The enquirer — Richmond, Va., 1810-01-23 00:00:00, page 3

>eur 13.594.000
of
Amount of domestic articles
exported from the United
States to Europe in 1304 £ 41,470,000
Foreign articles exported ouUic
year 36 230 COO
Total exports for 1304 7( 700,000
Of our domestic articles in the
year 1802, G. Britain lecci
ved in amount £ 19 014,913
Foreign articles 4,910,14b’
Amount total tor 1802 recei-") no. * ,
ved by G. Britain 3 23 92o,091
In 1803, she received of domes
; tic articles S 23 597 903
f Foreign 1.771,170
Total for 1803 25 369,073
In 1804, she received domestic
articles S 19 346 517
Foreign 2.433,285
Total lor 1804 21,829.802
Deducting the amounts of exports, both
domestic ai. I foreign, which G. Britain re
ceives ot the u. States, Irom the amount
total of exports, made to Europe, we shall
find the balance in favor ot the Continent as
follows:
For tlf's year 1802 g 48,02* 909
1«C3 30.359 927
1SC4 55.870.118
So that if a trade had been carried on with
Great Britain ami that wun ih- continent
had been relinquished for the tnree years
mentioned, wt should have sus a-icd tiie
enormous lo.-s of profit, arising on the ex
ports of g 134,229 954 '1 his at ten per
cent, would amount to very little less than
S 14,000 000; nearly .5,000,000 per annum.
It might also be further remarked, that ma
ny shipments made to English pons do not
remain in Great Britain, they are frequent
ly consigned to a market on the comment,
the arrangement being ati accomodation to
the convenience of commerce. This would
considerably lessen the amount of Bi itisli
commerce with the United States—ait our
exports to the couli&ent icinain and are con
sumed there.
Independent of the amount, we may try '
this question in another way—we furnish
England with raw materials, necessary to
her existence—she returns to us those m:ue
riuls manufactured ; thus she derives a con
siderable profit on her industry, amounting
to a balance of £14 000.000 annually agamsi
the United Slates, accoidiug to the most fa
vorahle calculations. We might otn'selves.
if we pursued a proper system, sive all this
to the state, and thus should we be more
happy and independent. I’liere are two
ways of effecting this gent purpose—1st. j
Either by our abandoning such articles a» I
are not ncccrs&rv tocoiiiforts <»i t,i\ tits* <11
life, of which tl ere are many, and 2d!y, b) ]
an application of the industry of.our fellow i
citizens to such raw materials as are usual
ly Shipped to England. To this last, 1 should
give the preference, hi u we must one d.*y
or other resort tou, il we wish to retain pur
national sovereignty. All wintcis and all
nations, consider a system of national indus- I
try, properly directed, as the true source of
nation;.* wealth and power. In proportion
as we are industrious, so are we happy._
Man, naturally prone t» idleness, is too apt
to indulge, and thus to fail into an apathy,
ill becoming bis nature—by rousing our na
tional spirits and exercising our industry
at home, we shall be led to on investigati
on ot our internal resources, the extent of
which we arc as yet unacquainted with_
the importance of which cun only be deduced ]
by the utility and extensive application made I
ot sue It us arc already known—a single art;-1
ole trimi ibese states has been known to1
confirm the reputation ant* fortune of indivi- |
duals ol the I’n.ish nation — nay, tliev have
been deemed objects worthy the attention of]
tbe Parliament. Situated as we are, 1 ain'l
nslonidied when I hear it so frequently re
verberated Iroin the walls of the Capitol,
tl..n our treasury it, exhausted, and that Ihe
nation must suffer a natural death for the
w ant ot resources. Providence has been I
b mini till, ii giving us an over proportion of
the most valuable articles which nature cant
furnish t . man, to supply his nereasities and !
to detetid liimscll in <tines of danger. VVc ,
have been negligent of them, whil-n. Europe
uns dispatch persons to investigate the regi-'
"l '’"'in AHWHca-ouv immense Sure*.* ,
vutl furnis!* timber lor ship building and e ,
very ether purpose—nur iron mines are inex 1
bans i!>ie, tk according to an intelligent wruer ]
iron mines secrti to be put into men’s lianas
ns the instruments of their ov;n independ
ence" our beds f t mineral coal sire not •. rt
$n!ii. iently traccil, amt coal tins been em
phatically termed, - the soul and mainspring
t f British wealth " It would be an endless
t-*sk to recount v-iat we lutve—aye, as .von
lell nv’, what us- • .1 proda^.mi.s we have not, j
Our population is already c.ir.-iderable, i
end the genius di?Tm>< d through it se nds mi ;
rivalled bv foreign competitors. 1 be tme;
s p** *t, *of liberty, foil.’di d op* n wisdom unit
principles of sound policy, wili lead the per
secuted to come to us from abroad, and the
ro!diu ss and oqu 'i»y of our laws will con
firru-tfiern in the just righ's of men, by sc
t tiring to them every blessingwiiic.il civil ii
berfy and the nppbr :rion of their industry
trio ftiMiisIt. I'ni ; subject is incj.haustib'.c ;
tf> the naiion it is -all important. ] was led
■.stray by the nmi'nitude oi the r>bject, and j
a.-k of you pardon tor this aberration. Upon j
•be internal re-onrees are based the glory,)
•the liaopini ss, the prosperity, and above *
nil, the independence of my country. This j
is tny apologv for life ^digression. I shall !
fee against the bill. It was my intention to j
h<. v e taken a minute view of Hie tend nr,y of
each of the Sections of this bill. This, 1
concluded, was unnecessary, asiumvoplni
en its provisions, under existing r,i> cumslau.
res, cannot he rained into operation. — |
i iterufore. I have directed sny attention to
the genera^principle, upon which it iaffuind
e«i; and this cannot bo put info i. ictire ;
,wiiy then, shall we pass a bill, which can
not Dt Carried into operation f ■
" • ■ ■ ■ ■■
New Y’okk. Jan. 6.
On Saturday arrived at this p..rt, the ship ,
Whampoa. J). kov*-n. and Cnmilia, Imtu
rf>ni ( ndia, the former having I *ft that p >rt
" i tbc 0 of December, and captain Dokn
n lb's p ‘i*e .v I i mailed the editor «.f me
■v*r r< rutile Adverfbrr with the following I
»» - intclhy nee : \-7. i hat. H battle was)
•» ^iu ..i *.* .’.JanCba, CHivi.aa about
kr-i» ■» .
I
' • '9 ~
I ..
the middle of November, between rt Spanish
army ot 50.UC . men, and Ne\'o Division con
sisting of from 13 to 30.000; "that on the ap
proach of the French army, 10.300 of the
Spaniards threw down their arms, • ithmit
firing a gun; antUliat the remainder retreat
ed, and were completely dispersed tor 3
days; when they ag tin..mustered to the u
ninunt of freni 35 to 4J.OOO men.
An executive government had been form
ed at Seville, Consisting of 6 members ; of
which the B>*hnp of Laodicea was appoint
ed the President. The Central Junta still
existed.
A Decree had been pa-setl by the Spanish
government for augmenting their army to
250 or 300 000 men.
A passenger in the Whampoa who was
at Gibraltar on the 1st of December, informs
os, that an arinv of ^090 men was moment
ly expected at Gibraltar from Lisbon, to
t ike possession of Ceuta, the Islands of Mi
norca and Majorca, and ivica; and that it
was understood, the Members of the Span
ish Junta would remove to Centa, in case the
Fiem h army should cause them to retire.—
No intelligence had reached Cadiz of tile
burning of Madrid.
It was known at Gibraltar on the first of
December, that a part of the Toulon fleet
had returned into port.
The best informed persons in Cadiz think
that Spain must soon, fall, as she lias not now
any troops she can depend upon, and that
the English are much dissatisfied with the
Spanish government; so that little can be
expected from them.
We learn from an intelligent passenger in
the Camilla, from Cadiz, that Geiona had
at last fallen to the l'rtnch, after having
undergone It siege in which the inhabitants
experienced unparalleled deprivation, and
astonishing fortitude and courage, not equal
led by Sarragossa or any nth r place. *
It was reported, that the* Marquis Rama
na had gone to take charge of the defeated
Spanish army of 40 000 men, with whom it
v.as hoped he would stop tiie progress of the
Fiencli.
There was a report at Cadiz, which entr
by the way of Gibraltar, and which v. _s
thought verv probable, that Bonaparte had
ordered So 000 of his troops from Italy into
Spain.
The French had been successful in the
province of Catalonia; and it was expected
they would be aVe to possess themselves of
the province of Valencia, ?.> they »ver«: yet
ting possession ot the different ports on the
Commodore Purvis was still in the Atlas,
at L aii.a — len sail ot the line w ere expect
ed, and ten more would be off that station,
to act as occasion may require; and who
will nodoubt, prevent the Spaniards giving
upC'dia. Another great object is in taking
care of the Spanish and French fleet- laying
th< rc, in Case tile i‘ reuch sliould be success
ful.
1 -is passes of thr.^Sierra IMorena are now
the oniy harrier tothe French, jet they are
stiong, and nuy be held with a lew faithful
troops.
Tiiete were in port, aboift 4j sail of A
lKcrican vessels, which, generally, had to
store their cargoes, the nu-.rkrts being very
dull. Vessels carrying out cotton, are sub
ject to a quarantine of 4.0 it i\'s, as wcil as
these whose bills of health are not certified
by the Spanish Consul, the conduct of the
Health officer wu< s,n various, that it was
impossible to give a rule, as almost every day
brought out some new order.
Extract of a letter from a merchant at
Hamburg, dated l*th November, 18C9 —
received /:cr schooner . i outuc/s, cu/tt.
Chase.
“ In consequence of an Imperial Decree,
received here a few days since, dated Fon’
tainhicau, 29th October, salts of colonial
produce are entirely at an end—formerly
alter produce had found its wav into this
place, tiie trench authorities under the sup
position that it haddieen imported here p-. e
\ ion ■>, to the j'car lob/, gave passports, with
wl i :h the property was carried into the in
terior, and as the a passports are now no
longer cir *iny use, I fearsales will go cu"slow**
ly, even at very reduced ju-ices, for although
the goods may eventually Audit vent, it will
1 e attended with mucl greater expence and
trouble ttiaii formerly.”
J'X EjXCH HE CUEEi
fax tract if a letter from 'Panning cnt dated
November 17.
.vuise my <ii lira! here, accounts have been
ieceiv.nl of another dec ree of the Emperor
elated I\»i is, October 55'b, prohibitin'- the
importation and exportation of all articles of
ter e.gv gro'.vth to & from Hamburg ; which
lr.i.s had a very - eitsilMe effn-t upon the mar
hots, made void contra# s and put u stop to
all sales. Before this ail articles were for
warded to Ahona from this port ; theusmog
gied into Hamburg; from thence they were
allow ed to be lively exported.”
(COPY.)
Naples, Nov. 12.
Messrs. Min' nr n and Champ tin %
Oj’.wTLtaKN — '.Ve i*a.'l t!ic pier*sure to
address you o r advices in August i. ,t, per
V . Lit.vsjp^* which no dii c':t conveyance
haj l;.i now, ufl'ctf;! for site U States. Our
most es -•ii tin I rommnnii ttion ntthpt time
was resolve of his Neapolitan majesty, da
ted 1st July, I>y whic!'. he granted flee ad
mission miio the poi % of his king.iom, to all
American vtssvN w liich should arri.e win.
tii.cci clear;.nets, wi h certificates of the ori
gin of .heir chij. 1 which should not
be found to ce.ne under the JJcrlm and Mi
lan decrees <J the ErencA Emperor. We
hinted toym at the same time, that we were
nppreiiuiMx c, that notwithst;. uling this re
solution, the sitii.vi&n of this port would l»"
more or !«•*•* affected by the course of the
"" ■ t the 1 atg. 8c France,
ar.d we art now s >rrjr to inform you, that
these our apprehensions arc no . Verified,
bince the departure oi the J >anua, we have
ha.I here the following American vessels:
bclir. H .i.tiiii hi, Brown, from Tunis, witli
Java coflee and sugar ; ship Hercules, '.Vest,
t' oni Salem, with an assorted cargo of colo’
m«l produce; ship Augusta, Moore, from
Baltimore wi,?i cocoa .id a little Coffee :
sciir Zep'iyr, Murpuv, iSi brig Sophia, Car
tioui, tin n > unis, w it it assorted cat go's.
Jhese vessels presented on tueir arrival
their pap in, met wi. i iioi jst.'ic -to their
unloading, and were proceeding in security
in he tr .a ictiVni of their business under I
xmuctiori ,f the (three resolution of his d fu I
truly, wtit11 unexpectedly a cmumunic ttion
w.n, received from jovennnsnt at the cus a I
I louse to admit their nrc e-, but not to Miff r 1
the it to1".' expedited 1 fi.ii ilidics ii.| flirt n i# j
rtlwrs, puttih f •them ifill* niftier prox . -
*1 scyural ru'ios.
Ail p.»'si:*i;. reclamations havir— since I
>ec»i made, ua. .i .• ;!< >L 1
M
the persons in r.flce, u decisive answer
jor Assurance as to the real situation of thrse
^cargoes, except that applications to re ex
port them have been attempted to clear out
|ihe vessels either iu ballast or with return
cargos, which iutter would in all probability
iiavebcea permitted the government wishing
! ■“ facilitate tne exportation uf the produce nt
the country But it appears the supercargo
id the A.gusta (Mr. Ilammctt, whoh.vs been
appointed to tins consulate,) lias in the mean
time co’ne forward and given bond tar the
value of die vessel, whereby i:e has obtain
cd at length a partial permission fur lier to
sail. —
The government now desires to know,
w.iat other vessel • wish to depart on the
same terms, to which none of the other su t
pcrcargoes are as vet disposed »•> subject
hemseives 1 his is the preseut situation of
our port, as it regards your commerce.
What the ve.Milt may eventually be, it is im
| possible to tore tel. In all probability i: will
| de/iend chirjlu on what uour government
wll arrange with France. To judge from
■the official letter of M de t'hampagny to
I General Armstrong, in date of the 22d Au
gust, (to which more than usual publicity
| has been given,) it would appear, that the
Emfieror wishes to extractfrom the United
hi ales, an active fiart towards the carrying
into effect his system against F.nglund.
Yourg vtrnmcnt will of course pursue that
path which accords with the honor and in
terest of tiie country. In the mean time it
seems that judgement on tlse many American
prizes which have been brought into the
ports, subject to Trench influence, ha* been
postponed, and in fact the brig Caroline and
seb’r. Shadow, which we mentioned to you
in our last, are still waiting their Lite.
“ BAudkaix, August 5
1 hey write fr.-m Paris, Inst it h^s been in
tirnalnlto lien. Annuli ang, that Frmct will no
filler Into any arrangements with America, until
England consents to rescind her Orders in Coun
cil, establishing a general blockade—and gives
> p the right ol rest, ictiilg neutrals. J leave it to
your judgment to determine the epoch we may
I easoiiahlv expect a final rec.oiici iatioii.'*
Baltimore, Jan. 1C.
Extracts from I*emburgh \ and A Ilona fia
/icrs loaned us by a mercantile friend.
FROM THE ALTpSA MERCURY.
Prague, Nov. 3—Oar Emperor Las is
sued the following proclamation:
'* ljiave brought the war to a close, to give
the blessings of repose to my people, and not
to exp ‘se their welfare any longer to tile
incertitude ot accidents. They have shewn
their fidelity and real attachments in all
dangers, and thereby have strengthened the
lies by which a prit.ee is bound to his people.1
l acknowledge my army, whose utchieNe j
meins I shall always remember with heart I
felt emotion, as the support of my throne and j
asu sale guard for w.e future happiness of I
my subjects. In the last three bloody battles |
it has won the esteem and admiration of the ;
world. The numberless tokens of an invio-,
lable fidelity and attachment to my person j
have procured it n:y highest enoiniuni and i
esteem, they are the best surety of my gra- !
tirude. V
Its welfare, will in future be mv utmost
jearc: to remunerate the merits if every1
single individual agreeable to the wishes of
my heart is as yet impossible.”
[Mere follow advancements in the army, ;
distribution of crosses—the otder of Maria j
Tb. resa and silver medals, &ce.]
(Signed) luANCIS.
5:4th October, 180$.
^ arsaw, 2d Nov.—Prince Poniatowski, >
| General in chief of the Polish anr.v^ has
been presented by Napoleon with a Sabre,
on one side aie tne Initials c*F the emperor
and on the otucr a large star of the legion of
; honor.
An article from V.«nn»., of the l«=t No
vember, says-• The Empress is on the
recovery.’
Toi Pope continues at Savona.
v i en ka, November 1.—The. Austrian offi -
j cers who have returned from France since
I the peace, speak highly of the goo i treat
rnent they received in Chalons, Macon, 5cc.
Major-General Branch), is appointed field
' Marshal.
I Gen. Narbonne, the governor of llaab, it
j is said, is appointed Minister Plenipotentiary I
I to tbe court of Francis.
I ^ New York, Jan. 12—13. j
I Federal Governor—A general end very
| numerous meeting of the citizens of Albany j
.on the 5ih inst. for the pmp.>st of aomum- :
i ving a candidate tor the office of governor of I
! this state, at the ensuing, general election. !
At this meeting JONAS PLATT, esq. of O- i
ueidi county, was proposed, and recoin men-1
| ded to he supported at the eiis ling election, ■
: for governor of the state of New York.
Yesterday morning Commodore Rogers '
left the Constitution for Washington,0 on !
which occasion the frigate fired a salute.
Capt. Chauncey, and other gendemen of |
the Navy, preceded th.e commodore. It
seems that r.ll the leading officers of the Na
vy have heeu ordered to the Seat of govern- j
• ment, where, it is said, a plan is to he nr- '
J ranged for the enforcement of measures a-1
j bout tube adopted by government.
(€ i)t <2iimixzz.
Ji
RICHMOND, JANUAKY23, 1810.
-lull THE Q VIE BE.
Nopart of our civil polity has so often ex
po ienced change anti alteration as the Judi
cmry system, and impart of that system so
•nut'-li i..i the Court of Appeals. It is proha
nl;; that we have not yet done with change/,
l and though 1 am noli tend to a restless spirit
I ol Innovation — i do not indeed think we have
ai rivfed at the poii> at which it is prudent
to stop. The last la v which reduced the
num..»or of the Judge s from live to three, luu
long sitica app rared to rno a ch mge for the
worse, and, it lain not niismtormed, s me
cl tlu most zealous advocates for l!i.,‘ mca
snic now scriou.ly regret the success of
their endeavors—So short-sighted are hit
man politicians, and s.. uncertain are all
schemes of human policy, until they tiie
lc ted by experi..nce !
It would he a waste eftirne to prove w|iat
is s > universally acknowledged t-s the value
m*d importance cl an upright, enlightened
.utlicmry. It this true, unit respects the
ordinary administration f t justice, between
ni ru and nun . it is more emphatically so,
vviieu applied to tin; Court of last resort:_
*.i,c,r decisions art* net only conclusively
binding Iv.-twceu the parlies, but they settle
tue i t'v in all future an tlcg »us cases.
W.ivn viewed in this iigut .>/ deciding
,uwv,m;u a‘4«ling the rights a,al properties
•
af a fnillirm of people, winch decisions ran
l>e changed by nothing short of concurrent
majorities of bo;*, houses of the Legislature,
every one must admit the high qualifications
which should distinguish the judges of the
Court of Appeals. It is evident they should
oosjvss strong and clear understandings, be
deeply versed i:i the Fcience of lav.*, pa’imt
and diligent in their inve tig ition , cool and
impartial in their decisions.
Lor is it enough that the Judges should
th'is* deserve the public confidence; they
should also obtain it. It is, perhaps, of more
importance that their decisions should be j
deemed wise aud just, than that they should ‘
really be so, as the public peace is an object j
nf more dignity and value than strict private !
justice. I say strict private justice, because \
injustice to an individual must
ways be incompatible with public approba •
tion—There are several considerr.rions why. !
under tits present constitution of the Coun ,
tif Appeals, it is likely to want th** general *
confidence. There is a radical delect in the
smallness of ‘he uuniuer. By the list l .w
on i lie subject, two Judges constitute a Court,
and are in every case a majority. These
two judges *'un, have the power of «•we r- I
sing the decisions, p..t only of a circuit judge. '
hot even of the General Court, consisting at '
present of fourteen members. If one of i’ e '
Judges oljthe Court of Appeal- ■should differ
from his associates and concur with the judg
es below ; in this case, as ths opposite opin
ions of two of the former C'Hirt, may l._- colt
s-dyi ed to be!i«*> e each other : the opinion
of a single Jo Ige :n iy be said to outweigh
tlmt of the v. hole General Court.
In appends from the Chrncery Courts on
points in which the litre** Chancellors may
have concurred ; but the appellate .court is
in like mariner divided . the Judge who turns I
he balance-may have been t;;k"*n from the
General Court, end have been fur years lit
tie conversant with the rules ;nd principles
which govern courts of equity
Will not such an exercise of their power,
in a case of much public interest, be likely
to.excite groat discontents? The people
w:U not see a superiority of talents or know
ledge sufficient to counterbalance the great
disparity of numbers—’/~ey will take side*:,
s'vne with the dozen judges belo.tr. and some
with the two judges above. Illiberal men !
win question the qualifications of those from
whom they diff-r, and even their motives— j
wl> . re these consequences do not follow,clouds '
of d iubt and uucei .aiatv, thus cart over sub j
jects on which such high tribunal*, have tie- !
cided so oppositely, will naturally- weaken
men’s respect for legal justice and the insti
tutions which administer it,
r I*vt us suppose a decision of tiie General
Court to have been affirmed liv a majority of
tiie Court of Appeals ; and that a judge of
the former court, who had disscn.rthfrom
h;s brethren below on the same question, is
promoted to fill the place of one ci the mein
bers of the court of appeals who composed
that majority. Mere then that !.-is been de
clared to be law, which a majority of the
high*-.t tribunal think is not law—and tho’
such an event may not always tempt indi
viduals to endeavor a reconsideration t f the
question ; it tends to cherish the vulgar pre
judice of the uncertainty of legal principles,
and the judge himself may be induced, if
nut directly to depart from a solemn deci
sion, to favor principles more conformable
to h:s fornmr opinion--, and thus virtually do- j
stroy that congruity and uniformity of drc'i- |
sion fur which the'court is chiefly establish
ed
These considerations are entitled to gran
ter weight,when it is recollected, that as me
r.tism.t tho only passport to favor, men may
often tie advanced m the ber.ch of tiie court
of app'-.-iis neither superior, nor believed to
be superior, to the judges of the genera! court
or courts of ch ncery.
J will admit that the cases I have suppo
sed are not of frequent recurrence; but they
will certainly sometimes take place. Dif
ferent men possessed of equal degrees of in
telligf*nce will form different opinions on the
same controverted point, and ci fortiori if
tlu.ir intelligvnce and capacity are ur.equa.
-—nor do ] pi «f tend to assert that an increase
!n t;,e 1 -msber of judges would completely
prevent the «*\i!s of which I complain. I
knnv- that, partaking of the imperfection
incident to every thing human, any organi
zatiooof the court would admit them in n
greater or lesr. degree. 1 .,nly contend that
•hey would be diminished iiy proportion to
an increase of numbers.
mere are outer onjections to t.ie small
ness of the number, which these who arc
more given ,o observe, than to speculate, may
not deem improbable or too refined.
\\ here such great power is placed in so
few hands, in a government like ours, the
Judges will he too much influenced by the
popular sentiment. I presume that the most
enthusiastic advocate for dependence of the
executive and legislative powers on ike peo
pie, wiil admittn.it the judiciary should be
influenced by no considerations on earth, but
those of justice and reason. Any other would
S'vc os rules as variable as the wind, and
convert the triounals <>t justice uitu engines
ot faction anti oppression.
/.g-un, where the number is so email, the
occasional misunderstandings among the
Judges, are likely to have greater influence
on their conduct, and such influence is pro
portionally pei nicmus. I lie larger the num
bci, tiie less is the efleet of the ambition,
ili humor or caprice or any one member, and
on tiii., account the less will they be incite/;
There is many a brawler in a village, ,-/>/)
behaves very quietly and decently in a W'e
city. 1 forbear to dilate 0.1 this toi).,c> be
cause the present stab* of the Cnur, of A o.
peals, renders it a subject of peculiar tit-11
cary, and at the same time affords a good
illustration of the mischiefs I 'deprecate.
There are moreover, certain favorite o '
pinions and maxims, peculi ar to every man ;
.iio whenever a question arise*, on which
these have any bearing, tiiev produce an
undue bias on his j lament. No / as a man
may ride h»s hobby horse on the bench, as
will as any w’me else, there should be a
sufficient mi riber to do busine.ss with out him.
" rom this i'.ifn inity the wisest are not free,
•uid least of all are the most amiable and
honest, ft indeed not seldom arises from
nothing more than a virtuous sentiment car
nca to excess. Tlie late ivlr. Wythe, who
r,lu all the honesty of Cato without his pride
•i austerity, and whose character 1 \no,
devoutly revere, was thought to have a strong
bearing against the commonwealth, and in
favor of widows and orphans, so that lie was
apt to do something more than strict justice
'.<> c aiMinute against one, Sc something less to !
claimants against theothtr. Nor do I doubt
.hat the discerning eyes of the Richmond
bar, could readily point out the particular
principles O: doctrines, which have several
'y '’** 'ined the ascrodunt i ver every Judge
who has set up,n the bench. Where a num
Lier jointly deliberate, the pecuiiariii jsnf o
pinion or sciiiinieuti proper to each ja«*u
her, will probably be c<viiite,-*’c‘?d bv tne
less biassed judgment* of the test. And uu
this account, more than any o^hrc, it is true,
th'd “ in a multitude there is wisdom.**
* com all which iyuisidcriitintis I do
anxiously hope, tiwtT.e present legislature
will increase the nutnbrr ot Judges in ihe
Court ot Appeals to liter original number.
I nis addition will make thorn loss likel** • ,
L»e influenced by local or teir.inr.n v motives
itrcxptamimj the law and ad.iduMtering jus
tice— will r.pretts peculiarities both of hu
mor and opinion, cr render tl eta Ivssini'i
i-i-jiis to the public i tercet s-and. Iiy adding
the weight ef numtrers to that of talents and
[>uwer, wilUgive the Court of last resort, .1
respectability move adequate to tne high
functions it exercises.
?r.NN.
tppn the 19:!|, Mr "unveil laid the
Rd.owing re ..iluliou i>elo:o titc I. -Use of Repre
:ei'fativv}< :
Resolved, That th*» President i f the United
Stale*, ho authorised immediately to employ the
public armed vests :rs!; .>1 the United States to con*
* \v ar:fi protect tV* slr.ps ai’d vessels, tlie pro
[W'r^y ot ritizons ol tin* 1 iiitt il St >tca, I #!^n i• ix
r.rlii le* of their growth, produce and inaTmb.c*
•urc not c >nt:vd> sod of war, in their trad ■ to anl
irons port*-, the entrance • ' which is* permitted by
iherygul tuns of ’.''.e government, if such p >rta
i»e nul actually blockaded or ir.vested, by a com
e-ient 111 ’’CO ; p>i‘X*Hr that such go* eminent
may not have in force edict* to- decrees viola*
•nit; the neutral ngnts of the Unit- ’ States._ *
And that the merchant* of the Unit'd States be
permitted to associate fnr their defence, against
i.<•['-! capti.i'i s and detent-on.i, m-der such regu
lations as dull be piCWl'iiscd by law.—~l*aiil wll
the table.
J7"' Phe ft, flowing in the t'rv.ctiTlON bill
n«7t> before the Sena:c of Virginia :
Hit. it enacted bxj the (Setierul .'fesrtn
bli/. That the. net passed the 51st dav of
January last, entitled “ An net concerning
executions and fur other purposes” be, and
the same is hereby declared to be and re*
:ts;-. -.,i in force until the 51st day of May next,
and no longer : Provided aljrayt, :ind be
it further enacted, that nothing herein con
tained shi-.Tl operate to take away or impair
any security giv* n, or right vested under
the above recited act; but that all of them
,e*. ar.d they are hereby maintained and
enforced ; and tuat each and every remedy
provided by the said act, for tin* prosecution
of such rights apd securities, shall be, and
they are hereby rendered perpetual.
Ami be it further enacted. That in nil
cases where,under the si^cih section ofth®
above recited act, bonds shall have been gi
ven to stay proceedings upon deeds of trust,
such bonds shall be returned to tbs Clerk's
o-Tice of the superior or inferior court of the •
county wherein one, at b ast, of the defen
dants resides ; and the Clctk of that court
only, shall have power to issue execution*
upon such bonds.
I his act sh ill commence and be in force,
from and after the passing thereof.
(Hz' A meeting of the members of T1IE MU
TUAL ASSURANCE SOCIETY, will I n
Md at the Capitol on tub. day, at 10 c*cl ,cfc
A. i.l.
SAMUEL GREENlfOW,
Principal J^ent.
January 2.1. jt
? OSi between Mr. nuchannrui’a farm anti
*- J tile t asi.ington tavc.i. a SCO'l II PEU
Ui.L SiSAI. K- i in gold it lias i* dove engrav
ed for a devce, with the UtMrc J. H underneath.
* tie 1.:; !;:r will be libera’’;y rewarded by leaving
it with the Editor of this paper.
January 23. 3.^
OSNABURGS, for sale by tlie
vJ bale or piece, by the subscriber, at his house*
near col. Mayo’a Bridge.
JAMES 1MNES.
December J.
CCngff0\v,
U0V3E OP J\EP UESEXTATiy ES.
DEBATE
OS fHS yo T ST xr.ao LUTl'iS
Approving the conduce of the Executive,
in 1 elation to the refusal to receive am/ fur
i’ler communication from Err. tic is James
Jackson.
(continued.)
December 27.
jvr. a o/irrch coMchtded.
And in page 63, Mr. Jackson aays on the
subject ct the Chesapeake*—
“When 1 informed you that the agree
tnent concluded heie in April last had been
framed in deviation from the instructions
fpyen lor the occasion, my explanation -was
intended to F,nply to both parts of thatagree
meat. 'I h at nothing, required by the most
scrupulon « accuracy, may be wanting, I now
add, tha.t the deviation consisted in not re.
cording jn the official d cmnent signed here
tliu a'oiogntion of the President’* prnclafl>al
cm of the 2d July, 1807, as well as thc twol c
.sc' /cs specified in the paper of memoranda
inrdo.ed iu my official letter to you of tht>
37 th ult.”
It appears then that the tender of repa
j ration for the Chesapeake in disavowed.
• 1. Because the repeal of the proclamati
j on of the President w?j not recorded iti
instrument by which the reparation
was made.
2d. Because it did not contain a stipulati
ou admitting the right on the part of (ir eat
Britain to claim a discharge from cur service
of deserters generally, and particularly of
her natural horn subjects, without except
ing such as had been natura'.ued iu due
form by the U. S.
The first condition was entirely useless.
htc use the proclamation was repealed.
l'he 2d condition has no connection with,
dir subject. Stipulations on the subject of de
betters oron any other subject ought tohavo
bet . reserved for arrangement by tieaty.—
1’hcy could not honorably be tendered to the
American gov< nmgit as the price of rej.a
ration for an injury. Tne nation or indivi
dual tcndei ing reparation for an injury can*
not give better pi.mfof treachery of the tor
seat kind, than to clog it w ith disgracr *
Conditions which insure its rejection.’ V ful
si'-, arc the natural borif subjects of f
Britain? All person* born within th' 'teat
nions of G’eat Britain, whether n** ‘•domJ.
by the laws of other countries t.r «ii’aUisf<j
are refused i\ paration for a- ,,r"B \V<*
injury, because wc will not r '* atr,rin ^
a surrender of the tight- «,[ <>rcha e ,, ;>v.
citizens, 'flic disavowal „/ *!' "
for tlie Chesapeake roan if ’. 1 : »ari« ^
foith on the put of the r/ .,n|>’ bad
prove*irresistibly tt> mv 1 ' i hue
a confi:t>-n v. > conuiije.i y' ‘\\ '«« \