The American herald of liberty — Exeter, N.H., 1795-06-18 00:00:00, page 1

Miscellanies.
The StilßiT~of PURTIES.
IF we could penetrate into the fe
c'ers of men’s hearts we (hould
probably find that most of the men
who have fallen vidums jo their
rivals in France, have been good
' patriots \ that is. they have been
men who really wilhed for a re
formation in the government of
France,andfor a constitution which
should secure freedom td the Citi
zens.
The Duke of RochefopcauU,
that amiable man who was aSuf
finated by the people without a
colour of crime ; the Mirquis la
Fayette,whofepatriotifm and whose
i negrety even his enemies dare
not impeach ; Dumourier a mao of
left political integrety, but the fifft
general of the age, and a man who
was faithful to his country, till his
enemies had taken a resolution to
faeriSce him to their resentment;
these illustrious men wilhed for a
reform of all the abuses of the old
government ; blit they really be
lieved a limited monarchy to be
the best torn? of government for
France. Os this fad there is no
question ; and yet it remains to be
proved, that their opinion was
wrong. 4
Os the fame opinion were three
fourths of all the great statesmen
who took the lead in the revolu
tion ; and they were sincere in
their opinion, they were patri
ots —‘they were the friends of their
country ; and in yielding them
selves vidims to their opinion,
they exhibited the strongest of all
proofs of the love they bore to
their country ; and they ought *to
be honored as martyrs.
Next came BrifTot and his party,
who were zealous republicans;
but they differed from .Danton,
and Robespierre, on the point of
condemning the king and many
other material articles; and adhe
ing pertinaciocfly to their opin
ion, the parties came to open hof
tdities. This gave rife to the de
partmental war, that is, the war
in the fouth of France. This wsr
was railed by B-iffot ar.d his friends
to destroy the Jacobin faction, not
in favor of royalty, as their ene
mies have alledged, though rhe
roya’ifts, and many of the Bif
fotins perhaps, finally joined the
British at Toulon. But the in
furedion at Marftilles and Ly
ons was not originally railed by
.crayalifts, but by republicans op
poled to the Jacobin fadion at
Paris. The objed was td let the
Convention free from the domin
eering influence of that club which
was led by Marat and Robefpiere.
The club however had Paris in its
inttreft at that time—Pans ruled
France, and .Briflbt*and his party
we re cr u ihed., * ; E
Ttfow Danton and Robespierre
were Lords of the Con vention,[for
Marat had been affaffinatedj It
is believed by many that Marat
and Robespierre were the tools of
Vo’ ne IX.]
I, .
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Orleans, who had been fee king the
death of Louis to make his own
wav to the throne, but who being
a weak man, had fallen a victim
to the ambition of his own tools.
There are some reasons for this
suggestion, but full proof of the
fad is yet wanting. If this was
true, Marat and Robespierre must
be ftrtrk'Off the lift oft patriots.
Danton itood in the way of Ro
bespierre, and therefore was taken
off; as were Hebert and his
friends.
Robespierre had really arrived
to didatoilhip—his influence was
unbounded—but the people are I
capricious—B.ilaud, Taffen and
others found means to detach the
people of Paris from his interest,
and Robespierre fell. Barrere and
his iparty, the remains of the old
Jacobin fadton, are laid to be
punifned by banilhmenc forever
from France to the itl ind of Cay
enne in South-America.
From all the evidence that has
been pubHhtd, concerning all
these unfortunate men, it cannot
be colleded that any of them were
originally the enemies of their
country.
There are many strong fufpiei
ons, against Marat and RobeL
pierre ; but there has nothing ap
peared against them that would in
this country, amount to proof.
The most of the men who have
perifhad, have been vidims to the
unrelenting rage of party. When
calm, unbiafled hiitory fnall dif
dole the truth, it will appear, that
most, if not ail the parties, have
been honest, well-meaning patri
ots, who have aimed to promote
the fame end, the good of their
country ; but have differed only
about the means of accomplifhiog
that end. And as the war could
not be maintained with vigor, while
th.e governing powers were thus
rent and diftraded with fadion,
it was deemed abfolurely necefiary
for the parties to try their strength
and the JirongeJi co take off the
weakest.
Bailor, a few months before he
was arrested, told a Gentleman of
this city that he had made up his
mind on the fubjtd. A fadion
k of unprincipled men had taken the
government into their, hands—a
club with the aid of a banditti in
the galleries, ruled the Convention
—he and his party had determin
ed to fee the Convention free, or
perish in the attempt. He exped
ed his fate, but he was resolved on
the attempt. His enemies since
his death have made a long report
on his conlpiracy^ and charged
him with treafon^ But it is cvi
evident, that full reliance cannot
be placed on the charges and
proofs. Indeed most of the re
ports of the vidorious party;, on
the confpkacies of the fallen par
ty, have confuted of after
tions anef declamation ; and (how.
fully that they are dilated by re-
Tenement, rather than a de fire of
unfolding fads.
The revolution in France was*a-
THURSDAY,]™ iB, 1795.
brilliant undertaking—-honorable
in the men who conducted its firft
steps, and glorious for the nation.
Unlortunatelk the wisdom, the
talents, the erudition, and difere
tioo of the nation h<rve been facri
ficed to a yi^ent party, who, p^r
haos with honest views, have filled
France with die most faife and
pernicious pHpcipUs.
. tFhe avtrfion of the French to
a second chamber iit the Legisla
ture, and their jealousy of execu
tive power in a single hand,are rad
ical errors,which have filled France
with blood, <^nd GOD only knows
when men m that country will
cease co cu^ each others throats,
for difference of principles, France
is now as mtoJerant, with refped
to political opinions, as (he was in
the minority or Charles IX. with
refped to rebgiods tenets. If a
man’does not believe with.a gov^
erning party, the guillotine awaits
him. . rh
M^derafion and clemency are
said now tp prevail ; but this is
only in appearance; otherwilc Bar
rere would not have fallen. Poli
cy has suspended or varied the ex
erciid of party spirit and revenge :
but the principle remains, and will
Occafiohatiy break forth, until the
legislature fhali be divided into
two houses, so that it cannot be
managed by a few individuals—
and until the Executive and Judici
ary^ are made independent of the
Convention.
Until th?s, or some other system
of checks, (hall be adopted,France
.will be fubjttft to monarchs,—not
indeed to hereditary monarchs,
for their reign will not generally
last more-than fix weeks; but
temporary monarchs, the Marais,
the Robefpierres, the Dantons, the
Legendres, the falliens of the day
who will intrigue themselves above
their fellows, rule by address, and
Ike the tyrants nf the Bast, each
wUI ineced in bringing to dir fcaf
fold the tyrant that preceeded him
and all his connections.
: I'he follo^dhg is a lift of the Coun
tries conquered by the French from
the different Sovereign Princes of
Europe, since the commencement of
the prejent IP AR.
THE ten Provinces of Brabant,
Antwerp, Mechlin, Limburg,
Luxembourg, Namur, HainhavL,
Artois, Cambrcfis, and Flanders,
forming the Austrian Netherlands
and formerly fubjedt to the Em
peror of Ger many.
The 7 United Provinces of
Holland-, Zealand. Frirzand, Cro
ningen, Overvlid, Gudderland,
and Utrecht, formerly fubjedt to
the Stadiholder.
The principalities of Liege,
with the cities of Liege and Spa,
formerly Tubjcdt to the Prince Bi
shop as Sovereign of that coun
try.
The Biflioprick of Spiers with
its chief city, formerly lubjed to
its Sovereign Bilbop.
Tne Biftiopwrick of Worms.
formerly fubje& to its Sovereign
Bi shop.
The Dutchy of Deux Ponts,
formerly fubje& to the Eleftor
Palatine.
AH the ele&crate of Treves, on
the fouth fide cf the Rhine, with
the chief city of the Electorate,
and the city of Coblentz.
All the Electorate of Cologne*
on the fouth of the Rhine, with its
chief city.
The chief part of the elgdorate
of Menrz, on the fouth of the
Rhine.
All the dominions of the Elec
tor Palatine on the sou h of the
Rhine.
' The Dutchy of Juliers, with
its chief cUv, Aix-la-Chapdk,
formerlyJlubjcft to ihe Ekdor
Palatine.
The Dutchy of Clever with rhe
city of Cleves, formerly lubjedt to
the KEg of Prussia.
In the South, the Dutchy of
Savoy, with ks chief city, Cham
berrv, formerly fubjed to the King
of Sardinia.
.The city and cornet of Nice,
formerly fubjed to the lame.
- The principality of Monaco,
formerly subject to its Sovereign
। Prince.
From Spain the greatest part of
their rich Provinces of Bifczy, and
Catalunia, with their important
garrdons, tides and founderivs.
Tne whole of ihefe countries
are calculated to contaki a por>ula«
tion of thirrten millions of fools
which mcreafes the French Re-<
public to the enormous number ol
thiay-aine millions of People.
WHITESTOWN, MAY 20.
✓ „
Emigrations to the weft ward,
the prelent spring have exceeded
rhe most languine expectations of
every individual. Within this
week past we have been vifned by
A. Hamilton, Esq late fecrerary
of the t^eafury of the United
States, General Floyd, and many
other eminer t citizens. Foreign*
ers of immence fortunes crowd on
in great numbers. Land fpecu
, iators are every where to be found
and the number of honest hufbaod
andmeii who are moving west
ward exceed all calculation.—k
is laid that upon a mederate cal
culation thenumber of boars which
have passed Old Fort Schuyler,
with families moving to the west
ward, for lever al weeks past, av
erage at from fifteen to twenty
boats in a day. Ihe great influx
of inhabitants has greatly railed
the price of Lands, thpfe which
fold for twelve (hillings 8 months
ago, are now felling at from twen
ty four to thirty (hillings. Should
* the profpta of peace/ which is
now dawning upon the United
States, prove aufp cious, these
weftem counties will /hOrtly be
cjme as populous as the “ Con
mAicut Hiveand the Siaie of
- New* York be the most numerous.
of the whole fifteen I
[Number 52.