Alexandria daily advertiser — Alexandria [Va.], 1804-11-22 00:00:00, page 2

M London Superfinc
_ and {CCORd Cloths, 1
sisflﬄ mere-, frizessi'
Gpatings, Bearikins,
sisiP-hins, Surgcsctzc Flan.
. nels, .
ctsiMolc Skin. Toilencttsisi
siSwansdOwn, and Mar.
_ A scils,
"."Vclvct, Constimtion,
* Hunting, and Senna,.
Cards,
add"; {,- Isish Linen,
Shimng Cottdn,lcng
Lawn, --
Estapaloes, Britannias
"White, and'si Brown, '
ssss-ssPlanillas,
'" Creas, Dowlas, Tick
_. ;]eobmgsz " s
-si*_Osanburga and Hcs.
'* shoe,
VVorsted, Cotccsim, &
"'Silk Hofiery, " '
- Rose, anl _-Dnsscll
Blankets, _
Chintz's, Cahcocs, sizz
Colosed Cambrics,
do. do. Fufnirure, [
Mdics Pncnt Cloth ]
isiValuable'Landsshnd'Mzsi/l Scatfor 1
' ss Sal-2. , 1
.In pursuance of a Decrce ssos*-Fairsax !
sisConnty Court," yassed. attheir last semon ; I win ]
positively sell on the premises, on 'Ehursday, the
30th of Dec. out, at 11 o'clock for the putposcs ,
in the said dectee mentioned. The met ot land, (
- on which'the as!!! of James and Danielss-Douglass ]
"lately stood in'Faittax county, near the mouth !
ss-sios Difficult Cteek, together with what remains i
"of the (and thin. It contains no acves by sur. s
. sey. _ The-seat has aiwaysss been considered as a
" -vaulassb]sie (me; it is about one mile below the
..Gr'elsi'f'l'alla, andant more than half a mile sro-mss
jthe'siPotomacqssss The'ﬂream'is large and conﬂant ]
—sisigfording ; good (apply of—water at a}! seasons.
f-sssisiT-he imptovcmenta which still remain are a gocd ss
Fdwclhng house, kitchen and coopers shop, and
Ttsizct'tsibesc ate also severat lots well improved and in
"ctctfctsift high state of culiimtion. One third of the 1
amour,: of the purchase must be paid in hand, one
ctctssthird in.;twelve and the balance 'm- eighteen ;
si mouths {romthe day of—sale, and on the ccssmpie.
' tion of'the iast paymnt : title will be made to 1
'ssctsitbe premises under the. dccssce above mentioned.
si-john Potts, Commiffioner.
' Oct_--z$. eozt xawtlzb cotls ;
ss' , si W' The prz'uter of the PVashixgtou Federa/ctsist s
si'rsict Wcshiugton, and Fred'nick To-wn H-rald, at ?
sissxf ."Frederick D-wu May-laid, are reyufstca' tocttzzlsilrsi/Z
sij sitbe cbo-ve once a week unriltb: do) afsale, usa'
signs-ward tisizir account: to tbv':_sicffice for ]sscj- ss
szsssictsisszmct- \
:siF—T- — " si si_-_
THIS-DAY lS PUBLISHED
(Pricq 12} Censisssct)
;. _ QA'siNcw Catalogue ofthc' Circulating
ffsifljbmcy, eomprifing Hmmy ; Voyagcs ; THE.
Esssifvels; Lives ;siNovcls ; ;Rcmances ; Adven.u
;;les ; Pin;- 3, &c. inciuding a variety of publicn.
sixtions not infected in .ssebe for-mer Catalogue, and
helyssaddcd to"-tlzc'collccxion.
T'Tctms oi-subscripcion as usual. '
.j "'Non.Subscribcrs on dcpcsiting"shc vzlac of
ctAsiIQZUf books may be accommodated at the me
oil—six cents for each ducdccimo xolumc, and 12}
?cents for each octavo or larger \al_umc, subject
Also—43) whole/ale.
si-si- 2 Case's Chintzcs and , Callicoes
" sii si' ' .' At vsierssy reducedprices.
s'Nov. 13. " dttsi.
TUNI—s CR-AVssEN i
Has sorctSalc - 1
ctnsiy fixking best quality, Philadelþhia inspe'cted i
. ., & U-TLT'E R.
ss Nov. ) 3 " dif
eke the mlcs of dlcsiLibxay.
Slmtz's Czo'culatzng Lzbssmry,
\ unrxx STREET, ALEXANDRIA,
;— si-C. A. SHUTZ.
si 'NG'0140 HWZYT
Notzcc 25 hereby given,
THAT; Poticioo' _wisl be 'plescnted (0 the
next "Genefai Assembly of Virginia, praying thi!
ran act may. be pzsscd, amborizingss the subscrib.
or to by ouca Town on his own lands, adjoin.
sssimsi' the Court House of s'siFairfax Coumy, agree.
ss bly to a sipht thirst-[so be laid before lb! said
. Icmbly, to insscludc twenty acres of land, or
nch quantity,si'm0se pr less, urshau be thought
" per-40 includesstbe which of : than, on part,
; s the. four lete} daunted by the subscribcr to she
jlaijzct-fi received mia. Pbilalelpbia an Jectgaht
asiﬀofimmt of .
G () O D S,
suitable to the present season
—-kMGNG—'WHICH "Am-—
Ca_sh given i-for clean. Linsiisisn
__'j;_ (! Canon Rags.
AIG
I q- . ss - -
Richard "Ratclisse.
"Septsisir 4 ss 1:an
TUNlS CRAVEN,
Linen, & Cotton ' Cam.
bric,
Cambric, ]3Cnnelt,Mull
Mull, & Bnok Muﬂm,
si do. Tambomed, and
Sprigged,
Lace .Cambrins;
shmi'shed --a\si.d-'Flushcd
Shawts, _ '
Camck Hair, do.
'ctlndia Book Muﬂin,
Handkerthiefs,
Black sheen,. Ve—ila,
Edgings, * ct
Laccs; Imperial, and Pic
Nic'Mim,
Excra Long Silk-& Wnsh
Leather Glovcs,
ltalim Plaid Silk-, Cam
bray, do. -
Men-king "& Sewing Siik,
SilkCox-ds, and "Passcls,
Ostrich Fcathers,
Artificial Flowers, and
Ribons,
Tambourmg siCotton,
Fuingcd &"Plain, Couon
Countcrpins, _
Baftao, fExncl'tics, Gun
nahs." &c.
Tmn MaNc-w 'Tark Eve-ning Host.
I. . ss (Continue-A) _ '
l Presidcnt's ctMcssagesi-The ' next thing.
' that-occurs in the Message is we:-barge a- !
Lgainstonsir merchants, that in carrying on
a trade with the inhabitants of St. Domin-,
sigo, they have waged "a private tear, in
Z-tlependentd'f'the authority Of their coun
[trysiz' Before we make any remarks on
ithis very extraordinztry clause, we shall
present our readers with the following ex
tract from a well written performance on
!ss the question of the St. Domingo trade,
'Whic-h appeared some little time since it] -
the Gazet—te of the ctUoited 'States, in an- -
? swerto-a correspondent inthi-z ctpaper, who
l-hnd taken the opposite eide. It should
; however be understood that we mean to be
considered for the present are not having
si- adopted one Opinion in preference .t-o'sithe
other ; it not being-very material as to the
view we propose to take, Which of these
two writers is correct.
m--.
When our merchants are engaged in
commerce, defensible on the grounds ofna-ss
situraland conventional law, on principles
05 humanity- andjustice, and on calcula
ctsstion, ofpublics & private interest, it will not
she reproachful to attempt their vindic-ation.
Such lsi-conceive to be the commerce now
) carrving on between this country and the
;
i
l
)
ct thor observes, " When a party is seemed
3 public, the nation is divided into two up.
ss the same politicaZ-sodcty. [sithe between:
ss part of the-citizens on the one side, and the
i
)
ssl
' maisicontents have any reason for taking up
' arms, nothing farthmtctsiis require-] to :!ititic
such a disturbancc to the name of ("Evil um:
si & not that of Trlsigl-f'ian. This laft-er term-is
sssiicsiast-suspends their force and eﬀect: it
tide, that-the opposers of the governors
pmdctuces in the nation two independam
parties, who consider each other as ene
mics, and acknowledge no common'jt'idge.
Thesctwo parties, therefore must ne'gccts
sarily besi considered as thenceforwarsid tion
nicating,- ate-least for a tion, "70 up.-m
island of St. Domingo. On this topic .
my sentiments are in diametrical opposi- ct
tion_t_e those expressed in-an eloquent and
fervid production in your-paper osthe SO-th *
ult. taken. from the New York Evening
'post, and are submitted to public conside
Tauon. -
sst-weeanevolution and rebellion. The issue f
i
!
all Such of his subjects as openly rcsist him ?
but when the latter have acquircd sufficient ,:
strength to give him eﬀectual Oppsiositiooss
and to oblige him to carry on the war T
.*quir_v, on this subject, is, what is the situa- '
iion, which ictsun 01: '21 and unjusc reststance.
But—what application will they give too
war which arises in a repubiic torn by
two {actions-nor. in a monarchy between
two competitorssifor-the crown? Custom
appropriates the term of" city.?! war," to
every war httwecn the members of one and
often si decides and'gives'both. character and
name. Success stamps as revolutiousi, what
sswithout it would be rebellion.; and subjugu
cttion marks as rebellion what better fortune
would have made a revolution. For the
interests of humanityssan'd to prevent the
exercise of savage and ferocious passirms, l
the civilized ssworld however agree, that in
civil controversies, the parties shall. be
Considered as two independent litigants,
and each intitled to the rights of war. A
neutral nation shall not undertake to de
lawful authority, as is void osaii appearance
ofjustice. The :sovcrtsiign' indeed never
usetofthe term " ci-vz'l war." '
against them according to the eatahiished
rnlcs, he must necessarily submit to the?
]
the hands of Society and government, or at
is in the pursuit of right, and that his mas
ter is tyrant whose shackle should be broken
-—ner that the master claims but a legal
authority and that his subject's restless
ness should be curbed and restrain-ed.
This is the general consideration of the
subject, and for authority I refer to that
approved writer on the Laws ni'Nations,
sVattel, book 3. sssich. 18 5292, &c. My an
fails to bestow the apssoiiut—ion of rebez's on
applied only to such an'it'isuri'ection against
tion of St. Domingo ; and how is that isl— .
and to be considered under the laws of na
tions ? ln latter days the dask— is arssduous '
for the most sophistical or - ingenious to
draw the distinction at the threshold, be- ,
posite factions, and both sides take up arms
---this is called a cct'ieilctwar. Some w ri'ers
confine this term to ajust insusisirrection of
the subjects against their sovereign, to dis
tinguish this lawful resistnnce from rebel- ]
in a state, who no longer obey the sow
reign', and are possessed .of sufficicz-sit
strength to oppose him-nor when in & re
sovereign with those. who continue-in obe
dience to him on the other, provided the;
He 'further says, '"ctA civil war breaks ,
From the-UNLTED STsiATI-ls GAZETTE.
The first and most essential point of in- j
(.
__
'—
?
bodies, two distinct socisscties. Though"
one of the parties may have been to blame
in breaking the unity of the state & reszsting '
the lawful authority, they are not the less di
vided in fact. Beside-s who shalljudge them?
who shall pronounce on wsitich side the right
or the wrong lies" ? On-earth they haVe no
common superior, They stand precisely-si in
the siSame predicament as two nations, who
engage in a contest, & being unabie to come
to an agreement, have set-nurse to arms/si?
Vattel thenlays it down, with a precisi;
on that cannot be misnnderstood, that the
common laws of" si sitr ought to be observed
by both parties in every Ciw'l war. And
proceeds to a position, bearing immediate
ly on the present case, " that it helongs not
to foreign nations to—judge between the t'i
tizens whom discnrcl .has mused to arms,
nor between the prince and his subjects;
both parties are ' equally foreigaers to
them, and independent of their authority."
-On_ these principles of me law of nations
the Amerit'an and French set-o'tutions are
great and illustrious commesintaries. 'l'he
application of the principles to those two
ct-Lhe-propercy engaged in the. comm-ercel
is exposed to condemnation. if the pro—
party be contrubund of war, if there be
a breach of an existing blockade, or is
there be a denisl of the right of SciLLCh.
But this is the mere risk of the individual
engaged-in ihsi: trasic, & the trade itself is free
and open, subject to those rid-:s. 's'ne go
vernment is not to be considered us inter
fering between the belligerems by this!
commerce of its incliviciuzzls; the cum-i
merce itselsshrmld not he reszrained by; the
neuiru? government unless for poliiical rea
sons ofits own ; and the {'siailure of that go
vern-Went to restrain such commerce, was
never z-ronsidered as ?. departure from stricc -
neutrzihty.
From these observations, ( think it evi- '
d_enc,-ox1 general grouuds, that our citizens
are not engaged in an unlawful made with
the Island of St. Domingo, and that our
government has no call upon it,on the prin
ciples ofgoor'. faith andneutrallaw, toin
tersere with this trade.
'Isipropose now tosimakc some animadver
sion on the publicacions from the New
York Evbning Post, to which l have be
fore rEserred. The conclusiuns, which the
author drawsagainst the made with St. Do_-_
mingo, are'frqm premises by no means ad—
mitted, but Which [truscsiare disproved.-—
He considers That island as a provincq or
of the island is sitiverned by the laws "(as its
own government, and the code of France
has no more inﬂuence or efficacy there than
the laws of Corsica. Thus, l conceive it
_to be plain that St. Domingo is to be con—
sidcred under the lawvofnutions.
""Is then, in the view of the whole
world, St. Domingo is to be regarded, that
as a province or colony of France, but as
an independent state, what is to restrain
the freedom oftrade with her people.? Is
it not an acknowledged prinripie, that eve
ry nation, every independent state, has a
right to carr)" on commerce with whatsoe
vcr nation skees the connexion?
clear, that everv such state is the solejudge
ofthe cpro; riety, and the, sole mistress of
the regulation of commerce on hei part.
A state of W'H' may prbduce other rights
in another nation. But those rights do not
tsstke away or destroy the rights of sit rsiev . tral
('t ntlimr ). h . on- (fifthe be!-is;: rents. This)
ma) suhjectthe 'Jroperiy invlo ived in the
axerci-5rsssi of tho.—:- ezights t; .slms sier, but the
rights me) be cssteicised t ithr: ut tiolzitimi
ofÞ the law of nations. To eiucidtzte this
point-and appiy it. France aside at. Domin
go are two in lenemlent was; in,—., ( ,ssssctgctsisi
in a war. Tlie' Jnitetlfiiattt-si-arc - :nzutrai
to both. The eitizessnml the. Un ted Stntcs
hate an indisputable right to car y on cu n
merce with either of the helli irrertntssi—
disputed.
cases has been often made and was never si
are" then a part oisithe community. Ano
ther insurrection takes place. and this co
lnny attempt & separation from the govern
ment, andss aims at independence. The
land was a colony, of France,. composed f
of a white and black population. The ,
blacks were the slaves ofthe Whites. A—n 5
insurrcction took place, and after some
contest, attended with atrocious circum- l
government attempt to summe them,—ram}
the colony acquires such strength, that the
sovereign is obliged to carry on war against
it. He then, according-to Vattel,i31bound
to observe the laws of bwar;sithey ate two
independent parties,ss and there is rm power
onearth to judge between them. "St. Do
mingo is no longer a-province of France.
The French laws have there no is.-tiger a
then they are to be applied to the following
state of things in St. Domingo. The is
unq
prevalence or a binding force. The trade'
sttmces, the blacks were declared by the
government of France to be free. They }
.
lf these position-s are well laid down, ,
Is it not'
-*—*. -.-—--.
to make his case and stronp' er, sitnewri.
ter tle-parts from the coasirsieratioa (if
-Fsirance controvetting with St. Domiago as
a rebelprovmce, and regards the conflict
as being between a master and his revolte d
slav es. France herssisill could not havet he
'hardihood to give this aspect to the m. -t> r.
She came into enlemn compact Ciottniny
with success the-insurrection of the slaves ,
and from that corny act she cannot depart.
lIer faith was plighted and their freedom.
secured. -'1'herustical writers on the law
of nations declare that a promise or en
gagement to revolted slaVc-s must be kept.
lsthc blacks ofSt. Domingo are sl-siwes,
who are their masters, and to whom is the
lawful property? Do they not present to
us less the appearance ol slaves, than any
portion ofmen within the limits os th *
wide spread dominion and azactizirsig terri
tort gxinetl by the ra .pacity osthe COISZCRLZ
On this point. and in this discussion, at)
pcals, in a. '.l the labour of language and
energ) of eioqnence, to our huma nit) and
inte. est misi in he a oated. {he q testion is
a question oi tient, and sin-aid be discuss
ed on plain and aigum msitct.ti- ? moan-11.
On {mot'h'et )oint, lite-te :: sssissz-sssict-si'isisstfi it] two
o:-ss.>.—.ei vations of the it rite-t' n.;er; siti to.. - :
Consounrls the entet'pri-ze of irsisissiisssssidnzzfss
trade- with a national act ; and rest"; .53 tis
enmme rec riied on b} the merect tant as
an into."4 .er since on the part olthe go. em
.; n'r..si ] he govern": ?)ZZGf-i France inte ser
lin the man (it ersy between Gre at Bri
taisii and her colou. tes, in a most uneqnito
cal mar-.nei'. 'I his was a good ground of
W-LLI' ; sitctor it w as takinq pait directlv with
the open enemies-Us Btitain. But it was
me ,. r considered, in that co'itmtsersy, that
as: indn- idea! of F ranee before she became
iav oivc-t't in the war had not the percht
freedom ofa neutral, to trade with either
of the hellige'sents, with either England or
the United States. This is the right,
'ss'hic'n l ccsintz-ud for on the part of our mer
chants; and i am't'ree to grant :tt once-that
the government of the United States might
by an interssi-rz: , sie between the confiicting
parties, dcpnrt from the neutralitv it is
bound to OYBCTVc, and give good cause for
a (lecirtrntion of war. But it}: the true dis.
t'ei'cssnce: between the cases be recogmze'l ?
give to U'sh'l': the freedom secured to it by
the law of nations, and let the government
be inﬂuenced by that saith, which both po
llCV andjusticc pres-.*nt........()n this pOiﬂf,
and in the same confused consideration of
the subject, the prosound-system of neu
t—rality declared and observed between Bri
tain and France. in the administration of
our-venernted \Vnsh'mgton, isplacerl as &
beacon-to guide us on our way. God grant
the wisdom to our rulers, to take their
light from this glorious lnminnry ; lTctl-W
they have'like sagacity to discern, and like
manhoodto maintain, both national and!
private right. "But in the case referred to
the public faith was honorably preserved,
and the private right now_ contendcd for
was notqucstioned, at all.
To bring this case more directly hqme.
to our feeling-s, the writer in the Evemng
Post transfcrs us to the other side of the.
calany-of— France, In 'a stute of "bell.
;Forthc reasons already add'dCcd, it ?si- si
pears to me, that no power on earthtbsisi
France can so constder it ; and that, eve;
by France itself, it must he regarded, a
greectably to the laws of nations, as entitled
in the existing war, to all the rights of an
independ'ent warring state. It might be.
fore have been observed, that the case of
:: colony marks most striking-ly the diﬀer.
ence between & rebeliion and a separatsi
01; ofa part of the community from the-rest.
.L-here-Zs a diﬀerence nhvays and easy
discernable betweensia .chellinn attack-m,
the smss-cg-eignty-and aiming At the sub-ss-si-si
sion ol' government itself, and at rew,}: or
xt'ithdrzwsi'ing-osasection ofthe nation orct
colony, from of.-inn with the other mcsisi
Bers composctl tg the body .po'tztic. it was
thought unnecessary to mark the distinc.
tion in the case before us. This case, bowe.
ver ishkened to thztoictLa Vendt-c, which if
the government opposed by the Vtct-Hdeeasi—siss
was a rig nsul one, was an Znstn'rection & ,-ctss._
belzion m the Very—heart of the nation, clim
inssg atsit'ne life of the government, Where
there'was no possiihility of regarding two
independent partie-5 as existing, and it. qom
troversy. The object was express and clear,
not to withdraw from, but to annihsiffzzcc she
govern-met :. Besides, this writer him.
self says, what [have laid down as all im
portant in this discoueion, that " one na
tism has no right {(a-judge another;" he; al}.
plies it to the conduct of France :: wards
her slaves ; I apply it, and ever that it
must benpphed by all the worlssl, to France
and to St. Domingo as two distinct and
independent nations. So the)? present
themselves to the world, and so they must
he received. So they are inject; and no
nation on earth has the right to assume the
office ofa superior and sitojudge them.