Jenks's Portland gazette (Portland [Me.]), 1800-12-15 00:00:00

JENKS' PORTLAND GAZETTE.
PUBLISHED BY ELEZER ALLEY JENKS, PRINTER OF THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES, FOR THE DISTRICT OF MAINE.
[NUMBER 138]
MONDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1800.
[VOLUME III.]
By Authority.
By JOHN ADAMS, President of the United States, A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS a Treaty of Amity and Commerce, between the United States of America and his majesty the King of Prussia, was concluded and signed at Berlin on the eleventh day of July, and in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine, by the Plenipotentiaries of the said United States and of his majesty the King of Prussia, duly and respectively authorised for that purpose; which treaty is in the words following, to wit:
AND WHEREAS the said Treaty has by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by his majesty the King of Prussia, on the other part, been duly approved and ratified: AND WHEREAS the ratifications thereof, were duly exchanged at Berlin, on the twenty second day of June last past: NOW THEREFORE, to the end that the said treaty may be executed and observed with punctuality and the most sincere regard to good faith, on the part of the United States, I DO HEREBY make known the premises, and enjoin and require all persons bearing office, civil or military, within the United States, and all others, citizens or inhabitants thereof, or being within the same, to execute and observe the said treaty accordingly.
IN TESTIMONY whereof I have caused the Seal of the United States of America to be affixed to these presents, and signed the same with my hand. Done at the city of Washington, the fourth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred, and of the Independence of the United States the twenty fifth.
John Adams.
By the President, JOHN MARSHALL, Secretary of State.
War Department,
November 13th, 1800.
THOSE gentlemen who have applied for military appointments in the service of the United States, are informed, that their applications with all the recommendatory letters accompanying, were consumed by fire in the War Office, on Saturday evening last. Those who continue to desire to be considered as candidates, will see the propriety of renewing their application.
SAMUEL DEXTER, Secretary of War.
Miscellany.
FROM A NEWYORK PAPER.
JOHN JAY.
WHEN a great and good man relinquishes honors of an important station, and retires to the shades of private life, we admire the independence of the measure, and at the same time regret the public loss which most usually results.
Mr. Jay has formerly announced a decided resolution to withdraw from the future cares of a political career.
It is two frequently the case that men of the greatest powers retire to domestic ease, while persons of shallow talents and narrow views, by well laid plans of cunning and finesse, occupy places which they never can discharge to the honor or advantage of the public. His Excellency John Jay, is a man who has abdicated office with dignity and undiminished fame; and the gratitude of the virtuous and discerning part of the community, is the principal reward of his important labors.
The greatest part of his long and honorable life he devoted to his country, when its peculiar situation demanded the assistance of the uncommon talents and attainments with which he was endowed. He is a man whose name and virtues will be familiar to the Citizens of these States, while a remembrance of the American Revolution shall exist. As early as the year 1765, his pen was enlisted in the service of his country, and to him were attributed the most spirited addresses to the British Throne, in which the encroachments of prerogative were displayed, and the rights of his fellow subjects were forcibly defended. These productions were undoubtedly a prelude to our subsequent independence.
During our tedious struggle with the Government of Britain, he filed several elevated stations, with equal honor to himself and advantage to the States. At the close of this disastrous war, his able and successful negotiations lay us under obligations which are entailed on our remotest offspring. This assertion is warranted by a remark of the French Minister, Vergennes, who declared in the presence of his Royal Master, that the Americans might have probably contended seven years longer for their rights, were it not for the deep foresight and inflexible integrity of John Jay. While Chief Justice of the United States, extensive was the legal knowledge he displayed,
and so just the decisions he pronounced, that the language of regret was echoed through the Union when he declined a continuance of the office.
The treaty which he negotiated with the Court of London met with the sanction of the sage WASHINGTON and the approbation of all honest and judicious men. This treaty has preserved our neutrality at a most eventful crisis. It has rescued us from the oppression of the French. It has given us a higher rank among the nations of the earth, and made us respected by the greatest maritime power in the world. That it has been reprobated by the enemies of America and the friends of France is sufficient testimony of its worth.
So able was the administration of Mr. Jay, while Governor of this State, that he answered the best wishes of the friends of Peace while he commanded the esteem of the factious and deluded.
As many of our well meaning citizens, influenced by a misplaced zeal, in conjunction with designing men, had returned to the legislature of our State, characters both contemptible and ignorant (merely because they called themselves the friends of public liberty and the people) the office of Chief Magistrate became a serious duty. JOHN JAY, however, has proved himself equal to the task; for some of the most stubborn Jacobins have yielded to his guidance, while the more refractory have acknowledged the preeminence of its merits.
In short, were we to trace this excellent man, through all the stages of his valuable life, we should find that he has been the uniform friend to true freedom, and openly opposed to the views of "demagogues, and the visions of the orators."
FROM A PHILADELPHIA PAPER.
The chamber of the Senate of the United States is upon the ground floor of the capitol; that of the Representatives in the second story, which reveals the phrase of upper and lower house. Nothing can exceed the elegance of the former. The portraits of the King and Queen of France, instead of being placed in an outer chamber as in this city formerly, are now placed on each side of the President's chair: So that Mr. Jefferson can neither look to the right or the left without having Royalty staring him in the face.
On Thursday last came on in the Supreme Court of this State, Chief Justice Shippen, the trial of Dallas v. Fenno. This was a civil action to recover damages for a libel. The defendant did not appear, nor was any counsel engaged in his defence. The trial, however, proceeded, and yesterday morning the jury returned a verdict of two thousand five hundred dollars!! for the plaintiff. We understand, that in consequence of an error in omitting to fill up certain blanks in the declaration, a rule of law will interpose, by which the damage will be reduced to one thousand dollars.
National Legislature.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
City of Washington—TUESDAY, NOV. 25.
MR. Griswold, as Chairman of the Committee, appointed to draft an answer to the President's Speech, reported the same, which was ordered to be printed.
On motion of Mr. Otis, a letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, announcing his determination of resigning his secretaryship, and inviting an investigation into his official conduct was committed to a committee of seven.
The House being in committee of the whole, Gen. Lee moved the appointment of a committee to report suitable measures for carrying into effect the resolutions passed the last session, commemorative of the political services of Gen. Washington. Ordered to lie on the table.
WEDNESDAY, NOV. 26.
The answer to the President's Speech was debated, and after some amendment, accepted. It is to be presented tomorrow.
Answer of the Senate to the President's Speech.
To the President of the United States.
SIR,
IMPRESSED with the important truth that the hearts of Rulers and people are in the hand of the Almighty, the Senate of the United States most cordially join in your invocations for appropriate blessings upon the Governors and People of this union.
We meet you, Sir, and the other branch of the National Legislature, in the city which is honored by the name of our late hero and sage, the illustrious WASHINGTON, with sensations and emotions, which exceed our power of description.
While we congratulate ourselves on the convention of the Legislature at the permanent seat of government, and ardently hope that permanence and stability may be communicated as well to the government itself as to its seat; our minds are irresistibly led to deplore the death of him who bore so honorable and efficient a part in the establishment of both. Great indeed would have been our gratification, if his sum of earthly happiness had been completed, by seeing the government thus peaceably convened at this place: But we derive consolation from a belief that the moment in which we were destined to experience the loss we deplore, was fixed by that Being whose counsels cannot err; and from a hope, that since in this seat of government which bears his name, his earthly remains will be deposited, the Members of Congress, and all who inhabit the city, with these memorials before them, will retain his virtues in lively recollection, and make his patriotism, morals and piety, models for imitation. And permit us to add, Sir, that it is not among the least of our consolation, that you, who have been his companion and friend, from the dawning of our national existence, and trained in the same school of exertion to effect our independence, are still preserved, by a gracious providence, in health and activity to exercise the functions of Chief Magistrate.
The question whether the local powers over the district of Columbia, vested by the constitution in the Congress of the United States, shall be immediately exercised, is of great importance, and in deliberating upon it, we shall naturally be led to weigh the attending circumstances and every probable consequence of the measure which may be prepared.
The several subjects for Legislative consideration contained in your speech to both houses of Congress, shall receive from the Senate all the attention which they can give, when contemplated those objects both in respect to their national importance, and the additional weight that is given them by your recommendation.
We deprecate with you, Sir, all spirit of innovation from whatever quarter it may arise, which may impair the sacred bond that cement the different parts of this Empire; and we trust, that under the protection of Divine Providence, the wisdom and virtue of the citizens of the United States will deliver our national compact unimpaired to a grateful posterity.
From past experience, it is impossible for the Senate of the United States, to doubt of your zealous co-operation with the Legislature in every effort to promote the general happiness and tranquility of the union.
Accept, Sir, our warmest wishes for your health and happiness.
The President's Reply.
Mr. President, and Gentlemen of the Senate.
FOR this excellent address so respectful to the memory of my illustrious predecessor, which I receive from the Senate of the United States at this time, and in this place with peculiar satisfaction, I pray you to accept my unfeigned acknowledgements. With you I ardently hope that permanence and stability will be communicated as well to the government itself as to its beautiful and commodious seat. With you I deplore the death of that hero and sage, who bore so honorable and efficient a part in the establishment of both. Great indeed would have been my gratification, if his scene of earthly happiness had been completed by seeing the government thus peaceably convened at this place, himself at its head. But while we submit to the decisions of Heaven, whose counsels are inscrutable to us, we cannot but hope that the members of Congress, the officers of government, and all who inhabit the city or the county shall retain his virtues in lively recollection, and make his patriotism, morals and piety, models for imitation.
I thank you gentlemen for your assurance that the several subjects for Legislative consideration recommended in my communication to both Houses shall receive from the Senate a deliberate and candid attention.
With you, gentlemen, I sincerely deprecate all spirit of innovation, which may weaken the sacred bond that connects the different parts of this National Government, and with you I trust, that under the protection of Divine Providence, the wisdom and virtue of our citizens, will deliver our national compact unimpaired, to a free, prosperous, happy and grateful posterity.—To this end it is my fervent prayer, that in this city, the fountains of wisdom may be always open, and the streams of eloquence for ever flow. Here may the youth of this extensive country for ever look up without disappointment, not only to the monuments and memorials of the dead, but to the examples of the living, in the members of Congress and officers of Government for finished models of all those virtues, graces, talents and accomplishments, which constitute the dignity of human nature, and lay the only foundation for the prosperity or duration of empires.
John Adams.
City of Washington, Nov. 26, 1800.
Answer of the House of Representatives to the President's Speech.
To the President of the United States.
SIR, THE House of Representatives have received, with great respect, the communication which you have been pleased to make to the two houses of Congress, at the commencement of the present session.
The final establishment of the seat of national government, which has now taken place, within the district of Columbia, is an event of no small importance in the political transactions of our country; and we cordially unite our wishes with yours, that this territory may be the residence of happiness and virtue.
Nor can we, on this occasion, omit to express a hope, that the spirit which animated the great founder of this city, may descend to future generations, and that the wisdom, magnanimity and steadiness, which marked the events of his public life, may be imitated in all succeeding ages.
A consideration of those powers, which have been vested in Congress over the district of Columbia, will not escape our attention, nor shall we forget, that in exercising these powers, a regard must be had to those events, which will necessarily attend the capital of America.
The cheerfulness and regularity, with which the officers and soldiers of the temporary army, have returned to the condition of private citizens, is a testimony, clear and conclusive, of the purity of those motives, which induced them to engage in the public service, and will remain a proof on all future occasions that an army of soldiers, drawn from the citizens of our country, deserves our confidence and respect.
No subject can be more important, than that of the Judiciary, which you have again recommended to our consideration, and it shall receive our early and deliberate attention.
The Constitution of the United States having considered the management of our foreign negotiations to the controul of the executive power, we cheerfully submit to its decisions on this important subject. And in respect to the negotiations now pending with France we sincerely hope that the final result may prove as fortunate to our country as the most ardent mind can wish.
So long as a predatory war is carried on against our commerce, we should sacrifice the interests, and disappoint the expectations of our constituents should we, for a moment, relax that system of Maritime defence, which has resulted in such beneficial effects. At this period it is confidently believed, that few persons can be found within the United States, who do not admit that a navy, well organized, must constitute the natural and efficient defence of this country against all foreign hostility.
The progress which has been made in the manufacture of arms, leaves no doubt that the public patronage, has already placed this country beyond all necessary dependence on foreign markets, for an article so indispensable for defence; and gives us assurance, that under the encouragement which government will continue to extend to this important object, we shall soon rival foreign countries not only in the number but in the quality of arms, completed from our own manufactories.
Few events could have been more pleasing to our constituents, than that great and rapid increase of revenue, which has arisen from permanent taxes. Whilst this event explains the great and increasing resource of our country, it carries along with it a proof which cannot be resisted that those measures of maritime defence, which were calculated to meet our enemy upon the ocean, and which have produced such extensive protection to our commerce, were founded in wisdom and policy. The mind must in our opinion, be insensible to the plainest truths, which cannot discern the elevated ground on which this policy has placed our country. That national spirit, which alone could vindicate our common rights, has been roused, and those latent energies, which had not fully known, were unfolded and brought into view, and our fellow citizens were prepared to meet every event, which national honor or national security could render necessary. Nor have its effects been much less important in other respects. Whilst many of the nations of the earth, have been impoverished and depopulated, by internal commotions, and national contests, our internal peace has not been materially impaired—our commerce has extended, under the protection of our infant navy, to every part of the Globe—wealth has flowed without intermission into our Seaports, and the labours of the Husbandman, have been rewarded by a ready market for the productions of the soil.
Be assured, Sir, that the various and important subjects, recommended to our consideration, shall receive our early and deliberate attention, and confident of your co-operation, in every measure which may be calculated to promote the general interest, we shall endeavor on our part, to testify by our industry and dispatch, the zeal and sincerity with which we regard the public good.

The President's Reply.
Mr Speaker and Gentlemen of the House of Representatives,
COMPLETED, by the habits of a long life, as well as by all the principles of society and government which I could ever understand and believe, to consider the great Body of the People, as the source of all legitimate authority, no less than of all efficient power; it is impossible for me to receive this Address, from the immediate Representatives of the American People, at this time, and in this place, without emotions which it would be improper to express, if any language could convey them.
May the spirit, which animated the great founder of this city, descend to future generations, and may the wisdom, magnanimity, and steadiness, which marked the events of his public life, be imitated in all succeeding ages.
I thank you, Gentlemen, for your assurance, that the Judiciary system shall receive your deliberate attention.
With you, Gentlemen, I sincerely hope that the final result of the negotiations now pending with France, may prove as fortunate to our country, as they have been commenced with sincerity and prosecuted with deliberation and caution.
With you I cordially agree, that so long as a predatory war is carried on against our Commerce, we shall facilitate the interest, and disappoint the expectations of our Constituents, should we, for a moment, relax that SYSTEM OF MARITIME DEFENCE, which has resulted in such beneficial effects. With you, I confidently believe, that few persons can be found within the United States, who do not admit, that a NAVY, well organized, must constitute the natural and efficient defence of this country against all foreign hostility.
Those who recollect the distress and danger to this country, in former periods, from the want of arms, must exult in the assurance, from their Representatives, that we shall on rival foreign countries, not only in the number, but in the quality of arms, completed from our own manufactures.
With you, Gentlemen, I fully agree, that the great increase of Revenue, is a proof that the measures of Maritime Defence, were founded in wisdom. This policy has raised us, in the esteem of foreign nations. That national spirit, and those latent energies, which had not been and are not yet fully known to any, were not entirely forgotten by those who had lived long enough to see, in former times, their operation, and some of their effects. Our Fellow-Citizens were undoubtedly prepared to meet every event, which national honor, or national security could render necessary. These, it is to be hoped, are secured at the cheapest and easiest rate. If not, they will be secured at more expense.
I thank you, Gentlemen, for your assurance, that the various subjects, recommended by your consideration, shall receive your deliberate attention. No further evidence is wanting to convince me of the zeal and sincerity with which the House of Representatives regard the public good.
I pray you, Gentlemen, to accept of my best wishes for your health and happiness.
John Adams.
Washington, Nov. 17, 1800.
Late Foreign News.
By an arrival at New York from Liverpool.
American Affairs.
PARIS, OCT. 6. Citizen Joseph Bonaparte, President of the Committee of Ministers Plenipotentiary, charged to negotiate with the Envoys Extraordinary, Ministers Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, gave a very splendid entertainment to these Ministers on the 2d inst. at Mosfontaine, in celebration of the return of good understanding between the two States. The First Consul went to Mosfontaine with his family at three o'clock, where he was joined by the two other Consuls, all the Ministers, the Members of the corps diplomatique, the Counsellors of State, the Presidents of the Senate, of the Legislative Body and Tribunate, and several persons formerly in the service of the U. States, among whom we observed Gen. La Fayette.
At six o'clock the Ministers for foreign affairs delivered to the First Consul the convention signed the 1st of October, between the French and American Ministers; and this delivery was announced by a discharge of cannon. The dinner consisted of 180 covers, and was served up on three tables, in three halls, communicating with each other. The first was the Hall of Union. The second and third, which bore the names of Washington and Franklin, were ornamented with the busts of the great men. The first was by far the most brilliant in decorations, the devices being all emblematic or indicative of the prominent events of the American Revolution.
After dinner several toasts were drank. The first, given by the Chief Consul, was, "To the manes of the French and the Americans, who died on the field of battle for the Independence of the New World."
The second, by the Consul Cambacérès: "To the successor of Washington."
The Consul Le Brun—
"To the union of America with the Powers of the North, to enforce respect to the liberty of the seas"
After dinner were fire-works, emblematic of the occasion, which were succeeded by a concert, and that was followed by a spectacle, which closed the night.
On the 4th, about mid day, the American Ministers took leave of the Chief Consul, to whom they were presented by the Minister for Foreign Affairs. Mr. Elsworth, in the name of his colleagues, said, that he hoped the convention signed on the 3d, would prove the basis of a lasting friendship between France and America. Mr. Murray added, that the American Ministers would neglect nothing to promote this desirable object. The Chief Consul replied, that the differences between the two nations being adjusted, there should no longer remain any trace of them; that the liberal principles, with regard to navigation, considered in convention, ought to be the basis of a growing intimacy, and that, in the present circumstance, it was more than ever the interest of the two nations closely to adhere to them.
HAVEZ, OCT. 8. The Envoys of the American government, whose object is to perfect the work of reconciliation desired by all the friends of peace, are now in our city. All the civil and military authorities are eager to render their homage to the representatives of an allied nation, acknowledged since the year 1778, as the most sincere friends of the French nation. A guard of honor, of 50 men, has been sent to them: for which they have returned thanks according to custom—They would already have set sail if contrary winds had not retarded the departure of the American frigate Portsmouth . The calm will keep them here for 8 days.
Meeting of Parliament.
LONDON, OCT. 13. IT is expected Parliament will be immediately convened. Their attention will be called, to alleviate the distresses caused by the scarcity of provisions, To consider of new financial measures, To examine the late correspondence with the French Government, and applaud or condemn the Ministry.
OCTOBER 16.
Congress at Luneville.
The congress will be opened immediately. Carnot, who has resigned the situation of minister of war to Berthier, and Joseph Bonaparte, who conducted the negotiation with the American ministers, are to be the plenipotentiaries of the French Republic. It is supposed that the deputies of the empire will not be admitted to the congress till peace has been definitively settled between Austria and France. To such an arrangement, however, Prussia has objected, and has expressed a desire that the deputies of the empire shall assist at the congress immediately. M. de Dohm is said to have been appointed plenipotentiary to the congress on the part of Prussia. Amidst these pacific appearances, Austria has not relaxed in her preparations for war, and the emperor, upon his return to Vienna, published a proclamation, recommending redoubled zeal and ardour in every thing necessary for the defence of the country.
Peace with Portugal.
It is said, and we have no reason for disbelieving it, says a London paper, that peace has been concluded between France and Portugal, through the medium of the court of Madrid.
Various Articles.
PARIS, OCT. 7.
Louis Bonaparte has set off for Berlin. A large English fleet with transports has appeared off Cadix; and threaten a descent. The inhabitants are terrified; as the troops in garrison have been thinned and weakened by the epidemic, and the opposition could be but feeble. It is hoped, however, that the dread of the disease will deter the English from any attempt.
LONDON, OCT. 18.
The British troops, under Gen. Abercrombie and Pulney, were to sail from Gibraltar about the last of September: Reported, for Egypt.
The French Army at Amiens, which has been hinted to be destined for this country, is increased to 80,000 men. Great preparations are making in Holland and France for two expeditions; one against England, the other against Ireland. The Marquis Ducrest, lately sent out of England, has a principal command; and has had several conferences with the First Consul.
Four Ministers of a Polish Commission, which has sit at Paris, have proceeded to Russian Poland, where insurrections are expected.
It is said a good understanding is not yet re-established with Russia; that a British Consul was refused permission to land at Cronstadt; and that the Russian Charge d'Affairs is about to withdraw from London.
The difference between England and Algiers is adjusted. The British have agreed, that Algerine property shall be respected under every kind of flag, and even if bound to a blockaded port.
The English found two 64 gun ships in the harbour, when Malta was surrendered to them.
The King of Naples, has issued orders, which nearly amount to a declaration of war against Spain.
Mr. Linton, our Ambassador, to the United States, it is said, is on his return. Mr. Adams, the President, has, it is stated, for upwards of a twelvemonth, made complaints to Mr. Linton of British cruizes capturing American ships and property at the very mouths of their harbors.—Mr. Linton, we are informed, transmitted these remonstrances to this government, but he did not find that they were sufficiently attended to, and his situation at Philadelphia became irksome and very unpleasant. [Courier.]
Mail Intelligence.
BOSTON, DEC. 12.
OF LEGHORN, &c.
Yesterday arrived the schr. Iris, capt. Griffin, which failed from Naples Oct. 17, and from Gibraltar Nov. 2. We are informed by the Captain and Mr. Hill, supercargo, that on the day they left Naples, a vessel arrived from Leghorn; and the master reported, that he departed on the 14th of Oct. when that place was in great confusion from the approach of the French. At Gibraltar, Mr. Anderson, a respectable merchant, mentioned, that an English ship, dispatched for the purpose, had brought information that the French took possession of Leghorn on the 17th of Oct. ;
and two American armed ships, (the Ardent and Philadelphia ,) afterwards arrived from Leghorn, having precipitately left the harbour on account of the success of the French. It is supposed every other American vessel which was armed endeavoured to escape in the same way. There were some reports that a formal capitulation preceded the entry of the French into this important city.—A large fleet of transports, &c. was at Gibraltar with 20000 troops on board; 12,000 it was said were destined to Egypt, and 8000 to Lisbon. The English had made an attempt on Cadiz; but the dread of introducing the disease, (which still prevails in that city) among the British troops, it was said, induced the Commander to abandon the enterprise. Some apprehensions existed at Naples, that the French would attempt to pay them another visit, and preparations were made to convince them of their reluctance to entertain them.
SALEM, DEC. 11.
Latest from Algiers and Gibraltar.
On Tuesday arrived at this port the ship Brutus , capt. William Brown, in 32 days from Gibraltar, and 50 from Algiers. Captain B. informs—That the U. States frigate George Washington , capt. Bainbridge, failed for Constantinople the 19th of Oct. having on board the Algerine General of Marine and suite, with presents, &c. for the Grand Seigneur. The Dey of Algiers by force compelled capt. Bainbridge to perform this service, and threatened war to the United States, and slavery to the officers and crew of the George Washington in case of refusal. The Dey also insisted, that the ship Brutus , capt. B. should unload and go to the Isle of Rhodes, for a cargo of Turks—no pay or freight to be allowed—but the voyage to be considered as a favor granted by the United States. Through the influence of the American Consul, Mr. O'Brien, and the ship's being private property, and having a perishable cargo on board, she was excused from this service. Capt. B. embraced this favorable moment, leaving a further requisition, and quit Algiers, Oct. 25. Capt. B. brought dispatches to the Secretary of State, containing the particulars of this extraordinary affair. Mr. O'Brien the Consul, and capt. Bainbridge had remonstrated, but were obliged to comply, to prevent a more serious difficulty.—Two days out from Algiers, capt. B. was brought to by the British brig Camela ; the lieutenant of which informed, that he was bound for Egypt, with dispatches from Lord Keith; and that his Lordship, with the fleet and transports under his command, was destined for Egypt.—The next day capt. B. took advantage of the convoy of two frigates, which had under their protection 38 transports, most of them full of troops, bound for Lisbon; before they got through the Gut, a westerly wind sprung up, which obliged the whole fleet to put into the bay of Tateson, on the Barbary coast; found there seven sail of the line, and 45 transports with more troops. Next day was joined by Lord Keith, with four more sail of the line, and a number of frigates. The fleet all that day and night were busily employed in watering, not being able to procure a supply at Gibraltar, owing to the dry season. Next day failed with part of the fleet for Lisbon, leaving Lord Keith with the residue, and almost all the troops, at Tateson Bay; from whence it was conjectured he was to sail for Egypt. Capt. B. left the fleet that night.
While at Algiers, capt. Brown procured the following information:
Sketch of Algerine Spoliations for the last two years.
27 sail of Neapolitans, Sicilians and Maltese, having British passports from Lord Keith—vessels and cargoes condemned—crews, 215, condemned to slavery, claimed by the English and not given up.
17 sail of Greeks—vessels, cargoes and crews condemned—the Greeks employed as slaves, and after a service of 15 months, given up to the Grand Seigneur.
13 sail of Imperialis, valued at one million of dollars—vessels and cargoes condemned—crews given up to the Grand Seigneur.
At Tunis they have taken 11 Danish vessels, valued at six hundred thousand dollars.
At Tripoli they have captured 24 sail of Swedes.
A Danish frigate by mistake chased an Algerine ashore near Tunis, for which the Danish government will have to pay to the Dey eight thousand and to his Ministers twenty thousand dollars.
Three hundred and sixty eight Frenchmen were made slaves in July last, at Algiers, but were released at the conclusion of peace with France.
The Spanish Consul was 35 days in chains, on account of the French taking the brig Bathaw . Spain returned the brig and crew to Algiers, accompanied with presents to the amount of 60,000 dollars, which released the poor Consul.
The United States should immediately have six stout frigates in the Mediterranean, to keep rogues in awe. Should any accident happen to the George Washington , in her passage to or from Constantinople, the government of the United States will be obliged to reimburse the Dey all damages he may sustain thereby, or his most potent majesty will order his corsairs to capture American vessels.
Among the presents sent to the Grand Seigneur were one hundred black slaves, 50 of them females—lyons, tygers, leopards, ostriches, &c. valued at several millions of dollars. Captain Bainbridge was obliged to hoist the Standard of Algiers at his main top-gallant mast head, instead of the American Pennant.
The George Washington failed on the 19th of October upon her new voyage, and may return to this country possibly in July next. She has carried out to the Algerine government large supplies of stores, which were received on account of the annual stipulated payments from the United States. The English had offered a frigate to carry the presents, but the Dey did not like to trust them, for fear they would secure the treasure to themselves, as there has been a serious misunderstanding with them. Several Danish vessels were forcibly taken into possession, and ordered for the Isle of Rhodes upon a similar business with the Washington.
Notwithstanding the treatment Capt. Bainbridge received from the Dey, the American Consul and Flag, is more respected there than any of the European nations. The Algerines observed to Capt. Bainbridge that he ought to consider it a great mark of the Dey's favor to go upon his Majesty's special business to the Grand Seigneur—adding, that it was an honor he would confer on very few others. There are about 2300 European Slaves in Algiers—some of them from the first families in Europe. The place appears very strong, but 6 or 8 batteries could batter it to pieces.
Mr. O'Brien had written home to the American Government, requesting that another Consul might be sent out to succeed him.
The Plague still raged at Cadiz, was said to be at Malaga, and has spread into the interior.
Portland,
Monday, December 15, 1800.
FOURTEENTH of DECEMBER.
Yesterday, the anniversary of the death of WASHINGTON, whose memory will never die, while virtue and patriotism has a place in the human breast, was observed by Americans with that deep felt sorrow, which a knowledge of his irreparable loss always excite.—In this town, the memorable day was announced by the solemn peal of cannon from Fort Sumner, the United States corps of Artillerists and Engineers, under the command of Capt. Henry Moody, and Capt. Bown's company of Federal Volunteers, paraded, and marched with badges of mourning, drums muffled, and a dead march playing, to the several houses of public worship, where discourses were delivered, commemorative of the virtues and services of the illustrious hero, and correspondent with the feelings of the people on the occasion.
ELECTORS OF PRESIDENT &c.
By accounts received, it appears that New Hampshire, Vermont, Connecticut, Delaware, and New Jersey, have voted unanimously for Adams and Pinckney.
Reports prevail that Mr. Pinckney did not have so many votes in Rhode Island, as Mr. Adams.
In Pennsylvania, the House of Representatives have agreed to the Bill from the Senate. Each House nominates eight persons, out of which 15 will be chosen.
A Philadelphia Paper of the 5th Dec. mentions, "that the Federal Republican Electors of Pennsylvania, have elected Adams and Pinckney unanimously, and the Democratic Republicans, Jefferson and Purr, unanimously."
From South Carolina we continue to receive the most favorable accounts of a full vote there for Mr. Adams.
The President's House at Washington is a mile and a half from the capitol. The Senate proceeded in carriages to deliver their Answer to his Address.
Bishop Charlet, is chosen Chaplain by the Senate of the U. S. and the Rev. Mr. Lyle, a Methodist, by the House of Representatives.
The Vice President has arrived at the Seat of Government.
We understand, that the President of the United States has offered, through the Secretary of the Navy, to Capt. LITTLE, his officers and men, his congratulations, on their success, and his sincere wishes for their future glory.
Serious disturbances are said to exist in North Carolina, in consequence of the attempts of the Methodists in that State to affect the manumission of the blacks: The latter conceiving their active co-operation necessary.
It is said Mr. Linton, the British Minister will embark for London in the Andromache frigate, now in Hampton Roads; and that he is to be succeeded by Mr. Merry, lately at the Court of Sweden.
The American Consul at Cowes has given official notice, that American vessels with tobacco, intending to stop at any port in the British Channel, must make either Falmouth or Cowes their port, or they will be exposed to a seizure.

We are informed, that among many other valuable papers demolished by the fire at the Federal City, there was a French edition of the Encyclopedia, which cost 2000. sterling.
From a Charleston, (S. C.) paper, Nov. 25
A Sea Horse was caught this morning in Geyer's dock, by one of the custom house boatmen.—It is now alive, in the possession of capt. Thompson, the boarding officer; and is perhaps, as great a curiosity, as has ever been seen in this country
The Fourth Class of the Amoskeag Canal Lottery is now drawing in Bolton. The money raised by this Lottery, is to accomplish a noble and useful object, deserving the public encouragement—the opening, in connection with the Middlesex Canal, an inland navigation into the interior of New Hampshire, for transporting wood, timber, &c. into Boston—which it is expected, will be completed the next season. Tickets in the above class may be had at E. A. Jenks' Book Store.
WEDNESDAY, DEC. 10, 1800.
Ordained to the work of the Gospel Ministry, in the 2d Church and Parish in Scarborough, the Rev. NATHAN TILTON. The introductory prayer was by the Rev. Mr. Roland, of Exeter—the Sermon by the Rev. Mr. Bradford of Pownalborough, from 1. Corinthians, 1. 21.—The ordaining prayer by the Rev. Mr. Coffin of Buxton—the charge by Rev. Dr. Hemmenway of Wells—the Right hand of Fellowship, by the Rev. Dr. Deane, of Portland—and the concluding prayer by the Rev. Mr. Alden of Portsmouth. The whole was performed with the greatest order and solemnity, to the satisfaction of a crowded assembly, in the spacious and elegant new Meeting-house.
MARRIED —At Falmouth, by the Rev. Caleb Bradley, Mr. Daniel Trickey, to Miss Sally Johnson.
DIED —At New-York, Charles Adams, Esq. second son of the President of the United States. His remains were interred with Military Honors. At Boston, Rev. William Walcutt, D. D. Rector of Christ Church, in that town.
At Kittery, Mrs. Ruth Pierce, aged 55, consort of Dan Pierce, Esq. of Kittery. At Berwick, Mrs. Mary Hamilton, wife of Col. John Hamilton, merchant.
Marine Articles.
Arrived on Thursday last, Snow Fox. Capt. Joshua Waite, 23 days from Liverpool—No news later than before received.
The Ganger and Connecticut ships of war, we understand are to sail shortly for Batavia, and will take convoy for thence.
We are happy to remove the fears for the safety of the frigate Insurgent, capt. Fletcher. She has been ordered to the reported cruising ground off the Cap Verde Islands. We have not heard from the Pickering; but it is not probable the brig is on the bottom upwards was her, but the wreck of some other vessel.
NOTICE.
THE Stockholders in the MAINE FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, are hereby notified, that their annual meeting for the choice of nine Directors for the ensuing year, will be held at their Office in Fish-street, on Tuesday the 16th day of January next, at 3 o'clock, P. M. By order of the President and Directors, Joseph Swift, Secretary. Maine Fire and Marine Insurance Office, Dec. 13th, 1800.
FOR SALE,
THE STORE No. 7, in Fish street, now occupied by WILLIAM C. WEEKS; together with the whole STOCK OF GOODS therein. These Goods were imported from the manufacturers direct to this town, and are well charged, and suitable for the present season of the year.—For further particulars inquire of Weeks & Tucker. Portland, Dec. 13.
LOST,
A TRUNK of CHILDREN'S TOYS, delivered through mistake from one of the Packets. The person who has it in possession, is requested to give information to Elizabeth Berry, Who carries on the MUFF MAKING business as usual. Dec. 15.
Thomaston Lime,
OF THE FIRST QUALITY, Just Landed on Col. Waite's Wharf, for sale by SIMON LOVEITT, Fore Street, Portland, Cheap for Cash or Country Produce. Dec. 15.
A very elegant Sleigh, and Harness,
Calculated for one or two horses.—Inquire of the Printer. Dec. 5.
An excellent Farm,
CONTAINING about 117 acres, of Land; 80 of which are under improvement—with a convenient House, Store, &c. thereon; together with a good Grist-Mill.—It lies in the town of Bowdoin, county of Lincoln, within a few miles of Bowdoin College, and near the place where the Court sits in Topsham.—It will be sold on reasonable terms for cash, or approved credit, inquire of the subscriber at Topsham. HEZEKIAH WYMAN. Topsham, Dec. 1800.
Also, 200 acres of Land in Topsham. Inquire as above.
Fresh Fall & Winter Goods
Just received on consignment, and now ready for sale, At WILLIAM FENNELLY's Office, FORE STREET.
On Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday next,
At Public Auction,
THE FOLLOWING GOODS—viz.
FINE, mildewing, and low-priced Broadcloths, of all colours; do. Cassimeres, some of which are very fine, and suitable for Ladies' Habits; Coatings; Forest Cloths and Plains; a handsome assortment of India Cottons, some extremely fine for sheeting; six pieces fine Cotton Checks; Irish Linens; Muslins and Cambrics; White Thread; camel's hair, mullin, and cotton Shawls; silk, silk and cotton, and cotton Handkerchiefs; Hairs; Worsted and Cotton Hose; plated handle Knives and Forks; Table Cloths; Buckles; Buttons; Razors; Knives, &c. &c. Sale on each day at 10 o'clock, forenoon, and 3 in the afternoon.
ALSO—AT ONE O'CLOCK, Feather Beds, Watches, 150 reams Writing Paper, on 90 days credit, House Furniture, 5 barrels Nantucket and Clive Water; together with a variety of other articles, which must be sold without reserve.
ALSO, AT PRIVATE SALE.
A beautiful assortment of Hats—Ladies', Gentlemen's, and youths', with bands, buckles, &c.; Ladies' Bonnets, with bands—all of which are of the newest fashion and latest importation.
Sea Fowl, Live Geese, and other FEATHERS; good Ticking for Beds—and Beds put up at the shortest notice, warranted good.
Fifty barrels of excellent CIDER; Eight barrels LAMPBLACK.
English and India Goods as usual; which will be sold cheap for Cash.
Cash and the highest price given for all kinds of Shipping FURS.
Mr. FENNELLY returns his most sincere thanks for past favors, and solicits a continuance. Portland, Dec. 13.
N. B. A few Boarders may be accommodated—Please to apply as above.
THE subscribers, appointed Commissioners by the Hon. WILLIAM GORHAM, Esq. Judge of Probate, of Wils, &c. for the county of Cumberland, to receive and examine the claims of the several Creditors to the Estate of
Jonathan Partridge,
late of Falmouth, in said county, Yeoman, deceased, represented insolvent, do hereby give notice, that six months are allowed to said Creditors to bring in and prove their Claims; and that we shall attend that service at the house of Jonathan Partridge at a place called Sagarappa, in Falmouth aforesaid, on Tuesday the 23d. day of this, and the second Tuesday of the five following months, from one to five of the clock in the afternoon. ENOCH FREEMAN, ELIAS MERRILL, { Commissioners. Falmouth, Dec. 9, 1800.
THE subscriber, hereby give notice to all concerned, that having been duly appointed Administrator on the Estate of
Jonathan Partridge,
late of Falmouth, in said county, Yeoman, deceased, who having taken upon him that trust, and given bond as the law directs; he therefore requests all persons who are indebted to said deceased's Estate to make immediate payment. JONATHAN PATRIDGE. Falmouth, Dec. 9, 1800.
WHEREAS DINAH, wife of me the Subscriber, has closed my bed and board, I hereby warn all persons trusting her on my account, as I will not pay one farthing that she should contract after this date. WILLIAM JOHNSON. Wiscasset, Nov. 16, 1800.
THE unresided proprietors and owners of the following Lots of Land in the town of Belfast and county of Hancock, are hereby notified that the same are taxed in the bills committed to me the subscriber for the Direct Tax to collect for the year 1800, in the respective sums following, viz.
   FIRST DIVISION. THIRD DIVISION.   No. of Lots. Dols. Cents. No. of Lots. Dols. Cents.     1 1 14 78 49   21 1 14 51 48   22 1 14 95 48   SECOND DIVISION. 101 49   14 34 94 49   17 34 95 49   18 34 90 49   34 34 15 48   35 34 32 49   37 34 55 48   40 34 13 48   42 34 18 48   49 34 69 48   50 34 64 48   3 34 63 48   THIRD DIVISION. 50 48   34 48 23 48   67 48 60 48   20 48 26 48   24 48 59 48   89 48 33 48   93 48 102 48   54 48 53 48   56 48 19 48  
If no person shall appear to discharge the Tax aforesaid, and all interesting charges on or before Monday the twenty-fourth day of January next at ten of the clock in the forenoon, so much of said Land as will discharge the same will then be sold at Public Auction, at the dwelling house of John Ross in Belfast aforesaid, according to law.
JOHN RUSS, Collector of the Revenue, Eighth District. Belfast, Nov. 12, 1800.
MAINE, ss.—By virtue of a writ of veni-um exequi me directed from the District Court for this District—will be sold on Tuesday, the twenty-third day of December next, by Public Vendue,
THE BRIG RANGER, burthen about 102 tons; with her tackle, apparel, furniture and appurtenances. The sale to be at 12 o'clock (noon) on board said brig at Union Wharf, in fair weather; if not, at the subscriber's Office, over the Marine and Fire Insurance Office.—Conditions of sale will then and there be made known. Isaac Parker, Marshal. Portland, 6th Dec 1800.
REMOVAL.
William Codman,
INFORMS his friends and customers that he has removed from his Store in Fish-street to the westerly end of the New Brick Store in Middle-street, opposite Mr. Ebenezer Storer's, and the head of Union-street—Where he has for sale a general assortment of
European, India, & W. India GOODS.
In addition to his former assortment, he has just received a fresh supply of New Goods; making in the whole, perhaps as great a variety as can be found in any one store in the town.—All which, will be sold on the lowest terms for cash, Wholesale and Retail.
N. B. For sale as above, a quantity of large Rock SALT, and high proof BRANDY. Portland, Dec. 8, 1800.
Variety Store.
NATHAN PRATT, has for sale at Store No. 10, Fish-street, opposite the Insurance Office, a general assortment of Men's, Women's, Misses and Children's SHOES, wholesale and retail.
Men's whole and half English KID Slippers, Boots, Men's No. 1 Calf skin Morocco green, yellow, red, black, blue and purple Slippers, with and without heels, Common and thick do. Boys' fine & coarse do. Women's and Misses' Cloth Shoes—Elaine, Stouart & Everardine, Leather Slippers, with traps and heels, Cordovan and Sheep-skin whole and half BOOT LEGS—do. do. Russell tops—Boat Bindings—Sole Leather, &c. &c.
ALSO, AN EXCELLENT ASSORTMENT OF English & Hardware Goods, GROCERIES, &c. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate, Sugar, Raisins, Pepper, Allspice, Ginger, Alum, Copperas, Redwood, Candler, Poland Starch, Indigo, Cotton and Wool Cards, Pigtail and Smoking Tobacco, Scars, &c. &c. The above articles will be sold as cheap as can be bought in Portland, for Cash or Country produce. Portland, Dec. 8.
NOTICE.
THE partnership of HANNAFORD & ADAMS being by mutual consent dissolved this day, all those who have demands against, or are indebted to the firm, are requested to call on Zachariah Hannaford for settlement.
ZACHARIAH HANNAFORD, AARON ADAMS.
Said HANNAFORD, informs his friends and the public, that he carries on the business as usual, and has for sale English, West-India Goods & Groceries, as cheap as can be purchased in Portland. Likewise, a quantity of St. Ubes and Liverpool SALT. Portland, Dec. 1, 1800.
Treasury Department,
Washington September 1st, 1800.
Public Notice is hereby Given,
In pursuance of an act of Congress, passed on the 23d day of April one thousand eight hundred, entitled, "An act to lay a General Stamp Office,"
THAT a General Stamp Office is now established at the seat of government, in the city of Washington, from whence there will issue, from and after the date hereof, (upon the application of the Supervisors of the Revenue, under whose management the collection of the stamp duties is placed) any quantities of paper, parchment and vellum, marked or stamped, and duly counter-stamped, with the following rates of duty which are demandable by law:
For every skin or piece of vellum or parchment, or sheet or piece of paper, upon which shall be written or printed any of the instruments or writings following, viz.
   ANY certificate of naturalization Dols. C.M. 5   Any licence to practice, or certificate of the admission, enrolment or registry of any counsellor, solicitor, advocate, attorney, or proctor, in any court of the United States 10   Provided, that a certificate in any one of the courts of the United States, for any one of the said officers, shall so far as relates to the payment of the duty aforesaid, be a sufficient admission in all the courts of the United States, for each and every of the said officers.   Any grant or letters patent, under the seal or authority of the United States (except for lands granted for military services) 4   Any exemplification or certified copy of any such grant or letters patent (except for lands granted for military services) 2   Any charter party, bottomry or respondencia bond 1   Any receipt of discharge for or on account of any legacy left by any will, or other testamentary instrument, or for any share or part of a personal estate, divided by force of any statute of distributions other than to the wife, children or grand children of the person deceased, the amount whereof shall be above the value of fifty dollars, and shall not exceed the value of one hundred dollars 25  
   When the amount thereof shall exceed the value of one hundred dollars, and shall not exceed five hundred dollars 50   And for every further sum of five hundred dollars, the additional sum of 1   Any policy of insurance or instrument in nature hereof, when the sum for which insurance is made shall not exceed five hundred dollars 25   When the sum insured shall exceed five hundred dollars 1   Any exemplification of what nature soever, that shall pass the seal of any court other than such as it may be the duty of the clerk of such court to furnish for the use of the United States, or some particular state 50   Any bond bill single or penal, inland bill of exchange, promissory note or other note (other than any recognizance, bill, bond or other obligation or contract, made to or with the United States, or any state, or for their use respectively; and any bond required in any case by the laws of the United States or of any state, upon legal process or in any judicial proceeding, or for the faithful performance of any trust or duty) If above twenty dollars and not exceeding one hundred dollars 10   If above one hundred and not exceeding five hundred dollars 25   If above five hundred and not exceeding one thousand dollars 50   And if above one thousand dollars 75   Provided, that if any bonds or notes shall be payable at or within sixty days, such bonds or notes shall be subject to only two fifth parts of the duty aforesaid, viz.   If above twenty and not exceeding one hundred dollars 4   If above one hundred dollars and not exceeding five hundred dollars 10   If above five hundred dollars and not exceeding one thousand dollars 20   If above one thousand dollars 30   Any foreign bill of exchange, draft or order for the payment of money in any foreign country 20   The said duty being chargeable upon each and every bill of exchange, without respect to the number contained in each set.   Any note or bill of lading or writing or receipt in nature thereof, for goods or merchandise to be exported; If from one district to another district of the United States, not being in the same state 4   If from the United States to any foreign port or place 10   The said duty being chargeable upon each and every bill of lading without respect to the number contained to each set.   Any notes issued by the bank now established or that may be hereafter established within the United States, other than the notes of such of the said banks as shall agree to an annual contribution of one per centum on the annual dividends made by such banks, to their stockholders respectively, according to the following scale:   On all notes not exceeding fifty dollars, for each dollar 6   On all notes above fifty dollars and not exceeding one hundred dollars 50   On all notes above one hundred dollars and not exceeding five hundred dollars 1   On all notes above five hundred dollars 2   Any post or other notarial act 25   Any letter of attorney, except for an invalid pension, or to obtain or sell warrants for land granted by the United States as a bounty for military services performed in the late war 25   Any inventory or catalogue of any furniture, good or effects, made in any case required by law (except in cases of goods and chattels distrained for rent or taxes, and goods taken in virtue of any legal process by any officer 30   Any certificates of a share in any insurance company of a share in the bank of the United States, or of any state or other bank;   If above twenty dollars and not exceeding one hundred dollars 10   If above one hundred dollars 25   If under twenty dollars, at the rate of ten cents for one hundred dollars. 11   That the power of the supervisors of the Revenue to mark or stamp any vellum, parchment or paper chargeable with duty, will cease and determine from and after six months from the date hereof, to wit, on the last day of February 1801. 11   That if any persons shall, after the last day of February 1801, have in their custody or possession, any vellum, parchment or paper, marked or stamped by the supervisors of the revenue, upon which any matter or thing, charged with duty, shall not have been written or printed, they may at any time within the space of sixty days after the said last day of February 1801 bring or send such vellum, parchment and papers, un-lose some office of inspection, and in lieu thereof, receive a like quantity or value of vellum, parchment and paper, duly stamped in pursuance of the act herein before recited. And in case any person shall neglect or refuse, within the time aforesaid, to bring or cause to be brought into some officer of inspection, any such vellum, parchment or paper, it is hereby declared, that the same will thereafter be of no other effect or use, than if it had never been marked or stamped, and that all matters and things, which may after that time be written or printed upon any vellum, parchment or paper, authorized to be exchanged in market aforesaid, will be of no other effect, than if they had been written or printed on paper, parchment or vellum, not marked or stamped. 11   And for the convenience of those persons who may be inclined to have their own vellum, parchment and paper stamped or marked, it is hereby declared that when any person shall deposit any vellum, parchment or paper at the office of a supervisor, accompanied with a list, specifying the number and denomination of the stamps or marks, which are desired to be thereto affixed, the same will be transmitted to the General Stamp Office, and there properly marked or stamped, and forthwith sent back to the same person, who will thereupon collect the duties and deliver the paper, parchment or vellum, to the order of the person from whom the same was received.   Given under my Hand, and the Seal of the Treasury, at Washington, the day and year above mentioned.   OLIVE WOLCOTT, Secretary of the Treasury.   Nov. 3.   Cash and the highest price given for FLAXSEED, By Yeats Crafs, At his Store in Fore Street. Dec. 1.  

SELECTIONS.
[The following, if the serious reader will pardon the profane exclamation of the libertine, is one of the most exquisite repartees which can be found in any language]
A buck chanc'd to meet a young beautiful Maid, Her cheek like the rose in full blossom array'd, And said, with significant nod, (While drawing her veil with great boldness aside) 'By G-d, ma'am you're painted!' 'Tis true she re- plied, I am indeed painted—by God.
The following passage from a sportive epistle of Robert Burns to his friend Nicol. is not unworthy the gayest manner of Sterne. It must be remembered too that it was written without the remotest idea of its ever reaching the Press.
O thou, wisest among the wise, meridian blaze of prudence, full moon of discretion, and chief of many counsellors. How infinite is thy puddle headed, rattle headed, wrong headed, round headed slave, indebted to thy supereminent goodness, that from the luminous path of thy own light lined rectitude, thou looked benignly down on an erring wretch, of whom the zig zag wanderings defy all the powers of calculation from the simple coupling of units, up to the hidden mysseries of a fluxion.
LITERATURE.
THE ARTS AND SCIENCES.
MR. BROWNE'S travels in Africa, Syria and Egypt, have appeared in London and excited much public attention. He begins by apologizing, unnecessarily for any defect in his composition, which is always accurate, never confused, and often spirited and elegant. After pointing out the information that can be found at Cairo, and explaining the object of his journey from thence, he mentions some important papers which were lost at Alexandria, perhaps when the French seized that city; and he gives an account of the now interrupted intercourse between Egypt and Abyssinia. That Bruce had been at Gondar, had been favoured by the King, and intrusted with the Government of the province of Ras el-Fil, Mr. Brown found to be true; but all his informants agreed that Bruce never had visited the Abyssinian source of the Nile.
The preface is closed with some observations on the causes of error in African geography, and an apology for some innovations in orthography, calculated to produce more of the real Oriental form and sound, as Kahira for Cairo, &c.
Mr. Browne arrived in Egypt on the 10th of January, 1792. About a month afterwards he proceeded to Siwa, in the desert, in order to discover the famous Temple of Jupiter Ammon. He returned to Alexandria, and thence repaired to Rashid, or Rosetta, and to the Natron Lakes. The Capital of Egypt and the singular government of that country, were the next objects of his attention, and are described with great care and ability; his skill in the Arabic, and access to the Beys, having furnished him with many new facts and observations.
Intending to penetrate into Abyssinia, he began his voyage up the Nile, in October, 1792, and his description of Upper Egypt, unvisited by Volney and Savary, forms a very interesting feature of his book. At Assuan, or Syene, he found that a war had broken out between the Beys of Upper Egypt and the Cache of Ibrim; and, all further progress being precluded by that unforeseen event, he was constrained to return.
From Ghenne he visited Coffir, a port on the Red Sea. Some recent occurrences at Kahira occupy the next chapter; which is followed by a curious dissertation on the persons and complexion of the ancient Egyptians, demonstrating that they were not negroes, as Volney conjectured, with no less absurdity than when he attempted to prove that Jesus Christ never existed!
A journey to Ferume is accompanied with an inspection of the lake Mæris, a discussion
concerning the Oasis parva, and an account of the pyramids, in which some recent errors concerning those vast edifices are obviated.
In short, no striking peculiarity in Egypt has escaped Mr. Browne's attention; and even on objects often described, he ever throws the superior light of a more eager inquiry after truth, and a more strict regard to accuracy.
In a short chapter he narrates his journey to Sinai, and his return to Kahira. The ancient canal of Suez, between the Nile and the Red Sea, is examined and discussed.
At length, in May 1793, he commenced his progress into the interior of Africa, joining the Soudan caravan, he travelled through El-wah, or the Oasis Magna [a region in itself almost unknown to European travellers.] and through vast deserts, where many of the camels perished for want of water, till his expedition terminated in the kingdom of Dar-Fur, unvisited before by any European whatever. Six long and interesting chapters present an ample detail concerning this curious and important region; where Mr. Brown was obliged, by the capricious sultan, to remain nearly three years, tho' he ardently wished to extend his discoveries to the south or west. In March 1796, he was graciously permitted to return to Egypt.*
The account of Da-Fur is followed by a chapter of medical observations, on diseases prevalent in Africa and the east, which are replete with new and original intelligence.
In December 1795, Mr. Brown proceeded from Kahira to Damiat; and he gives a vivid and entertaining account of this part of Egypt. From Damiat he sailed to Yaffe or Joppa; and afterwards visited the most remarkable places of Palestine and Syria; which having been often described, he is contented to offer a few remarks or details of recent transactions.
After residing some months in Syria, our traveller by a new route, pierced through the center of Anatolia, by Kaisaria, and Angora, to Constantinople, he directed his course to England, and arrived in London on the 16th of Sept. 1798, after an absence of nearly seven years.
Such is the outline of this journey which vies with any land tour described either in ancient or modern times. The learning, the ability, and the singular opportunities of the Author, have severally contributed so much to enrich his pages, with new discoveries, or new observations, that his work will ever bear a high rank among books of travels. Long and perilous journeys have often been performed by men incapable of scientific observation; but in this case profound learning and undaunted enterprise combine to produce a work, perhaps unique in its kind.
* It is a remarkable coincidence that, at this very period, Mr. Park was in the West of Africa. He left England, May 22, 1795; set out from Pisania, Dec. 1795; and was detained at Benowm, from March to July, 1796. He returned, Sept. 1796, to Kamalia; where he remained till April, 1797; and he arrived at the Gambia in June, 1797; eighteen months having passed from the commencement of his inland tour of discovery.
Dr. G. Gregory, a very useful and amiable living writer has lately revised the well known translation of Telemachus by Hawksworth, and published a splendid edition of that charming and instructive Epic. It is decorated with beautiful engravings from designs by Stothard, and is accompanied by a well written life of Fenelon. Hawksworth's is the most perfect translation we have from the French language. The monthly reviewers averred on the first appearance of Hawksworth's version that the spirit, and genius of the author had never been so effectually represented, and Dr. Gregory assures us, "that few translations, or even original productions in our language, can compare with it in brilliancy, elegance, or harmony of style. The commendation of the original is likewise high, and from the general impression left on the mind by careless perusal when a school boy it is believed, that Dr. G. is not too partial when he says, "in the whole scope of modern literature, there is not a work, which comprehends so extensive a range of useful knowledge, conveyed in so agreeable and fascinating a style. The whole mythology, geography, and science of the ancients are comprised in this work. The most useful lessons in politics and morals
are inculcated; the finest feelings of the head are exercised and improved. The narrative is more interesting and pathetic than those of Homer and Virgil; and, in the perusal of it, the mind, so far from being contaminated, is enlightened and refined.
A French abbe among a very large party, had a violent dispute with a Gentleman, who sitting at the bottom of the table, the distance between them rendered the accomplishment of any personal insult impracticable. "Sir," said the Gentleman, "if I were near you, I should give you a box on the ear, so you may consider the blow as given." "And, Sir, replied the abbe, were I near you, I should draw my sword, and run you through the body, so you may consider yourself as dead."
ILLUMINATI.
AYR CIRCUIT COURT—September 15.
[CONCLUDED FROM THE LAST GAZETTE.]
Evidence in Exculpation.
JOHN M'CLURE, jun. in Kirkland Hill, said he was a member of the Royal Arch Lodge, Maybole; was admitted a Knight Templar along with Quintin Stewart, and took the oath, which was "to conceal the secrets of the Knights Templars, treason and murder only excepted." John Andrew administered the oath. There was no political conversation in the meetings of the Knights Templars. William Hamilton was under lodge scandal of having a child in adultery, and left the lodge after that. Gave an account of the ceremonies of admission; does not remember of a pistol being fired that night; and nothing was said about putting him to death; saw a bush and a candle burning in it; was desired to look, and see the candle burning and the bush not consumed; some piece of scripture was read, viz. the third chapter of Exodus; was led round the room, and after that the obligation was taken.
Question by the Court. Was any thing done after he was led round the room? Answer. A human skull was discovered, and all Knights Templars were to drink out of it. He put it to his lips. He was dubbed in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost.
John M'Clure, Schoolmaster, at Craigencroy said he is a Knight Templar; was made in Maybole, along with seven more; was present at Quintin Stewart's admission. The witness took an oath; remembers little of the obligation in it. Murder and treason were excepted in it, the same as in the Master Mason's oath, that is to conceal the Master Mason's secrets, murder and treason excepted, and that he supposed himself at liberty to reveal murder and treason. He did not think the ceremonies had a tendency to ridicule religion, as the observations were such as a good Christian might make; and he heard nothing hostile to religion or government.
Many other Witnesses corroborated these facts. Mr. Oswald rose and addressed the Jury on the part of the prosecution; after making some judicious remarks on the nature of sedition, he next adverted to the proceedings and ceremonies which had taken place as proved by the evidence which had been adduced; these he considered had a tendency to ridicule religion, and as the Jury had the facts before them, they could therefore well form their conclusions on their import, and as religion is protected by the law, and is a part of the common law, the store ridiculing of it is an offence, for which a verdict must be returned against the pannels, if the Jury are satisfied that they have been guilty of it.—These and many other observations, Mr. Oswald stated with great force of reasoning.
Mr. Clerk, Counsel for the Pannels, rose in reply. He said, he considered this case as a very extraordinary one, as near five years had elapsed since the facts charged were said to have been carried on, and the prosecution had originated in a dispute which took place between two Mason Lodges in Maybole.
Lord Justice Clerk summed up the whole evidence with great perspicuity and candor.—His Lordship observed, that he could have wished that this prosecution had been brought sooner, but this could not be imputed to the prosecutor, for it did not appear that he had delayed bringing his action after he got the information. Tho' this species of crime may not have occurred in our law before, still the law may be applied to remedy it when it does occur.—The special law enacted in regard to it does not infringe on the law as it stood before. The oath is not innocent, even as limited by the witnesses for the Pannels, and tho' there is no proof that the Pannels had entered into a design of leading the persons they admitted into their society to sedition practices, yet the oath may be employed for that purpose. His Lordship said, he could not believe that any such ceremonies were employed in other Mason Lodges, because they are so abominable and impious; it rather appeared that this was a new oath introduced by the Pannels, and not in use before in admitting Masons.
VERDICT OF THE JURY.
All in one voice find the facts libelled—Not Proven. The Pannels were therefore assolized and dismissed from the bar.
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