Dunlap's Pennsylvania packet , The general advertiser — Philadelphia, Pa., 1774-02-07 00:00:00, page 1

Extract from the Hifor, of Inland Navigations.
Continued from our las.
^ff.^ UT not to confine myfelf to
% '—v'V Europe, let it be remembered
<l-?' '^^ thatthe extensive empire of Chi-
X, B )tf na, whose policy in many par-
Z'? ^ ticulars is well worth attending
,to, owes the g rcater part of its
riches and fertility to those nu
merous canals, so ufeful for the transportation of
the produce and merchandize of one province into
another. They are bordered with keys of free
ftonc, and in low, marffiy places, they have raised
very long causeways for the conveniency of tra
vellers. Innumerable canals are also cut through
all their lands, from the manyrivers, lakes, rivu
lets, and torrents with which that country happily
abounds. These canals have bridges over them,
of three, five, or seven arches, to open a free
communication with the country ; the middle arch
is generally very high, that barks may pass under
it with their mails Landing. The principal canals
discharge themselves on the right and left into di
vers other small canals, which are divided again,
into a great many rivulets, which are conduced to
different large towns, and very considerable cities.
But the great canal, called the Royal Canal, which
is three hundred leagues in length, is without
comparison ; which, at intiniteexpence, and with
amazing industry, is carried on through many pro
vinces, upon which all the riches of the south and
north are conveyed, and by its communication with
other canals and rivers, the Chinese can travel or
convey goods, very commodiously, from Pekin,
the capital, to the fartheft part ofthe empire, be
ing about 600 leagues, by water: they commonly
have a fathom and an half of water in this canal,
to facilitate their navigation: when the water is
high, and like to overflow the neighbouring fields,
they take care to open the sluices to convey it
away, and to keep it at a certain height in the
channel: there are infpedors appointed to visit the
canal continually, and workmen to repair the da
maged places.
By inland navigation the greatest benefits arise
To trade and commerce; as it much lessens the
price of carriage, opens a ready communication
from one part of the kingdom to another, as has
before been observed, and from every one of those
parts to the sea; by which the produces and ma
nufactures of the kingdom in general will be af
forded at a moderate price ; as every manufacturer,
who can lay in his raw materials, willhave, there
by, food and fuel cheap, and carry their manu
factured goods to a proper market at a smaller ex
pence, whereby they may fell them at a moderate
rate, and ever have the preference there, where
undue influence, or imposts do not hinder them.
These inland navigations highly benefit the manu
factures where they are established; occasion the
establishment ofmany new ones, in situations where
the land, before, could be of little value and bare
of inhabitants, cheating and enlivening every dif
triCtwhere they have been established, and adding
riches and fertility in every part through which
they are extended. I fay fertility, because it is
well known that every meadow or pasture in the
neighbourhood of refreshing streams, displays a
verdure which is not to be difeoveredin those dry,
withered, and aduft spots which do not lie near
the banks of a river or running waters. The cat
tle and horses in the padures on the banks, are
fatter, more delicious in taste, afford, in greater
quantities, and of a belter quality, that salubrious
tribute which forms the delicious productions of
the dairy; and the horses are fitter for labour, or
to contribute to the sport or pleasure of their pos
sessors. Sheep, indeed, are excepted, who thrive
best in a dry foil. Inland canals, for the purpo
ses of navigation, in great measure supply the fde
ficiency of rivers or streams which nature has de
nied toacountry, andin a remarkable degree serve
fora secondary, though very important purpose :
trees'and plants receive their nutriment, as is in
contestable, from their leaves as well as their roots ;
and the dew ofthe night diffufes on the leaves an
humidity which they imbibe and distribute through
the whole plant, the weight whereof, at such times,
as Dr. Hale has observed, is considerably increased:
This necessary humidity is principally produced
by the rivers or canals in the vicinity; which ex
haling from them in miffs, is transported by the
winds to defeend in refrefhing dews, not only on
such places as are adjacent, but on such likewise
as are at some miles distance; fothat herebyarifes
one great benefit from inland navigations, that
perhaps has not been enlarged upon before.
It is not to be disputed, that these inland na
vigations greatly benefit also the merchants who
reude at the ports where they terminate; for they
are thereby enabled to export greater quantities of
goods from those parts which lie at a distance from
the sea, and to supply a larger tract of country
with their exports from abroad.
The navigations of the Are and Calder, in
Yorkshire, will elucidate the great utility of in
land navigations, in the increase of established ma-
Dufaflures, and in the letting up of new ones.
^^^wo^i^^
O F,
GENERAL
V O L. 111.
M O N D A Y,
And it is well known, that the navigations to Man
chester and the fait works in Chefhite, have con
tributed to the present flourifhing Rate ofthe port
of Liverpool. That inland navigations benefit
greatly the landed gentlemen cannot be denied, as
in many instances their lands have been improved
to tenfold value. Without this artificial commu
nication, corn, timber, iron, coals, stone, &c.
would be of little use to the land owner, which
the cheapness of carriage, now, will enable him
to transport to a profitable market. They occasion
the difeovery of mines and minerals, which would
be else useless to the owners ; they aid the cultivation
of poor, barren, and waste lands; they contribute
to the liability and permanency of the public
roads; as the navigable canals prevent the burden
ing them with vast quantities of heavy goods, which
do them molt injury ; fothat, from this relief they
may become the fineft roads in Europe.
The conftrudion and working upon these in
land navigations, must of course be the cause of
employing vast numbers of our poor ; besides that,
when they pass through corn countries, near col
lieries, &c. the poor labourers are more readily
furniihed with food, and fuel is provided for their
solace, and to carry on the manufactures that
stand in need thereof; and surely when we confi
dcr the various distresses our poor, consequent to
their situation, labour under, too much praise can
not be bellowed upon those benevolent beings,
who, by means of these inland navigations, render
their lives more comfortable and happy.
I remember but one objection to inland navigati
ons, that is not answered in this hiftorv, viz. that
they waste or take up too great a portion of land
in the countries through which they pass: But it
will be a full and cogent answer to this objection
just to observe, that one mile of the Duke of
Bridgwater's navigation takes up only an acre and
half of ground.
To the Printer ^/^Pennsylvania Packet.
By inserting the following inyour next, you mill oblige
a number of your readers.
The heart, that Need's for others woes,
Shall feel each Jelfijh forrom left ;
His bread?, mho bappinefs befloms,
Reflected kappinefsfoall bless.
Armine and Elvira.
NOTHING has exposed man to the ridi
cule of his fallow men, or lessens his cha
racter and ufefulnefs more, than a partial conduct,
which confines itlelf to the narrow circle of felf
love. Hence avarice fonts up the heart of the
miler, and renders that wealth which, properly
imparted, might bless thousands, less beneficial
than whilst it lay buried in the mine; because it
ftupifies the raind of the pofTefTor, which might
otherwise expand in the exercise of industry, even
in quest of the unrefined metal; hence also it is,
that feme of us look no further than our own pro
lit, the eare and plenty of our family, the freedom
and good of our kindred, or, in a larger sense, of
our own fellow fubjeds, colour or nation: The
laftof these pursuits appears large and liberal; yet
there is still a more enlarged and philanthrop love,
which warms the breast, and leads us to confider
mankind as one family, however diftjnguifhed by
name, colour or situation, for we are children of
one common father, who is in Heaven, “ and he
causes his Sun to fine on all ;" he it is that com
mands, “ love thy neighbour as thyfelf, and has
taught us, by the beautiful parable of the good
Samaritan, that he is truly a neighbour, who fhew
eth kindness: 1 his is chriftan love; and on all oc
casions drives, yea seeks occasions to imitate its
divine original, who dispenses benefits to the evil
and the good, yet covets from none; in short, this
• truly relined lovje " breathes peace on earth and
good mill to men," and the more perfect we grow
in it, the better we are enabled to fulfil the golden
precept, “ do to others, as thou motiid they foould do
unto thee." 1 hus our breads glow towards every
creature, and in the just sense of the celebrated
Pope, “ Jelf and social here becomes the fame."
I am led into this train of thought, on viewing
the hard lot of the poor-tawny Africans, whom
we have been so unhappy as to deprive and restrain
of that liberty, which they once enjoyed under the
gift of Providence. Liberty! which we boast as the
excellency of our constitution. I have some where
met with the observation that bodies politic, like
natural bodies, carry about them the feeds of dis
order and death, and therefore have as great need
of medicine and a due regimen to prolong their
existence, and render it easy and happy whilst it
continues. I wish we may in time practice this
physical prudence, , left favery should prove to be
one of those evils, that may convulse the consti
tution, both civil and religious, and endanger its
happiness, if not its total deftruCtion.—Let us not
think that, because the disorder is yet flight, the
number of slaves among us being comparatively
but few, it is not worth much attention, especially
as a manumiflion of those in possession, who may
be fit for it, and an abolition of the trade, would
rob us of a profit, by depriving us of their unpur
chafed labours, which enrich us with the gain of
D U N L A P's
z^/4^
\ MMX
oppression. The more flight a poison is at firft,
if its influence is increasing, the more we ought
to be alarmed, since the deftru&ive effects are more
insinuating and certain, in proportion as they are
unnoticed. Violent attacks rouse 11s to a virtuous
opposition, whilst little evils scarce awaken us.
The eagle, which soared above, despised the gro
velling hog as below her notice, until she found
that, by little and little, this despicable adversary
was able to root up thelofty oak, which contain
ed her young, and thereby made them an easy prey.
When we confider that, thirty years past, this
poor oppressed part of the creation had very few
advocates (the despised Benjamin Lay being one
of the foremoft) and now turn our eyes to the
number of refpedtable characters, earnestly en
gaged in their redemption, and read the many
well wrote pieces, which haVe investigated their
right to liberty, and explored a just foundation for
it, can we hesitate to pronounce, “ the hand of
Providence appears evidently on their fide." Let
every one therefore be careful how they oppose
this work, for it certainly will go forward against
all opposition, and those who, from mistaken in
terest, or ill judged policy, shall ad contrary to
sober convidion, or the light of knowledge, will
certainly experience that it is “ hard to kick
against the pricks," and must gnaw a file, that will
cut their teeth.
It was with pleasure I was lately informed, that
the several branches of the Legislature of New-
Jersey were favourably disposed to the rights of
mankind in this instance, and that a bill had adu
ally originated with the Assembly, in order to
establish a plan for changing Slavery into Freedom,
upon principles of general good ; an objed truly
worthy of the foremoft rank of men. and ofthe at
tention of government, and will I hope be blessed in
their, hands; for surely there is a reward for those,
who willingly “ open their mouth, judge righte
ously, and plead the cause ofthe poor and needy."
The dispensations of Providence are inscrutable.
Why he has permitted us to lord it over Negroes
is beyond my comprehension ; but let us not sup
pose it a mark of his displeasure or vengeance
against that race of men, nor forget that the Is
raelites, his peculiar people, were once in bondage.
They were not only told, that “ the Lord re^
gardeth not persons, nor taketh reward, that he
loveth the stranger in giving him food and raiment,"
but are admonished, “ to love the flranger, for ye
were strangers in the land of Egypt." From this
Rate of slavery, the Almighty delivered them in a
marvelous manner; which consideration ought to
foften our hearts to those, who are in bondage to
us: And though some of us may pertly answer,
the slavery we uphold is very different from the
Egyptian ; we require not bricks without straw,
as they did; yet these should confider, that whilst
slavery is supported by the humane and worthy
amongst us, the worst are strengthened in their
rights, and though the former will commit no at
trocious aft of violence to a defencelefs Negroe,
the latter can with impunity practice great cruelty,
under the fandion of laws upheld by the former.
Hence the humane and good know not the mif
chief they do to justice, by continuing in the light
of supporters of slavery.
I fnall elofe this little offering at the flirine of
Liberty with a mention of the words of our Sa
viour, where he gives a description of the latt
judgment, and declares to those, who had lived
well, and done their duty, on their modefl: renun
ciation of the meritorious a& of feeding him when
he was hungry, giving him drink when he was
thirsty, visiting him when he was sick and impri
soned, &c. “ Inasmuch as ye have done it unto
one of the lead of these my brethren, ye have
done it unto me." But those who were willing
to excuse themselves from so gross a violation of
duty, as neglecting him their Saviour, he assures,
that a negle& or ad of injustice to one of the least
of their fellow-men, was. in effed, the fame aS if
done to himfelf. " Inasmuch as ye did it not
unto one of the least of these, ye did it not unto
me." A MINTO R.
Nem-ferfey, Jan. 29, 1774.
AN EC D OT E.
WH EN Marshal Tallard was confined a
prisoner at Nottingham, he gave several
balls to the Ladies in the neighbourhood, and
danced one evening with a Lady who was a Parson's
daughter; she was extremely amiable, and madea
great impreihon on the Marshal. His Secretary,
who was a man of easy morals, and had observed
his Master's agitation of mind, and the cause of
it, thinking to recommend himfelf to the Marshal's
favor, threw out several hints, that there would
be no great difficulty of obtaining the young Lady
upon his own terms; but the Marshal replied, with
a magnanimity of foul that did him the greatest
honor," Sir, if I were one and twenty, and ofthe
fame religion as the Lady, I would think it no
diferedit to offer her my hand in an honourable
manner; but to ruin a virtuous young woman, for
a momentary gratification, I should think a far
greater difhonour, than to be defeated and taken
prisoner by the Duke of Marlborough."
THE
ADVERTISER.
F E B R U A R Y 7th, 1774.
TO BE SOL D,
A LARGE commodious HOUSE, LOT
and WHARF, situate in Water-street, be
tween Market and Chefnut-ftreets ; the lot is 50
feet in front on Water street, and extends 250 feet,
into the river, with the privilege of a public alley
leading thereto: On the lot are an elegant large
brick boule, four rooms on a floor, containing in
breadth on said street 35 feet, and in depth 48 feet;
a large brick kitchen and dore, and two large frame
stores, that will contain one hundred hoglhe.ds. It
is a very good stand for business, and is pleasantly
situated, as it has a fine commanding view of the
river, and has the advantage of an opening dire&ly
opposite from Front-street to the river. There is a
ground-rent of Forty Shillings per annum arising
from the adjoining lot, (now in possession of Mr?
Buckridge Sims) that belongs to the estate. It is
free from all incumbrances whatever, and in perfect
order for a purchaser to enter on immediately. One
half the money will be expired directly, and the
remainder may be paid in any length of time that
may suit the purthafers, on giving security, with
interett. For terms of tale, apply to THOMAS
LAWRENCE, Esq; at his house in Arch-street.
Princeton, January 24, 1774.
THE SUBSCRIBER intending to
leave Princeton in April next, takes the li
berty to return his fmcere thanks to all bis friends
in particular, and to all those gentlemen who have
been so obliging as to favour him with their com
pany. He requests the favour of all persons that
are indebted to him, to pay off their accounts by
the firft of April, (that he may be enabled to pav
those to whom he is indebted) which will infinitely
oblige the Public's most obedient humble servant,
WILLIAM HICK.
JAMES KINKE A D,
WATCH AND CLOCK MAKER,
At Christiana, nearly opposite to Mr. Dunn's store,
CONTINUES to carry on bis business in as
extensive a manner as ever, and hopes to me
rit the favour of all those that please to employ him:
He returns thanks to all these Ladies and Gentle
men that have favoured him with their custom ; and
gives them caution that there is another person who
follows the said business at the sign of the Boot and
Shoe, a little below his (hop, where some watches
have been carried, through mistake of the messen
gers, which the owners intended for said Kinkead,
January 7, 1774.
TWENTY POUNDS REWARD.'
ff^fr „ AN AWAY from the
~ fubferiber, living in Dun
' more county, colony of Vir
^ ginia, a Dutchman named
PHILIP WAGGONER,
$L about thirty years of age, fix
~fi feet high, flow of speech, has a
down look, a fear on one of
t^i4^^^ hi s cheeks, and light brown
hair; had on and took with him, a fur hat almost
new, a grey furtout coat, grey double-breasted
jacket, home made linen shirt, leather breeches,
blue leggings, new shoes and buckles : He took out
of the fubferiber's team, about fix miles above Bal
timore, a black stallion, about ten years old, near
fifteen hands high, a natural pacer, no brands: It
is supposed he will make towards the Great Swamp,
or Oly in Pennsylvania, where it is said he has a
wife, and formerly lived. Whoever takes up said
Waggoner, and confines him in any of his Majesty's
gaols, so that the fubferiber may get him again,
ihail have the above reward, or FORTY
SHILLINGS for the horse only, if lent to
Andrew Stygar's, in Baltimore Town.
JACOB lIIESTONT.
TWENTY SHILLINGS REWARD,
itfy' f^f^ ^3 A N AWAY, on the
^U ^7 /^%^?K 3°"' °fJanuary last, from
'he fubferiber, living in Bran
te ''> "' ne Hundred, New-Cadle
( C n " nt y, ' n I"" 1 fervent man,
VATM ffi/TC'named JOHN MOR NE,
B ',°p J^H a smart lively fellow, about 20
^iO^^^^'^? years of age, and about , feet
2 inches high; a little stoop
shouldered, has black hair combed back before, and
pretends to be a little hard of hearing ; had on when
he went away, a flefh coloured cloth jacket, with
cuffs on the sleeves, and wooden buttons, an old
lincey under jacket, tow ffiirt, old grey coloured
cloth breeches broken in the knees, a new wool hat,
two pair of woollen dockings, one of them black,
the other blue, one pair of shoes with thongs in
them, lately half foaled, and some hob nails in the
toes and heels. Whoever takes no said feivant, and
secures him in any of his Majetty's gaols, so that
his mailer may get him again, shall have the above
reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by
DANIEL M'BRIDE.
N. B. All matters of v flels and others are forbid
to harbour or carry him off nt their peril.
TO -M O R R O W,
At ONE O'CLO C Krb.,< T
J O HN II A R T's
V ENDUE - STORE,
At the corner of So uth and Front-Streets,
Will begin the SALE of a large and neat
assortment of
ME RCHANDI z
NUM B. !20.