National gazette. — Philadelphia [Pa.], 1793-02-20 00:00:00, page 3

PHILADELPHIA.
February 20.
Extract of a letter from a refpe&able cha
racter in Virginia
" I am pleased to hear a ftrift scrutiny
will be made into the use and expenditure
of the public money. The fvftem of fi
nance that has been (I cannot but think,
unfortunately c or the republican interest
and general wtifare) adopted in the com
mencement of the present government, is
so involved, and pursued with such refine
ment, and, apparently, contrived intrica
cy, as to conceal its movements and objeth
from common observation, and to be un
derstood only by those who make it their
particular bulir.efs to investigate such sub
jects. Plans of finance, dark and my lie
rious, fiiould not be adopted, for this plair
and good reason, that the people have a
right, and ought to fee and know, how
their money is expended—this they cannot
do but by their representatives, and as it i 1
their duty to fully understand and as full)
invefligate the management of the money,
one would think, unless actuated by (imilai
motives, they would always prefer ;
Ample plan, to that which is complicated
less likely to be disordered, and wliei
more easily remedied. The
making free with appropriations is not onlj
a breach of law but a dangerous practice
as it respects the public faith, and canno
bejuftified but irom absolute necefiity, oi
palliated but by the express sanction of th<
executive, the proper judge of the indif
penfible jieceffity. The officer, in fuel
cefe,has 110 right to ast from himfelf. Tilt
reason for using the Dutch loan withoul
the concurrence of the commissioners ne
ceflarily sccalions ftifpicion of itr, propel
application. The eltablilhing the bank
without excluding from a feat in the legif
lature the proprietors of the flock, ha:
sown the feed of corruption, as, betweer
the financier and the dire&ors, the game
may be played to the great emolument oi
the proprietorsandthe undermining of the
independence of the legislature. The pro
fits of the bank, it is said, amounted the lafl
year to 16 per cent: this has doubled the
gain of the firft calculation, and must. I
suppose, be owing to the extent of its dis
counts, and may, it is to be presumed, be
carried much higher in time, so long a;
loans in Europe exist, and the revenues ol
the country are subservient to its gainful
purposes,"
On Wednesday last, both houses of Con
gress met in Convention, in the fenate
chamber, when the certificates, from the
executives of the several states, were read
containing lifts of the Electors' votes foi
President and Vice-President—The aggre
gate of the votes for George Washington.
•was 132 as Prelident of the United States—
77 for John Adams as Vice-President— 5c
for George Clinton, ditto— 4 for T. Jeffer
fon—and r for Aaron Burr—George Walh
ington was then declared President of the
United Stites, by a unanimous vote, for 1
years from - the 4th of March 1793; ant
John Adams, Vice-President for the fame
period, by a majority of votes.
Many perfon.s (fays a correspondent
feern greatly alarmed at the probable dif
trefled (ituatioti of the king of France anc
family, Ihould they be discharged by the
National Convention, and turned outintc
the world to Ihift for themselves. In al
probability the nation would not be unge
nerous in maktngfome provilion for the re
lies of royalty., and Ihould they not, ai
af'ylum will d<>ubtlefs be open for them ii
the Austrian o:r some other court. Shoule
all this l'ail, however, it is generally knowi
that Louis the 16th is one of the best lock
smiths in Fran ice, and in his happier days
this was his f.i vorite employment at leifuri
hours. As ti > the duke d'Artois, let wha
will happen, he can be at no great loss for ;
subsistence. ,'(t is an undoubted fa£t tha
he makes the best parrot cages of any niai
in Europe.
Letters fr> om England mention, tha
" after Mr. I rfltine had finilhed his speech
in the co-urta t Guildhall, in defence of Mr
Paine and his Rights of Man, the citizen
of London v . ould not fuffer him to bt
drawn home by horses, but unharnelTin;
them, assumes d the business of drawing hin
themselves. Upwards of ten thousand ci
tizens followe'd in the train."
The am'bal] ador of France at Naples ha:
r ceived orders from the Neapolitan court
t "etire fron 1 that capital.
A very nun '.erous meeting of inhabitant:
\ is held aboi it the roth of December lad
u at Birminghai m, in England, upon their
present governmental affairs. Toward:
the conclnfioi los the meeting an Ass wa
cireffed up in royal robes, and received nu
merous fpecic nens of that ba/e and degra
(ting homage which men in all past age:
li3ve been wc rnt to pay to the (frequentlj
asinine) rega 1 characters of their own spe
cies—in the evening, it was resolved una
-11 i mou fly by 1 he people, "that they woulc
he no longer governed by an a/s" —anc
immediately, beheaded him. (Querc) Whe
ther it would,-. not have been better to let hin,
run ?
A private letter fro-m Havre mentions,
" th it the greater part of tiie treasures oi
the huly chel't at Loretto have been remo
ved into a, 1 interior part of the country,
for fear of the enterprizing spirit of the
french adventurers, who are no doubt
jtanchng ready to pylfefs themselves of an
immensity of riches, which facerdotai im
posture and deception fiftve been heaping
up in that celebrated spot, for many ages
part. Altho' the holy-house was brought
in former ages from Bethlehem to Loret
to on angels' (houlders (according to a
good old ftorv) the priests do not seem to
make much reliance upon a iimilar mira
culous event to get it removed farther, in
cafe of an appearance of French inva
lion."
On the late trial of Mr. Paine, for libel
lous and treasonable writings (as the)
were termed by the court pasty) Mr. Er-
Ikine stood forth his advocate, in an admi
rable speech of three hours and twenty mi
nutes long: but all did not prevent the
verdict. Guilty, from the jury. Mr. Er
(kine, tho' on the popular fide of the quef
tion,feemed fenfibleof the dangerous caufc
'ie advocated, in refpe£t to the court, anc
quoted, as applicable to his then lituation,
:he cafe of the poor man in one of Lucian';
dialogues, who was arguing a point wit!
Jupiter, and was plainly getting the bettei
>fhis godlhip, till Jupiter {hewed him hi:
hunderbult, when the opponent ownec
limfelf vanquilhed by the JtrongeJi of al
lrguments, superior force. Mr. Erflani
r eems, also, to have been in a situation ;
;ood deal resembling the devil's advocate
it Rome, who when a dead faint is to b(
;anonized, always pleads before the Popt
md his cardinals in behalf of the devil, a
;ainft the canonisation. While speaking
ie is with much impatience attended t<
iy the conclave, but the advocate and hi
Jient are always sure to come offlofers.
On the 27th inft. a meeting is to be helc
n Burlington, N. J. by a number of bene
■ olent citizens of that state, for the pur
iofe of meliorating the present condition o:
:he blacks, and effecting the final abolitioi
jfflaverv in New-Jersey. The emanci
nation of the mulattoes is aifo included, a:
me of the objects of this benevolent affbei
ition.
On Friday last, in the house of reprefen
atives of Pennsylvania, the resolution foi
•ftablifiiing a new bank was carried ir
:ommittee of the whole—yeas 43 —nay:
!t.
Amineof wealth isaccumulatingfibmyeai
oyear on the coasts of the middle states.
if which few people have at present an)
dea. According to information from per
oils of veracity employed in the coasting
racle. the whole coast of New-Jersey a
)onnds w\th excellent cod-fi(h. equal tc
iny caught on the banks of Newfoundland
bringing Sandy-Hook light-house to beat
ibont weft, and having 25 fathoms of wa
:er, or thereabouts, they may be caught, ir
he proper fealon, nearly in the fame plen
y as on the grand bank.
A curious memoir was read before the
French academy of sciences on the 13th o1
November last, relative to the northwefl
railage, or the ftreight that is supposed tc
'ommunicate between the Atlantic anc
Pacific oceans through the northern part:
if North-America. The journal of a voy ■
lge made thro'this ftreight in 1598, wa:
-ead at their meeting. The navigator en
.erecl Davis's (freights in Int. 66. N. long.
Si. W. and after fleering different cour
es, at length stood to the S. W. to lat. 6c
ind long. 125 weft, where he found £
freight which separates Alia from Ameri
:a, and through which h/? entered the greal
"outhern ocean. It were to be wished thi:
important discovery could be verified
which has been overlooked for two centu
ries, and baffled all attempts for a limilai
purpose, on these inhospitable coasts.
A conference was held about two month:
since at St. Mary's river, in Georgia, b)
the agent of the United States with a con
siderable number of representatives of the
Creek Indians—at this conference, it wa:
agreed, among other matters, that all U
nitecl States prisoners, with the Creeks,
(liould be immediately delivered Up to the
agent—the Indians to steal no more hor
ses, or other property, from the frontiers—
and to join no other Indian nation, at war
with the United States. There is, from
the accounts last received from Georgia, a
profpecf of a peace, foinewhat permanent,
with the Creeks.
A male panther was lately killed in New
Hampshire, of a size uncommon for that
animal. The tail (fay our accounts) was
two feet and a half long ; and from the
iiofe to the end of the tail, nearly eight
feet.
A new group of islands has been disco
vered in the south seas, by Caps. Ingra
iiam, in the brig Hope in her palfage from
Boston to the north weft co;:ft of Ameri
ca. The principal of these islands lies in
latitude (south; 8 degrees 52 minutes —
longitude weft from London 140 deg. 19
inin. the reft being in the fame neighbour
hood. Capt. Ingraham took pofleflion of
them for the United Statesof America.
It was was fiid infome of the London
papers, about the end ofNovember, that
Thomas Paine had arrived in England to
stand his trial for a libel : but this was
Toon found to be untrue, and that he,in a
letter to the attorney general among othei
things fays, " that while twelve Englilh
raen are fitting injudghient upon the opi
nions he has publiiUed on the art of go
vernment, he will be employed, as the re
presentative of' 24 millions of Frenchmen
to carry those opinions into execution."
Bowles, the Cherokee Indian Chief
who had been confined in the common jai
of Cadia for nearly fix months, and hac
been sentenced to death for the depreda
tions committed by him on Spanith proper
ty in Florida, is at length liberated, it i
supposed, on the interceHion of the Britill
minister.
Extract of a letter from Brunfwick
New-Jersey, dated February 4 1792.
"J have the pleafiire of informing th<
readers of newspaper intelligence thai
Saturday last, I had an opportunity o:
viewing the different preparations toward:
eltablilhing the cotton manufactory ai
Paterfon, under the direction of Mr
Pearce ; which surpassed my utmost ex
pectation, to fee the business in such per
fection and forwardnefs, conlidering th(
Ihortnefs of time since the undertakin;
commenced. They are now carrying or
the carding, fpiniiing.and weaving of cot
ton goods viz. callicoes, jeans, dimitie:
and mullinets. Tlie good* seem to be o;
a moll excellent quality, and I doubt 1101
but in a ftiort period, they will lie able ti
vie in point of quality, with any import
ed. If the present manufactory succeeds
it mtld soon be of great utility, to this
country at large."
'—* —
"I have viewed with pleasure (fays :
correspondent) the rapidity with whicl
republican principles are difleminated :
and am one of those who mo ft hearlily wifi
to lee every vt-flige of royalty and rega
pomp, forever discarded from our repub
lic ; holding these principles, I cannot helj
viewing with a jealous eye, the gaiuh
trappings of our very worthy judges of the
upreme court of the United States.
Plainnefj and simplicity are fundamenta
irinciples of a republican government, am
ive are all aware of the prevalency of ex
imples ; when 1 fee, therefore, our chie
Tiagiftrates upholding the relicks of aris
tocracy, I reailv am surprized, and not ;
ittle fearful of the consequences ; peoph
eem to be pretty generally agreed, witl
-egard to the evil tendency of beftowins
titles. And to me it appears as great ai
mpropriety, and will eventually have tht
ame effeCt, to retain the idle pomp of of
ice, as the ridiculous epithets annexec
thereto."
ExtraCt of a letter dated Cape Francois
23d Jan. 1793, received yesterday by;
merchant ef this city, (by a veflel arri
red at Norfolk, Virginia.)
" Since the 14th of this instant we havi
in array of about 3000 men, partly com
lofed of the troops of the line and of oui
jwn citizens. They have already take!
ill the principal forts, encampments am
-edoubts of our revolted negroes ; thofi
latter had erected a veryftrong post withit
two leagues of this town, fortified with al
the art and strength which could be pofli
bly imagined ; however, they could no
Hand the impetuolity of our brave soldier
,n storming their fort; 20 pieces of can
ion of every lize and bore have been ta
ken ; a number of the negroes havi
oeen killed; the remainder are scattered
jut our men are in pursuit of them, aiu
will not give up the chafe fintil they are al
killed or taken. Every day numbers o;
them fiirrcnder themfelvcs and beg to re
turn to their duty ; we expeCt that this ex
traordinary coined will soon be over, anc
that tranquility,good order, and fafety wil
be reltored again upon a lading basis.
Our public and national securities art
riling now, probably on account of the joy
ful news that we have lately received Iron
France; and there is 110 doubt that tht
price of the American produce wiil be
ihortly very favourable here."
Not to have power, is all the art I kneu
"To make men harmless, and to kee}
them Jo."
" The contention, and the plots form
ed by the aristocrats, have bred all the
mifchiefs and miseries which the world has
of late witnelled in France. The Frencl
commoners, in one word, all the oppreffec
Frenchmen, were crying for liberty anc
equality ; and had their just demand;
been granted, all dispute was at an end ; all
ibufes would have been gently suppressed.
every thing would have been put right
igain ; the reign of the law once taking
place, every one could have recovered his
own ; kept his own : and nothing but hi;
own. But unfortunately, the human spe
cies ha 6 too much affinity with the brutes.
There are also amongst them wolves and
tygers ; eagles and hawks, living always
at the expence of the weak ; happy by the
misfortunes of others, and inspiring a ge
neral dread to the multitude, either
their frightful how lings, their menacine
appearance, or the Iharpnefs of their
claws. At 1 ast the veil of prejudice has been
torn off ; the many have felt the truth
of what the few had told before ; genuine
philolophy has triumphed Over the charms
that dazzled their understandings ; be
sides the pcrfcct knowledge the French
patriots have acquired of th? rights of
man, they know also, that wolves are but
artificial beings in the human species ; they
have found them t i morour, and even
more so than those they had terrified du-,
ring several centuries : if they found them
superior to themselves, it was only in
falfities and treachery."
[from Correjponder:ti.~\
It is observed by many philosophers in
the old world, that if VICE did not ex
it!, Virtue would not be known." This
axiom is evidently verified in the new
world. While we congratulate the foils
and daughters of Columbia on the re-elec
tion of our virtuous Prejident and Vice
president, it is fmcerely hoped that neither
of these re-elections will prove injurious to
the cause of freedom. The cafe of the
French emigrants among that gallant, and
now free nation, teaches us, that ambition
Dnce taking pnffeflion of the human brealt",
cannot be eaiily eradicated. At the fame
time, we are taught by the French repub
lican patriots, that principles ofariftocra
cy may, by proper inftrufction, be changed
into wholesome democracy, and that the
fh-ong desire for titles and diftinftions of
nobility may, in the end, concur with the
democratic principle in forwarding the
glorious eftablifiiment of a plain, otcono
nomic, republican government, supported
an the balis of liberty and equality.
The writings of an aristocratic, specula
ting faction at Hartford, in favor of mo
narchy and titular diftinftions, and pub
lidied in their papers, are fufficient to con
vince any candid person, that the old in
'ular enemy to the independence and pros
perity of America has her hired emiifaries
at work in that part of the Union, to bring
ibou.t a political change, and, as far aspof
ible, give our government a twist into the
'l.apc of her own corrupted form. It is
"ome confblation that the aftnine poison of
hefe writers has very little circulation be
fond a certain Jpct, and that even in " the
lot-bed of American aristocracy," it is ge
nerally despised. The writers,
uded to, as profcll'mg openly the fame
principles, may be considered equally
nimical withthe old defund tories of 1775,
ind in reality their fupplememifts and fuc
:efibrs; and tho' their political duration
may be co-eval with the present imported
British system in this country, they must
fall oif when that is become (as it soon
mud be) an object of univerfaldeteftation,
.onteinpt, and abhorrence.
" So learned Taliacotius from
The brawny part of porter's bum
Cut supplemental noses, which
I.acted as long as parent breech ;
But when the date of that was out.
Offdropt each supplemental snout."
A writer in a late paper laments that
Louis the fifteenth is no longer an object of
regard with the republican citizens Of the
United States ; and accuses thetn of ingra
titude 111 not, at least, coinmiferatijig the
man " who facrificed his crown to eman
cipate the Western world," &c. Without
controverting the truth of this alfertion,
we may jnft observe there was a time, alio,
when General Arnold was entitled to the
praise and gratitude of all Americans.
Subsequent events, however, let them in
to a knowledge of his true character, and,
ever since, the debt of gratitude has been
considered as 110 longer due. The final
("entence of the National Convention w ill,
doubtless, soon unveil the real character of
Louis to the eye of the v orld : but there
will always be a parry in this country,
who, with refpeft to the fallen French mo
narch, or whenever a culprit king is in the
cafe, will be apt to cry out, with the Ro
man in the play—
" Take care, speak sure, think well, and
lay no blame,
Cesar did never wrong—but with iuffc
cause!"
Withfome people, defeftsare every day
becoming more and more apparent in the
old state constitutions. With increase of
[alary and political consequence a fort of
wonderful new light has fallen upon many,
that enables them to discern faults, which
formerly were imperceptible 10 the best
understandings. The truth is, that the old
state constitutions, in general, have too
much of the simplicity of republicanism in
themfor Come modern tastes. A new fort of
leaven is wanting to make puff-pafle ; and
if the old batch .of thirteen was not pro
perly raif'ed, there are newfangled bakers
in abundance that offer to cotjolidatexhtw
into one loaf, and make it as light as ;i
muffin* A writer in a New-Jersey paper
has broached the following odd opinion on
thisfubjeft—" The N. JeiTey state confli
tution was formed at a period when the
trne principles of a representative govern
ment were but imperfectly undci flood—
The politicians of that day were theorijls
rather than practitioners. Experience has
since proved to what perfection tlie/oj'ranf
a representative government can be earn
ed—l fay, repre/entdtive, in a contradif
tinftion to republican, or democratic ! ! !
PRICE OF STOCKS.
Six Per Cents jqf t
•Three Per Cents j if.
Deferred li/iO
£a/ik tf the United States c. ad.