Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Ranjana Script Handwritten Character Recognition using CNN

This paper proposes a public image database for Ranjana script Handwritten Character Datasets (RHCD), publicly available for Ranjana script researchers or anyone interested in the subject. To the best of our knowledge, the Ranjana script Handwritten Character Dataset (RHCD) is the first publicly available database for Ranjana script researchers. Ranjana script descended from the Brahmi script, consists of 36 consonant letters, 16 vowel letters, and 10 numerical letters. The focus of this research is three-fold: the first is to create a new database for Ranjana script Handwritten Character Recognition; the second is to test the character recognition accuracy of the created RHCD using existing CNN algorithms like LeNET-5, AlexNET, and ZFNET algorithm; the third is to propose a model by investigating different hyper-tuning parameters to improve the recognition accuracy of the created RHCD. The research method applied in this study is dataset collection, digitization &amp; cropping, pre-processing, dataset splitting, data augmentation, and finally, implementing the CNN model (existing and proposed). Performance evaluation is based on the test accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The experiment result shows that our model ranks first, with a testing accuracy of 99.73% for 64x64 pixels resolution with precision, recall, and F1-score value 1. Creation and recognition of Ranjana script characters, vowel modifiers, and compound characters can be the next milestone to be achieved. Segmentation of words and sentences into characters and recognizing each character individually can be the next research domain.
Comparison of K-Means &amp; K-Means++ Clustering Models using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) in Menu Engineering

The menu is one of the most fundamental aspects of business continuity in the culinary industry. One of the tools that can be used for menu analysis is menu engineering. Menu engineering is an analytical tool that assists restaurants, companies, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in assessing and making decisions on marketing strategies, menu design, and sales so that it can produce maximum profit. In this study, several menu engineering models were proposed, and the performance of these models was analyzed. This study used a dataset from the Point of Sales (POS) application in an SME engaged in the culinary field. This research consists of three stages. First, pre-processing the data, comparing the models, and evaluating the models using the Davies Bouldin index. At the model comparison stage, four models are being compared: K-Means, K-Means++, K-Means using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), and K-Means++ using SVD. SVD is used in the dataset transformation process. K-Means and K-Means++ algorithms are used for grouping menu items. The experiments show that the K-Means++ model with SVD produced the most optimal cluster in this research. The model produced an average cluster distance value of 0.002; the smallest Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI) value is 0.141. Therefore, using the K-Means++ model with SVD in menu engineering analysis produces clusters containing menu items with high similarity and significant distance between groups. The results obtained from the proposed model can be used as a basis for strategic decision-making of managing price, marketing strategy, etc., for SMEs, especially in the culinary business.
Capturing User Experience of Customer-Centric Software Process through Requirement Process: Systematic Review

Agile and User Experience have become popular for decades due to the ability to understand customer needs. However, both methods have different perspectives on the point of view, value, and quality. Moreover, user research in UX is usually conducted in the long term. The human aspect is a critical thing in Agile, the purpose of this aspect is to understand the value and need of the product, and with the user stories, several developers try to understand the human aspect of customers. In the elicitation process of the UX, developers used user stories to capture customer personality. One important factor is emotion; UX researchers measure emotions from the product journey, but it is unpleasant when the customer finds out the product does not meet expectations. This study aims to research the implementation of capturing emotion in user experience among Agile software development activities from several perspectives. In addition, Limited resources in software projects require innovation that can guarantee the sustainability and quality of the product. In this paper, we used modified systematic mapping to extract, classify, and interpret articles from popular publishers and map the user experience life cycle to answer several existing problems. This research shows that a combination of user requirement and UX increase the product's usability. Moreover, involving the user in the development center increases the project's success.
Indonesian Hate Speech Detection Using IndoBERTweet and BiLSTM on Twitter

Hate speech is an act of speech to spread hate to other people. In this digital era where everyone connects with social media, hate speech is growing rapidly and uncontrollably. Many people do not realize they are giving hate speech when critics something on social media due to a lack of awareness of the difference between hate speech and free speech. The results make victims feel alienated from society, and the people who spread it would often face the law. Detection in the sentences to identify whether it contains hate speech is essential to counter people's ignorance. For detecting such sentences, a machine learning algorithm is widely used to help identify each sentence. In this paper, we used a subset from machine learning named deep learning with the latest IndoBERT model named IndoBERTweet and combined it with RNN layer named BiLSTM. The appearance of IndoBERTweet opened more chances to further improve text classification performance with the addition of BiLSTM layer. The model first made a token representative from the sentence, then calculated it to analyze and made the classification based on the calculation. For this model to be effective, we trained our model with the labeled public dataset retrieved from Twitter. These datasets are classified into hate speech and non-hate speech, and these labels are applied to the models. We evaluated our model and achieved an accuracy of 93.7%, an improvement for classifying hate speech sentences from previous research.
A Study on the Educational Approach of Catholic Sunday School Teachers Supporting Religious Activity of the Youth during Pandemic Era: Based on Phenomenological Research

[연구 목적] 본 연구는 팬데믹 기간 청소년들의 신앙생활에 도움이 되는 교리교사의 태도와 접근 방식을 살펴보고, 포스트 팬데믹 시대 주일학교 학생들의 신앙 활동 증진에 필요한 교회내부적 요인들은 어떤 것이 있는지 가톨릭 주일학교 교리교사의 경험을 중심으로 살펴보았다. [연구 내용] 이를 위해 본 연구는 교리교사의 역할에 대해 평신도 그리스도인, 신앙여정의동반자, 그리고 공동체와 협력하는 교리교사로 나누어 교회 문헌을 중심으로 정리하였다. 본연구의 참여자는 A교구 9개 본당에 속한 9명의 교리교사들이다. 본 연구에 필요한 자료는 현상학적 방법을 활용하여 심층 면접을 통하여 자료를 수집하였다. 연구 결과, ‘교리교사를 위협하는 팬데믹,’ ‘행동하는 교리교사,’ ‘응답하는 학생’ 그리고 ‘책임지는 신앙 공동체’의 4가지 주제를 도출하였다. [결론] 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가톨릭 주일학교 교리교사들은 청소년이 성숙한신앙인으로 성장하는 데 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 둘째, 교리교사와 신앙 공동체와의 협력은 청소년의 신앙 활동에 영향을 주는 교회 내적요인임을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로 본 연구의 결과는 신앙 공동체가 청소년들의 신앙 활동 증진을 위해서는 주일학교 교리교사의 가치를 인정하고 그들과 협력이 필요함을 제시하고 있다. [Objective] This study aims to explore the attitudes and approaches of Sunday School teachers, along with the internal factors within the church that can enhance the faith activities of the youth. The exploration is based on the experiences of Catholic Sunday School teachers during the pandemic. [Contents] The study participants included 9 teachers from 9 parishes within A diocese. Data were collected through interviews, utilizing an phenomenological research method. The results revealed four themes: the pandemic's impact on Sunday School teachers, teachers' proactive initiatives, students' responses, and the role of a responsible faith community. [Conclusions] The study concludes that Sunday School teachers play a crucial role in helping young people sustain their faith activities and develop mature faith perspectives. Furthermore, the collaboration between Sunday School teachers and the faith community serves as an internal factor in promoting the faith activities of the youth. These findings indicate that the church community should acknowledge the role of Sunday School teachers and foster collaboration with them to sustain the faith activities of the youth.
Analysis of Elementary School Care Program Policy Applying Kingdon’s Policy Streams Model : Focused on the ‘Nulbom School’ Policy

이 연구는 Kingdon의 정책흐름모형에 기반을 두고 초등돌봄교실 정책의 변동 과정을분석해 정책적 시사점을 도출하고자 이루어졌다. 이를 위해 이 연구에서는 빅카인즈(BIG KINDS)를 활용해 2018년 1월부터 2023년까지 5월까지의 신문 기사를 수집하였고, 각종 문헌 자료를 추가적으로 활용하였다. 이와 같은 과정을 거쳐 도출한 주요 분석 결과를 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초등돌봄교실 정책의 창이 열린 주요 사건은 만 5세 학제 개편인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 학부모 집단이 주된 정책활동가로서 정책변동에 영향을 준 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 정책적 제언을 제시하였다. 첫째, 정책의 현장 확대에 앞서 정책을 원활하게 실행할 수 있는 여건 조성이 선행되어야 한다. 둘째, 학교 현장 구성원들과 돌봄 정책의 목적 및 정체성에 대해 합의하는 과정이 동반될 필요가 있다. 셋째, 고용･복지･가족 정책과 연계된 돌봄 정책의 개발이 요청된다.This study aims to analyze the process of policy changes in elementary childcare centers and identifying the reasons behind the opening of the policy window, using Kingdon’s policy streams model. In particular, it focuses on examining the ‘Nulbom School’ policy, which is currently being piloted. The study analyzed newspaper articles and literature from January 2018 to May 2023, using BIGKINDS. In summary, the research findings indicate the following. First, the policy window for elementary childcare centers opened due to the revision of the minimum age for schooling to five years old. Second, parents were the key policy entrepreneurs. Based on these results, three main conclusions were drawn. First, conditions conducive to smooth policy execution must be established. Second, it is necessary to accompany the process of reaching an agreement with school staff and members on the purpose and identity of the policy’s implementers. Third, the development of childcare policies linked to employment, welfare, and family policies is requested.
A Study on the Combining of Basic Educational Right and Meritocracy

본 연구를 촉발한 질문은 헌법의 ‘능력에 따라’를 해석하여 능력주의적 사고를 한다면, 그것은 언제부터일까이다. 헌법 개정 과정을 추적하면서 ‘능력에 따라’라는 문구의 해석론을 전개하고, 우리 교육의 변화와 맞물려 이 조항에 대한 사회적 인식이 어떻게 변해왔는지를 살펴보면서 헌법상 교육기본권과 능력주의가 어떻게 접합했는지를 밝혀보고자 했다. 헌법 제정 과정, 그리고 교육법 제정 과정을 살펴보면, ‘균등하게’ 교육을 받을 권리를 실질적으로 보장하기 위해서 ‘능력에 따라’라는 어구가 필요했음을 알 수 있다. 그런데, 고교 평준화 정책 시행을 계기로 ‘능력에 따라’는 학업 성취가 우수하거나, 가정의 경제력 등 면에서 우월한 위치에 있는 사람들이 자신들의 교육 요구를 정당화하는 일, 즉 자신들과는 형편이 다른 집단들과의 교육을 차별화하는 일에 동원되기 시작했다. 특히, 과외 금지 정책에 대한 위헌 결정이 이루어지고 사교육이 전면적으로 허용된 후에는 가정의 경제적 영향이 학생의 학업 성취와 긴밀한 관계를 형성하게 되면서 ‘헌법이 상정한 능력’과 ‘시민들이 인식하는 능력’ 간의 괴리가 커지고, 결과적으로 ‘헌법이 상정한 능력’ 은 공허해져 버린다. 대신 가정의 영향으로 만들어진 능력이 일신전속적 능력과 동일시되고, 이것이 공정성 담론과 결합하면서, 결과적으로는 사회적 약자와 소수자에 대한 차별을 정당화한다. 이렇게 교육기본권과 능력주의가 접합되었다.This study analyzed when the constitutional expression ʻaccording to ability’ was interpreted in a meritocratic way. This study examined how the social perception of the clause “equally according to ability” has changed by reviewing the constitutional amendment process. The research problem is to unveiled out how the constitutional fundamental right to education and meritocracy were combined. Reviewing the process of enacting both constitution and the Education Act shows that the phrase “:according to ability” was inserted to substantially guarantee the right to education “equally.” However, with the implementation of the high school equalization policy, “depending on ability” began to be mobilized to justify the educational needs of some groups, that is, to differentiate education among groups that have various socio-economic backgrounds. In particular, after the uncon-stitutionality of the extracurricular ban policy was ruled and private education was fully allowed, the economic impact of the family formed a close relationship with the student’s academic achievement. In this way, basic educational rights and meritocracy were combined.
A study exploring stakeholder’s perceptions of the introduction of a Professional Graduate School of Education based on Innovation Resistance Theory

본 연구는 정부가 대학원 수준의 교원 양성 및 교·사대 혁신을 위해 교육전문대학원 시범운영을 추진하는 과정에서 핵심 이해관계자들이 다양한 저항을 표출하였다는 점에 주목하고, 이들의 혁신 저항 요인을 개인적·조직적 차원에서 규명하고자 한다. 연구 목적 달성을 위해 교수집단, 교사집단, 예비교사집단, 학부모집단을 연구 대상으로 선정하고, 심층 면담을 진행하였다. 개인적 차원의 저항 요인은 익숙한 상태에서 벗어나 새로운 환경에 적응할 것을 요구한다는 점, 현재의 체제가 더 체계적이라는 인식, 혁신으로 예상되는 경제적 손실에 대한 우려, 진로와 인생 설계 전반이 변화를 겪을 수 있다는 우려가 저항을 초래하였다. 조직적 차원의 저항 요인은 조직 유지를 위한 강한 경계 욕구, 교원양성체제의 변화가 교사 전문성으로 직결되지 않을 것이라는 불신, 정부 정책 시행과정의 의견수렴 절차의 부재 등이 저항 요인으로 확인되었다. 연구 결과, 혁신 도입 시 이해관계자들의 의견수렴을 통해 제도 도입의 목적을 분명히 하고, 불이익이 예상되는 집단을 파악해 불이익 요소를 관리하며, 이해관계자들의 정책 요구를 반영할 수 있는 접점을 찾아 혁신을 추진할 필요성이 있음을 시사한다.In view of the resistance expressed by key stakeholder’s to the government’s introduction of the professional graduate school of education this study explores the relevant reasons for resistance at the individual level and organizational level through in-depth interviews with stakeholder’s such as professor, parents, prospective teachers, and in-service teachers. At the individual level, resistance to innovation stems from anxiety about deviating from the established stable order, fear of possible economic loss due to innovation, and uncertainty about employment and career paths. At the organizational level, resistance came from wariness of maintaining the organization, distrust of the expertise gap among teachers, and a lack of consultation in the policy implementation process. The findings suggest that discussions on reforming the teacher education system should be based on an understanding of stakeholder’s backgrounds and perceptions, and a concerted effort to implement practical changes within the system based on consensus among stakeholder’s is needed.
An Analysis of Changes in the Principal Training Program System for the Transition of Principal Training System- Focusing on the Future Education Teacher Leadership Academy -

본 연구는 교장승진제도의 대안으로 도입된 교장양성프로그램인 경기도교육청의 ‘미래교육 교원리더십아카데미’의 제도변화 사례를 분석하였다. 4년여의 운영 기간을 통해 나타난 제도변화 양상과 그 동력이 되는 요인을 분석하였으며, 이 과정에 나타난 쟁점 발견을 통해 제도변화에 주는 시사점을 탐구하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 정책 도입 시기부터 실무를 담당하고 참여한 연구자, 운영자, 이수자 등을 대상으로 심층면담을 실시하고 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 기존 승진제도의 법리적 문제를 포함하여 교장공모제를 통한 교사 출신의 학교장 임명이 어려운 문제가 한계로 작용하여 제도의 대체가 이루어지지 못했으며, 특혜적 교사 선발 및 높은 예산 투입이라는 부정적 인식의 확산과 같은 제도의 표류가 발견되었고, 주관부서의 변화로 교사의 생애주기별 역량 강화의 강조, 이수자들의 지역 네트워크 참여 및 자발적 네트워크 조직, 교사연구년제라는 제도의 전환이 점진적으로 변화한 것으로 파악되었다. 이러한 연구결과는 향후 리더십아카데미의 변화 방향에 대한 시사점을 줄 것으로 기대한다.This study analyzed the case of change of the Gyeonggi-do Office of Education’s “Future Education Teacher Leadership Academy, a principal training program system for the transition of the principal training system.” which was introduced as an alternative to the current teacher promotion policy. This study analyzed the pattern of institutional changes and the factors through the four-year operation period, the implications of future changes in the institution and the direction of improvement through the discovery. The policy case study was conducted through in-depth interviews and analysis of various data for researchers, operators, and graduates who were in charge of practical affairs from the time the policy was introduced. The results were first, due to the legal limitations of the existing promotion institution and the difficulty of appointing a teacher-turned-school principal through the public recruitment system, the replacement of the teacher promotion system was not achieved. Second, the introduction of preferential teachers and the spread of negative perception of high budget input were found. Third, the change of the department in charge emphasized the reinforcement of teachers’ life-cycle capacity, and the system of voluntary network operation of graduates was analyzed. Based on these findings, the implications and suggestions that explore the future direction of change in the leadership academy are suggested.
The Effect of Voice-enabled ChatGPT on Negotiation of Meaning of Korean EFL Learners

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of AI chatbots in facilitating meaning negotiation for a group of 40 Grade 1 middle school students in Korea. The experimental group used a voice-enabled ChatGPT, while the control group engaged in peer interactions. The results showed that the ChatGPT group exhibited higher instances of negotiation and speaking turns compared to the peer group. Both groups predominantly utilized the T-I-R-RR routine, with the ChatGPT group, in addition, employing a confirmation and reconfirmation phase. Notably, ChatGPT
Research on Automatic Recognition of New Words on Weibo

To effectively capture emerging vocabulary on Weibo, this article proposes a new Weibo new word recognition strategy that combines Weibo data and support vector machine. Firstly, select positive and negative example sentences from Weibo corpus and trained corpus with part of speech tagging. Then, the lexical features in these sentences are transformed into vectors, and then trained using support vector machines to obtain classification support vectors for Weibo new words. Finally, input the vectorized features into the already trained support vector machine classifier to identify new Weibo words. Based on the experimental results, the system found the optimal feature combination.
Enhancing Speaking Ability Through Pop-Up Card: Its Effects on Students’ Speaking Proficiency

The primary aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of employing pop-up card media to enhance students' speaking proficiency during the initial semester of eighth grade at SMPN 2 Gadingrejo in the 2020/2021 academic year. In this study, the researcher employed a quasi-experimental design consisting of two distinct classes: experimental and control classes. The experimental group received instruction utilizing pop-up cards, whereas the control group received instruction utilizing textbooks. Each class was administered the identical pre-test and post-test. The investigator employed an oral examination as a means of data collection for the research. The research sample consisted of eighth-grade students from SMPN 2 Gadingrejo. The research samples comprised two classes, VIII 1 and VIII 2, with 62 students. The experimental class consisted of 30 students, while the control class had 32 students. The researcher analyzed the data using an independent sample t-test. The analysis results indicated that the utilization of pop-up card media positively impacted the speaking ability of students at SMP N 2 Gadingrejo during the academic year 2020/2021. The data analysis conducted using SPSS yielded a significance value (Sig) of 0.000 and an alpha level (α) of 0.05. The acceptance of Ha is indicated by the p-value of 0.000 is less than the significance level of 0.05. Hence, the utilization of pop-up card media demonstrated efficacy in enhancing the speaking proficiency of eighth-grade students at SMPN 2 Gadingrejo during the first semester of the 2020/2021 academic year. The findings also indicated that pop-up card media could be a viable alternative for instructing speaking skills.
Development and Creation of Ancient Sandstone Carvings Using 3D Software Tools and Mobile/Tablet Devices

In the area of Phayao Province that used to be part of the ancient Lanna Kingdom, there are unique works of art that can be found until today, which are sandstone carvings caused by religious beliefs resulting in works such as Buddha statues. These are art related to religion. Nowadays, these works of art have started to fade away and receive less and less attention from people. The creation of art objects in this research therefore uses the interpretation of the creative objects in line with people’s lifestyles by selecting the lotus, which is a plant related to rivers, and is important in religion. In the lotus, which is interconnected and aligned with Buddhism, and in harmony with a way of life that aligns with the river, creative works are found in various forms, connecting people in Buddhism, including sandstone carving. In this creation, digital technology tools and methods are used to collect data to create a 3D work piece. Photogrammetry is used to record detailed proportions and information and customization of 3D work pieces. In these steps, mobile phone-type tools are used to collect image data to create the 3D work or an application is used to customize 3D work pieces from a tablet device to create prototypes of sandstone sculptures from the artisans that remain today. This can be seen in creating, maintaining, and recording digital data, creation, and the integration of knowledge. This demonstrates that today’s tools and portable devices can help create more creative pieces of work and preserve art and culture.
Optimizing Clustering Approaches in Cloud Environments

This study focuses on the challenge of developing abstract models to differentiate various cloud resources. It explores the advancements in cloud products that offer specialized services to meet specific external needs. The study proposes a new approach to request processing in clusters, improving downtime, load distribution, and overall performance. A comparison of three clustering approaches is conducted: local single cluster, local multiple clusters, and multiple cloud clusters. Performance, scalability, fault tolerance, resource allocation, availability, and cost-effectiveness are evaluated through experiments with 50 requests. All three approaches achieve a 100% success rate, but processing times vary. The local single cluster has the longest duration, while the local multiple clusters and multiple cloud clusters perform better and offer faster processing, scalability, fault tolerance, and availability. From a cost perspective, the local single cluster and local multiple clusters incur capital and operational expenses, while the multiple cloud clusters follow a pay-as-you-go model. Overall, the local multiple clusters and multiple cloud clusters outperform the local single cluster in terms of performance, scalability, fault tolerance, resource allocation, availability, and cost-effectiveness. These findings provide valuable insights for selecting appropriate clustering strategies in cloud environments.