National gazette. — Philadelphia [Pa.], 1793-01-16 00:00:00, page 2

triiriental to the community, and dange
rous to hiinfelf. The conrtituent ali'em
bly, in abrogating thole artificial distincti
ons which are the furelt support of monar
chical government,divert the throne ol" that
splendour which is necefl'ary to give it im
portance in the public eye, aud prepared
the way for its final fubverlion. In their
zeal against aristocracy they destroyed the
pillars of the fabric they were labouring tc
rear, and forgot that the sceptre mil (I
quickly drop from the hands of a king wht
has no hereditary nobility, dignified clergy,
and regal judicatures, to command attach
ment to his person, reverence to hisftation,
and obedience to his will. The fubftanct
of royalty being removed, the form mull
quickly vaniih ; and no other change ha:
been elfefted than what the common course
of events would have soon produced.
Mentz, which is now appended to the
French conquests, adds no finall degree o!
glory to their arms. It is very anci
ent but badly built. The place was de
fended by about fix thousand men, with ;
very numerous artillery mounted upon the
ramparts. On the 20th of Ottober a sum
mons was sent in by Gen. Cuftine, to sur
render ; with an afluraiice to the com
mandant of the city, Ki.t#Jkiiing was im
poflible to the troops oCßepublican France.
The commandant answered, thit he woulc
defend it to the 21ft. The French port:
were mceifantly cannonaded from the wall:
for upwards of 48 hours by 36 pounders,
but without effect, the balls being spent be
fore they came within 200 yards of tht
camp—in the evening a second summon:
was sent in to surrender, which was an
swered with articles of capitulation. Ii
taking this city only one foidier was killec
and two wounded.
The unfortunate French emigrants, whc
have been hitherto cantoned in the Auftri
au low countries, and who have worn the
white cockade and uniform, are now o
bliged to quit these marks of distinction
and to conform to the following mandate:
" The French Emigrants, attached to the
Bourbon princes, ihall remain no where
in the Austrian Netherlands except in the
places marked out for the cantonments oi
the army. All those found elsewhere are
to be arretted, by military force, if neces
sary, and sent back to the army ; and ii
cal'eof the molt trifling re!ifta/ice,to be pu
nished as enemies of the public peace.—
Such emigrants, whether clergy or laymen,
as do not actually keep house, as tenant
or owners, are from and after the 2d o:
November to be conlidered as vagrants,
and puniflied accordingly—Such as are no
difqualitied by the preceding article, are tc
give in an exact account of themselves
& their profelfion, & to obligate themfelve:
not to wear white cockades or feathers ii;
their hats.
The port of Nice, when taken by the
French, contained 500 galley llaves. Ol
these the deserters and smugglers were li
berated.
Notwithflanding the harvest was plenti
ful in Normandy, the want of hands tc
gather it in, from the diftra£ted state ol
the country, and the bad season for hou
sing, has caused an apprehenfionof fcarcitj
to be dreaded already. The magistrate:
of Rouen, the chief city of Normandy,
have borrowed 40,0001. to purchase grain,
and have laid a tax on the inhabitants ol
that diftrift to pay the interest.
The Pope, in iffuinghis Bulls, can afforc
little relief to the combined armies : the
Duke of Brunfwick had much rather thai
his holiness had iflued a few horses to aic
him in running away.
Italy and the Pope tremble with appre
hension ; a body of French troops are or
dered to land within forty miles of Rome
and the Pope'sforceshave refufed to marct
agaiuft them I the silver faints,&At>:nusDei's
the French fay, will repay theii expences.
A person alking what the hiliorian wil
hereafter fay concerning the Duke o
Brunfwick's campaign against the French:
was answered—
" Great Brunfwick's Duke, with four
score thousand men,
" March'd into France and the)
march'd out again."
The corporation and merchants of Li
verpool, purpose to petition parliament tc
lay open the East-India trade.
_ Some newspapers which pretend to ori
ginal intelligence, announced some time a
go the 23d of Otfober as the day for the
Duke of Brunuvick to enter Paris. It is r
remarkable circumstance, that on that ve
ry day he quitted France with his hall
starved army.
The king will pay some of the debts of
the Prince of Wales out of his own purse.
The Prince intends to relinquish his eftab
lilhment at Carleton house till his debt:
are discharged.
PARIS, October 29.
From every quarter we receive advice:
of the success of the French armies. Tin
republicans have only to shew themfelve:
before a place, and it inrtantly surrenders.
No where have they met with the least re
finance. The expences of the war become
more and more easy ; for the conquerec
towns supply them with the means. Ii:
some cities they raise contributions ; in o
thers they seize upon the church plate, and
melt it into coin, as they have done at
Nice.
They write from Brett, that at the Fete
which took place in that part, on the 18th.
to proclaim the republic, the old names ol
the mips of the line were changed for o
thers more analogous to the circumstance;
of the times.
I he Royal Louis is now called the Re
publican ; the Diadem, Brutus; the Scep
tre, the Convention ; the Two Brothers,
the J alt; the Duke ol Bourgogne, the Peo
ple ; the Duke of Chartres, the Racer ;
tlie Marshal de Caflries, the Cwi'^ir.
Accounts from Lyons state, that Tra
guet is gone to Civita- v'ecchia, or to one
ot the ports of the island of Sardinia : The
latter expedition seems the n.oft probable.
The conquests in the South are spread
ing every where. The convention have ap
plied to the magistracy of Genoa to lane
forces there, but were refufed. The)
threaten likewise to attack Turin, Milan,
and Naples ; but the latter city is ftrongl)
defended with batteries all round the bay.
For the purpose ot these expeditions, tfk
republic has now lying off the Hieres iil
ands, so well known for the render:'. oils o]
admiral Matthews, in the year 1744, wher
lie blocked up the French and Spaiiifl
fleets in the harbour of Toulon, nine mei:
of war and fourteen frigates, &c. on boarc
ot which troops are to be embarked. The)
are likewise getting ready gun and mortal
batteries. Government has hired thirty
transports : All this denotes great activitv
and zeal.
1 he pillage of Rome in the mean- time
iingularly excites the curiolity of the natioi;
who besides would take much pleasure ii:
Putting to flight the numerous b<wfy ol
>riefts which that famous city contains j
t is not expected that the people of Rome
ivould make more reliftance than the trocp:
if' the German circle.
The return of our agent from Stockholm.
:"ar from being looked on here as the ef
fects of oppolition from the Regent to out
lew government, palfed for an errand up
:>n some particular negociation. This fup
jolition is founded on the confidence
.vhich the duke of Sudermania has always
placed in this minister.
I wo deputies from Franckfort have ap
peared at the bar of the convention, pre
senting a petition from that city to be re
leased from the fine imposed 011 them by
M. de Cuftine. Their memorial was re
ferred to tlie diplomatic committee.
M. de Cuftine had ordered the horses
pd equipage of the elector of Mentz,
found by him in that city, to be publicly
"bid on the 10th inft.
The advance guard of the central army,
no w to be commanded by M. Bournonville,
marched 011 the 6th inft. for Mentz to re
inforce M. de Cuftine. The main body
followed on the 7th and Bth.
The artillery found at Mons consisted ol
p brass cannon, 19 brass mortars and 14
lowitzers ; 107 iron cannon. There were
uio 3000 bombs,3oo,ooo bullets, and 15000
.nil fleets.
Many officers of the ci-devant gardes du
:orps, and other emigrants, havefent peti
:ions to the Generals, requeuing leave to
Return to France, and imploring pity. M.
"Uftine, in a second letter, has entreated
:he national convention to decide upon
heir fate, as also upon the petitions of fe
deral Auftrians, who delire to be released
upon a promile of serving no more againfl
:he republic. The committee of legisla
tion have been ordered to consider this af
fair.
M. Dumourier has sent word to the nati
onal convention of an advantage obtained
by Field Marefchal Omoran over the Au
ftrians at Conde, in which a conliderabk
number ot the latter were killed. Their
wounded, whom they left upon the field,
were carried to Conde and treated witi;
the utmost care.
On the ill of November, the king and
his family, imprifonedin the temple, mads
the following demands of the coinmiffioii
;rs that waited on them : " That the ac
-ount of the expences to be allowed month -
ly should be fixed, in orde£_that they may
lot exceed them—A phyiician and apothe
cary, to administer such remedies as they
might think proper—the sum of 2000 livre?
laily, for their little expences—furniture
ind linen from the Garde Meuble.' The
:wo thousand livres were refufed, but the
commandant of the temple was ordered to
supply them with such little funis as he
(hould think neceflary.
For the National Gazette.
" No might nor greatness in mortality
Can censure 'scape : back-wounding calumny
The whitest virtue strikes."
THIS remark of the poet is strongly ex
emplified in the man, to whom a writer,
under the signature of " Mirabeau," has
offered the just tribute of republican ap
probation—The early and Heady friend of
his country; the firm but dignified oppo
nent to the trappings of royalty, and the
baubles of nobility ; the friend to merit in
whatever station or whatever garb it may
appear ; the enemy to every fyflem that
would degrade and corrupt the dear
bought principles of republicanism ; no
wonder that lie should incur the resent
ment of the would be noblejfe of the Uni-
ted States; no wonder that he Hiould
draw down upon himfelf their sire-os ven
geance, and the thunder of Catullus and
his glittering host. 44 In every age, in e
very nation, (said the immortal Mirabeau)
the partizans of arillocracy have implaca
bly persecuted the defenders of the peo
ple ; and if, by feme lingular concurrence
ot accidents, any such arose amongst the
members of their own order, he was mark
ed out as the particular object of their
j age, as they were eager to inspire terror
by the fele&ion of the vittim." The man
who has firmnefs enough to brave the al
friults ot the powerful in defence of juii;
principles, and virtue enough to remain
uncorrupted amid temptation; he who
Lonfiders it as a firfl duty to advance the
liappinels and prosperity of his country,
and considers his own as inti
mately incorporated with it, such a man
will meet v.ith the persecution of envy
-ind ambition, but he ought to be regard
ed as a melling to his country, and should
be cherilhed by every son of freedom.
Where are the heart-, I would alk, that
[attained, intrepidly sustained, an ar
iluons conteit for freedom during the late
revolution? Surely they are not all en
tombed in the funding system, the grave of
a brave soldiery; finely they are not all
filled into tie world of spirits to claim
the reward of a well spent life, and the
pittance of liberty which they have fought
lor here in vain : or are they languishing
:n obfeurity, pining with want, and call
ing down curses upon an unjust and an
ungrateful country? I trull the spirit of
Ireedom itiil has a being in America, that
the torch which has been kindled in France
will supply an additional flame, and that
iuftice, honor and gratitude will yet have
n refurreaioti. It has been said by "Mi
rabeau," that the abdication of Mr. Jeffer
(bn is an evil to the United States—This
there can be no doubt of; for tho' he has
been in office near four years, he has ne
ver aliumed the insolence of it—his deport
ment has been that of a republican, and in
no one a£tion orexpreflion has hemanifeft
ed a superiority over his fellow-citizens—
Can this be laid of the other officers of our
government ? It is certainiy of the highest
importance to preserve the equality of ci
tizens ; for the moment any one class of
citizens are imprefled with a belief that
they are an inferior order of beings, their
independence is destroyed. and the'ground
work of aristocracy is laid. It would be
well for the people to examine whether
this species of corruption is Mot already at
tempted—To me it appears demonstra
ble. It is of little moment whether we
have an aristocracy founded upon opinion,
or an aristocracy fanflioned by law ; in
deed, the one will beget the other, and the
effects will be the fame, for we are as
much the slaves of custom as laws can pof
bbly make us. It is said that an officer of
government cannot mix indiscriminately
with citizens, because it will employ too
much of his time, and the affairs of state
will be neglected—for this reason he has
fixed days for all to gaze upon him. Du
ring the administration of the grand pen
lionary De Witt the affairs of the republic
of Holland, (and they certainly were not
fewer andlefs important than ours,) were
as faithfully attended to as the affairs ol
any government required, and yet he vifi
tcd and engaged in all the amusements of
the citizens—it is not said whether his ivijt
was lb deeply engaged in the administra
tion, thatfhe was precluded from the com
mon etiquette of social life. Those per
fbus who are received as guests, and are
diftinguiflied by a particular attention,
seem to be a privileged order of men in
our government, and are, at least, a grade
removed from common citizenship ; for no
man can claim the right of equality, who
is excluded from any one privilege that a
nother citizen enjoys. Mr. Jefferfon has
uniformly observed a conduct which har
monizes with the purest principles of re
publicanism, and we have no assurance, if
we reason from what we know, that his
fuccelfor will be untinflured with the fa
ihionable follies of governmental station ;
I therefore conclude with Mirabeau, that
his abdication is an evil. It is not my wish
(God forbid that it should be the wish of
any freeman) that an individual /hould be
weighed in the balance again]} his country;
but when we meet with pure and difm
terefted patriotism, it is a mark of degene
racy not to render it its jtift deserts.
GRACCHUS.
Jan. ij.
For the National Gazette,
To the Travelling Farmer.
THE fails and information stated in No.
1 r« of the National Gazette, induce me to
alk your opinion on the best method to ob
tain good crops of flax in the middle states
of America, and information of the most
approved practice in Ireland in this parti-
C u 'JC you have COl "petent knowledge
thereof . As our general crops are far in
ferior to those made in other countries,
you will render an essential service to the
L nitedStates,if you can point out the cause
or causes thereof, and intimate the reme
dies. Tour offer to answer every enquiry
which ilia.ll be addrefied to you on agricul
tural subjects, induces me to hope your
speedy notice of this application, from a
farmer who is delirous to pronicte domes
tic manufa&ures.
Pennsylvania, January ro.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Friday, Jan. it.
A petition was read, from William
Stearns, adminiiTrator, praying compensa
tion for damages done to the buildings, &c.
of Peleg Stearns, at Charleflown, (M.) by
the army in 1775 —laid on the table—Also,
a petition of Peter Perrit, late a captain
in the Connecticut line, praying compensa
tion for services—Also, a petition from
John and Mary Moore, administrators,
praying compensation for services rendered
by John Cole, deceased, a soldier in the
1 ennfylvania line, during the war—Refer
red to the Secretary at war.
A letter was received from the Secreta
ry of the 1 rc-afury, with a supplementary
ltatement of loans, made on behalf of the
United States, pursuant to a refohition of
the 27th December 1792—laid on the table.
on motion of Mr. Smith, resolved that
the Attorney General be directed to report
at the nextleilion of Congress, a table of
colts and fees for the courts of the United
otates.
The Konfe then, in committee of the
whole, took up the motion of the 12th u)f.
for opening a loan to the amount of the va
lances, which, Jipon a final Settlement of
the accounts, fl;all be found due from the
United States to the individual slates.—
Debate took place 011 this motion till tie
hour of adjournment, when the resoluti
ons were reported without amendment.
_ Saturday, Jan. 12.
Apetition was read from Robert Heaton.
an tnghfh Yorkfliire farmer, who lately
lmigrated to this country with a large flock
of horses and cattle of the firft quality :
but has been obliged to give security for
the payment of 7 1-2 per cent, duty 011 his
property—He therefore prays exemption
therefrom, on the consideration, that the
payment of such duty will prevent many
of his-countrymen from emigrating to Ame
rica, with property of a similar nature—
Referred to a feleft committee.
Several other petitions were read, and
referred. -
The House then took into consideration
the report of the committee of the whole
011 the relolutions tor opening loans at the
treasury of the United States, and at the
loan offices of the individual states. for the
balances which may be due upon the iinal
lettlements of auonnts from the United
States to the individual slates.
The question being put, the refchticrs
were adopted-yeas 34, nays 28-3 torn
nnttee was then appointed to bring in a
bill conformably thereto.
Monday, Jan. 14.
A petition was preftnted and read from
the officers of the late Delaw are line of the
continental army, pi aying relidue of com
pensation, &c—Referred to a committee of
the whole house.
After the reading and referring some other
petitions, t.,e bill for fettling the claims of
perluns not barred by any a£l of limitati
-0"! which have not been heretofore
adjusted, was ordered to beengrofled for a
third reading.
. she House. then refwmed the considera
tion of the bill to regulate trade and inter
course with the Indian tribes—after some
aucumon and agreeing to several amend
ments, the bill was laid on the table till to
morrow.
Mr. Hartley laid a motion on the table,
01 appointing a committee to report a bi!>
.0 make provision of half-pay for the w'i
lows and orphans of officers in the service
jf the United States, killed since June i
f 784, or who may hereafter be killed while
11 that service.
A mefiage was received from the Prefi-
Jent of the United States, that he hadfign
. for eliabiii'hing a mint for a cop
>er coinage ; and the act for granting in
:ereft on a claim allowed by a resolution
. 3l tlle , late . Congress, indemnifying tUeper
ons therein mentioned.
A motion of Mr. Boudinot for takinp up
he consideration of the bankrupt bill, was,
rfter some difcuflion, withdrawn.
The House then went into a committee
->1 the whole on the memorials of the offi
cers of the several lines of the late army,
an the fubje£t of compensation for the refi
:lue of pay—two of those memorials being
read, Mr. Gerry moved a resolution, \n
lubftance, that the contrast between Con
jrefs and a part of the officers and soldiers,
in the late war, had not been fulfilled b*
Congress after some debate, this motion
was declared not in order, as referring on
ly to a part of thearmy—Mr. Madison fuj, -
pefted a variation of the proposition to the
limple quftion 01* the propriety of granting
the prayer of the petitions—Mr. Clarke
moved (in order to take the sense of the
committee) that the players of the petiti
ons cannot be granted, and that the petiti
oners have leave to withdraw their petiti
ons. Some debate ensued on this motion,
and after some time the committee rose
wuiiout coming to a decision.