The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. — Washington City [D.C.], 1806-06-20 00:00:00, page 2

Iy review ofthe conduct ofG.
•j, intended to illustrate
I of prudence, interest and jus- j
r the United States.
motive* of tins review are the
iC maintenance ol' the rights and :
U.S. and the exemption ,
n nature from the < v : .U of war, '
:ord. The "■* of j
Europe cries f> distant A me- !
•e*er*oc your peace, it is law- !
--and it is right worthy j
1 to truth and reason, in a calm i
:n of mutual rights and j
vee-nthe two governments and i
tfcessary for G. Brf>ain (
, that superiority of num
as a :
its far greater I
-hat superiority at sea
- else the CJ. o. -
'v America, (where J
y) greater than ;
. huh gOVt
■ tr, that the conduct of;
D I towards that go- \
it, gives it no rights against .ai
ig neutral p>wer.
y of measures t ike
staU: fo':; its own interest, which j
[en by toe l iw of n itiona, ■
just cause of c&mplaint, or of j
or of rupture,
irigerent power can rostly com-;
a neutral for .:-. in
tral*#witercourse * »th an eotmy,
, Kiiei
:s in his owi with
itral—and \.ith tha enemy hirn
premising these clear and just
s, an attempt will be made to
aim and correct review of
d circumstances in tlu* history
Dnduct of G. Britain to
, during the last fourteen years.
i animate the American t
to a perseverance in right, and
ule our British friends from all
is of wrc
hail oomniei.ee this review with
1732 On the I.sth Of
«;r of th t early rear, while the
larkime w >rhl wis in \
ernmentofG. Britain, aftef for
•oclamatioa, detam-.d in their
li neutral vessels laden with
id Other goods, contrary to the
-lions,in viol ttiun of an exist'
tv, and contrary to their own
lal J la
cdnttftencesietit of these
jate detentions of American and
eotril vessels in the ports of]
1, oc before the French disclara
war in Feb. 1793, the British I
led to Capture neutral vessels I
bound to France—thus actuaii/ block
ading a whole empire without previous
notice to the neutrals, and while hnj
-I;.ud and Fnnce were not a. war —a
net toward the neutrals novel, tx
| d unwarrantable.
, the 25th cf March 1793 (about 50
r France declared war against j
land) the British government form
treaty with a neutral tta:e, which
i per vided that nczi
: d be captured by both of
■lawful and injurious
extent of U-e British order of the king
d ofthe Bth June 179.3.f The
contract made b/ G. Britain with the
neutral power is explained by the words
■iy that power in it=. communica
tion with the c-oii't of Sweden in July i
17*93. It was therein declared that she
and his Britannic majesty hud agreed j
<' to stop all neutral ship.-, bound to or |
freighted tor Frassce and to compel them j
either to sail buck or enter some neutral !
harbor." Heiv then we li.id that the go- .
vemtnent of G. Britain had determined i
lad engaged even to prevent a neutral j
ist from going into any of the i
it: , of France though without a cargo
plies, and thoughthesole purpose* j
' the neutral might be to bring away j
;duce or manufactur -ice, i
• the produce ot the neutral count,
for sJe 00 neutral ac- I
, tJl! t • French ware-houses. Aj
Prujisian ship bound ti H mtes \
baltatt, ond intending to cur- away j
-a. provided cargo of Arociic.n wli .ie i
ban , Oils, rum, rice, tobacco and cot- |
ten, wis according to this explanation j
of t.i<; treat;, hy Kossta to be s'ofit by j
j-n unlawf 1 act ci compelled
cto Sweden, or to enter some
A p at, uoprovtdcd Wuh funds,
return cargo. Such was the j
Inch Great Britain formally pro-;
[in 1."92, to make oi heraufiertort'
seal for the British negotiations j
for this stipulation apmroeucu-a in that i
y ;ir> and the death of tiie j
-jp. .is XVI. in 1793, or the [
itionot war, in that same
Great }'• only committed this
inrooi upoTi neutral i
she induced -nioit Kinsia, Pru-.sii, A
tria a>» I ifpairlj drew in Holland, and
attempted to coerce Denmark. Thus J
v ,. *r that Great Isriuin Ins j
from a time prior to her war oi li
-■fith. France, esed all brfei in
n kouaiion, and her ■ <i ut sea
* f) oo all neutr.:. er ,
i Thai ihe government admitted their
conduct towards America an other
he contrary to all
d,by their applying
tturefbr an i
indemnity.
f This Eord Grrnviile avowed :o j
cur minister Mr. T. Finckney. j
GTON CITY*
JUNE 30.
COMMUNICATION.
Iv the year 1797, a proclamation of
; the most extraordinary and extrav
nature, as it regarded neutrals, •
tued by Sir Horatio Nelson, woo was
afterwards Lord Kelson. it op.ns
j thus : " li. I the Unpro
td War made by his Catholic M,
against Gieat-l;ritain, it is found right
th it Spain shall no longer have scuy
trade, it proceeds to announce,
no neutral vessel is thereafter lobe suf*
to enter or leave the port of Ga
, diz witiioui f.ernutision, and that
.ut Cadiz i» to be considered ,
I f-eaeaful anJ jns*, the s.nsperis*i-*n <
most important Bfrancfc cf their ordinary i
and rightful navigation, the prevention I i
of the sales of their crop*, natur-tj
ns, fishery, goods and stn p' ■•
j foreign commodities, the i iteri
! their foreign supplies, and of theireon*- | ■
{■mercfgl revenues- am' public credit. To J
admit the legality of such measures, ji
would be to consent to undermine the
merchants, fishermen, ma-;
I rine-rs, manufacturers, farmers and plan
| Urra. It will be observed, that tb«* first
' gi"«at operations against neutral com-
I merce and rights, in 1792, and before ■
.:tiy 1793, were not justifiable by
j rmy notions of the rights of Grer.t ori
' tain, as a belligerent power, for Vie was ,
j not at war. Nor were they justifiable j
!cm the plea of necessity, for she was
f a prospermia and powerful neutral,
j best with a measure of Divine bounties,
! Mil and heaped and running over, j
| There was no pretence then, of " w:;r j
!in disguise :" for theneutrals coul
j aid France in vv
\ they were in mute d peace, and when
\Fr mcc anxiously desired that peace to
-' continue.
■veral British orders of the
j king and council of June and Novei
; 1793, an lor May 1795, alter Mr.
; treat.-, vr.re m
I and of the same character of i ;
i mate injury to neutral commerce and
hts.
eminent and very respectable
| Count Bernstorf, declare .on the
part of Ir. Nt, that it
was a breach of neutrality tosan
! this conduct of Great-Britain. In
i year 17"53, Mi 1 . Drake, the English nii
: lii.ter to Genoa, : clared in an -~
iter in deportment to
j i'Yai.ce, v. criminal: *.nd Lord
; H irvey, in like farm at the
sny, that Its neutrality
was to be guided so as tq «lews
of the British side in the war. Xc- ad
ded too, that the British would act on
•j ival
of a great ff< et of herself and aa illy—
' that is, aa seof] as Tuscan commerce .r.d
bombardablc to ns and foitiiic
could itir. contact with British
superiority at. iea. 'i'iie agricul
th manufactor**, aftd the commerce of
neutral Tuscany were suspen ied. ' > mor
right to all thes- frmn I I Hea
ven itfcd earth were prostrated I
elujt, without a shadow ct color of "ne
agai.ist all law, by the
'sh superiority at sea. To.'
the sovereign of Tuscany a correct and
very nru'ral, th**y forced him into
war agaiii'-t r r*oc-*, giving to F:
Prussia a memorable fireredmt for
their recent measure of lorcmg the
Hanse Towns and other European neu
trals into a war against British ntanafacr
tun
The ore'er <v the British King and
council., of the Bth November, 1793,
directed tke c fpture of aL neutral ships,
with the produce of the French Colonies
' on board, or provisions or dry goo'di,
and other supplies for the Use ot those
colonies,, The orders of June
i against European France then rein iin
iag in force, and this orderofNo
bcr 1795, applying to all their trans ma
. rine dominion's, hire was a stroke af
f ctmg the universal blockade of aTi'im
, mense «rnpir*e~*ia every sea—in every j
quarter ofthe —near to many p ll'ts
, of which not a sfngle *hip of Great Bn
■ 1 tain was to be seen. Silks and ola?
,' pleasure carriages and "carfiagi
guns: victuals U. poisons: poWdi
, the hair and powder for cun;.*:i were all
• involved in one indiscriminate s izure,
iffsund in the possession cf a neutral,
. though it is notorious that British ships
from British free ports have been al
lowed to carry many of the same goods
, to the porta ot their enemice, w-a-ich ttfey
were pretending to tr/'cuvJiir to reduce.
{ This tremendous order ot blockade d«*
1 however m one essential point
j from all those f_ct3, to which it v
■ deavoreu to be assimilated. Blockades I
i are always manfully proclaimed to th*
I neutral v . formally comrnuni
, ! cated to the proper officers of tli
Jtr 1 gcrei Rut the order of the .
I kings Nov r.ibcr 1783, was ;
| studiously and effectually conceal
, | our ships, our teamen and our property j
i were found under the muzzles ot tin ir !
cannon on the Iree ocean. Then 1
• first time the British pretension to this
: property of the unsuspecting neutrals
i was produced. It was found perfectly
I right, lor Great-Britaiu had the sapc
| riority at sea. A dignified and upright j
i government, md a mot al and religious
j nation might blush for an illegitimate ,
j act of oppression so deliberately,
j cretly conducted against neutrals, for a
J trade which th* y oft. n permit th, ir own
'■ merchants to pursue. The treaties with
several of the neutral powers require
a proclamation anti notice of blockade.
! Puolic faith was therefor with
out scruple, for as the French admitted !
j the neutrals to much trade with their
lies, arid the pretence of a n.
wur trad" is thereby obviated tv many |
, nothing but the b rinci
! pie cm apply, borne neutral? had ge- j
I,cured, by treaty with England, the right
to protect enemies property in their
ships. But the paper treaty was
j mitt its stipulations violated by one side,
! without prettsoce «t right or of necvH- ,
sit), or nuy other reason but superiority
I at sea.
' as a blockaded Ito pretence cf a
ry nature is held forth, but it It
e-'ution of the- ioea that Cireat-liri- ! .
//', that Spain shall |
•no longer have any trade. Never,!)'-;
r:": t'.'.is unwarranted act of admiral
Kelson, di I nment at
to cut up the Whole commerce of
Ot, ion cent and fri
tral-* witii a whole empire for a re.i-on,
r.ot relative to an investment, but be
-1 cause a commercial monopolist bad found
it right, that a whdlt enemy people
't no longer have any trade. All
good and prudent men v-iil acknowledge
ar.d admit the palpable and a' solute, il
. legitimacy of this act of the principal
character of the British navy. 'Tis a
decree, by its terms, perpetual in its
duration. Spain is no longer to have
any trade! The rights of neutrals to
go into or come out of her port*, is to
;be at the pleasure of an Evglieh <f,V •i.
I The proceeding )■< perfectly arbitrary,
I absolutely mdawfjl, and consummately
otic. There is not even a pretence
■ ! of necessity. There cd»M be none, for
it-Britain was stronget"Hi every de
pait.n-nt than Spain. A reason for an
important blockade (cutting up aH neu
tral rights in that trade) on a principle
of blockade unfounded in public law
and ug-inst reason, was publicly given
in writing, as if a British admiral or a
Brit; ry could make new rules
igindep ■relent nations. Great-Bri
tain asmimed upon this occasion to be the
sole legislator of the world upon the o-
Cfan. She cut lip oorimportaiit carri
age an i Kales of flowir and grain,, f ".'.I and
mis, rice and nav.t-1 store*, Bc<-.. kc. and
our ?astreturns in wines, brandies, salt,
fruit, without the slightest apology,
i Or any plea, but thotft was found right
that Spain sh; i I ! ho longer hare
trade! It i.s HidisputkbTy rucessary.
, that a»surf-ipti"rts of power ko imrn
■i. so ruinous to our nav'ga
. tion, so injnrious to-our creps nuriflshe
should hare an end. We maybe
. and reas&nablt, but we cannot
take law—r.in us !iw from a power,
merely because it superior at sea.
; It in a remarkable and impressive.
i factm the h- he British in.
f roads upon our neutral rights of trade,
.' that dy exempted Denrarfrk
-ii in her orders of King and
. Counrilof Jani I,which subject
to seiaurc all American home-ward
from the French) .->•.
• and . In re whs an <■/■
• ample; of v peculiar severity of dtaposi
i *)■>,* and - f injury to >mr trade,
> though we were by treaty to be equally
; favored with any other nation, and
• though 'ye certainly consume ■ ■
. year moi-f Bnrish nsahufacturet than
Denmark and Sweden together do in
Heaven forgive the iriurcd
American, who might have thought the
[ British administration of that time de
, signed to oppress the U. S. There
id be no viol tion of British tights,
s as a belligerent power., it the Dane sand
f Swedes might do that from which they
, demanded that we should re.fr dn * nei
ther ciuld they adopt this rigorous or
. eh r towards America, because it was
. " necessary," for that necessity would
. have included the numerous vetseit of
- Denmark £c Sweden. The minister, who
. | laid this an&t American ord< r on the
,• j council board, must have still consider
,'edus as British cclonie*, which enjoy
. ing the blessing, of their superior
■ sea, were bound to pay a few millions
{ towards its support. There is some>
f tiling peculiarly urisati .fact .ry in this
1 act of injustice pointed against us alone, '.
tor there are in fact no other neutrals,
? whodrry on those trades but those who
, were expressly excepted, and cursclves.
. Britain had no right to aim a blow* and
5 so illegitimate a Ulpw, at our single na
tion, nor could she hate been under any
necessity to manifest so unjust and so
. offensive a partiality indhkindness.
I Sch is truly the manner in which
. the government of Great Britain has
s'• conducted itself towards the American
other neutral trade, from Its origin*
. al suspensions, detentions, and captures
. in 1792 and 1793, before its war with
. trie French republiton the Ist of Fe
, | bruary of the later year, and through
[ : the twelve subsequent yei)rs, until tne '
. j last meeting of the American Congress
.j in the autumn of 1805. This review j
leen made with an intention to draw !
. the early and continued acts oi ('*. i
i I the real motives with which she* j
now unfortunately seems to puisne,
, more extreme and more injurious raea- ■
• sures on the pleas of a dv iious regula
, i ity, of form md of necessity. A iv- ,
. tuie piper will offer some remarks up- |
.| on the in unentous state of thing) at
, tms juncture. The U. S. cannot omit !
to promote., .support and protect its a-j
griculture and us fisheries. The pro
duce of theertli and the COOimO
drawn from the water must be trans
ported to the markets of the world, or .
' wt must consume or mapufveture iht-m *t .
home. 1 . superiority at sea
gives not a color or a shadow of right
to shut on" market f< r our produce a
' broad. But our common and most oene
: ficent Creator has given vs the right lie j
the [lower to count'-reo.il all future il
ttmate obstructions to tiie sales of our
productions by any one nation, by w.-e
modlfic itlons of cur political economy
and exterior relations u.i:ier the auspi
ces ot our legislative and executive go*
vi:i.iiiicnt That temper and wisdom
and justice may prevail, w« mu>.t s.ir
vy, with candor mi it, the his- j
tory of neutral from tiie year
3792. If tins be done, principles which
nolhiiig can justify, , the
I wronged which no hing i luate,
i will-be discovered, if these shall b< re
jected, and discontinued, the two nations
vet have much convenient, and pr**»*»
titame Intcrcon se. Bat if, in a fatal
vbe thrown aside, and
. and justice be violated by mure
extended operations on illegitimate
principles ta the haaard of oar com-j
mere*, of cur revenue, rf our supplies,
an! cf our agriculture, these much in
: jurea States v/i'l reiy, unde* Meavtß, j
'.hip "and commerce of
' wiser and kinder nations, and itftoH
i',, ir own ■ ! J prod."
consumption mnd
* Prithee, oaunodore, was not thi3 j
fetch about the word Mediterranean j
,an af.er thought : And was not the j
■ artifice fugged-.i to you, by a certain
I dtxtarous coirefpondcat i j
—-w <:■>*>> •»— —
CASE 017 COMMODORE TRUX
TON, )
(coxtiKUKn .J
Com. Truxton baa, Hated, that, hy I
hi* letter of March Sd, 1802, however (
the language of it may be, he, in fa&,
did not intend to quit the fervice. To
this point then as to h»> intention the
remade* of this paper will be principally
confined*. And it will, 3 trull, thence
be manifeft, that he not only did in ex
prefs language tender bis refignation,
but that Inch alto was actually his real
intention. J
From his printed vindication, it ap
pears, that he has b-en invariably and
imrr.oveably fixed in the opinion that
the prtf-nt Secretary of the navy was
from the beginning determined upon
disgracing him, in order thereby to
force him to quit the fervice. And for
this opinion,as profound as ir. is libe
ral, be has gravely afugned this very
•fagacious re-rfon, via. that he Thomas
'IVuxtun, had gained iuch prodigious
raowii in figh ing the French '. ! How
ever this kind of reasoning may appear
to othcr-undef (landings, the idea bud
fo fahVnrd'i frlf upon his imagination,
that it bad beguiled him into the per
fuafion that.di the fleps taken by the
Secretary of the N..vy in relation to
bis command ofthe Mediterranean fcpia
dron were with a view*to d'igrace him,
and thus to force him to hi-;'* the ser
v cc. May it not then be faiily pre
fumed, that, to avoid tiiis difgiace, .
which at the time of writing bts letter
of March 2d. lutu he imagined was
accumulating- he had refolved to refigh-j |
and that under the'impuliV. of fuch re I
folution be had written tuat letter, and
that therefore his real intention then
was, as ii therein exprelfed, a resigna
tion.
Com. Truxtun, in his letter of
Marcli 3, 1 802, declared to the govern. ;
menu—" If this cannot be done (indu
ing the letting him have, as Dale had,
a captain) I mufl quit the fervice "
" "fa quit the service" >s a technical
appropriate phrafe, and oi the fame
import a', to refigri a commifiion. It
M nt t only the actoftorrti ige of
Navy officers ; ut it Is perfc&ly fa
miliar to ;,U pii'-.n, H„niv t i. It is
indeed admitted in this feiifis by the
commodore hiufi If in his deience. For
from a confeioufnefa of the true mean
ing of the lan.uageof bis 'fetter, he
bas, Sfs his only reflige, bec-rded the
auVrtibti, that the word *•' Mcdi i-ra
negn before the word fervice" had ficin
fome overlight been orriiite by him.
3y inferiing then the word, thus nl
d to have been o.aitted commo
cl.re Truxton would appear to havi
dared to the government, that he mult
quit the Mediterranean fervice-—th.it is
— tiiat he muff frhrfe to perform the
p rtc-.l r fervice to which h had been
fprchlly ordr rc.o —ili„t be mull in o
ther words, difobey a militarj order of
his government. Without Hopping to
inquire whether this magical word ftfe*
diterrar.ean had really beeu forgotten, I
will proceed to fla c, and ..Ii niHiiary
gentlemen will go wi'-h me in the- fbte
nii-nt, that no point of diftipline is bet
tef fettled thai! that when an officer |
ha« received fV»m bis governfticnt an !
order to perform any particular fervice,
fuel. y.d. And al
though the officer Should conceive that ]
hi:-, i ink cr any other ellc-mial right had
IKK been duly refpe-cded, yet his only al
j tenutive, even iv ftti h Cafe, is an oh/di
e c of .the order, or a tchdtr of his re.
Ggnation. From tire general fenrice of
| his country, by resigninghis conimiffion,
!an officer of the Navy may under spe-
I cial circumstances withdraw ; but f om
j a particular fervice to which he h?J
bt-en oidercd by his government lie can
| not at his option withdraw, and at the
fame time hold hii cojninissi.n. This
j difliiiclitfii is well known to ail military
gentlemen of correct habits, it is obvi- :
I ous to common f.-.nfe and it ii confirm |
led by univeifal experience. Who then i
can imagine that commodore J'riixtun
in writing hi* letter ol March 2, 11> •«,
lia'. not adverted to this palpviblc diflinc*
tion ? And without imagining fuch an j
abfurdity, how are we to believe that '
by that letter lie did not a-tualJy intend
according to its expiviuons a reiigtia* ]
. tion ?
l'he anfwer of the of the I
Navy to com. Truxtnn'.i letter bfl
March 3, is- 2 cleaily flic-wed 1 to him, j
beyond th'- porUbi ity of a dqubt that :
the govcinmcut h«s confldered his let- ■
tc r un an intend d reuguation- With
this undrrflanding then of his inten
tion fe}' the government, thus conveyed
to rum, how aie we to imagine it was
not duly noticed by him ? And I,
noticed, how are we to confider ids an
fwerof cVI rch 21, 1802, bUt as an
: acquiefcencein fitch uiiderßafidin
, the government ? To anfwer even in j
' part ilit'f. .">.r!i,i:; .-• .r" its the genius
of the cnnimbdore, a* Ito tile as it is en
j terpri/io;-, . f o him the ex
pediency of'adven tiring ihc iiiTertion,
that the Si i•■■«■ ity i>f the* Navy in his
; letter of [viarth 13,1802, had alio
\ s-me h-w cr ether omitted the word
1 Mediterratu in. So that to vamp up
| his marvellous tale as to his
we are to b, tiaufported to fome fairy*
; land, and there we are to be wheedled
. into the fanciful fuppcfition, that in
; a grave official coirefpondence upon a
j fhbjeft of moment not only the com.
modore had forgotten and omitted an.
uil-important word, but that the Secre
tary of the Navy in hii anfwer had alfo
fame how or other forgotten and
' omitted the identical fame word. Such
arrant nonfenfr merits not a ferious re
. mark; 'J he anfwer of tiie government
: being an acceptance of a reiignation,
if Coin. Truxtun bad not intended his
letter as a reiignation, would he not at
once have had an official explanation
with the Sec ret;, ryot the Navy V Would
he not without delay have font to the
a letter of cckdrciflVnient ?
Would he, 'iuftead of Inch a letter of
explanation and concil ation, have Tent,
as lie did, one full of indecorous defi
ance and the riideTt infoiciHc ? If, as
ne now pretends, be did then 'confider
himfelf, an o'ffieer of the navy, would
he have been fo unmindful of his duty,
as to h ye n fed in ah official letter to
the Navy Department fiich grefs and
reprehensible expreiTmns of the Prefi.
dent I
In confirmation, beyond a doubt;, of
the .orrcctnefi of thefe observations the
attention of the public is ipccially call
ed to the following extract of a letter
j from (Join. Truxton to the Navy J)e
--! partrnent dated Norfolk, March '28-,
Hoi*
« Sir,
" I have the unpleafant tafk of ea
'" dofilig you a tetter frofn Lieutenant
«-v oh a fubject truly difagree'a*
"hie. Being out of stvice I can
i** take noxognixanee of its contents—
* therefore fend it to you "
| To this ic't there be fuperadded the
followingexfracT: from Com. Trtrxtoh'e
ar.fwei of Maic'li '22, 1802 to the Se
cretary.; letter 'accepting his rcfignatiorr,
" But I inufl remark 'that 'the c-di
" reception of the Prudent at Wafh
'• ingtoh and the conduct I met thera
'< (unneceiTury to mention here) wa*
" far from inducing me to believe 'that
" the appointment I held was congemal
** Co the feelings of Mr. J-fT-rfyn."
And tb-r-n lot it be affc d D..es Com.
T'uxtun again prop 'ft* v.i'loroufty to
affert t at here atfd he had (bin? how or
other in both thefe cafes forgotten and
omitted the Word Mediterranean—
before the word s vike in the one and
before the word ppo ntmen in the other
letf-r ? <h- wlut in tin name ol decen
cy does he mean to eh. ? After the
fliipwre-ck of all Ins a'flertib&i and all his
p Incipl s, where is the plank upon which
he expects to get in re port ? Alas J MilnS
r ibl: man ! there; U not one within his
reach! Sinking as ne is, be is catching
at the draw— hat by his letter of
March 3, >S 2 lie meant a re filiation,
hot it* 'toto but only pro tcntc.
E>s im '.:n.a;i:, atifku
I To be continued.}
• .Stad Hvdder departed this life
,on the Stb mat, at Brunswick, in the
58th year of hta age. His successor
.;ent ofthe Principality
of Nu'is iv Orange is the hereditary
, uud reigning Prmcc of Fulda.
'l uf.su ay, April 1.
The into consideration
the report of tin- (< .inmittee oi tin* whole
lor the following resolution offered oy
: Mr. 3. Randolph.
Resolved) I'hit the union of a plural
ity oI oti'io.o, in the person of a single in*
■ l, bat more especially of the ir.i
---j litai y With tut- civil authority, is repug
nant to the spirit cf the con litution of
| the If. S. aad tends to the. introducing
j of an arbitrary government.
) MA, Bil aid he would very
| couch nis reasons for votinga
; gainst this resolution. It declares tint
'* tne union oi a plurality of offices in
the person of a single individual, but
nu>re especially of the military with the
civil authority*is repugnant to the* spi
the constitution of the U. S. and
re introducing of an abi I
government;" It appcared\to himth.t
tois was not a correct declaration.
ilf the constitution itself be referred
'it will appear-that it reoogaizea an uni
on oi civil and military officers in the
same person. Such an union is to be
foau liv the firwt magistrate of the U.
S. wh i exercises the highest executive
i civil liuici■ i, at the same time
com; . i in fi f the army
white in actual
| servU* •. Toe s .roc principle pervade*!
iiO'Ved, Ot c
' st i o. civil
j and miltl.lry ;• n several el
rafts. Ti.is
d, in cer
e charge sj
On Monday the 12th ult. two ofthe
United Si outs passed safely
I over the falls of the Ohio.
BOUSK O'e' it ti /» II E & U.hVAIIVHi.
CONGRESS.