Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
SPEEDNet: Salient Pyramidal Enhancement Encoder-Decoder Network for  Colonoscopy Images

Accurate identification and precise delineation of regions of significance, such as tumors or lesions, is a pivotal goal in medical imaging analysis. This paper proposes SPEEDNet, a novel architecture for precisely segmenting lesions within colonoscopy images. SPEEDNet uses a novel block named Dilated-Involutional Pyramidal Convolution Fusion (DIPC). A DIPC block combines the dilated involution layers pairwise into a pyramidal structure to convert the feature maps into a compact space. This lowers the total number of parameters while improving the learning of representations across an optimal receptive field, thereby reducing the blurring effect. On the EBHISeg dataset, SPEEDNet outperforms three previous networks: UNet, FeedNet, and AttesResDUNet. Specifically, SPEEDNet attains an average dice score of 0.952 and a recall of 0.971. Qualitative results and ablation studies provide additional insights into the effectiveness of SPEEDNet. The model size of SPEEDNet is 9.81 MB, significantly smaller than that of UNet (22.84 MB), FeedNet(185.58 MB), and AttesResDUNet (140.09 MB).
Blockchain-Based Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning for Mobile Crowdsourcing

Mobile crowdsourcing (MCS) is an emerging paradigm that enables the outsourcing of a complex task to a group of mobile devices. The ability to utilize the collective power of mobile devices and human intelligence makes MCS a significant tool in various scenarios. Nevertheless, it faces practical challenge in protecting user privacy due to the sensitive nature of information collected by mobile devices. Additionally, the inherent openness of MSC and the heterogeneity of mobile devices raise reliability concerns among participants. To address these challenges, by integrating Federated Learning with the pairwise additive masking technique and the Chinese Remainder Theorem, we propose a Blockchain-based Privacy-preserving Federated Learning (BPFL) framework for mobile crowdsourcing, which allows mobile participants to collaboratively solve a crowdsourced machine learning task while preserving privacy. Besides, it employs blockchain technology to record the training process in a transparent and tamper-proof ledger. This ledger guarantees the verifiability of aggregation results and the fair distribution of training rewards, thereby enhancing trust and fairness. We prove that our BPFL supports privacy protection and trust mechanism simultaneously and resists inference and collusion attacks. Experimental results show that our BPFL can achieve high performance in terms of computation cost, communication cost and model accuracy, which is friendly for mobile users with resource-constrained devices in MCS ecosystems.
Policy Implications According to Perception Attitude of a Group of Experts including Police Officials on the Jeju-type Autonomous Police System

In order for the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province's autonomous police system to be successfully established, it is necessary to closely analyze the operation details in the early stages of the implementation of the autonomous police system to derive various operational issues and limitations.&#x0D; In this study, the Jeju Autonomous Police Commission and Jeju Autonomous Police officials, the most central operators of the Jeju Autonomous Police System, were empirically analyzed to find the operation status, problems, and rational improvement measures.&#x0D; As a result of the study, the survey subjects have the most positive perception of the Jeju Autonomous Police Committee, followed by the operation and management of the Jeju Autonomous Police System, and the performance of the Jeju Autonomous Police System.&#x0D; On the contrary, it was also found that the general performance of the Jeju autonomous police system was evaluated the most negatively, so there were also questions about the effectiveness of the Jeju autonomous police system.&#x0D; In particular, the average value is only about 30 points in the field of performance, operation, and management of the Jeju Autonomous Police System, so it seems necessary to improve the overall system and operation of the Jeju Autonomous Police Committee. In addition, since it appears to be very negatively aware of the performance of the Jeju Autonomous Police and the relationship between the National Police and the Autonomous Police, intensive efforts to improve these problems should be made.
The Impact of Parental Support and Interest Learning for the Result of Grade VIII SMP Negeri 12 Pematang Siantar Year 2023/2024

This research aims to obtain knowledge regarding the influence of parental support and interest in learning on the learning achievement of Class VIII students at SMP Negeri 12 Pematang Siantar for the 2023/2024 academic year.This type of research is quantitative research with a quantitative descriptive data analysis approach with the testing media used is SPSS 21. The population in this study was 277 people, and the sample used was 163 people. The sample collection technique used was Proportionate Stratified Random sampling. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. The hypothesis data collection technique uses multiple regression analysis and the coefficient of determination (R2). The results of this study state that: 1) there is a positive influence of learning achievement on learning discipline. This result can be seen in the t test where the t value of parental support (5.657) &gt; t table value (1.65437). 2) there is a positive influence of interest in learning on learning achievement. This result can be seen in the t test where the t value of interest in learning (5.689) &gt; t table value (1.65437) which means this variable is significant. 3) parental support and interest in learning together influence learning achievement. This result can be seen in the F test where the Fcount value (1441.624) &gt; Ftable value (3.05). The R Square coefficient of determination test was found to be 0.947, which means that 94.7% of the variables are the influence of parental support and interest in learning on the learning achievement of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 12 Pematang Siantar and 6.3% is the influence of other variables that were not examined in this research.
Creative Innovation Research on the Ethnic Song and Dance Drama "Terraces Riding Over Clouds"

This paper takes the ethnic song and dance drama "Terraces riding over clouds" as the research object, aiming to explore its creative innovation as an ethnic song and dance drama. The plot revolves around Long Guoliang, a young Buyi man who returns to his hometown upon completing his studies and, under the guidance of the first secretary stationed in the village, uses big data to build "cloud-based" terraced fields, contributing to rural revitalization. The drama integrates elements of technology, ethnic culture, and rural revitalization, demonstrating innovative choreography techniques in ethnic minority song and dance dramas in China. Through an analysis of the creative elements, stage design, and performance format of the production, this paper delves into the artistic expression and social concerns that feature innovatively in "Terraces riding over clouds." The paper examines the vivid portrayal of characters and the clever arrangement of the plot by the director, analyzing how the artistic work closely combines reality and presents an artistic piece that is both thoughtful and aesthetically appealing. In the research process, this paper also focuses on the series of awards received by "Terraces riding over clouds" Through this case, the paper attempts to propose considerations regarding the artistic creation of ethnic song and dance dramas in rural areas. Through in-depth study, "Terraces riding over clouds," as an original ethnic minority song and dance drama, has not only set an artistic precedent for the creation and choreography of ethnic song and dance dramas in China but has also provided a new model for the artistic expression of rural revitalization in China.
КНИЖАРНИЦИ В ШУМЕН ОТ КРАЯ НА XIX ДО 20-ТЕ ГОДИНИ НА ХХ ВЕК

Shumen is one of the cities that after 1878 became the center of Bulgarian book publishing. By 1944, there had been 32 printing presses, which became a prerequisite for the opening of bookstores in the city. The article focuses on the activity of bookstores in Shumen in the period from the end of the 19th century to 1920s, paying attention to the book publishing in the period under review.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO ASSISTED TEACHING PROGRAM FOR ENHANCING KNOWLEDGE REGARDING ROAD SAFETY REGULATIONS AMONG THE HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

Bacbackground Of The Study:- According to WHO, 8 August 2016 Globally road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among young people aged 15-19 years and second leading cause among 5-14year olds.90% of world's road traffic fatalities occur in developing countries. It is in this background that the UN General Assembly has declared 2011 to 2020 as the "Decade of Action for Road Safety” which seeks to halt the increasing trends in road traffic deaths and injuries worldwide India has the dubious distinction of the country with the highest number of road accident fatalities Puducherry has the second highest number of road accidents after Delhi among the union territories while Tamil Nadu accounts for 14.5% of total road accident cases in the country. Bringing about behavioral change among young adults with regard to road safety starting from their schooling years would go a long way in bringing down morbidity and mortality due to road accidents.The number of registered motor vehicles in India is increasing by 12% each year and is projected to increase from 112 million in 2010 to 500–600 million by 2014. The increasing motorization is likely to have huge implications for air quality, road traffic injuries and physical activity. Road accident causes injuries, fatalities, disabilities and affects children growth and development
Evaluation of Satisfaction of Residents in Spongy Reconstruction of Old Community based on Social Network Analysis

In order to improve the popularity of sponge city construction, urban rainwater storage capacity and urban toughness, and improve the waterlogging problem in urban built-up areas of old residential areas, this project, combined with the background of urbanization construction, intends to construct an evaluation index system from the satisfaction of residents in the reconstruction of old residential areas in three aspects: resident benefit, reconstruction effect, and facility construction and maintenance. Taking a community in Bengbu City as an example, social network analysis is used to analyze the factors affecting residents' satisfaction, further explore the residents' willingness to participate in different situations, and put forward targeted suggestions to improve the level of renovation of the old community and residents' satisfaction.
Pedagogy Designing With Augmented Reality: a Paradigm Shift in Educational Approaches

With Augmented Reality (AR) emerging as a revolutionary tool that reshapes conventional learning paradigms, the fusion of technology and education has given rise to creative educational approaches. This essay offers a thorough examination of augmented reality's place in education, highlighting its potential to improve pedagogy, engage students, and fundamentally alter the educational landscape. The essay starts by defining augmented reality as a link between the real and virtual worlds that provides an immersive and interactive learning experience. It explores the many uses of augmented reality, including anatomy classes with 3D interactive models and historical reenactments that take pupils back in time. These case studies show how augmented reality encourages participation, improves comprehension, and contextualizes learning materials. The fundamental ideas that underpin successful AR-enhanced schooling are presented in this study. It places a strong emphasis on scaffolding learning experiences, interaction, contextual relevance, and alignment with learning objectives. The difficulties of deploying AR are also discussed, giving educators ideas for a successful integration. These difficulties include technology infrastructure, educator training, content quality, and economic considerations. The research focuses on the potential of augmented reality to foster active learning. The relationship between augmented reality (AR) and active learning is examined, emphasizing the ways in which AR supports collaborative activities, problem-solving, and individualized learning paths. By imagining the role that augmented reality (AR) will play in future education, including personalized learning, virtual field excursions, mixed reality collaboration, and AI-driven adaptive learning, the essay demonstrates the revolutionary power of AR. The ethical challenges surrounding AR in the classroom are also covered, with a focus on the importance of addressing data protection, digital literacy, and responsible technology use. In order to prepare students for the challenges of a connected world while nurturing a lifetime love of learning, the study finishes by presenting augmented reality as a cornerstone of educational design. In essence, this article offers a thorough analysis of Augmented Reality's effects on education, highlighting its potential to transform pedagogy, improve learning opportunities, and influence the direction of education in the future. Educators are given a comprehensive grasp of how to use augmented reality to build immersive, successful learning environments by looking at case studies, design principles, difficulties, and future prospects
Slime mould algorithm based approaches to solve traffic insurance gross premiums of Türkiye

Highway traffic injuries are a major public health problem for all nations. As it is seen in the whole world, also in Türkiye, road traffic crashes are among the ones that cause death. As a result, road traffic congestion and fatalities represent a significant cost to national economies. The compulsory motor vehicle liability insurance is one of the most common types of insurance, both because it is compulsory and because the number of motor vehicles in Türkiye is very high. Therefore, estimation of the traffic insurance gross premiums (TIGP) problem is being an important problem for Türkiye as well as the other countries. In this study, in order to make some proper TIGP estimations for Türkiye, three different SMA methods such as SMA-Linear, SMA-Quadratic and SMA-Exponential are proposed. In the experiments, the population, number of vehicles and number of accidents and the observed TIGP historical data records of Türkiye taken from Turkish statistical institute (TUIK) and Turkish insurance association (TSB) for the years (2009-2020) have been used. First, the models are constructed using the SMA-Linear, SMA-Quadratic and SMA-Exponential methods, and then the methods based on the SMA-Linear, SMA-Quadratic and SMA-Exponential models are used to estimate the TIGP values for the years (2009-2020). According to the experimental results, SMA-Quadratic methods is produced better or comparable performance on the problem dealt with this study in terms of solution quality and robustness.
Trust, But Verify: A Survey of Randomized Smoothing Techniques

Machine learning models have demonstrated remarkable success across diverse domains but remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Empirical defence mechanisms often fall short, as new attacks constantly emerge, rendering existing defences obsolete. A paradigm shift from empirical defences to certification-based defences has been observed in response. Randomized smoothing has emerged as a promising technique among notable advancements. This study reviews the theoretical foundations, empirical effectiveness, and applications of randomized smoothing in verifying machine learning classifiers. We provide an in-depth exploration of the fundamental concepts underlying randomized smoothing, highlighting its theoretical guarantees in certifying robustness against adversarial perturbations. Additionally, we discuss the challenges of existing methodologies and offer insightful perspectives on potential solutions. This paper is novel in its attempt to systemise the existing knowledge in the context of randomized smoothing.
Sintesis Nanokomposit Kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 Sebagai Fotokatalis untuk Mendegradasi Zat Warna Methylene Blue

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang sintesis nanokomposit kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 dengan variasi volume larutan AgNO3 serta aplikasinya sebagai fotokatalis untuk mendegradasi methylene blue. Nanokomposit yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Hasil karakterisasi tersebut membuktikan terbentuknya nanokomposit kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4. Analisis aktivitas fotodegradasi dilakukan melalui penentuan konsentrasi methylene blue yang tersisa setelah interaksi dengan nanokomposit kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 yang disinari lampu pijar selama 30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan fotodegradasi dengan menggunakan nanokomposit lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa penambahan nanokomposit. Research has been carried out on the synthesis of chitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposites with varying volumes of AgNO3 solutions and their application as a photocatalyst to degrade methylene blue. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The characterization results proved the presence of chitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposites. Analysis of photodegradation activity was carried out by determining the concentration of methylene blue remaining after interaction with the chitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposite which was irradiated with an incandescent lamp. The results showed that the ability to photodegrade using nanocomposites was better than without the addition of nanocomposites.
Tight Cell-Probe Lower Bounds for Dynamic Succinct Dictionaries

A dictionary data structure maintains a set of at most n keys from the universe $[U]$ under key insertions and deletions, such that given a query $x \in[U]$, it returns if x is in the set. Some variants also store values associated to the keys such that given a query x, the value associated to x is returned when x is in the set.This fundamental data structure problem has been studied for six decades since the introduction of hash tables in 1953. A hash table occupies $O(n \log U)$ bits of space with constant time per operation in expectation. There has been a vast literature on improving its time and space usage. The state-of-the-art dictionary by Bender, Farach-Colton, Kuszmaul, Kuszmaul and Liu [1] has space consumption close to the information-theoretic optimum, using a total of \begin{equation*}\log \begin{pmatrix} U \\ n \end{pmatrix}+On\log ^{\left(k\right)} n\end{equation*} bits, while supporting all operations in $O(k)$ time, for any parameter $k \leq \log ^{*} n$. The term $O\left(\log ^{(k)} n\right)=O(\underbrace{\log \cdots \log n})$ is referred to as the wasted bits per key.In this paper, we prove a matching cell-probe lower bound: For $U=n^{1+\Theta(1)}$, any dictionary with $O\left(\log ^{(k)} n\right)$ wasted bits per key must have expected operational time $\Omega(k)$, in the cell-probe model with word-size $w=\Theta(\log U)$. Furthermore, if a dictionary stores values of $\Theta(\log U)$ bits, we show that regardless of the query time, it must have $\Omega(k)$ expected update time. It is worth noting that this is the first cell-probe lower bound on the trade-off between space and update time for general data structures.
An Improved YOLOv5 Algorithm for Elderly Fall Detection

Accidental falls are one of the major threats to the elderly population. Older adults who are not caught in time after a fall may miss the best time to be rescued. We propose an improved YOLOv5 fall detection algorithm in this paper. Firstly, we use SIoU Loss instead of CIoU Loss to improve the speed of training and the accuracy of inference. Secondly, the SimAM attention mechanism is introduced into the YOLOv5 model to further improve the model's performance. Experiments show that the mAP@0.5 of the improved YOLOv5 fall detection model reaches 96.7%, which is 2.4% higher than the original YOLOv5. The overall detection effect is better than the original YOLOv5 model and other network algorithms. The algorithm used in this paper can detect fall behavior promptly, which largely alleviates the risk of death or long-term treatment.
Effectiveness of Using Google Sites-Based E-Modules to Optimize Critical Thinking Skills: Student Perceptions Analysis

21st century learning emphasizes the importance of students' critical thinking skills and mastery of information technology. One use of technology in the learning process is through interactive learning media such as e-modules. Using e-modules can facilitate the development of critical thinking skills in students. One platform that can be used to create e-modules is Google Sites. This research aims to determine student perceptions of the effectiveness of Google Sites-based e-modules to facilitate students' critical thinking skills. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques using a Likert scale questionnaire. The analysis results show that the assessment of the usefulness or students' perception of the e-module reached 85.48, including the very high sort. Apart from that, the analysis regarding the influence of e-modules on changes in knowledge and skills earned a score of 81.45, including the high kind. Based on the analysis of student perceptions, a positive response was found towards using e-modules, which indicates that the e-modules used are effective. Therefore, e-modules can be an effective learning medium in increasing understanding and facilitating students' critical thinking skills.