The Republican ledger — Portsmouth, N.H., 1801-04-28 00:00:00, page 2

An attempt wayalfo madete retied tfe;
aw, for flopping tire intercourse which,
fiance ; this, however, failed. The jrue
design of this Uw was, to enrich the eafteyo
merchants, at the expense of the Southern
farmer; This uriworthy policy, has pre
riled too long ; and is But an ungenerous re
turn for the bounty which the caftern navi
gation obtained, originally at the recom
mendation of Mr: Jefferfon as may be seen,
by a reference tohis reports, while Secreta
ry of State; ':> '
- Several new riaval projeds were prefent-'
ed during the fellion; but they ended in a
bill providing for a nival peace establish
ment, by which the President" is authorifed
to fell all the public ships of war after dis.
mapping them pf naval and military (lores,
excepting tirefrigates United States, Pre(i
rtent, Chesapeake. Constellation, Philadel
phia, Congrefe, New-York, Button, Lffex,,
.Adams Jan Adams, and, General Green ;
.fix ofthefe to be on corfflant service, and
the rest laid up.' This bill as it went from
itie House of representatives contained a
claufg for saving to the public the enormous'
,expense of that useless body,lhe' corps of
marines, but the Senate to 'fecure sinecures
to a favourite, (truck out the elaufe, and the.
lateness of the timefoot admitting the in
troduction of a new bill our house was un-,
der the necelliiy. of fubmiuing to the incum
brance of another year,
A law ye„ extraordinary in its origin, &
its, end, pafled this feffiion ; I mean the ju
dici^ry Law, which you may recol|e& was
Introduced in the previous session in an ex
travagant form. The features of it were
foftened down in this session, and it has pas
sed both houses. ^This law I confider as
one ofthofe bold strokes which has unfor
tunately (truck home. ,lt creates a holt of
judges marshals, attorneys, clerks, &c. &c.
and it is calculated, if it could endure, to un
hinge the state governments, and render the
Bate courts contemptible, while it places the
courts of law in the hands of the creatures
of those who have loft the confidence of the
people by their mifcdndu& The insidi
ousness of its design has beehequalcd only
by the (hamelefs manher ofjts being car
tied into execution. The Conftitutipn dif
abl.es any member of COngr.efif'frbnf filling
an office created during his period 'bf Ser
vice. The late President removed persons
from other branches of the Judiciary, tp the•
offices created by this law.' arid jhen put:
members of Congress into the thus vacated
offices ; this disgraceful abuse Was continu
ed to the latest hour of the late President's
holding tiis office. The public papers w ill
tell you more on this fubjed, than I think
fit to prefect to you. The votes inour house
on its patfage were, for it 51, against it 43.
Although my vote would not have been of
any use, I ttjll regret that the melancholy
occasion which caused my absence, also pre
vented my- adding another vote to the minor
ity ; for this law can be confideredfin no;
other light than* as" providing pehfions Tor,
the principals and adherants ofa party. The:
evil however, will not I trust be durable,
and as it was founded in fraud, the return
of a wiser system, will release the country
from the shame and imposition.
A few days before the meeting of Con
gress, a fire broke out in the - War-office,
which confirmed many valuable records and
works of a rare kind, rim to, be replaced :
about the 20th January a fire brok put .in
the federal mapufaaoiv of arms at Spring
field, (Massachusetts) by which ^ll the Vari
ous implements arid materials to ah jmmenfe
value were cenfomed. About the fame pe
riod the treasury office in this place was also
fa on fire. Three fires thus succeeding
each other, at a period, when patronage and
the fecretsof office were about to be transfer
ed to different hands,could not but excite the
worst suspicions; after much enquiry on the
fubjea, the only thing difcover'd is that nobody
knows ally thing, about, the-origin of the fires !
The event molt flattering and important
to this Country, and which has most engag
ed the public mind, is the election of Mr.
Jefferfon to-be Pfefiderit, mid Mr, Burr,
VippPrefident, of the. United States. This
took place on ehe ityh,February, after a
long and remarkable conieft; ? rtcw° in its^
charaaer, bit happy fin- its' termination.
You must have heard,,bay Mr. Jefferfon and
Burr had anequal nuenbetof vptes;; in cpn
feqaendlof which^tev.Qlved ^qntfe Hpufe
of Rfprefentatifajo yd;e by Stales,, e^ch
having a fingle'vote by; the fevenih. d^
without adjourning, an^ every hour
the whole'of tficfortnight, the 36th ballot
giye MfyJefferfon'iOL^ Mr.
tirr 4; and two Rates 'that gave blank
votes; the whole qf tfofe bufcefs,as well as
the GQMntingAhd^ con
< trary to all former nfege, andyprihe shame
of the pro, ofers, was iradfaqCT with closed.
doom. I am hapfflto fay that ,0 repub
lican member countenanced this justly fuf
piciops myAerious mode of ttanfa&ing the
• business of the people—-and that it is not
/ likely to be attorn pted again. ^ ~ , ,;
The tfsmph:of republican governmeptis
on this occasion signal and decisive ; designs
were entertained, and a bill W^ framed ty,
a* Nevi?£np&° Senator for placing'a
iperfon in tn the Presidential chair, to the•
exclusion of the popular choice „ but know-I
mg that “ the Jame mailthat fbould carry L
way the news of the delate, of an u/upeje,
would also eatery away the tidings of bis death,
the scheme was abandoned. -<
' Unspeakable farisfaaiop and .univerfiil
confidence in the talents arid integrity of the
new administration, has now succeeded tfe
agnation of the piitilic mindr Mr. James
Madiibn, of Virginia; whose fpUndid qiral-:
ificariuns and virtue are so well known, is
appointed fecretafy. of fate.; the death of
Mr. Mkdifop's father keeps the office yet
unfilled by him; the duties are at prefect
performed by Mr/ Leyi Lincoln, of Massa
chusetts, who is appointed Attorney-general|
in the room of Charles Lee. Mr. Lincoln|
is a man of '7 6 ? an eminent lawyer, & along
time a judge ,of tfe fw#teft'mahnefs; and{
totally exempt hem the rarj^orous temper ;
which has been displayed by ft) many of the;
eastern delegation. GeßeFalDcaiburn,one
of the old '76 school, also. from New-Eng-,
land is appointed secretary of war ; the na-1
vy department is yet vacant,. Chancellor
Livington of New-York, is appointed am
baffidor to 'France, his charaaer is' well
known for (leadinefs jo old principles and
for dignified talants. The Subordinate ap- v
pointmerits will be made deliberately ; the
spirit of persecution so confyicppus for some
years pars wist notbe.imitated ; and Amer-i
ica is likely to be once more united as a
people, under the adihiniftfAtion of the au
thoLofthq, declaration of American inde
feffifib'^ <,? ~MI. ..
In reviewing the tranfaaions at home, it
is impossible not to feel the happy conse
quences which must result from the change
that has taken place with regard to foreign'
nations. It is in vain to di^ife the fhamfc
ful truth our'rights as a neutral nation and
even our independence have been facrifided
by the m&ifqres pprfued for tome years pat
Arid we have now to trace back all the iteps
and cofrea all the errors, in which we, have
been involved, through the vices or the
blindness of those who were intruded with
the administration of our government. The
news down to the 14th of January from Eu
rope, is of very high.moment, and by the
operation of public, fenriment, we are in a
fairway of being extricated from a situation
which with allihe advantages of of our re
moteness from the feenes of war, could not
but have a,tendency to- involve us in feiious
difficulties, with one or, other oflhe bellige-;
rent powers. It is our interen at all times,
to be free fityrafe entanglements of ^uro-f
pean conpexipps.". There is nq reason ,o[
believe that the French ever could or ever;
can have any inttieft ^injuring us ; nor a-'i
ny cause of jealbufy^againft usfbuti fceti as
might aiife from our leaguing, secretly a
gainst her. As k nation, which; from the
great progress foe has made during thisjnoft^
eventful war, promises very fbortly to fiv@r
England in her mod fruitful manufactures.
France would require the friendship of our
country as a market for her commodities,
but with the great resources which Egypt
and the falling empire of Turkey offer to
her, (he could do wholly without us. The
very reverse is out relation with England.—
To her we are pfjhe firft consequence ;and
in a peculiar manner at the present time.—
The scarcity which afflicts that country At
present, gives a balance in our favor, -but
before, and probably,after that calamity has
ceased, the balance of trade was and would
be immensely againft.us. The treaty with
France, And the election of men of Known
talents, experience, arid probity to the ad
miniteration, will secure us the confidence,
and what we had wholly & deservedly loft,
the refpe& of that country. The refpca or
confidence of Great Britain we Keyer had,
and it is not in the nature of things to ex
pert that they can for a century to come
forgive or forget that we were once her
fubjed colonies. Iri proportion as we had
departed from the found maxims of our re
volution and republican government, Great
Britain, rejoiced, and it is worthy of re-,
membrance that odr burthens and ektrava-.
gance kept pa&jwftty her rejoicing^That1
nation by the recent events is lrnv@,^,;
very interesting crifts : a peace between
France and AuftrhChfe probsi*typh#;
in con sequence of fev^ral signal vi&>tfao&
rained by the French, , and by^hfehmfy
were . enabled 10 approach within tai few |
leagues Os Vienna, With i Viaotiou^^^
of more than 150,000 men under General
Moreau, At ifefamfylime, @%^
the French under Brune in Italy gained fun
iar victories, defeating the Auftriansytakirig
Verena and ^felitera, by storm, amd com
pletely blfekading Mantua. The ;
vent was not known when the Emperorffc.
ed for a truce in the neighbourhood of VW
enna, arid when a treaty tfpeWfW#>Jign-;
ed between them. Th, copfequences of these;
events urfiobe considered in ,WQ,ligh,s —,1
lit As enabling the §Bs @M*& °"
those immenfe an^ triumphantir'm& from
Germany, apd.difppfe erfNiiro to any other
inqde; which,heir policy % ambition may!
fugged,..
" 2d. As it regards the arm^ff:
the Northaf Europe. You will remember
that during our /evolutidp, the powers of the
north had entered ioto a treaty by which
they bound-each others to protest their ships
fefpetyya^fy^theirtetftral rommel°ce.-=-
Tfe faipe piojea. was 'revived a (hurt time
ig<%in confequence.of the indifejiminate
depreciations of Great Britain upon neutrals ;(
Und Ryffii, Sweden; and ' deimpark, iri con
nexion with Prussia, have already Signed a
treat, cffa similar ^ffe&. The British had
the folly and the during, ,10 fend a fleet to
menace Copenhagen last fitmmer, and to
deter Denmark Tita entering into this
league. • 'The superior address "(ff Count
&.(Qftorff,jhe Dariilh Minilter,(nephew of:
the eelebreted Count of the fame name)
prevailed by a diplomatic ftretko ; —the Bri-,
ti(h fleet was withdrawn ; but the treaty of
armed neutrality was signed. In confe
queqce of this the British have ordered let-!
ters of marque against the (hip. of those
powers, who in return, have cut off the
Britith trade to the Baltic. r
' By t|his meins, the British are left in a ,
great measure, dependent on us forf^'
(lores, and no doubt, our prefent' fagAcious(
statesmen will converts the occafinn to, ufe,l
to extricate us from the difficulties iri.which"
their predecessors h^d involved us. J can-|
not avoid in this place noticing the advan
tages which we possess, as an elective gov-;
ernraent, over those that are b^editary.—
'Had our late President accomplished his .fa
vpurite system of monarchy, we ilmuld have
the curse ot his errors entailed on us ; for
his son, was the niinifter, who pegpeiated
that treaty with Prussia, which I believ was
noticed in one of my letters of last feffion,'
whefein he laboured, contrary to the opin
ions of the Prussian Miniitery to facrifice
the principles of neutral rights at sea;
This is as full a view of ourpublic affairs
domestic, and foreign, as the nature of this
communication will admit: Theirs are some
topics which I have not touched upon, be
cause nothing conclusive can be fa id about
them at this time. All I can add, is a sin
cere hope, that we may all feel the benefit
cient effeas of the change that has taken
place, and duly value the blessings which
our eleaive government enable us at all
times to secure ; and that though fuccefsful
io extruding ourselves from the dangers to
which our (lumbers had fubjeaed us, we
(hall always keep in mind that we must ne
ver cease to be watchful, if we are deter
mided to be free.;
In this watchfulness my fellow citizens
arid constituents have always been foremoft,
their zeal for the preservation of their liber
ties, has inspired me with a peculiar pride,
in their fuffrages Strengthened and confirm
'ed my opinions on political fubjeas, and'
made we more ambitious to deferv'e the ap
pellation of their faithful servant;
JOHN FOWLER.
- , -' - ,^ the CHRONICLE.
Cbe ^igng of tbe ©rnes.
Addressed to the Men who call tbem-
Je/ves. Federalists^
“ And with what measure ye. mete, itjhaUpc mea-
Jured unto you agai&"'
THIS maxim, .however high the authority
whith has fanrijoned it, is but illy received by
men in general; Men iri authority a^e generally
in an opposition tojt.; For foch is the depravity
of the human heart, that the moment a man is
clqthed with pow^r, he is ap[W forget that he
is a man. Sometimes men. in office: appear 4ike
one faifed on stilts,. who confiders^ bis.height as
the only flandard, and quarrels with every one
tyho i{no( conformed to bjs,ltrtuo% ''He who
was well acquainted withjhe human heart, in
ftrlifted his disciples, 66 be.ye not called of men
Rabbi, for ye are all brethren;,, yet Dr. Morse,
in his book, has told the world that the Mioifters
of the gospel are the authority of the govern
menu /.
It is this difpolition, so universally incident to
the huiman race, that lie has rendered it neceffiy,
5, eleaive governments, to raise and maintain a
sense of dependence in the magistrates, on the
people whom they are called to govern.
Your party has been attemptingrto ,aife a sys
tem, .by which the chief Magiftrateand the Se
riate of the United States; should become entirely
independent ofthe great body of the citizens who
compose the nation, r The circumriances which At
that time were attached to. the country, did by
no means call for an attempt of that kind. .Ac
cording to four fonSiflertions; the eountry was
in the full tide of prosperity, and wrapt up in
the full 'robes of political happirefs. The con
clusion of course was, that you did not wish a
change TO the priqciples and form of the govern
ment cd i#reafe the national tiappinefs, but that
you might procure to yourselves degrees of dig
nity, offices of honor, arid places of emolument,
by the degradation, and if the expense of the
people. ;^ , /:
A meaftjre iri itfeif so derogatory to the honor
and deftru&lve .to the happiness of your fellow,
citizens could not have been effefted, while they
enjoyed the high privilege of freedom of dgbatye
a right jo dpi opinion on public concern; You
therefore attempted to subvert these inestimable
privileges, and to preclude the citizens of Ameri
ca from those difenffions, which the most arbitra
ry monarch, in Europe ar^ obliged to allow their
fubjefts. Could this have been effefted by Sedi
tion Laws, itrarige determinations, and by the
punishment of mqn for' abating one magistrate,
while you encouraged other men td abuse others,
yap would in fubdance have overturned the
Conffitotfon, Lookup the, indictments and pro
cesses, on which some men haye', dudec the for
mer adminiftratiorf <# the government,.been com
mitted to the pillory inti pfifon, and fee whether
the Federal papers, as they arm fafay called do
not teem with * more i^cotoo# ,bufe, and more
famous language agauit the preknt Puhdent
and adnnniuratiuih ** (
A^r. 'V^ Four purpose, rffederalizfo
the Republic cf America into a Monarchy, j on
aura it legajlyflipijnai tor ^ ^ to have
punon not corrt^ your own. You made
it a udquajjficauon jo office, not to unite with
yoUr party in .11 meafutts, without pi incipfe
diiculuon, or not to near your cockade, or not to
• figu all the papers, addieffis, ana affociatibLs
which ueie forged in the cabinet of your coun
cils. Under this idea, Col. Whipple ob hrtf
mouth, one ofthe most accurate men in his con
duct, one of the most beuevrleur men in his na
ture, and the most mild and inoffensive in bis man
ners, was removed from the Colk&orfhip, te
, caule hedid not incline to figo an Address, by you
proposed to Mr. Adams. The present Pisfiqest
has rtltored him ; and to do him justice, has been
obliged to remove a man equally unexceptiona
ble, but who could be prevailed on. from fear, to
fe, a p,per presented by Joh 4 Pearce and E. S.
Utamorc. Ahothefinan, whose exertions in the
.late Revolution had been acknowledged by the
country, was removed from die Loan-Office to
make room, for. John Pearce, who had been at all
times' enemy tothe Revolution What Was
this for.? Became Pearce loves the Enghfh Wji
aifhy, and proepaed the addr^fs which Whipple
refined tu'lign. * . "
rh^^'f^^ the gutter in Boston, ora
the re of the Britrffi Qlitution, and delivered
a " '" * y ° u r°' ft, in Pctumouth. lathis
P"^,^.^ was not quite so fuccefsful.as lie
*" exercise, which in its Nature is very
much connected with the ftiie and language tffed
in the piece^rompotiticuu zThte effort pt party
^1 was lubjefted u >@ e press ; a p<ij t became ne
, ^ ° r %r to retrieve the literal-honor of
^FjePP^ to t he Southern States,
As well as to Europe; with manufeript advertife
meats,,bat the author had never- been at any ^f t
our Univeriities or Colleges nor was ranked a
mong the Literati of the country, his fajd - that '
when he was lately .proposed as a Judge, ev'en his
own party in the Senate fee 0 „ € , observed that
the author us that thing, would not do for the ,
bench.
We have no reason to hippofe that the men wife
have been removed from offices, in other States,
w ere not remove d with as much propriety as those
have been in new -Hampshire. We cannot won
der if it flioold so happen, that Mr. Jefferfon should
rem ° v pll those whom Mr. Adams, in a fit of not'
much short of phrezfy, nominated with bis |a£
political breath. Even bis own party laughed st
!he crouded^ indigelled lifts,'which from day to
day, ^ere imposed upon them for an immediate
yea or nay. He affefted to confider his fttecefidr
as incompetent to the appointment of officers to
aid him iu the adminillratiou of the government ;
conditutionafly devolved upon him. This foc
ceffor wasele&ed by the voice of R publicauifm;
and in order to shew his diffike to the principles
of a Republican Government, Mr, Adams nomi
'b°'e M'hom he knew to be mod unfriendly
to it,lthough they were his own personal enemies,
and had been in the plan to prevent his re-elec
tion.
When the farmer administration was removing
officers for their political opinions, your party
were reminded that this was a game at which two
tides might play u ich ultimate success y but there
is something in tyranny, through every grade of
its progrels, and i^ every form it may assume,
which renders it blind to tonfequences.
You did not content yourselves with dhphcing
hi^t! toped Democrats only ; but in the disposal of
places and offices, you excluded men of real mer
it and learning, who were much better and abler
friends to the Federal. Government than you ate
yourselves, because ihey wo^ld not bow to your
measures and fubferibe to your opinions. This
fad, the public, on a moment's reflexion, will
find evidence of. The boy the untaught upflert,
the unprincipled flatterer, were drawn forward,
in preference to the open, manly charaaer, the
man of integrity, and.abil)ty, who had in the Field
arid in the Senate, defended bis country's rights&
liberties.
This could notbe of long duration,the influence
of the men whom you had aftded to treat vvjth
contempt and neglect, can never be fevered from
the people. Your machinations art detected,
your plans are subverted, and freedom is refiored
to the country^ * „
Jefferfon is a man of so much prudence, mode
ration and temper, that his.appointments his exe
cutive measures his economy, bis, real love to Re
publican principles, cannot fail to endear him to
his fellow-citizens ; be will never per fecute the
right of opinion, or try to subvert er depress the
privilege of private judgment on public concerns.
. . . . ILDERALIS.
',BOSTON, APRIL 23.
BRITISH COURTS and CRVIZERS,
Agentleman who fays he has "had ac
cess to know the particulars of the dispatch
es lately received from our Minister at Lon
don, has made the following communica
tion, of the contents to the Editors of the^
Buffon Gazette;' • 1
.",Mr. King transmitted to Lord Gren-|
villep Note in .which he acquainted hi# Ma-i
jetty's muaiUers, that he bad# in command'
from the , President of the United States, to
declare that he had viewed with serious con
cern, the frequent captures of American
property on the;high seas, by his Britanic
majesty's conifers and armed vessels, which
have been confirmed particularly in the
Weft-Indies,: by condemnations entirely
OhWarranla^ afid hnjuft-=£phtrary tp the
exi&g treaty, and to the common usage of
all civilized nations, after defetibing 'the
principles On which his MajeftyS Justice
have a&ed in the Weft- Indies=-which he
coined from documents tutytf&d him and
.in bis pofife^on, h„emonftrated in the most
feveye manner against foch violent and uri^
jlift proceedings declaring that mould thel
goyeranent,of Geegt Britain conl inue toj
foaion filch Mptyartani able depredationsl
on the American cemtnerce, his governmentl
could no longer fiipppfe that amicable and l
good undemanding which has so happily]
fab@ed between tfe two, countries was thel