Herald of the United States (Warren, R.I.), 1805-08-10 00:00:00

Gerald of the United States.
WARREN:—PUBLISHED NEAR THE POST-OFFICE, BY NATHANIEL PHILLIPS.
[No. 45, of Vol. XIII.]
SATURDAY, AUGUST 10, 1805.
[Whole No. 669.]
From the BOSTON GAZETTE.
USEFUL INFORMATION.
MESRS RUSSELL & CUTLER.
THE season is such, that it requires every prevention to be used, to preserve the health and lives of our fellow mortals, and more especially in seaports and cities, where the air becomes very much impregnated by the effluvia that arises from putrid substances, which are thrown into the streets and docks. The most dangerous of these, is that which arises from putrid vegetables, such as salads, and the pods of peas and beans that have been kept, till they have become very much withered, and soon will ferment, and become putrid when thrown from the doors and windows of houses, and trodden in the mud. It is highly necessary, that every family should see that their yard and street be kept clean from every kind of such substance, when we have not a sufficiency of rain to wash them. Whenever a person has received into his lungs, any of this putrid gas, it will immediately raise a fermentation, and become so acrimonious as to destroy the crasis of the blood at once—and by the globules of the blood being broken and mixing with the serous juices, it soon causes a stagnation, and putrefaction will immediately take place. To remedy this, it is necessary that we make use of such kind of diet and drink, as will prevent any kind of fermentation taking place in the system. As it is common for mankind to perspire a considerable deal in hot weather, it is necessary that these vacancies should be supplied with some kind of fluid or other; and we ought to make use of the most antiseptic kind of drinks, and those that will the least ferment, when taken into the body, especially in hot weather.
I have been in the study of Botany for some years, and have travelled through the vegetable kingdom, in search of the virtues which they contain; and have tried many experiments to know their qualities—and I feel myself in duty bound, to expose to the public, at this hot and critical season, one of the greatest antiseptics in nature.
THE HOP, OR LUPULUS
Is one of the greatest antiputrescents that can be produced on the continent of America, or even on the heaths of the old kingdom; so much so, that even their liquor will prevent a piece of meat from putrifying in very hot weather: and of course, a beer made of hops will preserve the juices of the body more than any other liquor whatever, because that fermentation will not take place in the liquor of hops, unless something is added in order to excite it.
I believe, that if hop liquor was made use of in those cities and seaports, which are so often visited with epidemic disorders and the yellow fever, that we should hear of very few that would fall victims to its virus.
The virtue of hops is such, that it will very much correct the bile, and even dissolve gall stones in the liver, and cleanse the kidneys from sand and gravel, and dissolve and carry off the stone in the bladder, by its lithontritic and dietetic quality.
Those who drink freely of hop beer, will not be troubled with the jaundice or dysentery, and will have no occasion of taking emetics or cathartics to keep themselves regular. The flower of hops is a great soporific and easer of pain; so much so, that when opium has failed to give ease, you will find by hanging them in your bed chamber, and throwing a few of the flowers between the sheets, that the patient will rest easy and quiet. I should advise to quit those fermentable liquors, such as malt beer, and wine and ardent spirits, and make use of hop beer as a substitute, and I think we should not hear of any putrid disorder prevailing amongst us, although the season is uncommonly hot.
The quantity to make a barrel of beer is small, 10 or 12 ounces, is sufficient. I shall say nothing more at present concerning hops; but will ere long, refer the public to my Botanical Folio, where a general description will be given of roots and herbs, for the use of the public.
HERBARIUS.
Foreign Intelligence.
ENGLAND. LONDON, JUNE 7.
THE squadron of 15 sail of the line, stationed in the Downs, is to act as occasion may require in the narrows of the Channel, or in the North Sea. The squadron of Admiral Russell, which lately blockaded the Texel, is ordered round to make a part of this armament. From this circumstance we may infer that the rumours respecting the Dutch force in the Texel are not accredited. At all events the force in the Downs will be in readiness to act from this central point, on any emergency.
The Boulogne flotilla begins to send forth its summer swarms, but they never venture from under the batteries.
JUNE 8.
Letters from Gottenburgh say that Russia has broken off all negotiation with France, and that the troops of the former power will soon take an advanced post in Pomerani. We know from authority, that the Prussian Minister has left Stockholm.
Letters of the 29th ult. from Amsterdam say, that accounts have been received there which state, that the Spanish squadron which sailed from Carthagena on the 27th of April, under the command of Admiral Salgado, returned on the 28th, having met with the fleet of Lord Nelson; and that some of the Spanish ships, in their haste to get into the harbour again, were damaged.
A letter from Milan, dated 12th May, says—"Many persons think that Bonaparte is much dissatisfied with the Emperor of Germany and with the king of Naples, and that many French troops collected in this country are not merely for a show. According to the best information, 25,000 Frenchmen are encamped near Marengo, under Lasnes; 23,000 occupy Lumbardy and Mantua, under Jourdan; Menou commands 12,000 in Piedmont; and St. Cyr 16,000 in the kingdom of Naples. Round the coast of Genoa and Tuscany, and in the Papal territory are quartered 20,000 men; and the regular Italian troops amount to 15,000. On the other hand, Austria has a cordon of troops in Tyrol, and in the adjacent Venetian states, supposed to amount to 60,000 men, daily augmented by arrivals of new corps from the hereditary states; and the Russian and English forces in the Mediterranean are calculated at upwards of 20,000. The vicinity of so many and numerous armies cause alarms and speculations not favourable to the desires of the withers of peace, though the general opinion is, that this year will pass over before any blows are struck on the Continent."
The secret expedition under General Craig, after having put into Gibraltar for a few days, have failed towards its destination.
In the house of commons last night, Mr. Grey repeated his question respecting the hope of continental alliance, held out in his Majesty's Speech. The chancellor of the Exchequer in answer, said that it was not in his power to add any thing to what he stated on a former occasion. Mr. Grey then gave notice, that unless circumstances occurred in the mean time to render it unnecessary, he should, on Wednesday se'nnight, bring forward a motion on that subject. In the house of lords, a similar question was asked by Earl Casryfort, and a similar answer given by Lord Mulgrave. The noble Earl then gave notice for Thursday se'nnight, of a motion to the same effect as that given by Mr. Grey, in the house of commons.
We yesterday mentioned that the captain of a Guernsey privateer had arrived in town with dispatches taken on board a Spanish Packet. On the 14th ult. the Aolus , Capt. Lonhurst, fell in with the Etruria , Spanish Packet, from St. Sebastians to Vera Cruz. The privateer hoisted French colours, and sent a boat on board, the crew of which speaking French imposed on the Spaniards, and induced them to send the mate on board with one of the packages, containing part of her dispatches. The Captain of the Packet was likewise sent for, and then another boat sent from the privateer on board the Spaniard, and the whole dispatches which lay stowed on the deck to be sunk were thus secured. Such at least
is the report. The Etruria failed from St. Sebastians on the 29th of April, and the dispatches are directed to the Governor of the Havannah. There is a strong suspicion, however, that the dispatches were fabricated on purpose. It is said, that they indicate the West-Indies as the destination of the combined squadrons. Government presented the captain of the privateer with 100 guineas, who certainly made a great sacrifice in quitting his cruise, to perform what he considered a superior duty to the public.
JUNE 10.
To-morrow's debate in the Commons on Mr. Whitbread's motion for the impeachment of Lord Melville, will call forth all the great energies of that assembly. No public question perhaps ever excited a livelier interest in the public mind than that which now presses for final discussion. Government, in resisting the motion, calculated upon a considerable majority; but this must materially depend upon the collateral aid, or opposition, which may be derived from the partisans of Lord Sidmouth and Mr. Wilberforce. Respecting the former, two counter-reports prevailed yesterday: the one, "that his lordship meant to support Mr. Pitt, on the ground that the punishment of Lord Melville had already been proportioned to his offence;" the other, "that he and the minister had separated on ill terms last Saturday, because Mr. Pitt would not concede to his lordship's opinion of the political as well as moral necessity of an impeachment." Which of these be the fact, we do not pretend to know: but the motion of to-morrow night will decide it. As to Mr. Wilberforce, and his corps of seceders, they make no previous declaration of their political faith when there is any hope or chance of "a new light to lighten the Gentiles."
FROM BELL'S WEEKLY MESSENGER. LORD MELVILLE.
The proceedings in parliament, this week, have been of a nature so important and interesting, as almost to form an era in the political history of this country. Lord Melville has been condemned by a vote of the House of Commons, of a gross violation of law, and a high breach of duty in his conduct whilst treasurer of the navy, and the charges brought against him in the Tenth Report have generally been substantiated.
This event naturally suggests many considerations respecting the character of the offender and the colour of his offence. It fixes our attention, likewise upon the proceedings of the House of Commons, the state of the ministry, and indeed, upon the whole aspect of public affairs. The circumstance, though simple in itself, by no means stands detached in its consequences; it involves, in a great measure, the character of the ministry with whom Lord Melville has so long acted; it affects the credit of the government, that so vast a weight of the machine should have been sustained by a man publicly stigmatized; and above all, it must inflict the most dreadful wound upon the feelings of the noble lord himself, that after having consumed so great a proportion of his life in this sunshine of public favor, in the confidence of his king, and the general estimation of the world, he should be dismissed into a retirement, to which he can carry no consolation from the reflection of past services, but which must ever be poisoned with the galling remembrances, and be divested of every thing that can diffuse a calm and sweetness over the decline of his political life.
Pitiable indeed would be the condition of Lord Melville, if sentence were considered as finally passed upon him; but surely no one who has attended to the proceedings of the house of commons, will affirm this to be the case. If we were to credit the language of faction, and the triumph even of some of the newspapers, we should be led to suppose, that the greatest criminal who ever appeared in the world was now led in triumph by the public justice of the country—that a monster of peculation was exhibited, such as the people had never seen before, and that new and unheard of crimes had been perpetrated, crimes which were not familiar to our statute book, but which require the law of the country to be extended in order to comprehend their enormity.
Such is the language of faction, and such we are sorry to say, has too frequently been used. To triumph over a fallen enemy is always ignoble: and nothing surely, can be more ungenerous than to swell the catalogue or heighten the color of those offences for which he suffers.
Let it be remembered then, that Lord Melville has not yet been convicted of peculation;—the purport of Mr. Whitbread's resolutions were to convict him of a breach of the act of Parliament, and a neglect of duty.—The expression expressly went to a division; cleared, for the present, of an imputation that Lord Melville had participated with Mr. Trotter; not a sentence in the resolution bears the most distant reference to a direct charge of peculation. For though it is doubtless the intention of one part of the house of commons to follow up the blow, and fix upon Lord Melville the stigma of having shared with Mr. Trotter in defrauding the public, the end of their vote on Monday was only meant to smooth their way to this investigation; and it was pretty evident, when the debate was resumed on Wednesday, that the general feeling of the house would not accompany them in harsher proceedings, without a more full and judicial examination.
Upon the question which Mr. Whitbread put, it seemed impossible that the house of commons could have come to any other vote, because the charges had been acknowledged by Lord Melville himself; they had been confessed before the commissioners and afterwards in his public letter. It was a happy thing therefore, for the credit of the constitution and the glory of the country that Mr. W's question was carried; we confess that we rejoice in it for the sake of the public triumph, and the character of the house, however we may compassionate the individual who is the object of their censure.
It is indeed, a glorious day for the constitution, to see a man exalted in place and influence, covered by friends, entrenched behind the ministerial phalanx, and sheltered by the mighty shield of Mr. Pitt, reached by a censure of the house of commons and dragged from the asylum, in which he thought himself secure to undergo public justice of the country. Such a spectacle is gratifying to the eyes of the people; for it is not uncharitable to triumph in the mortification of a public delinquent, because the punishment of offenders of this class acts with us as new incitement to our political duty, improve in us the spirit of patriotism, and cherish a public purity.
That the house of commons acted as they did is a matter of extreme joy to us; that the prosecutors of Lord Melville wisely desisted from pushing

their resolutions further, we are like- wise glad; for certainly upon the pre- sent evidence, enough has been done. Lord Melville is recorded, by a vote of the house, to have broken its statutes and violated his duty; it will be an- other inquiry whether he be a pecula- tor. If this charge is established, in God's name let him be made a mem- orable example of public justice, that his disgrace may live in our annals, and be handed down to our posterity in the latest times. But undoubtedly there too frequently mixes with public virtue a leaven of vice and faction: there is a zeal and fiery persecution in justice as in every thing else, and as the case of Lord Melville is somewhat novel and ambiguous, we should be particularly cautious that we do not confound a zeal for the public with the spirit of faction, and mistake justice for persecution.
JUNE 12.
Yesterday being the day fixed for the mo- tion for an impeachment against Lord Melville, a great crowd assembled, at an early hour, in the avenues of the House of Commons. At 12 the doors were opened, and a severe pressure ensued. The gallery, of course, was filled in a few minutes. In the early part of the day an opinion prevailed, that Mr. Whitbread would open the debate; but about 3 o'clock it was said, that Lord Viscount Melville would be pre- viously heard in his defence. This excited a great degree of expectation, and a great num- ber of persons crowded into the lower lobby, and lined the stairs to the gallery of the House, which commands a view of the lobby, through which Lord Melville was to pass. About half past 4, his Lordship entered the lobby, and passed in the Secretary's room, on the left hand. The House was at this time engaged in private business. Shortly after 5, the Speaker read a letter from Lord Viscount Melville, requesting to be admitted into the body of the house, to be heard in his defence. The Hon. Robert Dundas Saunders, his Lordship's son, then moved, that his Lordship be called in; which being agreed to, the Speaker desired Mr. Col- man, the Serjeant at Arms, to take the Mace, and conduct Lord Viscount Melville into the house. In the mean time, Mr. Bellamy, the principal messenger, brought in a square arm- chair, and placed it within the body of the house, within the bar, on the left hand side. The Serjeant at Arms then took up the mace, and, having waved it three times, went out of the house, and took his station outside, in the lobby, in front of the door of the house, and also opposite to the door of the Treasury Room. Mr. Heard, one of the messengers, had previ- ously thrown open the folding doors of the lat- ter apartment, and Lord Viscount Melville, be- ing informed by him, that the house requested his attendance, his Lordship came out, and walked uncovered into the house, attended by the Serjeant and mace. His Lordship was dress- ed in black, and wore a close buckled wig pow- dered. He bowed three times as he approach- ed, and, on coming within the bar, the Speak- er, who wore his hat on all the time, address- ing him, said, "My Lord Melville, there is a chair for your lordship." His lordship then sat down, and put on his hat. There was a loud murmur in the house on his coming in. As soon as it subsided, which was in less than two minutes, his lordship arose, and taking off his hat, he laid it upon the seat of the chair, and upon the hat several papers. His lordship then standing at the back of the chair, commenced his speech, in the course of which, he frequently refreshed his memory from the papers before him. His lordship spoke for two hours and a quarter. His manner was firm and impressive; and he did not, even in the part of it where he appeal- ed to the feelings, appear the least shaken. The moment he had concluded, he took up his papers deliberately, one by one, and having put his hat under his arm, made a bow to the Speaker and withdrew, attended by the Serjeant, who, during the whole of the speech, remained standing on the right hand side of his lordship, but at the distance of a few yards, with the mace resting upon the ground, and his hand upon it. The house was uncommonly crowded. Not fewer than 500 members were present.
Lord Viscount Melville's speech will be read with interest. Upon the subject of the 10 000. and other sums of the public money received by him, and not applied to naval pur- poses, his lordship positively declared, that "private honor, and personal convenience" must prevent him from ever giving any account of them.
JUNE 11.
Accounts are said to have reached town yes- terday from Lisbon, which represent the Portu- guese cabinet in a very embarrassed situation, in consequence of some fresh demands having been made upon it, the tendency of which is to exclude all English ships and merchandise from the ports of that country. We give this state- ment as we received it, without being able to ascertain the degree of credit to which it is en- titled.
In a former paper we stated, that the French and Spanish Ambassadors at Lisbon re- monstrated against the entrance of the expedi- tion under Gen. Sir James Craig into the port of Lisbon. The following additional particu- lars have since been related:
"While General Craig was at Lisbon, the French and Spanish Ambassadors remonstrated with much warmth on the shelter which the Por- tuguese Government afforded to the ships and troops under Gen. Craig. The Prince Regent answered that the English Convoy had been forced into the Tagus by stress of weather (ar-
ribada.) They demanded that it be ordered to sea immediately. But Gen. Craig resolved not to stir, till he was assured there was no dan- ger of his meeting the combined fleets of the enemy; and, in case of receiving a peremptory order to quit, we are assured that he had resolv- ed to take possession of the forts on the Tagus, and keep his post by force, rather than risk fall- ing into the hands of the enemy, by sailing pre- maturely. The Portuguese government evi- dently extended its indulgence to the utmost of its power."
JUNE 13.
Extract of a private letter from an officer on board one of his Majesty's ships in the Downs, dated June 10.—"We have thirteen sail of the line here now; the North-Sea squadron being ordered round; and we expect five sail more from the westward; I believe it is expect- ed, that the combined fleet is coming North- about. By every cruiser that comes in, I learn, that the French appear in all their ports ready for a push out, and most of the officers are of opinion they certainly will do it shortly, as their preparations with their shipping are dif- ferent from what they have been before."
We yesterday received a letter from an of- ficer on board one of the transports in the cove of Cork, in the expedition under Sir Eyre Coote. It says, "this morning, June 5th, the troops were brigaded as follows:—The 1st or Highland brigade, consisting of the 71. 72d, 93d, and 99d, under the command of General M c Farlane. The 2d, of the 8th, 24th and 83d, with artillery, under Gen. Balfour. The brigade of the 32d, 38th and 62d, under com- mand of Gen. Montresor. The 89th regiment is to form a detached corps, under command of Lieut. Col. Biney. I have not yet learned who is to command the artillery, of Staff corps. Gen. Drummond is second in command under Sir Eyre Coote."
"The troops are all in good health, and are landed every other day to keep them so.— Our destination is not yet known; but it is sup- posed we are going upon some remote and del- perate expedition, and not to the West-Indies; for all the married officers are ordered to send their wives on shore immediately, and the trans- ports are to be furnished with provisions for six months."
JUNE 17.
We received this morning the Paris papers to the 9th, and the Dutch to the 12th. Some of the former hint at a plot to have been exe- cuted at Milan, which, as usual, is attributed to the English government. It is thus mentioned in the Bulletin de l'Europe :
"Persons will be very much astonished in Italy if they hear reported there the absurd sto- ries which indolence or malevolence have been for some days circulating in Paris, upon a pre- tended conspiracy which is to burst forth at Milan, and whose object would have been to change, into a day of mourning, a day of the liveliest and purest joy."
"If England has sent some spies to Milan, they have produced as little effect in the capital of that kingdom, as in the capital of the French empire. Discredited, dishonoured, they have not been able to succeed in entering into a cor- respondence with any class of citizens. The moment of their arrival, the nature of their in- structions were known before hand: their arrest was as little known and with as little eclat as that of the wilful adventurers."
Of the movements, operations, and destina- tion of the different squadrons at sea, the Mon- iteur affords us no information; it merely says, in a dry brief note on some of the English pa- pers, that "in a month we shall hear where the combined squadrons are gone;"—we hope the first intelligence we receive will be from Lord Nelson, after having come up with them.
The mission of M c Novozilow occupies much of the attention of the Paris Journalists, and an article from Hamburg in one of them, says, that a Congress for a General Peace is to be held at Brussels: that Novozilow and the Prussian Minister are to meditate for Great- Britain, and the port of Ostend is to be opened to carry on the diplomatic correspondence with England.
The Paris papers of the 8th state, that the Arch-Treasurer set off for Milan the day be- fore, preceded by the Finance Minister.—The departure of these two grand functionaries, af- fords us room to believe, that Paris will be much longer deprived of the presence of its sov- ereign, than was supposed. It is believed that the affairs of Genoa will keep his Majesty much longer in Italy; it is proved besides, that he is expected at the Camp of Castiglione, where he will remain a fortnight, and that he is after- wards to reside for some time at Bologna."
The French funds are at 61 1-2. The Falcon sloop arrived yesterday at Portsmouth, from off Havre, having received some damage in an action with some French gun-brigs. Sixteen of them came out of Ha- vre, in open day;—The Falcon, Chiffone, and Sparkler engaged them for some time;—four of them are said to have been driven ashore; the rest escaped into F-camp. They came out in consequence of positive orders to collect to the eastward.
This day were published, price two shillings; two Letters from Sandy M c Shuffe to Donald M c Shift, his old Friend and School-fellow in Scotland, containing a Poetical Account of the recent fall of a Great Statesman.
"Nay, then farweell! "I've touched the banekest part of all my greatness, "And from that full meridian of my glory "I hasten now to my setting."
Notwithstanding the assertion of the Mon- iteur, the Rochfort squadron returned from the West Indies, were counted in that harbor only last Wednesday, near the same number as re- turned.
Domestic Occurrences.
SOUTH-CAROLINA.
CHARLESTON, JULY 20.
Yesterday mentioned the re-capture of the ship Two-Friends, Capt. M c Neil, by the British government brig Hunter, Capt. Inglefield. This information is furnished by the arrival of the pilot-boat Schr. Regulator, Capt. White, which was dispatched from this port immediately after the capture of the Two- Friends, with documents to prove the ship and cargo American property. She had a passage of seven days to Barracoa, but hearing nothing of the ship at that port, went round to St. Jago de Cuba, where they found the French prize- master and the privateersmen, who informed that a few days before when within three hours sail of Barracoa, the ship having fallen to lee- ward, they fell in with a British armed brig, when the Frenchmen took to their boats, leav- ing Capt. M c Neil on board the ship, which was immediately taken possession of by the brig. On receiving this information Captain White sailed for Port-Royal, to which port he made his passage in the short space of 24 hours. A few days after he arrived, the Snake sloop of war came in, the commander of which stated he left the ship and brig at Cape Nicholas Mole, where the latter vessel had put in to repair her bow-sprit, carried away in chasing a French pri- vateer which she had captured. The ship and cargo being of two great value to risk a re- capture, it was the intention of the Captain of the brig to convoy her to Jamaica, as soon as he had made the necessary repairs of his vessel.
NORTH-CAROLINA.
RALEIGH, JULY 15.
A letter has been received, dated "Way- nesborough, July 5, 1805, of which the following are extracts:—
"We have just discovered one of the most shocking plots of the blacks;—and have been engaged ever since Monday last, in trying ne- groes for poisoning whites. One suffered death at the stake (being burnt alive) on Saturday last, for poisoning her master, mistress, and two others; two more are under sentence of death, and are to be hanged on Wednesday next.— Thirteen are imprisoned under guard, a part of whom, from the evidence, I expect will suf- fer death, and we are daily making new dis- coveries. Some have been brought from Samp- son, others from Johnston, so that the plot ap- pears to have been a general one. It is said by some of the prisoners, that the head men are to be poisoned first, and the rest are to be subdued: and after detaining a sufficient num- ber in slavery, the balance, if refractory are to be put to death."
"We proceed this morning with the tri- als, and God only knows what the event will be. Six or eight light horsemen are continually on duty to bring up charged negroes, be- sides a strong guard of infantry about the pris- oners. What raised the first suspicion in this business, was the death of one or two of our respectable men."
MARYLAND.
BALTIMORE, JULY 29.
BANK ROBBED.
Last evening between dusk and 10 o'clock, the Branch Bank, in this city, was forcibly en- tered by thieves, and a sum of money in paper and specie, chiefly small change, contained in a small wrought-iron chest, was stolen there- from. The villains who perpetrated this dar- ing robbery, were not able to penetrate the vaults. All they effected was to bear off the iron chest above mentioned and its contents.— Among other bank notes therein, was a parcel of old defaced notes, two of which were for 500 dollars each, of this office; the endorse- ments on them entirely filled their backs. The said notes are generally much defaced, ragged and scarcely fit for circulation.
Few instances have occurred of a more dar- ing robbery than the above—the early hour at which it was done, and the public situation of the bank, would almost insure detection; add- ed to this, there is a guard of two watchmen constantly kept at the office door from about 9 o'clock, and we understand a person sleeps in the bank. But so well were they acquainted with the place, that nothing occurred even to raise an alarm; nor was it known until they had completely made their escape.—From the weight of the chest at least four persons must have been engaged to have carried it.
The Cashier of the bank has offered a re- ward of 1000 dollars, for the detection of the thieves.
AUGUST 3.
On Tuesday morning last, between the hours of two and three, an attempt was made to stop the United States' Mail Stage, on its way from Washington to this city. The stage contained but one passenger and the driv- er; and we learn from the former, that near Snowden's Iron works, four prowling villains issued forth from ambush—one, a white man, made an effort to stop the horses; but in at- tempting to grasp their reins, they took such an affright as to occasion a speed which forced the stage and its contents from the depredation in- tended. The remaining three were negroes, who seemed to wait for the stopping of the hor- ses, to commence their attack on the stage. To thwart the insecurity of the mail property, in the attack on it we have just recited, we have only to add, that the only weapons the stage could have afforded the passenger and the driver, were —a whip and an umbrella!
VIRGINIA.
ALEXANDRIA, JULY 31.
Yesterday morning as Mr. John Peter, one of the Clerks in the Bank of Columbia, was on his way from George-Town, to this place, with between fifteen and seventeen thousand dollars in notes of the bank of Alexandria, for the pur- pose of having them exchanged—at the small distance near the hedge of brambles, between the
lands of Charles Alexander and Charles Alex- ander, jun. about one and a half miles from A- lexandria, a man appeared from the side of the road who seemed to be in the act of crossing it; but on getting near his horse he seized the bri- dle and discharged a pistol at said Peter, the contents of which lodged in his side; but from present appearances we are happy to mention the wounds are believed not to be mortal. He then took all the money, and made off.
The money taken amounted to 18 114 dol- lars, and 65 cents. The cashier of the Bank of Columbia has offered a reward of 500 dollars, for the robber, and 1000 for the recovery of the money.
FEDERAL-CITY.
WASHINGTON, JULY 31.
A treaty has been concluded in the state of Ohio with several Indian Tribes, by which one million two hundred thousand acres have been ceded to the United States, for an annuity of eight hundred and twenty-six dollars.
We understand that advices have been re- ceived from Tangiers, as late as May 18, which do not countenance the intelligence recently re- ceived of a war with Morocco.
PENNSYLVANIA.
PHILADELPHIA, JULY 31.
The Board of Health have announced that Peter Young, Joseph George and Tobias Smith, of the same family, at the corner of Water and Catharine-streets, being affected in a manner which created a suspicion of yellow-fever, have been removed to the Lazaretto, and the house they occupied thoroughly cleaned. The city is otherwise healthy.
BEARS.—Eight or ten of these animals, within these two weeks, have been killed in the vicinity of Williamsport, (Pen.) It is suppos- ed the cause of their leaving the uninhabited wilds and coming into the thick settled country on the river, is owing to the scarcity of water, occasioned by the present uncommon drought.
AUG. 2.
We are happy to state, that the two per- sons who were sent down to the Lazaretto are on the recovery, and that their disease is not, as was at first apprehended, Yellow Fever. We can add, with confidence, that the health of the City generally is highly flattering.
BELGER, the fellow, who so wantonly shot his neighbor Flahavan, and for whom a reward of Two Hundred Dollars was offered by the Mayor, was on Wednesday last taken up in Lower Darby township, and yesterday morning committed to jail.—Flahavan, we understand, is likely to recover.
ROBBERS.—Other attempts at House breaking were repeated on Wednesday night last. Four of the gang, who are blacks, were apprehended and committed to jail.—They are generally old offenders.
STATE OF NEW-YORK.
NEW-YORK, JULY 31.
S. Arnold.—It will be remembered, that, at the last court of Oyer and Terminer in the county of Otsego, the murderer of the little girl, (whose peculiar sufferings excites such a lively interest, even at this remote distance from the scene of action) received his trial and condem- nation. The court appointed Friday, the 19th inst. between the hours of eleven and two, as the time for execution. We are informed by a gentleman, lately from Cooperstown, that not less than ten thousand people assembled on that occasion. Between the hours of eleven and twelve the prisoner was taken from the place of his confinement, with a rope round his neck, seated on his coffin, and conveyed on a cart to the place of execution. It was with difficulty that a company of artillery could sufficiently disperse the throng, to enable the criminal to pass: and it was with equal difficulty that a company of infantry, formed in the rear on each side of the criminal, could secure him; when the procession had reached the place of execu- tion, and the criminal had ascended the scaf- fold, prayers were attended, and a solemn af- fecting sermon delivered, by the Rev. Mr. Lew- is. The clergy and others who were near the prisoner, then took him by the hand, and re- commended him to the mercy and favour of his God.
The conduct of Arnold, ever since his ar- rest, is said to have been decent, and expressive of the deepest conviction of his crime. On this occasion particularly, his conduct was such as to excite a very lively sympathy in the surround- ing multitude.
After the prisoner had made a short ad- dress to the people, and had informed the ex- ecutioner that he might perform his duty, the Sheriff rose and read a reprieve which he had received from the Governor, after the solemn- ities of the day had commenced. The criminal was so overcome with the emotions which this unexpected intelligence produced, that he fainted and fell senseless from his seat. When he had a little recovered he was re-conducted to prison, with the same ceremony with which he had been conveyed to the scaffold.
[Com. Adv.]
AUG. 2.
By proclamation of Governor Cameron of New-Province, permission is extended for 3 months from the 12th July, to neutrals bring- ing such articles, as are specified in the proc- lamation, viz. corn, all sorts of grain, pulse, flour, bread, rice, and every species of salted provi- sions, cattle and live stock of all kinds, and all sorts of lumber. This provision extends to the ports of Nassau, Exuma, Turks-Island, St. George, and Crooked island.
AUG. 5.
By the Friendship, Captain Don, arrived yesterday, we have received a New-Orleans pa- per of the 28th June.
New Orleans, June 28.—We are happy to announce the arrival in this city, on Wednes- day last, of Col. Burr (late Vice-President of the United States.) and suite, all in good health. We understand he will make only a

12. All property which formerly belonged to any white Frenchman is incontestibly and of right confiscated to the use of the state.
13. Every Haytian, who, having purchased property from a white Frenchman, may have paid part of the purchase money stipulated in the act of sale, shall be responsible to the domains of the state for the remainder of the sum due.
14. Marriage is an act purely civil, and authorised by the government.
15. The law authorises divorce in all cases which shall have been previously provided for and determined.
16. A particular law shall be issued concerning children born out of wedlock.
17. Respect for the chiefs, subordination and discipline are rigorously necessary.
18. A penal code shall be published and severely observed.
19. Within each military division a public school shall be established for the instruction of youth.
20. The national colours shall be black and red.
21. Agriculture, as it is the first, the most noble, and the most useful of all the arts, shall be honored and protected.
22. Commerce, the second source of the prosperity of states, will not admit of any impediment: it ought to be favoured and specially protected.
23. In each military division a tribunal of commerce shall be found, whose members shall be chosen by the Emperor from the class of merchants.
24. Good faith and integrity in commercial operations shall be religiously maintained.
25. The government assures safety and protection to neutral nations and friends who may be desirous of establishing a commercial intercourse with this island, they conforming to the regulations and customs of the country.
26. The Counting-houses and the Merchandize of foreigners shall be under the safeguard and guarantee of the state.
27. There shall be national festivals for celebrating independence, the birth day of the Emperor and his august spouse, that of agriculture and of the constitution.
28. At the first firing of the alarm gun, the cities will disappear, and the nation rise.
We, the undersigned, place under the safeguard of the magistrates, fathers and mothers of families, the citizens, and the army the explicit and solemn covenant of the sacred rights of man and the duties of the citizen.
We recommend it to our successors, and present it to the friends of liberty, to philanthropists of all countries, as a signal pledge of the Divine Bounty, who in the course of his immortal decrees, has given us an opportunity of breaking our fetters, and of constituting ourselves a people, free, civilized and independent.
(Signed) H. CHRISTOPHE, &c. (as before) Having seen the present constitution:—
We, JACQUES DESSALINES, Emperor I. of Hayti, and Commander in Chief of the army, by the grace of God, and the constitutional law of the state.
Accept it wholly, and sanction it, that it may receive, with the least possible delay, its full and entire execution throughout the whole of our Empire. And we swear to maintain it and to cause it to be observed in its integrity to the last breath of our life.
At the Imperial palace of Dessalines, the 20th May, 1805, second year of the Independence of Hayti, and of our reign the first.
DESSALINES. By the Emperor, JUSTE CHANLATTE, Sec. Gen.
Domestic Occurrences.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
CHARLESTON, JULY 8. A GENTLEMAN who came passenger in the Sloop Ranger, (arrived yesterday) from Augustine, informs, that on Tuesday morning last, between St. Simon's and Savannah, as soon as it was light, they observed a heavy smoke a-castward, and shortly after
discovered a large French Schooner, mounting 18 or 20 guns, and apparently a great number of men on board, heading in for the shore, and a British ship of war in pursuit of her. The chase and firing of the ship continued for about two hours, when the schr. being close in shore hove to and our informant thinks she anchored. The ship immediately ceased firing, and continued to stand off and on: but they could not ascertain whether the privateer had struck her colours—they however plainly distinguished boats passing between them, and from this circumstance, little doubt remains of the Schooner being captured. The ship mounted 15 or 16 guns on a side, and had more the appearance of a frigate than a sloop of war.
At one period the Frenchman ran so near the Sloop Ranger, as to place her immediately between the privateer and the ship, when the latter ceased firing, until the Sloop got out of the bearings of her guns.
Our informant further states, that he plainly saw several of the shot from the ship strike the privateer: and observed the Frenchmen dodging, the moment they saw the flames from the ship's guns. The schr. did not return the fire of the ship; but manoeuvred in every possible way to make the escape; but the ship having got to windward, prevented her.
From the description given of the schr. it is more than probable that she was the Mathilde, the floatest of the French privateers that have been cruising off our bar for some time past. The ship is supposed to be the Bacchante.
Capt. Bolchas, arrived yesterday in 6 days from Havana, informs us that at 2 o'clock on Friday last, off Savannah, he witnessed an engagement between a French privateer and an English merchant ship—the action lasted about 43 minutes, when the privateer sheer off, and left the ship to pursue her course. The privateer is a forestay-sail Schooner, and is undoubtedly one of those which have been cruising off this port lately, and the one which was chased to the southward on Tuesday night last, by the Driver Sloop of war—the mounts ten guns. The English ship was probably the Margaret, guineaman, which is momentarily expected from New-England.
STATE OF NEW-YORK.
NEW-YORK, JULY 12. A letter was received in town yesterday from Cadiz of the 4th of May, mentioning that flour was only 13 dollars, and very dull at that price. There was then in the Bay 15,000 barrels. Grain and flour was pouring from all quarters, as soon as the British blockading squadron left that place.
A letter from the supercargo of the ship Anna, to his owners in Savannah, dated Kingston, May 18th, 1805. "I avail myself of the first opportunity to advise you, that on Monday morning, the 6th inst. Cape Maize bearing N. W. by N. distant four leagues, being then in company with the brig Ohio, Capt. Rust, of New-York, to Falmouth, we were each brought too, boarded and captured by the felucca privateer Desiree, Captain Pupont, mounting one gun and forty-two men, who plundered us of every article they could find, and took out the captain, mate, boatwain and four seamen, in place of whom they put on board us a prize-master and six fellows, blacks and mulattoes—with orders to proceed in company with the brig and privateer, to St. Jago de Cuba; he continued in company until Wednesday morning, the eighth inst. when being almost under the guns of the Moro Castle, and the brig and privateer about two miles ahead, we discovered a large ship to windward, on which the prize master and crew, with our cook, took the jolly-boat and made for the land. Mr. Baker, a (passenger) myself and boy, made all sail and stood off shore—having hoisted the American over the French colors, (which in their fear they forgot to take with them) on the fore-top-mast-head, as a signal for the ship to bear down, which she immediately answered and prevented our being a second time taken, as the privateer, on seeing our colours hoisted, out sweeps and made all sail for us. The ship proved to be his Britannic majesty's ship Petterel, Capt. Lamborn, whose politeness, when on board his vessel, demands my acknowledgment, and to whom I surrendered the ship Anna, Caleb Johnston, late master. He sent us, as also the brig Fame, which he re-captured the same time he did the Anna, to this port, under convoy, of his Britannic majesty's schr. Flying-Fish, lieutenant Priar, where we arrived on Saturday, the 11th inst."
Capt. Stellwagen, arrived here yesterday from Malaga, informs, that on the 23d of June, in lat. 34, 40, long. 62, 10, he saw a fleet of French men of war, consisting of 23 sail, chiefly ships of the line, standing to the
north, the wind from the eastward. He was brought to by the Achilles of 84 guns, one of the fleet, who sent a boat on board, for Capt. S. and the ship's papers: and treated him politely. They were from the West-Indies; but Capt. Stellwagen did not learn where they were destined. He was informed by the lieutenant, that every ship had a great number of troops on board—and they were obliged to be on two-thirds allowance through the fleet.
Capt. O'Brien, whose arrival was mentioned yesterday from Point-Petre, informs, that about 30 pilots were taken at that place out of their beds at night, and put into small boats, and carried on board the Toulon fleet. The pilots had not returned when Capt. O'Brien sailed. On the 22d of June, Capt. O'Brien was close under the lee of Antigua, he saw four ships of the line under British colours, standing to the southward on a wind.
Capt. Baskirk, from St. Croix, informs, that the brig Volunteer, from New-York for Cape-Francois, upset in a squall. The Captain, mate, and all hands were saved and carried into St. Croix by Capt. Little, of Portland.—Vessel and cargo lost.
NEW-YORK, JULY 15.
FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT. BY EXPRESS. Philadelphia, Friday Evening, July 12. "I have just seen Capt. Webb, late of the ship Louisiana, from Port-au-Prince for this port. He left the Louisiana at sea, and was landed at Cape-May yesterday from on board the brig Ann Maria, Starbuck, from Port-au-Prince for New-York.—The Louisiana was seen by the Ann Maria, on the 10th June, in lat. 37, expecting to go into Hampton Roads, having left two anchors and cables at Port-au-Prince on the night of the 27th June. The Government owed the ship 33,000 dollars, and the ship owed for duties 23,000 dollars—payment of the former was denied—payment of the latter peremptorily demanded, and that in cash—the concerned thereupon had no alternative, but to cut, run, and take French leave!"
JULY 13. "We announce, with great satisfaction, the arrival at Newcastle of the ship Louisiana, Capt. Lewis, in 12 days from Port-au-Prince, with 1,200,000 wt. coffee, and 120,000 lbs. logwood. The cargo of this single ship is said to be equal to the whole amount of the fleet of five vessels lately arrived at New York from Port-au-Prince."
"We yesterday stated the arrival below of a vessel from the City of St. Domingo, with passengers, most of whom are sick—She is the brig Nancy, Capt. Leach, and has on board 40 French officers and soldiers, many of whom are suffering under wounds received in the late warfare near that city. One of the crew died on the passage under every indication of violent yellow fever; and the captain, and another hand, are now in a very low condition with the same disease."
"A gentleman passenger in the Julian, from St. Thomas, informs, that he saw a person from Laguira, which stated that that port was opened to neutrals on the 19th of June, to continue for 3 months."
MASSACHUSETTS.
BOSTON, JULY 15.
FROM CADIZ. Capt. Seward, arrived here on Friday, informs, that there were five sail of the Spanish line, lying in the bay ready for sea; one of 140 guns, 2 of 74, 2 of 64, and 4 others were to drop down in a few days, and wait the arrival of 12 more from Carthagena, which were hourly expected:—There was no account from the Combined Fleet, since they left Cadiz; their destination was still a secret.—Capt. S. also informs, that Gen. Moreau had had a friendly hint to leave Spain; and was to take passage either in the ship Secheim, of Willesletter, for Boston, or in the Washington, for New-Bedford.
WARREN, SATURDAY, JULY 20.
It is reported that a lad about 13 years of age hung himself in the country, the last week, not far from Boston.
We understand that several persons have been disagreeably affected in consequence of eating cheese. It is conjectured the milk was warmed in brass vessels not properly prepared.
Accounts from St. Jago de Cuba, have been received at New-York, stating that the Negroes of that city had revolted, and committed great excesses.
A letter from Glasgow [Scot.] says— "Since Louisiana came into the possession of the United States, our demands for that country have increased rapidly, and with the importation of raw materials, for our manufacture, such as cotton, ashes, indigo, &c. great quantities of gold and silver specie have been imported here and at London, Liverpool, &c. from America, within the last twelve months, to the amount it is supposed, of 3 or 4,000,000 dollars."
A Liverpool paper of the 1st of May, says:— "Sir Francis Baring has retired from business, with a fortune, it is said, of upwards of 1,500,000. leaving in the firm he has just quitted a most capital flock for continuing the business."
STATE OF RHODE-ISLAND.
DISTRICT OF NEWPORT.
Entered. Sloop Fame, Justin, New-York — Sally, Winflow, Ditto Schooner Venus, Anthony, Ditto — Polly, Payne, Edenton — Commerce, Bull, Cabanas Cleared. Sloop Fame, Justin, New-York — Aurora, Cahoon, Ditto Brig Industry, Carter, Havana Ship Semiramis, Malbone, Teneriffa
DISTRICT OF BRISTOL.
Cleared. Sloop Rebeckah, Hicks, Newport — Betty, Cowing, Norfolk
Norfolk, July 12. Arrived, Sloop Sally, J. Halse, jun. master, of Warren, (R. I.) in 12 days from Tobago. The brig Stork, Cornel, of Bristol, (R. I.) was spoke on the 25th ult. in lat. 37, 59, long. 60, five days out, bound to Leghorn.
NEW-YORK, JULY 12. Arrived yesterday, the ship Orlando, 67 days from Malaga. Sailed in company with the Commerce, Congdon, for New-York, and the Deborah, Kent, of Duckbury, for Philadelphia. Left at Malaga, brig Eliza, Ozithy, of New-York, to sail in a few days. The schr. Mary Tabbert, Maxwell, of Norfolk, in 33 days passage, with fleet, arrived the day before Capt. S. failed. Spoke, two Portuguese men of war, off the Rock of Gibraltar, cruising for Algerines—also, an armed brig, (supposed to be the United States brig Syren, which left Malaga a few days before for Gibraltar. Sunday, June 23, lat. 34, 38, long. 62, 20, saw a fleet of French men of war, consisting of 23 sail, chiefly ships of the line, heading to the northward with the wind at east; was brought too by one of the ships, the Achilles, of 84 guns; the boat was sent with the lieutenant for Capt. S. and his papers: treated him politely, and detained him but a few minutes; could not learn their destination; but that they were from the West-Indies full of troops. Tuesday, June 25, lat. 35, long. 64, 50, saw a vessel bottom upwards, appeared to be about 80 tons burthen, with a white bottom, a high sea running prevented from getting along side. Friday, June 28, at 9 P. M. spoke the ship Caledonia, Henderson, from New-York 3 days out, for Amsterdam, another sail in sight, which Capt. H. informed was ship H. de Ware, Matjack, of New-York for London. Friday, July 5, at 6 P. M. spoke brig Jane, Williamson, of Philadelphia, 38 days from Bordeaux for Philadelphia. Monday, July 8, in 38 fathoms water, was boarded by a privateer Schooner under English colours, which proved to be French, who afterwards fled to the N. E. Between lat. 34 and 38, and long. 20 and 30, had severe westerly gales for 3 weeks—and thick foggy weather on the coast for a week past. Lat. 36, long. 9, spoke ship Alfred, of Kinsale, for Sicily.
Same day, at quarantine, the schr. Hampshire, Barber, in 16 days from St. Thomas. Spoke July 6, in lat. 35, long. 74, 30, the Schooner Nancy, Leek, from the City of St. Domingo for Philadelphia—all hands sick except the mate—who had 23 passengers. July 7, in lat. 37, long. 72, 30, the Schooner Lucy, of Weathersfield, five days from New-York for Bermuda.
JULY 13. Arrived, the brig Diana, of N. Bedford, in 21 days from Trinidad. Left ship Volunteer, Council, of Philadelphia, detained by the Kingfisher; barque Harper, Lander, in 5 days for Salem; brig Sally, Low, Baltimore 10: brig —, Pride, New-York 15; and sloop Neptune, March, of Saco, Me. detained there by Mr. A. T. Smith. June 27, in lat. 13, 30, long. 64, 30, spoke ship Party, of N. York, who had been captured by a Spanish privateer, and bound to Porto-Rico. Marking good. Flour 23 dollars per barrel, pork 30, beef 18.
BOSTON, JULY 13. Arrived, the brig Dolphin, Capt. Tyler, from St. Lucar. June 1, lat. 59, 54, long. 21, spoke the English outward West-India fleet; boarded and treated civilly.—June 9, lat. 40, long. 34, was boarded by the English frigate Lapwing, the captain informed, that he had spoke three American Gun-Boats, Nos. 3, 6, and 10, and that the officers and crews were much pleased with them, finding them to be good sea-boats.—June 24, in lat. 41, 40, long. 59, fell in with a brig, a wreck, both masts lying a long side, full of water, with a Lion Head, yellow mouldings, with black between quarter boards inside green, belfrey and a galley, Verdigris boot-top, pumps along side the companion way; she appeared to have been but a short time at sea; her cargo was supposed to consist of Teas and Cotton; hooked out of her cabin some late New-York papers, a cocked hat, &c.; found one dead body on board, which Capt. Tyler committed to the waves; Capt. Tyler tried to tow her into port, but meeting with light and head winds, was compelled to abandon her.—June 24, spoke brig Iris, 7 days from New-York.—26 h. lat. 42, long. 59, brig Algot, 6 days from Boston, for Amsterdam—same day, brig Star, Swett, 29 days from Cadiz for Providence.
RUNAWAY from the Subscriber, on Sunday the 7th inst. an indentured Bengal Boy, named TOM, but it is likely will call himself Simon, about 16 Years of Age, of a Swarthy complexion:—Had on when he went away a blue Nankin Short Jacket and Waistcoat, Tow Cloth Trowsers, and carried away with him a suit of striped Cotton and other Cloth's.—Whoever apprehends said Boy, and returns him to the Subscriber, shall receive One Cent Reward. I hereby forbid any Master of Vessel or others from carrying away or harboring said Boy on Penalty of the Law. WILLIAM READ. Somerset, July 8, 1805.

APOLLO'S FOUNT.
From the BOSTON WEEKLY MAGAZINE.
MASONIC SONG.
WHEN first out of chaos this wonderful ball Was call'd by the Pow'r who created us all; Who mark'd out the path where each planet should roll,
What beauty and symmetry shone through the whole; Just wak'd into being, Man saw with surprise, A scene thus stupendously glorious and wise; And gazing with wonder his bosom was fir'd, To imitate what he so greatly admir'd.
From Heaven's first impulse the thought had its birth, That early was Masonry founded on earth. To prove the Creator approv'd the great plan, A wondrous design was imparted to man; The ark was beheld with delight and surprise; The heaven-taught architect, bade it arise. So wise its construction, 'twould easily brave The impetuous deluge our master to save; For Noah, our primitive master was there, Whom Heaven, though wroth, was determined to spare;
To save for his truth, for his honour, and worth, That Masonry ever might flourish on earth."
When the wisest of men sat on Judah's throne, The sect he approv'd, and was proud to be one He bade them, and well was the mandate observ'd, A temple erect to the God whom they serv'd. Tho' time has since raz'd that great effort of art, The Temple each Mason still bears in his heart, Where Truth, Love, and Mercy, with Charity wait, And Silence is plac'd as a guard at the gate; While cheerful good humour and innocent mirth, Make Masons the happiest people on earth.
Then search round the universe, where shall we find, A sect so united, so firmly combin'd? No party dispute here, or mi-judging zeal, Can enter to damp the affection we feel. But heart springs to heart, and united each brother, Reciprocal smiles as they greet one another, Hand in hand then united, our voices shall rise, And this fervent prayer ascend to the skies; May Peace, Love, and Mercy, in union rush forth, 'Till Masonry spread far and wide through the earth.
From the BOSTON WEEKLY MAGAZINE.
NUMA.—No. VIII.
O treacherous Conscience! while she seems to sleep On rose and myrtle, lull'd with syren song; While she seems, nodding o'er her charge, to drop On headlong appetite the slacken'd rein, And give up to licence unrecall'd, Unmark'd;—see, from behind her secret stand, The fly informer minutes ev'ry fault, And her dread diary with horror fills.
YOUNG.
AT the solemn hour of dissolution, "when our flesh and our heart shall fail us," on what is our reliance, or from what quarter shall we derive consolation, but from an approving conscience? As for riches and honors, where are they, or what help do they yield us, on our way from time to e- ternity? They cannot speak one word of comfort to us, nor in the least ame- liorate the asperities of death; they may reproach, but cannot console us. At this awful crisis, when the horrors and stings of a dying bed discompose the mind; when an adjustment of our secular concerns and our undue at- tachment to the world and its vanities, render the sick-bed an uneasy and wretched place; what can hush the groans of those untranquil hours, what can lull those corroding affections or what can assuage the troubled waters of our breasts, but a placid and ap- proving conscience?
Ye frail mortals, learn early the forlorn result of dallying with your principles and consciences, of the fol- ly of yielding to the wishes of others, instead of adhering to the monitor of your own breasts. You are alarmed at the enmity of men, but unappre- hensive of the approbation of your own breasts; you are scrupulous in sacrificing the wishes and interests of the world, but careless and indifferent to the dictates of a more solemn teach- er. Conscience may for a while re- main in apparent apathy, but in her seclusion she "minutes every fault," and when the agility of youth, and the fervidness of middle age shall yield to the fable and gloomy sway of years, her "dread diary" will rise up in judgment and turmoil against you.— You seek for approbation and applause among men, and immolate every prin- ciple of interest and of duty for the consummation; but years, experience and accusing conscience, will instruct you, that there are no true commenda- tions, but what is found at the thres- hold of your own breast, and at the Delphos of your own consciences. If your own heart declare your recti- tude and your innocence, what other sources of justification do you need? if your own minds expand with a love of virtue and religion, what even in the plenitude of your wishes, can you desire than this sacred beat- itude.
Remember that conscience is like an enemy, indignant at an affront, and bent upon retaliation; remember too,
that she is ever a triumphant and a val- iant enemy, she claims the superiority in point of dominion, for she has plac- ed her ramparts, in the very heart of our frame. Then if she has so com- plete an ascendancy over us, so domi- nant in her precepts, and so rigid in her admonitions, let us cultivate her friendship, assimilate our conduct to her instructions, and become altogether her subjects and her children. Then whatsoever things are lovely, whatso- ever things are just and of credible report, will be the manifest tenor of our conduct, and the praiseworthy rule of our lives. With such a con- science, we shall remain unruffled in age, serene in adversity, and tran- quil through all the hours this side the grave.
Wethersfield, (Con.) May, 1805.
AN ENQUIRY INTO THE EFFECTS OF LOVE ON LIFE AND MANNERS.
THERE is something irresist- ibly pleasing in the conversation of a fine woman; even though her tongue be silent, the eloquence of her eyes teaches wisdom. The mind sympathiz- es with the regularity of the object in view, and struck with external grace, vibrates into respondent harmony. In this agreeable disposition, I lately found myself in company with a friend and his niece. Our conversation turned upon love, which she seemed equally capable of defending and inspiring. We were each of different opinions upon this subject; the lady insisted that it was a natural and universal pas- sion, and produced the happiness of those who cultivated it with proper precaution. My friend denied it to be the work of nature, but allowed it to have a real existence, and affirmed that it was of infinite service in refin- ing society; while I, to keep up the dispute, affirmed it to be merely a name, first used by the cunning part of the fair sex, and admitted by the silly part of ours, therefore no way more natural than taking snuff or chewing opium.
"How is it possible," cried I, "that such a passion can be natural, when our opinions even of beauty, which inspires it, are entirely the re- sult of fashion and caprice? The an- cients, who pretend to be connoisseurs in the art have praised narrow fore- heads, red hair, and eye-brows that joined each other over the nose. Such were the charms that once captivated Catullus, Ovid, and Anacreon. La- dies would at present be out of hu- mour, if their lovers praised them for such graces; and should an antique beauty now revive, her face would cer- tainly be put under the discipline of the tweezer forehead-cloth, and lead-comb, before it could be seen in public com- pany."
"But the difference between the ancients and moderns, is not so great as between the different countries of the present world. A lover of Gon- gora, for instance, sighs for thick lips; a Chinese lover is poetical in praise of thin. In Circassia, a straight nose is thought most consistent with beauty; cross but a mountain which separates it from the Tartars, and their flat no- ses, tawny skins, and eyes three inches asunder, are all the fashion. In Per- sia, and some other countries, a man when he marries, chuses to have his bride a maid; in the Philippine is- lands, if a bride groom happens to per- ceive on the first night, that he is put off with a virgin, the marriage is de- clared void to all intents and purposes, and the bride sent back with disgrace. In some of the East, a woman of beau- ty, properly fed up for sale, often a- mounts to one hundred crowns; in the kingdom of Loango, ladies of the very best fashion are sold for a pig; queens however, sell better, and some- times amount to a cow. In short, turn over to England, don't I there see a beautiful part of the sex neglected; and none now marrying, or making love, but old men and old women, that have saved money? Don't I see beauty, from fifteen to twenty-one, rendered null and void, to all intents
and purposes, and those six precious years of womanhood, put under the statute of virginity; What! shall I call that rancid passion, love, which passes between an old bachelor of fif- ty-six, and a widow lady of forty-nine? Never! never! What advantage is society to reap from an intercourse, where the big belly is oftentimes on the man's side? Would any persuade me that such a passion was natural, unless the human race were more fit for love, as they approach the decline, and like silk-worms, became breeders, just be- fore they expired?"
"Whether love be natural or no," replied my friend gravely, "it con- tributes to the happiness of every soci- ety in which it is introduced. All our pleasures are short, and can only charm at intervals; love is a method of pro- tracting our greatest pleasure; and surely that gamester, who plays the greatest stake to the best advantage, will at the end of life, rise victorious. This was the opinion of Vanini, who affirmed that, "every hour was lost which was not spent in love." His accusers were unable to comprehend his meaning, and the poor advocate for love was burned in flames, alas! no way metaphorical. But whatever advantages the individual may reap from this passion, society will certain- ly be refined and improved by its in- troduction; all laws, calculated to discourage it, tend to embrute the spe- cies, and weaken the state. Though it cannot plant morals in the human breast, it cultivates them when there: pity, generosity, and honour, receive a brighter polish from its assistance; and a single amour is sufficient entirely to brush off the clown."
"But it is an exotic of the most delicate constitution; it requires the greatest art to introduce it into a state; and the smallest discouragement is suf- ficient to repress it again. Let us on- ly consider with what ease it was for- merly extinguished in Rome, and with what difficulty it was lately revived in Europe: it seemed to sleep for ages, and at last fought its way among us, through tilts, tournaments, dragons, and all the dreams of chivalry. The rest of the world are, and have ever been, utter strangers to its delights and advantages. In other countries as men find themselves stronger than women, they lay a claim to rigorous superiori- ty; this is natural, and love which gives up this natural advantage, must certainly be the effect of art. An art calculated to lengthen out our happier moments, and add new graces to so- ciety."
"I entirely acquiesce in your sen- timents," says the lady, "with regard to the advantages of this passion, but cannot avoid giving it a nobler origin than you have been pleased to assign. I must think, that those countries where it is rejected, are obliged to have recourse to art to stifle so natural a projection, and those nations where it is cultivat- ed, only make nearer advances to na- ture. The same efforts, that are used in some places to suppress pity and other natural passions, may have been employed to extinguish love. No na- tion, however unpolished, is remarka- ble for innocence, that has not been famous for passion: it has flourished in the coldest, as well as the warmest regions. Even in the sultry wiles of southern America, the lover is not sat- isfied with possessing his mistress's per- son, without having her mind; In all my Enna's beauties blest, Amidst profusion still to pine; For tho' she gives me up her breast, Its panting tenant is not mine."
"But the effects of love are too violent to be the result of an artful pas- sion. Nor is it in the power of fash- ion, to force the constitution into those changes, which we every day observe. Several have died of it. Few lovers are unacquainted with the fate of the two Italian lovers, De Corsin and Julia Bellamano, who, after a long separa- tion, expired with pleasure in each o- ther's arms. Such instances are too strong confirmations of the reality of passion, and serve to shew that sup- pressing it, is but opposing the natur- al dictates of the heart."
BERTRAND AND AMARILLA.
A FRAGMENT.
SEE yonder precipice! which rudely hangs its head o'er the wide sheeted lake: On that the love- ly Amarilla her nightly vigils kept with the lov'd ghost of Bertrand. Ber- trand the gay, the witty, and the brave (peace to his shade) ador'd his Ama- rilla. But she, alas! enslav'd by the silly caprice of the sex, disdain'd his proffer'd vows, although within her bosom there dwelt a flame as bright as heavenly fire, or that which reigns within the bosom of an Anchorite , when his uplifted soul is placed on heavenly things. The youth being led by that dire rage which too oft attends disdain- ed love, and hurried on by the impet- uous whirlwind of passion, mounted the summit of that awful rock, and, with a frightful wildness in his looks, leaped from the dreary top!
The spirits of the lake received him in their azure arms, and soon by gentlest wafts, g rest his corpse upon the willowed bank.
The nymph when first she heard the news of Bertrand's death—not all the eloquence of piety, though urged in heavenly strains, could hinder her from falling into an ecstasy of passion, tearing her auburn locks, and nightly upon the summit of the rock held converse with the shade of Ber- trand. Long did she observe this cus- tom; 'till one rude boisterous night, a mighty whirlwind rose, and with irre- sistible force hurried the fair mourner into the dread abys!
ANECDOTES.
A PARISH clerk in the north of England, not long ago hired a Scotchman for his servant, who was to go at the cart and plough, and do o- ther occasional jobs when wanted. In the course of conversation at hiring, the clerk asked him, if he could sub- mit to the unpleasant business of digg- ing graves? to which he exclaimed, "I'll warrant ye master, I cou'd dig down the kirk for that matter; our auld bellman at Jedburgh us'd to says he never had better pay, nor better jobs than howking holes for fouk." It hap- pened, soon after entering to his ser- vice, that there was a heavy fall of snow, which impeded all out door la- bor—one morning he came to his mas- ter, and asked him what employment he was to go to that day. The em- ployer hesitated for some moments, and at last told him he could not find nothing for him to do. Sawney, with great gravity, replied, "I think, mas- ter, I'll away up to the kirk-yard and howk a few graves; we may as weel ha'e a wheen ready, for they may come faster in when they ken we are pre- par'd for them."
AN Irish gentleman visiting some friends in the North, was receiv- ed with so much hospitality, and drank so very hard, that he departed in a shorter time than was expected; and when being asked the reason, very gravely said, that he liked them so very well, and ate and drank so incessantly that he was sure if he lived there a month longer, he should die in a fortnight."
NOTICE.
WANTED by the Subscriber, an Apprentice of about 14 or 15 Years of Age—to learn the TANNING, CURRY- ING and SHOE-MAKING BUSSINESS— to which good encouragement will be given. CASSANDER KINGMAN. Warren, July 5, 1805.
FOR SALE, BY
FREEBORN SISSON, on Distill-House Wharf, 1500 Bushels coarse LIVERPOOL SALT, fittable for Packing Fish. Five Pipes well flavored old French BRANDY. 2 Hhds. do. old RUM. 50 Barrels Boston, No. 1 and 2 Salt BEEF. Bbls. of Black & White VARNISH.
WANTED—Three smart Jour- neymen COOPERS, to whom good Wages and constant Employ will be given. Also, Fifty Cords of Wood, to be delivered at the Distill-House. Warren, March 2, 1805. (1be)