The royal gazette — [Charleston] S.C., 1781-06-13 00:00:00, page 2

______________
GENERAL BURGOYNE, from the time he Mrs firft
known, has been admired for his fine talents. Beiqre
the campaign from Canada in 1777, he had the character of an
accomplished, enterprising, and resolute Officer. Unfortu
nate and difgraceful as that campaign was to this country, the
publics still look towards him in his retreat, with a degree of
affection, that greatly difringuifhes him from other officers
who had high commands during the present war.
Mr. Burgoyne was appointed Lieut. Colonel Commandant
of a regiment of light dragoons in 1759. The present Colonel
Luttrell was appointed youngest captainin that regiment,
Lieut. Colonel Kingston, who was Adjutant General on the
Canada expedition, was the oldest lieutenant, and Mr. Justice
Addington was a cornet in the fame regiment. This regiment
served at Bellifle in 1761. The year following, Colonel Bur
goyne served as a Brigadier General in Portugal, and distin
guished himfelf greatly by his gallantry and conduct at the at
tack of Valentia d'Alcantara. It is with phafure we quote
the orders of the day, August 29th, 1762, illued by Field
Marshal Count de la Lippe Buckebourg. "The Field Mar
“ ihal thinks it his outy to acquaint the army with the glqri
" ous conduct of Brigadier Burgoyne, who after having
" marched fifteen leagues without halting, had taken Valen
" tia d'Alcantara sword in hand, made the General who was
" to have invaded Alentejo, prisoner, destroyed the Spanish
" regiment of Seville, taken three standards, a colonel, many
" officers of diftindtion, and a greatnumber of foldicrs. # The
“ Marshal makes no doubt but the whole army will rejoice at
" the event, and that every one will, in proportion to his
Q rank, ffrive to imitate so glorious an example." During
this attack the British troops were as much admired for their
generosity as their courage ; the town and the inhabitants fuf
fered very little, owing to the excellent discipline and good
order Brigadier Burgoyne kept up in the heat of the action.
He was appointed a Major-General in 1772, and a Lieute
nant General in 1777.
During the peace, his speech in 1773, when he was Chair
man of the Committee for enquiring into the state of affairs in
the East Indies, was considered as a finifhed piece of eloquence.
His speech February 27th, 1775, on American affairs, before he
embarked for that country, justly received equal applause.
Scon after that he embarked with Generals Howe and Clinton
for Boston, and arrived there early in June. The proclamation
irtued the 12th of that month, and the letter dated August
13th, sent by General Gage to Washington, were thought by
many to be the productions of his pen. Certain it is they con
tain much of that literary merit for which General Burgoyne
is so distinguished. He came home during the winter, and in
spring 1776 was sent out to Canada. In that campaign he was
rather a fpeftator than an aCtor, being under the command of
General Carleton. He returned to England in the winter, and
in spring 1777 embarked a second time for Canada, being ap
pointed to command the army which was to march from that
country, to penetrate into the province of New-York by the
likes and Hudson's river. He arrived at Quebeck the 6th of
May. Having crossed the lakes, he appeared before Ticon
deroga the firft of July. The returns of the army then were,
British 3576, Germans 2919, British artillery 257, German
ditto ico, recruits 154 ; in all 7006 rank and file, fit for duty..
Add to these 148 Canadians, 83 provincials, and 350 Indians,
which makes the 4 whole army, regulars and irregulars, 7587
men. The rebels abandoned Ticonderoga on the 6th, and
910 British and Germans were left to garrison it. The army
proceeded by South-Bay, Skenefborough, and Fort Anne to
Hudson's river. The unfortunate action at Bennington hap
pened on the 16th of August. On the firft of September the
return was 2635 British, 1711 Germans, artillery as before,
511, additional companies joined September 3d 300, in all
rank and file fit for duty 5157. Add 90 Indians, 650 provin
cials, and a few Canadians, make the whole about 6000. Sep
tember the 13th and 14th tne army passed the Hudson, and on
the 19th were attacked on their march by General Arnold, at
Freeman's farm, within about half a league of Stillwater. Ar
nold's force was said to be 6000 ; the weight of the engage
ment lay upon the 20th, 210, and 62d regiments, for near
four hours. Just before the. close of the action, Gen. Reide
fel of the Brunswick troops, arrived with a part of the left
"wing, in time to charge the enemy. Arnold retired to his
camp at Stillwater. Major General Phillips distinguished him
felf very much in this action. The 6zd regiment were reduced
under 60 men, and both the field officers, Lieut. Colonel An
ftruther and Major Harnage, were wounded ; belides many
• other officers killed and wounded. The rebels' had great num
bers of rifle men in final! detachments on our flanks, many
took post on high trees in the rear of their own line, and there
was feidom a minute's interval of smoke without officers being
taken off by tingle shot. Capt. Green, aid-de-camp to Ge
neral Phillips, was shot through the arm by one of those
marksmen, as he was delivering a message to General Bur
goyne. After the convention, the commanding officer of the
ride men informed General Burgoyne, that the shot was meant
for him ; and as Capt. Green was seen to fall from his horse,
it was, for some hours believed in the enemy's army, that
General Burgoyne was killed. His escape was owing to the
Captain's having a laced furniture to his saddle, which made
him mistaken for the General. Not one of our Indians could
be brought within the found of a rifle shot. The Canadians
were of no service, there is a great change in their military
character. General Burgoyne admits that a few of the pro
vincials were serviceable ; but fays the,German chaffeurs were
the belt men he had to oppose the rifle men, though they were
not one to twenty of the enemy. Of the artillery 36 out of 48
were killed and wounded. From September the 20th to Octo
ber the 7th, the armies were, so near that not a night passed
without firing „during the whole of that time, officers and
fbldiers when they slept never put off their cloaths ; the gene
ral officers, and commanders of regiments never passed a night
without being on their legs at different hours, and confidently
an hour before day light. During the above period General
Burgoyne fortifiedhis camp. The rebels were in a post strong
ly fortified, only one mile and a half distant; but from the
backwardness of the few Indians that remained, the numbers
of the rebel rifle men and irregulars on their out posts, and the
strength and .darkness of the surrounding woods, it was not
practicable to gain any competent knowledge of their position,
it was even impoflible to catch a view of any part of it. This
mult be understood of the left only, for Capt. Money recon
noitered the right of the rebel camp ; it was on a hill very near
die river, on the top of the hill a strong breast work, at the
foot an abbatis, -and not to be attacked. All hope of assistance
from Sir Henry Clinton being at an end, provisions decreasing
faft, and a total want of forage, General Burgoyne on the 7th
of October, made a movement with a detachment of 1500 men
and 8 pieces of cannon to the enemy's left, not only to disco
ver whether it was possible to force a paflage, should it be ne
cessary toadvance, or so dislodge the enemy for the convenien
cy of a rotrod, but also to cover a forage, the army being in
the greeted distress. General Burgoyne had with him Major
Generals Phillips and Reidefel, and Brigadier General Fraser.
The camp on the heights was left under Brigadier Generals
Hamilton and Spechr ; the redoubts and the plain to Brigadier
General Goll ; as the rebels in front were more than double
their number, it was not possible to augrn mt the corps that
msrm4 above 1500. General Burgoyne loaned the troops
x.tbin three quarters of a mile of the enemy's left.
Gates haidu< rmined to receive the attack in his lines, but
From the Political Magazine.
Account of Gen. BURGOYNE.
Arnold who commanded on the ' left, f^cfeJn,; the dangex i
being turned, advanced without confutation woh his Gene
ra!, and gave, instead of receiving battle. General Burgoyne
himfelf fays, " 1 have reafoiKo beidt: that >ny disappointment
" on that day proceeded from this uncommon circumstance in the
" conduct of the enemy. Had Arnold failed, the firoke quouid
" have been fatal to him ; and lam confident, from a minute
" examination of the ground finer, bad the enemy kept in their
" entrenchments, Ijbould in a few hours, have gained a position,
" toat, inflate of their numbers, would have put them in my
" power,."
„ Captain Fraser with his rangers, and the Indians and pro
vincials, were ordered by General Burgoyne to go by secret
paths through the woods to gain the enemy's rear, and by
fnewing themselves there to keep th^'m in check. All further
.operations were prevented by Arnold's sudden and rapid at
tack on our left, where the British grenadiers were polled to
support the left wing of the line. Major Ackland at the head
of the^gr^nadiers sustained the attack with great fefolution;
but the great force of the enemy enabling them to extend their
attack along the front of the Germans who were on the right
of the grenadiers, no part of that body could be removed to
make a second line to support the flank, where the ftrefi of the
fire lay. As soon as the firing had begun, a battalion of Brunf
wickers gait way, and Captain Money, who was on the spot,.
did not lee they left a man behind them on the ground. The
right confuting of the Light Infantry and %tb regiment under
Gen. Fraser were at this time engaged, and the enemy were
marching a large corps round their flank to cut off their re
treat. At this crisis Sir Francis Clarke, Gen# Burgoyne's aid
de-camp, carrying orders to bring off the artillery, and for the
whole of the detachment to return to the camp, was mor
tally wounded. The loss of the artillery and the subsequent
loss of the whole army have been imputed to this fatal acci
dent, and to the flight of t|ie Brunfwickers. The light infan
try and 24th, on tne right, were ordered to form a second
line to secure the retreat; while this movement was making,
the rebels pushed a frefh and strong reinforcement to renew
the action on our left, which overpowered by a great fuperio-'
rity, gave way, and the light infantry and 24th, making a
quick movement to save that point from being entirely carried,
General Fraser who led them was mortally wounded. The
danger of the camp now becoming of the most serious nature,
General Burgoyne returned to take proper measures for its
defence, the cate of bringing back the detachment being com
mitted to Generals Phillips and Reidefel. Indeed a retreat
was the only measure left, our men being overpowered in
front by a superiority of fire, and both our flanks turned. The
troops retreated, hard proved, but in good order. Six pieces
of cannon were left, all the hoffes being killed, a'nd most of
the artillery men, who behaved with the greatest bravery
under Major Williams, were either killed or wounded..
Capt. Bloomfield, Who was the only artillery officer examined
in the House of Commons by Gen. Burgoyne, said in his evi
dence, that after the Germans were driven back, the rebels
kept a pretty warm fire of mufquetry on the artillery, and the
troops polled about them ; that soon after he heard a firing on
the right, where the light infantry were polled on a veiy com
manding ground, on their retreating together with the 24th,
who were also on the right of the artillery, (this was the
movement made by Gen. Fraser to support the left and to
cover their retreat, as before mentioned) the enemy appeared
on an eminence on the right of the artillery and cut off their
retreat; at that moment he was wounded. This officer could
give no further account of the artion; as he fell grieveoufly
wounded. Major Williams, and the few who were able to
art, continued in their duty till they were taken.
On the return of the troops, as General Burgoyne had for
feen, the camp was instantly attacked; the enemy got round
the right of it; Colonel Breyman's post was stormed ; Gene
ral Burgoyne did his utmost to recover it; but his efforts were
ineffectual from the darkness of the night, and the entire con
fufion into which the Germans had been thrown. Lord Bal
carras repulsed the rebels from his post. The carrying of
Breyman's post laid op'en the left and rear of our camp, which
obliged General Burgoyne to retreat in the night, and take a
new position nearer the river; this was effected before day
light. In this artion a shot passed through his hat, and
another his tore waiftepat. We cannot forbear giving the
account of General Fraser's funeral in General Burgoyne's
own words:
“ Earlyin the morning of the Bth, Gen. Fraser breathed
his last; —and with the kindest expreflions of his affection, his
last request was brought me, that he might be carried without
parade by the soldiers of his corps to ihe great redoubt, and
buried there. The whole day of the Sth was correspondent
to this unaufpicious beginning. The hours were measured by
a fucceflion of immediate cares, increasing doubts, and me
lancholy objerts. The enemy were formed in two lines. Eve
ry part of their disposition, as well as the repeated attacks
on Lord Balcarras's corps, and the cannonade from the Plain,
kept the troops in momentary expectation of a general action.
During this fofpenfe, wounded officers, some upon crutches,
and others even carried upon hand-barrows by their servants,
were occasionally afeending the hill from the hofpita] tents, to
take their share in the action, or to follow the march of the ar
my. The generals were ' employed in exhorting the troops.
About sunset the corpse of General Fraser was brought up the
hill, attended only by the officers who lived in his family. To
arrive at the redoubt it paflhd within view of the greatest part
of both armies. Gen. Phillips, Gen. Reidefel and myfelf, who
were standing together, were struck with the humility of the
procession. They who were ignorant that privacy had been
requeued, might construe it negle&. We could neither en
dure that reflection, nor indeed restrain our natural propensity
to pay our lad attention to his remains. The circumstances
cannot be better described than they have been by different
witnesses, particularly Lieut. Col. Kingston.
" The enemy," fays he, “ were in this instance, I thought,
“ very deficient in point of humanity; they pointed 2 gun or
“ two at that very redoubt, and kept up a brisk cannonade
" during the whole of the funeral service, which was per
“ formed with great solemnity, and very deliberately by Mr.
“ Brudenell, the chaplain. I never saw so averting a fight."
The incessant cannonade during the solemnity; the steady
attitude and unaltered voice with which the Chaplain offici
ated, though frequently covered with dust, which the shot
threw upon all sides of him ; the mute, but expressive mixture
of sensibility and indignation upon every countenance: these
objerts will remain to the last of life upon the minds of every
man who was present. The growing duskiness added to the
feenery, and the whole marked a character of that juncture,
that would make one of the fineft fubjeCts for the pencil of a
master, that the field ever exhibited.—To the canvas, and to
the faithful page of a more important historian, gallant friend!
I consign thy memory. There may thy talents, thy manly
virtues, their progress and their period, find due diftinCtion;
and long may they survive; long after the frail record of my
pen Shall be forgotten."
In the night of the Bth, General Burgoyne retreated; at
day break on the 9th a halt was made to refrefh the troops ;
after which the march was continued during an incessant rain.
In the night the army arrived at Saratoga; most of the men
had neither strength nor inclination ' to cut wood, and make
fires, but fought Sleep in their wet cloaths uuon the wet
ground, under the continuing rain. Here in a few days the
army mate the unfortunate convention, which is Sufficiently
known. Me are not inclined to investigate Geimral Burgoyne's
:* • :<rorn to England, those who to un-
dc.dmj that ff^ ray ^^l tie Genii . T . r ,r,)
one, and the diff.:er.t puces that have been' v- :'
gainft him. '
CHARL63 MORGAN, ~
Stationer & 800 x3: n n, r
Kgs leave to acpmint the Publick,
THAT he has taken the Store, No. 106,
where he carries on the BOOKBINDING
in all its branches; and has for file, Writing PCT, •
Books, elegant Etuee Cases, Red Morocco f
and most other forts of Stationary.
'jAtor 1 A~c 0
Licensed VENDUE-MASTER.
BEGS leave to acquaint bis friends and <'w p.'click
general, That he intends carrying on the VI VVJrt BUS?
in all its branches, for which purpose he has eked ;.vr; c,^ ,
store and cellar in Broad-street, near the h.r..7 % b. o . r, ^^F^
caption of such goods as his friends may plc.e to favour him w\i
to whose interest a ftrift attention will be pod, and flutters 10 Aw
with the hopes of giving general fttisfatlion, being convert-':
in that branch, having followed the fame many yean, m Gcor^
in this province. |/.
IUST IMPORr £ L)
And to be fold on the most renfonable Terms fur falls or c
reafomdb Credit, ly
ROBERT FAR QUFI AR, > Co.
No. 10, Broad-ffreet,
A large Assortment of
European and Eaft-dndia GOODS, viz.
TRISH Linens, Brown Holland, Ruffin Drabs, Carlix, Dew
A las, Oznaburgs, Sheeting and Milngavick Linens, Long Lawns
Linen and Cotton Stripes, Bengal Stripes, printed Linens, Crtlicot'
dark ground cottons, India Jeans and .Dimities, Draw buys, Lorcu^'
Marseilles Quilting, corded, fleered and Griped Petticoating of a
extraordinary quality, Corduroys, Kerfcymires, Velverets, Gauzes
Tapes, Threads, Ferrets, Counterpanes, elegant served work A-'
prons, Handkerchiefs and Ruffles, fan edge Coventry Lace Rib
bons, fiofs Trimmings, Twill and Crape fringe, biwh, white ^
Skeleton Wire, fcoiloped ditto, mufiin Gauze, plain, brack and incle
spot ditto, plain Griped Triinmings, twilled and rich broad ditto"
Lawn Gauze and Tiffany, an elegant assortment of printed Shan'
and Barcelona Handkerchiefs, Womens and Mens hlk and leather
Gloves, Womens,filk Flits and Callimanco Shoes, Mens fine ditto,
Military ditto, with a Variety of Glass and Queen's Ware; also Run,
Sugar and Tea, choice Port Wine by the Calk and Dozen, Soap of
an excellent Quality.
N.B Planters may be supplied on the best Terms,.and their Pro.
duce taken in Payment.|
THE fubferiber has given up his store in Elliott-street, and
A taken a large Gore, &c. on Greenwood's wharf, facing the
scale-house, where he will be highly obliged to the publick in general
and bis friends in particular, for their custom in the few articles he
deals in, viz. Sugar and coffee, rum, brandy, gin, wines, corks, all
ferts of glass ware, Queen's ware plates, olffies, tureens, bowls, &c.
also all forts of tin ware, and a neat afibrtment of camp kettles, ffth
kettles, Gew and saucepans, speaking trumpets anddanthoFns, codfish
and potatoes. He has very good accommodation for the ilorage of
tobacco and country produce, and will do the utmost justice to these
that will employ him in the Factorage Way. Bread, flour and por
ter very reasonable. \fc. °GEORGE THOMSON.
ry™H E subscriber, as surviving Executor of the estate of
Miles Brewton, Esq; deceased, requests the favour of all
persons indebted to that estate, to difeharge their debts forthwith,
in order to enable him to make remittances to the creditors thereof
in Great-Britain; and for the more fpeeddy effecting the fame, he
gives notice, that Several very valuable and improved PLANTA
TIONS on both sides the Savannah river, and near the town of.
Savannah, (being part of the lands of said estate) are for dale, for
bills of Exchange, or otEerwife, as may be agreed on.
t CHARLES PINCKNEY, fen/
Who has several valuable LOTS of LAND, in excellent fituaticas
for trade, in Charleftown, to let out on building leases; also, some
good Negro Tradesmen, to hire out by the month. And further
requests those who are indebted to him on his own private account,
to pay off their debts. Cbarleftoiun, Irfarch TOSb, 1781.
WHEREAS Mrs. Mary Wilson, widow, executrix, re
siduary legatee and devifee of Mr. William Wilson, late of
Charleftown, Merchant, deceased, hath this day aligned and made
over to me, on behalf of myfelf, brother and other creditors, all and
singular the estate and effects' of the said deceased; I therefore give
Notice to the creditors here (if any such there be) to render me a
state of their refpe&ive demands, on oath, on or before the firft day of
July next ; and those anywise indebted to the said estate, to make im
mediate payment, otherwise they must be sued without diGin&ion;
the Settlement of the deceafed's concerns in this country admitting
of no delay : And such persons as paid off their accounts to the said
William Wilson, in rhe depreciated currency of 1777, 1778 and 1779,
are desired to make such payments good in the legal money of the
country, otherwise they will be forthwith sued without diGiuriioh.
Charlefo^n, April 26, 1781. GILBERT WILSON.f
For Sale on Burn's Wharf,
WOOD, Lumber, Rice, Indigo, Salt and Cordage. En
quire, at the Scale-House, of JOHN SMITH, f,
Any person in want of a SCHOONER, may apply as above. ;
MANTUA-MAKING.
ALL kinds of Mantuas made in the neatest manner and
newest fafhion, at a reasonable price, at No. 107, Meet
ing-Greet, opposite the White Meeting ; also every kind of
plain needle work done faithfully, with expedition. *h.
MR. SAMPSON CLARKE, of Charleftown, Merchant,
having assigned all his estate, real and personal, as also his
books of accounts, to us the fubferibers, in trust for all and singular his
private creditors; Notice ^s hereby given,. That such creditors
are required to furnifh us with hates of their several and refpe&ive
demands, within fx months from the date hereof, as immediately
thereafter a dividend will be made by us among his laid credi
tors. Notice is hereby also further given to them indebted to said
Clarke, that unless they do immediately pay their respective accounts,
they will be put in suit without farther application being made to
them. WILLIAM GREENWOOD,
Cbarlfcn, April 12, WILLIAM DUGUID,
1781. + JOHN TELFAIR.
NICHOLAS'SMIT H,
No. 29, on the Bay, near the Exchange,
HAS yUSIMPORTHD,
A Great variety of elegant JEWELLERY ; tortorfe-flic 1
I and japanned goods; gilt, inlaid, plated and oth^bucK,;
plated fours, a variety of .coat and breast buttons, lowt high fimitteA
ft eel hilts for dress iw.ords._a ft w pair of ver; gotey 'cone, ai.A
final! look big glasses, gilt and free! trinkets v.^.t 1 co : ^ brown
and white thread hose, white, coloured and ',!::..jury 1.,^„ ; r?^*
combs, setts of fine Shovels, tongs and pokers; pins hitcQapH
needles, filvnr end pinchbeck' thimbles, with verr ^ ?: wr articles,,
wish be \vL 101 lon thovery lewc., terne, 'oheQa^ er retail, lui
CRN: ar ;/wrrn:u:ltCL , t
IT is requested of all persons indebted to William Bryce,
l late of Charleftown, merchant, deccafed, to call and make
payment; and those to whom the estate is indebted, will
please make their claims known, to
X JAMES MCMURRAY, Administrator.