Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Restoration of Binocular Images Degraded by Optical Scattering through Estimation of Atmospheric Coefficients

A binocular vision-based approach for the restoration of images captured in a scattering medium is presented. The scene depth is computed by triangulation using stereo matching. Next, the atmospheric parameters of the medium are determined with an introduced estimator based on the Monte Carlo method. Finally, image restoration is performed using an atmospheric optics model. The proposed approach effectively suppresses optical scattering effects without introducing noticeable artifacts in processed images. The accuracy of the proposed approach in the estimation of atmospheric parameters and image restoration is evaluated using synthetic hazy images constructed from a well-known database. The practical viability of our approach is also confirmed through a real experiment for depth estimation, atmospheric parameter estimation, and image restoration in a scattering medium. The results highlight the applicability of our approach in computer vision applications in challenging atmospheric conditions.
Introduction: “Sectoral Fraud Tree” for Better Understanding Fraud Science—Trial Fraud Tree for Health Sector

To understand the types of fraud in the business world, we refer to Fraud Tree, published by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE). However, we encountered many new different schemes of fraud, especially after the pandemic and digitalization period. The fraudster, victims, material and moral consequences of each scam, and the relevant penal code differ. Therefore, our need for Certified Fraud Examiners, and lecturers who teach fraud prevention in the “sectoral fraud tree”, is clear. In this chapter, we started a trial study for sectoral fraud trees in the health sector.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF MALARIAL PARASITES IN HUMAN POPULATION OF DISTRICT MARDAN KHYBER-PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN.

A mosquito serves as the illness's primary vector, and the genus Plasmodium's intracellular protozoan parasites invade red blood cells to generate the systemic vector-borne disease known as malaria. Due to its potential for fast progression to complications and mortality in the absence of quick and effective treatment, malaria is a medical emergency. The majority of factors that induce severe malaria include Plasmodium falciparum. A female Anopheles mosquito that is feeding infects the human host by injecting the parasites. The four species of Plasmodia that may infect people are P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. Among the four species, P. falciparum is the main species that causes severe disease and mortality. The second most lethal illness in the world is malaria. More than 300 million people are infected by the infectious disease each year, and it claims 1.5 to 2.7 million lives. A kid dies from the infectious illness every 30 seconds, or an estimated one million children under the age of five every year. About half of the world's population is at risk from malaria, and more than 1 million children die each year from its consequences. When mosquitoes that contain the malaria parasite bite and infect humans, the disease is spread. Malaria causes low birth weight (below 2500g) in pregnant women who are not treated, which can result in a variety of disabilities such as cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and cognitive deficiencies. In district Mardan this disease is more prevalent in males than females. From pathology Department Mardan medical complex 230 Blood samples were obtained, and thick and thin slides produced of them. for all individuals and studied its microscopy. 23 Positive cases were found out of 230 blood samples. In these 230 blood samples Plasmodium vivax were found 16 (6.9%) and plasmodium falciparum were found 7 (3.04%) and no mix infection was found. In 230 blood samples there were 15 (6.5%) males and 8 (3.4%) females which were infected by malaria parasite. In 15 infected males there were 11 (73.3%) P.vivax and 4 (26.6%) were P.falciparum. Also in 8 infected females there were 5 (62.5%) P.vivax and 3 (37.5%) were P.falciparum. In both males and females P.vivax were found more than P.falciparum. Month wise samples were collected and its prevalence was studied. Different age groups were made and malaria prevalence was studied in them. 5 years or less than 5 years group was not included. Malaria disease was found more in age group from 6 years up to 15 years.
EFEKTIFITAS MEDIA BUKU AJAR BERBASIS QR CODE (QUICK RESPONSE CODE) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MAHARAH KALAM BAGI MAHASISWA

Creative and innovative media in the form of QR Code-based Arabic textbooks aim to eliminate the monotony and boredom of students and make it easier for students to learn Arabic lessons, especially in Maharah Kalam. The research method used is Research and Development (R&amp;D) with a development model from Borg and Gall which consists of 10 stages. Research instruments include observation, interviews, surveys and testing. The research data are in the form of expert questionnaires and respondent questionnaires, which are analyzed through evaluation indicators. According to the findings of this study, the QR Code-based textbook products are grouped by: hiwar, mufrodat, istima', qiro'ah, kalam, and kitabah. QR Codes are present in the hiwar, mufrodat, and istima' sections. With chapter boundaries and illustrative images for ease of understanding. 2) Very feasible, The media validation questionnaire score of 88.8% and the material validation questionnaire score of 94% are both feasible, with excellent criteria. 3) Based on the results of the Wilcoxon test, learning becomes very effective because of positive changes for students. So it can be concluded that with this media students are more interested and even easier to learn Arabic and its maharah especially maharah kalam.
Tamper Detection in Industrial Sensors: An Approach Based on Anomaly Detection

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has catapulted the integration of advanced technologies in industrial operations, where interconnected systems rely heavily on sensor information. However, this dependency has revealed an essential vulnerability: Sabotaging these sensors can lead to costly and dangerous interruptions in the production chain. To address this threat, we introduce an innovative methodological approach focused on developing an anomaly detection algorithm specifically designed to track manipulations in industrial sensors. Through a series of meticulous tests in an industrial environment, we validate the robustness and accuracy of our proposal. What distinguishes this study is its unique adaptability to various sensor conditions, achieving high detection accuracy and prompt response. Our algorithm demonstrates superiority in accuracy and sensitivity compared to previously established methodologies. Beyond detection, we incorporate a proactive alert and response system, guaranteeing timely action against detected anomalies. This work offers a tangible solution to a growing challenge. It lays the foundation for strengthening security in industrial systems of the digital age, harmonizing efficiency with protection in the Industry 4.0 landscape.
2D compressed sensing of encrypted images based on complex‐valued measurement matrix

Abstract When using untrusted third parties to compress and transmit images in real‐life scenarios, it is vital to encrypt them before compression. In order to better address the issues of low security in the original image and poor reconstruction quality of the encrypted image during compressed sensing, this paper proposes a 2D compressed sensing scheme for encrypted images based on complex‐valued measurement matrix (2DCS‐CVM). Firstly, the SHA‐256 algorithm generates keys for the hyperchaotic Lorenz system, and then the chaotic sequences are used to create encrypted images with increased security through subtractive diffusion and global permutation. Secondly, the complex‐valued Vandermonde measurement matrix is utilized for 2D compressed sensing on the encrypted image, and the two‐dimensional projected gradient with embedding decryption algorithm is used to generate recovered images with improved reconstruction performance. Finally, the measurement matrix's computational complexity and transmission bandwidth are reduced through structural sparsification with sparse random matrices. Simulation results demonstrate that this scheme offers an optimal balance between storage, computational complexity, hardware implementation, and reconstruction performance while providing excellent security and robustness.
INCREASING THE STUDENT’S SPEAKING SKILL IN DESCRIBING THINGS BY USING YOUTUBE VIDEO AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE OF SMA NEGERI 3 MANDREHE UTARA IN 2022/2023

Speaking is a way of communicating with the other people orally. In fact, there was a gap between the expectations and the reality. The students were unable to speak the describing things by using YouTube video. The objective of the research is to increase the students’ speaking skill in describing things by using YouTube video. This research applied Classroom Action Research in order to improve students’ speaking ability in describing things. The subject of the research were students at at the eleventh grade of SMA Negeri 3 Mandrehe Utara consist of 20 students. The instruments to collecting the data were observation, evaluation, and field notes. The result in this research showed that there were enhancement of students’ speaking skill in describing things. In Cycle I the students failed to achieve the MCC and the average of the student’s scores was 55, the average of fluency level score in cycle I was 2+. But in Cycle II the students were successful, the average of the students’ score was 75, the average of fluency level score in cycle I was 3+. Because of students’ grades in cycle II is higher than cycle I, the researcher concludes that YouTube video can increase the students speaking skills in in describing things at the eleventh grade of SMA Negeri 3 Mandrehe Utara.
Multimodal teaching analytics: the application of SCORM courseware technology integrating 360-degree panoramic VR in historical courses

Abstract History courses are an essential part of a national education. The application of traditional courseware's media forms in education still requires further development and refinement. Herein, we report on a history courseware mode that integrates various historical teaching media, including 360-degree VR, paintings, maps, infographics, text, audio, and videos, based on the SCORM standard. These media elements are used to provide learners with a multimodal learning experience in history courses. We monitor the learning effects using EEG and questionnaires. The results show a significant improvement in our multimodal courseware technology compared to traditional courseware.
Analysis Conversation Gambits Used by Fourth Semester of English Education Program at Nurul Huda University

This research was carried out to determine the types and functions of gambits used by fourth semester students of English Education program. The objective of the study was to know what are the types of conversation gambits used in classroom discussion. This research used qualitative descriptive. The data of this research had been collected by way of the use of video recording. The data turned into analyzed in three principal there were: data redaction, data display and conclusion. The end result of this research discovered there were three types of gambits uttered by fourth semester of English Education program in classroom discussion, particularly: opening gambits, linking gambits, and responding gambits, and every types of gambits have different functions. The first function of opening gambits which includes asking information, breaking in, act in order, telling the story and personal person. The second function of gambits there were give reason, illustring your point and hesitation phrase. The last function of gambits there were right and wrong, showing interest, communication control, and accepting complete
Membangun Sistem Informasi Administrasi Berbasis Web di RW. 024 Karangsatria, Tambun Utara Bekasi

Administrative services are very important and become a routine for village government. One of them is in the office of the Rukun Warga 024 Karangsatria Village, North Tambun, Bekasi. The importance of letter administration services in government agencies requires accuracy and service optimization, so that this letter administration service runs optimally and there should be no more errors and mistakes in carrying out this administrative service. With the development of information technology, it gives color to the author to create a web-based administrative information sistem at the Rukun Warga office 024 Karangsatria Village, Tambun Utara, Bekasi. This sistem will make it easy for the public to apply for letters such as a certificate of incapacity and a certificate of domicile, and also provide information..&#x0D; Keywords: Administration, Web, PHP
Annotate Smarter, Not Harder: Using Active Learning to Reduce Emotional Annotation Effort

The success of supervised models for emotion recognition on images heavily depends on the availability of images properly annotated. Although millions of images are presently available, only a few are annotated with reliable emotional information. Current emotion recognition solutions either use large amounts of weakly-labeled web images, which often contain noise that is unrelated to the emotions of the image, or transfer learning, which usually results in performance losses. Thus, it would be desirable to know which images would be useful to be annotated to avoid an extensive annotation effort. In this paper, we propose a novel approach based on active learning to choose which images are more relevant to be annotated. Our approach dynamically combines multiple active learning strategies and learns the best ones (without prior knowledge of the best ones). Experiments using nine benchmark datasets revealed that: (i) active learning allows to reduce the annotation effort, while reaching or surpassing the performance of a supervised baseline with as little as 3% to 18% of the baseline's training set, in classification tasks; (ii) our online combination of multiple strategies converges to the performance of the best individual strategies, while avoiding the experimentation overhead needed to identify them.
Mitigating False Positive Static Analysis Warnings: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

Static analysis (SA) tools can generate useful static warnings to reveal the problematic code snippets in a software system without dynamically executing the corresponding source code. In the literature, static warnings are of paramount importance because they can easily indicate specific types of software defects in the early stage of a software development process, which accordingly reduces the maintenance costs by a substantial margin. Unfortunately, due to the conservative approximations of such SA tools, a large number of false positive (FP for short) warnings (i.e., they do not indicate real bugs) are generated, making these tools less effective. During the past two decades, therefore, many false positive mitigation (FPM for short) approaches have been proposed so that more accurate and critical warnings can be delivered to developers. This paper offers a detailed survey of research achievements on the topic of FPM. Given the collected 130 surveyed papers, we conduct a comprehensive investigation from five different perspectives. First, we reveal the research trends of this field. Second, we classify the existing FPM approaches into five different types and then present the concrete research progress. Third, we analyze the evaluation system applied to examine the performance of the proposed approaches in terms of studied SA tools, evaluation scenarios, performance indicators, and collected datasets, respectively. Fourth, we summarize the four types of empirical studies relating to SA warnings to exploit the insightful findings that are helpful to reduce FP warnings. Finally, we sum up 10 challenges unresolved in the literature from the aspects of systematicness, effectiveness, completeness, and practicability and outline possible research opportunities based on three emerging techniques in the future.
Understanding Cybercrime Offending and Victimization Patterns from a Global Perspective

Cybercrime research within criminology and criminal justice sciences has increased over the past few decades, improving the knowledge and evidence-base around cybercrime offending and victimization generally.While earlier cybercrime studies were based primarily in the United States, there has been a recent surge in studies using international samples and multidisciplinary approaches to understand cybercrime patterns.The current issue of the International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence and Cybercrime consists of four articles that seek to advance our understanding of cybercrime behaviors from a global perspective.To that end, the objective of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the articles included in this issue.The overview will comprise a summary report of each study's objectives, main findings, and implications.Exploring cybercrime from an international perspective underscores both the global nature of the phenomena and the need to form deeper insights into its unique properties.
Toward Mitigating, Minimizing, and Preventing Cybercrimes and Cybersecurity Risks

Cybercrime and cybersecurity are emerging fields of research, shaped by technological developments.Scholars in these interconnected fields have studied different types of cybercrimes as well as victimization and offending.Increasingly, some of these scholars have focused on the ways in which cybercrimes can be mitigated, minimized, and even prevented.However, such strategies are often difficult to achieve in reality due to the human and technical factors surrounding cybercrimes.In this issue of the International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence and Cybercrime, three papers adequately address such challenges using college student samples and nationally representative samples, as well as a framework through which cybersecurity can be better managed.Theoretically speaking, these studies use traditional criminological theories to explore different types of cybercrimes and cybersecurity while enhancing our understandings of both.The issue is concluded with a book review of a work about computer crime that was published before the Internet age and offers useful insights for current and future cybercrime studies.
An Exploratory Study on School Restructuring In the Post Corona Era

The purpose of this study is to explore the school restructuring based on the teacher's experience following COVID-19. Based on a qualitative meta-synthesis, the results of the analysis of 10 qualitative studies that analyzed the cases experienced by schools and teachers in the COVID-19 situation showed that 'a deep understanding of student life', 'a small school system within a school', ' A solid educational connection between school-home-local community was sought in the school restructuring. First, in order for school educational activities to continue in an educational crisis situation, understanding of student life and learning should be prioritized. In addition, the school organization is required to change to a small school system within the school where the flexibility of the work structure and the grade-oriented decision-making culture are secured. Finally, in order to realize the purpose of education, which is to take care of students and guarantee the right to learn, a strong educational bond between the school and the home and local community should be established. Based on the above results, reinforce student counseling and normalize student life records with policy suggestions in the practice area, prepare a cooperative system between the previous year's teachers and the current year's teachers during the transition period, and restructure the roles of department and grade heads teacher, (tentative name)the primary care school teacher system was proposed.
A Study on the Process and Cause of the Policy of Consolidation and Fostering of Rural Small Schools

In this study, the process of changing the policy of 'integration' of rural small schools to 'Fostering' policy was described, and the cause of policy change was analyzed. The government-level consolidation and fostering policy change process was restructured and described as a consolidation policy promotion period from 1982 to 2009, a consolidation and fostering policy mixing period from 2010 to 2015, and a fostering policy promotion period from 2016 to the present. It was confirmed that the policy of fostering small schools at the level of the metropolitan and provincial offices of education was promoted as a self-rescue measure to prevent the devastation and extinction of many small schools. As a result of analyzing policy changes, it was found that "internal factors" due to the limitations of the consolidation policy, "policy ideas" on efficiency and equity, "interest relations" of policy participants composed of government, teachers, civic groups, and progressive superintendents. As a conclusion on the policy of rural small schools, it was suggested that the policy should first consider guaranteeing student learning rights and high-quality educational experiences, and specific examples of unit school-oriented movements should be made in order to expand the policy.
The Structural Relationship among Social Support, Work Values and Major Commitment of Technical High School Students

이 연구의 목적은 공업계 고등학생들의 사회적 지지, 직업가치관, 전공몰입간의 구조적 관계를 구명하는 것이다. 이 연구의 대상은 공업계 고등학생이며, 460명의 공업계 고등학생들을 조사대상으로 선정하였다. 조사도구로는 설문지를 활용하였으며, 회수된 443부 중 불성실 응답을 제외한 389부를 분석에 활용하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 공업계고 학생들이 받는 사회적 지지는 그들의 직업가치관과 전공몰입에 직접적으로 영향을 주었다. 그리고 공업계고 학생들의 외재적 직업가치관은 그들의 전공몰입에 직접적으로 영향을 주었으나 내재적 직업가치관은 전공몰입에 영향을 주지 않았다. 둘째, 공업계고 학생들이 받는 사회적 지지, 직업가치관, 전공몰입의 구조적 관계에서 직업가치관의 매개효과는 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 특성화고와 마이스터고로 분류하여 분석한 결과 특성화고의 경우 학생들이 받는 사회적 지지는 직접적으로 학생들의 전공몰입에 영향을 줄뿐 아니라 외재적 직업가치관을 매개(부분 매개)로 하여 전공몰입에 영향을 주었다. 셋째, 특성화고 학생들보다 마이스터고 학생들이 받는 사회적 지지가 전공몰입에 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 마이스터고 학생들의 경우 외재적 직업가치관이 전공몰입에 영향을 주지 않는 것에 비하여 특성화고 학생들의 경우 외재적 직업가치관이 전공몰입에 긍정적인 영향을 주었다. The purposes of this study were to measure social support, work values and major commitment of technical high school students, and to analyze the structural relationship among social support, work values and major commitment of them. The population was technical high school students. The study was carried out through questionnaire survey method. The survey questionnaire was sent by mail. A survey questionnaire consists of 47 items. 389 questionnaires were used for analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for data analysis. And the data was analyzed by using structural equation modeling to examine structural relationship. The results of this study were as follows: First, social support for technical high school students had a positive effect on work values and major commitment of them. Extrinsic work values of technical high school students had a positive effect on major commitment of them. But intrinsic work values of technical high school students had no effect on major commitment of them. Second, the mediating effect of extrinsic work values of technical high school students was not significant in pathway from social support to major commitment. But extrinsic work values of technical specialized high school students played a role as a partial mediator in pathway from social support to major commitment. Third, a multi-group analysis by school type revealed that social support for technical meister high school students had a greater influence on their major commitment than technical specialized high school students. Extrinsic work values of technical meister high school students did not affect major commitment of them. Extrinsic work values of technical specialized high school students affected major commitment of them.