The Republican ledger — Portsmouth, N.H., 1801-11-10 00:00:00, page 2

To the Young Citizens of America.
The good sense which so peculiarly
characterizes the 4 Young Republican Citizens
l of the United States, is a happy omen, that
1 reason, instead of deception, will eventually
' terminate their decision. The author of
these Numbers wou ; d not wiffito impose
on their credulity, but is desirous rather tr
appeal to their judgment. The Young
men, are materially interested in the great
political questions which arrest the atten
tion of the refpeHive individuals within the
United States. Their future prosperity de
pends on the re&itude of their determina
tions, for whilethe aged Patriots are daily
consigned to the tombs oftheir predeceffurs,
the Rifng Generation are to experience the
blessings or misfortunes, attendant on their
public conduA. The Young American is
deeply involved in the consequences result
ing from right or wrong measures. The
direction will either advance his happiness
or involve him in difficulties.; Being thus
interfiled in our political decisions, it is a
duty incumbent on them to read andjudge
for themselves.
The revolutionary events in Europe are
more conne&cJ with their future welfare
than is generally imagined. It is a revolu
tion, on the ifiue of which are suspended the
political and commercial rights of society;
Although it thus involves the fate of ages,
yet the enemies to the real Liberties of the
People, endeavor to inculcate an indiffer
ence in the minds of Young Men, on the
present fubjeapf politics. This apathy is
often excited Sy men, who, from peculiar
good fortune in their speculations are quar
terly fuchled with maternal indulgence, from
the breads of the. Funds, While enjoying
the copious bounties of this pecuniary es
tablilhment, they vehemently^ exclaim a
gainst every investigation of those meafures{
which raised them to their pre-eminent
situation. Such men are desirous to diffi-.
patethe public mind, and artfully attempt :
to make it disputable for a Young Man ,tuj
concern himfelf witb the affairs of Govern-;
rnent. They would confine his refleaions'
within the narrow compass of the counter,|
and endeavor to peffuade him, thgt if h^ is
, capable of feWinga yard of Engiijb broad
cloth, or a f raw pat, sand make a regular!
statement to the Cuttom-Houfe of the du
ties arising on them, his qualifications are;
then fufficiently, adequate to his employmentl
. in life. Thus these people are, zeafoully;
disposed to ttifle the mafytpty^^
and render them subservient tothe ftrata-]
gerds of those who ^rc studying to impose.
on them.* *
By this sale mode of reasoning, an ascen
dancy is acquired over the well-informed
, Young Men in ,the Commercial, Agricul-'
NUMBER forty-five was a popular
publication in England, attached to the ap
pellation of " kPilkes and. Liberly." Not
presuming, however, to render this Number
equally as famous within the United States
—yet, by appropriating it as introduaor,
to the consideration of the Commercial Rights
of a America, 1 flatter myfelf the following
observations will not be wholly unnoticed.
For this purpose, I have ventured to address
Number fort-five.
=^^^^^^!!!!^==^F^!F!^F!!=^
earliest ages, without the lead alteration or
improvement. There is little communica
tion by windows with the streets, for all of
them open into private courts, if an excep
tion, be madi of a latticed window or balco
ny sometimes toward the street.
The (beets are narrow. On entering a
house, a visitor seldom gets farther than a
porch or gate way, with benches on each
lide, where the matter of the house receives
company and tranfa&s business. On extra
ordinary occasions, access may be gained to
a quadrangular court or inner space laying
open to the weather, and commonly paved
so as to carry off the water and family offal.
Rarely or never does the company, even on
'fitch occasions, obtain entrance into one of
the adjoining chambers, but remain in the
open court, which is fomrtimes covered
with a veil or awning. This court is called
the middle of the house, and on occasions of
great parade is cleaned out, and spread with
matts and carpets. This court or area is
generally surrounded with a cloister or collo
nade, over which in high houses there is a
gallery ere&ed with a balluftrade going
round about it. From the Cloister and gal
lery there are doors which conduct to the
chambers or dwelling rooms, which very
rarely have any connexion with each other.
When a father permits any of his married
children to live with him, or when several
persons join in the rent of one house, a sin
gle chamber feryes for a whole family.—
Hence it happens that the Mahometan hous
es and cities swarm with inhabitants, that
nastiness and home-bred infeaion are very
common, and that such vast numbers of peo
ple are always swept away by the plague.
[To be concluded next week.]
PLAIN And INTELLIGIBLE.
From the CHRONILE.
tural and Manufaaoring occupations. A
partial, monied interest are conftdered as
the only proper dire&ors, both in church
and state, and oftentimes the flippancy of
some within the Bar bears down all the
natural good sense of the other prose ffions.
A preponderance of influence is gained in
the community by these faaious means,
while the prominent features of our govern
ment are obliterated, by the modefl diffidence
of thofewho follow the beneficial employ
ments of Commerce, Agriculture arid Man
ufaaures.
Every , private citizen is the guardian.of
his own and his country's honor—it is there
fore a degrading idea, to imagine that the
glory, prosperity and freedom of America,
depend on the boasted wisdom, patriotism,
superior abilities or integrity of any one
class of citizens. The People in their in
dividual capacity, are the joint trustees of
the sacred treasures of the Coriftitutipn.
This is the threshold through ' which the
social compaa was ushered into the Sanhe
drim of the nation ; the firft paragraph an
nounces this authority, by the powerful dec
laration of " We, the People." The
People are not only the ark in which the
rights of Society are deposited, but are the
mount on which they are to rest, .and whoe
ver violates their prerogative, muff exped
to meet the fate of him who sacrilegiously
trespassed on the holy building of old, while
moving under the immediate auspices of the
Supreme Being.— Vox Populi, Vox Dei,
more immediately applies to the American
Republicans.
These are the sentiments which ought to
invigorate every class of American Youth,
as their education entitles them to a full
preponderancy in our political concerns.
They should rife superior to the mere in
fpe&or of an account current, and should
study the principles of the Constitution, as
well as those, Political and Commercial
Rightscontemplated on its adoption. Thus
informed, they would be enabled to speak or
aft ori fubjeas relating to its establishment..
Not that the Young Men should negleß their
private concerns and become ooiflerous politi
cians,, but there is a dignity attached to e
very man's Ration in Society, which should
render him competent to judge on the utili
ty of public measures. It is degrading to an
American, to take every thing on trust, and
even the Young farmer and Tradesman
should scorn to surrender his right of judg
ing either to Lawyers or Priests ; the pro
feffions ought to be duly estimated, but no
man should so humble himfelf as to depend
altogether on their infallibility.
It the Federal Constitution wasavowedly
adopted to enlarge the Commerce of the U~
nited States, the quedion is whether the for-;
render made to the Ehglifh by the Tr^ty,|
was calculated for this purpose ? To deter
mine this point, I (hall compare the senti
ments of our Delegates in Convention, and'
the principles promulgated by the Mer
chants in their Circular Letter, with certain
articles of the Bririfh Treaty. How far
they are analogous will then appear, and
whether the surrender, of our Commercial
Rights in this instrument, will not ultimate
ly have the most baneful operation on eve
ry American citizen.—The principal ob
je& will be, to prove the inconjiflency of
men, in advocating a Treaty, which coun
tera&ed every principle they formerly es
poused.
While considering this fobje&, I shall
not aim at £pufing your passions, but (hall
attempt to convince your judgment. If the
pernicious tendency of, admitting English
fubjeas to an equal participation of our
Trade, was deprecated by the gentlemen
who forwarded the Circular Letter, let me
conjure yon, my young friends, to reflect
whether the con fequenc^s are not now e
qually fatal? If a hawking Briton or Scotch*
man can, by a parsimonious fyltem of living,
undersell you in your importations, how
can you expe& to acquire a competency for
the maintenance of your wives and children,
ip your commercial connection with Bri
tain ;„The late Treaty between Russia and
Sweden is a doc^ea, faftly apropos to this
fy^ax it ex pffly&nlatef, that <c trav{
elfy&perchants^and' bflickers of both nations
foil npl.be fuffexed, but considered as /^ug
glerg\ If this article was neerflary be 7
tween Russia & Sweden, how much more
so between Britain and America ? I will
leave this queftiou to the Circular-Commit
tee of Merchants.
bToilluftrate this question/ I flhall appro
priate a few Numbers to confider the fub
je&. If the Young Men finally fay that my
plea is arroneops, I muff acquiefee in their
•decision. I have mo other obje& than their
interest, for whether John M'Mafters as a
Scotchman or John 801 l as an Englishman
>enjoy equal benefits with American citizens,
in vending British iranufaanres, cannot
essentially affea me. The only quftion is,
whetber_the friends to ,he Treaty, or the
oppofers of it, in the- Old-South Meeting-
House a&d most confident with the Com
^crcialjntcrtf of the country ?
The molt illiberal refleaions have been
thrown on the individuals who dared to
VERMONT ELECTION.
BENNINGTON, (Per.) OCT. ^
From Newbury, 08. 8.
— This day the general assembly convened here.
After assorting and counting the votes for Gover
nor, &c. for the. present year, it appeared that
ISAAC TICHENOR, Esq. was ,elected Gover
nor. PAUL BRIGHAM, Esq. Lt. Governor.
Benjamin Swan, Esq. Treaforer.
Samuel Safford, James Galufha, John Strong,
Wm. Chamberlain, Eb'r. Marwin, Stephen Jacob,
Elijah Robinson, Elisha Allis, Solomon Miller,
Berish Loomis, John White, and Noah Chitten
dep) counfellors.
Amos Marfli, Esq. speaker.,
/ Roswell Hopkins, Esq. secretary.
Thomas Thomas, edgroffing clerk.
John Elliot, Esq. clerl< of aflembly.
Judges, &c. of the connty corirt of the county
of Wyndham—Samuel Knight, chief Judge—Ben
jamin Burty, and Jason Duncan, fide judges.
Sami Fletcher, Iberiff—Dr. John Moses bailiff-
Royal Tyler, date's attorney.
The confutation of the Rate under which we
are now assembled, is happily formed on the prin
ciples of freedom, and has for its ohjeft the in
tereft of the great body of the people: To discov
er this interest will be the object of your delibera
tions : to preserve it, the result of your doings.
Upon the habits and opinions, the principles of
the people, both, civil and religious, republican
governments solely depend ; when the people are
habituated to refpeft the laws and their magis
trates, and aided by the impnlfes of religion, are
attached by political principles to their govern
ment, its administration will prosper, and the
people be happy. But when they are habituated
to view their government as prodigal or oppref
five, to be over jealous of the character and con
duct oftheir magiflrates, and from head princi
ples are induced to vilify or obfiruft its public
atts, and meet no restraint from religious or mo
ral considerations, the government hastens rapid
ly to ruin.
It is theri>highiy important that the general as
sembly, as the ' political fathers of the people,
should endeavor by all candid means, to dired the
public sentiment. To effeft this the legislature
must possess thb confidence of the people. This
gentlemen, you will continue to do, by enabling
wife and beneficial Jaws—by providing the public
expenditures, and enforcing public economy in
governmental expenses—by electing men of abil
ities, worth, and integrity into office—-by incul
cating found morals, and recommending a rever
ence for the great and salutary duties of religion.
The institution of rigorous worship, and the ef
tAblifhment of colleges and academies in this state,
will afford us much assistance. While our youth
are trained up in knowledge and virtue, and the
people practice in aflembling for the purpose of
religious inflruction and devotion, we may ra
tionally hope that good principles will prevail,
and have their happy effe& in til our personal and
public proceedings.
The appointment of civil officers is a n^ceffar,
part of the bbfinefs, which the conftitntibn afligns
to the general assembly, at their annual session;
unfortunately for our country this has become a
oxatter of difeord and party .contention in some
parts of the union.J
It cannot be necessary, and it cannot be expedi
ent, to make that Which the conttitution contem
plates as a,ery ferions and important duty, be
come a ffiafter of party contention or private in.
terelk By avoiding every thing which has the
appearance of partiality, or intolerance in private
and private interest, and by aiming to appoint
those men who are the bed fitted and qualified to
di(charge tire public offices and services ; we pre
serve to ourselves the approbation of our own
minds and give to our fellow citizens complete
evidences that tire principles of con tentlori, of in
tolerance, of individual interest, or of fa&ion ;
but'thofe of candor, of public utility, and nation
al prosperity.
In the trarifatlfbiland management Wfj^iblic
bnfipefs in general, a Cpirit of candor, temperance
and ' prudence, is an essential requifitc. No affairs
of importance - can ever be done to advantage,
when the mind is agitated with intemperate pas
lion, or inflamed by party purpores and pursuits.
In a. Gate therefore fupß ior to fuchinflnences, it
Ihay be preftimed that the, will not be permitted
now to prevail ; but that wisdom, diferetion and
benevolepre, will jnajk all the proceedings bl the
present session.
It is with much fairfaftion I announce to you
the prosperous state qf our finances. The public
debt due on hard money orders has been difeharg.
ed—-a small annual tax will in future be fully ad
equate to meet the expenses of government.
1 cannot omit recommending to your particu
lar attentidfohe llate of-our militia. That brave
and lifeful part of <>uf fellow citizens, on whom
the fare and immediate defence of our country
depends, are greatly &feteutyin military equip
ment—the law on this fubjeft has lain dormant—
and fix years experience has evidenced its inutil
ity—the soldier has found It difficult, if not im
come forward in opposition to jts adoption,
let then the Young Citizens (who are deep
ly inierefted in its operation) judge between
the friends and enemies of this baneful and
derogatory instrument.
I am aware of the artful plea made by
some of the Anglo-Federaldts, that as the
, Treaty is made, it is needless to remark on
its inutility. This, however, is but a poor
confutation ; it is proper that we Should
know the lolly of our conduct, everrif we
cannot immediately remedy the evil. It
serves at lealt to bring to remembrance the.
(trolling Sreet-Commiuee, with their pen,
ink arid paper, threatening 'every one with
vengeance who would not Submit to their
insolent demands. It will Serve to make
the Young Men cautious how far they trust
to those who have thus grof sly deceived
them.
GOVERNOR'S SPEECH.
Gent'n of the Council, and
Gent'n of the HouJe of Reprefentatires,
IN a date regulated,in its expenditures by the
drifted regimen of economy, the public approba
tion mud be the principal reward of its magist
rates. That I have the honor of addreffieg you
again, as your chief magidrate, evinces the con
fiderance of the freemen for my pad condu&, and
urges to active and zealous pursuit of their bed
welfare.'
OLD-SOUTH.
' By Iff Evening's Mail.
._,<fos«^ >->•->• —
BOSTON, NOP. ~
LATE FOREIGN NEIFS.
We are at lengtiienabled to lay befcre our read
ers lomethingin the line of news, that will be 1
thought of much interest and importance. The
The dates are from London to the igtKof Sept,
received at Charleston, by the Two Friends,
Capt. M'Neill, from Cowes ; from which we
learn, "that the negociation between England
and France was nearly broken off, and that Mr.
ADDINGTON had retigned his situation as
Prime Minister, and Mr. PITT was again to
regime the reins of Government. Tbe invasion
of England occupied feribus attention, and tl*
* Duke of York and other officers had been sent
to Aifferent parts of the coafi to expedite the'
general preparation to repel an attack. The
French were making preparations with unabat
jng vigour, by marching numerous bodies, of
troops and artillery from the Ulterior to the
coalls. Lord Nelson had again failed from the
Downs with a formidable force for Bologne,
in conference of jpe flotilla of that plac^ tav.
ing got into the outer harbor. /
Buonaparte, it is said; "demanded) as a preliminary
' to the negociatiun, that Great Britain should
give up all the colonial pofleffons captured
.from France and her allies; : „
Prussia is striving to revive the armed neutrality
of the no'rth, or at least to embroil Great Brit
aid again on tirar fobjeß. The Emperor of
Russia has in vain tffodeavored to get Prussia to'
Accede to the new Ruffian treaty of the 17th
June last. Sweden is highly diffatitfed with it ^
and Denmark witimeld her approbation.
Be!grdde, the bulwark of the Ttirkilh empire, has
been taken by a corps of JennifTaries under the
command of the leaders in the fervige of Pdfla
wan Oglbu. This important event has produce
yd the gr&teft consternation at Vienna, inaf.
much a&tTrts bold and intrepid rebel has it now,
hi his jxiwertb threaten Vienna. Com, Gaz.
Lieutenant Steritt', itt tike schooner Enterprize,
of 12 guns,' ,0 men, fell in «ith one of the Trjpq.
Item Cruiteri, off the island of M>lta. She mount
ed 14 guns and 80 men. He took her after an ac
tion of ttiree hours, killed 2g of her men and
wounded- 30. Not a 'man hurt on board ttie
fchooher.—The Bey VCrtiifers have not taken a
ny of our merdiin: vafTels as yet.
practicable, to comply with it, and the effeers,
(enable of this, have omitted to choice it. Whe
ther it would be pepper to put chafe aims for thei/
use, or by encouraging the manufacturing of arms
in this date, thereby afford the militia an oppor
tunity of equipping themfelvcs, is worthy your
consideration.: Field artillery is of indifpenfible
use in modern taftics—and in aimed all cur lif
ter dates, provided at the expense of govern
ment. Iwo field pieces to each brigade would
not be dxpenlive or butthenfome in <>ur date of
prosperity. A tax c, such a beneficial intent
would be cheerfull, Submitted to by all clades of
people—they,would' feel virtuous pride in, cher
ishing that military zeal which has hitherto ani
mated the militia of this date. Surely the public
treasure cannot be better expended than for na
tional defence, Assuredly the brave, hardy mi|i
litia of Vermont have merited the patronage of
their country, as highly as any soldiers in the
Union.
A letter from the Governor of the state of Ma
ryland, covering certain refutations of that date
as well as some other {objects of lesser import,
will be communicated by a special m< flage.'
It is not barely to the limits of this state, that
our political duties are confined ; they extended
much farther, and have relation to the whole of
the federal union. Happy in our own date by
enjoying a republican form of government, it is
another and important branch of our political
trust, that we are connected with the other free
dates of America, by a federal couftitution, mu
tually guaranteeing to each other,and to the whole
protection and defence ; our duty to the federal
government does not depend on names, persons
or political didinftion+leaft cf aM, dries it de
pend on having the other dates uniting with u s
in the election of any particular person to be pre
sident of the U. States. Whoever holds that im
portant office, by constitutional appointment and
authority, is juffly appointed to all the refpett
and obedience which the confutation and laws
have attached to the office—and that which in fie
federal fydem, is to be revered and obeyed, is not
any particular name oropinion, but national con
stitutional authority—there cannot therefore be a
doubt, but it is our duty to support the federal
union, to obey the federal laws, and to do all in
our power to support and preserve the best and
t a ?' e ß political production of the.laft century—-
the constitution and government of the U. States.
As increase of population, is one of the ac
knowledged crinerioßS of the increasing prosperi
ty of a people, I cannot refrain frpm congratu
lating you upon the great and rapid increase of
our citizens, since the bd census. This will pro
bably call for a new appointment of representa
tives from this date to the Congrcfi of the United
States : and at'the next annual session of tlris as
sembly it may be necessary to didrift the flare
anew, for the ele&iop of a requisite , number of
representatives.; At the present session it may be
also expedient to repeal the aft directing the
eleftion of members for Congress, to be holden
in the month of September next, and to adopt
such measures as (hall render an extraordinary
session of the Legislature for this purpose unrecef
fary.",,
Report fays that Daniel Dyar, a republican^ ^
appointed a judge of the county court of Rut
land, in the room of'Jonas Safford, federal.
Aifo that William Slade, of Cornwall a repub
lican, Sheriff of Addifrin county, in the room of
John Chipman, federalist. Likewise that Henry
Olin, and Abraham Dibble, republicans, judges of
the county court in the room of two federalists.
Stephen R. Bradley, is elected Senator of the
U. S. in the room of Elijah Paine, appointed dif
tri3judge. . .
A' letter from Newbury mentions, that Israel
Smith, our present reprefenfative to Congress, is
appointed chief judge of the SupremcCourt.Roy
al Tyler and Stephen Jacob fide judges.
Richard Skinner, dates attorney of Bennington
county.—republican.'
I Shall be ready to Cncnr with you gentlemen,
in any measures of public utility—arid humbly rely
on a superintending providence, that all our hon
ed endeavors for the public good may be crowned
with success.
ISAAC TICHENOR.