Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis

With the explosion of new web technology, user generated content is all over the web and is accessible almost everywhere in the world. Such accessibility has paved way for an easier suggestion-seeking paradigm. In this fast-paced world, we humans find no time to stand and stare, which well suits this scenario, where we don’t want to read through each and every review of a product or a service. Sentiment analysis is, thus an inevitable process, which helps every manufacturer and brand-owner to analyze the pros and cons of their own items and the competing products. Furthermore, be it any service or product, the experience shared about it is multi-dimensional with loads of emotions splashed into it. This chapter can help researchers explore further into the world of sentiment analysis.
This is test MS 15 FEb (Preprint)

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Believability in virtual reality: a proposal to study brand communication in metaverses

The article presents a theoretical and empirical exercise to the possibilities of brand communication in virtual reality (VR), proposing an analysis/creation tool for emerging metaverse platforms, applied to the field of brand communication (immersive and 360-degree images, multisensoriality, first person perspective). Methodologically, this study uses an empirical approach, qualitatively evaluating an advertising piece in VR and highlighting the dimensions of believability that, in some way, affect brand communication. Results show three relevant dimensions: realism, interactivity, and engagement with the plot.
A lightweight exposure bracketing strategy for HDR imaging without access to camera raw

A lightweight learning-based exposure bracketing strategy is proposed in this paper for high dynamic range (HDR) imaging without access to camera RAW. Some low-cost, power-efficient cameras, such as webcams, video surveillance cameras, sport cameras, mid-tier cellphone cameras, and navigation cameras on robots, can only provide access to 8-bit low dynamic range (LDR) images. Exposure fusion is a classical approach to capture HDR scenes by fusing images taken with different exposures into a 8-bit tone-mapped HDR image. A key question is what the optimal set of exposure settings are to cover the scene dynamic range and achieve a desirable tone. The proposed lightweight neural network predicts these exposure settings for a 3-shot exposure bracketing, given the input irradiance information from 1) the histograms of an auto-exposure LDR preview image, and 2) the maximum and minimum levels of the scene irradiance. Without the processing of the preview image streams, and the circuitous route of first estimating the scene HDR irradiance and then tone-mapping to 8-bit images, the proposed method gives a more practical HDR enhancement for real-time and on-device applications. Experiments on a number of challenging images reveal the advantages of our method in comparison with other state-of-the-art methods qualitatively and quantitatively.
METRICS FOR THE PROTECTION OF TEMPLATE METHODS IN OBJECT-ORIENTED ARCHITECTURES

ABSTRACT: Currently there are a large number of metrics to measure the quality of software architectural design, however, there are still missing metrics that are not defined in the literature, such as metrics to measure the protection of methods associated with the "Template Method" design pattern. In this work, a research applied to technological development was carried out based on the theory of measurement as a means of validation and combination of empirical conditions with formal conditions. The main result of the research was a set of four metrics that allow to evaluate the internal quality of software architectures in order to facilitate their maintenance and useful life time, as well as their reuse. Three of them measure the degree of modular protection in template methods (PMMP), variant functions (PMFV) and invariant functions (PMFI). The fourth one measures the degree of total protection that the Template Method design pattern has in a software architecture (PTTM). Finally, the metrics were implemented in a system to automate the calculation applied to three test cases where the validation was given by comparing the expected results with the obtained values. Keywords: Template Method, functional protection, variant functions, invariant functions, indirect coupling.
Re-exploring the Factor Structure of the Korean Self-Compassion Scale-Youth(K-SCS-Y): Using Factor Analysis with Rotation to a Partially Specified Target

Objectives This study re-examined the factor structure of the K-SCS-Y(Park &amp; Ahn, 2022), which validated the Self-Compassion Scale-Youth(SCS-Y)(Neff et al., 2020) for Korean adolescents.&#x0D; Methods To this end, a questionnaire targeting 248 middle school students in the Busan area was analyzed through traditional exploratory factor analysis and factor analysis with rotation to a partially specified target to search for the optimal factor model. Factor Analysis with Rotation to a Partially Specified Target was based on the factor structure of the Self-Compassion Scale: SCS-Y(Neff et al., 2020); items that were index variables for each factor were estimated as free parameters, and other items were restricted to numbers close to 0.&#x0D; Results First, as a result of the traditional exploratory factor analysis, both the 5-factor and 6-factor models of K-SCS-Y were found to be inappropriate. Second, as a result of factor analysis with rotation to a partially specified target based on the factor structure of SCS-Y(Neff et al., 2020), the indicator variable items for each factor were almost identical to those of SCS-Y.&#x0D; Conclusions As the factor structure of K-SCS-Y, the same 6-factor structure as Neff's(2003) concept of self-compassion was confirmed. This result is expected to lead to the activation of self-compassion research targeting adolescents.
Comparative analysis of major satisfaction, career maturity, and self-efficacy according to participation in the industry-academia partnership apprenticeship school training program

Objectives This study aimed to analyze educational effects of students who are participating in the industry- academia partnership apprenticeship school program.&#x0D; Methods For analysis, data from the Korea Education and Employment Panel constructed by the Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training was used. We analyzed the differences in major satisfaction, career maturity, and self-efficacy among groups that participated and not participated in the industry-academia partnership apprenticeship school program among third-year high school students In addition, data for the second year of high school were used as covariates.&#x0D; Results First, no significant difference in major satisfaction were found between the participating and non-participating groups in the industry-academia partnership apprenticeship school program. Second, significant differences in career maturity and self-efficacy were found in the participating group. In particular, the results also confirmed thatthere was significant differences in all items of self-efficacy.&#x0D; Conclusions The results showed the effectiveness of participation in industry-academia partnership apprenticeship school program. This study contributed in providing implications for devising strategies for student-centered system improvement and curriculum development in the future.
Adult Continuing Education Learners Consideration of non-face-to-face online lecture cases: Focusing on video recording and synchronous video conferencing lecture

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the lecture preparation, lecture characteristics, and lecture satisfaction of adult continuing education learners in childcare sites in the process of converting in person to online lectures.&#x0D; Methods To this end, this author examined the syllabus, LMS and SNS materials, PPT, and learners' self-report data. ‘The guidance of child life’ as a synchronous video conferencing lecture and ‘Advanced Child Counseling’ as a video recording lecture conducted in the second semester of 2021 with Merriam qualitative analysis. The participant was a total of 65 adult continuing education learners of the Department of Industrial Education, composed of faculty and staff of daycare centers at C University in Seoul, and conducted a satisfaction survey using questionnaires.&#x0D; Results First, video-recorded lectures take less time than face-to-face lectures, requiring instructors to mount various materials before class, while synchronous video conferencing lecture, require both instructors and adult continuing education learners to have prepared online skills before class. Second, video-recorded lectures have the advantage of being able to use time and space freely, but in order to compensate for the lack of online class time, weekday assignments are a burden for adult continuing education learners, while synchronous video conferencing lecture has the advantage of freely using space and giving social presence, but various motivational factors and technical devices that can increase immersion due to low class concentration should be supplemented. Third, in the class satisfaction survey, it was found that adult continuing education learners expressed higher satisfaction with video-recorded lectures than with synchronous video conferencing lecture.&#x0D; Conclusions Through this study, it was found that for non-face-to-face online classes of adult continuing education learners, it is necessary to build infrastructure for uploading various materials and strengthen online technology, and online teaching methods should be implemented for high-quality interaction between ‘instructor-learners’ in non-face-to-face situations. In addition, as an adult continuing education learner who works in a children's daycare center during the day, it was an effective medium to use video-recorded lecture, including various motivational elements. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the more efficient operation of non-face-to-face online lectures for adult continuing education learners at universities.
Mind Wandering of Elementary School Pre-service Teachers according to the Video Type during Earth Science Video Lecture

Objectives This study examines the attention of elementary school pre-service teachers according to the two types of lectures, Picture-In-Picture (PIP) and Lecture Capture (LC), while watching science video lecture s using a eye-tracking device. Mind Wandering (MW) was collected and analyzed for this purpose.&#x0D; Methods The participants were 18 pre-service teachers (12 women, 6 men), and the task was a video lecture for a university earth science education lecture, and the theme was a lecture on how to guide the rotation of the earth, orbit, and phase change of the moon to elementary school students. Data were collected with the Tobii Pro Spectrum eye- tracking device, and when sections with a fixed duration of 400 ms or more lasted for more than 2 seconds were determined as the MW section. The MW was analyzed according to two image types. Attention and MW inducing factors were identified through interviews and screen analysis.&#x0D; Results As a result, it was found that the LC type had a shorter MW Duration due to a significant difference than the PIP type. This suggests that the LC type is more effective in maintaining the learner's attention than the PIP type. The gaze plot during MW shows a phenomenon in which gaze movement is fixed to one place, and in the LC type, gaze fixing to the instructor was remarkable. During video lectures, factors such as repeated explanations, static screens, difficulty of learning tasks, and task familiarity were identified as factors that could cause MW. In addition, pre-service teachers preferred the LC type to the PIP type.&#x0D; Conclusions Developing video lectures in LC type will help maintain attention, and the design of video lectures should avoid repeated explanations, static screens, high-level cognitive load presentations, and learning tasks that can cause students to get tired of, and should be developed to continuously provide visual or auditory stimuli.
Exploring the Digital Capacity Change and Growth Process of J Kindergarten Teachers in Pilot Operation of Future Curriculum

Objectives This study attempted to explore the process of digital competency change and growth of J kindergarten teachers in operation of a pilot kindergarten for the future curriculum selected by the Ministry of Education.&#x0D; Methods For the study, in-depth interviews were conducted twice for nine J kindergarten teachers in Incheon Metropolitan City who are participating in the operation of the future curriculum. Data analysis was conducted by summarizing and coding, adjusting subcategories and categories, nomadicization and hierarchization, and deriving upper categories according to research problems, followed by expert review and insider verification.&#x0D; Results First, in the early days of the operation of the future curriculum, teachers recognized that digital media use education was a necessary curriculum to prepare for the future society according to the trends and demands of the times. Second, teachers experienced trial and error through the operation of the future curriculum to support infant play and learning, and children used digital media to approach, think, and expand the depth and breadth of learning. Third, teachers overcame the digital competency gap through communication and solidarity with fellow teachers. Low-experienced teachers familiar with digital media communicated in terms of technology use, and high-experienced teachers collaborated in a horizontal structure in terms of play application and support, and experienced changes and growth in digital capabilities in this process.&#x0D; Conclusions J kindergarten teachers improved their digital capabilities through the operation of the future curriculum and tried to continue to challenge them as competent future teachers with digital capabilities.
Moderated mediating effect of social support on the relationship between self-direction, problem-solving ability, and convergence thinking of college freshmen

Objectives This study verified the mediating effect of problem-solving ability in the relationship between self-direction and convergent thinking and the moderated mediating effect of social support that modulated the relationship between self-direction and problem-solving ability in college freshmen.&#x0D; Methods This study collected data from 1,988 freshmen at a 4-year A university located in the metropolitan area from June 1 to 7, 2022 using the self-direction scale, problem-solving ability scale, convergent thinking scale, and social support scale, Reliability analysis, frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, and moderated mediating effect analysis were conducted. The adjusted mediating effect analysis was analyzed using the Process Macro model 7.&#x0D; Results First, as a result of confirming the interrelationships of the major variables assumed, the correlations among all variables such as self-direction, problem-solving ability, convergence thinking, and social support were statically significant. Second, as a result of verifying the mediating effect of problem-solving ability in the relationship between self-direction and convergence thinking, it was found that problem-solving ability partially mediates the relationship between self-direction and convergence thinking. Third, as a result of verifying the moderating effect of social support on the relationship between self-direction and problem-solving ability, it was found that social support significantly modulated the relationship between self-direction and problem-solving ability. Fourth, as a result of the verification of the moderated mediating effect, it was found that problem-solving ability mediated the relationship between self-direction and convergent thinking, and the moderated mediating effect that social support moderated the relationship between self-directedness and problem-solving ability was significant.&#x0D; Conclusions Through the analysis results, the importance of the freshman entry program and school life application program in higher education institutions was derived, and the necessity of preparing practical measures for this was suggested.
A Study on the Development of University Curriculum Operation Model Based on Backward Design in the Untacted Era: Focusing on University A

Objectives This study aims to develop a model to facilitate the operation of the university liberal arts curriculum in the pandemic-accelerated era to reduce confusion in the field and ultimately enable the use of selective face-to-face and non-face-to-face small classes.&#x0D; Methods To this end, the competencies to be cultivated in the liberal arts curriculum of University A were examined, and the integrated relationship with the backward curriculum design theory was examined. Based on this, a liberal arts curriculum operation model based on the initial backward design was derived. The final model was derived through correction and supplementation through two reviews of related experts and usability evaluation.&#x0D; Results As a result, the operation model of the liberal arts curriculum based on the backward design in ‘the untact era’ was derived by dividing it into a conceptual model and a detailed model. The conceptual model explains the purpose and goal of liberal arts education and the stage of designing the backward curriculum separately. The detailed model implies information necessary for the operation of the backward design-based liberal arts curriculum and proposes the use of face-to-face and non-face-to-face small classes and hybrid classes that compromise the two methods and e-learning. According to the curriculum operation procedure, these courses are conducted in the curriculum design, operation, evaluation, and reflux system. The reflux is reflected through the curriculum improvement system of University A.&#x0D; Conclusions This study is meaningful because it enables various teaching methods by reducing confusion in the university field and expanding the scope of selective teaching methods through developing a liberal arts curriculum operation model.
A case study of a class of applying Tandem in Liberal education

Objectives In this research, we developed a collaboration course between foreign students and Korean students in the liberal arts courses for foreigners, and this is a case report that we conducted this for one semester.&#x0D; Methods This study introduces tandem class as a case of a class for improving intercultural communicative competence. Tandem class is a class that applies tandem language learning in which a group of two people of different mother tongues gets together to learn each other’s language. In tandem class, foeign student and Korean student have one on one, face-to-face session to directly experience the target language and culture therefore it is the most proper teaching/learning method to improve intercultural communication competence. This study examines the trend of intercultural communication competence of 6 foreign students and 6 Korean students who took tandem classes 1 semester: how tandem classes were managed: and much the student improved and were satisfied.&#x0D; Results In this research As a result of satisfaction, over 90% of students are satisfied of this tandem program. Therefore, tandem curriculum is developed and operated by the nationality or language area.&#x0D; Conclusions It will increase the satisfaction of college life of foreign students and reduce the halfway dropouts, as well as provide a global mindset for Korean students.
Aspects of song making in 5-year-old children's free play

Objectives This study observed the musical expression and musical play of 5-year-old children in free play, and examined the genre of songs and the aspects of song-making in the process.&#x0D; Methods The researcher was participatory observation 16 5-year-old children from A daycare center located in D city for about 6 months from March to August 2021. Data were collected through video recording and recording of the process of making songs spontaneously appearing in children's free play, and data such as teacher's observation diary and researcher's diary were additionally collected and analyzed.&#x0D; Results First, song-making in the free play of 5-year-olds started with various genres of music, and appeared as trot singing, changing the words of a song while singing a cartoon theme, and making a new song with a nursery rhyme. Second, the aspects of children's voluntary song-making were expressed by expressing rhythm, playing scales with melodic instruments, and changing the words of the song, and they made Bora class battle cry, our class songs, and welcome songs.&#x0D; Conclusions This suggests that educational support for the provision and utilization of various music genres is necessary for young children's creative music-making experience, and music utilizing musical elements such as rhythm, melody, tone, and form to develop musical expression and cognitive ability. It suggests that there is a need to actively provide activities. In addition, it suggests that teachers should be sensitive to children's active musical expressions and reactions, focus on children's creativity in musical activities, and pay attention to new music created by children.
A Study on Change Trends of Educational Contents of Low Birth Rate and Population Aging in the School Textbooks in Korea: Focusing on Middle School textbooks of social studies

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the change trends in the educational contents of low birth rate and population aging in Middle School textbooks of social studies with the revision of subject curriculum.&#x0D; Methods First, quantitative changes of educational contents such as the number of units, activities, and pages dealing with the contents of low birth rate and population aging were analyzed, and second, qualitative changes of educational contents regarding low birth rate and population aging were analyzed.&#x0D; Results First, as the curriculum was revised repeatedly, the number of units, activities, and pages dealing with the educational contents of low birth rate and population aging increased significantly. Second, the educational content of low birth rate and population aging has changed from the presentation of fragmentary backgrounds, causes, or abstract countermeasures to the presentation of systematic explanations including various causes and economic, social and cultural measures.&#x0D; Conclusions it is still problematic whether educational contents of low birth rate and population aging account for an appropriate portion of the entire textbook, and it needs to be studied further whether all the relevant causes and solutions are sufficiently dealt with in the school textbooks.
Advances in Fuzzy Logic Systems

Fuzzy logic systems have been a hot topic in the scientific and academic community for more than half a century. The idea of making machines behave and make decisions like humans do is astounding. The development and implementation of fuzzy logic systems can be seen in various real physical applications in daily human life. The methods employed using fuzzy logic have resulted in innovative technologies. This book provides insights into understanding the principles and concepts behind the advances of fuzzy logic systems. It presents ideas concerning fuzzy logic systems and their technological applications. The book is arranged into two sections on theories and foundations of fuzzy logic systems and implementations of fuzzy logic systems in service to the community.