The New York packet, and the American advertiser — New York [N.Y.], 1776-06-13 00:00:00, page 4

I°' .1 ten Ndjwnj ibe. Duke pi Grat
?•.:.•, Ana after corroborating what bu Grace bud
I^li< I h/tby; the @ art, hr enquired in what
^.w the treaties on the table were to be con-
V wr^d ; u etc they to be deemed treaties of al
a v. or treaties o4fuolidy, or vid admmiftra--
, ^(T eonSder them as mixture of both f They
contained, be laid, in the main, an agreement
oy Great-ririrain to pay tee Landgrave of Helle,
the Prince of Anhab, and the Dukeot Bruns
wick, Io much money tor lurnithing fornany
mm, and they were fprmkled with Certain pom
^iu phaic<ui ahi.nice ; but did they assign a
ic^ion lot any alliance ? Was Hesse concerned
in our quarrel with America ? Was fie inclin
ed from tear ot being attacked by America to
begin hid, and th nee found it her political
intent to join us ? .No—there was not a fha
. n\cof fact to prove such a suggestion. The
t'.mfe, of mutual alliance were therefore found
er on fallacy, and the treaties were clearly mere
trqat.es offubtidy. After this fort of felt-que
fion and antwer, his Lordship declared, that
the. Hessian troops, who were to be employed
a,inft America, were mercenaries in the truest
and worth sense of the word ; and he then gave
* long and dreadful description ofthe m'anydif
ticuitics and dangers which might afife to this
country Jrojn the employment of hirelings, who
flood recorded as troops not to be trufled: who,
as Sir Walter Raleigh described them in the
hidory of the world, were " ieditious, unfaith
ful, dbobehent, devourers rind dest r oyers of all
facer add countries whrreunto they are drawn;
ar being held bv no other bond, than th&l o*n
commodity. Yen, that which is moil fearful
aHmug such hirelings is, that they have often,
add in time of greareft extremity, not only re
,dfed to fight in their defence who have enter
tained them, but revolted unto the contrary
pint, to the truer ruin of those princes and
hums that have trailed them."
LA -r enforcing this quotation by a variety of
j/obaflc conclusions, his Lordship went into a
c huparifm ot the riches ot Gre^t-Bntam and
Amer* he ffd, gold and lilver were merely
commodities ; that they were not entitled to the
nime of wealth ; that they were only valuable
-in trinkets and trifles to decorate palaces and
great men's hohfes, but that the produce and
induitrv of a country constituted its real allki
cute ; that we had, by our fatal mealurcs of late
years, looted out ot America that luxury which
was our furcty, and which preserved them to
in; we had taught them industry and thrift;
toe very arts which our forefathers wifely aim
ed at keeping them ignorant of, we had oblig
cd'them to learn; we had lent them neceffity,-
the true Minerva, the great mistress of inven
tion! and they had tor tome time been luccefs
jully fludying under her auspices. They now
lived frugally, and wore their own manufac
tures, glorring more in their rough clothes and
hu.Tgowns, than in the gorgeous two hundred
pound dfeflbs of our nobility; they were there
to e elkmiaily rich, and they woyld equal us in
currency, as soon as a specie not liable to be
counterfeited could be discovered. His Lord
ikiu begged to know the caafe ot the quarrel
vic'd A ncrica, and the object of the w.w.---Was
not the one the right of taxation, and was not
the.other a war of conquest? It fc, how inex
prdierj ? how ruinous the prefect treaties ? Did
any Lord imagine that America would lay down
her arms till fee was vanquiPned, and wren con
ci tered, what was lie but a Have /---Why not
then treat with her befote these mercenaries are
landed, the very news of Whose coming, in all
probability would render reconciliation impr ;c
---ticabie? It would surely be unreasonable and
absurd to exped that America, who h # d been'
forced to take up arms in her own defence,
would lay them down before she treated with
Great-Britain. His Lordship wiled, that Com
mhhoneis, properly empowered, had been sent
to the Congress, the -requisitions of America
nfght then have been learnt, their reasonable
ness propedv considered, and the fatal quarrel
happily terminated. As- the case now flood,
who could fay when the dispute would end, or
how.we were to maintain it anoth r year !In
the last war the expence of the firft year was
two millions, in the course of fix years it grew
into twelve millions. The expence of the pre
lent year was ten millions, and where was the
extraordinary supply for the next year to be
raied? We were taxed already alnfoft beyond
bearing, and his Lordship kne|v not where an
other tax could be laid. After descanting with
great eloquence on the. fatal consequences which
would probably follow the prefect measures,
his Lordship investigated the different conduct
of Rome and Carthage refpe&ing their colonies,
and shewed that no advantage could be derived
to the mother country from such colonies as
were deprived of their freedom, and ruled with
tyranny and despotism.
Rome, March 2. The want of a proper ex
planation between the Pope and the King of
Prussia, concerning the Jesuits, had hitherto de
layed the foppreffion of that order in his Majes
ty's dominions; but this affair is non fettled,
as appears by a writing which the court of Ber
lin has transmitted to his Holiness.
HONDO N.
March 2. The plan which Lord George
Cermaine has laid down for the operations of
the next campaign in North America, is for the
main army to take the march along the line of
the coaif, and utterly to cleftroy every city,
town and village on both sea and great rivers,
to which a fldp can come up, which, he thinks,
will entirely cut ott the naval designs of the
Americans, and perhaps prove the most effi &ive
means ot putting an end to the war. Several
members of the cabinet second this opinion,
which it is imagined will prove the prevailing
one. Lord North is against it.
I E^tmC of a letter from Hamburgh, !ri). tj.
1" Of the gentlemen on the recruiting party,
whom Great -Britain engaged to supply and
I complete the Royal American regiment with
men from Germany, none have succeeded io
well as Colonel ce~ Schrtcr. We have it this
I day from Stade, that he jl it arrived at this place'
I from a long circuit, with a body of 7§o £<-
I ceeding fine men, molt of them already ddei-
I plinea, who are forthwith to be Whipped tor
England, on bo id of transports stationed there.
The large bounty he oticis cables gfeat defec
tions in the Prussian g/rrifenq and even in the
very regiments of thole Princes who have hired
them out to the Kingof G eat Britain, because
though a large bounty be given to the Princes
as levy-money, yet as every farthing is pocketed
by them, the men run away as fall as they cap,
and inlift with him ; so that the number ot men
the Colonel undertook to furnilh, will be com
pleted in a few days; and he will then proceed,
as it is said, to raise a thousand ot the belt Ger
-Iman rangers for the fame service.
" If the above be tad, there is one comfort,
Ithat we need not make any allowance tor crip
ples, as in the firft three hundred sent over in
January last, which was just one sixth part of
the whole.
" By the treaties concluded with the Ger
man Princes, it seems to be their interest, that
none of their refpeftive corps should ever return;
for ^ they receive for every man thirty crowns,
- ((even guineas) as levy-money, the fame sum is
to be paid to them when any ofthe. soldiers are
killed, ot loft by any accident whatever, which,
upon the wh he, make fourteen guineas per
min; and lince the Princes are furnished with
the means of procuring soldiers at a very cheap
rate, iris evident they do not with, their return.
Now, if the soldiers defcrt their colours in their
own Prince's dominions, how much more will
they do it in a foreign country, where they
will meet with greater encouragement, and nu n
bers of their own countrymen ? In ihort, the
whole appears to be calculated to satiate the ap
petite.of avage hungry Princes, to people the
vast American continent, and to bear down-----
poor Old England!"
March 11. Though it is said that Falmouth
in Americawas burnt by Admiral Grave's orders,
yet we know that he had a letter from a certain
noble Lord for that wicked add.
It is reported, Wronger than ever, that Lord
Shelburne and his party will come into power
very soon ; and that Lord Camden for the seals,
will be in the number. But the idea of a gene
ral coalition was never farther off. The cabinet
are disgusted beyond the com non degree by the
Duke of Richmond, and the King will not par
don the Rockingham party.
Since Lord George Germaine's appointment
to the office of Secretary of State tor the colo
nics, he has become a very great favourite with
his Majesty.
The continent of America is'to he allotted
into three divisions: Admiral Shuldham is to
command in the river St. Lawrence and to the
northward ; Lord Howe from thence to North
Carolina; and the third division said to be in
tended for Sir Hugh Pallifer, from North Ca
rolina to the extent of our settlements.
Lord George Germane, we are well inform
ed, has taken upon his own head and fhoulde<s,
the whole of the American bloody business the
ensuing spring, and has pledged himfelf to be
singly and totally anfwirable for the conse
quences.
March 12. From General Lee's taking pof
fefion of New-York, it should seem as it the
fate of that city iv as determined : for, from the
nature of General Lee's expedition, none of
the King's Ihips which lie off, and Governor
Tryon on board them, can longer have access
to markets, frefh water, &c. the consequence of
which will probably be, that the town will be
served as Norfolk, in Virginia, on a like oc
casion.
On Saturday bis Majesty's frigate the Perseus
was commissioned, and the command given to
the Hon. Keith Elphinfton, EFp she is ordered
to be got ready immediately for America.
A letter from Portsmouth, dated March 10,
fays, " sud arrived here the John transport,
Captain Hunter, from Scilly, with about too
wounded officers and soldiers, belonging to the.
gib regiment, which came from Boston, in a
transport that was drove on shore in the above
island, where they fuffered great hardships, and
we are told that several poor wretches died there
through want of the common necessaries of life,
owing to the barrenness ot the place."
March 14. Ministry, it is said, h we got Earl
Temple intothe very condition, above all others,
the malt .pleating to them; that is, under the
absolute and entire influence of their trully old
game keeper, Lord Clare, who hath abundantly
convinced the sequestered Earl, that the Ame
ricans have finned against this country, far more
than we have tinned against them; and that all
the evils and diffractions complained of in A
merica, are derived from the fatal repeal of the
Hamp-:YI However, the good old Peer declar
ed expressly in the House, that he had never
given, in public or in private, a decided opinion,
whether it was wife or not to pass the flamp
a&.
The following are the sentiments of two
young gentlemen, nephews to the Earl:
Mr. f. Grenville gave hisreafons for not wishing
to proceed against America, because the Ameri
cans did not mean to render themselves inde
pendent of this country, and because he judged
it impracticable to reduce them by force. He
concluded by foewing with much feeling pro
priety, that be did not mean to throw any reflec
tion on the conduct of his late relation.
Mr. George Grenville observed, that the
main point refled on this alternative; " (hall
we abandon and give up Amerca, ar full we
proceed to recover our sovereignty over that
country ?" The expence is, to be fare, rather
heavy, and the terms now before us rather hard ;
but if we do not consent to relinquish all our
pretentions at once, we had better make one ef
fort more, and it we should mifearry, we will,
in the event be little worie than if we hence
torth defined from all further pretention. (This
lift fperker is the young gentleman who lately
married a daughter of vifcountClare, one of the
vice treasurers of Ireland.)
The Committee of the whole House to con
fider of the federal petitions presented from dif
ferent merchants, for leave to export corn to
Newfoundland was deferred till Wednesday.
An account of the number of seamen and
marines in his Majesty's service is ordered to be
hid before the House of Commons.
According to letters from Genoa, a new trea
ty has been concluded between Ruffin and Great
Britain, by virtue of which, the firft of these
powers will constantly have a small Iquadron
cruising in the Mediterranean, which may be
Supplied with every thing nec^flary at Gibral
tar, Port-Mahon, and such places in the Morea,
where Rullia has settlements.
•g.. ^ ===rr=:!)-
WILLIAMSBURG, (Virginia) June I.
The following Declaration was reported to the
Convention by the Committee appointed to
prepare the. fame, and referred to the consi
deration of a Committee of the whole Con
vention; and in the mean time is ordered to
be printed for the perusal of the members.
A Decliration of Rights made by the
representatives of the good people of Virgi
nia, affrmbled in full and free convention ;
which rights do pertain to us and our posterity
as the balis and foundation of government.
I. THAT all men are born equally free and
independant,' and have certain inherent natural
rights, pf which they cannot, by any compact,
deprive or divest their posterity ; among which
are the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the
means of acquiring and possessing property, and
pursuing and obtaining happiness and fafety.
2, That all power is veiled, in and conse
quently derived from the people ; that magi-
Itratcs are their trustees and servants, and at
all times amenable to them.
3. That government is, or ought to be, infli
tuted for the common benefit, protection, and
security of the people, nation, or community.
Of all the various modes and forms of govern
ment, that is bed, which is capable of producing
the greatest degree of happiness and fafety, and
is mod effectually secured against the danger of
mai-adminiftration, and that, whenever any go
vernment ffiall be found inadequate or contrary
to the purposes, a majority of the community
hath an undubitable, unalienable and indefeafi
bie light to reform, alter or abolish it, in such a
manner as dull be most conducive to the pub
lic weal.
9. That laws having retrofpe& to crimes, and
punishing offences, committed before the exig
ence of such laws, are generally oppressive, and
ought to be avoided.
10. That in all capital or criminal profecuti
ons a man hath a right to demand the cause and
nature of his accusations, to be confronted with
theaccufers or witnefles, tocall for evidence in his
favour, and a speedy trial by an impartial judge
of his vicinage, without whose unanimous con
sent he cannot be found guilty, nor can he be
compelled to give evidence against himfelf;
that no man be deprived of his liberty except
by the law of the land, or the judgment of his
peers.,
11. That excessive bail ought not to be re
quired, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and
unufua l punishments inflicted.'
12. That warrants unsupported by evidence,
whereby any officer or meflenger may be com
manded or required to search fufpe&ed places,
or to seize any person or persons, his or their
property, not particularly described, are griev
ous and oppressive, and ought not to be grant
ed.
13. That in controversies refeeaing property,
and in suits between man and man, the ancient
trial by jury i^ preferable to any other, and
ought to be held sacred.
14. That the freedom of the prefe is one of
g. That the leghlative and executive powers
of the slate should be separate and diftinft from
the judicative ; and that the members of the two
firft may bt retrained from oppreflion, by feel
ing and participating the burthens of the peo
ple, they should at fixed periods, be reduced to
a private ftatio,, return into that body from
which they were originally taken, and the va
cancies be lu'pplied by frequent,} certain and
regular elections.
6. That the elections of members to serve as
reprefentatves of the people, in Assembly, ought
to be free; and that all men, having Sufficient
evidence of permanent common interest with,
and attachment to, the community, have the
right of fuffrage.
7. That no part of a man's property can be
taken from him, or applied to public uses, with
out his own consent, or that of his legal repre
sentatives ; nor are the people bound by any
laws, but such as they have, in like manner,
alDnted to for their common good.
8. That all power of suspending laws, or
the execution of laws, by any authority without
the consent of the representatives of the people,
is injurious to their rights, and ought not to be
exercised.
4. That no man, or set of men, are entitled
to exclusive or separate emoluments or privile
ges from the community, but in confiderarion
ot public services ; which not.heing descendible
or hereditary, the idea of a man being born a
magistrate, a legislator or judge, is unnatural
and absurd.
Yesterday afternoon an express came in from
General Lee, with advice that the fleet is gone
from Cape Fear: that it was the prevailing
opinion they were bound to South Carolina,
tho' Gen. Lee thinks it is mod likely they arc
coming round to this colony.
It is an undoubted fad, that all the Tories
that were in Lord Dunmore's service have left
him, there not being above half the fleet now
at Gwin's Island; where they are gone to is
uncertain. This, it is imagined, was occalion
ed by a fever which has raged with great fury
amongst them for some time past, and from the
funeral processions that have been seen there,
very probably has proved fatal to some persons
of diftin&ion.
The piratical vessel commanded by Bartlet
Goodrich is taken, and himfelf and ten others
made prisoners. She mounts four carriage guns,
and had on board a quantity of Weft India pro
duce, some gun powder, final! arms, and a
number of other very ufeful articles.
•G —— ——g— ==}
B O STO N, June 13.
We hear that the Co^gre's have determined
to augment their army to 70 Qr 7,000 men,
the great bulwarks of liberty, and can n^ever fee
refrained but by d^fpotic governmen ts.
15. That a well regulated militia, cempofed
of the body ot the people, trained to arms, is
the proper, natural, and fafe defence of a tree
slate; that Handing armies, in. time of peace,
should be avoided, as dangerous to 1 berty ; and
that in all cases, the military should be under
Arid subordination to, and governed by the
civil power.
16. That the people have a rif ht to uniform
government ; and therefore, th^t no govern
ment separate from, or independent <4 the go
vernment of Virginia, ought, of right, to be
established within the limits thereof.
17. That no free government, or the bles
sing of liberty, can be preferred to any people
but by a firm adherence to justice, moderation,
temperance, frugality and virtue, and by fre
quent recurrence to fundamental principles.
18. The religion, or the duty which we o^e
to our Creator, and the manner of difeharg
ing it, can be directed only by reason and con
viction, not by force or violence ; and therefore
that all myn should enjoy the fulled toleration
in the exercise of religion, according to the dic
tates of confeience, unpunished and unrefhained
by the Magistrate, unfefs, under colour of re
ligion, any man diflurb the peace, the happi
ness, or fafety of society. And that it is the
mutual duty of all to practice Christian forbear
ance, love and charity, towards each other.
[The following copy ofa proclamation was ta
ken fiom a manufeript enclosed in a letter
.from North Carolina, and is inferred to
she, our readers what fort of Commfoyers
we are to expect. Our troops, however,
in that province being in good spirits, as
well as Sufficient in point of num! er, we
may venture to predict that Clinton and his
CemmiJfoxers will be treated very roughly.]
By Major General CL INTO N, commander
of bis Majesty's forces in the foutbern provinces
of Nortb-America.
A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS a most unprovoked and
wicked rebellion hath for some time past pre
vailed, and doth now exist within his Majesty's
province of Nerth-Carolina, and the inhabi
tants (forgetting their allegiance to their sove
reign, and denying the authority of the laws
and statutes of the realm) have, in a succession
of crimes, proceeded to the total fubverfiom of
all legal authority, usurping the powers of go
vernment, and erecting a tyranny in the hands
of Congresses and Committees of various deno
minations, utterly unknown and repugnant to
the spirit of the British constitution ; and di
vers people, in avowed defiance to all legal au
thority, are now actually in arms, waging un
natural war against their King ; and whereas
all attempts to reclaim the infatuated and mis
guided multitude to a sense of their error have
unhappily proved ineffeaual: I have it in com
mand to proceed forthwith against all such
men or bodies of men in arms, and against all
such Congresses and Committees thus unlaw
fully established, as against open enemies to
the State. But, confideiing it a duty insepar
able from the principle of humanity firft of all
to forewarn the deluded people of the miseries
ever attendant upon civil war, Ido mob earn
estly entreat, and exhort them, as they tender
their own happiness, and that of their poflerity,
toappeafe the vengeance of an injured and justly
incensed nation, by a return to their duty to
our common Sovereign, and to the blessings of
a free government, as ehablifhed by law; here
by offering, in his Majesty's name, free pardon
to all such as lay down their arms and submit
to the laws, excepting only from the benefit
of such pardon, Cornelius Harnett and Robert
Howe. And I do hereby require, that the
Provincial Congress, and all Committees of
Safety, and other unlawful associations, be dis,
solved, and the judges allowed to hold their
Courts according to the laws and constitution
of this province ; of which all persons are re,
quired to take notice, as they will answer the
contrary at their utmost peril.
Given on board the Pallas transport, in Cape
Fear river, in the province of North Ca
rolina, the. gth day of May, 1776, and
and in the sixteenth year ot his Majesty's
reign.
H. CLINTON.
By command of General Clinton.
Richard Reave, Sec'ry.
To the Maffirates of the province of North Ca
rolina, to be by them made public.