Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Online Interactive Chart Choosers for Novice Visual Designers: Assistance and Restriction

We often need the cooperation of data analysts, statistical professionals, content editors, and visual designers to present a complete and persuasive information visualization project. Even a chart chooser is a tool that designers consult, visual experts with statistical backgrounds think that such a reference tool oversimplifies the process of visualization, and it is easy to guide novice designers to draw the wrong charts. Conversely, some proponents believe that the chart chooser is the primary tool for novice designers to go into the field of information visualization. Therefore, this study wants to explore the assistance and restriction of online interactive chart choosers for novice visual designers. We collected six online interactive chart choosers from the data visualization community. Ten subjects, 22 to 26-year-old novice designers, were recruited to conduct experiments. They only had a little chart drawing experience. Five subjects referenced the chart choosers in the test, and the other five were free to create charts without reference. Finally, semi-structured interviews and SUS usability evaluation were conducted, and the preferences of the six chart choosers were ranked. The results showed that subjects who did not consult the chart choosers used seven chart types to represent three topics. That is fewer than those with chart choosers used nine different chart types. Subjects who refer to the chart choosers believe that the reference tools do not limit creativity and can assist drawing charts. Moreover, after investigating the preferences of the six chart choosers, we understand what features make designers prefer to use.
Dynamic Consent: Physical Switches and Feedback to Adjust Consent to IoT Data Collection

From smart homes to highly energy-optimized office building and smart city, the adoption of living in smart spaces requires that the inhabitants feel comfortable with the level of data being collected about them in order to provide smartness. However, you usually provide this consent on—or best before—your very first interaction. Thus, firstly your consent might vary over the time of usage. Secondly, it is not always obvious if data is currently collected or not. This paper addresses two missing elements in the interaction with a smart environment: First, the general concept of dynamicity of consent to data collection. Second, provision of a physical interaction to gather and change consent and a physical feedback on the current data collection status. By the feedback being physical we mean being visual, haptic or accoustic, in order to allow natural perception by the users in the physical space. For both components we provide examples which show how one could make both the current status as well as the consent physical and discuss the user perception. We argue that having a physical interaction to start potentially privacy-invasive data collections is a useful enrichment for legal consent, and physically visible status is helpful to make a decision.
Integration of geophysical, soil science and geospatial methods in the study of eroded soil

Summary Eroded soils require studies of their present condition, monitoring, and the development of the recommendations of their use. The aim of the present study is to show the prospects of applying of the combination of geophysical, geospatial, and soil science methods to assess eroded and erosion-hazardous lands. The result is expected to be the increase in the efficiency of their protection measures and land use management. At the presented results, there is a high correlation coefficient R2=0.87 between magnetic susceptibility (MS) and humus content. This makes it possible to bring the sampling density up to 2 pcs/ha, and obtain more detailed map of the soil erosion. The data on the spatial distribution of MS is the basis for the interpolation of values of humus content. The distribution of MS corresponds to the location of the main elements of the relief, the minimum values correspond to the beam mesh, the maximum to the undisturbed or redeposited soil. The integrating of the geophysical, optical, magnetic, electric, geospatial, and agrophysical methods to the algorithm of the eroded soil studies greatly extends the range of application fields. The obtained results are characterized by higher reliability, more accurate informative, and lower cost.
PEDAGOGICAL, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS OF SHAPING THE IDENTITY OF CULT GROUP FOLLOWERS

The rapidly changing world does not provide a man with a sense of stability; he intensifies confusion in fundamental matters related to everyday life. Evolving in directions that are difficult to predict, this is not conducive to the process of maturing into a responsible experience of humanity. Various “religious” organizations and societies take advantage of this situation, putting confusion in order (usually in an apparent way), thereby obtaining new adherents for their vision of a better world. Being under the influence of charismatic leaders, the members of new religious movements change their behaviour diametrically, as well as their way of thinking about themselves and the world. Any former model of life is replaced by a new, i.e., collective, model of thinking, estimating and behaving. Important things lose their value. The hitherto prevailing existence, perceived as “bad”, “unenlightened”, “materialistic” or “not soulful”, is left for a new and “better” life, for purposes that are attainable only thanks to contact with the new group. The acquisition of self-identity and identification with the group requires considerable effort. Going over from one world to another brings with it numerous consequences of a psychological and social nature. Hence an immense complexity of factors forming the identity of a religious man appear. On the one hand, this is influenced by personality factors, the level of inner integration, psychical and emotional maturity, and on the other hand – a number of social conditions, i.e., the specificity of the cult group, its structure, doctrine, history and social relations. All the above makes it impossible to create a universal model of the follower’s identity within cult groups. It is only possible to indicate the conditions for the creation of the new individual, self leading to a manifestation of their participation within a definite cultic group.
IoT and Cloud Forensic Investigation Guidelines

IoT devices are becoming more prevalent in society, with an expected 21.5 Billion devices connected by 2025 [24], and when an incident occurs in the vicinity of such devices then they should be considered as potential digital evidence. A network of IoT devices is often referred to as a smart environment, or more frequently as a cyber physical system [17]. Is there a need for yet another framework? It could be questioned that: (i) there is no need for such frameworks since the IoT devices are not that important; or, (ii) that there are adequate SOPs and frameworks already in place? This chapter aims to provide answers to these questions.
Digital Identities and Epistemic Injustices

The rapid progress in the development of smart systems and digital technologies and its expansion to all the spheres of human life have had an impact on the preexisting inequalities that separate individuals and communities between each other. In this paper, I intend to examine some of the varieties of testimonial and hermeneutical epistemic injustices generated by the mass insertion of the new information and communication technologies (ICTs) in relation to the digital identities, not only individual but also social identities. The paradoxes or even the dilemmas triggered by this new cultural environment, that I will study by means of the analysis of some emblematic cases, including those with positive uses and those with negative uses of these tools, expose the asymmetry between the expansion of our competence as users and the violation or alienation of our individual and collective identities and autonomies. This reflection aims at understanding, in the end, that these ways of digital epistemic injustice stand on a deeper epistemic gap: between the improvements of the “intelligent designs” and our growing dependence on them, on the one hand, and the generalized incomprehension of what makes them possible, on the other hand. Neither the utopian visions nor the dystopian visions are able to fully capture how this new cultural environment challenges the human intelligence, revealing, at the same time, its extraordinary power and its extreme fragility.
Microstructure overlapping image application with optical decryption

Currently, valuable tickets are scanned and verified by embedding quick response (QR) codes, but few studies have embedded encrypted information into QR codes to prevent counterfeiting. In the existing literature on color image-based QR codes, there is room for improvement in image quality and anti-counterfeiting functions. We propose an optically decrypted microstructure overlapping image technology, hiding the information points of two-dimensional barcodes on the image reservation area in the ticket, and using the optical principle to use the lenticular lens as a decryption component, to make the image produce continuous dynamic effects and increase the difficulty of forgery. In addition, the distribution of embedded parameters and differences will also affect the distortion of hidden information, which may cause the QR code to fail to read, so the median edge detection predictor is proposed for distortion control comparison. The experimental results prove that our method provides low distortion of information-hiding technology.
Measurement sequences for magic state distillation

Magic state distillation uses special codes to suppress errors in input states, which are often tailored to a Clifford-twirled error model. We present detailed measurement sequences for magic state distillation protocols which can suppress arbitrary errors on any part of a protocol, assuming the independence of errors across qubits. Provided with input magic states, our protocol operates on a two-dimensional square grid by measurements of $ZZ$ on horizontal pairs of qubits, $XX$ on vertical pairs, and $Z,X$ on single qubits.
Understanding User Experience for Scenario Building: A Case in Public Transport Design

The chapter discusses the nature of scenario building process in general and how scenarios contributed to the design process in the case of an educational project on inner-city public transportation design. Scenario building is widely used as a resourceful method to explore and foresee the experiential aspects of user-product interaction in the product design process. Traditional ergonomics uses scenarios as part of evaluating and modelling the human performance in work conditions. Accident scenarios and task analysis are used both to analyse the efficiency of workplaces and to foresee possible failure conditions in order to increase human performance. Scenario building is mainly used as a method in the concept generation phase of the design process. Initial research phase which supports scenario building involves exploring existing situations and conditions by focusing on real contexts in which people use the product or service under consideration.
Usability study for Liquid Galaxy platform using hand and voice controllers

In a reality in which expressive amounts of data are produced by devices with increasing storage and processing power, the display walls - sets of synchronized screens that act as a large integrated display emerge as a solution for displaying long datasets, opening new possibilities and also new challenges for the area of Human-Computer Interaction, including natural interfaces, such as voice interaction. This article presents a usability study done with 40 people to analyze the performance in the use of the Liquid Galaxy display wall using joystick controllers and voice controllers.
Local gradient optimization of leakage-suppressing entangling sequences

We use a gradient-based optimization scheme to find single-qubit rotations to be interwoven between timesteps of a noisy logical two-qubit entangling gate in order to suppress arbitrary logical and leakage errors in the two-qubit gate. We show how the sequence fidelity is affected by imperfections in the single-qubit operations, as well as by various relative strengths of the logical and leakage noise. Our approach is completely general and system-independent, allowing for application to any two-qubit system regardless of the experimental implementation details.
Mapping the Factors Influencing the Sustainability of Public Access Computing in Africa to the ACE Framework: A Systematic Literature Review

Information and communication technology (ICT) has been widely used in attempts to address the diverse range of socio-economic challenges in Africa. Included in these initiatives is the establishment of public access computing (PAC) venues. PAC venues are spaces where the general public has access to computers and/or the Internet and are established to address ICT access in underserved and marginalized communities. Despite the good intentions of such interventions, the success and sustainability of PAC initiatives remain a challenge. A systematic literature review (SLR) was performed to determine the common challenges faced by PAC initiatives in Africa as well as the recommendations based on PAC success stories. These challenges and recommendations are subsequently evaluated against the Access, Capacity, and Environment (ACE) framework for PAC developed by Gomez. It is shown that the recommendations for PAC in Africa do not necessarily correspond to the identified challenges. In addition, a number of challenges and recommendations are identified that are not represented in the ACE framework. It is suggested that the ACE framework is extended to incorporate these factors in order to make it more relevant for PAC in Africa.
Project-Oriented Approach of Personnel Management in Higher Educational Institutions of Kazakhstan

Improving the quality of education in Kazakhstan causes a number of factors, and first of all, it is the reform of the existing system of personnel management of higher education, where the main element is the development of the university staff. Improving the competitiveness of Kazakhstan's universities at the international level takes place primarily due to the project-oriented approach to the creation of innovative universities. The purpose of the work is to investigate the importance and necessity of the project-oriented approach as a set of knowledge, techniques, and skills of the university staff in the course of the management actions and decisions that determine the development and effectiveness of the educational institution. The authors revealed the lack of consistency, fragmentation, and fragility in the research of the issue of the project-oriented approach in the management of the university personnel. The methods of theoretical research and system analysis determined that the project-oriented approach to the personnel management in higher education institution from the perspective of personal activity approach to the work of teachers is optimal, effective and even necessary to obtain the quality result of the university. The paper clearly presents the organization of the management of the university staff, where a starting point is a project-oriented approach to the process of training students, staff development, reveals the algorithms and features of embedding technology project-oriented approach in the educational process, and reveals its content. The paper also discusses the motivation of the teacher, the reasons preventing to foresee innovations in the work, as well as compares the models of personnel management of the universities in Europe and Kazakhstan.
Multi-Document Answer Generation for Non-Factoid Questions

The current research will be devoted to the challenging and under-investigated task of multi-source answer generation for complex non-factoid questions. We will start with experimenting with generative models on one particular type of non-factoid questions - instrumental/procedural questions which often start with "how-to". For this, a new dataset, comprised of more than 100,000 QA-pairs which were crawled from a dedicated web-resource where each answer has a set of references to the articles it was written upon, will be used. We will also compare different ways of model evaluation to choose a metric which better correlates with human assessment. To be able to do this, the way people evaluate answers to non-factoid questions and set some formal criteria of what makes a good quality answer is needed to be understood. Eye-tracking and crowdsourcing methods will be employed to study how users interact with answers and evaluate them, and how the answer features correlate with task complexity. We hope that our research will help to redefine the way users interact and work with search engines so as to transform IR finally into the answer retrieval systems that users have always desired.
Explaining Recommendations in Heterogeneous Networks

Users are increasingly relying on personalized recommendations (such as news, songs, products) for their daily information consumption. To deliver personalized content to users, Heterogeneous Information Network (HIN)-based recommender systems integrate various data collected from users into an often complex ranking model. The resulting recommendations might thus be puzzling for the users, leaving them wondering why some particular items are recommended to them or how these items relate to their actions on the platform. Therefore, to gain users' trust, it is crucial to provide them with explanations for their recommendations.
Efficiency boost for quantum computer

Researchers in the US have created a new energy-based benchmark for “quantum advantage” and have used it to show that quantum computers use several orders of magnitude less energy than the world’s most powerful supercomputer when doing a specific task
An Analysis of Remotely Triggered Malware Exploits in Content Management System-Based Web Applications

Web content management systems, referred here as CMS, is a customizable software platform on which websites can be easily built. According to Web Technology Surveys, more than 55% of websites on the Internet use any one of the many popular CMS platforms [1]. Their popularity arises due to ease of use, capability to customize, and ability to abstract complex programming layers into a very simple user interface, especially for a novice user. However, while the user may have very little or no knowledge of the backend database system containing sensitive information, this platform offers itself as an easy target to ever-expanding malware threats. In this paper, we explore and analyze in depth of one such malware, focusing on the origin of the attack, its deployment, its regenerating methods, and the cost of combating and retrieving the compromised data.
Noisy Agents: Self-supervised Exploration by Predicting Auditory Events

Humans integrate multiple sensory modalities (e.g., visual and audio) to build a causal understanding of the physical world. In this work, we propose a novel type of intrinsic motivation for Reinforcement Learning (RL) that encourages the agent to understand the causal effect of its actions through auditory event prediction. First, we allow the agent to collect a small amount of acoustic data and use K-means to discover underlying auditory event clusters. We then train a neural network to predict the auditory events and use the prediction errors as intrinsic rewards to guide RL exploration. We first conduct proof-of-concept experiments using a set of Atari games for an in-depth analysis of our module. We then apply our model to embodied audio-visual exploration using the Habitat simulator and active exploration with a rolling robot using the ThreeDWorld (TDW) simulator. Experimental results demonstrate the advantages of using audio signals over vision-based models as intrinsic rewards to guide RL explorations.
Neural Networks Modeling Based on Recent Global Optimization Techniques

This paper presents an integrated artificial neural networks (ANNs) model with different global optimization techniques. The optimization techniques studied in this paper are the genetic algorithm (GA), the grey wolf optimization (GWO), the whale optimization (WOA), the dragonfly optimization (DA) and grasshopper optimization (GOA). These five techniques are compared based on their performance and time. All the techniques are tested on the same initial population. Moreover, the same experiment design (number of trials, iterations and individuals) is used in all the techniques. Among these techniques, ANN-GA and ANN-GWO show comparable and better performance than ANN-WOA, ANN-DA and ANN-GOA. The performance of ANN-GA can be improved by increasing the number of solutions and iterations. ANN-GWO showed a competitive performance among all algorithms with moderate number of solutions and iterations. ANN-GWO converges faster to solutions, which makes it more practical for faster and automatic processing. ANN-GA shows stable and robust performance with respect to ANN-GWO.
Reduction From Module-SIS to Ring-SIS Under Norm Constraint of Ring-SIS

Lattice-based cryptographic scheme is constructed based on hard problems on a lattice such as the short integer solution (SIS) problem and the learning with error (LWE).However, the cryptographic scheme based on SIS or LWE is inefficient since the size of the key is too large.Thus, most cryptographic schemes use the variants of LWE and SIS with ring and module structures.Albrecht and Deo showed that there is a reduction from module-LWE (M-LWE) to ring-LWE (R-LWE) in the polynomial ring by handling the error rate and modulus.However, unlike the LWE problem, the SIS problem does not have an error rate, but there is the upper bound β on the norm of the solution of the SIS problem.In this paper, we propose the two novel reductions related to module-SIS (M-SIS) and ring-SIS (R-SIS) on a polynomial ring.We propose (i) the reduction from R-SIS q k ,m k ,β k to R-SIS q,m,β and (ii) the reduction from M-SIS to R-SIS under norm constraint of R-SIS.Combining these two results implies that R-SIS for a specified modulus and number samples is more difficult than M-SIS under norm constraints of R-SIS, which provides the range of possible module ranks for M-SIS.From the reduction we propose, contrary to the widely known belief, our result shows that there is a possibility that the security parameters of M-SIS may be less secure when it reduces to R-SIS for the theoretical reasons presented in this paper.Therefore, when generating parameters on an M-SIS structure, the theoretical security level over R-SIS also should also be checked at the same time.INDEX TERMS Lattice-based cryptography, learning with error (LWE), module-short integer solution (M-SIS) problem, ring-short integer solution (R-SIS) problem, short integer solution (SIS) problem.
The Increasing Importance of Digital Forensics and Investigations in Law Enforcement, Government and Commercial Sectors

Digital forensics and investigations play an increasingly important role in a broad range of scenarios, such as those in pandemics (e.g. COVID-19 contact tracing), criminal cases, civil litigations, and national security cases. In this book, the editors documented their education and research activities with students enrolled in the Master of Science (MSc) in Forensic Computing and Cybercrime Investigation program at University College Dublin, Ireland, who are also from the law enforcement and government community in Canada, Ireland, Germany, The Netherlands, and United Kingdom. Collaboratively, the authors focused on topics ranging from Internet of Things (IoT) malware analysis, IoT testbed setup, malware analysis (e.g. ransomware), CCTV forensics, financial investigations (e.g. PayPal accounts and Bitcoins), cloud forensics, and network and ToR forensics.