Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
State-of-the-Art, Challenges and Open Issues in Integration of Block Chain and IoT

Block chain is the most promising technology for Internet of value that provides anonymity, security, privacy, and transparency to all its users. A block chain is a tamper-evident, shared digital ledger that records transactions in a public or private peer-to-peer network distributed to all member nodes in the network. Block chain permanently records all the transactions in a sequential chain of cryptographic hash-linked blocks, with the history of asset exchanges that took place between the peers in the network. Today block chain is one of the widely discussed and crucially analysed subjects. It is a promising technology breakthrough that in short run can largely help in reducing the costs but in the long run it has the potential of creating trans-formative business models by digitizing trust and agreements.The other technology that has revolutionized the Internet is the Internet of Things (IoT) –a technology that can connect nearly all the devices over the Internet for creating innovative services and applications by sharing and communicating their data. IoT with so many benefits also raises several security challenges that can be resolved by integrating IoT with block chain technology. This chapter provides a synopsis of technical characteristics of the block chain and IoT by reviewing block chain technology, its applications and challenges followed by review of the IoT system’s security and privacy issues. The chapter then proceeds to discuss the integration challenges and issues of Block chain and IoT technologies by unfolding default limitations of Block chain such as network expansion, lack of IoT-centric transaction validation rules and the absence of IoT-focused consensus protocols, insecure device integration that needs to be addressed before it can be used securely and efficiently in an IoT environment.
Pixel Purity Index Applied to the Mapping of Degraded Soils by the Presence of Cangahuas in the Ilaló Volcano, Ecuador

Soil degradation is a severe problem in the northern region of Ecuador.Due to deforestation, expansion of the agricultural frontier, and poor tillage practices, the outcrop of cangahuas further aggravates.Remote Sensing allows mapping this type of subsoil, which is often related to eroded areas; the spatial resolution of free multispectral images contains more than one coverage.This means that techniques to discern the pure spectral signature of the object of interest are required.Pixel Purity Index (PPI) is an endmember extraction algorithm capable of selecting the pure pixel and classifying it better than object-oriented techniques.The study's objective was to map soils with outcrops of cangahua, by PPI applied to Landsat 8 images in Ilaló volcano and later performed a physicochemical characterization to know the magnitude of the soil degradation in the mapped areas.We used two models with PPI: SAM and LSU; both were compared with classifications based on three vegetation indexes.LSU obtained the best result (91.2% accuracy and 0.81 Kappa coefficient).The mapped cangahua was approximately 806.85 ha.The soil had an average porosity of 45%, a relative density of 2.271 g/cm3, low concentrations of nitrates, phosphates, and sulfates, electrical conductivity <500 µS/cm, and alkaline pH, this means there is soil degradation.The PPI method had good accuracy and was achieved in identifying cangahua outcrops, which demonstrated its potentiality in mapping land cover.
The Communicative Functions, Topics, and Gender in SMS Text Messages. The Case of Algerian EFL Master 1 Students of the Department of English, M’hamed Bougara University of Boumerdes

This study explored the communicative functions and topics addressed in SMS texting and the differences in use across gender. 360 text messages created by Algerian EFL students were collected and analyzed. Eight categories of function emerged from the data, namely coordination of social life, expression of feelings, exchange of information, greetings, greeting on special occasions, discussion of the Internet/ phone connection issues, and comment on events. Further findings on the covered topics highlighted seven main topics, namely love and friendship, planning activities, greetings, special occasion greetings, school topics, and the Internet/ phone connection subject. Regarding gender, distinctions in terms of SMS use and topics were additionally noted. The results highlighted differences in SMS use with females’ employment of text messages for expressing feelings and coordinating school issues, contrary to males who used messages for requests and commenting on events. Differences were also reported regarding the topics addressed in messages. The findings revealed females’ higher inclination to discuss love and friendship issues, greeting on special occasions, and school matters. In contrast, males were substantially more concerned over the recipients’ welfare and planning of social activities. Consistently, the statistical treatment of the results confirmed the gender impact on both issues of function and topic.
Logsig-RNN: a novel network for robust and efficient skeleton-based action recognition

This paper contributes to the challenge of skeleton-based human action recognition in videos. The key step is to develop a generic network architecture to extract discriminative features for the spatio-temporal skeleton data. In this paper, we propose a novel module, namely Logsig-RNN, which is the combination of the log-signature layer and recurrent type neural networks (RNNs). The former one comes from the mathematically principled technology of signatures and log-signatures as representations for streamed data, which can manage high sample rate streams, non-uniform sampling and time series of variable length. It serves as an enhancement of the recurrent layer, which can be conveniently plugged into neural networks. Besides we propose two path transformation layers to significantly reduce path dimension while retaining the essential information fed into the Logsig-RNN module. Finally, numerical results demonstrate that replacing the RNN module by the Logsig-RNN module in SOTA networks consistently improves the performance on both Chalearn gesture data and NTU RGB+D 120 action data in terms of accuracy and robustness. In particular, we achieve the state-of-the-art accuracy on Chalearn2013 gesture data by combining simple path transformation layers with the Logsig-RNN. Codes are available at https://github.com/steveliao93/GCN_LogsigRNN.
Case Study of the Deployment of Mobile Library Resources Application (MoLiRA) in Academic Institution

Technology in educational institutions had influenced a lot and even changed the educational process there in. In the mobile age, every system is moving towards mobile-based service wherein everything had become available at the tip of the finger. In response to the call digitisation, Mobile Library Resources Application (MoLiRA) was developed to cater to the needs of the academe in knowledge management and to provide quality service to the students in terms of library services. The study was conducted in one of the schools in Bacolod City, Philippines, with the intention of evaluating its e-service quality level. The result of the study was that the MoLiRA enables the student to search through not only book-related resources but every library resource such as e-books, multimedia storage devices, unpublished researches, and other learning material using their primary gadget such as a smartphone. The study shows that the developed MoLiRA is high in terms of e-service quality level as perceived by the IT experts and students. The users have the ease of accessing the library resource information since the smartphone has become the primary gadget nowadays. The student can easily search resources available in the library which is in line with the course syllabus. Every library user using a smartphone received a notification informing them of the availability of the new library resources.
An Improved Multi-Objective PSO Algorithm for Workflow Scheduling in Cloud by Improving the

An important issue in cloud computing is workflow scheduling. Workflow scheduling is a way to map each work in a workflow into existing processing resources, so that its workflow rules are followed. Proper scheduling can improve the performance of servers and processors in doing tasks. There are several scheduling methods available to optimize the efficiency of servers throughput in the cloud environment. This paper presents an improved evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective scheduling of workflows in the cloud using improving the initial population. In this method, two IC-PCP and LOSS algorithms are used to generate good solutions, and these solutions are placed instead of random solutions in the initial population. Then the initial population obtained is applied to the PSO evolutionary algorithm. The goal of this improved multi-objective PSO algorithm is to minimize the overall cost of executing a workflow, provided that the deadline constraint is fulfilled. The results from our study show that our algorithm generally outperforms the other algorithms.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI MATERIAL BANGUNAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE UCD (USER CENTER DESIGN) STUDI KASUS UD. ABANG ADIK RANTAUPRAPAT

UD Building Shop. Abang Adik Rantauprapat is a business that is engaged in the sale of building goods. Transactions are still recorded manually in the form of notes, data processing and reporting often experience data inaccuracies and delays in delivering data information. From the results of research conducted, the researcher intends to solve the problems faced at UD. Rantauprapat's brother. Therefore, an information system design is needed. In developing the system used in the manufacture of this goods sales application using a structured approach, namely the user centered design (UCD) method where the data collection techniques used include a methodology consisting of 3 basic processes, namely analysis, design, and evaluation consisting of survey methods , task analysis, persona, product backlog, design guidelines, prototypes, user testing, and heuristic evaluations. The development method uses a structured method with several tools and techniques such as context diagrams and data flow diagrams. The programming language used in designing and implementing sales information systems is PHP MySQL. The results of research at UD.
As mudanças no ambiente de trabalho de um grupo educacional influenciadas pela pandemia da COVID-19

The context of COVID-19 marks a moment of crisis that is impacting human life in all aspects. Social isolation was the way found to control the proliferation of the disease, which has been responsible for causing profound changes in habitual customs. The considerations presented in this study aim to understand the changes in the working environment of an educational group influenced by the pandemic of COVID-19. The field survey (survey), using the questionnaire as a data collection instrument, was used to analyze the experience of employees of a medium-sized company in the city of Fortaleza in relation to the type of telework carried out during the pandemic. Thus, the perception of the Provisional Measure that instituted the Emergency Program for Maintaining Employment and Income and the behavior and adaptation to the new context were evaluated, where reactions of mental disorders and socioeconomic problems were observed. In general, despite all the effects and changes that the pandemic caused, the data show that the level of satisfaction in relation to quality of life and well-being was very high.
MUSEUM GEDONG KIRTYA SEBAGAI OBJEK WISATA MUSEUM DI KABUPATEN BULELENG

Gedong Kirtya Museum is the oldest lontar museum in Bali which was founded by F.A. Lieffrinck and Dr. H.N. Van der Tuuk in 1928. The purpose of the establishment of Gedong Kirtya was to revive aspects of ancient Balinese culture and Balinese culture that are still alive (survival) by studying and excavating the widest possible range of lontar in Bali and Lombok. The Gedong Kirtya Lontar Museum is managed by the Buleleng Culture Service through the UPT Gedong Kirtya which specifically collects lontar, copies of lontar, books translated from these lontars, as well as a collection of books researched on Balinese culture compiled in the colonial era (colonial era). . The number of manuscripts (lontar and lontar copies) at the Gedong Kirtya Museum to date is more than 5,200 manuscripts, about Balinese history, literature, magic, medicine and so on. Because Gedong Kirtya is a tourist attraction, every visitor is charged an entrance ticket, the amount of which is adjusted to the background of the visitor. Gedong Kirtya has also been designated as a Cultural Property because Gedong Kirtya was established in 1928. This is in accordance with Law Number 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Conservation. The law states that cultural heritage objects must be at least 50 years old. Keyword : Museum Gedong Kirtya, Wisata Museum
IMPROVING ENGLISH SKILLS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN CITENGAH VILLAGE, SUMEDANG

Citengah Village is one of the beautiful and exciting places in the Sumedang area that can be developed as a tourist destination. To achieve that goal, all preparations are required, including the English language skills of the children of Citengah elementary school. English learning at the elementary school level is one of the efforts to build qualified Indonesian people ready to compete globally. There are many obstacles found in English language learning in rural schools, such as student conditions, environment, and English teachers' competence. Therefore it is necessary to explain to students and teachers more accessible and fun methods of learning English. The implementation of English learning training consists of stages of introduction, learning, and evaluation. The introduction stage explained the importance of English language skills related to the development of tourism potential in Citengah and future challenges for millennials. At the learning stage, we begin to explain the existence of English as a language that should be seen as a culture and knowledge. At the evaluation stage, all students and teachers expressed delight with learning English that is not boring and helps to understand quickly. Complete Mastery of English includes four things: speaking, listening, reading, and writing. Given an explanation of how fun methods of learning English such as viewing pictures, playing, storytelling and singing.
Development of an entrepreneurial mindset of postgraduate students

The era of entrepreneurship emphasize the development of enterprise skills among scientists. Science and technology graduates with entrepreneurial mindsets are often drawn to innovation, opportunities and new value creation. We carried out an experiment of teaching entrepreneurship to doctoral students from chemistry background. Key component of our methodology was use of effectuation theory of entrepreneurship. The experiment described in this paper was found useful to motivate entrepreneurship in scientists.
CRIC: A VQA Dataset for Compositional Reasoning on Vision and Commonsense

Alternatively inferring on the visual facts and commonsense is fundamental for an advanced VQA system. This ability requires models to go beyond the literal understanding of commonsense. The system should not just treat objects as the entrance to query background knowledge, but fully ground commonsense to the visual world and imagine the possible relationships between objects, e.g., "fork, can lift, food". To comprehensively evaluate such abilities, we propose a VQA benchmark, CRIC, which introduces new types of questions about Compositional Reasoning on vIsion and Commonsense, and an evaluation metric integrating the correctness of answering and commonsense grounding. To collect such questions and rich additional annotations to support the metric, we also propose an automatic algorithm to generate question samples from the scene graph associated with the images and the relevant knowledge graph. We further analyze several representative types of VQA models on the CRIC dataset. Experimental results show that grounding the commonsense to the image region and joint reasoning on vision and commonsense are still challenging for current approaches. The dataset is available at https://cricvqa.github.io.
3-of-3 multisignature approach for enabling lightning network micro-payments on IoT devices

Bitcoin's success as a cryptocurrency enabled it to penetrate into many daily life transactions. Its problems regarding the transaction fees and long validation times are addressed through an innovative concept called the Lightning Network (LN) which works on top of Bitcoin by leveraging off-chain transactions. This made Bitcoin an attractive micropayment solution that can also be used within certain IoT applications (e.g., toll payments) since it eliminates the need for traditional centralized payment systems. Nevertheless, it is not possible to run LN and Bitcoin on resource-constrained IoT devices due to their storage, memory, and processing requirements. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an efficient and secure protocol that enables an IoT device to use LN's functions through a gateway LN node even if it is not trusted. The idea is to involve the IoT device only in signing operations, which is possible by replacing LN's original 2-of-2 multisignature channels with 3-of-3 multisignature channels. Once the gateway is delegated to open a channel for the IoT device in a secure manner, our protocol enforces the gateway to request the IoT device's cryptographic signature for all further operations on the channel such as sending payments or closing the channel. LN's Bitcoin transactions are revised to incorporate the 3-of-3 multisignature channels. In addition, we propose other changes to protect the IoT device's funds from getting stolen in possible revoked state broadcast attempts. We evaluated the proposed protocol using a Raspberry Pi considering a toll payment scenario. Our results show that timely payments can be sent and the computational and communication delays associated with the protocol are negligible.
Spontaneous decay of artificial atoms in a multi-qubit system

We consider a one-dimensional chain of N equidistantly spaced noninteracting qubits embedded in an open waveguide. In the frame of single-excitation subspace, we systematically study the evolution of qubits' amplitudes if the only qubit in the chain was initially excited. We show that the temporal dynamics of qubits' amplitudes crucially depend on the value of kd, where k is the wave vector, d is a distance between neighbor qubits. If kd is equal to an integer multiple of π, then the qubits are excited to a stationary level which scales as N−1. We show that in this case, it is the dark states which prevent qubits from decaying to zero even though they do not contribute to the output spectrum of photon emission. For other values of kd the excitations of qubits have the form of damping oscillations, which represent the vacuum Rabi oscillations in a multi-qubit system. In this case, the output spectrum of photon radiation is defined by a subradiant state with the smallest width.
International, National and Local Languages OCR Segmentation of Running Hand Scripts

Script Segmentation of running hand scripts is a complicated job because of different hand writing styles and complex formational quality. Segmentation of moving hand script in Indian language is a difficult assignment .The incident of a title, crossway nature in the mid section &amp; half nature makes the segmentation process is more difficult. Sometimes, the import space and noises make line shatter a hard task. Without disconnecting the nudge characters, it will be complicated to recognize the character; hence shatter is needed for the moving texts in a word. So, the technique, according to that first step will be pre-processing of a term, then we can identify the joint points, form the bounding boxes around all perpendicular &amp; parallel lines of the script , finally splint the nudge nature based on their height and width. For non-touching printed scripts and running hand scripts, it gives us 95% and 90%result respectively. This technique fails for some hand written characters because of obligation that means cause will not match always to a lot of variation in the different handwriting scripts i.e., character like occurs problem as space in the middle of parts in scripts that can be resolve by identification system because of this system considers initial part as non-bar character and cut after that, as the future exertion is a concern, in this go these different characters as input to the character identification system. In this method have resolute control of a word which will once more helpful for the identification system to perceive bottom modifiers and higher modifiers. This running hand scripts technique can be applicable to other Indic languages hand written scripts.
Development of Automatic Trash System of Pet Litter Sheet

In recent years, the number of people owning pets has been increasing. Currently, many zoonotic diseases exist, and zoonotic infections can be contracted from pets. Since one of the routes of infection has been confirmed to be through excrement, we have developed a device that automatically folds pet sheets. This system consists of seven servomotors. The system folds the pet sheets along the creases and disposes of them in the trash. First, the left and right sides of the pet sheet are folded, then the top and bottom are folded. Finally, the pet sheet is carried to the trash can for disposal. This allows pet owners to dispose of their waste without touching the pet sheets, thus preventing zoonotic diseases. We conducted an experiment on the disposal of pet sheets containing urine and feces and found that the success rate was 100%.
Denoised Non-Local Neural Network for Semantic Segmentation

The non-local network has become a widely used technique for semantic segmentation, which computes an attention map to measure the relationships of each pixel pair. However, most of the current popular non-local models tend to ignore the phenomenon that the calculated attention map appears to be very noisy, containing inter-class and intra-class inconsistencies, which lowers the accuracy and reliability of the non-local methods. In this paper, we figuratively denote these inconsistencies as attention noises and explore the solutions to denoise them. Specifically, we inventively propose a Denoised Non-Local Network (Denoised NL), which consists of two primary modules, i.e., the Global Rectifying (GR) block and the Local Retention (LR) block, to eliminate the inter-class and intra-class noises respectively. First, GR adopts the class-level predictions to capture a binary map to distinguish whether the selected two pixels belong to the same category. Second, LR captures the ignored local dependencies and further uses them to rectify the unwanted hollows in the attention map. The experimental results on two challenging semantic segmentation datasets demonstrate the superior performance of our model. Without any external training data, our proposed Denoised NL can achieve the state-of-the-art performance of 83.5\% and 46.69\% mIoU on Cityscapes and ADE20K, respectively.