Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A Practical Contrastive Learning Framework for Single-Image Super-Resolution

Contrastive learning has achieved remarkable success on various high-level tasks, but there are fewer contrastive learning-based methods proposed for low-level tasks. It is challenging to adopt vanilla contrastive learning technologies proposed for high-level visual tasks to low-level image restoration problems straightly. Because the acquired high-level global visual representations are insufficient for low-level tasks requiring rich texture and context information. In this paper, we investigate the contrastive learning-based single image super-resolution from two perspectives: positive and negative sample construction and feature embedding. The existing methods take naive sample construction approaches (e.g., considering the low-quality input as a negative sample and the ground truth as a positive sample) and adopt a prior model (e.g., pre-trained VGG model) to obtain the feature embedding. To this end, we propose a practical contrastive learning framework for SISR, named PCL-SR. We involve the generation of many informative positive and hard negative samples in frequency space. Instead of utilizing an additional pre-trained network, we design a simple but effective embedding network inherited from the discriminator network which is more task-friendly. Compared with existing benchmark methods, we re-train them by our proposed PCL-SR framework and achieve superior performance. Extensive experiments have been conducted to show the effectiveness and technical contributions of our proposed PCL-SR thorough ablation studies. The code and pre-trained models can be found at https://github.com/Aitical/PCL-SISR.
Recent advances in blockchain technology: a survey on applications and challenges

The rise of blockchain technology within a few years has attracted researchers across the world. The primary reason for worldwide attention is undoubtedly due to its feature of immutability along w...
Critical Thinking of Students: Essence, Structure, Conditions of Development

The article analyzes and defines the essence of the concept of «critical thinking», presents the structure of critical thinking. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of the concept of «critical thinking», to determine its structure and to characterize the conditions of its effective development on the basis of the conducted analysis of the scientific literature. The following methods were used in the study: analysis and interpretation of domestic and foreign philosophical, normative, psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature; analysis and generalization of advanced domestic, foreign and personal pedagogical experience on the research problem. The results. On the basis of the considered position of the theory of critical thinking development according to S. Terno and regularities on which this technique is based, the procedures which belong to the operating block of critical thinking are defined. The essence of the concept of «students’ critical thinking» is interpreted as a system of judgments that is used to analyze things and events with the formulation of sound conclusions and allows students to make sound judgments and interpretations, as well as correctly apply conclusions to situations and problems. The peculiarities of the development of students’ critical thinking include the following: the consistent pattern of dynamics, according to which the number of all subsequent changes depends on the number of changes at the previous stage; the regularity of personality development in the educational process; the regularity of educational process management; the stimulation regularity; the regularity of unity of sensory, logical and practice in the educational process; the regularity of unity of external (pedagogical) and internal (cognitive) activities; the regularity of the educational process conditionality. It is proved that the structure of students' critical thinking consists of three components: motivational, activity, reflexive-evaluative. The author developed a model for the development of students’ critical thinking, the tasks of which are: mastering by students the knowledge of logical, problem, creative thinking; teaching students the basic logical concepts (reflection – denial – criticism – criticism – self-criticism – argumentation – proof – refutation – evaluation – self-evaluation – evaluative judgment); forming the students’ ability to build critical reasoning; teaching students to identify logical errors of critical assessment of the phenomenon, behavior. Conclusions. The results of the study showed that an effective means of managing the process of forming students' critical thinking is the use of techniques and methods for solving problems, and that different forms and methods of teaching are used depending on the content of teaching, teaching aids, the students’ individual characteristics of the study level, and the level of teachers’ readiness to the development of critical thinking of students.
Ranking Distance Calibration for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning

Recent progress in few-shot learning promotes a more realistic cross-domain setting, where the source and target datasets are from different domains. Due to the domain gap and disjoint label spaces between source and target datasets, their shared knowledge is extremely limited. This encourages us to explore more information in the target domain rather than to overly elaborate training strategies on the source domain as in many existing methods. Hence, we start from a generic representation pre-trained by a cross-entropy loss and a conventional distance-based classifier, along with an image retrieval view, to employ a re-ranking process for calibrating a target distance matrix by discovering the reciprocal k-nearest neighbours within the task. Assuming the pre-trained representation is biased towards the source, we construct a non-linear subspace to minimise task-irrelevant features therewithin while keep more transferrable discriminative information by a hyperbolic tangent transformation. The calibrated distance in this target-aware non-linear subspace is complementary to that in the pre-trained representation. To impose such distance calibration information onto the pre-trained representation, a Kullback-Leibler divergence loss is employed to gradually guide the model towards the calibrated distance-based distribution. Extensive evaluations on eight target domains show that this target ranking calibration process can improve conventional distance-based classifiers in few-shot learning.
CycleTransGAN-EVC: A CycleGAN-based Emotional Voice Conversion Model with Transformer

In this study, we explore the transformer's ability to capture intra-relations among frames by augmenting the receptive field of models. Concretely, we propose a CycleGAN-based model with the transformer and investigate its ability in the emotional voice conversion task. In the training procedure, we adopt curriculum learning to gradually increase the frame length so that the model can see from the short segment till the entire speech. The proposed method was evaluated on the Japanese emotional speech dataset and compared to several baselines (ACVAE, CycleGAN) with objective and subjective evaluations. The results show that our proposed model is able to convert emotion with higher strength and quality.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP SISWA TENTANG PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) DENGAN UPAYA PENCEGAHAN DIARE DI SD NEGERI 030349 PARBUAHAN

Digesting food causes diarrhea. This study aims at analyzing the relationship between students' knowledge and attitudes about clean and healthy living behavior and efforts to prevent diarrhea at SD Negeri 030349, a school in Parabah, West Java. This type of research is descriptive correlational. The population in this study is students of SD Negeri 030349 Parindah, Dairi Regency, grades 4 to 6, and the sampling technique used a sample of 70 people. The chi-square test was used with a significance level of <5%. Based on the results of the study, it was found that most of the students had less knowledge up to 31 people (44.3%), had a negative attitude towards 59 people (84.3%) and did not make efforts to prevent diarrhea up to 61 people. people (87.1%). The relationship between knowledge and efforts to prevent diarrhea was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.001. The relationship between attitudes and efforts to prevent diarrhea was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.001. Knowledge and attitudes play an important role in student behavior in terms of preventing diarrhea. Schools are expected to improve students' health status by (1) carrying out UKS activities, (2) using the facilities that are already available properly, and (3) multiplying posters about proper hand washing. Students are expected to increase their willingness, awareness, and ability to live healthy so that PHBS can be improved.
EVALUATION MODEL FOR LOW VISION USERS IN MOBILE APPLICATION

This paper aims to discuss the usability evaluation model for mobile applications used by low vision users. Low vision users have difficulties using mobile applications due to limited view, bright sunshine, small text, and other reasons. This type of user uses mobile applications designed for users with normal vision, and they have many difficulties in reading, accessing, and understanding. Therefore, this paper provides a mobile application usability evaluation model for this type of user, and the proposed model includes usability measures that fulfill their usability requirements. This study employed a systematic review of previous research on good practices and requirements for low vision users to use mobile applications. Also, the new model was evaluated by the domain experts through a focus group session. This model aims to support the development of a mobile application that low vision users can use, which has not been supported in previous studies since it guides mobile application developers to develop mobile applications that fulfill low vision users' usability requirements. It also helps to identify usability problems in the current mobile applications for this type of user. This study will benefit low vision people in using mobile applications effectively, easily, and comfortably.
Integration in the Inspector

Pharo offers many powerful and extensible software development tools. One of them is the Inspector, designed to inspect any Pharo object. The Inspector is a central tool in Pharo as it allows you to see the internal representation of an object, intimately interact with an object through an evaluation panel, and define visual representations of an object.
A Logic-based Multi-agent System for Ethical Monitoring and Evaluation of Dialogues.

Dialogue Systems are tools designed for various practical purposes concerning human-machine interaction. These systems should be built on ethical foundations because their behavior may heavily influence a user (think especially about children). The primary objective of this paper is to present the architecture and prototype implementation of a Multi Agent System (MAS) designed for ethical monitoring and evaluation of a dialogue system. A prototype application, for monitoring and evaluation of chatting agents' (human/artificial) ethical behavior in an online customer service chat point w.r.t their institution/company's codes of ethics and conduct, is developed and presented. Future work and open issues with this research are discussed.
THE THEME OF ANXIETY, FEAR AND SADNESS IN CHILDREN LITERATURE FOR AND ITS DIDACTIC APPLICATION IN LITERATURE LESSONS AT PRIMARY SCHOOLS

The theme of anxiety, fear and sadness does not represent a common communication theme applied in literary education classes at the primary school. To some extent, this theme has been a taboo among children, even though they experience it from the childhood. In the last decade, the ratio of children fiction has been increasing. Within the beforementioned, the motives of anxiety, fear and sadness are repetitively discussed and updated. Old folk tales with this theme are published again. Nevertheless, new literary works of both domestic and foreign authors also appear. This proves the popularity of this theme among the readers. The employment and usage of such literary works during lessons is already justified for the beginner readers at the primary school. The paper introduces the methodological basis of working with the artistic texts on the theme of anxiety, fear and sadness. Moreover, the paper demonstrates the artistic representation of this theme in the selected literary works for children. Literary interpretation of selected quality texts complements the description of the didactic potential of these works and their use in literature classes at the primary school. It exemplifies the activities, tasks and assignments which support the cognitive-communication concept of education in subject didactics.
Coarse-To-Fine Incremental Few-Shot Learning

Different from fine-tuning models pre-trained on a large-scale dataset of preset classes, class-incremental learning (CIL) aims to recognize novel classes over time without forgetting pre-trained classes. However, a given model will be challenged by test images with finer-grained classes, e.g., a basenji is at most recognized as a dog. Such images form a new training set (i.e., support set) so that the incremental model is hoped to recognize a basenji (i.e., query) as a basenji next time. This paper formulates such a hybrid natural problem of coarse-to-fine few-shot (C2FS) recognition as a CIL problem named C2FSCIL, and proposes a simple, effective, and theoretically-sound strategy Knowe: to learn, normalize, and freeze a classifier's weights from fine labels, once learning an embedding space contrastively from coarse labels. Besides, as CIL aims at a stability-plasticity balance, new overall performance metrics are proposed. In that sense, on CIFAR-100, BREEDS, and tieredImageNet, Knowe outperforms all recent relevant CIL/FSCIL methods that are tailored to the new problem setting for the first time.
PERCEIVED PARENTING STYLE AND GENDER AS PREDICTORS OF ADOLESCENT RISK BEHAVIOR IN CONTEXT OF EDUCATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS

The main objective of the paper is to identify gender differences in risk behavior in the context of the perceived parenting styles and to analyze if model consisting of parenting styles (democratic, liberal, autocratic or indifferent) and adolescent´s gender is a predictor of risk behavior of early and middle adolescents. We used the Risk Behavior Questionnaire - consisting of six subscales: family and daily rituals, school and friendship, addictive behavior, delinquent behavior, bullying and inappropriate eating habits and physical activities. In order to identify parenting styles, we used the Parenting Styles Questionnaire (PSQ). The research sample consisted of 579 adolescents (275 boys and 304 girls) in age 10-16 from all regions of the Slovak Republic. Based on statistical analyses, it was revealed that a model consisting of parenting styles (democratic, liberal, autocratic and indifferent) and gender, is a statistically significant predictor of risk behavior (V = 0.436, F = 63.878, p <0.001). We place the research results in the context of undergraduate training of teachers and school psychologists with an emphasis on development of knowledge and skills (professional development) in the academic subject Health psychology.
STEM FORM – WORKSHOP FOR TEACHING MATHEMATICS IN KINDERGARTEN

The dynamics of our time requires a change in the educational paradigm and in particular – the techniques and technologies of teaching in preschool education. With the development of information and communication technologies, there is a need to implement them in kindergarten. Innovative models in the learning process aim to support the formation and development of children’s cognitive abilities in a way that is interesting to them, through the use of modern technologies. The new needs of children require flexibility in teaching, which is different from the traditional methodology and conservative models of learning. This paper presents a theoretical and applied study of the STEM approach and derivation of interactive STEM forms and technologies for teaching Mathematics in a preparatory group of kindergarten: clarifies its nature and practical implementation in modeling STEM -educational technology – a model of a studio for adolescents in the preschool stage and its benefits.
Longitudinal Distance: Towards Accountable Instance Attribution

Previous research in interpretable machine learning (IML) and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) can be broadly categorized as either focusing on seeking interpretability in the agent's model (i.e., IML) or focusing on the context of the user in addition to the model (i.e., XAI). The former can be categorized as feature or instance attribution. Example- or sample-based methods such as those using or inspired by case-based reasoning (CBR) rely on various approaches to select instances that are not necessarily attributing instances responsible for an agent's decision. Furthermore, existing approaches have focused on interpretability and explainability but fall short when it comes to accountability. Inspired in case-based reasoning principles, this paper introduces a pseudo-metric we call Longitudinal distance and its use to attribute instances to a neural network agent's decision that can be potentially used to build accountable CBR agents.
Neurographics as a Means of Developing the Creative Thinking of Future Teachers

The urgency of the problem of developing the creative thinking of future teachers is due to a number of factors provoking the emergence of new requirements for a modern person: the ability to make decisions quickly, independently model their own future and take responsibility for it; learn throughout life, successfully build relationships with others, be creative. In the article, the author makes an attempt to substantiate the expediency of using neurographics as an art-therapeutic method for the development of an important feature of the thinking of a modern student of a pedagogical profile ‒ creativity. The essence of the concepts «creative thinking», «neurographics» is determined. The leading concept of the work ‒ neurographics ‒ is defined as an art-technology for working with the subconscious of a person, when, in the process of drawing according to a special algorithm, new neural connections are formed in a person, creative thinking develops, which allows you to look at the problem in a new way and solve it more effectively. The principles of neurographic drawing (neuroplasticity, reliance on the inner meaning of the personality, a high degree of independence), its content, an algorithm for using it for the development of students' creative thinking (working with a request, forming a composition, combining elements / rounding, searching for new forms, field lines, fixing new results, reflection), the interpretation of the leading figures (circle, triangle, square, as well as a neurographic line) in a neurographic drawing is given. The effectiveness of using the neurographic method in the educational process of higher educational institutions for the development of creative thinking of future teachers has been proved.
Self-efficacy as a predictor of success of professional activity

In the article the analysis of the problem of self-efficacy as a predictor of success of professional activity of the person focuses on researches of such substantial components of professional success as: motivation of achievement, self-actualization, personal growth, development of personal potential. It is revealed in which contexts scientists study the phenomenon of self-efficacy of the individual, as well as the features of various aspects of professional success. The purpose of the article is a theoretical analysis of modern psychological ideas about the nature of self-efficacy as a predictor of success of professional activity. To achieve the goal of the study the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalization, systematization of modern scientific sources and results of psychological research of the problem, which allowed to outline the impact of self-efficacy on professional success.
Tiny-NewsRec: Effective and Efficient PLM-based News Recommendation

News recommendation is a widely adopted technique to provide personalized news feeds for the user. Recently, pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated the great capability of natural language understanding and benefited news recommendation via improving news modeling. However, most existing works simply finetune the PLM with the news recommendation task, which may suffer from the known domain shift problem between the pre-training corpus and downstream news texts. Moreover, PLMs usually contain a large volume of parameters and have high computational overhead, which imposes a great burden on low-latency online services. In this paper, we propose Tiny-NewsRec, which can improve both the effectiveness and the efficiency of PLM-based news recommendation. We first design a self-supervised domain-specific post-training method to better adapt the general PLM to the news domain with a contrastive matching task between news titles and news bodies. We further propose a two-stage knowledge distillation method to improve the efficiency of the large PLM-based news recommendation model while maintaining its performance. Multiple teacher models originated from different time steps of our post-training procedure are used to transfer comprehensive knowledge to the student in both its post-training and finetuning stage. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method.
한국선교의 기원과 최초선교사건에 대한 역사적 성찰

This study is about the historical reflection on the origin of Korean mission and the first missionary event. The description of mission history is gradually changing from a Western to a non-Western perspective history. However, the Korean church considers 1884 or 1885 when Allen and Appenzeller came to Korea as the origin of mission. The missionaries who came to Korea brought the gospel book of Luke translated from Japan. Therefore, the Korean church should consider the ‘Historiography,’ which considers both the driving force from the outside and the attraction force from the inside. After that, the history of Korean mission must be re-established from the perspective of God’s mission (missio Dei) that includes the first missionary event that occurred before missionaries came to Korea.
Determinan Kepuasan Pengguna Sistem Informasi Akademik (Determinants of User Satisfaction with Academic Information Systems)

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the satisfaction of users of academic information systems. The factors tested in this study were: system quality, information quality, and perceived usefulness. The research population is STIE Malangkuçeçwara students batch 2014, with a sample of 193 respondents as users of academic information systems. Data was collected using a questionnaire distributed through mass media (WhatsApp and Line). Data were analyzed using partial least squares. The results showed that the quality of information, system quality and perceived usefulness affect user satisfaction.