The Kentucky gazette (Lexington [Ky.]), 1795-11-14 00:00:00

KENTUCKY GAZETTE.
NUMB. ] IX.]
S A T U R D A Y, NOVEMBER 14, 1795.
[VOL. ] IX.]
WANTED,
TWENTY TENANTS, To seat a tract of LAND, lying within six miles of Lexington, to whom beneficial leases for seven or fourteen years will be given by
John Breckinridge.
November 10. t.f.
TO BE SOLD,
One hundred and fifty acres of
L A N D,
Fourteen miles from Lexington, nearly on the road that leads from thence to Card's ferry with a good spring that never fails, well timbered and unimproved. Any person wishing to purchase, may see the land by applying to the subscriber, who lives joining the land—the price is as low as four dollars per acre.
JOHN LOWRY.
November 11. 13w
STRAYED from the subscriber, living near Parker's mill, a pair of dark brown OXEN: one with a white face, marked with an under-keel in each ear. Any person that will deliver them at his house shall receive five dollars reward.
WM. STRESALY.
* * I wish to purchase a quantity of PORK. W. S.
WHEREAS Henry West, on the fifth day of June 1780, entered 800 acres of land on a treasury warrant, about one mile south of the Knob Lick, and about three miles from Man's Lick, to include an improvement near a dry run & a beech tree marked S. now in Jefferson county; which claim I have purchased for a valuable consideration, and have the same assigned to me, and whereas I have obtained an order of the county court of Jefferson county, in October last, appointing commissioners agreeable to the act of Assembly entitled "An act to ascertain the boundaries of lands, and for other purposes." Be it therefore known to all persons whom it may concern, that I shall on the seveneenth day of December next, attend the said improvement and tree, with the commissioners, for the purpose of taking the depositions of Michael Horn and others, to establish the said improvement and beech tree, and to do such other acts as may be thought necessary and agreeable to law.
JACOB YODER.
November 6. t
Notice,
THAT on the fifteenth day of December next, I shall attend the commissioners appointed by the court, on an entry of 1400 acres of land, made in May 1780 in my name, on two treasury warrants, at the house of Charles Morehead, on the north side of the Beach fork of Salt river, about six miles below Bairdstown, Nelson county; then and there to perpetuate certain testimony respecting said entries, as the law directs.
Cal. Slaughter.
November 12. †
TAKEN up in the wilderness by the subscriber, Lincoln county, a dark gray horse, three years old, a small star in his face, trots natural, no perceivable brand, about four feet 8 or 9 inches high; Appraised to 12l.
James Barnett.
November 7, 1795. *
TAKEN up by the subscriber, in Clark county, Howards creek, a bay mare, fourteen hands high, paces natural, no brands, three years old, appraised to 12l.
Charles Gentry.
July 28. †
TAKEN up by the subscriber, living on Howards upper creek, near Dunaways Station, Clarke county a dark brown mare, about eight or nine years old, fourteen hands and a half high, a star in her forehead, a few saddle spots on her back and a small white spot on her right thigh, trots branded on the near shoulder C though not plain, appraised to 14l. 10s.
Wm Cotton.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, on Pitman's creek, a bay horse, about fourteen hands three inches high six or seven years old, a heavy mane and tail, small star in the forehead a bell on that is hung by a leather strap and a double buckle, branded on the near shoulder and buttock S a natural trotter; appraised to 17l. Also a blue dun mare, about fourteen hands high, seven or eight years old, a snip on the nose, both hind feet white, the tail has been scraped a heavy mane, several saddle marks, branded on both shoulders B M, and other brands not plain, appraised to 14l.
William Lee.
April 23.
Notice.
I AM induced by the imprudent conduct of my wife Rachel Ford, to forewarn all persons from crediting her on my account, as I will not pay any debts she may contract after this date.
John Ford.
October 26. 13w
TAKEN up by the subscriber, living in Fayette county, about seven miles from Lexington, on the road leading to Frankfort, a bay mare, about three years old, a star and snip, white on three feet, a mixture of white hairs on her back, about thirteen hands and a half high, has on a 4s bell, a leather strap and brass buckle, appraised to 8l. 10s.
John Brokey.
October 14. *
Two Dollars Reward.
RUN away from the subscriber on Thursday last, JOE, a brown, likely negro man, about five feet eight or ten inches high, about twenty-eight years of age, has a scar across his nose and has lost all the toes off his right foot. Whoever apprehends said negro and delivers him to me, or secures him in jail, so that I get him, shall have the above reward.
John Graves.
October 25. *1w
IN consequence of a contract made with the Trustees of the Transylvania Seminary for the land in Jefferson county, belonging to the Seminary; we will engage a number of families to settle on them, and will either give a lease for a number of years, or on their taking it for a shorter term, will pay them a sum of money for improving. For terms apply to THOMAS HART in Lexington.
Thomas Hart & Co.
Notice.
APRIL 9, 1783, John Halley enters four hundred acres of land on a certificate obtained from the court of Fayette county, for settlement December 11, 1782, to include an improvement made by said Halley in the year 1777, between the south fork of Elkhorn and Kentucky. As I am immediately interested respecting the claim to the said land, all persons whom it may concern are desired to take notice, that commissioners are appointed by the county court of Woodford, to take such measures for perpetuating testimony as the act of Assembly directs—and that I shall attend with the said commissioners on Monday the thirtieth of this instant at a sinkhole spring, on the said land lying on the East side of Glen's creek, to take depositions of sundry witnesses; near which spring is one or more trees marked with the letters III.
Reuben Searcy.
November 3. ||
Notice
IS hereby given to all persons whom it may concern, that commissioners are appointed by the county court of Bourbon, under an act of Assembly entitled "An act to establish the boundaries of lands and for other purposes," who will meet on Monday the 21st of December next, for the purpose of taking the depositions of witnesses to ascertain and establish a certain improvement made for William Galloway by James Galloway, of an entry of 1000 acres, which improvement lies on Stoner's fork of Licking, about three quarters of a mile above Bourbon court house. The said improvement was patented in the names of John Craig and Robert Johnson, and one half thereof was transferred by deed of conveyance to William Galloway, late of Bourbon county, deceased, by said Craig and Johnson. The commissioners will meet on the day appointed at said Galloway's improvement.
Craig & Johnson.
Rebecca Galloway.
November 3. 2w||
Notice.
IS hereby given to all persons whom it may concern, that commissioners are appointed by the county court of Bourbon, under an act of Assembly, entitled "An act to establish the boundaries of land and for other purposes," who will meet on Monday the fourteenth of December next, for the purpose of taking the depositions of witnesses to establish the improvement and cabin made by James Galloway for John Read, of said Read's 1000 acre preemption (which was patented in the name of Robert Johnson and John Craig, and by them conveyed to us the subscribers) lying on Stoner's fork of Licking, about half a mile above the mouth of Huston. The commissioners will meet on the day appointed at the said improvement.
Augustine Eafin,
Joseph Mitchell,
John Frotzman,
November 2. at*
I SHALL remove from Lexington to Beargrass, near the Falls of Ohio, by the first of November, where I shall continue the business of my office with due attention. I have still for sale some valuable LANDS upon Green river, the Ohio, Paint creek and Caesar's creek, N. W. of the Ohio.
RICHARD TERRELL.
Sept. 5. 922,1
TAKEN up by the subscriber, in Bourbon county, near the mouth of Strode's creek, a black Horse, branded on the near shoulder thus M. and on the near jaw and thigh 7. the off eye blind, a natural trotter, about fourteen hands high, about seven or eight years old, appraised to 3l.
John Dawson.
May 22. §
Notice,
IS hereby given to all whom it may concern, that on Saturday the fifth day of December next, I shall attend the commissioners appointed by the court of Scott County, at their last term at Augustine Eafin's beginning of 500 acres of land, entered May 13, 1780 at a small lick on the Shawanee trace, near the knobs, now known by the name of Eafin's Lick, near the head of Lanes run, a branch of north Elkhorn; then and there to take and perpetuate the testimony of certain witnesses relative to said beginning, agreeable to an act of Assembly in that case made and provided.
Augustine Eafin.
November 9.
PURSUANT to an act of Assembly entitled "An act to ascertain the boundaries of lands and for other purposes," I have procured a commission from the court of the county of Clarke to perpetuate the testimony of sundry witnesses to establish certain calls in an entry of a settlement of four hundred acres made November the eleventh 1779, and a preemption of one thousand acres adjoining, made April the twenty ninth 1780, on the dividing ridge between the heads of the north fork of Lulobogrid and Hington's fork of Licking, which dividing ridge is near the place where Milton Payne now resides, and also the beginning and boundaries of the surveys of the said entries. The commissioners for taking the depositions are to meet on the place on the twenty-fifth day of November in the present year; of which proceedings this is a notice to all who may have interfering claims or lands adjacent, that they may attend to the testimony of sundry witnesses that may be called upon for the purposes aforesaid.
* Edward Payne sen.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, in Madison county, on the waters of Silver creek, near Col. Snoddy's, a black horse seven years old, thirteen hands and a half high, branded on the near shoulder IS, appraised to 6l.
Caleb Williams.
May 25. *
TO BE RENTED for six Months And possession given immediately—
THE HOUSE and LOT on Main Street, in Lexington, lately occupied by David Sutton, and next door to where the subscriber now lives. For terms apply to
William Hulton.
November 4.
Notice,
THAT commissioners will attend on Saturday the 5th of December, at Lydia's Mount, to take depositions of certain witnesses to perpetuate their testimony concerning a settlement and preemption in the name of John Beesley.
13w Samuel Price.

From the Journal de Perlet, of August 16.
"The American ship Astrea, loaded with 10,000 quintals of corn, on the seventeenth of June, was met by an English cutter, who thinking her bound to France, seized her and carried her to Dover, where the captain went on shore for the verification of his papers. The second captain, Daniel Williams, forgetting the danger to which he exposed himself, tho' only of the character of fraternity which unites both nations, and boldly undertook to return that precious cargo to the Republic. In order to put that scheme into execution, a fair wind offering, he confined the prize-master and his gang, cut his cables and sailed for Havre-de-Grace."
"As soon as the commissary of marine and colonies was acquainted with that heroic deed, that presence of mind, and that zeal, he informed the committee of public safety, who authorised him to give, in the name of the French government, a sword to Daniel Williams, and to pay him for the loss of his cables and anchors."
Here follows the letter written to him. The Commissary of Marine and Colonies, to Capt. Williams, at Havre.
"The commission has informed the committee of public safety, with the service you have done to the French Republic by bringing over to one of her ports, the vessel Astrea, with her precious cargo, taken away from the enemy, by an action which characterises both your courage and desire of being useful to a nation worthy of obtaining such tokens of attachment from true friends to liberty. The organ of the French government, the commission of Marine and Colonies, desires you to accept, in their name, a sword, on which are engraven these words—"
"The Grateful Republic to Captain Williams, second on board the Astrea."
"May that pledge of their esteem acquit the sacred debt which they have contracted with you. Health and Fraternity."
The sword was delivered to him by the administrators of Havre, in presence of the Consul of the United States, and of several officers of ships of war. The most expressive gratitude was perceived in the countenance of Capt. Daniel Williams, who had only in his power to assure the French Republic of his zeal and attachment to their interests.
PARIS, August 29. We find in the Gazette Francaise, the following account of a grievous phenomenon.
"The village situate on the lake of the four villages de Bois, belonging to Lucerne, named Weggis, has disappeared, in the following manner: a rivulet which ran from the mountain of Regis to this village, suddenly changed its course; it was observed and found that it emptied itself into a profound gulf of the mountain. At the same time, it was perceived, that in many places near the village the earth sunk, and that the tower of the church shook. The inhabitants delayed not immediately to carry off their effects, and in a few hours the ground, on which the city was situated gave way towards the lake, and at the same time, a part of the mountain fell down and the village was swallowed up."
Letters from Vienna of the 30th of July, inform, that the Emperor had consented to the request of the states of Germany respecting peace; and that he has appointed the Baron de Hardembergh his envoy extraordinary, with orders to repair immediately to Basle, to treat that subject with our minister Barthelemi.
LONDON, August 7. About two o'clock yesterday afternoon, a Swedish messenger arrived and landed at Harwich from
a Dutch schuyte flag of truce, with the important news that the Dey of Algiers has declared war against the Swedes, and, in consequence, brings orders for detaining all Swedish vessels bound to the Mediterranean, until a proper convoy is ready to protect them.
August 9. Letters from Hamburg, received yesterday, mention the death of the Pope. He has long been extremely ill.
August 13. A rupture between Great Britain and Spain is now very generally spoken of in consequence of the cession of the Spanish part of St. Domingo to the French. That it is a breach of the celebrated treaty of Utrecht, is evident from the following article which we have extracted from it:
"And that more strong and full precautions may be taken on all sides, as aforesaid, concerning the navigation and commerce to the West Indies, it is hereby farther agreed and concluded, that neither the Catholic king, nor any of his heirs or successors whatsoever, shall sell, yield, pawn, transfer, or by any means, or under any name, alienate from them and the crown of Spain to the French, or to any other nation whatever any lands, dominions or territories thereof, belonging to Spain in America. On the contrary, that the Spanish dominions in the west Indies may be preserved whole and entire, the queen of Great Britain engages, that she will endeavour, and give assistance to the Spaniards, that the ancient limits of their dominions in the West Indies be restored and settled as they stood in the time of the above said Catholic king, Charles II. if it shall appear that they have in any manner, or under any pretence, been broken into, and lessened in any part since the death of the aforesaid Catholic king, Charles II."
NEW-YORK, Oct. 13. We have authentic information that in consequence of the expected treaty between Great Britain and America, the garrisons and the western posts, expect to leave them according to stipulation; the commanding officer at Detroit has been to examine the ground for a post on the opposite side of the lake, and the traders are preparing for the event of relinquishment.
PHILADELPHIA, October 17. A letter from Paris dated Aug. 23, to a gentleman in this city, says—That a copy of the treaty with Great Britain, has been published there, and that it had not produced any remarks from the French government or French citizens.—That an armistice was that day announced in the papers between France and the Italian States.—That Boissy d'Anglais was considered as the most popular man in France.—That many of the necessary articles of life are cheaper there than in Philadelphia, &c. &c. We hear that the wife and children of the Marquis de la Fayette are arrived at Boston.
Lexington, November 14. THE RACES. On Thursday last, three horses started for the purse, the four mile heats on the Lexington course: Mr. Simeon Buford's horse Mogul won the purse, by distancing the other two the first heat.
On Friday, five horses started, the three mile heats, and Col. Abraham Buford's gelding Weasel won, by taking the two first heats.
RECENT. A Farmer, who had joined one of his neighbours in a newspaper, in which A. H's Defence of the Treaty was published, under the signature of Camilus : proposed writing to the printer and informing him, "that if he did not discontinue the productions of that aristocrat , that they would withdraw their subscription." "Friend" replied the other,
"'alcho' I despise the treaty, and Camilus ; yet I think, A Press to be useful, must be FREE ; therefore, an attempt to suppress Camilus's productions, either because the author does not think as we do, or is an Aristocrat ; would be to acknowledge the same principles in ourselves, which we so justly condemn in him."
Ambition is as restless as fire, which still consumes whatever comes in its way, without determining where to stop.
THE PRINTER OF THIS PAPER, HAS FOR SALE, A few Copies of SERMONS, Addressed to Youth.
By the Rev. J. TOULMIN, D. D. Minister of the Baptist Church at Taunton in Great Britain. (Price one dollar and a quarter.) Likewise, single Sermons and Charges, by the same author.
Twenty-five Cents FOR apprehending and delivering to me in Lexington, LANDIE RICHARDSON, an Apprentice to the hatting business. He is about seventeen years old, well grown; much addicted to lying. All persons are cautioned against harboring him, as they shall answer it at their peril.
Arch. Brown. October 23. 3P
FIFTY TENANTS WANTED.
ON a tract of LAND in Jefferson county, lately leased of the Transylvania Seminary. It is most eligibly situated, on the Ohio and Harrod's creek, at the distance of about eight miles above the Falls. The land is of the first quality, well watered and covered with the most luxuriant cane. The Beargrass settlements are within between two and three miles of it, and other settlements are forming on every side. There are good mills in the neighborhood, and it is intended to erect one very convenient to the settlers.
The land will be divided into tracts suiting the convenience of the tenants, and will be let for seven years, on either of the two following terms:
1. The Tenants shall have the land they clear, rent free for five years, and pay two dollars or four bushels of wheat per acre, for each of the two remaining years. 2. Rent free three years, and half a dollar per acre for the fourth year,—three quarters for the fifth,—one dollar for the sixth, and one dollar and a quarter for the seventh.
Farther particulars may be had by enquiring at the store of THOMAS HART & SON, or of SAMUEL PRICE & Co. in Lexington, or of the Agent who will soon be on the land.
November 2. NOTICE.
THAT in the month of October in the year 1780, I located a preemption warrant, No. 337, for 400 acres of land in the county of Kentucky, now Clarke, on the waters of Licking; about three miles eastward of Nicholas Anderson's preemption, which was surveyed the 12th day of May, 1784, and patented the 19th day of July, 1786. On my application to the county court of Clarke, they have appointed commissioners to attend and take depositions of witnesses, &c. agreeable to an act of assembly, entitled 'an act to ascertain the boundaries of lands and for other purposes.' All persons are therefore notified, that I shall attend the commissioners aforesaid, on the first Monday in December next, at Harper's station in the said county of Clarke, then and there to take such depositions as may be deemed proper to perpetuate testimony respecting the entry aforesaid as the law requires. 3w5
David Crews. Madison county, Oct. 31, 1795.
Notice IS hereby given to all whom it may concern: that an arbitration bond has been entered into between Humphrey Marshall and William Kelly, relative to an interference between two entries, the one in the name of Arthur Fox, and the other in the name of William Lamb and an entry in the name of John Crittenden, upon which a decision was in part made, with which we are advised, that we ought not, and cannot be compelled to comply. All persons are therefore forewarned from purchasing from the said Humphrey Marshall, or any person interested in the said entry in the name of John Crittenden. For the more certain information of the public the following is a copy of the entry (to wit) "John Crittenden makes the following amendment to his entry of 4767 acres as assignee of Thomas Marshall, on part of a treasury warrant, No. 11,390 beginning in the line of William Bennett's preemption of one thousand acres known by the name of Crittenden's camp, running S. ten W. to G. Wale's N. W. corner of a survey of one thousand acres, thence with said Wale's line and Thomas Wall's S. 80 E. six hundred and 13 poles, thence with Thomas Wall's S. ten W. 300 poles to his corner, thence N. 80 W. two hundred and thirteen poles to George Wall's line, thence along his line to Ben. Asby's line of a survey of five hundred acres, thence with said line S. W. until it strikes said Crittenden's line of a survey of four hundred acres, thence S. E. to the corner thereof, thence S. W. with said line until it strikes a preemption of said Crittenden's of one thousand acres, thence S. E. with said line to the corner, thence N. E. to William Elliott's and Jacob Myers's corners of a preemption of one thousand acres, thence eastwardly with said Myers's line and other prior lines down Shannon's branch and from the beginning with said Bennett's line and the line of a fifteen hundred acre entry made by John Bradford in 1780, for some person whose name I know not, passing the corner on same direction for quantity, excluding two hundred and fifty acres." Miriam Calmes. February 8th 1783."
A Copy. Teste. ROBERT PARKER, S.F.C. Catherine Kelly, widow of Samuel Kelly dec. William Kelly, James Scott & Elizabeth Scott his wife, Margaret Kelly, Samuel Kelly, Eleanor Kelly, John Kelly, Rebecca Kelly, Sarah Kelly, & Jane Kelly. Heirs and Representatives of S. Kelly dec.
Ten Dollars Reward. RUN away from the subscriber, living at the forks of Licking, Campbell County, a negro wench named Dinah, about thirty years of age, low and thick I expect she is somewhere about Lexington whoever delivers the said wench to the subscriber, or secures in the Lexington or Bourbon jail, so that I get her again, shall have the above reward. Alvin Mountjoy.
THE present lease to Col. James F. Moore of such part of Men's Lick as belongs to Mary Owen Todd, will expire on the first day of May next, previous to which time it will be proper to renew the same that arrangements may be made for working the lick to advantage. I hereby give notice, that I shall be in Frankfort on the 27th instant, when, or at any time previous thereto, I with any person who may desire to lease the same, to forward their proposals to the subscriber. LEVI TODD. November 14. 2w*

Four Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen from the pasture of Thomas Conn, jun. or Cooper's run, Bourbon county, a dark bay horse, about fifteen hands high, six or seven years old, a small white ring round both hind feet at the root of the hoof, a spot on one side about the size of a dollar, rather darker than the rest of his body, hanging mane & switch tail, shod all round, his shoes steeled before, branded on the near shoulder H. Whoever delivers the said horse to Thomas Conn, jun. Bourbon county, or William Hamilton, Fayette county, shall receive the above reward.
*3w Oct. 31, 1795.
Five Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen on the night of the 26th of September last, from the plantation of John Layton near Bourbon court house, a bright bay horse about seven or eight years old, about fourteen & a half hands high, branded on the near shoulder with a large I and on the near buttock with a small FA, and marked with a great many saddle spots, crest fallen in his neck, had a large bell on, branded HP in a piece, put on with a double collar, shod all round. Whoever brings said horse to Robert Caldwell's horse mill, one mile from Bourbon on Lexington road, shall have the above reward given by,
*2w George Miller.
Public Notice.
THAT on the tenth day of December next, agreeable to an order of the county court of Clarke and an act of Assembly in that case made, I shall attend at the head of the Four Mile run waters of Kentucky, on the north side thereof to take such depositions as I may think proper for establishing the beginning and entry, &c. of a settlement of 400 acres of land entered by me January 10, 1780—and then and there to do such other thing or things as is by law permitted.
Joshua Barton. November 4, 1795. 3t||
STOLEN,
ON Sunday night last, the twenty-fifth instant, out of the pasture of the subscriber, a black HORSE, sixteen hands high, blaze face, wall eyes, the left has been sore, and there still remains a scum on it; hind feet white, no brand perceptible. A Reward of FIFTEEN DOLLARS will be paid on the delivery of the horse and thief, or SIX DOLLARS for the horse alone.
William M'Clelland. Bourbon county, October 26. 3t
Ten Dollars Reward,
FOR apprehending and securing in any jail in the United States, Richard White, a native of York county, Pennsylvania, served as apprentice to Mr. M'Leod, joiner in Baltimore, who took him to Lexington Kentucky, from thence the said villain stole my horse on the tenth of August last, and sold him in Washington county, Virginia, to Mr. Lytle of Kentucky. White is about twenty three years old, short brown curly hair, his looks entitles him to a turn in the Sheriff's country dance I suppose him in Maryland or Pennsylvania, but probably will return for more horses to Kentucky. The above reward and all reasonable charges will be paid By Mr. William Leavy Mr. John Kay Lexington, or
Dennis M'Carthy. Abingdon, Virginia, October 8. N B. Mr. Lytle is required to deliver the above horse to Mr. William Leavy or Mr. John Kay as above. 3w
By virtue of a Power of Attorney Will be Sold to the Highest Bidder,
Before the door of Mr. Weisiger's Tavern in the Town of Frankfort, on Thursday, the 19th day of November next,
That VALUABLE TRACT of
L A N D,
LYING opposite said town, late the property of Col. Edmund Lyne dec. containing four hundred acres. On the above day and place, will be sold, one thousand acres, lying on Harrods creek, Jefferson county, patented in the name of William Lyne, devisee of George Lyne dec'd; this land is said to be very valuable. And on the 26th day of the same month will be sold, in like manner, on the premises, that valuable tract whereon col. Edmund Lyne lived, in Bourbon county, containing 400 acres. The sales will be on the above mentioned days, if fair, if not, the next fair day. A credit of twelve months will be given for one half the purchase money, on giving bond and approved security, to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid; the other half to be paid on making the deeds of conveyance.
Wm. Starling. September 14, 1795.
THOMAS HART & SON, Have Just Received, and are now opening, An EXTENSIVE and GENERAL Assortment of
MERCHANDIZE,
Which they will sell LOW by Whole Sale or Retail.
They have also a large assortment of
Boultng Cloths & Copper,
Which they will sell at a more reduced price than they have even sold at in this country.
Wanted, An APPRENTICE TO THE TANNING BUSINESS.
A LAD of about sixteen or seventeen years of age, who can come well recommended, and of a good family, will be received by the subscriber fourteen miles from Lexington, on the Hickman road. tf Jonas Davinport.
The subscriber has FOR SALE, A QUANTITY OF EXCELLENT VINEGAR: Which he will sell by the barrel or gallon. Jacob Kiefer, Distiller. Lexington, October 24. tf
A LIST of LETTERS remaining in the Post Office, Frankfort, & if not taken out in three months will be sent to the general Post Office as dead letters:
B ROADNAX, HENRY, near Frankfort.
The Clerk of the Court of Appeals, Frankfort.
Graham, George, Esq. Preston, Kentucky.
Hancock, Samuel, at or near the Salt works.
Marshall, Humphrey, Esq. Kent.
Roberts, John, Frankfort.
Speed, Thomas, Mann's lick.
Schoolsfield, Benjamin, saddler, Frankfort, 3.
Stureman, William, Franklin.
Trigg, William, Frankfort.
Peter G. Voerhies, P.M. October 13.
ALL persons are hereby forewarned from taking an assignment on a bond given by me to Isaac Ware, for sixty five pounds, dated the 15 of July last, and payable the 15 of June next; as I am determined not to pay it until he settles with me for certain monies I have been obliged to pay on his account since the date of said bond.
Benjamin S. Cox
FOR SALE,
The following tracts of
L A N D, (Viz.)
TWO thousand acres on Salt river, twelve miles above Bullitt's lick, Jefferson county.
Five hundred acres on Cedar creek, Nelson.
Two hundred do. do.
Two hundred do. do.
Two hundred do. near Bullitt's licks.
Two hundred and fifty do. on Hay's fork of Silver creek, Madison.
Three hundred and forty-eight and two thirds do. near the mouth of Green river.
Five hundred do. on Cabbins creek, six miles above Limestone, near the Ohio.
Three hundred and fifty do. five miles East of Lexington, on North Elkhorn, Fayette; with an improvement of forty acres cleared land, a dwelling house twenty-four by eighteen, of hewed logs, a kitchen eighteen by sixteen, of do. and some cabins, cribs &c. about four acres planted with peach trees, a hundred and odd apple trees, and some meadow. The terms of said lands will be made known by applying to the subscriber living on the last mentioned tract.
William Porter jun.
P. S. I have also for sale, four or five head of HORSES, amongst which is a full bred Stud Horse, of an elegant form, upwards of fifteen hands high. 11 W. P.
Run away
FROM the subscriber, living near Frankfort, on Saturday the seventeenth instant, a mulatto man named JACK, about five feet ten inches high, about twenty-two years of age, very straight made; had on when he went away a dark coloured furthest coat, lightish coloured close bodied coat of country made cloth, leather breeches, an old pair of cotton stockings and deer skin moccasins. As the above fellow was formerly the property of Col. John Campbell, it is likely he is some where in the neighbourhood of Lexington. I will give a reward of ten dollars to any person who will deliver the said negro to me, or secure him in any jail, so that I get him again.
Robt. Montgomery. October 29. 3w
Wanted to Purchase,
By the subscriber,
A QUANTITY of good clean barley, old Wheat and Rye, also a quantity of Hops, for which a generous price will be paid in Cashes when delivered at the Brewery in this place, known by the name of major Short's Brewery.
JOHN HOLMES, jun. Lexington, Aug. 31, 1795.
NOTICE is hereby given to all who may be interested that on the fourth monday in November next, in pursuance of an order of the court of Clark county, I will attend the commissioners, appointed by said court, at the improvement of William Bramblitt, on Stoner's fork of Licking then and there, to take and perpetuate the testimony of sundry witnesses, for the purpose of establishing said improvement.
William Bramblitt.
To whom it may concern:
NOTICE is hereby given, that on that on Saturday the 26th of December 1795, I shall meet at an old Indian camp called for in an entry of 3000 acres made in the name of Nathaniel Hart, in the year 1780, on the waters of Licking near Fleming's creek, in Mason county, in order to take the deposition of a witness to perpetuate testimony to establish the calls of said entry.
Robert Johnson.
October 26.
Woodford County, ss.
To all Sheriffs, Mayors, Bailiffs, Constables, and Headboroughs, within the Commonwealth of
KENTUCKY:
WHEREAS complaint is this day made to me, that William Burditt, labourer, who was lately committed to the jail of the said county of Woodford, on suspicion of horse stealing, did, on the night of the twenty-seventh inst. forcibly escape from the said jail, and is now going at large: These are therefore, in the name of the commonwealth, to require you, and every of you, in your respective counties, towns, and precincts to make diligent search by way of hue and cry, for the said William Burditt, and him having found to seize and retake, and safely convey, or cause him to be safely conveyed, to the jail of the county of Woodford, there to be kept until he shall be thence discharged by due course of law. Given under my hand seal this hand twenty-eighth day of October, 1795, in the year of our foundation.
JOHN CRITTENDEN. [LS].
William Burditt is about thirty years of age, five feet seven or eight inches high, with a down look.
A PROCLAMATION.
STATE OF KENTUCKY ss:
WHEREAS a Treaty of peace, between the United States of America and the tribes of Indians called the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanees, Ottawas, Chippewas, Patawatomas, Miamis, Eel-river, Weas, Kickapooes, Pianka-shaws and Kaskaskias, was concluded upon at Greenville, by his excellency Maj. General Wayne, and the aforesaid tribes, on the third day of August 1795: And whereas a strict observance of the said Treaty, by the inhabitants of Kentucky may be a means of securing to them, that long wished for, and permanent peace with the said Indian tribes, so essential to the general welfare of the United States, as well as the particular interest of this State; I have thought proper to issue this my Proclamation, hereby recommending a strict observance of the same, and cautioning the citizens of this Commonwealth against any infraction or violation of the said treaty.
Given under my hand as Governor of the said Commonwealth, at Frankfort the twenty-second day of September, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five, & of the Commonwealth the fourth.
ISAAC SHELBY.
By the Governor. JAMES BROWN, Sec'y.
TAKEN up by the subscriber living in Franklin County, on a branch of Bailey's run, about three miles from Thomas Lillard's a dark bay mare and mare colt, the mare is branded on the near shoulder J and on the buttock T, adjudged to be thirteen or fourteen years old, has a number of saddle spots, about about 14 hands high; the colt has a blaze face and three white feet, both appraised to 91.
Also an iron gray filly 2 years old, about 14 hands high, her near hind foot white, branded on the near side of the rump TB in a piece, has some halter marks: Appraised to 121.
THOMPSON SMITH.
August 15
TAKEN by Michael Souther, about 10 miles from Carpenter's station, in the wilderness, and delivered to me, one of the justice of the peace for Mercer county a black mare, about ten years old, four feet six or seven inches high, with a blaze face, the off hind foot white and some saddle spots, branded on the off shoulder thus S; posted and appraised to 91.
Benj. Perkins.
September 17

The Subscriber Intending to start for Philadelphia in November next,
REQUESTS those who are indebted to him will make payment (to Mr. Samuel Downing, who is authorized to receive the same) prior to that time. All those who fail in complying with this, may depend on their accounts being handed to a proper officer.
John Crozier.
Sept. 15th.
NOTICE,
To all the good people of this place as well as those who may frequent the same,
THAT I have the pleasure of informing them of opening a BAKE-SHOP in the house of Mr. Benj. S. Cox, near the corner of Main and Croft streets, formerly occupied by Isaac Ware, where they may be supplied with BREAD, CAKES and BEER, as well as BISCUITS for travellers, at the shortest notice, equal to any in this State, by their most obedient humble servant.
GEO. A. WEAVER.
Lexington, Oct. 3, 1795.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, in Campbell county, on Bank Hill, a bay MARE, fourteen hands high, a small star in her forehead, near fore foot white, 4 years old; appraised to 101. 10s.
Obediah Scott.
August 15.
FOR SALE,
Five hundred acres of LAND,
WITH a general warranty, lying in Franklin county at the mouth of Elkhorn, about eight miles from Frankfort, it being one moiety of a preemption granted to John Constant; the greater part of which is bottom, and a probability of a good mill-seat thereon. For further particulars apply to Mr. John Clay, in Lexington, or to the subscriber in Frankfort.
Willis Lee.
NOTICE.
THE Copartnership of ELISHA WINTERS & Co. will expire on the first day of December next. All persons having any demands, are hereby requested to call without delay; and those who are indebted, to make immediate payment, particularly those who have engaged produce, as none can be received after the said first day of December (unless under a particular engagement); and as the subscriber expects to leave this country soon after the expiration of the said copartnership, he will be under the disagreeable necessity of leaving all their bonds, notes and book accounts in the hands of a proper officer for collection.
Elisha Winters.
Lexington, October 22.
The Subscriber having begun Manufacturing
CORDAGE,
Wa is a quantity of GOOD WELL CLEANED
H. F. M. P.,
(As no other kind will be received)
FOR which he will pay a GENEROUS PRICE in CASH and MERCHANDIZE, in the Stores of THOMAS HART & SON, or SAMUEL PRICE & CO.
Thomas Hart.
July 10.
A Few
Journeymen Rope-Makers
Will meet with encouragement by applying as above.
I have appointed Mr. EBENEZER MILLER, to collect & receive any money due for the Kentucky Gazette, in the counties South of the Kentucky river, whose receipt shall be good against
JOHN BRADFORD.
Oct. 10, 194.
FOR SALE,
A tract of LAND,
Containing about thirty acres, lying within one quarter of a mile of Lexington. Also
Two LOTS,
Lying on High street, on which is an excellent dwelling house of hewed logs, with a stone chimney, and conveniently laid off into apartments, a good kitchen and out buildings.—For terms apply to ALEXANDER & JAMES PARKER of Lexington.
NEW WHOLESALE
London, Birmingham, and Sheffield
WARE-HOUSE,
CALVERT STREET, BALTIMORE,
15th of August, 1795.
John Graham & Co.
BEG leave to inform the Store Keepers in general, that they have opened a
Wholesale Hard Ware and Iron Mongery Store, In this place.
And as they are determined to be constantly supplied with every article in their line, Country Merchants will find it their interest in dealing with them.
They have on hand a large quantity of all kinds of Nails, Pewter and Tin.
SAMUEL AYRES,
RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the public in general that he has removed his shop higher up on Main street, next door above Mr. Moore's, and nearly opposite the Free Mason's lodge, where he still continues to make and repair all kinds of Gold and Silver work and repair watches in the neatest and best manner. All those who please to favor him with their custom, may depend on having their work done as expeditious as the time and nature of the business will admit.
Lexington, February 7
M'COON & CASTLEMAN, HAVE JUST RECEIVED, AND NOW OPENING, At their STORE, second door below the sign of the Buffalo, a large & general Assortment of
MERCHANDIZE, CONSISTING OF Dry Goods and Groceries of all kinds;
Which they are determined to sell low for CASH HIDES and Country EN.
Lexington, August 10, 1795
JUST ARRIVED, AND NOW OPENING FOR SALE BY BENJAMIN STOUT,
NEXT door to Henry Marshall's tavern, a handsome and general Assortment of MERCHANDIZE, consisting of Dry Goods, Groceries, Iron Mongery, Glass & Queens Ware, Medicines, Boots and Shoes, Calf Skins and Boot Legs; also a quantity of Hops, which he will dispose of on the lowest terms for Cash, Whiskey, Bear Skins, and country made Sugar.
Lexington, Jan. 22, 1795.
CASH will be given
FOR A
NEGRO BOY & GIRL,
Of good character. The Boy between fifteen and twenty years old, and the girl between ten and fifteen.—Enquire of the Printer hereof.
Lexington, August 17.
TO BE SOLD—
One hundred acres of LAND,
WITH a never failing spring, within two miles and a half of Lexington; twenty-five acres cleared, eleven or twelve of which are in clover, blue grass and timothy, also several convenient houses—The title indisputable. Apply to ALEXANDER & JAMES PARKER. Lexington, September 2.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, in Fayette county little north fork of Elkhorn, a black filly, one year old, last spring a blaze face, hind feet white, branded on the near buttock R, natural trotter; appraised to 41. 10s.
John Ryley.
December 9, 1794.
TAKEN up by the subscriber in Clarke county, on Elkhorn, near Capt. Lains a bay mare, ten years old, with a large blaze in her face, and both hind feet white, has some saddle spots, thirteen hands three inches high, branded on the left shoulder RH; appraised to fourteen pounds.
William Thomson.
August 25.
TAKEN up by the subscriber, near Boons Station one bay mare colt to years old thirteen hands and a half high branded on the off shoulder and buttock thus W S, appraised to 81.
Randel Noel
TAKEN up by the subscriber, living in Woodford county, near Kirkham's ferry, a black filly, about eleven or 12, with a star and small snip, the left hind foot white, no brand perceivable appraised to 51.
James Ligget.
June 18.
GEORGE ADAMS, BOOT & SHOE-MAKER,
BEGS leave to inform his friends and the public in general, that he carries on the above business in all its various branches in the house next door below where he formerly lived, on Main street, in Lexington; where those who please to favor him with their custom, may depend on having their work done in the neatest and best manner and on the shortest notice. Ladies may have silk and stuff shoes and slippers made as neat and as well as those imported.
tf. November 4.
Ten Dollars Reward,
STRAYED or stolen, from the subscriber living near Colonel Holders in Clarke county on the tenth of June, a sorrel horse, about fourteen hands three inches high five years old, a blaze face, three white feet, natural trotter, docked, and branded on the near buttock and off shoulder JT. Whoever delivers said horse to the subscriber shall have the above reward.
3W* Isaac Redman.
NOTICE.
THE Co-partnership of SEITZ & LAUMAN, is this day dissolved by mutual consent. All those who have any demands against said firm are requested to bring in their accounts for settlement without delay; and those who are indebted to them, by bond, note or book account, are desired to make immediate payment to the subscribers, otherwise they will be under the disagreeable necessity to compel payment in a legal way.
John A. Seitz.
Fred. Lauman.
Lexington, October 4.
N. B. They have on hand a large and general assortment of MERCHANDIZE, which they will sell low for Cash or a short credit, by whole sale.
PULVERISED BARKS
TO BE SOLD
By the subscriber in Lexington.
Andrew M c Calla.
NOTICE
IS hereby given that a company will meet at the three islands on Monday the sixteenth of November in order to start early on the next morning to the Sciota.
NOTICE.
THAT on the seventeenth inst. the officers that served on the late volunteer expedition, under the command of maj. gen. C. Scott, are requested to meet at D. Weir-egar's tavern in Frankfort, on business of importance.
1W Nov. 6, 1795.
Ten Pounds Reward, STOLEN from the subscriber the second night of this instant a large and likely iron gray horse six years old, branded IR on the near buttock; flat ribbed. whoever shall take up said horse and deliver him to the subscriber living in Mero District, Davidson county, near Nashville, shall receive ten dollars reward, and all necessary charges paid, or the above reward for horse and thief.
William Stewart.
October 9. 3W
PUBLIC NOTICE.
I SHALL attend, agreeable to an order of the court of Hardin county on the premises, on the 6th day of December next, to take the depositions of Thomas Harbinson and Conrad Custard, in order to perpetuate their testimony respecting the special call of an entry in my name for 800 acres of land, lying on Green river on the north side, about three miles below the mouth of the first large creek that runs in above the Barrens, to begin thirty poles below the mouth of a small branch about 300 yards a south east course from a Beech tree marked S. S. from thence down the river twice as long as wide, thence back for quantity, including two springs & said marked tree. 31st May 1780.
JA. SPEED.
Mercer, Nov. 2.
3t
Notice,
IS hereby given to all whom it may concern, that on Wednesday the 25 of November next I shall attend at mill creek, a branch of the north fork of Licking, near Jesse Hord's improvement; there and then to perpetuate certain testimony, respecting the settlement and preemption obtained in the name of John Vance, agreeable to an act of assembly in that case made and provided.
John Vance.
Washington, October 30, IMtp
Public Notice.
THAT I have a tract of land lying in the county of Green, on Pitman's creek containing one thousand acres.—and that on Wednesday the 25th day of November next, I shall attend at the place where the improvement on said tract of land was made, with Daniel Brown and Thomas Denton, for the purpose of taking their depositions, to be hereafter read as evidence, should any dispute arise. All persons interested therein, or having a claim that interferes with my claim, are hereby required to attend at the day and place aforesaid.
Elias Barbee.
October 25.
BLANK DEEDS,
—On parchment or paper— For sale at the Office of the Kentucky Gazette.
LEXINGTON:
PRINTED BY JOHN BRADFORD ON MAIN STREET.

N o . VI.
THE TREATY.
TO THE WELL DISPOSED PEOPLE OF KENTUCKY.
Fellow-Citizens.
THE tenth article of the treaty is in the following words—“Neither the debts due from individuals of the one nation, to individuals of the other, nor shares, nor moneys, which they may have in the public funds, or in the public or private banks, shall ever in any event of war, or national differences be sequestered, or confiscated—it being unjust, and impolitic, that debts and engagements contracted and made by individuals having confidence in each other, and in their respective governments should ever be destroyed, or impaired by national authority on account of national differences and discontent.”
Notwithstanding that this article speaks for itself, to the justice of every man, and contains an unanswerable argument in its own support; yet it has not escaped censure. Some of the objections have been similar to those made to the ninth article, and are therefore susceptible of the same answers. But this article in the opinion of some has been thought more highly exceptionable than the preceding, because it promises, that even in case of national differences, private contracts are to be held sacred. And why should they not be held sacred? The convenience of commerce induces merchants and others of different nations to trust each other. The governments respectively permit these contracts in time of peace. For what? To plunder the individuals in time of national difference? Surely such conduct must revolt every principle of national justice and faith. And accordingly the law of nations, now admitted in Europe has abolished this practice. Monies lent, or credited by the subjects of one nation to those of another cannot now be confiscated without a breach of the public faith, at least tacitly pledged, (by permitting these contracts) to hold them under the safeguard of the laws.
“In time of war the state does not so much as touch the funds which it owes to the enemy. Every where in case of a war, funds credited to the public are exempt from confiscation and seizure.” Vattel, p. 484. And shall the United States—the nation who stands so much upon the dignity, and purity of her character refuse to accede to this law? I believe it may be affirmed as a well known fact that the conduct of Great Britain in the late war with the United States, was conformable to the law of nations as here laid down: while it is equally notorious that several of the American states confiscated the lands of British subjects; and in a most arbitrary manner sequestered the debts of British creditors. It was therefore desirable on the part of Great Britain, to come to some equitable regulation with the United States on the subject. The article in question contains that equitable regulation. A regulation to be effected only by treaty; and which I should imagine would have been equally desirable on the part of the United States: Because however light justice may appear in the eyes of some men or even states, I cannot avoid believing that honesty is thought the best policy with a majority of the Union. Then,
in a political point of view, the article under consideration, should have been desirable to the general government. Because it will be a great inducement to monied men in Europe to lodge their money in the public or private banks of the United States, or of particular states; or to lend it to individuals engaged in business. It is easy to see that money gives a spur to industry, & enables men to extend their schemes of commerce, mechanics and agriculture, much farther than they could possibly do without it. And that consequently it tends to the general improvement and population of the country. Again, the United States have been and probably will be, in future obliged to borrow money. It is evidently better for the United States to obtain money on loan in the United States than in foreign countries. The expence of negotiating the loan would be much less—and all the risk of transportation, (which would be great in time of war, when most it would be wanted) would be saved, on both principal and interest.
Upon a scale still more extensive the principles of this article seem to me desirable; it is desirable to extend the empire of justice and humanity. In vain however, does the commerce of merchants, dissipate national prejudices, and spread civilization, and manners; in vain does the philosopher attempt to ameliorate the condition of mankind, by teaching letters—justice—and philanthropy; if the legislators of nations withhold their assent from the salutary work.
Before I proceed to the consideration of the subsequent articles which form the commercial part of the treaty, I will take notice of the claim for negroes carried away after the peace, and for which no compensation is made in this treaty. To judge of the propriety of this claim, and the ground upon which it has been repelled, it will be necessary to state the clauses on which both depend, in the treaty of 1783. In the seventh article of that treaty, it is stipulated, that “his Britannic majesty shall with all convenient speed, and without causing any destruction, or carrying away any negroes, or other property, of the American inhabitants, withdraw,” &c. “And shall also order, and cause, all archives, records, deeds and papers, belonging to any of the said states or their citizens, which in the course of the war, may have fallen into the hands of his officers, to be forthwith restored and delivered to the proper state,” &c.
Under the words, or carrying away any negroes or other property of the American inhabitants; the government of the United States, claim compensation for about twelve or fifteen hundred negroes carried from New York, which the British had plundered or received, in the course of the war, and which they had in their possession at the time of the peace. The British do not deny carrying away those negroes but they say that they were not included in the treaty—that they are not described in the clause under which they are claimed: Because such of them as were taken in the course of the war, like all other personal property belonged to the takers; and consequently were not the negroes of American inhabitants. That this clause might as well be extended to all other property taken in the course of the war, as to negroes taken in the war, as the expressions are negroes or other property: a thing not in the contemplation of either party. That some of those negroes came to them under the
faith of a proclamation which promised them freedom; hence they infer that it could never have been the intention of the treaty to violate the public faith pledged to these people, by restoring them to their former state of slavery. The conclusion which they draw from these premises, is, that the treaty never meant that they should restore, or deliver, or leave the negroes which they then had in their possession; but that they should not carry away others—the negroes of the American inhabitants. To corroborate this construction they have recourse to the subsequent part of the article which respects the archives, deeds, and papers—where they observe a very different phraseology. The object there being to return certain articles which had come to the possession of the British in the course of the war—the language is not, that those articles shall not be carried away—but that they shall be restored and delivered. Which they say is the kind of language that should have been used about the negroes, if it had been intended to comprehend the negroes then in their possession. I do not pretend to vouch for the validity of this argument, but leave it to the discernment of others. Nor do I think it necessary to enforce our claim to those negroes—since it seems fully confirmed in the opinion of those who censure the treaty. It is sufficient to say that the British minister was too confident of the propriety of his construction to give it up, for ours. In a few words, no agreement could take place on this subject. A question then occurs—should Mr. Jay have broke off the negotiation, and left all our differences in full force; or was he right in proceeding to accommodate those differences on such points, as they could agree? I have no hesitation in my mind in saying that he was right in proceeding as he did, and that the reverse would have proved him to have been an unfaithful minister. The treaty holds out the idea of further negotiation, and articles yet to be formed, and annexed to it. This subject may again be revived, if it is thought advisable, at present it was no doubt right to agree to the treaty without it.
It is observable that the eleventh article in the treaty is merely introductory of the commercial regulations between the two parties, and that it concludes nothing. It is free from any particular objection.
H. MARSHALL.
N o . III.
To HUMPHREY MARSHALL, one of the Senators from the State of Kentucky, in the Congress of the United States.
IN your observations on the third article of treaty you say, “it is observable that this article is intended to open a friendly intercourse of inland trade and navigation, between the two parties: It has nothing to do with the external or maritime commerce between the two nations.” You should have proved from the article itself that this remark was well founded, before you argued from it, as a thing that could not be controverted. If I understand this article it regulates not only the inland, but also in part, what you call the external or maritime commerce, between the two nations. By inland trade and navigation, I understand, that which is carried on and used, in the interior parts of a country, lying remote from the sea. By external or maritime commerce, I understand that commerce which
is carried on by one nation with another, by the means of sea voyages. If these ideas are correct, it will be found, that the third article does regulate both kinds of commerce: for when it declares, that, that article is not to extend “to the admission of British vessels from the sea, into the rivers of the United States beyond the highest ports of entry for foreign vessels from the sea;” it is manifest that it grants permission to such vessels coming from sea, to navigate our rivers as far as the highest ports of entry for foreign vessels: and that so far it must be considered as regulating the external or maritime commerce between the two nations. The subsequent part of the article also which regulates the importation of goods and merchandise, as it speaks of importations from Europe and into the Atlantic ports of the United States in American vessels, can have no other construction put upon it. It is not surprising, that the friends to the treaty, should, contrary to the express words of this article, endeavour to give it the explanation you do, for when the true construction is given to it, the consequences are so evident and alarming, that it would be impossible to prevent the most ignorant, from perceiving them. It should be recollected that the first ten articles of the treaty are permanent: and that all the subsequent ones are temporary only, and that it is by the subsequent articles, that the Americans are allowed to carry on any kind of trade with the dominions of the king of Great Britain, in any part of the world, except those on the continent of America: and it should also be remembered, that America has no territory except on the continent, with which any commerce could be carried on by Great Britain. If then by the third article, (which is one of the permanent ones) the British have an unquestionable right for ever to navigate all our rivers with their vessels coming from the sea, to the highest ports of entry for foreign vessels; so soon as the subsequent and temporary articles shall cease, we shall not only be deprived of the privilege of trading with the dominions of the king of Great Britain in other parts of the world but we shall also be prevented from carrying on any commerce, with any part of his dominions on the continent of North America, by the means of sea voyages, because it is expressly declared by this article “that it does not extend to the admission of vessels of the United States into the sea ports &c. of his majesty’s said territories, nor into such parts of the rivers in the said territories as are between the mouth thereof and the highest port of entry from the sea &c.” If therefore the construction on which I contend for, is the proper one of the third article, it not only gives the British the perpetual privilege of navigating all the American rivers &c. but it also excludes the Americans for ever from the navigation of the British rivers on the continent of America, below the highest port of entry from the sea; and will as soon as the temporary articles cease to operate, leave the Americans without any right to carry on commerce, with any part of the British dominions in any other part of the world. It is unnecessary to draw any inferences from facts so obvious and important.
But that this article may be truly understood, in every possible point of view, in which it can be placed; I will consider how it will stand, independent of the objections which has been just stated to it; and enquire whether it con-

tains that reciprocity, which ought to be found in all treaties of this kind, entered into between two independent nations. I do not object to this article because by it "we have let the British into a greater extent of territory, and into more rivers and ports, than they have let us into;" although I think, when the treaty was forming, it ought to have been considered, whether the privilege of navigating their rivers and ports, would have been a sufficient indemnification for the privilege it gave them, of navigating our rivers and ports; but I do object to this article because it gives to the British, the right of navigating all our rivers from their heads to their mouths: whereas it gives to the Americans, only the right of navigating the rivers in the British territories, from their heads to the highest ports of entry from the sea, but absolutely prohibits them from navigating such parts of the rivers within the British territories "as are between the mouth thereof & the highest ports of entry from the sea." For example, the British can navigate the Potomac and Hudson rivers from their mouths to their heads: they can enter their mouths in their sea vessels, and proceed with those vessels, up to the highest ports of entry for foreign vessels: and from that port they can navigate those rivers upwards to their heads, in any vessel not coming from sea, in as ample a manner, as the Americans can. But no American vessel can enter the St. Laurence from the sea, or navigate any part of that river: "except in small vessels trading bona fide between Montreal and Quebec;" and from navigating all other British rivers the Americans are expressly excluded "from the mouth to the highest port of entry from the sea." Where then is that reciprocity which is held out by this article, when it declares that "it is intended to render in a great degree the local advantages of each party common to both?" And where is that "free intercourse permitted upon principles of liberality," which you say is to be found in this article? I have sought for them in vain. If Britain had not as many ports or rivers to offer us the use of, as we allowed her to enjoy of ours: it was the more incumbent on our negotiator to demand, and the more equitable for her to allow us, at least as many privileges on her narrow territory, as we allowed her, in our more extensive one: but instead of this the treaty allows her the free use of all our rivers, by different modes of navigation; and prohibits us from the free use of any of her rivers, by any mode of navigation whatever. The effect this will have on the American trade must be obvious; as the British merchant may bring his cargo from England, to any place on navigable water in America, by only putting his goods out of his sea vessel into another vessel at the highest port of entry for foreign vessels coming from the sea; whereas the American merchant can carry nothing in an American vessel, into any of the seaports &c. of the British, but if he wishes to navigate the British rivers even above the highest ports of entry, from the sea, he must either carry his goods to those highest ports of entry, in British vessels, or purchase them there, after they have been carried to the spot by British merchants in British vessels. But you have assigned several reasons, why this privilege was not granted by the treaty, to the Americans, in as ample a manner as it is granted to the British, and I will take the liberty of examining them separately.
You say it was good policy to allow these privileges to British traders, because it will be the only effectual way of preserving peace, between the two nations; and between America and the Indians. This way of preserving peace by giving up every thing, which could
have been asked of us if we had been a conquered nation, can never accord with my ideas of liberty and independence: but so far from its having a tendency, to preserve a lasting peace, I am induced to believe, that it will be the certain means of bringing on a new war with the Indians, as soon as the British shall wish it to take place. If agreeably to the policy of the British, when they were the owners of the posts established in the Indian country, America had excluded all foreigners from a participation of the Indian trade: America might always have dictated to them the measures they should pursue: for nothing can be more certain than that those who supply their wants, will always govern their councils. But by the regulations contained in this treaty, the British traders must still supply their wants, and therefore will have the direction of their councils. As they will have every privilege which belongs to the American citizen, & equally with him the right to navigate the American rivers; and as they will exclusively retain the privileges of British subjects, and the right to navigate their rivers: there can be no doubt, but that they will possess such advantages over the American traders, that they will monopolize the Indian trade; if they stood on equal ground with the American traders, in other respects. But when we add to these advantages, their superior knowledge in the language, manners, and wants of the Indians there can be no doubt but that they will be able to exclude the American traders, from any share in this trade. This idea is strongly supported by what happened at the close of the late American war with Great Britain. All intercourse had been stopped between the two countries for ten years; the greatest animosity subsisted between them for that time; France had during the same space of time, supplied our wants, and bound us by every tie of gratitude, to give her the preference in all our future transactions: but notwithstanding the operations of both hatred and affection, as soon as peace took place, our former habits prevailed over our passions; and we received our whole supplies from Great Britain; and it is notorious, that from this circumstance, British agents and their dependants, have from that time, had the greatest influence on all our public measures. If this has been the case with a civilized nation, can we have any doubts but that it must have at least as much effect on the different nations of savages, who postpone all considerations of future and distant advantages, to obtain a momentary gratification. If then the regulations contained in this article, will give the British the preference in supplying the wants of the Indians, and by that means enable them to govern the councils of the Indians; what shall we gain by the delivery of the posts? As far as I can understand the subject, nothing but the honour of supporting them: for they must clearly be a useless burthen, unless they enable us to regulate the conduct of the Indians: which they would unquestionably have done, if we had excluded all foreigners from interfering in their trade, within our territory.
You justify the exclusion of American citizens, from the country within the limits of the Hudson's bay company by saying, "that the country within those limits as to trade, if not soil, has long since been granted by a charter of monopoly, to a particular company, and that even British subjects cannot trade there without the permission of that company. It is not unreasonable then that American citizens should be excluded from it." You ought to have known that this was exactly the case, as to the East Indies, and the trade carried on in that country: that both were equally the objects of
monopoly, and British subjects generally equally excluded from the trade of both. How did it happen then, that the East India trade was laid open to the Americans, but not the trade with the other country? If the one had been prevented by the charter of monopoly, a similar charter would have been an equal impediment to the other; But the fact was, that the trade carried on to the Hudson's bay, was a very profitable one to the country engaged in it, that to the East Indies very much to the reverse: therefore the one was left open to the Americans, while they were excluded from the other.
You say that that part of this article which declares, "& it is further agreed that all the ports & places on the E. side of the Mississippi, to whichsoever of the parties belonging, may freely be resorted to, and used by both parties, in as ample a manner as any of the Atlantic ports or places of the United States, or any of the ports or places of his Majesty in Great Britain," was founded in good policy, because it will increase the number of traders to this country, and by the competition which will be caused by that means lessen the profits of those concerned in that trade. You certainly forget, that we as well as the British, are now excluded from this trade: that the treaty holds out no promise or agreement, on the part of the British, to endeavour to procure it for us: but only a stipulation, that when it is procured, it shall be common to both nations; altho' the British have no pretensions, to claim any share in it. This very materially changes our situation, as to the prospect of obtaining this navigation, for the worse: for as it is evident, that we are never to expect it through the assistance of the general government, but with the consent of the Spaniards; it is obvious that they will never give that consent, when the British are to participate equally with us, in the enjoyment of it. It is well known that although Spain and England, were lately connected in the war which they carried on against the cause of liberty in France, that that union was an unnatural one, and that even during its existence, the Spaniards entertained the greatest jealousy of the English. It is now said that Spain has made peace with France, the consequence of which must be, that she will be at enmity with England; what hope have we then, that this navigation will with the consent of the Spaniards, be laid open to us, when by that act it will be laid open to the British also. You say "but what the French have to do with this business is more than I can tell." Altho' you affect ignorance on this subject, it is well known, that prior to this treaty, there were the best grounds for believing, that France would have interested herself greatly in our obtaining this navigation, and that since the treaty, she has concluded a peace with Spain, without stipulating any thing in our favor concerning it. The ties of affection on her part, proceeding from the favors she had before rendered us; from our common love of liberty; from our common danger from the association of tyrants; & from the belief that we and our government felt equally anxious for her welfare; had induced her to take a warm interest in our success as a nation and to offer to draw the cords of amity between us, still closer: but the baseness of our then minister, and the preference which our government evidently gave to the British nation, had almost entirely aliened the affection of France from America. At this juncture, the recall of that minister, which was effected not by a sense of his improper conduct, but a return for the complaisance of the French government, in recalling Genet, whose greatest fault was his intemperate zeal for liberty; gave his patriotic successor an opportunity, of expressing the
which he and his countrymen in general felt for that nation. His honesty removed their former suspicions, and they lent a ready ear to his applications in our favor. At this critical moment, they received information of the treaty which was then negotiating by Jay: they demanded an explanation of it from our minister, and he, deceived by our government, deceived them, with an assurance, that our only object in the proposed treaty was, a redress of wrongs. It is no wonder then when the present treaty made its appearance, that they deserted us and our interests, and considered us, a people void of gratitude, honor and a real love of liberty. Thus it appears that the treaty has actually kept France from exerting herself in our favor on this subject; and there is every reason to suppose, that she will now throw every obstacle in our way, rather than the British should enjoy this navigation, which they must if we do. The war which France is now carrying on with Great Britain, is to reduce her power by sea, and it can never be supposed, that she will take any steps voluntarily, which will have a tendency to increase the British consequence in that way.
A FREEMAN.
[To be continued.]
The following articles of the constitution were decreed in the sitting of the National Convention, on the 23d Thermidor. (August 10.)
The French nation declares, that never, in any case, will it suffer the return of those Frenchmen, who having abandoned the territory of the Republic since the fifteenth of July, 1789, are not comprised in the exceptions passed with respect to emigrants. It is forbidden to the legislative body to make new exceptions on the point.
The Republican Calendar is maintained.
The second reading of the constitutional act was finished in this sitting. Applauses, and cries of "Vive la Republic," were heard from every part.
Duties of a Man and a Citizen. Added to the Declaration of Rights published in No. II.
Art. 1. The support of society requires that its component members should equally know and fulfill their duties.  1. All the duties of the Man and Citizen are derived from these two principles, which are engraved by nature in all feeling and just hearts, namely, first, Do not to others what you would not wish that others should do unto you; secondly, Do constantly to others the good which you would wish to receive.  2. The obligations of every person towards society consist in defending it, in serving, to be obedient to the laws, and to respect those who are the organs of them.  3. Nobody is a good citizen who is not a good son, a good father, a good brother, a good friend, and a good husband.  4. Nobody is a good man, who is not a candid and religious observer of the laws.  5. He that openly violates the laws declares himself to be in a state of war with society.  6. He who, without openly violating the laws, eludes them artfully or cunningly, hurts the interest of all, he renders himself unworthy of their benevolence and esteem.  7. It is the respect and support of property on which depend the cultivation of the ground, all productions, all the means of work, and the whole of the social order.  8. Every citizen owes his services to his country, and for the support of liberty, of equality and of property, at any time when he is summoned by the laws to