The Patowmac guardian, and Berkeley advertiser — Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.], 1796-04-21 00:00:00, page 2

r? 'ns for., to he p-,:d to the claimant*, 'and his Ca
tholic nnjeiiy undertakes to caule the lame ro be'
p..iii in Ipecie, "without deduction, at luch tirae and
places, and under luch conditions as thall be award
ed by :b“ lame comixiiliiop^rs.
Art. XXII The two high contracting parties,
hoping that tire good correlpondence and trienciihip
which happily reigns between them, will be fur
ther entreated by this treaty, and that it will con
tribute to augment their prolperiry and opulence,
will in furur" give to their mutual commeice all
the extension and favour which the advantages of
both countries may require.
And in confcq rence of r-be ',lipulatio'n3 contained
in thelonrth article, his Catholic m.-jelty wiil per
mit the citizens of the United biatcs tor the Ipace
ol three years Irom this time to depubt their mer
chandize and effects in the port of New-Orleans,
tindio export them from thence without paying a
ny other duty than a fair price for the hire of the
ft ores, and his majrli v promifeg either to continue I
this perthrJTton if he linns during that time that it is j
not prejudicial to the inteiefc of Spain, or if lie !
lhould not agree to continue, he will affign ro them
t»n another part of the banks of the Miffifippi an
equivalent efrablilhment.
Art. XXIil- The prelent treaty fhali not be in
force until ratified by the contracting parties, and
tlie ratifications (hall, be exchanged in lix months
from this time, or fanner if pofiible.
In WitnUs whereof, we the underwritten Pleni
potentiaries ot his Catholic Mijeliy and of the Uni
led Stales of "America, have ligned this prelcnt
treaty of friendfhip, limits, and navigation, and
have thereunto affixed our i’eals respectively.
Dene r.t San Lorenzo et Real, this ieven and
twentieth day of October, 179c
THOMAS PINCKNEY, (L.S.)
PRINCE DE LA PVZ, (L. S )
-4—4—<»4~« ► -
‘fo tbe Inhabitants of Fredetick and berkelej Ccan:ns.
• Fellow Citizens,
A T ibis alarming and all important crifis, will
not any man, however private his fituation
(when thole in a more public fpbere and offuperi- !
or abilities neglect ro do it) be excufed, when he I
fees (as he thinks) his country likely tb fee dragged
into one of the worft of evils, a war, an immediate,
nnnecefsary, and unprovoked war, with a!! its |
dreadlul conCbniitants ? That this is really the cafe,
the prefent proceedings of Cougrefs prove fuffici- !
enfly ; they have taken up the treaty, which they
have no fnore conftitutional right to do than our
btate-Afsembly. They have pal'sed a relolution,
demanding of the Preirdent the papers concerning
the Treaty; which- (in rny opinion) he cannot co;n
plv with, without a breach of honour, a breach of
truft, and a breach of the oath he’has taken to fup
port the Conititution. Would he not be guilty of
m breach of honour to the Englilh Minifter in nub
lilhing to the world his confidential correi'pondence,
cotnmifsions, &c. ? Would he not be guilty of a
breach of trui’t to his conftituents, in furrendering
to the Houfe of Delegates the power they buve in
veited him with ? Here let me beg your particu
lar attention ,* the oppolers of the treaty, in order
to deceive and prejudice the people, have asserted
that the Houfe of Delegates are their only repre
sentatives, while they have held out the President
and Senate Under the dreadful idea of king and no
bility : nothing can be more uhjuft than this ; the
truth is, that the three branches of government are
ail equally the reprefentatives of the people, who
have, by the Conititution (which is their will) de
legated to each branch fucli powers as they thought
proper $ and in order to keep tbeConftitotion pure,
it is abfolurely necefsary that the line 'of dematka
lion between each, be adhered to with the ftricteft
punctuality ; the people alone having a right to al
ter it. If the Prefident held his office independent
of the people, he might, if he thought proper, re
linquish part of his power, without being guilty of
a crime ; but, considered as the fervant of ihe peo
ple,entrufted by them with certain powers (of which
they alone are the judges) and folemnly fworn to
Support them, he mult, I think, betray his truft and
break his oath, ibould he knowingly give np a fin
gle iota of his power.' It is true, Congrefs claim a
light, from the Conititution, to interfere in ratify
ing treaties, or rather in breaking them ; but this
to me appears fo Weak and unfounded as to betray
the blaeknefs of therr deiigns. rl he Confutution
lias given to the Prefident, jby and with the advice
and conlent of the Senate, the whole and foie pow
er of making treaties, and alfo, to-prevent mifeon
itruction, has declared, that a treaty when made,
lhiill become the fupreme law of the land. Can
men of fenfe then pretend to lay, that Congrefs has
a right to make a law to difannnl this fupreme
law ? Can two laws exift together, and each be
fupreme i Can two men live in one family, and
each be fupreme head of that family at the lame
time ? But.it is (aid, the Conftitution gives toCon
grets the right of regulating commerce, naturaliza
tion, &cc. Commerce being almnft the only foun
dation for a treaty between nations not at war.it
follow!: of courfe, that the power delegated to Con
grels mult be in fubordination to the fupreme law.
vu. the treaty ; nor is this in the leaft unnatural
or contradictory ; are there not many things in
commerce, See. that cannot be comprehended in a
treaty ? or if in one, i#t in every one j this makes
a lubordinate power in Congrefs necefsary. Will
anyone pretend to fay, beeaufe the legifiative pow
*r (>l Congrefs is in fubordination to the Conltito
tion, they have nothing to do r Be not deceived ;
they know very well that the Prefident never will
comply with their demand ; it is one among many
other at .iul ichcmes to weaken the confidence op
the Citizens in rite fuprrYtte efrecurivfe, and conceal
their own intentions uetti they have dragged us in* |
to a deftructive war.
One would fuppofe that the rontracHctions, rri5f- ;
conftruitionSj and fa lie predictions of the party op- ;
poied to the treaty, are fiTHcient of tbernfclves 10 |
open the eyes of the obferviog and unprejudiced.
Truth is ever candrd and uniform, and not under
the necefsity of Ihifting ground continually, ol tie
nyiug facts one day, and the next (when fo plain j
that they can no longer be denied) distorting and l
endeavouring to draw fa lie inferences from thenr;
thel’e are the iubterfuges of fall hood, wherever
found j hence we find the multiplied changes in the
pubiKations of the party above-mentioned. When
the Frelidenrwifely and humanely proposed a nego
tiation inftead of immediate hoftilities, tlie objec
tion then was, “ it is in vain to try, the haugniy
Eiglilh will not have any propofals, or treat our
plenipotentiary *vith ednunon decency;” but the
event proving contrary, and’Mr.-Jay being - eceiv
ed with every mark of refpect in their power to
Ihew, they change their notes and cry, ** they will
flitter him out of his patriot jftn and fidelity ! Cer
tainly they mean ns no'good, or they would not
thus treat him 1 he dines with the king and nobili
ty ! and it i.> laid he begihs to Ihew fume fymprems
of diluffiection, tor he returns thefe marks of frier,d
Ihip with common -good manners 5 if he was a
triend to his country, he would not behave with
poliier.els to ary hodv iu England, but would in
iult and bully them into his own terms.” When
the Treaty wiicfrlt made public, the cry then was,
the trench will certainly guillotine us all for oar •
ing to make a treaty without their couleut but
that the trench’were never offended at this treaty,
is fufficieutly proved by their prefeuting the Piffi
dent of the United States with their national flag,
and by the friendly addrels tt accompanied it.
It was asserted mat our trade and commerce were
at a fiand, and thac the price of produce would im
mediately fall ,• but oti the contrary, it has been ri
ling ever lince, until the fatal moment when Con
gress laid their hands on the treaty. U is alio mid
that the Engl i Hr will not give un the Weftern polts,
but for this they have made every nectfsarv prepa
ration, atwl nothing but the prelent proceedings ot
C.ingreis ill prevent,its fc:ccunion. According to
ibele objectors, one day the Englitb made the
whole of the treaty themfelves, the next day it will
never be carried into effect, for they are as much
oppofed to it as we are ; then the'King has reiufed
to ratify it. One day England is unable to carry
on the war Vvith i ranee any longer, the next they
are bribing the whole world, forgetting tbatFrench
^|old will bribe as well as Englilh ; but 1 sm done
with ih*le trifiingand ridiculous tales ,• to take no- j
lice of them all, would-fill a volume ; the truth is,
feldom t'r/o of them told the fame tale, or one o
them the lame twice. ^
But there is one objection to the treaty of a more
ferious nature, which .1 fuppofc lias had greater in
fluence on feniible and good citizens, than all the
reft,- I mean with regard to the cap-ure and tin
prelsment o* Tailors * and here Jet me befpeak juur
candour j you know one tale is always good umi!
another is told ; the Englilii (remember) have none
to tell then ’s ; 10 prove that the treaty has been
mi frep relented in this cate alio, you need only re
fer to Mr. Livinglton's motion in Congrefs, for the
relief of our (earner), Where he al’serts, that no pro
vifion is made by the treaty for the fecurity of oar
lailors ; the lame afsertion is frequently made dur
ing the debate, witli how much truth the reader
may judge by conluiling the 19th article of fa id
treaty. With regard to the capture of leamen, the
troth of the cafe is this, our bottoms being neutral
in the war, and having a right to fail when they
pleafe, has enabled our merchants to give higher
wages for teamen than the Englith,Which together
with iheir law for imprelsing lailors, and a number
of other ciiomittances, has induced numbers of
their iaiiors to come over to us, snd many to defert
their fervice. As footi as thefe men arrive amongft
us, w*e call them citizens, although they really are
not until they have taken the oath of allegiance,
and complied with the other requifites j but even
then they are (uhjects to England according to
their laws ; and although we ought to protect all
who are citizens by our laws, while they are with
in our boundaries, yet I do not think, when they
go out of them, we ought to go to war on their ac
count, (I mean thole who are fubjects of England,
according to their laws) efpecially as it would make
the matter worfe. 1 acknowledge, that froin ihe
funilarity of complexion, language, &c. miltakes
may be made, but 1 never yet heard of one w ho had
a certificate of his cirizenlhip, being detained. If
all the imprefsments we read of in the newspapers
were true, is it nor ltrange that our commerce is
in luch a ftourifhing ftate?
There is another fet of objectors who are not
fo much oppofed to the terms of the treaty, as to
having any treaty with Britain at all. Aik one of
ihele venerable objectors, why ate you cloatbtd
from head to foot in Englilh and Irilh manufac
tures ? His anfwer would be, becaule they are the
cheapelt and beft that can be got. Go to the re
tailer and you will receive the lame anlwer ; go to
the importer, and he will tell you, that being free
and the lea open,he thinks himltlfat liberty to pro
cure fuch goods as he can make the mof’t profit by ;
that the Ergiilh goods anfwer his purpole beft, and
that he is not fuch an enemy to the Britifh as to in
jure himfelf to fpite them, efpecially the trading
parr of the nation,who were our friends through the
whole of the wrar ; that he does not find this ma
lice exilting foirtuch with the war-worn or invalid
veteran, as with thole who never fought nor nevir
wilt; that our trade with Engird is the WioTi so,
vanidg.’ous we have, though rot io muchiossfe
would have been, if there had been a treaty to re
gulate it ; that he cannot conceive that the Britilh
and irilh are luch morlters of nature as to forbid
all connection with them, even when to our own
advantage ■ that tlie Hnglifh have been the defen
ders ana iupporters of lioeriy, when it was driven
from every other country* and that we are defeend
ed it em them, and inherit Our fern intents of liberty
from them, though much improved by time, experi
ence, and our highlv favoured iifujtion.
[ Want of room unu'voidhbly obliges m to omit the remain
da') until Our next i
7i? the Inhabitants of bti r PH erd’s-Town.
GeniLtr.en,
\\J £ hope you will not he offended with us, be
V V cauie we did nr>t foOner exprefs our grati
tude to you tor the unmerited encomiums which
you lavished upon ns io your late addrels concern
ing tjie uiU-uuiioa u» a bemin.'.ry in your cown.—
When we take a reirolpecc of our conduct, w e are
obliged to confefs, that we cannot recollect a finale
inftance of our liberality ; and yet you are fo com
plaiiunt as to praife u:i lor it, which ou-pht indeed
to incite us to liberal donations ; for if we are
prailed when we do not delerve it, how much more
may we erpcct, when we do. We truft that your
addrefs to us, has made.us willing to help you, pro
vided we could underftand your requel't ; but we
are under the difagreeable neceffity of confeffin^
that we cannot lee from your laboured addrels,
what you want. You talk of your local advanta
ges 1 but when fpeaking to your own praife, mo
defty prevented you, (as it does all perfons of me
rit) frofo pointing our particularly what thefc were.
But notwkhltandmg your fuperior local advantages
(not to ufeyour repetition, “ rfhe local advantages
of your filtration/') your firfc fentence prefents us
with what betrays an ignorance of grammar, the
foundation of all languages, i. e. joining advantages,
a plural nominative, to is, a ffngular verb. You fay
that (> education'has ever been the diftinguilhed
characterifric of every civilized nation ;M—here we
areata lofs tc underftand what you mean; for
you will grant that characteriliics Ihould be drawn
from tiie majority ; but the majority, nay we fup
pofe the hundredth part of every nation have not a
libera! education, if therefore by education you
mean a liberal one, your doctrine is fa lie; and'vve
fupp*1eyoU oanuot mean good breeding and com
mon English education, becaufe you would nor need
our aid in a Rheme of this nature. And are we all
who have not a liberal education, to be confidered
as ignorant, infignifnant, yea worfe, favage be
ings ? Again you tell us, that “education is the
nond gi union betwixt rearon and religion, winch,
if irue, proves that all who have not a clafsical edu
cation are cU-l'titute of either reafdn or religion.
We cannot uncltrliand how “ education is ihe firm
baf:s ct our republican government,” for not one
third of our governor* have a liberal education,and
ytt undoubtedly ours is a republican government.
But we grant, that in proportion as knowledge a
bounds, lo will a iove of freedom, juftice and ffuiity,
and conftout n- i\ of a republican government,
where thele hklh.• i:r. afc found. O! ye lovers of
morality, lend ) ,.ur tons to She pherd’s-Towin, to
acquire an education, where the illulirio-Js mana
gers prornlle to keep them from everv vice ; and
this they may lately proeiiie, “ from the noted re
gularity of their place.** It is well known unto us,
that you have but icw vices, and thole too of an in
ferior kind, Inch as gaming, &c. alto that you have
very few difor'derly meetings, tnoifgh it is true,
there are lome companies who meet, at times, hir
diverfion; Inch as your beef-liake clubs, with kune
others equally innocent, too tedious to mention.—
Shepherd's-! ow n does indeed appear conipkuots
for its virtue, when we contrait it with Wiadie.iter,
Charlts-Tow o, and Hager's Town, and certainly a
mfffcti more fit place tor ail academy, than any of
thefe. You inform us, that “ often, to the forrow
of the parent, and the ruin of the child, has the lat
ter out-itripped the progrefs of the former —this
ientence we believe we lhall never underitand, un
til new-modtded ; becaule we cannot go ro the pre
ceding fenience for a fubltantive with which the ad
jective former may agree; this would be contrary
to grammar rules ,* neither can we find one in this
fentence, to tnake lenfe. for let it agree with furrow,
the fir It thing mentioned, then the fentence will
hand thus, “ often the ruin of the child hasout
It ripped the progrefs of the forrow of the parent."
Nonlenle 1 We are told that you have a houie and
two teachers lecured, and what more do you warn ?
We fuppofe your houie is large enough to contain
your fcholars, and two teachers lofficlent to infirm c
them. It therefore appears that your addrelsisa
burlefque upon us, end we would wlfh not to be
treated fo hereafter. But if you want any afsilt
ance from us, you will oblige i.s by making known
your requeft, and alfo the plan of your proceedings
in a language which we can comprehend. In the
mean time, we hope yon will not blame us for not
coming forward and afiilting }ou in a fcheme we do
not underftand. The PUBLIC.
April 12, *q6.
P. S. If any fhould object to the fignature, pnd
fay, the Public have not concerted in wrhirg this
piece, we anfwer, we follow the laudable txi inplc
of the inhabitants of Shepherd's-Town, the minori
ty tran/acting in the name of the majority; for we
are creditably informed that thegreatelt number of
the inhabitants of Shepherd’s-! own, and all the
principal characters(e& the face of the piece (hews)
were ignorant of the addrefs to os, until it appear
ed in print.