Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
ADAPTASI MASYARAKAT TERDAMPAK BANJIR DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI LIMBOTO

The purpose of this study is to analyze the adaptation of flood-affected residents in the Limboto watershed. The research method is a qualitative method that examines phenomena comprehensively with a case study approach. Interactive data analysis using three stages including; data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that during the 2018-2022 period, there were 139 flood events in the Limboto watershed, spread over 50 sub-districts/villages in 10 sub-districts. The impacts of flooding in the Limboto watershed also vary, ranging from material, economic, health, housing losses, to the death toll. This impact has prompted changes in adaptive behavior in affected communities in the Limboto watershed, such as the creation of an early warning system, an evacuation stage, the construction of temporary embankments, new livelihoods, and providing equipment to deal with floods
Readability analysis of teaching materials of English courses class 2 and 6 elementary school

Background: Textbooks are one of the learning media used by elementary school students. Textbooks function to support teachers in the learning process and become a source of knowledge for students in following the learning process. Books as teaching materials are books that contain various subject matter produced by an author based on the applicable curriculum and serve as guidelines for teachers and students in the learning process.&#x0D; Purpose: This study focuses on the study to describe the level of readability of teaching materials adapted to children's cognition.&#x0D; Design and methods: The method used is a qualitative method with data analysis of readability text on webfx . The data used as a source in this study is in the form of text contained in teaching materials for English lessons for grades 2 and 6..&#x0D; Results: Based on the results of the readability text on webfx , only a book with the title Knowing Kinds of Animals Using the Game "Card Hunting" is intended for grade 4 according to with the level of child cognition intended for grade 2, the age range of 8-9 years shows conformity, meaning that it is easy to understand. With an average readability of about 82 out of 100%. That textbook Easy to understand by 8 to 9 years old. Because one of the characteristics of a good textbook can be analyzed from the use of its structure and linguistic symbols. This means that all the information contained in the text book can be easily understood by readers or children at their age.
A proof of P != NP (New symmetric encryption algorithm against any linear attacks and differential attacks)

P vs NP problem is the most important unresolved problem in the field of computational complexity. Its impact has penetrated into all aspects of algorithm design, especially in the field of cryptography. The security of cryptographic algorithms based on short keys depends on whether P is equal to NP. In fact, Shannon[1] strictly proved that the one-time-pad system meets unconditional security, but because the one-time-pad system requires the length of key to be at least the length of plaintext, how to transfer the key is a troublesome problem that restricts the use of the one-time-pad system in practice. Cryptography algorithms used in practice are all based on short key, and the security of the short key mechanism is ultimately based on "one-way" assumption, that is, it is assumed that a one-way function exists. In fact, the existence of one-way function can directly lead to the important conclusion P != NP. In this paper, we originally constructed a short-key block cipher algorithm. The core feature of this algorithm is that for any block, when a plaintext-ciphertext pair is known, any key in the key space can satisfy the plaintext-ciphertext pair, that is, for each block, the plaintext-ciphertext pair and the key are independence, and the independence between blocks is also easy to construct. This feature is completely different from all existing short-key cipher algorithms. Based on the above feature, we construct a problem and theoretically prove that the problem satisfies the properties of one-way functions, thereby solving the problem of the existence of one-way functions, that is, directly proving that P != NP.
Deep Learning for the Detection of Car Flap States

In recent years, deep learning and object detection has continuously attracted more attention.Especially in the automotive world where many car manufacturers are currently investigating its possible applications.On production lines, even if processes are more and more automatized mistakes can happen and hinder the performance of an industrial plant.In this study, a method and application of object detection-based deep learning algorithm to detect open flaps on cars, like doors, trunk, hood etc. is examined.With this approach, the advantages of gap detection in cars on production lines, specifically the application of Resnet50 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and transfer learning in an industrial use case, are demonstrated.We show how the problem of detecting open flaps on cars is modeled in a way that a CNN can be applied to this new kind of application and present a detailed evaluation of the results and challenges.Finally, many suggestions are given for future applications of similar algorithms.
bayesvl graph utilities {bayesvl}: Utilities to manipulate graphs

bayesvl graph utilities {bayesvl}R DocumentationUtilities to manipulate graphsDescriptionManipulate directed acyclic graph of an object of class bayesvl.
Periodic Plane-Wave Electronic Structure Calculations on Quantum Computers

A procedure for defining virtual spaces, and the periodic one-electron and two-electron integrals, for plane-wave second quantized Hamiltonians has been developed and demonstrated using full configuration interaction (FCI) simulations and variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) circuits on Quantinuum's ion trap quantum computers accessed through Microsoft's Azure Quantum service. This work is an extension to periodic systems of a new class of algorithms in which the virtual spaces were generated by optimizing orbitals from small pairwise CI Hamiltonians, which we term as correlation optimized virtual orbitals with the abbreviation COVOs. In this extension, the integration of the first Brillouin zone is automatically incorporated into the two-electron integrals. With these procedures we have been able to derive virtual spaces, containing only a few orbitals, that were able to capture a significant amount of correlation. The focus in this manuscript is on comparing the simulations of small molecules calculated with plane-wave basis sets with large periodic unit cells at the $\Gamma$-point, including images, to results for plane-wave basis sets with aperiodic unit cells. The results for this approach were promising as we were able to obtain good agreement between periodic and aperiodic results for an LiH molecule. Simulations performed on the Quantinuum H1-1 quantum computer were able to produce surprisingly good energies, reproducing the FCI values for the 1 COVO Hamiltonian to within 11 milliHartree (6.9 kcal/mol), when corrected for noise.
Self-dual codes over $\mathbb{F}_5$ and $s$-extremal unimodular lattices

New $s$-extremal extremal unimodular lattices in dimensions $38$, $40$, $42$ and $44$ are constructed from self-dual codes over $\mathbb{F}_5$ by Construction A. In the process of constructing these codes, we obtain a self-dual $[44,22,14]$ code over $\mathbb{F}_5$. In addition, the code implies a $[43,22,13]$ code over $\mathbb{F}_5$. These codes have larger minimum weights than the previously known $[44,22]$ codes and $[43,22]$ codes, respectively.
Multi-View Correlation Consistency for Semi-Supervised Semantic Segmentation

Semi-supervised semantic segmentation needs rich and robust supervision on unlabeled data. Consistency learning enforces the same pixel to have similar features in different augmented views, which is a robust signal but neglects relationships with other pixels. In comparison, contrastive learning considers rich pairwise relationships, but it can be a conundrum to assign binary positive-negative supervision signals for pixel pairs. In this paper, we take the best of both worlds and propose multi-view correlation consistency (MVCC) learning: it considers rich pairwise relationships in self-correlation matrices and matches them across views to provide robust supervision. Together with this correlation consistency loss, we propose a view-coherent data augmentation strategy that guarantees pixel-pixel correspondence between different views. In a series of semi-supervised settings on two datasets, we report competitive accuracy compared with the state-of-the-art methods. Notably, on Cityscapes, we achieve 76.8% mIoU with 1/8 labeled data, just 0.6% shy from the fully supervised oracle.
Towards Verifiable Federated Learning

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm of collaborative machine learning that preserves user privacy while building powerful models. Nevertheless, due to the nature of open participation by self-interested entities, it needs to guard against potential misbehaviours by legitimate FL participants. FL verification techniques are promising solutions for this problem. They have been shown to effectively enhance the reliability of FL networks and help build trust among participants. Verifiable federated learning has become an emerging topic of research that has attracted significant interest from the academia and the industry alike. Currently, there is no comprehensive survey on the field of verifiable federated learning, which is interdisciplinary in nature and can be challenging for researchers to enter into. In this paper, we bridge this gap by reviewing works focusing on verifiable FL. We propose a novel taxonomy for verifiable FL covering both centralised and decentralised FL settings, summarise the commonly adopted performance evaluation approaches, and discuss promising directions towards a versatile verifiable FL framework.
SCIENCE IS THE SUPPORTING APPARATUS OF CIVILIZATION

A brief analysis of the structure of science, the interactions between its individual elements, the supporting function of science in the development of civilization, its main goals and objectives, the relationship with other areas of human social activity, the features of its current state were carried out. The actual structure of scientific research and its dynamics were considered. V.I. Vernadsky's ideas about the natural, evolutionarily processes in formation of the noosphere phenomenon in the biosphere as the product of scientific work aimed to increase the adaptive potential of mankind were discussed.
INNOVATIONS IN THE EDUCATIONAL SPACE IN TAJIKISTAN

This article is about the Innovation of the educational space in Tajikistan. The article emphasizes that education in the modern world is becoming the most important resource for the economic and social development of countries, improving the welfare and individual development of citizens. The authors also note that despite the support of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan and the annual growth of budget funding, negative trends continue to develop in the system of higher professional education and there are problems, the solution of which will significantly increase the efficiency of the higher education system and bring qualitative and quantitative indicators closer to the requirements of the labor market.
Preferences Implicit in the State of the World

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents optimize only the features specified in a reward function and are indifferent to anything left out inadvertently. This means that we must not only specify what to do, but also the much larger space of what not to do. It is easy to forget these preferences, since these preferences are already satisfied in our environment. This motivates our key insight: when a robot is deployed in an environment that humans act in, the state of the environment is already optimized for what humans want. We can therefore use this implicit preference information from the state to fill in the blanks. We develop an algorithm based on Maximum Causal Entropy IRL and use it to evaluate the idea in a suite of proof-of-concept environments designed to show its properties. We find that information from the initial state can be used to infer both side effects that should be avoided as well as preferences for how the environment should be organized. Our code can be found at https://github.com/HumanCompatibleAI/rlsp.
Towards an Atlas of Cultural Commonsense for Machine Reasoning

Existing commonsense reasoning datasets for AI and NLP tasks fail to address an important aspect of human life: cultural differences. We introduce an approach that extends prior work on crowdsourcing commonsense knowledge by incorporating differences in knowledge that are attributable to cultural or national groups. We demonstrate the technique by collecting commonsense knowledge that surrounds six fairly universal rituals -- birth, coming-of-age, marriage, funerals, new year, and birthdays -- across two national groups: the United States and India. Our study expands the different types of relationships identified by existing work in the field of commonsense reasoning for commonplace events, and uses these new types to gather information that distinguish the identity of the groups providing the knowledge. It also moves us a step closer towards building a machine that doesn't assume a rigid framework of universal (and likely Western-biased) commonsense knowledge, but rather has the ability to reason in a contextually and culturally sensitive way. Our hope is that cultural knowledge of this sort will lead to more human-like performance in NLP tasks such as question answering (QA) and text understanding and generation.
FAIRS -- Soft Focus Generator and Attention for Robust Object Segmentation from Extreme Points

Semantic segmentation from user inputs has been actively studied to facilitate interactive segmentation for data annotation and other applications. Recent studies have shown that extreme points can be effectively used to encode user inputs. A heat map generated from the extreme points can be appended to the RGB image and input to the model for training. In this study, we present FAIRS -- a new approach to generate object segmentation from user inputs in the form of extreme points and corrective clicks. We propose a novel approach for effectively encoding the user input from extreme points and corrective clicks, in a novel and scalable manner that allows the network to work with a variable number of clicks, including corrective clicks for output refinement. We also integrate a dual attention module with our approach to increase the efficacy of the model in preferentially attending to the objects. We demonstrate that these additions help achieve significant improvements over state-of-the-art in dense object segmentation from user inputs, on multiple large-scale datasets. Through experiments, we demonstrate our method's ability to generate high-quality training data as well as its scalability in incorporating extreme points, guiding clicks, and corrective clicks in a principled manner.
Augmented reality-based application design with rapid prototyping method to support practicum during the covid-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic that has occurred throughout the world has hampered the world of education in carrying out the learning process. It requires the world of education to make rapid changes to the concept of learning so that the results of the learning process remain following the curriculum. However, during a pandemic, students are forced to study from home. Of course, this limits the essence of the practicum, which has to be done in the laboratory because students need interaction activities with machines. Augmented reality (A.R.) is a technology that allows users to interact with virtual objects. In this study, the application design is carried out using the rapid prototyping method, which can quickly accommodate the application development process. This study proves that AR-based applications can increase the understanding of 58% of students about the use of lathe, milling and 3D printing machines.
Innovative Learning Media in Era 4.0: Review

Various learning media innovations continue to grow which acts as a supplement in learning. A good learning media is effective, efficient, shortens the time for delivering teaching materials and can stimulate the imagination of educators when getting factual information through the media. Learning media is designed to provide a real picture of something abstract. The implementation of industry 4.0 can be through various innovative learning media. The use of innovative learning media can be through gadget intermediaries or digitally as a means of connecting conventional learning media into innovative learning media.
The role of texts’ editing in enriching and redirecting language study paths

The dynamic of the process of text editing across different periods has resulted in the documentation of many linguistic sources of considerable scientific value. Undoubtedly, the emergence of new edited sources will have a highly positive effect on enriching the language study and redirecting its paths towards reviewing some of the postulated judgments or reconsidering them categorically. On the basis of this, this research paper seeks to highlight a problematic related to the extent to which the language study keeps up with the movement of text editing, on the one hand, and to the consequences of no keeping with such a movement, on the other, which sometimes contradict what is expected, as is the case of the reversion of some scientific facts, the false attribution ideas and attitudes, or the issuing of definitive judgments that contradict the scientific reality of the studied phenomena. The research will try to touch upon this problematic and discuss its merits through established scientific facts and clear textual data that were reached from a practical reality related to the context of academic scientific research. These data can be reduced to three models that will be subject to study and analysis. Additionally, in view of finding an objective way out to this problematic, the research concludes that the language study should keep up with the editing process and conduct academic linguistic research in the light of objective variables and new textual data emanating from the texts editing process. This research was based in approaching this subject on the requirements of the descriptive approach, to achieve several results, such as: 1- Reconsidering the outcomes of some previous efforts in the language study, be it at the level of perception, tools, or method; 2- Questioning the language study process and reviewing some of the postulates by some modern linguistic studies and examining them carefully in the light of new edited texts; 3- Making use of the new edited language resources for enriching the language study, redirecting, and evaluating its paths.
Digital Learning Media: Review

Digital learning media is the use of technology in the form of software to distribute information (transfer of knowledge) to students. The purpose of using digital learning media is so that students can receive knowledge, skills, more easily, without being constrained by space and time. Digital learning systems require infrastructure and technology support, such as computers, internet access, servers, television, interactive video, CD/DVD ROM, and so on. Digital learning can be done in two ways, namely fully digital or in combination with face to face (face to face). Face to face can also be done by involving technology, such as video conferencing or tele conferencing. The success of developing a digital learning requires a gradual design. Digital design is known as storyboarding and visual mapping (visual map). This design is specifically focused on the use of advanced methods in digital learning, especially on the aspects of design and its principles.
Digital Health Passport Using Blockchain

Abstract: The recent outbreak of the COVID 19 pandemic has transformed everyone's lives. Dramatically, and society has gone through a new stage with new needs. In this article, A solution to one of these needs to provide a system of digital certificates for secure storage to share medical data related to COVID 19 for the purpose of demonstrating immunity or deficiency is provided. A clear, unbreakable and safe way to infect a virus. The proposed system is based on Blockchain and its unique benefits, decentralized mobile and cross-platform app development for its use.
Mathematics Teacher’s Methodical Competence Development in the Conditions of the University and School Partnership

The leading idea of our study is that in the conditions of purposeful cooperation between a pedagogical university and a school, the system of methodical competence development of mathematics teachers can be more effective. In the process of research and experimental work, we tested several scientific, practical, and methodological activities with the active involvement of mathematics teachers. The main goal is to find effective ways to establish and expand university-school and teacher-professor cooperation to create an environment based on the university for the mathematics school teachers’ methodological development. We emphasize that each form of cooperation involves friendliness and a positive attitude, mutual understanding, responsibility, equality of all participants, shared interests and aspirations, discussion, communication, and mutual learning, which focuses on professional dialogue.
Effectiveness of the Use of Creative Projects as a Way to Develop Creative Design Thinking of Higher Education Students

Creativity training in many aspects relies on the education, school achievements and natural characteristics of each individual. In fact, the method of creative projects is one of the special techniques that can be actively used at the stage of university education. In research logical research methods were used: analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction. The article also uses the method of abstraction, which involves the ascent from abstract concepts and theses to concrete conclusions. The conclusions indicate that the effectiveness of the use of creative projects as a way to develop creative design thinking of higher education is quite high, and design thinking can be considered quite popular in the labor market. Many top managers point to the positive changes that have occurred as a result of its active use. At the same time, the paper also demonstrates opposing views of experts who consider design thinking to be only part of a larger process of creation, which does not need to focus too much.