The Kentucke gazette (Lexington [Ky.]), 1788-08-23 00:00:00

KENTUCKE GAZETTE,
S A T U R D A Y, AUGUST 23, 1788
LEXINGTON: Printed by JOHN BRADFORD at his Office in Main Street, where Subscriptions, Advertisements, &c. for this paper, are thankfully received, and PRINTING in its different branches done with Care and Expedition.
EXTRACTS from the Journals of a CONVENTION held at Danville the Twenty-eighth day of July, 1788.
RESOLVED,
WHEREAS it appears to the members of this Convention, that the United States in Congress Assembled, have for the present declined to ratify the compact entered into between the Legislature of Virginia and the people of this District respecting the cession of the District into an independent State, in consequence of which the powers vested in this convention are dissolved, and whatever order or resolution they pass cannot be considered as having any legal force or obligation, but being anxious for the safety and prosperity of ourselves and Constituents, do earnestly recommend to the good people inhabiting the several counties within the District each to elect five Representatives on the times following, to meet at Danville on the first Monday in November next, to continue in Office until the first day of January 1790; and that they delegate to their said Representatives, full powers to take such measures for obtaining admission of the District as a separate and independent member of the United States of America, and the navigation of the River Mississippi, as may appear most conducive to those important purposes; and also to form a Constitution of Government for the District, and organize the same when they shall judge it necessary, or to do and accomplish whatever on a consideration of the State of the District, may in their opinion promote its interests.
RESOLVED, that the elections directed by the preceding resolution be held at the Court-house of each County, and continued from day to day for five days, including the first day.
RESOLVED that the Sheriff within the respective counties of this District be requested to hold the said elections and make return thereof to the Clerk of the Supreme Court immediately after the same are finished, and also deliver to each Representative so elected a Certificate of his election, and in case there should be no Sheriff in either of the said counties or he should refuse to act, that any two acting Magistrates then present may superintend and conduct the said elections and make returns and grant Certificates in the same manner the Sheriffs are requested to do.
RESOLVED that every free male inhabitant of each county within the said District has a right to vote at the said elections within their respective counties.
RESOLVED, that a majority of the members so elected be a QUORUM to proceed to business.
RESOLVED, that if the said Convention should not make a house on the said first Monday in November, any three or more members then assembled may adjourn from day to day for five days next ensuing, and if a Convention should not then be formed at the end of the fifth day, that they may then adjourn to any day they think proper not exceeding one month.
RESOLVED, that the Sheriffs of each county, or the said Magistrates, as the case may be, read, or cause to be read the aforesaid resolutions on each day immediately preceding the opening the said elections.
ORDERED that the President do request the Printer of the Kentucky Gazette to publish the proceedings and resolves of Congress by him laid before this Convention, also such of the proceedings of this Convention as the President shall think proper, and in particular that the Printer continue to publish weekly until the first of October next the recommendation for electing another Convention and the several resolutions relative thereto. A true copy. THOMAS TODD C. C.
IT is expected that a large company will meet at the Crab Orchard on the 12th of September, in readiness to move early the next morning for the old settlement. August, 1788.
Nelson county, Long-lick creek, August 9, 1788.
The subscriber has for sale, his
SALT-WORKS,
With two hundred acres of second rate well watered land, twelve acres cleared, and a good cabin thereon.
51 1 BENJAMIN FRYE.
FOUR DOLLARS
REWARD
Strayed away from the subscriber living on Hingston's fork of Licking, near Babb's Court-house about the middle of April last. A bay mare about thirteen hands and an inch high, nine years old with foal, a small bit cut off her left ear, docked but not branded, had on a small bell tied with a bit of rope, also a chestnut filly yearling mare colt with a blaze face neither docked nor branded, whoever takes up said creatures and delivers them to the subscriber shall receive the above reward. August 13. 51 52 THOMAS MECHEN.
Notice is hereby given, that on the first Monday in September next, will be drawn the balance of the lots, of the town of Boonsborough, and that deeds will be made at that time for the same; also for the lots already drawn. All those owning lots in said town are hereby requested to attend, as they may expect the sum allowed for building thereon immediate.
By order of the Board, WILLIAM OREAR C.
** It will be necessary for those who intend to take out deeds to come provided, as there will be a small expence on each deed for surveying &c.
May 19 1788.
EDWARD WEST
Respectfully informs the public that he has opened a shop in the Town of Lexington, on High Street and carries on the clock and watch making business in its different branches, all those who shall think proper to oblige him with their custom may depend on being faithfully served, and their business completed in the best manner and on the shortest notice; he has just received a quantity of excellent watch movements.
TWO DOLLARS
REWARD
Strayed from the subscriber living near Lexington, a black horse, about five years old last spring, about fourteen hands high, shows the blood, trots and canters, and has a small sore about the middle of his back: Whoever takes up said horse and contrives him to the owner shall receive the above reward. DAVID NOBLE.
RAWLEIGH CHINN
Respectfully informs the public, that he has opened private entertainment for man and horse on the road leading from Lexington to Bourbon Court house, those Gentlemen who will favor him with their custom may depend on having every attention paid them.
I hereby forewarn all persons from taking an assignment on a bond passed from me to Joseph Blackford, in the year 1776, for the sum of £45, as he hath failed complying with his engagements to me, for which he obtained a bond. August 5, 1788. 52 ROBERT M'KAY.
FOUR DOLLARS
REWARD
Broke out of Bairds town jail the 7th Inst an groe fellow named Isaac, he is small and pale coloured, hook-nosed has lost the toes off one of his feet, is very talkative plausible, and insinuating; he was lately the property of col. John Campbell of Jefferson county, and formerly belonged to capt. H. Pawling of Lincoln, who sold him to lawyer Brown of this place, he is well acquainted in the neighbourhood; Whoever apprehends and secures him to that the subscriber gets him, shall receive the above reward. THO. BARBEE. Danville, July 30 1788. 4952
I hereby forewarn all persons from taking an assignment on a Bond, given by me to John Hughes, of Lexington, for the sum of £60, dated the twelfth day of May 1788, as the said John Hughes has obtained the aforesaid Bond by unlawful means. JOHN SMITH. Lexington, August 1. 1788.
As there are a number of persons, indebted to the subscribers, for goods sold when they kept their store in Lexington, they request all such to meet them at Mr. Thomas Youngs tavern in Lexington on Tuesday the 9th of September, it being court day, in order to pay up their accounts; All those who fail to comply, need not expect any further indulgence. EDWARD PAYNE. Aug. 19th 1788. THOMAS LEWIS.
LEXINGTON, August the 23.
Extract of a letter from George Loveless to his father at Limestone dated Mouth of Mufkingem, August the 3, 1788.
"Dear Father, RETURNED from Detroit yesterday, with 9 Indians; and from my knowledge of Indian affairs I hope you will take great care of yourselves, as the Indians threaten to come and take your place. N.B. I have been out with the messengers from Congress, ever since the 14th of December last, in order to bring them in."

MATERIALS proposed for framing a CONSTITUTION of GOVERNMENT for the KENTUCKE COUNTRY
THE prevalence of the sentiment, that this country is so circumstanced as to render a separate government essential to its prosperity, enures the certainty of the event. When, and how its independence will be effected, depend on contingencies that may not yet be foreseen; and, with me, are considerations much less interesting than that of effectually securing, whenever our independence shall be obtained, the right of free men and the other important objects of civil government, by a well devised constitution.
PHILOPATRIA
MANKIND are constrained, by their wants and inclinations, to form themselves into societies for mutual comfort, assistance and defence; and the people of this District having found by experience that their remote local situation, with the many inherent natural impediments to an uniform and equitable participation of the advantages of society with the inhabitants of the other part of Virginia, renders a connection with them highly inconvenient and impracticable.
IN proceeding to an event of such extensive importance to ourselves, and our successors, it naturally occurs, that the same human imperfection which renders the aid of civil government necessary to the enjoyment of the advantages of society, makes it equally indispensable that the origin, the nature, and the end of such governments should be clearly defined, and their powers ascertained; as also that the duty of all the subjects should be prescribed, especially, that the trusts reposed in those who are to officiate in the several departments of power should be fixed and known; by these means to secure the community from the encroachments of domination on the one hand, and the tumults of faction on the other.
THE weakness of human forecast, as well as the uncertainty and changeableness of human affairs, make it necessary that the ruling powers of government should provide for contingencies as they arise, and secure the public peace and prosperity by laws and measures which must change with circumstances, and be corrected by experience; but prior to this, these powers should be established and regulated by a form of government adopted by the consent of the community, which should never be changed but by the same general authority that gave it existence: and that nothing more be left a discretion than public good requires, above all things it is necessary that such fundamental articles of compact or association should be explicitly stated and declared, as will effectually secure from perversion the essential rights and interests of every individual.
The second and third of these compose what is styled the constitution of a civil government; and may be compared, the one to the animal body, and the other to the rational soul by which it is directed; as the first may be likened to the successive devices of a rational creature for his preservation and happiness, which should always be suggested by necessity, directed by propriety, and proportioned to his faculties for executing them.
THE following important natural and social rights are humbly proposed as the original principles on which the government of Kentucky shall be founded, and the unalterable rules to which its laws and usage shall for ever conform.
1. Civil government was ordained of God, and ought to be instituted by men for the protection of the unalienable rights of the citizens; and for securing and advancing their interests in the present state of existence.
2. All men are created equally free and independent of each other; so that civil power of right must originate from the voluntary contract or assent of those over whom it is to be exercised
and power otherwise assumed is arbitrary and tyrannical.
3. All men by nature are the subjects of the sovereign of the universe, and owe him allegiance which cannot be abridged, or annulled by human authority; the estate all civil associations ought to be in subordination to his will, and with a reservation of our duty to him.
4. Whatsoever is a duty to the creator, is the unalienable right of the creature.
5. Liberty of conscience, or private judgment, and of free enquiry, are without the control of civil law; and for the exercise of which mankind are only accountable to the great searcher of hearts: more especially, every individual hath an indefeasible unalienable right to worship the universal creator, preserver and governor in the manner, and at the seasons he believes to be most acceptable to him; and no one ought to be hurt molested or restrained in his person liberty or property for his religious sentiments or worship; nor for joining himself to, or combining with any other person or society for the purposes of religion; but all men should be free to profess, and by argument to maintain, and propagate their own faith and opinions in matters that respect the service of God and the Edification of the human race.
6. No subordination of one religious sect or denomination to another ought to be established, or any privileges granted to one of them, which shall not be equally free to all; nor ought any person who does not deny the being of God, or is not guilty of blasphemy, to be deprived or abridged of any civil right, or subjected to any civil incapacity, line or punishment on account of his religion, or the deficiency or absurdity of his religious faith or worship.
7. Religion, or the service that men owe to the king of heaven, not being within the jurisdiction of the civil magistrate, it would be an unwarranted subversion of human liberty to compel any person to attend, or to contribute to the support of any religious worship or ministry whatsoever.
8. As morality and piety are essential to the happiness of men in the present state of existence, and lay in their hearts the strongest obligations to good order and obedience to civil government; and as the knowledge and practice of these are most likely to be promoted by the public worship of the Deity, and public instruction in religion; therefore it is the right and duty of civil rulers to protect every individual, sect, and denomination in the free and unmolested exercise of their religion without discrimination or preference; and whenever any religious society or congregation shall make application to the legislature for the acts of incorporation should be granted them, or such other decrees as may be necessary for the orderly and certain collection, holding and applying all voluntary contributions, subscriptions, donations and devices that shall be made by individuals for the use of such congregations, and for the support of their teachers and other church officers: but no such act or decree ought to extend further than to comprehend a society or congregation whose members do, or may conveniently attend at one place of worship; nor should the fund or annual income of any such corporation ever exceed the amount to which they shall be limited by the act under which they are respectively held.
9. Wisdom and knowledge, as well as virtue, generally diffused among the subjects of civil governments, being essential to the preservation of their rights and privileges, and highly conducive to their prosperity in this world; and as these generally depend on the advantages for acquiring education in a country; it is the right and duty of the legislature to encourage literary institutions for the instruction of youth, and the study of all useful arts and sciences; the Transylvania Seminary which hath already been established by the benevolence and liberality of the Commonwealth of Virginia, ought to be the peculiar object of legislative patronage: but other public schools should be erected in different parts of the country, that the opportunities for liberal education may be more equal throughout the community: and besides the cultivation of literature in general, it ought to be specially provided, that in all such institutions, the principles of humanity, benevolence, public and private charity, and all other social virtues be inculcated and cherished with attention; but what ever relates to religious doctrine or service should be left to the discretion of the masters, who are to be considered in these cases as the guardians of their pupils.
(To be continued)
To the Inhabitants of the County of Fayette
THE division of the County is again brought up. On the matter, and, no doubt in this, as in other like cases, the sentiments of men are almost as various as their interests.
In words every man is a patriot, a friend to the public: In actions most men are apt to discover a supreme regard to themselves, and to be governed by their own private interests, however incompatible with the public good.
The first principles of American liberty and government are so obvious, reasonable and just, that no honest man dare deny them; yet when these very principles are reduced to practice, many will strenuously oppose them.
Government has with propriety been stiled a necessary evil. 'Tis necessary to restrain the vices of mankind; and it is an evil on account of the expense that it separately attends it. Hence, that government which duly administers justice with the least expense to the community is of all others the best.
With these principles in view, let us for a moment examine the late proposed division of this County. Has it a manifest tendency to lessen the evils of government and promote our general happiness? If so, it ought by all means to take place; and no good man, no friend to the common rights of mankind will offer to oppose it.
When this subject was formerly agitated, the capital object of many leading characters was the removal of the Court from Lexington. This I considered as a public injury, and accordingly opposed it from principle. But now the ground and object of the debate are changed, and a division is proposed that wears the face of reason and equity, and seems well adapted to promote the general good of the County. I say the general good: For no division can be made that will promote the good of every individual.
The profits of some public offices and particular branches of business depend, in a great measure, on the number of inhabitants in the County. It would be inconceivable to the advantage of a small number of men in Fayette if all Kentucky was included in this one County, and obliged to a service here 12 times a year. But the present question is not about the private interest of a few individuals, but the general interest of large numbers.
And that the division under consideration is conducive to the safety, convenience and general welfare of the county, appears from the following matters of fact.
In the first place our numbers will admit of a division. This County now contains three times the number of inhabitants of any other in the district: And we have men already in nomination who are capable of filling all public offices with dignity. Our Militia have been formed into three Battalions; and should the county continue to populate with the same rapidity that it has for two years past, before this desired division can take place, our Battalions must amount to four or five.
Again, our roads in this County are bad, and always must be so in wet weather. This circumstance renders the attendance of those who live in the extreme parts of the County, and remote from Court, very disagreeable and burdensome. 'Tis true, every man cannot have a Court-house near his own door; but 'tis certain this evil will be greatly diminished by the division proposed. And to this,
The frontier situation of numbers renders their attendance on our Courts not only difficult, but very dangerous. They are often compelled to leave their families in a defenceless state for several whole days and nights, without a man to defend them from the merciless Savage. This must be distressing to humanity. Such as live safe in the heart of the Country know not how great are the sufferings of people in these circumstances. Moreover,
The poverty of our Country and great scarcity of cash renders this division expedient. Very few men can afford to live at a Tavern, during the term of Court. Yet many, on account of their distance from home, are now compelled to bear this expense, or to intrude upon private families.
Finally, the delay of the administration of justice renders this division above all other considerations, necessary. We are now grown so numerous that our Courts are quite over-run with business, and under the necessity of deferring suits from one Court to another, month after month, to the great damage of individuals. Indeed, our County Clerk was lately heard to say in public, that he needed three Clerks to do his business.
Now 'tis obvious that this delay in the administration of justice must aggravate all the evils before mentioned that result from the too extensive limits of this County. It multiplies journeys, the loss of time and a long train of calamities and expenses too tedious to be born or oreiated. It is equally obvious that the late proposed division is adapted greatly to diminish these evils; and promote the happiness, convenience and general interest of a large majority of the inhabitants of this County.
Anti in this view of the subject 'tis not possible for any man of honour and integrity, who is a friend to the common rights of humanity, to oppose so salutary a measure,
PHILANTHROPOS.
Per a part of the board and left at this Office last court day.