Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Visualizing Language Lexical Similarity Clusters: A Case Study of Indonesian Ethnic Languages

Language similarity clusters are useful for computational linguistic researches that rely on language similarity or cognate recognition. The existing language similarity clustering approach which utilizes hierarchical clustering and k-means clustering has difficulty in creating clusters with a middle range of language similarity. Moreover, it lacks an interactive visualization that user can explore. To address these issues, we formalize a graph-based approach of creating and visualizing language lexical similarity clusters by utilizing ASJP database to generate the language similarity matrix, then formalize the data as an undirected graph. To create the clusters, we apply a connected components algorithm with a threshold of language similarity range. Our interactive online tool allows a user to dynamically create new clusters by changing the threshold of language similarity range and explore the data based on language similarity range and number of speakers. We provide an implementation example of our approach to 119 Indonesian ethnic languages. The experiment result shows that for the case of low system execution burden, the system performance was quite stable. For the case of high system execution burden, despite the fluctuated performance, the response times were still below 25 seconds, which is considered acceptable.
The relevance of tailored terminologies for large scale international projects

Within DRIVER+ a terminology was developed including the most relevant terms and definitions applied within the project. This terminology was dedicated to enhancing shared understanding within the project team as well as to support an improved understanding of the output of the project in the broader crisis and disaster management community. This paper describes how the project terminology was built based on existing terminologies and the added value of such an approach.
A Study on the Factors Affecting the Performance of Interior Projects : Focusing on the Priority Recognition of Communication Quality Factors

In this study, through an AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis, the internal construction project was designed to analyze the factors affecting the performance of the project and provide suggestions on the quality of communication. To carry out this study, a selection factor was selected by referring to AHP theory and existing prior research. AHP technique was used to collect weights after analysis, examine and analyze gaps. In the interior construction project, the most important factor among the factors influencing the quality of communication to the project performance was communication interaction. Among the sub-factors, accuracy of exchange of information and timeliness of communication were shown in the order of importance. Looking at the results of comprehensive analysis of the first and second layers, the accuracy of information exchange among the elements of communication quality was found to be the number 1 in weight. The timeliness of communication, which is ranked second, and communication that takes place at an appropriate time can lead to efficiency in shortening the project execution period by eliminating unnecessary work. And, Among the factors that affect communication quality, it was analyzed that communication method is not an important factor when compared to other factors. This study shows that quality of communication influences the performance of interior construction projects and provides suggestions for improving communication quality. And it has been confirmed that managing communication quality can act as an important issue that can improve business performance in project execution and production of results.
Communicating earthquake information to the public in Italy: ten years of INGVterremoti

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Communicating earthquake scientific information is very important in countries like Italy, where seismic sequences are frequent, seismic risk is high, and people&amp;amp;#8217;s perception of risk is strongly affected by fear.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;After the 2009 earthquake in L&amp;amp;#8217;Aquila (central Italy), which claimed 309 casualties and triggered a long lasting dispute among scientists, journalists, citizens, including a suite of criminal and civil trials involving scientists and civil protection officers, the scientific and risk communication in Italy (not only on earthquakes) was facing a crossroad. The first choice (feared at that time by many reporters) was to minimize or even elude public communication, in order to avoid misunderstandings and involvement in litigations. The second possibility was to increase the efforts in public communication, getting closer to citizens. INGV definitely opted for the second choice. In the past ten years the INGVterremoti platform has augmented and differentiated its activities on the web and social media, substantially increasing the number of involved people, which amounts today to several hundreds thousand. The platform consists of a coordinated suite of social media channels, including Facebook, Twitter, Youtube and a blog (on wordpress), where we publish both updating during earthquake sequences and scientific topics. Our end users are mostly citizens, but also media and authorities. Our tweets on earthquake activity are often in the first pages of web and TV news magazines.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In September 2018, we started publishing automatic locations/magnitudes for earthquakes in Italy with magnitude equal to or larger than 3, after a careful analysis of the thresholds and of the best format to use, in order to warrant message understandability and to minimize false or incorrect information. This issue is very critical both to provide the best and fastest information to citizens, and to increase people&amp;amp;#8217;s trust in scientific information and institutions. These are often blamed by citizens and by media when contradictory information is offered to the public. We will present an analysis of the first 18 months of this testing phase, which has been widely appreciated by the public.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Analysis on the Effect of College Student Aid Policy in South Korea(Ⅱ): Focusing on National Scholarship Program

이 연구는 국가장학금의 정책 효과를 실증적으로 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 2010GOMS∼2017GOMS의 8개년도 데이터를 토대로 국가장학금정책 설명변수를 저소득층 장학금 도입이전집단(2009년이전 입학자), 저소득층 장학금 시행시기집단(2009-2011년 입학자), 국가장학금 시행시기집단(2012년이후 입학자)으로 구성하고, 대학선택 개선효과, 휴학 감소 효과, 학업 효과, 취업 효과 네 가지 측면에서 국가장학금의 정책효과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 소득 중간분위 이하 대학생에 대한 대학선택 개선효과의 경우, 전문대학 선택비율이 증가하고 고교-대학 소재지 일치도에 유의미한 변화가 없었다는 점에서 실효성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 국가장학금의 휴학 학기 감소효과와 학업성적 향상효과는 매우 큰 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로, 국가장학금의 취업성과 제고 효과는 미취업 대비 비상용직 근로자 증가 정도로 매우 제한적인 수준에서 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 토대로, 첫째, 총 교육비가 아닌 등록금 지원 중심의 국가장학금을 생활비까지 포함한 총 교육비에 대한 지원으로 확대할 필요가 있다는 점과, 둘째, 대학생들의 대학교육에 대한 수요 분석 결과를 토대로 국가장학금정책을 재구조화할 것과, 끝으로 국가장학금 Ⅱ유형 ‘대학연계형 장학금’의 경우 단순히 등록금 동결이나 인하가 아니라 일정 부분 대학교육의 만족도를 높이기 위한 노력과 연계하여 지원을 확대하는 방안을 적용할 것을 제안하였다.This study aims to empirically analyze the policy effects of National Scholarship Program. To this end, the explanatory variables of the National Scholarship Policy are composed of non-beneficiary groups(for those enrolled before 2009), partial beneficiary groups(for those enrolled in 2009-2011), and complete beneficiary groups(for those enrolled after 2012), based on the data of 2010GOMS∼2017GOMS. In addition, the policy effects of National Scholarships were analyzed in four aspects: improving university selection, reducing leave of absence, academic effect, and employment effect. The results of study are as follows: First, the effect of improving college selection for college students below the median income was not effective. Second, it was found that the effect of reducing the leave of absence semester and improving the academic performance of the national scholarship was very large. Finally, the effect of improving the employment performance of the national scholarship was at a very limited level, with the increase of non-employed workers compared to unemployed. Based on the above research results, three implications were presented. First, it is necessary to expand the National Scholarship centered on tuition support, to support for total education expenses including living expenses. Second, it is necessary to restructure the national scholarship policy based on the results of the analysis of the demand for university education of college students. Finally, In the case of national scholarship Ⅱ type “university-linked scholarships,” it was suggested to apply a plan to expand support in connection with efforts to increase the satisfaction of university education, not simply freezing or lowering tuition fees.
Open Record: Virtually (In)Accessible

The last seven months has changed the way we get information - from public meetings to open records - so, why should that matter to you? This edition of Open Record digs into the freedom of information and how the changes have affected both journalists and the public.
EXPLORING THE READING ENGAGEMENT OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY

This study was conducted to explore vocational students’ reading engagement during the teaching and learning process at one of vocational high school in Surakarta . This study examined students’ reading engagement based on the three dimensions of reading (affective, behavioral, and cognitive) and investigated more details of each aspect. In conducting this study, the researcher used Case Study as the research methodology. The data of the study were collected through observation, questionnaire, interview, and document. The subjects of this study were 35 students of Class XI Administrasi Perkantoran 1 . The results of the study indicated that reading engagement was established by the three dimensions, each dimension consists of some components based on the reader’s feeling, attitude, and ability to comprehend a text. The finding also revealed that students’ identity as vocational high school students determined their text choice, as well as their reading behavior and strategy. It can be concluded that the three dimensions of reading engagement influenced the way a reader comprehends the text by developing their motivation, using strategic knowledge, constructing meaning from text, and interacting with other readers when reading.
Generation of heralded entangled photon combs at telecom wavelength with rubidium Rydberg atom cavity QED

We proposed a protocol to generate entangled photon-comb pairs using rubidium Rydberg atoms inside an optical cavity. Rydberg blockade isolates a single excitation and the heralding enables non-destructive detection of the presence of photon-pairs.
Conducting Elections During a Pandemic

At the beginning of 2020, many believed that the biggest threat to our elections was foreign interference, consistent with disinformation campaigns launched by our adversaries. But even with this lingering threat, it was expected that voter turnout in the 2020 presidential election would break records – perhaps even reaching the highest level of turnout since the nation saw more than 65% of eligible voters participate in the election of 1908, over a century ago (USEP, 2020). The onset of the pandemic brought much uncertainty, as election officials faced unprecedented challenges, unsettled law, and diminishing resources, while voters were torn between concern about our democracy and fear of contracting COVID-19. Widespread shortages of poll workers and safe polling locations, rushed transitions to mail voting, and insufficient funding could not diminish the democratic spirit, however, and we’ve seen primary turnout break records in some states. Most experts in the field believe that we should plan for the highest turnout in generations this fall, even as we expect that restrictions and fears due to the pandemic will be in full force. What’s also apparent, however, is that law, policy, and perhaps most importantly, administrative and informational practices in our highly decentralized administration of elections are not yet fully equipped to facilitate safe, secure, and convenient voting for 150 million Americans in the midst of a global health crisis. And while solutions like expanding mail voting will be necessary, no one solution will solve this problem, nor will all states find themselves able to offer the same options to all voters. We will need a multifaceted approach including easy mail voting, a massive recruitment of new poll workers to allow for safe and convenient in-person voting, and an unparalleled voter education effort to meet this challenge.This paper was prepared as part of Assessing Legal Responses to COVID-19, a comprehensive report published by Public Health Law Watch in partnership with the de Beaumont Foundation and the American Public Health Association.
Research Guides: Sustainable Access to Scholarship: Springer

This guide outlines how the library will seek to identify a model of access to scholarly content that meets research and instructional needs as well as is fiscally sustainable.
A Study on Students’ Perceptions of the Use of Different Types of Songs in EFL Classrooms

This study focused on the perceptions of the use of different types of songs on Korean EFL students in language learning. For this study, two other variables, proficiency and gender, were also examined. In the study, 197 undergraduate students took part. All participants were taking an English course at a university in Korea. The three types of songs-pop songs, children’s songs, and movie songs-were used in class for nine weeks in 2019. A perception survey about stress, confidence, and interest in EFL learning was carried out. A one-way ANOVA was utilized to compare the participants’ perceptions and learning through the three different types of songs. Findings revealed significant difference between children’s songs and pop songs regarding stress. There were also significant differences in confidence and interest depending on proficiency levels. Participants’ gender also affected stress levels during the use of songs for English learning. This study shed light on the use of songs in the EFL context with a more comprehensive view of students’ reactions and preferences towards the different types of songs. Limitations of the study were suggested at the end of the paper.
Email attacks : Investigation about the vulnerability of the Swedish organizations against email threats.

Email is an essential form of communication for organizations. Nevertheless, with so much popularity came many challenges. These emails usually carry sensitive data that might cause significant har ...
Active Region-Based Full-Disc Solar Image Hashing

The main components of the Solar activity are solar flares, coronal mass ejections, high-speed solar wind, and solar energetic particles. Solar flares impact the Earth when they occur on the side facing our planet.
Robust Spoken Language Understanding with RL-Based Value Error Recovery

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) aims to extract structured semantic representations (e.g., slot-value pairs) from speech recognized texts, which suffers from errors of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). To alleviate the problem caused by ASR-errors, previous works may apply input adaptations to the speech recognized texts, or correct ASR errors in predicted values by searching the most similar candidates in pronunciation. However, these two methods are applied separately and independently. In this work, we propose a new robust SLU framework to guide the SLU input adaptation with a rule-based value error recovery module. The framework consists of a slot tagging model and a rule-based value error recovery module. We pursue on an adapted slot tagging model which can extract potential slot-value pairs mentioned in ASR hypotheses and is suitable for the existing value error recovery module. After the value error recovery, we can achieve a supervision signal (reward) by comparing refined slot-value pairs with annotations. Since operations of the value error recovery are non-differentiable, we exploit policy gradient based Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize the SLU model. Extensive experiments on the public CATSLU dataset show the effectiveness of our proposed approach, which can improve the robustness of SLU and outperform the baselines by significant margins.
Η επιστήμη της μηχανικής μάθησης

The subject of this diploma thesis is the study of the science of machine learning. More specifically, it will particularly be described what the science of machine learning is. In addition, the different methodologies that are used for the solution of the objects of study that this science deals with as well as the most important algorithms that are implemented will be further analyzed. Finally, Matlab (Matrix Laboratory) software will be used in order to implement the algorithms.
Nieuwe inzichten over het voorzetselvoorwerp

New insights on the prepositional object An influential article by Hans Broekhuis in Nederlandse Taalkunde 9 (2004) treated PP complements (type He thought of her all day) in Dutch. It contained sharp observations, intriguing hypotheses and a somewhat puzzling classification of the verbs allowing these complements. It provoked a lively discussion, on matters such as the number of possible PP complements in one sentence, the value of distinctive criteria such as an isolation test with en doet dat, the functional status of the preposition. Broekhuis’ generative-style syntactic reasoning at times clashed with approaches inspired by form/content analysis, valency theory and constructional grammar. In all, the original contribution to this journal and the subsequent discussion brought new and interesting insights in this traditionally hard-to-deal-with syntactic category.
Dialog State Tracking with Incorporation of Target Values in Attention Models

This paper proposes a fully data-driven approach to dialog state tracking (DST) that can handle new slot values not seen during training. The approach is based on a long short-term memory recurrent neural network with an attention mechanism. Unlike with conventional attention mechanisms, we use encoded user utterances and a hypothesis for the slot value (the target value) to calculate attention weights. In addition, while conventional attention mechanisms focus on words that correspond to trained values, the proposed attention mechanism focuses on words that correspond to a target value. Therefore, the DST model can detect unseen values by adding values to the hypothesis as target values. The proposed approach is evaluated using the second and the third Dialog State Tracking Challenge datasets. Evaluation results show that the proposed method improves 10.3 points on unseen slot values.
Why Forensic Science Is In Crisis and How We Can Fix It

Professor Ruth Morgan (UCL Security & Crime Science) writes about the misinterpretation of forensic evidence and the issues that this causes for the criminal justice system.
Federation-Level Agreement and Integrity-Based Managed Cloud Federation Architecture

One of the biggest challenges in cloud federations is how to express the federation level agreement (FLA) and voluntary aspect of the federation members and maintain the integrity of the organization. However, existing works are not able to present the cloud federation management aspect or implement these properties that distinguish cloud federation from other inter-cloud organizations. This paper bridges this gap by proposing a managed cloud federation architecture based on this subset of properties. The key component of this architecture is the federation manager that controls, tracks, evaluates, and predicts the behavior of the federation. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the approach, the authors developed the Managed Federation Simulator to implement the proposed federation architecture on the SmartFed simulator and evaluate it through a set of scenarios on a real case study.
Software Estimation Framework for Packaged Products

Packaged products play a major role in successful implementation of various software projects. Many of the software solutions are built around packaged products. In this paper, the authors propose a novel “software packaged product estimation framework” for an end to end estimation framework for estimating effort for packaged products. The software packaged product estimation framework provides end to end estimation coverage for various project lifecycle stages and supporting activities. The software packaged product estimation framework was used to predict the effort for two projects with MMRE of 0.261 and pred(0.3) of 66.67%.
IDENTIFICATION OF STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABILITY OF SMALL SCALE BUSINESSES BY TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS' GRADUATES IN KWARA STATE NIGERIA

The study examined the strategies for sustainable development of small scale businesses by tertiary institutions' graduates in Kwara State Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was used for the study. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study comprised all business educators at tertiary institutions which were 52 and 30 registered small scale enterprises, in Ilorin metropolis of Kwara State, making the population of the study 82 in number as at the time o f the study A structured questionnaire with 32 items was used to generate data from respondents. The instrument was validated by four business educators and four registered entrepreneurs in Ilorin metropolis of Kwara State. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer data related to research questions, while t - test statistic was used to test the two null hypotheses of the study at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study identified the strategies for sustainable development of small scale e nterprises needed by tertiary Institutions' graduates in Kwara state. The study equally revealed the positive impacts accruable from sustainable development of small scale businesses. It was recommended among others that the government and stake holders sh ould create awareness of the identified strategies and positive impacts accruable from sustainable development of small scale businesses, and also ensure that these strategies are impacted to entrepreneurs, particularly the young ones and those that just g raduated from tertiary Institutions, through trainings, seminars and workshops, before encouraging them into entrepreneurship, so as to equip them with the necessary strategies needed to sustain their businesses, thereby making them succeed in the world of business
Injury by Algorithms

Online reputational injury can occur in a number of ways; and one way is through the use of algorithms that pervade the Internet. The Internet is comprised of complex technologies that enable the dissemination of information rapidly, providing global reach in a matter of seconds through the click of a button. The Internet provides robust public discourse over a gamut of topics in real-time and allows individuals from different parts of the world to interact with one another while preserving some sense of anonymity (that is, if they so choose). Many online communications stem from one piece of content that is regurgitated and redistributed on multiple platforms. For example, consider the social application Twitter. Twitter allows individuals to transmit bite-sized pieces of data among millions of users. Twitter has surprisingly become an outlet for a recent US President, and the fact that the public has direct access to a sitting President in this manner is undoubtedly incredible. Further, the Internet emboldens individuals to act behind the shield of a screen. There is little cost to spreading information, ideas, and gossip online, with seemingly few ramifications. Despite what may be perceived as a few keystrokes that have an ephemeral impact, content on the Internet has a tendency of permanence.