Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Inter-Task Similarity for Lifelong Reinforcement Learning in Heterogeneous Tasks

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a learning paradigm in which an agent interacts with the environment it inhabits to learn in a trial-and-error way. By letting the agent acquire knowledge from its own experience, RL has been successfully applied to complex domains such as robotics. However, for non-trivial problems, training an RL agent can take very long periods of time. Lifelong machine learning (LML) is a learning setting in which the agent learns to solve tasks sequentially, by leveraging knowledge accumulated from previously solved tasks to learn better/faster in a new one. Most LML works heavily rely on the assumption that tasks are similar to each other. However, this may not be true for some domains with a high degree of task-diversity that could benefit from adopting a lifelong learning approach, e.g., service robotics. Therefore, in this research we will address the problem of learning to solve a sequence of RL heterogeneous tasks (i.e., tasks that differ in their state-action space).
A Uniform Abstraction Framework for Generalized Planning

Generalized planning aims at finding a general solution for a set of similar planning problems. Abstractions are widely used to solve such problems. However, the connections among these abstraction works remain vague. Thus, to facilitate a deep understanding and further exploration of abstraction approaches for generalized planning, it is important to develop a uniform abstraction framework for generalized planning. Recently, Banihashemi et al. proposed an agent abstraction framework based on the situation calculus. However, expressiveness of such an abstraction framework is limited. In this paper, by extending their abstraction framework, we propose a uniform abstraction framework for generalized planning. We formalize a generalized planning problem as a triple of a basic action theory, a trajectory constraint, and a goal. Then we define the concepts of sound abstractions of a generalized planning problem. We show that solutions to a generalized planning problem are nicely related to those of its sound abstractions. We also define and analyze the dual notion of complete abstractions. Finally, we review some important abstraction works for generalized planning and show that they can be formalized in our framework.
Implementation of Geolocation and Jquery Latest For Salesman Monitoring in Android Based Applications

The purpose of this study is to design a sales activity monitoring application by utilizing the existing GPS on a smartphone. This research is an experimental research with the waterfall method. There are 5 stages in the waterfall method, namely requirements analysis, system design, implementation, integration &amp; testing, operation &amp; maintenance. Testing is done by testing the latest geolocation and jquery to see the success, failure or delay in the three test locations. The result of this research is that under the tree the highest success rate is 0.875, the lowest failure rate is 0.125 and the smallest delay (distance between data entry) is 0.45. The conclusion of this study is that the tracking system using Geolocation and the Latest jQuery if implemented in an open space with conditions under trees gets the highest rating compared to other test locations
Usage of Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) by undergraduate students at Sokoine University of Agriculture

This study aims to examine the usage of Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) by undergraduate students atSokoine University of Agriculture (SUA). Specifically the study aimed to determine whether the undergraduate students were aware of OPACat Sokoine National Agricultural Library (SNAL), to examine the access to OPAC by undergraduate students at SNAL,to examine the usage of OPAC by undergraduate students at SNAL and to identify the challenges encountered by undergraduate students in the usage of OPAC at SNAL. The study involved 100 purposively selected Bachelor of Information and Records Management (BIRM) students.This cross-sectional study basically used self-administered questionnairesas data collectionmethod. The data were analysed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings of the study revealed that majority of respondents were aware of OPAC. The respondents used OPAC for various reasons including knowing the librarymaterialsavailable in the collection for a short time, locating library materials, and knowing the status of books – if they are available or on loan. OPAC are accessed from various points including in Library, Hostels,and study tables and seats made of cement locally known as vimbweta .Various ICT devices such as computers in the library, smartphones and laptops are used to access OPAC. However, some challenges such as lack of basic ICT skills, lack of training, power outage were found to be hindering the usage of OPAC. The study recommends provision of training to increase skills, increase marketing strategy and purchase of a heavy-duty automatic generator to solve the power outage challenge.
Computer-Implemented Inventions and Computer Programs – Status Quo in Slovenia and EU

In Slovenia, there is no legal basis for computer-implemented inventions, and in the European Union (EU) such inventions are not yet clearly defined. Over the last twenty years there have been many heated debates in the EU arena concerning a single legal instrument, but a final solution remains elusive. In Slovenia and the EU, legal protection of computer-implemented inventions thus remains on thin ice: there are certain non-obvious combinations for obtaining a patent, but ultimately the decisive factor may as well be how the patent application is written. This status quo therefore necessitates an examination of this field: to arrive at a legal basis that would regulate the patenting of computer-implemented inventions it is necessary to identify and address the most critical points. This paper deals with this issue. It starts by presenting examples of computer-implemented inventions, followed by an overview of the state of play – the status quo concerning legal protection in Slovenia and the EU. This paper also provides an overview of copyright as a legal basis for computer programs, which is the same in Slovenia and in the EU. Copyright is not exclusive, as computer programs are often also protected as trade secrets and as know-how.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE PLACE AND ROLE OF LEGAL EDUCATION IN THE FORMATION OF A POSITIVE LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF YOUNG PEOPLE

The article is devoted to the theoretical understanding of place and role of legal education in formation of personality's positive sense of justice as a factor determining the conscious attitude of the individual to the law, legislation and in General legal system, its intention to meet in real life the basic principles, regulations and requirements of law. At the same time, the formation of a positive legal consciousness of the individual is shown in the article as a complex process that can be achieved by coordinating the efforts of all the basic institutions of legal socialization, among which targeted legal education is considered by the authors as one of the leading means. It is concluded that positive legal awareness and legal behavior are ensured not only by legal education, but also by other social regulators, taking into account the correlation and interrelation of which can greatly help in determining the place and role of legal education of a person in the formation of his positive legal awareness.
PENERAPAN MODEL TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI VOLUME KUBUS DAN BALOK SISWA KELAS V SEMESTER 2 DI SDN 1 RARANG SELATAN TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022

The use of the Think Pair Shar (TPS) Cooperative Model in Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes on the volume of cubes and blocks for Class V Semester 2 students at SDN 1 Rarang Selatan in the 2021/2022 academic year. This study aims to: (1). Knowing student learning outcomes through the application of the TPS Model in Mathematics learning (2) knowing student activities through the application of the TPS Model in Mathematics learning. This research was conducted in the form of Classroom Action Research. The stages carried out are: Action Planning, Action Implementation, Evaluation/Observation and Reflection. The subjects of this study were 12 students of class V semester 2 of the 2021/2022 academic year. The research data are: (1). Student learning outcomes were collected through learning outcomes tests. (2). Student activities were collected through observation guidelines. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. From the results of data analysis found that: (1). The mean of student learning outcomes is 73.60. Classical completeness is 91.67% (2). Student activity in participating in learning increased at each meeting. Based on the results of the data above, the application of the Think Pair Shar (TPS) Type Model can be used as a strategy in the learning process.
Penerapan Algoritma A-Star Dalam Mencari Jalur Tercepat dan Pergerakan NonPlayer Character Pada Game Petualangan Labirin Tech-Edu

Games are a means of entertainment that are in electronic media such as smartphones that are made as attractive as possible so that players get inner satisfaction. The development of the game industry is growing quite fast from mobile to desktop. There are many categories of games such as action, strategy, sports, shooter, adventure and simulation. Adventure games are one category of games where players are trained to think in order to complete the game. There are many things that need to be considered, such as visuals on maps or interactions with NPCs (NonPlayer Character), by utilizing technology now learning can be delivered through a game. The characteristics of entertaining games and interesting visual activities will make learning more attractive. Making games will of course use algorithms as features or systems in game making. The a-star algorithm is one that is widely used in making maze games. The a-star algorithm can be applied to the help of the fastest path or movement of the NPC. The purpose of the research is to make a maze educational game using the a-star algorithm as the fastest path search and NPC movement. The test results on games on seven devices got the results that they were successfully run, in CPU usage on mobile devices a minimum of 7% and a maximum of 57%. CPU usage on desktop devices is a minimum of 2% and a maximum of 33%.
Efektivitas Edukasi Menggunakan Media Whatsapp terhadap Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Lombok Barat Menghadapi Bencana Tanah Longsor

Landslides as a natural disaster often occur due to the movement of landmasses. Lack of community preparedness in facing disasters is one of the significant risk factors for catastrophe. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of education using WhatsApp on community preparedness to face landslides. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test design with a control group. The number of samples was 30 people taken by simple random and divided into treatment and control groups. The treatment group was given educational intervention with WAG media (WhatsApp Group), while the control group was assigned a P2P (Picture to Picture) intervention. Preparedness data in the form of knowledge and attitudes were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that statistically, there was no difference in preparedness to face landslides through WAG or P2P. However, there was an increase in readiness through knowledge and attitudes in both groups. Education about landslide preparedness through WAG or P2P has the same effect in increasing public knowledge and perspectives. The information received through WAG or P2P will ultimately influence a person's experience and attitudes regarding landslide disaster preparedness.
Features of the formation of educational motivation of students in a digital educational environment

The content of the article is aimed at a comparative analysis of the level of formation of educational motivation of students in accordance with the development of digital technologies. The digitalization process will make it possible to teach students in higher educational institutions remotely and in traditional form, providing for the development of human capital. Recent experience shows that 75 % of students are proficient in using digital tools, but academic motivation to study online is low. Our research was aimed at identifying the features of the change in the level of educational motivation of students in distance online learning compared to full-time education. A comparative analysis of the features of the formation of students' motivation using psychodiagnostic methods is carried out. The results of a study of 125 university students showed that the motivation of students to study remotely differs for a number of reasons. The article describes the pedagogical and psychological factors that contribute to the formation of educational motivation of students in a digital environment, and provides a quantitative analysis of the research results.
Data-Efficient Reinforcement Learning for Malaria Control

Sequential decision-making under cost-sensitive tasks is prohibitively daunting, especially for the problem that has a significant impact on people's daily lives, such as malaria control, treatment recommendation. The main challenge faced by policymakers is to learn a policy from scratch by interacting with a complex environment in a few trials. This work introduces a practical, data-efficient policy learning method, named Variance-Bonus Monte Carlo Tree Search~(VB-MCTS), which can copy with very little data and facilitate learning from scratch in only a few trials. Specifically, the solution is a model-based reinforcement learning method. To avoid model bias, we apply Gaussian Process~(GP) regression to estimate the transitions explicitly. With the GP world model, we propose a variance-bonus reward to measure the uncertainty about the world. Adding the reward to the planning with MCTS can result in more efficient and effective exploration. Furthermore, the derived polynomial sample complexity indicates that VB-MCTS is sample efficient. Finally, outstanding performance on a competitive world-level RL competition and extensive experimental results verify its advantage over the state-of-the-art on the challenging malaria control task.
Forecasting Stock Exchange Data using Group Method of Data Handling Neural Network Approach

The increasing uncertainty of the natural world has motivated computer scientists to seek out the best approach to technological problems. Nature-inspired problem-solving approaches include meta-heuristic methods that are focused on evolutionary computation and swarm intelligence. One of these problems significantly impacting information is forecasting exchange index, which is a serious concern with the growth and decline of stock as there are many reports on loss of financial resources or profitability. When the exchange includes an extensive set of diverse stock, particular concepts and mechanisms for physical security, network security, encryption, and permissions should guarantee and predict its future needs. This study aimed to show it is efficient to use the group method of data handling (GMDH)-type neural networks and their application for the classification of numerical results. Such modeling serves to display the precision of GMDH-type neural networks. Following the US withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in April 2018, the behavior of the stock exchange data stream and commend algorithms has not been able to predict correctly and fit in the network satisfactorily. This paper demonstrated that Group Method Data Handling is most likely to improve inductive self-organizing approaches for addressing realistic severe problems such as the Iranian financial market crisis. A new trajectory would be used to verify the consistency of the obtained equations hence the models' validity.
PARENTS’ LANGUAGE ATTITUDES TOWARDS LANGUAGES AND MAINTENANCE OF HERITAGE LANGUAGE

This current research is to explore parents’ language attitudes towards languages and maintenance of heritage language and to find out the efforts of maintaining heritage language and its supporting and inhibiting factors. In this research, a questionnaire and semi-structured interview were employed to collect data. There were 62 respondents, consisting of 37 males and 25 females coming from eleven provinces in Indonesia. Questionnaires were distributed to the respondents by both electronic and direct systems. Respondents were asked to fill in the questionnaires. Interviews were conducted to some respondents. The findings of this current research reveal that most parents show positive attitudes towards languages and the maintenance of heritage language. The results also indicate that there were some factors supporting the maintenance of heritage language, including parents’ attitudes and roles, community, school, family, daily practices, and culture. In addition, there were a number of factors inhibiting to the maintenance of heritage language such as parents’ attitudes and roles, community, school, family, external culture, and technological advancements. In terms of the efforts to maintain the heritage language, the results show that the language should be taught in the families and at schools, and should be used for social interactions and in traditional and ceremonial events.
Pandemic as Opportunity : Creating and Implementing a Live Virtual Reference Desk

The COVID-19 pandemic presented the Kennesaw State University Library System with the question, " How can the library maintain live face-to-face reference services in a manner that is safe for all involved ?" Challenges to creating a live virtual reference desk that arose included the need to serve two campuses simultaneously, librarians working from home, and using conferencing technology in unexplored ways. The resulting Virtual In-Person (VIP) Reference service was the answer to our immediate situation, yet lessons were learned for future opportunities to push our services beyond the traditional.
Implementation of Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering Based on The Classification of Food Ingredients Content of Nutritional Substances

Health is something very precious. Maintaining health can be done in many ways, one of them by keeping your diet. The correct diet will keep your immune system so that it can avoid various diseases. The proper diet will also put the body in a balanced nutrition state, which all need to be nourished. Nutrient requirements include calories, protein, fat, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B, and vitamin C with a mass of 100 grams each. To facilitate the search for nutrients needed, then build a system that can categorize food based on its nutritional status and calculate the average value of nutrients in agglomerative hierarchical clustering using average linkage. Calculation of intermediate linkage methods produces data that has some similarities to the data sought nutrients that can be seen from its index, so precise data are in each group.
Statistics-Based Chain Code Compression with Decreased Sensitivity to Shape Artefacts

Chain codes compactly represent raster curves, but there is still a lot of room for improvement by means of data compression. Several statistics-based chain code compression techniques assign shorter extra codes to frequent pairs of consecutive symbols. Here we systematically extend this concept to patterns of up to six symbols. A curve may be represented by any of the exponentially many overlapped chains of codes, and the dynamic programming approach is proposed to determine the optimal chain. We also propose utilization of multiple averaged hard coded pseudo-statistical models, since the exact statistical models of individual curves are often huge, and they can also significantly differ from each other. A competitive compression efficiency is assured in this manner and, as a pleasant side effect, this efficiency is less affected by the curve’s shape, rasterization algorithm, noise, and image resolution, than in other contemporary methods, which surprisingly do not pay any attention to this problem at all.
Project Activities In The Context Of Donald Super's Concept Of Career Development

Abstract The article highlights the need to include project activities as an important component of the learning process. The purpose of project activities is to provide the necessary foundation for individuals to work on their own development and to provide the necessary aids to support the desire to grow and improve. It is suggested that Donald Super’s ideas should be taken into account when planning the stages of project activities, adding a stage for individual reflection throughout the project. The development of the child is a key task for the school, the issues of giving importance to the project activities in the curriculum are defined. The idea of using project activities as an environment for mastering competencies is put forward. A point of view on the value of mastering competencies and skills during schooling that will help be effective in the future is provided, for the purposes of our age period according to Donald Super. A viewpoint on the need for student participation in project activities in order to activate the personal qualities of participants in the learning process is outlined. Learning activities in institutions of general secondary education should be aimed at the development of the personality of education applicants. Opportunities to try themselves in "different roles as a performer" are provided exactly by the project method of learning, which corresponds to the age stage of professional development according to Donald Super. The level of conscious acquisition of knowledge and skills when working on a project or case study increases significantly and is added to the process of shaping one's career trajectory. The introduction of this type of activity in the practice of the educational institution solves a wide range of problems faced by institutions of general secondary education in the process of its functioning.&#x0D; Key words: self-determination, project activity, learning, Donald Super's theory.
The Effect of Using Guided Questions Technique on Students’ Ability in Writing Personal Letter at MAN 2 Kuantan Singingi

The objectives of this research were to know the average score of students’ ability in writing personal letter before and after being taught by using Guided Questions Technique and to examine whether there is significant effect of Guided Questions Technique on students’ ability in writing personal letter. This research was a pre-experimental design in the form of one group pre-test and post-test design on quantitative approach. The population of the research was the students of the eleventh grade at MAN 2 Kuantan Singingi consisting of 4 classes (XI IPA 1, XI IPA 2, XI IPS 1, and XI IPS 2). By having cluster sampling, it has been selected 20 students from XI IPS 1 out of 105 students on population. To collect the data, the researcher used writing test to know the students’ ability in writing personal letter. The data were analyzed by non-parametric test since the assumption of normally distributed data was not markedly violated. However, the data were interpreted by using Wilcoxon on the SPSS version 23.0 program. The result of the data analyzed showed that the mean score of the students after being taught by using Guided Questions Technique (82.81) was higher than before being taught by using Guided Questions Technique (68.59). In conclusion, the use Guided Questions Technique shows a significant effect on the students’ ability in writing personal letter at MAN 2 Kuantan Singingi.