The New-Jersey gazette — Burlington [N.J.], 1783-06-18 00:00:00, page 2

I slitter myfelf your Excellency will excuse me
for not fending it sooner, as I have been prevented
by a multiplicity of business, owing to constant ap
plications from the gentlemen, in charge of the
French officers, relative to the delivering over the
stores, &c. of this garrison.
1 have the honour to be,
With the greatest refpe&,
Your Excellency's very obedient and
Molt humble servant,
(Signed) JAMES HUGHES.
Cuddalore, April 6, 1782.
Sir,
The French General being desirous of having as
little blood Ihed as possible, lias sent me to inform
you, that the Nabob's troops having joined his
army, if you do not immediately surrender, it will
be out of his power to prevent the plundering of
the fort, being promised to the European and black
troops, if they attack it.
In consequence of which he proposes articles of
capitulation, such as, from your situation, you have
reason to exped ; wifliing to convince the English,
that it is only in war we look on you as enemies ;
and being sent for this purpose by Mons. Duche
min, General of the French Army, I sign these
his firft proposals, according to the power he has
invested me with.
(Signed) LE Vte de HOUDETOT.
N. B. The above is a translation of a copy
from the original.
Articles of Capitulation drawn up between his
Excellency Mons. Pierre Duchemin, Marshal of
the camps and army of the King of France, and
Commandant of the troops of his Majesty in In
dia, on one fide, and Captain James Hughes,
Commandant of the garrison of Cuddolore, on
the other.&
THE gates shall be delivered up to-morrow,
the 4th of April, 1782, between the hours of
eight and nine in the morning.—Agreed.
The English flag shall be kept flying till that
time on the ramparts, and ail hostilities mall be
suspended ; Captain Hughes giving his word, that
nothing shall go out of the place, either by land or
sea; and all that do go out shall be deemed an in
fringement on the articles of capitulation, as it mutt
either belong to the King or Company, since the
property of officers and inhabitants are ensured to
them. — Agreed.
The garrison shall remain prisoners of war; the
European officers and troops shall be sent to Ma
dras on their parole, to be exchanged for the like
number and rank of French officers and troops. —
Agreed.
Private property shall be secured; but all that
belong to the King and Company shall be given
over with the utmost exa&nefs, and registered by
the French Commissary sent for that purpose; and
the lead infidelity shall be deemed an infringement
on the articles of capitulation.—Agreed.
The garrison shall march out with the honours
of war, and depofite their arms on the glacie, with
out being damaged.—Agreed.
The garrison shall be provided with provisions,
and a passage by sea to Madras, the civil as well
as the military.—Agreed.
Those who do not choose to remain under the
French government, will have passports and efcoits
to Madras ; those that do shall, at the expiration
of three months, take oaths of allegiance to his
Most Christian Majesty.—Agreed.
The liberty of religion is granted in full.—
Agreed.
,The fort being delivered up, all private property
belonging to the English, whether within or with
out it, fliall be secured to them.—Agreed.
The whole is thoroughly understood, and agreed
to, upon the ftrideft honour.
April 3, 1782.
Signed for the French General,
Le V ICOMPT DE HoUDETOT.
(Signed) Duchemin.
(Signed) James Hughes, Captain
Commandant of Cuddolore.
/N. B. The above is a transition of a copy
from the original articles of capitulation.
JAMES HUGHES,
Captain Commandant.
On the 12th I received intelligence of the enemy
having commenced the siege of Permacoli. And I
find that garrison capitulated on the 17th.
I had no doubt of the enemy's forming designs
upon Vandiwafh; indeed my intelligence gave me
reason to believe, that the French and Hyder
would march immediately to attack it; I therefore
moved the army towards it with all possible dis
patch, in full persuasion that our enemies would
have met me there, and tried a decisive adion. But
I arrived there without receiving the smallest oppo
sition; apprehending, however, left the enemy might
be in doubt about my desire of bringing them to ac
tion, and convinced that they would not seek for
me in the neighbourhood of Vandiwafh, where I
could receive them to so great advantage, I deter
mined to advance towards them. I accordingly
made two marches in the direA road to the ground
on which we had observed them, from the hill of
Vandiwafh, to be encamped; but on my approach
they fell back, and both by my intelligence, and
by what I could discover from the heights in the
neighbourhood of our camp, they took up their Ra
tion on the red hills. This was a position in itfelf
so strong, and could, by an army of such magni
tude as Hyder's, supported by an European force
far exceeding the numbers in my army, be occupied
to so great advantage, that I judged it expedient to
lay my intelligence and sentiments before the two
next officers in command, Major-General Stuart,
and Colonel Lang, that I might have the benefit
of their opinions on a matter of such momentous
importance, and cn the issue of which depended
the whole of the British interests in India.
Upon a reference to the council of war, which
was held on this occasion, the idea I suggested of
drawing the enemy from their strong post, by mov
ing in a direction, which would effectually check
Hyder's supplies, and alarm him for the fafety of
his grand magazine of Arnee, was unanimously ap
proved.
In conformity to that plan, we accordingly
marched on the 30th, and on theist of June, en
camped at the distance of about five miles from
Arnee. That day I received intelligence, that Hy
der, on hearing of the route we had taken, marched
immediately, and that the advance of his army had
arrived the preceding evening at Deffoor, distance
from us about 25 miles, and in the high road to
wards us.
I was thereby fatisfied, that the effect I had in
view had taken place, and ordered a proper place
to be reconnoitred for polling the baggage, in case
I should either have found it advifeable to go and
meet the enemy, or to receive them on the ground
I had occupied. In the middle of the night of the
Ift, or rather early in the morning of the 2d, in
telligence was brought me, that Hyder had come
to Chittiput, distant from us about 11 miles. The
army was then under orders of march, to proceed
neaier Arnee, which I was encouraged to hope
might prove an easy acquisition, and which, by the
large Rock of provisions it contained, added to the
extreme fitnefs of its situation, opened to us no less
a profpeQ than the total expulsion of the enemy
from the Carnatic. In my then position, with Hy
der's army on the one fide, and an object of such
magnitude on the other, it became a point of deli
beration, which was. the moil eligible line of con
dud to be adopted. To persevere in my original
intention of threatening Arnee (which Hyder had
most undoubtedly came to cover) and thereby bring
on an action, or to advance and engage the enemy,
I preferred the former, as promised the most cer
tain issue, upon the mind of Hyder, whole foie view
evidently was to save his grand magazine. It was
equal to him whether he accomplished that, by di
verting our attention from it, or by giving us bat
tle. But it is reasonable to imagine, that if he suc
ceeded on the former grounds, he would hardly, af
ter having Offered four defeats, put any thing to
rifl< on the latter.
We accordingly therefore commenced our march
towards Arnee, contiguous to which the advance
of our army had arrived,.and we had begun to
mark out the ground for our encampment, when a
distant cannonade opened on our rear, and which
was the firft annunciation I had of Hyder's having
approached so near us in force. His coming upon
us thus fudden!y, proceeds from his being able to
cover the march of his line of infantry, by his
large bodies of horse, and which having generally
been the companions of our movements, during the
whole of the war, were never to be conlidered as
any positive proof of his army being at hand.
Every dispatch was used in making the necessary
disposition for repelling the attack and coming to
action. Our line was then in a low situation, with
high and commanding ground all round, which,
as the enemy had got possession of, our different
manoeuvres were performed under every disadvan
tage, and exposed to a heavy though distant can
nonade. It was not until near mid-day that we
had reduced the enemy's various attacks into one
fettled point, so as to advance upon them with
effeß, and with a profpeß of advantage ; but so
soon as that was accomplished, we pushed on, and
they gave way; we pursued them till the evening
was far advanced, taking from them in their retreat
one gun, five tumbrels, antt two carts loaded with
ammunition,
I remained at this advanced Ration to the lad
moment the Rate of my provisions would admit of;
and when obliged to fall back for my supplies, I
endeavoured to do it with all the credit possible,
by again seeking for Hyder, who, by my intelli
gence, had encamped with his army contiguous to
a road by which we might march. He retreated
before me with precipitation, although in possession
of ground which he could have disputed out ap
proach towards him with great advantage. We
continued our march the fucceedng day, by the
fame road on which he had retreated, but found
that he had turned off and crossed the country to
wards Arnee. On the Bth of June, when encamped
in the neighbourhood of Trivatore, and where we
had halted a day to refresh both the troops and the
cattle, of which they stood greatly in need, having
fuffered severely both by sickness and fatigue, our
grand guard was most unfortunately drawn into an
ambufeade composed of about fix thousand of Hy
der's chosen horse, and totally cut off before any
support could be afforded.
It is with pleasure 1 acquaint you, that the esta
blishment of peace with the Mahrattas is in the
faireft way towards being happily accomplished, as,
on the 17th of May last, articles of a treaty of
peace, and perpetual friendfhip and alliance, be
tween the English and Mahrattas, were agreed to
and executed by Mahden Scindra, on the part of
the latter, and by Mr. David Anderson (deputed by
the Governor and Council) on the part of the
former, subject however to the approval and ratifi
cation of their refpe&ive governments, before they
should become final. In as far as depends upon us
I believe every part has been confirmed; but as
yet I have not heard of the conditions, having
received the seal and signature of the Pefliwa, and
the attestations of the dependent members of the
Poona Rate.
The only important movement of the army, which
happened between the action of the 2d of June,
until the present time, was the relief of the garri
son of Villore, which was performed between the
7th and 21st of August; the army having marched
in that period hear 200 miles, and threw into the
place provisions fufficient to maintain the garrison
to the firft of March next.
I am concerned to acquaint your Lordships with
the fall of Trincomale, which, by our intelligence,
was surrendered to the French force under Mons.
Suffrein, on the 31st ult. by capitulation. My
orders were to defend it to the last. Our squa
dron had an action with the French squadron off
the place on the 3d instant, in which the last fuffer
ed most; but our fleet found it necessary to come to
these roads, where it arrived the 9th instant, and
is now refitting, and intends proceeding to Bombay
the middle of next month. The Minerva store
ship, and the Major and Nottingham Indiamen,
belonging to Sir Richard Bickerton's fleet, are ar
rived; the two latter having dn board Lieutenant-
Colonel Adams, with two companies of His Ma
jesty's electoral troops. They have all of them ar
rived extremely healthy, and have fuffered very
little indeed by the voyage.
My present weak Rate will not allow of my en
tering into a particular detail of the fate march of
the army towards Cuddalore, and its return, toge
ther with the other occurrences which have since
happened.
Major-General Sir Hector Munro has resigned
the service, and returns to Europe in the Myrtle
transport, which fails in a few days. Major-Ge
neral Stuart, who has been constantly in the field
during the whole of this year's campaign, will, in
consequence, succeed to the chief command of the
company's troops on this establishment. He has
been in command of the army ever since my illness,
in the conduct of which he has shewn the most in
defatigable activity, in a manner highly to his own
honour, and much to my fatisfadion.
LONDO N, February 21.
The following singular character is given of an
Irish Milefian Chieftain, of the name of O'Leary,
who died lately at Hospitable-Hall, in Ireland:
" His door was ever open to the traveller and poor,
and the gaol unknown to his tenants: He detested
the use of locks and keys, especially to his cellar and
kitchen ; and would not admit either bolts or bars,
to secure his doors or windows, alleging for reason,
that the rich would not rob him; and the pool