The enquirer — Richmond, Va., 1810-12-13 00:00:00, page 3

■Before I Heard these arguments, t had fte
Ueved that tiie doctrine of precedent was
routined exclusively to the Courts of Justice,
» r was only used by the greatest tyrants in
the worse of times to justify their lupst dar
jug oppressions. In establishing rules of
property and construing its laws, it becomes
absolutely necessary to pay some respect to
•FUF.ciuDKNT, because it is better even that
a bad precedent should be followed, than
that toe rule should be unknown or unsettled,
.or in other words, that some rule should be
established than to have no rule at all; or
to have it subject to the whim and caprice :
of every judge. Thus on the Bench and at j
the Bar, precedent is Law. History too, in. I
forms us in wh.it manner this principle has
been applied to politics. In governments'
•which have had no written constitution,
{such as England) but where some respect
Wras due to the people, it has been made the
insti umeut of wicked princes, and profligate
.ministers. That usurpation which they dar
ed not defend on principle, they have justi
jBed by precedent, and so convenient is this
doctrine tha a precedent, for the boldest
and most unprincipled encroachments on
Jtlie rights of the people, has never been
wrmted. But the existence of the F ict alone,
couhl have induced me to believe, that any
measure of this Government depending on
constitutional grounds, was to l>e defended
by a precedent. Independent of other oh.
jections, I hncl supposed, that the govern,
tnent was yet too young, to erect precedent
into Law. Time gives to this doctrine a
•Weight and infallibility which here it has
rot >et acquired. In 'he old establishments
of Europe which have las'ed for centuries,
a man might with some shew of reason cite
the example of t»is forefathers, and their
pract’ce lime out of mind. But in a gov
crnnieiit of yesterday, where so many are
still living who laid its foundation, and ac
companied every step of its progress, it is
in e.-wn to talk of what has been done as a
ju'- i ft cat ion of what yon are about to do.
'* Rut if the doctrine had all the advantage
of ti ne, and if ages had passed over our re
po- 1 ic, to give it sanctity and authority, it
•would still be inapplicable to a government
which had a written constitution, marking
om the path ot iis du<y. and expressly hulk
ing the range of its powers. In this case
every public functionary, sworn to support
th" ms rumen t which creates him, is obliged
continually to recur to Jirsi principles, and
X date his copduct, not by .the chang
ing i> d uncertain light of precedent, but by
fhe words and spirit oF the Constitution.—
Jn other cases he may. sacrifice his own
Op nion to the judgment and example of
Others • bat here such sacrifice would be in
'Co npatible with a conscientious discharge
of tiis m ist sacred duties. It would be trea.
fSO'l and apostacy. The Constitution is con
tinuel'y before him—Its provisions are legi
ble ; it leaves nothing to doubt—nothing to
cuiijecture—nothing toprcccdent.
A doctrine which, to say the ieast of it,
is q lesiiouable, is fairly triable by its con.
sequences-and what let me ask, would
be 'i- consequences in this government, of |
ans vering a constitutional objection by ap
pealing to the exposition of preceding Le
gislatures. Judges, or Presidents. To make
an obnoxious measure constitutional, it is
only necessary that the creators of the con_
stirution should adopt it. To prostrate State
High s, and legalise the oppression, the Gen
erul government have only to practise one
art t>; usurpation. To destroy the essential
xJharacteristic of that government, as corn,
posed of limi'ed and enumerated powers,
on! establish i precedent levelling he bar
rie> .vh'ch the c institution has set up for
the p: ;CiX>iu . of State Rights, and the work
is done. I'm inter/iretation >>( the rule,
however absurd, after wauls becomes the li
Jtit not the ule it«-tlf ; ai.d in this way the
leatu -s ;ot ur great charter, may in a
fev. yea: a be ; italic uefi ecu, and the skeie •
ten alone remain, w
In moral science, if’his rule were adopt
ed, there would be a:i end to the dis'incti
ons between Virtue and vice P . make an
action rit/ht if would only be eceSsarv that
it should have o- cr been committed It
would in time, rontecrate itt'tf The shed
der of h s parent' blind migh; justify parri
cide-and one a rocious crime- legalize a
Rot her.
But why do I appeal to genera! principles
in refutation of the doc rim-, when we have
had a practical illustratit n of its tendency?
'I he Alien and Sedi.ion Laws, were enact
ed by Congress, appr ved by tiie President,
and enforced by the Judges. And yet if a_
ny man had opposed Mr Madison’s justly
Celebrated Report on this ground, no terms
of con empt or abhorrence would have been ,
spared, in his condemnation.
I nave dwelt the lo: ger on this point, be-1
cause I perceive in s me men a disposition!
to shelter themselves from the. public indig
ji .tifia which mutt billow their a/iottocy,
under the miserable and exploded doctrine
I have mentioned, and because I would not
have he public confidence in Mr. Madi
son’s resolution and constancy, impaired up„
on this ground. ills countrymen, mav, I'J
think,fairly look to the day of his trial, if it
sh.ulrl arrive, with a reasonable ex^iCtaii.'
on ot i s adding another laurel to his brow.
He »s i dep *v.l on it, give new occasion for'
exultation to hi* friends, and moriificati-!
o»' 10 his enemies. H<- will siill he found the
guardian at he has before been, the cham
jiian of Slate High!n ■ ^nd his friends
wil i ever blush for his inconsistency. He
■will fix ihe true interpretation of that in-,
S'-u nen', whose foundations he assisted to
toy The father will not destroy the work i
of his own hands——and the firactice of the 1
Pie . dent will only confirm the theory of
the Man.
nui soiar trom this being a justification of
the litile attention heretofore paid to this
subject by the Virginia Legislature, it is one
rea .on among many, for tlie instructions and
recommendations 1 am advocating. VVe
may rely upon Mr. Madison’s principles,
anti this new test of them, will raise him in
the estimation of his friends. But it will
embitter the animosity of his enemies, and
may make him new ones. VVe may be wil
ling • «> t xpnse him to the trial, which the
passage of such a bill will certainly pro
duce, that lie may prove his energy and
his political virtue ; but we ought not
lightly. Sc for the sake of an expo iment by
no means necessary, to risk his high popu
larity at this eventful Crisis. Some of hi9
political friends will certainly advocate an
incorporated Bank.
1 have good reason to believe the Senators
of this State will be ami ng die number, nn.
less instructed by >heir constituents.—A
difference of opinion on a subject so impor.,
tant in its consequences, may not indeed
produce apolitical alienation on other points,
but may prevent that cordial co-operation «*»
i'i blic, measuoes, on which at this time the
• *. .defy & integrity ot the State depend.
Since therefore a large majority of the peo
pic of \Uis state, and their representatives
are, I am fully persuaded, opposed to the
renewal of the Charter of the U. States*
B.mk, or the incorpoi ation o* any other ; a d
since our representative* in Congress, or
some one of them, may ami probably will
differ on the subject, from what we have e -
very reason to believe, is the opinion of the
President, and this difference of opinion may
at so important a crisis, requiring unanimi_
ty and concert, produce coolness or discoid,
—alienate friends or inH-tme enemies—1
conclude that these considerations alone
which have produced .puiliy, ought to quick
en diligence, and give birth to those, in
atroc ious, which will avert every evil and
redeem the character of the State.
But there are other and higher consider
rations urging you, the represent atives of the j
people of Virginia, to this step and to take '
it immediately—1 no not allude to the possi ■
bility, or (considering the exei ti .n every j
where making in its favor) to the probability '
of two thirds ot both houses in Congress, I
concurring in this measure, and forcing it
upon you in despite of your President, f \
refer to circumstances and principles still i
better entitled to your attention. It must j
be recollected, that tilt Government under!
which w« have the happiness to live, is pe_!
culiarly oiganized and cons itutrd. On the
one hand, there is a great Federal autho.
my. having a gi ant of specified indeed, bat
most important powers On the other, are
the Slate Sovereignties retaining what they
have not surrendered, but having surren
dri ed so much, that in the opinion of .tome
they have retained little worth kieping._
These two powers m iy be called the cen
tripetal and cen ritugal powers of the State.
I he one tending to draw every tiling to
self, and the other to flv from its common
Centre. I he true theory of our government
consists in the fair equilibrium of these two
powers, and of confining each to its proper
limits. Bu> in practice, this can hardly be
effected by the most jealous circumspection.
Fhe laigei bod\ naturally draws to itself
the smaller-whilst the latter is everv
moment in danger of extinction.
lo drop the figure—the general govern„
ment has so main- powers, so much reve
nue so many disposable resout ces, so much
[patronage and so much consequence from
the present peculiar state of the world, tnat
tiie s ate authorities are thrown in the back
ground, and are now but little regarded._
Sin. e the adoption ot the Constitution, seve
ral circumstances have concurred to arid to
die weight of the general government, and
of consequence comparatively to lessen that
of each Sta.e—Our toreig relations have be
com* more interesting—Our com me ice been
greatly extended—The number of offices
and the patronage of the governmi n encr. as
ed with it—territoi ial governments nave oeen
established within our old limits, and other
[territories acquired-The power of the
President and Congress has embraced h
wider range and been extended to new th-.’
legitimate objects —So that now all eyes art
fixed upon the high tribunal—Talents flock
to it—oflice_seekcrs surround it—and in thr
blaze of its consequence, the little state au
thorities are scare, ly noticed.
1 nisj sign of tlie times is to my mind
awtul and portentous. It points ultimately
to a consolidation o! all power in the ge.
nerai government, and to the extinction of
our liberties Give us an mprincipled pre
sident and a time-serving legislature, and
where ts the p./wer that can control them?
The constitution is already a dead letter* —
Its barriers may he levelled bv the sub
tlety of interpretation, and the authority of
precedent. The doctrine of implication may
make in it so many breaches that we have
nothing nl it to hold by—-and we are sur
prized to find that in spite of our chatters,
our checks and balances, our liberties have
vam.-hed. There is but one remedy to the
evil, and perhaps even that an inadequate
one. Let the states be at all times and un
der every admmistra.ioti vigilant in guard
ing evety the least, right or power, they
have retained to themselves.—Let them
pin down ill ? Congress of the U. S. and the
administration, to the letter of that charter
ed authority, which should ever be the rule
of their conduct, or to its obvious and neces_
sary meaning—and let them not, for one
moment sleep upon their posts, lest the ene
my should ccme and find them unguarded.
In an evil hour, Satan found admittance into
the gaidcn of Eden.——The consequence
was tne fall of man
1 hat tbe Hank Bill does involve conside
rations of the most important nature, that
its principle will justify other encroach
ments on State Rights, that it opens in fact
a wide door to implicative construction, anil
is as to this, a test of principle in 1811. as
wj*'l as when the struggle commenced in
1791, it will be my endeavor in the next
number to prove.
H \RMODIUa
WEST FLORIDA.
If there was one measure of the Adminis
t ration, which was likely to silence Federal
opposition, it was presumed that it might be
the occupation of W Florida. What .ould
be said against i* t
I'he Federalists could not say, that we had
no t ight to it.
They could not say, that the President had
no powers to act.
They could not say, that this was not the
auspicious moment to act—when one cUi .
mam was ousted, and the other had a l ight
to come in.
They could not say, that we ought to yield
it, on account of the Florida Uonveniino _
because it now appears, that even the Rea .
pie there have solicited our protection.
They could not urge the pretensions ei
ther of France or G B.
They could scarcely see that hobgoblin.
French Influence, in the measure——»<if er
the avowals, so repeatedly urged, in private
Conversation and in public prims— hat it
is the fear of France alone, which could or
would arrest the execution of this very mea
sure
Their prints, too, the very oracles of the
party, have already in a variety of ways,
approved of this rneasnre. Wiiat say the
opposition prints, before us ?
From the New York Evening Poet of Ao
vember.
" I be idea of an independent Sta’e in
West Florida, is preposterous. And should
Great Britain or France get a foothold in
it, they would be very troublesome neigh
bors to die U. Slates."
From the Freeman's (Phil.) Journal of
November.
“ As the United States have a claim of
jurisdiction nvsr great part of West Florida,
a claim ihal would assume a very serious
aspect under an energetic government, the
Declaration of Independence in that coun
try, may possibly violate vested rights of
the U. S.—rights guaranteed by (h<u very
I Law of Nations to which the Florid1 ans ap*
ip al far 'he support of thtiiv Independence
: At all events. Florid\ must one day be a
I part ol the U Staves Nature has .e'daiii
ed the event ”
An energetic government would!.
Humph *
From the Alexandria Daily (Jazette of No
vember 9
** Fhougo Florida by the Louisiana Con.
vention, was ceded to us as tar as the river
Perdido, the Inhabitants of tlie Mississippi
Territory are not the people of the U-. S.
nor C'ongr ss We imagine the principal
hindrance to our *uking possession of West
Florida, is tlie President’s love or fear of
iionaftarte It King Joseph’s rlaims v.*«*re out
ot the ques'inn, the case would be different,
li the President thinks himself uuau horised
to act, lit ought to recommend the subject to
Congress. A law passed many ye..i a ago.
es Wishing a Custom House at tlie Mobile ;
since whicn we have constantly been paying
duties to the Spanish.”
From the Virginia Patriot, of Nov. 16.
I hat territory, (Wes Florida,) has, many
weeks since, declared itself independent of
its parent country, and as its inhabitants are
not strong enough to maintain a government
by themselves, they must of course either
be incorporated with, or remain dependent
on, some other power. They are said al
ready to have signified a wish that this
power should be the U. States. It is, more
over well known that the U. States have
claims, never yet adjusted or relinquished,
upon a part of the territory of the province.
*' With all these tacts inviting tbeir attea
tioH, have our government done nothing res
pecting the province? Have they closed
their eves upon the opportunitv thus pre
sented them for honorably acquiring pos
session of so important a tract of country?
Have they folded their arms in listless apa
hy 10 behold England or France sir lifting
in and securing the ftrizc which fortune
has now, /ter/t'tfts for the last time, thrown
within our reach ? Or has the dread ol !
Napoleon’s frown restrained them from ini I
Proving the opportunity thus afforded them ?
"We are lo-h to believe any of these sup.
posi1 ions to lie facts. Wre cannot think, nu j
merous as the blunders are with which the !
present administrati >n are chargeable, that
they can be so totalis los» to a sense of the
true uiteres s of the U S. as not. long ere i
this, to have taken some effectual steps tor
securing at feast the friendship and depen.. I
deuce, it not the os eusible governmen*. and \
control, of the territory in question: we
cannot believe them so profoundly stupid or !
so wantonly treacherous is willingly to see
an Lngiish ona French fl..g waving in tri
umplt and security along the whole extent ;
I of our southern frontier.”
Well—here wi- have it in black if white,
bi way o\ firsvtous speculation, that the]
Measure is right ; .hat u: claim, is sound
— - -—the time auspicious ; tha-. an en. \
ergette government would act-..nd Miat
nothing >.ould stay .ue uandot the Presi.
dent, but the fear or 'he love of France.—
W ell—after all these declarations, was it
to be exftecled iha: auy thing would be said
against it ?
" Who asks that question? I, jt you,
sir, who hast just risen from the perusal ot
the Oceana or the U.opia? O is it you
sir. who hast witnessed the opposition eve
ry measure has met with, from .he federal
ists, units. it favors the views ot Britain?
Is it their praising the arrangement of E >
kine, and then their abuse of the president1
tor it, ajtcr its di-avowal-is it theii j
support ot Jackson-or wt.a is it, sir, that
gives you snen liberal ideas of the fioltcy of
the federalists? You think these gentle
men are self-gagged-you ate mistaken—
their prints art Eels, which •* slip >ver or
undei ” their own Milemo declarations.—>
In a few weeks, they will receive the cue ;
and the “'hole pack vriil yelp ... concert
against this measure. You stare, sn_
but the cry has already bigun. And •nose
very men, who have insinuated that Flon
da would not be occupied from a fear of
France, will now boldly assert, without one
tittle of proof, that it is occupied at the tie .
sire of, and in trust for France.”
Mr- Wagner, now the Oracle of the Bri
tish A gems, and since the reiiretmnr of
Coleman, the “ Field Marshall” of “ the
British Party in America.” has o/iened the
cry in hi a " Federal Republican.” Atm
what are his grounds?
First, tiie U. S. have no title—we thought
this point was settled among the Federalists
themselves—it will lead us too far to pursue
it now.
But though they had a right, “ is it con.
sistent with sound policy o oust the Spam
ards at the point of the bayonet ?”—Answer.
“ The Spaniards,” that is, old Spain, is oust
ed- -—then we, the other claimant, come in,
Where her authority has been subverted.
“ While Spain was the ally of France, w»
did not dare to assert our right in arms.”
Answfr Whilst the Spanish authority
existed in Florida, we did not interfere.—
A curious proof ot our pusillami v, that we
did not “ a-sert our rights” when Spain was
the ally of France and yet we should do it.
v#hen Spain has become the appanage of
France !
We think .t a just speculation, that West
Florida has been seitcd, not only with the
consent ot Fiance, but at her special in
s urtce. and is probably, to be held in sc
crct irus' for N tpoleon, un i| the fate of
Spain is determined.”—AnswRr. What
proof is there obaek this generous susfiieionf
Wliat fact -what shadow of a fact ? j\oc
oiu—And >.et, upon mere suspicion only,
is the. President charged with being in se
cret connivance with Fiance.
" No in in who has noticed the various acts
of subserviency towards France, will say to
the contrary, that Mr. Madison would not
have dared to seize and invest West Flori
da, against the Will of liinafiurnr”_An
surer What he would deem politic to do,
in such a case, is another ques ion-but
there is no one acquainted with him, who
will doubt Ins resold lion to support the rights
of his country, without fear of France or
any other nation. But the fact is, that
Frauce had not been consulted on the sub
jeet—arid of cou’ se, it cannot be said, that
it was either against or with the Will of
Bonaparte.
** It will be an interesting duty hereafter,
to show how far the. President was authori
sed to proceed as he has, thereby arrogating
to himself the power of commencing war,
without the authority of Congress.” An
swkk. 1 here is no war commenced—he
only exercises the powers, vested in him by
the Acts of Congress.
“ Connected with this discussion, it will
lie proper to show that the President ha-t
usurped the power (forbidden by the Con
stitution) to march a force beyond the li
mits of the U S” Answer. It is not
beyond our limits •, the Acts of Congress,
ftf February and March 1804 have aJrecti/
legislated tor the counMy
“ May we not Anticipate the seizure of
Ehv Florida by the English i May we not
conclude that Spain will seize all oiu* pro
perty in her ports, by way of reprisal r” — ..
And pray. Sir. wnat would you say of Ci.
B. it she weie to do it t
VVe pass over many of the positions of
I 'Ir Wagner——the above is a sufficient,
specimen of the solidity of his reasons —
He isks, it it has “been ascertained, whether
already of all aoce, offensive ami defensive,
exists between Engla d and Spain ; and
that the h finer is pledg' d to guarantee the
lairer in her possessions ?” V/e must have
asked tcax>e of (j. Britain, (under such cir
cumstances) to occupy VV. Ffoiida. Sup
pose she had told us, that the KegetiRy had
promised Arr an indemnity in Uie Yucatan,
m. Cuba a id in Florida. OJ Course, Mr,
W. would have acquiesced
—The tocsin is now sounded—and. those
who recommended the ineasu e of occupying
Florida, will join in the cry against it VVe
shall soon have the who t puck in full cho
rus— There is really doing nothing 'opteajee
the Federal printers. It Mr. Madison does
not take Florida, he is afraid of France_
if he does, he is in connivance with her.
They are eternally in the Antipodes. And
therefore let us do right, and please our
selves. He may be energetic, he may dis
play every virtue under heaven-but so
long as the Federalists are out of power, there
will be neither energy nor virtue iu the ad
ministration. That’s fix ed.
TO TIIE POINT 1 • r
We have a Minister in Britain,
h^he has no Minister of equal dignity in
Ti»e President, thinking that we had a
right to as much respect Irom Britain, as
we have shown towards her, hut unwilling
at the same time to close the diplomatic in
tercourse between ns, allows her more than
the requisite time to appoint one:
“ blie would and she would nut.*_Her
prime Minister promises to recommend tlie
measure, but doubts whether difficulties
would not be made to it.
Our Minister who has the whole ground
before him, expresses to his government
the disgust which he feels at this delay.
Wbat is tn be done ? Is there any resource
but one, to shield the honor of the na ion i
The President feels as he should feel on
such an occasion —As the following letter
shews us, he leaves our Minister no further
discretion, but directs him to leave the
Britisli court, “ if on receiving (these in
structions) a Minister had not been ufifioint~
From a member of Congress ro the Editor,
dated Washington, Dec. 9.
Our prospects here have brightened_
The administration stands on better ground.
The arrangement with France does away
the triangular warfare about which so much
h.is been said. 1 he taking possession of
the portion of Florida, claimed under the
L. utsiana treaty, relieves us from a tedious
and he t etnfore unp t ofi. able negotiation with
Sfiain. The language towards England has
b.en temfierate but firm. The last instruc
ti ms to Mt, Pinkney have him no discre
lion. bu« dnec * that if on receiv
ing THEM A MINISTER HAS NOT BEEN
appointed ” he is to «ako his leave and
re'ui n n-.me ”
Extrac of a letter from Bishofi Madison,
to Mr. Girard in oj his city dated WU
tiamsburg, 27th November 1810
I " ^ l4te,y received the stone which
I tell in Nor.h Carotin - mJanuary last, weigh
| ing 3 < is. It resembles in appearance .he
.meteoric stones of £u i ope, anti those which
feil mi Connecticut in 1808, of which here
IS . imou C acr.oiin in the last volume oi .he
American Pmlosnp ical Fransuctions. But
|his stone has a peculiarity, winch 1 have
imt seen no iced in any other of the kind
It not only acts and is acted upon by the
Magnet; but is itself a real Magnet, hav
ing-ts distinct North a.d South Piles; and
cons. queiPly all the oilier pr .pen its of th'
Magnrt, though in a weak dcg. ee; a state,
in which the natural Magnet is often found;
a strong additional presumption, thus af
forded, that the Btune is of terrestrial ori
gin.
“ I sent Queries to North Carolina which
have been answered by a gentleman ofeha
racter, who heard the explosions; and it is
surprising, ho«v nearly several of the Phce
nomena coincide with those observed in
Connecticut.”
17* Fhe Bishop’s opinion is ; that these
me.eoric s;ones have been projected from
the Volcanoes of the earth-he coincides
N\ith Mr. VV>od in the idea, that they tall so
tar from the volcanoes, on account of the
same point of the earth moving with differ
ent velocities in a diurnal rotation,
COMMUNICATION.
“LONG SPEECHES."
Perhaps it did not occur to Governor Ty
ler. when he inveighed, in hi-. Message, a.
g.iinst “long speeches, and almost m long
opinions.” that there ate actually cases on
record, in which the gentlemen oj hr long
tongue have been circumscribed In statute
and rule. These farts occur besides ln qie
history of two republics of the old world,
Athens and Rome. So that there is anti '
qui*y also in favor of the idea. These f »cts
are established by the following exit- ict from
•• the Prefatory Discourse” of Sir William
Jones, prefixed to his translation from the
Greek “ Speeches of Isxus in Causes con
cerning the Law of Succession to uropurtv
at Athens."
4‘ The 'imv, which these judicial speech
es were not suffered to exceed, was previ
ously fixed by the Arch on according to the
oa'iire of the cause and fhc number of per
tinent observations which it required ; and
this time was regulated by the dropping of
water through a glass, called clepsydra,
which was carefully stopped, when any ver
bal or written evidence was produced, or
any law, will, or other instrument, was read
to the court: this was a restriction in most
cases higijiy expedient for the dispa ch of
business; ;iy*(\tr. Tyler gives the same
reason.) although Tacitus considered the
Pompeian Isw by which the leng'h of a
criminal’s defence was limited to three
hours, as a check fothe free, course of elo
quence; and, as the power of allotting 'he
due quantity of water seems to have been
discretionary in the magistrate, the success
of a cau«e might, peihaps, depend too
much upon his vigilance, n tention. ahtl sa ,
gacity: on the whole, we proceed better, 1
think without any such restraint."
Asa proof of th'S, in reading the Speeches
of Laos, yon sometimes sec the Orator cry
ing out to Hie Officer, “Let * he water glass
be stopped.”—Though \vc Gunk Chat the
1 . ..
- _ for ne vv-orlkans,
! , Thejinv Packet Schooner.
G R A - v D ** A C 11 E M
rjf^a Benoni Jackson :
lo sail about t'lt l4tli January—For ir.ight or
passage, Having elegant accon.moilutioiis, apply
to the master on board.
Richmond, December 13. 3^
l U) Gentlemen possessed of Dr. Kai-seR7*
•* Hi* >rv of Mmlon Euior *
A FRUPOS VL.bv William Toting Birrh and
Abr . .am Sm dl, No 37. Sont'. Second Street,
Philadelphia, hr pubh lung by subscni tinn, the.
Cootinu-<»win, ii- ' V, , ,i; i ,jl
HISTORY OF MODERN EUROPE,
P r'c-.iK n it . in willi ti.e 5 v.,|Unu.-s they ive
aliemly published ; and wfcicn will con rum that
valuable work down to • Treaty «d* Amirni, in
the yar 1802 By CHaRLES COOTE. L L.
1).— This volum. contains the History t.f Grcat
Bntatn, from 1763 this period comprises tho
whoie ot the American War—the war will*
Prance, Spain and H il-nd, tertmnited try the
V*cc ‘V 1'a3 —the rise, progress a id suspension
ot hostdi* tea, connected with the Fren. i R,-vo
l'ltion, till th« Treaty ot Amiens, in 1802 Che
History ol Franre, Spain and tl»- South ot Eu
rope. during the same period-Holland. Ger
many, Turkey, Poland, and die North of E , ,Pe.
I ~A XylrJSy of the Progress of Society in E ,ope*
i .T, rM.' 'X ’.“d"1- «■•» l>'"> •» c>.npr°' d
a notice ot ad tho Events that have had a mate
rial effect on the affairs ot the world for thirty
nine years. ->
CUNDi FIONS— It shall he printed in s'ricC
uniformity with the Five Volumes published by
B.tiid S. some tune since : — It shall be deliver
ml to tii* subscribers in Boards price R 2 75
payable on delivery.—The Volume will contain
up wains ot six I.un Ired pages.
Gciitie.lien possessed of the Englslt copy oF
Modern Rur..j>«, w.U find this additional V-'luma
penoctiy uniform with their books ; .i ,a me
S.xt i volume of the new London Edition, which!
ca'* ur‘.'y b‘; purchased in complete sets—so tha~
subscribing for this, is the only means by which,
duy ca., complete their H;.tuV_l0 loose who
may wis. to have a comp.ndi.uis narrative of
peiuap.s the most eventful period of-lie World’s
, uunconnected, be ia
*',,i br Reived in- Philmklpnia,/
Pr,,rr‘.,ST L,Wd U.,chmo*‘a by Win.
1 n hi.rt. and S. Pleasants ir
Dec. 13 J
3~.«f l, J<?~™ Friday, ,to
-.6 of diis niuinh {December)— Will be
*''ld'X' tht‘ Premises, .lithe PERSONAL ES
i v 1 E ot Mrs Sarah Syme, decM. consisting of
a large stock of Horses, Horned Cattle Sheet*
[and Hogs; a Cl.arriot. with Harness compktk
or two horses, a pt. r of young wefl broke Hor
*™.' SfcVe,1*l Wagons, Carts and G.gs, S )tne ot
whioh lire entirely new ; a Urge uuantitv r.F
household and kitenen Furniture ofsuperior qua
h«y ; setts of Coopers’, Carpenters’ and Black
smiths tools, & about 200 barrels Corn, Fodder.
At the same time will be hired, for the ensU
Mg year, about forty valuable Negmes, smontr
whom are a good blacksmith, several carpenters*
o coopers ami some young1 crop hands. The e»
•ate with all us valuable improvements. ler.Sv-d
or rented ; there were about 140 bushel* of wheat
sowed this tall, in good order, and gotten in im
good time. Bonds andappioved security will he
fl’,irt<1 "* purrhasers for all sums over 10 dolsO
lor all sums under, cash.-AH|perso»s havitli?
claims against the estate are desired to m*ke
tb.;m known on or before the day of sale ; those
indebted thereto, will be pleased to adjust their
adcounts speedi'y. with
THE administrators.
December 13. 7.
■ invvu UWLbAKS REWARD_
A Strayed or stolen from my servant m me
city of Richmond on the 10>h tilt, a dark hav
'OI'*€, »" hnmg to (lit sorrel, IS iunds 6M('»
6 years old—he. was purchased of a Mr J me*
Hub’isrd, and raised in the county of August*
v1"'rp ,ie W'H probably g.,, if not stolen— fc U>
will be paid --n Ins delivery to Mr D. Bimui.Uo
of the city of Richmond, if taken up within thir
ty miles, and twenty dollars if upwards.
... ^ MARY BYRD.
Westover Den. 13. ut
! FtMJTY COLLARS REWARD—Ranaway'
A from Suoscriner, on Mon.lsy night loth
1 imt it m.ditto boy, named JOHN, about 16 or
, 17 years of age, of a pale white complex,on, ra
ther Slim made, lias a coarse voice. He is about
live lent 4 inches high—I bought him of Mr Wrn
JJandi nlgo, of ibis county in D/04, and lie may
have gone towards his residence ; or befhan*
I further down the river. It is supposed that I e
carried away with h.m two shits of clothes, one
! *u,v,n ru',,lh> ’*ther of a grey mixed colour .
VVh'u-ver brings h.m to me, shall receive die a
bove reward, and reasonable cxpences if taken a’
a diwlunct:. #
, IT, Joseph gallego.
Richmond Dee 13 tf
I UMN McPflE R SO NT hsi just rcceivirtj
J otters lor sale, opposite rile Eagle Iavim--*
large frid g. neral ..ireful „i -be
BEiJi NORTHERN LEATHER;
Togrtm ■ w-ft a iupp.j of
HARDWARE;
Among which . u» ch gan* assortment of I’latrA
unf Cnvimon Senility—Cuirt-rs’, Shoe M *
, and Sadlers’ Tunis, wit;. isr.'e -lssonmen. ,,f
; Brushes : All of which wi U he aoij low f,,f . ,a»
I wholesale anrj retail. ^
I November if.
| rl 17X15 K fi, ■d®!
of *vaftY irscnipnoi,
j t?OJ2 HALJ( AT tUtH OJUJC&.
■ •*• ' v .. • - ?. - . '• • - ■ ' - ’ <»«* A..ft
rage for wng.speeches, bo’j* at the h^r anti
elsewhere is too much " the order «>f mo
day”—yet it is best tp leave it to "the sound
discretion” of the Orau r* They are un
doubtedly, sometimes, an evil—but it would
be a greyer one topreend to set lln t’s tu
the range of mind or the course of Truth,
hv the rules of Courts, or au Act of AstiCin..
bly.
• _
Tile House of Delegates have been prin
cipally occupied during the two last davsin
the reading of Petitions. On Tuesday a.
resolution was submitted to instruct ih»
-Committer ’•! Privileges and Klectipus, to
enquire into the conduct o'. John M’Kcon. a.
nuinner from the coun y , f Lee. <vh-, has
been represented as having committed the
crime of Jligamy. . 1'he resolution was a
greed to. am) th, question, nt. course. refer
red. Mr M’iv was in the Mouse, and ex
pressed Ins wish for an investigation.
"1 he number of Committe*** im cur Lc|yi*l:itnnr
r<* comparatively small to that of the committees!
in the Assembly of South Carolina. .The follow
ing i* the title of the Standing Committees in tins
ilouve of Representatives of that Suie i
Of Privileg s uul Elections—Or. the Jitdicia
rv On Military Affairs— Of Wuy* and Mems——
On Religion—tin Reads, Bridges anti J-'. rri<s—
On Public Buildings—On Accounts—On Grie
vsnces—On Incorpo'-itions—On C.aims—On In-.
1 <n«l Navigation—On Pensions—On Schools— Or
Vacant Of hoes
C—J Tne Saif of the negroes, as advertised in
th.t paper by Hugh Nelson, is rota delttinine l to
be a (>• iv.re one only, to g vr ex'.ry cppoi t unity of
respecting the lies oj nature by selling i/ittn in fa
milies.
It