Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Inequality and Education: A Critical Analysis of Class Theories in the Present Context

The purpose of this article is to analyze how education works in Nepal based on theories related to class inequality. The paper argues that the unequal distribution of wealth and power, prestige, social discrimination and cultural hegemony creates social inequality. Karl Marx and Max Weber made significant contributions to the study of social inequality arguing that the education system is controlled by the class that has the most wealth and power. As a result, the ruling class of Nepal has not paid much attention to improving the quality of government schools to be studied by children of lower economic classes. However, the class structure is in the changing process at present. The service sector is becoming wider than the manufacturing sector. The role of the manager is stronger than that of the owner. The education system is closely related to the new class structure. Therefore, the present educational inequality cannot be understood only from the viewpoint of the traditional class system. It is necessary to understand and find solutions to the new class structure created on the basis of economic as well as cultural hegemony and administrative status in the present context of the world including Nepal. And equality and quality should be sought in education to reduce class inequality in Nepali society. For this, it is necessary to make structural changes from national policy to classroom teaching and learning.
THE TOUNG EXPLORES UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ EMOTIONAL ACTIVATION IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION - RESEARCH REPORT

The article presents the results of a quantitative-qualitative study and establishes how emotional activation of elementary school students who took part in non-formal education classes occurs. The study involved a target population of 1,496 elementary school students from the Subcarpathian region, from which, the study population of 536 elementary school students was drawn. The main research method was the diagnostic survey method, in which the technique was a survey and the tool was a survey questionnaire. The research was based on five characteristics of non-formal education, which was characterized based on the subject matter of the classes held, the teacher-student relationship, motivation to learn, the use of information and communication technologies, as well as the acquisition of practical skills. Based on the research, it can be concluded that emotional activation of students participating in non-formal education classes occurs only in the form of positive emotions, i.e. ecstasy, joy, trust. It can also be concluded that the isolated scopes of emotional activation of students had the highest degree of emotional activation in the context of information and communication technologies, as well as the development of practical skills.
The Influence of the Other-Race Effect on Susceptibility to Face Morphing Attacks

Facial morphs created between two identities resemble both of the faces used to create the morph. Consequently, humans and machines are prone to mistake morphs made from two identities for either of the faces used to create the morph. This vulnerability has been exploited in “morph attacks” in security scenarios. Here, we asked whether the “other-race effect” (ORE)—the human advantage for identifying own- vs. other-race faces—exacerbates morph attack susceptibility for humans. We also asked whether face-identification performance in a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) is affected by the race of morphed faces. Caucasian (CA) and East-Asian (EA) participants performed a face-identity matching task on pairs of CA and EA face images in two conditions. In the morph condition, different-identity pairs consisted of an image of identity “A” and a 50/50 morph between images of identity “A” and “B”. In the baseline condition, morphs of different identities never appeared. As expected, morphs were identified mistakenly more often than original face images. Of primary interest, morph identification was substantially worse for cross-race faces than for own-race faces. Similar to humans, the DCNN performed more accurately for original face images than for morphed image pairs. Notably, the deep network proved substantially more accurate than humans in both cases. The results point to the possibility that DCNNs might be useful for improving face identification accuracy when morphed faces are presented. They also indicate the significance of the race of a face in morph attack susceptibility in applied settings.
Data Anonymization: Techniques and Models

Data growth is exponential and nearly immeasurable. We used to talk about megabytes when we spoke about data, but now we talk about petabytes with BigData. This data growth makes sensitive data and identifiers increasingly exposed. To address this issue, there is anonymization data, which attempts to “mask” the data so that it is nearly difficult to identify and correlate persons with them; yet, the data remains usable for statistical reasons, among other things. To avoid falling behind in these technical difficulties, many businesses employ free, open-source software. However, this software is not always secure or meets the user’s expectations. The goal of OSSpal is to normalize these concerns.
Neobkhodimost' razvitiia refleksivnoi kompetentnosti u budushchego pedagoga na etape vuzovskoi podgotovki

In considering the theoretical and methodological development of the validity of the reflexive competence of the future teacher in research, presenting the implementation of innovative practice on experimental conditions for the reflexive activity of students – experienced teachers. Reflective teaching of ideas in educational activities in higher education implements: subjectivity in the educational process, individualization, dialogicity and metasubjectivity. Research work was carried out with students of different levels and areas of training: bachelors, masters, specialists (in the areas of training: 44.03.01 and 44.04.01 «Pedagogical education» and 44.03.02 and 44.04.02 «Psychological and pedagogical education»). Research results show that the development of the reflective competence of the future teacher at the university occurs as a result of the systemic work of the university and the pedagogical community. The author comes to the conclusion that it is possible and necessary to develop the reflective competence of a teacher not only on the basis of his many years of professional experience, but also in a reflective environment at the stage of studying at a university.
A Study of Meaning Constructing of Young Children with Jeju Haenyeo Picture Book

Purpose: This study examines the process of constructing the meaning of a picture book for young children revealed in the situation of reading a picture book with Jeju haenyeo as the main character. Method: The participants were children aged 4 to 5 years old, and for 8 times in February 2023, they read picture books with researchers and teachers. Results: The children explored the cover of the picturebook, guessed the title, and changed the words and pictures into terms they knew to understand the contents in detail. And after interpreting the picture book in connection with what they knew and experienced, they enjoyed the picture book and realized the meaning of Jeju culture and sustainable life practiced by haenyeo. Conclusion: To understand picture books, young children brought their own prior knowledge, and after grasping the contents of picture books through the interpretation community, it was found that they enjoyed it.
Analyzing Teacher Identity of Korean Language Teachers in Korea

This study aims to identify the identity of Korean language teachers in Korea by categorizing the factors of teacher identity into motivation for continuing as a Korean language teacher, role recognition, teacher efficacy, professional growth of Korean language teachers. The study also examines differences in teacher identity based on individual variables. A survey showed that they had the same recognition of their role regardless of individual variables, and they exhibited a high level of teacher efficacy, interest, passion, and willingness to develop professionalism. However, satisfaction with their career choice and intention to continue teaching as a profession were relatively low, and satisfaction with salary and willingness to recommend the profession were even lower.
A Study on the Improvement Direction of Local Arts Support Projects: Focusing on Gwangju Metropolitan City

The purpose of this study is to consider the improvement direction of the arts support project reflecting the actual conditions and characteristics of the region, focusing on the case of Gwangju Metropolitan City. For this consideration, this study examined the current status of art support projects conducted by the Gwangju Cultural Foundation in 2022, identified the actual conditions and characteristics of the region, and based on this, determined the improvement direction of the local arts support project. As a result, it was found that supports for space for practice and events, for securing audiences, for diversification of publicity strategies, for securing new artists, induction of innovative planning, and fine adjustment of support projects were necessary. As a way to solve these problems, this study proposed connection supports between art groups (artists) and public culture and arts infrastructure with low usage rates, providing information on domestic and foreign arts trends, holding planning related workshops, guidance of word-of-mouth publicity through friends, establishment of a recommendation system, inducing diversification of publicity by age group, abolishing the break year system in young artist support projects, and providing a venue for exchanges among artists.
History and current status of Danish integration of ECEC for children's rights

연구목적: 저출생 문제는 물론이고 아동권리 관점에서도 유보통합은 반드시 이루어져야 한다. 이에 본 연구는 일찍이 유아교육과 보육을 일원화한 북유럽 국가들 중에서도 영아보육에가장 역점을 두어 온 덴마크의 사례를 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법: 이를 위해 덴마크를 포함한 북유럽의 ECEC와 관련된 각종 논문, 저서, 정책보고서, 정부 간행물, 통계청 등 정부 기관 홈페이지 등을 문헌 조사하였다. 결과: 먼저 탁아소와 유치원이 처음 설립되었던 19세기부터 현재에 이르기까지 유보통합의 역사를 개관하였다. 다음으로 유보통합을 단순히 ‘통합’과 ‘분리’의 이분법적이고 일차원적인 개념이 아니라 다면적이고 연속체 상의 개념으로 본 유럽연합 집행위원회의 모델에 따라 기관, 거버넌스, 교직원, 커리큘럼 등 4가지 차원에 따라 덴마크의 유보통합 현황을 분석하고, 우리나라 유보통합에 주는 시사점을 논의하였다. 결론: 정치적 목적이나 집단의 이익을 위해서가 아니라 아동권리의 관점에서 유보통합이 이루어진 덴마크를 벤치마킹하여 우리나라에서도 유아교육계와 보육계가 협력하여 유보통합에 성공하기를 기대한다.Objectives: Integration of Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) should be accomplished not only from the low birth rate issue, but also from the perspective of children's rights. This study aims to examine the case of Denmark, which has placed the most emphasis on infant care among the Nordic countries. Methods: Articles, books, policy reports, government publications, and websites of government agencies, such as the National Statistical Office, related to ECEC in Nordic countries including Denmark were investigated. Results: The history of integration of ECEC from the 19th century to the present were reviewed. The current status of integration of ECEC in Denmark according to the four dimensions of the European Commission's model(institutions, governance, teacher, and curriculum) was analyzed. Conclusions: Implications of the Danish case for the integration of ECEC in Korea were discussed from the perspective of children's rights.
STUDENTS’ STRATEGIES IN WRITING PROPOSAL THESIS AT ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM OF KHAIRUN UNIVERSITY

The purpose of this study was to know the students’ strategies in writing proposal thesis at English Study Program of Khairun University. This study uses a qualitative method. Ten students participated in this research. The data analyzed was used contend analyze and the data collection technique used in this study was interviewed. the result showed that There were 8 out of 10 respondents involved in this research are able to determine their strategies and concepts used in writing proposal thesis then also from 2 out of 10 respondents did not have the strategies or concepts that used in writing proposal thesis and in writing proposal thesis most of students obtained score 42% which is known as pre writing strategy then the second, students obtained score 33% which is known as while writing strategy and the third students obtained 25 which is known as post writing strategy.
A Study on Yun Dong-ju's Poetry through Bibliographic Data Analysis 1

The purpose of this paper is to discuss Yun Dong-ju's poetry through an empirical analysis of “Eorini(Child)” and “Aisaenghwal(Child Life)”, which are bibliographic data related to Yun Dong-ju. Based on the analysis of “Eorini(Children)” and “Aisaenghwal(Child Life)”, this paper was raised questions on widely known opinions such as the view that the motivation for Yun Dong-ju to start recording study notes was the influence of Song Mong-gyu, and that the decisive opportunity for Yun Dong-ju to create cildren’s poem was “Jeong Ji-yong’s collection of Poem”. In addition, we confirmed the Korean translation of Turgenev's ‘A Beggar’ published in “Aisaenghwal(Child Life)”, inferred the possibility that the text of ‘A Beggar’ read by Yun Dong-ju was a Japanese translation, and discussed the parody technique shown in the prose poem ‘Turgenev's Hill’.
Landslide Potential Analysis Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in South Leato Village, Gorontalo City, Indonesia

Spatial data technology using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is one of the aerial imaging technologies used to produce detailed data. However, its utilization for mapping, especially disaster mapping needs an in-depth study. The research site is located within 00-”00’29°51’31°00” N and 12327’5°-123”00’3°” E that covers an area of 2,531 Ha, which consists of 1,745 Ha land and 786 Ha water areas. Administratively, the research site is in South Leato Village of Dumbo Raya sub-district of Gorontalo city with a total area of 41,9 Ha. This study is aimed at assessing the landslide by creating a landslide zonation map and finding out the landslide potential area by using the UAV. This research employs field surveys by using drones and Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis. It is found that the parameters that influence landslides are lithology, rainfall, slope inclination, lineament density, and land use. The landslide vulnerability analysis reveals three levels of vulnerability in this site; low, medium, and high vulnerability, in which, 19 Ha is classified as low vulnerability area, 9.5 Ha is classified as medium vulnerable, and 13.5 Ha is classified as highly vulnerable area.
Reflective Writing Education Using Classical Prose

This study aims to propose the possibilities and approaches of using the traditional literary form of “seol” in reflective writing education. Seol works depict the process of expanding insights gained from everyday experiences to universal truths, making them valuable resources for reflective writing. The focus of this research is to present a reflective writing curriculum using the seol “Chama-seol.” By analyzing the themes and delivery methods of the work, the study suggests ways in which learners can apply these techniques to their own writing and considers factors such as feedback from instructors and peers. Throughout this process, it was confirmed that seol works, among classical literature, can be highly beneficial for reflective writing education. Utilizing classical literature provides an opportunity to revitalize the value of classical translations and enable creative continuity. Through this approach, learners can enhance their ability to identify personal issues, cultivate humanistic knowledge, and improve their capacity to think critically and express themselves within diverse cultural and social contexts. Moreover, implementing the proposed methods from this study can maximize the effectiveness of reflective writing education. Based on these educational implications, utilizing classical literature, especially seol works, in reflective writing education is expected to be highly advantageous and beneficial, offering a valuable educational approach.
A Study on Appropriate Persona Types for Personal Information Request in Recommendation and Reservation Chatbots

Recent AI advances and the emergence of generative pre-trained transformers (ChatGPTs) have driven interest in chatbots across industries, providing highly personalized services. When chatbots request personal information for customization, sensitivity is crucial. This study explores the best-suited persona types for chatbot recommendations and reservations, based on whether personal information is requested. An online survey was conducted with two scenarios (hospital, real estate) for participants to experience. Results revealed main effects of chatbot persona on trust and intimacy, and personal information requests on trust. Interaction effects were found for trust, intimacy, perceived competence, and usefulness. This study's significance lies in empirically validating chatbot persona types amid diverse contexts.
The Experience of College Lift during COVID-19 Pandemic: Targeting the Nursing Students

This study was a qualitative study using focus group interviews to explore the college life experiences of nursing students during the COVID-19 period. Participants was conducted on 24 1st to 4th graders attending the nursing department. As a result of the study, three central themes were derived: ‘The boundaries of life are blurred due to COVID-19’, ‘Experiencing the ambivalence of non-face-to-face online classes’, and ‘The method chosen to fill the deficiency acts as a growth engine’. Participants said that college life during the COVID-19 period was somewhat negative and lacking, but among them, they were filling it with positive experiences that could be the driving force for self-growth. In the future, I propose a study on class design that can increase the interaction between professors and students necessary to increase the efficiency of non-face-to-face classes, and follow-up studies on the development and operation effects of programs to improve students' selfregulation skills.
Phenomenological Study of Learner-Centered Learning Using Metaverse: Based Facilitation

The purpose of this study is to analyze learner-centered Media English learning using Metaverse-based facilitation through a phenomenological method, which is a type of qualitative research. An English class at a private university in Chungcheongbuk-do was implemented in GatherTown, one of the Metaverse platforms, and made learner-centered through appropriate facilitation by the professor. The students' experiences in this new classroom environment, the professor's role, and the students' internal and external changes were analyzed in depth using Mustakas' phenomenological research method. First, students felt fun and interesting in new learning; Second, the professor played the role of a facilitator who promoted student participation and cooperation; Third, the class made students internally motivated to learn actively; and fourth, students externally experienced learner-centered learning through interaction among students. Finally, we discussed the need for proper facilitation by the instructor for a metaverse-based English class
A Legal Study on the Improvement of the Appeal System for Educators

The Appeal System for Educators is an essential system for protecting educators' rights and is currently working well. However, there are many things to improve. Especially as the decline of teaching power is becoming more widespread, affecting even the preference for the teaching profession, it is more necessary than ever to find ways to improve The appeal system for educators to restore the stability of the teaching staff and to encourage them to teach with confidence as education professionals. Under these circumstances, we looked at the problems of the current school cleaning system and ways to improve it. First of all, it is necessary to expand the claimant qualification and claim targets in the Appeal for Educators, as expanding the avenues for educators who have been unfairly or excessively disciplined in the field of education to complain about their unfairness and receive relief is the starting point for protecting the status and rights of educators. Specifically, national university lecturers, who are appointed through a similar process to full-time faculty and perform the same duties, should be granted the right to file a complaint. In addition, the need to allow appeals for warnings and cautions, which are essentially no different from unwritten warnings, needs to be seriously and actively examined. In addition, recognizing the administrative action of private school educator discipline and granting the right to apply for an administrative stay should be interpreted prospectively. The operation of the Appeal Commission for Educators should also allow reconciliation and mediation at the educator appeal stage, and the scope of grievance claims, which is currently very narrow, should be interpreted more broadly so that conflicts and work difficulties in education can be resolved quickly and accurately. Some of these improvements are interpretive and some are legislative. And when these system improvements are made, the burden of work on the Appeal Commission for Educators will inevitably increase. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the efficiency and professionalism of the work by expanding the organization of the Appeal Commission for Educators and deploying more experts qualified as lawyers. In addition, it is also necessary to consider separating kindergarten, elementary, and secondary school teachers from university educators as a way to further enhance the professionalism of the Appeal Commission for Educators.
Experience and Meaning of Middle-aged and Elderly Retired Professionals Participation in Educational Support Projects for Social Contribution Activities

This study aims to identify the experience and meaning of middle-aged and elderly retired professionals participation in the educational support project for social contribution activities, and to explore the diffusion method of educational support projects and practical and effective alternatives. To conduct the study, we performed a focus group interview (FGI) with nine middle-aged and elderly retired professionals who participated in the educational support project for social contribution activities. The collected data were analyzed through thematic analysis, and the main research results were categorized into four themes with relevant twelve sub-themes as follows: 1) ‘Life dynamics,’ 2) ‘Networking: expansion of experience,’ 3) ‘Need for redefining the concept,’ and 4) ‘Need for re-education opportunities,’. Based on this study’s results, we have suggested the practical implications of social welfare necessary for the diffusion of the educational support project for social contribution activities and the adaptation of social participation of middle-aged and elderly retired professionals.
A Study on Creation of Social Value of Village Community Media: Focused on Pyeonghwa-dong Village Community Newspaper, Jeonju

This study looks into Pyeonghwa-dong Village Community Newspaper, a village community media that represents Jeonrabuk-do and is assessed as a sustainably growing model in order to analyze whether it practically creates social values in the city and what value it creates if it creates any value. It is independent, expandability and continuity that shall be paid attention onto with regards to Pyeonghwa-dong Village Newspaper, which began to be published first in 2010 and has been issued without any skip till 2023 so far since its first publication thanks to pay-free volunteer journalists’ volunteering. Furthermore, it does not only deal with various kinds of local issues through corporation with neighboring small communities but also operate ‘on-line Dure’ motivated from Dure, a traditional community activity, to enhance the communication with community people. Based on both quantitative and qualitative assessments, this study has verified that Pyeonghwa-dong Village Community Newspaper has been creating social values through its activities of 13years.