Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Employment of Fresh Graduates from Higher Vocational Schools (Specialty) vs. General Higher Schools (Undergraduate) in 2022 Shanghai

This study aims to explore the employment situation of fresh graduates of higher vocational schools (specialty) and general higher schools (undergraduate) in Shanghai in 2022, and to compare them from the perspectives of employment rate and average salary. In this study, the contextual factor is the epidemics impact on the economy and the labor market. By doing an online survey, the study concluded that the employment rate of fresh graduates from higher vocational schools was relatively high, while the average salary of fresh graduates from general higher schools was higher. In addition, most of the participants were satisfied with the correlation between the job they were currently engaged in and the specialty they studied in their undergraduate/specialized degree. The studys findings point to a correlation between educational background and actual salary, job specialty correlation, and job satisfaction. As a result, its possible that the studys results arent as reliable as they may be. Finally, this research sheds light on the job landscape for new Shanghai grads from both higher vocational and general higher schools in 2022, as well as the correlation between academic credentials and professional success. A deeper understanding of the problem will need more study with a bigger sample size and other considerations.
Linguistic Manipulation in Pakistani Tea Commercials: A Critical Discourse Study

This paper intends to study the techniques and strategies employed in TV advertisements to discover hidden agendas and to bring awareness among readers/consumers. It has been aimed at analyzing tea advertisements in Pakistani electronic media, and investigating how advertisers make use of the discourse to convince customers to buy their products. The main purpose was to analyze different linguistic devices used by advertisement production companies to grab customers’ attention to purchase their products. The advertisements analyzed are different types of tea which have been selected from Pakistani TV commercials. The methodology adopted in this study is qualitative and the analysis is done keeping in view the idea – a three-dimensional model of Norman Fairclough (2015) for analyzing discourse critically. After careful observation and analysis, the researchers have found out that the advertisers have applied various linguistic strategies i.e. the use of pronouns,adjectives, imperatives etc. to attract the audience/customers towards their products. It is in a way linguistic manipulation which is there in commercial discourses to affect the cognition of the viewers.
A Critical Examination of the Applicability of Standards for Determining Infringement of Information Network Transmission Rights

Currently, there is controversy surrounding the standards for determining infringement of information network transmission rights. However, the application of these standards is of great significance for the regulation of information network transmission rights and holds important implications for the internet industry. Therefore, it should not be overlooked. Regarding the existing standards for determining infringement of information network transmission rights, a wholesale rejection of server standard is irrational, and the hasty application of new standards is also challenging to justify. An objective examination of various existing standards is essential, recognizing both their problem-solving capabilities and their inherent limitations. The adoption of multiple standards may be a feasible approach to address these issues.
Digital Degrowth – Beyond Solutionism

This paper argues that environmental sustainability should become a primary goal in IS research. Often, we tend to propose digital technology as a solution that contributes to environmental sustainability. Less frequently we recognize that the energy and material resource flows associated with ICTs in themselves have environmental impacts. The tendency to consider digital technology a solution instead of a challenge is one-sided and tends to drive growth in digital technologies. This is reinforced by the “green growth” discourse which exhibits a continued and unrealistic reliance on economic growth. Alternative paradigms under the larger “postgrowth” umbrella articulates other priorities, including degrowth and sufficiency-oriented approaches. In this Research-in-Progress paper I review some approaches, such as computing within limits, collapse informatics, permacomputing and debates about judicious digital design and frugal innovations, as a starting point for articulating implications and possible directions for how the IS field could engage with a degrowth agenda.
Public Opinion Misconduct and Online Gender Violence: Exploring Chinas Social Media Crisis Beneath the Surface

Due to the rapid advancement of Internet technology, cyber violence has grown to be a massive issue driven primarily by public opinion and social events. In order to investigate the potential crisis of Chinese social media below the surface of public opinion governance, this paper focuses on several archetypal examples in which women are the subject and public opinion is out of focus, leading to ethical misconduct in public opinion. This paper used three research techniques to gather information from Chinese social media users about a specific theme: a questionnaire survey, real-time hotspot data collecting, and case comparison analysis. This paper successfully obtains a large number of data points and analyzes them. Combine this with the change in the interaction mode between the media and Internet users in the Internet+ era in recent years and the trend from one-way communication to two-way interaction, and this paper discusses the changes in the media environment and the new problems caused by them and further analyzes the practical data. Finally, it explores the problem that Chinas social media has been neglected in responding to online violence events: the traffic bias of the content reported by social media platforms has harmed netizens legal consciousness in terms of online violence, and the victims do not understand the means of safeguarding their rights according to law, while the perpetrators do not know the consequences of online violence, which makes online violence events emerge endlessly.
Portraits of the Most Severely Affected Population in Online Violence

In todays new high-tech era, the phenomenon of cyberviolence, with the proliferation of social media in most peoples lives, has attracted global attention to cyberviolence and its victims. More and more research evidence shows that victims vulnerable to cyber violence share many similar characteristics. So, this paper aims to conduct a scientific study to find out the specific portrait of the vulnerable victim group. This paper collects data from network questionnaires, frequency analysis, validity analysis, reliability analysis, and chi-square test. A total of 437 random Chinese netizens participated in this study; the results of the study show that the people who are vulnerable to network violence, basically in line with the portrait, the experimental results present: the susceptible boys are those who are Gentle and Kind, have a postgraduate education, are underage, and work in the service industry. The susceptible girls are radical, with a high school education or below, aged 10-19, primarily underage, and working as housewives. This paper can provide direction for cybersecurity practitioners to reduce the harm suffered by victims of cyberviolence.
Abstract Language, Subcultural Capital and the Establishment of Habitual Rules of Access --The Dilemma of Chinas Abstract Streamers and Their Action Strategies

Since 2016, with the rapid popularization and development of the Internet and mobile devices, live streaming on the Internet has entered peoples entertainment and leisure life at an astounding rate. Live streaming platforms such as Huya, YY, and Douyu have played a crucial role as important carriers of the early development of online live streaming. With its low entry cost, low technical barriers, and strong interactivity, online live streaming has attracted a considerable number of netizens to participate.Based on the background of the emergence and prosperity of abstract anchors, this article aims to analyze and summarize the phenomenon of abstract language culture within the abstract anchor community by applying Pierces theory of triadic signs. From a linguistic perspective, the study seeks to identify the action strategies employed by abstract anchors to obtain legitimacy. Additionally, by utilizing Thorntons concept of subcultural capital, the article analyzes the value forms and psychological characteristics of the audience of abstract anchors in terms of identity. Through the above analyses, the article finally identifies abstract anchors as a group of producers of interpretive items who have established a habitual access system, becoming a group of anchors who have survived the onslaught of network regulation and e-commerce anchors by adopting strategies of self-deprecation and over-performance. At the same time, the rise of the phenomenon of abstract language has set off a linguistic and cultural crisis in China that requires urgent reflection and contemplation.
Influence of Reading Interest and Vocabulary Mastery on Students' Reading Comprehension Ability

Reading interest and vocabulary mastery can affect students' reading comprehension skills. The level of reading comprehension ability in the high class has yet to show satisfactory results. The low interest in reading students is due to a lack of awareness of students to read; besides that, students' vocabulary mastery still needs to improve due to a lack of student's ability to interpret words. This research is a correlational study with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were fourth-grade students at SDN Bendung 1 Semin. The sampling technique uses a saturated sample where all students are the sample. Data collection techniques were used in this study using questionnaires and tests. The instrument test was carried out by testing the validity and reliability tests. The data analysis used is descriptive and statistical. The results showed that: (1) there was a negative and not significant effect of reading interest on reading comprehension ability with a value of tcount = -0.129 with a significance of 0.900 &gt; 0.05 with a contribution of 2.4%, (2) there was a positive effect but not significant vocabulary mastery on reading comprehension ability with a value of tcount = 0.671 with a significance of 0.515 &gt; 0.05 with a contribution of 18.8%, (3) there is a positive and significant effect of interest in reading and vocabulary mastery on reading comprehension ability devalued by Fcount of 0.299 with a significance value of 0.799 &gt; 0.05 with a contribution of 3.7%.
Smooth Passage with the Guards: Second-Order Hardware Masking of the AES with Low Randomness and Low Latency

Cryptographic devices in hostile environments can be vulnerable to physical attacks such as power analysis. Masking is a popular countermeasure against such attacks, which works by splitting every sensitive variable into d+1 randomized shares. The implementation cost of the masking countermeasure in hardware increases significantly with the masking order d, and protecting designs often results in a large overhead. One of the main drivers of the cost is the required amount of fresh randomness for masking the non-linear parts of a cipher. In the case of AES, first-order designs have been built without the need for any fresh randomness, but state-of-the-art higher-order designs still require a significant number of random bits per encryption. Attempts to reduce the randomness however often result in a considerable latency overhead, which is not favorable in practice. This raises the need for AES designs offering a decent performance tradeoff, which are efficient both in terms of required randomness and latency.In this work, we present a second-order AES design with the minimal number of three shares, requiring only 3 200 random bits per encryption at a latency of 5 cycles per round. Our design represents a significant improvement compared to state-of-the-art designs that require more randomness and/or have a higher latency. The core of the design is an optimized 5-cycle AES S-box which needs 78 bits of fresh randomness. We use this S-box to construct a round-based AES design, for which we present a concept for sharing randomness across the S-boxes based on the changing of the guards (COTG) technique. We assess the security of our design in the probing model using a formal verification tool. Furthermore, we evaluate the practical side-channel resistance on an FPGA.
Research on the Investigation and Countermeasures of Cyber Violence on College Students

As the main place for human entertainment, the hidden problems of network platform are becoming increasingly obvious, among which cyber violence is one of the most typical problems at present. It is of great research significance to deeply understand the negative impact of cyber violence on college students' online ideological and political education. Based on investigation, research and consulting materials, this paper will start with the related concepts of cyber violence, explore the specific manifestations and main reasons of cyber violence, and analyze the impact of cyber violence on different groups. Finally, according to the questionnaire and the induction and summary of relevant knowledge, combined with the actual situation of China's colleges and universities, it will deeply analyze how to better solve the problem of cyber violence, so as to achieve the purpose of scientific and effective governance of cyber violence in colleges and universities.
Quasi-linear masking against SCA and FIA, with cost amortization

The implementation of cryptographic algorithms must be protected against physical attacks. Side-channel and fault injection analyses are two prominent such implementation-level attacks. Protections against either do exist. Against sidechannel attacks, they are characterized by SNI security orders: the higher the order, the more difficult the attack.In this paper, we leverage fast discrete Fourier transform to reduce the complexity of high-order masking. The security paradigm is that of code-based masking. Coding theory is amenable both to mask material at a prescribed order, by mixing the information, and to detect and/or correct errors purposely injected by an attacker. For the first time, we show that quasi-linear masking (pioneered by Goudarzi, Joux and Rivain at ASIACRYPT 2018) can be achieved alongside with cost amortisation. This technique consists in masking several symbols/bytes with the same masking material, therefore improving the efficiency of the masking. We provide a security proof, leveraging both coding and probing security arguments. Regarding fault detection, our masking is capable of detecting up to d faults, where 2d + 1 is the length of the code, at any place of the algorithm, including within gadgets. In addition to the theory, that makes use of the Frobenius Additive Fast Fourier Transform, we show performance results, in a C language implementation, which confirms in practice that the complexity is quasi-linear in the code length.
Gadget-based Masking of Streamlined NTRU Prime Decapsulation in Hardware

Streamlined NTRU Prime is a lattice-based Key Encapsulation Mechanism (KEM) that is, together with X25519, the default algorithm in OpenSSH 9. Based on lattice assumptions, it is assumed to be secure also against attackers with access to&lt; large-scale quantum computers. While Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) schemes have been subject to extensive research in recent years, challenges remain with respect to protection mechanisms against attackers that have additional side-channel information, such as the power consumption of a device processing secret data. As a countermeasure to such attacks, masking has been shown to be a promising and effective approach. For public-key schemes, including any recent PQC schemes, usually, a mixture of Boolean and arithmetic techniques is applied on an algorithmic level. Our generic hardware implementation of Streamlined NTRU Prime decapsulation, however, follows an idea that until now was assumed to be solely applicable efficiently to symmetric cryptography: gadget-based masking. The hardware design is transformed into a secure implementation by replacing each gate with a composable secure gadget that operates on uniform random shares of secret values. In our work, we show the feasibility of applying this approach also to PQC schemes and present the first Public-Key Cryptography (PKC) – pre- and post-quantum – implementation masked with the gadget-based approach considering several trade-offs and design choices. By the nature of gadget-based masking, the implementation can be instantiated at arbitrary masking order. We synthesize our implementation both for Artix-7 Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and 45nm Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), yielding practically feasible results regarding the area, randomness requirement, and latency. We verify the side-channel security of our implementation using formal verification on the one hand, and practically using Test Vector Leakage Assessment (TVLA) on the other. Finally, we also analyze the applicability of our concept to Kyber and Dilithium, which will be standardized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
SEV-Step A Single-Stepping Framework for AMD-SEV

The ever increasing popularity and availability of Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) had a stark influence on microarchitectural attack research in academia, as their strong attacker model both boosts existing attack vectors and introduces several new ones. While many works have focused on Intel SGX, other TEEs like AMD SEV have recently also started to receive more attention. A common technique when attacking SGX enclaves is single-stepping, where the system’s APIC timer is used to interrupt the enclave after every instruction. Single-stepping increases the temporal resolution of subsequent microarchitectural attacks to a maximum. A key driver in the proliferation of this complex attack technique was the SGX-Step framework, which offered a stable reference implementation for single-stepping and a relatively easy setup. In this paper, we demonstrate that SEV VMs can also be reliably single-stepped. To lay the foundation for further microarchitectural attack research against SEV, we introduce the reusable SEV-Step framework. Besides reliable single-stepping, SEV-Step provides easy access to common attack primitives like page fault tracking and cache attacks against SEV. All features can be used interactively from user space. We demonstrate SEV-Step’s capabilities by carrying out an end-toend cache attack against SEV that leaks the volume key of a LUKS2-encrypted disk. Finally, we show for the first time that SEV is vulnerable to Nemesis-style attacks, which allow to extract information about the type and operands of single-stepped instructions from SEV-protected VMs.
Information Theory: Critical Analysis and Theory Construction

This paper covers a review of theory construction, a critical analysis of prior ‘information theory’, and an attempt in information theory construction. The outcome includes a theoretical statement and supporting propositions.
Quantile: Quantifying Information Leakage

The masking countermeasure is very effective against side-channel attacks such as differential power analysis. However, the design of masked circuits is a challenging problem since one has to ensure security while minimizing performance overheads. The security of masking is often studied in the t-probing model, and multiple formal verification tools can verify this notion. However, these tools generally cannot verify large masked computations due to computational complexity.We introduce a new verification tool named Quantile, which performs randomized simulations of the masked circuit in order to bound the mutual information between the leakage and the secret variables. Our approach ensures good scalability with the circuit size and results in proven statistical security bounds. Further, our bounds are quantitative and, therefore, more nuanced than t-probing security claims: by bounding the amount of information contained in the lower-order leakage, Quantile can evaluate the security provided by masking even when they are not 1-probing secure, i.e., when they are classically considered as insecure. As an example, we apply Quantile to masked circuits of Prince and AES, where randomness is aggressively reused.
The True and the False

In this chapter, we will dive a bit deeper into a property of state-of-the-art language models, which was shortly discussed earlier: the sentence created by a language model and thus also the answer that a chatbot might provide are only most likely to be a good result. We will also look at some other chatbot architectures, which have been used over the years. In particular, we will consider the example of ELIZA, one of the first chatbots created in the 1960s. In the last part of the chapter, we will investigate evaluation metrics for machine learning models. These metrics help us identify whether a given model is working well.
Comparison of Clusterization of Higher Education Institutions in Regions XII Maluku and North Maluku based on the Science and Technology Index (Sinta)

This research aims to analyze the comparison of clustering results of universities based on data sourced from the Science and Technology Index (Sinta). The analysis results will serve as a guide for all higher education institutions in the XII Maluku and North Maluku regions to improve their performance in the three pillars of higher education to achieve better clustering. This study was conducted by extracting Sinta data from the years 2019 to 2021. The research results show that based on the Total All Score, the universities in Maluku are ranked in descending order from the highest to the lowest score. The main cluster is occupied by Pattimura University with a total score of 16.04, followed by State Polytechnic of Ambon with a total score of 13.45. In the middle cluster, we have Indonesian Christian University of Maluku with a total score of 9.19, and in the basic cluster, we have Darussalam Ambon University with a total score of 6.62, Maluku Husada Health Sciences Institute with a total score of 4.79, Doktor Husni Ingratubun Tual University with a total score of 2.5, and Institute of Technology and Business, Ambon School of Computer Science with a total score of 2.37. As for North Maluku, the universities are ranked in descending order from the highest to the lowest score. The main cluster is led by Universitas Kharun with a total score of 14.01. In the middle cluster, we have Muhammadiyah University of North Maluku with a total score of 11.62, and Halmahera University with a total score of 9.45. In the basic cluster, we have Nuku University with a total score of 5.45, Pasifik Morotai University with a total score of 5.3, Hein Namotemo University with a total score of 4.63, and Bumi Hijrah University Tidore with a total score of 3.31