Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the importance and performance of connected education plan for early childhood and elementary school recognized by elementary teachers

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine elementary school teachers' awareness of the importance of the Early childhood-elementary connected education plan and the actual performance level.&#x0D; Methods To solve the first research question, previous studies were analyzed to derive connected educational plans. To solve the second research question, a survey was conducted on 91 teachers. As the third research ques-tion, written interviews were conducted with 8 teachers.&#x0D; Results As a result of analyzing the first research question, it was confirmed that there are 17 common plans in previous studies. As a result of the analysis of the second research question, Teachers perceived the importance of all but three of the 17 plans as low, and in terms of performance, they performed only below average for all the plans. Through the IPA analysis method, five connected education plans that need to be carried out in the same manner as the present were derived. In addition, three connected education plans that need to be activated be-cause their importance is above average but are not performed well were derived. Seven connected education plans with both low importance and performance were derived. We derived two connected education plans that are of low importance but are being over-performed. As a result of the analysis of the third research question, it was found that various contexts, such as excessive work, relationships with parents, and difficulties in childcare classes.&#x0D; Conclusions Based on the results of the study, it was suggested that first, it is necessary to revise the connected education plan through the opinions of teachers; second, It is necessary to increase the level of preparation by in-ducing fixed teacher assignments by strengthening Incentives and providing specialized training for them. Third, it is necessary to provide educational content that can be applied immediately in the field in college and graduate school classes. Fourth, it was suggested that the Office of Education needs to strengthen various supports related to connected education.
A Study on Differential Item Functioning by Gender of the College Major Interest Inventory: Focusing on the engineering majors

Objectives Paying attention to the phenomenon of a gender gap in the choice of a major in the engineering de-partment, this study set out to examine whether there was differential item functioning by gender and what caused it by analyzing the items related to engineering in the Korean College Major Interest Inventory, 2nd Edition(KCMII-2).&#x0D; Methods For this purpose, the study used the data of 9,069 respondents who answered the activity preference items and the data of 9,040 respondents who answered the vocational preference items in the engineering sec-tion of the inventory in its analysis before checking if the data met the normal distribution and unidimensionality assumption requirements. Differential item functioning was extracted with the ‘lordif’ package of R and the PARSCALE program. The items whose differential function was found both in the programs were chosen as the final differential item functioning.&#x0D; Results The results of testing the assumption of unidimensionality suggested the possibility of other dimensions of latent trait beyond activity and career preferences. Subsequent analysis conducted through differential item functioning analysis revealed that nine out of the 30 activity preference items and seven out of the 30 vocational preference items were extracted as differential item functioning. All these items except for one activity preference item were favorable to female students. The activity preference items whose differential function included majors in life science and biotechnology, computer software, environmental studies and energy, and chemistry and chemical engineering. In terms of career preference, the differential functioning items encompassed majors in life science and biotechnology, chemistry and chemical engineering, and environmental studies and energy.&#x0D; Conclusions The study then inferred the causes of the differential item function extracted based on the findings and discussed the future direction of career education to help high school students overcome the gender gap in the choice of an engineering career and make a reasonable and sustainable career and occupation choice.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Classes on the Key Competencies of Pre-service Early Childhood Teachers

Objectives The purpose of this study is to apply PBL(Problem-Based Learning) to the teaching subject class of preservice early childhood teachers and to analyze how PBL affects the improvement of the key competencies.&#x0D; Methods PBL was conducted for 15 weeks, focusing on making and solving problems that beginner early child-hood teachers may face in the educational field and to preparing a PBL class plan for infants. Participants in the study were 44 second-year early childhood education students who took education methods and educational technology class for the second semester of 2022 at H vocational college in Seoul. In order to analyze whether the PBL class of pre-service early childhood teachers is effective in key competencies, a pre-post survey was con-ducted to diagnose key competencies, and reflection journals and PBL results were collected and analyzed.&#x0D; Results As a result of the pre-post examination, the performance of improving key competencies (creativity, con-vergence, challenge, and growth) through PBL classes showed a significant difference at the statistical .001 level. In particular, the degree of improvement was high in terms of openness to change, comprehensive thinking, goal orientation, and self-efficacy, which are sub-detailed competencies. As a result of analyzing the reflection journal, it was found that students improved throughout key competencies such as creative competency, convergence competency, challenge competency, and growth competency through PBL classes. In particular, as an early child-hood teacher in the future, they showed confidence in the application of PBL classes for infants, and they have expectations that infants, like themselves, will be able to grow through PBL. It also showed a sense of efficacy that various and complex problems that may be raised in the field of early childhood education can be solved coop-eratively through PBL.&#x0D; Conclusions To improve the effectiveness of PBL classes, it is necessary to develop instructors' PBL teaching ca-pabilities, to understand the theoretical and practical instruction design and education methods, make efforts to enhance mutual learning and key competencies through PBL activities, and utilize various teaching methods and multimedia technologies.
Interaction Analysis between learning method and course division on learning satisfaction and learning presence in the synchronous universities online class

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine interaction between learning method and couse division on learning satisfaction and learning presence in the synchronous universities online class.&#x0D; Methods Based on such research theories, the study conducted an online survey of 309 Korean university stu-dents who took synchronous online class before September 2020.&#x0D; The questionnaire was developed through a prior study analysis, and 308 respondents, excluding one unfaithful case, were targeted for analysis. The data was analyzed by using the Microsoft Excel spread sheet and SPSS.22 program to verify the research hypothesis. The reliability test was conducted to verity the internal consistency by calculating Cronbach' α coefficient. In addition, a Two-way ANOVA was conducted to analyze the differences in learning satisfaction between he learning method and course division, and a multivariate analysis(MANOVA) was conducted to analyze the differences in the learning presence according to he learning method and course division. Results First, in synchronous online classes at universities, the learning satisfaction level according to the type of course division was found to be no significant difference, and there were significant differences only in the type of learning method. Second, the presence of learning about the course division did not reveal any significant difference. Third, in synchronous classes, the interaction of learning satisfaction with the interaction of course di-vision and learning method was found to be ineffective. Fourth, the interaction effect of the course division and learning method on the learning presence was shown in synchronous online classes.&#x0D; Conclusions The synchronous online lectures were difficult to completely replace existing face-to-face lectures. Therefore, based on the characteristics of the platform on which synchronous online lectures are conducted and the learner's needs, a continuous study of the model of synchronous online classes should be processed.
Satisfaction and Improvement Demands for EBS High School Lectures

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the satisfaction level and improvement needs for EBS high school lectures.&#x0D; Methods Stratified cluster sampling design using province as a stratum and school as a cluster was used to extract 1,320 student samples and 404 teacher samples nationwide. EBS high school lectures were categorized into vid-eo and textbooks, and differences in responses were tested across six student and seven teacher demographic characteristics.&#x0D; Results The results show that both students and teachers expressed high levels of satisfaction with EBS high school lectures. Significant differences were observed among students based on academic performance levels and among teachers based on subject areas. Improvement needs related to videos included course development for both lower-level and higher-level students, separately. For teachers, the most frequent improvement needs were rich teaching materials and level-specific courses. Regarding textbook-related improvement needs, both students and teachers indicated a preference for easily understandable concept explanations and sufficient con-struction of challenging questions.&#x0D; Conclusions The findings indicate a significant demand for diversified educational content tailored to the students' levels for both video and textbook in EBS high school courses. Addressing the diversification of content in video lectures and textbooks appears to be the most urgent need identified by both students and teachers alike.
The effect of Organizational Climate on Teacher-Child Interaction recognized by Early Childhood Teachers: Focusing on the mediating effect of Teachers' Instructional Leadership

Objectives The purpose of this study is to find a direction for successful teacher-child interaction through analyz-ing the relationship between organizational climate, teachers' instructional leadership, teacher-child interaction.&#x0D; Methods To this end, first, examine the relationship among organizational climate and teachers' instructional leadership and teacher-child interaction recognized by early childhood teachers. And second, analyze the media-ting effect of teachers' instructional leadership in relation to organizational climate and teacher-child interaction.&#x0D; Results First, the correlation between organizational climate, teachers' instructional leadership and teacher-child interaction showed significant positive correlation. Second, as a result of analyzing the mediating effect of teach-ers' instructional leadership on the relationship between organizational climate and teacher-child interaction, it was fully mediated.&#x0D; Conclusions In conclusion, it was confirmed that organizational climate through teachers' instructional leadership is important for improving teacher-child interaction.
Changes in Social Awareness of Early Childhood Coding Education revealed in Big data

Objectives This study uses semantic network analysis, a big data analysis method, to examine the flow of social awareness and demands for early childhood coding education and identify key keywords to improve understanding of the flow of early childhood coding education and to improve early childhood coding education in the future. The purpose is to find implications for the direction of institutional and policy research.&#x0D; Methods For this purpose, the entire period, 2007-2023, was divided into a total of 4 quarters such as from September 25, 2007 to September 25, 2011, September 26, 2011 to September 25, 2015, September 26, 2015 to September 25, 2019, September 26, 2019 to September 25, 2023. Afterwards, data was collected using ‘Early childhood coding education’ as a search term in TEXTOM. Next, we conducted emotional vocabulary analysis of TEXTOM based on the collected data. In addition, after two purification processes, a total of 200 keywords, 50 for each quarter, were extracted based on TF-IDF. Finally, CONCOR analysis was performed with the final keywords.&#x0D; Results As a result of the study, social interest in early childhood coding education increased over time, content was expanded into various channels, and positive perceptions were consistently higher than negative. In addition, 50 keywords were extracted for each quarter, and as a result of CONCOR analysis, 4 word groups were formed for each quarter. Through 50 keywords and 4 word groups for each quarter, we were able to identify the social awareness and flow of early childhood coding education by quarter.&#x0D; Conclusions This study identified the flow of social awareness and demands for early childhood coding education, and based on this, it can be used as basic data to identify people's major interest in early childhood coding educa-tion and prepare policy measures for the development of early childhood coding education.
Analysis of learning effects of flipped learning linked to subject-non-curriculum for competency-based major education

Objectives This study analyzed the learning effects of flipped learning linked to subject-matter subjects to strengthen the major abilities of students in the Department of Police Administration at K University. Specifically, flipped learning was used as a teaching and learning method in the 'Forensic Investigation' class, a major subject in the Department of Police Administration, and was linked to a non-curricular program operated by the Teaching and Learning Development Center on campus.&#x0D; Methods To this end, flipped learning using scientific investigation videos of actual crime cases was conducted for 13 weeks in the forensic science major subjects, and as a subject-related extracurricular program, a forensic investigator from the K Local Police Agency was invited to give a special lecture on the major, and on-campus teaching and learning was conducted. It is designed to enable participation in learning communities or tutoring conducted by the development center. In order to comprehensively analyze the major abilities of participating stu-dents, we conducted lecture evaluations and special lecture satisfaction surveys on flipped learning using criminal investigation series (forensic video), and conducted in-depth interviews about learning experiences using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. It was carried out.&#x0D; Results The lecture satisfaction level for ‘Forensic Investigation’ using flipped learning and subject-related ex-tra-curricular classes was 4.65, which was improved from the previous year’s class that did not apply the sub-ject-connected extra-curricular program, showing that there was an educational effect on the learning experience. In addition, as a result of analyzing the learning effect of flipped learning, four central meanings were derived: class attitude, communication ability, class performance, and improvements. Lastly, as a result of analyz-ing the satisfaction level and in-depth interviews with the non-curricular program linked to the major curriculum, it was confirmed that it was helpful in motivating police officers to join the police force and cultivating criminal in-vestigation capabilities.&#x0D; Conclusions This study conducted an analysis of the learning effect of 'Forensic Investigation' in the Department of Police Administration at K University, which was found to have a positive effect on improving the ability to utilize professional knowledge related to criminal investigation, self-directed learning ability, convergence ability, and communication ability, which are major abilities. It is valuable in that it contributed to breaking down the bounda-ries between major subject classes by overcoming the constraints of limited class time and enabling individual in-depth learning by linking flipped learning, a learner-centered teaching and learning method, with extra-curricular programs.
The Validation of the Korean Version of Executive Functioning Scale

Objectives In this study, the adult executive functioning scale ADEXI(Adult Executive Functioning Inventory) de-veloped by Holst and Thorell (2017) was adapted and validated into Korean to measure the executive function ing of adults.&#x0D; Methods An executive functioning scale was selected through a review of previous research literature, permission to use the scale was obtained from the original author, and the Korean Adult Executive Functioning Scale (KADEXI) was constructed through translation and back-translation. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on 237 adults aged 19 or older.&#x0D; Results Confirmatory factor analysis was performed, and convergent and criterion validity were verified. The Korean adult executive functioning scale was ultimately composed of 14 items each for self-report and other-re-port, and the subfactors were 9 items for working memory and 5 items for inhibition, identical to the original scale. A test-retest performed 2 weeks later was found to be reliable.&#x0D; Conclusions By presenting specific difficulties in daily life through the validation of a Korean scale measuring adult executive functioning, it appears to be of great clinical utility in that it can provide guidance for therapeutic inter-vention and change. In addition, when implementing the executive functioning scale, cross-verification with self-report and meaningful other person's report can be used to ensure validity in identifying the degree of execu-tive functioning deficiency.
The Effect of In-School Work Experience on First Job Satisfaction among College Graduates: Applying Causal Forests

Objectives This study was conducted to verify the effect of in-school work experience on job satisfaction in the first job among college graduates and to explore how the purpose of work experience while in school and the rele-vance of the major affect job satisfaction in the first job.&#x0D; Methods To do this, causal forests were applied to the 2020 Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS) to examine the average treatment effect of in-school work experience on the job satisfaction of the first employment. Additionally, heterogeneous treatment effects were explored based on personal backgrounds, col-lege factors, job preparation, and characteristics of the first job among college graduates. Furthermore, hier-archical regression analysis was applied to control for variables that were significant in the heterogeneous treat-ment effects and to verify the effects of the purpose of work experience and the relevance of the major on job sat-isfaction in the first job.&#x0D; Results First, the average treatment effect of work experience during college had a positive effect on job sat-isfaction in the first job. Second, the heterogeneous treatment effect of college location was significant, with some regions showing a decreasing effect of in-school work experience on job satisfaction in the first job. Third, livelihood type work experience has a negative effect on job satisfaction in the first job. Fourth, the relevance of work experience to the major had a positive effect on job satisfaction in the first job.&#x0D; Conclusions Based on the findings, implications and policy implications of the study were discussed.
Forecasting Indihome Users By Using Trigonometrics, Box Cox, Transformation, Arma Error, Trend, And Seasonal (TBATS) Methods

The rapid growth in the use of telecommunication services, particularly IndiHome, has created a pressing need to comprehend and forecast the dynamics of user growth. The swift development of IndiHome services in Pematangsiantar underscores the importance of efficiently forecasting and managing user growth. This research aims to predict future IndiHome users using the TBATS method (Trigonometrics, Box Cox Transformation, Arma Error, Trend, and Seasonal). User data for IndiHome services were obtained from Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Telkom) Pematangsiantar. The collected data underwent analysis and interpolation using the TBATS method. The choice of the TBATS method is attributed to its capability to handle complex patterns of seasonality, trends, and variability in telecommunication service usage data. The TBATS method involves model optimization and model validation using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The forecasted results for IndiHome users in the next 5 years, with the highest IndiHome users reaching 426,9432, indicate a reasonable forecasting performance. The accuracy of the forecast, as measured by the MAPE calculation, ranges around 30.5%, signifying that the TBATS method demonstrates a satisfactory forecasting capability for IndiHome user data.
Pemanfaatan Media Sosial Sebagai Media Komunikasi Massa Di Kalangan Pelajar

Learning using text or conventional media makes it difficult for students to understand the material presented by the teaching staff. So now students use the YouTube application as a support in their learning activities. This research aims to find out more about the benefits of YouTube media for students and the use of YouTube social media as a place to share learning material. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach and this research uses data collection techniques including library research. The data used in this research is secondary data. The results of the research show that students who use YouTube as a mass communication medium make it very easy to find the information or knowledge they need and it is easier for students to understand the material contained in videos compared to material delivered directly by teachers or lecturers either online or face to face because of videos. on the YouTube application can be played back at any time to re-study the teaching material presented.