The Massachusetts spy, or, Thomas's Boston journal (Boston [Mass.]), 1774-07-16 00:00:00

THE Massachusetts Spy
Or, Thomas's Boston Journal.
MAY 2 1908
A Weekly, Political, and Commercial PAPER:--Open to ALL Parties, but Influenced by None.
'DO THOU Great LIBERTY INSPIRE our Souls,--And make our Lives in THY Possession happy,--Or, our Deaths glorious in THY JUST Defence.'
VOL. IV.]
THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 1774.
[NUMB. 176.]
A Boarding School for young Ladies, after the most approved English Method will be opened from this Time forth by
ELEANOR DRUITT, In Hanover-Street, near Concert-Hall. The Ladies, besides being tenderly and carefully looked after, and instructed in every Part of their Behaviour, are taught English and French grammatically, all Sorts of Needle-Work, plain and in Colours, Tambour, Grotto, Bude, Bugle, and Paper-Works.
Her Terms will be the most moderate and such as to convince the Enquirers they are reasonable indeed. Those who shall be pleased to intrust her with the Care of their Children, may rely that the Attainment of those desirable Ends, shall ever engage her assiduous Attention. Epistolary Correspondence, Writing and Arithmetic in the most concise Manner, taught by
JOHN DRUITT. Recreation and Exercise as contributing to the Health and Vigour both of Mind and Body, go Hand in Hand with a Variety of Employments. The Faults and Defects of young Persons are sought to be rectified by Perseverance, mild and gentle Usage, Encouragements and Rewards, rather than severe Treatment, except when the latter is absolutely necessary. * * * The Day School as usual.
Steel Plate MILL SAWS.
A NUMBER of Very fine English Steel Plate MILL SAWS suitable for the Eastward, use superior to any ever in America before, is just arrived, and to be SOLD by
CHARLES SIGOURNEY. At his Shop at the Head of Dock-Square, Opposite Greenleaf's Auction-Room, Boston. With a Large Assortment of all Sorts of Braiziers, Ironmongery, Cutlery and Ship Chandlery GOODS, Consisting of every Article that is Imported in the Hard Ware Branch, and too many to be enumerated in an Advertisement. Those who want to purchase by Wholesale, will find it worth their while to call, as he is determined to sell as low as any person in town. ALSO, Double refined English Sugar, Copperas and Allum.
Painters Oil and Colours. JUST ARRIVED.
A GENERAL Assortment of Painters Colours and Oil, and to be SOLD by CHARLES SIGOURNEY, At his Shop at the Head of Dock-Square, Boston. ALSO, Window Glass, Nails of all sorts, &c. &c.
An Invoice of Painters Colours, To be SOLD, very low, consisting of Red and White Lead, Spanish White and Brown, and a few Casks of OIL. [Being a Consignment.]
DUNCAN INGRAHAM, jun. Has just Imported in the Boston Packet, Captain LYDE, a very Great Variety of Hosiery, which for Fabrick and Cheapness is not exceeded in Boston. His Assortment is as follows, viz.
MEN'S China white rib'd and plain Silk Hose, from 4s. to 7s. the pair. Ditto random rib'd and plain ditto, from 4s. 5s. to 5s. 10s. Ditto Outsize ditto. Ditto black and white silk Gloves, Ditto white and random Spun Silk ditto, Ditto white, brown and random thread ditto all prizes, Ditto Cotton ditto, Ditto white and brown thread Socks, Ditto plain and rib'd Worsted ditto, Black Breeches Patterns from 32s. 6d. to 5s. Women's Cotton Hose, from 17s. 6d. to 5s. the pair, Boy's cotton, white, brown and random thread Hose, all prizes, Women's black, white and coloured Silk Mitts and Gloves, Girl's ditto, some Lace
ALSO, A Variety of Callicoes, Chintzs, Sattinets, Dimothys, Fustians, Jeans, Ravens and Russia Duck, &c. &c. &c.
GARDEN SEEDS.
Imported in Captain GORMAN from LONDON, And to be SOLD by LYDIA DYAR, At her Shop near the North Battery, Boston,
EARLY charlton, early hotspur, golden hotspur, large marrowfat, dwarf marrow, blue marrow and Spanish morotto Peas, large Windsor, large Token, early Lisbon, early Hotspur, early yellow Dwarf, early speckled ditto, and early white Beans with black eyes, early Yorkshire, early Dutch, Sugar Loaf, Battersea, large winter, green and yellow Savoy, early and late Colliflower Seeds, best Cabbage Lettuce, white Gofs, green Gofs, marble and brown Dutch Lettuce Seeds, best double Pepper Grass, round Spinage, short top and Salmon Raddish, scarlet Raddish, double Parsley, white Spanish, silver-skin and red Onion Seeds, long green prickly and early cucumber Seeds, sweet Marjoram, Thyme, Baum, Sage, early Dutch, and late Turnip Seeds, large swelling Parisian, red Beets, Orange, golden coloured, early yellow and purple Carrot Seeds, red Clover, Herds Grass, and Canary Seeds, winter and summer Squash, long French Turnip, Hyson, and a variety of Flower Seeds, warranted to be new and good. (4 m.)
GARDEN SEEDS Just IMPORTED in Capt. HOOD, And to be SOLD by
ANNA JOHNSON, At the head of BLACK-HORSE LANE, A Large Assortment of Garden Seeds, Pease, Beans, &c. Among which are,
EARLY charlton, early golden hotspur, Ormand hotspur, Spanish morotto, white round, dwarf marrowfat and bush pease, large Windsor, true early Lisbon, early yellow six weeks white kidney and fine token beans, early Yorkshire, Dutch sugar loaf, Battersea, savoy, red and broccoli cabbage feed, colliflower, cucumber, onion, carrot, turnip, radish and lettuce of all sorts, round spinage, endive, celery and asparagus, thyme, baum, sweet marjoram, broad clover, white Dutch clover, la lucerne, rape, canary, and an assortment of flower seeds and herds grass seeds. Also, a variety of other seeds not mentioned; all which were imported from the Seeds Men in London, and are warranted to be fresh and good and of the last year's produce.
A MANUFACTURER in a considerable branch, proposes to deal in wholesale only for facility for trade, and any merchant or trader inclining to encourage any Manufacturer by applying to the printer may be informed who the Manufacturer is, and the article manufactured; the present scarce circulation of cash and other reasons that might begin, will induce the merchants and traders to seek out this and every other Manufacturer established on the same principles, viz. that the manufacturer will have a living by his calling, and the merchant and trader will have their business in trade.
Wanted Three Hundred and Eighty pounds L. M. for which a Real Estate will be given as security, just seven and an half miles from Boston, which sold for Eight hundred pounds L. M. twenty three years ago and is now two hundred pounds L. M. better than ever it was by additional improvements made upon it in the course of last year, viz. two hundred and eighty for a year, to secure a mortgage now upon said estate, and an hundred pounds for six months, to answer present exigencies, unless the lender chooses that said hundred pounds should run the year. Enquire as above.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY, ONE Hundred Pounds, lawful money, for which good Security will be given. Enquire of the Printer.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY, TWO HUNDRED POUNDS, Lawful Money, by a Person in good Business in this Town. Enquire of the Printer.
LOST, supposed to be stolen, a SILVER TABLE SPOON, marked L. M. almost new. If it should be offered for Sale, it is desired it may be stopped, and information given to the Printer.
CHOICE PEAS, Isle of Shoals DUMB FISH, BEEF, RYE, a few barrels RYE FLOUR and PORK, to be SOLD by JOHN BARRETT and SONS.
TO BE SOLD on board the Brig WILLIAM and ELIZABETH, lying at PULLING's Wharf, SUNDAY Articles just imported from New-Castle, viz. Cream-coloured Ware in Crates, a Cable 120 Fathom, Running Rigging, &c. English Duck, Nails of different sizes, Mustard in quarter Pound Bottles, Pipes, Hats of all sorts, Box and Flat Irons, Kitchen Jacks, Threads, and two patent Carriage Machines, with about a ton of round Bolts of all sizes. Enquire of ASKEW HILLCOAT, On board said Brig.
This day was published, price 1s. 6d. And sold by EDES & GILL, in Queen-Street, OBSERVATIONS on the Act of Parliament commonly called the BOSTON PORT-BILL; with Thoughts on Civil Society and Standing Armies. Dedicated to the Freeholders and Yeomanry of the Country. By JOSIAH QUINCY, jun.
TO BE LET, For one, two or three Years, And may be entered upon immediately, A LARGE convenient Dwelling-House, in Beverly, near the Ferry, with four Rooms on a Floor, and a good Wharf. For further Particulars enquire of Capt. WILLIAM MORGAN, the Owner, living in said Beverly.
THE following Articles are to be sold extremely cheap, and for which any kind of Merchandise will be taken for pay, viz. A genteel Riding Chair, one double and one single Sley, an excellent smoke-jack, with chains, &c. and one common ditto complete, two Iron Cranes, one large walnut Table, a long entertaining ditto. With many other articles useful in a public house. Also, a complete set of Founders Tools, such as patterns for casting almost every article usually made in brass, with screws, iron mortar, Furnace, Foot Wheel, &c. &c. Like-wise a few barrels of Cyder. Enquire of the Printer.
TO be sold or let, only for want of Em-ploy, a young Negro man, who is capable of transacting any business in a family. Enquire of the Printer.
SILKS And Superfine BROAD CLOTHS.
A PRIME assortment of Padusoys, Du-capes, Lutestrings; plain and figured Sattins, Damasks, Sarinets, &c.--superfine fashionable coloured Broad Cloths, with suitable Linings and Trimmings; To be Sold at an exceeding low rate, by JOHN BARRETT and SONS, At their Shop near the Mill-Bridge, Boston, Where may be had, all kinds of English, Scotch, India, Hard-Ware and Cutlery GOODS, By Wholesale or Retail, Extremely cheap for Cash or short Credit.
MR. THOMAS. As some of my worthy friends have thought (not a little to my disadvantage) that I was a signer to the address to the late governor Mr. Hutchinson, I beg leave thro' the channel of your paper, to acquaint them, that it is a mistake, and easily to be accounted for, when the resentment is allowed for which the reading of this letter raises in the breast of every friend to the community, together with the near sound, Nathaniel Greenwood bears with that of Nathaniel Greenwood; but his friends may be assured he never saw the address, till it was in the paper of 30th instant, and consequently never signed it. The said
NATHANIEL GREENOUGH Has imported in the several vessels arrived here this spring, a large assortment of English goods, suited to the season, among his goods are CHINA WARE, SPICES, and a grand assortment of HOSIERY. Mens Silk Hose, Plain White Ribb'd and Random, Men's Women and Children's Thread and Cotton ditto. Men's and Women's Black and White Silk Gloves, Women and Childrens Black White and Colour'd Silk Mitts, &c. &c. &c. The smallest favour of those who will please to favour him with their Custom shall be esteemed and regarded by him.
ALL Persons having demands on the Estate of Samuel Webb, Taylor, late of Woolwich deceased, are desired to bring in their accounts to Sarah Webb, administratrix on said estate, and all those indebted to said estate, are desired to pay the same immediately. Woburn, May 29. SARAH WEBB.
Boston, June 1, 1774. RAN away from the subscriber an apprentice boy, named Josiah Cobb, about sixteen years of age; a short, thick-set lad, had on when he went away a short light-coloured jacket something ragged. Whoever will give information where he may be found, shall be entitled to a reward of two dollars. NATHAN GREEN.
TO THE PUBLIC. AS the times are threatening it behoves one and all to go to the most frugal methods to encourage our own Manufactures, and as there is a great consumption of Gloves in this large Country, we can manufacture enough here, to supply the whole Continent, which will employ our own people, and keep a large sum of Money here, which is annually sent to England for Gloves and which are better and cheaper than can be imported from England: It is hoped therefore, that the importation of this article at least will be totally stopped.
These may certify, that Philip Freeman, will supply Merchants and Shop-keepers with the following, viz. Buck-Skin GLOVES, Norway Doe, ditto Purple, ditto Wash Leather, ditto Beaver Skin, on the most reasonable terms, at the blue Glove in Union-Street, facing the sign of the Corn-Fields, near the Dock, Boston.
THE great demand for this paper, has often occasioned many good customers being disappointed, for which the publisher is very sorry: He will, in future, endeavour to prevent any thing of the like kind happening, so long as he may have the honour of being an hand-servant to the public.
The gloomy prospect of public affairs, at present, in this devoted capital, has occasioned some pressing Demands upon him, which with great reluctance he informs his customers, he can by no means answer without their kind assistance: He is loath to trouble them with a 'dunning' advertisement, but his affairs make it necessary: His customers in the country towns in this province, and those in the other colonies, he hopes will take proper notice of it, and consider there is no possibility, (especially for a young beginner) in carrying on business without regular payments.
A work of this kind, it is well known is attended with great expence, and he begs leave to mention, that the MASSACHUSETTS SPY is a third larger than any News-Paper published in this province, and contains as much News, as many Political Essays, as any in America; and is the cheapest on the globe.
I. THOMAS. Boston, June 9, 1774.
For the MASSACHUSETTS SPY. MR. THOMAS, When a Lover becomes satisfied by small compliances, without further pursuit, then expect to find POWERFUL Assemblies content with small concessions. See DEAN SWIFT's Works.
A WRITER under the signature of MERCATOR, in the last Paper of MESSRS. FLEETS, hath delivered his sentiments with that apparent modesty of address and plausibility of reasoning, that he merits attention and candour. I wish that he had not concealed his name, that I might have given him my own, without being on unequal ground with him. It is a matter of devotion to be with him, in such trying times, as the present, that good citizens would avoid all concealment. Let us speak freely like MEN of fortitude; let us speak OPENLY, like MEN conscious of good intentions. The world would be better able to judge of the motives to public conduct, and would be in less danger of being deceived by our errors, if all public writers gave their names, when they published their sentiments, to the world.
Mercator makes a just (though trite) observation, when he says, with reference to the present day, "men too often suffer their passions to predominate over their reason." THE WISE MAN made an equally true one, when he told us that "OPPRESSION maketh a wise man MAD." To drive men to the precipice of distraction and despair; and tell them to be temperate and calm, may be the language of the moralist and sage: But the orders of Nature, the decrees of GOD must be changed, before men will obey the voice of such wisdom. The policy of temperance and consideration is of wonderful efficacy in this world: The cool MACHIAVELIAN consults the codes of such policy in his closet; he practises upon such principles in the senate: But mankind are not made, they were not intended for such politicians: To feel--and to ACT are the essentials of the very constitution of man. Wise legislators are skilled in the science of the human heart; upon this knowledge they form their laws: They never expect an invasion of the laws of God in the heart of man; they treat man, as MAN.
Mercator speaks of measures, originating in vanity or private interests, at length supported by the most inveterate prejudice. As I know of no public measures, in this province, which have had this origin, or this center, I cannot apply his observation, till the writer will be pleased to be more explicit. When he says, "the present divided state of this town is a proof of his observation," he gives his own opinion: But till he shall afford evidence of a division greater, than what all intelligent persons fore-saw; until he shall show a natural and close connection between the fault advanced, and the conclusion drawn, he will find few converts to his position and doctrine.
Was the destruction of the Tea a measure that originated in vanity or private interests? Or was it the natural effect of the passions of men, who conceived its landing as slavery and death; who tried in vain EVERY LEGAL METHOD in order to avoid so intemperate a remedy? Had Mercator come forth, and like a good citizen convinced his countrymen, that their apprehensions were idle and chimerical; that Tea loaded with a duty, IMPOSED FOR THE PURPOSE OF RAISING A REVENUE in America, was a harmless matter; no doubt they would have been lulled into silence and inactivity: But while AMERICANS think, that bondage and misery are the inevitable concomitants, the eternal appendages of such a revenue; their natures will be distracted on such occasions; and distracted nature flies to DISTRACTING REMEDIES.
What divisions are there in this town, but such as will ever be, when the CRAFT is in danger. By this trade, we get our WEALTH: Great is DIANA of the Ephesians! The uproar at Ephesus of old was infinitely greater about their goddess, DIANA, than we shall ever see about that lustful dame, COMMERCE, in this enlightened section of the globe. But the force of TRUTH, though pressed only by such feeble instruments, as the poor fishermen of Galilee, prevailed. And prevail it will, while men have understandings to discern, and hearts to act.
When we see a publication upon our present "divided state," a careless observer would be induced to believe, that this division was extremely wide and terribly alarming. But let us go forth into the world, in comparison of THE MANY, NOW FEW, are the little host of unthinking merchants, unprincipled traders, eager dependants, and riotous spoilers. Their whole importance is encircled in the narrow limits of a coffee-house; their whole parade the borrowed plumeage of a military cap; their whole force the temporary fever of a passing camp.
When there is, apparently throughout this town, PROVINCE and CONTINENT, such a union of sentiment and resolution, the only design of treating upon our divided state seems to be, the exciting those jealousies in DISTANT BRETHREN, which may create divisions, not yet in existence.
However, I am not about to deny, that we in this town may be said to be divided. But how? As at the beginning, the few, the very few from THE MANY. Such a division, there has, and will exist, till VIRTUE is supremely triumphant, and vice deeply trodden to the center. It hath been the characteristic stain, the blasting curse of this town and province to have a greater number of malignant enemies in its bosom, than hath been the portion of any other colony on this wide extended continent.
The payment for the Tea (says the present writer) "cannot be considered as a concession to authority, but as a matter which results from the principles of equity." There is something of plausibility in this, but much more of something else.
The people who destroyed the Tea would reason thus. The Tea we consider as a fatal evil; we wish to proceed not a step beside the line of law and moderation. We will try every probable, yes, every possible measure before we proceed to extremities. A man, who sees an enemy advance with a drawn sword, will never patiently receive the fatal blow. The coolest sage will first parry the stroke of an adversary, and give him notice that he loses his aim: But if the foe will advance, and the alternative become that, receive the point of my steel, or repel me with strength of your arm; MEN, CITIZENS and savages ALL ACT ALIKE in such extremities. A mortal foe extends a deadly poison: Drink, be poisoned, and DIE. To endeavour to put aside the cup

is all that can be expected of the calmest philosopher. This done, to dash the cup to the ground, is all that remains. This reasoning may be liable to exception; it may be thought not conclusive. I am not answerable for its justness. 'Tis enough for me, if MEN thus touched will thus feel, REASON and ACT.
Admit, then, for argument's sake, that the Tea was wrongfully destroyed. Admit, that so far as it relates to the destroyers of it, "payment for the Tea is a matter resulting from the principle of equity." How does this principle effect those who did not join in the action? How effect the inhabitants of Boston who never gave it their sanction? Do the principles of equity reach, that he who did not commit the injury shall make the reparation? Let us see this new volume of distributive justice, this new code of modern equity, which contains such novel doctrines.
Is it not to be supposed, that he who is conscious of having done no wrong, will be pertinacious, in the extreme, against a demand of recompence? Will he not consider, that to repair the injury is a tacit concession of his guilt, and that the justice of those who have inflicted a punishment? Be assured that the town of Boston will never mark themselves as the authors of an action they never committed; and thereby ratify a punishment they never deserved.
But we are told that the "act" for stopping our port is "enforced by the most incontestible argument, the ultima ratio regum." Be it so. Is that a reason for our acting a part unbecoming our innocence; disgraceful to us as men; infamous in the extreme, as ENGLISHMEN? Doth the story of time tell us of one king brought to his senses by his subjects submitting to his ultima ratio? Doth history record one instance of a tyrant softened to humanity by a compliance with his savage institutions? Is it the nature of oppressors to become lenient, tender and mild, when there is an acquiescence under their impositions? Directly the reverse of all this is the history of the human heart—the experience of ages. No longer amuse us, with the dreams of a maniac. Show us the justice, show us the equity of the British parliament. We will listen to the information. We will scan the evidence. We believe they seek our destruction. We know their power. WE EXPECT A CONFLICT. GOD prepare us for the trial!
Mercator seriously tells us, that "payment for the Tea cannot be considered as a concession to authority." What! A compliance with the prescription of a legislator, no concession to his authority? Strange reasoner! If justice is to govern our conduct, point us to all those who are injured; ascertain the quantum of their damage; and DISCOVER THE PERSONS GUILTY OF THE INJURY. Then, and not till then, talk of justice and payment from principles of equity.
We know with Mercator, that "malicious reports are circulated to the disadvantage of the colonists." We know the men who have done it; and we know also, that their hearts are obdurate, their consciences seared; and that nothing that we can do, which we ought to do, will abate their pride, or assuage their malice. But we trust we shall confound their devices.
We are all satisfied, that there is "no greater reason for enforcing the act here, than for extending its influence to any other colony." THE COLONIES ARE ALL SENSIBLE OF THIS LIKewise. Therefore, we shall not make a payment for a damage we never did, in order to promote "A UNION," which is forming with a rapidity, and cementing with a firmness that NO POWER, under Heaven, shall be able to dissolve.
CINCINNATUS. * The reader is desired to peruse again the printed accounts of the procedure with the Tea. Some people seem to have forgot how Governor Hutchinson and the Consignees acted on the occasion.
For the MASSACHUSETTS SPY. Mr. THOMAS, I HAVE read with attention, the pieces in Messrs. Mills and Hicks's paper of last Monday, signed W. O. and P. R. Both these writers, seem to acknowledge the injustice and cruelty of the act of parliament, which immediately distresses Boston, and is evidently intended to enslave America; and they propose a submission to tyranny in order to be relieved from it, since "on the side of the oppressor is power." This is certainly an important question, and deserves our most serious attention; and after mature deliberation, many important reasons appear against paying for the Tea, or any submission to the present tyranny.
1. The Tea was sent here for the wicked purpose of enslaving the colonies, and the people were under the necessity of destroying it to prevent the evils which were intended by our enemies, therefore it was a just act of self-defence. 2. The India company were criminal in sending their dutied Tea to America, as they knew it tended to fix an unrighteous revenue, and enslave their American brethren, therefore in reason and justice they ought never to receive a farthing for their noxious Tea; but are bound by the ties of justice and honour to make a compensation to the people here for the injury they have received from the company by means of sending the Tea. It is probable that America will suffer (unless a kind Providence should defeat the ministerial design) millions by this injurious plan which the India company have adopted, and according to the rules of equity they ought to make good the damage; and will any one now say, that this people ought to pay for the Tea? 3. All the colonies are now considered as one body politic, whose general liberty and interest is inseparable, and therefore no concessions to arbitrary power must be made, nor any important steps taken by one colony without consulting the whole in congress; and for this reason we ought to wait for the meeting of the congress that we may be assisted by the joint wisdom of the colonies.
4. As to the probability of obtaining relief without a mean submission to tyranny, I apprehend it is very great; for the act is such a flagrant violation of all the principles of justice and humanity, that every good man in the nation will exert his influence to have this reproach wiped away as soon as possible—the nation will be alarmed with the various calamities which this act will bring upon them by stopping their trade with America, and the measures that our States General may adopt. They will be alarmed with the apprehension of a French and Spanish war. And in this great shifting scene of political affairs, it cannot be supposed that France, who for many important reasons wants a free trade with America, will remain a silent spectator—the will doubtless think it a good opportunity to open her ports to the Americans, and endeavour by all means to gain their trade and friendship; and these considerations will induce Britain to do America justice.
AN AMERICAN. From the PENNSYLVANIA GAZETTE. [The following Letters, are said to be the production of the celebrated AMERICAN FARMER,] LETTER I. To the Inhabitants of the British Colonies in AMERICA. Brethren,
DIVINE Providence has been pleased to place us in this age and country under such circumstances as to be reduced to the necessity of choosing one of these conditions—either to submit to the dominion of others, holding our lives, liberties, and properties, by the precarious tenure of their will—or to exert that understanding, resolution and power, with which Heaven has favoured us, in striving to maintain our rank in the class of freemen. The importance of these objects is so immensely great, and the treatment of one of these colonies so extremely alarming, as to call for your most earnest and immediate consideration. The subject of the present dispute between Great-Britain and us is so generally understood, that to enlarge upon it is needless. We know the extent of her claims. We begin to feel the enforcement of those claims. We may foresee the consequences of them; for reason, teaching us to infer actions from principles, and events from examples, should convince us what a perdition of servitude is to be
fixed on us and our posterity. I call it perdition—because the wit of man, it is apprehended, cannot devise a plan of domination more completely tending to bear down the governed into the lowest and meanest state in society, than that now meditated, avowed, and in part executed on this continent.
If this system becomes established, it may, with truth, be said of the inhabitants of these colonies, "that they hold their lives, liberties, and properties, by the precarious tenure of the will of others."
Allowing the danger to be real—At the prospect of so object and so lasting a subjection; what must be the sentiments of judicious and virtuous Americans? They will quickly determine whether the first part of the alternative should be adopted.
Here arguments would be absurd. Not more ridiculous would be an attempt to prove vice preferable to virtue—the climate of St. Vincent more pleasant than that of Pennsylvania—the natives of Indostan under the government of the East-India company, as happy as English freeholders—or the inhabitants of Great-Britain more loyal subjects than those of the colonies.
That liberty is inestimable—and should, if possible, be preserved—you know. To pretend to convince you of the truth of the former proposition, or of the duty of the latter, would be to insult you.
You must be, you are resolved to observe the proper conduct for securing your best and dearest interests. What that may be deserves—demands—your closest attention—your calmest deliberation.
On this head I venture to submit some observations to your consideration. I am, by every tie of interest and duty, an American; and unless my heart deceives me, I am an American in affection. My fortunes, hopes, and wishes, are bound up in your prosperity. With my countrymen I must mourn or rejoice; and, therefore, though I am perfectly sensible I cannot prevent to them reflections arising from great abilities, or extensive learning, and adorned by elegance of composition, yet I trust they will lend a careful and candid attention to plain thoughts, dictated, by honest intentions, and a participation of afflictions. Aiming solely at your welfare, and not at the trifling reputation of a writer, far be from me the overweening presumption, that my opinions are free from error. Conscious of my frailties, I desire those opinions to be severely examined. The correction of them will confer a real obligation upon me, if it serves my country; and happy shall I esteem myself, if the detection of my mistakes shall open to you a clear view of the most expedient measures to be pursued.
There are some men who say, that the late Act of Parliament, abolishing the privileges of the port of Boston, was occasioned by the particular imprudence of the inhabitants, and in no manner concerns the other colonies.
To form a true judgment on this point, it will be proper to take a short review of some other transactions.
Great-Britain, triumphant by your assistance in the late war, found, at the conclusion of it, by a peace hastily bestowed on her haughty and hereditary foes, her dominions enlarged—her fleets formidable—her armies disciplined—her trade flourishing—her enemies intimidated and exhausted—her colonies thriving, affectionate and dutiful.
The cup of prosperity, large and full, coursed her lips. Deep she drank of the enchanted beverage, as if the vessel, like the crane of Sarepta's widow, could not fail. After a short, but feverish reposte, she roused herself, may I say—as one of Homer's giants—a race—
"By whom no statutes and no rights were known," to injure those who never injured her. She had conquered her enemies. That other kingdoms had done. Should no exploits of a more transcendent energy illustrate the annals of GEORGE the third? No achievements so shockingly great and advantageous, that even the pensioned historians of the animated Era must weep in tracing them, and blush in reciting them? Luckily for her fame—perhaps for her profit—the near sighted policy and low spirited humanity of every state, in every period, had left untouched, for her, the novel glory of conquering Friends—Children—Flesh of her Flesh, and Bone of her Bone, unstained by any former reproach—resting in a perfect tranquillity, acknowledged loyalty, and actual obedience to every kind of authority hitherto exercised by her over them—perpetually pouring into her lap those fruits of their labour and industry, which she would permit them to collect from the different parts of the world—proud of their connection with her—confiding in her—loving—revering—almost adoring her—and ready and willing, as they ever had been, to spend their treasure and their blood at her request—in her cause.
† "Percere Superbis, et debellare Subiectos," was a thought that had escaped the sagacity of statesmen, and even the fancy of poets. The subtlety of Machiavel's Italian brain had missed it—and no Boeotian had blundered upon it.
The temptation was too great to be resisted—The parent resolved to seize that treasure, and if not tamely resigned, to spill that blood herself. ‡ "O sapienti et beata Regina."
The greatest of ministers, who had heretofore conducted her affairs, had discovered and declared that we were continually toiling for her benefit—that she was sure of receiving, in the course of commerce, all those emoluments of our labour, which reason could require—and tenderly cherished and supported us. Notions too dull! and advantages too just! to merit the slightest regard from his present Majesty's enlightened and magnanimous counsellors.
"They lavish gold out of the bag, and weigh silver in the balance—they fall down, yea, they worship (them)—remember this, and shew yourselves men." Isaiah, Ch. xlv. P. P.
[To be Continued.]
* "Non nobis nati sumus. It is for our posterity we desire to provide—that they may not be in worse case than we are: For a FREE-MAN to be TENANT AT WILL for his LIBERTY! I will not agree to it. It is a tenure not to be found in all Littleton." Speech of Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chief Justice. Parliamentary History, Vol. 8, Page 61.
† To spair the proud, and to suldue the subject.
‡ O wise and happy Queen.
§ Sir Robert Walpole, and every other minister to whom the project of taxing the Colonies was mentioned, rejected it.
"When I had the honour of serving his Majesty, I availed myself of the means of information, which I derived from my office. I speak, therefore, from knowledge. My materials were good. I was at pains to collect, to digest, to consider them; and I will be bold to affirm, that the profit of Great-Britain from the trade of the Colonies, through all its branches, is two millions a year. This is the fund that carried you triumphantly through the last war. The estates that were rented at two hundred pounds a year, three-score years ago, are three thousand pounds at present. Those estates sold then from fifteen to eighteen years purchase; the same may now be sold for thirty. You owe this to America. This is the price that America pays you for her protection. I dare not say how much higher these profits may be augmented—Upon the whole, I will beg leave to tell the House what is really my opinion; it is, that the Stamp-Act be repealed absolutely, totally and immediately. That the reason for the repeal be assigned, because it was founded on an erroneous principle."
Mr. PITT's Speech. All the most distinguished writers on the trade of Great-Britain, previous to the present reign, held a language entirely agreeing with Mr. Pitt's sentiments. See Davenant, Child, Tucker, Beawes. Postscript to the same.
NOTICE is hereby given to all who desire Admission into HARVARD COLLEGE this Year, that the Tutors have determined to attend the Business of Examination on Tuesday and Wednesday, the 19th and 20th Days of July next.
J. WADSWORTH, per Order. Harvard College, June 14, 1774.
The following RESOLUTIONS of the large and respectable County of Baltimore in Maryland, just come to hand, cannot but afford great Satisfaction to the Friends of Liberty through the Province.
At a general meeting of the Freeholders, Gentlemen, Merchants, Tradesmen, and other Inhabitants of BALTIMORE COUNTY, held at the Court-House of the said County on Tuesday the 31st May, 1774.
Capt. CHARLES RIDGLEY, Chairman.
RESOLVED, 1st. THAT it is the opinion of this Meeting, that the town of Boston is now suffering in the common cause of America, and that it is the duty of every colony in America to unite in the most effectual means to obtain a repeal of the late Act of Parliament for blocking up the harbour of Boston.—Dissatisfied three.
II. That it is the opinion of this meeting, that if the colonies come into a joint resolution to stop importations from, and exportations to Great-Britain and the West-Indies, until the act for blocking up the harbour of Boston be repealed: The same may be the means of preserving North-America in her liberties.—Dissatisfied three.
III. That therefore the inhabitants of this county will join in an association with the several counties in this province and the principal colonies in America, to put a stop to exports to Great-Britain and the West-Indies, after the 1st day of October next, or such other day as may be agreed on, and to put a stop to the imports from Great-Britain, after the first day of December next, or such other day as may be agreed upon, until the said act shall be repealed, and that such association shall be upon oath.—Dissatisfied nine.
IV. Unanimously.—That it is the opinion of this meeting, that as the most effectual means of uniting all parts of this province in such association, as proposed, a general congress of deputies from each county be held at Annapolis, at such time as may be agreed upon, and that if agreeable to the sense of our sister colonies, delegates shall be appointed from this province to attend a general congress of delegates from the other colonies, at such time and place as shall be agreed on, in order to settle and establish a general plan of conduct for the important purposes above-mentioned.
V. Unanimously.—That the inhabitants of this county will, and it is the opinion of this meeting, that this province ought to break off all trade and dealings with that colony, province or town, which shall decline or refuse to come into similar resolutions with a majority of the colonies.
VI. That Capt. Charles Ridgley, Charles Ridgley, son of John, Walter Tolley, jun. Thomas Cocke Deyo, William Lux, Robert Alexander, Samuel Purviance, jun. John Moale, Andrew Buchanan, and George Ritche, be a committee to attend a general meeting at Annapolis. And that the same gentlemen, together with John Smith, Thomas Harrison, William Buchanan, Benjamin Nicholson, Thomas Sollars, William Smith, James Gettings, Richard Moale, Jonathan Plowman, and William Spear, be a committee of correspondence to receive and answer all letters, and on any emergency, to call a general meeting, and that any six of the number have power to act.
VII. That a copy of the proceedings be transmitted to the several counties of this province, directed to their committee of correspondence, and be also published in the Maryland Gazette, to evince to all the world the sense they entertain of the invasion of their constitutional rights and liberties.
VIII. That the Chairman be desired to return the thanks of this meeting to the gentlemen of the committee of correspondence from Annapolis, for their polite personal attendance, in consequence of an invitation by the committee of correspondence for Baltimore-Town.
Signed by order, WILLIAM LUX, Clerk.
THURSDAY, June 16. BOSTON.
The good PEOPLE of this town are reminded that their TOWN MEETING stands adjourned to TO-MORROW Morning at 10 o'clock, at which time it is requested there may be a general attendance, as matters of great importance will come before them.
BOSTONIANS! remember the eyes of all America are upon you, and their hands ready to assist you—Be firm and act like men determined to be FREE!
The first of June inst. when the Boston Port-Bill took place, was observed by the inhabitants of Hartford, in Connecticut, as a day of mourning; the bells began to toll early in the morning, and continued till evening; the town-house was hung with black, and the edict affixed thereto; the shops were all shut, and their windows covered with black, and other ensigns of distress.
We hear that the patriotic inhabitants of Philadelphia have generously voted to give the poor of this town 1500 barrels of Flour, 500 of which, it is said, may be soon expected.
We are told that the Address of his Majesty's Council to Governor Gage, in answer to his speech at the opening of the present session, met with a very unfavourable reception.
The two Houses of the General Court have made choice of the Rev. Mr. Diman, of Salem, for their Chaplain.
We have heard of several neighbouring congregational churches who have set apart days of Fasting and Prayer, on account of the present melancholy aspect of our public affairs.
It seems now to be the general sense of the continent that a CONGRESS of Deputies from all the American Governments, be held as soon as possible, in order to concert effectual measures for defeating the despotic designs of our enemies.
Most of the stores on the Long-Wharf are now shut up; hundreds of the poor are out of employ, and many who lived gently will soon be reduced to the Last Shilling. Yet under these unhappy circumstances, people in general have that fortitude which did honour to the ancient Romans. "Undaunted by Tyrants, we'll die or be free."
Tuesday last the 4th, or King's own, regiment landed from on board the transports, lying at the Long-Wharf, and marched to the Common, where they are encamped.
Yesterday the 43d regiment landed on the Long-Wharf, and are now encamped on the Common.
We are informed that the 5th and 38th regiments are hourly expected to arrive here.
Instead of our brethren, at the Southward, advising to pay for the tea, letters received last night from Philadelphia, contain the most cogent arguments to the contrary, that have yet appeared. They cannot have justice done them by such contravention as they must suffer to have a place in this paper, but will be published next Monday.
A POLITICO-MERCANTILE CONGRESS, seems now to be the voice of all the Colonies from Nova-Scotia to Georgia; and New-York the place of meeting proposed by private letters: However, our generous brethren of that metropolis are pleased to complement Boston with the appointment both of time and place; which invitation will undoubtedly be accepted with grateful alacrity. Certainly the besieged inhabitants of this town can have no temptation to lose a moment on this occasion!
Yesterday afternoon there was a meeting of the Tradesmen of this town at Faneuil-Hall.
Last Wednesday his Excellency Governor Wentworth dissolved the General Assembly of New-Hampshire.
It is incredible to believe to what a pitch of Bravery and Heroism the English nation has arrived:—They have the courage, and unparallelled fortitude to cross the Atlantic and fight their own unarmed English Subjects, who are no ways disposed to hostilities, nor inclined to surrender their Liberties to the mercies of an abandoned Minister. But France and Spain are suffered to insult the nominal honours of the British nation with impunity.
An honest Friend lately arrived in a short passage from England discovering much acquaintance with the state of that kingdom was asked his opinion of the present troubles between Great-Britain and America; and answered, if you stand firmly together you will gain your point, otherwise you will altogether be ruined and enslaved. Three
quarters of England are in your favour, and if you exert yourselves as you ought, they will assuredly take your part.
One was inveighing bitterly against Lord North, in presence of a gentleman whose means of information was better than common, and was told by him that from any change of ostensible ministers little was to be hoped in favour of the rights of the people.
From these advices it is plain Americans are, under GOD, to seek redress in their own virtue, courage and unanimity; of which, through the smiles of Heaven, there is now a fair prospect throughout the colonies.
On the 17th of last month a very awful shock of an Earthquake was felt at Cape-Nicholas-Mole.
Extract of a Letter from Philadelphia, dated June 2, 1774. "Yesterday we had a pause in the business of this city, and a solemn pause indeed it was; if we except the Friends, I believe nine tenths of the citizens shut up their houses. The bells were rang muffled all the day, and the ships in the port had their colours half hoisted."
DIED.] At Halifax, Nova-Scotia, the Hon. Joseph Gerrish, Esq.; one of his Majesty's Council, Judge of the Inferior Court and Naval-Store keeper.
*† Several pieces from our Correspondents, and many articles of Intelligence from the Southward, with the proceedings of several capital towns on this continent, in behalf of their injured brethren in Boston, must be omitted for want of room.
The Resolves of the assembly of Connecticut, will be in our next.
WILLIAMSBURGH, in Virginia, May 26.
On Tuesday the house of Burgesses here came into the following Resolution: "This house being deeply impressed with apprehensions of the great dangers to be derived to British America from the hostile invasion of the city of Boston, in our sister colony of Massachusetts-Bay, whose commerce and harbour are, on the 1st of June next, to be stopped by an armed force, deem it highly necessary that the said 1st day of June be set apart by the members of this house as a day of fasting, humiliation, and prayer, devoutly to implore the divine interposition for averting the heavy calamity which threatens destruction to our civil rights, and the evils of civil war; to give us one heart, and one mind, firmly to oppose, by all just and proper means, every injury to American rights; and that the minds of his Majesty and his Parliament, may be inspired from above with wisdom, moderation, and justice, to remove from the loyal people of America all cause of danger from a continued pursuit of measures pregnant with their ruin." It was then Ordered, that the members should attend the Speaker and the mace to the Church in this city, on the 1st of June next, for the purpose aforesaid. Mr. Price, their Chaplain, was directed to preach a sermon suitable to the occasion.
On Thursday the 26th, the right hon. the Earl of Dunmore sent a Message to the House of Burgesses requiring their immediate attendance in the Council Chamber, when his Excellency spoke to them as follows, viz.
"Mr. Speaker, and Gentlemen of the House of Burgesses, 'I HAVE in my hand a paper, published by order of your house, conceived in such terms as reflect highly upon his Majesty and the Parliament of Great-Britain; which makes it necessary for me to dissolve you, and you are dissolved accordingly."
The next day the hon. Members of the late House of Burgesses met at the Raleigh tavern, when an agreement was unanimously entered into by that patriotic assembly, in support of the constitutional liberties of America, against the late oppressive act of the British Parliament respecting the town of Boston, which, in the end, must affect all the other colonies: The agreement was immediately signed by the speaker, and all the members of the late House, as well as by a number of Clergymen and other inhabitants.
NEW-YORK, June 9. Last Monday evening the committee of correspondence met, when they read and answered the dispatches brought by Mr. Cornelius Bradford from Boston. Next Monday they will assemble again, after which it is hoped, their proceedings will be published, for the information of their constituents; the times are critical, and big with interesting events which has occasioned the committee of correspondence at Philadelphia to promulgate their letter to Boston, and such other proceedings as were judged necessary for the satisfaction of the public.
QUEEN ANN'S COUNTY, (Maryland.)
As a meeting of a considerable number of the Magistrates and other respectable inhabitants of Queen-Ann's County at Queen's-Town, on the 30th day of May, 1774, in order to deliberate upon the tendency and effect of the Act of parliament for blocking up the port and harbour of Boston.
"DULY considering and deeply affected with the prospect of the unhappy situation of Great-Britain and British-America, under any kind of disunion. This meeting think themselves obliged by all the ties which ever ought to preserve a firm union amongst Americans, as speedily as possible to make known their sentiments to their distressed brethren of Boston, and therefore publish to the world—"
"That they look upon the cause of Boston, in its consequences, to be the common cause of America."
"That the act of parliament, for blocking up the port and harbour of Boston, appears to them a cruel and oppressive invasion of their natural rights as men, and constitutional rights as English subjects; and if not repealed will be a foundation for the utter destruction of American freedom."
"That all legal and constitutional means ought to be used by all America for procuring a repeal of the said act of parliament."
"That the only effectual means for obtaining such repeal, they are at present of opinion, is an association under the strongest ties, for breaking off all commercial connections with Great-Britain, until the said act of parliament be repealed, and the right assumed by parliament of taxing America in all cases whatsoever be given up, and American freedom ascertained, and settled upon a permanent and constitutional foundation."
"That the most practicable mode of forming such an effectual association they conceive to be a general meeting of gentlemen who are already, or shall be appointed committees, to form an American intercourse and correspondence upon this most interesting occasion."
"That in the mean time, they will form such particular association, as to them shall seem effectual, yet professing themselves ready to join in any reasonable general one, that may be devised as aforesaid."
"That these sentiments be immediately forwarded, to be printed in the next Maryland and Pennsylvania Gazettes."
"That Edward Tilghman, Solomon Wright, Turbut Wright, John Browne, Richard Tilghman Earle, James Hollyday, Thomas Wright, William Amesley, Adam Gray, Clement Sewell, Richard Tilghman, James Kent, John Kerr, James Bordley and William Burff, be a committee of correspondence and intercourse until some alteration is made in this appointment by a more general meeting."
Attested, by James Earle, clerk of the committee.
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TO-MORROW will be published, No. V. of the ROYAL AMERICAN MAGAZINE
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L O N D O N, April 26. An Authentic Account of Friday's DEBATE on the second Reading of the Bill for regulating the civil government of Massachusetts-Bay.
MR. Fuller said, he did not rise to make any debate, for he was not enabled as yet to form any opinion on whether the bill before the House was a proper bill, or not; as copies of the charters which had been ordered before the House were not yet laid. He would venture to say, that no man knew the constitution of that government; it was therefore impossible for him to say in what manner he would correct or amend it.
Sir George Savile said, he had not troubled the House before on the occasion, but he could not help observing, that the measure now before the House, was a very doubtful and dangerous one; doubtful as to the propriety of regulation, and dangerous as to its consequence; that charters by government were sacred things, and are only to be taken away by a due course of law, either as a punishment for an offence, or for a breach of the contract, and that can only be by evidence of the facts; nor could he conceive that in either of those cases there could be any such thing as proceeding without a fair hearing of both parties. This measure before us seems to be a most extraordinary exertion of legislative power. Let us suppose a lease granted to a man, wherein was a covenant, the breach of which would subject him to a forfeiture of his lease—would not a court of justice require evidence of the fact? why, then, will you proceed different from the line which is always observed in courts of justice? You are now going to alter the charter, because it is convenient. In what manner does the House mean to take away this charter, when in fact they refuse to hear the parties, or to go thro' a legal course of evidence of the facts. Chartered rights have, at all times, when attempted to be altered or taken away, occasioned much bloodshed and strife; and whatever persons in this House have advanced, that they do not proceed upon this business but with trembling hands, I do also assure them that I have shewn my fears upon this occasion, for I have run away from every question, except one, to which I gave my negative. I do not like to be present at a business, which I think inconsistent with the dignity and justice of this House; I tremble when I am, for fear of the consequences; and I think it a little extraordinary that Mr. Bolland should be admitted to be heard as an American agent in the House of Lords, when in the House of Commons he was refused. I believe it is true that the facts set forth in his petition to this House, were different from those which he presented to the House of Lords; in one declaring himself an inhabitant of Boston, and in the other omitting it. I cannot conceive it possible to proceed on this bill upon the small ground of evidence which you have had.
Mr. W. Ellis. I must rise, Sir, with great confidence, when I differ from the honorable gentleman who spoke last, whose abilities are so eminently great; but I think, Sir, that chartered rights are by no means those sacred things which never can be altered; they are vested in the Crown, as a prerogative, for the good of the people at large; if the supreme legislature find that those Charters so granted, are both unfit and inconvenient for the public utility, they have a right to make them fit and convenient; wherever private property is concerned, the legislature will not take it away without making a full recompence, but wherever the regulation of public matter is the object, they have a right to correct, control, or take it away as may best suit the public welfare. The Crown may sometimes grant improper powers with regard to governments that are to be established, will it not be highly proper and necessary that the legislature, seeing in what manner the Crown has been ill-advised, should take it into their consideration, and alter it as far as necessary. It is the legislature's duty to correct the errors that have been established in the infancy of that constitution, and regulate them for the public welfare. Is a charter, not consistent with the public good, to be continued? The honorable gentleman says, much bloodshed has been occasioned by taking away or altering of chartered rights; I grant it; but it has always been where encroachments have been made by improper parties, and the attack has been carried on by improper powers. He also says, this form of government in America ought not to be altered without hearing the parties;—the papers on your table, surely, are sufficient evidence of what they have to say in their defence;—look only into the letter dated the 19th of November 1773, wherein the Governor applied to the Council for advice, and they neglected giving it to him! and also wherein a petition was presented to the Council by certain persons who applied for protection to their property during these disturbances, the Council, without giving any answer, adjourned for 10 days, and the Governor was not able to do any thing himself without their opinion. Look again, Sir, into the resolution which the Council came to when they met again, stating the total insufficiency of their power. This, surely, Sir, is an evidence competent to ground this bill upon. We have now got no farther than just to alter these two parts, as stated by themselves. Surely Sir, that form of government which will not protect your property, ought to be altered in such a manner as it may be able to do it.
Gen. Conway. What I intend to say will not delay the House long. I am very sure what I intend to say will little defer the attention of the House; but the subject is of that importance, that it requires it. The consequence of this bill will be very important and dangerous. Parliament cannot break into a right without hearing the parties. The question then is simply this: Have they been heard? What! because the papers say a murder had been committed, does it follow they have proved it? Audi alteram partem, is a maxim I have long adhered to; but it is something so inconsistent with parliamentary proceedings not to do it, that I am astonished at it. The Council are blamed, because they did not give that advice to the Governor which he wanted. I think, Sir, the Governor might have acted alone, without their assistance. Gentlemen will consider, that this is not only the charter of Boston, or of any particular part, but the charter of ALL America. Are the Americans not to be heard?—Don't chuse to consent and agree about appointing an agent? I think there is no harm, upon this occasion, in stretching a point; and I would rather have Mr. Bolland, as an agent of America (though he is a little irregular in his appointment) sooner than leave it to be said, that this bill passed without it. The House being vociferous, he said, I am afraid I tire the House with my weak voice; if that is the case, I will not proceed, but I do think, and it is my sincere opinion, that we are the aggressors and innovators, and not the colonies. We have irritated and forced laws upon them for these six or seven years last past. We have enacted such a variety of laws, with these new taxes, together with a refusal to repeal the trifling duty on tea; all these things have served no other purpose but to distress and perplex. I think the Americans have done no more than every subject would do in an arbitrary state, where laws are imposed against their will. In my confidence, I think, taxation and legislation are in this case inconsistent. Have you not a legislative right over Ireland? And yet no one will dare to say we have a right to tax. These acts, respecting America, will involve this country and its Ministers in misfortune, and I with I may not add, in ruin.
Lord North. I do not consider this matter of regulation to be taking away their charters in such manner as is represented; it is a regulation of government to add the crown; it appears to me not to be a matter of political expediency, but of necessity. If it does not stand upon that ground, it stands on nothing. The account which has just now been read to you is an authentic paper, transmitted to govern-
ment here, showing that the Council refused in every case their assistance and advice; and will this country sit still when they see the colony proceeding against your own subjects, torturing and scourging your servants; denying your laws and authority; refusing every direction and advice which you send? Are we, Sir, seeing all this, to be silent, and give the Governor no support? Gentlemen say, let the colony come to your bar and be heard in their defence; though it is not likely that they will come, when they deny your authority in every instance, can we remain in this situation long? We must effectually take some measures to correct and amend the defects of that government, have heard so many different opinions in regard to our conduct in America, I hardly know how to answer them. The honorable gentleman, who spoke last, formerly blamed the tame and insipid conduct of government; now he condemns this measure as harsh and severe. The Americans have tarred and feathered your subjects, plundered your merchants, burnt your ships, denied all obedience to your laws and authority; yet so clement and so long forbearing has our conduct been, that it is incumbent upon us now to take a different course. Whatever may be the consequence, we must risk something; if we do not, ALL IS OVER. The measure now proposed, is nothing more than taking the election of Councillors out of the hands of those people, who are continually acting in defiance and resistance of your laws. It has also been said by gentlemen—send for the Americans to your bar—to give them redress a twelvemonth hence. Surely, Sir, this cannot be the language that is to give effectual relief to America; it is not, I say again, political convenience, it is political necessity that urges this measure; if this is not the proper method, shew me any other which is preferable, and I will postpone it.
Sir George Young. It remains to me, Sir, that it is unanswered and unanswerable, what has been advanced by the honorable gentleman who spoke second, that the parties should be heard, though even at a twelvemonth hence. Nothing, Sir, but fatal necessity can countenance this measure. No body of men ought to be proceeded against without being heard, much less ought the regulation of a whole government to take place, without the parties attending in their defence against such alterations.
Governor Johnson. I see, Sir, a great disposition in this house to proceed in this business without knowing anything of the constitution of America; several inconveniences will arise if the Sheriff is to be appointed by the Governor; the jury will, of course, be biased by some influence or other; special Juries will be most liable to this. [Here the Governor gave an account of the different riots which had happened in England, and compared them with what he called the false accounts of those from America.] I impute, says he, all the misfortunes which have happened in America, to the taking away the power of the Governor. No man, of common sense, can apprehend that the Governor would ever have gone two or three days into the country during these disturbances if he had had the command of the military power. The natural spirit of man would be fired, in such a manner, as to actuate himself to shew resistance; but in this Governor no power was lodged. I disapprove much of the measure which is before us, and I cannot think but its consequences will be prejudicial.
Mr. C. Jenkinson. I rise, Sir, only to observe, that if the colony has not that power within itself to maintain its own peace and order, the legislature should, and ought to have. Let me ask, Sir, whether the colony took any step, in any shape, to quell the riots and disturbances? No, they took none. Let me ask again, whether all the checks and controul that are necessary, are not put into the commission of the governments? Much has been said about hearing the parties, and taking away their chartered rights; I am of opinion, that where the right is a high political regulation, you are not in that instance bound to hear them; but the hearing of parties is necessary where private property is concerned. It is not only in the late proceedings, but in all former, that they have denied your authority over them; they have refused protection to his Majesty's subjects, and in every instance disobeyed the laws of this country; either let this country forsake its trade with America, or let us give that due protection to it which factory requires.
Mr. Harris. I cannot see, Sir, any reason for so wide a separation between America and England as other gentlemen are apt to think there ought to be; that country, Sir, was hatched from this; and I hope we shall always keep it under the shadow of our wings. It has been said, no representation, no taxation. This was the system formerly adopted, but I do not find it authorized in any book of jurisprudence, nor do I deem it to be a doctrine either reasonable or constitutional. I insist upon it they are bound to obey both the crown and parliament. The last twelve years of our proceedings have been a scene of lenity and inactivity. Let us proceed and mend our method, or else I shall believe, as an honorable gentleman has observed, that we are the aggressors.
Sir Edward Alley. If we have had a twelve year's lenity and inactivity, I hope we shall not now proceed to have a twelve year's cruelty and oppression. By the resolution and firmness which I perceive in the House, it seems to indicate a perseverance in the measure now proposed, which I deem to be a harsh one, and unworthy of a British legislature.
Mr. Ward. [The House was very noisy during the few words which he said.]—He found fault with the charter being left too much to the execution of its powers in the people, and he could not think the legislature was doing any thing which it had not a right to do, as he had looked upon all charters to be granted with a particular clause in it, expressing that it should not be taken away but by the parliament.
Governor Pownal. I beg leave to set some gentlemen right, who have erred with regard to the charters of America. The appointment of several of the officers is in the Governor. The charter of Boston directs that the Governor shall ask the Council for advice, but it does not say he shall not act without it, if they refuse to give it. It is said it is criminal to do any thing without advice of the Council; I differ greatly, Sir, from that doctrine; for I myself have acted without it in putting an end to disturbances, in preserving the peace and good order of the place; if I had been Governor during the late disturbances, I would have given an order for the military power to attend, and then let me have seen what officer dare disobey. I think the Council are much to blame for not co-operating and assisting the Governor, but I think the Governor might have acted without the Council. The Council are inexcusable, though not criminal, as they are not obliged to give it. I, Sir, for my part, shall give my last opinion. I have always been in one way of thinking with regard to America, which I have both given here and wrote to America. They have all along tended to one point; but it is now no longer matter of opinion. Things are now come to action; and I must be free to tell the House, that the Americans WILL RESIST these measures. They are PREPARED to do it. I do not mean by arms, but by the conversation of public town-meetings; they now send their letters by couriers, instead of the post, from one town to another; and I can say your POST-OFFICE will very soon be deprived of its revenue. With regard to the officers who command the militia of that country, they WILL HAVE them of their OWN appointment, and NOT from government; but I will never more give an opinion concerning America in this House; those I have given have been disregarded.
Mr. R. Rigby. Upon my word, Sir, what was just now said is very worthy the consideration of this house; and if, from what the honorable gentleman says, it is true, and I believe he is well informed, it appears, that America is preparing to arms; and that the deliberations of their town meetings tend chiefly to oppose the measures of this country by force. He has told you, Sir, that the Americans will appoint other officers than those sent by government to command their troops. He has told you that a Post-office is established on their account from town to town, in order to carry their traitorous correspondence from one to another. He has told you, the Post-office revenue will soon be annihilated. If these things are true, Sir, I find we have been the aggressors, by continually doing acts of lenity for these twelve years last past. I think, Sir, and I speak out boldly when I say it, that this country has a right to tax America; but, Sir, it is matter of astonishment to me, how an honorable gentleman (Mr. Conway) can be the author or bringer in of a declaratory law over all America, and yet saying at the same time, that we
have no right to tax America! If it was to begin to say that America should not be taxed, and that these measures were not proper, I would first desire my own declaratory law to be repealed; but being of opinion that the Americans are the subjects of this country, I will declare freely, that I think this country has a right to tax America; but I do not say I would put any new tax on at this particular crisis; but when things are returned to a peaceable state, I would then begin to exercise it. And I am free to declare my opinion, that I think we have a right to tax Ireland, if there was a necessity to do so, in order to help the mother country. If Ireland was to rebel and resist our laws, I would tax it. The mother country has an undoubted right and controul over the whole of its colonies. Again, Sir, a great deal has been said concerning requisition. Pray, in what manner is it to be obtained? Is the King to demand it, or are we, the legislative power of this country, to send a very civil polite gentleman over to treat with their Assemblies? How and in what manner is he to address that assembly? Is he to tell the Speaker of it that we have been extremely ill used by our neighbours, the French; that they have attacked us in several quarters; and that the finances of this country are in a bad state; and therefore we desire you'll be kind enough to assist us, and give us some money? Is this to be the language of this country to that; and are we thus to go cap in hand? I am of opinion, that if the administration of this country had not been changed soon after the passing of the Stamp Act, that tax would have been collected with as much ease as the land tax is in Great-Britain. I have acted, with regard to America, one consistent part, and shall continue in it till I hear better reason to convince me to the contrary.
Gov. Pownal (to explain) I apprehend I have been totally misunderstood. I did not assert the Americans were now in rebellion, but that they are going to rebel; when that comes to pass, the question will be who was the occasion of it. Something has been said relatively to requisition; I think I gave several instances wherein the same had been complied with in time of war.
Mr. C. Fox. I am glad to hear from the honorable gentlemen who spoke last, that now is not the time to tax America; that the only time for that is, when all these disturbances are quelled, and they are returned to their duty; so, I find, taxes are to be the reward of obedience; and the Americans who are considered to have been in open rebellion, are to be rewarded by acquiescing to their measures. When will be the time when America ought to have heavy taxes laid upon it? The honorable gentleman (Mr. Rigby) tells you, that that time is when the Americans are returned to peace and quietness. The honorable gentleman tells us also, that we have a right to tax Ireland; however I may agree with him in regard to the principle, it would not be policy to exercise it; I believe we have no more right to tax the one than the other. I believe America is wrong in resisting against this country, with regard to its legislative authority. It was an old opinion, and I believe a very true one, that there was a dispensing power in the crown, but whenever that dispensing power was pretended to be exercised, it was always rejected and opposed to the utmost, because it operated to me as a subject, as a detriment to my property and liberty; but, Sir, there has been a constant conduct practised in this country, consisting of violence and weakness, I wish those measures may not continue; nor can I think that the stamp-act would have been submitted to without resistance, if the administration had not been changed; the present bill before you is not tantum to what you want; it irritates the minds of the people, but does not correct the deficiencies of that government.
Sir Gilbert Elliot arose to answer Mr. C. Fox, which he did in a very masterly manner, by stating, that there was not the least degree of absurdity in taxing your own subjects, over whom you have declared you had an absolute right; though that tax should, through necessity, be enacted at a time when peace and quietness were the reigning system of the times; you declare you have that right, where is the absurdity in the exercise of it.
Sir Richard Sutton read a copy of a letter relative to the government of America, from the Governor of America to the Board of Trade, showing that at the most quiet times, the disposition to oppose the laws of this country were strongly ingrafted in them, and that all their actions conveyed a spirit and wish for independence. If you ask an American who is in his master, he will tell you he has none, nor any governor but Jesus Christ. I do believe it, and it is my firm opinion, that the opposition to the measures of the legislature of this country, is a determined prepossession of the idea of total independence.
After which the Bill was committed for Friday next without a division.
B O S T O N, June 13, 1774 The Honorable House of Representatives, before they proceeded to Business in Salem, on Wednesday last came into the following RESOLUTIONS, and ordered the same to be entered on their Journal, viz.
RESOLVED, That by the Royal Charter of this Province, the Power of convening, proroguing and adjourning the Great and General Court or Assembly, from time to time, is vested in the Governor, to be exercised as he shall judge necessary, and for the Good of the People.—Therefore,
Resolved, That it is clearly the Opinion of this House, That whenever the Governor of the Province doth convene or hold the General Assembly at any Time or Place unnecessarily, or merely in Obedience to an Instruction, and without exercising that Judgment and Discretion of his own, with which by Charter he is specially vested for the Good of the Province, it is manifestly inconsistent with the Letter, as well as the Spirit and Intention of the Charter.
Resolved, That the Town of Boston hath from the earliest Times of this Province been judged, and still is on various Accounts the most convenient Place for holding the General Assembly, and accordingly ample Provision is there made for the Accommodation of the said General Assembly, at a very great Expence to the People of this Province.
Resolved, As the clear Opinion of this House, that the General Assembly cannot be removed from its ancient Seat the Court-House in Boston, and held in any other Place, without great and manifold Inconvenience to the Members thereof, and Injury and Damage to those who have necessary Business to transact with the said General Assembly; many of which Inconveniences have been clearly stated, and expressed by former Houses of Representatives as appears by their Journals.
Resolved, That this House can see no Necessity for the Removal of the General Assembly from its ancient and only convenient Place the Court House in Boston, to the Town of Salem; and the Removal of the said Assembly from the Court House in Boston, without Necessity, is at all Times to be considered as a very great Grievance.
Last Thursday a Committee of the House of Representatives waited on the Governor with the following Answer to his SPEECH at the Opening of the Session.
May it please your Excellency, YOUR Speech to both Houses of the General Assembly at the opening of this Session, has been read and considered with all due Attention in the House of Representatives.
Your Excellency has therein signified to us that his Majesty has been pleased "to appoint you Governor and Captain-General of his Province of Massachusetts-Bay, and that your Commission has been read and published;" We congratulate your Excellency on your safe arrival, and
honour you in the most exalted Station in this Province; and confiding in your Excellency that you will make the known Constitution and Charter of the Province the Rule of your Administration. We beg Leave to assure you nothing on our Part shall be wanting that may contribute to render the same easy and happy to yourself, and to aid your Excellency in promoting the Prosperity of his Majesty's Government, and the Welfare of our Constituents; and we thank your Excellency for the Assurances you are pleased to give of your Concurrence with us therein.
It gives us Pain to be informed by your Excellency, that "you have the King's particular Commands for holding the General Court at Salem, from the first Day of this instant June, until his Majesty shall have signified his royal Will and Pleasure for holding it again in Boston." We are entirely at a Loss for the Cause of this Command, as we cannot conceive any public Utility arising from it, and both we and our Constituents are now suffering the great Inconveniences of it.
The Removal of the Assembly from the Court House in Boston, its ancient and only convenient Seat, has very lately given great Discontent to the good People of this Province; and we cannot but think that Misrepresentations from Persons residing in this Province have induced Majesty's Ministers to advise his Majesty to lay your Excellency under an Injunction whereby the People are in this Instance deprived of the Benefit of that discretionary Power, which is vested in the Governor by the Charter, and has been exercised by former Governors, of determining in such Case for the Good of the Province: We consider however in your Excellency's Impartiality and Justice, that the true State of this Province, and the Character of his Majesty's Subjects in it, their Loyalty to their Sovereign, their Affection for the parent Country, as well as their invincible Attachment to their just Rights and Liberties, will be laid before his Majesty, and we hope that by this Means your Excellency will be the happy Instrument of removing the Displeasure of his Majesty and restoring Harmony which has too long been interrupted by the Artifices of interested and designing Men.
Your Excellency has laid no particular Business before us, excepting the Supply of the Treasury for the Support of Government for the ensuing Year, to which we shall give our immediate Attention; as also to any other Matters your Excellency may please to lay before us, and give that Dispatch to the public Business which the manifold and great Inconveniences of our present Situation will admit.
On Thursday last, the following ADDRESS of the CORPORATION OF HARVARD COLLEGE, was presented to his Excellency the Governor, viz.
May it please your Excellency, THE Corporation of Harvard College wait upon you, to testify our Loyalty to the King, and our Respect to your Excellency, constituted by him the Governor of this Province. In this high Station your Excellency of course takes the first Chair at the Board of the Overseers of the College; a Society early founded by our Fathers from the most generous and enlarged Views; that has happily been productive of the most important Advantages to the civil as well as religious Interest of our Country; that has flourished under the Smiles of former Governors, and which we now beg Leave, in the most dutiful Manners, to recommend to your Excellency's Favour and Patronage.
As it is our Duty, we assure your Excellency, it is equally our Inclination, to employ our best Endeavors that the Students under our Care may be formed to that Piety and Virtue, that just Submission to Government, and Effect for the Principles and Spirit of the British Constitution, which may render them Ornaments to the Church, and Blessings to the State.
Deeply affected with the Distresses of our Country, we devoutly implore the Blessing of Heaven upon your Excellency's Administration, and ardently pray that it may be distinguished and honored by the Supreme Ruler of the World, as an happy Means of removing these Distresses, and restoring mutual Confidence, Tranquility and Joy, to the Parent State and to the Colonies.
HIS EXCELLENCY'S ANSWER. To the Gentlemen of the Corporation of Harvard College.
GENTLEMEN, YOUR Expressions of Loyalty to the King, and Respect to his Representation in this Province, cannot fail to be very pleasing to me, and deserving of my Thanks. Whilst your Endeavours are used to instruct the Youth committed to your Care, in the Principles of Piety and Virtue, and to form them to a just Submission to Government, you may depend upon meeting my Favour and Protection: A Society so useful, and respectable, have a just Claim to expect from me, the same Indulgences that they have experienced under the Administration of any of my Predecessors.
NEWPORT, May 30. We hear, that last Tuesday fe'night died, detected by all true friends to Liberty, that infamous old traitor, T. H——, late G—— of Massachusetts-Bay.
On the first news of his removal from that office, he was shocked to his centre; but soon after reassuming that smiling, or rather grinning, countenance, under which stratagems and death had always lurked; he hoped to hide from observation the grief which sat heavy at his heart, and preyed upon his constitution; but his Philosophy not being sufficient to support the conflict in his breast, he sunk under his disgrace, grew delirious, and was, by advice of his few friends, carried and confined to the Castle, where he remained until he died, the most wretched spectacle that disappointed, mortified ambition ever exhibited.
Some short time before his death, a gleam of light struck through the solid darkness of his soul; but this served only to shew to him, and enhance his misery; for that brief interval was filled up with the recollection of his past conduct—The honors and opulence which his native country had heaped upon him; the base, ungrateful returns he made; and the accursed plans he laid for her destruction, rushed in upon; and harrowed his soul; and to complete his wretchedness, America, rising up before him, the blood streaming from the wounds she had received from the hands of this vile, barbarous parricide, cried—revenge! The scene, too shocking to be sustained by a mind, which, grown callous by the reiterated impressions of ambition and avarice, was become utterly insensible to the soft feelings of humanity and benevolence, instantly threw him back into his delirium; increased his violence, and he died in the greatest horror and anguish!
Reader, if thou wouldst avoid the execrations of mankind; be instructed, from this dreadful example, to shun the walks of ambition and avarice.
New Auction-Room, Cornhill. TO-MORROW MORNING, at 10 o'Clock, Will be sold by Public Vendue, At GREENLEAF'S Auction-Room, A LARGE Assortment of English and Hard Ware GOODS, and a quantity of choice INDIANS. W. GREENLEAF, Auctioneer. The Sale will begin at 10 o'clock, and be continued on Tuesday next.
To be sold, in Cohasset, a FARM, containing about 80 acres, with a good House, barn and Chaise-house, well fenced into small divisions with stone wall, the buildings almost new and in good repair, a mile and an half from a good harbour (out of the Port of Boston) and a mile from the meeting-house and school, a little more than twenty miles from Boston. Enquire of Col. Lincoln of Hingham, Mr. Richard Billings of Boston, or Dr. Dyer of said Cohasset.

Halifax, Nova-Scotia, May 19, 1774. TO BE SOLD AT PUBLIC AUCTION; On TUESDAY the Second Day of August next in the Town of Halifax, at the House of Mr. JOHN RIDER, A VALUABLE Tract of Land or Township, commonly known by the Name of New-Jerusalem, or Port-Robay, on the Southern Shore of the Province of Nova-Scotia, containing One Hundred Thousand Acres of Land, granted by his Majesty to ALEXANDER MACNUTT, Esq. but lately the Property and Estate of BENJAMIN GERRISH, Esq. deceased, and contain several fine Harbours for Vessels or Ships of any Draught of Water and full of all Sorts of Fish, as Cod, Salmon, Mackerel, Herring, &c. &c. extending about twelve Miles on the Sea Coast, well wooded and watered.
Conditions of Pay, viz. To pay 10 per cent. down in Cash, and the Remainder, on executing the Deed of Sale for the same, which shall be within one Month after the Sale.
Also, a Lot of Land, an old House and Bake-House on the Beach, with a large Baking Oven, late in the Occupation of Mr. RICHARD JACOBS.
Also, a Lot of Land, walled in with Stone, containing five Acres of Land more or less, lying on the Road to RICHARD JACOBS Farm.
Also, one Half of the Meeting-House Cellar.
Also, the late Dwelling-House of BENJAMIN GERRISH, Esq. deceased, with the front Yard and back Gardens and Out-Houses.
Also, a Wharf with four Stores thereon and a Coach-House and Stable.
Also, a Tract of Land, containing ten Thousand Acres, granted to BENJAMIN GERRISH, Esq. deceased, situated on the North Side of the Basin of Mines in the Province of Nova-Scotia, comprehending the three Rivers commonly called and known by the Names of the Baie Rivers, abounding with Shad, Salmon, Bass and other Kinds of Fish, and contains upwards of two Hundred Acres of Marsh Land, and was formerly a Settlement by the Acadians. And also an Island called Moose-Island about one Mile distant, containing about one Hundred and Ninety Acres of rich Land. The aforesaid Baie Rivers are navigable for Vessels of 50 or 60 Tons and good Harbours.
Also, sixty one and half Acres of Dike Land in the Township of Horton on the Grand Pre.
Also, a Farm in the Township of Falmouth, now under good Improvement with a Dwelling-House and Barn and other Out-Houses, containing about Twelves Hundred and Fifty Acres of Land more or less, and all other Lands belonging to said Estate of BENJAMIN GERRISH, Esq.
N. B. In all the above Estates the Widow's Dower is to be excepted and treated for with her in Particulars for her Thirds during Life. Conditions of Pay as aforesaid.
ALL Persons indebted to the Estate of Richard Surcomb, late of Boston, Baker, deceased, are once more requested to make immediate payment to Mary Surcomb, Executrix, as they would avoid being sued at July Court.
JOSEPH BILLINGS, Of Boston, TAILOR, Has received by the Ship JOHN, Capt. WHITE, From LONDON,
SUNDRY Pieces Surperfine Cloths, with Shalloons, &c. to match; also four-threaded Patterns, all which he is determined to sell at the lowest Rates for Cash, at his STORE , leading to SPEAR'S Wharf. Those who are pleased to favour him with the Making of their Cloaths, he will take for Pay, New-England and West-India Rum, Leaf and Brown Sugar, Molasses, Flour, Ship Bread, Cocoa, Chocolate, Beef, Pork, Cordage, &c. The above Cloths, &c. being a Consignment, he will cut a Suit of Cloaths as elegantly, and make them up as cheap and as well as any advertising Tailor from the city of London.
SUPERFINE Broad-Cloths and Shalloons, with almost every Kind of English Goods usually imported from London to this Place, imported by SAMUEL AUSTIN, And to be Sold quite low for the Cash at his Shop in Union-Street.
JAMES HENDERSON Just returned from LONDON , begs Leave to inform the Public, that he has brought with him AN Assortment of GOODS, suitable for the Spring Trade, which he will sell by Wholesale and Retail, at his Shop in Ann-Street, next Door to Mr. William Scott's Irish Linen Store, Boston. N. B. Among which is a Variety of very fashionable SILKS.
Just arrived and now opening at the Store of DUNCAN INGRAHAM, jun. In Union-Street, Boston,
A variety of English, India, Irish and Scotch GOODS, Which will be Sold by Wholesale and Retail, At his usual low prices for Cash.
The following articles are part of his assortment, viz. Chints, Calicoes, Nankeens, Mullins, Sattins, Irish Linens, Dowlaies, Oznabrige, Tieklinburgs, Diapers, Russia Drabs, Cambricks, Lawns, Checks, Fustians, Jeans, Striped Hollands, Infants ditto, Mozeens for Waistcoats, Loretas for ditto, Brunswicks, Broad-Cloaths, Serges, Baizes, Broliens, Jubilees, Callimancoes, Russells, Shalloons, Tammies, Sagrhees, Gauzes, Gauze Handkerchiefs, Nettings, Millies Court Heel-Mocco Pumps, China Ware.
A L S O, Gun Powder, Shot, Spices, Scythes, Sickles, Loaf Sugar, &c. &c.
THIS is notify the Creditors of ISAAC WINCHESTER, late of Brookline, Gentleman, deceased, who have not received the respective Dues from the Estate of the above Deceased, are desired to meet at Mr. MORTON , at the Sign of the White Horse, South-End Boston, on Thursday the 19th Day of May instant at Three o'Clock in the Afternoon, and they may hear of something to their Advantage.
CALEB BLANCHARD, In Union-Street;
Begs leave to inform his Friends and Customers, that he has Imported by Captain SYMMES and LYDE from London, a fresh assortment of Summer Goods, which he will sell at the very lowest prices for ready Money, viz.
DUTCH LACE, Chevaux-de-Frise and Blond Laces, Gauze Handkerchiefs, a fine Assortment of Calicoes, &c. India Dimity, Jackonet, Sprig'd and Striped Mullins, Bengalls, Nankeens, Lunges Romalls, black and blue Ostrich Plumes, Skeleton and Cap-Wire, Allamode, Sarflets, Sattins, Ribbons, Gown Trimming, Mole's belt Pumps, Silk ditto, girls and misses Morocco Pumps, Cambricks, Lawns, a fine Assortment of men's and women's worsted, thread and cotton Hose, Breeches Pieces, Morris's Patent Gloves and Mitts, Superfine and other Cloths, Durrys, Wiltons, Serges, Ravens Duck, Dowlas, China Ware, paper new red Trunks, Irish Linens of all widths, Spices, Royal Ribbs and Corduroys of most colours, also, ladies white riding Hats, with blue Ostrich Plumes, boys white and black round Hats Fustians, Jennets, Dimity, buff, white and scarlet Cloths, buff Shalloons, India Calicoes, black, buff and white Silk Breeches Pieces, with a large and General Assortment of GOODS, in the Worsted, Woollen and Haberdashery way, ladies riding Gloves.
CHOICE MADDER, the growth of this province, to be SOLD by JOHN BARRETT, Near the MILL-BRIDGE, BOSTON.
CYRUS BALDWIN HEREBY informs his Customers and others, that he purposed to embark for London early next Fall; and that he is now selling off his Stock in Trade, consisting of a large and valuable Assortment of English, India and Scotch GOODS , very cheap for Cash, at his Store in Cornhill, near the State-House, Boston.
Among which are, A large Assortment of superfine, middling and low priced Broad Cloths, with Trimmings, German Serges, Wiltons, Jeans, Fustians, Cotton Velvets, Hair and Worsted Plushes, Furniture and other Calicoes, Furniture Checks, Irish Linens, Cambricks, Lawns, Thick Mullins, Book ditto, Silks for Ladies Gowns of various Sorts and Colours, some of them at the sterling Cost; a beautiful Assortment of Ribbons, Quality and Shoe Bindings, Garterings, Tapes; a fine Assortment of Silk, Thread, Worsted and Cotton Hosiery; Carpets and Carpeting, Looking Glasses, with a Thousand other Articles, not here mentioned.
Very neat superfine Chip Hats at the Sterling Cost. Those who have the Cash to pay, will most surely find it for their Advantage to apply to said BALDWIN . He earnestly requests all Persons that are indebted to him on Note or Book, to make speedy Payment.
OATS, Pease, Philadelphia Flour and Bar Iron; also warranted Scythes and Axes. A few neat Fowling Pieces, and a small Quantity of Snuff, to be sold cheap at the lowest Store on the South Side of the Town-Dock, by JOSEPH P. PALMER.
JEREMIAH ALLEN Informs his Friends and the PUBLIC, That he has received by the LONDON, Capt. CALFE, And is now opening for Sale, At his Shop in Ann Street, a little North of the Draw Bridge, by Wholesale and Retail,
A Complete Assortment of Braziers, Cutlery and Ironmongery GOODS , purchased from the most approved Manufacturers in Great-Britain, and which he doubts not will give satisfaction both in Price and Quality to those who please to favour him with their Custom.
Among which are the following, 2d. 3d. 4d. 6d. 10d. and 20d. NAILS, Sheathing and Boat ditto, London Pewter Dishes, Plates and Batons, Tankards, Quart and Pint Cans; Quart, Pint and Half Pint Tea Pots, Cream Pots, Tea Tongs, Table and Tea Spoons, Bottle Crates, Wine Measures, Bed and Close Stool Pans, Brass Kettles and Skillets, Bell-metal ditto, Warming and Frying Pans, Desk and Book Case Furniture of all kinds, Brass Knockers, Ball Bolts, Clock Pins, Screw Rings, Knobs, Brass Scales and Weights, Money Scales, Brass and Iron Candlesticks, a few Pair Princes Mettle in the newest Taste, Steel springs, japanned and iron Snuffers, polished Steel Shovel and Tongs, Bellows Box and Flat Irons, Box Iron Grates, Bed Screws, half and quarter Carriers, Knife Boxes, make Carters, Bed Caps and Turn Buckles; silver, ivory, buck, bone, horn and maple handle Knives and Forks, Penknives of all sorts, Razors, Scissors and Cuttoes, Snuff and Tobacco Boxes, Horn and Ivory Combs; gilt, plated and lacquered Coat and Breast Buttons; Shoe, Knee and Stock Buckles of all kinds, Temple and Dutch Spectacles, also a few Pair Temple of an extra Quality, Brass and Iron Locks and Hinges of all sorts, Carpenters and Joiners Tools, Awl Blades, Shoe Nippers and Pincers, English and French Gun Flints, Shot Belts and Powder Flasks, Powder and Shot, Bar and Sheet Lead, 10 by 6 Glass, 2 and 3 pitched worsted Wool Combs; best Clothiers Shears, Smiths Anvils and Vises, Iron Spades, Beaver, Castor and Felt Hatts, also a few whited furred ditto with Gold Buttons and Loops for Ladies, Peg-tooth and cross-cut Saws, Steel and Iron Plate Hand Saws, saws, tenant and key hole ditto, Files and Raps of all sorts, Gimblets, Tap and Bung Borer, Bamboo, Dogwood, solid, joint and hazel Angling Rods of all kinds, a few of the neatest Bamboo Rods that perhaps was ever in America, spare Tops for Rods, Cod and Mackerel Lines, Hair and silk ditto, best Hurly Hooks, ditto on Gimp and Hair, Snap Hooks, 6 and 10 Stave Reeds, 10-Yard Line Gimp, Landing Nets, fly-goose, fluted painted Corks, Brass Winches, Brass and Tacks of all sorts, Nail Nippers, Nutt Crackers, Cork Screws, Brass and paper Ink Pots, Brass Beer Cocks, Pinking Irons, Chair Center and Deneuling Belt; Crutch Head Cloth, Table, Shoe and Buckle Brushes, Curling and Pinching Tongs, Wool Cards, Seives and Seive Bottoms, House Bells, Pound Beads, No. 1, 2 and 3 Silks, Kitchen Jacks, complete Brass and Iron Wire, Cury Combs, Dripping Pans, Corn Fans, painted Scale Beams, Horse Flems, Brass and Steel Thimbles, Rat and Mouse Traps, Tin Plates, Looking Glasses of all kinds, a few Pair Gold and Gold and white oval Glasses in the Palmyra Taste, either with or without Jerendoles.
JAMES HILL, At his SHOP in CHARLESTOWN, Next Door to ISAAC RAND, Esquire's, Has to SELL,
A Variety of fresh GARDEN SEEDS, also Pease and Beans, just arrived per Capt. Symmes , from London. He has likewise for Sale, Glass, Cream-Coloured, Delph and Stone Ware, Groceries, &c. N. B. The Goldsmith and Jeweller's Business carried on at said Shop.
JOHN WHITE Gardner and Seeds man in Seven-Star-Lane, BOSTON, acquaints his Customers, that he has received a fresh assortment of GARDEN SEEDS , by Capt. SYMMES , from LONDON.
JOSHUA GARDNER HAS just imported from LONDON , by Capt. CALFE, A FRESH Assortment of Spring GOODS , which he is determined to sell at the very lowest Rates for ready Money, at his Shop in Cornhill, just above the Post-Office, BOSTON.
TO BE SOLD by ROBERT RUGGLES, At his Shop in Cornhill, a little to the Northward of the Town Pump, BOSTON, a large Assortment of English and India GOODS, By Wholesale or Retail, extremely cheap for Cash only.
Among which are the following Articles, viz. STRIPT , changeable, Chevaux-de-Frise, plain and brocaded half ell and 3-4 Lute strings, Wax Necklaces and Earrings, Ducapes and Paduloys, Blue, white, pink and black Mohair Grogams, Hats for Women, Crimson and blue Cordesoy, A very large Assortment of Mens, Womens, Youths and Girls glazed and unglazed Gloves and Mitts, Blue, white, green and pink Sarflets, Scarlet, crimson, white, blue, Galloon and Strapping, green, drab and black, Stay Cord and Braid, plain, spotted and spriged Buckrams, half ell and 3-4 Sattins of all Prices, Yellow Holland, Rich rose, crimson and green Brown ditto, 3-4 7-8 and yard-wide Irish Linens, Blue and white India ditto, Sheetings Holland, Blue, green, changeable and Table Cloths, drab India Taffeties, Napkin Damaskus, Black English ditto, Diapers and Huckabuck, Figured Mode for Capuchines, Womens and Childrens pack of most Colours, Thread Stays, Half yard, 3-4 and yard-wide Blue, pink, green and white black Allamode, Womens loom-quilted silk Misfennets and Grizetts, Petticoats, Brogloes and Sattinets, White Quilting, Black and Lead-colour Bom-bazens, Gold and Silver spangled Buttons, Black double Allopeens, Gold and Silver Vellum, Dorsetteens, Crapes and Gold Prussian Coat Bindings, Poplins, Gold Braid, Bengal, Gold and Silver Thread, Worsted Grogams, Silk Twist and Silk and Hair, Cambelts and Cambelteens, Velvet Collars, Drawboys and Everlastings, Calicoes and Chints, Sagathies and Durrys, Tortoiseshell Combs with and Fustians and Jeans, without Stoms, Wiltons, Superfine, middling and low Damaskus and Ginghams for Price Broad Cloths, Mens Waistcoats, Forest Cloth, Figured Silk Waistcoat Patterns, German Serges, Black Silk Breeches Patterns, Half Thicks, Black, blue and cloth coloured Rattene, Worsted Breeches Patterns, Beaver Coating, Mens Silk Hose, Duffs, Mens and Womens Thread, Baizes, Cotton and Worsted Hose, Velvets, Childrens ditto all Sorts, Strip Swanskins, Womens black, white and Oznabrige, and buff coloured Silk Gloves, Shalloon and Tammies of most Colours, Calimancoes, Mens black ditto, Bell black plain Russell, Silk Mitts, all Colours, 3-4 7-8 and yard-wide Checks, A neat Assortment of plain, Mettle Buttons of all Sorts, spotted, figured and spriged Crewels and Canvas, Guazes of all Prices, Pins and Needles, Best Tambour Mullin, Threads and Tapes, Strip, fringed and checked Sewing Silks of all Colours, Mullins, Cambricks and Lawns, Yard and six-quarters wide Long Lawn, plain Mullins, Silk and Linen Handkerchiefs, Brocaded and Sattin Shoes and Clogs, Knives and Forks, English and Lynn-made Ruffel and Callimanco Shoes, Pen Knives, Childrens ditto, Razors, Buckles, A neat Assortment of Brussels and other Thread Laces, Pepper, from 9d. to 1s. 6d. old Cinnamon, Tenor per Yard, Cloves, Blond Laces, Mace, Black Bone Laces, all Prices; And a Variety of other Articles.
TO BE SOLD or LET, A Neat and very convenient HOUSE, with a Barn and Chaise House, and about two Acres of Land, including a rich Garden Spot, very pleasantly situated, and a fine healthy Place, not five Miles from Boston Town-House, on a great Road, where most Kinds of Provisions can easily be procured. Enquire of the Printers.
The PUBLIC Are hereby informed, that JOHN JOY Has received from LONDON, A large and compleat Assortment of Drugs and Medicines, Of the best Quality. A L S O, Surgeons Instruments, of every Kind, finished in the neatest Manner; with a full Assortment of Groceries and Dye Stuff, which, as they were purchased by himself with the Cash, he will sell on very reasonable Terms, at his Shop, the North-Corner of William's Court, Boston. Practitioners and others may be supplied with large or small Quantities, by Letter or otherwise, as well as though they were present. Medicine Boxes of various Prices, for Ships or private Families, are put up in the neatest Manner.
Choice Cheshire Chees, Which will suit the nicest taste, Just imported in Capt. Symmes and Capt. Calef from London, And to be SOLD by CHARLES LOWE, Opposite the Boston Stone, in Marshall's-Lane, near the Mill-Bridge. [This quantity of Chees is equal in goodness, if not superior, to that imported and sold by him last fall.] Also, excellent FLORENCE OYL , in Flasks, warranted good, and the best of English Mustard , by the bottle, single pound, or less. OATMEAL by the Bushel, or smaller quantity.
Just Imported and to be Sold by JOHN and THOMAS OSBORN, At the Painters Arms in Back-street, Leading to Charlestown-Ferry,
PAINTERS oil and colours, of all sorts, by wholesale and retail, as cheap as at any place N. B. Coach, Chaise, House and Ship Painting, &c. done with fidelity and dispatch. in Boston.
Imported in the Ship London , Capt. Calef , And to be SOLD by JAMES FOSTER CONDY, At his Book-Store in Union-Street, Directly opposite the Cornfield, Boston, A large Assortment of the most fashionable PAPER HANGINGS, Which will be Sold at a very low Advance, Also, the most modern Books in every Branch of polite Literature, Art and Science, may be had at said Store (as usual) at such Prices as will give full Satisfaction to the Purchaser. N. B. A Pair of 17 Inch Globes to be Sold cheap.
JUST IMPORTED , by JOSIAH WATERS and SON, And to be SOLD at their Shop in Ann-Street, PAINTERS OYL and COLOURS, of all Kinds, in large or small Quantities, Window Glass—Brushes, &c. All Kinds of Pipes, Spices and Groceries as usual. A few of Split Pease, Powder, &c. At the same Place may be had, A most elegant Assortment of PAPER HANGINGS. N. B. PAINTS prepared for House or Ship Painting. House and Ship Painting performed with Care and Dispatch.
M. B. GOLDTHWAIT, Begs leave to acquaint his friends and the Public, that he has just received by Capt. Symmes , a fresh supply of DRUGS and MEDICINES, Which he sells Wholesale and Retail, at his Shop near the Mill-Bridge, Boston; amongst which are the following, Patented Medicines.
LOCKYER'S Pills, Cephalic Snuff, Turlington's Balsam of Life, Marechaud's Drops, Darfy's Elixir, Stoughton's ditto, Essence of Peppermint, Hemnet's much approved Dentifrice for the Teeth, Anodyne Necklaces, Bateman's Drops, Hooper's Female Pills, Anderson's do. Cook's famous Worm Powder, Jesuits Drops, Greenough's Tincture for the Teeth, Ditto for the Tooth Ach, Fungary Water, Lavendar do. Eau de Luce. Likewise, Court Plaster, Lip Salve, Smelling Bottles very neat of different figures, genuine Carolina Pink Root, and Squire's Grand Elixir. Also, SURGEONS INSTRUMENTS, Of all Kinds, Phials of all Sorts, Marble and Glass Mortars, Lint, Surgeons Tow, Pigs, Raisins, Currants, Prunes, all Kinds of Dye Stuff, Groceries, Velvet Corks, with many other Articles too numerous for an Advertisement, all Fresh and Genuine. N. B. Doctor's Boxes put up for Masters of Vessels and private Families with every necessary direction.
THE following VOTE was passed by the CORPORATION of HARVARD-COLLEGE on May 31st, and on June 2d 1774, confirmed by the honourable and reverend board of overseers, viz. CONSIDERING the present dark aspect of our public affairs, VOTED , that there be no public COMMENCEMENT this year, and that the candidates for their first and second degrees, after having been presented nomination to, and approved by the honourable and reverend board of overseers, shall receive their degrees in a general diploma, signed by the Corporation. Provided that on or before the 19th day of July next, they bring to Dr. Appleton, senior fellow of the Corporation, a certificate from the Steward, that they have paid the stated fee for a degree, and have discharged all college dues required by law, except for the public dinner on Commencement day; also a certificate from the librarian, that they have returned in good order or replaced all the books they have borrowed from the library. A true copy, Attest. NATH. APPLETON , senior fellow of the Corporation of Harvard-College.
N. B. The meeting of the overseers is adjourned to the 14th of July, so that they who do not apply before that time, cannot have their names inserted in the general diploma, nor be admitted to their degrees this year.
WHEREAS on the night of the 6th of this instant June, the dwelling-house of the subscriber, of Hanover, in the county of Plymouth, inn-holder, was broke open and entered by some villain or villains, who also broke open a desk and stole from thence a Sum of Money, which was contained in two purses, one a white silk knit with silk strings, and the other made of black glove leather with strings of the same; also a large old-fashioned silver Watch, maker's name Windmills, London, No. 5641. TEN DOLLARS Reward is offered to any person who will detect the thief or thieves, so as he or they may be brought to Justice. DAVID JACOBS. TO BE SOLD,
A PAIR of black Dutch HORSES, as also a neat WAGON and HORSES. For further Particulars apply at Mr. BRACKETT's , in School-Street.
TO be sold, for want of employ, a strong healthy NEGRO BOY , about nine years of age, who can be well recommended for his honesty. Enquire of the Printer.
A FEW Pipes of good Fayal WINE to be Sold cheap.—Enquire at Messrs. SMITH and ATKINSON's Store.