enquire of the Printer. September 6, 1797.
UNDER a letter of attorney from captain Christopher Roan deceased, I located one thousand acres of land for Elizabeth Moody on Indian creek, a branch of Big Barren river, which land I lie advertised for sale by Tatham & Banks. I therefore forewarn all persons from purchasing said land, until a deed is executed to me for the customary proportion of the said tract. Given under my hand, this ninth of November, 1797. ABRM. CHAPLINE.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY, Two or three Apprentices To the Carpenter's and Shop Joiner's Business. Also two or three Good Journeyman, for House work, to whom generous wages will be given. JOHN SPANGLER. Lexington, April 12.
WANTED, 100,000 pounds of TOBACCO, delivered at any of the public ware-houses on the Kentucky river, or at Louisville—for which Cash will be given, at my house about seven miles from Lexington, on the Hickman road. ROBERT MCNICANN. October 20, 1797.
FOR SALE, A Likely Negro Wench. Apply to the Printer.
THE managers of the Lexington Chances of Insurance, have authorised Mr. Samuel Postlethwaite of Lexington, to receive any money that may be due to them for tickets, and also, to pay such sums as may be due to the holders of fortunate numbers—wherefore all those who are indebted are requested to make immediate payment. THE MANAGERS. Lexington, September 2, 1797.
THE managers of the Lexington Chances of Insurance, have authorised Mr. Samuel Postlethwaite of Lexington, to receive any money that may be due to them for tickets, and also, to pay such sums as may be due to the holders of fortunate numbers—wherefore all those who are indebted are requested to make immediate payment. THE MANAGERS. Lexington, September 2, 1797.
All person for whom I located land, are desired to come forward and pay off their respective balances, in order for a division, otherwise I shall petition the different courts for a division.—Also all persons who have any demands against me for land, are desired to come forward, as I am ready to discharge the same. I have for sale twelve thousand acres of land, on Little Kentucky, and Floyd's Fork, between eighteen and thirty miles from the Falls of Ohio, of a good quality, and lies level, which I will sell on reasonable terms for cash or negroes, and make a general warranty deed. B. NETHERLAND. March 16, 1797.
FOR SALE, A LARGE AND CONVENIENT HOUSE AND LOT, ON Main Street, with a good stable, &c. Also, six thousand acres of Land on Bank Lick creek, about ten miles from the Ohio. The land is of excellent quality, and the title indisputable. For terms apply to JOHN A. SEITZ.
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ABIJAH & JOHN W. HUNT. Wish to purchase at their store in Lexington a quantity of
TOBACCO AND HEMP, For which they will give a generous price, and a proportion in money. They have on hand a large assortment of MERCHANDISE, which they are offering for sale on the most moderate terms.
Last Notice. ALL those indebted to the subscriber are once more requested to pay up their respective accounts. All those indebted to West and Guthrie are requested to make payment to the subscriber, as that partnership is dissolved by mutual consent. N. B. Nelson Thomasson is authorised to settle the above accounts. EDWARD WEST. Sept. 27.
Mann's Lick, September 2d, 1797. WE are well informed that some malicious person has lodged a false of an inferior quantity, for a length of time, at the widow Comings's, for sale, as being of our manufactory. We hereby declare to the public, that we did never lodge any salt for sale on the road between this place and Lexington. This deception is calculated not only to injure our reputation, but the public at large. JAMES F. MOORE, CHARLES BEELER.
JUST PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE—Price 9d. An Expostulatory Letter From Edward Rushton to George Washington, Esq. of Mount Vernon.

DOMESTIC manufactures include those only that are made in private families; country manufactures comprehend all that are made within the state in shops or factories. I propose to consider the last kind in a double point of view, their present condition, and the extent to which they may and ought to be carried on within this state, both for home consumption, and for exportation. The articles which I shall observe on at present are, woollens, linens, hats of the different kinds the different manufactures made of leather, iron and hemp.
If we were to judge from the number of sheep and fulling mills now in this country, we should conclude, that there would be at least a sufficiency of coarse cloth made within it for our own use, but a view of the quantity of imported cloth which is sold in the stores, will satisfy us that the fact is very different. I have been much at a loss to account why the quantity of this article which is actually made here, should be so small when compared with the visible means of making it; but I have concluded that it has been owing principally to two causes — the want of attention in keeping the sheep in a proper state to increase and preserve their wool, and the shearing the old ones but once instead of twice, and the not shearing the lambs at all. It must be obvious to all who see our sheep loaded with burs and trash of every kind, that there must be a great loss in the wool taken from them, both in quantity and quality. It is said by the best farmers who have made the experiment at the proper seasons of the year, that it is no injury to sheep that are well kept, to shear them twice in the season; and it is recommended as being of service to the lambs themselves if they are not too luter to shear them once. It is probable, therefore, that by changing our management in these instances, we should get double the quantity of good wool from the same number of sheep; and it is within the knowledge of every farmer, that the second coat of wool & the lamb's wool are of much greater value than any other kind of wool; besides being essentially necessary in certain manufactures. The making of coarse woollens within the state is of very great consequence from this circumstance — When we purchase the imported woollens of that quality, besides paying the first cost and the merchant's profit on it, we pay also near a third more for the carriage. This consideration must make the policy of this country to go as much as possible into the manufacturing of heavy articles, because, by avoiding the payment of carriage, we have a saving of about six-pence on every pound which the article weighs.
There is no linen made at present in the country but what is made in private families; but the surplus quantity made in that way has been so great for several years back, as entirely to stop the importation of brown linen, and to afford a considerable supply of white linen of a very useful and comfortable quality. There appears to be no good reason why this manufacture should not be carried on profitably in this country on a large scale, and it is to be hoped that some of our enterprising citizens will turn their attention that way.
The manufacturing of hats of different kinds is in a much more prosperous state. — They are now made in this country of an excellent quality, in great numbers and at a moderate price. Three things only are wanting to enable manufacturers to furnish enough of them not only for home consumption, but also for exportation: — 1. An increase of manufacturers' capitals to enable them to lay in a sufficiency of fur; 2. A greater quantity of wool of the proper kind for their use; and, 3. An agreement with the merchants to take their supplies from them, instead of importing them. The first will soon be effected by the skill and industry of the manufacturers themselves; and as soon as that is the case, the present unnatural and shameful practice of carrying fur up our rivers to the Atlantic states, and bringing the hats made from that fur to this country, will cease: the second will be produced by the good sense and interest of
the farmer; and the third will be readily entered into by the merchants, if they are convinced, as they may easily be, that they will gain by such an agreement. Suppose a particular kind of hats should cost from the manufacturer in Philadelphia 21s. this currency by the dozen; that the same kind should cost here 25s. and that each sort should be retailed here at 30s. a piece — Is it not obvious, when the merchant takes into account the carriage, the risk, the time he must lay out of his money, and the expense of making his remittance, when he purchases his hats in Philadelphia, that his profits will be much greater, on those which he purchases in this country! And when he considers, that from his being more constantly and regularly supplied with those manufactured here he would probably sell a greater number of them in a year, than he could of the imported ones, he will be satisfied that it must be to his interest to purchase them here, rather than in Philadelphia.
By extending this reasoning still further, it will be manifest how intimately connected the merchant's interest in this respect, is with that of the state and the manufacturer. Suppose a merchant's capital to be 1000, that the whole of it is now vested in imported articles, and that one fourth of the amount consists of articles which he could be furnished with from the manufacturers of this country — What would be the difference in his situation, if he was to purchase that fourth in this country, instead of importing it? In the first place he would increase his stock of merchandise one fourth without any increase of capital, and of consequence greatly augment the profits on his real capital. Because when he imports altogether, the amount must be limited by his capital, but as far as he can purchase in this country from the manufacturer on credit, he may make his sales before his day of payment, and a credit here of three months, is equal to a credit of five months in Philadelphia: he may also make his payments between the times he is obliged to remit to Philadelphia, and thus even get the benefit of the amount of the sales of the articles bought here, in paying for those he will still import. This reasoning applies generally to all goods in proportion to the amount of their cost; but when we recollect that the articles which will for a great length of time be manufactured in this country are of the heaviest kind, and that the merchant's profit is much less on such articles than it is on those that are lighter, it will be immediately discovered how much his profits will be increased, by striking out the heavy articles from his importations altogether, and in vesting the amount in lighter goods. This will also prove, that the merchant would still be a gainer if these heavy articles were struck out of his invoice, although he had no hand in selling those articles of country manufacture which were substituted in their place: for a greater proportion of his capital would then be laid out in light goods, and of consequence his general profit on his business would be greater also; and no merchant could be injured by lessening the number of imported articles, unless his capital was so large, that it could not be all used in the purchase of a part only of those articles. Besides the merchant's profit depends not on the amount he imports, but on the amount which he sells; but if we manufacture nothing, & export but little, we shall be able to purchase but very little; but if we increase our country manufactures and our exports, we shall then be able to pay for those articles which cannot be made in the country; and there is no danger of an excess of those articles being imported for any length of time, because the quantity imported will soon be limited to the quantity for which there is a real demand.
The merchant and the manufacturer having then a common interest, they ought to come to a proper understanding on the subject — the manufacturer should give the merchant reasonable credit for, & allow him to make a proper profit on his manufacture; and the merchant should never import what he can be supplied with from the manufacturer. The manufacturers in each branch of business should communicate with each other, so as to ascertain the amount of their manufacture which they could furnish
in a given time, and then give the necessary information to the merchants in the different parts of the state. These observations although they have been drawn from me in considering the present state of the manufacture of hats, are equally applicable to every other country manufacture.
The different kinds of manufactures of leather, are also carried on to a great extent, and with great skill in this country. The arguments stated against the importation of hats, will apply generally in favor of the country manufactures of leather, & as most of them are heavier than hats, they apply with double force to those articles. — These manufactures might be carried to an extent of which we now have no adequate conception, if, instead of exporting our cattle alive, we could kill and barrel them for exportation; and this would also introduce the useful and profitable manufactures of candles and soap.
The manufacturing of Iron has not been attended with that success which the situation of this country, and the advantage those who are engaged in it possessed, seemed to promise; but as it is reduced to a certainty, that their want of success has been owing to their own bad management, others ought to profit by their experience, and immediately make a profitable use of those inexhaustible banks of ore which are to be found in different parts of the state. It is a disgrace to the country, when it is so abundantly furnished with the materials for making iron, to import it from any other country, and pay for the carriage of it, more than the first cost of the iron itself.
It is a truth which cannot be too forcibly impressed on the minds of manufacturers, that until a country is overstocked with the manufacture itself, an addition to their number so far from being prejudicial, will be of real service to them, at least until the quantity manufactured shall be sufficient to put a total stop to the importation of that article.
It is an agreeable reflection, that notwithstanding our present state as a manufacturing country, falls far short of what we could with it to be, it is more prosperous than could reasonably have been expected from the age of the country; and if we may argue from what has been done to this time, and from the present number, skill, industry and wealth of our manufacturers, we have every reason to hope that the time is not very distant, when we may justly be considered as a manufacturing people. I am so fully impressed with the idea, that it is of the greatest importance to our country that this should be the case as soon as possible, that I never see a man who has introduced or increased a useful manufacture here, but I look up to him with that respect which is justly due to him, as one of the most meritorious of our fellow citizens.
LONDON, August 23.
The foreign Journals contain rumors of the signing of the definitive treaty of peace between the Emperor and the French Republic. This report seems to be premature; at least, it is probable that of an event so important, we should, before this, have had information by the French papers. By the last accounts from Vienna, indeed, there is intelligence that seems to countenance this report. The Emperor it is said, is to retain Mantua, and to be indemnified for the loss of Lombardy by Dalmatia, and a great part of the Venetian Terra Firma. The rumors upon this subject have been so frequent and so contradictory, that they should be received with caution. If it is found to be true, we should consider it as a favorable omen for the return of a general peace. Though apparently separate, it is highly probable that the negotiations at Udina, and at Lisle, have been in a considerable degree connected, and they may both therefore, be expected to have a common result. A confirmation of peace with the Emperor, would afford ground to believe, that there is a fair prospect of a favorable issue to Lord Malmesbury's negotiation.
The report that the new Dutch constitution has been rejected, gains ground. It has already been rejected in some places, and the accounts from that country agree in stating its acceptance, by the majority, as extremely uncertain.
LEXINGTON:
Saturday, November 18, 1797.
TO THE PRINTER OF THE KENTUCKY GAZETTE.
SIR,
The approach of the time of the legislature's assembling, naturally calls the attention of the members of that body and of the public, to those questions of general moment which will become the subjects of discussion.
The PENAL LAWS of Kentucky so evidently need legislative revision, that the time it may be hoped is come when they will receive a thorough reform. A revised bill on the subject will probably be brought forward by the revisors: and disgraceful will be the era in the history of Kentucky, should the people of this country deliberately review and re-enact the present sanguinary system. Impressed with these ideas, I would suggest to you the propriety of publishing some part of an official report made to the senate in the year 1793 by the attorney general, whose meritorious exertions in the cause of humanity and justice, will at length I trust be crowned with some portion of success.
A FRIEND TO JUSTICE.
II. HAVING briefly examined the most striking deficiencies in the present criminal code, so far as respects the mode of proceeding, a more important and much more defective part of the code presents itself —
The punishments inflicted on the various crimes pointed out by the law.
In taking a view of this subject, we find, that the punishments are unequal and sanguinary. In one class we find offences of far interior note, involved in the same indiscriminate punishment, with the blackest and most destructive crimes. In another class, we find similar offences, and of equal guilt, distinguished by dissimilar and disproportionate punishments; and finally, the punishments so sanguinary, that they seem to be dictated by the spirit of Draco.
Instead of justice weighing the criminality of offences, and wisdom and moderation apportioning their punishments, we behold caprice and cruelty let loose against the lives of our fellow citizens. A few instances will suffice to shew how unequally punishments are apportioned to crimes. Among the first class mentioned above, we find, a horse stealer and a traitor, a parricide and a highwayman, a burglar and the most atrocious murderer sentenced to the same punishment — DEATH.
In the second class, we find that a man who steals a horse is to suffer death without the benefit of clergy; while he who steals cattle, sheep or hogs, tho' to the tripple amount, are admitted to their clergy, that is they are discharged upon being burnt in the hand. I have observed that our punishments are extremely sanguinary. This is true to such a degree that even the expression which I have used, falls far short of conveying an adequate idea of the bloody pages of our law. Were a complete table made, of all the crimes and punishments under existing laws, it would be impossible to read the horrid list without horror and disgust. To give some, though an inadequate idea of the sanguinary system, I beg leave to refer to the annexed table. It will show eighty descriptions of crimes which are all punished with death. If to this were added the multitude of crimes which are clergyable on the first, but are punished with death on the second conviction, & the list were still to be encreased with those crimes which are punished by whipping and the pillory, could we believe that the laws were the labor of a wise legislature, anxious for the welfare and happiness of the people? No, we should rather conclude that they were the work of some cruel and implacable tyrant who delighted in the blood and tortures of mankind.
It will not be difficult to prove that this indiscriminate destruction of human lives for great and small offences is not only contrary to humanity, but also to justice and policy. Many systems have been invented to shew the origin of the right of punishing. — Some writers on natural and political law, have derived it from a compact between the people and their governors. Others have supposed that the offender by committing the crime

gave a tacit consent to undergo the punishment. Others again, describe an imaginary state of nature as having existed previous to the introduction of society. In this state of nature a right of revenge has been supposed to exist in every individual. And upon the formation of government, individuals, when giving up the exercise of certain of their rights to preserve the remainder, are supposed to have given this right of revenge to the magistrates. This last opinion has of late been generally adopted. It has the fallacious appearance of being conformable to the principles of a free government; but it is only an appearance. The principles of a free government must depend upon reason and fact, and cannot receive support from a supposition of a state of mankind which never existed, or the exercise in that state, of a power falsely called a right, the effect of one of the vilest of human passions, and as inconsistent with reason and justice, as it is with the divine precepts of christian morality. This system, in common with those before mentioned, will not bear the test of reason—they were invented to justify those laws, which, disregarding the proper ends of punishment, were calculated to gratify tyranny and avarice. The right of the community to inflict punishment does not depend upon systems, but upon the great and immutable principles of justice. If a man does me an injury, I am intitled to an adequate redress—this is a proposition so evident, that the most untutored mind will immediately understand it and assent to its truth. In all civil cases this maxim is received and acknowledged. If a suit be brought for a trespass, the jury, who are the constitutional judges of the greatness of the injury, assess the damages. If the trespass be of such a nature as to affect the community at large—for instance, if it be for a false imprisonment by a public officer color officii , they will add to the damages, actually sustained, other and greater damages, as a punishment to the defendant, as an example to others. In this last case we readily discover the origin of the right of punishment. In the former case we find two individuals who, though they are in the general connected with the community, are not supposed to be connected with it by means of the injury done. In other words, the injury done by the one to the other does not also include an injury to the community. In the latter case the person injured acquires by that injury an additional connexion with the community, because all are interested to prevent the infringement of the rights of one. All therefore are injured by the violation of a common right; and if in this latter case the proceedings were at the instance of the commonwealth, a fine would have been laid, as a redress for the injury done to the commonwealth.
Here then we discover the source of the right which the community have to redress, or in other words, to inflict punishments. But another object will readily occur, which deserves the attention of a wise and humane legislature. It is not enough, that crimes should receive the punishments they deserve, it is necessary that the criminals should if possible, be reformed:—this is a duty which is enjoined by benevolence; and in the exercise of this duty, the welfare of the object and the happiness of society are united. But it may be observed that these principles do not extend to justify the taking away the life of a man, however great his guilt. This observation will undoubtedly be just, and indeed no principle will justify an individual or the community for so doing, but the most extreme necessity;—that such a necessity may exist is certain. If a vessel were cast away, and two men should seize upon the same plank, insufficient to preserve the lives of both, in this instance the principles of necessity and self-preservation may justify the one pushing the other from the plank, as being the only means of saving his own life. If one man be attacked by another, he may justify killing the assailant in the defence of his own life; and perhaps the same principle may justify the punishment of death for certain crimes. I will instance the crime of treason, which by endangering the existence of the community, makes it necessary to put the criminal to death. In murder also the criminal may justly be supposed to have shown "so wicked, depraved and malignant
a spirit, a heart so regardless of the social tie and so fatally bent upon mischief," that he can no longer, with safety to the community, be permitted to live. The man who is guilty of stealing a free person and selling him for a slave, shews a disposition equally wicked, and is so much the more dangerous, as slavery is worse than death. Upon the principle of extreme necessity alone then is it justifiable to punish with death. In all other cases the punishment should contemplate retribution to the party injured, where that can be obtained—retribution to the commonwealth, and the reformation of the offender. But in case the party offending is unable to make such retribution, it is then to be obtained only from his labor. This brings us to consider more particularly the means of reforming criminals.—This end no public punishments can effect; so far from it, they uniformly tend to harden the guilty and destroy that sense of shame and regard to the opinions of our fellow men, which is not one of the least incentives to virtue. Can it be believed, that the wretch whose body is marked with the stripes of ignominy, or who has been exposed as the object of scorn, insult and injury to an unfeeling mob, will retire from the disgraceful scene with juster sentiments of morality?
Will it not rather render him desperate, and, finding the world at war with him, war with the world? And it is not a small consideration, that such spectacles corrupt and inhumanize the people at large.
Experience and reason point out solitary confinement at labor, as the best means of reforming a criminal. Nothing can be more uniform, than the opinions of mankind upon this subject. Under the most different climates, manners and religions, the Druid and the Dervise, the Anchoret and the Bowza, alike retire from the world, under a hope of improving their virtue, by solitary contemplation. And although they should be supposed to be hypocrites and impostors, it will still prove, that the universal opinions of mankind is agreeable to that which is advanced above; for if it were not, the same means of imposition would not have been used and been successful in so many various ages and countries.
But experience, the surest guide, proves that the present sanguinary system is inadequate to deter offenders, and that the other mode is more successful. If this be the case and we should consider this subject, as unaffected by motives of justice and humanity, and to be decided, merely, by the dictates of policy, a change must be proper. In England, where the laws are in some instances, much more sanguinary than our own, and where they seem to have hunted mankind for death, crimes are more frequent, and increase. Take for an instance, the offences relative to the coin:—to counterfeit the legal coin was death—offenders were not deterred—they were hunted through every evasion of washing, coloring, &c. to produce the similitude of the legal coin—to pass or even tender such counterfeit money in payment, was to be punished with death. At last it was made a capital offence for a person to have in possession the means of counterfeiting? What has been the event of all this severity? Offences have not been lessened, they have multiplied. The same observations will apply to the great variety of larcenies, which have in that country been made capital. Italy has long been stigmatized for the frequency of assassinations; yet it is generally there a capital offence—there is one exception:—In the divisions of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, capital punishments are abolished. What is the effect? In that country assassination is seldom committed, while in the rest of Italy, it continues to be as frequent as it was formerly. Yet it was formerly a capital offence in that state, and was then as frequent there, as in Rome or Venice. One other example I will take the liberty of adding. Pennsylvania made an experiment of condemning criminals to public labor, which was found inadequate, owing to the countenance given to the criminals by their abandoned associates, and the contributions they levied upon the mistaken benevolence of passengers. In that state criminals are now confined to solitary labor, for times proportioned to their offences. The result has been favorable, as crimes have
since the adoption of that plan been much less frequent than formerly.
It is not difficult to account for the effects which have followed a mild system of jurisprudence. In every country in which the laws are sanguinary, some expedient has been fallen upon to mitigate their severity. But unfortunately those expedients have not been calculated to remove the evil, and not having been founded on just principles, have presented, instead of a moderate and certain punishment, the hope of impunity. Among those false expedients are sanctuaries, pardons and benefit of clergy. It is the certainty and not the severity of punishments that will deter the wicked from their crimes. And it may be remarked, that, of all other cases, the hope of impunity is greatest and best founded where the punishment is death.
It may perhaps be objected, that the punishment by a solitary confinement at hard labor cannot be put into execution without great expence in erecting the necessary buildings, and that the people cannot, at this time, bear the additional burthen of taxes which would consequently be required. But if this plan cannot now be entirely adopted, surely something may be done towards rendering our system less sanguinary, & punishments more proportionate to the crimes; and, at the same time, oblige criminals themselves to contribute to the final execution of this desirable object.
But surely, if policy recommends, if justice requires this measure, if humanity must anxiously desire a change in the criminal code, which should make our punishments less sanguinary, more proportioned to the crimes, and, at the same time, conducive to the reformation of offenders, it will, no doubt, receive the attention of a wise and humane legislature.
III. I come now to take notice of the third general head which I proposed to consider, to wit, the provision for recovering and paying into the treasury, fines and forfeitures, and checking frauds by the officers concerned in the collection.
Upon this head a very few observations will be necessary. There exists, at this time, no check upon the officers concerned in the collection of fines and forfeitures. That some check is necessary will not be doubted, when it is known that not one penny has been paid, on that account, into the treasury. Perhaps it would be sufficient, if the clerks of the several courts of this commonwealth were directed to extract, immediately after each court, all fines levied or forfeitures incurred, by conviction, during the court. That they should extract, also, the returns of the sheriff or coroner, as the case may be of the executions for such fines, and that they should immediately transmit those extracts to the auditor.
The foregoing observations contain the substance of what has appeared to me as exceptionable in the criminal code. Perhaps others have escaped my observation, perhaps my opinions may be erroneous, but in stating them I have obeyed the order, and willingly submit them to the consideration, of the Senate.
WILLIAM MURRAY. November 18, 1793.
A gentleman who arrived in town on Thursday evening from Nashville, gives the following information:—that a short time before he left that place there were two Indians murdered by white men—that a reward of five hundred dollars was offered for the perpetrators of so horrid a crime—that two men were taken up on suspicion but were liberated for want of proof.
A London paper of August 29th, says, "Brussels papers to the 22d, inst. insist, that the definitive treaty between the Emperor and the French is signed: that Mantua and all its dependencies, are evacuated by the French troops."
HEMP SEED WANTED, At the store of Samuel Price & Co. LEXINGTON. Nov. 18.
TANNERS' OIL FOR SALE BY WILLIAM MORTON, LEXINGTON. Nov. 18.
ON the 10th of April 1784, Thomas Scott made an entry in Jefferson county of Fifteen thousand acres of land on Treasury warrants.—On the 25th day of May in the same year, said entry was surveyed and recorded in the following words:— "Surveyed for Thomas Scott, 15,000 acres, by virtue of five Treasury warrants No. 18419, 9403, 18416, 18339 & 9411, in Jefferson county, Beginning at two Sycamores and two Beeches, on the south bank of the Rolling Fork, in the line of George James's 1500 acre survey; thence due south, 2010 poles to three black-oak trees on the North-West side of the head of Saltlick creek, thence due east, 1430 poles to two black-oaks and a dogwood in Mess. Lyon & Lemprizer's line, then with their line due north 1690 poles to a poplar and sweet gum, their N.W. corner, thence N. 74 W. 732 poles to the Rolling Fork, & down the Rolling Fork and binding thereon 724 poles, when reduced to a straight line to the beginning, containing the quantity, exclusive of an entry of four hundred acres, an entry of two hundred acres of Geo. James's, which are prior to said Scott and not claimed by him."—A grant has issued for the aforesaid fifteen thousand acres of land, of which I am the proprietor by purchase;—Wherefore, all concerned are hereby requested to TAKE NOTICE, that I am determined not to pay for any improvements made on said lands by persons claiming the same under any other title, or with whom I have not contracted; and that within the space of one year from this date, I shall take the legal steps to investigate the claims of such as have actually settled on said land.
JOHN SAVARY, by CHARLES BARBIER, his att'y, Washington county, } in fact. Nov. 8, 1797.
For Sale, FIVE hundred and fifty acres of first rate bottom land, entered in the name of Daniel Branham, lying on the Kentucky river, five miles from Port William, adjoining Jesse Pendergraft's fourteen hundred acre survey. Those who incline to purchase said valuable land, will apply to the printer.
STRAYED from Bairdstown, November 7; a likely gray Mare, 3 years old, fifteen hands or upwards high, light mane and tail, warts on her mouth. A generous reward to any one who will bring her to Todd's Ferry, Kentucky, to Mr. Thomas Crawford's, Mercer, Col. Gill's, Rolling Fork, or Mr. Shield's near Bairdstown. Ten dollars more of a reward for information of any one who will keep her concealed in any felonious way, after this public notice. *38
TAKEN up by the subscriber, living on the Kentucky river, about two miles above Frankfort, a dark sorrel Horse, eight years old, four feet ten or eleven inches high, a small star in his forehead, branded on the near shoulder W, and on the buttock G, appraised to 24l.
Joshua Taylor. August 7, 1797.
TAKEN up by the subscriber living on North Elkhorn, a yearling light sorrel mare colt, with a blaze face, no brand perceivable, the near hind foot white. Appraised to 5l. Alexander Scott Lowrey.
Notice. A PETITION will be presented to the next general assembly to remove the seat of Justice for Madison county, to a more convenient and central part of the county. 3 November 7, 1597.
ALL persons are cautioned against taking an assignment on two notes given by me to William Adams, one for the sum of 40l. (on which is a credit of about 18l.) payable the last day of April 1798; and the other for 30l. payable the last day of October, 1798, as I will not pay either of them unless compelled by law. w3t CHARLES SUMPTION.
IN THE PRESS, AND SHORTLY WILL BE PUBLISHED, The Kentucky Almanac FOR 1798.

SACRED TO THE MUSES.
A Parody on the banks of Bana.
SHEPHERDS I have lost my waist, Did you see my body. Sacrific'd to modern taste? I'm now a dety tody.
For fashion I my shape forsook, And all my native graces; Just like a wheaten sheaf I look, Bound up in silken laces.
Ne'er shall I be handsome more, 'Till common sense returning, My body to my waist restore, And turn to joy my mourning.
ANECDOSE.
As the boy who distributes the Johnstown Gazette, was going by some masons who were at work near the road, one of them asked him whether they had no bigger post in Johnstown than he, "Yes," replied the boy "we have one five times bigger than I, to which I expect to see you tied fast in less than a week's time."
ISRAEL
BOOT
MANUFACTURER,
HUNT
& SHOE
TURER,
RESPECTFULLY informs the Public in general, and his Friends in particular, that he has commenced business in all its various branches, on Short street, next door to J. Morrison. He flatters himself from the neatness and excellence of his work to merit the favors of the public. He has furnished himself with a few excellent workmen, together with some of the best materials that can be produced.
NOTICE
I hereby given, that commissioners appointed by the county court of Washington, will meet on Monday, the fourth of December, if fair, if not, the next fair day, at the improvement called for in John Irwin's treasury warrant entry, of four hundred acres, on both sides of the Beach fork, at the mouth of Mays lick creek; then and there to perpetuate the testimony of certain witnesses, which may ascertain and establish the calls in said entry, and do such other acts as may be thought necessary and agreeable to law. JAMES RYAN. Nov. 3.
Public Notice.
HAVING obtained from the county court of Bourbon, an order appointing commissioners to perpetuate testimony respecting an ash tree, marked F, being the beginning corner of my entry, for 4000 acres, made with the surveyor of the then county of Fayette, on the ninth day of January, 1783, upon two treasury warrants, No. 9118 and 9119, on the dividing ridge between Hinton's fork of Licking and the salt spring fork. All concerned are therefore desired to take notice, that on the fifteenth day of December, 1797, if fair, if not, the next fair day, I shall, by my attorney in fact, attend with the commissioners at the said ash tree, being the beginning corner of my aforesaid entry, when and where I shall take depositions to perpetuate the same, and do such further acts as may be necessary thereto, and the law may require. AMBROSE RUCKER.
THE clerks of the several district, Quarter Session, and County courts within this common-wealth are requested to meet at Frankfort, on the second Thursday in December next, on business of importance. Kentucky, 9. 1797.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, near Lancaster, Garrard county, a brown mare, three years old last spring, with a long star in her forehead, appraised to ten pounds. Nov. 6. SAMUEL DUNCAN.
CASH
Will be given for a LIGHT WAGGON. Apply to the printer of the Kentucky Gazette.
Doctor Samuel Brown,
BEGS leave to inform the PUBLIC, that he will practice MEDICINE and SURGERY in LEXINGTON and its VICINITY—He occupies the house in which Mr. Love lately lived, opposite to Mr. Stewart's printing office.
He will undertake, on reasonable terms, to instruct one or two pupils, who can bring good recommendations. September 5, 1795.
FOR SALE,
THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES;
THREE NEW STILLs of the best quality, and the vessels fitting the same, all made last fall, and in good order. Also, a LIKELY YOUNG NEGRO MAN, a good distiller. Also a VERY LIKELY NEGRO GIRL, sixteen years of age. Also, the noted horse called THE FERGUSON GRAY. I will take in exchange, likely young geldings and brood mares. Any gentleman inclining to purchase, may apply to the subscriber living on Cane run, four miles from Lexington, Fayette county. SAMUEL BEELER.
The public, I presume, has seen a piece inserted by Benjamin S. Cox and Joseph Fenwick, in the Kentucky Gazette, with the design of injuring me, in the sale of my lands. Their publication (malicious as it is) should pass unanswered, but that I am apprehensive my silence might be construed into a confession of their charges and an acknowledgment of their claim.—Now I do assert that I never sold land to Daniel Broadhead, nor can he legally claim a foot of property under me.—If he could, why do not the persons claiming under him, make it appear? I have been three years constantly in this state, and always desirous that my land disputes might be terminated, as during their continuance I have been exposed to much cruel and unmerited censure. In all this time little, or nothing has been done by my opponents. Messrs. Cox and Fenwick have published that for all the lands advertised by them, a suit has been commenced in the court of Quarter Sessions for Fayette. That I deny. 'Tis true a subpoena issued against me in the Fayette District, in April last,—but 'tis equally true, that the complainants have never yet filed their bill. From those circumstances, the public, I think may form a just estimate of the validity of their title. A claim so important, if it could have been established, would not have been so long neglected; or, at least, after commencing suit, they would have pursued with more keeness if they had imagined they had any chance of success. These lands I shall continue to sell, and I trust I shall be able to remove the doubts of any person who is disposed to buy. Let Messrs. Cox and Fenwick, in future know, that I despise the hypocritical cant of their publication. After accusing me of fraudulent intentions against innocent people—they kindly say they have no intention of injuring me. Let me ask the gentlemen if they would not think such a charge injurious? To them, indeed it might not be so—but most men would feel it sensibly, and in spite of their fawning complaisance, would resent it as I do. B. NETHERLAND
To be sold,
TO THE HIGHEST BIDDER, ON Saturday the 25th instant, at the late dwelling house of Andrew Gatewood dec. the following property viz. Negroes, Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Corn & Household Furniture. Four months credit will be given for all sums above four pounds, the purchaser giving bond and approved security—and for all sums under four pounds to be ready money. The sale to begin at 10 o'clock. MARGARET GATEWOOD, Ex'tx. WILLIAM GIST, } Ex'ors. JOHN KAY. November 1. 1797.
RAN away on Thursday the 9th instant, from Mr. Samuel Sandusky, a negro man named ELEC, about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, 23 years of age, of yellow colour, had on a short pea-green colored coat, he had two waistcoats, one royal rib, the other nankeen, both nearly one color, and two pair of overalls, one buckskin the other linen, also a beaver skin cap, he rather limps when walking; the said negro I have contracted for since he ran away; Whoever takes up said negro and secures him in any jail so that I can have him, or brings him home to me about four miles from the mouth of Hickman near the road, shall be handsomely rewarded by me. John Freeman.
For Sale,
THREE LIKELY NEGROES, ONE fellow about thirty-two years of age; the woman about thirty; the boy about fourteen which will be sold on good terms for cash, by the subscriber living on the head waters of South Elkhorn. John Kellar.
61 For sale,
THE FOLLOWING TRACTS OF LAND. ONE tract lying in the county of Campbell, on the waters of Locust creek, containing 2699 acres. One tract, lying on Long Lick creek, a branch of Rough creek, Hardin county, about seven miles from Hardin settlement, containing 2500 acres.
The above lands will be disposed of on moderate terms; one half of the purchase money to be paid down, for the other a credit of twelve months will be given; the purchaser giving bond with approved security. Any person inclined to purchase, may know the terms by applying to Capt. Robt. Craddock in Danville, or, JOHN W. HOLT, atto. in fact for THOS. HOLT.
IRON BANK.
FOR SALE BY THE SUBSCRIBERS, ONE thousand acres of Land, lying North-West of the Ohio, containing an extensive bank of excellent Ore, as the subscribers suppose—the quality of this ore has been ascertained by Mr. Saugrain of Lexington, to whom any person desirous of purchase can apply for information. The above tract of land lies about twelve miles from the Ohio river, and about one mile from Little Scioto, which empties a few miles above the three Islands.—A stream supposed to be well calculated for a furnace, runs through the land, and has a fall of thirty feet at one spot, and about three quarters of a mile from the bank of ore.—For further particulars apply to Mr. Alexander Parker of Lexington, or the subscribers in Washington.
BASIL DUKE. JOHN COBURN. April 21, 1797.
NOTICE.
WHEREAS, the partnership of Alexander and James Parker being dissolved (by the death of James) the executors of the deceased, earnestly request all those indebted to the said firm, by bond, note or book account, to come forward immediately and settle their respective balances; likewise all those who have any demands against said firm, to bring them forward properly authenticated, for settlement, as the debts of the deceased must be immediately paid and the partnership settled.—No indulgence can be expected.
ALEX. PARKER, } Ex'ts. JOHN COBURN, } JOHN BRADFORD. Lexington, April 12, 1797.
Josiah M'Dowell and Daniel Workman Plaintiffs, AGAINST Christopher Bryant, Jacob Myers, Edward Worthington, William Veach, Elizabeth Veach, Thomas Shepherd, William Shepherd and Mary Shepherd, Defendants.
In Chancery. The defendants not having entered their appearance agreeable to law and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this state; on the motion of the complainants by their counsel, It is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the 18th day of November next, and answer the bill of the complaint—that a copy of this order be forthwith published in the Kentucky Gazette for two months successively, and some Sunday immediately after divine service, at the Presbyterian meeting-house in the town of Lexington, and another copy be posted at the door of the court-house in the town of Lexington. (A Copy) Teste. Levi Todd. C. F. C.
For Sale.
LOTS IN NEW-GARDEN. NEW-GARDEN is a town lately laid out on an eligible situation, on part of that tract of land well known by the name of English's Station, on the south bank of Dick's river, in the neighborhood of a very fertile settlement. It is unnecessary to enumerate the many advantages that accompany New-Garden; it abounds in good springs, good timber, sand and li. stone, (which are essentials for building,) thro' which passes the great influx of emigration from the Eastern states to Kentucky.
The sale of said lots will commence on the premises on the 18th of November next, and will continue until the 5th, where due attention will be given by the subscriber or his agent—the purchaser giving bond and approved security—one third of the purchase money to be paid in three months from the day of sale, the remaining two thirds payable in eighteen months from the day of sale; at which time a general warranty deed will be executed for said lots. Lucas Sullivan.
Twenty Dollars Reward.
STRAYED from the subscriber, the 3d of April last, a black Mare about fourteen hands and a half high, five or six years old, branded on the right shoulder, though not perceivable unless shed, a small star, natural trotter.
Also, a bay yearling horse colt, dark mane and tail, with a small star, was rubbed on the nose and under jaw by putting on a muzzle. I will give the above reward if brought to me, or ten dollars for such information that I get them. James Davies. Madison county, Nov. 13, '97.
BLANK DEEDS for sale at this Office.
Five Dollars Reward,
STRAYED from my plantation the latter end of September last, a bay Horse, four years old, about fourteen hands one inch high, a long bob tail, branded on the near buttock thus W, paces and trots, I think he has a small star in his forehead, I will give the above reward to any Person who will deliver said horse to me or to Col. James F. Moore at Mann's lick to whom he belongs. JOHN CRITTENDEN.
FOR SALE,
For Cash and Country Produce,
A TRACT OF LAND, containing one hundred and one acres and a half, twenty-five of which are cleared—The land is of good quality, well watered and timbered, and has on it three cabins and a peach orchard, situated on the Kentucky river, between Jack's and Tate's creeks, about fifteen miles from Lexington, and well situated for a ferry. An indisputable title will be given—For particulars enquire of POYZER & Co. Lexington, Oct. 18.
Franklin District (to wit.) August Term, 1797.
John Patrick, Complainant, AGAINST James Wilkinson, and McConnel's heirs et alii Defendants.
IN CHANCERY. ON the motion of the Complainant by his counsel, and it appearing to the court that the order to advertise, formerly awarded herein, against the defendant Wilkinson, has not been published agreeably to law, and the said James still appearing to be no inhabitant of this state & having also failed to enter his appearance herein agreeably to a rule of court—it is therefore ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the third day of the next December term of this court, and answer the bill of the complainant—and that a copy of this order be inserted in the Kentucky Gazette for two months successively, and published at the door of Hickman's meeting-house on some Sunday immediately after divine service, and at the front door of the state-house in the town of Frankfort. (A Copy) Teste, Willis Lee, C. F. D.
NOTICE.
ALL persons indebted to the subscriber, are requested to pay their respective balances, as he intends going to Baltimore and Philadelphia by the first of December next. He has on hand a good assortment of Winter and other GOODS, Which will be sold VERY CHEAP.
ALSO,
2200 acres of good LAND, On Raven creek, Harrison county; this land lies about eleven miles from the town of Cynthiana. If necessary it will be sold in small tracts to accommodate purchasers. The terms of sale—one third in hand, and a credit of one and two years for the balance. Mr. Andrew Hampton, or Mr. William Nelson, who live joining this land will shew it. For further particulars apply to WILLIAM WEST. Lexington, October 20.
NOTICE.
ALL persons indebted to the subscriber, either by bond, note or book account, are requested to come forward and make payment to Mr. Thomas C. Howard, on or before the 15th of this inst. as I intend setting out for Baltimore and Philadelphia, about that time. Those who do not avail themselves of this notice, may rest assured that they shall be dealt with as the law directs, at the expiration of said time—therefore I am in hopes this notice will be attended to, without further trouble, as I am determined to have all my accounts finally settled by the 1st day of December next. GEO. TEGARDEN. September 5, 1797.
Georgetown Fulling Mill.
I HEREBY inform my customers, and the public in general, that Mr. James Bunn, who worked my mill last season, works her again this season, and will attend at Lexington, the first day of every Fayette court, at the house of Mr. Louis B. Brent, to receive and deliver cloth; and also at the house of Mr. Hugh Brent, in Paris, Bourbon county the first day of every court, for the same purpose. Elizah Craig. November 11. 1797.
BLANK BONDS, for sale at this Office.