Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Boosting Students’ Skimming Reading Skill by Using Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Learning Method

The title of this thesis is Boosting students’ skimming reading skill by using Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC ) Learning Method (A Collaborative Classroom Action Research to the Second Year Students of SMAN 1 Samalanga). The researcher put two problems of this research with the questions as follow: first, how does CIRC method improvement the second-year students of SMAN 1 Samalanga in skimming reading skill? Second, how do the students respond toward CIRC method in teaching learning process of skimming reading skill of the second-year students’ of SMAN 1 Samalanga? Based on the research problems, the purpose of this research were: first, to know the CIRC method improvement the second year students of SMAN 1 Samalanga in skimming reading skill, and second, to know the students’ skimming reading skill by using CIRC learning method. This research was a collaborative classroom action research. The research subject was the second-year students of SMAN 1 Samalanga. The sample of this research 30 students. The data was collected through the reading test, students’ observation checklist, teacher’s observation checklist and questionnaire. The data was analyzed through the descriptive qualitative research. After the researcher was done all the steps of action research (cycle 1 and cycle II) the students’ mean score increased from 60 in cycle 1 and became 80 in cycle II. Besides, from the observation checklist to the students’ activity, it was found the percentage of the students’ participation during teaching learning process in reading class increased gradually. It was proved by the result of the observation checklist were taken at the beginning of cycle 1, the percentage of the students’ participation was only 54 and became 70 in cycle II. And also, the list of questionnaires given to the students indicates that the students had positive respond toward the implementation of CIRC method in reading class. It was provided by overall mean score 3,9 that was categorized to the level of Agree.
THE ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERROR MADE BY THE STUDENTS IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT (A CASE STUDY OF SMA NEGERI 1 PEUSANGAN)

The research of an analysis of grammatical error made by the students in writing recount text has beendone at SMAN 1 Peusangan. It was begun from October 2 2020 until October 3 2020. The problem ofthis research is; What are the most common types of grammatical errors made by the students in writingrecount text. Based on the research problem, there is one purpose of the research, namely; to find outthe most common types of grammatical errors made by students in writing recount text. The scope ofthis research focused on the grammatical errors made by 1st grade students of SMAN 1 Peusangan inwriting recount text. This research is designed as qualitative research using ‘test’ as the instrument ofthe research, the data is then analyzed with three steps of procedure, namely: data reduction, datadisplay, and data verification/conclusion drawing. The results of the research on the grammatical errorsmade by 1st grade students of SMAN 1 Peusangan in writing recount text showed that, capitalization wasthe most frequent error made by the 1st grade students of SMAN 1 Peusangan with the percentage of19%, meanwhile run-on sentence was the least frequent error made by the students with the percentageof 0%. Cause of error in intralingual error contributed up to 55% or 165 errors, followed by interferenceerror which contributed up to 35% or 107 errors, and the last is developmental error that contributed upto 10% or 30 errors. Based on the results of research, it was concluded that the 1st grade students of SMAN1 Peusangan often avoid the systematic of writing without capitalize several types of word like name ofplace, country, people and also the first letter of a new sentence. Conclusion was stated based on theresult that showed capitalization had the biggest contributions on students’ grammatical errors.Key Words: Grammatical Error, Recount Text
INCREASING STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH PQRST STRATEGY (LESSON STUDY BASED FOR THE FIRST YEAR AT SMA N 1 PEUSANGAN)

The title of this research is increasing students’ ability in reading comprehension through pqrst strategy in lesson study. The objective of this research is: To describe the students’ achievement in reading comprehension by using PQRST strategy at SMAN Peusangan and to know the students’ respond through prediction strategy to the reading comprehension in recount text of grade ten students of SMA N 1 Peusangan. The data collected through the observation sheet, text, and test. This research uses lesson study in the teaching process and this research was done in two meeting. The research subject was the first year students of SMA N 1 Peusangan. The sample of this resarch was were 21 students. The data was collected through the observation sheet, text, and test.The data was analyzed through Quantitative Recount Text in conducting the research. The procedure of lesston study of lesson study: Plan, Do, See. After the researcher was done all the the steps of action the result of students’ means score for the first meeting was 66,90 it does not meets the criteria, then the researcher decide to continue for the second meeting the students’ score was 85 and it meets the criteria of SMA N 1 Peusangan. The finding of the researcher also showed that PQRST Strategy in Lesson Study model can icreas the students’ reading comprehension, it was showed from the result of students mastery recoun text. The result of this study indicate that reading can add insight and new vocabulary, because by reading students would get a lot of new words that were not yet know, therefore reading be able to increase students’ vocabulary and the steps of the PQRST strategy can help students understand the text more easly bisides that students also mindset broad and sharp.
THE APPLICATION OF MERRY GO AROUND TECHNIQUE IN DEVELOPING THE STUDENTS’ READING ABILITY (A COLLABORATIVE CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH TO THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF MTSN DEWANTARA)

The title of this research is The Application of Merry Go Around Technique In Developing the Students’ Reading Ability (A Collaborative Classroom Action Research to the Second Year Students of MTsN Dewantara). The problems of this research are: 1)How does Merry Go Arround technique can improve the students’ ability in mastering reading of the second year students of MTsN Dewantara?. 2) How does Merry Go Arround technique can improve the students’ motivation of MTsN Dewantara in learning reading?. The Purpose of the Research are : 1) To know how the Merry Go Arround technique can improve the students’ ability in mastering reading of the second year students of MTsN Dewantara. 2) To know how the Merry Go Arround technique can improve the students’ motivation in learning reading of MTsN Dewantara in learning reading. Reading is defined as the level of understanding of writing. Proficient reading depends on the ability to recognize words quickly and effortlessly. Merry Go Around technique is the way to generate the activity and should answering the question inform of around and compounding the way of hand our. The methodology of this research is Collaborative Classroom Action Research; the setting of this research was MTsN Dewantara. The sample of this research was the second year students of class VIII/C which total students was 30 students. The instruments used in this research are: test, observation sheet, questionnaire, and field note. The result of this research are: the answer of the first problem was, the students’ ability in mastering reading by using Merry go Around technique improved, it showed by increased of the first cycle was 62, but it did not find the criteria of succes, so the resarcher continued to next cycle and the researcher found 76. It meant the students’ score improve significantly. The result of questionnaire also in level 3 by the range score 3.9 and 3.8. It meant that the students had positive response toward Merry go Around technique in improving reading. It could be seen from the result of questionnaire analysis that consisted in number 3.8 and 3.9. It stood in the criteria of the success. So that, the researcher concluded that the students were happy and their motivation improved.&#x0D;
Improving the Students’ Listening Ability through Broadcast Voice of America (VOA) Learning English to the Second Grade Students of SMAN 1 Peusangan Siblah Krueng

This study describes classroom action research conducted in the second grade of SMAN 1 Peusangan Siblah Krueng to improve students' listening Ability through the application of Broadcast Voice of America (VOA) Learning English as a media. The research method used in this class is a collaborative classroom action research method by collaborating with the English teacher at SMAN 1 Peusangan Siblah Krueng. This classroom action research was carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of 4 stages, namely the planning stage, the implementation stage, the observation stage and finally the reflection stage. To obtain data in this study, qualitative and quantitative data were used as seen from various activities carried out in improving listening ability through the application of Broadcast Voice of America (VOA) Learning English. The purpose of this research is to know Broadcast Voice of America (VOA) Learning English improve the students listening ability, to know the students’ response toward in listening ability after using Broadcast Voice of America (VOA) Learning English, and to find out the teacher performance in teaching and learning process by the implementation of Broadcast Voice of America (VOA) Learning English.
USING EXTENSIVE READING TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN READING COMPREHENSION AT MAN 1 BIREUEN IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2020/2021

The title of this thesis is Using Extensive Reading to improve the students’ Ability in reading comprehension at MAN I Bireuen in academic year 2020/2021(A Collaborative Classroom Action Research). From the title above, the researcher found some problem from the students, the students had got less information, the students did not know the main ideas in paragraph, the students had difficulty to comprehend the text they read. So, the researcher put three problems of this research with the questions as follow: first, how can Extensive Reading improve the students’ ability in reading comprehension? Second, how do the students respond toward the implementation of extensive reading in improving students’ ability in reading comprehention. Three, how is the implementation of extensive reading in improving students ability in reading comprehension? Based on the research problems, the purpose of this research were: first, to know the improvement students’ ability in reading comprehension through Extensive Reading. Second, to find out the process of the implementation of Extensive Reading in reading comprehention. And the three, to know the students respond toward the implementation of Extensive Reading. This research was a collaborative classroom action research that was done in two cycles. The research was a collaborative classroom action research that was done in two cycles. The research sample of this research was 20 students. The data was collected through the field note, reading test, students’ observation checklist, the teacher’s observation checklist, and questionnaire. The data was analyzed through the descriptive qualitative research. The research was conducted into two cycles, the procedure of action research: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The first cycle consisted of third meetings, and the second cycle consisted of two meetings. After the researcher was done all the steps of action research (cycle 1 and cycle 2) the students’ means increased from 53 in cycle 1 became 78 in cycle II. The finding of the research also showed that Extensive Reading can improve the students’ reading narrative text, it was showed from the result of students’ mastery reading test in each cycle which the action implemented.&#x0D;
THE EFFECT OF THE CAKE PLATFORM TOWARD STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILLS (A Pre-Experimental Research to the First-grade IPS 1 Students at SMAN 1 Peudada)

ABSTRACT&#x0D; The title of this research is the effect of cake platform toward students’ speaking skills (An experimental research to the first grade IPS-1 students of SMAN 1 peudada). The problem of this research 1) is the Cake platform can improve students’ speaking skills of the first-grade IPS 1 students at SAMN 1 Peudada? 2) is the use of the Cake platform effective toward speaking skills of the first-grade IPS 1 students at SMAN 1 Peudada?. The purpose of this research 1) to determine whether or not the Cake platform can improve students’ speaking skills of the first–grade IPS 1 students at SMAN 1 Peudada. 2) to determine whetheror not the Cake platforms effective toward speaking skills of the first grade IPS 1 students at SMAN 1 Peudada. The methodology of this research was a pre-experimental design. The population of this research was SMAN 1 Peudada. The sample of this research was first-grade IPS 1 which consist 28 students in the class. The used of intrument of this research was speaking test and questionnaire. Data were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS Statistics Output, such as the Normality Test and Paired-Sample T-test. Meanwhile, the average pre-test and post-test speaking scores were analyzed differently based on specific objectives. The use of the Cake platform as a medium to improve students' speaking skills is effective, this can be seen from the average post-test reading comprehension score µ = 76.25 higher than the pre-test reading comprehension average score. From the data analysis, the results of the Paired-Sample T-test were 0.000 &lt;0.05 with a significant value if Sig. (2-tailed) &lt; 0.05 means there is a significant difference, with normally distributed data, Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.434 on the basis of the Normality Test decision making using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov significance data, if the significance value is &gt; 0.05 then the residual value is normally distributed. Thus, the alternative research hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. It can be interpreted that the influence of the Cake platform as a media for improving students' speaking skills is an effective strategy for students to improve their speaking.
IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL BY IMPLEMENTATION TEAM-BASED LEARNING (TBL) (A COLLABORATIVE CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH AT SMA NEGERI 3 BIREUEN)

This study aims to see whether the grade XI students of SMA Negeri 3 Bireuen get high scores in improving their English speaking skills using the Team-Based Learning method compared to the average scores of students using conventional methods. Methodology of this research is used collaborative classroom action research (CCAR). The researcher tried to improve students' speaking skills through the Team-Based Learning (TBL) method in this research. The researcher would use quantitative data as data collection. The data was collected from test, questionares, and an observation checklist. Thus, from this study, the researcher drew the following conclusions: The application of the Team-Based Learning (TBL) learning method improved students speaking skills in pronunciation accuracy and vocabulary suitability and students confidenced in speaking to second class SMA Negeri 3 Bireuen this could be proven through the results of students speaking test scores, namely in the cycle 1 got the result 46.67 or “good” categorized while in cycle 2 it reaches 86.67 or “excellent” categorized. The Students responses to the use of Team-Based Learning learning methods get satisfactory results. It could be seen that most students had a good response and are happy in learning to use this method. This could be seen from the results of the questionnaires answered by the students and the results of 3.65 (Strongly Agree). Based on the findings, the researcher conclude that the use of Team-Based Learning Method (TBL) in improving the speaking skills of students in the second class SMA Negeri 3 Bireuen Experienced a significant increased.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF WHISPERING GAME TECHNIQUE TO ENHANCE THE STUDENTS’ LISTENING SKILL

The research was conducted in Collaborative Classroom Action at SMA Negeri 3 Bireuen. The aims of the research are: 1). To know Whispering Game Technique can improve the students’ listening skill to the eleventh-grade students of SMA Negeri 3 Bireuen. 2). To investigate the students’ response toward the implementation of Whispering Game Technique in learning listening skill. The subject of the research was the eleventh-grade students of SMA Negeri 3 Bireuen. The research data was collected from observation checklist, listening test, questionnaire and field note. The data was analyzed in qualitative and qualitative research. The researcher found some research results. The first, the result findings from the students’ listening test in cycle one was 48.81 and became to 77.72 in cycle 2. The second result finding was found from the observation of the teacher’s performance was 60% in cycle I and increase to 80%. Meanwhile, the percentage of students’ activities in the first cycle was found 53% and increase to 75%. The third result finding found that the result of students’ response toward the implementation of Whispering Game Technique. Based on the result, the students gave good (positive response) about the technique. It could be seen from the category of questionnaire result showed that in “strongly agree” category or in level 3.78. From the results findings above, it could be concluded that Whispering Game Technique improves the students’ listening skill.
Tinjauan Sistem Akad Dalam Program Ojo Percoyo Rentenir (Ojir) Baznas Kota Malang

The rise of renternir practices with various facilities makes people in need interested in using their services. The existence program of the Ojo Percoyo Renternir (OJIR) as an effort to eradicate renternir from the Malang city government in collaboration with BAZNAS Malang City and BPR Tugu Artha Sejahtera. OJIR provides interest-free loan services to Mustahik / UMKM, which is actually the cost is the distribution of zakat infaq and shadaqah funds that are calculated to be msutahik and paid in the form of subsidies. So that the OJIR Program looks to have applied the concept of sharia. This research was conducted to reveal a review of sharia agreements used in the OJIR program. In the study using qualitative methods that are descriptive, historical, expolarative and in-depth to the recipients of OJIR and BAZNAS Malang City as subjects studied. From the results of boxing it was revealed that the OJIR Program leads to Qard al-Hasan because it meets the criteria of his contract. And it does not lead to a Kafalah contract because it has a mismatch with its contract.
Federated Learning Architecture: Design, Implementation, and Challenges in Distributed AI Systems

Federated learning has emerged as a promising paradigm in the domain of distributed artificial intelligence (AI) systems, enabling collaborative model training across decentralized devices while preserving data privacy. This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of federated learning architecture, encompassing its design principles, implementation strategies, and the key challenges encountered in distributed AI systems. We delve into the underlying mechanisms of federated learning, discussing its advantages in heterogeneous environments and its potential applications across various domains. Furthermore, we analyse the technical intricacies involved in deploying federated learning systems, including communication efficiency, model aggregation techniques, and security considerations. By synthesizing insights from recent research and practical implementations, this paper offers valuable guidance for researchers and practitioners seeking to leverage federated learning in the development of scalable and privacy-preserving AI solutions.
FOSTERING THE CHARACTER OF LOVE FOR THE HOMELAND THROUGH THE SMART CARD LEARNING MEDIA IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

The application of character in the school environment still needs to be developed further. This research tries to implement character values into the learning process. Learning is designed according to syntax containing the character of love for the homeland through smart card media. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research. The informants involved in this research were the principal, class V teacher, and class V students at Elementary School (ES) Baban I Sumenep, East Java, Indonesia. The data collection technique in this research is using questionnaires and observation. The data analysis technique used is a descriptive statistical analysis to obtain the percentage value of student activity toward character learning treatment. These findings show that student activity was 85% of Observer I and 88.5% of Observer II with very good criteria. The percentage of questionnaire scores obtained after character learning was 82.6%. Before character learning was carried out, the questionnaire score percentage was 72.4%. Developing the character of love for the homeland through smart card learning media can optimize a sense of courtesy, mutual respect between others, and mutual love and appreciation for the services of heroes.
Smart Sukuk Berbasis Blockchain Tinjauan Maqasid Syariah Al-Najjar

The concept of Blockchain-based Smart Sukuk involves the use of Blockchain technology and smart contracts in the issuance and execution of Sukuk. Smart Sukuk and Blockchain: One of the innovations of Blockchain systems is smart sukuk. Effective issuance of smart sukuk allows small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to take advantage of it. Because it increases transparency and eliminates the possibility of fraud or speculation in sukuk transactions, Blockchain is a technology that builds trust between issuers and investors. Smart Contracts: Smart contracts run on the Ethereum Blockchain and allow smart sukuk to be automated and executed digitally. Smart contracts eliminate some of the components and parties involved in conventional sukuk, such as trustees, registrars, payment agents, calculation agents, arrangers, listing agents, transfer agents, and security depository. MSME Financing Potential: Blockchain-based Smart Sukuk has the potential to support the development of MSMEs and the deepening of the Islamic financial sector. Efficiency and Transparency: The use of Blockchain technology in Smart Sukuk can increase efficiency, transparency, and cost, allowing companies to utilize sukuk structures more efficiently
ANALYSIS STUDENTS DIFFICULTY IN READING ENGLISH ARTICLE

English is a foreign language for Indonesians, it is possible that students who study English have difficulty understanding in reading, because of limited understanding, or wrong reading. This research will be conducted at Ninth Grade Students of Junior High School 6 Mandau. This study used purposive sampling because all participants who were allowed to participate were students who had problems in reading English articles.Researchers discovered from the study's findings that a number of factors influence how challenging it is to read English-language publications. Environmental and psychological elements were used by researchers to determine which factor had the most influence. Learning English articles is not easy. Based on the research, there are difficulties that students experience in learning English articles. These are problems with Grammar, Problems with Vocabulary, and Individual Personality. For further research in foreign language learning, it is hoped that this study can be a source of knowledge and/or information to dig deeper into the problems in learning English. Therefore, there will be rich information on how to overcome these problems.