Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
On the Transferability of Minimal Prediction Preserving Inputs in Question Answering

Recent work (Feng et al., 2018) establishes the presence of short, uninterpretable input fragments that yield high confidence and accuracy in neural models.We refer to these as Minimal Prediction Preserving Inputs (MPPIs).In the context of question answering, we investigate competing hypotheses for the existence of MPPIs, including poor posterior calibration of neural models, lack of pretraining, and "dataset bias" (where a model learns to attend to spurious, non-generalizable cues in the training data).We discover a perplexing invariance of MPPIs to random training seed, model architecture, pretraining, and training domain.MPPIs demonstrate remarkable transferability across domains -achieving significantly higher performance than comparably short queries.Additionally, penalizing over-confidence on MPPIs fails to improve either generalization or adversarial robustness.These results suggest the interpretability of MPPIs is insufficient to characterize generalization capacity of these models.We hope this focused investigation encourages more systematic analysis of model behavior outside of the human interpretable distribution of examples.* equal contribution 1 For question answering we construct MPPIs by only removing words from the query.Modifying the context paragraph is poorly defined in MPPI generation as it perturbs the output space, rendering an answer impossible or trivial.
Predicting and Explaining French Grammatical Gender

Grammatical gender may be determined by semantics, orthography, phonology, or could even be arbitrary.Identifying patterns in the factors that govern noun genders can be useful for language learners, and for understanding innate linguistic sources of gender bias.Traditional manual rule-based approaches may be substituted by more accurate and scalable but harder-to-interpret computational approaches for predicting gender from typological information.In this work, we propose interpretable gender classification models for French, which obtain the best of both worlds.We present high accuracy neural approaches which are augmented by a novel global surrogate based approach for explaining predictions.We introduce auxiliary attributes to provide tunable explanation complexity.
Implementation of Fuzzy C-Means for Clustering the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) Fatwa Documents

Since the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) was established in 1975 until now, this institution has produced 201 edicts covering various fields. Text mining is one of the techniques used to collect data hidden from data that form text. One method of extracting text is Clustering. The present study implements the Fuzzy C-Means Clustering method in MUI fatwa documents to classify existing fatwas based on the similarity of the issues discussed. Silhouette Coefficient is used to analyze the resulting clusters, with the best value of 0.0982 with 10 clusters grouping. Classify fatwas based on the similarity of the issues discussed can make it easier and faster in the search for an Islamic law in Indonesia.
Culturological dimensions of projective modeling of art education

The purpose of the article is to justify cultural orientation as the basis for the modernization of art education. The methodology bases on culturological, systemic, comparative-analytical approaches. The scientific novelty lies in the substantiation of promising trends in the improvement of art education in the context of modern requirements, which can become the foundation for the development of new programs, textbooks, teaching aids. Сonclusion. The dominant directions of the development of art education on a cultural basis revealed: orientation to the cultural universal as a characteristic attribute of the globalization era, updating of acmeological and hedonistic landmarks and ensuring the educational process, ensuring the national foundations of the artistic formation of personality, cultural and artistic education of students. The necessity and sufficiency of the identified trends are determined by the unity of reflection in art education of objective sociocultural factors in the development of art and the introduction of subjectively-personalized approaches to the cultural development of a person.
The Role of Modern Holographic Technology in Graphic Designs of Animated Advertising Campaigns

For a long time, Graphic design was specialized in the production of printed materials for example magazines, newspapers, books, flyers, advertising posters …etc. However, the development in the field of information technology added a lot to graphic design, it came with a standalone branch called Multimedia, which deals with computer graphics - without the need to print them - and forms them in a dynamic framework such as movies, With the ability to use sound effects, and the most popular programs dealing with this type of design is 3d Max, Maya, Macromedia Director, Adobe Flash, & Multimedia Builder. Even hand-drawn animation became drawing and moving by computer in a much less time than before. There are different types of animations but not limited to 2D animations, 3D animations, Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality …etc. The importance of the research is due to the fact that in our time, it has become of great importance to deeply use the concept and methods of graphic processing of advertising campaigns using augmented reality and three-dimensional hologram imaging and give a special character in those animated advertising campaigns. Change graphic designers' thinking about graphic designs using hologram imaging and mix it with augmented reality. It is in our modern age that it has become a phenomenon in the field of graphic design, and it must be studied with an examination to find out its results on modern thought, especially in the field of advertising and graphic advertising campaigns.
Pelatihan penyusunan artikel ilmiah bagi guru sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai Pekanbaru

This activity is motivated by the lack of understanding and ability of elementary school teachers in the preparation of scientific articles. Many teachers are still reluctant to publish research results on the grounds that they do not understand the guidelines for preparing scientific articles. This is what underlies the need to carry out this service activity with the aim of helping elementary school teachers in compiling scientific articles so that later teachers can publish articles that have been made in journals or mass media. Community service activities were carried out in January 2020 at the SDN 193 Pekanbaru teacher council room. The method used is divided into two stages, namely the delivery of material and assistance for teachers who want to compile scientific articles according to their reports. With this service activity, it can provide new concepts of knowledge for teachers so that they can compile scientific articles, especially from the results of research that has been done.
Upaya Perpustakaan dalam Membangun Kolaborasi Riset Pustakawan di Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

One of the ways to increase librarian's scientific publications is through research collaboration. Research collaboration is an intellectual activity that emphasizes the need for collaboration, communication, and the division of tasks of the research team in a research project. Librarians can carry out research collaborations with academics to enhance their role as research collaborators for institutions. The UNS Library has provided research information and research consulting services called "Klinik Pustaka Ilmiah”. This research aims to identify the various efforts of the UNS Library in increasing librarian research publications, and building research collaborations of librarians with academics (lecturers and students). This study uses a qualitative approach, with data sources from interviews and documentation. The results showed that the UNS Library's "Klinik Pustaka Ilmiah" service really supports the collaborative research activities of academic librarians, and the library has made various efforts to increase research publications and librarian research collaborations. Researchers also suggest that the UNS Library be more active to encourage librarians in institutional research collaborations, and librarians also need to improve their research competence on an ongoing basis.
Development of Mobile Learning Media in Engineering Mechanics Subjects

Low student learning outcomes in Engineering Mechanics subjects require good learning media so that it is easier to understand the material and can be seen how it works repeatedly, namely with mobile learning media. Almost all students now have smartphones, so it is better if smartphones are used as learning media. The android application in this study contains material competencies, sample questions, learning videos and interactive evaluation questions. This study aims to analyze the increase in student learning outcomes by optimizing mobile learning media. The research method is a development research method. This research procedure uses a modified 4-D model development model. The study population was 62 students. The research sample was 31 students. The data collection method used is by giving a questionnaire. The instrument used was a questionnaire in the form of a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used is primary and secondary data. The results showed that the results of the validation carried out obtained an average percentage of 88% in the valid category, so it can be concluded that the mobile learning media application is valid for use in Engineering Mechanics learning
Two-Dimensional Monte Carlo Filter for a Non-Gaussian Environment

In a non-Gaussian environment, the accuracy of a Kalman filter might be reduced. In this paper, a two- dimensional Monte Carlo Filter is proposed to overcome the challenge of the non-Gaussian environment for filtering. The two-dimensional Monte Carlo (TMC) method is first proposed to improve the efficacy of the sampling. Then, the TMC filter (TMCF) algorithm is proposed to solve the non-Gaussian filter problem based on the TMC. In the TMCF, particles are deployed in the confidence interval uniformly in terms of the sampling interval, and their weights are calculated based on Bayesian inference. Then, the posterior distribution is described more accurately with less particles and their weights. Different from the PF, the TMCF completes the transfer of the distribution using a series of calculations of weights and uses particles to occupy the state space in the confidence interval. Numerical simulations demonstrated that, the accuracy of the TMCF approximates the Kalman filter (KF) (the error is about 10−6) in a two-dimensional linear/ Gaussian environment. In a two-dimensional linear/non-Gaussian system, the accuracy of the TMCF is improved by 0.01, and the computation time reduced to 0.067 s from 0.20 s, compared with the particle filter.
Developing support teachers’ digital competencies for an inclusive citizenship

The present work focuses on the construct of digital citizenship from an educational and inclusive point of view. Considering the general European interest in implementing citizens’ digital skills and with particular care for the contemporary situation of overall emergency, due to the Covid 19 pandemic case, the idea is that of considering a possible conceptual link between digital skills and the Capability Approach. In the light of an ‘Education for all’, the aware development of teachers and, particularly support teachers’ digital skills, may be a crucial key to enact inclusive processes able to guarantee any pupil and student the chance to become a capable and valuable citizen, despite his/her frailties and social failures. This paper is part of a wider research project entitled “Best practices and tools of analysis in schools and community contexts: learning, teaching &amp; inclusion”, started in March 2019 and funded by the Department of Psychological, Pedagogical Sciences, Physical Exercise and Training, of the University of Palermo, and of which just a segment related to the analysis of support teachers’ digital competence is reported here.
Educational Media Projects In Information Environment Of The University

The article focuses on the role of media projects in journalistic education.Today, theory alone is no longer enough to form media literacy -it is necessary to gain practical skills in the development and production of media products in various formats.To this end, Department of Journalism of Novgorod State University implements a series of educational media projects within the framework of the disciplines "Media Technology: Newspaper Production" and "Plot Editing: Theory and Practice".They are based on the principle of project based learning: students learn to generate ideas and implement them, obtaining a specific result.Under the guidance of a teacher-mentor students develop the concept of educational newspaper, select the topics of publications, develop the system of columns, proofread the release, and discuss the results on the final briefing.In addition, students shoot and mount videos about topics relevant for youth: about events taking place at the university, about student life, about hobbies and internships.The continuous inclusion of students in the process of development and production of media projects of various formats allows forming in students professionally significant competences and developing a steady interest in journalism.The article shows effective mechanisms for introducing project based learning in journalistic education and emphasizes that projects should be specialized, in the chosen specialty, i.e. journalists should be engaged in journalism, doctors -in medicine, etc.Only in this case will it be possible to achieve the necessary result and avoid complaints from teaching staff, parents and students themselves.
Effect of Agricultural Financing on the Performance of Agricultural Sector in Nigeria

The study examined the effects of agricultural financing on the performance of agricultural sector in Nigeria using annual time series data. The data for the study was sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. Contribution of agriculture to GDP was used as proxy for the performance of agricultural sector, commercial banks loan to agriculture, rain fall, government expenditure to agriculture and interest rate were used as proxy for explanatory variables. Following unity in the order of integration, Johansen cointegration approach was used to check for the long run relationship among the variables. Vector autoregressive estimate the vector correction mechanism was used to examine the speed of adjustment of the variables from the short run dynamics to the long run equilibrium. The study found that there is long run relationship among the variables. Specifically; there is significant and long run effect of Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme on Contributions of agriculture to GDP. Commercial banks loans to agriculture showed positive and significant effect on Contributions of agriculture to GDP within the reference period. The coefficient of multiple determinations explained the variation in the dependent variable jointly explained by the independent variables. The study recommend that there should be increase in the amount which the agricultural credit guarantee scheme inject into the sector on annual basis and proper supervisory measures should be constituted in order to ensure efficient application and use of the money.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Online (whatsapp dan Zoom) Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

The objective of this study to determine the effect of the use of online learning media on student's learning achievement in the covid-19 pandemic. The sample in this study used a random sample from class XI Accounting 1 dan 2 SMK Kemala Bhayangkari 1 Waru Sidoarjo The research approach used in this research is quantitative research. Regression analysis in this study using SPSS 21.0 for windows software. The results showed that the use of online learning media had a positive effect on student achievement during the Covid-19 pandemic.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Proliferation of Ponzi Schemes in Nigeria Cyberspace

It appears that in any tensed situation criminal elements initiate ways of taming or enriching their insatiable desire for materialism.This paper examines COVID-19 pandemic and proliferation of Ponzi Schemes in Nigeria cyberspace.The Routine Activities Theory (RAT) was used in explaining the salient issues surrounding Ponzi schemes in COVID-19 era.The ex-post factor design which dwells on documented evidences was used.The findings revealed that poverty, lockdown, lack of palliatives, corruption, insensitivity of the government and porous cyberspace are factors that aided proliferation of Ponzi schemes in Nigeria during COVID-19 pandemic.This paper concluded that many Nigerians without palliatives were rendered vulnerable by the lockdown and government's negligence or poor mitigation approach exposed them as suitable targets for criminals (motivated offenders) to exploit, especially on the nation's porous cyberspace.It recommended amongst others that the nation's cyberspace should be tightened and adequately secured to ensure that influx of unregulated or unregistered e-businesses is minimized.This can be achieved through sending Information Technology (I.T) inclined citizens abroad to learn cyber policing or contract a renowned cyber security outfit to manage the space.The operational structure of the National Orientation Agency (NOA) should be reviewed and revived as to be responsive to issues that require public awareness or sensitization.
Agricultural Short Message Services as Information for Farmer Empowerment

Layanan Informasi Desa/Rural Information Service (LISA) is an information service for farmers based on SMS. It is used to disseminate agricultural information and provide a space for agricultural tips, ask questions and have a discussion. This study was conducted to determine the response and the perceived benefits of these services for farmer households. The study was conducted in Karawang, where LISA was launched. The results showed that the frequency of LISA’S use varied greatly from once per week to 30 times per week, but no farmer household used Android-based applications. The frequency of use of these services is significantly related to satisfaction level and is associated with the level of knowledge of farmer households. On the other hand, the frequency of use of LISA is unrelated to the characteristics of farmer households, which include age, education, sex, land ownership, as well as participation in farmer groups, and cosmopolitanism. A higher level of knowledge is also related to the suitability of the tips given by LISA and the degree of satisfaction with the LISA.
Facial Expression Recognition Using Fast Walidlet Hybrid Transform

Automatic analysis of facial expressions is rapidly becoming an area of intense interest in computer vision and artificial intelligence research communities. In this paper an approach is presented for facial expression recognition of the six basic prototype expressions (i.e., joy, surprise, anger, sadness, fear, and disgust) based on Facial Action Coding System (FACS). The approach is attempting to utilize a combination of different transforms (Walid let hybrid transform); they consist of Fast Fourier Transform; Radon transform and Multiwavelet transform for the feature extraction. Korhonen Self Organizing Feature Map (SOFM) then used for patterns clustering based on the features obtained from the hybrid transform above. The result shows that the method has very good accuracy in facial expression recognition. However, the proposed method has many promising features that make it interesting. The approach provides a new method of feature extraction in which overcome the problem of the illumination, faces that varies from one individual to another quite considerably due to different age, ethnicity, gender and cosmetic also it does not require a precise normalization and lighting equalization. An average clustering accuracy of 94.8% is achieved for six basic expressions, where different databases had been used for the test of the method.
Media Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Materi Bangun Datar dan Bangun Ruang Berbasis Web

Mathematics lessons at the elementary level in the opinion of most students are still considered difficult because of the large number of calculation formulas that must be learned and use logic in analyzing and completing calculations. The learning model currently applied is the lecture learning model by means of one-way communication where the educator is active while the students only function their senses of sight and hearing. The conventional learning model mentioned above is considered to be less exploring students' knowledge insights during the teaching and learning process. If the student's concentration is less than optimal, then the student will have difficulty accepting the material being taught at that time, especially mathematics lessons with material two-dimentional figure and geometry, considering that the material must be systematic and requires a lot of practice questions to deepen mathematical concepts and problems. Therefore, mathematics is not enough to just be studied in class. Students must learn independently outside the classroom. So that we need a media that can help students in learning outside the classroom. With the current development of information technology, especially in terms of internet use, it has an impact on changes in learning system patterns, This change in the pattern of the learning system makes the learning process more creative because learning resources are not only carried out from inside the classroom but can be done outside the classroom and discussed in the classroom together. This is the impact of the rapid development of internet technology. Therefore, the author aims to create a mathematics learning media with material two-dimentional figure and geometry web-based for elementary schools.
Elliptical Structures In Modern Internet Communication

The functioning features of elliptical structures in modern Internet communication are described in the article.The historical development of the concept of ellipsis and elliptical structures in the communicative system of the language are analyzed.Special attention is paid to the principles of communication on the Internet and the problem of situationally and contextually incomplete syntactic structures appearing due to the omission of utterance elements to convey a high degree of expressiveness and emotionality.Elliptical structures on the Internet are a communicative necessity.Nevertheless, completion of unsupported syntactic positions is possible only with the direct participation of communicators or the presence of non-verbal components of the speech situation that make it possible to fill in the missing language elements.Learning the language of Internet communication is associated with the problem of transience, short-term reservation of the message by the recipient.Comments can be deleted both by the user and by the author of the message under which they leave comments, which may lead to semantic and communicative gaps.Elliptical structures on the Internet are a communicative necessity, and often completion of unsupported syntactic positions is possible only with the direct participation of communicators or the presence of non-verbal components of the speech situation that make it possible to fill in the missing language elements at the semantic level.