Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Spectral quantization of discrete random walks on half-line, and orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle

We define quantization scheme for discrete-time random walks on the half-line consistent with Szegedy's quantization of finite Markov chains. Motivated by the Karlin and McGregor description of discrete-time random walks in terms of polynomials orthogonal with respect to a measure with support in the segment $[-1,1]$, we represent the unitary evolution operator of the quantum walk in terms of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle. We find the relation between transition probabilities of the random walk with the Verblunsky coefficients of the corresponding polynomials of the quantum walk. We show that the both polynomials systems and their measures are connected by the classical Szeg\H{o} map. Our scheme can be applied to arbitrary Karlin and McGregor random walks and generalizes the so called Cantero-Gr\"{u}nbaum-Moral-Vel\'{a}zquez method. We illustrate our approach on example of random walks related to the Jacobi polynomials. Then we study quantization of random walks with constant transition probabilities where the corresponding polynomials on the unit circle have two-periodic real Verblunsky coefficients. We present geometric construction of the spectrum of such polynomials (in the general complex case) which generalizes the known construction for the Geronimus polynomials. In the Appendix we present the explicit form, in terms of Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind, of polynomials orthogonal on the unit circle and polynomials orthogonal on the real line with coefficients of arbitrary period.
VisoGender: A dataset for benchmarking gender bias in image-text pronoun resolution

We introduce VisoGender, a novel dataset for benchmarking gender bias in vision-language models. We focus on occupation-related biases within a hegemonic system of binary gender, inspired by Winograd and Winogender schemas, where each image is associated with a caption containing a pronoun relationship of subjects and objects in the scene. VisoGender is balanced by gender representation in professional roles, supporting bias evaluation in two ways: i) resolution bias, where we evaluate the difference between pronoun resolution accuracies for image subjects with gender presentations perceived as masculine versus feminine by human annotators and ii) retrieval bias, where we compare ratios of professionals perceived to have masculine and feminine gender presentations retrieved for a gender-neutral search query. We benchmark several state-of-the-art vision-language models and find that they demonstrate bias in resolving binary gender in complex scenes. While the direction and magnitude of gender bias depends on the task and the model being evaluated, captioning models are generally less biased than Vision-Language Encoders. Dataset and code are available at https://github.com/oxai/visogender
PalmGazer: Unimanual Eye-hand Menus in Augmented Reality

How can we design the user interfaces for augmented reality (AR) so that we can interact as simple, flexible and expressive as we can with smartphones in one hand? To explore this question, we propose PalmGazer as an interaction concept integrating eye-hand interaction to establish a singlehandedly operable menu system. In particular, PalmGazer is designed to support quick and spontaneous digital commands -- such as to play a music track, check notifications or browse visual media -- through our devised three-way interaction model: hand opening to summon the menu UI, eye-hand input for selection of items, and dragging gesture for navigation. A key aspect is that it remains always-accessible and movable to the user, as the menu supports meaningful hand and head based reference frames. We demonstrate the concept in practice through a prototypical personal UI with application probes, and describe technique designs specifically-tailored to the application UI. A qualitative evaluation highlights the system's design benefits and drawbacks, e.g., that common 2D scroll and selection tasks are simple to operate, but higher degrees of freedom may be reserved for two hands. Our work contributes interaction techniques and design insights to expand AR's uni-manual capabilities.
Investigating the impact of data scaling on the k-nearest neighbor algorithm

This study investigates the impact of data scaling techniques on the performance of the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm using ten different datasets from various domains. Three commonly used data scaling techniques, min-max normalization, Z-score, and decimal scaling, are evaluated based on the KNN algorithm's performance in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, runtime, and memory usage. The study aims to provide insights into the applicability and effectiveness of different scaling techniques in different contexts, aid in the design and implementation of machine learning systems, and help identify the strengths and weaknesses of each technique and their suitability for specific types of data. The results show that data scaling significantly affects the performance of the KNN algorithm, and the choice of scaling method can have significant implications for practical applications. Moreover, the performance of the three scaling techniques varies across different datasets, suggesting that the choice of scaling technique should be made based on the specific characteristics of the data. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of data scaling techniques on the KNN algorithm's performance and can help practitioners and researchers in the machine learning community make informed decisions when designing and implementing machine learning systems.
The Transitioning Experiences from Traditional to Agile Project Management: A Case of an Information Technology Department of a Private-Owned Financial Institution in Cebu City

Incorporating the Agile Project Management (APM) approach was the institution’s initiative to accelerate project delivery and be more flexible in changing requirements and client demands while producing quality software. The research explores the lived experiences of the institution's project managers to uncover the challenges and demonstrated benefits during Agile Project Management (APM) implementation. This research utilized the qualitative approach through interviews with key informants who are project managers of the institution. The data gathered were from the responses of the five (5) private-owned financial institution project managers. The responses were thoroughly reviewed and tabulated to reveal the commonalities in the data gathered. The study showed that implementing APM significantly changed how the project management team handled and delivered the projects. The project management team moved the project with agility by simplifying the scope and adapting to changes in requirements to increase customer satisfaction and value; the teams were more collaborative, flexible, and able to cope with the risks. However, the study revealed that the main challenges that the project management team experienced were the uncontrollable growth of changes in project scope, under-estimated timelines, and inefficient allocation and delegation of workloads, which resulted in the delayed delivery of projects. Also, it revealed that the current coping strategies were deprioritizing other projects to accommodate new requirements, extending project deadlines, and rendering overtime, which could have been more sustainable when appropriately handled. Furthermore, the study provided recommendations and action plans to improve the implementation of Agile Project Management.
An In-depth Review of Cybersecurity Controls in Mitigating Legal and Risk-Related Challenges

Organizations are facing an increasingly wide variety of cyber threats, posing significant legal and risk related challenges within a connected Digital World. The purpose of this Review is to analyze, in detail, the effectiveness of cyber security controls and their role as mitigation tools for these challenges. This paper offers insight into best practices for organizations with a view to protecting sensitive information and ensuring compliance, through an examination of the link between cybersecurity, legal frameworks and risk factors. The review begins by looking at the current state of cybersecurity, which is characterized by complex legal and risk factors faced by organizations. It focuses on the regulatory framework, industrial standards and legal obligations in place for cyber security practices to be understood and taken into account by organizations. In addition, the paper reviews various cybersecurity control measures that organizations can put in place to deal with legal and risk factors. The Authority shall examine the technical controls, which are designed to ensure that unauthorized access and data leakages are not allowed, e.g., access controls, encryption and network monitoring systems. In addition, consideration is given to administrative controls to create a strong security culture within organizations, including safety policies, risk assessments and employee training programs.In summary, the review paper assesses the effectiveness of new technologies for strengthening cyber security controls. To identify and mitigate cyber threats, it examines the potential of machine learning, artificial intelligence, and behavioral analysis. These technologies have an important role to play in the proactive defense mechanisms, making it possible for organizations to respond swiftly to emerging risks. Keywords: Cybersecurity Controls, Legal Compliance, Risk Mitigation, Information Security, Regulatory Frameworks, Threat Assessment, Incident Response, Risk Factors, Data Protection, Security Awareness. Journal Reference Format: Bayewu A., Patcharaporn Y., Folorunsho, O.S. &amp; Ojo T.P. (2022): An In-depth Review of Cybersecurity Controls in Mitigating Legal and Risk-Related Challenges. Social Informatics, Business, Politics, L:aw, Environmental Sciences &amp; Technology
Effect of Digital Device on Computer Vision Syndrome: Meta-Analysis

Background: Computers are an integral part of today's modern human life, where long-term use can cause complaints of visual disturbances.Eye complaints related to computer use are called computer vision syndrome.This study aims to determine the magnitude of the influence of the use of digital screens or devices on the occurrence of computer vision syndrome with meta-analysis.Subjects and Method: The meta-analysis was carried out using the PRISMA flowchart and the PICO Population: students model.Intervention: the duration of using the digital screen is long.Comparison: the duration of using the digital screen is short.Outcome: the incidence of computer vision syndrome.The databases used are PubMed,
Efek Pemanfaatan Website pada Pelajaran Pemasaran Online untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa SMKN 2 Sidrap

This quantitative study aims to determine the success rate of using the website as a means of learning online marketing practicum at SMK Negeri 2 Sidrap in order to increase student learning motivation. The population in this study is all students majoring in Online Business and Marketing (BDP) which amounted to 81 students, while the sampling referred to opinions, from these opinions, the number of samples used as respondents in this study was 81 people. To collect data on this study, researchers used observational methods and questionnaires, research questionnaires were provided in the form of google forms. Questionnaires are given to teachers and students to find out the response to the use of websites in learning online marketing practicums. The data analysis technique in this study was using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 Application. Data analysis techniques using wilcoxon analysis were performed to see the extent of the influence of independent variables on dependent variables. Based on the research findings, it is known that the application of online marketing learning was successfully carried out using the Google website, according to the research findings. This is evidenced through the results of the analysis of student responses to the use of google sites web in online marketing lessons related to student learning motivation when using google sites web media through the wilcoxon test, which means that the ho is 7,827 with a value of sig.2 tailed 0.000 0.005 which means that hotyling is notified. It can be concluded that there is an influence of website utilization on online marketing lessons to increase the learning motivation of smkn 2 Sidrap students between before and after the intervention.
Cluster Analysis of Environmental Pollution in Indonesia Using Complete Linkage Method with Elbow Optimization

The issue of environmental contamination remains unsolved. The problem continues to have a substantial detrimental impact. This research aimed to identify provinces in Indonesia with high or low levels of environmental pollution so that the government may offer treatment to provinces with high levels of pollution and seek a significant reduction in the incidence of environmental pollution in Indonesia. Clustering is required to identify provinces with high and low pollution levels using the complete linkage method because this method can provide tight clusters and is less impacted by outliers. The analysis of the complete linkage method with Elbow optimization revealed two optimal clusters, namely high and low clusters. The high cluster consists of three provinces: Central Java, West Java, and East Java. The low cluster consists of 31 provinces. This research used a Silhouette Coefficient validity test. The value of the Silhouette Coefficient is 0.75. The value indicates that the data object is in the correct cluster and that the cluster structure is relatively strong.
Pengaruh Kelompok Teman Sebaya Terhadap Penentuan Studi Lanjut Siswa

&lt;p&gt;This study was to determine how the friends of the same age level affects to the selection of further studies of high school students in the City of Singkawang. The quantitative research approach with the survey method is used in this study. The instrument of this study was the Peer Scale and the Advanced Study Selection Scale given to 161 high school students in Singkawang City. The data obtained were then analyzed by Descriptive Percentage and simple linear regression analysis assisted by SPSS 24. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the level of peer influence on students was included in the medium criteria (60%), while the level of selection of further study students was included in the high criteria (74%). Whereas based on the results of simple linear regression that peers significantly influence the selection or determination of further study students (R2 = 0.059, t = 3.154 with a value of sig. 0.002).&lt;/p&gt;
The fuzzy support vector data description based on tightness for noisy label detection

Abstract Machine learning is a data-driven approach and as machine learning research advances, noisy labels have become a widely studied issue. Noisy labels can significantly reduce the accuracy of supervised classification models, making it important to address this problem. In this study, we propose a new method for detecting noisy labels in datasets. This method first utilizes a deep pre-trained network to obtain a feature set from the image data. We then introduce a membership degree based on tightness into the support vector data description model to detect noisy data in the dataset. To further verify the accuracy of our method, we construct two noise sets: the density peak noise set and the random noise set. The experimental findings indicate that our proposed algorithm outperforms traditional support vector data description algorithms in detecting noisy labels. Moreover, we use confidence to correct noisy labels in the data. After correcting for noisy labels, the accuracy of image classification is significantly improved.
Interacting with Large Language Models: A Case Study on AI-Aided Brainstorming for Guesstimation Problems

Designing cooperative AI-systems that do not automate tasks but rather aid human cognition is challenging and requires human-centered design approaches. Here, we introduce AI-aided brainstorming for solving guesstimation problems, i.e. estimating quantities from incomplete information, as a testbed for human-AI interaction with large language models (LLMs). In a think-aloud study, we found that humans decompose guesstimation questions into sub-questions and often replace them with semantically related ones. If they fail to brainstorm related questions, they often get stuck and do not find a solution. Therefore, to support this brainstorming process, we prompted a large language model (GPT-3) with successful replacements from our think-aloud data. In follow-up studies, we tested whether the availability of this tool improves participants’ answers. While the tool successfully produced human-like suggestions, participants were reluctant to use it. From our findings, we conclude that for human-AI interaction with LLMs to be successful AI-systems must complement rather than mimic a user’s associations.
Acquiring Semantic Knowledge for User Model Updates via Human-Agent Alignment Dialogues

For personal assistive technologies to effectively support users, they need a user model that records information about the user, such as their goals, values, and context. Knowledge-based techniques can model the relationships between these concepts, enabling the support agent to act in accordance with the user’s values. However, user models require updating over time to accommodate changes and continuously align with what the user deems important. In our work, we propose and investigate the use of human-agent alignment dialogues for establishing whether user model updates are needed and acquiring the necessary information for these updates. In this paper, we perform an exploratory qualitative focus group study in which we investigate participants’ opinions about written examples of alignment dialogues, as a foundation for their design. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. A main theme that emerged concerns the potential impact of agent utterances on the user’s feelings about themselves and about the agent.
What Can I Do to Help You?

Changing one’s behavior is difficult, so many people look towards technology for help. However, most current behavior change support systems are inflexible in that they support one type of behavior change and do not reason about how that behavior is embedded in larger behavior patterns. To allow users to flexibly decide what they desire to change, a system needs to represent and reason about that desire. Moreover, we argue that reasoning about the context of a behavior could improve an agent’s support. Therefore, we propose a formal framework for a reasoning agent to represent and reason about the personal behavioral context of desired user changes. This framework models an individual’s possible and current behavior, their desire for change, as well as other relevant changes that a system could use to support a desired change. In a user survey we show that people feel these other relevant changes would be useful in more flexibly supporting their desired change in behavior. This work provides a foundation for more flexible personalized behavior change support.
Analisis Kinerja Jaringan Irigasi Pada Delapan Daerah Irigasi Yang Tersebar Di Kota Kupang

Kupang City has eight irrigation areas, namely Amnesi (36 Ha), Batuplat (90 Ha), Labat (20 Ha), Belo (60 Ha), Fatukoa (220 Ha), Oelon (50 Ha), Oepura (65 Ha). and Kolhua (20 Ha). During operation, the irrigation network was damaged. This study aims to determine the performance of the irrigation network from the physical aspect, utilization, and aspects of operation and maintenance. This study uses a qualitative method by measuring the discharge and quantitative methods by observing the physical condition of the channel and analyzing the answers to the questionnaire. The performance of the irrigation network from the physical aspect was obtained in good condition with an average score of 3.55 being Oelon and Labat, a fairly good condition with an average score of 2.90 being Belo, Batuplat, Amnesi and Fatukoa 4, poor condition with a score of 2.45 being Oepura, and very unfavorable with a score of 1.00 is Kolhua. The performance of the irrigation network from the utilization aspect was obtained in fairly good condition with an average value of 2.68, namely Belo, Batuplat, Oelon, Labat, Amnesi, Oepura, Amnesi and Fatukoa 4, in poor condition with a value of 1.56, Kolhua. The performance of the irrigation network from the aspect of operation and maintenance is obtained in fairly good condition with a value range of 2.80 is Belo, Batuplat, Oelon, Labat, Amnesi, Oepura, Amnesi and Fatukoa 4 and in very poor condition with a value of 1.19 is Kolhua.
Insights into Indonesian Students’ Willingness to Communicate in English in the Classroom

English learners need to be willing to communicate in English for them to learn the language successfully. Considering that English has been taught since elementary school in Indonesia, it is interesting to identify how willing students are to communicate in English, especially in secondary school. Thus, this study aimed to know the secondary school students’ willingness to communicate in English in terms of using English in the classroom and linguistic and non-linguistic factors. Furthermore, this study identified whether there was a significant difference based on gender and grade levels. This study used a quantitative method with a descriptive and comparative design. This study was conducted at a private secondary school, with 95 respondents recruited via convenience sampling. As a result, students’ willingness to communicate in terms of using English in the classroom was medium, indicating that students were willing enough to communicate in English. Specifically, the students’ willingness to communicate in terms of linguistic and non-linguistic factors was medium. This shows that students were willing enough to use English regarding linguistic and non-linguistic factors. Moreover, there was no difference based on gender but a significant difference based on grade level, with the highest mean score of 75.55 in grade 7. Thus, since students are willing enough to communicate in English, teachers need to find strategies to help the students to be very willing to communicate in English, especially secondary school students at higher grade levels. Also, future studies on WTC must be done in different regions in Indonesia by considering WTC other factors such as parental involvement, teachers, socio-economic status, anxiety, motivation, or other environment-related factors at various levels or schools.