Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Semantically Meaningful Metrics for Norwegian ASR Systems

Evaluation metrics are important for quanitfying the performance of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems.However, the widely used word error rate (WER) captures errors at the word-level only and weighs each error equally, which makes it insufficient to discern ASR system performance for downstream tasks such as Natural Language Understanding (NLU) or information retrieval.We explore in this paper a more robust and discriminative evaluation metric for Norwegian ASR systems through the use of semantic information modeled by a transformer-based language model.We propose Aligned Semantic Distance (ASD) which employs dynamic programming to quantify the similarity between the reference and hypothesis text.First, embedding vectors are generated using the Nor-BERT model.Afterwards, the minimum global distance of the optimal alignment between these vectors is obtained and normalized by the sequence length of the reference embedding vector.In addition, we present results using Semantic Distance (SemDist), and compare them with ASD.Results show that for the same WER, ASD and SemDist values can vary significantly, thus, exemplifying that not all recognition errors can be considered equally important.We investigate the resulting data, and present examples which demonstrate the nuances of both metrics in evaluating various transcription errors.
Navigation of Robot-Formation via Overlap-Induced Equilibrium Points in Uncertain Environments

We propose a novel reactive algorithm for a multi-robot formation navigating from its starting point to its destination in geometrically changing non-convex environments containing dynamic obstacles that move stochastically. Taking formation’s buffer into consideration, the proposed algorithm estimates the optimal velocity by means of minimizing collision threats from obstacles to the formation. It considers the obstacles in pairs so that the formation crosses the gap between every involved pair of obstacles. At every time step, this algorithm is executed in four phases: 1) optimal velocity estimation using a probabilistic model; 2) topological trajectory decision; 3) optimal waypoint (crossing point) determination; and 4) real-time optimal velocity determination. Compared to existing algorithms, the simulation shows that our algorithm is robust and has significant improvement. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Note to Practitioners</i> —This paper was motivated by the problem of formation navigation in places containing a large number of moving objects such as human beings and other vehicles. Existing approaches either do not forecast the probability of collision, or do not explicitly consider a certain comfort or safety distance to maintain. This paper quantifies the expectation of objects getting “too close” to the formation before collision as a numerical collision forecast, where the future motions of objects are unknown: this allows a formation to navigate by acquiring least environment information. From this expectation, by considering the formation to be moving between pairs of these objects, the optimal path to the destination for the formation is computed. Our approach is proved by the simulation to have significant improvement compared to the existing approaches. In future research, we will consider more ways to avoid obstacles such as formation rotation and waiting.
Android-Based Educational Games for Online Learning at PG/Kindergarten

Technology becomes a part of today’s lifestyles. Improving the quality of memorizing is significantly related to the development of learning resources through technological innovation. Educational games are one of the learning resources that can improve the memorization skills of PG/Kindergarten students. The purpose of this study was to develop an Android-based educational game as learning media and assess their effectiveness. The development model used was the ADDIE model. This research was conducted at Daar Al Husna PG/Kindergarten in Malang. Validation by material and media experts showed that the Android-based educational developed was very good and worthy of use. The effectiveness of the application of this Android-based educational game was assessed through pretest and posttest score
A MODEL OF SPEAKING LESSON PLAN BASED CONTEXTUAL FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

Lesson plans are an essential component of teaching. English lecturers must be skilled, creative, and innovative in order to enable students to absorb language learning knowledge easily and effectively. In teaching English speaking skills in class, lecturers need good preparation by designing lesson plans as directions or roadmaps for all activities carried out by lecturers and students in class to achieve appropriate and effective competencies so as to create fun and interesting teaching. Students in primary school teacher education are given with English subject as a provision that will be offered in primary schools to aid their performance as prospective primary school teachers in teaching English. Speaking abilities are one of the skills that students pursuing a degree in primary school teacher education must have in order to master the capacity to communicate in spoken English. The purpose of this paper is to provide information about contextual-based English speaking lesson planning. The process of developing model speaking lesson plan based contextual used an educational research and development (R&amp;D). a number of instruments were used, i.e. interview, classroom observation, and document. This study can be useful for English lecturers and researchers as a guide to teaching speaking English using a contextual approach. This review paper delves into the body of research on the term problem of English speaking skills in primary school teacher education, lesson plans, aspects of lesson plans, activity in teaching speaking, teaching cycle, and a sample of lesson plans’ procedure using teaching speaking based on a contextual approach. The more lecturers plan, the better they will be.
Differences in Academic Achievement, Distance Learning Experience, and Satisfaction by Level of Learning Motivation in Middle and High School Students: Focusing on Korean and Math

Objectives The purpose of this study is to classify the latent groups according to the learning motivation of Korean language and mathematics of middle and high school students, and to analyze the differences in academic achievement, distance learning experiences and satisfaction in 2020 by learning motive groups.&#x0D; Methods The subject of analysis is the data of 10,653 middle school students and 10,528 high school students responding to the ｢2020 National Assessment of Educational Achievement｣ of Korea Institute for Curriculum and Evaluation. For data processing, frequency analysis, factor analysis, and reliability analysis were performed using SPSS and Jamovi programs, the latent groups according to the Korean language and math learning motivation were extracted using the Mplus program, and the characteristics of each latent group were analyzed.&#x0D; Results The learning motivation groups of middle and high school students were identified as upper, middle, and lower 3 groups in Korean, and upper, middle-high, middle-low, and lower 4 groups in mathematics. As a result of examining the characteristics of each group, the group with high motivation for Korean and math had good Korean and math achievement. Looking at the changes in school level, Korean learning motivation gradually increased, but Korean language achievement decreased, and math learning motivation gradually decreased, but achievement tended to increase. As a result of examining the environmental differences in distance learning experienced in 2020 by the learning motivation group, the group with high Korean and math learning motivation was found to have the least negative influence of distance learning, suggesting the possibility of a learning gap. In addition, there was a difference in satisfaction with distance learning according to the level of motivation, and lower satisfaction with feedback and communication was shown compared to other items.&#x0D; Conclusions Middle and high school students' motivation for Korean and mathematics and academic achievement are closely related, suggesting the development of convergence classes between subjects. In addition, the group with high learning motivation appears to be the group that minimizes the unfavorable influence of distance learning, requiring the establishment of strategies to improve learners' learning motivation for each subject.
Construction and Practice of Online Course Resources Based on Information Processing Theory: Taking “A Bite of Teochew Cuisine,” a Guangdong First-Class Course, as an Example

“Cantonese Cuisine Master” project is an important policy proposed by China to inherit Cantonese Cuisine culture, promote employment, and achieve targeted poverty reduction and rural revitalization. Confronted with the demands of more diverse education, it is an essential opportunity and task for the education system to consider how to construct high-quality online courses and pursue higher-quality “Cantonese Cuisine Master” projects in line with the new era. This paper, based on the theory of instructional media and information processing theory, will further clarify the demand, dilemma, and developing strategy of online course construction for culinary majors, and explore its construction and practice with the example of “A Bite of Teochew Cuisine,” a Guangdong first-class course.
Retrieval-induced forgetting of eye movements

When eye-movement sequences are repeated, they can be stored as memory representations. Retrieval of eye-movement sequences then may involve interference among sequence representations. The present experiment examined this kind of interference and as to how it affects subsequent accessibility. Participants practiced twelve different eye-movement sequences by directing their gaze through a grid of squares on a screen. Half of the sequences involved moving the gaze from left to right, the other half from right to left. After the learning phase, participants retrieved half of the sequences of one category. This selective retrieval induced forgetting for the non-retrieved rest of sequences of the respective category: Fewer sequences were recalled as compared to sequences of the other category. The occurrence of retrieval-induced forgetting suggests that eye movements can be subject to the same mechanisms that shape our memory in other domains as well. Implications for the development of gaze-interaction systems for human-computer interaction are discussed.
Analisis Fluktuasi Muka Air dan Dasar Sungai Akibat Pasang Surut pada Muara Sungai

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of high tides on fluctuations in the speed of flow and water level of the river in the estuary palu. The method used in this study was simulation using HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System) software. This simulation was carried out with the topography of Palu river to downstream (estuary) as geometric input, flow discharge as upstream and tidal inputs as downstream inputs and sediment as input gradation granules. The simulation result of HEC-RAS program on fluctuations in flow speed and river water level in Palu river estuary is as follows the impact of tidal influence that occurs in palu river estuary along ± 912 m to upstream of the river at sp16 point. Changes in riverbed elevation in the estuary at the end of the simulation duration ranged from -0.265 m to -0.205 based on high tides at maximum duration. In conclusion, analysis of unstedy flow obtained the impact of tidal influences that occurred in the estuary sumgai Palu along ± 912 m to the upstream of the river. So it can be stated the relationship, that the greater the discharge flowing the higher the elevation of the tides produced.&#x0D; Keywords: Tidal, HEC-RAS, Estuary, River Discharge
Enhancement of the two-photon blockade effect via Van der Waals interaction

We theoretically investigate the influence of the Van der Waals interaction on the two-photon blockade phenomenon with the corresponding photon correlation functions g (2) (0) &amp;gt; 1 and g (3) (0) &amp;lt; 1 in a two-atom cavity-QED system, where two three-level ladder-type atoms are coherently driven by a pumping field and a coupling field simultaneously. Choosing a specific frequency of the coupling field, we show the energy splitting phenomenon caused by electromagnetically induced transparency. Correspondingly, the two-photon blockade phenomenon can be achieved near the two-photon resonant frequency. Using the Van der Waals interaction between the Rydberg states of the two atoms, we also show that the two-photon blockade can be improved when two atoms radiate in-phase or out-of-phase. As a result, two photons leak from the cavity simultaneously, but the third photon is blockaded. These results presented in this study hold potential applications in manipulating photon states and generating nonclassical light sources.
Edutech in continuing education

With the increase in implanting the information and computing technologies (ICT) into learning and continuing education during the last two decades and shifting to distant educational technologies (DET), it has become obvious that there is a vital need for school and university teachers to upgrade and develop their e-learning and e-teaching skills consistently. Since integrating technology into classroom, online or offline, has already become both a global tendency and a crucial change in the quality, form and methodology of education, there appeared an urgent importance for appropriate digital continuing education for school and university teachers to boost their readiness, preparedness and ability to adapt to the changing conditions of the educational environment. This is a niche opportunity for the local Universities to fill in. The study examines the plethora of conditions, assumptions and risks affecting the quality of educational content for an effective online continuing education course. The article details the stages and principles of designing an e-learning online course for continuing education. Using information visualization and feedback tools as examples the authors propose practical recommendations for content development and risk management. The authors imply that to create a quality online continuing education course, the developing team should take into consideration the characteristic differences of online education as compared to traditional methods. Active learning, time management, progress monitoring and communication are also brought to focus. The proposed framework, educational content development and additional strategies suggested have implications to teachers and educators involved in e-courses development, as well as to a wide range of users.
Automatic Generation of Personalised and Context-Dependent Textual Interventions During Neuro-rehabilitation

Abstract In this paper we present our system that synthesises personalised and context dependent texts during robot guided exercises for neuro-rehabilitation. This system is used to generate texts for the communication between a care robot and patients. We present requirements that a system in such a medical domain has to meet. Afterwards the results of a systematic literature review are presented. We present our solution based on the RosaeNLG system. It supports different language levels and referring expressions in a real-time text generation system, so that generated texts can be adapted to the reader in the best possible way. We evaluate our system with respect to the requirements. The contribution of the paper is twofold: We present a set of requirements for Natural Language Generation (NLG) in medical domains and we show how to extend RosaeNLG with an external dialogue memory to handle complex referring expressions in medical real time settings.
Wikibase, or The search for the unicorn

The aim of this paper is to study the technological implementation of the emergent bibliographic models (IFLA LRM in particular) taking into account one of the most widespread platforms for the semantic web, namely Wikibase. Different initiatives of implementation of LRM have been taken into account, included: a) a prototype cataloging interface; b)the implementation of the new cataloging system for the Bibliothéque Nationale de France (Bnf); c) a test of use of one of the feature of the Wikibase data model - namely the "qualifier"- to find a sustainable solution for the LRM nomen entity. Wikibase and his data model cannot be considered the magical unicorn that solves all problems. More in-depth analysis and tests are needed, but – as an intermediate result – we can consider Wikibase a promising platform also in the bibliographic field with a low entry barrier.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE MULTYFACTOR EVALUATION PROCESS (MFEP) PEMBERIAN PENGHARGAAN DESA BERSINAR

BERSINAR Village is one of the efforts to prevent and handle drug abuse in the village which is managed independently by the village government together with the village community. In determining the shining village award, a system is needed that can provide effective decisions. The Multifactor Evaluation Process (MFEP) method is one method that can be used in a decision support system. By using the MFEP method, each predetermined criterion is given a weighting according to its needs. Then each alternative is evaluated based on these factors. The alternative with the highest score is the solution in choosing the village that deserves the award. The MFEP method in making this decision uses the Visual Basic 2010 programming language and the MySQL database. So that the application can be used to assist the BNN in making decisions on selecting villages that are entitled to the Shining village award&#x0D;
Strategic Planning of Information Systems with Ward and Peppard Method Case Study of Salatiga City Youth and Sports Office

The Salatiga City Youth and Sports Office is a government agency engaged in Youth, Scouting, and Sports. Information systems and information technology (SI / IT) greatly influence the success of an organization in achieving its goals. Currently, the Salatiga City Youth and Sports Office in implementing SI / IT is still not optimal, therefore this research is about the strategic design of information systems using the ward and peppard method. The ward and peppard method consist of SWOT analysis, Value Chain Analysis, PEST Analysis, McFarlan Analysis, and Five Force Model Analysis. The results of this study are recommendations for a portfolio of information systems, namely the Sports Building Lending Information System, the Activity Report Filing Information System, the Athlete Information System, and the Youth Information System. The information system implementation plan will be carried out within the next 4 years.
Factors Affect the Social Responsibility Among Universities in Saudi Arabia: The Role of Government Support

Research into Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) focused on business organizations in developed countries. The purpose of this research is to examine the factors that affect the CSR in public universities in Saudi Arabia. Building on stakeholder theory and transformational leadership (TL) theory, this study proposed that TL and its dimension will have a significant effect on CSR. Training is expected to affect CSR and mediate the effect of TL on CSR. Government support (GS) is expected to moderate the effect of TL on CSR. Data was collected from 319 academic staff in eight public universities in Saudi Arabia. The data was analysed using Smart PLS. The findings showed that TL and training affected the CSR. All the dimensions of TL have significant effects except for the individualized consideration. Training mediated the effect of TL on CSR while GS moderated the effect of TL on CSR. Decision makers are recommended to implement effective training and TL style. Government support is critical for improving the role of CSR by universities.
Multiple-Parallel Morphological Anti-Aliasing Algorithm Implemented in FPGA

During 3D rendering by GPU, jagged patterns will appear at the edge of the image due to the lack of sampling points. To increase the continuity of the image, we use an anti-aliasing technique to process these jagged patterns. In this paper, we review the current anti-aliasing techniques and propose a multi-parallel anti-aliasing algorithm based on Morphological Anti-Aliasing (MLAA). Through an experiment and a comparison of the results, we find that our algorithm achieves better anti-aliasing performance at the edge of the image than Multiple Sampling Anti-Aliasing (MSAA) and MLAA by setting more color gradients. Moreover, our algorithm consumes much less time than MLAA in FPGA implementation by performing edge detection of the image, classification of the aliasing patterns, acquisition of the blend weight coefficients, and calculation of the anti-aliased color in three channels of the image simultaneously. In addition, our algorithm also consumes much less memory than MLAA in FPGA implementation by scaling and optimizing the area texture used by MLAA. A comparison of related works indicates that it is more favorable for the proposed algorithm to perform the anti-aliasing of the image than MSAA and MLAA.
Educational Characteristics of Learner Autonomy

According to many scholars, learner autonomy is a direction in higher professional education, which contributes to the formation of students’ independence as the primary personality trait that helps build their educational process without outside interference. The research goal was to identify the characteristics of the concepts of “independence,” “learner autonomy,” and “autonomous educational activity,” and their relationship to each other. We obtained the following results: independence is a personality trait, which is formed in the process of carrying out activities with a gradual transition from external management to self￾management. Learner autonomy is the highest level of a person’s independence, manifested in the readiness to create their educational product. From our point of view, autonomous educational activity is a technology of formation of readiness for further continuous professional education based on the obtained skills of independent goal setting and ways of achieving it. The study allowed us to more accurately define these concepts, which contributes to the scholarly literature and the possibility of further research on learner autonomy.
Methodological approaches to creating conditions for successful professional growth of teachers of a general education organization

The article devoted to the actual problem of professional development of teachers of a general education organization presents a meaningful analysis of methodological approaches to creating conditions for successful professional growth of teachers of a general education organization. The approaches to the formation and development of human resources as one of the conditions contributing to the construction of an individual trajectory of successful professional growth of a school teacher are considered. The technology of team interaction of subjects of the intra-school system is disclosed. The conditions for the formation of the personnel potential of an educational organization are described. The most important task of the modern education system is the development of teaching staff. The leadership of an educational organization should be aimed at providing opportunities for professional growth and development. The choice depends on the learning objectives. Particular attention is paid to the conditions for the formation of human resources. The authors give a generalized description of these conditions. The effectiveness of the formation of personnel potential is influenced by personality. The authors propose to consider the personnel potential of an educational organization as a qualitative characteristic of the teaching staff.