The Kentucke gazette (Lexington [Ky.]), 1788-07-12 00:00:00

K E N T U C K E G A Z E T T E.
S A T U R D A Y, JULY 12, 1788.
LEXINGTON: Printed by JOHN BRADFORD at his Office in Main Street where Subscriptions, Advertisements, &c. for this paper, are thankfully received, and PRINTING in its different branches done with Care and Expedition.
JUST OPENING
BY
THOMAS JANUARY,
At his Store in LEXINGTON, the corner of Main and Cross Streets, and directly opposite the Court-house.
A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF
GOODS.
Among which are,
 SECOND, third and coarse cloths.  Coating and corduroy.  Shalloons, callimancoes, moreens & poplin.  Irish linen.  Beaver and wool hats.  Knives and forks.  Needles and pins.  Copper sauce-pans.  Wool and cotton cards.  Pen and cuttaw knives.  Pewter.  Fine and coarse-tooth combs.  Safety-watches.  24. red, 12. & 20. nails.  Axms, coppers and omnibus.  Tea, coffee, pepper and loaf sugar.  Wine, Jamaica spirits.  Assorted china and queens ware, with a variety of other articles too tedious to enumerate, which he proposes to sell for cash. 
FOR SALE
About one thousand acres of land within six miles of Lexington; and seven hundred and fifty near Bourbon court house, the titles are indisputable and, the quality equal to any in the District. Enquire of the printer.
FOR SALE
A tract of land containing 1400 acres on the waters of the north fork of Lick river, lying on the road from Lexington to the lower blue licks; being Mays field, men and preemption and includes Mays lick, good bonds on persons in this district or on persons in the Eastern part of Virginia will be received in payment, and it will warrant the title. bjo HARRY INNES
The Partnership of John and Fielding Bradford, is this day dissolved by mutual consent; therefore all persons indebted to them, are requested to make immediate payment, that they may be enabled to close their accounts. They flatter themselves that nothing more than this information is necessary, to induce every person in arrears, to comply with their request. J. & F. BRADFORD.
Lexington, June 3 1788. N.B. The Printing business will be continued by the public's most obliged, and very hum. servant, JOHN BRADFORD. Lexington, June 3 1788.
FIVE POUNDS
REWARD.
RAN away from the publick-ber at Lexington, the 15th of June, two negro men named Jim and Lewis, they are nearly of one size, about five feet six or eight inches high, stout, well made healthy looking fellows, and very black complexions, between twenty and thirty years old: they were bred to the carpenters business, at which one is a very good and handy fellow; the other a good sawyer, and awkward at any other part of the business. they have their last winters suit of cloaths that are much worn, and some old cloth that have been worn by myself of a brown and black colour: As they were lately moved from Cumberland county in Virginia, they may endeavour to pass through the wilderness to the place of their nativity. I will give the above reward for both, or a proportion for either.
456 B. WILSON.
I do hereby forewarn all persons from taking an assignment of two bonds I gave Squire Boone, the one for one hundred and thirty pounds, the other for one hundred pounds, both payable in property: As I have discharged both bonds, I take this method to prevent any imposition, as I am determined to pay them again. 47. RALPH VANCLEAVE.
LEXINGTON.
Extract of a letter from the Hon. Judge Symme of New-Jersey to his friend in Kentucky,
I have succeeded in my application to Congress for a grant of land, on the federal side of the Ohio, but instead of taking it, on the Wabash as I proposed when with you, I have taken all the lands between the Miami rivers for about eighty miles up in the country, I pay therefor two thirds of a dollar per acre in certificates, and will sell as I give, save the addition of one penny per acre for surveying, and one farthing per acre for other fees locating &c. this makes the land come very low, I take it for granted that I must have your good wishes, as a settlement once effected, on the Miami, must ever after render your country secure from Indians. I therefore expect not only your prayers and good wishes, but that you will actually set on foot a subscription in favour of the new settlement, I mean, Sir, that you should if you please, collect the names of such as are willing to become purchasers or settlers; All Military men of the late Continental Army may have their bounty lands with me, and I shall have some lands to give away to the poor and adventurous as I expect, for every purchaser who does not settle in the country in two years, forfeits a sixth part of his lands, to be bestowed on such as will settle, in moderate allowances.
All persons who are willing to become purchasers or settlers upon the above terms, will please to transmit their names and quantity of acres with their place of abode, to Thomas Marshall, who will give Judge Symme a list of the same.
HUGH M C VAIN
Is now opening at his Store in Lexington; one door above Messrs Alexander and James Parkers,
AN ASSORTMENT OF
GOODS
Among which are,
 Broad cloth, coating and half thick.  Role and striped blankets.  Feather velvet and calimiers.  Fustians, jeanets and coreuroys.  Martilles quaking.  Irish and table linen.  Perfians, mode and sewing silk.  Twist and fine thread.  Lawn linen cotton and shawl handkerchief.  Long lawn, china and calicos.  Stockings, mens and womens gloves.  Broad and narrow bindings.  Black and flowered ribbons.  Wool hats and sewing needles.  Tape and garters.  Brats and iron wire.  Sleeve buttons, coat and jacket ditto.  Pen knives and knives and forks.  Files, rasps, darning and knitting needle.  Hinge, plane irons and centre bits.  Horse beams, plated and steel spurs.  Weeding hoes, country made sickles.  Shoe and knee buckles.  Tumblers, decanters and vinegar cruets.  Pewter basins and plates, Tea pots.  Writing paper and blank books.  Testaments, spelling books and primers.  Watts's psalms and other books of divinity.  Peruvian bark, camphire, brush oil, Antimony.  Tea, coffee, chocolate and loaf sugar, together with a number of other articles too tedious to enumerate. 
M r Printer,
SOME time before the very important dispute between Messrs. Humphrey Marshall, and Jordan Harris took place, which so long and agreeably entertained you, a good named reader: I observed in one of your numbers a piece signed a Farmer, proposing sundry questions to the consideration of our politicians. However small my pretensions to that character, yet as no one of your correspondents has published his reflections on these questions, I would at this time beg leave through the medium of your paper to suggest a few thoughts by way of answer to the first seven of them, reserving the remainder for a future number. But before I proceed, I would observe, that the right of suffrage, the mode of election, and representation, and how far the legislative, Executive and Military powers may be with safety blended, are in my humble opinion, questions deserving the attention of our Kentucky politicians; especially those who are members of the present Convention.
The Farmers first question is "Ought not the Constitution to have a clause declaring it self superior to any law, or act of Assembly that can be made contrary to it?" To this I answer in the affirmative else whence the use of a Constitution which is or ought to be, not only superior to but the basis of both law and Government. The Constitution of a State is not only the guide of its Legislature but the sacred immutable compact between the people and those whom, for their greater security and happiness they appoint to legislate and govern. It is the touchstone of Law, an barrier against innovation and tyranny: nor can law be binding that is repugnant to it.
Question 2d. Ought it to have a clause decl:

ing (securing I presume is here intended) Religious freedom, and forbidding the Legislature to meddle in religious matters”.
Answer. By all means it ought to have such a clause, and I will hazard an assertion, that it ought to be a leading clause in every constitution.
The exercises of religion are sacred transactions between God and his creatures to whom in those transactions they are alone accountable. Besides religious opinions, being an involuntary act of the mind, governed solely by persuasion and conviction, every attempt from the secular arm to control it is equally vain, cruel and impious. It is the prerogative of Heaven; and is not to be invaded.
Question 3rd. “Ought it to have a clause respecting slavery, and what ought that clause to be.” If African slavery is here intended, I confess this is a very interesting question, and deserves a more serious and minute enquiry, than I have either leisure or abilities to give it. Humanity in the strongest language argues that a clause ought to be inserted in our future Constitution, in favor of those unfortunate sufferers; but what that clause should be; how far it ought to extend; the reimbursements due those who hold them as property; and especially the disposal of them in a way that will give safety to the community, and a better fate to those miserable wretches, are questions which require the most mature and enlightened investigation; and I fear are involved in difficulties too complicated for our ablest politicians. I however most devoutly wish to see a subject, in which humanity and the rights of mankind are so deeply interested, fully and impartially discussed. The undertaking would be truly laudable and perhaps the future safety and happiness of those States may not be much less concerned in its success, I would only add a consideration, which with your serious readers must have weight, and for which I hope none of your readers are too polite to relish, that the practice of thus enslaving those poor creatures is a moral evil; the smallest of which ought not to be dispensed with for the attainment of the greatest natural good.
Question 4th. “Ought Preachers to have a seat in the Legislature? and ought they to bear arms?”
To both parts of this Question I answer in the negative. The necessary pastoral exercises of a faithful Gospel minister is fully sufficient to employ his whole time and attention. Hence he is commanded to be instant in season and out of season, and to give himself wholly to the work. The faithful preacher will neither have leisure nor inclination to concern in politicks, and he who is of an opposite character is not to be trusted.
Question 5th 6th and 7th. Ought clerks of courts, Surveyors, or practising Attorneys, all of whose fees are established (rather say Regulated) by law, to be allowed seats in the Legislature?
To each of these I also answer in the negative. The law very justly disqualifies a person from being a witness in a cause, in the event of which he is any ways interested, and from serving as a Juror on account of consanguinity to either of the parties. How very incautious then, is that conduct which gives to any person a privilege of putting his hands into our pockets, and to take them out on his own terms. It deserves a remark that however honest our intentions, we commonly rate our own services much higher than those performed by our neighbours; and however mistaken the policy, we too frequently prefer private interest to public good. In a word interest and power are very intoxicating, and what makes them the more dangerous, their progress is frequently so minute and subtil, that even the most discerning best discover it by a comparison of our present with our former condition; and, what still adds to the danger and is not less a reproach to human nature, we too frequently conduct in those cases where our liberties are concerned, like the dejected bankrupt, who neglects his accounts, rather than make the painful discovery.
Upon the whole, the rights and property of a people cannot be too well guarded; and whilst self interest is a governing principle of mankind; nothing can be more absurd, than to delegate men to the important offices of legislation or government, whose interest in an degree encounter to that of their constituents. Hence say a late author, not less celebrated for his abilities, than public virtue, “The most express declarations are necessary to protect the just rights of mankind, against the silent, powerful and ever active conspiracy of those who govern.”
I therefore most devoutly hope, should our honest Farmer have a seat in the Kentucky convention, that he, with every other member will most heartily concur in establishing it as an irrevocable article in our future Constitution; That no Clerk of a Court, Surveyor, or their deputy; no practising Attorney, or any other person holding an Office, the fees
of which are either directly or indirectly regulated by Law, shall be eligible to a seat in the Legislature, CORNLANDER.
The way to make money plenty in every man's pocket. At this time, when the general complaint is, that “money is scarce,” it will be an act of kindness to inform the moneyless, how they may reinforce their pockets. I will acquaint them with the true secret of money-catching--the certain way to fill empty purses--and how to keep them always full. Two simple rules, well observed, will do the business.
1. Let honesty and industry be thy constant companions: and, 2. Spend one penny less than thy clear gains. Then shalt thou hide-bound pockets soon begin to thrive, and will never again cry with the empty belly-ache: neither will creditors insult thee nor wants oppress, nor hunger bite, nor nakedness freeze thee--The whole hemisphere will shine brighter, and pleasure spring up in every corner of thy heart. Now, therefore embrace these rules and be happy. Banish the bleak winds of sorrow from the mind, and live independent; then shalt thou be a man, and not hide thy face at the approach of the rich, nor suffer the pain of feeling little when the sons of fortune walk at thy right hand; for independency, whether with little or much, is good fortune, and placeth thee on even ground with the proudest of the golden fleece. Oh, then, be wise! and let industry walk with thee in the morning, and attend thee until thou reachest the evening hour for rest. Let honesty be as the breath of thy soul, and never forget to have a penny when all thy expences are enumerated and paid, then shalt thou reach the point of happiness, and independence shall be thy shield and buckler--thy helmet and crown; then shalt thou walk upright, nor stoop to the silken wretch because he hath riches, nor pocket an abuse because the hand which offers it, wears a ring set with diamonds.
Two blanks to a prize.
IN the lottery of life, lest dame fortune beguile, This great truth we should ever remember, That altho' the bright goddess may smite & smile, She has always two blanks to a prize.
If a husband you take, miss for you sit a wife, From this maxim divert not your eyes, For of one and the other I'll venture my life, There are more than two blanks to a prize.
If in law you're ontangled, why then silly man As a friend, give me leave to advise Slip your neck from the collar, as fast as you can, There are fifty-- two blanks to a prize.
And if for preferment you're striving at court, O by merit expect you shall rise, Then your chance is not worth, sir, three fourths of a goat: There are ninety-- two blanks to a prize.
On the fatal consequences of luxury.
THERE is no greater calamity can befall any people, than when luxury is introduced among them, especially where it becomes general and is carried to so great a height, that every individual is under some necessity of living beyond his fortune, or incurring the censure of being avaricious. A man once engaged in this extravagant course of living, is seldom able to extricate himself in time, but is hurried on to the brink of ruin, reduces a helpless family to want and misery, and must at length sink under a weight of misfortunes; or, through necessity, be driven to what may sacrifice his honour, country, conscience and every other consideration, to a present relief, which may -- which must -- at last end in his destruction. However amiable virtue and integrity may appear in our eyes human nature will find it difficult to withstand the threatening misery of immediate want. A prison starving a man in the face, continual duns at his door or a want of his accustomed pleasures, will drive him to extremities, which nothing but necessity could occasion. He is no longer master of himself; but, like a drowning man, catches at every thing, even his dearest friend, though he should perish with him. To what melancholy extremities will not this unhappy situation lead a man! to poverty, to shame, villainy, dependency, and disgrace; and, at length, to sell one's country, to support an idle extravagance. Let a man's income be what it may, if he lives beyond it, this will be the case sooner or later: and if ever a superior power should fall into such necessitous hands, the very thing which should make the people happy, the abundance of the public treasure, may, if as fully managed, prove the means of their destruction.
Mr. Bradford,
I HAVE seen a piece in your paper, wherein a Problem was propounded by some one, that seemed desirous of a solution; and a Theorem given, that would answer all such cases.
If no solution hath yet appeared, and you think this worthy of insertion, you will be pleased to exhibit it to the view of the Author of said piece.
The Problem is this, -- “A Settlement of 400 acres of Land whose length is three times the breadth, it is required to lay off a preemption of 1000 acres around the same whose lines shall be equidistant from and parallel thereto for quantity.” Questions of this nature may be solved by the following method. The only thing wanting is the distance from the settlement lines to where the preemption ditto must be, the which may be found by supposing the distance and working with it, as if it were the true number sought; and whatever it lacks or exceeds 1000 Acres is your error, by the same method find your second error, and work according to the rule of Double Position, and the result will be the true distance required.
1st. Position 90 Supposed to be the distance from the settlement lines to the preemption do. 2 180 146.05 438.15 346.05 90 90 3943350 29344.50 2 2 7866.00 78567
410 137556 R 36 4 3438 R. 6 or 859.725 1000
1st Error 140.275 Acres 2d Position 100 Poles 438.15 2 100 200 43815.00 146.05 2 346.05 87630 100 346.5.00 2 69210 87630 410 1568410 4 3921 1000 980 R. 1 or 19.75 2d Error 19.75
1st. position. 90 2d. position. 100 14027.5 100 1777.5 120.525 120.525 1,632 poles, 1st. Error. 140.275 2d. Error. 19.75 100 19.75 14027.500 90 177.50 A REYNARD.
THE brave, but excentric general Lee, had so little regard to the rules of Politeness and civility, that he always spoke his opinions unreservedly, without regarding the offence or pain they might excite. Being one night at Albany, drinking with an old Scotch officer, when he began to mellow with the Wine, he told his companion that he had one fault which he begged him to overlook, which was to abuse the Scotch when he was in liquor. In troth, replied the officer, I shall readily forgive your fault, if you will overlook mine; it is, when I hear any person impertinently abusing Scotland or Scotchmen, when I am drunk or sober, I cannot refrain from laying my cane soundly over his shoulders. Now I will readily pardon your fault, if you will pardon mine. This reasonable hint made the general very polite the remainder of the night.
THE FOLLOWING
BLANKS
MAY BE HAD AT THIS OFFICE, Viz. DEEDS, SUBPOENAS, REPLEVI and Common BONDS, APPRENTICE'S INDENTURES, &c. &c. &c.