Collections of folk’s Yuefu Poems of Han Dynasty published during 16~18 century and their meanings: Focusing on "Gosigi", "Chaesukdanggosiseon", "Gisiwon" and "Gosisangseok"

As the folk’s Yuefu poems in Han Dynasty have the unique foundation called “Mingachaejib”, they have several characteristics to be noted. The characteristics include the fact that there are many folk’s Yuefu poems whose authors are not known but which are written by ordinary people and that they reflect the social situation during Han Dynasty. As for the transmission of the actual social reality, they had strong narrativity as these truthful stories of the ordinary people’s poetry, and they used the unique words and were free style for folk’s Yuefu poems only, which has contributed to the development of the future history of poems. To find out the evaluation by poets of Qing Dynasty of folk’s Yuefu poems having unique attractiveness of Han Dynasty, this study select 4 kinds of collection of old poems. The “Gosigi” or the collection of old poems written during Han Dynasty and “Chaesukdanggosiseon”, “Gisiwon” and “Gosisangseok”, which were the collections of old poems written during Qing Dynasty are all the collection of poems by type. They all have the poems written from early Zhou Dynasty to Sui Dynasty. In addition, from the perspective of the completion time, they were all written during 16th ~18th century. The types, numbers and common list of the folk’s Yuefu poems of Han Dynasty from 4 collections of old poems were summarized and, based on the summary, several characteristics are found. First, the biggest difference in perception was found in “Japgayosa”. Among 4 collections of old poems, only “Chaesukdanggosiseon” did not contain any japgayosa” but it contained the “Gyomyogasa” the most. But, if viewed from the flow of collection of old poems other than that, it had more types of folk’s Yuefu poems which were uniformly allocated and its rate of selection of japgayosa was not low. Second, the “Gyomyogasa” in the common selection list are related to the ancestral rites, and it showed less selection rate than the collection of old poem of Gosigi except Chaesukdanggosiseon as the time passed down. Third, among the common selection list, the “Sanghwagasa” takes the most ratio and showed more selection rate than the collection of poems “Gosigi” in later years. This happens because the characteristics from the unique “Mingachaejip” are mostly exposed in the Danghwagasa, thus attracting the interest of recorder. Fourth, the selection rate of “Japgokgasa” in the common selection list has increased in the collection of poems written in later days than in the collection of poem “Gosigi”. That also showed that people were more interested in the works reflecting the society of that time as shown in the case of Sanghwagasa. Though the Gochwigoksa was the military song, its contents were not limited to the war but were more related to the love between men and women. Therefore, they are less posted in the Gosiwon written by Shen Deqian, who argued the motto of ‘onyudonghu’ but opposed to the ‘buyeom’ as well as in “Gosisangseok” which succeeded that. In the common selection list of 4 collections of old poems, the “Sanghwagasa” took up the most part because the recorder found out that the characteristics from ‘Mingachaejip’ were displayed in the ‘Sanghwagasa’ the most. It shows that what the scholars who selected the poems for 4 collections of poems written in 16th ~ 18th century wanted to see the reality and true social life of people lived in Han Dynasty through the folk’s Yuefu poems of Han Dynasty.