The Massachusetts spy (Boston [Mass.]), 1771-08-22 00:00:00

THE Massachusetts Spy
A Weekly, Political, and Commercial PAPER :--Open to ALL Parties, but Influenced by None.
Published by I. THOMAS, in Union-Street, Boston.
8 1916
VOL. I.]
THURSDAY, August 22, 1771.
[NUMB. 25.]
For the MASSACHUSETTS SPY.
Mr. THOMAS,
It is of the utmost importance to a community, that the people in general should understand the real difference between a lawful King and a Tyrant: Originals in your paper upon this now very interesting subject, though wrote with delicacy, good sense, and judgment, frequently produce a snarling, a search is made for the authors by persons of Monkey and Spaniel faculties, who endeavour to ridicule them and their performances, perhaps they are rewarded by stroking over the head, spitting in the mouth, or the promise of a bone. To spoil their sport I have transcribed from the great Mr. LOCKE the following piece upon TYRANNY, and pray you to publish it in your next Paper.
Usurpation is the exercise of power, which another hath a right to; so tyranny is the exercise of power beyond right, which no body can have a right to. And this is making use of the power any one has in his hands; not for the good of those who are under it, but for his own private separate advantage. When the Governor, however instituted, makes not the law, but his will, the rule; and his commands and actions are not directed to the preservation of the properties of his people, but the satisfaction of his own ambition, revenge, covetousness, or any other irregular passion.
If one can doubt this to be truth, or reason, because it comes from the obscure hand of a subject, I hope the authority of a King will make it pass with him. King James in his speech to the Parliament, 1603, tells them thus; I will ever prefer the weal of the public, and of the whole commonwealth, in making of good laws and constitutions to any particular and private ends of mine. Thinking ever the wealth and weal of the commonwealth, to be my greatest weal and worldly felicity; a point wherein a lawful King doth directly differ from a tyrant. For I do acknowledge, that the special and greatest point of difference that is between a rightful King, and an usurping tyrant, is this, that whereas the proud and ambitious tyrant doth think, his kingdom and people are only ordained for satisfaction of his desires and unreasonable appetites; the righteous and just King doth by the contrary acknowledge himself to be ordained for the procuring of the wealth and property of his people. And again in his speech to the Parliament, 1609. he hath these words: The KING binds himself by a double oath, to the observation of the fundamental laws of his kingdom. Tacitly, as by being a King, and so bound to protect as well the people as the laws of his kingdom, and expressly by his oath at his coronation; so as every just King, in a settled kingdom is bound to observe that position made to his people by his laws in framing his Government agreeable thereto, according to that position which God made with Noah, after the deluge. Hereafter, seed-time and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease while the earth remaineth. And therefore a King governing in a settled kingdom, leaves to be a King, and degenerates into a tyrant as soon as he leaves off to rule according to his laws. And a little after: Therefore all Kings that are not tyrants, or perjured, will be glad to bound themselves within the limits of their laws. And they that persuade them the contrary, are vipers, pests both against them and the commonwealth. Thus that learned King who well understood the notions of things, made the difference betwixt a King and a tyrant to consist only in this, that one makes the laws the bounds of his power, and the good of the public, the
end of his government; the other makes all give way to his own will and appetite.
It is a mistake to think this fault is proper only to monarchies; other forms of government are liable to it, as well as that: For wherever the power that is put in any hands for the government of the people, and the preservation of their properties in applied to other ends, and made use of to impoverish, harass, or subdue them to the arbitrary and irregular command of those that have it: There it presently becomes tyranny, whether those that thus use it are one or many. Thus we read of the thirty tyrants at Athens, as well as one at Syracuse; and the intolerable dominion of the Decemviri at Rome was nothing better.
Wherever law ends, tyranny begins, if the law be transgressed to another's harm. And whosoever in authority exceeds the power given him by the law, and makes use of the force he has under his command, to compass that upon the subject which the law allows not; ceases in that to be a magistrate, and acting without authority, may be opposed as any other man, who by force invades the right of another. This is acknowledged in subordinate magistrates. He that hath authority to seize my person in the street, may be opposed as a thief and a robber, if he endeavours to break into my house to execute a writ, notwithstanding I know he has such a warrant, and such a legal authority as will empower him to arrest me abroad. And why this should not hold in the highest, as well as in the most inferior magistrate, I would gladly be informed. Is it reasonable that the eldest brother, because he has the greatest part of his father's estate, should thereby have a right to take away any of his younger brothers portions? Or that a rich man who possessed a whole country should from thence have a right to seize when he pleased the cottage and garden of his poor neighbour? The being rightfully possessed of great power and riches exceedingly beyond the greatest part of the sons of Adam, is so far from being an excuse, much less a reason for rapine and oppression, which the endamaging another without authority, is, that it is a great aggravation of it. For the exceeding the bounds of authority is no more a right in a great than a petty officer; no more justifiable in a King than a Constable. But so much the worse in him, as that he has more trust put in him, is supposed from the advantage of education, and Counsellors to have better knowledge and less reason to do it, having already a greater share than the rest of his brethren.
May the commands then of a prince be opposed? May he be resisted as often as any one shall find himself aggrieved, and but imagine he has not right done him? this will unhinge and overturn all politics, and instead of government and order, leave nothing but anarchy and confusion.
To this I answer: That force is to be opposed to nothing but to unjust and unlawful force; whoever makes any opposition in any other case, draws on himself a just condemnation both from God and man; and so no such danger or confusion will follow, as is often suggested.
First, As in some countries, the person of the Prince by the law is sacred; and so whatever he commands, or does, his person is still free from all question or violence, not liable to force, or any judicial censure or condemnation. But yet opposition may be made to the illegal acts of any inferior officer or other commissioned by him; unless he will by actually putting himself into a state of war with his people, dissolve the government, and leave
them to that defence which belongs to every one in the state of nature. For of such things who can tell what the end will be? And a neighbouring kingdom has shewed the world an odd example. In all other cases the sacredness of the person exempts him from all inconveniences whereby he is secure whilst the government stands, from all violence and harm whatsoever. Than which there cannot be a wiser constitution. For the harm he can do in his own person, not being likely to happen often, nor to extend itself far, nor being able by his single strength to subvert the laws, nor oppress the body of the people, should any Prince have so much weakness and ill-nature as to be willing to do it, the inconveniency of some particular mischiefs that may happen some times when a heady Prince comes to the throne, are well recompensed by the peace of the public and security of the government, in the person of the Chief Magistrate thus set out of the reach of danger. It being safer for the body, that some few private men should be sometimes in danger to suffer, than that the head of the republic should be easily, and upon slight occasions exposed.
Secondly, But this privilege belonging only to the King's person, hinders not but they may be questioned, opposed, and resisted, who use unjust force, though they pretend a commission from him, which the law authorises not. As is plain in the case of him that hath the King's writ to arrest a man, which is a full commission from the King; and yet he that hath it cannot break open a man's house to do it, nor execute this command of the King upon certain days, nor in certain places, though this commission have no such exception in it, but they are the limitations of the law, which if any one transgresses, the King's commission excuses him not. For the King's authority being given him only by the law, he cannot empower any one to act against the law, or justify him, by his commission in so doing. The commission, or command of any magistrate, where he has no authority, being as void and insignificant as that of any private man. The difference between the one and the other, being that the Magistrate has some authority so far, and to such ends, and the private man has none at all. For it is not the commission, but the authority that gives the right of acting; and against the laws there can be no authority. But, notwithstanding such resistance, the King's person and authority are still both secured, and so no danger to Governor or Government.
Thirdly, Supposing a government wherein the person of the Chief Magistrate is not thus sacred; yet this doctrine of the lawfulness of resisting all unlawful exercises of his power, will not upon every slight occasion endanger him, or imbroglio the Government. For where the injured party may be relieved, and his damages repaired by appeal to the law, there can be no pretence for force, which is only to be used where a man is intercepted from appealing to the law. For nothing is to be accounted hostile force, but where it leaves not the remedy of such an appeal. And it is such force alone that puts him that uses it into a state of war, and makes it lawful to resist him. A man with a sword in his hand demands my purse in the high-way, when perhaps I have not 12d. in my pocket; this man I may lawfully kill. To another I deliver 100 l. to hold only whilst I alight, which he refuses to restore me when I am got up again, but draws his sword to defend the possession of it by force, if I endeavour to retake it. The mischief this man does me, is a hundred or possibly a thousand times more than the other perhaps intended me, (whom I killed
before he really did me any) and yet I might lawfully kill the one, and cannot so much as hurt the other lawfully. The reason whereof is plain; because the one using force, which threatened my life, I could not have time to appeal to the law to secure it: And when it was gone, it was too late to appeal. The law could not restore life to my dead carcass. The loss was irreparable; which to prevent, the law of nature gave me a right to destroy him who had put himself into a state of war with me, and threatened my destruction. But in the other case, my life not being in danger, I may have the benefit of appealing to the law, and have reparation for my 100 l. that way.
Fourthly, But if the unlawful acts done by the magistrate, be maintained (by the power he has got) and the remedy which is due by law, be by the same power obstructed; yet the right of resisting, even in such manifest acts of tyranny, will not suddenly, or on slight occasions, disturb the government. For if it reach no farther than some private men's cases, though they have a right to defend themselves, and to recover by force, what by unlawful force is taken from them; yet the right to do so, will not easily engage them in a contest wherein they are sure to perish; it being as impossible for one or a few oppressed men to disturb the government, where the body of the people do not think themselves concerned in it, as for a raving mad man, or heady male-content to overturn a well settled state, the people being as little apt to follow the one as the other.
But if either these illegal acts have extended to the majority of the people, or if the mischief and oppression has light only on some few, but in such cases, as the precedent and consequences seem to threaten all, and they are persuaded in their consciences that their laws, and with them their estates, liberties, and lives are in danger, and perhaps their religion too; how they will be hindered from resisting illegal force, used against them, I cannot tell. This is an inconvenience, I confess, that attends all governments whatsoever, when the Governors have brought it to this pass, to be generally suspected of their people, the most dangerous state they can possibly put themselves in, wherein they are the less to be pitied, because it is so easy to be avoided. It being as impossible for a Governor, if he really means the good of his people, and the preservation of them and their laws together, not to make them see and feel it; as it is for the father of a family not to let his children see he loves and takes care of them.
But if all the world should observe pretences of one kind, and actions of another; arts used to elude the law, and the trust of prerogative (which is an arbitrary power in some things left in the Prince's hand to do good, not harm to the people) employed contrary to the end for which it was given, if the people shall find the ministers and subordinate magistrates chosen suitable to such ends, and favoured, or laid by proportionably as they promote, or oppose them: If they see several experiment made of arbitrary power, and that religion understand favoured, though publickly proclaimed against, which is readiest to introduce it, and the operators in it supported as much as may be; and when that cannot be done, yet approved still and liked the better, and a long train of actions shew the councils all tending that way: How can a man any more hinder himself from being persuaded in his own mind, which way things are going; or from calling about how to save himself, then he could from believing the captain of the ship he was in, was carry-

ing him and the rest of the company to Al- giers, when he found him always steering that course, though cross winds, leaks in his ship, and want of men and provisions did often force him to turn his course another way for some time, which he steadily returned to a gain, as soon as the wind, weather, and other circumstances would let him?
AMERICAN INTELLIGENCE.
CHARLESTOWN [South-Carolina] July 22.
THE Spaniards of Hispaniola complain of the French encroaching on their territory; very lately they entered a plantation, cut down the coffee-trees, ransacked the dwelling house, and maltreated the owner. On which the French Governor sent an officer, with two companies of grenadiers, and the Maracheusle, who not only dispossessed the Spaniards, but carried fifty of them to Cape Francois, where they were sent to the common gaol.
WILLIAMSBURGH, [Virginia] July 18. Extract from the journal of the Honourable HOUSE OF BURGESSES. Friday July 12. Resolved, Nemine Contradicente , That the thanks of this House be given to the Rev. Mr. Henley, the Rev. Mr. Gwatkin, the Rev. Mr. Hewitt, and the Rev. Mr. Bland, for the wise and well-timed opposition they have made to the pernicious project of a few mittaken clergymen, for introducing an American Bishop; a measure by which much disturbance, great anxiety, and apprehension, would certainly take place among his Majesty's faithful American subjects; and that Mr. Richard Henry Lee, and Mr. Bland, do acquaint them therewith.
PHILADELPHIA, August 8. The report of a party of men being cut off, who were dispatched from Northampton county with provisions for our people in the blockhouse at Wyoming, who are besieged by the Connecticut party, appears, by the following extract of a letter (which came to town last Tuesday morning by express) from the person who commanded the convoy, to be entirely without foundation.
"Last Tuesday, about break of day I arrived at this place, with 31 men, and the provisions; and was attacked by the Connecticut party, who had information of our coming, by a letter falling into their hands, with which an Indian was sent by Capt. Ogden. We were surrounded by their fire, and lost 2 horse loads of our flour, and got in with the remainder, and 22 men, two of whom are wounded. Nine of our men are missing; whether they retreated, or are killed, I cannot as yet get information. They have kept an almost continual fire upon the blockhouse ever since, from four intrenchments, but we are resolved to hold out to the last extremity. I am, Sir, your humble servant, Wyoming, August 1, 1771. JOHN DICK."
Friday last a labouring man of this city, having taken a draught of cold water, was so overcome, that he presently after dropped down, and it was thought would have died, had not a person present forced a quantity of rum down his throat, by which means he soon recovered.
Last Monday a woman, with a young child going to her husband, who was at work about two miles from this city, stopped at a house, took a draught of water, and immediately complained of being very unwell, when she was persuaded to walk along, in hopes of getting better, but had not gone far, before she fell down dead upon her child; which, in all probability, would soon have been suffocated, had it not been for two men that luckily came by, and removed the body; the child was very much hurt by the fall.
And on Tuesday night a young hearty Negro man, being warm at work on board a Bermudian sloop, is supposed to have drank a draught of cold water, which occasioned his death in a few minutes, notwithstanding all that could be done to prevent it.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in North-Carolina, to his correspondent in this city, dated July 3.
"I wrote you some time past, by Capt. Dyer, and mentioned our friend [He is a man of unblemished character, and in affluent circumstances] being in confinement at Hills-
borough, to have his trial at the Court of Oyer and terminer, held there (to which place, being eighty miles distant from his home, he was dragged; his desk broke open, and all his papers taken out) but upon inquiry it was found there would not be sufficient cause to indict him. His Excellency did not think proper to discharge him, nor admit him to pass an examination, (the Court being then open) or give bail for his appearance at any further one, but ordered him down to Wilmington, in custody of the detachment that was returning home, and yesterday he gave security for his appearance to the next Superior Court, and set out for his family at Cross Creek.
"Never was there a poor man so tyrannically treated; the accusation, or suspicion, was founded on the most trifling circumstances: The affidavit against him, in the opinion of almost every person that had heard it, is false. Yet such has been the effects of malice or despotism, that the inquisition itself could scarcely persecute a man with more severity.--- During his confinement (under guard in irons) at Hilsborough, there were six men hanged, and six more condemned, who were reprieved under the gallows: He was paraded under guard to the gallows, and from there back again, like a criminal, only not tied: He was three weeks kept in confinement and harassed in this manner, notwithstanding indisputable security was offered for him, and then hurried down 200 miles to Wilmington, to be delivered to a magistrate, and none else allowed to take his cognizance."
NEW-YORK, August 12. On Tuesday last Mr. Jacobus Rotevelt, of this city, being in health, and no other ways heated than by the weather, which was extremely hot, drank pretty freely of cold water from the well in his sugar house yard he was presently after seized with a violent pain in the stomach, and aching in the bones, which obliged him to go to bed; physicians were sent for, and proper medicines administered, but his illness continued till the next day, (Wednesday) 11 o'clock, when he grew better and the doctors had hopes of his recovery; but about 12 o'clock he was seized with violent pains as before, and in a very short time expired; soon after which his flesh turned yellow, as in a jaundice. He was a bachelor, bore an excellent character, was universally beloved and esteemed, and is as generally lamented by all his acquaintance.
Tuesday last a woman in this city, being in a perfect state of health, having drank a draft of cold water, was suddenly seized with a fit, and expired in a few minutes after.
The Thursday following one Smith, who was a cryer at a Vendue-House in this town, by drinking cold water, when he was overheated, was soon after taken ill, and died a short time afterwards.
NEWPORT, [Rhode-Island] August 12. Yesterday arrived here Capt. Harrison in a fishing sloop from Gaspee, by whom we understand that the vessels from this port have had good success.
Next Monday the hon. General Assembly of this colony are to meet at East-Greenwich, by adjournment.
PORTSMOUTH, August 7. Many people in the country have died in the course of the last three weeks, some with overheating themselves the very hot days, others with drinking too much rum at the same time, and a few it is said by drinking too much cold water.
NEW YORK, August 15. We hear from Albany, that Sir William Johnson is now holding a congress at his seat at Johnson-Hall with the chiefs of the six nations, in consequence of some important intelligence he has received from the southward.
It appears by the Virginia papers, that in the dreadful freshes, about 3 millions 400 thousand pounds of tobacco, were destroyed in the public warehouses on James and Rappahannock rivers, and that to relieve the sufferers, the assembly have passed an act whereby they are entitled to receive from 16/8 to 20/ per hundred for the said tobacco, according to its quality. To raise this money the following taxes are laid, viz.
Upon every 4 wheeled carriage, except waggons, 20s. every two wheeled chaise or chair 10s. every ordinary licence 20s. on every original writ, or subpoena in chancery in the general court, 2s. 6d. every summons or petition for lapsed land, and every caveat en-
tered in the Secretary's office, also for every such writ or subpoena in an inferior court 1s. 3d. on every hoghead of tobacco rolled and delivered to be shipped after the 25th of October next 3s. and because the said taxes cannot be immediately collected, the Treasurer is empowered to issue treasury notes to the amount of 30 000 l. redeemable the 10th of December, 1775.
They have also passed an act to erect an elegant marble statue of his late Excellency the Right Hon Norborne Barone de Botetourt, with proper inscriptions, expressing the house's grateful sense of his Lordship's prudent and wise administration, and solicitude to perpetuate the remembrance of those many public and social virtues which adorned his character; and a committee is appointed to send for it to Great Britain.
SALEM, August 20. Last Thursday a boy in this town, about nine or ten years old, in reaching over the curb of a well, about 30 feet deep, pitched in, fell head foremost to the bottom, where there was 2 or 3 feet of water, and got out again (a considerable part of the way without any assistance) with receiving very little hurt.
In raising the frame of a dwelling-house, yesterday afternoon, some part of it gave way while the workmen were getting up the roof, when all the frame inside fell and about 40 persons, who were mostly upon the third story, came tumbling down, miraculously, with timber, joist, and boards, quite to the lower floor, and several of them into the cellar: But, by a very signal interposition of providence, no lives were lost, nor even any bones broke, one or two were stunned, who soon recovered, and some were bruised.
THURSDAY, August 22. BOSTON.
ON Friday last his Excellency was pleased further to prorogue the Great and General Court to the 6th day of November next, then to meet at Harvard College in Cambridge.
We hear that not one Pennsylvania Journal due last post from New-York, has reached this town, besides one under seal to Mr. Foxcroft, Deputy Post Master General. It is supposed the friends of government have stopped them, perhaps on account of the very interesting and particular relation of the Alliance expedition, in which the celebrated Governor Tryon's conduct is probably very truly narrated. This account we hope to procure by next week.
A fine pilot boat, built in this town, for North Carolina, sailed on Tuesday last for Cape Fear.
From Bermuda, we learn, that there has been a very great drought there, and that for almost five months together they had no rain.
Yesterday afternoon a young child, daughter of Mr. Andrew Gillispie, tobacconist, about two years old, fell into a tub of water and was unfortunately drowned.
On Tuesday four men, three of whom we hear were petty officers, belonging to the Swan sloop of war, lately arrived here from England, were whipped from ship to ship, for detention. We are told they are to receive 500 lashes each, 100 to be administered to each man weekly, for five weeks.
By Captain Laha from Halifax, we learn that Capt. Hodgson, in the Ship Briton, lately arrived there in seven weeks from England.
Monday evening two disorderly women, not long since imported hither, who hired one small room, took in a soldier to lodge, whom it seems they robbed of five dollars, which he on application to a Justice recovered.
Admiral Montagu, made a visit to this place in the year 1743, being then a Captain of a ship of war; he brought with him the reimbursement made by Parliament of the expense this province was at in reducing Louisbourg in the year 1745: He tarried here a few days, and being handsomely rewarded by the province returned to England. That successful expedition to Louisbourg was the means of restoring peace to Europe. From the treatment the colonies have since had from the British administration, one would think, that their signal services in that and many other instances are totally forgot. We have reason however to believe that the measures of administration of late, have been no less disagreeable to the people of Britain than to the colonies; it is therefore to be supposed that a change of ministers would produce a total change of measures, which we earnestly wish may be brought about with all speed.
Till such an event takes place, it is natural to expect that an injured and free people will retain a certain degree of jealousy of all those who are or shall be employed in the service of the ministry in America; which will necessarily prevent those expressions of cordial esteem, which may be due to them as gentlemen and fellow subjects, as well as the servants of our common and well-beloved sovereign on the throne. Boston Gaz.
The following droll affair happened some time since.--- Some young men having tied an old broken chain to the tail of a large dog, turned him out in the street; away he run with great swiftness, and in his way the chair caught hold of the gown of a very genteel dressed woman, and threw her down with great force; the dog being very strong, and the chair holding her gown, he drew her a little way along the pavements, and bruised her in several places. But this was not the worst of the scene; the lady having her hair dressed in the modern perpendicular taste, the violence of the fall shook this temporary monument to the very foundation, and great was the fall! The materials with which it was erected were as follows: A piece of black knit breeches stuffed with black wool, and made, proportionable to the manner of which the hair was dressed; and on the outside was hair very ingeniously worked into the breeches; upon this surprising piece of workmanship was frizzed the Lady's own hair, in order to raise the edifice. She being disentangled, got up, and complained of being hurt a little, but took no notice of her piece of ornament for the head, which some boys had got hold of, kicking about the street as a foot-ball.
Continuation of the list of Field officers commissioned in this province, viz.
Second regiment in Bristol. Thomas Gilbert, Esq; Colonel, James Winslow, Esq; Lieut. Colonel. Ebenezer Willis, Esq; 1st Major. Thomas Gilbert, Esq; 2d Major.
South part of Middlesex, third regiment. John Noyes, Esq; Colonel.
Regiment in York county. Hon. Nathaniel Sparhawk, Esq; Colonel. Rushworth Jordan, Esq; 1st Lieutenant Colonel. Benjamin Chadburn, Esq; 2d Lieutenant Colonel. Samuel Sewall, Esq; 1st Major. Tristram Jordan, Esq; 2d Major.
First regiment in Salem. William Brown, Esq; Colonel. Peter Frye, Esq; 1st Lieut. Colonel. Benjamin Pickman, jun. Esq; 2d Lieutenant Colonel. Abner Cheever, Esq; Major.
DIED] Mr. William Hall, leather-dresser, aged 75 years. Nicholas Boylston, Esq; merchant, after a lingering illness, in the 56th year of his age. Mrs. Elizabeth Johnson, wife of Capt. Eleazer Johnson. Mrs. Warwick, widow, aged 72.
SHIP NEWS.
Last Monday came up from below the Castle, and now lays before the town, his Majesty's ship Captain, Admiral Montagu.
Yesterday failed the Tamar sloop of war on a cruise.
ARRIVED here. Raymond from New-Haven, Gray from Maryland, E. Gray from St Martins, from Barbados, Laha from Halifax, Hall from Philadelphia, Mac Cobb from Bermuda, Turner from Newfoundland.
CUTWARD bound. Mitchell for Nova-Scotia, Smith for Halifax, Raymond for New-Haven, Carwright for Newfoundland, Mallet for Jersey, Hodgkins for West-Indies.
From the ESSEX GAZETTE.
To his Excellency Governor HUTCHINSON. S I R,
SINCE your advancement to the chair, you have received many addresses from different quarters, and the views of the addressers were as various as the places from whence they came. Some were designed to court your favour, and others the favour of the people; some were replete with fulsome flattery, while others were calculated to wound your reputation, both odious and detestable, but the former most mortifying to a noble mind. My address shall be equally free from abuse and flattery, as it is dictated by views different from all the above-mentioned; motives that meet with self-approbation in the sober hour of reflection, and aim at that glorious object, the public good, at which, in imitation of Heaven, all rational beings should aspire.
You, Sir, are placed in a sphere that gives

you peculiar advantages to do great, extensive, and lasting benefits to mankind, if love to God and man should be your ruling passion. Let this golden rule of heaven be the touchstone by which you try every action. - Regardless of calumny and flattery, travel in the narrow and bright paths of virtue and honour teaching by your example the most useful and important lessons, and demonstrating your inviolable attachment to religion and liberty, while every pulse beats ardour for the welfare of your country! - Then will your administration be glorious to yourself, and to those you govern. Your days will close serene as the bright setting sun, and your posterity as well as your memory will be blessed by God and man. If these weighty considerations will not turn the scale in your mind, I must bid you adieu forever; for as I never expect your acquaintance in this world, so, unless you are influenced by heavenly motives, I cannot hope to have it in another. But I hope better things of you than many speak, and things that will accompany your political and eternal salvation. We know your situation is difficult, you have an ignorant, corrupt and wicked ministry (if we may believe Lord Chatham, and others, the best in England, or our own senses) to please, men are seldom pleased with what is right. who Sir, the path of honour and duty is still But, plain before you, tell the ministry, tell the King, that the plans which are pursuing to tax the colonies and subject them to arbitrary power, will end in the destruction of the nation--that civil wars, confusion and ruin, will be the final issue. Tell them they are sapping the foundation of the kingdom--the Americans, throughout this vast continent, murmur, complain of oppression, and are determined they will not much longer bear the burthens and insults that are heaped upon them--that the day is fast approaching wherein the union between America and Great-Britain, on which the existence of the kingdom depends, will be dissolved--tell them that as a servant to the King and to the people, you are bound by the sacred ties of your duty, thus plainly to speak your mind and remonstrate against the measures of the court that the evil which threatens soon to overwhelm the nation may be foreseen and avoided--and that if they should still be determined to pursue the same destructive measures, you cannot be the instrument to carry into execution plans which will inevitably prove the final ruin of the kingdom--and therefore shall resign a commission which conscience forbids you to hold upon such infamous terms.
If the ministry shall continue deaf to the voice of reason, blind to their duty, or regardless of it, and notwithstanding all your remonstrances still insist upon your executing their unrighteous commands: In these circumstances, Sir, give the world an incontestible proof of your virtue, by one glorious act of patriotism, conclude your present political existence--and become at once the open and avowed enemy of tyranny, and an inviolable friend to all the liberties of your country and mankind: Then shall you have that good name and loving favour from your fellow men which is far more to be desired than all the treasures, vain pomp, and empty majesty, which earth affords. Every reflection upon acting so noble a part will fill your mind with that heart-felt joy and sublime pleasure which is inseparable from a godly life, feasts the noble soul through all the vicissitudes of time, and enters with it into eternity--This, Sir, is the glorious prize set before you, which I ardently wish you may obtain--Then your illustrious deeds will out-live the sun, and time will quench the stars before it blots out your fame!
AN AMERICAN.
For the MASSACHUSETTS SPY. To Mr. R. DRAPER.
I HAVE long remained a silent witness to your unparalleled abuse of my Classmates, and notwithstanding the share I have borne in it, I have declined to mean a task as to enter into a public contest with you, had I not been concerned for the reputation of those whose friendship I esteem. Not that they can receive any injury from your aspersions; but that those who are unacquainted with the matters, and have not heard them contradicted, may give you some credit, I have ventured to deliver my opinion, however, I may verify the old Roman maxim, Quando cum Stare core certo, Vincit seu vincor, semper ego maculor.
I shall, therefore, in the first place, give a true state of the facts, and leave the public to draw what inferences they please from them. At a meeting of the Class about a fortnight before Commencement, a large committee was chosen to act from that time till Commencement as the class; this Committee which consisted of ten, at a subsequent meeting, elected a sub-committee for the purpose of employing a Printer, to print the Theses, repeating to them the instructions they had originally received from their constituents, viz. that they should employ the cheapest workman. Mr. Draper immediately applied for the work; being asked his price, he replied 100l. being again asked whether that was the lowest he could afford it at, he answered yes; but rather than lose the job he would do it for 5 per cent cheaper than any other, or for nothing. The Committee rejoined that they did not desire he should do it a penny less than he could afford, and if no Printer could afford it for less than what he had offered he should have the employ. The Committee then applied to Mr. Thomas to know his price, who immediately made a calculation, and in a few minutes told them he would undertake it for 95l. and this being 5l. cheaper than Mr. Draper could afford it for, the Committee saw fit to employ Mr. Thomas. The Committee afterwards ordering a paper of a better quality, as well as of a larger size, agreed to allow 98l. 10s.
This being the true state of the affair, I shall proceed to make a few remarks upon the pieces published by Mr. Draper, upon the occasion; beginning with his poet, who undoubtedly laboured whole nights and days to apply the word "faction" to the conduct of the Class. But how the meer act of passing by Mr. Draper's office without employing him may be termed faction , I am unable to account for any other way, than by virtue of that poetical licence, which was granted only to the great geniuses that flourished under the republics of Greece and Rome. Perhaps your poet, Sir, intends that Greece and Rome shall not be the only states that can boast of great geniuses.
In the piece signed by yourself, you insinuate (as though it was a crime) that we did it "from political views," for my own part (for I can speak but for one) had that been my motive I should have gloried in the virtue, and I am very sensible that such a conduct would have gained me, the highest honour my wishes can aspire to, the approbation of every good citizen.
As your first writer from Cambridge says little more than to allow, that "the Class had an incontestable right to expend their money as they pleased;" we would advise him to leave us to the free exercise of an incontestable right without his impertinent molestation--but stay--he has said something more--"that the Class did not consult their own honour in this particular is too apparent; much less did they pay any attention to the inclinations of his Excellency." To pay any attention to the inclinations of any one, or even our own, when they militate with our instructions, his Excellency himself knows, is so far from reflecting an honour upon the agent, that it is immediately derogatory thereto, and why the Committee should give away 5l. or 10l. of the Class's money merely to gratify his Excellency's inclination, is a question perhaps they could not have answered.
Upon your last week's letter from Cambridge, I shall only remark, that had it been from one of the Class (every individual of whom has an undoubted right to enquire into facts) I should have endeavoured to convince him of his mistake; but since it is one who is utterly unacquainted with the matter, and seeing he has intermeddled where he had no concern, I shall take the liberty to tell him, that he has published to the world an absolute falsehood, and unless you, Mr. Draper, can persuade your writer to demonstrate to the public, that the "class were greatly taken in," and that "what with the Printer and Paper-maker together, the price exceeded what you asked," it will but aggravate the vengeance which you have already justly merited.
Upon the whole, Sir, seeing you have wantonly published whatever came to your press, without ascertaining the truth, and blazoned falsehoods at large, unless you reconcile all the inconsistencies contained therein on your own behalf, I think you are chargeable for the whole; and therefore
stand exposed to the public eye in the glaring character of a street bully; and I would have you remember that by your repeated insults you have probably subjected yourself to the chastisement of the Class, as you certainly have to the displeasure of
UNUS EORUM.
To the PUBLIC. WHEREAS a scandalous and malicious FALSHOOD, was inserted in Mr. Draper's Massachusetts Gazette last Thursday, viz. "It has been discovered, the Class were greatly TAKEN IN, in changing their Printer, for instead of a saving, as it was pretended, what with the Printer and Paper-maker together, the Price exceeded what you [Mr. Draper] asked." In order to confute so bare-faced an untruth, the Subscriber would refer all those, who have the Curiosity to know the true state of the matter, to the Committee of the Class, who employed the Printer of the Theses; or to the Printing-Office in Union Street, where an exact account of the charge of the paper and printing, as also of cash received, may be seen properly attested, which will convince every person of the falsehood of the charge, which otherwise may have a tendency to injure the reputation, and thereby distress the family, by destroying the business of
ISAIAH THOMAS.
Boston, August 17, 1771.
Boston, August 21, 1771. THERE is arrived in town this day, and to be seen at the house of the widow Bignall, the next door to the King's Head Tavern, a little above Mr. Hancock's wharf, a MAIDEN DWARF, who is fifty three years old, and but twenty two inches in stature. It was by the counsel of some Gentlemen, that she came to pay a visit to this place; and she is willing to exhibit herself as a shew to such Gentlemen and Ladies as are desirous to gratify their curiosity, for one shilling lawful money from each person.
Just imported from New Providence, CHOICE fresh LIMES, and to be sold by the whole, or half barrel, at a store on Speare's wharf, adjoining the long wharf.
WANTED immediately, as an Apprentice to the Book-Binding Business, an honest sober lad, between twelve and fifteen years of age. Enquire of ISAIAH THOMAS.
ALL persons having any demands on the estate of Dr. SAMUEL WHEAT, late of Boston, deceased, are hereby desired to bring in their accounts to Hannah Wheat, of Newton, Executrix, Alexander Sheppard, of said Newton, or to William Wheat, of Boston, her attorneys, in order for an immediate settlement. And all persons indebted to said estate are, once more! desired to pay their balances to either the above, as they may expect otherwise to be sued at October court, without any further notice.
** Said HANNAH WHEAT, having suitable accommodations, would be glad to take Boarders, either Gentlemen or Ladies, who are sick and like to retire into the country for the benefit of their health.
LOST, LENT, or STOLEN, A DARK brown Camblet Cloak, with a green baize lining, almost new. Whoever has said Cloak in possession is desired to send it to I. THOMAS's Printing Office in Union-street; and they shall be handsomely rewarded.
To be SOLD by DEAN & PENNY, At their Store on John Hancock's, Esq's. Wharf.
A FEW iron bound 40 gallon casks of best old JAMAICA SPIRITS, warranted genuine. Likewise, a few hogheads and barrels of best JAMAICA SUGARS.
A CORRECT LIST of the BLANKS and PRIZES which came up in Faneuil Hall Lottery Letter I, may be seen at EDES and GILL's Printing Office.
A VERY large genteel CHEST almost new, to be sold reasonably. Enquire of ISAIAH THOMAS.
ROBT. GARLAND CRANCH, Sadler & Jockey-cap maker, from London, At the Bay Horse, on the Exchange, in King-street, Boston; Takes this method to inform his friends, and the Public, that he has imported from the makers, by Captain Rotch from Bristol, A compleat Assortment of
 SADLERY GOODS, To be sold at the lowest advance for cash;  CHECK Swan-skin flurups, for saddle-cloths.  White ditto.  Woolen girth, and surcingle webb,  Mohair hinges,  Straining webb,  Diaper ditto,  Girth webb of all sorts,  Kidderminster cloths,  Saddle rugs,  Boot strapping,  Dog collars, with brass plates,  Steel heads and throats  Tinned ditto,  Whips of all kinds,  Whip thongs,  Silk lashes,  Best Nottingham whip cord,  Fine horse nets,  Body Route webb,  Best Whitechapel needles,  Tinned 3d nails,  Ditto small tacks,  2d and 3d clout nails,  4, 6, 8, and 14 oz. tacks,  Fine polished stirrup irons,  Best tinned ditto,  Swivel ditto,  Fine polished Weymouth bits,  Snaffles ditto,  Pelham bits,  Castle-Howard ditto,  Hollow trenches, for colts,  Solid ditto,  Best iron caveçons,  Brecoons,  Fine Ladies chain bits  Diamond jointed Pelham bits,  Twisted snaffles,  Wheel ditto,  Double ditto,  Snaffles of all sorts,  Hunting bits,  Weymouth snaffles,  Fine polished jointed articles. 
N. B. He likewise makes all sorts of gentlemen's and ladies hunting-saddles, with furniture of all kinds, on the lowest terms; plain saddles, from 6 to 8 dollars; welts, from 8 to 10 dollars, with every article in proportion; all favours received will be gratefully acknowledged.
This day was published, price 4s. 6d. old tenor.
BRIEF REMARKS on the satirical drollery at Cambridge, last Commencement Day; with special reference to the character of STEPHEN, THE PREACHER, which raised such extravagant mirth. By A. CROSWELL, V. D. M. in Boston. Printed and sold by EZEKIEL RUSSELL, near Dr. Gardiner's, and opposite the Founder's Arms, in Marlborough-Street.
I said of laughter, it is mad: And of mirth, What doth it. Eccles. ii. 2.
Whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report; if there be any virtue: And if there be any praise, think on these things. Philip. iv. 8.
** They may likewise be had at Knox's London Book-Store, in Cornhill, who will make as good allowance to travelling traders, &c. as if purchased of the printer. Sold also by B. EMERSON, in Newbury-Port.
Said RUSSEL has a number of Books, of his own printing to dispose of, very cheap.
To be SOLD ABOUT two groce of very good beech CARD-BOARDS for which either Cards or English goods will be taken as pay. Enquire of ISAIAH THOMAS.

POETS CORNER.
From JURE DIVINO. Book V. SAYS he, * I'll show you 'tis your place to bow, And if you knew not, I'LL INSTRUCT YOU how :
I bear from heaven the ensigns of my sway, My business is to rule, and yours t' obey, The burthens of my father's gentle reign, Of which with little reason you complain ; To teach you how you should his mildness prize, I'll double now, 'till suffering makes you wise ; By you let all seditious subjects learn, Their duty and their interest to discern : I see how needful 'tis new means to try, And mix your peace with just severity. Therefore your scandalous address withdraw, 'Tis my command, and my command's your law :
Sedition grows from seeds of discontent, And faction always snarls at Government : But since my throne of God alone I hold, To him alone, my councils I unfold ; My resolutions be as made your laws, You are to know my actions, he the cause ; Wherefore I stoop to let you understand, I double all the tribute of the land. The mild corrections which my father gave, Has spoil'd the people he design'd to save : You murmur'd then, and had you thus been us'd,
You'd ne'er his easy clemency abus'd ; But liberty, like an unhealthy air, Has made you sick of peace, for want of fear : I'll be the grand physician of my realm, And let you know, a pilot guides the helm : To double punishment I'll all subject, And double taxes henceforth I expect ; And if your discords and feuds remain, Petition, and I'll double them again. Spoke like a King, that strain'd the royal reins, Whose birth had made him so and not his brains,
A royal coxcomb, by his father blest, In wealth and power, and peop'e well in creas'd
And all things but his wisdom he possess'd : Defcent of souls is not prescrib'd by rules, The wisest fathers form the grossest fools. The injur'd people, treated with disdain, Finding 'twas to no purpose to complain, Nature directs, as God himself design'd, What once he gave them, they should now defend.
He did, by miracle, their land subject, That they without it, might that land protect ; And as their just possessions were his gift, 'Twould be their sin to see themselves bereft. Long they had made submissions to the crown, And long the sense of liberty had known : The Kings, they ask'd of God, had let them see,
What God himself foretold of tyranny : The father had exhausted all their stores, With costly houses, and more costly whores ; But doubly robb'd, by his encroaching son, They rather chose to die, than be undone.
*REHOBOTHAM.
STANZAS, addressed to the Right Hon. the LORD MAYOR.
-----Tumidaque minas contendere Regum. WITH harsh ungen'rous insult spurn'd, Where fondly most the hop'd relief, Sad from the throne Britannia turn'd, And gave her harras'd soul to grief. Still doom'd to drag the galling chain, Oft she proclaim'd her wrongs around ; And oft beheld her sons in vain, In streams of melting pity drown'd. Her savage tyrants mock her pain, And, while her tears in anguish flow, Forbid her even to complain, (The last sad privilege of woe ! ) But now, hope dissipates her fear, And black despair before her flies ; Lo ! where AUGUSTA's towers appears, She sees another BECKFORD rise ! There JUSTICE lifts her even scale, There sternly bears her sword to view ; And, when her milder succours fail, Securely CROSBY trusts to you. Nor thou refuse at FREEDOM's call, Yon dungeon's gloomy paths to tread ; Beneath whose blood-besprinkled wall Her champions oft with joy have bled.
Great is thy lot (if crown'd by fate, This lot be thine ) with patriot toil To prop a while a sinking state, And bid thy country's genius smile. No peril can his spirit tame Who dares to set a nation free ; And tho' he fall he earns from fame A glorious immortality.
Extract of a letter from a person in Carolina to his friend in Pennsylvania, dated May 17.
I AM sorry I have to inform you that our country and the Governor have come to an open war. The justness of the cause on the side of the country, during a contest for a year or two past, has gained them such a majority of the inhabitants all over this province, that it was in vain the Governor and Officers tried to raise the militia before the last sitting of our assembly, when a law passed under the title of a Riot act, whereby they say the Governor is invested with as arbitrary power as the King of France. However that may be, it is fact, he has collected out of the meaner sort, an army of 1500 or 2000 men, by way of insisting for bounty money, high wages, and promises of an equal share of plunder. With which army he is passing through the country, destroying houses, fields of wheat, corn and orchards, and taking from the inhabitants all manner of provisions. This usage (unheard of in America before) suddenly raised the country, who first surrounded a party of about 4 or 500, commanded by Col. Waddel and prevailed on him to retreat, convincing him and his Officers, that there was no occasion for such hostile proceedings. And a few days after met the Governor, hoping to prevail with him in the same manner. But he soon fired on them in a treacherous manner with cannon and small arms, in less than 15 minutes after they had his promise of an hour to consider of his terms. The country who had not the least order or discipline, for every man had ran together, as it were, to quench devouring flames, the most part without arms or ammunition, who fled at the first fire. About 300 stood and returned the fire for three quarters of an hour, in which time, the Governor struck his colours twice, hoisted a white flag, and beat a parley ; but the country, being quite ignorant of any signals or terms of war, kept a constant firing, as long as their ammunition lasted, and then left the ground. There was seven killed on the spot, and two fell after running some distance : Eight more are since dead of their wounds, and two or three not yet out of danger. The number slain on the Governor's side is uncertain, as he keeps it, as much as possible, a secret ; but by the best accounts, it amounted to 57 on the spot, with a proportionable number of wounded. The Governor took 20 or 30 prisoners, one of whom he hanged the next day. The slain on the side of the country lay unburied, except two, who were stolen away by their families. The Governor makes all the advantages he can of this affair, and it is supposed, aims to have all their lands forfeited. The consequence of this affair is yet unknown ; numbers have come in and submitted to certain terms, &c. Others are standing out and collecting in bodies ; and it is thought, that most of the inhabitants will leave this province, before they will live under the intolerable oppression and slavery, that naturally must attend a conquest made by men of such principles.
There never was any people abused by authority more than this country has been, which would be too tedious to relate in a letter, but in a very short way. The main substance of the difference was in the sheriffs* in most of the counties not having settled their accounts for 8 or 10 years past ; nor the Treasurers having settled accounts with the Public for upwards of 20 years past. So that by computation, they were on the whole 80 or 100,000 pounds behind. The honest party in the administration appeared to the country to be too weak to bring these overgrown members to an account ; therefore to strengthen their hands, great part of the
* Sheriffs in North-Carolina collect the provincial and county taxes, and other public dues.
country stopped payment of any taxes, but what were agreeable to law, and this consequence could not be known, until these public accounts were settled. Next to this, the Officers had extorted unlawful fees in an unreasonable manner ; and when the country prosecuted them, could get no redress or any kind of fair trial ; but contrarily, the prosecutors were like to be ruined by suits commenced against them by Officers for damages, scandal, &c. and by the means of packed juries, composed of the officers themselves, who were indicted, and liable to indictments, so that a general Court writ against ever so innocent a man, became as dangerous and dreadful as a pistol clapped to his breast by a robber ; for nothing would satisfy but the surrender of all you possessed ; this caused riots, tumults, &c. In the assembly it was proposed to send a committee of enquiry into the counties where these tumults happened, but it was strenuously opposed by the court party, and put aside : But in a private conference amongst the members, Mr. Knox and Mr. Lewis were appointed, and they rode up to the next General Court to be held in Rowan county for the district of Salisbury, when the whole body of Officers of that district, (conscious of their guilt) and convinced of the upright and good intentions of the country, came to an amicable and firm agreement, under hand and seal, to refund all they had extorted and taken contrary to law, which was to be divided by arbitrators, unanimously chosen by either side ; both officers and people were heartily sincere in this agreement ; but the Governor and Officers, in the five other districts of the province, resented it in the highest degree, and immediately entered into an association to prevent its taking place, by rushing up into the settlements of the insurgents, as they call them, with an armed force, and restoring peace on constitutional principles, as the Governor termed it in a letter to Col. Trohawk, wherein he told him, he should answer for entering into that agreement at the tribunal of his country. It is matter of fact, that the Officers of this district inclined to comply, and make the country restitution, above a year before this, but were deterred by the officers of the other five districts ; no doubt but from a fear they must come to do the same justice.
"Husbands, who was a principal man in prosecuting every lawful method for justice and redress, has been accused as principal in acts of riots, &c. he has been made a prisoner, and stood trials three times on that account and cleared each time by proclamation. The court party, despairing of finding him guilty in the ordinary course of proceedings, and according to the English laws, makes a particular law for that purpose, to continue one year ; by which law, without any precept or his knowledge and unheard, finds a bill against him for a riot, assault, &c. for which they came with the aforesaid army, and destroyed his house, plantation and goods ; from which, I suppose, it is to be granted now that he is guilty in the eye of that particular law, though he is really clear, and quite innocent of the charge. Many others, as well as he, have shared the same fate ; some were 40 miles distant from the place at the time the crimes laid to their charge were committed."
JOHN CUSHING, Acquaints his friends, and all who please to favour him with their custom ;
THAT he has removed from the Sugar-house in Back-Street, lately improved by him and company, to the Sugar-house (formerly improved by Mr. James Smith, deceased,) in Brattle Street, near Dr. Cooper's meeting-house, just above Dock-Square, where he will carry on the Sugar-Refining Business, as usual, and hopes he has given such satisfaction to those he has traded with, as to induce them to continue their custom, and they may still depend on his best endeavours to serve them. He has now ready for Sale, Double and Single Refined Loaf, Lump and Brown refined Sugars and Molasses---Also new Flour, at the lowest rates for Cash.
IRISH LINENS.
WILLIAM SCOTT,
At the Irish Linen Store, in Anne-Street, Near the Draw-Bridge, Has just received from his friends in Ireland,
A LARGE assortment of 3-4ths 7-8ths, and yard wide Linens of all prices, which Linens, being bought when Markets were very cheap in Ireland, he is enabled to sell on lower terms than any he ever had before. Also Table Cloths of all sizes, some as low as 30s. old price 100s. 3, 6, 8, 9 and 10 quarters diaper ; damask, ditto, buckaback, dowlas, superfine white ticking ; hempen cloth for coarse towels from 9 coppers to 5s. and 6s. the yard ; brown Holland.
At said Store are also to be sold A variety of English & Scotch Goods among which are, a large assortment of plain and flowered lawns ; flowered aprons and handkerchiefs, black and white cat-gut, black and white Paris-net, spiders net and fancy ditto black and white, Queens gauze and handkerchiefs ; cambricks and muslins ; a large quantity of check handkerchiefs ; Parcelona, black, coloured and striped ditto, and clevats ; Manchester and Scotch checks, striped Hollands, beckicks, hempen cloths, &c. A large assortment of men's white and brown thread hose, cotton ditto, ribbed and plain ; cotton ditto for women and children, worsted ditto of all sizes ; breeches pieces, worsted gloves and mits, silk mits, Calicoes, Chintzes, Bengalls, peniafces, tamies, durants, shalloon, Russells, calamar cres ; 3, 4, and 5 thread lasting ; flowered drawboys, rich mouselin, crapes, brogues, duvet, mouselinings, Persians, tassties, sarsens ; black white, blue and crimson sprigged and plain satters ; sprigged and plain almodes, pelongs, black and white fatten hats, chips : cap-piece and skeleton wire ; common and paddle-flick, ebony and ivory fans ; sewing silks, white and wax threads, shirt buttons, fluting, apron and cap linen, Hollands and diaper tapes ; none-so-pretty tapes, common milliners and White-chapel needles ; a large quantity of No. 4, 12 and packet bras pins ; basket buttons and twist ; silk and worsted knee garters of all colours ; silk serrets, qualities, garterings ; stay braid, cord and galloon straping ; silk, cotton and thread laces, French and English wax necklaces ; pound beads ; Manchester velvets, India rankens, ginghams, Damascus, ivory combs of all sizes, crooked tupee and Dandruff horn ditto, white and yellow buckrans ; writing and bonnet paper ; a fine assortment of paper hangings ; room and stair carpeting ; genuine Kippen's snuff ; Osnaburghs, Ticklingburgh, Ravens duck, brown and bleached Russia drab, metal buttons, single and double gilt, white lacquered and livery ditto ; silver locket and brass sleeve buttons, coat and jacket horn buttons and moulds ; white and yellow metal shoe, knee and stock buckles ; silver plated ditto ; silver topped cast-steel razors, common ditto, knives, table ditto, brass handle pocket knives and forks, hard metal spoons, steel and common scissors, palcket compasses, spectacles, &c. French indigo, Lynn made shoes, tea, coffee, chocolate ; crown window glass from the best makers, 8 by 6, 9 by 7, 10 by 8. Gloucester cheese, Bristol bottled beer ; a large and elegant assortment of the most fashionable Ribbons from London, some with gold and silver flowers, to be sold cheap, being a consignment, &c. &c.
BREWSTER'S
BEST ground and made CHOCOLATE, warranted good and free from any mixture, is sold by JOHN FARMER, successor to the late John Brewster, at the sign of the Chocolate-Cakes in Fifth-street, near the bottom of Cross-street, by Wholesale or Retail.
Choice ground COFFEE to be sold as above. N. B. Said FARMER has for sale, Founder's and Brazier's Ware, of all sorts. Cash given for old Pewter and Bras.