The New-Jersey gazette — Burlington [N.J.], 1785-03-07 00:00:00, page 2

happen as has n.
I am, Mr.
Mr. Scawm lot
And the-publicle - Avant.
I From the Pennsylvania Mercury.
I A GRICULTURE is the firft of the arts, both
as to time and importance. The polite Athe
nians taught it to the more ruftick Rates of Greece ;
their kings thinking it more meritorious to govern
'their country wifely in the arts of peace, than in the
midst of war and brilliant conquests, employed the in
habitants altogether in cultivating the earth. The
highest praise among the old Romans was that a' nlan
cultivated his ground well; their mod illustrious fen
itors, being greatly employed in hufbandiy, had nei
ther fplendour or majesty but when they appeared in
publick ; and their great generals returning from con
quest, were impatient till they were again on their
farms, cultivating them and even following the plow ;
[always ready, at the fame time, to serve their coun
-Itry in council or in the field when called on. But
!with the decline of the Roman Empire, its agricul
ture also greatly declined. Tarillo, a noble Veneti
an, was fortunate enough to address a little treatile to
the senate of his country, for reviving the agriculture
of the date, after it had been many centuries reduced
to a very low condition, by which he obtained to hini
felfand his h^irs a very considerable reward by grant
\of the senate.
\ Judge Fitzherbert's treatises on agriculture gave a
spur to the improvement and culture of lands ti Eng
land, and occaiioned great efforts there and in France.
But the Flemings pradifed husbandry to the best ad
vantage; however, without communicatiuguheir know
ledge by books. Their great point was to work and
dress their farms highly as a garden; clearing them
of Weeds, and stirring and manuring the ground well.
English travellers observed tlie practices of the Flem
ings, and in the last century occasioned great improve
ments in English agriculture by judicious publications.
In the present century the noble enthunrfm of the
worthy Mr. Tull routed the English gentry toadmire/
and pradife husbandry. H§ was philofophick, inge-/
nious and inftrudive; andtytyfrfaJty in carrying his
I system into an excels of e£rafogance: But it is to
Ihim, and to the introdufygfrtif Turnips and Clo
iver .into field husbandry, that drilling, planting or
setting wheat, highly drelling the ground, and the im
portant new system of Norfolk husbandry exists at this
d^v with ?" '" A '~°=* ^ C -. ', •
1 ' •'. - ou-t ° C&TCS ~Ck~„m:„: & jetfoils ^ 7.<ll<U
agriculture ; and chiefly to the culture of grain.—- 1
I France has cut up some vineyards, and the planting,
new ones is forbid. The nobility, the gentry, and]
even the ladies of France turn their minds to it. They,
have thirteen societies of agriculture, and these havel
nineteen other co-operating societies belonging to
them.
Agriculture is publickly taught as an Art, in the
Swedish, Danish, and German Universities.
Italy, too, is improving its husbandry, under the
publick encouragement and attentions. TariHo's book
is again newly published. A private gentleman has
lately left his whole fortune to endow an academy of
agriculture there.
The present king of Sardinia has sent people to
learn the practices of foreign countries in Husbandry,
and is improving the agriculture of his country. Po
land too is not idle in those improvements. Switzer
land is greatly advanced in them. Even the indolent
priest-ridden Spaniards and Portugueze are roused to
these attentions by the wife policy and goodness of
their present sovereigns. The queen of Portugal, it
is said, has ordered vineyards to be rooted out; and
encourages the sowing wheat in the place of cultivat
ing the vine.
Where, now, where is there a spirit of agricultural
improvement in America?—What publick— what
legislative power in America, spends a penny —-a
thought on it ?—Has any thing been done for ad
vancing this Soul of American independence, its
strength and importance among the nations of the
earth? Where are the publick bodies in America,
that even fugged: or seem to know the vastness of an
highly agricultural country ? —Where is it, in Ame
rica, an intetefting fubjeft of conversation ?—You
fay, here and there it is in private companies—scarce
ly ever among politicians— never among them, as an
objed of weight enough to abate, for a moment, the
career of their other attentions ! B.
¥========= ss— =^^^s
Foreign Intelligence.
T ANGIE R S, October 9.
THIS day came in here an American brigantine,
which had failed from Cadiz for one of the I
!ports of the United States, and was ta. on-
Iday by the frigate of Captain Ha'met Turqui, eof
the five belonging to the Emperor of Morocco that
I actually cruise in the ocean, and was brought in here
I manned with the moors of that frigate.
ILONDO N, November 28.
A most melancholy accident happened last week at
Ardleigh, near Colchefter.—A young man, who went
to fee his brother, being at dinner, a knife fell from
Ithe table, and he attempting to catch it on his knee,
I nipped it horizontally with the edge downwards be-
I tween his thighs, and cut the arteries so that he bled
to death, notwithstanding every assistance was given
by the faculty.
Dec. 21. On Monday night, the 13th inst. between
seven and eight o'clock, died, in his 76th year, at his
house in Boult-court, Fleet-street, Dr. Samuel
Johnson, so universally known and celebrated in the
learned world, that nothing we can fay on that head
can add to bis fame. The writer of this article has
known him intimately for above forty years, and can
with justice fay, he never knew a man who porfeffed
more benevolence, more friendship, or had a purer
heart, dhole who knew him belt loved him most,
I and will long retain that veneration for his memory,
I which his lingular worth and manly unuuftanding so
leminently commanded.
I / THE SOU FFL E.
I I The Emperor gives the Dutch a k ; ck on the b—h,
[ And breaks his Inins in die Cornell — Old Frederick
■flaps the Emperor's face—while the Empress pinches
I Old Frederick's ear—France runs between the difpu-
I tants, and terribly fpraim her ankle—while Sweden's
nose runs plentifully withblood, in consequence of re
ceiving a plumper from the Empress, for interfering
with a dilpute with which die had nothing to do.
!f+^ft+ t++fc^s';^+4fc*|H4 r&frs+H+*;<4*
American Intelligences ,
CHA RLESTO N, January 5.
frr^HE Creek Indians having lately conceived that
, 4 the people of Georgia had attempted to wrest the
lands on the Okonee river from them; and it being 1
represented to the nation at a general convention, held'
in June lad, a lew days after the return of Mr. Mac
gillvray and the Chiefs Iron the Congress at Penfa-
I cola, occasioned a ferment that required the utmotti
address of the moderate puty to prevent its causing
an immediate commencement of hostilities. It Was at
14 agreed on, Mr, Macgillvray Ihould fend
'- - "^o.^^ 'tec ms, w' li walk g
frt^b =.^>,
and in the nays to come, live together in peace and
, harmony, we thought his offers jud and reasonable—l
I we "^''e^ 10 them—and from that time, have we|
1 sealed to do any thing injurious to your people. Fromi
J you, we expected a condoled equally friendly. To 1
■ you, it was well known that the part we a&ed during
the warj could not proceed from rancour or malice,
m&was in obedience to the commands of the great
Kir^ —once the father of you as well as of us—who
lupported our families and ourselves in war and in
peace, and to whom we were bound by every tie of
duty and gratitude. How can you blame us for fight
ing his battles, when many years have not yet palled
awa % hhce you did the fame yourselves, againtt the
French and Spaniards ?
Notwithstanding the peaceable and quiet conduct
on our part, lince we received General Wayne's talk;
I notwithlfanding it was out earned desire to avoid
every thing th«t might poifoly interrupt the general
tranquility; and notwithltaiding we were difpoied to
have yielded many things rather than rekindle the
flames of war, we have experienced from you injuries
of a nature, that to overlock them, would prove us
the degenerate sons of our fathers, and degrade our
nation to the most a^e& and humiliating state of de
pendency. blood has beer wantonly spilled; your
young men have killed some of ours; and a circum
stance has lately come to our knowledge, that removes
every Ihadow of doubt refpt&ing your future intenti
ons. Instead of that friendhip and equality held out
by General Wayne, you have, since the conclusion
of the peace between you and our late good friends
the Englilh, assumed the style and language of con
querors—you have treated us with indignity—you
have fixed your habitations and dwellings on our lands,
as if they were your own.
j Brothers,
You cannot know but th;t these proceedings are
wrong—that they are unjust: We hope you will lis
ten to our talk.
You wish to have our trade; but let us ask you,
where are we to find ficins to buy your goods with,
after you have taken from us our hunting ground ?
Some have told us, and we could wish truly, that the
wife men at Savannah are against doing us any wrong;
but we are to. ,know we can be
lieve, that man j »gft you are deter
mined to quarrel , and to take from us by
force the lands which we have received from our fa
thers.
Our young men have not been wanting in desire to
revenge these unprovoked injuries done to their coun
try; we have prevented the hatchet being yet raised
up; and we are now met to deliberate on the means
best adapted to prevent our being deprived of what
the unimerrupted possession for time beyond the me
mories"of any men either we or our fathers saw,
makes our property; and, if possible, to prevent the
tears of grief and distress again streaming down the
cheeks of the aged men and women, amongst you as
well as amongst us, for sons, whose lives may be loft,
in the event of your bad people persisting in their pre
sent doings. We wish you to receive this talk, as a
proof of our desire to avoid extremities; and we re
qued that your wife men will give it due attention.
Brothers,
It is ungenerous in you to seek an advantage, now
that our friends have forf^ke, us. Ihe lands you
want are ours, and have belonged to our fathers since
the firft riling of the,fan. We cannot spare them,
and you have already rp#re than you can take carb of.
f We desire you will order your people to remove from
off them, and that you will forbid others fitting down
there. Although we feel the ungenerous treatment
of Britain, in the late peace ; still we trust we save
bodr rtCTdrtirud'erand ability requisite to do ourielves
justice, if you persist in oppreffiag us.
Brothers,
We wish not to quarrel wi r h yoeftnd 'kenfote we
fend you this talk; and we beg an aulwer as soon as
possible. We hope your intentions may be equally
peaceable as ours, but if after receiving this friendly
talk, you should perfill in fettling the Okonee %nds,
you will not have us to blame for the horrors of war
that mutt ensue. We Ipeak the language of every
man in our nation whenoye fay, we will spill the last
drop of out blood, sooner than yield up to you the
lands on tfe OkoneeTiver./
Little Tilaffi, June zy.
February 3. —"
Extract of a fetter frow a gentleman in London, to
bis friend in this city.
" Your next Legislature will require a great deal
of wisdom and ptudence. American credit never was
at so low an ebb as at present; feveraJ American
hoafes have flopped tor want of remittances from your
fide of the water. You have murlp n o proven f^
t.. nenr : f-rc -
r ^^^ dAX. ^^ ^ hr :r w%^
r _.;.i~x .moi. life act or Aiiemoly prohibiting the
recovery of debts, is thought highly unjust, if you
confider that the local annual expences of the state,
including interest, are 127,0001. Veiling, it ought to
make you look about you—it is one-third the value of
your whole crop; It is high time, both as friends to
your country and good chriltians, to discard all pri
vate animohues; and for every man to set his shoulder
to the burthen under which the state labours—Lock
your debts, both publick and private, in the face
Provide for payment —Examine the charges against
your country, aud if any of them are founded in truth,
do away the cause—Be just—Be magnanimous in
peace, as you have been brave and honourable in
war."
Feb. 7. Ah feroftatick globe was raised on Monday
afternoon from the Green. It was conftruded by a
young gentleman of this city, and exhibited a fuccefs
ful Ipecimen of his abilities in balloon manufacture,
the machine rising gradually in the air until it was
entirely out of fight. It has been found in St. John's
Parish.
And on Saturday another was exhibited in Queen
ftreet. It fell on John's Island.
NEW-Y OR K, February 17.
A short abftrad of the law now before the Honoura
ble the Legislature for incorporating the several
MECHANICKS of the city of A'e'w-Yorb, into
one Body Corporate and Politick, and the obvious
Reasons which induced them to apply for such a
law.
ift. TOO raise a sum of money by voluntary con
tributions of the Members, to receive lega
cies, &c. for the purposes herein after mentioned.
zdly. To enable them, as a Corporation, to pur
chase or lease a convenient spot to build an Alros-
House, for the comfort and convenience of indigent
and reduced brethren, widows and orphans.
gdly. To lend out money, and receive and add the
lawful interest of such money to the general fund.
4thly. To procure a room, to deposit the ingeni
ous productions of Mechanicks, for publick infpeCti
on ; to raise an emulation to excel, and give honorary
medals, premiums, and other gratifications to the most
meritorious,