The Republican ledger — Portsmouth, N.H., 1800-10-21 00:00:00, page 1

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From a London Paper.
Substitutes, for bread*
1X7 HILE our n ° bllit ' are generously
V V eating brown bread forthe good of
the country, it gives me much pleasure to
find that the newspapers are no less gener
ously fecoriding their efforts, by recommend-^
ing various substitutes for bread, and that
the Lady Bountifuls of the metropolis have
given up the entire xoppy-rigbt of Sunday
puddings and cakes, which may be used instead
of bread.,
l should be sorry if my peh were idle oh
such an occasion. Permit me, therefore, to
recommend, what I have fr<Tm experience
found to be excellent fubftitdtes for bread ;
x and what, you will perceive, are not only as
well furred to the ability of the common peo
ple as any Which have been recommended,
but also must be easily procured by a million
abounding, in wealth and commerce, the na
tural consequences of a fuccefsful, just, and
• seceffary war.
My frft substitute, Sir ^'butcher's meat
of every kind, particularly veal and beef,
neither of which are yet at afoiling a pound.
Houfelamb, vri\zn in season, is also an ex
cellent substitute : a quarter of house-lamb
Seldom exceeds twelve oxfourteen /billings,and :
would make one very good meal for a man,
his wife, arid four children.
Poultry has lately been so moderate, that
it is wonderful it has not been more used.
. At all times, a couple of nice chickens may
he had for seven or eight footings ; and I am
certain the poor would find them exceeding'
ly relishing if they would but make a trial.
But my great and grand fubffitutes yet re
main— tofa and turtle. Venison is very
dieap this year, owing to the difeontinuance
of public dinners ; arid you will please to ob
serve, that ft has a^perior advantage to ev
ery other kind of meat maTuuch as the
monopolizing and foreftalling butchers can-:
not take in the public, because none of them,
deal in the article. 1 lately dined on a vejy
fine haunch, which cost only two pounds,four
teen foillings, and as we are to have no more'
public dinners, I have no dokbt that the
price will soon fall, perhaps, to a couple ol
guineas. A haunch of this price would, I
imagine, serve for dinner for fix men ol
good appetite—besides what might be Serv
ed up next day in the form of a haffi. I
am greatly mistaken, if the poor would not
take very kindly to this diet; Were it once
let before them. . ~
As to turtle, which will be soon plenty;
from the arrival of the Weft-India fleet,
and cheap from the fame cause as the veni
son, I need fcarctly fay how very nourish
ing it is ;in that refpea,' indeed, ekceling
all other food.. The fuccels of our armies
• in Flanders is justly imputed to the Com
miffioners' ordering great quantities of plump
turtles to be feat oven There can be little
doubt that the price will not exceed eight
fillings a quart ; and at that price, I am
fore, the poor would find it amoft delicious
and palatable food, provided they have no na
tural antipathy to it, as people foretimes
have for what they are not used to. By
way of inducing them to give tip such whims
- they might be advised to take a rummer-glajs
ofpunch between every three or four mouth
fuls, which I have always found very relilh
ing Indeed, this isa fad which has often
been fworr to before the Aldermen of Lon
don.
To,thefe valuable substitutes for bread —
and, by the bye, before I proceed one step
*The above wbim fical letter' appeared at the
time of the great fcapcity, when the Privy Conn
cilveeommended the eating of meat and vegeta
bles as fubttrtutes for bread. This was very wife,
meat and vegetables being dill dearer than the ar &
tide in Head of which they were to be used. Oth
er persons, with Sir John Sinclair,and neconomifts
of the fame itamp, at their head, made bread o!
'flour & potatoes mixed. This was also very wife;
as a very indifferent compound was produced by
the combination of two things, perfectly good (
^ when eaten alone, without a tingle grain of sos
• tenance bein^ gained. Others fird made potatoes
into flour, and , hen into bread. This was wffer
' I for by these means much of the netrifous
fnbtatce of the potatoe was loft, the fcecular, by
far the fouler part, being alone preserved., In
<hnrt not one of the wife heads, who are good e
to regulate all our concerns, was able to
discover that the only remedy tor a ,rci% is
th diminish the consumption, of increafette itock
Efrons; till a ttart fe ar ^^'^f^
could not and a bounty was given for the impor
tation of sorb' ",
NUMBER 9.— VOL. ll.]
“ WHEN YOU SHALL THESE DEEDS RELATE, SPEAK OF THEM AS THEY ARE ; NOTHING EXTENUATE NOR SET DOWN OUGHT IN MALICE."
PORTSMOUTH, (NEW^HAMPSHIRE) PRINTED BY NUTTING & WHITELOCK, MULBERRY LANE\ ADJOINING ROUSSELETs MUSEUM.
The Republican Ledger.
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firther, let ms remark, that it is the opin
ion of many learned physicians, that bread
is not quite; so wholesome as some people ig
norantly think. They fay that it creates
wind. Now, if the exigence of wind be
known by .its eftdls, 1 think it is very ob
vious that the,poor are afflicted with it, from
this very cause —for among the poor you
are always fore to hear mc< grumbling than
amongihe rich ; it is but fair to attribute
this to their riot being able to raise the wind.
Such would riot be the case, if they could be*
induced to use the diet I herb recommend.
Leaving this dtgreffion, let me observe,
that to the above substitutes for bread, may
be added fifh of all kinds, particularly tur
bot, with lobfer-fauce, which is highly nour
ishing, and tar more fattening than the pro
duce of a wheat field can possibly be. Now,
Sir; a very nice turbot may be bought for/e
--ven or eight Jbillings and serve three moder
ate eaters very well. Indeed, I have made
all my calculations for the scale of moder
ate eaters, because my obje&s is to serve the
poor, who are confeffedly of that class.&
With refpea to vegetables, they ought
unqpeftionably to accompany the above
course of diet ; but they ought to be eaten on^
ly at the beginning of the season, when they
are yoting. The fame remark may be ex
tended to fruit, particularly pines, melons,
and peaches. A very good sized pine may
now be purchased for fifteen foldings, and
is a most delicious fruit. But I muftcon
fefs, that I would not have the poor to in
dulge too much in these articles, unless they
fare plenty, and the warmth of the weather
requires a vegetable regimen.
It may be expelled I ffiould fay fome
ihing of liquors ; with regard to them 11
have, however, only to remark, that gin is a
very unwholesome liquor, and is lately risen 1
in price. Wine is much more to be pre- 1
ferred ; but in order to drink it pure, it
should be purchased in the pipe, and kept
for some time before it is bottled.— Experto
crede.-A think that, in the present Rate of
affairs, French wirtfes may be dispensed with
by the poor.,
Having thus difeharged a duty to them
and to the public at large, I am, Sir,
Your most obedient servant.
MAZARINE MUNCHET.
—:— —-—-— —ctftf^^^nnß~^^ —
An ORATION.
The following excellent Oration vue sere- -
fume will be read with pleasure by every
friend to Republicanism, it was pronounced
in Providence, Rhode-Ifland, on the 4th
July, 1800.
Br Jonathan Russell, Esq.
IT is a magnificent fpe&acle to behold a
great people annually crouding their
temples to consecrate the anniversary of
their sovereignty. On this occasion the
heart of every true American beats high
with a just and noble pride. He ftlll hears
the illustrious Fathers of his Country, ap
pealing to the Supreme Judge of the World
for the reaitude of their condu&, declare
that the United States "Are, and of
RIGHT OUGAT to BE FREE AND INDE
PENDENT." The black catalogue of inju
ry, abuse, contempt and crime, which ex
hausted forbearance, and drove us to refin
ance, rufhe^on his mind. He passes in re
view these great men who then burst upon .
the world, and who, endowed with every •
virtue and every talent which could fit them
for tbe arduous talk in which they were en
gaged, appeared to be exprefsiy cpmmiffi
oned by Heaven to rule the storm of revo
lution. It was then indeed that human na
ture, which for eighteen centuries had ap
peared nearly to have loft those qualities
which alone enoble it, and recovered the
luftre with which it ffione in the happiest
days of antiquity.
On the islands of the Adriatic, the moun
tains of-Bifcay, and the rocks of Uri, the
spirit of Liberty had indeed fuccefsfully
fought a refuge, but driven at last, from all
that could delight her on earth, she had al
ready flapped her wings on the glacier of
Switzerland, and taking her flight towarcs
Heaven— The American people rose—they
burst their fetters—they hurled them at
their oppressors—they ihouted they were
FREE —The found broke across the Atlan
tic—it took the fogwrapt island of Britain,
and re-echoed along the Alps. Theafeend- ft
ing spirit heard it—the recognized in it the
voice -of her ele& and holding her corirfe
westward, she rejoicing law her incense rife
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1800.
from a thousand altars. Her presence af
fiired our triumph. Painful however was
the struggle, and terrible the confli& which
obtained that triumph—our,harbors filled
with hofli^ fleets-—our fields ravaged—our
cities wrapt in flames—a numerous, vete
ran and unprincipled enemy let loose upon
us—our army thined by battles— walked by
fickaefs—diftrufted by treachery and deser
tion—a prey to every species of privation ;
and reduced to the last misery next despair—
Even &n, however, this little army Shew
ed themselves worthy the holy cause for
which they contended. Driven from Long-
Ifland—from the heights of Harlem—from
White-Plains, pursued from post to poft,.e
ven to beyond the Delaware —they would
often turn upon their infiilting so
mingling their blood with the melting > lava
of the cannon's mouth, foretel them of Tren
ton, Germantown and Monmouth.
But it was not in the ardent confli&s of the
field only that our countryman fell ; it was
not the ordinary chances of war alone, which
they had to encounter. Happy indeed, and
thrice happy were Warren, Montgomery
and Mercer—happy those othet gallent spir
its who fell with glory in the heat of battle
distinguished by their country and covered
with her applause. Every foul sensible to
honor, envies rather than compassionates
their fate. It was in the dungeons of our
inhuman invaders ; it was in their loath
some and peftiferons prifon-thips, that the
wretchedness of our enuntrymen still makes
the heart bleed. It Was there' that hunger,
and thirst, and disease, "arid all contumely
coldhearted cruelty could bestow, Sharpened
every pang of death. Misery there wrung
every fibre that could feel before the gave
the blow of grace which sent the fufferef to
eternity. It is laid that poison wasemploy
ed. No—there Was no such mercy there—
There nothing was employed which could
blunt the fufeeptibility to anguish, or which
by hastening death could rob its agonies ol
a single pang. On board one only of these
prison ships above eleven thotfand of our
brave countrymen are said to have perished.
She was called the Jersey. —Her wreck still
remains, and at low ebb prefects tothe world
itsaccurfed and blighted fragments. Twice
in twenty-four hours the winds of Heaven
sigh through it, and repeat the groans of our
expiring countrymen, and twice the ocean
hides in her bosom those deadly and polluted
ruins, which all her waters cannot purify.
Every rain that defeends waffies from the
unconsecrated bank the bones of those intre
pid fufferers. They lie naked on the Ihore
accusing the neglect of their cohntrymen.
How long (hall gratitude and even pity de
ny them burial. They ought to be collect
ed in one vast offery, Which fball, stand a
monument to future ages of the two ex
tremes of the human charader ; of that de
pravity which trampling on the rights of
misfortune, perpetrated cold and calculating
murder on a wretched And defencelefs pris
oner, and that virtue which animated this
prisoner to die a willing martyr for his coun
try. Or rather, were it possible, there
ought to be raised a Colossal Collumn, whose
base finking to belly should let the murder
ers read their infamy fubferibed on it, and
whose capital of Corintrain laurel ascending
to Heaven should Ihow the fainted Patriots
that they have triumphed.
- Deep and dreadful as the colouring of
this pi&ure may appear, it is but a faint and
imperfed sketch of the original. You must
remember a thousand unutterable catamites,
a thousand instances of domestic as well as
national anxiety and distress, which mock
description. You ought to remember them
you ought to hand them down in tradition to
your posterity, that may know the awful
price your fathers paid for freedom.
It would be well however admidft these
bitter recollections, to suppress if possible
the muttered curse of indignation ;to pass
in fileace over the name of that nation which
was our enemy ; and if the effort is not a
bove human magnanimity, to hold her with
out antipathy, "as we hold the rest of man
kind, enemies in war, in peace fiiends/%Q^
all the paffionswhich vex the foumart hrtatL'
there is none perhaps which dupes flupitiity
or excites malevolence like national antipa
thy. It hangs with adark malignity about
the heart, and gives a tone to all its e|no
uons. It violates not only the evangelical
precepts which enjoins the forgivenefs of in-
j tries, but difregardiog the maxims onjuf
tice and even of common sense, it denies to
virtue its excellence, it taty from crimes its
[I DOL. 50 CTS. PER ANNUM.
guilt, and disturbs society by a tjiri&us de
nunciation of vengeance without being able
to assign its provocation. ,To a man under
the influence of this unhappy malady, the
manners of the unconscious foreigner, his
language, his food, and even the fashions cf
his coat are sources of uneasiness:. But this
is not all : He who has once juftified him
fclf in hjs hatred to a part of the human race
has surmounted .the firft great barrier to
crime, benevolence. When Amilear took
Hannibal at only nine years old to the alter
and made.him fwenr eternal enmity to the
Romans, he violated the most sacred duties
of the Fatherand the Man. He ought to
have filled the heart of his son with benev
olence for the promotion of his felicity, and
that of his fellow men. Was there not
malignity enough in the human breath with
out exacting a guarantee for its hatred'; or
was it to be feared that Hannibal would
too easily have forgiven his enemies unless
forbid by the awful religion of an oath r Na
tional antipathy has been the low and igno
ble policy employed by some governments
to secure support in the wild wars of their
ambition bitt it is a policy which deeply
affronts the people with whom it isemplov
ed, a re'i c y "hich I trust the just and noble
spirit of every American will Jpurn —What
—must we be led to believe that the rest of
mankind are fools and villains before we can
have a good opinion of our own wisdom and
virtue, or mult we be worked into an idea
that they are all cowards before we dare to
place a confidence in our own courage. No
—let us have the geneiofity, the magnanim
ity, the justice, to give all nations their due ;
let us dwell on those qualities which exalt
rather than those which disgrace them, and
let us found our glory on our own worth and
not on their defects'.
The two great obje&s which "divide the
industry of the world are agriculture and
commerce. Statefmeh and moralists have
calculated the effects which each of these
has on the manners and opinions of man
kind. They have beeh generally inclined
to believe that commerce corrupts and makes
mankind venal. Among the adversaries,
however, of extensive commercial intcr
courfe, will often be found men too deeply
impressed with the charms of a country life,
or those who have received difeuft from the
anxieties & difappointmentsoflrade. They
reflea that Carthage was the most commer
cial nation of antiquity, and there so little
regard was paid to the principles of integri
ty /hat Punic faith become proverbial.thro'-
out Hamburgh. This city, which in a
high and pompous Rile calls herfelf free and
imperial, is purely commercial. Confined
within her ramparts, she bolds no inter
course with nature, and It is scarcely known
by some of her inhabitants, whether the ve
getables they eat are not manufactured like
the clothes they wear. They have no fafh
ions, no manners, and scarce a language of
their own. They never think of their God
unless it be to effect an insurance against
his dispensations. People of all nations and
tongues resort there ; and when the citizens ~"
of this mighty republic assemble on their
Exchange, which to them is the Camp ,of
Mars, they form a motley group of differ
ent form and complexion, of different man
ners and religion, of different accents and
dress from all the different quarters of the
Wprld, united and alike aloge in their object,
that of making money. There many a bat
tle is fought, kings dethroned, and nations
conquered for a half per cent —Money is
their great good ; every thing is bought and
fold, hospitality herfelt is set upon the tariff,
and they will almott give you the price cur
rent of an oath.' Talk to a Hamburgher,
who probably was firft a Dutchman, a Rag
\ifon, a Genoefe, Or an Englishman, about
the love of country, and he will thick you
mad—he has no country. Talk to him a
bout liberty and he will praise if, because he
thinks you fnean a free trade. He troubles
himfelf no further with the political chang
es in the world than theylaffea the markets,
and if he'has a preference forgone country
above another, k is that wherAhe bell pec
ulation is to be made. Such is & sombre
pencil with which commerce is pourtrayed.
Agriculture is touched with brighter col
ours.—lt ill remembered that in the early
days of Rome every thing virtuous and
honorable was foeml among the rural tribes.
The cultivation of the foil gives health and
vigor to the budv,an,d puji, and tranquility
to the mind. The human form attains in%
the labors of the firid foM,^ developc
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