The Delaware gazette (Wilmington [Del.]), 1809-10-14 00:00:00

THE DELAWARE GAZETTE.
VOL. I.]
WILMINGTON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1809.
[NO. 29]
Printed and Published On Wednesdays and Saturdays BY JOSEPH JONES, In Market street, a few doors above the Bank of Delaware.
CONDITIONS.
 I. THE DELAWARE GAZETTE shall be published every Wednesday and Saturday, on a large folio sheet.  II. The price shall be FOUR DOLLARS per annum, exclusive of postage, payable half-yearly in advance.  III. No subscription will be received for a shorter period than one year.  IV. Subscribers shall have the right of discontinuing their subscription at the end of a year from the time of their subscribing, by paying what may be due, and giving notice of their intention.  V. Advertisements, not exceeding sixteen lines, will be inserted four times for one dollar, and for every subsequent insertion twenty cents—longer ones in the same proportion; but a reasonable discount will be made in favor of those who advertise by the year, half-year, or quarter.  VI. All articles of a personal or private nature will be charged as advertisements, and must be paid for before insertion.  VII. Advertisements, notices, &c. of all religious and charitable institutions, within the state of Delaware, shall be conspicuously inserted gratis.  VIII. The postage must be paid on all letters and communications addressed to the Editor, through the medium of the Post-Office, or they will not be received. 
To the Public.
THE subscriber respectfully informs his friends and the public that he has purchased the whole stock and trade late of the firm of John & Wm. Patterson, saddlers, and removed to the west side of Market street a few doors below Third street, where he continues to carry on the above mentioned business in all its various branches, and has constantly for sale a large and elegant assortment of articles in his line, which he will dispose of on the most reasonable terms.
William Patterson.
Wanted, as apprentices to the above business, one or two active boys, of from 14 to 16 years of age. ap 22 3m
John Dixon
HAVING succeeded Warners & Torbert in the grocery business, at the stores lately occupied by them on Market-street wharf; offers for sale on the most moderate terms, for cash or the usual credit, a General Assortment of Groceries.
And hopes by a strict attention to business, to merit a share of the public patronage.
The Packet, Sloop HOPE, Capt. MILNER, with good accommodations for passengers, will ply between this Town & Philadelphia as usual—all freight sent by said packet will be carefully attended to. Wilmington, July 8, 1809.
A VALUABLE Tract of Land for sale, At Private Sale.
THE subscriber offers for sale the tract of Land on which he at present resides, situated in Mill-Creek hundred in the county of New-Castle and state of Delaware, containing two hundred and fifty acres more or less, with a comfortable dwelling house and kitchen, a cellar, barn, and a good stone spring-house thereon erected, a young apple orchard, and a variety of other fruit trees of the best quality; it is well watered by a number of excellent springs; on said tract there is near twenty acres of good timothy meadow land, about forty acres now in clover, a large proportion of woodland—and the residue good arable land capable of improvement to a high state of cultivation, being within one mile of limestone where it can be had on reasonable terms eight miles from Wilmington and six from New-Port on the main road leading from thence to Lancaster. As it is presumed any person inclining to purchase will view the premises, it is thought unnecessary to give a further description—it will bear a division into three parts, and will be sold either the whole together or in parts as may best suit the purchaser. If it is not sold at private sale on or before the 28th day of September next, it will be sold at public sale on the premises on said day, and a liberal credit given for a considerable part of the purchase money, at which time attendance will be given and the terms made known, by
JAMES OCHELTREE. Wilmington, June 24, 1809.
Patent Washing Machines.
THE subscriber respectfully informs his friends and the public in general, that he has, some time ago, purchased an exclusive right of making and vending Patent Washing Machines throughout the hundreds of Brandywine and Christiana, in New-Castle county, a number of which machines he has already made, which have been tried by divers persons and highly approved of, as they save a great part of the labour of washing in the usual way, and are less injurious to clothes. He will continue to make and have a supply of them on hand, which he will sell on reasonable terms to such as favour him with their custom; and will also sell to any person a right to make and use them within the hundreds aforesaid.
ABRAM GEST. Wilmington, Jan. 21, 1809. tf
To Brewers.
TO be rented, and possession given the first of tenth mo. (October) next, a large and convenient Brewery, with every necessary apparatus in complete order, situate in the borough of Wilmington. This Brewery is well supplied with good water, and convenient to a good barley country. As it is presumed that any person inclining to rent would first desire to view the premises, a further description is deemed unnecessary. The terms will be reasonable: for particulars apply on the premises, or to the subscriber at Abbotts and Showard's brewery, Philadelphia.
Caleb Sheward. 7th mo. 19th, 1809. tf
A quantity of good malt and casks may be had of the present tenants.—A lot of marsh, about two acres and a half, to let, with or without the Brewery.
DR. DODDRIDGE'S RISE AND PROGRESS Of Religion in the Soul.
MR. ROBERT PORTER, of this town, has issued proposals for publishing the above excellent Book, by subscription, on good paper, and with a plain common sized type, at the very low price of fifty cents.
Perhaps, next to the Bible, this is the best book extant for private and family use. No one is better calculated to awaken, convince and convert sinners, and to conduct them in the straight and narrow path to Heaven; as doubtless the experience of many can witness. No one is more highly esteemed by pious people of all denominations, as is abundantly evident from the numerous editions it has passed through both in this country and Europe.
As the proposed price is only half the sum it is now selling for in most of our Book-stores, it will be seen, that neither the Printer, nor any persons who promote the work, have any object in view, but the good of souls, and the glory of God.
It is presumed that every one who wishes for the spiritual rise and progress of religion in his own soul, or his family, will subscribe, and that all friends of religion will encourage the work.
Recommendation by New-Castle Presbytery. Whereas ROBERT PORTER, has issued proposals for printing Dr. Doddridge's Rise and Progress of Religion in the Soul, at a very low price.
Resolved, That the Presbytery do recommend so the people under their care, to subscribe for said excellent Book. September 9, 1809.
For the prevention and cure of bilious and malignant fevers is recommended Lee's Anti-Bilious Pills. Prepared by Richard Lee and Son Baltimore.
Persons wishing to purchase this valuable medicine are requested to be particular in enquiring for Lee's Anti-Bilious Pills, put up in wooden boxes, having on the outside wrapper the signature of Richard Lee & Son—this is necessary as there are other pills of the same name.
The operation of these highly esteemed pills is perfectly mild, and the experience of thousands has proved, they may be used in every situation in life without the least inconvenience or damage.
They are admirably adapted to carry off superfluous bile, and prevents its morbid secretions—to restore the appetite, produce a regular habit of the body, promote free perspiration, and thereby prevent colds, so often attended with fatal consequences to the lives of thousands—and seldom, if ever, fail to remove a cold, if taken on its first appearance. Habitual costiveness, and its opposite, are removed by their wholesome influence, as also those diseases arising from them, head-aches and sickness at the stomach.
It is almost unnecessary to state, that on the regular habit of the system, the health of mankind depends. To conduct to this all-important object, perhaps no medicine was ever more generally successful than these pills—they never do harm, and at least nine times out of ten afford relief to those who use them for the purposes for which they are intended.
With the most perfect confidence we recommend these pills to the public, and will only further add, that their operation is always pleasant, and that they leave nothing of that cloying taste behind them too often attending medicines designed for similar purposes.
Ten years have justified us in stating these facts, during which we have had a very extensive and constantly increasing sale for this truly valuable medicine.
Sold by Mathew R. Lockerman, Bookseller. Next above the Bank of Delaware, Market street, Wilmington, Delaware. Aug. 23, 1809.
TO THE LADIES
The faces and complexion are injured with Freckles, Pimples, Black worms, Tan or Aylburn, Ring worms, Prickly heat, &c.
To those persons is recommended,
Lee's Persian Lotion,
A certain remedy for removing those disagreeable barriers to beauty, the proprietors with the most sacred regard to truth, and the credit of these medicines assure the afflicted, that all the different appearances above enumerated, are in a short time subdued: by wetting the parts affected, with this pleasant fluid, according to the directions on each bottle.
Persons therefore who regard, either what is due to themselves, or the favour and opinion of the world, who can distinguish between the comeliness of health, and the deformity of disease, and who can weigh the advantages which belong to, and are inseparable from an engaging appearance, to which perhaps, they themselves, have by nature, the strongest claims are firmly assured, that these advantages, so far as relating to a good skin, are to be obtained by the use of this Lotion, however violently they may happen to be attacked.
Instead of the tedious, and debilitating course of medicines, which patients went through formerly, and which, perhaps, they are still too frequently obliged to undergo, it is now found, that the greatest number of these complaints, are more certainly, and speedily removed by the use of local remedies merely, than they ever were by a contrary course.
LEE'S LOTION.
Is celebrated among the fashionable throughout Europe, as an invaluable coin the perfectly innocent and safe, free from corrosive and repellent materials (the basis of other lotions) and of unparalleled efficacy in preventing and removing blemishes on the face and skin, of every kind; it operates mildly, without impeding that natural, insensible perspiration, which is so essential to health, yet its effects are speedy and permanent, rendering the skin delicately soft and clear, improving the complexion and restoring the bloom of youth. Sold at the Bookstore of Mathew Lockerman. Aug. 23, 1809.
Each article has on the outside wrapper the signature of RICHARD LEE & SON. Persons not attending to the above, are liable to be imposed on.
Notice
IS hereby given, to all whom it may concern, that application will be made to the General Assembly of the state of Delaware at their next session at Dover, for an act authorizing them to bank off, stop and drain the waters, marsh, low lands and cripples of the North-well branch of Duck Creek, at or near Mr. Edward Roberts's farm, in Thoroughfare Neck, Appoquinink hundred, New-Castle county and state of Delaware.
John Fennemore, John Taylor, Thomas Emory. Aug. 12. 3m
WILMINGTON COLLEGE.
THE Trustees of Wilmington College are pleased in being able to announce to the public the revival of the Latin school in this institution, under the immediate care of Mr. Bigelow and general superintendence of the Rev. Dr. Read. The healthy situation of Wilmington, its character for morality, the goodness of its market and choice of best boarding houses, joined to the evidence of Mr. Bigelow's capacity as a teacher, and the long and justly established reputation of Dr. Read as a successful preceptor, all concur to recommend this seminary to the attention of Parents and Guardians, anxious to promote the education and improvement of the youth entrusted to their care, especially when they are further assured that the other departments of the College are provided with tutors fully adequate to their appointments, and unexceptionable moral characters. By order of the Board,
ROBERT HAMILTON, EBENEZER A. SMITH, JOHN RUMSEY, WILLIAM PRYCE, Committee. July 22, 1809.
Notice.
SUCH persons as are indebted to the estate of ESTHER YARNALL, deceased, either by bond, note, or book-debt, are requested to make immediate payment to John Warner and John Torbert, or either of them, who are legally authorised to receive the same. And those who have claims against said estate are requested to present them for settlement. William Warner, Ex'r. Feb. 11, 1809. tf
Notice
IS hereby given to all persons indebted to the late John Baldwin deceased, that they are required to make immediate payment of the several sums due from them—And all persons having any demands against the same are requested to present their accounts properly attested for payment to the subscriber, the executor of the last will and testament of the said John Baldwin.
John Baldwin. Wilmington, Sept. 13, 1809.
For Sale,
AT the Book-Store of M. R. LOCKERMAN Weems' Life of Washington, containing a fund of information and amusement.
An interesting history of the Knights Templars, their origin, character and persecution.
The history of the decline and fall of the Roman Empire, by Edward Gibbon; containing memoirs of his life and writings.
Patriotic sketches of Ireland, written in Canada, by Miss Owenson.
Poetic Trifles, by John Henry Mills, comedian.
The Wild Irish Girl, by Miss Owenson.
Montalbert a novel; Armenian or Ghost-Seeker; Joseph Andrews; Roderick Random; Charlotte Temple; the Drownded Wife; the Vicar of Wakefield; Blair's Lectures; Goldsmith's Rome; Jess's Surveying; Jackson's Book-keeping; the Clerk's Magazine; and a great variety of histories, voyages and travels, day-books, journals and ledgers, and writing-books of every description; writing paper, slates, scales and dividers, quills, inkstands, wafers, &c. &c.
* That scientific author speaking of the French and Indian wars about the time of Braddock's defeat describes the effect the news had in England thus:—Swift as the broad-winged packets could fly across the deep, the news was carried to England. Its effects there was like that of a stone rudely hurled against a nest of hornets. Instantly, from centre to circumference, all is rage and bustle....The hum resounds with the maddening insects; dark tumbling from their cells they spread the hasty wing, and shrill whizzing through the air, they rush to find the foe. Just so in the sea-rolling island, from gun-house to ale-house from king to cockney, all were astir for fight. Even the red-nosed porters, where they met, bending under their burdens, would stop, full but, in the streets, to talk of ENGLAND'S wrongs and, as they talked, their fiery snouts were seen to grow more fiery still, and more deform, throwing their packs to the ground and leaping into the attitude of boxers, with sturdy arms across and rough black jaws stretched out, they bend forward to the fancied fight! The frog-eating foe, in shimmer ruffs and long lank cue, seems to give ground, rising in their might, with fire striking eyes they press hard upon him, and coming in, hand and foot, with kick and cuff and many a hearty curse, they shew the goggling crown, how damn 'em! they would thump the French." September 6, 1809
James Gardner,
RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the public that he has removed his store to the east side of Market-street, one door above Spackman & Grubbs. (nearly opposite the post-office) where he has opened a large assortment of elegant Dry Goods among which are,
  Blue, black, brown, drab, corbeau, bottle green, grey, and dark mixed superfine cloths Marseilles quiltings Fustians and jeans Lute strings Sinshaw and Mantua silks   Cassimeres Bennet's patent cord Coatings and flannels Forest cloths Velvets and constitution cords Bevereens 7-8 and 4-4 Irish linens blue & yellow nankeens Wide and narrow cotton cassimeres Chintzes and gallicoes Cambric and common dimities Calimancoes Durant and Jones' spinning Cotton and worsted hosiery Colored, chambray, cambric, jackanet, mull-mull, India, British, book, garrah, bafta, & Jeno Muslins Silk & york tan gloves Bandanna and Madras handkerchiefs Cammel's hair shawls Checkered and striped linens Damask shawls Russia & dowlashians Rattinets & bombazine Red & green bookling baize Brown holland Suspenfers Urrellas & parasols Black satins and florantines Scissors & pen-knives Silk hose Gilt & plated buttons Oil cloths Trunks Morocco & kid shoes &c. &c.   N. B. Country Store Keepers supplied on the west terms for cash or the usual credit. 
James Gardner.

The following decree has been received by a commercial house in the city of New-York, from the American house at St. Petersburg, with a request that it may be published for the information of Merchants generally, and accompanied by the assurance that its provisions will be rigidly enforced; at the same time the government will give every indulgence and facility to the neutral vessel conforming thereto.
PETERSBURGH, June 14.
"It is universally known how firmly Russia has endeavored for ages to protect the trade of neutrals during the war carried on by European powers; it is notorious, with what courage that Empire has sheltered the interests of trading nations from the fury of the war. True to these unalterable principles, we entertained a hope that during the present rupture with England, the trade with allied nations would also offer no motive to them of a different direction. But the experience of last year has convinced us that the enemy has found means to misuse neutral bottoms for the benefit of his trade, and we feel accordingly obliged to adopt the following measures, in order to prevent it in future."
"1. Every captain who enters any of our ports, is bound to prove his ship or vessel to be neutral property by the passport, the bill of sale, and the log book, and the cargo to be sold by the charter party, the bill of lading, his own declaration, and a certificate of the origin of the goods, in cases where the whole or part of the cargo belongs to the captain or agent, and the ship has set sail from America or the West Indies, or is bound for those ports. Should any of those documents be wanting, the captain shall immediately leave the port, and not be permitted to discharge the cargo."
"II. Ships in port, laden with goods which can be proved to be the production of any enemy's country, shall be detained, the goods declared confiscated, and sold publicly in behalf of the crown. If the goods amount to more than one half of the cargo, not only the lading but the ship shall be declared confiscated."
"III. A passport given by a neutral, friendly, or allied power will not be sufficient for the justification of the captain, if any circumstances appear which do not agree with the passport, or if the name of the ship mentioned in the passport does not agree with that found in the other papers of the ship, unless it clearly appears that the papers have been duly signed by persons having the proper authority, in which case the difference in the names shall not make against the captain."
"IV. The passport given to the captain shall not be acknowledged legal, if the ship supplied with it shall not have been, at the time specified, in the port in the name of which the passport is given."
"V. When any ship, or cargo, captain, and more than one third of the crew, shall be subjects of an hostile power, or when on board any ship there shall be no muster roll, signed by the officers of the neutral place from which the ship sailed, the ship and cargo shall be declared confiscated to the use of the crown, but the crews shall be set at liberty."
"VI. If the passport produced by the captain shall be false, or forged, the ship and cargo shall be declared confiscated to the use of the crown, and the captain delivered over to justice to be proceeded against as a forger. The crew shall be set at liberty."
"VII. When in any ship double documents of different import are found, the ship and cargo shall be confiscated to the use of the crown. If the captain shall endeavor to defend himself, but bring no sufficient proofs, the ship shall be detained, and time, if requested, be granted to the captain to procure them from the place of his departure. If at the expiration of the time granted, he produces no proofs, the ship and cargo shall be confiscated."
"VIII. Every ship not built by a friendly power shall not be considered as neutral, unless it can be legally proved by its papers that it was bought or transferred before the declaration of war; if this does not appear, the ship and cargo shall be confiscated to the use of the crown."
"IX. If the master or captain of a ship shall be a native of a hostile nation, and have passports from a neutral or friendly power, these shall not avail him, unless they prove that he became the subject of, and resided with a neutral power before the declaration of war. On the failure of this proof the ship and cargo shall be confiscated to the use of the crown."
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
THE NEW WORLD.
No. I.
AN ENQUIRY INTO THE NATIONAL CHARACTER OF THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
The real character of every nation is a subject of interesting consideration. To themselves it is plain, that an enquiry into their circumstances and qualities as a political family, will have many of the precious
consequences of self-examination. To the rest of mankind, numerous monitions against evil or inducements to good may be offered by those, who faithfully conduct such investigations.
The present character of the people of the United States of America, as the only independent civilized nation of this quarter of the world, is peculiarly important and interesting. The northern part of the American continent which they inhabit, is much larger than all Europe—than all Christendom—than all the other parts of the civilized world. Their dominions are united in one connected body, combining the glowing region of the cane with those, where the rigor of the north forbids vegetation through half the year.
Their inland waters invite them to an early familiarity with the marine cradles, train them as in their primary nautical schools, and draw many of them on to meet all the changes of the inconstant ocean. The facilities of modern navigation, acquired by habit and improved by all the relative arts, have established the most intimate connexion between us, the younger children of civil polity, and all the people of the old world.
Their woods and forests draw many of the United Americans to the active chase, armed often against beasts of prey, teaching them at once the use of defensive arms, and to bear privations and fatigue, unknown to the mass of people of the European states.
The hardy exertions of agriculture often extend far beyond the hoe, the plough and the harrow. The American reprover is frequently required to rear his own buildings for man and beast. He must conquer the forest and the morass—laborious though gainful preparations for productive cultivation. In many of the states, the judicious agriculturist is always an improver. The most antient families, and those of the first intelligence, fortune and standing, as well as foreign emigrants of the latest years, are engaged in the settlement and improvement of contiguous or adjacent forests. Where lately every production of nature flourished in wilderness, there now the garden, the meadow, and the forest smile. This steady and extensive progress of ameliorating industry and skill, affects the mind, the body, and the character of man. Useful and necessary rural improvements offer to all the Americans a prudent and gainful employment for surplus income, producing often an habitual course of moralizing industry and economy. Anxious parents, in country life, see before them their children's prospects of rising in the world, where infant settlements, increasing with our honest labor, pervade the land. The existing generation have carved numerous countries and several of the states out of the howling of the wilderness. Thus are the Americans under the favor of Heaven, the creators of their own dwellings, their own farms, their own cities, towns and villages, their own goodly country and all that is therein.
COLUMBIANUS.
From the Same.
A Memoir on the subject of a Navigation Act, including the encouragement of the manufactory of boats and sea vessels, and the protection of marines.
The commencement, progress, magnitude, and prospects of the mercantile shipping of the United States.
A recurrence to the ancient writings, which relate to the colonial establishments in North America, will prove to the candid and judicious examiner, that the founders of these provinces, of whatever nation, which now composes the United States, took, for the time, very enlarged and prospective views of political economy.
In the course of that steady progress to the present happy condition, which a beneficent Providence has dispensed to us, the fathers of our country and its attentive observers beyond the Atlantic, have constantly agitated the interesting subject of the political economy of the new world.
From the birth of this country to the memorable epocha of '76, its political economy was modified by the hand of a jealous, interested and powerful brother. It was forgotten, or rather, perhaps, amidst a cloud of passions, not perceived, that each of the American sections was, at strict constitutional and public law, and in substantial justice, a genuine co-ordinate state of a federate empire—united only by means of one common executive government—the small as independent of the great, as the great of the great members of that mixt monarchical union.
Under these circumstances, the people of this country constantly observed, considered and judged well, in matters relative to their political economy. Their complaints against the evils, touching that object, imposed upon them by the elders of the fami-
ly, were founded in true wisdom, as well as substantial justice.
The public necessities, in the revolutionary war, entirely suspended the practical adherence to the right theory on this subject; but there are many evidences of a serious attention to that theory, among the public acts and dispositions of those times.
No sooner had peace removed the occasion of this wise temporary suspension, than the legislators of the several states, the framers of all commercial laws at that time, commenced measures for the permanent establishment of a system of political economy. It is true that these laws were imperfect, and often faulty, from the conflicting efforts of agricultural, commercial and manufacturing, and of eastern, middle, southern, Atlantic and western economists; from resentments and partialities in respect to foreign powers; and, above all, from the exercise of duties concerning national and extra territorial objects, by worthy, but zealous representatives of the interests of towns and countries, or, in other words, for want of powers in the general government of that time.
A memorable evidence of the convictions of some of the most able, enlightened and affectionate fathers of our country, upon this subject, will be found in the salutary and auspicious proceedings of the legislature of Virginia, in their spring session of 1786, which produced the commercial convention at the city of Annapolis in the following autumn, the federal convention of 1787, and our present invaluable constitution. This precious instrument, which has not yet received any amendment of its powers in relation to commerce, is predicated on the propriety, utility and necessity of a system of trade laws, founded on correct and fixed principles.
In digesting laws, for that branch of our political economy, which comprehends external commerce and navigation, the coasting trade and the fisheries, the United States will find themselves instructed by the experience of a quarter of a century, as a country in peace, during the last sixteen years of which they have been in a state of neutrality. Many, and precious, it is believed, are the lessons which our statesmen may derive from that extraordinary time.
It is ascertained that the construction and employment of sea vessels are generally profitable occupations; that they are necessary to agriculture and defence, and beneficial, and indeed requisite, to manufactures.
It will be remembered, that those occupations were commenced in the early stages of our existence, grew with our prosperity, contributed largely to its increase, and have risen sometimes in a natural, steady and regular manner, and sometimes with surprising rapidity, to a greater height than those of any other country, in proportion to our wealth and numbers, proving at once the fitness of the territories and products of the United States, and the capacities of their citizens for ship building, fishing, trade and navigation.
It is a truth which ought to be most accurately appreciated, that a very large part of our recent benefits from commerce, have been produced by the wars that have arisen out of the French revolutions, of which the neutrality of our country has enabled us greatly to profit; and we ought carefully to remember, that the earliest French revolution having affected the years '88, and '89, in the time of the meeting of the notables, and their first colonial disturbances, the whole of our commerce under the existing constitution of the United States, may be considered as that of a fortunate neutral, whose field of employment was at first enlarged, and afterwards constantly extended by the increase of the number of the belligerents, till at length it included all the civilized and commercial states, except ourselves.
If we compare the immense present tonnage of our private ships, with the greatest exports of our own produce and manufactures, and if we consider the moderate quantities of foreign commodities, which, in a season of peace, we ever have, or are ever likely to be permitted to carry for other nations, we may safely conclude, that our merchants and ship builders can provide for the transportation of all our merchandise, foreign and American, to transmarine markets. The same facts will further prove that, if we could have the monopoly of our own trade, it would not employ the vessels we build and own. It is, therefore, too probable, that, on the return of peace, our present vast property in ships, worth perhaps, fifty millions of dollars, will languish in our own hands. At least, the noble manufacture of ships is like to be arrested in a very inconvenient degree.
It is prudent to remember that severe trials to all, who were concerned in the construction and employment of ships, which were ingeniously and effectually created by the enforcement of the old, and the formation
of new laws of navigation by the European states, in the six distressing years which preceded the adoption of the federal constitution. Those serious times clearly prove to the anxious and enlightened friends of American trade, that our present tonnage will induce similar distresses, unhappily proportioned to its vast increase, unless the wisdom and goodness of a parental government shall save us from the evils which may come. An ambitious navy has become a favorite object thro'out Europe, and it is now every where perfectly understood, that private ships are the cradles of the marine nursery. Ingenuity and rigor, even beyond those of former times, must be expected to distinguish the formation and execution of foreign navigation laws. The unfavorable effects of such obvious measures, on the builders and owners of American ships, will be sure. Seriously forewarned by past times, and by the clear prospect of those to come, the faithful citizen of the United States turns with an affectionate confidence towards his own government for measures of effectual and timely provision against avoidable distress.—The mercantile shipping of the United States are the vehicles to transport the produce of the land to foreign markets, and to import the supplies of the people and government. If our merchants and ship builders should be exposed to ruin by a bad system of political economy, the owners and cultivators of the American soil will surely and deeply suffer with them.
If foreign governments would agree to the universal freedom of trade, this country would be required, by prudence and by justice to the mass of its citizens, to make the experiment of such a state of things. Our government, in that case, might say to the merchants, seamen and ship builders, the field of competition lies open before you. But the state of things is very different. Foreign nations are all now jealous and intelligent rivals, and will become unfeeling monopolizers, if they can lull, deceive or coerce their improvident neighbors.
If we consider the history of our own commerce and that of ancient nations, if we duly appreciate the utility of navigation and trade to the prosperity of agriculture and manufactures, and particularly if we reflect on the commercial avidity which has distinguished the commencement of the nineteenth century, we shall not probably fail to be convinced, that "a wise system of laws to support trade and mercantile manufactures, digested in the form of a navigation act," has really become absolutely necessary.
It is respectfully suggested, that the most salutary measure, which can be adopted, will probably be the immediate commitment of this important subject for deliberate and profound investigation. But though it will be necessary to await, with respect, the result of such an examination, it may be useful, here, to display, by a few examples, the nature of the provisions, which existing evils and impending dangers seem to require.
To be continued.
From the Same.
On the impolicy of English and French Restrictions on trade.
There can be no doubt but that both Great Britain and France have acted with the utmost impolicy in the restrictions imposed by them severally on commerce. A nation so ascendant as Britain in naval strength, in manufactures and commerce, would have best advanced her interests by removing every shackle to the freedom of trade. In this way the greatest demand would have been created for her goods and ships, which would, in all human probability have been increased by the activity of our competition. Our habits as well as ambition made us so decidedly an agricultural nation, that it may be assumed as certain, that we should for a century at least have principally employed our resources in that occupation, but for the trammels unjustly imposed upon foreign nations; in consequence of which we should have raised a larger surplus of raw materials and consumed a larger portion of British manufactures. Let us dwell for a few minutes on this topic, and estimate the probable gain of G. Britain by an adherence to such a policy. In the year 1790 there were imported into and consumed in the U. S. foreign commodities to the amount of sixteen millions of dollars. In the year 1800 the amount rose to thirty-four millions; since this period the increase has risen in an equal ratio. From these data it might, perhaps, be safe to conclude that the quantity of foreign goods consumed in the U. S. would double in every ten years, which would in twenty years produce a fourfold consumption. As, however, our consumption in a great measure depends on our ability, and as our ability has been very much increased by the peculiar state of Europe, which during the last sixteen years has considerably augmented the demand for our raw materials, we shall only assume the duplication of the consumption of foreign goods in twenty years. Of the aggregate of foreign goods consumed we know that more than a half come from England and her dependencies. We shall in our estimate take them at only one half. The following statement will present the prospective results for a century.
Consumption of British commodities in the U. States:—
In 1801, 17,000,000

  1820, 34,000,000   1840, 68,000,000   1860, 136,000,000   1880, 272,000,000   1900, 540,000,000 
Minds unaccustomed to economical investigations will be startled at these results, and may perhaps laugh at them as visionary. But when, on a patient examination, they shall find that in the year 1900 our population will be equal to one hundred millions, that the land in cultivation will be at least four hundred millions, and the total consumption of the American people exceed ten thousand millions of dollars in value, and that, consequently, the British commodities consumed here, large as they are represented, will not surpass a twentieth part of the aggregate consumption; all astonishment will cease.
Such, then, is the proud attitude in which the British government might have placed the British nation by adopting and adhering to a just and liberal policy as to us. Had she, by the fortune of war, have been deprived of all her colonies, and of the vast field which she might elsewhere have found for her enterprise, still, possessed of our good will and custom, she would have insured to herself the ingredients of a steady and rapid progress in wealth, numbers and power. By such a policy she would have become the permanent store-house of mankind; she would have conciliated the regard of a nation, which will indisputably a century hence be the most powerful on the face of the globe; and she would have been the constant pacificator of a troubled world. How different her career from that which she is now pursuing, and is too likely to pursue in future.
Now, she is not only a party to every war in Europe, but she is the author of many wars, which, but for her, would never occur. Now, the flagrant injustice with which she despotises on the ocean has enlisted almost the whole world against her, and furnished the powerful pretext, if not the actual lever by which Napoleon subverts empires at pleasure. Now, in short, she is generally looked upon as inimical to the opulence and power of every maritime state, many of which will, doubtless, seize the first favourable moments for retaliation and vengeance.
On the contrary, had she pursued the plain, honest, and enlightened policy we have pointed out, how different her present situation, and her future prospects! She would have been in the enjoyment of a profound peace, unmenaced by disturbance; and, instead of being the instigator, have been the beneficent mediator of the differences of surrounding and distant nations. Her justice on the ocean would have strengthened her power on that element, by uniting all the minor powers to her, and by totally depriving the emperor of the French of his only plausible argument for extending his conquests. Viewed as the enlightened friend of the just opulence and power of other states she would by her conduct most powerfully have inculcated the indisputable truth, that the permanent prosperity and true glory in one state, however ascendant in power or rich in native resources, are only placed on a durable foundation, by respecting the rights and interests of others.
To be continued.
The Gazette.
Wilmington, October 14, 1809.
Latest from England. —An arrival at New-York brings London papers to 31st of August and Liverpool papers to the 2d of September. The intelligence brought by this arrival is highly important. The grand expedition to the Scheldt has completely failed of success, and was about to return to England. The British army in Spain was taking measures for its safety, but serious apprehensions were entertained that it would not be able to effect its retreat. Ischia and Procida in the Bay of Naples, are evacuated by Sir John Stuart; and John Bull may emphatically be said to be drawing in his horns. The expeditions to Spain and the Scheldt are estimated at twelve millions of pounds sterling.
No doubt is entertained now of a continental peace. Turkey, it is supposed, is doomed to fall; and a conjoint effort of France and Russia is said to be meditating against India. Bonaparte was expected in Paris on the 15th of August, the anniversary of his birth day, from whence, it is said, he would proceed immediately for Spain, to assume the command of the French forces in that country.
It was reported that the British government had acceded to a proposition from France and Austria, to send an Ambassador to a Congress to be held for the purpose of negotiating a general peace—and Lord St. Helens was said to be actually nominated for that purpose.
The king of Prussia has lately paid six millions of francs more of the arrears of the contributions claimed by France; and Bonaparte has levied the enormous sum of 196,340,000 francs on the Austrian provinces.
These are only the outlines of the most prominent articles of intelligence. In our next we shall give details, and some interesting speculations of English editors.
English system of Finance. —The British funded debt, which at the commencement of the American war, did not exceed one hundred and forty millions of pounds sterling, now amounts to the enormous sum of six hundred and sixty-six millions—upwards of two thousand seven hundred millions of dollars. Of this immense sum it has been curiously calculated, that if it were laid down in a direct line of guineas, close to each other, it would extend upwards of twelve thousand miles! And by changing it into shillings, and averaging it in a similar manner, it would be sufficiently long to reach eleven times round the earth, and would require two hundred and
ten thousand horses to draw it, allowing each horse a thousand weight. If it be true, as the managers of these weighty measures assert, that "a national debt is a national blessing," it will follow that the British nation are supremely blest indeed; and their government may with truth be called a "most stupendous fabric of human wisdom." But however obvious the truth of these assertions may appear to royal expansive minds, it will be difficult to render them sufficient plain to the understanding of simple American farmers and mechanics, who still entertain the most inveterate prejudices in favor of republican simplicity and economy, and the old-fashioned rule of justice—notwithstanding the incessant and disinterested labours of the servants and advocates of this most perfect of all governments to enlighten their minds. They are in fact so incorrigibly ignorant of the blessings that flow from royalty, and so perversely prejudiced in favor of their own simple form of government, that those who are labouring to rescue them from the drudgery of governing themselves are treated with thanklessness and suspicion. When told of the superior wisdom of the British form of government, and the blessings of a national debt, the mind of every American of plain common understanding is led to contrast the economy of the two nations. By turning his attention to the economy of his own government, he discovers that the national debt, which was principally contracted during our struggle for independence, has, in the space of eight years, been lessened upwards of thirty millions of dollars. By adhering to the history of the British system of finance, he finds that their national debts contracted to carry on war, founded on ambition and injustice, has, during the same period, increased at the average of upwards of ninety millions of dollars per annum. The next enquiry that common sense and common honesty would naturally make, would be—how is this enormous debt to be paid? The advocates for the system would tell us that it is never to be paid, which makes it a public blessing: the public creditors do not expect the principal—they will be satisfied with the punctual payment of the interest. But how are the expences of government to be supported and the interests of the national debt to be regularly paid, which, at the rate of five per cent amounts to the enormous sum of one hundred and fifty millions of dollars annually—a sum at least one-third greater than the whole amount of gold and silver coin in the nation? To pay this sum of one hundred and fifty millions of dollars annually, the government must have an artificial capital of at least five hundred millions of dollars. This artificial capital is created by the emission of bank notes, issued on the credit of the government, and made payable in specie on demand; and from the evident inability of the government to pay a fourth part of the interest of its national debt in specie, it follows that it has long been in a state of insolvency, and that the moment the suspicion of the people is awakened the nation will become bankrupt. How long this awful crisis is likely to be averted by the economical administration of the government time alone must determine; but the following article, from the Richmond Enquirer, will show that an enquiry is now on foot which is likely to prove more interesting to the people of England than to the ministry:
BRITISH EXPENDITURES.
Col. Wardle, in the British House of Commons, on the 19th June, stated the burthens of the country, and the grievances from which he thought it might be relieved. In the course of his observations he said that the public expenditure in 1808, amounted to 71 millions of money, and from the survey of the estimates presented for 1809, it has increased to 79 millions. He proposed to make the following alterations by which enormous sums might be saved.
The regiments of horse guards and blues, which now consist of 22,000 men, he would reduce to 500, as they were only intended for parade.
There is at present 23,399 dragoons, which he would reduce to 15,000—this would save the country 1,276,000l. annually.
The foreign troops in the British service, amount to 22,078, the expense of this corps is 1,800,000 per annum. He would discharge these altogether, believing it to be bad policy, to employ foreigners.
The royal staff corps, he deemed useless, as their duty appertained to the engineers. The annual expense of this corps is 20,000l.
The militia of the united kingdom costs the country annually three millions; by allowing half the men to spend a month employed at the harvest 500,000l. might be saved.
The annual expense of the local militia was 1,218,000l. out of this 800,000l. was allowed for the staff, which he deemed a profligate expenditure.
The clothing of this corps cost 3l. per man, whereas a jacket and trousers being all that was necessary for uniform, might be procured for half a guinea, 700,000l. might be saved this way every year.
The volunteer force cost 1,000,000 per annum. This was useless; for the spirit of the country, and the attendant advantages on the service, such as exemption from ballot, &c. ought to be sufficient to induce men to enter into it.
The royal waggon train cost 48,932l. per annum. This is useless, because it can only be employed at home.
The staff of the army 449,649l. per annum. He could show that 200,000l. per annum might be saved.
The recruiting staff cost 349,000l. per annum, 100,000l. might be saved.
The expence of clothing the troops might be reduced, so as to save annually 135,000l.
In supplies for the troops 300,000l. per annum might be saved.
The clothing sent to the Spanish levies, might have been contracted for at a cheaper rate, and 100,000l. have been saved.
The military expenditure in    1806 was  117,314,420    1807  15,275,350    1808  15,296,539    1809  17,490,000  
The whole charge for collection of the revenue, in the present year, amounts to 2,916,516, one million might be saved by reducing the commissions, &c. to 3 per cent.
The duties levied in Ireland, amount to 5,551,650l. and the charge of collecting it was 528,033l. being at the rate of 9l. 10 per cent. A saving of 284,519l. might be made in this.
The post office revenue in Scotland, is collected at an expence of 12 per cent in the gross.
By abolishing the office of commissioners for auditing the public accounts, 75,000l. per ann. might be saved.
That several millions might be saved from the post-office, forifications, military roads, barracks, &c. &c.
It was supposed that 455,000,000 of the public money was unaccounted for, the money was always voted upon general estimates.
FOR THE GAZETTE.
"Tenere, sole exerto, diffugiant." For the consideration of the free and independent citizens of New-Castle county.
FELLOW CITIZENS, Your election now being over, I think it but fair and just that a discussion of the mode which has for so long a time confused and injured the republican party of our county should be brought before you; and some change made as it respects the future choice of members of the legislature and levy court.
The one lately adopted for selecting of sheriffs, has met with such universal applause, among the enlightened part of our citizens, as to induce a majority of them to believe, that it is the only mode that can be pursued in selecting members of the legislature and levy court—to preserve union in the party. The mode of delegation, since its first introduction, has never failed to produce turmoil among our republican friends; and why should we continue to pursue a system that has nearly, already, made our country the scorn of opposition? Must we go on to continue a measure so deleterious? Must we continue a system that is striking at the very foundation of our party? No, fellow-citizens, your own interests, respectability, and respect for the enlightened county of New-Castle forbids the idea!
The advocates of the delegation system, from the first time the intended change was agitated, have never failed to run upon your ears, unconstitutionality, destruction of party and every other argument, calculated for any but an enlightened people. To convince yourselves of the weakness and inconsistency of their arguments, look at the consequences of the measure— ubi quibus sunt jurisdictiones . Fellow-citizens, answer the following questions.
Have you since the delegation system has been in force, had as good a representation as when the party convened at some suitable time previous to the election and formed the ticket?
Did there not then exist more harmony in the party than at present?
These are questions that rest with yourselves to determine. For my own part I feel a veneration for Red-Lion meetings. I believe it is the best way we can effect a concentration of our force. But, what friend of republicanism could wish to see a measure continue, that is infusing corruption, and lessening the strength of the party in every hundred in the county?
The present election has given us a few instances, to our sorrow, of the doleful effects of this destructive system. We may be asked, why are not the hundreds more attentive to the selection of proper delegates? We can as readily answer that where there has been attention paid, delegates have went forward instructed by the candidate himself to vote in his favour, contrary to the intentions of a majority of the hundred; and in many instances have not attended—by which means the hundred has been deprived of her representation.
Are these not striking instances of the impropriety of the mode, though they are not all the inconveniences that attend it? Suppose one of the nomination declines serving—to be consistent, you ought to call all the delegates together, and elect another; or else you infringe upon your resolutions, as in the late case in New-Castle hundred—though the hundred selected. To have prevented trouble, and to have given every hundred in the county its due weight, how much better would it have been to have selected all in the same manner in the first instance.
Hundred selections would cure the present animosities existing among us. They would add strength to the party by giving us an abler representation. The people would soon feel their own importance. They would be less apt to deceive themselves, by voting in a direct manner—in propria persona —than if they voted for delegates. 'Tis well known they are, en masse , less liable to abuse a blessing than an individual. They would feel an emulation, which would naturally bring forth from the hundreds the ablest and best men. It would be attended with such ease and convenience to the hundreds, that every man would be alive to his interest. As for being unconstitutional is out of the question. The people in the county, on the contrary, are invested with power to take the best methods of making the selections from the same.
The county is to send three senators and seven representatives. The mode of choosing
they are to adopt themselves. And as for the yell about federalists voting, it is a mere fallacy: they can vote as soon for delegates, as for the member directly. To prevent this the meeting might be on a different day from that of the hundred election. There might be a day appointed for the special purpose.
Citizens of New-Castle county, why will you be inactive to effect a measure so essential to your liberties? Was there ever a time that required more union than the present? No—at all times, under a republican form of government, union is necessary for its safety. It must be acknowledged, it is not always in the power of a state, even where the people are the most virtuous, to check at once an evil: But where it is so grievous as the present, it behoves every citizen to step forward, to oppose the growing monster.
If you will examine history from the antient to the most modern times, it will afford you examples applicable to your own situation; and convince you of the dangers of corruption and its sad effects upon a free people. In every reign, from the first settlement of Greece to the present period of the world, you have examples of the necessity of a virtuous and wise legislature.
I hope the observations of Cicero does not apply to us. I will give them for your consideration. "As Cicero observes, superior merit was always exposed to persecution in the antient republics. Let no one have superior merit with us, said the Ephesians when they banished Hermodorus; if a man thinks himself eminent, let him go to another country. (Tusc. 5.) That absurd expression displays a sentiment which was at that time very common; but necessity made them regret the loss of men of abilities. Rome very soon became sensible that the want of Camillus could not be supplied." Read also the maxim of Constantius, the father of Constantine, given as a hint to apostates.
It has been the wholesome advice of the sages of every age, to have a strict regard to gratitude. Indeed it was considered so great a crime in Persia that it was punished with death.
This is a law I never wish to see in force with us—if it were, I am afraid New-Castle county would be depopulated.
There is also a proverb, that he that runs counter to rules of friendship should never be trusted again. The force and application of these last observations are obvious; and if properly attended to, cannot fail to make the proper impression. I have already exceeded my limits; and will therefore leave any further observations necessary to be made, for a future number.
TIMOTHEUS.
Real and Personal Estate.
TO be offered for sale, at public vendue, on Wednesday, the 25th inst. at 10 A. M. at the Dwelling House of the late Alexander M c Allister, deceased, in the borough of Wilmington, in Market street, two doors below the Lower market house—The real estate, being the three story Brick House lately built by the said deceased, and Lot of Ground thereto belonging, situated as aforesaid—The personal estate consisting of Beds, bedding, Desk drawers, Tables, and sundry articles of Household and Kitchen Furniture.
By order of the Executor of the deceased. Hance Naff, Auctioneer. October 14, 1809.
NOTICE.
NOTICE is hereby given to all persons that the Subscriber intends applying to the Legislature of the State of Delaware, at their sitting in January next, on behalf of the Heirs and legal Representatives of William Peery, deceased, and John Lanke, deceased, for the condemnation of a certain Mill stream on the head of Mill Creek, above Holland's mill, in Broadkiln Hundred, Sussex.
James Peery.
October 14, 1809.
Wilmington College Lottery.
THE seventh day's drawing will take place on Wednesday, the 6th of December next. At no stage of the lottery has there been an equal inducement to adventurers with the present. The chances for the highest prize has increased almost one third: and on the next day there will be a stationary prize of $150. The flattering prospects of gain, joined to the laudable object of the college, it is confidently hoped will induce such sales of the remaining tickets as will enable the trustees speedily to complete the drawing—the price of tickets is now $5 50, and will be increased on the next day's drawing.
Let it be remembered that so great a prospect of gaining $5000, and at the same time promoting the prosperity of so valuable an institution for the small sum of $5 50 will seldom if ever again occur!
October 14, 1809.
Was Found,
On the 2d instant, a Red Morocco Pocket Book, on the road between St. Georges and Cantwell's bridge. The owner may have it by applying to
Jacob Vandegrift.
Oct. 4, 1809.

POETRY. A SKETCH OF THE ALPS AT DAY-BREAK.
The sun-beams streak the azure skies, And line with light the mountain's brow; With hounds and horns the hunters rise, And chase the roebuck through the snow.
From rock to rock, with giant-bound, High on their iron poles they pass; Mute, lest the air convulsed by sounds Rend from above a frozen mass.
The goats wind slow their wonted way, Up craggy steps and ridges rude; Marked by the wild wolf for his prey, From desert cave or hanging wood.
And while the torrent thunders loud, And as the echoing cliffs reply, The huts peep o'er the morning-cloud, Perched, like an eagle's nest on high.
GRAY, sect. 5, let. 4
PRIDE—by Peter Pindar.
Be deaf, O man to the insinuations of Pride. It is the poisonous weed of the heart, that suffers not a flower of beauty or fragrance to bloom near it.
What can the wisest boast? Alas how little! Then pride be sparing of thy saucy spite; Nay, do not squit it in the humblest face: The wheel of fortune is forever turning; Jove's birth-day suit may soon be changed to morn- ing— Nimrods become the victims of the chase.
Yes, Pride, I hate thee, canker of our nature! Why look contemptuous on a fellow creature, Because it is a monkey or a pig? They too have qualities, or I'm mistaken: What man excels a hog in making bacon? What mortals, like a monkey, dance a jig?
What man from bough to bough like Jaco springs? Ingenious rogue!—who twists his tail, and swings! Dare we despise because they cannot preach? Forsythe, ungifted with the powers of speech? That were a joke indeed to make a song? Ah me! what numbers of the human race Most fortunately had escaped disgrace. Had HEAV'N forgot to give their mouth a Tongue!
In vain I preach—Pride laughs at all I say, Resolv'd, a fool, to keep her distant way!
In extraordinary specimen of generous Economy
Frank, who will any friend supply, Lend me ten guineas—come said I, Give me a pen; for, 'tis but fair You take my note—quoth he, hold there, Jack!—to the cash I've bid adieu; No need to waste my paper too.
There are passes in the Alps, where the guides tell you to move on with good speed, and say nothing, lest the agitation of the air should loosen the snows above
Miscellaneous.
EXTRAORDINARY HERMITAGE.
At a distance of a league from Freyburg, in Upper Saxony, in a wilderness of woods and rocks, is a remarkable hermitage, consisting of a church, an oratory, a steeple, a hall a dining room, a kitchen, chamber, stairs, a cellar, a well, and other conveniences, all hewn out of a rock; even the chimney and steeple, notwithstanding the latter is fifty four feet high. A work like this cannot fail of filling the mind of every spectator with astonishment: but when it is known that this work was wholly performed by only one man and boy, the astonishment will be greatly increased.—Nature has indeed provided a chrysal spring, but the artist, by means of several channels, conveyed the water from the rock into small reservoirs; and he also fetched from different parts of the mountain, earth sufficient to make a small kitchen garden. Every one must be pleased at the sight of this surprising curiosity; nor is it possible to suppress a sigh for the fate of its unhappy and ingenious architect; who in the year 1703, in conveying back some young people, who had attended the consecration of his little church, was unhappily drowned in the River Seine, which runs near his hermitage, and on which by the help of a small boat, he used every week to fetch provisions and other necessaries from the cities."
MATERNAL AFFECTION.
A sailor of Martinique married a
young woman, as virtuous as she was beautiful—and she, having expended all the little money her husband had left her before he embarked, had recourse to a wealthy citizen, to whose protection she had been confided. The citizen, inflamed with the charms of the fair borrower, demanded, as the price of his services, the surrender of her virtue. Relying on the hope of her husband's return, and shuddering with indignation at the proposal, the insulted woman refused without hesitation. The sailor did not arrive; and in a few days, all the resources of this unhappy wife were exhausted; want too clearly made her sensible of her situation—she was a mother! and dreading to behold one infant perish at that breast which had nourished it, and the other, whose maturity demanded bread, expire of hunger before her, she sought the tyrant again in hopes of softening him. But prayers and tears could obtain nothing from the barbarian—she was forced to capitulate—and vanquished by necessity, she permitted him to come to supper with her. After a meal which was spiritless, the citizen pressed her to fulfill her promise.—the poor woman took him to the cradle where her child was sleeping—and then pressing it to her bosom, her eyes full of tears, she said to it—"Drink, my dear babe! drink freely; thou yet receivest the milk of a virtuous woman, whom necessity alone stabs to the heart. To-morrow, for alas! I cannot wean thee—to-morrow, thou wilt drink the milk of an unhappy"—her tears finished the sentence. The citizen beheld—and was moved at the sight. Throwing his purse at her feet he exclaimed—"It is not possible to resist so much virtue!"
THE TWO JEWS.
Two old Jews who go about London, dealing in old cloathes, passing by a gentleman's stable, were so fascinated by a couple of jackets belonging to two postilions, that they could not resist the temptation of adding them to their stock in trade. While they were secreting their prize, the owners returned from a public house where they had been drinking a pot of porter, and saw the whole transaction. They rushed out, seized the Israelites, locked them up in the stable, and went in quest of certain things which promised better sport than a prosecution. They returned, tied the two Jews face to face, and matted together their two beards, smeared with warm shoemakers wax. As soon as the wax was cold, and a sufficient number of spectators had gathered together to view this fraternal Jewish hug, the postilions at intervals applied a few pinches of snuff, which caused such a concussion of noses, and such a sneezing and spluttering in each other's faces, that while it inflicted the severest punishment on the thieves, the spectators were highly pleased with this specimen of their distributive justice.
MASONIC.
At the late assizes for the county of Tyrone, held at Omagh, an action was brought by Alexander Seton, Esq. a barister at law, against a Mr. William F. Graham, of Omagh, and which was tried before Judge Dalw, and a special jury.—The declaration alledged, that the plaintiff brought his action against the defendant for defamation, and the publication of three several libels—the first a resolution, dated, 2d April 1807, of the grand lodge of free masonry in Ireland, stating that Alexander Seton, had been expelled the grand lodge and masonry in general: the second cautioning the brethren against receiving or sanctioning certificates signed A. Seton, dated since the first of May 1806, as he had not held any office under the grand lodge since that pe-
riod—and the third being the resolutions of the grand lodge of England, dated London, Sept. 2, 1807, stating that the grand Lodge of England would not on any account receive or acknowledge any certificate issued by one under the hand of said Alexander Seton, dated any time subsequent to the 5th of June, 1806, nor should any person by virtue of such certificate be thereby received into any lodge under the grand lodge of England. The plaintiff laid his damages at 2000!; and the defendant pleaded the general issue. The case was stated, on the part of the plaintiff, by counsel, Roleston, who, at great length, expatiated on the injury done to the character and property of the plaintiff by thus stating to the public his expulsion from so ancient and respectable a society, and the natural ignominy and disgrace that would attach to the character, if the jury did not in damages prove to the contrary, and to the society, the falsehood of such a charge, and which only could be done by their verdict. The learned council also stated, that by this action the right of the plaintiff would be proved to the situation of the deputy grand secretaryship to the free masons of Ireland, and thereby instruct the members of the order where they ought to apply for such masonic documents as they had occasion for, the defendant having assumed upon himself the situation, and thereby claiming the fees that were attached to the office, and also in that right publishing and circulating the libels on which the present action was founded. The plaintiff then proved the publication and circulation of the alledged libels, and after the examination of several witnesses, closed his case.
The learned judge then intimated that the plaintiff should be non-suited—and the plaintiff having stated his determination to appear, and not submit but leave the question to a jury of his country, the defendant's counsel, declared that out of respect to the court, they would not state any case, nor call any evidence.
The Judge, after a most able and eloquent charge, and having gone into every minutiae, of the evidence, directed the jury to find for the defendant. The jury retired, and after some consideration, brought in a verdict for the defendant, with 61. costs thereby allowing the right of the grand lodge, and justness and propriety of publishing the expulsion of its members, and clearly ascertaining the defendant to be its proper officer.
Lon. Pap.
TO BE SOLD,
At Public Vendue,
ON THURSDAY the 26th INSTANT, on the premises, a Plantation, situate in Mill-Creek Hundred, New-Castle County, and State of Delaware, bounded by lands of Wm. Jordan and others, and containing 200 acres, more or less, well proportioned in woodland, upland and meadow. There are on the premises a good log house, and several never-failing springs of excellent water. It will be sold separate or altogether, at may best suit the purchaser.
Also, for Sale,
At the time and place aforesaid, a tract of land adjoining the abovenamed plantation and lands of James Mendenhall and others, whereon is erected a Log House and Frame Barn, 30 by 40 feet. Mill-Creek runs through a part of this place, and there is a never-failing spring of good water near the dwelling house. This place, also, contains a suitable proportion of woodland and meadow. The above described property is situated within 7 miles of Wilmington, and 5 of Newport, and the Gap and Newport Turnpike road will run through it. It is thought unnecessary to be more particular in description, as it is presumed persons inclining to purchase will first desire to view the premises. An indisputable title will be given. The sales will commence at TEN O'CLOCK on said Day, and conditions will be made known, by
Robert McBeath.
October 11, 1809.
50 Dollars Reward.
RAN away from the Camp Meeting, in Worcester County, on Monday the twenty-eighth of August last, a NEGRO MAN named ISRAEL, upwards of thirty years of age, about six feet high, with a very bright yellow complexion, the property of Miss Polly Elzey of Somerset county, and hired the present year by the subscriber to James Turpin, of Somerset. Any person who will take up said Negro and secure him so that the owner gets him again, shall, if taken out of the state, receive the above reward, and if taken in the state, and out of the county, Twenty-Five dollars—and if taken in the county, Fifteen dollars, to be paid by
Robert Elzey.
Somerset County, Princess Ann, } September 12, 1809. 91.
One Hundred and Fifty Dollars Reward.
RAN away from the subscriber, living in Somerset county, state of Maryland, a negro fellow named PHILIP BROWN, about five feet eight or nine inches high; a little knock-kneed, a blacksmith by trade, has a yellowish complexion, and is a handy sensible fellow at any business; had on when he went away a country made over jacket, striped with red and black; a pair of country made long trowsers, dyed a dark colour, old hat, shoes, and tow linen shirt. Whoever takes up the said negro and brings him to me shall have the above reward if taken out of the state of Maryland.
LAMBERT HYLAND.
September 9. 4w
For Sale, or Rent,
A FARM within two miles of Port-Penn, on the main road leading to that place: it contains seventy or eighty acres of woodland, forty-two acres of marsh, in the Augustine Marsh Company, the residue plough-land of a good quality. There is two tenement houses and a new frame barn on the premises. The mansion house will want some repairs to make it comfortable. Should the property not be sold by the 1st of November next, it will then be rented for a term of years. Also, for sale, or rent, Eleven acres in grass lots adjoining the town of New-Castle. For terms, apply to JOHN STOCKTON in Wilmington.
August 30, 1809. 1 p. w. till 1 Nov
A NEW REPUBLICAN PAPER, Political, Commercial, and Historical, To be published Daily for the City, and twice a week for the Country, WILL BE COMMENCED On the first day of November next, under the title of
The Columbian,
And delivered at the yearly price of Eight Dollars for the City, and Four for the Country paper—payable in all cases half in advance.
THE OBJECTS OF THE COLUMBIAN WILL BE, To maintain and vindicate the rights and immunities of the United States, as a free, sovereign and independent nation, against the pretensions, the violations, and the aggressions of any and every foreign power. To support the constitution and government of the United States, and of the individual states, in their several and distinct provinces; and to sustain and uphold the liberties of the people.
To defend the privileges and measures of the general government, as administered under Mr. Jefferson, and continued by Mr. Madison, and of the present administration of this state under Mr. Tompkins. To disseminate correct and useful American sentiments, and to subscribe and cherish the republican systems and institutions of the United States.
To cultivate and promote the union, the harmony, and the prosperity of the republican party in this country, and to discountenance and oppose whatever local partialities and personal collisions may threaten to impair or jeopardize its interests.
AND FINALLY, To contain such mercantile, historical, and agricultural information, occasionally variegated with literary and miscellaneous pieces as shall best fulfil the usual purposes of a newspaper, and gratify the hopes and expectations of its patrons.
The foregoing outlines, it is presumed, are sufficiently distinct and expressive of the purposes for which the COLUMBIAN is to be established, to enable every reader to decide on the degree of encouragement to which the attempt is entitled. Subscriptions will be received by post-masters and other holders of proposals in the different parts of the state.
The names of the subscribers are requested to be returned previous to the day of publication, directed to the Editor, at Hudson, or at the Post-Office, New-York; and the papers will be regularly forwarded, by mail or other conveyance, agreeable to direction.
Charles Holt.
New-York, September 5, 1809. 22—6t
Subscriptions to the COLUMBIAN received at the Office of the Delaware Gazette.