Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Organization of self-directed learning in teaching English in universities

Self-directed learning of students in higher education is a form of training organization.At present, the self-directed learning of students is widely covered in the higher education system, the content is enriched and applied in new forms.It is possible to prepare students for today's life full of contradictory struggles and competition by involving students in selfdirected learning of different content during their university years.The article discusses in detail the factors influencing the self directed work of future linguists and the benefits of this work.It also analyzes the reasons for the emergence of a new modern method for organizing free labor.Various classifications of self directed work of language learners are also shown.The specific features and various factors that promote the development of students' freedom of action, ways to improve work and self directed work are analyzed by classification.The article provides analyzes aimed at testing the effectiveness of the model designed for university students to master their professional language skills.In the future, the impact of students' free intellectual activities on the prospects of a high level of professional autonomy is confirmed by reference to experimental research.The study also looks at the factors that improve students' language skills in terms of implementing a perfect approach to the organization of academic education and independent study.It should be noted that in the process of higher education there is a classic classification of three components, depending on the place and time of self directed work: self directed work in the classroom (lectures, seminars, workshops, practical work, laboratory work); a free study under pedagogical supervision in the form of intended consultation, creative communication, tests and examinations; extracurricular self directed work while teaching and creative homework by the student.Undoubtedly, the freedom of the previous types of work is quite conditional, and as we know, in the process of real education, these types overlap.We have to agree that scientists should study the well-designed auditorium activities of the student's self directed work, expand, strengthen and continue the mental activity outside of class time.
Lise ve Dengi Okullar Denetim Rehberi’nin Yasal Belgeler ve Alanyazın Temelli İncelenmesi

The aim of this study is to examine the "High Schools and Equivalent Schools Guidance and Supervision Guide" on the basis of legal documents and literature.The aim of secondary education is to prepare students for higher education, the profession or life in the most general sense, through various programs and types of schools in line with their interests and abilities.In line with this purpose, secondary education institutions in our education system are structured in different program types.This multistructure complicates administrative practices and brings problems with high schools to fulfill their functions.Solving the problems that arise requires that the supervision process be carried out in line with this multidimensional structure.This research is important in terms of identifying deficiencies, inconsistencies and other improvable areas in the supervision guide and revealing the need for updating the guide.The qualitative research design using document analysis method was chosen as the research model.The "High School and Equivalent Schools Guidance and Supervision Guide" prepared by the Supervision Board of the Ministry of National Education in 2016 was used as the working document.The data subjected to the content analysis were examined under the "consistency" and "inconsistency" categories within the framework of the themes "Relationship of Supervision Guide with Legal Documents" and "Relationship of Supervision Guide with the Literature".Research findings; shows that the total number of codes emerging under the "consistency" category within the framework of the relationship of the guide with legal documents is more than the total number of codes reached in the "inconsistency" category.It is observed that the inconsistency of the supervision guide with the legal documents is largely due to its outdated.On the other hand, as a result of the content analysis, although it is seen that the guideline is generally consistent with the literature, it has been determined that there are no references to the literature in the guideline, there are deficiencies in its content according to the literature and some conceptual inconsistencies in the guideline.According to the results of the research, the practitioners and researchers respectively; Suggestions were made such as making the necessary arrangements in the legislation to update the guide in case of need, giving more space to the literature in the guide, and comparing the guides prepared for the supervision of high schools in foreign countries, if any.
BlockTorrent: A privacy-preserving data availability protocol for multiple stakeholder scenarios

As industries across the globe continue to digitize their processes, the need for a mechanism to share private data between multiple stakeholders is becoming increasingly apparent. However, sharing data poses challenges around privacy and accessibility, particularly in the event of disputes between stakeholders with a shared interest, such as a supply chain. Using supply chains as a case study, we present BlockTorrent to address these challenges and facilitate data sharing between supply chain participants. BlockTorrent allows participants to securely share their data in near real-time with other participants without the risk of information leakage or data manipulation.
S-wave velocity structure in the central Japan derived from adjoint tomography.

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In Japan, seismic velocity structures have been estimated by using first arrival tomography method. Many significant crustal structures such as the coordinate of the subducted Philippine Sea plate has been revealed by seismic tomographic images. In this study, we applied the adjoint tomography including full numerical simulation and finite frequency sensitivity kernels for the area of central Japan. The study area is characterized by the very heterogeneous geologic structures. We used 72 natural earthquakes in this study. Because the dominant phase used in our analysis is the surface wave, only S-wave velocity was inverted. We tried to minimize the time-frequency phase misfit between observed and calculated waveforms with the frequency of 0.033~0.1Hz. Based on the checker bord test, our inversion scenario resolved the upper and lower crust. From the results, we identified more heterogeneous structures compared to those from the first arrival tomography. The estimated S-wave velocity model clearly resolved the low velocity anomalies around the active volcanoes. Furthermore, the velocity boundaries agree with the main tectonic lines in the central Japan.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
SOCIALIZATION IN THE ORPHANAGE

The article substantiates the process of socialization of orphans and children left without parental care, whoare brought up in specialized state institutions –orphanages. The essence of socialization of orphans and children without parental care has been clarified. The pedagogical conditions of socialization of orphans and children without parental care are revealed and theoretically substantiated. Evaluation criteria and indicators of socialization of orphans and children without parental care have been developed, adequate methods of socialization of orphans and children without parental care have been selected. The technology of socialization for orphans and children without parental care has been developed. In the course of the experimental work, the effectiveness of the implementation of the pedagogical conditions for the socialization of orphans and childrenwithout parental care was determined. The research results are recommended for practical use in orphanages in the process of socialization of orphans and children without parental care
Forced alignment of child speech (Mahr et al., 2021)

Purpose: Acoustic measurement of speech sounds requires first segmenting the speech signal into relevant units (words, phones, etc.). Manual segmentation is cumbersome and time consuming. Forced-alignment algorithms automate this process by aligning a transcript and a speech sample. We compared the phoneme-level alignment performance of five available forced-alignment algorithms on a corpus of child speech. Our goal was to document aligner performance for child speech researchers.Method: The child speech sample included 42 children between 3 and 6 years of age. The corpus was force-aligned using the Montreal Forced Aligner with and without speaker adaptive training, triphone alignment from the Kaldi speech recognition engine, the Prosodylab-Aligner, and the Penn Phonetics Lab Forced Aligner. The sample was also manually aligned to create gold-standard alignments. We evaluated alignment algorithms in terms of accuracy (whether the interval covers the midpoint of the manual alignment) and difference in phone-onset times between the automatic and manual intervals.Results: The Montreal Forced Aligner with speaker adaptive training showed the highest accuracy and smallest timing differences. Vowels were consistently the most accurately aligned class of sounds across all the aligners, and alignment accuracy increased with age for fricative sounds across the aligners too.Conclusion: The best-performing aligner fell just short of human-level reliability for forced alignment. Researchers can use forced alignment with child speech for certain classes of sounds (vowels, fricatives for older children), especially as part of a semi-automated workflow where alignments are later inspected for gross errors.Supplemental Material S1. Analysis code. Mahr, T. J., Berisha, V., Kawabata, K., Liss, J., & Hustad, K. C. (2021). Performance of forced-alignment algorithms on children's speech. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00268Publisher Note: This article is part of the Special Issue: Select Papers From the 2020 Conference on Motor Speech.
Communication in the time of Covid- 19

Do you think Covid-19 pandemic has changed the way we communicate? Our relation with voice and video calls has been changing in this new normal world. People have now been connecting in new ways and have started hosting virtual meets and virtual reunions with friends they have not met for decades. Education in this virtual era has also changed - the way we communicate with the instructors or facilities. The communication has not just changed with the corporate companies but the change in communication can also be observed in the education sector, in shops, in government facilities and even in the hospitals. Even though there was a presence of the online communication tools before the covid-19 pandemic, the use of these tools has increased exponentially in the recent days. This paper studies and examines the various ways of communication, have people adopted the new communication and the explains the future of communication in this virtual world.
온라인 채팅방 이용이 학습참여도와 학습성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 탐색적 연구 : 익명성과 시간경과를 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to research how to increase participation and performance on Kakao-talk chatting. In the result, interaction through online chatting room was clearly increased participation and performance. That means using online chatting room in education is an effective tool and can be easily accepted by students. But, as time goes on, interest reduced, participation and performance were declined. Therefore, combination of online and offline, students' participation and performance will be better.
Searching for sustainable alternatives and socio-cultural innovation through participatory art and design

Participatory arts and design belong to an area of knowledge characterized by transdisciplinarity. Based on this understanding, it is useful to look for influences in different social engagement practices with communities, namely the different methodologies and methods, and the appropriate means of expression for developing participatory actions and their communication with other audiences. This is the logic that runs through the initiatives that we have created and that we present here as case studies: More South, Catapult, and Shifting Ground projects. Before presenting the projects, an argument is woven based on the development of disciplinary knowledge and the existence of intersubjectivity between all areas of knowledge. In participatory visual arts and design, the empirical experience is also valued alongside the theoretical and/or practical domain of a particular area. Some artistic practices that demonstrate the paradigm in question are examples and features highlighting the holistic character and ethical dimension of participatory artistic practices. We highlight the tradition of disciplinary knowledge as a fundamental area for deepening artistic knowledge, but we argue that it should coexist with other information and understanding sources. Innovation in participatory art and design depends on the simultaneous development of both approaches; one more focused on the medium of expression and the respective discipline, and the other on the expansion to other domains and agents.
On the digitalization of the parameters of native gold particles in the study of placers and concentrate and mineralogical studies

Relevance of the work is due to the need to increase the efficiency of studying the particles of native gold in placers using morphometric (morphogranulometric) parameters in their documentation. Graphic materials (maps, plans, sections) based on digitalization of the collected data help to increase the reliability of the forecast, make it possible to use the selected areolas in combination with other methods when assessing ore-bearing zones and areas. Purpose of the work: development of a systematics of native gold identification on a morphometric basis. Substantiation on the basis of digital data of placer samples indicators – form of gold grains, average grain size, hydraulic particle size; study of the spatial variability of the revealed parameters of the metal within the rebuilt placers. Research methodology: diagnostics (description) of the morphology of gold grains and other typomorphic features based on the quantitative parameters of particles with the subsequent calculation of the shape coefficients (flatness, elongation); generalization and interpretation of the results of the description of native gold previously obtained during the exploration of the Ural placers. Results. The proposed systematics of native gold outwards on a morphometric basis allows a more rigorous approach to the identification of metal particles (excluding the subjectivity of describing the outward look of ore). When substantiating the average size of gold grains, significant discrepancies were noted in the results obtained by two independent methods: when measuring the parameters of gold grains on a morphogranulometric basis and using traditional sieve grain size analysis. The geological factors that determine the level of discrepancy between the compared methods are considered. It is about how the revealed discrepancies should be taken into account in the practice of forecasting and prospecting works. It is argued that the most important indicator characterizing the migratory mobility of gold particles in an aquatic environment is their hydraulic size (HS, cm/s). An approach to substantiating HS based on measurements of morphogranulometric parameters of particles (axes A, B, C) is proposed. Examples are considered based on the interpretation of the accumulated digital data in the mineralogical mapping of a number of ore-bearing areas and sites. Conclusions. Long years of studying native gold from placers using the developed systematics of particles on a digital (morphogranulometric) basis have been tested by the practice of forecasting and prospecting and research works. The described approach, based on digitalization of the accumulated information, is recommended for implementation and further improvement
DETERMINATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY LEVEL OF STUDENTS IN THE BASIC EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM OF SECONDARY GENERAL EDUCATION IN NOVOCHERKASSK MUNICIPAL BUDGETARY GENERAL EDUCATION INSTITUTION COMPREHENSIVE SECONDARY SCHOOL NUMBER 32

Purpose: test development to determine the level of environmental literacy of students in the basic educational program of secondary general education, taking into account the level of knowledge of students in grades 10–11 and approbation of this testing at MBOU Secondary School no. 32 in Novocherkassk. Materials and Methods. While developing the tests, the literature analysis in the field of environmental safety was carried out, the training of the test groups at school was taken into account, which was the reason for an additional analysis of textbooks in general education subjects related to ecology and (or) environmental safety, with regard to the fact that the textbooks selected for analysis should be included in the federal list of textbooks. The structure of the test is described, and an example of test questions is given. Results and Discussions. The test result processing was carried out using MS Excel. The diagrams were built for each test group based on the results obtained, reflecting the level of environmental literacy of each studied class, then, on the obtained test result processing, a general summary diagram determining the level of students’ environmental literacy in four classes was built. The trend line as a growth indicator in an unsatisfactory test result was used in chart. Conclusions: students of secondary general education have a rather low level of environmental literacy. During the tests checking, the regularity that students answered correctly mainly the questions related to school subjects was revealed. The studies confirm that environmental education in schools which has only a small niche in educational work is not paid enough attention.
Exploring Social Sciences Students’ Perceptions on Information Literacy and the Use of Mobile Technologies in Higher Education

This study aims to examine information literacy (IL) and the use of mobile technologies in the educational sphere by a sample of social sciences undergraduate students (N = 1,390). The study used the MOBILE-APPS questionnaire, which is a scale for measuring students’ perceptions regarding information literacy (both the institutional and as a personal dimension), the threshold concepts of the ACRL Framework and the use of ICT and mobile technologies in learning contexts. The survey was distributed to a sample of four universities and eight Social Sciences degrees in Spain. A descriptive, inferential, and multivariate study is performed, regarding age, course, gender, and degree. The results show that student perception is higher concerning the personal dimension of IL; most of the students are unaware of the threshold concepts of the ACRL Framework , and responses are very heterogeneous in relation to the use of ICT and mobile technologies. An MDS-clustering strategy regarding the diverse degrees that participate in the study is also provided, to grasp a disciplinary view. From the diagnosis developed in this research, some recommendations for teaching activity in IL as well as implications for academic libraries are provided.
Sustainable development in the model of an integrated system of public education, creativity and humanistic learning

In the context of ensuring an effective strategy for sustainable development, it is necessary to consider that modern education is mainly focused on the theoretical type of scientific knowledge, on natural and engineering-technological models of thinking. At the same time, the theory of pedagogy is constantly debated and criticized by scientism. It is a term that doesn’t exist in the European countries - humanitarian or humanistic technologies - it is like wooden iron, because both the humanitarian and humanistic paradigms were formulated and spread as an alternative to the technological direction, starting from it. This is a contradiction within the theory. Another contradiction: despite the frontal critique of the school of knowledge and subject-centrism, in practice such a subject-oriented or psychologically-oriented approach remains dominant. As a result, in the minds of schoolchildren, students there is a mosaic of unrelated pieces of knowledge. Why do we hold such an approach so firmly? It is important to understand the reasons for this, otherwise we will not be able to find a practical way out of this situation, one criticism is not enough. This is not an internal pedagogical issue, but the convenience of management, external control over the activities of the education system, educational institution. Attempts to reform the pedagogical system constantly run into this circumstance, as pedagogy in its main part remains entirely state and regulated from the outside, no matter how much we talk about the partial autonomy of school, education, higher education. The model of Waldorf pedagogy is still the only one that aims to transfer the experience of sustainable development in various fields comprehensively, that is, in its own way repeats the development of mankind in teaching. In Waldorf pedagogy, the component of responsibility is realized, for instance, through environmental education. It is necessary to perceive the activity as a part of the general activity. Freedom has a structure and necessarily includes a component of responsibility.
THE INVOLVEMENT OF ENGLISH LECTURERS AS PARENTS IN TEACHING ENGLISH FOR THEIR CHILDREN AS YOUNG LEARNERS IN THIS 21ST CENTURY

Learning English is very important in this 21st Century where English has a big influence in all aspect of life. The right time to teach English is at the primary age because children have amazing abilities in studying a language. In the process of teaching English not only teacher’s support is needed but also parents’ involvement in this case parents as English Lecturer, it is not enough just in the school but also in the family environment. This research comes to investigate the involvement of Parents in the process of learning English for their children as young learners in this 21st century. The Researcher is quantitative research method, in order there are two instruments are provided as the procedure in collecting the data needed, these are questionnaire and interview. The sample consisted of 24 parents as the English lecturers and have children categorized as young learners in Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare and Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, in Indonesia. The result of this research shown that parents’ as English lecturers have a very positive perspective in teaching English to their children as young learners more over English will support their children carrier in the future, but their involvement are not very intense. Even though, they are excited to be involve in teaching English to their children as a foreign language for them without forgetting their local language, however they agreed that they can face some challenges in this process.