Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Konsep Perancangan dan Penyusunan Proposal Penelitian

This paper describes the concept of design and preparation of research proposals. This topic was chosen as an alternative solution to overcome common problems that are often encountered by researchers in writing research proposals. This paper helps researchers and readers to prepare research proposals properly and correctly. This paper is discussed using a type of qualitative research method with a library research approach. This literature paper was written with data sources from reading books, relevant journals, and input comments from research class seminars and the author's experience during research. The results of this paper indicate that in the design and preparation of research proposals, it is necessary to pay attention to the important elements in the proposal. Important elements include the accuracy of determining the topic or research theme, writing a clear background of the problem, identifying the problem, formulating research with problem questions and then limiting the problem so that it is more focused and concerned in the research, as well as writing research objectives that are correlated with the formulation of the problem. The conclusion of this paper is that a good research proposal is prepared based on preparation and a good understanding of the elements of the research.
The Correlation of Students’ Vocabulary Mastery and Translation Ability at the Fourth Semester of English Education Program of Batanghari University

The purpose of this research is to find out the correlation of students’ vocabulary mastery and their translation ability at the fourth semester of English Education Program of Batanghari University. This research used quantitative method. The population of the data is the fourth semester students of English Education Program of Batanghari University meanwhile the technique of taking sample is cluster random sampling. The total sample of the research is 30 students and the instrument that used in this research is test for variable (X) and variable (Y). In calculating the data, SPSS 17.00 program with spearman rank technique analysis was used. The result showed that there was a significant correlation of students’ vocabulary mastery and their translation ability. Based on the indexes correlation table, the correlation coefficient in the value of 0.411 is in the range of indexes scale 0.400-0.600 which means that the correlation of vocabulary mastery (X) and translation ability (Y) is in Fair correlation, with the correlation coefficient is 0.411. In conclusion, the correlation is positive and can be categorized as fair correlation.
A Lightweight Traffic Sign Recognition Model Based on Improved YOLOv5

Abstract Traffic sign detection and recognition is a key technology for achieving automatic vehicle driving and maintaining road safety. The paper proposes a lightweight recognition algorithm based on YOLOv5 to address the problems of large model size, complex computation, low detection accuracy and high computational cost of existing traffic sign recognition algorithms. The algorithm is based on YOLOv5, replacing the convolutional structure in the original YOLOv5 neck network with Ghost Module and C3Ghost Module, thus reducing the redundant features in the feature fusion process, lowering the computational cost and the number of parameters; improving the PAN structure of the network and introducing the hybrid attention mechanism module CBAM, which ignores the unimportant information and capturing key information in traffic signs; adding cross-layer connections to the feature pyramid network shortens the path of information transfer, fuses more features, and improves the network feature recognition accuracy. In addition, the EIoU_Loss function is used as the bounding box regression loss function to improve the localization accuracy of the algorithm. The performance of the improved algorithm is also verified on the Chinese traffic sign dataset. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm improves the detection accuracy by 1.2% over the existing YOLOv5 algorithm, mAP@0.5 and mAP@0.5:0.95 by 1.5% and 3.4% respectively, and the overall number of parameters and computational cost of the model are reduced by 14.5% and 16%. The proposed algorithm has enhanced recognition capability for targets in multiple environments and can meet the requirements for real-time traffic sign recognition.
Learning Models: A Literature Review

In education, learning models are a topic that should be investigated because it is both relevant and intriguing. This research aims to conduct a literature review on learning models that have been created and implemented in various educational settings. A literature review is a process that is used, comprised of collecting related articles from the available database. According to the findings of this research project, numerous learning models have been established over time. Some examples of these models include social interaction models, information processing models, personal models, behavior modification models, problem-based models, and component display theory models. The findings of this research point to the conclusion that these learning models are adaptable and may be utilized in various educational settings. This adaptability is contingent on the learning goals as well as the characteristics of the learners. The contribution of this research is to offer guidance to educators and researchers about selecting the appropriate learning model which should be implemented in various learning environments.
Knowledge Graph: A Survey

This survey discusses the concept of knowledge graphs, including their construction, extraction, and applications. Various tools such as Zotero, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EndNote, and VosViewer are used to analyze and visualize collected data. A Boolean query mechanism ensures the gathered material is relevant to the study. The discussion includes studies on relation extraction using graph neural networks, the application of knowledge graphs in biomedical research, and the use of knowledge graph embedding in healthcare. These studies highlight the growing importance of knowledge graphs in managing and representing complex information. Notable studies discussed include the role of knowledge graphs in connecting related medical information, the application of knowledge graph technology in healthcare, and the potential benefits and limitations of using knowledge graph embedding in biomedical data analysis. This survey paper provides valuable insights into the growing importance of knowledge graphs in managing and representing complex information and how they can help provide new insights into various fields. It suggests potential future directions for research in this area, highlighting the importance of continued exploration and innovation to realize the potential of knowledge graphs fully.
Language Learning Strategy: Comparison of Online and Face-to-Face ESL Classrooms

Awareness of students' LLS is highly useful for teachers to make informed decisions in their teaching practice.Although numerous researchers on LLS have been done, there has been no research comparing Malaysian students' LLS in online lessons and face-to-face lessons.It is of great importance to explore this because the practice of incorporating blended learning that combines both online and face-to-face lessons has been on the rise.As such, this study explored Malaysian students' language learning strategies during both online and face-to-face lessons.Mixed-method research approach was employed in which the first is a 5-point Likert scale survey questionnaire that was adapted from Oxford's (1990) SILL questionnaire.60 upper form ESL students were selected through convenience sampling to respond to the questionnaire.Aside from that, semi-structured interviews were carried out on 6 respondents from the questionnaire survey in order to obtain comprehensive responses from the participants.The research instrument aims to answer two research questions; 1) What are the language learning strategies used by Malaysian ESL learners in online classrooms? 2) What are the language learning strategies used by Malaysian ESL learners in face-to-face classrooms?The data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27 and the findings were analysed descriptively by interpretation of mean scores and standard deviation.The findings suggest that students mostly use metacognitive and cognitive skills in both online and face-to-face classrooms.However, students use more direct learning strategies including memory and compensation strategies in online classrooms.Whereas, in face-to-face classroom, students generally lean more towards indirect learning strategies such as affective and social strategies.These findings implied that both online and face-to-face classrooms allow students to employ different learning strategies which can be beneficial for their language development.Hence, learning and teaching instructions that include both traditional and technologically enhanced ESL lessons would positively impact students.Future research of wider scale that includes diverse populations particularly from the quantitative view point would greatly help in adding onto the findings of this research.
The Impact of Compensation towards Employees' Performance: Employees’ Motivation as the Mediating Role

This research identifies the impact of compensation on employees' job performance. The study used a causal-comparative research design to explore the relationship between compensation and employee performance in commercial banks. The sample size was calculated using a formula that determined the appropriate sample size for the population of 385 employees. The survey questionnaire was administered to 192 employees out of 20 branches of 15 commercial banks, and respondents' demographic information was collected. The study found that both financial and non-financial compensation significantly affect employees' job performance. Additionally, employee motivation was found to have a mediating role between compensation and job performance. The findings of this research have implications for organizations to design compensation and benefits schemes that can help to increase employee motivation and job performance.
The Proof of P=NP

&lt;p&gt;We show that the 3-satisfiability problem can be solved in polynomial time, thereby proving that P=NP.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The result of this paper is derived based on my matrix multiplication paper titled "An $O(n^2\log^3 n\log \log n)$ Time Matrix Multiplication Algorithm'' which has appeared in arXiv.org as paper arXiv:1612.04208. &lt;/p&gt;
Perceived Effect of Academic Stress to the Performance of Students during Online Class

Not only do students experience mental issues during the pandemic but as well as perceived academic stress through online learning at MAPUA University.Considering the norm of conducting classes in an online setup without faceto-face with classmates and professors, the faculty and counselors of MAPUA University are not fully updated about the student's whereabouts and mental health, which prohibits them from being aware of the student's current condition during the pandemic.Students from various departments were taken as samples to answer a survey via Google Forms containing the respondent's personal information such as their age, gender, type of course, current enrollment status, and recent academic performance (LWA).Then, respondents will choose among subfactors (i.e.examination times are very stressful to me) with the Likert scale from 1 to 5. Various statistical tools, such as Regression Analysis, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Analysis, were utilized to determine if factors and subfactors are statistically significant towards PAS.Results showed that all subfactors are significant and contribute to PAS, while for the regression, the difficulty of exams has the highest effect on LWA.Enrolment status and year level of the student also has a significant effect on PAS.Lastly, Academic Self-perception vs. Academic Performance, Pressure to Perform vs. Perception of Workload, Pressure to Perform vs.Time Restraints, Perception of Workload vs.Time Restraints are found to have a moderate correlation.
Pengaruh Model Guided Discovery Learning Berbantuan Google Calssroom Terhadap Kemandirian Belajar Ekonomi Siswa Kelas XI IPS SMA Al-Islam 1 Surakarta

This study aims to determine the effect of the guided discovery learning model assisted by google classroom on student self reliance in economics learning at SMA Al-Islam 1 Surakarta academic year 2022. The research method is a quantitative quasi-experiment. The research subjects were 69 students of class XI IPS 1 and class XI IPS 2 SMA Al-Islam 1 Surakarta. The research sample was collected through a purposive sampling technique covering the criteria for the number of students in the same class, the conditions and abilities of the students were the same, and the class teachers were the same. Data collection using questionnaires, observation and documentation. The research data were analyzed using the independent sample t test with the result that the application of the guided discovery learning model assisted by google classroom had a positive and significant effect on student self reliance on economic learning.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Siswa Tunanetra Pada Pelajaran Ekonomi Di SMA Kertajaya Surabaya

This study aims to find out the learning difficulties of blind students in Economics lessons. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive type, while data collection uses interviews with four blind students at SMA Kertajaya Surabaya with direct interviews. Data collection techniques using purposive and snowball sampling. The results of the study show that especially for blind students, the Economics Teacher provides additional learning media in the form of files or video links from YouTube which can help them to understand Economics material auditory. Then to work on economics assignments, blind students use cell phone media. The Economics teacher provides media to collect special assignments for blind students via the WhatsApp application. Giving assignments or exam questions will be read out by the teacher then the blind students work on documents (not written on paper).
Main problems of the development of scientific schools in modern education

In recent years, the importance of scientific and pedagogical knowledge for solving the problems of education has greatly increased. The scientific community is interested in the development of the intellectual and creative potential of society. This article examines the problems of development of scientific and creative schools, analyzes the humanitarian scientific schools of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba and their contribution to the development of the variation of multinational languages in the context of migration, digitalization, language contacts, multiculturalism, ethnolinguistics, sociolinguistics. Using the example of a scientific school based on the Department of Foreign Languages of the Faculty of Philology, the presence of a multilevel scientific school (four generations of scientific researchers) proves that, led by scientific leaders, such a team achieves high performance and serious achievements as a result of its work. Scientific schools are one of the important criteria for improving the quality of vocational education. The role of traditions is to transfer accumulated knowledge to future generations and preserve it within a particular scientific community, field and discipline. The results of the study can be applied in the activities of scientific communities, schools, as well as for monitoring the quality, efficiency and innovation in the field of education and training.
The body’s information system. Biology, artificial intelligence and philosophy

An approach to the construction of artificial intelligence based on phenomenology, which defines its task as an unconditional description of the experience of knowing consciousness and the identification of essential features in it, as well as on the basis of the model of the information system of the body, the theory of functional systems P.K. Anokhin, a new theory of semantic information. The mechanism by which the architecture of consciousness ontologically transforms the current sensory data into the objective world is revealed. The meaning of the life of the organism is revealed. An analytical definition of meaning in intentional acts is substantiated and presented. The knowledge of the features of the activity of the human body made it possible to present in the work a biological interpretation of the main philosophical categories (being, essence, being), the terms of M. Heidegger. Based on the proposed approach, having information about the norms of activity and the objective state of the functional systems of the body, the doctor can assess the reserves of the body, identify the cause-and-effect relationships of the disease based on the rules of interaction of the nerve centers of the brain, and use the database of preventive recommendations. The description of the information processes on which our cognitive processes are based makes it possible to constructively use the body model for personalized disclosure of the possibilities of the world, improving the quality of everyday life and health protection through informing the subject about the individual patterns of his body’s vital activity and the fundamental rationale for an individual plan of preventive measures developed for him, including lifestyle modification.
“Opening up” the university: Towards a synthesis of an “entrepreneurial university” and a “cultural university”

After the demise of the classical university, it was almost universally replaced by B. Ridings’ inherently “closed” “university of excellence”. The question is what should replace it? Our task is to try to conceptualise the nature of University 3.0 as a real alternative to the “closed” “university of excellence”. The leading hypothesis is that the University 3.0 cannot be understood solely as B. Clark’s “entrepreneurial university”, which creates an environment for scientific innovation, but forgets the ideas of “autonomous thinking” because of its non-utilitarianism and “culture” as the basis for nurturing individuals who must be raised to the level of their time (Ortega y Gasset). It is culture at the university that should become the space where science and technology, research and business meet, and the university itself as a means of transforming culture (A. Auzan). In this paper, we have tried to create a conceptual space to answer the question — how to achieve this.
Modern university education: Eclectic chaos and conflict of values

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the features of the liberal model of university education in the process of its formation, starting from the liberal education of ancient Greece and ending with the British model of Oxbridge. The close relationship between the liberal model of education and the social elite lifestyle is shown. Definitions of the concepts “an intellectual” and “intellectual culture” are given. It is shown what characteristics of the liberal model make it an institution of culture and science and a factor of cultural and scientific leadership. It is substantiated that the bridging of the gap between classical university education and vocational education in the middle of the 20th century led to an eclectic mix of university and professional education paradigms.
Awareness of Generation Z Students about The Plaf (Plastic Flamingo) and Other Campaigns Concerning Plastics in Online Shopping

Environmental awareness is crucial in addressing the issues of plastic waste and pollution, which have a significant impact on our environment and our health. The study aimed to analyze the awareness of Bulacan State University College of Science Generation Z students regarding PLAF (Plastic Flamingo) and other campaigns related to plastics in online shopping. The researchers used a descriptive research design to achieve this goal and collected data from 350 samples of Generation Z students through a standardized questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. The findings revealed that Shopee is the most commonly used online shopping application by students, and they tend to purchase items online when needed. Bubble wrap emerged as the most frequently used parcel packaging material. The results also indicated that the students are highly aware of the different impacts of parcel packaging, as evidenced by the mean score of 4.02. However, their awareness of environmental campaigns related to plastic was only average, with a mean score of 2.93. In particular, the understanding of PLAF (Plastic Flamingo) was low, with a cumulative mean score of 2.13. The findings suggest the need to improve Generation Z students' awareness of environmental campaigns and promote ecological practices and involvement in addressing plastic waste and pollution issues. Educating and engaging students through various campaigns and initiatives can help raise their awareness of the environmental impacts of plastic waste and encourage them to adopt sustainable practices in their daily lives.
Multi Hazard Analysis of Ponorogo Regency Disaster Based on Geographic Information System

Ponorogo regency has dangers to several types of disasters such as floods, landslides, tornadoes, land fires, and droughts. Based on data from BNPD from the period 2000 - 2020, Ponorogo Regency has experienced 123 landslides, and 39 flood disasters. The approach used in this study is multi-hazard disaster. The purpose of the study is 1.) Analyze the spread of flood hazard levels in Ponorogo Regency. 2.) Analyze the spread of the danger level of landslide disasters in Ponorogo Regency.3.) Analyze the distribution of disaster hazard levels in Ponorogo Regency using a multi hazard index. The research methods conducted in this study are stacking and improvement, while for multi-hazard modeling of disasters using VCA tables. Data processing in this study is divided into 3 stages, namely parameter data processing, disaster hazard data modeling, and multi-hazard disaster modeling. The accuracy test is conducted on the usage data, and the sampling method is a random sampling method. Validation tests were conducted on data from modeling the hazards of floods and landslides. The results of this study are a disaster parameter data map, a flood hazard map, a landslide hazard map, and a multi-hazard disaster map. Based on the results of modeling, multi-hazard disaster has an area that is low hazard class has the widest area of 90,773.55 Ha (65%), The moderate hazard class has an area of 45,438.55 Ha (33%). The high hazard class has an area of 2,957.56 Ha (12%). The multi-hazard class is determined by the result of a combination of landslide and flood hazard classes, for example the combination of low and high hazard classes will produce a moderate hazard class. Therefore, the distribution of areas from the multi-hazard class of disasters is greatly influenced by the distribution of areas of both types of disasters.