United States oracle and Portsmouth advertiser — Portsmouth, N.H., 1803-08-13 00:00:00, page 1

11l the business of hay-making, the quantity
of leaves upon a plant is a great desideratum,
and it is well known, that as the feed forms,
and advances to maturity, the leaves decay and
fall off, the lowell pair turning yellow, falls
firft, and the others in fwift succession, till only
one pair reuiams on the Hem of a ripe plant,
then the stem also becometh faplcfs. Such hay
yiels little nourishment, and is of little value.
Hence it appears, the proper time for cutting
hay,is,when the bottom pair of leaves, through
out a field, are turning yellow.
The chyle, blood, and fleffi of herbiverious
animals, as also chvir growth, depend on the fine
juices, and frtp of the herbage; which, in truth,
give weight, colour and favour to the hay,thofe
qualities are cffcntiafto good hay, which ihould
therefore be cured, and preserved if possible as
green as when growing.
On examination, it will be found, that fun
and wind are the principal agents in diminish
ing the weight, and injuring the colour and fa
vour of ha), by exhaling and carrying off the
sap and fine juices, whereby the hay is render
ed hourly of lei, value; yet many Farmers do
not cut their grass, till half the leaves are fallen,
will go on mowing 2,3, or 4 days, nor offer
to turn their grass until it be perfectly bleached
on the upper fide ; and when turned, allow as
much time to bleach the other fide; and if in
the mean time, h^avy dews or rains fall, it must
be turned, and bleached again and again, till
quite spoiled, and the fame labour repeated, if
a little rain (hall have fallen on hay in cock
Surely, if an enemy muff knowing, and in
veterate, had been employed to get in the hay,
he could not have contrived to injure it more,
could not more expose it te the chance of rain,
or get it home in worse condition.
As much of our hay will be yearly exposed
to heavy dews, and ihowers, is there any meth
od of saving our hay in the rain ?—To this,
unbelief will be apt to answer in the negative !
But the evidence of fads ceferve to be credited,
till experiments (hall have removed every sha
dow of doubt! Take them in order as they
happened.
ift Fad. In the year 1763. Rain of long
continuance set in before the hay was secured,
the after graft was actually rotten, and slippery,
every fork full of hay, contained more or less
water, a large stack heated to excess before it
was railed fix feet, this obliged the owner to
ere6l a ftaddle about two feet high, to place a
boghead thereon, and to pitch the hay, from
the former flack around the hogshead, which
was raised by rope cars, as the Hack rose, when
:at the eves, the hogshead was taken out, flicks
laid across, and a falid top made with the wet
ted hay over all: the stack was very high, and
27 feet in diameter, viz. the hogshead three feet,
and the hay laid out twelve feet on each fide,
thus no part of the hay was more than fix feet
from the air : The owner having no faith in his
own doings, would have fold the whole stack
for one dollar per ton—yet better, finer English
hay was never seen.
ad fa&, was a flack of English hay built by
farmer King at Windsor, it was railed about 12
feet, the top hollowed into a bafon, heavy rain
approaching, the Farmer wf rallied on his fine
baton, soon to be filled atth water. He au
fwered that the ha,.was fob dry and would not
be the worse for a little gam ! ft was re-urged
that the rain would bte'hlavy, and his stack
would be wet to the bottom. He rejoined+ifiti,'
7y, when the heat commences, will it not expel
the water ? Nine or ten hours heavy rain suc
ceeded, the flack was soon after topped up,
smoked much, cooled off, and the hay was not
injured.
3d fad, was Sedge, cut and cocked in Wind
sor, just about spring tides, the water nearly
covered the cocks, the owners came to the
marfo, believed all loft. One of them having
beard of the firft fad, proposed to try the famel
method with the sedge; a Riddle was railed, ;
a bundle prepared inflead of the hogshead to
form the centre hole, sixteen bads were imme
diately pitched on to the ftaddle, the water ran
down upo3 the head of him who pitched the
bay. The man who laid the Hack was wetted |
to toe *io, when at the eves, the bundle was
IN a country abounding with grass, where the
seasons are critical, help scarce and the hopes
of the year depend much on faring the hay in
good order ; the inhabitants should fyare no
pains, or cost, to afeertain the surest, and belt
mode of preferring their hay.
They ougst not to rejeeft the trial of such ex
periments, as offer any chance, any probability
es success, refpefting a fubj^tl so very impor
tant.
The failure of grass, in such a country as this,
may be considered as a difpeDfatiou of Divine
Providence for exercising the chriftian virtues:
but when the grass has been most abundant,
Scarcity of hay becometh a direct charge against
the inhabitants, for lack of knowledge, of in
d'uftry, or of enterprise.
The last season was remarkable for the abun
dance of grass, and as remarkable for the great
quantity of hay, every where spoiled and ru
ined! insomuch, that many beasts {offered in
the winter, and few, comparatively speaking,
were fit (on the return of spring) for the mar
ket, the plough, or the dairy.
The loss might juflly be imputed to a wet
hay season; but, whether that ought to be any
longer an excuse, becometh now an icterefting
fubjed of enquiry, to be determined by experi
ment, if the people of Nova Scotia have spirit
to make the trial.
The enquiry should extend to the properest
time of cutting the grass, the qualities most
cffential to good hay, and the experiments to the
surest means of making it good; the trials to
he made on a small scale, so as to afeertain the
manner, without the lots of the Jubj.a, or the
labour bellowed thereon.
AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR.
Bitted States
Portsmouth
PORTSMOUTH, N. H. Printed and Publilhed every
^ XIII.] SATURDAY, AUGUST i 3, 1803.
Os ALL THE DISPOSITIONS AND HABITS WHICH LEAD TO POLITICAL)
prosperity, RELIGION & MORALITY are indispensable!
SUPPORTS WASHINGTON'S Legacy.)
%HB POSSIBILITr of MAKING GOOD
HAT IN RAINY LEATHER.
From the Nova-Scotia Gazette.
Bur if the flack be made solid, or laid out
exceeding twelve feet on each fide the hole:
such heated air, unable to escape, will difcolour,
perhaps fire the hay.
When hay has been wet by rain, inflead of
spreading it to dry, it is much better to trull to
the hollow stack upon the fladdle, which will
cure it so as to preserve its sap, weight, colour
and smell
The trial may be made in a final! way with
4, f or 6 tons of hay, by intelligent persons im
preTed with the importance of such a fubje& ;
or by agricultural societies, to whom this mode
is flrongly recommended, as eminently pertain
ing to their province. ~.
N.B. The fads here slated, can be proved by
credible persons on oath.
Windsor, 15th June, 18oj.
j^^^@tmmmracttq_mctt==
From the (N. Y) Daily Advertiser.
B LOUISIANA
Y the proclamation of the govern
or of Louisiana and Weft Florida, and
the marquis of Cafa Calvo, it appears,
that the establishment from Mauchac
or Iberville river (which separates the
illand of New-Orleans from the conti
nent) as far as the line of division (lat.
31) between the American territory and
the dominions of the king of Spain, re
mains fubjeCt to his catholic majesty,
and is annexed to Well Florida. This
strip of country which intervenes be
tween the United States and the newly
acquired territory of Louisiana, is un
doubtedly the object of Mr. Munroe's
mission to the court of Madrid. The
following extra's from the various
treaties between France, Spain, En
gland and the United States refpeCting
these countries, may, at this juncture,
nut prove uninteresting to the reader.
By the treaty of Paris in 1763 France
ceded to G. Britain, Canada, Cape Bre
ton, &c. and that part of its American
possessions on the Mississippi lying on the
east fide, from its source to the Iber
ville, and bounded southerly by a line
drawn through the middle of fail river,
the lakes Maurepas and Pontchartrain,
to the sea ; with the river and port of
Mobile reserving to herfelf the island of
New Orleans, which, together with the
province of Louisiana, lying on the weft
fide of the river, France Shortly after
wards ceded to the king of Spain. By
the said treaty of 1763 Spain ceded to
Great Britain, Florida, with Fort St.
Augustine, and the Bay of Pensacola,
as well as all that She possessed on the
continent of North America, to the east
or fourhead of the river Miffifippi.
Great Britain, by the definitive treaty
of peace of 1783, with the U. States,
conveyed to the latter, among others,
that portion of its former American
possessions contained within a linedrawn
along the middle of the Miffifippi from
its source till it interfeds the norihern
moft part of the 31st degree of north
latitude, southerly by a line running
due east from the aforefaid point along
said 31st degree north of the equator,
to the middle of the river Apalachico
la or Catahouche, thence along the
middle thereof to its junction with the
Flint river, thence Straight to St. Ma
ry's river, and thence down along the
middle of St. Mary's river, to the At
lantic Ocean ; forming the present wef
tern and southern boundaries of the
United States. By the treaty of Ver-
taken out, flicks laid over the hole, and a top
made foli 1 over all, the company difperfed,firm
ly persuaded that the hay, being sedge, mull in
fallibly rot. Yet that hay proved the bell of
its kind in the neighbourhood.
After these three fads, let no man despair.
For should he be necessitated to cut, to rake,
cart and flack his hay in the rain, it may, by
this mode, be saved, and prove real good hay.
Whereas bay once wet, can never be well
saved by fun and wind : because the foeft juic
es being volatile, will be exhaled and gone, be
fore the rain-water can be expelled ; and the
Hay will be discoloured, sapless and inodorous !
Such fodder must be as unwhoifome for cattle,
as mouldy bread for man.
In making hay, there are two things which
merit the Farmer's particular attention, namely
To cut the grass when the leaves are mod abun
dant, thereby to obtain the greatetl quantity of
herbage ! Also to preserve all the sap and fine
juices of the grass! By such means the Farmer
may obtain more leaves from the fame acre, and
those leaves nearly double the weight of the
fame leaves, cured as well as possible, by fun
and wind ; and with all obtained at less expence.
Hay so preserved, will be infinitely better,
and will fl th the fatting bullock better than
common hay with oats, or potatoes.
The Agent in all this bufintfs is beat, which
rarifying the internal air of the grass, caufeth
the fame to expand, and force its way (if not
exceeding the didance of fix feet) to the hole
in the centre, and to the outside of the flack.
Such heated air like a fleam-engine carries out
with it the hpcrabundant sap or moifture/ome
times found in puddles, under flacks of very
green or wet hay cured by this mode in other
Countries.
£)tffillW ^fi
Capt. Haley in i 6 days from Mont
serrat, informs us, that a British pack
et had arrived there from Barbadoes
just as he failed ; by her information
was received, that an Englilh squad
ron had gone from that port with an
intention of taking Demerara.
New-York, August 3.
A gentleman who arrived here lad
night in the fell. Fair Play, from Guad
aloupe, informs, that just before he
failed, an English privateer schooner of
2 guns and 25 men, was sent in there
by a French privateer schooner of 12
guns and 20 men. Previous to the
capture, a severe engagement took
place between these two vessels, in
which the Britifb had 14 meh wounded,
including the captain, who died of his
wounds the next day. The French
captain was killed the firft Ihot, and
three men were wounded.
failles in 1783, between Great Britain
and Spain, the former ceded and guar
anteed to his catholic majeriy Eart and
Weft Florida. After the peace of 1783,
as the weftern wilderness became fettled,
and population and agriculture increa
sed, disputes arose between the United
States and Spo, concerning the right
of navigating the waters of the Miffifip
pi, and the boundary line between Weft
Florida and our southern territory.
These differences, which excited consid
erable agitation at the time, were at
length amicably fettled by the treaty of
San Lorenzo el Real, in 1795, whereby /
the boundary line between the Spanish !
colonies and the United States was con-j
firmed agreeably to the definitive treaty|
of 1783, and the free navigation of the ;
Miffifippi, in its whole breadth, from its 1
source to the ocean, was secured to our
citizens, together with a right todepofit
and export their merchandizes and ef
feds in the port of New. Orleans, for the
space of three years from the date of the
treaty, with a promise, either to con
tinue this permission, if not found pre
judicial to the interests of Spain, or the
alignment of an equivalent etlablilh
ment on another part of the banks of
the Miffifippi. The interruption of the
right to deposit, with the difeontents
that followed, are events too recent to
need recapitulation. Louisiana, as ced
ed by France to Spain, and receded by
the latter to the former, and transferred
by the late treaty to the United States, !
extends from the Miffifippi along the'
Gulph of Mexico to the Rio Bravo or/
Rio del Nord, in north lat, 26, 12, be-I
ing about mid-distance between New-j
Orleans and Vera Cruz. This is ave- |
ry considerable river, extending far inro|
the interior, on which Sante Fe is fit-1
uate nearly in the parallel of the junc-!
tion of the Ohio and Miffifippi. The'
country between the Rio Brava and the
Miffifippi has been but little explored,
the Spaniards being very jealous of ad- 1
mitting any intercourse, by land, with'
their colonies. It is represented as fer
tile, temperate, and abounding in wild
horses and horned cattle. The whole
of this lower country must be exceed
ingly favourable to the cultivation of
the sugar cape. As this river runs a
south-easterly course, the province of
Louisiana enlarges in breadth as it ad
vances northward. The boundaries
towards the Pacific and north pole, un
less circumferibed by the late treaties of
cession, are indefinite. The extent of 1
territory westward of the Miffifippi, is;
probably commensurate with the orig-।
inal United States.
BY MAIL '
PHILADELPHIA, AUGUST X.
MAMMOTH.
Dr. Wct Goforth has discovered in
the neighbourhood of Cincinnati,in the
Rate of Ohio, the bones of an animal
which appears to have been of a very
extraordinary size. Its teeth weigh
from four to twenty pounds,— One of
its thigh bones weighs thirty one pounds.
Connected with these teeth and thigh
bone, he has discovered the upper part
of the head, and the lower jaw, togeth
er with all its vertibree, the weight and
dimensions of which are not mentioned.
He has difeovered three horns—one
weighing about an hundred pounds;
and twenty-one inches in circumfer
ence—another, five feet in length,
weighing twenty-one pounds, and the
third about 7 feet in length. The
DoCtor experts to obtain such a num
ber of these bones related to each other,
as to form a complete Skeleton.
hands ol the English, Ooe of the number,
of great value, had/been captured in the
Channel and sent inti Pi, mouth, er Portf
month, which produced the gn atelt con
vernation among the merchants, gener
ally, and occasioned several [considerable
failures. Such was the effect of the Brit
ish cruizers being off the Texel that fed
eral, fllips loaded for Batavia, and ready
for sea, had relanded their cargoes, and
proceeded to Amflerdam to be laid up.—
Business, in all the sea-pert towns pf Hol
land, was at a Hand. The Dutch, or
rather, the fetich troops had marched
into Amflerdam, and mounted theicarinon
on the fortifications at the mouth of the
Texei, and other places of defence on the
^oall—Eight thousand French troops were
expefted.ro be encamped on the Downs of
Calanoqpe—and 8000 near Cagdon.
The French troops were moving in every
direction, and with the greater celerity.
Weiurther learn by the Betsey, from
Amflerdam, that the Batavian govern
ment had offered the First Consul of
France 8 000 000, to fuffer them to re
main neutral—that a number of French
troops bad already entered the city and
that an additional force was hourly ex
petted. 0- —-
Federal Republicanism has more friends
in the Rate of Ohio, than the public
were lead to suppose by the paragraphs
in democratic papers. A flat ment of the
votes in fevepcounties for a member ot
Congress, furnishes reason to believe that
the federal candidate William M'Mllari,
Esq will haVafone third of the votes of
the State. A Mr. Jeremiah Morrow,
will probably be elected.
0
The accounts of the Indians on the
Natchez road are truly alarming. No
company can come through without be
ing inflated and abused ; find not more
than two or three, are aimed fore to be
killed and robbed. A rupture with them
is Opposed certain.
The Vice-President of the United
States continued but a few days at
Providence ; from whence he returned
to New-York.
Governor Trumbull, of Connecti
cut, has notified the refignition of
JOHN BERNARD GILPIN, as his
Britannic Majeft,s Vice-Conful' for
the States of Connecticut and Rhode-
Island.
From Cape-Francois.
By the flcop Olive. Branch, Capt.
Haley, in 12 days from the Ca, , we
learn that four British 74's and two
frigates continued off that port, but
they did not molest rhe Americans in
going in or c)ming out. The day be
fore the Olive Branch failed, a large
body of brigands were in motion in
fight of the town, marching, as was
said, against Fort Dauphin. It was
reported at the Cape, that a division
had taken place among the blacks on
the plains, there being one party in fa
vour of the French and another in op
pofilion, and that a Severe battle fyd
been fought between item in conse
quence. Markets for Americ an pro
duce had experienced a considerable de
pression, owing to the arrival of a great
number of cargoes
"On Friday lad, was the most awful
,storm of hail and rain that we ever wit
nessed. It began about 3 o'clock, P.
M. and continued as though the win
dows of heaven we>eopened for two
hours or mere. Our crops are walked
from our fields into the rallies. Some
gardens are under ground, others de
ttroyed with hail stone, ; some of which
measured 4 I=2 inches in circumfer
ence. The rain rell in such quantities
as to fill an empty vessel of perpendicu
lar sides with 12 or 14 inches of water,
and an iron kettle, the mouth 18 inches
in diameter, holding four pails full,
was filled in the open air, and seen to
run over before the severity of the (bow
er fubfided r We, are told, there is not
a m ; ll dam unbroken bet ween this and
Kinderhook. Lhe damage to fa fr mers
is great. Five hundred dollars would
not make good the loss of some indivi
duals." —o— 5
„BOSTON, AUG. 8.
From fmferuam.
Capt. Miller, in the ship Bedey, arrived
at New-York from AmiUrdam, inform ,
that the recommencement of hostilities in
Europe, would, in the opinion of the
Dutch, be the ruin of Holland — that the
molt valuable part of the Dutch .merchant#
men were at sea bound hottie from their
EalTlndia possessions, and there,was no
doubt but they would all tali into the
Albany, August 2.
A REMARKABLE B FOR 1.
Extras of a letter from a gentleman in
Canaan, (Columbia County,) to the
Editors.:
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, FIFTEENTH YEAR.
©caile, anti
Advertiser.
Saturday Morning, by \\ill m & Dan'l. Treadwell,,
PrICEONE DOLLAR AND FIFTY CENTS ^R ANN. [Nc. 45.
- -— , —1 - , _ fe
(^ADVERTISEMENTS reasonably and conspicuously inserted Commu-
J nications duly attended to—and every Favor thankfully aCxnpwL
fEDGED.
LATE FOREIGN NEWS,
From Paris Papers.
Freni @ official account of the sur
render of Hanover.
PARIS, JONt rt.
General Mor-tier,to the Mimfcrof war^
Head-quarters, Niewborg, 15 Prairial June 4,
[ HoD the honor.kO give you an ac-
A count, in mv letter cf the Bth Prifr
rial of the march of the French Arm,
towards the Hanoverian territory.
After very fatiguing marches acrofe
arid lands and boggy heaths I took up
my position on the nth fiont of
Wech e. I learned from good infor
mation that the enemy guarded the
line of la Hunte. Gen. Hammerstein,
commanding the advanced guard of
the army of the king of England,occupi
ed Diepholz, with the 2d and 6th reg
iments of infantry, two regiments of
cavalry and one division of infantry.
I made preparations to dislodge him
on the following morning. The 2d
division commanded by Gen Schiner',
that of cavalry under the orders of
Gen, Nanfouty, received orders to
march against GoldenOedt, to force the
passage of la Hunte, and to push for
ward to Sublingen, in order to cut off
all communication between that place
and Diepholz, which the division of
Gen, Montrichard had orders to attack
by main force. The enemy perceiving
that by this movement theirright wing
was turned, retreated during rhe night
to Borden
On the 12th, the advanced guard,
commanded by Gen. Dronet, had a
smart skirmish, in front of Biuver,with
the rear guard of the enemy.
On the 13th, the main body of the
army afiembled in front of Sublingen;
the advanced guard directed its march
towards Borften ; here it met the ene
my, and in spite of their foperior num
bers, and its own extreme fatigue, hav
ing that day marched not lef 3 than iz
leagues, Gen. Dronet, gave orders to
attack. The enemy kept up a very hot
cannonade. Some Squadrons of the
2d regiment of hussars, charged the
light dragoons cf the 9th regiment with
great courage. They broke the line of
this body, put them to Hight and made
many prifone'rs.
Having been informed by my spies,
that the head of the bridge of Niew
bourg had been repaired, and that the
enemy had united all their artillery up
on the right bank of the Wefer, I felt
how necessary it was for me to hasten
my motions. For this purpose I gave
orders for the artillery of reserve to
move forward with all haste, and made
the necessary preparations to drive and
throw into the Wefer every thing be
fore me, to force the bead of the bridge
of Niewbourg or to pass the ferry at
Stolzpaw, and by that means to inter
cept the communication with the cap
ital.
. The troops were ahead, on their
march, when the civil and military dep
uties presented themlelves before m,
advanced pods ; they entreated me to
suspend my march, announcing to me
that, they had very advantageous pro
posals to make.
I answered in the negative ; they re
turned to make me frefh proposals ; I
lignified to them, that I expe&ed none,
unless I had the certainty of immedi
ately occupying the country of Hano
ver, and particularly all the strong
places within its dependencies. After
a pretty long difeuffion, they signed a
convention ; which 1 accepted under
the condition that it would be accepted
by the refpe&ive governments. You
will fee by it that the army of the king
of England are prisoners of war ; that
I am matter of all this country, and
particularly of the mouths of the Elbe
and the Wefer. I have given orders
to seize all the Dipping in these rivers.
1 he Duke of Cambridge, the King of
England's son and Governor of Hano
ver, judged proper to lefign his com-
Trillion before the battle and to make
his retreat in poll. He bad, however,
promised to die with the levy en mafe;
it is probable he may have embarked
before we arrive at thiimouth of the
Elbe.
At Niewbourg we found fourteen
thousand stand of arms quite new, and
a large quantity of artillery. Accord-/
ing to the accounts delivered to me, I
presume that, in the magazines and for,
tified places of Hanover, I ftail find e
bout a hundred thousand stand ofarfa