The American herald of liberty — Exeter, N.H., 1794-09-09 00:00:00, page 2

to effect a jondion with Gen. Clab'fcyt,
who, it was supposed, would be again at
tacked by the French before his Lardlhip
coild reach him.” , :: b j
• x ■■> r -
BOSTON* st ip T. t;
The following Ihort account of the fafiiohs in
the Convention of Frame, is extrafled
principally from the Leyden Gazette.
AFTER the ruin of the Briflotines, <he
ruling party of the Convention was
again split i»co IW ° parties—that of Hebert
bud that of Danton and Lacroix. Robef
pietre, with his friends Barre re and Cou
thon, was a popular leader' and the object
of jealousy with both parties. Both fear
ed him and it was some time doubtful on
which fide Robespierre would range him
felf. 8./t with con furnace Iki 1 and diftlmu
htion, he formed and executed a plan to
rid himfelf of both parties. His firft step
Was to efte# a reconciliation with Danton,
and the Paris pipers informed us of the if
ftiei which was a fraternal embrace before
the Contention. But rhntoa was deceiv
ed, he took a traitor to his bosom, and
Robespierre meant only to make Damon
and his .party the inftrtrmeats of cutting off
Hebert and* hts band, and then he supposed
himfelf strong enough th take off Danton’s
party aifb. Robespierre and Danton united
in bringing Hebert to the Guillotine, and
within fix days after the execution of He
ben, Robespierre had caused Danton and
his p< Tt y 10 b e * rre ft £ d. Legendre was
alarmed at xhis rapid fucceflion of arrests,
and moved that Danton and his party might
be brought to the bar and hear the charges
against them. Robespierre, with an im.-
perious didatorUl air, like that which
Cromwell sflumed when he dilperfed tbe.
Parliament that had been the inlurgent of
his elevation, declared that such a motion
was dangerous* arid little Ihort of treason
again ft the Republic.
The menacing fpeich of Robespierre
hulhed all oppofuian—The Convention
were Itruck dumb—Legendre’s motion was
rejeded—and Just announced Danton’s
crime to be a with to destroy liberty under
ihe pretext of indulgence—that his con
du& ^or five years had been only one tiitue
of intrigues and confpitacies, thb least of
which was to have preatfied moderation
and the return of legal order. In vain laid
St Just, have they advoc*ted clemency—
be infttxible. indulgence would be cruelty.
Immediately the Convention patted a de*
Cree of accusation.,
f n this manner Hebert on the on« hand
■■•'intf Danton bn the other, being totally
crulhed* Robespierre and his friends were
left matter of France. The' committee
of Public Safety, by the foppreffioh of the
Proviibry Executive Council, became the
tnoft abfoluta court in Europe. The fu
pretfir court of Criminal Justice s cdled the
Revolutionary Tribunal, the cortventton
and the Cowmittee of Public Safety,
4 ■
Thb following HASTY VIEW, with the
’above, must serve to alleviate the patience
of our readers for the present..
After the fur render of Ypres, of
which we have before related, to pre
£rveCbarleroi(an advantageouspoft)
the 5 combined armies attempted to
sown a junction* being fever ally com*
mandeti by Cvbourg, Orange, Clair
fayt, Beaulieu, and York-—in this
critical moment before the junta on
was compleated, the left of Pichegru
attacked the right of the enemy in
plain field, when a mofi tr emend*
ous conflift ensued; the enemy's right
foongave way, at that instant a gen*
er al attack commenced* and, after a
carnage which is not recorded in bif
tory, for three fucceflive days, the
whole combination of despots took to
their heels fa Brunis, where our
accounts leave them in the utmost
confternaiion, preparing for a more
secure retreat. The Duke of York
ho wever seems to be sneaking into
Holland, by the Sbeldt, not having
been able, dr willing, to join—Co
bourg, Clairfayt, and Beaulieu Hood
the brunt, Charleroi was taken on
the .17 tb—Oft end was evacuated,
and a detachment of patriots ordered
to take possession of it, Gen. Beau*
leu was killed— the {laughter tv as
immense— it was fald the enemy
were 170,000 strong, and the Re
publicans 250,600. The Mohawk
and Prude tea have each 12Q pajfek
- /
now under al^one dire#ion—a few leaders
have eogroded and centered in themTdves
all legislative; judicial and executive pow
er*, which Mr. Jeffdfou fay^ Notes on
Virginia, page 775. Lord Edit, is,pre
cisely the oehattion of the despotic Govern
ment, .. j
People therefore who fup^dhd La Fay
ette* Roland* Briffot, Hebert* and Danton
have been traitors to there country, me
probably mistaken; they have only been
traitors to their, rivils'in the Convention'.—
When two rivals contend for power, -the
one that falFs is always a traitor—the one
who succeeds is the patriot. Should Ro
bespierre and Birrcre quarrel, the one who
cSo b;ft manage’the people, will crulh
hts rival led he will make them believe
the victim of private jeaioufy.a traitor to
the Republic.
And such an event is by r.o means im
probable. Should it take place in a few
months, we should not be lurprifed.
The hiftory of fadion is checquered
with a great variety of incidents; but - the
important fads always rvfuk from the fame
principles the palfibns of the human heart.
Whether we examine tht cootefts in the
Grecian Republics, and in Rome ; the war
between Marquis and Sylla; the civil
wars of the league in France; the contest
between York and Lancaster in England ;
or between Charles I. and Cromwell ;
whether we attend to the hiftory of parties
during the present revolution in* France,
or during the late feflion of our own Coft
grefs ;we (hall find all popular leaders
jollifying their tandudl by the plea of right,
cf neceihty, or of patriotism ;at the fame
time if we examine their hearts by their
epndud, shall find them all aduated by
nearly the fame feifiQi motives or paflipns, A
privitw interest and ambition If a maa
is jealous of bis competitor, he dheds his
attention to the people—makes cheat be
lieve his rival a fraitor, an enemy—per
suades them to pull down his rival .aud .'fet
himfelf up, and the moment he is mounted
on the people’s shoulders he tyramzes ov
er them, until a new ambitious demagogue
appears* tells the people their ruler is a bad
man, and persuades themjc pull him down
apd set up another. Such is the perpetual
rotation of noisy demagogues, pushing and
jostling for places. -
The real patriot is the mah who supports
the laws of a free country. The man tbho
attempts to acquire an undue flu ri of in
fiuepce himfelf, or to give it to private as
sociations cf men, attempts to weaken and
destroy the only legitimate authority, that
cxiftsin a free state, »nd the only power
which can proced life* liberty and other .
private rights.—
The moment a man of private societies
can check or control! the ftcady operations
of law, we loose pur freedom ; we no lon
ger inhabit a free country : we are in the
power of men, and not of the laws,vwhich
is exactly the fituationof people in Tur
key and other defpodb' countries.
The popular influence of Robespierre in
France, the ministerial influence in the
British government, are equally tyranicalj
for both are above the laws of the country.
The government is that of men and not of
laws. The present ficuation of the wetern
counties iti Pennsylvania is the fa^e—
The laws are prostrate and men govern
with the fury of private paffions:—They
are usurpers, who banish their fellow citi
zens, ev»a far differences of opinion^ They
' ma ft be f^prefTed, ar Pennfy.vanii will be
enihved. J
ENGL AN D.
LONDON, r. - j
An article from Vienna, dated May 14,
fays, according to the lad letters from Cra
cow, Gen. Kofciufkow has effe&td a jun^ion
with the Lithuanian abrny- under Brefack ~ a
Cossack. This part of tbe PolHh army, it is
added, is 40,060 strong j the gritateft part
Cossacks and Tartars, and tht rest troops of
the line. It is further mentioned that Kofci
ujkow^s purpoje is to invade tbe Ruffian ter
ritory, The rest of the inf urgent' under
Mokronewjki. and Ma fall n Iki are uppofed
to tht Prussians, and are nearly as numerous
at the other body. They have between them
pieces of cannon.. Gen. Rammer, ybe
Prussian commandant at Dantzick has affur*
cd the inhabitants, that he bds no donbps of
tb'ir athchment tt bit Prussian Majesty, but
only wijhed to convince the nialcontehts at
Wjsrfaw. that he is prepared for an attack.
JULY 3. There newer was a nhtion more
completely duped tbdh England throughout the
whole of-the present war I She was the lust
involved its the bujinefs, but, either through
pride or folly, Joon became the principal. She
still persists, though the King of Prussia bat -
withdrawn himfelf, and the Spaniards are on
the eve of acknowledgiugwhat we mull inf be
end do, the French Republic. Tbe Emperor
it unable to fightHtuff longer vsitbisui a fitb
fid) ; the Fm^refi bar not, nor will afford us
the leafl ajjidance. and in tbit reduced situa
tion, art nxe carrying on,a war again# the
innumerable armies of th: French Republic.
The greatest confernation* wi art inform*
td, prevails throughout Holland. 7he army
of the fillips, if we take into the account the
fhameful absence of the Ptuffsan troops, does •
not confiji of mote than 60,000 efft&i'ue men,
while that of France is three times the num
ber, and is recruited with difeif lined Jcldiers
< after every action. In the courje of this month,
the enemy tire like to be mafiers of all tnari
time Flanders ; and, if the Dutch do no: pro
cure a peace, we fee nothing that can pre
vent them from btcom.ng majiers of Amjier
dam.
We tru# that the British cbaraStr will
not be tarnifeed by our acquiefing in the
declaration of Paoli, who Las publicly pro
cl^smed-—.bat such of ihe French /hall be fold
ds fl -vet, who are taken prifnersi and refufe
io cultivate the Jail of Co flea.
er
■ -- ■ - - * - - ■-
Interesting Letter.
[The following extra# -of a letter from one
of the committe of American merchants,
who waited on the British m nifters, for
advice refpeding a compliance with orddrs
from America, contains much interesting
information, which is of the more confe
queace as it comes from an authentic
fource.J
«* MY DEAR FRTENp,
** T THANK you for the full informa
-1 tion contained in your several letter/
on the fubje& of the present difputc be
tween the United States and this country.
I wrote you my ceutiments thereon yefter
day,in a letter I forwarded toLymington.
I have exprefled the fati Tltioo I feel in
Mr. Jay’t havirrg been authorized to adjust
thole cifpu'es, a- from what I have seen of
him* and from what 1 know of the difpafi
tion of our government towards America, 1
am under no apprehensions of being again
involved in a war-with America. 1 know
from repeated conventions on the fubjeft,
it is net the wilh of our ministers. Indeed
I must fay, that* except m the inftince of
ifljing the unfortunate inflructions of No
vember 6,1 have found them uniformly
disposed to act a friendly part towards A
merica ; and of her government, they have
always spoke to me in terms of great re
spect. How it happened that those in
ilrucuons were iflutd; I cannot tell; but
whenatthe desire ufthe merchants, I went
to onr ministers, accompanied by a com*
mittee appointed for that purpafe,and point
ed out to them the mifehiefs that would re
sult from thole instructions, they werd easily
convinced, and the revocation was publilh
cd without delay. The conduct of the
Admiralty Courts in the Weft Indies as
flared in your letters, in condemning all vef
yrZrindifcriminately which are brought^e/arz
them for judgment, is highly reprehensible
and J trust will become the fubjtet of en
quiry.
•« I will not dismiss the subject of poli
ticks without mentioning anoth- r instance
of the good will which I have pven you
to underfhnd to be entertained by oor
ministers towards the United States of A
merica. By the French propei ty bill lately
palled, it is made high treason to pay any
money to.orforaccaunt of, any perfori or pcr
fonswhomay have been in France since the
firft of January hft or to furnilh them wrth
. any kind of goods»&'< f courle,if any Ame>i
can Uxould have been in France, since or
in iny part of her dominions though per
haps on a visit of curiosity, no house here
could haVe paid any money, or have fh’p
ped aoy goods for his account ; nor have
oaid any bill, or have fliipped goods Tr sny
hodft hr America, in which he was a part
ner, without being liable to the penalties
of the act. On this the committee of A
merican merchants made a strong reprefer
tation to Mr. Pi t,he immediately desired an
interview with me & a subcommittee on the
bufinefsj he allured us it was not the intention
of government that tht fair commerce of
America should be affected by the act; that
, the inconvenience complaiued of fhsuld be
removed by an order >n Council. He di
rected the Solicitor General to prepare
such an order, before it was carried into
effect, he sent the draft to me with a te
queft that I would lay it before the merch
ants; the alterations I wai instructed to
suggest, he admitted without hefitstion and
the order war poblilhed on the 14th in
rftaiit. This is done white the subjects of
all other neutral nations'are Bill subject to
tfie operations of the Sill—ln ihort, I have
the pleafiire of repeating, that I am updir
410 apprehensions of our being again involv
ed in a war with America. I am persuaded
we shall not, unleft Mr. JaX Ibould'be in
flruded tq in lift oncooceflions which this
country cannot make with honour; and I
have too high an opinion of the good sense
6f America to fafpect that he is instructed
: ?I’* ' 1 , '■?;* , si 'I
. 1-'^ .. X ’ ' f \ ,\'
to make any demand which would be an
insuperable bar to the adjullment of the
matters in difference.
0 Since writing the foregoing, I have had
a further commnication whh Mr. ft ft,
and therefore I am warranted io faying,
that, if the fame conciliatory fpiric cxifts in
the government of yours, aS of this country,
there seems to be a reasonable prolpect of
in amicable adjustment.”
Western country
KNOXVILLE, A UG.
AT a court of Oyer and Ttrminer, held
at Knoxville,in the di Ji ri ft of Hamil
ton, on the fir# andfecond days of Augud by
the Hon. Joseph Anderson, Eiq. one of the
judges in and far the territory , J^uth of Ohio,
by virtue of’ a commifion. from bis Rxcellercy
Governor Blount, for the Jfe<.iod t-urpofe ifu
ed, for the trial of a Cree< Indian-. fufpeSed
of being guilty of the mu der o f John Iff.
A bill being found by the grand jury, the
Creek Indian, Abottgpohiga, of Poocaueaugee,
(a punk knot) an Gakfufky, was brought be
fore tie court ; and before by. was charged
on his indiHment, te was informed by the in
ter priter, James Carey, that in confejuence of
a treaty made betwetn the United States and
the Chek nation, at Ntw.Ycrk, it was a
greed, thal, if ar.y Creek Indian or India nt,
should commit a mqrdtr upon any citizen off^
United States, be or ibiy should be given up,
and tried according to the laws of the United
States. He Jai d he was well acquainted
with the ta.k that was held at New York,
for it was well Jang in iheir ears bs tbs if
chiefs afttr their return to the nation ; —but
that the Ufptr Town's had thrown away K.^at
ta'k and taken up the hatchet. The prifo^er
was then chargtd on his indiHt^nt, which
being explained to him by the interpreter he
confifjedthe fall. But the court being wil
ling to afford the prisoner the benefit of a trial
by juryf permitted him to withdtaw his plea)
and plead not guilty t Wherimon, a traverff
jury was empannelled.and sworn in due form,
the prifexer being firfi oes/ormed of his right
to challenge. Tbe pLijoner having council
assigned him, the Attorney Gt tier al proceeded
upon the trial, and the jury ,upo* the futlejl
iedimony, brought into court aver di ft, “ guil
ty of the mq^der of John Ifh, as charged ire
the bill of iodiSmeht ** bYbereupon the pri
soner being ajked, what he had to offer why
(entente oj the law should Hot be pronounced
Upon him ? He^eplied he had pot any thing j
that be came out with an intention of killing
and fieaii ng, br being killed; that he had killed
■ ihe man for whiff he had been tried ; and
that it had been hes mi<flrtur.e to fall into
the bands of the whites ; but that be fh-idd
have escaped them if it had not been for the
Cherakeet; dnd that if foe was now put ta
death, there was plenty of bis nation remain
ing to revenge bis death. Tbe Bdge then
proatded to pronounce fetHence of death in tbe
usual form.
In cohfiqutnee of the above Jentence, the
Creek Indian, Abougpohigo, was executed tbit
afternoon, at q dclock.
The intruftan of tbe French in the Genoejt
port ofjdah, of which tbe Hamburg papers
lately received, give an account, and in can
Jequence of which the hnglUb on the pa-t of
the allies, have demanded of tbe government
of Genoa, immediate declaration of war a
- France, under penalty of be ng consider
ed as enemits will probably in the event make
up far the failure of their plan of re ieving
Corsica. The Genoefe at ihe period of that
event, independent of their gensral good wild
to ihe French cause, Winced in several iu
ftances during the wdr, will find anoihir
strong argument for lifting with ihe French,
if Ede they must, in their fituaticn as to the
French forces. The jouthern army againjl
Sardinia is at their doers, and a fqtiadron of
1 0.oQQrfroops in one of their ports. The ac
efffen of Genoa to the league again ft tyran
ny, will be particularly advantageous to the
French, as it will give them a firm f coting
not Jar from the centre of tbi mo ft populous
portion of tbe king of Sa> dinids dominions.
BOSTON, September 3.
_ Warrem Hast-ing’s trial in
England, is finished. It has lasted
seven years and fourteen days*—
Shakespeare speaks of the law’s de
lay *, but the ‘‘ Swan of Avon”
never heard of any thing like this.
The frigates now building in
the United States will unquestiona
bly be clothed with the duck of
the manufadory in this town.
deed if the manufacturers contin
ue their endeavours towards per-
Domestic Intelligent.
N E W-YORK, Aug. 27.