The American Republican gazette — Concord, N.H., 1802-08-10 00:00:00, page 1

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■ ~ Pref ent Editor.
Concord, August iq 1802.
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ff American Republican Gazette,
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I POLITICO
From the rONrELLIGENCER.
l itowro
HISTORY^
OF THR
LAST SESSION of CONGRESS.
continued.
,Eight diftin& documents ac,
Companied the message.
>Thejf^ contained a sketch
the present Rate ofthe objeHs un
der the charge of the principal
agent of Indian affairs fouth of
the Ohio.
) This document may be viewed
' > b as of considerable consequence,
as iteftablifhes the approximation;
, by regular gradations, of the ab
origines of the country, to the po
licy, the arts, arid the manners of
the civilized state. It represents
ah annual council, composed of
I^6 deputies for each town, to
TUESDAY, AUGUST to, 1802.]
9f a Year,]
AMERICAN REPUBLICAN GAZETTE.
PRINTED AT CONCORD, N. HAMPSHIRE, BY E. RUSSELL, FOR THE PROPRIETOR.
be convened under the fuperin#
tendance of the agent of the U.
States. "To this Council the a
gent makes a report of the state
of the nation ; suggests his ideas
of what is proper for them to do,।
and applies for compensation and
fatisfaftion, for offences commit,
ted in violation of their treaty sti
pulations with us."
The agent observes that—" The
number of deputies who attend,
cannot hitherto be restrained to a
given number, but they seldom
exceed 5 or 6 from a town : at firft
it required a continued attention
to the chiefs, tb make them com#
prehend the utility of such a phn,
and the neceffitv of carrying its
decisions into effe&.%
« Heretofore, every town, tribe
or family, provided its own regu
lations, and those of a general
tendency were left to the man
agement of public agents, who
used temporary expedients only,
among the most powerful and per.
fuafive of which were the pressure
of fear from without, & presents.
66 The council appoint a speak
er, who remains in office without
limitation as to time : all proposi
tions are debated until they are
agreed to, or postponed ; the a
greement is called the will of the
nation, and is expressed by the
speaker publicly to all the chiefs,
and to the agent for Indian af
fairs, who records such parts as
interest any of their neighbors,
red or white.
“ The council when convened,
fit night & day; the public build#
ing is the place oflodging as well
as business, and they debate as
much in the night as in the day;
they lie down when they are slee
py, when hungry they eat, and
when any thing important is 'un
der debate they attend to it.
« The agent furnifhes beef,
corn, beans and fait, and the town
where the council meet, furnifh.
es butchers, cooks and waiters.
The expense of a meeting is some
thing Jess than 400 dollars. I j
doubt not, in a few years, it will !
be a ufeful instrument to approx.;
imate them to a more civilized'
state, and give the United States
a more commanding influence o
ver them. One of the interpret#
ers, and assistants to the agent, a
half breed, and chief of the land,
remains constantly in the council,
during their fitting ; and the agent
has a right to enter and speak
when he pleafes.'
The railing of Rock is repte
fented as more acceptable to the
Creeks than any part of rhe plan
deviled, for their civilization. In
this they are actively engaged ; —
and the country is dated to be
well adapted to the obje&. Hors.
es are in general use; and oxen,
sheep, and goats are more and
more attended to.'
In agriculture the improvements
are floyly progreffmg. "The
agent has prevailed on several of
the towns, who had exhausted the
lands in their neighborhood by
LIBERTY and THE CONSTITUTION.•
By CITIZEN NEWSCHOOL, Esquire.
THE
culture, to fettle out in villages ;
this pradice is increasing, and all
of them fence their fields. There
has been a demand this feafoo for
ploughs, §nd 70 have been issued
out of thole lent by the secretary
of war ; and 50 ofthem in use by
Indians.
" There is a faurfery of peach
trees in the lower creeks, and one
has lately been effablifhed among
the upper creeks, and the Indians
begin towaccept of, and to plant
them. Nearly 5000 have been
raised and distributed since the
arrival of the agent.
66 The nurseries are increased,"
and will be kept up to the de
mand; they are hitherto raised
by the agent and his assistants,
without any expense to the agen
cy. Cotton is raised in several
places, but in fmail quantities, by
Indians fit does well throughout
the agency. The green feed is
in general use, and well suited to
the northern half of the agency ;
and the feaifland cotton, from
two successive experiments, pro
mises to do well on the southern
half ;'fome cotton has been sent
to market. Flax does well ; the
next season it will be cultivated in
several places : there is much rich
swamp land for it, and fufficiently
dry in the season for its growth.
Wheat, barley, rye and oats have
been introduced and fairly tried ;
the three firft do well, but the
springs being generally dry, the
oats have failed. The early white
and brown wheat is ripe by the
middle of May. Apple trees,
grape vines, rafberries, and roots,
herbs and vegetables, usually cul.
tivated in good gardens, have
lately been introduced, and they
all thrive well."
Under the head of manufactures
it appears that the agent had, the
past spring, (1801) delivered to
Indian women 100 pair of cotton
cards, and 80 spinning wheels;
and that there are eight looms in
the Creek nation; that the worrit
en have adopted this part of the
plan with spirit; that three Indian
women have by spinning com#
pletely clothed themselves ; and
that one of the looms in use was
made by an Indian chief.
The agent observes that « The
chiefs who were apprehensive at
firft that if their women could
clothe and find themselves by
their own exertions, they would
become independent of the de
graded state of connexion be
tween them, have had proofs that
the link is more firm, in propor
tion as the women are more ufe
ful, and occupied in domestic
concerns."
A very rapid progress is Rated
to have oeen made in the manu.
fa&ure of oil from hickory nuts;
and in the winter of 1800, 300
gallons were actually delivered
formarket. ^ ? 4 {
Two blacksmiths arc eftablilh.
ed, who in the, spring are reftri&-
ed to mending implements of
husbandry, while at other seasons
Volume ll.— Number LXXIX.
they attend to any work brought
them.
With regard to the adminiftra.
tion of justice, it appears « That
when the National Council ate
convened, all the white people
are ordered to attend on a given
day; three of the most refpeda#
ble are appointed by the agent to
hear and decide on all cases be#
tween white people, with the right
of appeal to him. In all cases be.
tween a white man and an Indian,
the agent hears and decides him
lelf. The judgments have hith.
eito been carried in o effe& with-'
out doing more than giving them
to the parties, and without costs."
The jecond document contain
ed the correspondence between
the Secretary of State and our fo
reign agents, in relation to the
Barbary powers, from the 201 b of
May to the 20th October, 1801.
By this correspondence it appear
ed that the executive had taken
the most decisive measures on the
firft evidence of hostile design
exhibited by the Bafhaw ofTri
poli; and had; through the Sec
retary of State, apprised our con
suls and other agents in the Me
diterranean, ofthe neceflary Reps
to be pursued by them generally.
The President concludes a let
ter to the Bey of Tripoli, in the
following terms : “We have
found it expedient to detach a
squadron of obfetvation into the
Mediterranean sea, to fuperin.
tend the fafety of our commerce
there, and to exe^cife our seamen
in nautical duties. We recom.
mend them to your hospitality &:
good offices, should occasion re
quire their resorting to your bar#
bors. We hope their appearance
will give umbrage to no power ;
for while we mean to rest the
fafety of our commerce on the
resources of our own Rrength &,
bravery in every sea, we have yet
given to this squadron in flrift
command, to conduft themselves
towards all friendly powers with
the most perfect refpe& and good
order ; it being the fi ft objed of
our solicitude to cherilh peace&
friendfhip with all nations with
whom it can be held on terms of
equality and reciprocity."
Three frigates and a Roop of
war are Rated to have been dis?
patched to the Mediterranean un
der the command of commodore
Date.'
The letters of our consul, Mr.
Cathcart, minutely detail his fuc.
ceffive conversations with the BL &
shaw, who had for some time, jea,
lous ofthe large sums paid by the
United States to Algiers, enter
tained expectations of receiving
tribute. In one of the last inter
views, the Bafhaw laid, “ Consul,
there is no nation I wiffi to be "'
more at peace with than yours ;
but all nations pay, and so must
the Americans." Mr. Cathcart
replied, " We have already paid
you all we owe you, and are no- + -
thing in arrears." The Bafhaw
rejoined, u that for the peace we ;
[Pay quartel,.