The royal gazette — [Charleston] S.C., 1782-07-03 00:00:00, page 4

EXTRACT from a PAMPHLET lately published in Eng
land, intitled, " The Interest of Great-Britain, with
regard to her American Colonies, conlidered." By James
Anderson, M. A. &c.
CHA P. IV.
Ofthe Population and Trade of the American Colonies, and their^
Effeßs upon the Commerce, Population, and Manufactures of
dreat-Britain.
[Concluded from our lafl.]
L A NNO 1600, the inhabitants of Britain were by
supposition about 5,000,000
Between 1600 and 1630, the increase on that number,
according to the above proportion would be 1,666,666
Making together 6;666,666
horn which must be deduced
Fer defence and commerce, about 100,000, which mul
tiplied by 3, gives 300,000
By emigrations to America during this period
as before, 0000: which multiplied by 5,
gives lO,CCO
By emigrations to all other places 50,000 „ 6o coo
Hence the whole amount ofpeople in Britainanno 163®,
would be , , 6,306,666
11. From 1630 to T 660, the natural increase .on thele
at the above-mention proportion would amount to ijoipA
Making in all 8,408,838
From which deduct
For defence and commerce,
150,000 X 3 450,000
By emigrations to America,
40,000 x 4 160,000
By ditto to Ireland and other places, suppose 300,000
Destroyed by the civil wars during this period 500,000
•—w —. I,4l°>°°°
Total people in Britain anno .'660 6,988,883
in From 1660 to 1690, the natural increase on thele
as above is "
Making together P^^^jo
From these dedu&
For defence and commerce, o _
160,000 x 3 480)000
By emigrants to America
100,000 x 3.5 k,
Byemigrants to other places fuppofc t, 430,000
Total inhabitants anno 1690 „ %9°l#s°
IV From 1600 to 1730, the natural increase on thele
Labove is 2,633,950
Making together 10,535,800
From these dedu&
For defence and commerce,
, 750,000
250,000 X 3,
emigrants to America,
y 130,000 X 3 L 660,000
By emigrants to other places about 850,000 2,260,000
— —;r —— 8.274,800
us above is 2,758,006
Making together 11,034,400
From these deduct
Por defence and commerce,
220,000 x 3 660,000
By emigrants to America,
300,000 x 3.5 750,000
By emigrants to other fettlemen ts, &c. 900,000
• = 2,310,000
Total inhabitants anno 1756 8,724,400
VI. From 1750 to 1780, the natural increase on these
as above is 2,968,133
Making together 11,632,533
From these dedu&
For defence, commerce, &c.
240,000 x 3 720,000
By emigrants to America,
500,000 x 2 1,000,000
„ emigrants to other, places 090,000
• —— 2,620,000
Total inhabitants of Britain, anno 1780 * 9,012,533
I do not pretend to fay that in the above calculation either the
numbers or the proportions are precisely exafl. They are acknow
ledged to be taken by conjecture as near the truth as could be guessed.
at to serve as a clue to direct in forming a judgment on this head ;
nor could a final! variation on feme particular circumstances affect
the general conclusions deducible from these data. It may make the
excess be a little more or less; but the mode of progreftion will be
the fame. The population of any state must undoubtedly be retard
ed in confequencc of emigrations from thence; and the numbers of
her people be diminished in proportion to the musher that shall be
wanted in her defence. If her territories lie compact and arc defend
ed by natural barriers that make the attacks of her enemies extreme
ly difficult, the waste of people in her defence will be out of all pro
portion smaller than if her territories are of immense extent, thinly
inhabited and exposed to danger in a variety of quarters, so far dis
tant from each other as not to admit of timely assistance from one to
another in case of danger.
- By the foregoing estimate, it feenis that the loss to Britain arising
from all these causes, does not yet quite equal the natural increase by
procreation, and that there is reason to think the population of Bri
tain is ftlll in a progressive ftate,' though that progression is much
flower than it would have been, but for the many emigrations that
have taken place to our colonies. It is plain, however,' that should
the emigrations be permitted to go on encreafing a little longer, they
would soon exceed the natural increase, after which period, should the
fame causes continue to operate, our population would not only be
retarded, it would flop, and soon after proceed to deercafe almost in
2 geometrical progression, which would qpickly bring us into a con
dition nearly similar to that of Spain. But it is to be hoped the good
sense of the nation will ward off this threatened calamity.
; Should the inquisitive reader be defirons of pushing his enquiries a
little farther, and drawing a parallel between what Britain now is,
and what file probably would have been, he has before him the ma
terials for fatisfying himfelf on these heads. Were I not afraid of
tiring my readers with long and disgusting calculations, I ffiould have
proceeded to state this one as fully as the others. For these reasons,
I shall only here observe, that if he were to take the trouble of run
ning over the last account, with no other alteration than barely to
omit the article of emigrations to America, and to make a dedu&i< n
of one third on the article defence, he would find that the number ct
inhabitants in Britain should at this time have amounted t 4 better than
fourteen millions and a half. If so, it is evident that Britain by peo
pling her American colonies, has loft about five millions and a half of
inhabitants, while her colonies have gained only two millions and a
half. This is a miserable waste of the human fyecies, but which byl
being gradual andfiow, hasefcaped the notice of ordinary, obfervexs. ;
LITERARY,A RTIC L E.
Tfhe were further to enquire what effect this change bai produced
in regard to the trade and indußry of Britain, the account would
Hand thus:
The whole exports to America on an average of ten years preceding
1770, according to Sir Charles Whitworth's tables, (omitting Iradlions)
amounted to the value of £. 2,300,000. On the other hand, the
annual consumption of five millions and a half of people at home, at
the rate of ten pounds a head, would have been £• 55,000,000. So
that without making any allowance for the surplus of produce and
manufactures, that would naturally have been exported to other
countries, if Britain had possessed this numerous population, it ap
pears that her industry fuffers a diminution to the annual value of up
wards of fifty-two millions sterling, alter allowing the American
commerce to be rated at much more than the utmost value it ever was
known to attain.
By the fame made of rcafoning it will appear that if these colonics
should be allowed to continue to encreafe after the fame manner as
formerly, and if, in consequence thereof, our exports thither should
encreafe in the fame proportion, yet this encreafing value of the A
merican trade, instead of indicating an encreafing consumption of
British produce and manufactures, and by confcqucnce affording an
additional flinwins to our national industry, would indicate direCHy
the reverse, because our home consumption would decline as it cn
creafcd nearly in the proportion of twenty to one.
From these considerations I am compelled to draw this general
conclusion: That our American colonies, instead of augmenting the
trade and inftry of Britain, have tended greatly to diminish them
both.
Nor can this general concluGOn be invalidated by any trifling error
in the particulars of the foregoing account; for I must here again re
peat it, that a little more or less in a case of this kind is of no mo
ment, if the general principles are truly explained. If, inftcad of
fifty millions it could be made appear, that the loss should have been
slated at twenty, at ten, at five, the general conclufton must Hill re
main the fame. I myfelf believe that the case is neatly as it is here
represented; but if another should find reason to think that the result
should be either a little higher or a little lower, than I have made it,
we have no occasion to differ on that account. My aim is not here to
fettle with ga& precision the amount of the balance, but to shew
clearly towards which fide it turns.
Nop should we be so far dazzled with the present brilliancy in the
appearance of our commerce, as to think there can be nothing real in
these suggestions. Nothing is more common than for nations as well
as individuals to make a greater brilliancy of appearance for a time,
in confeqndnce of a deranged economy titan they could have done
without it. That man, who amidst the giddy whirl of dissipation
takes no time to examine into the state of his affairs, but meets with
a complaisant banker who readily advances money upon mortgage
whenever it is demanded, lives with much greater case and fplondor
than he otherwise could have done. He perceives not that the sources
of his wealth arc daily diminishing with an excrcafing rapidity, nor
thinks that in a short time he will be involved in the mod pitiable
distress. In like manner Portugal .for a time carried on the molt bril
liant commerce, by means of her numerous settlements in almost
every corner of the globe, She did not in due time perceive the
consequence of such extended views. At last, however flic severely
felt, that the waste of people necessary for continuing these vast en
terprises, thinned her native country of its heft inhabitants, and redu
ced her to that exhausted state in which we now behold her. Spain,
also, adopted a mode of colonization nearly similar to out own, and
intoxicated with the benefits she thought she derived from it, enqui
red not into the real tendency of such meafurcs till it was too late.
Before she even fufpe&ed she was in a declining state, her declension
had advanced so far that it was no longer poffihle tor her to recover
herfclf. What law in nature is there that tends to guard Britain from
a similar fate if she shall pursue a similar conduct? And what argil-,
nwnt can be adduced to shew that she is not now in a similar state of
precarious glory? The population of Britain, there is reason to think,
has hitherto continued to advance a little. In consequence of this
and other concurring causes, many of her manufactures have yet been
able to keep their ground. Her vigour is yet great, but foe Hands
upon the top of the wheel. Should it take a little turn. Should the
time arrive that her population begins to decline, the ruin of her ma
—P^fadhjres-ratift Quickly follow, in which event no human power
has ever been experienced by any other European state. Let us hot
then neglect the pref nt favourable moment ulrich affords us such a
happy opportunity of repairing past errors, and of giving (lability to
* e firength and indufiry as well as to the constitution of the flats.
I he genius of Britain calls out,
Tims now is: may the period never arrive when she shall pro
nounce these awful words, and time shall be no More*.
* This alludes to a popular alchemical tradition. After the pro
cess had been watched for many years, the tradition goes, that when
It arrived at the exalt point of perfection, a voice was heard to fay
time is, which being not attended to, was heard again to fay time
was, and in a little while it pronounced aloud in the most awful
tone, and time shall be no more. The last awakened the dif
confokte operator; who, overcome with watching, had fallen into
a sleep too profound to be awakened by the two former more
gentle calls.
* ^~-+^CTnfafr feab.pctT —.L
JOHN MO RR I S,
: HAS FOR SALE,
On the lowest Terms for Cash,
A/r" 3 "''' '" tierces, barrels and half barrels,
Mess Pork in barrels,
BeftEnglish Hams,
Fine green Coffee in bags and barrels,
Turpentine and White Soap,
Port and Sherry Wine in pipes, of quality equal
to any,'
Mufeovado Sugar in hogfl eads and barrels.
Orange Juice and Coniac Brandy in calks.
CLarLfoura, June 2 ,tb, 1782.
-J OHN f-FTs D A L E,
No. 54, Bay,
H^jjiy? imported in the Jennv, Cafl. Wade, and Ann, Cabt.
Gt 1.1., from LIVERPOOL,
The following ARTICLES,
Which will be fold on the most 'reafonable terms for Cash, Bills of
Exchange, or Produce, viz.
SUPERFINE Flour in barrels,
New Mess Beef in barrels and half barrels,
Ditto Pork in do.
New Rose Butter in full bound firkins,
Cheese in calks and hampers,
Hams in calks and hogsheads,
Soa p and Candles in boxes,
Raifns in calks,
Almonds in do.
Split Peafe in do.
With a variety of other Goods.
To be Let and Entered upon immediately,
'HAT elegant and commodious HOUSE, No. 69, Meet
ing-ftrect. For particulars enquire of the Printers.
Eight Dollars Reward.
LOST by the Subscriber, a Gentleman's Gold Ring, with.
J flat Hair-Work, reprefenting'two Hearts on a Pedestal, with
two Birds underneath.—The above Reward will be paid on Delivery
JAMES ASKEW; N,. 8%, Broad Erect.
IFHO HAS FOR SAL E,
GARDEN SEEDS, warranted,
Raddifh, Lettuce, Cucumber, Cabtage, Shvoy, Mustard,
and Creffe®.
^1 For LONDON,
HAPPY RETURN, #
William Gickie, Master,
Burthen about 300 tons, is a fine ship, fails remarkably faft, and
will in two months proceed with or without convoy. For freight or
passage apply to ff W. SMITH, No. 33, Bay,.,
1) UN away from the fubferiber the 23d of May last, a ne*
g ro boy named I'OM, about seventeen years of age, is very
artful, and having a pass signed by Col. Robert Ballingall no doubt
will attempt to hire himfelf out. This is to forewarn all' persons
whatever from hiring or harbouring the said boy; aed all masters
of vessels from carrying him off.the province. A reward of ONE
GUINEA will l>e paid to any person delivering him to the keeper
of the Sugar-House, or to William Burt, at No. 1, South-Bay.
Cb^rlefown, 15tb, 1,82.
LOST on Frida, the lift infant,
A final! Red HAIR TRUNK,
The property of an officer, fiippofed to be left by mistake in
* canoe near Roper's wharf; there were several letters, and a number
of papers in it which can be of no consequence to any person but, tie
owner. Whoever has found it, by delivering it at either of the
Printers, shall receive FIVE GUINEAS reward, and no qseftions
alked. >
TO BE LET,
FOUR good ROOMS, No. 89, Church-street, ready fur
niihed; also, a Back Store at the said house, in the yard, and
two good Cellars. Please to enquire at the London Coffee-houfe,
Where there will be an ORDINARY opened; each Gentleman to
pay One Dollar for his dinner, which will be on table at 3 o'clock-
TO BE SOLD,
The Brigantines I- rierfhip, &77 ue-Brifor,
A N D,
The Shooners Polly, Balfour, Betsey, Abigail,
Good-Intent, Refugee, & Earl of Lincoln ;
All lately employed and some of them now in the service of Go
vernment: For price and particulars apply to Capt. Harwoo'd, No.
50,. King-street.
J A MRS ASKEW, Jeweller, &o.
Tabes this Method to acquaint bis Friends, and the Pubtick
in general,
THAT for the more conveniently carrying on his Bufinufs,
I he has removed from No. 30, on the Bay, to No. 82, Bread-
Street, near the Beef-Market.
He has received „ the last Feffels from London,
An Assortment of Gold, Silver, Jewellery, and plated
Alleles, Watcher, &c.
L N ° B : ''"^DEVICE, that Fancy can suggest, executed in
Che , left modern Art of raised Hair-Work, with Difetch,
tmporled'm Coe !a, Veffek from Britain,
And to be fold at the lowest prices,
By CHARLES MORGAN,
Bookbinder & Stationer,
At No. 109, Broad-Street,
WRITING Paper of all forts, from Imperral to Pott
warranted of the firft quality; a large assortment of accoun c
Books, Mufick Books, Ruled Mufick, Milliner's Pasteboard, Pock
et Books of all kinds, Port Folio's, best Dutch Quills and ready
made Pens, Crow Pens and Quills, and almost every other ufeftil
article in the stationary business.
ALS O,
A COLLECTION of BOOKS, confining of hiftorie%
voyages, travels, lives, memoirs, novels, plays, &c. intended for
A CIRCULATING LIBRARY.
Ladies and Gentlemen who are willing to encourage so ufeful an
undertaking will be pleased to give in their names. Great care wil
be taken to add to it every new publication.
N. B. A Catalogue with regulations will be ready by the end
of next week.
COLLINS & HAYES,
No. 12, Broad-Street,
Have imported in the lafl Jbips from LONDON,
The following A RTICL E S,
H'bicL the? are felling on the most reasonable terms;
RED Port, Madeira, Lifnon and Malmfey wines in pipe#,
hogsheads and quarter-calls
Lisbon Wine and London Porter in bottles
Soap, Starch and Hair-Powder
Long and short Tobacco Pipes
Paints, Oil, Roll Brimstone
I.amp and Ivory Black and Blacking Balls
Military Shirts, ruffled and plain
Ditto worked, yarn and thread Hose, and
A general assortment of DRY GOODS.
N B. A number of strong iron-bound CASKS. fl
GEORGE THOMSON,'
At his Stor e on Green-wood's Wharf, near the Lower-Market,
Has on Sale, very reasonable,
RUM, Brandy, Wine and Geneva
Queen's Ware Plates and Diffies
Tureens and all forts of Crockery neatly aborted
Mess Beef and Pork in barrels
Exceeding good Lewis's Philadelphia Flour
Bell Pearl Barley of Scotland
Venison Tongues
Negro Cloth, Ofnabiirgs, Sugar, Tea, &c.
A L S 0,
A large assortment of TIN and GLASS WARE.
N. B. Storage for goods.|
HAMILTON STEVENSON, having returned to this
place, and intending to remain fon\e time in it, begs leave to
acquaint the publick, that during his day, he will follow his business
of Fainting in Miniature, and executing designs in hair-Such
Ladies and Gentlemen as may wiffi to employ him, will be pleased
to enquire at Mrs. Dawson's, No. 9%, Meeting-street.
To Run it in B ALLAST-TRIM
To B RIST O L,
And to touch at C OR K,
To fail in a fc<w Days,
°That faft failing LUGGER
The A DVENTUR E,
—- JXTHTCTYrtLART Y Maftez.
Is well armed and manned, and will have good accomoda^
tioirs for paflengers. For freight or passage, apply to said Mafi
ter on board the veffell ying at Burn's Wharf, or to
EDWARD CORBET,
No. 97, Broad-street.