The Kentucky gazette (Lexington [Ky.]), 1802-04-30 00:00:00

THE KENTUCKY GAZETTE.
No. 815.]
FRIDAY, APRIL 30, 1802.
[Vol. XV.]
LEXINGTON:—PRINTED BY DANIEL BRADFORD, (On Main Street)—PRICE TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAID IN ADVANCE.
FOR THE KENTUCKY GAZETTE.
PHILANTHROPIST No. 3.
THE second division of the subject, viz. "Whether there is a sufficient knowledge obtained by our youth, from ancient authors, to compensate for the time & money usually spent in their study," will now merit some attention.
The ancient authors commonly read are the orators and poets. Their subjects and allusions must necessarily have a particular reference to the state of things at the time in which they were written. Before a person can understand these authors, he must have a considerable acquaintance with ancient history, and the ancient state of the arts and sciences. Have our youth, when they commence the study of the ancient authors, acquired all this knowledge? Have they turned over the pages of the Grecian and Roman history? Have they studied the general state of mankind in the days of Homer, Demosthenes, and Virgil? So far is this from being the case, that they generally commence the study of the orators and poets before they are acquainted with the general principles of oratory and poetry; before they are capable of relishing the beauty of the best poet even in our own language, and before they have the least knowledge of the laws, government, mythology, and geographical situation of ancient nations. What improvement then can a boy of twelve or fifteen years derive from ancient authors? We may form some idea of his progress in knowledge, if we suppose that a person of the same age, eighteen hundred or two thousand years hence, should attempt to peruse some of the poetical compositions of the present time, or some of the most eloquent speeches made at our bar or senate house, without the least knowledge of the laws, history, geography or manners of this country. Could a boy in this case acquire any thing more than a few unconnected confused ideas? And can we suppose that our youth, who commence the study of the Latin and Greek under the same difficulty, are able to do more?
Upon the revival of learning, after the dark ages, it was a wise policy to study the Latin and Greek authors. In these were then contained the greatest models of science and improvement; in these were found the collected wisdom of ages, and from the study of these were to be had elegance, taste and science. But the progress of things has since produced a total change. Every thing now is in a higher state of perfection than in the time of the Greeks and Romans; the arts and sciences are much further advanced, and in our language is to be found, not only full and complete translations of all that is contained in the dead languages; but we have original compositions, which excel the ancients in almost every thing either useful or ornamental to human nature. Our youth, therefore, are not only put to the study of ancient authors in such a manner that it would be impossible for them to make improvement, but they are obliged to do it at a time when we have writers in our language, which in every respect are better adapted to their situation. I appeal to the candid if they are not more worthy of attention.
It is perhaps impossible to conceive a subject on which prejudice maintains so great a sway as this. Our youth are taught from their earliest years to consider the languages as the foundation of their future progress. At the first opening of the mind, the erroneous idea is instilled. It grows with succeeding years, and soon becomes too strongly riveted for the efforts of time or reason. Hence learned men commend that which the more bold and self-taught genius rejects as false and pernicious.
This is an age in which men have dared to think. We discover errors in government, we alter laws, and dispute almost at the point of the sword for the minutest political right; but in our systems of education, we are content to sit down in the same errors which our ancestors taught two centuries ago.
[PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY.]
SEVENTH CONGRESS
OF THE
UNITED STATES,
AT THE FIRST SESSION,
Begun and held at the City of Washington, in the Territory of Columbia, on Monday, the Seventh of December, one thousand eight hundred and one.
AN ACT
To regulate trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes, and to preserve peace on the frontiers.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in congress assembled, That the following boundary line, established by treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes, shall be clearly ascertained, and distinctly marked in all such places as the presi-
dent of the United States shall deem necessary, and in such manner as he shall direct, to wit: Beginning at the mouth of the Cuyahoga river on lake Erie, and running thence up the same to the portage between that and the Tuscaroras branch of the Muskingum; thence down that branch, to the crossing place above fort Laurence; thence westwardly to a fork of that branch of the great Miami river running into the Ohio, at or near which fork stood Loromie's store, and where commences the portage, between the Miami of the Ohio and St. Mary's river, which is a branch of the Miami, which runs into lake Erie; thence a westwardly course to fort Recovery, which stands on a branch of the Wabash; thence south-westwardly, in a direct line to the Ohio, so as to intersect that river, opposite the mouth of Kentucky or Cutawa river; thence down the said river Ohio to the tract of one hundred and fifty thousand acres, near the rapids of the Ohio, which has been assigned to general Clarke, for the use of himself and his warriors; thence around the said tract, on the line of the said tract, till it shall again intersect, the said river Ohio; thence down the same to a point opposite the high lands or ridge between the mouth of the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers; thence south-eastwardly on the said ridge, to a point, from whence a south-west line will strike the mouth of Duck river; thence, still eastwardly, on the said ridge, to a point forty miles above Nashville; thence north-east to Cumberland river; thence up the said river to where the Kentucky road crosses the same; thence to the Cumberland mountain, at the point of Campbell's line; thence in a south-westwardly direction, along the foot of the Cumberland mountain to Emory's river; thence down the same to its junction with the river Clinch; thence down the river Clinch to Hawkins's line; thence along the same to a white oak, marked one mile tree; thence south fifty-one degrees west, three hundred and twenty-eight chains, to a large ash tree on the bank of the river Tennessee one mile below south-west point; thence up the north-east margin of the river Tennessee (not including islands) to the Wild Cat rock, below Tellico block-house; thence in a direct line to the Militia spring, near the Maryville road leading from Tellico; thence from the said spring to Chilhowee mountain, by a line so to be run as will leave all the farms on Nine-mile creek to the northward and eastward of it, and to be continued along the Chilhowee mountain until it strikes Hawkins's line; thence along the said line to the great Iron mountain; and from the top of which a line to be continued in a south-eastwardly course to where the most southern branch of Little river crosses the divisional line to Tugaloo river; thence along the South-Carolina Indian boundary to and over the Oconna mountain, in a south-west course to Tugaloo river; thence in a direct line to the top of Currahee mountain, where the Creek line passes it; thence to the head or source of the main south branch of the Oconee river, called the Appalachee, thence down the middle of the said main south branch and river Oconee, to its confluence with Oakmulgee, which forms the river Altamaha; thence down the middle of the said Altamaha, to the old line on the said river; and thence along the said old line to the river St. Mary's: Provided always , That if the boundary line between the said Indian tribes and the United States shall, at any time hereafter, be varied, by any treaty which shall be made between the said Indian tribes and the United States, then all the provisions contained in this act shall be construed to apply to the said line so to be varied, in the same manner, as said provisions apply, by force of this act, to the boundary line herein before recited.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted , That if any citizen of, or other person resident in the United States or either of the territorial districts of the United States, shall cross over, or go within the said boundary line, to hunt, or in any wise destroy the game; or shall drive, or otherwise convey any flock of horses or cattle to range on any lands allotted or secured by treaty with the United States, to any Indian tribes, he shall forfeit a sum not exceeding 100 dollars, or be imprisoned not exceeding six months.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted , That if any such citizen or other person, shall go into any country which is allotted, or secured by treaty as aforesaid, to any of the Indian tribes south of the river Ohio, without a passport first had and obtained from the governor of some one of the United States, or the officer of the troops of the United States, commanding at the nearest post on the frontiers, or such other person as the president of the United States may, from time to time, authorise to grant the same, shall forfeit a sum not exceeding 50 dollars, or be imprisoned not exceeding three months.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted , That if any such citizen, or other person, shall go into any town, settlement or territory belonging, or secured by treaty with the United States, to any nation or tribe of Indians, and shall there commit robbery, larceny, trespass or other crime against the person or property of
any friendly Indian or Indians, which would be punishable, if committed within the jurisdiction of any state, against a citizen of the United States; or, unauthorised by law, and with a hostile intention, shall be found on any Indian land, such offender shall forfeit a sum not exceeding 100 dollars, and be imprisoned not exceeding 12 months; and shall also, when property is taken or destroyed, forfeit and pay to such Indian or Indians, to whom the property taken and destroyed belongs, a sum equal to twice the just value of the property so taken or destroyed: and if such offender shall be able to pay a sum at least equal to the said just value, whatever such payment shall fall short of the said just value, shall be paid out of the treasury of the United States: Provided nevertheless , That no such Indian shall be entitled to any payment out of the treasury of the United States, for any such property taken or destroyed, if he, or any of the nation to which he belongs, shall have sought private revenge, or attempted to obtain satisfaction by any force or violence.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted , That if any such citizen, or other person, shall make a settlement on any lands belonging, or secured, or granted by treaty with the United States, to any Indian tribe, or shall survey, or attempt to survey, such lands, or designate any of the boundaries, by marking trees, or otherwise, such offender shall forfeit a sum not exceeding 1000 dollars, and suffer imprisonment, not exceeding twelve months. And it shall, moreover be lawful for the President of the United States to take such measures, and to employ such military force, as he may judge necessary, to remove from lands belonging, or secured by treaty, as aforesaid, to any Indian tribe, any such citizen, or other person who has made, or shall hereafter make, or attempt to make a settlement thereon.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted , That if any such citizen or other person, shall go into any town, settlement or territory belonging to any nation or tribe of Indians, and shall there commit murder, by killing any Indian or Indians, belonging to any nation or tribe of Indians in amity with the United States, such offender, on being thereof convicted shall suffer death.
Sec. 7. And be it further enacted , That no such citizen, or other person, shall be permitted to reside at any of the towns, or hunting camps, of any of the Indian tribes as a trader, without a license under the hand and seal of the superintendent of the department, or of such other person as the President of the United States shall authorise to grant licenses for that purpose: which superintendent, or person authorised, shall, on application, issue such license, for a term not exceeding two years, to such trader who shall enter into bond with one or more sureties, approved of by the superintendent, or person issuing such license, or by the President of the United States, in the penal sum of 1000 dollars conditioned for the true and faithful observance of such regulations and restrictions, as are, or shall be made for the government of trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes; and shall put in suit such bonds as he may have taken, on the breach of any condition therein contained.
Sec. 8. And be it further enacted , That any such citizen, or other person, who shall attempt to reside in any town or hunting camp of any of the Indian tribes, as a trader, without such license, shall forfeit all the merchandise offered for sale to the Indians, or found in his possession, and shall moreover, be liable to a fine not exceeding 100 dollars, and to imprisonment not exceeding 30 days.
Sec. 9. And be it further enacted , That if any such citizen, or other person, shall purchase or receive of any Indian, in the way of trade or barter, a gun, or other article commonly used in hunting, any instrument of husbandry, or cooking utensil, of the kind usually obtained by the Indians, in their intercourse with white people, or any article of clothing excepting skins or furs, he shall forfeit a sum not exceeding 50 dollars, and be imprisoned not exceeding 30 days.
Sec. 10. And be it further enacted , That no such citizen or other person, shall be permitted to purchase any horse of an Indian, or of any white man in the Indian territory, without special license for that purpose; which license, the superintendent, or such other person, as the President shall appoint, is hereby authorised to grant, on the same terms, conditions and restrictions, as other licenses are to be granted under this act: and any such person, who shall purchase a horse or horses, under such license, before he exposes such horse or horses for sale, and within fifteen days after they have been brought out of the Indian country, shall make a particular return to the superintendent, or other person, from whom he obtained his license, of every horse purchased by him, as aforesaid; describing such horses
by their color, height, and other natural or artificial marks, under the penalty contained in their respective bonds. And every such person, purchasing a horse or horses, as aforesaid in the Indian country, without a special license, shall for every horse thus purchased, and brought into any settlement of citizens of the United States, forfeit a sum not exceeding 100 dollars, and be imprisoned not exceeding 30 days. And every person, who shall purchase a horse, knowing him to be brought out of the Indian territory, by any person or persons, not licensed, as above, to purchase the same, shall forfeit the value of such horse.
Sec. 11. And be it further enacted , That no agent superintendent or other person authorised to grant a license to trade, or purchase horses, shall have any interest or concern in any trade with the Indians, or in the purchase or sale of any horse to, or from any Indian, excepting for and on account of the United States: and any person offending herein, shall forfeit a sum not exceeding 1000 dollars and be imprisoned not exceeding 12 months.
Sec. 12. And be it further enacted , That no purchase, grant, lease, or other conveyance of lands, or of any title or claim thereto, from any Indian, or nation, or tribe of Indians, within the bounds of the United States, shall be of any validity, in law or equity, unless the same be made by treaty or convention, entered into pursuant to the constitution: and it shall be a misdemeanor in any person, not employed under the authority of the United States, to negotiate such treaty or convention, directly or indirectly, to treat with any such Indian nation, or tribe of Indians for the title or purchase of any lands by them held, or claimed, punishable by fine not exceeding 1000 dollars and imprisonment not exceeding 12 months: Provided nevertheless , that it shall be lawful for the agent or agents of any state, who may be present at any treaty held with Indians under the authority of the United States, in the presence, and with the approbation of the commissioner or commissioners of the United States, appointed to hold the same, to propose to, and adjust with the Indians, the compensation to be made, for their claims to lands within such state, which shall be extinguished by the treaty.
Sec. 13. And be it further enacted , That in order to promote civilization among the friendly Indian tribes, and to secure the continuance of their friendship, it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, to cause them to be furnished with useful domestic animals, and implements of husbandry, and with goods or money, as he shall judge proper, and to appoint such persons, from time to time, as temporary agents, to reside among the Indians, as he shall think fit: Provided that the whole amount of such presents, allowance to such agents, shall not exceed 15,000 dollars per annum.
Sec. 14. And be it further enacted , That if any Indian or Indians, belonging to any tribe in amity with the United States, shall come over or cross the said boundary line, into any state or territory inhabited by citizens of the United States, and there take, steal or destroy any horse, horses, or other property, belonging to any citizen or inhabitant of the United States, or of either of the territorial districts of the United States, or shall commit any murder, violence or outrage, upon any such citizen or inhabitant, it shall be the duty of such citizen or inhabitant, his representative, attorney or agent, to make application to the superintendent, or such other person as the President of the United States, shall authorise for that purpose; who, upon being furnished with the necessary documents and proofs, shall, under the direction or instruction of the President of the United States, make application to the nation or tribe, to which such Indian or Indians shall belong, for satisfaction; and if such nation or tribe shall neglect or refuse to make satisfaction, in a reasonable time, not exceeding twelve months, then it shall be the duty of such superintendent or other person authorized as aforesaid to make return of his doings to the President of the United States and forward to him all the documents and proofs in the case, that such further steps may be taken, as shall be proper to obtain satisfaction for the injury: and in the mean time, in respect to the property so taken, stolen or destroyed, the United States guarantee to the party injured, an eventual indemnification: Provided always , That if such injured party, his representative, attorney, or agent, shall, in any way, violate any of the provisions of this act, by seeking, or attempting to obtain private satisfaction or revenge, by crossing over the line, on any of the Indian lands, he shall forfeit all claim upon the United States, for such indemnification: And provided also , That nothing herein contained shall prevent the legal apprehension or arresting, within the limits of any state or district, of any Indian having so offended: And provided further , That it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, to deduct such sum or sums, as shall be paid for the property taken

stolen or destroyed by any such Indian, out of the annual stipend, which the United States are bound to pay to the tribe, to which such Indian shall belong.
Sec. 15. And be it further enacted , That the superior courts in each of the said territorial districts, and the circuit courts, and other courts of the United States of similar jurisdiction in criminal causes, in each district of the United States, in which any offender against this act shall be apprehended, or agreeably to the provisions of this act, shall be brought for trial, shall have, and are hereby invested with full power and authority to hear and determine all crimes, offences and misdemeanors, against this act; such courts proceeding therein in the same manner, as if such crimes, offences and misdemeanors had been committed within the bounds of their respective districts: and in all cases where the punishment shall not be death, the county courts of quarter sessions in the said territorial districts, and the district courts of the United States, in their respective districts, shall have, and are hereby invested with like power to hear and determine the same, any law to the contrary notwithstanding: and in all cases, where the punishment shall be death, it shall be lawful for the governor of either of the territorial districts, where the offender shall be apprehended, or into which he shall be brought for trial, to issue a commission of oyer and terminer to the superior judges of such district, who shall have full power and authority to hear and determine all such capital cases, in the same manner as the superior courts of such district have in their ordinary sessions: and when the offender shall be apprehended, or brought for trial into any of the United States, except Kentucky or Tennessee, it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, to issue a like commission to any one or more judges of the supreme court of the United States, and the judge of the district, in which such offender may have been apprehended or shall have been brought for trial; which judges, or any two of them, shall have the same jurisdiction in such capital cases, as the circuit court of such district, and shall proceed to trial and judgment, in the same manner as such circuit court might or could do. And the district courts of Kentucky, Tennessee and Maine shall have jurisdiction of all crimes, offences and misdemeanors committed against this act, and shall proceed to trial and judgment in the same manner, as the circuit courts of the United States.
Sec. 16. And be it further enacted , That it shall be lawful for the military force of the United States to apprehend every person who shall or may be found in the Indian country
and beyond the said boundary line between the United States and the said Indian tribes, in violation of any of the provisions or regulations of this act, and him or them immediately to convey, in the nearest, convenient and safe route, to the civil authority of the United States, in some one of the three next adjoining states or districts, to be proceeded against in due course of law: Provided , That no person, apprehended by military force as aforesaid, shall be detained longer than five days after the arrest, and before removal. And all officers and soldiers who may have any such person or persons in custody, shall treat them with all the humanity which the circumstances will possibly permit; and every officer and soldier who shall be guilty of maltreating any such person, while in custody, shall suffer such punishment as a court martial shall direct: Provided , That the officer having custody of such person or persons shall, if required by such person or persons, conduct him or them to the nearest judge of the supreme or superior court of any state, who, if the offence be bailable, shall take proper bail if offered, returnable to the district court next to be held in said district, which bail the said judge is hereby authorized to take, and which shall be able to be estreated as any other recognizance for bail in any court of the United States; and if said judge shall refuse to act, the person or persons fail to procure satisfactory bail, then the said person or persons are to be proceeded with according to the directions of this act.
Sec. 17. And be it further enacted , That any person who shall be charged with a violation of any of the provisions or regulations this act, shall be found within any of the United States, or either of the territorial districts of the United States, such offender may be apprehended and brought to trial, in the same manner as if such crime or offence had been committed within such state or district; and it shall be the duty of the military force of the United States, when called upon by the civil magistrate, or any proper officer or other person duly authorised for that purpose and having a lawful warrant to aid and assist such magistrate, officer, or other person authorised as aforesaid, in arresting such offender, and him committing to safe custody, for trial according to law.
Sec. 18. And be it further enacted , That the amount of fines, and duration of imprisonment, directed by this act as a punishment, for the violation of any of the provisions therein, shall be ascertained and fixed, not exceeding the limits prescribed, in the discretion of the court, before whom the trial be had; and all fines and forfeitures, which shall accrue under this act, shall be one half to the use of the informant, and the other half to the use of the United States; except where the prosecution shall be first instituted on behalf of the United States; in which case the whole shall be to their use.
sec. 19. And be it further enacted , That fam
nothing in this act shall be construed to prevent any trade or intercourse with Indians living on lands surrounded by settlements of the citizens of the United States, and being within the ordinary jurisdiction of any of the individual states; or the unmolested use of a road from Washington district to Mero district, or to prevent the citizens of Tennessee from keeping in repair the said road, under the direction or orders of the governor of said state, and of the navigation of the Tennessee river, as reserved and secured by treaty; nor shall this act be construed to prevent any person or persons travelling from Knoxville to Price's settlement on Obed's river, (so called) provided they shall travel in the trace or path which is usually travelled, and provided the Indians make no objection; but if the Indians object, the President of the United States is hereby authorised to issue a proclamation, prohibiting all travelling on said traces or either of them, as the case may be, after which, the penalties of this act shall be incurred by every person travelling or being found on said traces, or either of them, to which the prohibition may apply, within the Indian boundary, without a passport.
Sec. 20.  And be it further enacted , That the President of the United States be, and he is hereby authorised to cause to be clearly ascertained and distinctly marked, in all such places as he shall deem necessary, and in such manner as he shall direct, any other boundary lines between the United States and any Indian tribe, which now are, or hereafter may be established by treaty.
Sec. 21. And be it further enacted , That the President of the United States be authorised to take such measures from time to time, as to him may appear expedient to prevent or restrain the vending or distributing of spirituous liquors among all or any of the said Indian tribes, any thing herein contained to the contrary thereof notwithstanding.
Sec. 22. And be it further enacted , That this act shall be in force from the passage thereof; and so far as respects the proceedings under this act, it is to be understood, that the act, entitled "An act to amend an act, entitled, an act giving effect to the laws of the United States within the district of Tennessee," is not to operate.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. A. BURR, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. APPROVED, March 30, 1802. TH. JEFFERSON, President of the United States.
At a meeting of the Transylvania Philosophical Society, held at the University, on the 24th April, 1802—on motion—Ordered, that the dissertation of A. Beatty esq. read at the February meeting, be published.
JOHN TILFORD, Sec'y. A THEORY
of Congelation, Evaporation, the formation of Clouds, and the production of Rain and Snow.
These different branches of Natural Philosophy, appear to me to be so intimately connected, that I have thought it necessary to treat of them altogether; tho' my attention in this paper, will be chiefly confined to an illustration of the causes and phenomena attending the process of Evaporation and Congestion. In a subsequent paper, I shall extend my enquiries to the other branches of this subject; and will endeavor, as well as the slender data upon which all our enquiries on this subject depend, will admit, to account for the various phenomena attending these most useful operations of nature, together with their probable causes.
To understand perfectly the theory of Evaporation and Congelation, and all the regular and beautiful phenomena attending these processes, it is absolutely necessary that we should be well acquainted with the doctrine of latent heat. An investigation, however, of this curious subject, does not come within the bounds which I have allotted myself, in this article. I shall therefore only mention the general principles, on which the doctrine of latent heat depends; taking generally as my guide, the opinions of the very ingenious Dr. Black, who is entitled to all the merit of being the author of this most useful discovery; a discovery, which has done more towards advancing knowledge in Natural Philosophy, than which has been made either before or since.
Dr. Black considers the element of fire, or according to the new nomenclature, caloric , a fluid distinct from all other material substances; that it exists in all bodies throughout nature; and that all terrestrial substances are hot in proportion to the quantity of fluid contained; and not in proportion to the force with which it moves in them. This element of fire exists in two different states; the one sensible , which affects our senses, and the thermometer, the other latent , which affects neither, and is only discoverable by a chemical process. This, like other fluids, has a constant tendency to preserve an equilibrium. Hence all bodies preserve the same temperature, unless it is destroyed by some accidental circumstance; and as often as this accidental circumstance is removed, the equilibrium will be restored. But altho' the temperature of all bodies, under like circumstances, is the same, yet the absolute heat , or quantity of
caloric contained in them, is very different. This proceeds from the different capacities , which different bodies possess, for containing caloric. This capacity , in different bodies, is in proportion to their density. Thus fluids more rare or thin, possess a greater, and those more dense, a lesser capacity , for containing this fluid. Hence water is capable of containing a greater quantity of caloric than mercury; spirit of wine, more than water; ether, more than spirit of wine; and air, more than either of them. Thus, if water be transformed from its liquid into a solid state, by congelation, its capacity for containing caloric is thereby diminished: and, on the contrary, if transformed by evaporation into vapour, its capacity for containing this fluid, is greatly increased.
 That these are facts, will appear from the following observations. When two equal masses of the same substance, heated to different degrees, are mixed together, the heat of the mixture ought to be an arithmetical mean betwixt the two extremes. This is found invariably to hold good, where the mixture is of the same substance. As where a pound of water at a temperature of 40 degrees of Fahrenheit, is mixed with a pound at a temperature of 80, the result will be found to be a temperature of 60, the exact medium between the two extremes. The result will be the same where two equal masses of wine, or of ether, or of mercury, heated to different degrees, are mixed together. But the result will be very different, where two substances are mixed, whose capacity for containing caloric, is different. As mercury and water; water and spirit of wine; spirit of wine and ether; or ice and water. Thus ice, newly frozen, is generally 32 deg. of Fahrenheit's thermometer; now suppose the water which dissolves it, to be 162, the arithmetical mean is 97; but the mixture where the masses composing it are equal, indicates only a temperature of 32. Hence it follows, that water in its solid, contains 130 deg. of caloric less than in its liquid state. For all the caloric which the water contained above 32, viz. 130 deg. has left the water, and employed itself in dissolving the ice; and being just sufficient to effect its dissolution, has left the water formed by the melting of the ice at 32, a temperature which it always retains until the dissolution is completely effected. By this operation 130 deg. of heat is apparently lost. This cannot be the case; we must therefore conclude, that these 130 deg. of heat have employed themselves as above, in transforming water from its solid to its liquid state: and consequently that the difference of the capacity of water for containing caloric in its liquid and solid state, is 130 deg. That this is the difference of the capacity of water for containing caloric in these two different states, will also appear from an experiment made in a different manner. If equal quantities of frozen and liquid water, both at a temperature of 32 deg. be placed in a like situation for acquiring heat, as, for instance, in vessels of the same kind, placed on a red hot plate of iron, equally heated in all its parts, it is found that the water will be heated to 162 deg. precisely in the time required to completely dissolve the ice; and at the very instant this is effected, it is also found, that the water thus formed, is at a temperature of 32. Thus the water in the liquid state, has acquired 130 deg. of heat in addition to what it previously possessed, while that in the solid state, has not in the least degree increased its temperature. By both these experiments therefore, we have a right to conclude, that ice at 32 deg. requires 130 deg. of heat, to render it liquid: and that its capacity for containing caloric, is that many degrees less than the capacity of water for containing the same fluid. 
 There has yet been found no method by which the absolute quantity of caloric contained in any substance, may be ascertained. Methods however have been discovered by which we are enabled to determine, in many cases, their relative quantities, as in that just mentioned of ice and water. And in experiments on other substances, the result is invariably as I have already stated, viz. the thinner the fluid the greater its capacity for containing caloric. But although the absolute quantity of caloric contained in any substance, cannot be precisely established, yet it has been ascertained, that the quantity contained in all substances is very great. The quantity contained in the steam of boiling water, or, according to the new nomenclature, aqueous gas, is almost incredible. 212 of Fahrenheit, is the utmost degree of heat which water is capable of sustaining, unless some degree of pressure is used, in Papin's digester, or an admixture of saline substances. The temperature of the gas emitted from boiling water, cannot therefore exceed 212 deg. except in the cases just mentioned. All the heat or caloric therefore, contained in aqueous gas beyond 212 deg. of Fahrenheit, must be contained in a latent state, that is, a state which does not affect the sense or the thermometer. What is this preternatural quantity, I have already observed, we are able to discover. But from an experiment made by Dr. Black, it is proved to be immensely great, for he was able to change several hundred degrees from a latent to a sensible state by a condensation of the gas in the refrigeratory of a common still. The experiment is an extremely simple one. Suppose a refrigeratory, or, as it is usually called, the cooler of a common still to contain 100 lbs. of water, and that one pound has been distilled; if the pound of steam which has been caused thus to pass through the worm in the cooler, has communicated to the whole mass of water 10 deg. of heat in addition to 
 This experiment was repeated by Mr. Watt in a manner still more satisfactory, by a distillation of water in vacuo. The gas, being thus freed from the pressure of the atmosphere, could not receive such a degree of sensible heat, as in the common method of distillation. It came over therefore, with a very gentle warmth, scarcely more than the hand could bear; nevertheless it had absorbed as much heat as if the distillation had been performed in the common way; for the water in the cooler had 1000 degrees of heat communicated to it. These experiments shew that the capacity of aqueous gas for containing caloric is superior to that of water for containing the same fluid by more than 800 degrees. 
 This fact is also established by an experiment of a different kind, and similar nearly to the one I have already mentioned for determining the quantity of heat necessary to render ice liquid. 
 Dr. Black having procured what is called a kitchen-table, or a thick plate of cast iron, one end of which was made sensibly red hot, set upon it some iron vessels with circular flat bottoms, of about 4 inches in diameter, and which contained a quantity of water, at a temperature of 54 degrees. In four minutes it began to boil, and consequently had in that space of time received 158 degrees of heat. It however required 18 minutes more to cause the whole of the water to evaporate; 711 degrees of heat therefore penetrated this water without in the least increasing its temperature. As water or steam, except in the cases beforementioned, cannot receive more than 212 deg. of sensible heat, there is no way of accounting for the manner in which these 711 deg. of heat are employed, and what has become of them, but by supposing that they are contained in the gas produced by evaporation, in a latent state. Dr. Black does not mention the quantity of water evaporated in 18 minutes: if it was a pound, this experiment shews the comparative capacities of water and aqueous gas to be nearly what I have already stated. This experiment, however, is not so accurate as the former. For besides the 158 degrees of sensible heat, which enters the water during the four minutes, which are required to set it to boiling, a very considerable allowance ought to be made for the heat, which the gas produced during these four minutes, carries off with it. During the second period of four minutes, a sufficient quantity of gas is produced to carry off the whole of the heat which the water has received, viz. 158 deg. I think therefore it will not be too much to suppose that as enough is produced during the first four minutes, to carry off in a latent and sensible state, 42 deg. of heat. These added to 158, make 200 deg. which the water receives during the first four minutes, and consequently during the eighteen minutes which were necessary for its complete evaporation, 900 deg. of heat were actually absorbed and carried off in a latent state, instead of 711, as supposed by doct. Black. Another objection to the accuracy of this experiment is, that it will only answer on the supposition, that the plate of Iron, on which the water is set, retains, during the whole of the process, the same degree of heat. 
Thus, altho' we are not able to determine the quantity of caloric contained in water, yet we know from these experiments, that its contents are about 150 deg. more in it liquid than in its solid state; and upwards of 800 deg. more in its gaseous state than either of the others. And we are also justified, from these well known facts, in supposing that immense quantities of the same fluid are contained in other substances in nature.
The limits of this paper will not admit of going into a fuller investigation concerning the nature of latent heat, or, according to the new nomenclature, caloric, by which is meant, that fluid, which, according to different modes of action, occasions alternately the sensations of heat and cold.
[TO BE CONTINUED.]
Lexington, April 30.
Departed this life on the 18th inst. s. Graig, confort of the Revd. Elijah raig of Georgetown.
This morning, after a short but fe- e in less, Mr. Joseph Smith, student.
By letters from Dublin of 16th Feb. appears that James Napper Tandy was arrested, in consequence of proceedings Amens.
It appears by accounts from Cape François, that Le Clerc has ordered all inhabitants of the country places to have taken refuge in the towns, to return back to their respective habitations from whence they are not to depart without passports—That several of Le Clerc's officers were killed, and himself generals Dessaix and Devaux wounded in an engagement on the 10th March, in which the French were victorious, but with a great number of men—That Toussaint

faint's general Dessaline had been defeated in the neighborhood of St. Marc, and himself wounded through the body---That Toussaint had written to the general in chief, to general Boyer, and to the municipality, advising the inhabitants and government to remove and embark their persons and property within eight days, or that he would come into the city and massacre every white man, woman and child in it.
PRIVATE ENTERTAINMENT.
WILLIAM EDWARDS
RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the public in general, that he has taken that elegant BRICK HOUSE opposite Bradford's Printing office; where he intends keeping
PRIVATE ENTERTAINMENT
FOR MAN AND HORSE.
From the commodious construction of the house, and the attention that will be paid to those who may please to call on him, he flatters himself that he will merit and receive a portion of the public favors.
SELECT PARTIES
May at any time be accommodated with private rooms.
Lexington, April 30th, 1802.
FOR SALE, FOR CASH
285 ACRES OF FIRST RATE LAND, LYING on the Rolling Fork of Salt River, opposite Gooden's station, and near to the road leading from Bairdstown to Hardin Court house, about half way between the two places; good title, being a choice piece out of Honeyman's 2,000 acre tract.
Also 1500 ACRES, the one moiety of 3,000 acres of military land, located for F. Woodson, in 1780, on the Ohio; it is land of the best quality, but has been taken within the Indian boundary and will, therefore, be sold at a price so low, as to authorise a monied man to purchase on speculation. For terms enquire of Mr. John Caldwell, of Bairdstown; Mr. Geo. Clarke, of Fayette, or of CUTH. BANKS.
Lexington, April 28th, 1802. 6tf
TAKEN up by the subscriber, Clarke county, near Boonsborough, ONE SORREL MARE, A star in her forehead, supposed to be seven years old, about fourteen hands high, branded supposed to be S on the near shoulder and jaw, valued to £13 10.
Also
One small SORREL HORSE, About three years old, with a small bell on, a small star in his forehead, about fourteen hands high, no brand perceivable, valued to £10.
3tf
JOHN DYCKE.
Feb. 23, 1802.
A LIST OF LETTERS
REMAINING in the post-office Danville, Ky. which if not taken out within three months, will be sent to the general post office as dead letters.
 A—Jac. Albaugh, Danville.  B—W. Breathed, care of Mr. White-fides, Logan court-house.  D—Thos. T. Davis, near Danville, Ky. 3.  F—Joshua Fry, forwarded to Danville, Ky.  C. Freeman, Danville, Ky.  G—George Givens, near Danville, Ky.  L—Jos. Lewis, Mercer cy. Thos. Shaw, Cumberland, to be left in Danville, Ky.  M—Jonathan Miller, Lincoln, cy. near Danville.  R—Wm. Rugless, Danville, Ky. Caleb H. Rukitts, Danville, Ky.  S—Thomas Shaw, Danville, Ky. care of Mr. More.  T—William Turner, Danville, Ky.  Jos. HERTICK, P. M. 1st April, 1802.
M I L L S
FOR SALE.
THE subscriber has for sale 196 ACRES OF LAND, Lying on Lower Howard's creek, in Clarke county, the former property of James Bryant.
There is on it an elegant TWO STORY DWELLING HOUSE, A GOOD COUNTRY GRIST MILL, A GOOD NEW FULLING MILL, in good repair, well established; A GOOD STILL HOUSE.
The buildings all well built of Stone, with other improvements.
A MEADOW, ORCHARD, and other LAND in cultivation; with never failing SPRINGS of the best of water.
The whole will be sold together or a part; with a MILL SEAT.
The best that is known in this county, for a Merchant Mill; the convenience and quality of STONE for building is scarce to be found---it is within two miles of Boonsborough, six of Winchester, fifteen of Lexington. A general warranty deed will be given. Terms will be made known by the subscriber living on the premises.
WILLIAM TAYLOR.
April 14th, 1802.
VALUABLE MEDICINES, AT REDUCED PRICES.
THE public are respectfully informed, that the PATENT MEDICINES hitherto in the hands of messrs. MACLEAN & POYZER, will in future be sold by Mr. NATHANIEL HART, only, in Lexington, messrs. M. & P. having relinquished the agency in his favor. A fresh supply of the following are received from LEE & Co. Baltimore.
DR. HAMILTON'S ELIXIR.
A sovereign remedy for Colds, obstinate Coughs, Asthmas, sore Throats and approaching Consumption. To Parents who have Children afflicted with the HOOP-ING COUGH.
This discovery is of the first magnitude, as it affords immediate relief, checks the progress, and in a short time entirely removes the most cruel disorder to which children are liable. The Elixir is so perfectly agreeable, and the dose so small that no difficulty arises in taking it.
INFALLIBLE AGUE AND FEVER DROPS.
For the Cure of Agues, remittent and intermittent Fevers.
Thousands can testify of their being cured by these drops, after the bark and every other medicine has proved ineffectual; and not one in an hundred had occasion to take more than one, numbers not half a bottle.
Extract of a letter from Dr. Henry C. Soper, Kent County, Delaware.
"I have given the ague drops to a number of patients this fall, and with constant success; in some obstinate cases they acted like a charm, the diseases yielding in a day or two to this remedy, after resisting the barks for months, and when they had been thrown in the largest doses."
TOOTH-ACHE DROPS.
The only remedy yet discovered which gives immediate and lasting relief in the most severe instances.
DR. HAHN'S TRUE AND GENUINE GERMÁN CORN PLAISTER.
For corns speedily removing them root and branch without giving pain.
DR. HAMILTON'S GRAND RESTORATIVE.
Is recommended as an invaluable medicine for the speedy relief and permanent cure of the various complaints which result from dissipated pleasures - Juvenile indiscretions - residence in climates unfavorable to the constitution - the immoderate use of tea - frequent intoxication - or any other destructive intemperance - the unskillful or excessive use of mercuries - the diseases peculiar to females at a certain period of life - bad lyings in, &c. &c.
And it is proved by long and extensive experience to be absolutely unparalled in the cure of Violent cramps in the stomach and back, Nervous disorders, Consumption, Indigestion, Lowness of spirits, Melancholy, Loss of appetite, Relaxations, Impurities of the blood, Involuntary emissions, Hysterical affections, Obstinate gleets, Inward weakness, Fluor albus, &c.
The principal operation of this remedy is in the stomach, restoring the digestive powers and sending forth from that organ new health and vigour into every part of the system; it enriches and purifies the blood without endangering it; braces without stimulating too violently the nervous system; strengthens the secretory vessels and the general habit; brings back the muscular fibres to their natural and healthy tone, and restores the nutrition which immediate evacuations have destroyed and whose loss had thrown the whole frame into languor and debility.
In cases of extremity, where the long prevalence and obstinacy of disease has brought on a general impoverishment of the system, excessive debility of the whole frame, and a wasting of the flesh which no nourishment or cordial could repair, a perseverance in the use of this medicine has performed the most astonishing cures.
HAMILTON'S ESSENCE AND EXTRACT OF MUSTARD.
A safe and effectual remedy for rheumatism, gout, palsy, sprains and bruises, white swellings, old strains, and relaxations, numbness and weakness of the joints, stiffness of the neck, pains of the side, head ache, swelled faces, frozen limbs, and every similar complaint. It prevents chilblains, or chopped hands, and the ill effects of getting wet or damp in the feet.
The extract is celebrated for removing cold and windy complaints in the stomach and bowels, flying pains, and other spasmodic affections.
The testimony of thousands, and daily experience fully certify the superiority of the above medicines over all others, in the cure of the maladies we have enumerated.
Letter from Dr. Weatherburn. Wythe county, Virg. October 7, 1801.
Gentlemen, I purchased at your shop the preparations you call Hamilton's Essence and Extract of Mustard, which I believe has perfectly removed a chronic rheumatism (of that kind named Sciatica, or of the hip joint) under which I had laboured for a long time, and which had baffled every article in Materia Medica, and every mode of treatment received into practice for the cure of this obstinate disease.
If you think this letter may be useful, you are at liberty to make it public.
P. WEATHERBURN.
Messrs. R. Lee & Co.
DR. HAHN'S ANTI-BILIOUS PILLS.
The operation of these Pills is perfectly mild, so as to be used with safety by persons in every situation, and of every age.
They are excellently adapted to carry off superfluous bile and prevent its morbid secretions - to restore and amend the appetite to procure a free perspiration, and thereby prevent colds which are often attended with fatal consequences - a dose never fails to remove a cold, if taken on its first appearance. They are celebrated for removing habitual costiveness - sickness at the stomach, and severe head aches - and ought to be taken by all persons on a change of climate.
PERSIAN LOTION.
So celebrated among the fashionable throughout Europe is an invaluable cosmetic, perfectly innocent and safe, from corrosive and repellant minerals, (the basis of other lotions) and of unparalleled efficacy in preventing and removing blemishes of the face and skin of every kind, particularly freckles, pimples, inflammatory redness, scurf, tetter, ring worms, sun burns, prickly heat, premature wrinkles, &c. The Persian Lotion operates mildly, without impeding that natural insensible perspiration, which is essential to health, yet its effects are speedy and permanent.
render the skin delicately soft and smooth, improving the complexion and restoring the bloom of youth.
DR. HAHN'S GENUINE EYE WATER.
A sovereign remedy for all diseases of the eyes, whether the effect of natural weakness or of accident - defluxions of rheums, dullness, itching, and films on the eyes, never failing to cure those maladies which frequently succeed the small pox, measles and fevers & wonderfully strengthening a weak sight - Hundreds have experienced its excellent virtues when nearly deprived of sight.
THE RESTORATIVE POWDER FOR THE TEETH AND GUMS.
This excellent preparation comforts and strengthens the gums, preserves the enamel from decay, and cleanses and whitens the teeth, absorbing all that acrimonious slime and foulness, which suffered to accumulate never fails to injure and finally ruin them.
THE DAMASK LIP SALVE.
Is recommended (particularly to the ladies) as an elegant and pleasant preparation for chopped and sore lips, and every blemish and inconvenience occasioned by colds, fevers, &c. speedily restoring a beautiful rosy colour and delicate softness to the lips.
THE ANODYNE ELIXIR.
For the cure of all kinds of Head Aches.
FOR THE CURE OF VENEREAL COMPLAINTS.
The patent Indian Vegetable Specific, prepared by Dr. Leroux.
CHURCH'S COUGH DROPS.
HAMILTON'S WORM-DESTROYING LOZENGES.
Description of worms, and the symptoms by which they are known.
Worms which infest the human body, are chiefly of four kinds, viz the Tæres, or large round worm, the Cucurbitina, or short flat white worm, the Ascarides or small maw worm, and lastly, the Tænia, or tape worm, so called from its resemblance to tape - this is often many yards long, and is full of joints - it is most hurtful, and most difficult to cure.
Among the symptoms attending worms, are, disagreeable breath, especially in the morning, bad and corrupted gums - itching in the nose and about the seat - convulsions and epileptic fits, and sometimes privation or speech - starting and grinding of the teeth in sleep - irregular appetite, sometimes loathing food, and sometimes voracious - purging, with slimy and fetid stools - vomiting - large and hard belly - pains and sickness at the stomach - pains in the head and thighs with lowness of spirits - low fever, with small and irregular pulse - a dry cough - excessive thirst - sometimes pale and unhealthy countenance, and sometimes the face bloated and flushed.
Persons afflicted with any of the above symptoms, should have immediate recourse to Hamilton's Worm Destroying Lozenges, which have been constantly attended with success in all complaints similar to those above described.
This medicine, which is innocent and mild, as it is certain and efficacious in its operation, cannot injure the youngest infant, or the most delicate pregnant lady, should no worms exist in the body; but will, without pain or griping, cleanse the stomach and bowels, removing whatever is foul or offensive within, particularly that slimy humor from whence worms and many fatal disorders proceed.
Children generally take this medicine with eagerness, having a pleasing appearance and agreeable taste.
As upwards one hundred and twenty thousand persons of both sexes, and of every age, have received benefit from this extraordinary medicine, a multitude of certificates of cures may be seen, in addition to those already published.
A dose of this medicine given occasionally will effectually prevent the vomiting and purging of children, a dreadful disorder which annually destroys thousands of the infant part of our cities. It is like with the mildest and most certain remedy known, and has restored to health and strength a great number who in an advanced stage of this fatal complaint - particular and plain instructions are given for every part of the necessary treatment in such cases.
Letter from Mr. Benj. Williams, No. 50, Baltimore Street, two doors above South-Gay Street.
Gentlemen,
I have a son six years of age, who for four years past has been generally in a very unhealthy state, particularly in the summer; frequently afflicted with a learning convulsion fits, the whole of his little frame wasting fast, his breath became fetid, an almost constant itching of the nose was excited, with other alarming symptoms. During the course of the above period, the advice and attendance of three of the most eminent physicians in Baltimore was successively procured. Each of these gentlemen in their turn declared worms to be the cause of his disorder, and exhausted their skill in attempts to expel them, pink root, steel filings, with a variety of other medicines were administered without the least success. It was once pronounced impossible for the child to live many hours.
I had frequently heard of your Worm Destroying Lozenges, but like many others, did not think highly of so cheap a medicine, until a gentleman of my acquaintance (Mr. Wm. S. Moore) in whose family they had been used with good effect, advised me to make a trial of them. I accordingly gave my son a dose, agreeable to directions, which soon expelled eight large worms, some of them about 12 inches in length; a second dose brought away four more of similar size; a third dose being administered, no worm appeared. The child recovered, and now enjoys a good state of health.
BENJ. WILLIAMS. Messrs. Richd. Lee, & Co.
THE SOVEREIGN OINTMENT FOR THE ITCH.
Which is warranted an infallible remedy at one application, and may be used with perfect safety by pregnant women, or on infants a week old, not containing a particle of mercury, or any dangerous ingredient whatever; and is not accompanied with that tormenting smart which attends the application of other remedies.
CAUTION.
*** Those who value their Money and their health, and wish to procure the Genuine Medicines, will apply only as above.
Just received, and for sale at this Office: A quantity of
WRITING & WRAPPING PAPER.
Also a number of BLANK BOOKS.
Paris District, June Term 1801.
William Morrow, Complainant
AGAINST
William Hinkson, Defendant.
IN CHANCERY.
The defendant not having entered his appearance herein agreeably to the act of Assembly and rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this commonwealth. On the motion of the complainant by his counsel - It is ordered that the said defendant do appear here on the third day of the next October term, and answer the complainant's bill, and that a copy of this order be inserted in one of the Gazettes of this state for two months successively, and another posted at the door of the Court house in Paris, and published at the front door of the Presbyterian meeting-house in Paris, some Sunday immediately after divine service.
A Copy.
Thos. Arnold, clk.
TAKEN up by the subscriber living on Hinkson, in the county of Bourbon, one BAY MARE, seven years old, shod all round, no brand perceivable, trots natural, about fourteen hands high, blind of the off eye - Appraised to £7 10. Samuel Wilson.
Dec. 10 1801.
TAKE NOTICE.
THAT on Thursday the 27th of May next, we or one of us will attend the Commissioner appointed by the county court of Harrison county, under the act of assembly entitled "an act to reduce into one the several acts to ascertain the boundaries of land and for other purposes." To take the depositions of witnesses to establish the calls of an entry made in the name of Josiah Watson of 5,000 acres of land on a branch of Licking waters, now called the North Fork of Raven creek, lying about two miles above the Bullock-Pen, on said creek in Harrison county - The commissioners to meet at the house of Andrew Hampton, and proceed from thence to the land - And to do such further acts as may be deemed necessary and agreeable to the above recited act.
SAML. M'MILLEN, JOHN TAYLOR.
Lexington, 14th April, 1802.
N. B. Notice similar to the above, was given in September last, but from some unforeseen circumstance, the parties did not attend.
BY LAST EVENING'S MAIL.
LONDON, February 28.
It was yesterday in current circulation in the city, that the Emporer of Russia has made a strong remonstrance to the Chief Consul on the step he had taken in regard to Italy.
A force is to be established at Jamaica, competent to counteract any possible inconvenience which might result from the introduction of so large a body of French troops into St. Domingo, as have been recently sent thither.
PHILADELPHIA, April 16.
Extract of a letter from Cape Francois of March 22d -
"The celebrated post of Crete a Pierrot was carried on a second attack of Gen. Le Clerc's troops. There now remains only a horde of vagabond blacks who do all the mischief in their power by burning and destroying every thing they can.
"The adjutant general of Toussaint, a white man who formerly served in the regiment of Orleans, has been arrested, and himself with several chests of money found in his possession have been sent to Port Republican, where he is now confined. The troops of General Le Clerc are night and day traversing the plains, mountains and rivers without complaining of fatigue. When we consider that they began the campaign destitute of necessaries, it is surprising how healthy they are."
It is stated in a letter from London received in this city, of date the 20th Feb. last, that Spain has probably protested against the cession of Trinidad to the British, but that apartments were fitting up at Amiens for the first consul Buonaparte, when it was hoped the treaty would be concluded.
An article from Genoa, dated the 15th January, says:
"If we may give credit to the letters from Tunis, the Grand Seignor has given notice to all the powers of Barbary, that they must at a fixed period release all the Slaves in their possession, of whatsoever nation they may be."

SACRED TO THE MUSES.
THE UNHAPPY.
Why am I sad, I exclaim, Can friendship no comfort impart, Ah no, her efforts are vain, They add to the pangs of my heart.
I once was so cheerful and gay, They call'd me the daughter of joy; I laugh'd at the cares of the day, Nor once thought I could have an alloy.
How oft, on a mild summer eve, Have I mix'd with the nymphs on the green, How flatter'd from them to receive The invite, to enliven the scene.
Under the shade of some favorite trees, As the stream moved sweetly along, We would set to enjoy the cool breeze, And catch the soft note of the song.
With regret I now turn from their view, My bosom it heaves a deep sigh; As I tenderly bid them adieu, And tell them their Emma must die.
Your friendship so cherish'd and dear, Thy friend from death cannot save, She asks but one sacred tear, Should you chance to pass over her grave. EMMA.
ANECDOTE.
A Gentleman once coming up to a large crowd, asked an Irishman what was the matter?—"Nothing at all at all," cried he "they are only forcing a man to turn volunteer."
FOR SALE,
THE Property lately occupied in this town, by Mr. Arthur Thompson, and at present by Mr. Delleum, consisting of Two New Two Story
FRAME HOUSES,
Neatly finished, large and convenient Cellars, a large frame Stable and Kitchen, good Smoke House, and Three Lots belonging to the above premises. Also two hundred acres of GOOD QUALIFIED LAND, lying on the head of Salt River, about seven miles from this town; the title clear of every kind of dispute; the Land is well watered, but entirely unimproved. A liberal credit will be given for the payment, and the whole amount will be received in Produce. The terms will be made known by application to Messrs. Cochrane & Thurby, merchants, of Philadelphia, or the subscriber, in Danville.
Danville, 9th February, 1801 J. BIRNEY. djj
NOTICE.
PUBLIC ENTERTAINMENT
Will be kept at the
SIGN OF THE BUFFALOE,
On Main street, in Lexington, opposite the Public square.
DANVILLE DISTRICT, &c.
January Term, 1802.
Cuthbert Harrison, Complainant.
against
James Barbour, Thomas } Defendants. Holt, and Philip Barbour, }
IN CHANCERY.
THE defendant Holt, not having entered his appearance herein, agreeably to law and the rules of this court and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that the said defendant is not an inhabitant of this state; on the motion of the complainant, by his counsel, it is ordered that he do appear here, on the third day of the next May term, and answer the complainant's bill; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Kentucky Gazette, for two months successively; another copy posted up at the courthouse door, and a third copy published at the Danville meeting house door some Sunday immediately after divine service.
A copy. Teste, WILLIS GREEN, C. D. D. C.
WAGON'S
R. BRADLEY
RESPECTFULLY announces that he succeeds Major WAGON, in the commodious Brick House and Stables, which he lately occupied in this place, with a revision of assistants and servants, arranged to respective departments; which together with that peculiar respect shewn himself while with Major Wagon, emboldens him to anticipate a patronage from GENTLE GUESTS, ONLY, as durable as his solicitude to please.
Lexington, 15th Feb. 1802.
THE President and Directors of the Kentucky insurance company, think it their duty to inform their fellow citizens and the public in general, that they are now organized, and ready to receive proposals to insure vessels or boats of every description, on their voyages up or down the Western waters, or at sea. Application may be made at their office in Lexington, accompanied with declaration of the shipper and certificate containing the name, burthen, dimensions and the goodness of the said vessel or boat, their being well found for the intended voyage, the bill of lading or manifest of the cargo, the port from which they sail and place of destination. Further information may be had at their office.
Lexington, 1st February, 1802.
NEW & CHEAP STORE.
Lewis Sanders, & Co.
HAVE received from Philadelphia, and are now opening a choice and general assortment of
MERCHANDIZE,
Consisting of DRY GOODS, viz.
 Superfine Cloths,  Velvets and Fancy Cords,  India Muslins, which they would sell low for cash, by the original package.  Figured, plain & glazed cambric do.  Tambores & plain Jacconet do.  Ditto Book ditto,  A choice assortment of Chintzes & Calicos of the newest and most fashionable patterns;  India silk, Romals & Bandanas,  Irish Linen, sold very low by the piece;  Lutestrings, Sartins & Saranets,  Marseilles Waistcoating,  A large assortment of Umbrellas, &c.  A very general assortment of Hardware, German, Crawley & English Blister steel, Vices,  A general assortment of Saddlery &c.  China, Glass, Queen's & Tin ware.  Groceries,  Coffee, Teas,  Spices, Dye Stuffs,  Best Red Bark for sale by the pound or larger quantity;  Port Wine,  Bengall, Spanish and French Indigo,  Amatto,  Cotton and Wool Cards, &c. &c. 
Having laid in the above assortment on such terms as will enable them to give greater bargains than has heretofore been given in this place, they flatter themselves that the purchaser will find it his interest to give them a call. No credit on any terms whatever.
Lexington, 2d April, 1802.
ALEXANDER PARKER & Co.
Have just imported from Philadelphia, and opened at their STORE, in Lexington, on Main Street, opposite the Court house,
A Very Large, and Well Assorted Cargo
of
 MERCHANDIZE,  Consisting of  DRY GOODS,  GROCERIES,  HARD WARE,  QUEENS, GLASS, CHINA,  WARES, &c. 
Which have been laid in on lower terms than usual, and which will be sold accordingly, for Cash, Hemp, and Country made Sugar. To avoid the great trouble and expence attending the collection of debts, no accounts will be opened.
Lexington, April 1, 1802.
LAST NOTICE.
ALL those indebted to the subscriber, by bond, note, or book account—likewise those indebted to the estates of JAMES & WILLIAM PARKER deceased, are requested to make payment of the respective sums due, before the first of June next. Those who fail to comply with this notice, may depend on suits being commenced against them without discrimination.
ALEXANDER PARKER. Lexington, April 1, 1802.
LAST NOTICE
In the case of JOHN NANCARROW [A BANKRUPT.]
WHEREAS a commission of Bankruptcy, founded upon the act of Congress of the United States, passed on the fourth day of April 1800, entitled "An act to establish an uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the United States," has been awarded and issued against John Nancarrow, in the town of Lexington and district of Kentucky, merchant; and he has been declared a bankrupt. Wherefore the said John Nancarrow is hereby required to surrender himself, to the commissioners, in the said commission named, or the major part of them on the 10th and 24th days of April, and on the 8th day of May next, at 3 o'clock in the afternoon of each day, at the office of the District court in the town of Lexington, and make a full discovery and disclosure of his estate and effects, when and where his creditors are to come prepared to prove their debts, and at the second sitting to choose assignees, and at the last sitting the said Bankrupt is required to finish his examination: All persons indebted to said Bankrupt, or who have any of his effects, are not to pay or deliver the same but to whom the commissioners shall appoint.
Will. Morton, John Bradford, John Jordan, jun. } Comfrs. Lexington, March 27th 1802.
For the information of those who wish to make INSURANCE.
APPLICATION for insurance must be accompanied with a certificate, specifying the length and width of the vessel or boat, the cable, stern-fall, number of oars, pump and canoe or skiff, the number of hands, &c. which ought to be given by persons who are judges, and who are disinterested reputable men.
A bill of lading signed by the captain, or a manifest signed by the inspector, which shall specify the whole of the cargo on board, or to be put on board—it must also state where the boat or vessel lies—where she will take her departure; or if she has failed, the time when, and the port to which she is bound; and if any information has been received from her since she failed, it must be communicated. The insurance does not commence until the vessel is under way, on her intended voyage and the premium paid.
In all cases of loss, if practicable, a survey must be made by disinterested men, who are to state in writing, what in their opinion is necessary to be done, for the interest of the parties concerned; as also a protest to be entered by the captain on oath, in which the hands must join, stating particularly the loss, where and how it happened, and what cargo was then on board.
In case a boat or vessel be lost, it is the duty of the captain and hands, to use all possible means to recover the whole or as much as possible, of the cargo, for which labor and expence, the insurers will pay their proportionable part.
No boat which is insured, must attempt to pass the Falls of the Ohio, without taking a pilot on board.
Any shipper, who intends to tarry at any port or place on the voyage, for the benefit of trading, or other purposes, must have an article to that effect, inserted in the policy of insurance.
Published by order of the Directors, WILLIAM MACBEAN, CLK. March 4th, 1802.
A LARGE, ELEGANT, AND WELL CHOSEN ASSORTMENT OF GOODS,
Just received, now opening And For Sale at the STORE of JOHN A. SEITZ. Lexington, Feb. 3d, 1802
WANTED,
A QUANTITY OF
MERCHANTABLE WHISKEY,
(If delivered at Frankfort would be preferred)
Apply to MACBEAN & POYZER. Lexington, 26th, Feb. 1802.
AS my Son Tandy Rutherford, has without any just cause eloped from out of my care, or jurisdiction, I hereby forwarn any person or persons, whatever, from dealing with him, or harbouring him by any means, as I shall not spare putting the law in force against any body that will be liable for the above breach, &c. Archibald Rutherford. March 23, 1802.
NOTICE.
AS I have invented a Machine for the CUTTING OF NAILS, which will on a moderate calculation, cut one thousand pounds of Iron into Nails of any size, in twelve hours; and have shewn a model thereof, to a number of my friends and acquaintances; also, have taken the proper steps to obtain a patent for the same, I do hereby forwarn all persons from making use of said invention, under the penalty of what the law directs in such cases.
EDWD. WEST. Lexington, 24th March, 1802.
TAKEN up by the subscriber living on Muddy creek, a BAY HORSE, about 13 hands and a half high, has a star in his face, two saddle spots on his back, branded on the near shoulder thus I, judged to be four years old—Appraised to 30 dollars.
NATHAN LIPSCOMB. March 19, 1802.
I HAVE AN ORLEAN BOAT
FOR SALE, 45 FEET LONG & 14 WIDE, Strong & Well Built, with 4 OARS, CABLE, &c.
IT lies at Fulgerfon's ferry on the Kentucky river. For terms apply to the subscriber near the Crops-Plains, or the printer hereof.
Benjamin Grimes. April 15th, 1802.
WINCHESTER'S DIALOGUES, For sale at this office.
JAMES MACCOUN,
Has just received from Philadelphia, a large and well chosen assortment of MERCHANDIZE,
Of the latest importations from Europe, AND now opening at his Store on Main Street, nearly opposite the Market house, which will be sold at the LOWEST PRICES for CASH.
Also, from his Nail Manufactory, A constant supply of Cut and Hammered NAILS, of the best quality. Lexington, January 18, 1802.
NOTICE
HAVING removed my family to a farm in the neighborhood of Lexington, and intending still to do my business in town, I think it necessary to inform my clients that except during the sessions of the Court of Appeals, General Court, and Circuit Court of the United States for Kentucky and the Territories North-West of the Ohio, I shall attend at my office, in Lexington, every day, from nine o'clock in the morning, until one in the afternoon, at which time and place, all who have business with me must attend.
J. HUGHES. Lexington, September 11th, 1801.
WHEREAS MARY my wife has eloped from my bed and board, and has acted contrary to prudence or decency; this is therefore to caution all persons trusting or harbouring her, as I am determined not to pay any thing she contracts after this date.
JOHN RITCHIE. 3d April 1802.
DANVILLE DISTRICT, to wit:
January Term, 1802
Nathan Huston, and Joseph F. Lewis, } Complainants. Aagainst Spencer Griffin, Defendant.
IN CHANCERY.
THE defendant, having failed to enter his appearance herein, agreeable to law and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this state; on the motion of the complainants, by their counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here, on the third day of the next May Term, and answer the complainants' bill, and that a copy of the order be forthwith inserted in the Kentucky Gazette for two months successively; another copy posted up at the court house door, and a third copy published at the Danville meeting house door, some Sunday immediately after divine service.
A Copy. Teste, WILLIS GREEN, C. D. D. C.
CLARKE COUNTY.
March Court of Quarter Sessions 1802. Robert Clark jun. Compt.
James M c Millin, Robert M c Millin, Theodore Spaw, Gabriel Johnson, Gen. Washington Johnson, John Harrison & Mary his wife, Davis Floyd & Susanna his wife whether as heirs or adms. of the said Benj. Johnson & Betsey Johnson (widow) & James C. Johnson, son & heir of Wm. Johnson, who was another heir of the sd. Benj. Johnson & Lancelotte Jenkins & Anthony Jenkins, James Duncan & Wm. Rogers.
IN CHANCERY.
THE defendant Theodorus Spaw, not having entered his appearance herein agreeable to law and the rules of this court; and it appearing by satisfactory proof, that he is not an inhabitant of this state—on the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of the next June term, and answer the complainant's bill; otherwise the same will be taken for confessed—and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Kentucky Gazette for two months successively; another copy posted at the door of the court house, in the town of Winchester; and another copy published at the door of the Stone meeting house on Howard's creek, some Sunday immediately after Divine service.
(A Copy.) Teste David S. Collins, D.C.C.Q.S.
NOTICE.
I SHALL attend with commissioners appointed by the county court of Bourbon, on the 29th day of May next, to meet at the house of William Alkire and to proceed from thence to a Buckeye, marked B. D. on the north side of Hunting creek, now called Green creek and there to take the depositions of witnesses, to establish the calls and boundaries of an entry of 500 acres, made in the name of Joseph Dark, and to do such other acts as I may think proper and agreeable to law.
JOHN DARK. 20th April, 1802.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, living on the head waters of Clear creek, near Mount-Pleasant, one BAY HORSE, about fifteen hands high, twelve years old, docked and branded on the near shoulder I S a star in his forehead some saddle spots and shot all round.—Appraised to $15.
WILLIAM IRVINE. Dec. 24, 1801.