National gazette. — Philadelphia [Pa.], 1793-09-28 00:00:00, page 2

«n is'to exercised on questions of civil con
nects made by a State, the decilion mult be
had, either oil the laws ot'ihe state against
which the demand is made, or on those of
the ltate or kingdom to vvtlich the demand
ant belongs, or on the laws of the United
States: the absurdity of the two firlt need
not to be pointed out, but the other would
render the legifiative authority of Congress
over the particular ft ates, as mere corpo
rations commensurate to the claim of theju
diciary power. Wherethe demand shall be
for a recompenfeof damages reflilting'rom
an injury; there the law of nations, the Con
ftitulion of the United States, and exilt
ing treaties, will govern the decilion. And
even in that cale, it will be a question,
whether it should be intended that each
state is liable to be drawn to the (eet of
the federal government, and there tried
by a jury of the vicinage, ill the fame man
ner as a corporation would be treated.
Consrefs, no doubt, (hould you inflru£t
yourfenators on the fnbjeft, will take'time
to consider these questions, in proportion
to the important light they may appear in.
The Legislature of the Union, has never
yet contemplated this subject : For in the
eftablifhmen: of the judiciary fytfem it is
entirely neglected : No mention is made
in the aits of Congress of the fu ability of a
liate. Nor is there any process against a
state, provided for in the laws of the Uni
ted States.
Gentlemen of the Senate, and
Gentlemenof the House ofßeprefentatives,
When the government of the United
States was proposed to the people's consi
deration, I then was, and yet am, deeply
imprelfed with the necefiity '• of a more
perfect wtion eft/te jlates," than at that time
existed, and, therefore, exerted the share
of influence whish I polfeffed, in favour of
its being adopted. I then considered it as
being by no pjeans explicit in the descrip
tion of the powers intended t# be delega
ted; but trusted, that the wisdom of the
people would very soon render every part
ef it definite and certain. The idea, that
it isdangerous to examine'fyffems of go
vernment, and to compare the elfe£ls pro
duced fev their adminiflration, with the
principles on which they were raised, is in
admiflibie among a free peopfe. If the
people are capable of prattiting oil a free
government, they are able, without difor
-ders or convuifions, to examine, alter, and
amend the fyfteins which they have or
dained. — And it is of great confequencc to
ttie freedom of a nation to review its civil
constitution, and to compare the practice
under it, vritji the principles upon which it
depends. The tendency of every meaftire,
and the effect of evesy precedent, ought to
■be fcrupuloully attended to, and critically
examined.—This is the bulinefsof the re
presentatives of the people, and can never
be by them confided to any other persons.
The great obje£l presented to us by oOr
political situation, is the support of the
general government, the giving force and
efficacy to its functions, without destrOying
the power», which the people intended to
vest and to rcferve in-tlie state governments.
A consolidation of all the states into one
government, would at once endanger the
nation as a republic, and eventually divide
the states united, or eradicate the princi
ples whicn we have contended for.
It is much less hazardous to prevertt the
establishment of a dangerous precedent,
than to attempt an abolition of it, after it
has obtained a ptace in a civil institution.
Your fellow citizens wait this
event of your deliberations on the impor
tant bulinefs before you : And 1, as one of
them,reft fatisfied, thatthe result will be
such, as will eltablilh the rights of the
commonwealth, and give support and ef
ficacy to the general government. In this
■view, and in every other, in which the
peace, liberty and fafety of our fellow ci
tizens, not only of this state, but of the
United States, are concerned, reft assured,
gentlemen, that no effsrt nor zeal on my
part shall be wanting. I lhall, therefore,
only add, I will do every tiling inmy pow
er to expedite the business of the feifion,
and to render it as little expensive to our
•conflituents, as exigencies will admit.
JOHN HANCOCK.
Council-Chamber, iioltun, P
September 18, 1793. 5
FOREIGN 4FF4IRS.
Natitz; Ju\y r. " On the 29th lilt, we
received intelligence from every quarter,
that we were to be attacked at night'—
Some expected this event with fond impa
tience ; others with fear", and all with ter
ror. On the 3°th, at two in the morning,
we were awakened by the report of a can
non, which was soon followed by the firing
of more. The royalilts were then attack
ing the bridge of RonfTeau over the Seine,
■op the other fide of the Loire, and carried
it; but this was only a falfe attack.
"At break of day, all the polts on the
other fide of the Loire were attacked by
'different corps, one of which came by the
road of Angers, another by that of Rennes,
and a third by the way of Anrres. At all
these points, the defence was as vigorous
a> the attack. The patriots had 18 pound
ers ; but the royalists had only 12 pounders.
" The contest lasted with unabated fury
till fix at night, when the ardour of the as
failants began to flicken. At ten o'clock
they retreated in good order to Oudon, a
very strong poll between Mauves and An
cenis, tour leagues from Nantz. Some
fay, that the/ have evacuatedAncertis,others
alien, that they are preparing to return to
the charge with a superior force.—At, yet,
however, they have not renewed their at
tack.
" The patriots had 600 killed, and about
1500 wounded ; all the hospitals and con
vents are crammed with them, and there
scarce exists one family in 0111- town, but
has to lament the loss of a relation or
friend. As the royalists had made them
selves masters of the suburbs, the musket
balls fhouipred down upon the patriots
from every house, without their being able
to discover from whence they were iired
upon theiH The loss of the royalists is not
known, but it is not very considerable, be
-caufe they were covered by houses and
walls, and they every where appeared only
in final! numbers to direfl their artillery,
which was exceedingly well served.
" It is rather astonishing that the royal
ifts, having at their disposal a numerous
army, (hould have attacked so important
a town with a corps confiding of only 8000
men ; that they (liould have confined them
selves for 16 hours to a cannonade, inflead
of attacking the garrison with spirit and vi
gour, and that they did not avail themselves
of a moment, when the troops of tlie line
g3ve\vay, to rush upon them with fixed ba
yonets, and thus to decide the day in their
own favour.
" The poll nearthe bridge of RonlTeau
from which Gen. Beyflier in the morning
of the 30th had been dislodged, was eva
cuated again by the royalists on the follow
ing night. Fear, left the rdyalifts 'might
reap the fume advantages in another attack
from the suburbs, as they did on the 30th,
has caused the patriots to set fire to a great
number of houses, and to btirn them to the
gron nd.
" There are vefTels, without mads, which
were placed in the midst of the river, op
posite the bleaching place, ami were filled
with jorifoners fufpefted of royalifm, but
not convicted of any crime."
Genoa, July 2. The captain of a (hip just
arrived here from Ponente, brings intelli
gence, that, yesterday morning, he heard
a violent and lading cannonade, proceed
ing, by the wind, from the environs of
Nice, which leaves us to conclude that that
place is bombarded by the Spanish fleet.
London, July 25. We have just received
intelligenceX)f the Trench royalists having
again attacked Nantz ; ahd that tbe la ft
news from thence, was, that they were fir
ing red hot balls into the town, which it
was thought would fnrrender. The cap
ture of this place is more important at this
jundtwre. as we have season to believe that
it would greatly facilitate the operations
Df Lotd Howe, which it is generally sup
posed are directed to that quarter. «
IVarfaw, June 20- The king has deliver
ed in his written anftver to the Ruffian and
Prufliau minilters relative to the intended
partition of the republic of Poland. It is
in substance as follows : 41 I declared, that
I acceded to the general confederation of
Targovitz, under the anfpices of her im
perial majesty the emprefe of all the Rufiaas,
in consequence of the promise that the pof
fefiionsTaf the republic Ihould not be leflen
ed.
This was the sole motive that directed
Thy-cftnduct.
" My duty requires, that I (hould inform
the States afTembled in their Diet j that I
hope they preserve the fame sentiments as
myfelf in respect to the integrity of the
country.
'• I think that we ought to make a pru
dent and well refle&ed answer to the two
notes received from the allied court?, and
that all our demands ihould be confined to
a reditution of our territories.
" I flatter myfelf, that the wisdom and
equity of their imperial and royal majeflies
will allow that our nation has not in any
manner given occasion to the partition
which these two courts have judged proper
to make."
Bonrdeaux, July 6. " The privateer La
Citoyenne Francaife, of this port, Captain
Dubedat, mounting 26 carriage guns, 8 and
12 pounders, and 6fwivels, returned hither
yesterday, after a glorious engagement
which (he supported from 6 till half past
8 in the evening, against an Englilh frigate
of 40 guns, in lit. 42. 24. N. and long 15.
W. from the meridian of Paris. Captain
Dubedat was killed in the engagement by
a bullet which struck him in the bread.
Citizen Rigal. the second Captain, then
took the command, but the English frigate
being disabled in her bowsprit aud mizen
inaft dropt astern. La Citoyenne Francaife
pursued her ; but the captain finding it ne
cefl'ary to repair his running rigging, which
was all cut to pieces, and to fifh his lower
masts. which heobferved were in danger
of falling overboard, he loft fight of the
enemy in the night time, without being
able to discover her the next morning, a>
he was not in a condition to croud faTl in
order to Iceep up with her. La Citoyenne
Francaife had 16 men killed, and 37 wound
ed. She took a prize a few days after (lie
failed.
The Englifli frigate had on board a great
number of troops, who, by the fire of their
uiufi;etry, killed a great many of our peo
pic, as the enemy ware to the windward,
and kept tliat position notwithflandiug
every attempt to get the wind of them.
Captain Riga] bdflows great praises on
tile bravery ot his crew ; and, had not his
rigging and maflsbeen Co-much damaged,
he has no doubt that, corilidering the di
flreffed fhrte in which the English were, he
(lioutd have boarded and taken their vellel,
tho' he was inferior in force to the enemy.
Paris, Jnly-i2. BVrotean lias provoked an
infurreftion at Lyons, where the depart
ment holds a Congress, which has refolvei
to march a considerable force again'ft Paris.
This refolmion has been molt pom-poufi)
proclaimed. The whole city was iltumi.
nated ; the party of the mountain of the
Convention was declared to be outlawed
and all the provisions destined for the armie:
have been intercepted.
This day the Convention palled the fol
lowing decree againfl the rebeliious city o
Lyons.
iit- Biroteau is declared a traitor to hi
country, and outlawed : and likewise al
i he members of the'Congrefs of Rhone ant
Loire.
2d. The Executive Council filall ordei
troops to march againfl Lyons.
3d. The property of the persons outlaw
ed by this present decree, ihall be fequef
trated and put under Teal.
4th. The payment of the state creditor
resident at Lyons shall be suspended.
jth. All persons domiciliated at Lyon
shall be bound to quit that city.on the re
ception of this present decree," under paii
of having their property fequeftrnted; thi
commissioners of the Convention in the ar
my of the Alps are charged with the exe
cution of this decree.
The Pruflians have taken an inconfider
able village called Coflheim. in the neigh
botirhood ot Mentz, which was garrifone*
by some trench troops. They loft upward
of ijo men in the attack, killed ami roof
tally woutided.
July 26. The revolutionary tt ibnnal ha
pronounced sentence of death upon-thefol
lowing persons, accused of hav ing attempt
ed to take away the life of Leonard Hour
don, at Orleans, 011 the 15th March, viz
HenoitCouet, flock broker; John Henrj
Gellon,holier; Adrian Buiflort, merchant
Nicholas Jacquet, jun. gentleman ; J. Hap
till Qitefnel, muliciau ; James de la Salle
wax bleacher ; C. Philip Nonneville, gen
tleman ; Charles Taffin, freeholder; aftei
the President had communicated to the ac
cused the declaration tf the jury, they fel
on their knees, declaring, with tears an<
(hrieks, that they had been deceived, anc
were innocent I —this moving fpetlacle pre
vented the judges from pronouncing sen
tence, which was not done until the «2d
inft. at 4 o'clock in the afternoon. Tliej
were executed the 23d, at half part 5
r> clock in the alternoon, in the Square d(
la Revolution ; the greatefl part of tli<
(petfators murmured aloud, curling botl
the Convention and the Revolutionary tri
bunal.
PHILADELPHIA.
Saturday, September 28.
According to reports from the Jerfies.
he students have quitted the college a
Princeton, through an apprehension of thi
,'ellow fever spreading to that place. Iti:
idded, that the commencement, which i:
ield annually on the iaft Wednesday ir
September, is postponed.
We are informed that governor Han
rock, in his address to the legislature ol
Vlaflachufetts, on the ißthinft. through his
11 slate of health, exenfed himfelf fron:
lelivering his speech in the usual way, and
lirefted it to be read by his secretary.
4tter it was read, the governor made the
iollowing apology : " I beg pardon of the
Hon. Legislature, and I rely on your can
jor, gentlemen, to forgive this method of
iddreffing you : I feel the feeds of mor
ality growing fact within me ; but I think
1 have in this cafe done no more than mj
iluty, as the servant of the people : I ne
ver did, and I never will deceive them,
while I have life and strength to ast in
their service."
Four citizens of the United States, bj
the names ot Nutting, Batterman, Morgan,
and Shaw, have been taken from 011 boarc
a French privateer, arrived at Boflon fron
a cruise, and confined in jail ; and "are tc
Cake their trial at the niixc circuit court te
be held at Boflon, the 12th of October,
" for aiding and afiilting in manning oul
vefTels, and piratically and felonioufly cap
turing the velicls of nations with whom
the United States are at peace.''
The Governor of New-Jersey has ap
pointed Tuesday the firfl of Oflober, to bt
observed as a day of fafting, humiliation,
and prayer, "to implore Almighty God tc
relieve the citizens of Philadelphia from
their present diltrefs, and to avert the like
calamity from the citizens of that state."
Extract of a letter from a gentleman ir
Columbia county (Georgia) to his friend
in this city, dated July 27, 1793.
"We have been diflurbed by the Indi
ans this summer. They,have killed about
twenty people—Six hundred volunteers
offered to go to the Hint River Towns,
and accordingly marched to the Ocmulgee'
but under t!,e command "bf some very urt.
foldrer-like officers, 'Alio disagreed among
themselves about forcing ihe fatigued fol
d/ers into the river. Large parties of the
loldiers, in consequence of this diflention
among their officers, returned home, under
M Clufkie and others who had 110 coni
tnand, though more fit than those who
had, whii.li lett their generals under the
"agreeable" neceflity of returning home
also. after running the date and individual*
to conliderable expence and trouble."
The ship Manchester. capt. Clay, lately
arrived here from Liverpool, made her
pall'ige out from this port in 21 diys. On
her I eturii, oil the ic.li of September, her
1 eckoning w as 68 and one half degrees of
longitude. Tie fame day she spoke a
ichooner.out twodaVs from New-London,
the captain of which said Jie was in long*
69 —lat. 39. The officers of the Manches
ter giving too implicit a credit to this ac
count, the ccfifetjuence was,that they flood
boldly 011 for the Delaware, at the rate of
9 knots art hour, till in the night they
"nick upon the beach of New-Jersey. She
being a ltrong., new ship, the damage done
her i 6 (aid to be trifling* "7 he ship, when
flie fpol<e the New-Londoner, was fix
degrees ahead ofher reckoning.
Complaints appear in the New York pa
pers, that notu ithftanding the night watch
es, and rig d injunctions from the magis
trates. yet boats with paflengers, fufpe&fd
tobeiroin Philadelphia, aie detecled eve
ry night, 111 attempting to land. Others put
their paflengers a (here 011 the beach of
LongHlanti. or far up the North river,
who afterwards come into the city 011
loot. Proposals have been ifi'ued for cal
ling out the militia to guard the fliores ef
fectually, and apprehend all fufpe&ed per
sons.
It may not be ainifis to infepfn rhofe un
acquainted with the fact, that when the
Great P'agut raged in London in 1665 iit
which 68,0c0 perfmis wer* carried off) ic
was found that the street wher-? the tobac
conilts lived was exempted from the gene
ral calamity, none living in it being infect
ed with the difordcr. Ir might not be a
miss in this time of calamity, to f>mn 'o
bacco in the rooms where the Infef ed die;
and if burnt in the streets, partitiiiaiij ■ .j.
narrow confined alleys, it might be a means
of purifying the ail .& preventii g the fpi ead
ing ef the infection. The fa£t is, that the
contagion has now by means of a long,
course of sultry weather become so cencen
traud in the city, that nothing but wet
weather,froft. or some lubflitute turthele
(such as the smoke of tobacco , can , of. bly
diilipate ir.
Extra, t of a letter from Providence (R. I. )
September 14.
" A few days past a waggon, wiih be
tween 50 and fco,ooo dollar; in Ipecie, was
unloaded at the bank in this town, and the
money depolked in the vaults*—the proper
ty of Meflrs.Brown and Francis,merchants,
and part of the proceeds of the ship presi
dent Washington, and hrr cargo, fold at
Calcutta in 1792.—This sum being more
specie than they have ever shipped to the
Indies, although for fix years past consider
ably engaged in that trade, it is expetfed
will operate on the ininds of thinking peo
ple to'do away .1 prejudice again It the
trade, and convince them, that it is stir
duty to encourage it, as being much more
advantageous than for us to continue the
Retailers of India goods for European mer
chants."
An Englifli paper, in relating a skirmish
between some French and Prullian troops,
remarks, that •' the king of I'ruflia had a
very narrow escape : a ball-fell near him,
and frightened his horse so much that he
was near falling on him." Every reader
mud smile with contempt, when he reads
of & royal efcapef'rom such a trilling dan
ger. -Hidory lurnifbes us with iimilar re
cords. At the battle of Fontenoy, Louis
the 15th is celebrated for his wonderful
bravery, who from the steeple of a church,
beheld the conflict; and such was his ar
dour, that he left his fqug hoie, mounted
his horse, and rode to " where some balls
fell near him !" Enough and ei.ojigh too
has been faid|about the eji/tpe which George,
the Lord's anointed in Britain, had from
an old woman with a blunt cafe-knife.
In short, if only a trmfketoe bites some roy
al nose, all Europe must resound with it.
Letters from Denmark assert that the
government perfifls in remaining neutral in,
the present war againlt France. DamlU
fliips and property continue to be infuretl
at Copenhagen againlt all risks, at-the ufiial
peace premium. It was feared there that
the spirit 01-the American treaty with
France would not admit of the neutrality
of the United States, notwithflauding the
Prefidenl's proclamation.
On the 13th of Augud an express arrived
at the capital of Georgia, with a talk from
the head men of the Upper and Lower
Creeks. The talk is dated Cuflitah, July
2 tit, an extrad of which is as follows:
" We the headmen of the Creek nation, with
to inform the beads of Georgia, that if
they fti 11 have a with to fettle matters wth
thered people, we hope they jviil, on feeing
this, immediately fend off word to governor
Blount to reflrain his people, till his excel
lency general Walhuio ton's pleasure «
known."