Rhode-Island Republican (Newport, R.I.), 1802-04-03 00:00:00

Rhode-Island Republican.
AN INDISSOLUBLE UNION OF THE STATES, IS ESSENTIAL TO THEIR LIBERTY AND EXISTENCE.—WASHINGTON.
Published weekly, by OLIVER FARNSWORTH, (Printer to the STATE, and of the LAWS of the UNITED STATES,) Thames-Street, NEWPORT.
State of Rhode-Island, March 20, 1802.
THE creditors of Abial Brown, of South-Kingstown, in the county of Washington, are hereby notified to appear at the General Assembly of the State aforesaid, on the first Wednesday of May next, then and there to show cause (if any they have) why the prayer of his petition for the benefit of an act passed at June Session, A. D. 1756, for the relief of insolvent debtors, ought not to be granted.
By order, B. HAZARD, Dep. Sec'y.
Connecticut Free Stone.
THE subscribers inform the public, that they will make Stone Stoves of the Franklin construction, which are said to be far preferable to those made of Iron; and will furnish them of any dimension, on the shortest notice, at their Shop on Job Shearman's wharf.
They intend carrying on the Stone Cutting Business, in its various branches, during the Summer. EARL & CONE. Newport, March 27, 1802. 78
REMOVAL.
Francis Anderson,
TAKES this method to inform his customers, and the public at large, that he has removed to his New Store, at the fourth side of the market, on Newman's wharf, where he proposes to carry on business under the firm of Anderson & Heath:
He has the same Assortment as before, and will sell as low as can be purchased in the State. He returns his sincere thanks to his former customers, and begs for a continuance of their favors. N. B. Masters of vessels may be supplied at the shortest notice, by calling at their Store. Newport, March 25, 1802. 78tf
To be Sold,
AT the Shop of Thomas Stevens, in Newport, a quantity of excellent clean Clover Seed, of the first quality, cheap for Cash. Newport, March 23, 1802. 78tf
TO BE SOLD,
A LOT of Land, lying in Middletown, on the main road leading to Bristol and Howland ferry; about two miles from the State-House in this town; containing four acres. Also, another Lot, about half a mile distant, containing twelve acres of good land, all under improvement. Both of said Lots are inclosed with excellent stone wall. For terms, apply to JOSEPH PECKHAM. Newport, March 27, 1802. 78tf
State of Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations.
IN GENERAL ASSEMBLY, February Session, A. D. 1802.
AN ACT for limiting the time for bringing into the General-Treasury certain evidences of the State debt, and for barring all future claims.
BE it enacted by the General Assembly, and by the authority thereof it is hereby enacted, That the holders of the different kinds of State Notes, Certificates, and other evidence of debt issued by this State, as named and described in the acts of January 1795, and June 1797, be and they are hereby permitted to bring in the same to the General-Treasurer on or before the first day of January, A. D. 1803. That the General-Treasurer be and he is hereby authorized and directed to receive the said Notes, Certificates, &c. and give the holders thereof his Certificates in behalf of this State, calculating and adjusting them on the same principles as is directed and described in the aforesaid Acts of January 1795 and June 1797.
And be it further enacted, That all Notes, Certificates, and other evidence of debt as before named and described in the Acts aforesaid, that are not brought into the General-Treasury on or before the said first day of January 1803, be and they are hereby declared null and void, and the holders of them are forever barred from receiving any compensation therefor.
And be it further enacted, That George Champlin and Constant Taber, Esquires, with the General-Treasurer, be and they are hereby appointed a committee to examine and decide on all applications that are made at the Treasury for State Notes, by the heirs or legal Representatives of the officers and soldiers of the late revolutionary army, where the Notes have been taken out of the Treasury by fraudulent measures.
And be it further enacted, That this Act be published, by the General-Treasurer, in all the News-papers in this State, for six weeks successively. A true copy, Witness, SAMUEL EDDY, Sec'y.
Thomas Howland,
Has for sale, at his Auction and Commission Store, foot of the new Church lane, Newport, on as good terms as can be purchased in this State.
ST. Croix RUM, in hogsheads, barrels, or 10 Gallons. Jamaica do. do. do. Old Jamaica, 4th proof, do. First quality Martinico MOLASSES, per hogshead, or barrel. Havanna, do. do. White and Brown Havanna SUGARS Per Box or barrel. Georgia COTTON, Sea-Island, and Upland, per Bale or less. Holland GIN, in Pipes or Barrels. Superfine, fine, and common FLOUR, per bbl. RICE, per Tierce or Hundred. Real Hyson, young Hyson, Souchong, Congo, and Bohea TEAS, of a superior quality. American, Geneva, and Cyder BRANDY. Midlings, Cornell, Ship stuff, & Ship BREAD, per barrel. Velvet CORKS, Blackhead in Keggs. Negro-Head TOBACCO, per do. 1 Box HATS. Rum barrels, Fifth barrels, empty hds. &c. CASH, and the highest price, given for old Silver, Copper, Brass, Pewter, & Lead. N. B. Beeswax, and Tired Tallow, received in payment for any articles. THOMAS HOWLAND, Auct. Newport, March 20, 1802. 77
WASHINGTON, &c. Clerk's Office Supreme Judicial Court, March 16, 1802.
WHEREAS Martha Ivis, of Hopkinton, in the County of Washington, wife of Benjamin Ivis, late resident in Jamestown, in the county of Newport, hath this day lodged her Petition in said Office; praying, for causes therein set forth, that the Bond of marriage between her and her said husband, might be dissolved, and a decree of divorce promulgated:—Notice is therefore hereby given to the said Benjamin, to appear (if he shall think fit) at the next Supreme Judicial Court, to be held at South-Kingstown, within and for said county of Washington, on the fourth Monday of April next, then and there to show cause (if any he hath) why the prayer of said Petition ought not to be granted. JAMES HELME, jun. Clerk.
WHEREAS Amy Austin, of Exeter, in the County of Washington, wife of Solomon Austin, did, on the 16th day of March, 1802, lodge her petition in the Clerk's Office of the Supreme Judicial Court, for the County aforesaid; praying, for divers causes therein set forth, that the Bond of marriage, between her and her said husband, might be dissolved, and a decree of divorce promulgated:—This is therefore to give notice to the said Solomon, and to all other persons concerned, to appear (if he or they think fit) at the next term of said Court to be held at South-Kingstown, on the 4th Monday of April next, and shew cause why the prayer of said petition should not be granted. JAMES HELME, jun. Clerk. South-Kingstown, March 17th, 1802.
WHEREAS the honorable Court of Probate, of the town of Middletown, hath allowed us, the subscribers, commissioners, to receive the claims of the creditors to the Estate of Peleg Allen, late of Middletown, deceased, represented insolvent, a further time of six months from this date, for said purpose: Therefore, the creditors are hereby notified to bring forward their claims within said time, to us, or either of us, at our respective dwellings; otherwise they will be precluded as the law directs. ELISHA ALLEN, } Com. JOHN ALLEN, } Com. N. B. All those indebted to said Estate, are requested to make immediate payment to ELIZABETH ALLEN, Admin'x. THOMAS C. ALLEN, Admin'r. Middletown, March 15, 1802. 77
To be Sold,
A LOT of Land, containing upwards of 3 acres, fronting Tanner & Warner Street, with a House, well finished; paved Cellar; and never failing well of water. Also, a Stable and Chaise-House.—Likewise for sale, a Lot, fronting Broad-Street and Tanner Street, with a large commodious Dwelling-House; Shop, Stable, and Chaise-House. For terms, apply to OLIVER READ. Newport, March 20, 1802. 77tf
TO BE SOLD,
A NEW House, in Broad-Street, completely finished, with a Yard, Garden, and good Well of water. Any person inclined to purchase, may know the terms, by applying at the House of M. R. JOHNSON. Newport, Jan. 9, 1802. 15tf
Mr. GILES' Speech, on the Judiciary Bill.
(Concluded.)
He said he would now examine some of the consequences of the doctrine against the repeal, and see if it can be recommended from that consideration. First as it respects the judicial department. Its first effect is to produce a perpetual increase of judges and salaries, without any practicable mode of reducing them. This is inconsistent both with the general sentiment of the people and the constitution, that requires that no compensation shall be received, without an equivalent service rendered.
The gentleman from Pennsylvania supposes that there would be as much danger that a corrupt legislature would give an enormous sum, say 200,000 dollars to one judge, as to increase too great a number of judges. Yet he says the legislature is restrained in express words from lessening the salary, and infers from that circumstance, that it is also restrained from lessening the number of offices. Mr. G. made from it, the direct contrary inference. If there be neither a power to lessen the sum nor abolish the office, there is no remedy for the evil the gentleman supposes. It is an incurable mischief. There is therefore a necessity for a power to abolish the office, as a remedy against the enormous abuse of giving so large a sum without the rendition of equivalent service. And as express words were deemed necessary to limit the discretion of Congress against diminishing the sum, so would there have been greater necessity for express words to limit the discretion of Congress against the abolition of unnecessary offices.
Mr. G. said, that according to a sound rule of interpretation, where a general grant of power is made, and one limitation to the general power, is expressed—the expression of that limitation is an exclusion of all intention to make any other limitation whatever, by inference or implication. And this rule will apply to all other cases put by gentlemen, where there is an express limitation of legislative authority. But the most important consequence from this doctrine is, that it erects the judges into a body politic, and corporate, in perpetual succession, with conferral, and controlling powers, over the other departments—And for what purpose? The gentleman from North-Carolina (Mr. Henderson) has informed us, "to protect the people against their worst enemies"—themselves! This is the real exposition of the object in very few but emphatical words. As the inducement to the adoption of this principle, gentlemen have reminded us of the fate of a foreign country, of the violent passions which agitate popular assemblies, of the age, experience, the unassuming talents and unambitious virtue of judges. He said the judges were selected from their fellow-citizens, and he presumed, possessed the same human propensities. He said all men love power, and in general, those love it best who know best how to use it. Let us apply this remark to the judges of the United States.
Very shortly after the establishment of the courts, the judges decided that they had jurisdiction over the states in their sovereign capacity. Did this, in the judges, seem unambitious? The states thought it did not. It happened that during the revolutionary war, the state of Massachusetts had issued certain obligatory bills, which were made transferable, and which were outstanding without any provision for their payment—suits were instituted on these bills—the court determined to bring the great state of Massachusetts, and not Virginia, on its knees, not at the feet of justice, but policy. Upon the representation of Massachusetts, an amendment was made to the Constitution of the United States, declaring that the Constitution shall not be construed to extend to authorizing the courts to arraign and pronounce judgment against states which had not consented to give up their sovereignty. Thus this unambitious project of the judges was prostrated by a constitutional interposition. He read the amendment in the following words—"The judicial power of the United States, shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign state." The judges have determined that they are judges in the last resort upon the constitutionality of your laws. He proposed not to discuss this question, because he did not think it pertinent to the question before us. He only mentioned it to show their unlimited claims to power. The judges have determined that their jurisdiction extends to the lex non scripta , or rather to the lex non descripta , or common law. Does this, in the judges, seem unambitious? This law pervades the whole municipal regulations of the country. It is unlimited in its object, and indefinite in its character. Legalise this unassuming claim of jurisdiction by the judges, and they have before them every object of legislation. They have sent a mandatory process, or precepts leading to a mandamus, into the executive cabinet, to examine its concerns. Does this, in the judges, seem unambitious? Now, Sir, examine and combine the extraordinary pretensions to power, legalise
them, and you have precisely that body politic and corporate, which gentlemen deem so important in the United States "to protect the people from their worst enemies—themselves!" (Mr. Henderson of North-Carolina.) He said he should not resort so frequently to this expression, but that he did consider it as the candid and correct exposition of the object of gentlemen opposed to the repeal. It was the doctrine of irresponsibility against the doctrine of responsibility. The latter, he had endeavored to show, characterised the constitution of the United States. It was the doctrine of despotism, in opposition to the representative system. It was an express avowal, that the people were incompetent to govern themselves. This he believed to have been the great characteristic difference from the commencement of the administration of the government to the present day. If indeed there be a political corps necessary to interpose between the people, and themselves, he considered the judiciary corps supported by the doctrines on this floor, well calculated to effect that object.
He said he would now examine the consequence of the doctrine against the repeal, as it respected the legislature. He said it would have a direct tendency to impair the responsibility of the representatives to the people. He could not illustrate this observation better, than by giving the history of the law proposed to be repealed.
The first bill for changing the organisation of the courts of the United States, was reported to the House of Representatives the 11th March 1800; after undergoing some discussion and amendment, it was recommitted and reported again the 31st March 1800; on the 14th of April it was postponed by a majority of two votes. At this time the presidential election was approaching, and the result uncertain. The bill upon which the law in question was founded, was reported to the House of Representatives 19th December 1800, and passed that House the 20th January 1801. It was read in the Senate 21st January 1801, and passed the 7th of February 1801. At this time the presidential election, so far as it respected the then existing President, was ascertained.
Mr. G. said he proposed to be particular in ascertaining the facts respecting the passage of this law and its execution, because gentlemen had complained that rumors had gone into circulation respecting its passage and the appointments under it, not warranted by the facts; a sense of justice had therefore induced him to make the strictest enquiry into the dates and facts, and the result of that enquiry upon his mind, had been as unfavorable to its advocates, as any impression which had been made by the rumors complained of. He said at the time of passing the law no complaints had been presented to Congress against the competency of the former system—not even a memorial from the bar of Philadelphia. He believed the former system to have been amply competent.—The business indeed had very much declined; he observed that in the spring of 1799, the whole number of causes instituted, exclusive of Maryland and Tennessee, amounted to 703, besides 78 criminal prosecutions in Pennsylvania. In the fall of 1800 there were instituted only 355; without any information however on this point, the bill was passed. On the 13th of February 1801, it was approved by the President. On turning to the Journals of that day it will be found that the House of Representatives was not engaged in the ordinary business of the session. They were engaged in the extraordinary business of electing a President.
In a note made on that day on the journals, will be found a message from the President in these words—"A message was received from the President of the United States by Mr. Shaw his Secretary, notifying, that the President did this day approve and sign an act which originated in the House of Representatives, entitled an act to provide for the more convenient organization of the courts of the United States." Upon examining the Journals themselves, he said he found an entry in these words, "The time agreed upon by the last mentioned vote being expired, the states proceeded in manner aforesaid to the twenty-ninth ballot; and upon examination thereof the result was declared to be the same." Mr. G. said, need I remind gentlemen, now present, who were agents in the existing scenes, of the extraordinary situation of Congress at that moment. When in the House of Representatives the ordinary business of legislation was suspended, a permanent session decreed, when lodging and subsistence were furnished the members within the walls of the chamber, when even a sick bed was introduced to enable its patient to discharge a sacred duty.—Need I awaken the recollection of our fellow-citizens, who were looking with indignant anxiety on the awful scene, beholding their representatives urged by the most tempestuous passions, and pushing forward to immolate the Constitution of their country? No, Sir, the awful scene is freshly remembered! And what was its object? To prevent the fair and known expression of the public will in the highest function it has to perform.—In the choice of the chief executive magistrate of

the nation. In this state of things, when all confidence amongst the members of this House was lost—In the highest paroxysm of party rage, was this law uttered into existence. And now its advocates gravely tell us to be calm, to guard against the danger of our passions. They tell us at the same time, that the law they have passed is sacred! Inviolable! Irrepealable! Does it merit this extraordinary character from the circumstances which accompanied its passage? It does not.
Let us examine how this law was carried into effect. Members of the legislature, who voted for the passage of the law, were appointed to offices, not indeed, created by the law, the constitution having wisely guarded against an effect of that sort; but to judicial offices previously created; by the removal or what was called the promotion of judges from the offices they then held, to the offices newly created, and supplying their places by members of the legislature, who voted for the creation of the new offices. In this substitution however it appears, that no respect was paid to another provision of the constitution. The 6th section of the 1st art. of the constitution contains these words, "no senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either House during his continuance in office." If vacancies had existed in the previously existing judicial establishments, the appointments of the members of the legislature, might not be considered as a direct breach of this provision in the constitution; but this was not the fact, no vacancies did exist. It was necessary, to make provision for members voting for the law, that vacancies should be made by the removal or promotion of the then existing judges. This was done under this authority in the constitution. 2d section 2d art. and he (to wit) 'the President of the United States, shall nominate and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, and other public ministers and consuls, judges of the supreme court, and all other officers of the United States, &c.' again, 'the President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session.' How did the then President exercise the power in the present case? He did not wait until the vacancies should happen. He attempted to make vacancies, by what, he called, the promotion of judges, although they held their commissions of him 'during good behavior,' and without waiting to know whether the judges would accept the promotion or not, upon which event alone a vacancy could accrue; he proceeded to appoint and actually commission members of the legislature to offices, then actually held by other commissions granted to other persons. What was the effect of this procedure? That two persons held commissions to perform the same duties, although one person only was authorized by law to discharge those duties; whilst the office, where the promotion was refused, remained vacant. This was actually the case, in several of the districts of the United States. This fact will be put into a still stronger point of view by examining the journals of the Senate, which he was sorry to do for that purpose. When discussing the bill in the Senate, he found this entry on their journals, 'on motion to strike out the whole of the bill after the words (from and after,) section 1st, line 2d, for the purpose of inserting as follows, (*to wit) a substitute for the bill.' On the question to agree to this motion, it passed in the negative—yeas 13—nays 17. He observed amongst the nays, the names of Mr. Green, of Rhode Island; and Mr. Read, of South Carolina. Both these gentlemen received appointments in virtue of the promotion of judges under this law. If these gentlemen had voted on the opposite side of the question, the law would never have been in existence. He mentioned this circumstance not to impugn the motives of any gentleman, but, to demonstrate the temptation held out to the members of the legislature under the doctrine contended for against the repeal of this law. The refusal of the present President to correct what was called a mistake in Mr. Green's appointment, having excited some clamor, it was necessary to put that subject in a correct point of view.
It seems that in filling up Mr. Green's commission, the word 'circuit' instead of the word 'district,' was inserted; it is presumed by mistake. If the commission was intended for the circuit court, it was a breach of the constitution, in its most obvious letter. If it was intended for the district court, it was void ab initio; because at the date of the commission, no vacancy had happened, and the President's right to appoint depended on that precedent condition, and he therefore in making the appointment, attempted to exercise a power he did not possess. It must be obvious to every gentleman, that Mr. Green's accepting the commission under all the incidents attending the case, could furnish but a negative recommendation of Mr. Green in his application for that or any other appointment. Upon a review of the history of the law in question according to the doctrine of its advocates, the temptation to the legislature, to make permanent, irrevocable provision for themselves must be obvious to every impartial observer. If when a judicial establishment be once made, it becomes irrevocable, how easy would it be, for a legislature, combined with the executive to compensate themselves for the loss of the confidence of their constituents, by following the example before us? By erecting a new tax of judges, holding out to them additional emoluments, and by filling up the vacancies occasioned by their promotion with the members of the legislature.
This operation would be most likely to take place when the representatives had left the presence of their constituents, and of course
less likely to be influenced by considerations of public good. Again, sir, the insecure system thus established would have the advantage of all other similar systems existing in the world; because if in other countries the insecure system has become oppressive to the people, they have the consolation to recollect, that the evil may be lessened by the competent authority; but according to the doctrine upon which the system is bottomed in the United States, no remedy can be applied to the mischief by the union of all the responsible agents of the people.—How, Sir, would the framers of our constitution lament, after all the care and circumspection they had used to exclude this system entirely from the practical operation of the government, that the constitution itself should be made the instrument of its introduction, and its permanent irrevocable establishment? And this too at the moment of an expiring administration; when the passions of men just parting from power, were breaking down every impediment which stood in the way of attaining their object! Upon the whole, therefore, it appears, that this doctrine of the irrepealability of laws derive no consideration from the consequences which naturally flow from it.
Mr. G. said, that having exhausted so great a portion of the time and attention of the committee, in discussing the constitutional question, which had been made the cardinal point in the debate, he proposed to confine himself to very few observations upon the expediency of the contemplated repeal. He said he took it for granted that the former judicial system was competent to the discharge of all the judicial business in the United States; but if that should be denied, he thought it demonstrable from the document before the committee. The gentleman from Delaware (Mr. Bayard) had intimated a doubt whether the President had acted correctly in favoring us with the document; he should only observe in reply, that the constitution imposed a duty upon the President from time to time, to give to congress information of the state of the union, and recommend to their consideration, such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he said that the number of suits in the courts of the United States must always be very small from the limited objects of their jurisdiction; this will appear by reading the 2d section of the article of the constitution, limiting their jurisdiction. The whole expense of the existing system is 137,000 dollars, of which 40,000 or 50,000 dollars may be attributable to the new system; the estimates differing between these two sums. Whether the expense be estimated either according to the service to be rendered, or by comparison with any other system, it appeared to him to be enormous. He examined the document before us by way of ascertaining the relative view of expense and service, and also the competency of the former system, to the discharge of the business. He would not however be responsible for precise clerical accuracy in his addition, which has also been deemed a subject worthy of criticism against the President of the United States. But if it be within 25 per cent of being correct, it will demonstrate, 1st, that the former courts were competent to the business; 2d, that the number of causes bear no proportion to the expense of the institution.
He said he would present to the view of the committee, the whole number of causes instituted at the respective sessions of the courts from the spring of 1796, to the spring of 1801. He had fixed upon the year 1796 because the business began then to increase under the influence of the British treaty.
In all the circuit courts of the United States, except Maryland and Tennessee, the whole number of causes of every description instituted in the spring of 1796, were 294, fall 192—1797, spring 481, fall 397—1798, spring 325, fall 397—1799, spring, 703 exclusive of 97 criminal prosecutions in Pennsylvania, fall 456—1800, spring 461, 70 criminal prosecutions in Pennsylvania, fall 355—1801, spring 350—making the common calculation of suits settled between the parties without trial, divisions, abatements, &c. &c. and it would appear that the whole number of judgments against solvent persons, would hardly compensate the expense of institution. It also appears that the number of causes left to be tried, could easily be decided by the six former judges.
He said upon looking over the number of suits in the eastern circuit, it appeared to him strange, that the members representing that part of the country, should insist upon increasing the expense of the system, when the courts have there scarcely any business to attend to; and that gentlemen in the southern States, where the business was greater, should be willing to lessen the expense. He said he never heard the smallest complaint in the State he represented respecting the incompetency of the former courts to discharge the business in that State. He believed they had always gone through the docket, whenever they attended, and as far as his own observations went, that was the fact. He said, it appeared strange to him, that new courts and new expenses should be called for in other parts of the United States, when the old courts were competent to the business in that State, where the business has been considerably more than in any other State, although it is now very much declined, and probably will decline still more. In the courts of Maine, West Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and West Tennessee, no suit at all had been instituted in June last.
Under the view of the subject thus presented, he considered the late courts as useless and unnecessary, and the expense, therefore, was to him highly objectionable. He did not consider it in the nature of a compensation, for there was no equivalent rendition of service. He could not help considering it as a tribute for past service—as a tribute for the zeal displayed by these gentlemen in supporting principles which the people had denounced. He thought the federal maxim always was "millions for defence, not a cent for tribute." He could not consent to tax the people even one cent, as a
tribute to men, who disrespected their principles. Another objection he had to the new organization of the courts was, their tendency to produce a gradual demolition of State courts, by multiplying the number of courts, increasing their jurisdiction, making bonds or obligatory bills assignable with the privilege of bringing suits in the name of the assignee, &c. &c. or as gentlemen say, bringing federal justice to every man's door; the State courts will be ousted of their jurisdiction, which he thought by no means a desirable event. Under these considerations alone, and under the conviction he felt, of the inutility of the courts, he should vote for the repeal.
Mr. G. concluded by observing, that upon the whole view of the subject, feeling the firmest conviction, that there is no constitutional impediment in the way of repealing the act in question, upon the most fair and candid interpretation of the constitution. Believing that principles advanced in opposition, go directly to the destruction of the fundamental principle of the constitution, the responsibility of all public agents to the people; that they go to the establishment of a permanent corporation of individuals invested with ultimate consorial, and controlling power over all the departments, execution, and decision, and irresponsible to the people; believing that these principles are in direct hostility with the great principle of representative government; believing that the courts formerly established, were fully competent to the business they had to perform, and that the present courts are useless, unnecessary and expensive; believing that the supreme court has heretofore discharged all the duties assigned to it in less than one month in the year, and that its duties could be performed in half that time; considering the compensations of the judges to be amongst the highest, given to any of the highest officers of the United States, for the services of the whole year; considering the compensations of all the judges greatly exceeding the services assigned them, as well as considering all the circumstances attending the substitution of the new system for the old one, by increasing the number of judges, and compensations, and lessening their duties by the distribution of the business into a great number of hands, &c.—whilst acting under these impressions he should vote against the motion now made for striking out the first section of the repealing bill.
For the REPUBLICAN.
FELLOW-FREEMEN,
THE following is one, among the innumerable instances of baseness and deception, practiced upon the well disposed citizens of the United States, in order to influence them in the last Presidential Election. It was by similar falsehoods and artifices that the Adams and Pinckney ticket succeeded in obtaining a bare majority in the State of Rhode-Island. A detection of these impostitions, however, has aroused the good people of this State to a sense of their rights, and given them a handsome majority in the Republican interest. We find that many ingenious fabrications, as palpably false and ridiculous as the one here recited, are now industriously circulated among the yeomanry and unsuspecting citizens, with a hope of again succeeding in their opposition, the ensuing election.
"It ought not to be forgotten, for its remembrance will keep us on our guard in future against like delusions, that previous to the election of Mr. JEFFERSON, his opposers declared that if he got the reins of government in his hands, a war with Great-Britain, ruinous to our commercial and agricultural interests; and a coalition with France, destructive to all religious and moral habits, would be the immediate consequences. Nay, a Minister of the Gospel of truth and peace (if he who advocates war and propagates falsehood can deserve that title) not many miles from the City of Trenton, on a Sunday preceding the election for the members of the Legislature who were to have the appointment of Electors of President and Vice-President, declared to his audience, from the pulpit, "that if JEFFERSON became President, our meeting-houses would be burnt down or shut up; that our Bibles would be taken from us, and flung into the flames before our eyes; that the holy Sabbath, dedicated to pious devotion and peaceful rest, would be abolished;" and several other things which he must have known, if he had common sense, were vile falsehoods.—Not content with this, several men who are esteemed for their wisdom and supposed goodness, as soon as the sermon was finished, went round among the congregation, and enforced the truth of what they had just heard from the pulpit. It was under such terrific impressions as these, that the people of New-Jersey gave their voice for Mr. ADAMS in preference to Mr. JEFFERSON. And it cannot now be doubted that if the opposers of Mr. JEFFERSON had used no means but such as were honest and honorable, he would have been elected by the voice of four-fifths of our citizens."
Friends & Countrymen,
Such are the means practiced by those denominated Federalists , to deceive and entrap you. If they cannot prevail upon you either by lying, smooth words, or fair promises, they will then attempt to terrify you with threats of starvation, non-employment, and the like. Some are even foolish enough to believe it, when they are told by these federal disorganizers , that produce has fell, and a stagnation of business taken place in consequence of Mr. JEFFERSON's election. But any man of common sense, who will reason upon it, must know that the dullness of the times is occasioned by the general peace in Europe, and nothing else. I have myself, while held by the button, been several times led to believe, by their sophistry and palaver, what I afterwards found, on enquiry to be a positive falsehood. But I believe it will not be in the power of the most cunning of them, again to deceive
A RHODE-ISLAND FARMER.
Federal Artifice Exposed.
THERE seems to be some disposition at present to excite a belief, that the abandonment of the claims of our merchants for losses by French spoliations is chargeable on the present administration. How stands the matter of fact?
The Senate refused to advise and consent to the ratification of the treaty unless the 2d article was struck out; to this President Adams agreed, and the treaty was so ratified by him Feb. 18th, 1801. The votes of the Senate, as published in the newspapers at that time, were for striking out the 2d article.
Messrs. Armstrong, Bingham, Chipman, Dayton, D. Foster, Hillhouse, Hindman, Howard, Latimer, J. Mason, Morris, Paine, Read, Ross, Schureman, Tracy, Wells—17.
Against striking out the 2d article;
Messrs. Anderson, Baldwin, Bloodworth, Brown, Cocke, T. Foster, Franklin, Greene, Langdon, Livermore, Marshall, S. T. Mason, Nicholas—13.
Striking out the 2d article was striking out the effect of all the labors of our envoys on that subject, and was in fact agreeing to make a treaty without making any provision for the claims of our merchants, or to keep alive the demand; and suffering the 5th article to stand as it does, effectively deprived them of any chance for relief, and was an abandonment of their claim. So it was justly understood by Buonaparte, as he declares in his ratification, bien entendu , it being well understood, that by this retrenchment the two states renounce the respective pretensions which are the object of the said article. When his ratification was laid before the Senate of the United States, they say, that Buonaparte understood it as they intended, and they vote almost unanimously, that it ought to be considered as justly and fully ratified; it was said at the time, and never denied, that Messrs. Wells, Hillhouse, Chipman, and D. Foster, were the only persons in the negative. Mr. Hillhouse, and some of the others have often been heard to declare, that they were opposed to having any treaty with France. We trust the federalists will not disown their own measures, which have been acquired with so much labor and expense, from the recall of Monroe to the ratification of the treaty.
[National Intelligencer.]
THE ALARM!
The attempt now making by the Federalists, in and out of Congress, to excite apprehensions in the public mind, that a repeal of the Judiciary law of last session will violate the Constitution, and produce a dissolution of the Union, deserves the serious attention of the people.—The alarm was first founded in Senate by Gov. Morris, a man notorious for his love of royalty, and hatred of Republicanism—was echoed by those who followed him on the same side of the question—And Col. Ogden went so far as to insinuate that Congress would be "stamped out of existence," by an armed force; and that the blood of our citizens would "flow down our streets in torrents!" This alarm has been reiterated thro' the medium of private letters, and resounded from every prostituted press in the country.
What is the foundation of this alarm? —A law passed last session of Congress, creating 15 new Judges, with salaries of 2000 dollars a year each. This law was believed at the time of its passing, and has been found by experience, to be unnecessary.—The present Congress to remove so large an unnecessary burthen from the backs of the people propose to repeal the late law, and restore the judiciary system to its former state, when it was proved by practice to be adequate to all the business brought before the Federal tribunal.—And this act of repealing an obnoxious law, and abolishing an useless and expensive appendage to our judicial establishment, which a former Congress created, is presented as a violation of the Constitution and as involving a dissolution of the Union!
The fact is, if our Constitution or Union is ever endangered, it will not be by the Republicans.—They have been the uniform advocates and supporters of both, when persecution and prosecution—penalties and prison, were the sure reward of their patriotic conduct.—They too well know, and too highly appreciate, the inestimable blessing of government, to adopt or advocate any measure tending in the remotest degree, to its annihilation.—And in repealing the law in question, they but exercise a constitutional power, in the rightful will of a vast majority of their constituents.
What then is the object of the Federalists in exciting this alarm? —Observe! While they held the sword and the purse, the power and the wealth of the nation, in their own hands, such was their oppression and rapacity, their insolence and extravagance, that they deservedly and entirely forfeited the confidence and esteem of the American people:—This esteem and confidence they despair of regaining by honest means or honorable methods.—And they have no chance left of recovering their lost power but by impeaching the motives and decrying the measures of our present rulers, in order to produce, if possible, a revolution of the popular sentiment in their own favor, or by exciting some convulsion, when they might rise to honor, power and riches on the ruins of their country.—Their conduct resembles that of an incendiary, who sets fire to a house to obtain plunder; & to avoid suspicion, gives the first alarm.
[True Amer.]
Another "Federal" LIE detected.
Extract of a letter from a member of Congress, dated, Washington, March 8.
"Much clamor is made in the Eastern federal papers about the predominating influence of the State of Virginia in the National councils. The ideas promulgated are, in every respect, altogether erroneous. The Virginia Representation is numerous, but they are by no means men of cunning and intrigue beyond their associates from the Eastward. But in order to make out the proof of the preponderancy of their politics, they assert a majority of Congress are natives of

that state, and possess a prejudice in favor of the place of their nativity. In Ben. Russell's Boston paper, of the 24th of February, a list of native Virginians is given in a letter from this place. The list contains 57 names. The truth is, not more than six or seven members of Congress, except the delegation of the state, were either born or educated in Virginia; and many of her own delegates were educated at Princeton, and in the Eastern seminaries of learning. It cannot be a true Federal principle to excite jealousies among the inhabitants of different States. If Virginia politics prevail, it is because at present the soundness of the principle is perceived, and not out of any partiality to the State. Indeed less partiality to Virginia, exists among Republicans, than for any of the smaller states."
LAWS OF THE UNION.
(PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY.)
SEVENTH CONGRESS of the UNITED STATES, at their first session.
Begun and held at the City of Washington, in the Territory of Columbia, on Monday, the 7th of December, 1801.
AN ACT
For the accommodation of Persons concerned in certain Fisheries therein mentioned.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That from and after the passing of this act, it shall be lawful for the collector of the customs for the district of Edenton to remit any vessel having on board salt only, after due report and entry, and security given for the duties, to proceed under the inspection of an officer of the customs to any fishery or other landing place within the district, (to be designated in the permit) and there discharge the same; subject, however, in all other respects, to the regulations, restrictions, penalties and provisions established by an act passed the second of March in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine, intitled "An Act to regulate the collection of duties on imports and tonnage."
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted , That every inspector or other officer of the customs, while performing duty on board any such vessel, elsewhere than in the port to which such officer may properly belong, shall be entitled to receive from the master, or commander thereof, such provisions and other accommodations (free from expense) as are usually supplied to passengers, or as the state and condition of the vessel will admit.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted , That it by reason of the delivery of any cargo of salt, in manner aforesaid, more than fifteen working days (computing from the date of entry) shall, in the whole, be spent therein, the wages or compensation of such inspector, or other officer of the customs who may be employed on board any vessel, in respect to which such term may be so exceeded, shall, for every day of such excess be paid by the master or owner; and until paid, it shall not be lawful for the collector to grant a clearance, or to permit such vessel to depart from the district.
NATHANIEL MACON,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
A. BURR, Vice-President of the
United States, and President of the Senate.
APPROVED, March 16, 1802.
TH: JEFFERSON,
President of the United States.
AN ACT
For the relief of FRANCIS DUCHOUQUET.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That there be paid to Francis Duchouquet, out of any monies in the Treasury, not otherwise appropriated, the sum of two hundred and ninety-one dollars, and eighty-four cents, in full compensation for monies by him advanced to redeem certain American citizens captured by the Indians.
NATHANIEL MACON,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
A. BURR, Vice-President of the
United States, and President of the Senate.
APPROVED, March 16, 1802.
TH: JEFFERSON,
President of the United States.
For the RHODE-ISLAND REPUBLICAN.
IT has been said (and, it is believed truly, for it has not, in any shape, been contradicted) that the late grand federal caucus at Providence, was held on the Sabbath day. If this be a fact, it must be considered a wicked violation of the commandments of God, & a heathenish outrage upon the precepts of religion. What is to become of the institution of the Sabbath, if it is to be made subservient to the purposes of party? For what purpose has been erected those houses of religious worship, which, at once, dignity and consecrate society, if the day to which they are dedicated, is to be prostituted, and defiled by "caucus." They were erected in vain, and in all their capacious and lofty magnificence, must stand in gloomy solitude the deserted monuments of "evil times," if the example meets with the countenance which these "forcible men," in all their undertakings, arrogantly claim. They always wish to be looked up to as the Lord's anointed; they expect obedience in all things; and are angry if it is not rendered! But shall they succeed in establishing a precedent of this kind? Shall the course they have thus marked out be pursued, because it was first entered upon by men who are striving for an exclusive possession of the reins of government,
though it read the very vitals of the gospel! Could they be christians! Could they possess a sincere devotion to that blessed article of the christian faith, "remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy!" How wide is the difference between the professions, and the practice of these men. On some occasions, they are mere bedlames of christianity. They rave, and they rail, that it has gone forever; that it has fallen before the desolating progress of jacobinism, and French philosophy; and that the jacobins will trample upon it, as the ox tramples upon his fodder. If the legislature refuses to interfere in the appointment of a day of public thanksgiving, nothing can equal their vociferations. They immediately found their sophisticated zeal in Hartford; and re-found it in the streets of Boston. If, by the urgency of public duty a fortification is visited on Sunday by an officer of the military department of the government; instantly their inflammatory fulminations, like the eruption of a volcano, seem to shake the foundations of the earth, and almost wake the slumbers of the dead! What comparison is there in point of departure from scriptural injunctions, and apostolic rectitude, between an act of individual duty, dictated by public faith, thus enjoined by the exigence of an imperious necessity; and the deliberate assemblage of a multitude, for the purpose of engendering a commotion in society! The shades of difference are remarkable, and glaring; in so much that we shudder at the turpitude of the one, while innocence itself would plead in justification of the other. Can they say that the formation of their Post was a work of such urgent necessity, that it would not admit a moment's delay! Can they say that the business of the Assembly would prevent those of their ring-leaders who were members, from an attendance on a week-day! Were not the evenings long enough for them to arrange, and mature their plan of operation: Can they say that their domestic affairs, and private business demanded their attention! Have they not, seemingly given them all up, and become devoted to fritter, and opposition? Have they not all since met in like grand caucuses in Newport vice , if not three times ? Where, then, is their excuse? However disposed we might be to render it, we search for it in vain. Yet these are the men who have been declaiming against their opponents as enemies to God, and religion; and erecting themselves, as the only test of purity, and holiness.
But these unchristian arrogations are easily unraveled. They are adopted to impose upon the credulous; those who have not fortitude to sift such pretensions, and probe them to the bottom.
It is not necessary to enter into a laborious argument upon this subject. Here are two cases fairly stated for consideration. The one has been condemned by the federalists, and denied the benefit of clergy, as a rank proof of infidelity. They are called upon to justify the other. They are presented with the sacred volume, and requested to point out a passage that will operate in their favor. What! on the day of sacred rest; on which even the ox that is within their gate is forbidden to tread in the furrow; on that day shall they assemble in factious cabal, to lay their schemes of intricate broils, and party strife, and yet bluster about the jeopardy of religion! Astonishing! Behold! "out of their own mouths shall they be condemned."
Christians! you that are so "in spirit, and in truth," render your verdict, upon the solemn inquest of conscience, and say to what degree of countenance these men are entitled.
The Ghost of Roger Williams.
* Alluding to a piece which appeared in one of the Providence papers, during the heat of clamour upon this subject.
* It cannot, yet, have escaped the recollection of the citizens of this state, that when Gen. DEARBORN was in Newport last summer, on his way from the seat of government to his family in Massachusetts, it became his duty, as Secretary at War, to visit the fortifications in the harbor. The shortness of the time which he had allowed himself, to visit his family, and return, forbid that he should suffer any delay. He arrived on Saturday afternoon or evening. He intended going on board the packet for Providence, on the morning of Monday following. On Sunday afternoon, towards evening, he visited, and viewed the forts. For doing so, he was denounced in the papers, under the formidable signature of "Many Christians," as a horrid violator of the Sabbath; and the noble system of the federal government, as then administered, was implicated in the transgression. Why sleeps Mr. Zany now! Why is not his goose quill in motion? Why are not his "Many Christians" now sent out to vindicate the ordinances of devotion?
The following message accompanied certain communications from our Consuls relative to the Barbary powers.
Gentlemen of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives, I transmit for the information of Congress, letters recently received from our Consuls at Gibraltar, and Algiers, presenting the latest view of the state of our affairs with the Barbary powers. The sums due to the government of Algiers are now fully paid up; and of the gratuity which had been promised to that of Tunis, and was in a course of preparation, a small portion only remains still to be finished and delivered.
TH: JEFFERSON.
March 1, 1802. Six years arrears to the 5th Sept. 1801, are fully paid up to the Dey of Algiers.
A letter from an officer of the frigate Boston dated at Malaga, Dec. 27, 1801, states, that the Philadelphia had captured a Tripolitan brig; that the Swedes are at war with the same power, and that their naval Commanders in the Mediterranean are directed to consult the American Commodore respecting their operations.
The Swedish Government has officially announced the sending of a squadron to blockade the port of Tripoli.
NEWPORT, Saturday, April 3, 1802.
We understand, that the new arrangement of the Army, on the peace establishment, has been received. Captains STILL'S and BEALL'S Companies are to be divided between this place and New-London. Capt. STOPPARD is directed to repair with his Company to Boston. We also understand that Major MACREA is ordered somewhere to the Southward.
OFFICIAL.
The French Charge des Affairs, has given public notice, that all manner of intercourse with St. Domingo is prohibited to foreigners, except with the Ports of Cape Francois and Port Republicain; that vessels attempting to enter the other Ports, and to communicate with or supply the revolted negroes, will be seized and confiscated; and the commanders severely punished; that fair traders will be encouraged; and that it is advisable for persons making shipments to either of the above Ports to procure certificates from the French Commercial Agents.
Arrived here yesterday, Capt. Wm. Slocum, jun. 9 days from Charleston (S. C.)—March 28, lat. 36, 16, lon. 77, 20, took from the wreck of the sch. Bolycarling , Capt. Uriah Gillekin, of Edenton, (N. C.) and all his crew, Capt. Gillekin was bound from Edenton to Jamaica, out 3 days. Vessel and cargo totally lost.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
The piece signed "CANDOR," is received; but as the inclosure did not contain the name of the writer, we do not feel ourselves authorized to publish it. He has said that he stands ready to substantiate the facts; yet he has not given us his name. We take this opportunity to inform our Correspondents abroad, that it is expected they will pay the postage of their Communications.
"INQUISITOR" is necessarily deferred till our next.
DIED. —At Point Petre (Gaudaloupe) on the 13th of February last, Mr. WILLIAM D. CRANSTON, son of Mr. Peleg Cranston, of this town, in the 16th year of his age.
Mr. JOSEPH BORDEN, son of Mr. William Borden, of this town, in the 18th year of his age.
At Manilla, Capt. PETER TAYLOR, son of Mr. James Taylor, of this town, in the 33d year of his age.
At Middletown, last Thursday night, Mr. BENJAMIN ANTHONY.
Was killed, in the State of New-York, on the 2d of March last, by the falling of a tree, Mr. JOSEPH CLARKE, son of Maj. Thomas Clarke, of North-Kingstown in the 31st year of his age. He has left a wife and one child. He was an early professor of the christian religion, and ever sustained a character irreproachable.
CUSTOM-HOUSE,
District of Newport, April 2.
   ENTERED, From     Ship Follensthe , Perry, Manilla   Sloop Sally , Congdon, Providence   Two Sisters, Earl, Ditto   Becca and Betsey, Oxx, Bristol   Washington, Gardner, Providence   Lucy, Clarke, Montego Bay   CLEARED, Per   Sloop Two Sisters , Earl, New-York   Schooner Marian , Hunter, Havana   Sloop Fame , Justin, New-York   Brig Marejo , Tallman, Newbedford.  
Kitchen and Flower Garden SEEDS,
Just imported from London, by the ship Neptune , via New-York, warranted to be of the last Year's Growth, for sale by
MARY DUNBAR,
Opposite Mr. GEORGE GIBBS.—
   PEASE: Sweet Marjoram,   EARLY Turner, Summer Savory,   Early Charlton, Double Parly,   Blue Profusion, Thyme and Sage,   Green Marrowfat, Lavender,   Dwarf Do. Green Curled Endive,   Dwarf Sugar, Solid Celerie,   BEANS: Italian do.   Large Windsor, Curled Cress,   Early White Bush, Broad-leaf'd Spanage,   Red Speckled, Prickly-leaf'd Do.   Refugee. White Mustard,   CABBAGE: Early Dutch Turnip,   Early Dwarf May, White Round Do.   Early Yorkshire, Scarlet Beet,   Early Sugar Loaf, Orange Carrot,   Early Cauliflower, Scarlet Onion,   Large Buttercup, Large Parsnip,   Large Dutch Red, Early frame Cucumber,   Green Savoy, Long Prickly, Do.   Yellow Do. Roman Cucumber,   Red Scotch Kale. Nasturtium,   LETTUCE: Asparagus,   Early Frame, Bush and Long-neck   Large Cabbage, Squash.   Tennis Ball, Twenty four Annual   Silesia. and Biennial Flowers.   RADISH: ROOTS:   Scarlet, Double Hyacinths,   Early Short Top, Ranunculus,   Purple Salmon, Anemones.   Red Turnip-rooted.  
Newport, April 3, 1802. 79tf
THE Members of the Newport Association of MECHANICS and MANUFACTURERS, are requested to meet at the State House, on the 5th instant, at 7 P. M.
Per Order,
JOSEPH THURSTON, Sec'y. 4 mo. 3d, 1802.
MR. FARNSWORTH,
OBSERVING in your last paper a piece signed John Ward, in which he undertakes to recite a conversation which he says took place in January last; in Portsmouth, between the Middletown judge and himself, and to the truth of which he is ready to attest;—Supposing myself the person therein alluded to, I do in this public manner, positively declare the whole statement to be an infamous fabrication of the said Ward, and an impudent and palpable falsehood.—I can declare under Oath, that I have not exchanged a word with him respecting townmeeting, or on any political subject for six months past if ever.
Had I wished to have cherished the spirit of party, it would have been very absurd, that I should have undertaken to do it at so early a period as January, prior to a knowledge that any opposition was contemplated; and in my estimation still more incongruous would have been my conduct if at any time, for this purpose, I had attempted to solicit the company of a man of his worthless character, whose slanderous falsehoods and unparalleded effrontery will receive no farther notice from
BENJ. GARDINER,
Middletown, March 3d, 1802.
FOR SALE, AT
W. R. Wilder's Book Store,
 ABOUT 500 Rolls PAPER HANGINGS, of last year's stock, which will be sold at cost. Also, this day received, and for sale as above, a very elegant assortment of PAPER HANGINGS of new Figures, which will be sold at the manufactory prices.  Newport, April 3, 1802. 79tf 
To be Sold, or Let,
BY SAMUEL F. GARDNER, two Lots of Land, situated a little to the Eastward of Mr. Francis Brinley's Rope-Walk.
—ALSO—
For Sale, in the Grocery line, MOLASSES by the Hoghead;—SUGAR by the Box;—CROCKERY-WARE by the Crate;—Negro head TOBACCO by the Keg;—4000 wts. Excellent CHEESE.
Newport, April 3, 1802. 79tf
Sail Making.
THE subscribers having entered into partnership, under the firm of
Spooner and Dunham,
hereby inform the Public, that they carry on the Sail Making business, in its various branches, at their Sail Loft, on the wharf of the late Gen. John Malbone, at the South part of the town. Those who may favor them with their custom, may depend on punctuality and dispatch. All favors will be gratefully acknowledged, by
WING SPOONER, 2d.
CHARLES C. DUNHAM,
Newport, April 3, 1802. 79tf
Sales at Auction,
On Monday, 5th instant, at 10 o'clock, will be Sold, at GARDNER and DEAN'S Office, the following Goods, viz.
 100 Pieces White Cotton.  40 Do. Bandannas.  6 Do. Callimeres.  40 Dozen Pocket Handkerchiefs.  4 Pieces Superfine Broad Cloths.  30 Do. Linens.  60 Do. Calicoes.  30 Dozen Shawls.  30 Reams Letter Paper.  50 Pieces Hair Ribbons.  10 Do. Fine Dimity.  20 Rolls Plasterboard. 
1 8 day Clock; and sundry other articles.—Conditions at time of Sale. Newport, April 3d, 1802.
To be Sold,
AT Public Vendue, the 13th day of April next, on the Farm late belonging to Nathan Gardner, deceased, situated in South-Kingstown, about four miles from the Narragansett Ferry, on the road leading to Little-Red-Fifteen Cows.—Four Oxen—various kinds of young stock—several Horses—and a variety of Farming Utensils, &c.
E. R. GARDINER,
Vendue-Master.
South Kingstown, March 30, 1802. 79
For Sale,
SEVERAL Lots of Land, lying between the Rev. Mr. Hopkin's Meeting House, and the Stone Mill, on Mill Street.—Enquire of
JOHN BANISTER,
Newport, March 29, 1802. 79
To be Let,
A LARGE and Commodious Dwelling House, in good order, pleasantly situated at the South part of Thames-Street; having six rooms on a floor; Two stories high; a good Cellar, and paved yard; with a well of good water, and a large Garden. Apply to SAMUEL ALMY. Newport, Feb. 20, 1802. 73tf
Entertainment,
BY RICHARD BARKER, at the House formerly occupied by Capt. Robert S. Potter, sign of the Anchor, a little south-east of the State House, where Ladies and Gentlemen may depend on being accommodated to their satisfaction. Punctual attendance will be given, and all favors gratefully acknowledged by the public's obedient servant,
RICHARD BARKER,
Newport, April 2, 1802. 75tf
LOST, yesterday, on the road between Capt. Peleg Sanford's and Mr. David Barker's, in Middletown, a Silver WATCH, with a black Seal. Whoever may find it, and will return it to the subscriber, shall be handsomely rewarded.—GIDEON BARKER. Middletown, April 3, 1802.

ON DEFAMATION.
My foul, what pen can draw, what tongue The baseness of that mind—prone to defame, The baseness of that tongue, which loves to dwell On characters—and blow the fire of hell; With breath malign,—fair reputation spot, And throw at purest innocence a blot.
LATE OMISSIONS.
THE rapid return of the citizens of the New-England states to those genuine principles of Republicanism, and that independent spirit which animated them in our revolution, must gladden the hearts of all who with well to our union.—The arduous endeavours that were made in the course of the late administration to prevent the good intentions of, and blind to their true interests, the independent yeomanry of those states, were unfortunately but too successful;—the extensive chain of patronized leaders, dependent on their exertions to promote the views of the ruling party for their offices, proved very fit tools; they threatened and deceived, awed and even persecuted; they called to their aid that powerful engine over weak and unsuspecting, but honest minds, the pulpit; it was to these arts, and not from conviction, that the aristocratic faction owed their preponderance;—no change of principles was effected; the intellects of the people of New-England were alone confused; their hearts were always true to the Republic.—The state of Rhode-Island has the honor of being the first in New-England, to dispel the cloud; and all the others, we are happy to say, are likely to follow her example. The States of Massachusetts, Newhamshire and Vermont, are making rapid strides; and we have hopes even of Connecticut. [Aurora.]
EUROPEAN EULOGY.
From the Bordeaux Journal, of Dec. 27.
America presents, at this moment, a rare phenomenon in the history of nations, a government directed towards the greatest good of the whole. We have this blessing from Jefferson, that he strictly adheres to the constitution. He calls to public offices men possessed of the public esteem, and whose abilities have been proved; & whose republicanism, free from all unworthy motives, has been constant. This Philosopher, whose writings are well known in Europe, appears thoroughly acquainted with men, and knows how to employ the best, not the most ready, in the public service. For he is of opinion, that genius and talents ought only to be employed in a good government, when they are united to good morals, and energy of character; and none of his choice have been rejected, by the majority, tho' the party Gazettes have spared no calumnies to injure them.
Jefferson has all the talents necessary to secure the love of his fellow-citizens, and the esteem of posterity, without which no man can be truly great. He is affable, without affectation; popular, with dignity; enlightened, firm, and possessed of all the republican virtues. This is the President of the United States, the man placed in a situation to do good, and who does it. Private opinion is as free as the obligations of society can admit. Indeed, in the short time of his administration, in all the public establishments, there has been a diminution of the public burdens. Every thing tends imperceptibly to this sole end, the true prosperity of the nation.
On the 3d inst. Doctor Preserve Wood, of Brookfield in the State of Connecticut, caught in a steel trap a very extraordinary bird. This bird is of the vulture kind; it is of a blackish colour; his bill resembles that of a parrot; his legs are as large as a middling sized man's arm; his talons are about three inches long; his wings, when spread, measure nearly 8 feet; his body is much larger than the largest turkey's; his feathers about the head are much lighter than on his wings or body; his legs near his talons are yellow; and the quills in his wings are almost as large as a woman's little finger. This bird, in the course of a week, had killed three last spring calves, and four sheep, belonging to Mr. Wood.
A French corvette from Cape-Francois has arrived at Baltimore. Several officers from her immediately proceeded to Washington. The object of their mission is not known.
John A. Shaw, & Co.
INFORM the public that they have taken a shop next door but one North of the Coffee-House, where they carry on the Watch-Making business in all its branches; and have for sale, warranted and common English and Geneva Watches, gold Necklaces, silver tea and table Spoons, Sugar-Tongs, &c.—Looking-Glasses, Tea-Trays, Waiters, Dressing-Cases, Plated and Wooden Castors, Suspenders, Knives and Forks, Globe Andirons, Shovel and Tongs, bras and japanned Lamps, Candlesticks, dart and common Walking Sticks, Scotch, Rappée & Makabau Snuff, Starch, Writing Paper, Dutch Quills, Britannia Coffee Pots, &c. &c. Together with an assortment of Jewellery and Perfumery.
Cash given for old Gold and Silver. * * * Punctual attendance will be given, and the smallest favors gratefully acknowledged. Newport, Feb. 12. 72tf
Lost or Stolen,
THE 8th inst. a Small Pinchbeck Watch chased out side Case, with a red Bone Seal, set in silver. If either Watch or Seal is offered for sale, it is requested to be stopped; and either of the Watch Makers in Newport, will pay a reward of EIGHT DOLLARS, if recovered and not injured. Newport, Oct. 23, 1801. 4tf
LUMBER.
BENJAMIN RUGGLES
Respectfully informs his Customers, and the Public in general,
THAT he will undertake to procure House or Store Frames, or any other dimensions of Timber, Plank for Wharves, &c. of the following kinds of Eastern wood, viz. White-Pine, Spruce, Norway-Pine, Hemlock, Black or Yellow-Birch, for Cabinet work; Cedar, Hackmatack, Maple, Black or White-Ash, Beach, or Rock-Maple:—Also, Masts and Spars of any dimension, and Birch or Hackmatack, Ship-Timber; any of which, if applied for this Winter, may be delivered here in the course of the next Spring or Summer, on the easiest possible terms. Any person wishing to contract, would do well to apply early in the Winter, that proper time may be had to get the Timber out.
He has, likewise, on hand, at his Lumber-Yard, on Slocum's wharf, in Newport, a general assortment of Eastern Lumber; such as Boards, Timber, Spruce and Hemlock Joist, Window-frame-stuff, Shingles, Clapboards, Cedar-Posts, Laths, &c.—A supply of which he proposes to keep constantly on hand.
Also, genteel Boarding and Lodging may be had for two Gentlemen, on easy terms. Newport, Nov. 27, 1801. 9tf
CASH, PAID FOR LINEN & WOOLLEN RAGS, BY Christopher C. Olney, Delivered at his Mills, or at his Paper Warehouse.
WHERE he has for sale, at wholesale and retail, all kinds of Paper, viz. Foolscap Writing-Paper, No. 1 and 2.—Vellum Letter do.—Pot do.—Wrapping do.—Bonnet do.—Clothier's do. 1st quality.—Sheathing, with and without Sand.—Book-Binder's Boards.—Candle Paper, and Sugar Loaf Blue.
—ALSO— A complete Assortment of Blank Account and Record Books.
—LIKEWISE— Account Books made and ruled to any pattern, to suit the purchaser.—A complete Assortment of School Books, and Stationary of all kinds, &c.
Also, Warranted Chocolate, by the Box, or pound, Cocoa Shells, by the Bag.
N. B. Wanted, one or two Boys, from 12 to 14 years of age, as Apprentices to the Paper-making and Clothing business.—To such great encouragement will be given. Providence, March 3, 1802. 74tf
RECEIVED, and for Sale at the Store of W. R. WILDER, Reports of the Cafe, JOHN DORRANCE AGAINST ARTHUR FENNER, Tried at the December term, of the Court of Common Pleas, in the county of Providence, A. D. 1801. To which are added, the proceedings in the cafe, Arthur Fenner, vs. John Dorrance.
Carefully compiled from Notes correctly taken by several Gentlemen who were present during the whole course of the trial.—Price 37 1/2 Cents. Newport, March 4, 1802. 75
For Sale, by the Subscriber, BETWEEN one and two thousand weight of Oakum, which will be disposed of, either in large or small quantities, as may best suit purchasers. * * * Cash, and the highest price, given for old JUNK, as usual. JOHN WILLIAMS, Keeper of the Work-House. Newport, Feb. 12. 72tf
FOR SALE, BY SAMUEL VERNON, jun. COGNAC Brandy, Claret Wine in casks and boxes, Silks, Britannia Linens, white wine Vinegar, Verdigris, & House-Paper:—The above articles are entitled to draw-back, and are now landing from the Brig Hannah, from Bourdeaux, at Mr. Robert Stevens' wharf.
He has also for sale, Russia and Raven's Duck, a few Demijans and long and short Corks. Newport, Nov. 7, 1801.
For Albany, The Sloop ABIGAIL, THOMAS H. HAZARD, Master.
WILL sail by the tenth of next month, wind and weather permitting; having good and convenient accommodations for passengers. For freight or passage, apply to SAMUEL CARR, on the Ferry Wharf. Newport, March 10, 1802.
N. B. Freight or passengers will be landed at any place on the North-River, if desired.
TO BE SOLD, A F A R M, LYING in Exeter, State of Rhode-Island, about six miles from Wickford, containing 180 acres of good Land, with two Dwelling-Houses, and other out buildings. It may be purchased together, or in separate divisions. Payment will be made easy. —ALSO—
A share in the Ohio Company, containing nearly Twelve Hundred Acres of excellent Land. For further particulars apply to PARDON TILLINGHAST. Exeter, Feb. 25. 50tf
Wm. Moore, jun. & Co.
HAVE FOR SALE, At their Store near the Red Market, A NEW and General Assortment of Seasonable DRY GOODS;
A few Boxes English and American HATS; A Large Stock of Cutlery, Hard-Ware, and GROCERIES, WHOLE-SALE AND RETAIL, warranted as Cheap as at any Store in the State.
—ALSO— 20 Hhds. Good flavor'd Tobago RUM. 8 Do. Antigua and Jamacia RUM. 4 Pipes Holland GIN. 3000 wt. COFFEE. A few Chests TEA. 50 Kegs Negro head TOBACCO. A few Bags PIMENTO.
—LIKEWISE— 20 Hhds. good retailing MOLASSES at a reduced price.—For Cash or approved Notes. Newport, Jan. 2, 1802. 10tf
REAL Port Wine, in quarter and half quarter Casks. Malaga ditto ditto. 30 Casks Raisins. 40 Boxes Muscated ditto. 10 ditto Jordan shelled Almonds. 20 Jars Malaga Grapes. Turkey Figs of the nicest quality. Malaga ditto in frails. 10 Capes Creme de Noyan Cordial. 1 Butt Currants. Prime Nutmegs—Mace—Cloves—Cassia—Cinnamon. Madeira Citron. India Preserves in Jars, viz. Ginger—Citron—Lemon and Lime. The above Articles are of the latest Importation.
—A L S O— A few Puncheons Antigua Rum, Black Pepper in bags. Best green Coffee ditto. Kegs of English Mustard. Salt-Petre by the cwt. Wrapping-Paper per ream. Spanish Flote—French & Carolina Indigo, &c. For Sale, by HAZARD & GARDNER. Newport, Jan. 29, 1802. 18tf
For Sale, By JOSEPH BRIGGS, 10 Hhds. 3d proof Windward-Island RUM, good flavor'd. 3 Do. Jamaica SPIRITS, 4th proof. 20 Hhds. of good retailing MOLASSES. 50 Firkins of the best of Hog's LARD. A few Casks of SHERRY WINE, of an excellent quality. Newport, Feb. 27. 50tf
Nicholas Webster, INFORMS the Public, that he has opened a GROCERY STORE in Broad Street, in the house, late the property of Mr. Caleb Earl, where he has for Sale a general assortment of WEST-INDIA GOODS.
Among others, are the following articles: Rum, Brandy, Gin, Cherry-Rum, Molasses, Flour, Rye and Indian Meal, Tea of various kinds, Coffee, Chocolate, Raisins, Currants, Pepper, Ginger, Allspice, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Butter, Cheese, Candies, Onions, Tobacco, Snuff, Powder and Shot, Lamp-Oil, Loaf and Brown Sugars, &c.—ALSO,
A general and extensive variety of Crockery and Hard Ware; Men's and Women's Shoes, &c. &c. with many other articles, too tedious to mention; all which will be sold at the most reduced prices. Newport, Nov. 21. 8tf
FOR SALE,
171 Acres of Land, LYING in South-Kingstown, in the County of Washington, with Two Dwelling Houses thereon, one Corn-Crib, one Barn, about eighty apple trees of the best kind of grafted fruits, well watered as any Farm in the State. Sixty acres of it is good Meadow, very clear from stones; bears great corn, barley, and grass; & is convenient for a dairy, having good pasturing, &c. Any person inclining to purchase will have credit for a part.—Said Farm lies within half a mile of Point Judith Pond—7 miles from Narragansett Ferry, adjoining the flage-road, and is very handy to sea-weed from the shore. For terms, apply to TIM. PECKHAM, on the premises. South-Kingstown, Feb. 13, 1802. 72tf
FOR SALE,
Cheap for Cash, and possession given the 25th inst. A SMALL Farm, containing about Fifty acres of good land, with a dwelling house, and orchard thereon, lying in South-Kingstown, Washington county, and State of Rhode-Island, within three quarters of a mile from the court-house, on Little Rest; and adjoining the main road leading from thence to the South ferry.—Said Farm is well wooded and watered, with a suitable proportion of meadow and plough land; would make a valuable stand for the Tanning and Currying business, or merchandise.—For price, and further particulars, enquire of CALEB N. GARDNER, near the premises. South-Kingstown, March 2, 1802. 76tf
FOR SALE, in Good Repair, By THOMAS GREEN,
THE large commodious Dwelling-House, in which he now lives, in Thames-street, near Carr's-Ferry; a well constructed large convenient store in the front, the yard and cellar well paved, a good well of water in the cellar, and a cistern in the yard.—Said House is well known to be one of the best stands in town, for every kind of business; & will be set up at Auction (if not previously disposed of) the 1st Thursday in May next.
Said GREEN having on hand, of the latest importation, a complete assortment of English and India Goods, is determined to sell them for ready pay, at the most reduced prices.—Also,
Said GREEN earnestly invites all such of his friends and customers, who have open accounts, or any one indebted to him, more or less, by book, note, or mortgage, to make payment as soon as may be convenient; especially those standing beyond three months (the customary term of credit;) while he hopes his good old friends will continue their favors, and not forsake him now in the decline of life, to whom he devotely offers his grateful acknowledgments for manifold favors, already received for a long series of time past. Newport, Jan. 16, 1802. 16tf
William Douglass,
At the Head of Broad-Street, HAS just received Two Thousand weight of long clean FLAX, which will be sold at a very small advance for Cash. Also, West-India and other GOODS, as usual.
ONE Thousand weight clean Clover Seed. 50 bushels Burden's. do. And 30 ditto Red-Top. do. Newport, Jan. 9, 1802. 15tf
To be Sold Cheap for Cash, A Quantity of Ship and Pilot Bread, of a good quality. Apply to JAMES WESTGATE, near the Red-Market. Newport, March 13, 1802. 76tf
Cheap! Cheap! Cheap!
THOMAS GREEN, by reason of age and infirmity, proposing to retire from business in a short time—and having on hand, a handsome assortment of
English and India Goods, which he wishes to sell soon, either by wholesale or retail:—And instead of an Auction (as usual in such cases) is disposed to deal them out with his own hand.—Accordingly, said Goods are now selling at
LOW RATES, or LOWER, than might reasonably be expected at a Vendue, free from those disorders and impositions which frequently take place at a public Sale. Customers will receive decent and orderly attention with utmost dispatch.
Town and Country Traders, may probably find their accounts, by calling at his Store. Newport, Feb. 5. 50
John & Henry Cahoon,
HAVE FOR SALE, At their STORE on Banister's Wharf,
BROWN SUGAR, by the barrel or box; Molasses, by the hoghead; Flour, by the barrel; Powder, by the cask; Sheathing-Paper, by the hundred; Candles, by the box; Iron Caboose; and genuine SPANISH SEGARS.—ALSO,
HONEY, by the barrel or gallon—New-York Soap, by the box—Negro-Head Tobacco—Best 4th proof Jamaica Rum—Iron Stoves—Salt-Petre'd Hams—Butter, and Hog's Lard, &c.—LIKEWISE,
LIQUORS, of the best kind, a general Assortment—and various other Articles in the Grocery Line—a complete assortment of which they propose to be constantly supplied with.
MASTERS of Packets, Passengers, &c. may be supplied at said Store, on the shortest Notice—with any Article they may want—and their Favors gratefully acknowledged.
GREEN CHAIRS, per Dozen—Bar-Iron, per Hundred wt.—Mouldings and Cornel, per barrel—Onions, per Hundred bunches, or smaller quantities—LOAF-SUGARS, and a variety of the best of TEAS. Newport, Feb. 20, 1802. 3tf
To be sold, and possession given next Spring.
A F A R M,
LYING in Safford, State of Connecticut, pleasantly situated, within 40 rods of the Meeting-House and Academy, in said town, and only 16 miles from the City of Hartford, on the great Stage Road leading from thence to Dartmouth College; and from Boston to New-York, Albany, &c. Said Farm contains 100 acres of Land under good improvement; well fenced; with a suitable proportion of Orcharding, Mowing, Pasturing, Plow-land, &c. two handsome and convenient Dwelling-Houses, Barns, with good Stables, Out-Houses, two Wells of excellent water, and almost every other accommodation necessary for a Tavern.
It is as beautiful and eligible a stand, perhaps, as any in the state, for a Public House, and has been improved as such upwards of 30 years successively. It is likewise central and commodious for a Merchant or Tradesman.
A good bargain may be had, and an indispensable title given.—For further particulars, enquire of the Printer hereof, or the Subscriber, living on the premises.
SETH AUSTIN.
December 12, 1801.