Republican ledger, and Portsmouth price current — Portsmouth, N.H., 1803-06-28 00:00:00, page 2

e arrives at full age, withdraws himfelf
from his parents, forms new conne&ions
and establishes himfelf in life, so colonies,
when thay no longer require the foftering
hand of their parent, withdrew from her,
and take their rank among the nations of the
earth. The situation of this colony, her
distance from the parent country, and her
contiguity to this Republic, appear to indi
cate her early reparation from France.
With these Rates the colony mufthave a da
!y intercourse, her citizens will imbibe our
principles, our customs and habits. An al
liance may take place, or ihe may be incor
porated as a member of the union. Our
peaceable temper and habits, and our difpo
(ition to extend the arts of civil life to the
exclusion of war, furnish to the European
powers, the greeted fateguard for their A
merican possessions. The time must come
when America will poß'efs felf command ;
by forcing us to affutne the character of a
warlike people, that event way be acceler
ated.
On this interesting fubjea there is one
fuggeffion of the highest importance repea
tedly made by rhe opposition. It is this:
The citizens of the weftern dates will secede
from the union and form an alliance with
France. When that event happens the fun
of out hapoinefs will set forever, "and dark
! efs and thick tempos hover around us."
But what are the evidences which support
this aflertion. The citizens of the weftern
dues have invariably manifeßed an attach
ment to the union as ardent as that of any
other portion of the nation ; their morals
are as correct, their intellect as found, and
their interest in our unity as unbounded.
They are connected with the Atlantic Rates,
aud the Atlantic Rates with them, by every
tie of interest, affection and consanguinity.
No nation was ever united by ties Wronger
than those which bind together the Rates.
The dissolution of no nation ever portended
grater evils then would probably result
from our fepration. We now injoy in
each other, confidence, peace and happiness
—We should then have, jealousies, wars,
aid the laR dregs of human wretchedness —
We are now united in one common interest
as a band of brothers—We should then seek
each others ruin as rival enemies. The
powers capable of attacking us are now re
moved three thousand miles ; we should then
have an enemy at our doors ; our neighbors
would wish our deßtudion. Weak, indeed,
must that man be, who believes that dis
union can take place without producing per
petual wars. The dreadful tragedies of
Europe will be acted in America. The
weaker nation will call in aid some foreign
power. The Rronger will imitate her ex
ample, and America become the theatre of
European intrigue, devaluation, and plunder.
Hißory furnishes few instances of any
hation, who for prete6lion, has relied on
another, without facrificing her happiness
and independence. Rome undertook the
protection of Greece, Britain of Portugal
^ndthe minor powers of India, France of
Holland and Switzerland, and Prußii of
Poland and Lithuania. Will the people of
these Rates, inßru&ed as they are by ahe ex
periance of ages, destroy the ark of their
fafty, and descend, from the high eminence
of liberty and independence, to the humble
condition of dependants and vassals of the
powers of Europe ? Will the people of the
weftern country prefer the friendfhip & pro
teaion of France, to their own independance,
andalaftiog connection with the Atlantic
Rates r Will they ele& a friend abroad and
an enemy at home, in preference to a friend
at home, with the chance of an enemy
abroad ?
In many of these dates there is a futplus
capital ; in time of general peace the bound-.
, fs field for action, and enterprize prefent
cl in that country, offers the principal, if not
the sole object worthy of attention^
The eastern dates are highly commercial
art deeply interested in navigation ; their
orn, and the nation's prosperity, require
iueir devotion to these pursuits. To them
I: freights of the rich and increasing pro
<' efts of the Mississippi and her thousand
!ibutary dreams, is of the firft importance.
! : tore an age pafles away the fine timbers,
e fail cloths and the cordage of that country
^d become nec^flary for this navigation,
^ >n that river will be annually distributed
. >greater variety of, and more value in the
lu&s of agriculture, than ever the Wol
. the Danube, or the Rhine, in the mod
• unate year bellowed on the people of
Luiope.
A variety of other arguments in favor of
the perpetuity of the union, present thein
felvcs on a moment's consideration. By dis-
Solving the union and edablifhing Separate
governments, the cxpences of the people
ty il of necessity be doubled, inafmoch as there
™ill be, instead of one, the Support of two
governments.
CheAdantic dates, particularly the eadern
and middle, are nearly replete with popula
lion —Their rising generations require the
wide range of the weftern country for settle
ments.
A Refutation of the Charges againji the present
AJmmiflration, that their views and
measures are hofliie to the
Eastern States.
NO sentiment is more industriously propa
gated by the enemies of the present adminis
tration, than that they are bent on aggran
dizing the fouihern to the impoverishment of
the eastern (fates. However 'groundless the
charge, it is repeated with an effrontery,
truly aftonilhing, that such is the object of
those who administer the government, and
that their measures tyave actually had this
effect. It is in vain that those who make
life of this engine of delusion are called upon
to point out the measures with which they
reproach their opponents. Without attempt
ing to do this, or by fair argument to establish
their position, they Hill do not fuffer any
ioccafion to pass unimproved of extending
the prejudice and reaping its fruits.
It is to the deception produced by this er
roneous impression on the eastern Rates that
a large portion of the opposition to the ad
ministration may be traced ; Virginia, the
people of those Rates are told, is the mistress
of the union. Her will, however unreason
able, is the supreme law ; and viewing with
malignant jealousy her rival, the ft'ate of
Maffachufets, she takes particular delight in
humbling and injuring her.
It is time that this delusion should be dis
sipated, and those who fofter it deprived of
the unmerited confidence reposed in them.
In order the more effectually to invelti
gate this fubjeCt it is proper to take a rapid
"view of the fentiraents of the leading men of
America on the most important concerns of
the uhion, since the era of our national ex
istence.
Prom these, and from tlte southern Rates,
the exports are cflentially different from thofc
of the regions of the weft. No jealousy or
competition in interest can arile between
them ; all will contribute but by different
means, to the general wealth of the nation.
Nor can it be believed that the competition,
which in a limited degree may exilt between
that country and the middle Rates, can ever
create one unfriendly sentiment. No con
sideration could induce the middle Rates to a
reparation. They extend into that country ;
from it is derived no inconsiderable share ot
their importance; —Their geographical situa
tion, and their connections with the people,
afford them the belt chance to secure to them
felvcs its commerce, which at this time they
enjoy almost exclusively. Advantages will
ever be derived from that commerce much
more important than any evils which can
arise from a competition in the articles of
export. Neither can we forget, that trade
is constantly seeking a level, and when the
market becomes overstocked with any article,
it is negleCted, and others referred to, which
promise a better profit.
The interests of the weftern people are
equally evident. Their infant country re
quires the aid of her older filters. The emi
gration of our youth and the unroducin
of our capital are essential to her prosperity
and increafiHg importance. Not left so are
our commerce and navigation. Secluded
from every portion of the ocean, it is impos
sible for that country ever to become a com
mercial or maritime power. While the
atlantic Rates poflefs every advantage for af
firming that character, the people of the
weftern country will always require the aid
of our commerce and maritime Rrength, to
supply their wants, and vend their products,
and preserve their free intercourse with the
Atlantic. Without the aid of the Atlantic
Rates, it will forever be in the power of a
maritime nation to control the navigation of
the Miffi flippi, and exclude the produas of
the weftern country from the world.
Upon these Rates, the people of that coun
try, under any circumstances, will principal
ly depend for the manufactures, eloathing
and luxuries of other countries. Should
they feparafc from them by the impost levi
ed on the goods they will consume, they will
forever contribute to the maintenance of our
wealth and power, while they will wholly
exclude themselves from participating in any
of the benefits resulting from the revenue.
Once established into a dißina and separate
government; their only resort for revenue
will be dire& taxation ; now the impost,
which they must continue to pay, is equal to
the necessities of government; and releases
them from every other contribution. With
men regarding their own or their country's
intereß this tingle confederation must be con
clufive.'
Beloved and happy country ! He who
made thee the asylum of the oppreiled, and
eßablifhed in thy bosom the fan&uary of
freedom, has so diversified his gifts and blend
ed the interests of all, as to make thee im
mortal.
The firft Splendid a& that. Signalized the
American character, and which led the way
to the edablifhment of our national existence,
was the Declaration of Independence. This
a&, throwing offal! connexion with, and all
From the National Intelligencer.
No. I.
The confederation was the firft experi
ment of a fyltem of government made for
the United States. Judging from its effects
in carrying us through an arduous conflict,
we ought not too hastily or indilcriminately
to condemn it. It was certainly a faithful
servant and did its duty. It was probably
the best fyflem that under all the circum-
Rances of the times, could be adopted. It
formed a chain of union fufficientiy strong
for exiting circumstances, while it was gal
culared from its entirely federal charaaer,
to avoid many jealousies and fears which a
more comprehensive and energetic fyltem,
might then have excited.
In the formation and execution of this in
strument, Virginia had a share. She was
never among those who weakened its obliga
tions ; nor were they, who at present ad
minister the government, in the rank of
those who facrificed, or attempted to facri
fice, the general good to local prejudices.
Out of the imperfections of this fyflem, as a
permanent government, sprang the present con
stitution. It is undoubtedly to Urs conftitutim
that America owes much of her fiappinefs. Wu
Virginia backward in the adoption ot those preii
minary measures that Jed the way to its torma
tion, of those measures w hich conduced to its per
fe^tion or to thole which injured its ratification ?
She was fully & ably represented at both the con
ventions ; and her citizens participated as Urge!
in its formation as the citizens of any othar date.
General Wallington was prehdent of the conven
tion that framed it ; and Mr. Madison who now
holds the firft office under the President, was as
a&ive a member as it had. It is not denied that
as much is owing to his talents as to those of any
other member. There were other members who
were also industrious ; but is it afeertained that
they were as induffrious in the formation ot a
fyflem of free government as Mr. Madison? It has
been customary, on this point, to name Mr. Ham
ilton, whose friends boast that he was the mod
distinguished agent in the formation of the confli
tution. But it is, unfoatunately for him, known
from indisputable authority, that he preferred
and actually proposed a fyltem of government
hoflile to every principle of republicanism, and of
consequence at variance with the fundamental
features of our present fyflem. Can it, under
such circumflances, be presumed that a man, who
at heart was attached to a system abfolmely hos
tile to liberty, should be as devoted to a fydem
conflituted to guard it, as he whose opinions have
been always the fame, always devoted to the
great feature^ of a free representative govern
ment ?
But as great merit, perhaps, is due to those-who
by their fnporior talents and zeal insured the a
doption of the conllitntion as to those who fram
ed it. In the performance of this duty other cit
izens were active; but who more active than
Mr. Madison ? We have not forgotten the criti
cal situation in which the deliberations of the Vir
ginia convention placed the ratification. It was
then that Mr. Madison undertook and fuccefslol
ly too, its defence agaihft the overwhelming elo
quence of Patrick Henry.
Mr. Jefferson was then abroad in the service of
his country ; and of consequence he, as veil as
Mr. Adams, also abroad could have no (hare in the
measure. But the sentiment of America, at that
day is emphatically marked. Gen. Washington,
a Virginian, was chosen by the Unanimous fid
rages of his country, her chief Magistrate, and Mr.
Jefferfon was recalled from France to occupy the
firft office in his gift.
It has been said Mr. Jefferfon is no friend to
the conflitution. But did General Wafliington
who was its sincere friend, think so when he be
llowed upon him the firlt office at his difpufition?
dependence upon any foreign power, instan
taneously produced the necessity of union
among the Rates as without union they
would have been unable to preserve internal
tranquilitv, and Rill lets to triumph over
foreign enmity. In this splendid ad, Vir
ginia tock a diltipgu ; fhed lead ; and acquired
a proud pre -eminent e b) the original motion
for independence bring nude by one cf her
delegates, ard the declaration irfeif drawn
up by another.t Fit other Rates co-oper
ated vrith patriotic zeal in the illvßrious
tranfadion. Nor is o intended to bestow
on Virginia any exon t honor ; but the;
circumft'ance is nun^ cto prove that at
that eaily <av the Rood on equal ground with
her filter Rates.
The Declaration of I dependence is an
explicit expohtionc itical principles
of these v ho tran.eJar pported it. Those
principles are a-:_..; p pi rest hat witdem
ha^ ever dtvn.d re foch as exclude all
partial or local cruaTranons, and embrace
alone the general n^.-eh:,
In all the u to cs uideh succeeded
t i menu (able a&, the present chief magif
trato field hi )Ihare ; nor was there a voice
at that day that murmured the lead diflatis
fadion at the services he rendered, or that
quertioned the purity of his motives.
Illußrious in the field, and without a com
petitor, where all are rivals, Rood the great
.Washington, during the whole cf the
revolutionary druggie. He too was a Vir
ginian ; but did his councils dictate a single
medfure whose benefit was local ; or did the
idea ever enter his mind that it became
his own native Rate to assert a fuperiotity of
power over the Imaller members of the u
nion ?
It may then be affirmed that the revolu
tion was effiaed without any maniteftation
on the part of Virginia, of a di'polition to
exercise an undue share of power in the
councils of the Union, and with the bed ev
idences of a desire to establish a fyflem of
government, which should, by its exemption
from local considerations, promise the fair
eft chance of success and duration.
* Richard Henry Lee. t Thomas jfffi'fom
Alexandria, 'June 16.
Late ISR night as the mail Rage w as com
ing from Georgetown to this place, an at
tempt was made by two villains to rob it of
the baggage belonging to the Paflengers.
One of them seized rhe horses and attempted
to flop them, while the other bulled himfelf
in cutting the baggage ropes, but fortunate
ly there happened to be a person in the Rage
who had presence of mind fufficient to call
to the driver for his pistols, at which they
made off" without effecting their purpose.
From the Natchez Herald, May 27.
[OFFICIAL.]
H ; s Excellency Manuel de Salcedo, Gover
nor General of Louifcma, has addrefled to'
Governor Claiborne a letter, of which the
following is a translation.
" Most Excellent Sir, As the smallest
circumstance respecting this important sub- 1
je& is so interfiling to the general Satisfac
tion and tranquilly of our rest e&ive govern
ments, I take the particular pleasure in com
municating to your excellency, that yeflerday
at 12 o'clock, one hoc; after the arrival of
may 4. Lord Whitworth has notified the
French Government, that he shall not tarry in
Parts, after the ph ink. unless he is enabled to
fend ever the CCef Corful's unqualified acceptation
oj the file conditions upon which the armament will
be fufeended, and 'fofree measures delayed.
The press on the river was lad night renew,
ed with great heat.
The exportation of fa!t petre is prohibited.
It appears, that kuflia, will not accept the pro
position of fending troops of Malta.
,Y 5, 1803. The Lord Mayor has just re
ceived the following, directed to him*.
" Downing.ftreet, 8 o'clock. May 5, 1803.
“LordHav kefbury presents his compliments
to the Lord Mayor, and has the honor to ac
quaint his Lordfllip, that the Negotiation be
tween this country and the French Republic is
brought to an amicable conclusion."
„This letter bore all the marks of officiality
His Lordship immediately sent copies of it to
Lloyd's Coffee-Houfe and Stock exchange
The joy of the citizens was outrageous.—The
news flew like lightning. The Stocks, which
before had been at 64, rose rapidly to 71; and
were looking up when the following Meffage'
from the Treasury was received :
“ Tredjury May 5, i o'clock. .
" Sir—l have to acquaint you, that the mes
sage v hich was supposed to have been sent this
morning from Lord Hawk^fbury to the Lord
Mayor,Rating that the negociations with France
had terminated amicably, was a fabrication,
and totally dePittite of truth. J. Sargent."
It isimpeffLie to defcribe'the sensation which
this notice produced. The three per certs.im
mediately Jell to 62. All negociations, made
since the impcfiticn,were declared void : means
were taken to detect rhe forger, and a reward
of SCOO guineas was offered tor the difeovery.
May 6, 1803 AT NIGHT.
Mr. Addington has just declared in the Com
mons, tha 1 he expert Lord Whitworth's re
turn speedily; and that the French Ambassa
dor had applied this morning for passports. He
however, made no other communication ; and
moved, that the Hrufe adjourn to Monday :
when, as he had before intimated, he hoped to
be able to make a:r n n.unication. This mo
tion was opposed by Messrs. Fox, Grey and
Canning ; and supported by Lord Hawe fou
ry, and was not decided when the Courier wag
put to press.
may 5. Mr. King, the American Minister,
had a private audience, and took leave of his
Majesty previously to his leaving this country.
bid the American people think so when their un
divided approbation functioned thr appointment.
During the interehing discussions u hich accom
panied the ratification of the conftirution dif
tausfaCtion was exprefled as to several parrs of it
and the general with appeared in favor of amend
ing its provisions, in order to insure it a more u
nanimous and cordial support. Virginia chose
Mr. Madison a member of the firtt congress.
Tie earliest duty lie imposed upon, himfelf was
the proportion of amendments. With parental
lohcituue he drove, and his efforts wei@ reward
ed with fucctfs to remove the detects w hich ex
ited in the f>ftem. His services merited and
commanded uniitrtal approbation.
Thus was a fjde'm, the basis of union, the
pledge of harmony, the promise of future great
ness, and the guardian of liberty, rendered 'more
tree from tiemilh, and thereby rendered more
worthy of the affectionate attachment and ener
gerc tupport of the nation.
These patriotic hopes were rea!ifed The
mu.mors of diffatisfaCtion subsided, aud the con-
Ititution went into operation amidll the benedict
ions of millions.
If then neare diked who were at that day the
friends of union upon the basis bf rendering im
partial jnllice to all parts <ftiie empire, we may
proudly reply, Mer Jun and MadiJon— There
were other illuhriuus participators; but there
were none who fuipaftd them in pare motives or
active efforts.
Latest Foreign.
+•<+<*,4 fra ,^+».<
LONDON, MAY 3, 1803.
Lad night, in the Commons, Mr. Adding,
ton expressed his hope to be able to lay before
the House fa? communication on the negocia
tion with France, by Monday next, (the'gth.)
In the Navy Department the preparations
for war are cairying on with more vigor than
ever.
Latest by the Mails.
PUBLIUS.