Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood Distance Estimation for Tree-Based Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Density Based Data Clustering

Clustering algorithms partition data points of a dataset depending on their similarity. As this process is unsu-pervised, validation is a crucial part of this method. Generally, the optimal clusters are verified using external information about the dataset which represents the true clusters of the data points. But in real life datasets, these ground truth information are not always present. That is why internal validation is used which can validate the clusters only using features of the data points. In this paper, internal validation (S_Dbw) is used on a previously proposed tree-based hybrid genetic algorithm for density based data clustering so that the minimum neighborhood distance can be estimated without using ground truth information. Four datasets from UCI Machine Learning Repository were used in this experiment. The proposed model outperforms the existing algorithms for Seeds and Parkinson's datasets. For Wine dataset the result is close but less accurate. But for Iris dataset, the model does not perform well because of overlapping of the clusters.
Inception V3 Based Transfer Learning Model for the Prognosis of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia from Microscopic Images

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cancer is a serious, rapidly growing disease that can be lethal. It is one of the most common pediatric cancer all over the world. Even the slightest delay to identify ALL, can put one's life at stake. Diagnosing leukemia traditionally requires many lab tests and a physician's prognosis, both of which can be time intensive and erroneous. The task of distinguishing lymphoblasts cells from normal cells can be difficult since the two cells look identical morphologically under the microscope. In this study, an efficient and effective transfer-learning-based CNN model was proposed which could precisely classify the affected cell from the data distribution. The proposed model was based on Inception V3 architecture. This architecture was selected after comparing the performances of other state-of-the-art convolutional neural network models. Inception V3 architecture was used for feature extraction in the first stage and then trainable dense layers with various numbers of neurons are added further for deep neural connection and classification. This part was introduced to find the necessary features and map them to get better classification results. The suggested model achieved overall accuracy of 98.00%, precision of 98.00% and F1-score of 98.00%. The suggested model may aid our physicians to diagnose ALL precisely and rapidly.
BornomalaNet: An Effective Approach for Handwritten Bengali Characters Recognition by Using a Low-cost Convolutional Neural Network

Bengali handwritten character recognition is useful for historical documents recognition, bank checks and postcards recognition, Bengali number-plate recognition and so on. However, unlike other popular language of the world, Bengali is more difficult in terms of handwritten character recognition as Bengali handwritten characters have complex curvatures. Moreover, some of the handwritten Bengali characters have multiple writing fashions. With approximately 400 handwritten characters, Bengali also has some extremely similar characters which are difficult to distinguish using machine learning classifiers. Previously, many studies have been conducted for near-accurate recognition of Bengali handwritten character recognition. However, this domain still suffers from two major dilemmas i.e., lack of low-cost convolutional neural network (CNN) and lack of complete and balanced dataset. To resolve the first issue, in this research, we have proposed a low-cost CNN called ‘BornomalaNet’ that utilizes only 1.94 million parameters. In this paper, BornomalaNet has been applied on four popular and publicly accessible datasets and achieved 98.36%, 99.13%, 96.09%, and 98.11% overall accuracy for the CMATERdb, NumtaDB, Ekush and BanglaLekha datasets respectively. Experimental results showed that the proposed model has outperformed the recent studies by a significant margin. To resolve the second issue, a custom dataset have been build called ‘Bornomala’ dataset consisting of 107 classes i.e., 10 numerals, 50 basic characters, 19 modifiers, 27 punctuations and 1 special character. Experimental results showed the proposed approach has achieved 98.08% overall accuracy on the Bornomala dataset which is better than popular transfer learned models as well.
BE-Voting: A Secure Blockchain Enabled Voting System

Blockchain is a distributed ledger shared among the participants ensuring transparent and secured transactions over the network. Existing voting systems for selecting eligible candidates may be unable to maintain transparency, privacy, and security. A blockchain-based voting system can resolve these issues through decentralized nodes and end-to-end verification advantages. Thus, integrating blockchain into the traditional voting system may provide a more reliable and secure electronic voting procedure. This research aims to propose an alternative solution to the conventional voting system named ‘BE-Voting’ using blockchain technology in the context of Bangladesh that will preserve the integrity of the votes with distributed, non-repudiation, and security protection characteristics. A prototype of the proposed system was developed and evaluated regarding data analysis and comparison with existing systems.
Identifikasi Potensi Longsor Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis di Kecamatan Sembalun Kabupaten Lombok Timur

This study aims to assess and map the spatial potential of landslides based on a geographic information system in Sembalun District. Field surveys were carried out from May to July 2020 on a land area of ​​18,318.45 Ha. Field observations include land characteristics, climatic characteristics (rainfall), soil properties in various types of land use. (shrubs, plantations, open land, dry land agriculture, residential and industrial areas, primary and secondary dryland forest. Soil sampling at a depth of 0-15 cm is carried out in a composite manner at 16 sampling points to determine soil properties, namely permeability, texture, structure and status of soil organic matter Data processing (slope, rainfall, geology, land use and erodibility) for the mapping process in the form ofshapefileand generate landslide prone maps from the overlay process. Landslide potential estimation using the method specified by Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation/DVMBG (2004). Score = (30% x rainfall class factor) + (20% x geology) + (20% x Erodibility class factor) + (15% x land use) + (15% x slope class factor). The results showed that around 32% (5,901.53 Ha) of the area of ​​Sembalun Subdistrict were in a high vulnerability status to landslide potential, 49% (8,911.39 Ha) were at moderate vulnerability status and 19% (3,505.71 Ha) had low vulnerability. The variables of erodibility and slope are the variables that show the most significant contribution to the potential for landslides in the area.
Discrete Structure of H-Systems and Background on Finite State Machines

In this chapter, some properties of the Finite State Machine $$M=\left( Q,Q_{0},Y,h,E\right) $$ defined in Eq. (2.5), which abstracts the dependence of the discrete dynamics of $$\mathcal {H}$$ from its continuous evolution, are analyzed. In particular, we introduce the notions of Strongly connected components, Persistent states, and Traps. Then, several transformations of the FSM are illustrated, which preserve the relevant information needed to check observability properties of the H-system.
Markov Chains and Harmonic Functions

The study of transient random walks is inextricably tied to the theory of harmonic functions for the step distribution, as these functions determine hitting probabilities of various sorts. Much of the theory of harmonic functions does not require the homogeneity of the transition probabilities that comes with random walks; rather, the natural setting for the theory is the world of countable-state Markov chains. Random walks on finitely generated groups are Markov chains; as we will see, so are a number of auxiliary processes constructed from random walks.
Development and Validation of an optimized syndromes block for reed solomon decoder

Reed Solomon decoder plays an indispensable role in many applications involving data transmission, storage applications and Video broadcasting DVB-T and DVB-S2. In this work we propose a new optimized parallel syndrome block [67] for the Reed Solomon RS code (15,11) used in digital Video broadcasting DVB-T. Therefore, this proposed parallel block is compared to the serial syndrome block existing. On the basis of this technique a new architecture based on three syndromes in parallel is developed. This technique reduces both the energy consumption and the number of iterations. The RS code (15, 11) is composed of 255 symbols that are multiples of 3. The symbols are entered in parallel in the syndrome block. These decoding algorithms developed in this work are compared with the existing algorithms, and they are evaluated through a simulation using the hardware description language VHDL, then they are implemented on a Xilinx Spartan type FPGA card using the XILINX software.
Distributed Authentication in a Multi-Zone Direct Acyclic Graph Blockchain for IoT Environment

This research paper presents an indepth examination of the security aspects of the Multiple Zone Direct Acyclic Graph Blockchain (MZ-DAG Blockchain) framework. The MZ-DAG Blockchain features a security layer that implements a non-clonable physical function-based validation mechanism for the authentication of multiple certificates within the blockchain. To enhance the security of this layer, this study proposes the integration of a lightweight intrusion detection system specifically designed for the MZ-DAG Blockchain. This work is a contribution to the ongoing efforts to secure and streamline the implementation of blockchain networks in resourceconstrained environments.
Strategic Planning and Policy Framework for Implementation of Blockchain Technology in Education in India

Blockchain technology is considered to be one of the most significant innovations in information technology of the 21st century. There is a wide spectrum of application of this technology in sectors including education. In view of the increasing popularity, greater acceptance, and merits of this technology, the Government in India has initiated steps towards adopting this technology. Blockchain technology as an important research area has the potential for its application in various domains (i.e., governance, banking and finance, education, cyber security, etc.). The objectives of this chapter are to showcase the strategic planning and policy framework for implementation of this technology in India and provide an insight into the international scenario and current status of implementation of blockchain technology across sectors in India. It deliberates upon the multidimensional use of blockchain and analyses the challenges in its implementation and the way ahead for this technology in education in India.
Augmenting Learner Support Services With the Use of Blockchain Technology

The potential of implementation of blockchain technology in education to manage different internal processes seems quite obvious. The chapter discusses different areas of the open and distance learning system in general and learner support services in particular in which use of BCT can be a promising pay-off. The chapter focuses on the introduction of blockchain: how it started and recent developments, open and distance learning system in India, learner support services in open and distance learning, BCT in India, strategies of the government of India to augment blockchain, application of blockchain in open and distance learning in general and learner support services in particular, challenges in implementation of blockchain in open and distance learning and learner support in the country, and its implications.
Get Ready for Blockchain Technology

The fourth industrial revolution is peeping through blockchain technology since the invention of the steam engine, electricity, and information technology. It has come up with a lot of expectations and is now considered a ‘disruptive technology' stirring the fabric of society to its roots. This desk research concentrates on evaluating its potential for Indian schools. How could blockchain contribute to effective schooling in India? What could be the possible framework to implement this technology for progressive changes in schools? A thorough review of the existing literature and the Indian context reveals that blockchain is promising for Indian schools providing enhanced digital accuracy, openness, cost-saving operations, and a heightened constructivist learning paradigm. Based on these assumptions, the author has proposed a framework for blockchain implementation (FBI) in school operations which could be a substantial contribution to the ‘glocal' management of blockchain technology in schools.
From Black to Green

Blockchain technology, which is one of the powerful tools that can be used in the development of education systems, is among the technologies that are abstained from for environmentally friendly activities due to its high level of energy consumption and gas emissions. However, there is not enough data that blockchain technology harms the environment or consumes more energy than other technologies. It is thought that this technology, which is more flexible than many technologies and will strengthen education systems, can be used in the design of environmentally friendly learning environments. Based on this idea, the authors drew a general framework about eco-friendly learning, green technologies, and blockchain in the chapter and presented suggestions for the design of environmentally friendly learning environments in the context of use cases of blockchain technology in education.
Potential of Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain Technology in the Collaboration and Integration of the Retail Supply Chain

The application of Industry 4.0 technologies in the supply chain of organisations has progressively become a hot topic. These disruptive technologies have contributed to enhance efficiency, performance, and sustainability in the organizational ecosystems. However, the globalized retail industry is confronting several challenges pertaining to collaboration and integration. Hence, a thorough review is imminent to explore the potentials of Industry 4.0 technologies such as internet of things (IoT) and blockchain technology to address the challenge of achieving collaboration and integration across the retail supply chains. To address this, a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology is adopted to retrieve current academic publications from the SCOPUS database for the period of 2018-2021. Descriptive and thematic analysis is done to reveal various characteristics, themes, potentials, and relationships in achieving collaboration and integration across the retail supply chains. The findings also suggest some suggestions for small and medium enterprises and future directions.
Blockchain

This chapter looks at blockchain technology from a legal perspective and discusses the opportunities, risks, and challenges that surround the use of this technology. It adopts a three-pronged approach to discussing blockchain technology, how it can be leveraged, and the challenges that must be addressed before it can be adopted. The three areas of discussion are 1) legal and regulatory compliance issues; 2) the various business applications, possible risks, and how they are addressed, and 3) the possibilities for harnessing this technology for well-being and welfare of the general public.
The Impact of Blockchain Technology on Accounting, Auditing, and Assurance Practices

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of blockchain technology on accounting, auditing, and assurance practices. For this purpose, the relevant national and international literature on the accounting, auditing, and assurance practices of blockchain technology has been reviewed. As a result of the research, the advantages and disadvantages of blockchain technology were evaluated and categorized. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the blockchain technology has a great effect on accounting, auditing, and assurance.
Internal Audit Functions in Cyber Security Governance

Cyber-attacks have been brought into the critical risk category with rising technology usage and emerging developments in digital transformation that have been dominating service sectors like banking. The assurance of the validity of the activities, which are being coordinated in cyber security governance mechanisms of the banks, is needed to ensure the financial transactions are being driven between acceptable risk levels. The control of risk management operations for cyber security processes should be performed with the support of audit units of the banks. Because of the forementioned reasons, the responsibility fields of internal audit teams in cyber security management processes are deeply examined through the Delphi technique in this chapter, which is derived from the doctoral thesis research study. On this basis, blockchain technology is going to be explored from the point of technical concepts and policy framework to propose a set of solutions for continuous audit methods in cyber security governance.
RESEARCH OF ALGORITHM FOR EXPANDING THE DATABASE OF TRAINING DATASETS OF A GENERATIVE-ADVERSARIAL NETWORK

The paper presents the results of calculations and tests of the developed dataset expanding algorithm for training a generative-adversarial network. The research was conducted on two types of malicious software: mimikatz and cring. The boosting method was chosen as a method for expanding the database of datasets. The process of expanding the database of datasets was carried out in a granular manner, using timestamps. Simulation of the algorithm operation at different iterations and visualization of the results have been carried out.
Interactions to Be: The Case of Speculative Interactive Print Media

As interaction design is clarified as a physical/digital area, media usually considered to be devoid of interactive capacity can gain new encouragement in their relationship with people. Print media, which have played an important cultural, economic and social role, have been declining in recent decades, becoming a preferred media for experimenting with interactive features. We have conducted an exploratory study of print related media as interactive systems, by making a characterization of print media, articulating with physical interaction and presenting different cases, their characteristics and relevance for interactive purposes. We collected several projects as examples of print media being understood or connected with interactive systems. For each project, in addition to a synthesis description, we noted the type of media, materials and technologies used, types of interaction and usage context. Results show that approaches to relate interaction with print media are experimental, most at a prototype stage and with a speculative design proposals frame, revealing interventions that allow us to understand printed artefacts as interactive interfaces and as opportunities for future work in interaction design.
Design from Within. A Study for Endemic and Endogenous Design Processes

“Designing From Within” stands for a specific area of interest and a related new design approach characterized by endogenous and endemic processes. Starting from a culture studies theoretical framework, in which anthropology intertwine with artifacts’ social life, in this paper, we will investigate the possibility to think of designed objects as a direct and pure representation of humans’ activities (=endogenous), and/or rooted in specific geographical and cultural contexts (=endemic). Moreover, we will analyze how adjacent subjects, such as material studies and circular design could play a fundamental role in explaining how endemic and endogenous design is defined and what are its principles and methods. Finally, we will illustrate and reflect on a case study based on the use of bioplastics within the viticulture sector providing a ground for reflection on a specific design scenario within which to test our assumptions.
Big Data-Based Recommendation Algorithm in E-commerce Personalized Marketing

E-commerce recommendation algorithm is the core of the entire recommendation system, which plays a very important role in e-commerce personalized marketing. Its recommendation accuracy and efficiency directly affect the overall performance of the recommendation system. E-commerce recommendation algorithm based on data mining technology, in-depth analysis of various user data especially user access data, get each user's hobbies, interests and specific buying behavior characteristics. This paper analyzes the related technologies and algorithms of e-commerce recommendation system, and proposes the architecture of e-commerce recommendation system based on user behavior data. In order to meet the requirements of recommendation accuracy and real-time performance, the recommendation module designed in this paper is mainly composed of three modules: content-based recommendation module, collaborative filtering algorithm-based recommendation module and user behavior-based recommendation module, and the functions and technologies of each part are specifically analyzed. Finally, a personalized marketing scenario is created to evaluate the effect of the recommendation system.
Critical Transition: Merging Approaches Toward Sustainability

This paper suggests that merging Critical Design and Transition Design approaches might mutually complement them and increase their efficiency in inducing change. The discourse departs from acknowledging the necessity for a large-scale transition towards sustainable lifestyles. It recognizes as problematic the current mainstream design approaches that are focussed on immediate problems and ‘technological fixes’ within the dominant socio-economic paradigm. The emerging Transition Design is a promising step towards tackling transition as a systems-level issue, and towards conception of entirely new lifestyles. Critical Design is already recognized as a useful tool within one stage of the Transition Design – the visioning. In this paper, however, the two design approaches are shown to have considerable similarities and hence their relationship could be expanded. Critical Design could productively contribute also to adopting a different mindset, proposing other values, and in facilitating research and participation.