The Federal mirror — Concord, N.H., 1795-09-11 00:00:00, page 2

the law, and according to the formi
which it prescribes.
Every citizen summoned or arrest
ed by authority of the law, ought io
ftaotly to obey ; he renders himfelf
culpable by resistance;
Art. IX, Those who fofcit, expe
dite, sign, execute, or cause to be ex
ecuted, arbitrary ads, are criminal,
and onght to be punished.
Art. X. Every man being presum
ed innnocent, till he is legally convia
ed; all riger, not abfolucely necessa
ry to secure hit person, ought to be
Severely reprimanded by the law.
Art. XI. No one ought to be con
viaed nor punilhed until after he has
been heard, or legally Summoned.
Art. XII. No law, criminal or ci
vil, can take effed ex post fafio, or
have a retroadive effed.
Art. XIII. The law can ordain no
punifhmenti; but what are ftriftly
necessary. Punishments ought to be
proportioned co crimes. '
Art. XIV. The tight of property
is that of enjoying and disposing of
one's goods and revenues, the fruit of
his labour and industry.
Art. XV. Every mao may dip
pose of his time and Services, but he
can neither fell himfelf nor be fold ;
his person is not alienable proper
ty-
Art. XVI. No one can be depriv
ed of his property without his con
sent, unless when public necessity, le
gally proved,, exads it, and under
condition of his receiving a just in
demnity.
Art. XVIL Every contribution is
established for general utility ; it
ought to be shared among the contri
butors in proportion to their ability^
Art. XVIII. Sovereignty resides
effeotially in the universality of the
citizens ; it is one, indivisible, impre
fcriprible, inalienable.
Art. XIX. No individual or par
tial re-union of the citizens can attri
bute the Sovereignty to themselves.
No one can without a legal delega
tion, exercise any authority, nor fill
any public office.
Art. XX. Every citizen has a right
to assist, either immediately or medi
ately, in the formation of the law, in
the nomination of the representatives
of the people, and public officers.
Art. XXI. Social compact cannot
exist if the division of the power be
not established, if its limits be not
fixed, and if the responsibility of the
public officers be not assured.
Art. XXII. The public offices
cannot become the property of those
who hold them..
Art. XXIII. The citizens have the
right of addressing petitions to the de
poficaries of public authority.
CONSTITUTIONAL JCT.
The French Republic is one and
indivisible. The universality of the
French citizens is Sovereign.
SECTION I.
Territorial Div^on,^^
Art. I. France is divided into
Departments.——These departments
are [Here follow the names of the de
partments.]
11. The limits of the departments
can be changed or retyped, upon the
demand of the citizens ; but in that
case the Surface of adepartment can
not exceed a hundred square myriam
cteri, (400%quare leagues.)
111. Each department is destined
into diftrith, each diftrift into com
munes..
IV. There cannot be more than
the distance of a myriameter from the
extremity co the capital of the dif
tri&.
' SECTION 11.
Political State of the Citizens.
Art. I. Every citizen born and rest
ident in France, who is more than 21
years of age, is inferibed in the civic
register of his diftria, who has lived
in the territories of the Republic for
one year past, and who pays any di
rea contribution whatever, real or
personal to a French citizen.
IL Those citizens of the Republic
are without the condition of contri
bution, who have Served one or more
campaigns for the cause of liberty.
111. A ftraoger becomes a French
citizen after having attained the age
of 21 years, and having declared his
intention of fettling in France, has
resided there Seven years successively,
provided he pays a dired contribu
tion, and that befidei he poffeffeu a
,real estate, or an establishment either
of agriculture or of commerce, or
have married a French woman.
IV. French citizens alone have the
right of voting in the Primary As
semblies, and of being appointed to
the offices established by the constitu
tion.
V. The exercise of the right of a
citizen is loft, 1. by naturalization in
a foreign country, 2. by adoption io
a Society which would Support distinc
tion by birth, or which would exaft
religious vows, 3. by accepting of
offices or pensions from a foreign
government, 4. by being condemned
to penal or infamous punishment.
VI. The exercise of the rights of a
citizen is suspended, 1. by judiciary
prohibition for the causes of phrenzy,
madness or imbecility, 2 bankruptcy,
3. by being an hired servant, attach
ed to the Service of a person or fami
ly, 4. by being in a state of accusa
tion, 5. by a judgment of contumacy,
until the judgment be annihilated.
VIL Every citizen who has resid
ed Seven years out of the territory of
the. Republic, without authority, is
accounted a stranger; he cannot be
come a French citizen again until he
fulfil the conditions prescribed by art.
111.
VIII. Young men cannot be en
rolled on the civic register, unless they
can prove their being able to read &
write, and of having learnt a mechan
ic trade. This article will not be en
forced until the ninth year of the Re
public.
SECTION 111.
^ Primary Affrablies.
Art. I. The Primary Assemblies
are composed of citizens residing for
a year past in the fame Diftrift.
IL No one can be replaced in the
Primary Assemblies, nor vote for the
fame thing in more than one of these
assemblies.
111. The number of citizens hav
ing a right to vote in every Primary
Assembly, is 450 at least, and nine
hundred at most.
IV; Nevertheless, there is a Prima
ry Assembly to every diftrift.
V. The Primary Assemblies are
constituted provisionally, under the
Pretittag of the eldest; the young
est fills the office of Secretary provif.
ional. ,
VI. They are constituted defini
tively, by Domination, by Scrutiny of
4 President, of a Secretary, and of 3
fenftinizets.
; VII. If any difficulty arise upon
the qualifications requisite for voting,
the assembly decides provifronally,
with reference to the ordinary tribu
nal£
VIII. In every other case, the leg
illative body pronounce alone upon
the validity of the operations of the
I Primary Assemblies.
IX. No one can appear in arms in
the Primary Affembiei.
X. Their internal police is to be
fettled by themselves.
XI. What is made in one Primary
Assembly beyond the object of its
convocation, and against the deter
mined forms of the conftitucion, is
void.
XII. The Primary Assemblies are"
reunited, 1. to accept or rejed the
constitution, or the changes proposed
by the assemblies of revifioo. 2. to
make the elections which they ought
to make according to the constitu
tion.
XIII. They assemble with (Here
three or four words are unintelligible,
owing to the bad print of the paper we
have received]— Germinal, every year,
to proceed in the order indicated by
the following article, to the elections
which they will find necessary.
XIV. To eleft i. the members of
the legislative body, to wit, the mem
bers of the council of five bundled.
2. The members of the tribunal of
abrogation, 3. the members of the na
tional jury, the president, public ac
cuser and register of the criminal tri
bunal of the department, 5, ,the prefi
deots and judges of the civil tribunals,
6. the administrators of the depart
ments, 7. the president of the munic
ipal administrations of the department,
8. the jufttees of the peace and their
assessors.
XV. The assemblies make no oth
er elections than those which are at
tributed to them by the preceding ar
ticle;
XVI. All the elections are made
by Secret Scrutiny.
XVII. Every citizen who is legal
ly convifted of having fold or bought
a vote, is excluded from the Primary
Assemblies during 20 years ; in case
of a relapse, forever.
(To be continued.)
THE following transition of a
Bon-Mot, from a late Paris paper,
may be considered as a bold stroke of
wit, when it is considered that the
Primary Assemblies were about con
voking for the purpose of discussing
the proposed new Constitution.
A man of wit said—-Why do
wo not open our eyes ? Nature,
who had forefeen that on one
day or other there Should be
Republics, has been willing to
make us watchful and to guard
against those excesses which our
ideas thereof might give birth
to ; and has placed before our
eyes the firft, the truest, the fin
eft model of Government-----
Man !----Man has two Arms,
two Legs, and one head only.
The bead commands; the mem
bers obey ; all are connected,
and all a& in order and harmo
ny. ONE Head alone is Suffici
ent to conduH the buman machine!
What would happen were the
Feet to give their opinion ?----
What always will happen when
those, who now ought to be in
action are but in debate !
fl LONDON, JUNE 22. %
FAMILY OF DE GRASSE.
A Paris paper of the 15th instant,
contains the following paff^ge rela
tive to this family
^ 6 'Auguste de Graffe, the General's
son, was obliged to fly from St. Do
mingo, and to fetk a refuge in New-
England. As fqon as he was recog
nized, C. Holmes forced him to take
a lodging at his house, defraying eve
ry expeafe both for him and his fam-
ily. On his partage he hal been fltip-,
ped of every thing by the E-gifh.
" A short rim^ after his arrival at
Charleftown, the Pfefident of Con
gress made him a present of a foperb
boufe,° and 737 acres of land.—ln ad
dition to this gift, a Mrs. Hamilton
gave him the use of a magnificent
country house, completely fufnifhed,
and embellished with spacious gar
dens.
“ The Americans had just paid the
tribute of gratitude to the son of the
conqueror of Cornwallis, when the
four daughters of the General Count
de Graffe, on their paffsge to St. Do
mingo, with a paffpprt from the
Committee of Public Safety put into
Bofton<
" They there received the marks'
of esteem and feafibility with which
their brother had been before wel
comed ; and their arrival was inferr
ed in these flattering terms.
" At fix o'clock yesterday morn
ing, by the Thorn, of Boston, after a
passage of 52 days, arrived here, the
four daughters of the famous Admi
ral Count de Graffe, to whom we are
indebted for our liberty and inde
pendence !"
The King of Prussia has just return
ed French prisoners to the number of
4600 privates, and nearly 900 offic
ers.
June 27.
Six thousand stand of arms, 4 field
pieces, and a quantity of gunpowder,
was the price of the peace recently
granted by the Dy of Algiers to A
merica./
-JULY 8.
The affairs of the Germanic
empire by no means bear a fa
vorable afpe&. A private letter
from Ratifbon, dated the^ift of
June, and which comes from a
very refpedable quarter, makes
the following observation : We
are on the eve of feeing a feifm
in the empire, and an overthrow
of the German constitution.----
Prussia insists on taking part in
the negociation for peace, and
has already a majority of voices,
even those of the elector of Co
logne, uncle to the emperor, &
of the elector of Saxe. His Im
perial Majesty's ministers, have
already declared that the empe
ror will refufe his fan&ion to
the co-dire&ion of Prussia, and
will withdraw all his troops into
his hereditary dominions, and
abandon the states of the em
pire. We expert a war with
Prussia.
Domestic Intelligence.
PHILADELPHIA, AUG. 25.
THE brig Rebeccah, Capt. Bazing,
arrived here yesterday from London,
failed from thence on the 28th of
June, but being wind-bound, put in
to Weymouth, and failed again on
the 3d of July.'
Ac a public house at the last men
tioned place, Capt. 6. saw London
papers of the 2d, but could not pro
cure them to bring away, although he'
offered a very liberal price for them.
A few days ago, fell in with a Brit
i(h privateer, the Experiment, of Ber
muda, Capt. Naffi, who informed,
that he had taken five American ref
felt bound home from France, and
that having found letters in the priz-,
ea relating to the contents of two ref
fels bound to this port, and one to
Newyork, he was resolved to contio-