The Pennsylvania packet, and daily advertiser — Philadelphia, Pa., 1787-09-19 00:00:00, page 1

We the People of the United States, in order to form
a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic
Tranquility, provide for the common Defence, pro
mote the General Welfare, and secure the Blessings of
Liberty to Ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this
Constitution for the United States of America.
[Price Four-Pence.]
ARTICLE I.
Sect. 1. ALL legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United
States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
Sect. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year
by the people of the several states, and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requi
site for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislature.
No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and
been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant
of that state in which he shall be chosen.
Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states which may be in
cluded within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by add
ing to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years,
and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall
be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within
every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of
representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each state shall have at least one
representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the state of New-Hampshire shall be en
titled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut
five, New-York six, New-Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia
ten, North-Carolina five, South-Carolina five, and Georgia three.
When vacancies happen in the representation from any state, the Executive authority thereof
shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.
The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other officers; and shall have the
sole power of impeachment.
Sect. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two senators from each state, cho
sen by the legislature thereof, for six years; and each senator shall have one vote.
Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divi
ded as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the senators of the first class shall be vaca
ted at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and
of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen every second
year; and if vacancies happen by resignation, or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of
any state, the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the
Legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies.
No person shall be a senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine
years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state
for which he shall be chosen.
The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the senate, but shall have no vote
unless they be equally divided.
The Senate shall chuse their other officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of
the Vice-President; or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States.
The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose
they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief
Justice shall preside: And no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of
the members present.
Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and dis
qualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit under the United States; but the
party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punish
ment, according to law.
Sect. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives, shall
be prescribed in each state by the legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make
or alter such regulations, except as to the places of chusing Senators.
The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Mon
day in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.
Sect. 5. Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own mem
bers, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may
adjourn from day to day, and may be authorised to compel the attendance of absent members, in
such manner; and under such penalties as each house may provide.
Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly beha
viour, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member.
Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, ex
cepting such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members
of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the
journal.
Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn
for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting.
Sect. 6. The senators and representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be
ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, ex
cept treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at
the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any
speech or debate in either house, they shall not be questioned in any other place.
No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to
any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emo
luments whereof shall have been encreased during such time; and no person holding any office un
der the United States, shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office.
Sect. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the house of representatives; but the senate
may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills.
Every bill which shall have passed the house of representatives and the senate, shall, before it be
come a law, be presented to the president of the United States; if he approve he shall sign it,
but if not he shall return it, with his objections to that house in which it shall have originated, who
shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such recon
sideration two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the
objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two
thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall
WEDNE SDAY, September 19, 1787.
[No. 2690.]