The Kentucke gazette (Lexington [Ky.]), 1787-09-01 00:00:00

K E N T U C K E G A Z E T T E
S A T U R D A Y, SEPTEMBER 1, 1787.
MR. BRADFORD.
A DESIRE that your Press may be extensively useful, will apologize for this, and any future essay I may make to contribute my mite. My only request is, that what you judge worthy of the notice of the public, may be inserted in the Kentucke Gazette .
I HAVE heard many good Citizens express surprise, that the Trustees of the Transylvania Seminary should so long delay the taking any effectual steps to forward the design of that well devised Institution. A dearth of cash may make it imprudent for them to attempt splendid Edifices; but the daily lamentations we hear for the many promising youths amongst us, who are fast advancing to manhood in the most profound ignorance of Political and Scientific Knowledge; renders it certain, that contributions in lands and in country produce might easily be obtained, sufficient to erect Buildings for the cultivation of their minds, not less convenient than those in which their parents have raised them to as great vigour and agility of body as if they had been nursed in a Palace. As to the masters that may be immediately necessary; the price of tuition that is usually received from students, will nearly produce adequate salaries for them: so that neither in this respect is there an insurmountable difficulty. From what has been suggested, it appears that the requisites essential to a place of education are not beyond our reach. And if some other conveniencies or even necessaries may still be lacking; as the inhabitants of an infant country are obliged to do in other cases, we must bear with such wants until by vigorous exertions a supply can be had: for nothing is more absurd than to neglect to seek what we may enjoy, because we cannot obtain all we desire.
But it is surmised by some, that the Trustees, being of various Religious Denominations, are each of them averse from the election of Teachers, until they severally can have the prospect of succeeding in the choice of those who are of their own Profession. Such Proposals, so far as they are wrong, ought to be accounted a human frailty, rather than a voluntary error; I am therefore persuaded, that the Gentlemen will candidly consider by what means their pernicious consequences may be avoided in the interesting business they have been intrusted with. It is an essential right of free agency, to embrace the doctrines we prefer; and it is as certainly a violation of the same right, to enforce them on others by any methods but that of persuasion: therefore should a faction predominate in any social combination, it may subvert the privileges the compact was designed to secure. In such cases jealousy is a virtue, and constant watchfulness a duty which we owe to ourselves and those with whom we are combined. If a party in the Board of Trustees should ever obtain an ascendancy of this kind, an Institution that was designed to promote the general weal, may possibly be perverted to serve the selfish views of a particular sect; but we should not by this be deterred from pursuing a certain good that we may avoid a possible Evil. A Evil against which the three following Remedies are proposed.
1. To keep up a kind of balance between the Sects, the Board may elect an equal number from each to be Teachers. This, however equitable and safe it may appear in theory, will leave it in the power of those Teachers who possess the most popular talents to proselyte the Students to that System of Religion which they would promote; and after numberless jarrings and rivalships lead on to the inconveniences it was intended to avoid: from which it is manifest that this Remedy is not complete.
2. Or, it may be ordained that the attention of the students shall be solely confined to mere moral precepts and the knowledge of things temporal; without permitting any Theological Tenets to be taught, or Religious Exercises to be performed within the limits of the Institution. This indeed would be something new amongst Civilized Nations; but must be an excellent device for assimilating us to our neighbours on the northwest side of the Ohio , to whose sentiments and manners we are making speedy advances in some other instances. As this Expedient did not originate with myself, but was substantially suggested to me by others, I shall treat it with the greater notice, and further observe; that if it were adopted, it would not only relieve us from the Dilemma laid to above, but it would also have a powerful tendency to eradicate any remains of the Christian Religion with
which we are still shackled. It may however be objected, that this Remedy would be too unpopular to be attempted; or if it should, that the prejudices in favour of Christianity are so invincible, that few would encourage a Seminary of Learning from which is excluded a Religion they so highly esteem.
3. I SHALL, therefore, submit another Expedient that will be more consonant to the ideas of a christianized Country, and I think strictly conformable to the designs of a Seminary of Learning; which can neither be considered as a Political or Ecclesiastical Institution, but, like a private family, ought so to be conducted, as to be subservient to the true interest of both civil and religious life. Man, as a rational creature, is to regard both soul and body; or, to express it more justly, he is to regard the interest of his mortal, that he may the better secure the interest of his immortal part: for this reason an Education that only qualifies him for the one or the other of these is materially defective; and an intelligent Parent who is anxious for the one cannot be regardless of the other: he who would restrain his Son from the study of Politics, through fear that he should embrace an erroneous System, will detain him in ignorance the sure source of error; and the same is true in the case of Religion. What then is to be done, when the world is filled with jarring and dangerous opinions on both? My present purpose only requires me to answer with respect to Religion. Furnish Students with the opportunities of knowledge and free enquiry, and the ancient adage will be verified, Great is the force of truth, and it must prevail . Without regard to Denominations, let Masters of enlarged minds and virtuous deportment be encouraged: the moral Sentiments being the same in all, where they are not obscured by ignorance nor corrupted by vice, it will be found that such Men generally agree in the great Doctrines of Religion, however they may differ about Rites, Ceremonies, or matters of Speculation, which all Parties must acknowledge to be of less importance and of doubtful disputation; and as such, may be deferred until the mind is well furnished and at leisure for their investigation. It would be indiscreet to direct the attention of Youths to such points, whilst they are only laying the foundation, or learning the first principles of Science: and a regard to duty and to character are the only effectual restraints against such improprieties in those who guide their studies. The just and liberal policy of the AMERICAN STATES have cut the sinews of ecclesiastical ambition, by abolishing all partial emoluments and invidious distinctions on the account of Religion; so that, among us, Faction on this score can only be ideal: or if any danger yet remains, the Governors of our Seminaries of Learning can prevent it, by cultivating wisdom and virtue the faithful Guardians of Liberty.
It only remains to consider, What Forms of Worship may be kept up in a Place of Public Education that is conducted on principles of equality? Nothing can be more proper than that those who are combined for the purposes of studying the Perfections of God, and his wonderful Works in creating and governing the World, should also frequently join together in his Worship. This has generally been done, by meeting daily in an Oratory or Chapel allotted for the purpose. In the morning some chapter or portion of the Holy Scripture is read, and a prayer made suitable to the occasion; in the evening a Psalm or Hymn is sung, and a Preacher again addressed to the ALMIGHTY; and on the Sabbath, besides these private exercises, they are all required to attend the public Preaching of the Gospel. In this District we are generally agreed as to the authority of the Scriptures; we are also well furnished with Psalms and Hymns that are as generally approved; and none can doubt but that a prayer made with or without a written Form is equally acceptable to the DIVINE BEING; so that these parts of Worship may be conducted with unity. Neither from Preaching of the Gospel need danger be apprehended: if Ministers of every Denomination, who are well reputed by the Church to which they belong, have permission to preach occasionally in our Seminary; and such of the Teachers as may be Clergymen are encouraged statedly to perform this Service in rotation, when other Supplies do not offer, the Students will be educated and, in this way, be taught catholicism, by finding that the diversity of Doctrines is not so great as is commonly imagined;
or, if a diversity should appear, it will afford an opportunity of proving all things, and holding fast that which is good. As to those few who deny the authority of the Scriptures; they must confess it gives the most exalted ideas of the Perfections of God, and of what is praiseworthy in Man: they only doubt its Inspiration, whilst they admire the purity of its precepts and the harmony of its doctrines. What Religion then would they have substituted in its stead? Not that of Mahomet or Sommonocodom : these they account more fabulous than those of antient Greece or Rome which they likewise ridicule. If they propose the Religion of Nature ; this, like Fate , means every thing, but means nothing that has yet been defined. In the mean time, Is it not rational for them, as well as us, to teach or cause our children to be taught and exercised in that Religion which is supposed to be promulgated by the GOD of Nature? And which has been authenticated by every Evidence internal and external that can be pleaded in favour of the most undoubted Records existing; leaving them un-restrained to judge of the sufficiency of those Evidences when their minds are matured and furnished for the solemn Decision: more especially, as without this general agreement, only one of the two great objects of Literary Institutions can be obtained.
Thus, Sir, I have proposed a System as unexceptionable as that which has been universally adopted in every age;---of committing the Education of Youth to Parents and Guardians; and far more safe and rational than that of discarding all Religion from Seminaries of Learning, through fear that the Students may embrace that which is erroneous.
CATHOLICUS.
TO THE PRINTER OF THE KENTUCKE GAZETTE, SIR.
WHAT has been the Language and behaviour of our people and their leaders? I shall first represent the conduct of the leaders. After three conventions had deliberated upon the necessity of a separation; after the third convention had represented their decision to the general assembly; after the assembly had passed a law in compliance with every proposition made by Convention, and exhibited as great an instance of condescension as was ever given by a Legislative body; the advocates for a separation flattered themselves that the judgment of all men was fixed in conformity to their wishes. How great was their mistake! The very means which they had taken to remove obstacles introduced new ones and the people concurred dissatisfied. It is true that by sly and over-reaching conduct at elections, by bold imperious assertions and illiberal insinuations upon Court house audiences they obtained a great increase of votes. Nevertheless a large number of respectable inhabitants adhered to the opposition. These, having flood the trial of popular zeal and heard without conviction the flowery arguments of political elocution, will in all probability remain unsatisfied, though they should hear a universal shout crying, it is the voice of a God and not of a man! But let us take a review of their conduct from the beginning. In the first Convention our Gentlemen learned in the law, enumerated every grievance which the district could be supposed to labour under with as much earnestness as if they were searching for hidden treasure. When these were exposed to view, they might have been all removed in one session of assembly if proper application had been made for that purpose, excepting our distance from the seat of Government. If this be a grievance it is by the disposition of providence, and if all inconveniencies were ranked among grievances under every Government, I am afraid divine justice will become the object of general blame. However the Council of Censors in Pennsylvania have remarked that "The mere grievance seems to have changed its import; formerly the exercises and oppressive proceedings of the executive power, and of the courts of justice, were the grievances of England; and not hardships which will always arise from the operation of general laws; nor were the misdeeds of particular officers or private men for which there is an easy and legal remedy; much less inconveniencies to which the negligence of the sufferer himself has subjected him." Yet this enumeration of grievances was supposed a sufficient display of zeal for the rights of the people. A second Convention was called to confirm the decisions of the first, and in that Convention the terms of separation were discussed. These terms were nearly if not

cisely the same with those offered by the Assembly; but if I am rightly informed attempts were made to render them less favourable to the District! In this Convention the decision was as clear for a separation; but the time was not yet sufficient to settle everything preparatory to it. A third Convention did the business and a petition was presented to the Assembly which produced a law, together with a series of conduct in the executive, which, by complying with all the wishes of the Convention, took away the force of every reason which had been used for the justification of those wishes. Ought not this prosperous appearance of things to have checked their ardor? No: they would run every risk rather than lose the pleasure of governing the people of Kentucky! When the word grievances could no longer serve their turn; they continued to show us that they could still find reasons to support their will! One of the most applauded performances on that side of the question was introduced with this position 'Whether the immediate separation of the district hath a tendency to promote or injure the interests of the District?' It was necessary to show that the connection with the commonwealth of Virginia injured the district. This injury should be pointed out in such a manner as to rouse the apprehensions of all lovers of liberty; because great alterations can only be justified by great hopes or great fears. All these hopes were in theory and their fear should be justified by experience. But alas! When liberty is in real danger it will find few tongues of Great men to sound an alarm among the people! Speculation, trade, public honours and advancements are the general incentives which bring important personages into popular factions, when they undertake to harangue the people, they cannot help betraying the objects which make the greatest impression upon their hearts. The acquisition of riches by commerce with foreign nations will be mentioned with a mighty pathos; but the sufferings of the poor by tax-gatherers will be laughed at as a jest. The most laboured expressions of zeal and attachment to the people will drop the heart before they find access to the highest ear. When they can brow beat an adversary, they will exert their achievements as masterly strokes of argumentation, and when they apprehend a determined opposition they will endeavour by tedious complimets, long-spun narratives, and forced witticisms to fatigue the patience both of their hearers and opponents. Such, if I am not mistaken, are the artifices with which men who act from private motives will defend a public cause!
A VIRGINIAN.
MAXIMS and OBSERVATIONS, MORAL, CRITICAL and MISCELLANEOUS. H O P E.
OUR powers owe much of their energy to our hopes;— possunt quia posse videntur . The understanding of a man naturally sanguine, may be easily vitiated by the luxurious indulgence of hope, however necessary to the production of every thing great, or excellent, as some plants are destroyed by too open an exposure to that sun, which gives life and beauty to the vegetable world.
Hope is necessary in every condition. The miseries of poverty, &c. would, without this comfort, be insupportable; nor does it appear that the happiest lot of terrestrial existence, can set us above the want of this general blessing; or that life, when the gifts of nature and of fortune are accumulated upon it, would not be a wretched one, were it not elevated and delighted by the expectation of some new possession, of some enjoyment yet behind, by which the wish shall be at last satisfied, and the heart filled up to its utmost extent. Yet hope is very fallacious, and promises what it seldom gives; but its promises are more valuable than the gifts of fortune, and it seldom frustrates us without assuring us of recompensing the delay by a greater bounty.
Where there is no hope, there can be no endeavour.
Hope is the chief blessing of man, and that hope only is rational, of which we are certain that it cannot deceive us.
H U M A N I T Y.
He does nothing who endeavours to do more than is allowed to humanity.
H E A L T H.
Such is the power of health, that without its co-operation every other comfort is torpid and lifeless, as the power of vegetation without the sun.
H I S T O R Y.
He that records transaction in which himself was engaged, has not only an opportunity of knowing
innumerable particulars which escape spectators, but has his natural powers exalted by that ardour which always rises at the remembrance of our own importance, and by which every man is enabled to relate his own actions better than another's.
He that writes the history of his own times, if he adheres strictly to truth, will write that which his own times will not easily endure. He must be content to repossess his book till all private passions shall cease, and love and hatred give way to curiosity.
S O N G.
SWAINS I hate the boist'rous fair, Who bold assume a manly air, Soft, unaffected, gentle be, Still the girl that's made for me.
Let her not boast, like man to dare The dangers of the sylvan war, With gentler sports delighted be, The girl that fate ordains for me.
Nor pert coquet, nor formal prude, Gay let her be, but never rude, From airs, from flights, from vapours free She is the girl that's made for me.
Her well chose dress, in every part, Be aul without shewing art; From all fantastic fashions free, She is the girl that's made for me.
Looe flow her locks, without constraint, Her Healthy cheeks let nature paint, To all a goddess seem to be, And prove a woman still to me.
FROM THE PITTSBURGH GAZETTE.
Extract of a Letter from Gibraltar, dated April, 10. "An American ship with a counterfeit pass has been lately taken in the Mediterranean, by an Algerine cruiser, and carried into Algiers. The captain and crew, with three passengers, were barbarously in a very severe manner, by order of the dey, for the imposition, and sent along way up the country into slavery.
The same letter says, the latter end of last month the Sultan, an Algerine frigate of 38 guns, fell in with a Portuguese man of war, mounting 44 guns, between Cape Spartel and St. Vincents; and after a very obstinate and bloody engagement of nine glasses, the man of war was obliged to sheer off. The Portuguese fought bravely and lost a vast number of men. The Algerines had upwards of ninety killed, and a great number wounded, many mortally. Amongst the killed was their commander, a man of a very desperate and determined resolution. This fellow has often swore he would never strike to the flag of any nation, but would rather sink his ship and perish with the crew, than be taken: for which purpose he had always two great guns loaded, and pointed down the main hatchway, when in an engagement, in case he should be overpowered.
C A R E L S L E. July 23.
On Friday the sixth inst. Jesse Cox went out with his father's reapers to reap, but before noon seemed to be in a very ill humour, threatened some of the hands, and ordered them out of the field, but his father interfered and prevented any harm being done. The next morning he appeared to be in the same ill humour; his father supposing him to be out of his reason, sent for a certain Daniel Grist, and some other neighbours to advise with them or to secure him from doing damage; Daniel Grist and three others came to the house of his father, and upon entering it (the said Grist being foremost) Jesse Cox was standing on the floor, and presented a rifle and swore he would shoot them, Grist said don't shoot and went to turn round, Cox that instant fired the rifle and shot Grist through the body, of which wound he died in less than three hours. He was immediately seized, and on his examination before the justice and jury, he pretended to know nothing of the matter, tho' taken at the moment of his committing the horrid crime, and several eye witnesses present; he even denied that he saw a gun or heard the report of one. The jury brought in their verdict, that the said Jesse Cox, not having the fear of God before his eyes, and seduced by the devil, did by that shot, wilfully and feloniously kill and take away the life of the said Daniel Grist.
P I T T S B U R G H, August 3.
We are informed, that a party of volunteers, on the 16th of July, went in pursuit of a party of Indians who were committing depredations on the Ohio, near by opposite to captain Bogg's, but returned without finding them; a party of horsemen continued the pursuit, and after very great fatigue came upon the track of three Indians, which they soon discovered a short distance ahead, they followed them, and soon came up to the main body, which consisted of thirteen, on the approach of the horsemen the Indians retreated a small distance and made ready for battle. The horsemen dismounted, and divided into two parties, one of which advanced in front of the savages, while the other came within sixty yards of them unperceived, and fired upon them, this put the savages to flight, three of them were soon to fall, but only one scalp was taken, with all their baggage, which came to a considerable amount. The horse party consisted of ten men.
Thursday last an Indian chief of the Delaware nation, came to town, and brought in with him a young lad of the name of Tilton, who was taken about two months since near Wheeling, by a party of Delawares, who were in company with the Shawanese that committed some murders at the same time.
Danville, August: 24, 1787.
THE public are cautioned against taking assignments of two bonds I gave Mr. Maurice Nagle, of Danville, the first for £200 due next July, the other £210 due July 1789, as I will not pay them until said Mr. Nagle discharges some debts of consequence which I am liable to pay upon his account. On the first of these bonds there is paid £130 5 7. Virginia Currency, SAMUEL IRWIN
Aug. 22, 1787.
TWO DOLLARS REWARD
STRAYED or Stolen from the plantation of William Stevenon (near the surveyors office) a large bay horse, seven years old about four feet three inches high, has a small star, one white foot, and some saddle marks, branded on the near buttock B L, paces and trots. Whoever takes up said horse, and secures him so that I get him shall receive the above reward. JOHN LITTLE wheel right, near Lexington.
Lexington, August 18, 1787.
THE partnership of Whitehead and Co. having dissolved, all persons indebted to them by bond, note, or book account are hereby requested to settle the same with Mr. John Parker, in Lexington who is fully authorized and empowered to receive and discharge them. And all accounts that are not discharged before the 9th day of October next, will be put into the hands of an attorney without respect of persons: they therefore hope for the indulgence already given, such disagreeable measures will be avoided.
LOST this day, between Mr. Robert Thompson's and Lexington, a CERTIFICATE of 98 £ 1-90 1/2 dollars, due to Ebenezer Minton, for services. Whoever finds, the same and delivers it to John Parker in Lexington shall receive TWO DOLLARS reward. HUGH MILVAIN.
Lincoln, Aug. 15, 1787.
THE subscriber begs leave to inform the Public, that he is now engaged in erecting a Paper Mill, on a branch of Dicks river near his grist-mill, and expects to have it fully completed by the first of November next. He flatters himself that in the execution of an undertaking which promises such advantages to this District, he will meet with the greatest encouragement from every good citizen, who wishes to see Arts, and manufactures flourish in Kentucky. But as a paper manufactory cannot be carried on without rags, he therefore most earnestly recommends it to all persons to be particular in saving all their old linen and cotton. Proper persons will be appointed in different parts of the country to receive rags, for which he will give a higher price in cash than is given for that article in Maryland, or Pennsylvania, JACOB MYERS.

and that they ought to have the sole and exclusive right of regulating the internal Government and policy of this State; therefore all officers of government, whether Legislative, or Executive are their trustees and servants, and are at all times accountable to them.
That all men have a natural and unalienable right, to worship Almighty God, according to the dictates of their own conscience.
That the Legislative, Executive, and Supreme Judicial powers of government ought to be forever separate from each other, and to restrain oppression, the people have a right at such period they think proper to reduce their public officers to a private station, and supply their vacancies by certain and regular elections.
That all elections ought to be free; and all free men having a sufficient evident, common interest with, and attachment to the community, have a right to elect officers, and to be elected in office.
That all powers of suspending laws, or the execution of laws by any authority, without consent of the representatives of the people, are injurious to their rights, and ought not to be exercised.
That in all criminal prosecutions, every man has a right to be informed of the accusation against him, and to confront the accusers and witnesses with their testimonies, and shall not be compelled to give evidence against himself.
That no free man shall be put to answer any criminal charge, but by indictment, presentment, or impeachment, neither shall they be convicted of any crime but by the verdict of a Jury of good and lawful men in open court.
That excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishments inflicted.
That in all controversies at law, respecting property, and in suits between man and man, the parties have a right to trial by Jury, which ought to be held sacred.
That general warrants, whereby an officer or messenger may be commanded to search suspected places, without evidence of the fact committed, or to seize any person or persons not charged with an offence, whose offences are not particularised and supported by evidence, are dangerous to liberty, and ought not to be granted.
That every free man restrained of his liberty, is entitled to a remedy, to enquire into the lawfulness thereof, and remove the same if unlawful, therefore the writ of habeas corpus should not be denied.
That the people have a right to freedom of speech, and of writing and publishing their sentiments, therefore the freedom of the press ought never to be restrained.
That the people of this State ought not to be taxed without the consent of themselves, or their representatives in General Assembly, freely given, and that all taxes shall be levied equitable and just.
That the people of this State have a right to bear arms for the defence thereof, and as standing armies in time of peace are dangerous to liberty, they ought not to be kept up; and that the military should be kept under strict subordination, and be governed by the civil power.
That the people of this State have a right to assemble together, to consult for their common good, to instruct their representatives, and to apply to the government for redress of grievances.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE
REVOLUTION in POLAND.
AT three o'clock in the morning of May 3d, a number of patriots, who had preconceived the great objects which they meant to accomplish in the sitting of the Diet that day, assembled in the King's chamber. There, in the presence of the King, they engaged to effectuate the Revolution that day, and they pledged themselves to each other, by a solemn engagement, not to separate until they had accomplished their end.
The assembly was opened at the usual hour. The galleries were crowded with spectators, and the house was surrounded with thousands who could not gain admission. Instead of the Marshals, the King himself opened the session. He said in substance, that "notwithstanding all assurances to the contrary, there was an alarming rumour, confirmed by the advices daily received, that the three neighbouring powers would make up and terminate all their jealousies and divisions, at the expence of the possessions of the republic; that the only method of assuring to Poland the integrity of its possessions, and of preserving it from the ruin which foreign politics were preparing for it, was to establish a Constitution, which should secure its internal independence. That in this view there had been prepared a plan of a Constitution, founded principally on that of England, and the United States of America; but avoiding the faults and errors of both, and adapting it as much as possible to the local and particular circumstances of the country."
In support of the information relative to the foreign powers, the King communicated to the Diet some dispatches received from the Ministers of the Republic at foreign courts; stating how eager they were to oppose all settlement of the constitution, and that every thing seemed to announce their hostile designs on Poland. The King desired that the plan, which he submitted to them, might be read, and that they should proceed forthwith to enact it into a law, if they approved of it. The plan was accordingly read, and a very long and important debate took place.
All the representatives of the provinces of Volhynia and Podolia, declared themselves against the new form of Constitution.
M. Suchorzewski, who so recently distinguished himself in so brilliant a manner as an advocate for the people, and who is justly regarded as the principal author of the movements that have brought about the revolution, opposed this plan with great zeal. The patriotism by which he was animated, was alarmed by the Crown's being made hereditary. He advanced, and threw himself on his knees at the foot of his throne, supplicating and conjuring his majesty, "to renounce his ideas of the hereditary succession to the Royalty as it would be the tomb of the Liberty of Poland." Many representatives who were on the same side, alleged the instructions of their provinces, which prevented them from agreeing to make the Throne hereditary. They insisted that at least the plan should be taken ad deliberandum, as every other new law was taken: but a great majority of voices refused to agree to this. "We must pass the whole this day: we will not depart from this place until the whole is accomplished."
The opposition replied. "And we will not depart until it is renounced." The majority requested the King to be pleased to unite with them.
ample, and swore the same. "Every man that loves his country" exclaimed his Majesty, "follow me to the church, and thanking God, let us repeat the oath at the altar." All the Bishops, all the secular Senators, with a great number of Nuncios or representatives accompanied the King to the church, and there again they solemnly engaged before the Supreme Being and their Country, to maintain a Constitution, which combining liberty with subordination, and subjecting the first citizen as well as the last to the law, secures to all the means of happiness, and gives to each citizen the true enjoyment of his rights. It was by that time seven o'clock in the evening: The Deputies were sung and the new Constitution was announced to the people by the discharge of 200 pieces of cannon. There were but between thirty and forty Nuncios who did not follow the King to the church. The King with his suite, returned to the Assembly house and, adjourned the Diet to the 5th of May, after charging the Marshals to give the oath to all the Departments. The opposing Nuncios, seeing that all resistance was useless, resolved to protest against the new Constitution, by the publication of a manifesto, after which, they retired without noise to their own houses. There was no attempt made to interrupt them nor was any injury whatever offered to their persons. Cries of joy filled the streets, but this joy was the expression of a pure and calm patriotism. Through the whole day there was not the smallest confusion, nor disorder, nor riot. At eleven o'clock the streets were so perfectly calm, that one would hardly believe that it has been the epoch of a new order of things.
It is pretended, that on the eve of this memorable day, a certain foreign Minister had endeavoured by the dextrous application of 50,000 ducats, to avert the revolution; but all was foreseen and prevented. The business was executed in every point with as much address as it was framed. On the 4th instant, eighteen Nuncios published their manifesto against the proceedings of the day before; and Mr. Suchorzewski returned to the Cordouan, with which his Majesty had invested him fifteen days before. On the 3d of May, the post was seized, and even foreign Ministers submitted to the general order, but on the 4th, expressies were sent off in all directions.
In the sitting of the 5th May, the new form of Constitution was again proposed. The members present signed it unanimously, and they formally passed, sentence, by sentence, the twelve articles of which it is composed, and which are as follows:
 1. The Catholic Religion shall be the governing religion of the states, and the King shall profess it. But all other forms of worship shall be admitted, and a general toleration, civil and religious shall be a fundamental law of the Kingdom.  2. The ancient privileges and rights of the Noblesse are approved and confirmed.  3. At the same time all the rights and privileges of the people asserted, renewed or granted to them during the present Diet, are equally ratified and confirmed.  4. All strangers who shall arrive and settle in Poland, shall enjoy full and entire liberty.  5. The peasantry are taken under the protection of the laws and of government. They are relieved from all arbitrary impositions, and do depend, henceforth, in what regards their rights and labours, only on the contracts which they shall make with their seigniors. All foreign labourers are free to enter and settle in Poland, or to depart, fulfilling the obligations of the contracts they may have made with the masters of the soil. 
The Government of Poland shall consist of three branches, or departments. The Legislative power shall be vested in the King, the Senate, and the House of Representatives.
exclusively to the states assembled in the Diet and composed of two chambers, town, the senate and chamber of Nuncios.
8. The King shall exercise executive power with his council. The council shall be composed of the primate and five ministers, who shall each have a department. No order of the King can be put in execution unless it is signed by the minister, whose lives and fortunes shall be responsible to each Diet for the orders they shall sign. As soon as two thirds of the Diet shall demand a change of ministers, the King shall be bound to dismiss them, and name others in their place.
9. The election of King shall never fall hereafter on an individual. A whole family shall be elected when the Royal family shall be extinct. Thus after the decease of reigning King (for whose long life the estates and the nation make the most fervent prayer) the reigning elector of Saxony and his male descendants after him shall succeed to the throne of Poland. If he shall have no male issue, Mary Augusta Nepomucene, his only daughter, now declared infant of Poland, shall be queen, and her husband, whom the King and the states assembled shall choose for her, shall wear the crown and form the stock, from which shall spring a new Royal dynasty of Poland.
10. In case of the minority of the King, his tutelage with administration of the government shall be in the hands of the Queen's mother, and of council, who shall be responsible for their conduct to every Diet.
11. The education of the King's children shall in like manner be confided to the council.
12. The judicial power shall be fixed for each palatine, territory or district. The judges shall be elected at the Diets.
AMERICAN OCCURRENCES.
LEXINGTON, Sep. 17.
Extract of a letter from the Governor of Virginia, to Brig. Gen. Scott, dated Council chamber, Richmond, August 4th 1791.
"SIR, "I have lately received a letter from the Secretary at war, informing me that in case a more extensive combination of the Indian nations should be formed than is at present calculated on, the commanding General of the troops to the Westward is authorised to call for such numbers and species of militia, as the nature of the case may require. Should such a demand be made, you will consider it as peculiarly your duty to use every exertion in your power, to insure the most complete compliance with it."
"I am much disappointed as not having been able as yet to procure a complete return of the strength of the militia of your district. Let me entreat your attention to this business. If so can be obtained by the next session of the General assembly, it will be very satisfactory."
"I am Sir, respect- fully Your Ob- t BEVERLY R. Brig. Gen. Scott."
TAKEN up by the Sheriff of the county, three miles from the station, a black man named Hanas high, and all his appurtenances.

ON A of the Town, found dead. HAPPY daughter of dist'cts & c wo, e'er thy sorrows and whoo'er thou art, For thee the tears of charity shall flow, Warm from the purest fountain of the heart. Perhaps tho' now neglected & forlorn A parent once survey'd thee with delight, The idol of a father's heart alone, Or the lov'd darling of a mother's sight. For thee, perhaps, they watch'd and toild and pray'd, On thy sweet innocence with trans- port hung; And well they tho't their tender care repaid, To hear the artless music of thy tongue. When dawning reason shed her ray be- nign, And all thy excellence became re- veal'd, How did they see thy op'ning virtue shine, And bear thy praise with raptures conceal'd. For who, alas! can tell thy secret worth! What soft angelic virtues might ap- pear! That bosom, laid defenceless on the earth, Might once be grateful gen'rous and sincere; Some base deceiver, practic'd to betray Might win thy easy faith, destroy thy fame, "Then cast thee, like a loathsome weed, away." The sport of fortune, and the child of shame. Poor wanderer! perhaps thou couldst not find The liberal hand, the slender gifts to spare, Infatiate avarice the soul confus'd, Or timid prudence disbeliev'd thy prayer. Thou from the world, neglected and forlorn, Careless of life, & hopeless of relief, Thy agonizing heart retir'd to mourn, And breath'd its last and unmolested grief. Unhappy, shade whate'er thy lot has been, From sin at last, and sorrow thou art free; Thy debt to Nature it is fully paid, And wounded pity pays her debt to thee.
Nearly ready for the press and will be published, as soon as a sufficient number of subscri- bers can be obtained.  HOLLAND'S ESSAY, In three parts.
I. Containing the contract of Creation and Redemption. Shewing that the fundamental doctrines of Calvin and Arme- nius joined together, compleat- ly forms the foundation of sy- stem of Universal Restoration, without the smallest diminution or addition.
II. The method and manner of the restoration of all to its ori- ginal state of rectitude and im- mortality which it was at first designed a plain and light into the Pro- phetic visions and the apostolic mode of statement, shewing scenes which thro' pipes empties of themselves, of the his mer- ve is
JUST ARRIVED, And new Opening, by  TEGARDEN & M'CULLOUGH At their old Stand in Lexington,  A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF  DRY GOODS GROCERIES, HARDWARE & QUEEN'S WARE, which they will dispose of on the most reasonable terms for Cash, Furs &c.
FOR SALE FOR READY CASH TWO likely Virginia born negro women, the one about twenty and the other about thirty years of age, they are both excellent for house bu- siness, and one of them a good seamstress—Any person inclinable to purchase apply to the printer hereof. 2v
THE public are requested to be cautious in contracting with Mr. Israel Dodge, under the presence of the partnership of Thompson, M'Connell and Dodge, as the said Thompson and M'Connell are determined not to comply with any contract after that the said Dodge may make after this publication. ROBERT M'CONNELL. Danville, August 25, 1791. £3 4w
FOR SALE Seven hundred acres of land, on Taylor's fork of Silver creek, near Madison court house and adjoining Irvines Station— the land is of the first quality and Taylor's fork runs through a part of it—one half the pur- chase money to be paid when the conveyance is made, and the ba- lance at two annual payments— for farther particulars apply to the subscriber in Lexington. CORNELIUS BEATTY. N. B. The above described tract of land is the one half of the settlement and preemption obtained by John Hart. Lexington July 15, 1791. tf
TAKEN up by the subscriber living at the cove spring, on the road leading from Harrodsburg to Brashear's creek, 3 fleers, 2 of them are red with white in their faces and on their backs, also along their bellies marked with an underbit in one ear and a hole in the other, 3 years old, the other a black, marked with an underbit in one ear, and a slit in the other, 3 years old; Apprais- ed to £2 15 each. Thomas Lillard.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, a brown stone horse colt, 2 years old, with a star and slip, not branded, about 4 feet 8 inches high, appears to have some blood; Apprais'd to £8. Thomas Rankin. May 19, 1791. 2
TAKEN up by the bay mare, 4 years high, a small strip of face, all four of her lf between the knee herable; A
TAKEN up by the Subscriber on the East fork of Hickmans creek Fayette county a sorrel mare 13 hands and a half high 3 years old branded TS on the near buttock; Apprais'd to £9. Samuel Trotter.
TAKEN up on the head of Fox's creek, (a branch of Licking,) on the 10th of June last, a dun horse, with a v age race, about 14 hands high, 5 years old last spring, branded on the near shoulder and buttock but not legible, not docked; the owner may have him by applying to the subscriber living in Mason county near Washington, proving his property and paying charges. Henry Conrad. August 23, 1791. 3w
TAKEN up by the subscriber on the waters of Howaras creek, Fayette county a dark sorrel mare, 12 or 13 years old, about 13 hands and a half high, white mane and tail, had a small star, the high hind foot white, had on a small bell, branded on the near shoulder nearly thus SM Apprais'd to £2. £3/4 John Vice.
Wish to contract for a con- siderable quantity of Barley to be delivered to me in Lexing- ton, next fall Spring Barley would be preferred. Also a quantity of well cu- red Hops. PETTON SHORT. April 15, 1791.
NOTICE is hereby given to the public that I have appointed Mr. W. Morton my Attorney in fact, during my absence from this country—to whom all persons indebted to me are requested to make immediate payment —All persons having just demands against me will please to make them known to my Attorney aforesaid, who will direct them to be discharged with all possible dispatch. PETTON SHORT.
A  PURSE-  RACE, WILL be run in Lexington, the third Thursday in October next. July 29, 1791.
STRAYED away from the sub- scriber, a black mare, with a bald face, branded on the near shoulder and buttock HH and on the off shoulder MG has got a good many saddle spots and one of her hind feet has got a little white, about sixteen or seventeen years old, about fifteen hands high; Whoever delivers the said mare to Chris- topher Kifer (Lexington) shall have two dollars reward. JOHN GOUGH.
I WISH to lease for the term of one year, the Distillery and adjoining plantation, late the property of Mr. John Craig on Clear creek, Woodford county; also the Mill on the plantation whereon the said Craig now resides— Possession of the distillery to be given on the first day of September next— of the adjoining plantation and Mill aforesaid on the first day of January following or earlier, with the consent of Mr. John Craig — For terms apply to Mr William Morton, Merchant, in Lexington. PETTON SHORT. June 19, 1791.
FORTY  DOLLARS REWARD.  STOLEN from the subscriber living in Fort Cumberland, (Maryland.) on the 18th of May last, a black horse about 15 hands high, 7 or 8 years old, a natural trotter, a small star in his fore- head wind gaited in his hind legs, no visible mark or brand; Whoever takes up said horse and secures him so that I can have him again shall receive 12 dollars and reasonable charges if brought home, or the above reward for horse and thief if prosecuted to conviction. WILLIAM MCATHAN. July 25, 1791.
FOR SALE THAT beautiful well improved tract of Land, (together with the Mills and distillery) whereon the subscriber now lives; containing 500 acres, the title indisputable, possession of the Mills and distillery, together with all the buildings except one dwelling house and kitchen, may be had immediately, and the balance next spring. About £600. will be expended in hand, and a reasonable credit for the balance, the purchaser giving bond and approved se- curity. Also several other tracts of Land, some of which are improved— for farther particulars enquire of the subscriber on the premises. John Grant. Woodford county, North } Ekern, August 19, 1791. } 3w
NUMBER of horses the pro- perty of the United States, Brayed in different brigades and in almost every state, in the district of Ken- tucky The horses is branded US; Any persons delivering any such horses to Capt. Root Sanders on Cairn in Woodford county, shall have ample re- ward for so doing. Paid by Robt. Bonham, or Robt. Sanders. August 21, 1791.
A PERSON who understands the Rope making business may hear of good encouragement by applying to the Printer.
At a county Committee held at col. Todd's old place in the county of Fayette, the 12th. September 1791
RESOLVED , that it be re- commended to the differ- ent county committees in this district, to depute two or more members from each of said committees to meet at Lex- ington in the