Republican ledger, and Portsmouth price current — Portsmouth, N.H., 1803-05-24 00:00:00, page 2

» —tCTerowtaFrarcCTßsrnuCT'v c^^^ -^ore^zz+CTWYcr'-CTe
•1 the government of the United States,
within such diftridt, who shall give bond for
the performance of the duties imposed on
him by this a&, in the fame manner and
under the fame penalties, as were hereto
fore provided in the case of fopervifors.
Sec. 2. Andbe it further enabled, I hat for
the difeharge of the duties of fopervifor
which may be thus attached to another office,
by virtue of this act, there shall be allowed
to the officer exercising the fame, the com
missions to which the Supervisor is npw en
titled, by law, together with such fun for
cleric hire, not exceeding the allowance -fix- ;
ed by law tor the supervisor, and such salary 1
not exceeding two hundred and fifty dollars,l
per annum, as the P. Bident of the United [
States Iball d°€ni a fiooJent c>mpcnfation.
NATHT. MACON,
Speaker rfthe iffecf Reprefo^tiives.
STEPHEN R. BRADLEY,
Prefiden cf the Senate so tempore.
Marell 3, 1803,
Approved,
TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
in addition to an aft, intituled, “ An add to
amend the judicial J,fem of the United
States."
BE it chaffed by the Senate and- House of
RepreJentaiives of the United States if Ameri
ca, in Congrejs a[/emb!ed, Trot the circuit
court of the second circuit shall eontiß of the
justice of the supreme court refining within
the third circuit, and the Jidda judge of
the dißiift where such court shall be hoiden.
In the third circuit, the Bid circuit court
flail confirt of tire senior associate jußice of
the fopreroe court rending within the fifth
circuit, aid the diftria judge of the dirtiict
where such court shall be holden.
Sec. 2. And be it farther enabled, That
from all final judgments or decrees in any
of the diilricl courts of the United States, an
appeal, where the matter in depute exclusive
or chis, shall exceed the sum or value of
fifty dollars, shall be allowed to the circuit
court next to be holden in the district where
such final judgment or judgments, decree or
decrees, may be rendered ; and the circuit
court or courts arc hereby authorifed and
required to receive, hear and determine such
appeal ; and that from all final judgments or
decrees rendered or to be rendered in any
circuit court, or in any .lißritt court anting
as a circuit court, in any cases of equity, of
admiralty and maritime jurifiliction, and of
prize or no prize, an appeal where the
matter in dispute, exclusive of colts, shall
exceed the sum or value of two thousand
dollars, (hall be allowed to the supreme court
of the United States, and that upon Inch ap
peal, a tranferi)t of the libel, bill, answer,
depositions, and all other proceedings of what
kind soever in the cause, (half be t.anfmiued
to the laid fuprerne court ; and that no
new evidence (hall be received in the Lid
court, on the hearing of fried a^eal, except
in admiralty and prize caffes, an I that Inch
appeals shill be fubjea to the fame rules,
regulations and retiri&ions as are'pr.;Aibed
in law in case of writs of error ; and that
the said fipreme court thtil be, and hereby
is authorised and required to receive, hear
and determine such appeals. And that f
much of the nineteenth and twenty-fecund
ihaions of the act of Cougrefs, entitled “ Au
act to eftablifli the judicial courts of tiro
United States," puffed on the twenty fourth
day of September, one thousand Even hum
dred and eigluy-nine, as comes within the
purview of this act, shall be and the fame is
hereby repealed.
NATHT. MACON,
Speaker of the Houje of Rebrefcrdatrces.
Stephen r. Bradley,
Prejident of the Senate, pro tempore.
March 3, 1803.
Approved,
TH : JEFFERSON.
=*=— — =-= =— ^^^. —_, & C'°l^£=^2^====--
Mifccllany.
VINDICATION
OF TEE
MEASURES
OF THE
PRESENT ADMINISTRATION.
By ALGERNON SIDNEY.
“ Where Liberty is—there is my Country."
[continued.]
IT has been fuggeited that these articles
are chiefly tiled by the wealth, and arc there
fore inore proper objects for taxation. But
when the excise was removed frun other
articles to have retained it on these would
have required a continuance of the whole
host of excisemen a;an expense, nearly it
not fully equal to the whole revenue. Nor
is it believed that, when the reduction of
import, naturally derivable from the excise,
is added to the expense of that fyrtem, there
would arise a cent of clear revenue.
In fume Bates it is admitted Congress
might collect an excise upon thole articles
at a moderate expence. 1 refer to those
Bates, which, like Massachusetts and Con
necticut, are replete with population, and
possess a proportionate number of carriages.
In the other Bate it is far different. In
Massachusetts there is ore carriage to every
1107 acres of land, in Ilnhfylvania there is
but one to every 15,917, and in Virginia to
every 16,212, io that the travel and expense
of the collector in going for the tax, or of
the citizens in going to pay it, in Virginia
and P.enfylvania, is fourteen times as much }
as it is in MSBachufetts. In Connecticut|
there is one carriage to every 1,743 acres,/
!while in North Carolina there is only one|
1 t > every 11,329. The real expense there-
I fore of collecting that tax, is fix times
; as great in North Carolina, as in Con
necticut. The evil in the wcftern conn-|
try and fouth of the Pourmack, is increased
by the icarcity of bank notes. The expense
of the actual travel muß be incurred; Pi
facilities of the public mails can not be fub
ilituwd. Neither does it refill: from thisl
that neceflity produces any inequality or in-]
juli.e in the articles taxed, or in the mere '
of taxing them. In molt countries an ine
quality might necessarily exirt, happily for
Be people cf these Bates it is not their
code.
As it relates to all internal nbjca: of tax
ation, each Bate within its limits poilches a
r: ht extensive and concurrent with the U
niied States. Nothing therefore is easier
than for a Bate to correct any inequality,
which may result from the taxes of the Uni
on. Should Congress levy a tax on any ar
ticle, the Bate, whose citizens feel the pref
lore of the tax, will relieve the article from
Bate taxes. Does Congress repeal her tax
es, and surrender to the Bates all the
sources of internal taxation, it enables the
Bates to leflen the burdens of their prefers
lyrtems, by drawing a revenue from these
reßored resources. Either of the Bates
may levy a tax on carriages,domestic dißil'e 1
spirits and refined sugars, and it is to be
presumed that the Legislature will where
ev?r the interert of the Bate requiresi'. These
articles therefore are not exempted from
taxation ; they are yielded up to the d;fcre
tiou of the Bate legirtatures. Is it not niton-
Thing that Bates ihould complain (if a sur
render of revenue to their use r Ought they
not to rejoice that the general government
has furndhed them with the means H re
noviug trorn the poor the poll or Icapi
tation tax ? And cannot the equalization
of taxes be better cfFcaed by the arils of th<
Bate governments, who legislate for final!
lections and can adapt their laws to the con
dilion of their citizens, than by the laws 0
Congress, which muß operate by one ruh
over all the people of this Union, however
didrnihr and unlike their conditions.
We arclold that tiro annual appropriation
of seven millions three hundred thousand
dollars, towards the difeharge of the
principal and interest of the national debt,
was deceptive, and calculated to infpirc
hopes, which would never be realifed. Ex
pcricncc has demonftrued that the govern
ment, not withftauding it has repealed the
internal taxes, has been enabled, in the part
year, to difeharge of national debt, eight mil
lions forty free thoujand eight hundred and /ev
en dollars ; while not a cent has been bt
rowed or reloaned, nor a tax of any kind
created. The Treasury too so far from be
ing exhauftd, on the firft of January, 1803.
vias pollened of, fore melons twenty thouJand
two bundled and thirty dollars and bxty two
cents, a thing altogether unprecedented.
The reductions of the public debt by means
of the bank Iharos is included in this efii
mate.
We are now told that no credit is due to
the government, because the monies have
bieu derived from the imports, which were
ertablilbed by former adminlßratious.Whatr
Inhere no credit due to a government that
administers the finances of a nation with
economy, frugality and found dffcretion ?
Because I have furnished my agent with a
capital neccibry tor my use, is he not entitl
ed to toy confidence for the integrity, pru
dence and judgment he has difproyed in the
management of my affairs? D % cs not then
man jußly challenge b higher claim to thatl
confidence, who faithfully applies the monies 1
I have entrusted to him, than the one whol
devises the m&t methods of drawing my;
money trom my pocket ? Or is he exclufive-|
Iv entitled to it, who has devised the means 1
of taking from %ne the fruits of my own in
duflry r
It is true that those alone are fit to be en
trurted with the government, who unite to
prudence and diferetion in expenditure, that ;
knowledge of the country and its intereßs,|
which may enable them, if neceflity requirel
to augment her revenues by additional tax-1
es, leall injurious to the people, and molt ;
congenial with their genius, condition and|
feelings. It is equally true that the prefent|
government has not created any taxes. But j
it is not true that the opposition deserved any!
more credit for the creation of the revenue ;
fyßem, than belongs to the persons in of-]
rice. That system was contemplated by the
old Congress under the confederation ; they
repeatedly solicited the Sates to vest then)
with power to levy an import. The refufal
of those States principally interfiled in im
portations, in a great measure produced the
neceflity for a convention. The covention
calculated upon the imports to fopport the
government they recommended to the peo
ple. The rights of general taxation were
giieu that the powers of the government
might be equal to every exigency. When
,the federal government went into operation,
I the [reft nt I,llcm 1? imperil was adopted by
I general consent ; many of the oniceis of the
Igovernment and friends of the adminiftra
ition, were eminently ufcful in its eUablifh
ment.
Indeed one principal objection againß the
late order of things was, the late aUmmißra
- would not rely upon import a^ne for re
venue, but inerted upon eftablilhing the fan p
tax, and a general system of internal taxa
tion, oppirfine to the interior, expensive in
toe extreme, and productive o' daily em
-IbarreLucrus. Oi those who possess a kuou l
,edge 1 public affairs, who is there that can
' deny these facts r ]'roan what source then
docs L e opposition derive its pretentions:
Among various other objefls which have
been offered agaudt the reduction of taxes,
it has been said that people were naturally
averse to taxation, and with difficulty bro't
to submit to new contributions. That these
systems were in operation, the people had
become accußomed to them, and it was most
wife and prudent to retain them ; because
they might be wanted at some future day.
This objection amounts to this : “ lea
mis tax the people when \ou do not want their
money, to be able to tax them when you do want
it."
In countries where the iron hand of des
potism rules, where the miefefts of the
lovereign are dillintl from, and opposed to,;
the inroreßs of the fubjed, where tear binds
him to bis matter, it is undoubtedly necessary
io keep tart the chains by which he is bound.
H< w diliimilar is our case r If the revenues
are wifely and judicious, expended, the exi
gencies of the Bate are the exigencies of the
people themselves. 'I he government is theirs.
Its objccls, their happiness—They mould
and fortlion it to ibeir own liking, and there
is no one to fay, “ why do ye so." Can it
be poflible that a people so circumllaneed
will rclufe thole contributions, which their
own security and happiness demand U
Here again let us tell this objection by
xpefience. In the war of 1757 the people
,1 these Bates contributed with liberality to
us support. They have flruggled tlr ugh
and (upported an arduous w ar ot eight years,
with an unanimity unparalleled in the hirtor,
f nations.
Ihi) have submitted quietly to the cxift
41g taxes, and to all thole which have been
rw pled, with the solitary exception of the
discontents which have been manifefted b.y
three or four counties in Pennfyhania. A
part of these difeontents, probably, would
have been cafily allayed, had not the then
fecrctary of the treasury believed them cal
culated to further bis views, i boldly chal
lenge the enemies 01 the government to pro
duce Loin the annals of the world a
people, who have more uniformly ) ielded a
ready obedience to law or more cheerfully
contributed to the necessities of Bate. Yet
in every inflance when the governments no
longer wanted the taxes, the people were
relieved from th<m. For my own part I§
acknowledge 1 teel indignant when I reflect :
upon the objection I have combated. 1;
pledge myfeir voluntarily to contribute my
proportion of whatever the ntcclkties of
government may require, and 1 enter my
lolcmn protell agaiuß being taxed tin
necctfarily, for the purpole ot grilling me.
A former secretary of the treasury, and*
many of his adherents, have adv. calcri as
principle, which, it correa, certainly provesl
the internal taxes ought not to have been ;
repeated. It is this: °that tit peoples
ought to be taxed as far as tbe, can pay." I1
diflent from this principle ; it will produce |
a despotism. To that fy^ries or govern-1
ment it is cffennally nccellary ; tor an indc-1
pendent yeomanry will never he (Eves. 1
IWhile the foil is owned and cultivated by;
Ithe fame perbris, liberty is fate. But ro.ro
lopprefs tile people with a system of taxa-
j lion, which (hall bring the dais of niche-;
;rate planters and farmers in arrear, although !
I the deficit may be small, Bill, eventually,
lit will produce the effect. A conlumption
will prey upon the vitals of tiro republic.
The nation will become a body of landlords
and tenants; one clais rich, the other poor
and dependent : or in other words, one
; will become matters, and the other ilavts.|
I To give health to me natural body, thel
; blood must flow with regularity, and in due :
Iproportion to all its parts ; so, to give vigor;
landIand vital energy to the body puling, the at-i
Itention of government mult be directed to)
jall. The interests of all muff be confuted. ।
I While the rich are protected, the HdcrctN otl
I the common citizens Ihould be carefully
!guarded, and tenderly watched over: [hat
I inequality which the nature of these is con
'flantly producing, should be checked in its
[career, not fofkred and accelerated in its
progress : of conference government should
levy us few taxes as poflible ; beetle in
whatever 11i>d they are levied, the body of
the people muff pay the greater proportion
cithcin, and they arc not wealthy. The
constant pießuic of tr\.s will depiefs them.
Lock to the nations Who have gone before us.
(Io be continued.)
C— CTCTCT >C PCTT C CT __rt-a^~t—CT—racmtrcCTQQqtH^
; -
Latest by the Mails.
Savannah, (Geo.) April 28.
On Monday trie i&h info me followir_ r f
<lution was introduced in the Erodlaturen
this Bate, ami has probably .paked.
'' On motion —
'' ritfolv d, that mis Leyulattire repo'r;
I perfc6i confidence in the Profdent of the
United States — i hat bound mdutv, and by
a common interest to fup„ri the Fuhr.^
G merriment, to participate in el its Gdtir.tes
tocherifo a pacific Spirit in the adminiftra
t!on as cfer uai to the pr<fperitv of a riling
Country. Ii is kgsWine views with (cri
°tiy:oncern, the late iniraaion of the 1 rea
.y 61 San Lorenzo el lb.d, and hereby
pledges the relouices of Georgia for the vin-
Gicatien of our national honor, and the re
covery of our rights wrongfully withheld by
Spain.
“ That the poffeffi< n and settlement of Lo
uisiana by France, but more particlarly the
contemplated fcttlement of East and Weft
Florida by the fame nation, and are caufcs of
ft rices a arm tothe good 1 cople of thi^ Com
monwealth, who occupy a frontier ot the
U. States, cultivating the arts of peace, and
whole territoiy will be exposed to enterpriz
ing and ambitious neighbours: This Leg
iPature has confidence that lech measures
w.ll be adopted by the general government
as are belt calculated to maintain trie peace
and integrity of Georgia.
NEW-YORK, MAY I 6.
We are informed, that on Saturday morn
ing last, while the taßern mail was making
up at the Port-office, William H. Burbridge,
one of the afßrtar.ts, secreted a letter con
taining bank bills to a considerable amount.
Col. Bauman, the Poll-Matter, miffing the
letter, charged him with the crime; on
which he coatefled the theft, and was com
mitted for trial.
I he South-Carolina is the bearer of the
calls which have been made from tome of
trie principal Itatucs in Europe, for the A
mcrican Academy of Arts lately cßabliflud
in this city.
Cte +H
COOPERSTOWN, March or.
On T^efilay piternoun, during the absence cf
Aw. Be jamin Narron, and 'ris .-role, of ine-towa
ot outtcrnais, io atie^u tee funeral of their only
chun, o+bodiec of a wound received in falling
well a kmie}his home took fire, and as entiiley
dextro) ed, with every article it contained.
iritovroENCE, March 7.
At Cnmberhnd, about three weeks force, a man
having han ieme o.ipu e with his i<ro' v ite, in the
heat of his patron, threw an tnipty cafle, which
liruck her in the tide ; this accident is said to have
brought cn a premature labor, and foe died.
I'iic man was brought acre on Monday lull, and
compiled lot oul.
EOSfON, MAY 19.
FROM ROl TERD.AU.
Capt. Eoyt arrived here on Tlmrjday, from
Rottevaam, informs that trie fpcedy commence
meat ot war was generally expected there; and
liba1 iba many Enghfn roeichinu.nn tad quitted Hui
-Iland, in allalt from that expectation. lie also
Ifur1 fur lulled a hi: ot twel.ene.ural veflels, w Inch had
;been chartered by the finch Government at Hori
7oeiJQs,:o c rry licnch troops to Louifiara.
Ot u.cfc u;. g,, icteu arc Americans, and live
Danes and S.vcd~s, Gi the Americans, are the
Cicero Ariauis, of New bury -Port, having 273
troops on Board ; and the Hampden, Holbrook,
0! Hampden, Laying ^co. The total number 09 ^
board roefe ven Is is 30403. Iley are 10 be accum
; panied b, the inr.ee, of 40 gms, the Libre,
lofI of 30, a ichoonef, am. . Bore-Pop.
1 a letter troru one oi the no Bros of the veflels
; mentioned in the preceding ptagraph, dated,
I Rotterdam, Apr 1 5, lays, “V e have had all cur
I troops on board these tl ree weeks, bat dare not p 3
Ito fta, beertrie <ll Ei giifn (gundrai: is laying in
I wait for us.* 1 cannut conjecture when we (ball
I fail. The French fa, they will pay us demurage;
ibut I have my letis on the taj.ct. The wage#
land provisions wip require all the, freight money.
I We are truly in a very difagrteabie livnarion.
I * The Ecfifcfere, in the North Seas, at the
; date =j tha tu; .vcj i ftiifthe lire, 2 ffty
' .ynitfmys, 15 jligates, a:.J ;0 jTufes cj u u# —
; in ail, 34.
S.HNT DODJINCO.
An official account has been pobhfhed, of the
landing at Trcenm, the troiemug oi March, of a
battalion ot Itinch troops ; who fought their way,
with the bayonet, to /lux-Cities. The opposi
tion and difficulties they met with, were formid
able and numerous ; b : t they gallantly surmount
ed them all. Their loss is tinted at 50 killed and
I wounded ; —that of the brigands effmated at ico
I killed and 400 wounded. The ammunition which
had been hured at Aux-Cayes was ordered on
;board fluionary vefels.
I The lad accounts front Aux-Cayes, are. to the
Il9th Api'd ; at that time defektion miked the
I face ot the once mod beautiful and furtile i£<nd
[ in the world. Ao colonial produce to be had—
-Ihckiufs ptedominaut—the plains and mountains
lin the pohefiion of the blacks; fkrniifbes very of.
ten taking place in the vicinity of the towns: On
ly two or three places from Jacmel down, in pof
teffion of the Trench, arid all the men rod women
who cm get away are leaving the Ifhud. Fire
thousand troops were daily expected from France
to reinforce these in tire foutheru department.