Roundtable: Pedagogical Approaches to Music Encoding

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Music Encoding Initiative, https://music-encoding.org/.2 Rebalancing the Music Canon, https://rebalancing-music-canon.com/.3 “Buchanan Library Fellowship Program,” Vanderbilt University, https://www.library.vanderbilt.edu/about/fellows/.4 “Immersion Vanderbilt,” Vanderbilt University, https://www.vanderbilt.edu/immersion/.5 “Trans-Institutional Programs (TIPs),” Vanderbilt University, https://www.vanderbilt.edu/strategicplan/trans-institutional-programs/.6 “The Center for Digital Humanities at Vanderbilt,” Vanderbilt University, https://www.vanderbilt.edu/digitalhumanities/.7 “Programs for Organizations,” The Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation, https://www.delmas.org/programs-for-organizations.8 “Vanderbilt to Host International Music Encoding Workshop and Hackathon,” MyVU, October 2, 2019, https://news.vanderbilt.edu/2019/10/02/vanderbilt-to-host-international-music-encoding-workshop-and-hackathon/.9 The manuscript copy of Alfred Schnittke‘s Sinfonisches Vorspiel (Sketches) can be viewed online at https://catalog.library.vanderbilt.edu/permalink/01VAN_INST/ma7323/alma991002264029703276.10 Examples of many existing projects can be found here: “Projects / Users,” Music Encoding Initiative, https://music-encoding.org/community/projects-users.html.11 “Interest Groups,” Music Encoding Initiative, https://music-encoding.org/community/interest-groups.html.12 “Tutorials,” Music Encoding Initiative, https://music-encoding.org/resources/tutorials.html.13 Additional information about Verovio can be found at “A Music Notation Engraving Library,” Verovio, https://www.verovio.org/index.xhtml.14 Anna Kijas and Raffaele Viglianti, “Introduction to the Music Encoding Initiative,” in #DLFTeach Toolkit: Lesson Plans for Digital Library Instruction, ed. L. Rodrigues & E. Pappas (Digital Library Federation, Digital Library Pedagogy Working Group, 2019), https://doi.org/10.21428/65a6243c.9fa9b4f7.15 MEI Pedagogy and Praxis Resources, https://hcommons.org/deposits/?tag=mei-pedagogy-praxis.16 “Past Music Encoding Conferences,” Music Encoding Initiative, https://music-encoding.org/conference/past.html.17 Digital Humanities Summer Institute (DHSI), https://dhsi.org/.18 Trevor Muñoz, “Data Curation as Publication for the Digital Humanities,” Journal of Digital Humanities 2, no. 3 (2013), http://journalofdigitalhumanities.org/2-3/data-curation-as-publishing-for-the-digital-humanities/.19 See “A Directory of Digital Scholarship in Music,” created by the Digital Humanities Interest Group of the Music Library Association for a useful collection of Digital Humanities projects relevant to the field at https://rutgersdh.github.io/musicdh/.20 Digital Humanities Scavenger Hunt included items from the “Directory of Digital Scholarship in Music,” https://rutgersdh.github.io/musicdh/.21 Gesualdo Online, https://ricercar.gesualdo-online.cesr.univ-tours.fr/.22 Measuring Polyphony: Digital Encodings of Late Medieval Music, https://measuringpolyphony.org/.23 Catalogue of Carl Nielsen’s Works, https://www.kb.dk/dcm/cnw/navigation.xq.24 Beethovens Werkstatt: Genetische Textkritik und Digitale Musikedition, https://beethovens-werkstatt.de/.25 Anna Kijas, “MEI for All! or Lowering the Barrier to Music Encoding through Digital Pedagogy,” presented at Maryland Institute for Technology in the Humanities Digital Dialogs Series, February 25, 2020.26 “MEI Tutorials,” Music Encoding Initiative, https://music-encoding.org/resources/tutorials.html.27 Not all of the students in this seminar had access to a laptop they could bring to class, and so they worked in pairs or groups of three. The University of Maryland Libraries, and many other institutions’ library services now offer loaner laptops, which can also aid accessibility in similar projects.28 “Music Encoding Initiative GitHub Repository,” https://github.com/music-encoding/music-encoding#the-music-encoding-initiative.29 “Guidelines (4.0.1),” Music Encoding Initiative, https://music-encoding.org/guidelines/v4/content/.30 Verovio, https://www.verovio.org/mei-viewer.xhtml.31 Additional details about the first and current iterations can be found at Rebalancing the Music Canon, https://rebalancing-music-canon.com/about/.32 “About: What Is Minimal Computing,” Minimal Computing, https://go-dh.github.io/mincomp/about/.33 Bethany Nowviskie, “Capacity through Care,” in Debates in the Digital Humanities, ed. Matthew K. Gold and Lauren F. Klein (Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press, 2019), 424–26.34 Music by Women, https://www.musicbywomen.org/; “Composer Diversity Database,” Institute for Composer Diversity, https://www.composerdiversity.com/composer-diversity-database.35 Helen Walker-Hill, Gregory Walker, and Rachel Eubanks, eds. Black Women Composers: Twentieth Century Music for Piano and Strings (Bryn Mawr, PA: Hildegard Publishing Company, 2003); Martha Furman Schleifer and Sylvia Glickman, Women Composers: Music Through the Ages (New York: G.K. Hall, 1996); Rachel Ivy Clarke and Sayward Schoonmaker, “Metadata for Diversity. Identification and Implications of Potential Access Points for Diverse Library Resources,” Journal of Documentation 76, no. 1 (2020): 173–96.36 Analysis and visualization of newly acquired scores for Lilly Music Library during fiscal year 2021 can be consulted at Research Guides@Tufts, https://researchguides.library.tufts.edu/lillymusiclibrary-collection.37 MuseScore notation software is available at MuseScore, https://musescore.org/en/download.38 Instructions for encoding incipits and creating content for the Rebalancing the Music Canon, https://github.com/annakijas1/rebalancing-music-canon/.39 “Community-Created Pedagogy and Praxis Resources,” Music Encoding Initiative, https://music-encoding.org/resources/pedagogy.html. Maristella Feustle’s videos are found on this page. Anna Kijas and Raffaele Viglianti, “Introduction to the Music Encoding Initiative,” #DLFTeach Toolkit, September 19, 2019, https://dlfteach.pubpub.org/pub/intro-mei/release/1.40 Atom XML Editor, https://atom.io/; Verovio Editor, https://editor.verovio.org/; GitHub, https://github.com/; The Markdown Guide, https://www.markdownguide.org/. Since writing this essay, the Atom XML Editor has been sunsetted and we have switched to Visual Studio Code (https://code.visualstudio.com/).41 Leo Brouwer I. Homo Faber incipit, Rebalancing the Music Canon, https://rebalancing-music-canon.com/brouwer-la-vida-misma-homo-faber/.42 The full list of composers and incipits is accessible in the index for Rebalancing the Music Canon, https://rebalancing-music-canon.com/incipit-index/.43 Theodore Dumitrescu, “Corpus Mensurabilis Musice ‘Electronicum’? Toward a Flexible Electronic Representation of Music in Mensural Notation,” in The Virtual Score: Representation, Retrieval, Restoration, ed. W. B. Hewlett and E. Selfridge-Field, vol. 12 (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2001), 3–18, at 8.44 Johannes Kepper, Musikedition im Zeichen neuer Medien. Historische Entwicklung und gegenwärtige Perspektiven musikalischer Gesamtausgaben (Norderstedt: Books on Demand, 2011), 132–37; and Franz Wiering, “Digital Critical Editions of Music: A Multidimensional Model,” in Modern Methods for Musicology: Prospects, Proposals, and Realities, ed. Tim Crawford and Lorna Gibson (Farnham, England: Ashgate, 2009), 23–46.45 Mensural music refers to the polyphonic music principally of the thirteenth to sixteenth century written in mensural notation.46 See Johannes Tinctoris: Complete Theoretical Works, ed. Ronald Woodley, Jeffrey J. Dean, and David Lewis, https://earlymusictheory.org/Tinctoris/texts/.47 See Measuring Polyphony: Digital Encounters of Late Medieval Music, https://measuringpolyphony.org/. Most pieces in the Measuring Polyphony corpus are available in original and modern forms. Since the project used to transform specifically prepared CMN versions into Mensural notation, this involves no additional processing. For details on the encoding process, see “Encoding Process,” https://measuringpolyphony.org/#encodingProcess.48 See, for instance, The Josquin Research Project, https://josquin.stanford.edu/, with its extensive possibilities for searching and analytical visualizations, and approaches in automated analysis of mensural music transmission. See also Anna Viktoria Katrin Plaksin, Modelle zur computergestützten Analyze von Überlieferungen der Mensuralmusik: Empirische Textforschung im Kontext phylogenetischer Verfahren (Dortmund: Readbox Unipress, 2021); and Jesse Rodin, “(In) Noten suchen—Das Josquin Research Project,” Troja: Jahrbuch für Renaissancemusik 17 (2018): 47–68.49 See Kepper, Musikedition im Zeichen neuer Medien, 147.50 See the pull request on GitHub mentioning the merge of the feature here: https://github.com/rism-digital/verovio/pull/2278.51 See Karen Desmond, “Next Steps for Measuring Polyphony: A Prototype Editor for Encoding Mensural Music,” (poster presentation, Music Encoding Conference, Tufts University, Medford, MA, May 26–29, 2020). The editor is available at Measuring Polyphony: Digital Encodings of Late Medieval Music, https://editor.measuringpolyphony.org/.52 The project shares detailed instructional videos about the MP Editor on their YouTube channel, Measuring Polyphony, https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCWB5WRs4LjKpYB_-J2Sb03Q/videos.53 See Anna Plaksin and David Lewis, “MeRIT: An Interactive Annotation Tool for Mensural Rhythms,” in Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Digital Libraries for Musicology (New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2022), 55–59.54 MeRIT is available for beta testing at https://interpreter.earlymusictheory.org/.55 Tim Duguid, “The Forgotten Classroom? Bringing Music Encoding to a New Generation,” Music Encoding Conference, Tufts University, Medford, MA, May 26–29, 2020.56 Guía para elaborar propuestas de planes de estudios de títulos propios, Universidad de Salamanca (2021), https://www.usal.es/files/Guia_elaborar_planes_estudio_titulos_propios.doc, and Plan de organización de la actividad académica del PDI de la Universidad de Salamanca (2020), https://www.usal.es/files/modelo_plantilla_texto_reformulado_2020.pdf.57 Simon Mahony and Elena Pierazzo, “Teaching Skills or Teaching Methodology?” in Digital Humanities Pedagogy: Practices, Principles and Politics, ed. Brett D. Hirsch (Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2012), 215–25.