The Virginia gazette — Williamsburg, Va., 1773-01-21 00:00:00, page 1

TIIURSDAY, ]ANUARY its, 1773. NUMBER 35oss
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RULES FOR KlNC-S.
HE cnnccptinnq'os Kings :n'e commoniy as
far above the vuhsi-zn- :h their condition;
for being higher clern'ed, mid walking
upon the hsisizttlemenls ofsovercignty, they
sooner receive the ihlpirntiom of Heaven.
The greatest potentates us the earth are but wcnk,
netrable things; and,,thnngh somewhat refined
and kneaded down from that courser sort of stuff
which goeth to the composition osthc citixcns of the
world, yet they are so much the more brittle ware,
only they differ in their office, which nevertheless
makes therh to have far less tn hope for then to fear.
As in natural privations there is no recession to habit,
so it is commonly in the favour of Princes; whence if
one fall, he is never readmittcd into the suilncss and
strength of confidence and grace. Supcrcrogatory
iservices, and too great benesits'srom subjects to Kin 5,
ire of dangerous consequences when they make tie
mind more capable of_ merit than duty. The books
of Kings are written in dark characters, which few
can decypher, and their actions like deep fords wherein
eiephasints may only swim, or as great rivers whereof
we see the course of the stream, but know not the
source. It is with Princes sometimes as with porters,
whose packs may jostle one against the other, yet re
mainsi good friends still. Nature hath given no fling
to the King of the bees, although she hath to all other
hees, to teach Princes that nothing becometh their
dignity less than tyranny; and their only defence
' ould consist in the strength of their subjects. They
&uld imitate Heaven, which hath more thunder to
7 right men than iightning to punish them. The
Prince should not give his opinion first, nor last; it
is his part to conclude and decrce. If first, the rest
are bound to say as he doth; if last, it may happen
there may be contradictions betwixt him and his sub
ject, and by that means the subject may incur his dis—
plezsurc unwillingly. To have servants too great is
no good mark of the grcatness of the Prince, yet it
is proper for great Princcs highly to recompcncc
great services; To tell- Princes of their fuults is not
to correct but to offend them, sOr they love better to
be soothed in their foilics than ndmonished of their
duty. \V]icresorc it is a common misfortune thut
generally bcshis them that they hear no other dis
course but of favour and stk'eetncss: and thcv believe
that truth doth oWe them whatsoever enmpliment
doth insinuate. Sovercign avthority is like a well
composed sea wall, which is not so soon destroyed hy
thc violence of a flood, or the weight of the water
that falls upon it, assiby ;! light breach which gives
entry to & torren't to carry it'away. Kings- with in
finite more ease find instruments for their wit and
humour than for their service and honour. The
flrictest amity of Kings, at one timect or other, have
a turn of the wheel. Majesty maketh the people how,
but vain-glory bows to them. The King shlnds in
great danger of his subjects when his subjects zu-e
conscious to themselves that they stand in danger of
him. Princcs should draw hiood us physicians do,
rather to save life than to spill it; being rather scvere
than cruel, in their inclination to mercy, they come
nearest to the Almighty. '
The most temperate Princes love to tnsi -. the sweet- si
ness of their man praises, if not over ]uscious with
flattery, where their own deserts lzxy the ground work,
and their fzwourites give the vnrnish to their com
mendations. The best ::sii'simnce which living Princes
have, that their memories shall be honourably con
tinued, is founded (next to their own deserts) in the
muintaining of the unstnined reputation of their pre
(leceffmsis. The lives Os Pl'inees are more rsi-nd than
their law;, and generally innre prnctiscd; yczl, their
example pn'iseth us current as their coin, and what
they do they seem to command to be done. ,A
Prince's heart should never either ssbe elevated with
felicity, or depressed with misery, but ever indiffer
ent, though in far different fortunes; never bcIZ-sisiving
defliny to be grown so powerful that valour, bnckcd
by discretion, cannot countcrmamd it. Wife, though
potent, Princes will not at all times do what they
both can, and have a desire tosido. They have their
own ends, and yet will give the people iixtisshctiun,
and discrcctly wait for the opportunil )' of time to put
in execution such things usthey are sure cannot please
them. In acts ol'rcligionhumiiity is no less requisue
in Princcs than in subjects. Devotion doth un wrong
lo Majesty, and that which seems unrsiuting sm' gruvi
ty is honourable in religion. The must ii'ui'ssi'ul ;xnd
necessary lesson for Kings is humility; Their birth
:md qimiity make them disposed to pnside. Humility
is the true character of gflce._ All virtues are com
mendable in great Princcs, but humilit is necessa
many arc advised, but this is comman ed. He th.
hath not all may save himself, but he that hath not
this is undone. Is_ the shuls Of : Prince; knew
their fortunes, and dungers nn the' violent deaths
whereunto their bodies are ihbjcct, they would never
animate them. If they had any choice they would
shoner enter into those of shepherds; to be, if nor
more happy, at least more cohtented. Kings are
subject to sicknesses equally With their meanest sub
ject; a giasc is not the less brittle bec use the King's
face is represented in it, nor a Kin " he less brittle
because the Almighty is represente in him. They
have physicians, and therefore sicknesses continuaiiy
about them, or the worst of sicknesssssscontinunl fear
of it. Princcs who go not out of their cabinets,
whose lives are like unto oysiers always shut up in
their shclls, who cause themselves to be kept like unto
the fire of the vcstal virgins, and are like unto those
idols that have hands, and use them not, feet, and
go not, do always survive their reputation.
How poor is that Prince, nmidst all his wealth,
whose subjects are only kept by a flavish feurss the
gaoler of the soui. An iron arm, sustened with a
scrcw, may be stronger, but never so uscsul, because
not so natural as an arm of flesh, joined with musclcs
and sincws: So loving subjects are more serviceable,
as being more kindly united to their Sovcreign than
those which are only forced on with feast and threat
nings. A tyrant is one whose list is his law, making
his subjects his flaves; yet that is hpt & tottering king
dom which is founded on a trembling people, who.
fear and hate their Sovereign. He loves not to be
prodigal of mens lives, but thriftily improves the ob
jectsi, of his cruelty, spending them by degrees, and
cpicurizing on their pain; as if nature hn not racks
enough for men, he makes an add unto them. He
had his will all his life, but seldom makes his testa
ment at his death, being suddenly taken away either
By a private hand, or by a public insilrrcction._
Tyrunts never live to be solitary, but to make all
solitary, and seldom go forth of their palnccs, but,
like tygers from their dcns, to fear some, and to hurt
others. As the ascent ofusurping royalty is flippery,
so the top is shaking, and the fall fearful.
The power of :: Prince is sufficiently dreadful by
reason of his greatncss; he, need not make it odious
by cruelty. Lenity ought to be preferred before ri
gour; For well may he fear, his peoples revolt who
only obey- him through constraint. Let that Prince,
who would beware of conspiracics, bc rathcrjcztlous
of such whnm his extraordinary savours hzwe advan
ced than of those whom his displensure hath discou
tcntcd: These want means to cxecutc their pleasures,
but those have means at pleasure to exccute their de
sires. A Sovcreign being the sa'th'cr of his people,
he is bound to treat them as his children, and fear
makes them only masters of the hody,'whereas love
makes them rulcrs over the heart. The crown and
scepter are things most weighty: Is a Prince be ood
he is laden with labour; if evil, with insamy. 15!)th
should observcssthc example of celestial bodies, the
sun, moon,, god the rest, which have great giory and
veneration, But. no rest or intcrmiffion, being in a
perpetual office of motion sor cherishing ofinfcrior
bodies, expresiing likewise the true manner ofthe mo
tions ,of government, which, though they ought to
be swift. and rapid in respect of occasion and dispatch.
yet are they to be constant and re nlar, without wa
vering or confusion. They ]ikewiigz are to imitate the
Heavcns, who do not em'ich themselves by the earth
'zmd seas, nor keep no dead stock, or untouched trea
sure, of that they drnw to themselves from bciow,
but Whatsoever moistnre they do levy and take from
the inferior elcmcnts in vapours they return in" show
ers; on]; storing' them for a time toissue and distri
bn'sie in season. To semch into the actions of Prince:
dihtes more curiosity th'ctm honesty; for that which
is cxpcdicnt in a Prince, in a lower fortune, is utter
]y unmeet.
Kings rule by their laws as God does by the law of
nature, and ought as rarely to put in use their supreme
prcrogutive as God doth his powsi-r in working mira—
cles.
DESCRLPTLON osrm uncommon FlS H.
E A R Brondlhtirs, in the parish of St. Peter
the Apostle, on the gth osjuly, 1574, ;! mon
nrous fish shot himself on fhorc, on a little [And, now
called FlSHNl-LSS, where, for want of water, he died
the next day, before which time'his roaring was
guard above a mile: His length was, zz yards, the
cthcr jnw opening 12 feet; one of his eyes was
more than a cart and six horses could draw; a man
flood upright in the place from whence his eyc' was
taken; the thickness from his back to the top of "his
belly, which lay upwards, was 14. sect; his tail of
ihc shme breadth; the distance between his eyes was
12 sdct; three men flood upright in the mouth;
some of his; ribs Were ib sect long; his tongue was
:; feet long; his liver was two cart loads, and a
mn'n might creep into his nostrils.
\_________sissss -
s]: EPITAPHSM General WOLFE art
m-w dui/ssv appearing, w: afprrl-md ib: following
cl-aracter, written by an officer man)- fflfl'! ago, will
not I): uumterlaim'ng la' our readen.
N the midst of our universa], well founded, joy
for the reduflion of (lnchc, let it ever be re
membered, as an humbling consideration to huma
nity, that there scl] the young, the brave, the vir
tuous Ma'or General \V 0 L FE, cut off from the
summit of) public (glory, and all the most flattering
prospects of domc ic felicity.
To draw such characters requires : Rnphacl's pen
cil: The present attempt is an outline only, but
sketched by the hand of truth, unbiasscd and un-'
asked.
General WO LFE seemed by nature formed snr
military greatncss; his memory was retcntivc, his
judgment deep, and his comprehension amnzinglcty
quick and clear. His conflitutiona! courage was
not only uniform, and during perhaps to an ex—
treme, but he possessed that higher species of it (is I
may be allowed the expression) that strength, sicadi
ness, and activity of mind, which no difficulties could
obdruct, nor dangers deter. With an unusual live
]incss, almost to Zmpctuofiry os temper, he was not
subject to passion; with the greatest independcncc of
spirit, free from pride; generous almost to prosusion,
hc contcmncd every little art for the acquifition (:ict
wealth, Whilfl: he searchcd after oqucts for his cha
rity ad beneficence. The deserving soldicr never
went unrewardcd, and even the needy inferior officer
frequently tasted of his bounty. Constant :md distin
guishing in his attachmenrs, manly and ur'reservc-d,
yet gentle, kind, and conciliating in his mnsinncrsi he
enjoyed :! large share of the srienJship. and almost thc
universal good will, of mankind; and, to crown a",
sinccrity and candnur; a due sense of honour,]usticc,
and public liberty, seemed the inherent principle]
of his nature, and the uniform rule: of his conduct.
He bctook himself, when very young, to the pro
fcsiion of arms, and with such talents, joined to the
most unwearied afliduity, no wonder he was soon
singled out as a most rising military genius, even so
early as the battle of La-faldt, when scarce_tvsi:cnty
years of age, he exerted himself in so masteriy a man
ner, at a very critical juncture, that it drew the high
est encomiums from the great officer then at the head
ns nnr nrmv
During the whole war he went on, without inter
ruption, forming the military character; was present
at every engagement, and never nssed undiffinguish
ed. Even after the peace, whi (} others lnllcd on
pleasure's downy lap, he was cultivnting the are of
war,. He introduced, without one act of inhumzmity,
such re ularity and cxactncss. ssos discipline into his
corps, Sun as long as the six British buttulicns on
the plains of Mindcn arc recorded in the unnnls of
E'urope, so long will Kingflcy's'shmd amongst the
for'erhnst in the glory of that day. '
Of that regimcnt he continued Lieutemmt Cc'mxc],
till the great Miniflcr, who rouzcd the sleeping gcnius
oshis c'ountry, called him sorth' into higher spheres
of action. He was early in the most secret co;.fi:ltu
tions for the n'simck of Rochsm-t; and what I:; -—.-.—;.v/.-l
have done there, and what he afterwards z/ict/ Je ut
Louishourg, arc {siresh in every onc's mcmnry.
Hc wusssscnrce returned from thence \Vh£.fl he was;
appointed to commnml lhc important cxpuiitiun
against Fuebcc. There his ahilities shcm: out in their
h'ightcst lustrc, in spite of many llnibscs-si-cn Llinicul
ties, from the nature as the iimatinn, from great
superiority nisi numbers. the strength of the plzscc :;
scls, and hictss own bad state us htnlth lu: w. . sixcrsi-si'
, .
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with unwcsiu'ied diligence, pl'usi'sisiisimg every firm.!gcm
of war In Cssiia ]Asz Q'H's'usstr .ctsit ];zxi', __/: msil .uctct. /.<: