Norfolk gazette and publick ledger — Norfolk [Va.], 1810-10-15 00:00:00, page 2

THE PUBLl
LEDGER.
szs&aah
mmm
T9 »H*W .
:-rTJI TIIJ 461 A*® BODY i
TBB TIDES,
'*;■$;ws^iMc* in ®
MQHQAY EVEHtm, OCTOBER 15, 1810.
^Arirhrrd yesterday* tbs gcfaooaer Z*-bra, captain
lua. in IS days from St.Bartbolomews, and 25
fWJt Martinique. Capt. M. informs, that a misun*
^(||lt.att4ipg bad taken pla<t between tbs Judge{whn
'tommaods the troops) and tba militia, or phtbi
td^ts of/ the Island, which terminate^ ina refusal,
j. on the part of the latter, to obey him, and com*
psljing him to leave the Island, in consequence of
lirh, the Jodgej^s to.aail next day in tbe brig
ley, and for Salem. ^
, HFfow at Barbadi/s and St. Vincents, W dollars
per barrel { Martinique 24 dMps ; St. Bartholo
iheVrs 22 dollars. All vrssels arriving at St. Bar
tholomews, With flour in part of their cargoes, were
‘compelled to land it. v a , Tf
* The irriff fflKn, Barker dfi days from Cadiz
- bound to llnlmiorr,^l into Hampton Roads; by
this vcisil there is nothing new* The French had
renamed inactive for some time; Flour 13 dollars
per^arrei. Chen i)J#r« per bushel. ‘ .
;> *We understand (says me National Intelligencer, of
Wednesday) that Mr. Wm. Brown, t he late roller tor
kt Ns# Orleans, who bn-arne a pvbliek deiaultrr,
absenting himeelf from the country whilst be had
*•$»» pbkkessian large sums,of tbs publak money,
tn Our Frenchified editors, equally enemies to the
United State* and Great Britain, ynd at nit times
Franre.-are tickling them
•elves with * notion that we shull eery soon hehsp
pit)- plunged in a war with England. When Buona
parttf issued Ms Berlin'decree, though it violated in
the-most outrageous manner, our existing treaty
with the government of Prance, and «ur rights as
neutrals established by principles of universally ac
national law, yet it wag home without
the h-ast symplom of resentment ly our government
■•h'd governmental party, until after the British re
tahWted, whirls was not until a whole year had e
lapsed.' Th^n they were willing to consider Prabre
W* an offender; hoi the measures adopted were di
^te^ed 8')lrly q^inst Great-Britain: surh a* the etn
pcfybr kpoinwPJ and probably instigated.
/ifOW though Bonaparte has promised only to a
baapon his decrus oil the 1st November, on con
demns which be can lairlv interpret to m»an a pro
vision that Great-Urilain shall abandon some of her
undoubted rights, as a-belligerent, or bis repealing
decree, is to pass tor nothing, yet our said demo
cratic editors uk* the ground that Bonaparte has
•* magimnimouygyone -all that can ha required of
hijii, stud now flBiave nothing to do but fall, pell
Btfll, uii«n England dirertly,
jin expression in the Courier, a ministerial paper,
I* tailored, lo a declaration that the British govern
Idhfltcvill not give up their orders in council, should
the decrees of France a< tually cease to operate, on
the 1st M<fv>*mher. 'fbi- Courier says “as lo the
new principles of blockade, Gieat Britain hat adopt
*1 Rnne,,»hick she will be at «1| inclined to aban
d*n”
Now the quaslinn is, what are the principles
Great Britain has adopted ? and what is her prac
She in the first place claims and exercises the
fight of blockade, where she invests an enemy's
port with w«*h a naval force as to render entry nr
egress subject to extreme peril. This principle is
•gtablislo-d a national law, recognized by our trea
ties and synr|rvned by our practice and all other
imaritime powers. This she will nut be inclined to
give up V /
' . The principle of blockade, on which the orders in
council were founded, was,never claimed as an n6
«>lute Iota relative right :'the light of retaliating
nprtp heir enemy the measures he bad taken, end car
ried into effect. , The right she claims as perpetaal,
though it cun "nig he bpougkt into exercise ON THE
GROUND OF RETALIATION. She cannot
the principle; she will avail herself of it
*• &>on*part* d*«s not, in good faith, cause
the opefftion of his decrees toccata—and she will
tndintain the right of exercising the retaliating
principle upon him, at any time,’ that he make* the
precedent, and neutral* acquiescein bit aggressions.
This we conceive to be a fair Construction of the
doctrittir Grimt Britain holds; and we see nothing
in it that imports a, rontinwahea of the orders in
council, Should her enemy, iit fact, recede from his
ns^ined ground ; nothing in it that makes it nece*
^aaiytto abandon sny principle she ha* practised op
•n, though the ofder* in couurtl rease to operate,
'il'W'HwtjiMphi Berlin and Milan decree*.
i-4 -SW-.Y W ■ C Rtptrtoro.
* ft ft wpoMifcft to fiod the following, passage in
*" •*’ ">*«"« ^ J* factipn whieh long prevailed in
perceiving Jhow perfectly it ap
.-; r* leader* of a party in our own country,
’if* *ay* h*« to court the* favour nt the po
jmlace, they found it neceaaaty to complv With their
/tt#« sudftiHy ; and have ever, on nutnj occasion*,
Isy p^pagattng raluinniee, and by promoting vhi
Jeuce, served to infatuate,-at p«f| as corrupt that
people, to whom taft made a tender uf liberty and
. the election. > *
We' kept our paper open till a late hour, in order
to be able to ascertain the result oftbe city electi
on.’ A tone Vclot K tbit rooming the judges finish
•d cnnntiit* the'votes fof the Select Council, which
gave ah atf rage ihsjnrity Of 560 for fge Federal
caodidstes. Notts of the other tickets were count
ad when we came sway, hot it is certain that the
Eed^ral.tif ketksssMcreeded in the city generally, bv
upWmdt nf 600 majority.
W We hive not heard from any part of the county,
ffr^t Sojathwark. which has given pot.* Johnston
*m«jority fjpr sheriff.'
ti MtnMurtiv utp ttidrifT'' M r„_
fnt. Jmr.
-V 'r <•’ ‘-v.
-iM'V '?!
- piK»UMATa^5;V
Whig declaims w«k ago,: feat
;•: « n™* «ww*5» wren ago, enai the Ptesi
4t»i wunld aodoabtWt bis ftafliagticm join*.
. ' -'..if-- rh- .■* : > \ , -
•i ,;*V •
. a
** ■»
dmttlfv mmcMg 4M rttfeatiw «P tb« adieU of
France, and opening bar port* t» French vessels.—
-From tb^equivocsV terms ia whieb Cadore’s letter
lh» cptirhed, and the conditions prescribed, we were
clearly of opinion, had and desperate aa the men
who govern ne have proved thsnieelves, that Mr.
Madcap would pot dare to'take inch an important'
step, wpfoa tba hn|o( a communication which ear*
r'tee on it* fiiee tltftvidefcce of toms evil deaign, of
dereit^d of villainy. r,. .. •< *
ftwatny that the French decrees are repealed.—
E**n if the administration were willing so far to
degrade the country, and endanger her existence, as
to accede to the conditions annexed to the emperor's
proposition, yet no such construction can be pnt
upon Cadore’s letter. as to warrant any thing more
than a mere prdj||p)ation, hypothetically annulling
the restrictive measures against France. What gre
the words of Cadore's letter ?
* In this new state of things, I am authorised to
declare to you, sir, that the decreet of Berlin and
Milan are revoked* and that from the first of No
vember, they will cease to be in force, it being under
stood Jthat in consequent of this declaration, the
Kngllfb shall make their orders in council, and re
”0UWtfte new principle of blockade, which they have
attempted to establish; or that the United States,
conformably to the act which yoa have just com*
muairated, shall cause their rights to be respected bv
the English
We are told that the decrees of Berlin and Milan
are revoked, and yet they will not cease to be in
fotce until the 1st of November; and one of the
conditions is that upon the faith of this “declara
tion merely, the English forthwith shall revoke
their orders. Should England not revoke before
the 1st of November, then the arrangement and
me oecrees will not cease to be in force, and the U.
Mates will be held responsible for the omission of
England. But the Due de Cadort says, it being un
der timid that England shall revoke their orders, re
nounce the new principles of blockade, and the U.
States causing their rights tn be respected by the En
glish! Now we should like to understand how it
came to be understood, that such conditions would
he deemed admissible, either by England or the
American government. Was gen. Armstrong au
thorised to agree to surh an understanding, or did
he act of his own freewill? If the former, why all
argument nr doubt is removed, because our govern
ment has taken its ground; but if the latter, then
has Armstiong once more lent himself to tne base
s lews, the foul and perfidious purposes of the French
tyrant. lie has become the willing instrument in
the hands of the Due de Cadnre, to entrap the A
nierican merchants, tp dupe and insult his own go
vernment. But what of all is roost liirprisiug, is,
that Armstrong should come to any understanding,
not including the Bayonne and Rambouillet decrees,
more infamous if possible, than their forerunners.
This circumstanca evidently implies, that, either ac
cording to instructions ur of bis accord, our am
bassador has assented to the atrocious injustice suf
fered under these edicts, and is willing to renounce
the claim to retribution.
Taking all things into consideration, to anticipate
an immediate proclamation by the President, under
existing cirrnmstanres, is to pronounce a more so
lemn judgment against the American cabinet, than
that ot Cadnre, in which we are denounced as a nati
on without polity without honour,and without ener
gy. It is to anticipate base and cowardly submis
sion to a villain \ghn so lately abused, and cow flat
ters to destroy us. We are satisfied.lhat Mr. Ma
dison cannot reconcile it to his conscience, to his
duty, to his country and bis God, to become the
victim of French art and perfidy, by acceding to the
conditions understood brlween Mr. Armstrong and
the Ireneb minister, lie will not expose himself
to the scorn and hatred of every well affected Ame
rican citizen, by issuing the expected proclamation
upon the faith of Cadore's insolent and deceptive
communication.
It is alleged, that in as murh as he issned his pro
clamation upon the faith of Erskine’s arrangement,
he cannot avoid the same measure in the present
ease. But there is no substantial similarity in the
cases. Our government, in the latter case, was
tied down by no such dishonourable and inadmissi
ble conditions. True there was a private under
standing with Mr. Erskine, and secret oial promises
were made to him as an inducement to violate his
instructions, but that understanding and these pro
mises were broken, by opening the trade to Hol
land. Nor did England demand as a stipulation
that the United States should go to war with
France, if she did not abandon her maritime code
and repeal her deciees before the orders in council
ceased to be in force, the cases are not parallel,
and we are satisfied, that Mr. Madison,will so de
cide, unless as before mentioned. Gen. Armstrong’s
understanding with France was entered into in com
pliance with his instructions, A short time will
show what course government wil take. Meantime
it may be well to mention, that in Europe, the new
terms proposed to the .American government, are
considered as a scheme to ensnare our merchants.—
A gentleman just from England states, that the ar
rangement botched up with gen. Armstrong, is uni
versally laughed at, and by the wits is called the
■HIP trap. Poor America, from once possessing
the highest reputation for courage,dignity, and ho
nour.has become the butt of every nation. So much
for Jefferson, Philosophy, Gunboats, Salt-moun
tains, Embargoes, Proclamations, Northern-Confe
deracies, Freedom of the Seas, See. ice. See.
■f . [Federal Republican,
Alexandria, Oct. 11.
By capt. Dodge, from Lisbon, we are verbally in
formed that at the time of his sailing, the two ar
mies in Portugal were very near each other; but it
was veiy doubtful- whether an engagement would
take pines this season. If it should, the fate of
Portugal would be decided. The Portuguese and
English ware in good spirits. Provisions among
the French troops extremely scarce ; and desertions
tibt unfrsquent. It was reported that a. part of the
French bad left Cadis to join the army in Portugal.
Flour jgj6 25, wheo be left Lisbon,
[This venael is reported in Ilia Alexandria Marine
jj l'** the Uth October, to have bad 37 daye
. {- of coarse (be leftJLisbon the 3d of Sep
reports vessels arriving to the 28tfa
■ of August.} J; , * ; I
’tV
. Naw-Yohn, October 10. \
;V in tba brig Matilda, Ar
nold, froa^
^ pa^lbefoliowtag luformn
7
titt in writing mning of tT.e
Btb September,>tbt bilg Jahe,of N»s»-York, capt.
Sme»t, arrivedrat Lagoira from Calcutta. , On tbe
morning of tbe 7th, capt. ft. hoisted his colours, at
posual in n foreign port, viz. ensign, pendant, amf
1 At 8 O'clock a. M.capt.S. vtn|b^iAtirr,
and at about 10 a. h. a boat from hwlirrt&inuick
majestjf's brig Challenger, capt. Rider, (then lying
■f Lagu^j^ near the Jane) came alongside the Jane;
the officer of which ordered the mate of the Jane
to,haul down hit pendant; the mate replied that be
•hould not, having no ordera from hit captain to
that effect, who was then an shore. Tbe officer of
the boat then ordered one of bis men to haul down
tbe Jane’s pendant, which he did. About 12 o'clock
capt. S. with several other gentlemen, of which
capt. Brown was one, came on board the Jane;—
capt. S. asked bis mate why the pendant was haul
ed down, be informed him of what had happened,
and that he endeavored to prevent it. Capt. S.then
ordered the pendant hoisted again, which was done;
and in about half an hour tbe boat from the before
mentioned brig Challenger came alongside the Jane,
with three officers, four marines, and four sailors, all
completely armed; the Challenger having previous
ly three of her carriage guns loaded and levelled at
the Jane. The first officer of tbe boat, who we
supposed to be the first lieutenant, then ordered cap
tain S. to haul down his pendant; capt. S. laid he
should not do it, not considering himself under the
restrictions of a British man of war.—The officer
of the boat then ordered one of his men to haul the
Jane’s pendant down, which he and they did by
force of arms, and took it away with them. On
saving uie jane, uie oijjcer requested capt.
S. to go with him on board the Challenger, which
capt. S. did; and on gelling on board, capt. R. ask*
ed him by what authority he wore his pendant; cap
tain S. it) reply asked, by wjiat authority he hauled
it down. Capt. R. then ordered his officer to take
capt. S. under a guard on shore before the comman
dant of the place, which he did, aud with his ma
rines entered the gate, passed the guards, and ar
rived at the house of the commandant without mo
lestation. The gentlemen who had been on board
with capt. S. followed to ihe commandant’s, and on
a representation being made through the medium of
an interpreter, the commandant seemed dissatisiied
at what the British officer had done, and told the of
ficer that it would have been better to have came to
him in the first place, and then dismissed capt. S.
and when the officer had retired, capt. S was in
formed that he must not wear his pendant any more
in the port, as no mrrebant vessel would in future
be allowed to wear a pendant.
Capt. Arnold, confirms the above as stated to him
by capt. Smart—h»a also to observe in justice to
others, that three British vessels of war, viz. a
ship, brig, and schooner, had been at Laguira a few
weeks before, and did not notice several American
pendants that were hoisted frequently. Capt. A.
understood at Laguira that duties on imports and
exports were lessened one fourth in British bot
toms.
The Caraccas government have prohibited the
slave trade.—{Long's Gaz.
[Translated from a Hamburg paper of tie 25tk of
June, 1810.] .
“ Vienna, June 14.
“ Our celebrated physician de Carro, has by ma
ny trials, made the certain discovery, that the pre
served and dried scab of the kine pock, even after
several years, will reproduce the genuine kine pork,
and that in consequence the liquid fluid, which often
is difficult to b« obtained, may be entirely dispensed
with. The driad scab is pulverised, and a very lit
tle thereof put on the lancet, previously moistened
with spittle, and infused under the upper skin. The
obvious advantage thereof is, that the dried scab
can in this way- be conveyed in letter* to the roost
distant countries.”
Boston, Oct. 5.
The vast amount of the losses sustwjked by the
French armies in Spain end Portugal, may be tole
rably estimated by the following fact:
A gentleman lately returned from Paris, saw the
8th corps of the Frenrh army, (one of those grant
ed to Mussena to make up the 70,000 additional
troops required by that general, previous to bis ta-^
king the command of what is called by the French
the army of Portugal) pass in review before Bona
parte.
It passed in at one gate of the Thuilleries, where
Bonaparte was, and out at the opposite one. It
formed a complete army of 40,000 men, of which
10,000 were cavalry. There were two divisions of
infantry of 15,000 each, with all the adjuncts of a
train of artiller), pontoons, bread-waggons, and
those various troops of sappers, artizans, &c. in
variably attached to the French armies.
Bonaparte was so minute in his inspection, that
when a particular pontoon came up, drawn only by
4 horses, the rest, of 14 in all, being drawn by 6'
with led horses to each, be immediately halted the
corps, and asked tbe cause of this deficiency. He
was told that one horse had got lame, and that his
companion had been taken away with him. “Then,’’
said Bonaparte, “let the deficiency b«supplied from
the led horses; that is the use of them.”—This was
accordingly done, the march was resumed, till the
whole passed under the eye of the emperor.
Within two months, however, this corps, thongh
full and complete in every particular, had suffered so
much by want, fatigue, sickness, and desertion, in
the bare march into Spain, that in tbe first return
sent to tha war office at Paris from the frontiers of
Portugal, its effective strength was slated at only
31,000 men, making a deficiency of 9000; and
subsequently, when it manuvered between lord
Wellington's army and Ciudad Rodrigo, it was rat
ed only at 26,000.
Allowing a reasonablaptlnction for detachments,
&c. (though this being a fighting corps intended for
field service, it would of course be as little as possi
ble diminished in that way,) there would be a re
duction of a fall fourth from the original strength.
Allowing howewr.tbat the return of convalescents
aujr make up h considerable portion of this dtficien
ey, yet when we consider (bat this corps had left
Paris only three months before in a perfect state,
and had not (ought a battle, the instance presepts a*
Portion Of a mass of loss, not less astonishing than
Pfue. Tbe French soldiers do not hesitate to avow,
that they consider Spain as a grave; their march to
that country is looked apon by them as a procsssi
M to execution. ? '
m
• *:
' f7 v L
i:
*:**!.< i ■
^.Minority gtvmSimi^Um^tX appear. ibft
IW# CHtern pnpcrulist Cfi* electtunof New-Hamb*Y
•hire -airWged tijfr the ocglft.ordptcnorfSl
^ oftl»#p«t»Uiterof tebinon,?%,o Mat ‘
Jwta* of chat* town to Exefc-r •tnsteiftp&f Con^nr<<- *.
'and tb*y were kept back until after the
legal reintn into the secretary's office
Lebanon gave 152 federal votes and (>2 democrati<Cy:
Ifthesy had not been kept back, two1 federalists and
one democrat would have hern declared elef tad, and '
per* really chosen by the people. ' . > -i,'*'
, FROM PORTUGAL. ^ y i ^
The following letter is from 311 American gentle* *
man in Lisbon, to the editor of the Centfnel, and
contains information on which reliance may be
placed. .-v f^.v4
" Lttbon, Airgvit 17, 1810. ~ ;
“ * b*v* enough since my arrival here frorw
Boston, to discover how easily the vague and undi^'
gested stories that have reached America, have art*
sen. Altho’ upon the spot, it is not easy to form'll '
correct judgment of the actual state of things on?1
the frontier ; and many opinions are propagated by ■
folly, and others at the suggestion of groundlessdip
prehensions. It now appears to be the idea, that ,
an attack, especially an attack wilh an overwhelm-**
ing force, is not to be expectedly I was, I confess, •'
one who three weeks since yielded for a few days to *
the impression that aftefethe fall of Ciudad Rodriso.
thq trench were able end determined to make •
greet push into Portugal. Indeed, in the eyes of 4 '
mariner, their strenuous attack on that place could '
only appear to be preparatory to such an attack, for "
which we should have thought they had considered
themselves competent, having a sufficient body of1
troops to keep down the Spaniards in their.Year, and
send op provisions.* For if they were not able to *
followup their success by advancing, of what usoK;
was it wasting troops and time which might have ?
been better employed. What is the fact? Rodrigo
surrendered the 10th July, and after its fall somauf
the French advanced, it is true, to the C«a, sum
moned Almeida, and some of their advanced corps
penetrated to Pinhel. Rot so small has been tha
force which has been put forward, that the eofnmu
nication between the British head-quarters and Al- ?
meida remained open. In short, they appear to
have retreated, as the great body of their army weft
at the last accounts, between the Coa and Aqueda, a f
distance of 45 oi 60 miles from lord Wellington.—
Why has not Massena advanced and driven the Leo- t
pards into the sea, as ins master promised should tip'*
done long ago ? He has, or the French generals lie; t
a great superiority of fotce, then why not advance •*
to the crisis—or^t least, why hesitate, or retreat.
Perhaps his inffios or retreat may be ascribed to
two ciirumstances. First, a Scarcity of bread}
and in consequence of that scarcity, a sick list 'M
23.000 men ; and secondly, the constant deserkfe*' -
of every German, Italian and Pnrtuguesfc(andiaqfc^ 'i.
times Frenchmen) who can escape. This has arisen i
to so great a height,and the wretched mode in whirir ’
tbe French army are paid, and the regularity with
which the British and Portuguese troops are paidr
makes it dangerous for Massena to place Germans
or Italians near the lines. The troops in the ser- J
vice of Napoleon get little or no pay until their re
turn ; and if they fall or die, no account is rendered '
to their surviving friends. The diffidence Is known
and its effect easily conceived, when it is told, that s
once a month a convoy goes op to the army with
hard dollars to pay it. It iteven reported, that menu
of Massena’s army have tetrogaded to Salamanca.
Besides the above causes, tbedisturbanres in Madrid'
may have bad some effect on the operations qf tbs
French. There is another circumstance whirh will'
at least retard tbe conquest of Portugal. The sys
tem so often adopted by the French, will be adopted,
by the allied army—that of destruction before- de
parture. Thus when the French advanced to Pinhel,
they found empty houses and no bread. 1 **
There is an additional ground of hope, that this. *
conquest is remote, in the state of the Portuguese
army. By March, neift year, there will he full
100.000 Portuguese in arms, well drilled, and capa
ble of field service; that is to say, 40 to 50,000 is
addition to those already under lord Wellington, Sf*
far they have done wtll; and I cannot see why tbeyr
should not make as good troops as any militia can.
On the’ first attack they were indeed a little confus
ed ; buf they have since taught their enemies to rd-'1
ipert them. Tbeir officer* also evimee a degree
skill that proves them to be capable and intelligent.
The other day one of their regiments was ordered 4p
surround a vjUage in which there were some French
dragoons. The Portuguese officer bad three la one-r
of his enemy, bat he did not, in consequence, rush;
pell me! to the attack, thereby losing mora aim
than was necessary; he proceeded like an expert^
enced officer, and effected tbe alrmljl total destruc
tion of the enemy with vsry trivial lSs* on hit side *
Attgqst 18, 1810.
“ Finding a vessel about to sail for Boston, t re
sume my narrative of event* relating to Portugal.-**
By a recent arrival from Rio Janeiro, the Prinrere-^j
gent has appointed Mr. Stuart, the British minuter:
here, to be one of the regency. His duties, hove- ;
ver, as minister, have induced him to dec lilt** seat
at the board of regency. His letter on thesqbjert
you will find in the papers I have sent to fotTfU
Should anotbWmimter be appointed, and
take his seat, the British will have two mrt Of five
in the council. Marshal Beresford is at the head of
the Portuguese army, and Admiral Berkeley is com*'
mander in chief of the Portuguese navy, and the ar
senals. These appointments have been the free will
offerings of the prince regent in Bia2il. In addition
to which, it is apparent, that the great mass of tha
^people are satisfied with the appointments, tbougit
somwnf the office-holders and office seekers f&l a
littR unpleasant on the occasion, . But thisvM n**
tural. '
“ Reliance may be placed on the articles ^'-tBot
Lisbon papers, as I have understood it*ir the deier
mination of those who conduct them, to give “ tha
real state of things from time to time. This aagursf'
well of what is thonght to be their real situation-*
** In the gazette extra of this roorning you will
find an official confirmation of the spirit of deserts*,
on in the French army. Four hundred Swiss havn't
Mid down tbeir artiis. ' General Beiesford’s des
patch will explain it. , It is reported, that the
French have been defeated at CatalaoM; but, they
are mere reports.' ' V '.-"f-' '■»; -J
, “ Letters front a general officer were yesterday
'received here, expressing his opinion that Afie jinny
would be soonaclivtly engaged.Bet it fa. be
greed on all hande, that lord \V. baa no associate
*ho ran worm oat of bira any thing which the good,