Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
YOLOv7-TS: A Traffic Sign Detection Model Based on Sub-Pixel Convolution and Feature Fusion

Authors:
raw_author_name: Shan Zhao
raw_affiliation_string: School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
raw_author_name: Yang Yuan
raw_affiliation_string: School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
raw_author_name: Xuan Wu
raw_affiliation_string: School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
raw_author_name: Yunlei Wang
raw_affiliation_string: School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
raw_author_name: Fukai Zhang
raw_affiliation_string: School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China

Abstract: In recent years, significant progress has been witnessed in the field of deep learning-based object detection. As a subtask in the field of object detection, traffic sign detection has great potential for development. However, the existing object detection methods for traffic sign detection in real-world scenes are plagued by issues such as the omission of small objects and low detection accuracies. To address these issues, a traffic sign detection model named YOLOv7-Traffic Sign (YOLOv7-TS) is proposed based on sub-pixel convolution and feature fusion. Firstly, the up-sampling capability of the sub-pixel convolution integrating channel dimension is harnessed and a Feature Map Extraction Module (FMEM) is devised to mitigate the channel information loss. Furthermore, a Multi-feature Interactive Fusion Network (MIFNet) is constructed to facilitate enhanced information interaction among all feature layers, improving the feature fusion effectiveness and strengthening the perception ability of small objects. Moreover, a Deep Feature Enhancement Module (DFEM) is established to accelerate the pooling process while enriching the highest-layer feature. YOLOv7-TS is evaluated on two traffic sign datasets, namely CCTSDB2021 and TT100K. Compared with YOLOv7, YOLOv7-TS, with a smaller number of parameters, achieves a significant enhancement of 3.63% and 2.68% in the mean Average Precision (mAP) for each respective dataset, proving the effectiveness of the proposed model.
A color image encryption scheme based on cellular neural networks and linear feedback shift registers

Authors:
raw_author_name: Shaohui Yan
raw_affiliation_string: College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Centre of Gansu Province for Intelligent Information Technology and Application, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, People's Republic of China
raw_author_name: Jianjian Wang
raw_affiliation_string: College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
raw_author_name: Lin Li
raw_affiliation_string: College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China

Abstract: Abstract In this paper, a cellular neural network (CNN) chaotic system is constructed and the multiple stability of the system and its rich chaotic properties are confirmed by studying the effect of parameters on the system, coexisting attractors, and offset boosting behavior. As linear feedback shift registers (LFSR) can be applied to cryptography, this paper applies LFSR to generate encrypted key matrices to enhance the randomness of encryption algorithms. Based on CNN and LFSR, a new color image encryption algorithm is designed by combining DNA coding and bit-plane decomposition with high bit-plane Zigzag dislocation changes. Experimental results and security tests show that the algorithm is highly secure and resistant to a variety of common attacks, such as differential attacks, cropping attacks, and noise attacks.
Qudit-based high-dimensional controlled-not gate

Authors:
raw_author_name: Fang-Fang Du
raw_affiliation_string: Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
raw_author_name: Xue-Mei Ren
raw_affiliation_string: Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
raw_author_name: Ming Ma
raw_affiliation_string: Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
raw_author_name: Gang Fan
raw_affiliation_string: Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China

Abstract: High-dimensional quantum systems expand quantum channel capacity and information storage space. By implementing high-dimensional quantum logic gates, the speed of quantum computing can be practically enhanced. We propose a deterministic 4 × 4-dimensional controlled-not (CNOT) gate for a hybrid system without ancillary qudits required, where the spatial and polarization states of a single photon serve as a control qudit of four dimensions, whereas two electron-spin states in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers act as a four-dimensional target qudit. As the control qudits are easily operated employing simple optical elements and the target qudits are available for storage, the CNOT gate works in a deterministic way, and it can be flexibly extended to n × n-dimensional (n > 4) quantum gates for other hybrid systems or different photonic degrees of freedoms. The efficiency and fidelity of the CNOT gate are analyzed aligning with current technological capabilities, finding that they have satisfactory performances.
Artificial Intelligence for Breast Ultrasound: <i>AJR</i> Expert Panel Narrative Review

Authors:
raw_author_name: Manisha Bahl
raw_affiliation_string: Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, WAC 240, Boston, MA 02114
raw_author_name: Jung Min Chang
raw_affiliation_string: Seoul National University Hospital, 28, Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
raw_author_name: Lisa A. Mullen
raw_affiliation_string: Johns Hopkins Medicine, 601 N. Caroline Street, JHOC Suite 4120E, Baltimore, MD 21287
raw_author_name: Wendie A. Berg
raw_affiliation_string: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213

Abstract: Breast ultrasound is used in a wide variety of clinical scenarios, including both diagnostic and screening applications. Limitations of ultrasound, however, include its low specificity and, for automated breast ultrasound screening, the time necessary to review whole-breast ultrasound images. As of this writing, four AI tools that are approved or cleared by the FDA address these limitations. Current tools, which are intended to provide decision support for lesion classification and/or detection, have been shown to increase specificity among non-specialists and to decrease interpretation times. Potential future applications include triage of patients with palpable masses in low-resource settings, preoperative prediction of axillary lymph node metastasis, and preoperative prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response. Challenges in the development and clinical deployment of AI for ultrasound include: the limited availability of curated training datasets compared to mammography; the high variability in ultrasound image acquisition due to equipment- and operator-related factors (which may limit algorithm generalizability); and the lack of post-implementation evaluation studies. Furthermore, current AI tools for lesion classification were developed based on 2D data, but diagnostic accuracy could potentially be improved if multimodal ultrasound data were used, such as color Doppler, elastography, cine clips, and 3D imaging.
Conventional and Unconventional Dicke Models: Multistabilities and Nonequilibrium Dynamics

Authors:
raw_author_name: Farokh Mivehvar
raw_affiliation_string: Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

Abstract: The Dicke model describes the collective behavior of a subwavelength--size ensemble of two-level atoms (i.e., spin-$1/2$) interacting identically with a single quantized radiation field of a cavity. Across a critical coupling strength it exhibits a zero-temperature phase transition from the normal state to the superradiant phase where the field is populated and the collective spin acquires a nonzero $x$ component, which can be imagined as ferromagnetic ordering of the atomic spins along $x$. Here we introduce a variant of this model where two subwavelength--size ensembles of spins interact with a single quantized radiation field with different strengths. Subsequently, we restrict ourselves to a special case where the coupling strengths are opposite (which is unitarily equivalent to equal-coupling strengths). Because of the conservation of the total spin in each ensemble individually, the system supports two distinct superradiant states with $x$-ferromagnetic and $x$-ferrimagnetic spin ordering, coexisting with each other in a large parameter regime. The stability and dynamics of the system in the thermodynamic limit are examined using a semiclassical approach, which predicts nonstationary behaviors due to the multistabilities. At the end, we also perform small-scale full quantum-mechanical calculations, with results consistent with the semiclassical ones.
Artificial Potential Field Based Trajectory Tracking for Quadcopter UAV Moving Targets

Authors:
raw_author_name: Cezary Kownacki
raw_affiliation_string: Department of Industrial Processes Automation, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska St. 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland

Abstract: The trajectory or moving-target tracking feature is desirable, because it can be used in various applications where the usefulness of UAVs is already proven. Tracking moving targets can also be applied in scenarios of cooperation between mobile ground-based and flying robots, where mobile ground-based robots could play the role of mobile landing pads. This article presents a novel proposition of an approach to position-tracking problems utilizing artificial potential fields (APF) for quadcopter UAVs, which, in contrast to well-known APF-based path planning methods, is a dynamic problem and must be carried out online while keeping the tracking error as low as possible. Also, a new flight control is proposed, which uses roll, pitch, and yaw angle control based on the velocity vector. This method not only allows the UAV to track a point where the potential function reaches its minimum but also enables the alignment of the course and velocity to the direction and speed given by the velocity vector from the APF. Simulation results present the possibilities of applying the APF method to holonomic UAVs such as quadcopters and show that such UAVs controlled on the basis of an APF behave as non-holonomic UAVs during 90° turns. This allows them and the onboard camera to be oriented toward the tracked target. In simulations, the AR Drone 2.0 model of the Parrot quadcopter is used, which will make it possible to easily verify the method in real flights in future research.
Remote Charging and Degradation Suppression for the Quantum Battery

Authors:
raw_author_name: Bin Zhou
raw_affiliation_string: Department of Physics, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
raw_author_name: Wan-Li Yang
raw_affiliation_string: State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
raw_author_name: Jun-Hong An
raw_affiliation_string: Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE, Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics, and Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Abstract: The quantum battery (QB) makes use of quantum effects to store and supply energy, which may outperform its classical counterpart. However, there are two challenges in this field. One is that the environment-induced decoherence causes the energy loss and aging of the QB, the other is that the decreasing of the charger-QB coupling strength with increasing their distance makes the charging of the QB become inefficient. Here, we propose a QB scheme to realize a remote charging via coupling the QB and the charger to a rectangular hollow metal waveguide. It is found that an ideal charging is realized as long as two bound states are formed in the energy spectrum of the total system consisting of the QB, the charger, and the electromagnetic environment in the waveguide. Using the constructive role of the decoherence, our QB is immune to the aging. Additionally, without resorting to the direct charger-QB interaction, our scheme works in a way of long-range and wireless-like charging. Effectively overcoming the two challenges, our result supplies an insightful guideline to the practical realization of the QB by reservoir engineering.
ARPruning: An automatic channel pruning based on attention map ranking

Authors:
raw_author_name: Tongtong Yuan
raw_affiliation_string: Beijing University of Technology, China
raw_author_name: Zulin Li
raw_affiliation_string: Beijing University of Technology, China
raw_author_name: Bo Liu
raw_affiliation_string: Beijing University of Technology, China
raw_author_name: Yinan Tang
raw_affiliation_string: Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., Ltd, China
raw_author_name: Yujia Liu
raw_affiliation_string: Beijing University of Technology, China

Abstract: Structured pruning is a representative model compression technology for convolutional neural networks (CNNs), aiming to prune some less important filters or channels of CNNs. Most recent structured pruning methods have established some criteria to measure the importance of filters, which are mainly based on the magnitude of weights or other parameters in CNNs. However, these judgment criteria lack explainability, and it is insufficient to simply rely on the numerical values of the network parameters to assess the relationship between the channel and the model performance. Moreover, directly utilizing these pruning criteria for global pruning may lead to suboptimal solutions, therefore, it is necessary to complement search algorithms to determine the pruning ratio for each layer. To address these issues, we propose ARPruning (Attention-map-based Ranking Pruning), which reconstructs a new pruning criterion as the importance of the intra-layer channels and further develops a new local neighborhood search algorithm for determining the optimal inter-layer pruning ratio. To measure the relationship between the channel to be pruned and the model performance, we construct an intra-layer channel importance criterion by considering the attention map for each layer. Then, we propose an automatic pruning strategy searching method that can search for the optimal solution effectively and efficiently. By integrating the well-designed pruning criteria and search strategy, our ARPruning can not only maintain a high compression rate but also achieve outstanding accuracy. In our work, it is also experimentally concluded that compared with state-of-the-art pruning methods, our ARPruning method is capable of achieving better compression results. The code can be obtained at https://github.com/dozingLee/ARPruning.
Multiscale Cross-Connected Dehazing Network With Scene Depth Fusion

Authors:
raw_author_name: Guodong Fan
raw_affiliation_string: College of Computer Science &#x0026; Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
raw_author_name: Min Gan
raw_affiliation_string: College of Computer Science &#x0026; Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
raw_author_name: Bi Fan
raw_affiliation_string: Research Institute of Business Analytics and Supply Chain Management, College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China

Abstract: In this article, we propose a multiscale cross-connected dehazing network with scene depth fusion. We focus on the correlation between a hazy image and the corresponding depth image. The model encodes and decodes the hazy image and the depth image separately and includes cross connections at the decoding end to directly generate a clean image in an end-to-end manner. Specifically, we first construct an input pyramid to obtain the receptive fields of the depth image and the hazy image at multiple levels. Then, we add the features of the corresponding dimensions in the input pyramid to the encoder. Finally, the two paths of the decoder are cross-connected. In addition, the proposed model uses wavelet pooling and residual channel attention modules (RCAMs) as components. A series of ablation experiments shows that the wavelet pooling and RCAMs effectively improve the performance of the model. We conducted extensive experiments on multiple dehazing datasets, and the results show that the model is superior to other advanced methods in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity (SSIM), and subjective visual effects. The source code and supplementary are available at https://github.com/CCECfgd/MSCDN-master.
Efficient quantum simulation of open quantum system dynamics on noisy quantum computers

Authors:
raw_author_name: Shin Sun
raw_affiliation_string: Experimental Quantum Information Physics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
raw_author_name: Li-Chai Shih
raw_affiliation_string: Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
raw_author_name: Yuan-Chung Cheng
raw_affiliation_string: Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan; Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei City 106, Taiwan

Abstract: Quantum simulation represents the most promising quantum application to demonstrate quantum advantage on near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers, yet available quantum simulation algorithms are prone to errors and thus difficult to be realized. Herein, we propose a novel scheme to utilize intrinsic gate errors of NISQ devices to enable controllable simulation of open quantum system dynamics without ancillary qubits or explicit bath engineering, thus turning unwanted quantum noises into useful quantum resources. Specifically, we simulate energy transfer process in a photosynthetic dimer system on IBM-Q cloud. By employing designed decoherence-inducing gates, we show that quantum dissipative dynamics can be simulated efficiently across coherent-to-incoherent regimes with results comparable to those of the numerically-exact classical method. Moreover, we demonstrate a calibration routine that enables consistent and predictive simulations of open-quantum system dynamics in the intermediate coupling regime. This work provides a new direction for quantum advantage in the NISQ era.
Boosting the Convergence of Reinforcement Learning-Based Auto-Pruning Using Historical Data

Authors:
raw_author_name: Jiandong Mu
raw_affiliation_string: Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
raw_author_name: Mengdi Wang
raw_affiliation_string: Computing Platform Department, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China
raw_author_name: Feiwen Zhu
raw_affiliation_string: Computing Platform Department, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China
raw_author_name: Jun Yang
raw_affiliation_string: Computing Platform Department, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China
raw_author_name: Wei Lin
raw_affiliation_string: Computing Platform Department, Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China
raw_author_name: Wei Zhang
raw_affiliation_string: Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China

Abstract: Recently, neural network compression schemes like channel pruning have been widely used to reduce the model size and computational complexity of deep neural networks (DNNs) for applications in power-constrained scenarios, such as embedded systems. Reinforcement learning (RL)-based auto-pruning has been further proposed to automate the DNN pruning process to avoid expensive hand-crafted work. However, the RL-based pruner involves a time-consuming training process, and pruning and evaluating each network comes at high computational expense. These problems have greatly restricted the real-world application of RL-based auto-pruning. Thus, we propose an efficient auto-pruning framework that solves this problem by taking advantage of the historical data from the previous auto-pruning process. In our framework, we first boost the convergence of the RL-pruner by transfer learning. Then, an augmented transfer learning scheme is proposed to further speed up the training process by improving the transferability. Finally, an assistant learning process is proposed to improve the sample efficiency of the RL agent. The experiments show that our framework can accelerate the auto-pruning process by 1.5x 2.5x for ResNet20, and 1.81x 2.375x for other neural networks, such as ResNet56, ResNet18, and MobileNet v1.
Experiences of Teaching Software Testing in an Undergraduate Class Using Different Approaches for the Group Projects

Authors:
raw_author_name: Ingrid Buckley
raw_affiliation_string: Florida Gulf Coast University

Abstract: Abstract The increased ubiquity of software has resulted in the need for more software engineers to service all aspects of the software development life cycle, including maintaining software quality. In 2018, It is estimated that the poor quality of software in the US cost approximately $2.26 trillion. Software testing continues to be one of the main approaches used to validate software as software systems become more complex. Although there is increased testing of software in industry throughout the development life cycle, academic institutions continue to lag behind in offering the number of software testing courses to adequately prepare students for jobs in industry. In addition, educational institutions continue to grapple with how best to integrate software testing in their curricula. This paper presents the experiences of teaching an undergraduate software testing course over four non-consecutive years, focusing mainly on the class project. The semester-long project consists of several deliverables and is a major component of the testing course. Over the four years, different approaches were used to implement the project activities. The approaches used for the group projects include (a) testing different capstone projects that are sponsored by local companies, (b) all student teams testing a single project that is being developed during the semester, and (c) testing a single project that has been previously developed. A detailed description of the testing course is presented, and the dependencies with other classes in the curriculum are explained. Specific details of the different approaches for the class projects are presented, such as, the structure of the deliverables and how they were assessed. Project data for each semester is also presented and includes class enrollments, number of project teams, types of project, and level of complexity. Data on the tools used to develop and test the projects are also described. Testing each type of project presented a variety of advantages and challenges for students and the instructor. Some of the challenges include access to appropriate software testing tools, not meeting the coverage requirements when testing the project, assessing the large variety of group projects sponsored by local companies, and technical support for the testing tools. Based on the experience of teaching the course with different types of group projects, we present lessons learned and recommendations for future editions of the course. Some of our recommendations are consistent with other experience reports described in the literature.