Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Trusting the Big Brother Inside My Pocket: User-Oriented Requirements for Contact Tracing

Contact tracing (CT) apps have been rolled out as part of combined efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic. However, these apps haven’t been download by the totality of the population, with users raising concerns over the usage of data and data protection. This article analyzes how different app providers and data protection levels can affect the willingness to download a COVID-19 contact tracing app between university students, and if there is a difference between students who downloaded and didn’t download the app. Through the usage of a factorial survey experiment (FSE) the paper statistically analyses the data protection and trust (DPT) requirements, using the French COVID-19 CT as a use case. The results show that universities have a positive impact on the trust levels of app providers, while private companies tend to have a negative impact on trust. Subjects also have high expectations on data protection. Our results highlight the importance of data protection and app providers for building trust with users of CT COVID-19 apps.
FUNDAMENTALS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS' CREATIVE COMPETENCIES IN THE PROCESS SELF-STUDY

The article discusses the mechanisms of formation of professional competence within the framework of the educational process on the example of the development of self-study skills. Particular attention is paid to training the development of the creative mind of future specialists in the context of the process of assimilation of knowledge, and the mechanisms of innovative potential are also disclosed.
Application of BIM Technology Based on Big Data Analysis in Autonomous Learning of Civil Engineering Teaching

In the information age, big data, an important modern information technology, has been developed rapidly and has realized the penetration into many fields.The higher education is one of them.In the view of big data, the civil engineering course teaching in Colleges and universities must take the way of intelligent and information development, strive to improve the teaching quality and make the teaching and the development of the times synchronous.Therefore, colleges and universities must carry out teaching reform, explore the effective application of BIM Technology in the view of big data, and strive to achieve the training goal of high-quality civil engineering talents.This paper mainly from the big data perspective, expounds the two concepts of big data and BM technology, discusses the specific strategies of effective application of BIM Technology in civil engineering course teaching, hoping to provide valuable reference for teachers.
Causal Intervention Learning for Multi-person Pose Estimation

Most of learning targets for multi-person pose estimation are based on the likelihood $$P(Y|X)$$ . However, if we construct the causal assumption for keypoints, named a Structure Causal Model (SCM) for the causality, $$P(Y|X)$$ will introduce the bias via spurious correlations in the SCM. In practice, it appears as that networks may make biased decisions in the dense area of keypoints. Therefore, we propose a novel learning method, named Causal Intervention pose Network (CIposeNet). Causal intervention is a learning method towards solving bias in the SCM of keypoints. Specifically, under the consideration of causal inference, CIposeNet is developed based on the backdoor adjustment and the learning target will change into causal intervention $$P(Y|do(X))$$ instead of the likelihood $$P(Y|X)$$ . The experiments conducted on multi-person datasets show that CIposeNet indeed releases bias in the networks.
POSSIBILITIES OF VOLUNTEER ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLIC ASSOCIATIONS IN PREPARING FUTURE TEACHERS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

This article is devoted to describing the possibilities of volunteer organizations and public associations in the preparation of future teachers for the implementation of educational activities. The problem of reducing the role of education becomes especially relevant for higher and secondary vocational education, since future teachers will need to realize the social and economic mission of education in the future. Volunteer activity gives the educational process of the university a social context, and the acquired skills and developed personal qualities will be translated by teachers in their future professional activities. Within the framework of this article, the principles of organizing volunteer activities developed by the team of authors as a condition for preparing for educational activities are described. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, a structural and content model for organizing the participation of future teachers in volunteer activities has been developed. The model is implemented from the first to the fourth year of study, while active participants in the volunteer movement, who have shown leadership and organizational skills, act as mentors for students who are only involved in this activity. Involving students in social activities performs a social function, ensures the formation of their emotional intelligence and empathy, as well as social activity. The activities of public associations are carried out in the university at three levels: university-wide (associations of students from various faculties), faculty and group. The article also presents the stages of organizing the activities of student communities in the university. The participation of future teachers in volunteer activities in the process of their preparation for educational work is carried out on the principles of variability, motivational-value orientation, activity and self-regulation, voluntariness and subjectivity of relations.
GENERAL PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATION AND TRANSCRIPTION OF ABBREVIATIONS

Currently, the growth of information saves language effort and time.Vocabulary as the most mobile layer of language is undergoing changes.Enrichment of language vocabulary is due to word formation, the section of lexicology that is responsible for the emergence of new words.The extremely rapid development of the World Wide Web has led to the emergence and wild popularity of social networks, which occupy a special place in the process of virtual communication as a service aimed at interpersonal communication of Internet users.As English is an international language, a number of American social networks such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram have become international.Users of these networks create new words and promote them.These innovations cover the entire Internet space (websites, forums).Modern English has a relatively new and highly productive way of word formation -abbreviation.The reduction itself, as a popular way of forming morphological neologisms in recent decades, reflects the tendency to rationalize language.Continuous increase in the vocabulary of the language is a prerequisite for the rationalization of language, saving nominative and word-formation efforts.A striking example of the rationalization of speech activity and optimization of language-forming processes is the phenomenon of reduction of lexical units.In our information-rich world, there is less and less time for communication and correspondence.As paradoxical as it may sound, the more information a person has, the more ways he or she seeks to reduce and convey it in a concise form.The purpose of reduction is the maximum compression of information at the lexical level.The current language situation is characterized by the desire to use abbreviated forms of speech in all areas of literature.The formation of new abbreviations in English is a constant phenomenon that is increasingly evolving and improving.The number of reductions of all types is growing, this has already been noticed by many researchers.
Construction of intelligent education platform

The planning and top-level design of the project refer to and learn from the relevant standards such as the standardization guide of E-government of the state information office, the top-level design of e-government, the planning outline of educational informatization construction and so on.Use cloud computing technology to build resource platform, use network infrastructure to build education man and wireless environment, adopt mature software development technology, and develop public service platform and basic application to meet the needs of education business by using software engineering theory, object-oriented method and software process capability maturity model.
Secure Data Aggregation Model for People Centric Sensing Networks

Security and privacy have been significant concerns in PCS networks’ data transmission and aggregation process. This paper presents a Secure Data Aggregation model with Integrity Verification to provide privacy preserved data sharing within mobile devices in the network to deal with security and privacy-related issues efficiently. The model achieves a peer-to-peer-based secure data sharing method by allowing the user to share the data at random with other remaining nodes in a privacy-preserving manner. The Homomorphic encryption scheme is used to achieve privacy preservation of users’ data, which allows doing computations on encrypted data. Hash Functions are used for validating the integrity of shared data. The security model is evaluated in data privacy analysis, computational cost, transmission delay, communication overhead, packet delivery ratio, and security-based evaluations. The privacy protection is increased with data division and sharing method, thereby slightly increasing communication overhead and decreasing computation overhead. Also, the scheme protects from attacks where internal adversaries collude.
Communicative Functions of Code-Switching in Selected Radio Broadcast Stations in Sekondi-Takoradi in the Western Region of Ghana

The purpose of the study was to examine the use of code-switching as a device to achieve the communicative functions in Fante-English radio discourse in Sekondi-Takoradi in the Western Region of Ghana.The population of the study included all the fifty-five (55) radio presenters in four (4) radio stations in Twin-City Sekondi-Takoradi.Purposive sampling technique was used to select the four (4) Frequency Modulation (FM) stations.The instruments employed for collecting data were audiotape recording and questionnaire.The study established that radio presenters codeswitch when there is topic shift, because sometimes they find it difficult in translating a word, an idea or a concept from English to Fante.Again, radio broadcasters codeswitch because sometimes they forget the required word to be used in Fante.
Intelligent Question Answering System for Internet of things data analysis and educational technology

Question answering is an indispensable part of the teaching process.The effect of question answering largely depends on the form of the link and whether it can meet the individual needs of students.The traditional teacher learner face-to-face question answering and e-mail question answering can not meet the requirements of learners.Therefore, many educators are committed to the research of intelligent question answering system.This paper analyzes the main obstacles existing in the current domestic question answering system, designs the subject oriented intelligent question answering system, studies the core function modules, and realizes a subject oriented intelligent question answering system with friendly interface, strong pertinence, and adaptability to a variety of inquiry methods.
The Effects of Location-based Mobile Games on Media Literacy Education in Schools Based on the Case Study of <i>Pokémon Go</i>

This article explains the application of mobile games in media literacy education.Based on a case study of Pokémon Go, it argues how location-based mobile games contribute to teaching media literacy in schools.The participatory context and the ideal informal learning space constructed within the game benefit the teaching environment in class.Also, the multimodal text offered by the game broadens the version of text conventionally used in the classroom and improves the clarity of information delivery as well.The application of mobile games opens new possibilities in education, but raises concerns regarding the informal and simulated game space.
Optimization Performance Analysis for Adaptive Genetic Algorithm with Nonlinear Probabilities

Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been proven to be easy in falling into local optimal value due to its fixed crossover probability and mutation probability, while Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (AGA) has strong global search capability because the two probabilities adjust adaptively.There are two categories of AGA according to the different adjustment methods for crossover and mutation probabilities: probabilistic linear adjustment AGA and probabilistic non-linear adjustment AGA.AGA with linear adjustment of probability values cannot solve the problems of local optimal value and premature convergence.The nonlinear adaptive probability adjustment strategy can avoid premature convergence, poor stability and slow convergence speed.The typical AGA with nonlinear adjustment of probabilities are compared and analyzed through benchmark functions.The optimization performance of typical AGA algorithms is compared and analyzed by 10 benchmark functions.Compared with traditional GA and other AGA algorithms, AGA with crossover and mutation probabilities adjusted nonlinearly at both ends of the average fitness value has higher computational stability and is easy to find the global optimal solution, which provides ideas for the application of adaptive genetic algorithm.
The Application of Big Data in the Insurance Industry-with Potential Risks and Possible Solutions

Big data is coming into use across industries.In recent years, the position of insurance in the financial industry is gradually rising.Life insurance and property insurance are two major types of commercial insurance, with the addition of big data technology, diversified applications are also emerging.Some feasible application modes combined with big data in these two insurance types are listed in the paper.Although the technical architecture of big data has become mature, there is still a very broad application and development space due to its flexibility.With the uncertainty of development, the following potential risks are put forward in the article, disclosure of personal privacy, mishandling of information, and Inadequate legal supervision.Some advice is proposed in the paper from the perspective of companies, individuals, and the legal system, and here follows a few examples: strengthen internal self-discipline, enhance selfprotection consciousness, introduce a new law, etc.
Critical Digital Pedagogy: Alternative Ways of Being and Educating, Connected Knowledge and Connective Learning

Over the last twenty years, technology has reorganized how we live, how we communicate, and how we learn.Learning needs theories that describe learning principles and processes, and should be reflective of underlying social environments.This work presents a research investigation if education can remain relevant in the digital era.Two conflicting and complementing concepts "critical pedagogy" and "critical digital pedagogy" have been discussed to establish a foundation for the new forms of teaching practices related to a virtual learning environment.It focuses on how our teaching practices can be re-imagined to become a crucial part of the socialisation process with students.In this system, students are encouraged to become reflective learners and think critically about the current conditions of the world and how to make it a better place for all.It discusses the role of the teacher in the 21 st century and how it has evolved dramatically in recent times.The work is based on the independent research conducted by several universities in Berlin, New York and Moscow, which found that students do not expect their teachers to know everything; instead, to have somebody prepared to listen to students, have mentoring and coaching capacities and willing to offer extra time for consultations.
Design and Implementation of Voice Controlled Wheelchair using MATLAB

Most physically challenged people to rely on others for their motion and the number of such people is increasing day by day. Manual Wheelchairs are quite difficult to operate by physically challenged people as they require force for the motion. To overcome this drawback, conventional wheelchairs or powered wheelchairs are available in the markets. Even if they are meant to design for the comfort of users they are quite expensive, so not every physically challenged can afford them. To reduce the percentage of use of a manual wheelchair and to give physically challenged people a better experience and comfort in an affordable manner we have proposed this model. Our proposed model is based on neural networks and the backpropagation algorithm is used as a medium to train the Artificial neural networks which are trained by the user’s voice command so it uses voice recognition as a control mechanism. The proposed prototype is been trained with five voice commands such as (Forward, Backward, Left, Right, and Stop). These voice commands are successfully identified and converted to text. The following text is further written on target hardware wirelessly by using a Bluetooth module for the motion of DC Motors to control the directions of a wheelchair. The entire prototype is been designed on Matlab R2020a and Arduino UNO as target hardware. The main aim of our proposed work is to develop a smart wheelchair that overcomes the problems of existing systems and should be easy, impressionable, and convenient for physically challenged people.
Patriotism as a National Value in the Content of Preschool Education

Based on the philosophical and pedagogical understanding of the problem of value education of preschool children, the article considers one of the basic national values - patriotism, and determines the positions and specifics of the education of preschool children. The author’s vision of the essence of patriotic education in preschool age is presented, which is associated with the development of interest in family traditions, the professions of one’s parents, knowledge of the history of one’s family, homeland, knowledge of the natural landscape and folk traditions, emotional responsiveness to public affairs, socially significant activity. The results of diagnosing the formation of patriotic feelings of preschoolers and the results of a survey of parents are presented. The article identifies and substantiates the mechanisms for the formation of patriotic feelings in children of older preschool age. Among them are value orientations, eventfulness, reflection.
Problems and Solutions of Motivation of Teachers in Hangzhou No.4 High School International Department

In order to increase the motivation of the teachers in international school.This paper take Hangzhou No.4 high school as example to investigate the motivation level of the existing teachers and problems that they have.The purpose of the study is to give the solutions to the problems and to make teachers better motivated in schools.This study mainly uses quantitative research in the form of a questionnaire to carry out the data.The result shows that most teachers are well motivated in this school but there are some problems, like not achieving the work-life balance and not having clear guideline from supervisors.So the school should pay some attentions on managing teachers' holidays and rest time.What is more, teachers should be able to know their overall target and the tasks in each department.Both of them can help 1teachers stay more motivated.
Word Segmentation by Separation Inference for East Asian Languages

Chinese Word Segmentation (CWS) intends to divide a raw sentence into words through sequence labeling.Thinking in reverse, CWS can also be viewed as a process of grouping a sequence of characters into a sequence of words.In such a way, CWS is reformed as a separation inference task in every adjacent character pair.Since every character is either connected or not connected to the others, the tagging schema is simplified as two tags "Connection" (C) or "NoConnection" (NC).Therefore, bigram is specially tailored for "C-NC" to model the separation state of every two consecutive characters.Our Separation Inference (SpIn) framework is evaluated on five public datasets, is demonstrated to work for machine learning and deep learning models, and outperforms state-of-the-art performance for CWS in all experiments.Performance boosts on Japanese Word Segmentation (JWS) and Korean Word Segmentation (KWS) further prove the framework is universal and effective for East Asian Languages.
Decentralized Supply Chain Optimization via Swarm Intelligence

When optimised, supply chains can bring tremendous benefits to all its participants. Supply chains therefore can be framed as a networked optimization problem to which swarm intelligence techniques can be applied. Given recent trends of globalization and e-commerce, we propose a supply chain that uses an open e-commerce business model, where all participants have equal access to the market and are free to trade with each other based on mutually agreed prices and quantities. Based on this model, we improve upon the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm with constriction coefficient (CPSO), and we demonstrate the use of a new random jump algorithm for consistent and efficient handling of constraint violations. We also develop a new metric called the 'improvement multiplier' for comparing the performance of an algorithm when applied to a problem with different configurations.
DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS

A retrospective analysis of the formation of the system of professional training of primary school teachers in the terms of distance learning in HEI of Ukraine has been carried out in the article. The tendencies of the dynamics of implementation of distance learning in the educational process of a higher pedagogical school in accordance with a number of factors (political and economic; social and educational; technological and program) and institutional aspects of regulatory and legal support have been singled out. Thematic researches in the educational and scientific space have been analyzed and the directions of urgency of transformation of distance learning in the chronology of its development have been determined. The periodization of the development of professional training of primary school teachers in terms of distance learning with certain stages and characteristic historical and pedagogical features has been presented. The idea of a «triad» of possibilities on the way of evolutionary development has been proved: an educational technology, a form of training organization, distance professional training as a pedagogical system. An evaluative vision of the disadvantages and advantages of the research subject at all stages of implementation has been formed and the recommended ways of constructive changes in professional training of primary school teachers in the changing conditions of the digital educational space have been identified.