Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Puzzle Therapy in Improving the Cognitive Function of the Elderly

Mild cognitive impairment is a term for people who are at risk of developing dementia. Cognitive decline is an elderly perspective that is commonly a health problem because it is closely related to physical health, psychological health, and quality of life in the elderly. This study aimed to determine the effect of puzzle therapy on the cognitive function of the elderly. This type of quantitative research is pre-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design approach. The population in this study was 24 elderly people, using a saturated sampling technique. The intervention carried out was puzzle therapy given for 30-60 minutes over a period of 1 week. Puzzle therapy is a fragment of several images from a complete picture that is designed to stimulate the brain so that the brain's cognitive role increases. The cognitive abilities of the elderly were measured using the MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) questionnaire in the form of a test consisting of 30 points of cognitive function including orientation, registration, attention and calculation, remembering, and language. Score 24-30 (good cognitive function), score 1-23 (cognitive impairment). hypothesis analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results of the study showed that the puzzle therapy variables influence the cognitive abilities of the elderly (p.value 0.01). To improve the cognitive function of the elderly, it can be done through scheduled puzzle therapy in the daily activities of the elderly.
A Study on the Recognition of English Pronunciation Features in Teaching by Machine Learning Algorithms

A better understanding of students" English pronunciation features would be a useful guide for teaching spoken English. This paper first analyzed the English pronunciation features and extracted Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) features from the pronunciation signal. Then, the support vector machine (SVM) method was used to identify the cases of incorrect and correct pronunciation. To further improve the recognition effect, deep features were extracted using deep brief network (DBN) as the input of the SVM, and the parameters of both DBN and SVM were optimized by the sparrow search algorithm (SSA). Experiments were conducted on the dataset. The results showed that the MFCC-SSA-SVM algorithm had better recognition performance than the MFCC-SVM algorithm. The DBN-SVM algorithm had higher recognition correctness and accuracy than the MFCC-SSA-SVM algorithm, while the SSA-DBN-SVM method had 88.07% correctness and 85.49% accuracy, indicating the best performance. The results demonstrated the reliability of the proposed method for English pronunciation feature recognition; therefore, it can be applied in practical spoken language teaching.
Study on the Obligations of the Crime of Refusing to Fulfill the Obligations of Information Network Security Management

With the continuous development of the internet today, the Internet has greatly promoted the progress of society, but its impact also has to attract our attention, the internet crime more and more at the same time the breeding of new forms of crime, so that the traditional criminal law can not be completely regulated, the new law has also solved this problem. The new law is the criminal law amendment (IX). According to the new crime of refusing to implement the regulation of network security management, the network service provider must bear the criminal responsibility for his inaction, which has laid a new legal basis for the security management of network crime. However, there are many problems in this charge, such as the low application rate of the court. This paper focuses on the legal background and judicial system of the crime of failing to perform the responsibility of Information Network security management. Using the general idea of the present situation, the paper puts forward the requirements for information network security, then expounds the existing problems and puts forward remedial measures.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Sayuran Organik dan Limbah Feses Ayam Petelur Sebagai Media Dalam Budidaya Maggot (Hermetia illucens)

This research aims to determine the level of efficiency of processing organic vegetable waste and laying hen feces, as well as to obtain a comparison of media in producing the best maggots. The research was carried out experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and four replications. The types of treatment used are P0 (100% organic vegetable waste), P1 (75% organic vegetable waste + 25% laying hen feces), P2 (50% organic vegetable waste + 50% laying hen feces), P3 (25% vegetable waste organic + 75% laying hen feces), P4 (100% laying hen feces). The variables observed included maggot weight, media shrinkage and nutritional content which included water content, protein, fat, fiber, ash and Kcal/Kg energy. The research data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and tested further using Duncan's difference test. The results of the study showed that organic vegetable waste media and laying hen feces had a real influence on the maggot weight treatment with a weight of 268.90 grams for treatment P0 when compared with P2 114.47 grams, P3 75.82 grams and P4 65.72. The nutritional content of P2 media has a water content of 79.47%, protein of 45.80%, fat of 19.43%, fiber of 2.98%, ash of 20.56%, and energy of 4667 Kcal/kg and the lowest content in P4 has a water content of 69.41%, 27.85% protein, 11.98% fat, 6.89% fiber, 20.98% ash, and 4085 Kcal/kg energy. The conclusion is that the best weight of maggots is produced from 100% organic vegetable waste. The best nutritional content of maggots in a medium of 50% organic vegetable waste + 50% laying hen feces has the best nutritional content.
Professional Capacity of the Leading Schools as a Managing Mechanism in Updating the Content of Secondary Education in Kazakhstan

This chapter presents the results of monitoring research conducted by the Center of Excellence in 2018–2021. The focus of the research was the professional potential of leading schools established in each region of Kazakhstan as a mechanism for testing innovative ideas and further large-scale translation, taking into account the accumulated experience and the optimal strategy of action. The theoretical and practical basis of the research consists of analytical materials and empirical research data, confirming the dominant role of professional capital. On this contextual basis, the methodology and criteria-evaluation framework were defined, research and interpretation of the data obtained were carried out and conclusions were formulated. The database was formed on the basis of self-evaluation of professional potential by managers and teachers of all leading schools and the evaluative opinion of partner schools, which were methodologically supported. The multiplicity of studies, the representative sample and the triangulation method used have provided sufficient qualitative and quantitative data for the formulation of objective findings and timely decision-making.
Operationalising Conceptual Structure

This chapter investigates and tests the methodological choices that must be made when creating a conceptual network visualisation from a large text corpus. We often discuss the architecture of complex concepts using metaphors that suggest networked representations. We might speak of a ‘constellation’ or ‘skeleton’ of elementary concepts that has a core, a periphery and sections that are mutually supportive or interlocking. Underlying this metaphor is the notion that concepts are composed of structured associations among many elements, building from words to tightly formed clusters of words to large interlocking architectural forms that give rise to abstract concepts. To build such a network from language, we must operationalise several informal notions, including word association strength, connection thresholds and the total size of the network. This chapter discusses the process of constructing and testing these methods, illustrating the trade-offs and implications of different implementations used when building visualisations of conceptual networks built from lexical co-occurrence data. When the calculations that operationalise the notions of word association and conceptual relation are laid out in detail, it becomes apparent that the choice of implementation cannot be separated from the substantive or theoretical kind of conceptual structure that we aim to capture.
Perspective Taking in Life

Although our ultimate goal is an analysis and theory of perspective taking in literature, an important insight is that perspective taking in reading literature is subject to the same factors and constraints and may depend on the same types of processes as perspective taking in real life. In Chapter 3, we review research in social and personality psychology that is applicable to literary perspective taking and that can help us advance our understanding of how readers make sense of fictional minds. Under the general umbrella term of “mind reading,” theory of mind, theory theory, and simulation theories offer competing explanations of how individuals make sense of other minds. We argue that interpreting these ideas in terms of analogy provides the basis for a more coherent analysis. We also consider the problem of empathy and how it is related to mind reading. Our analysis is that empathy should be thought of as emotional perspective taking, and we apply our analogical inference approach here as well. Finally, we consider the neural bases of perspective taking and discuss how different brain networks may be related to the components of perspective taking by analogy.
Eager to Stop: Efficient Falsification of Deep Neural Networks

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), extensively used in safety-critical domains, require methods to detect misbehavior and ensure provable specifications. DNN testing encounters limitations in time and coverage, affecting effectiveness. DNN verification divides into exact and approximated approaches. Due to scalability challenges, exact methods yield precise outcomes but are suitable for smaller networks. Approximated techniques using abstractions tend to be over-approximated for soundness. Over-approximated verifiers might produce more misleading counterexamples than actual violations, impacting the identification of flaws. This paper proposes a falsifier to efficiently identify counterexamples for DNN robustness by refuting specifications. The proposed approach gradient information to fast approach local optima against specifications, collecting relevant counterexamples effectively.
Discussion of ‘The Critical Role of Informal Trading with Nigeria’

In Benin, top businesspeople not only capture the economy but also the executive, and possibly legislative power. This book develops a comprehensive analysis aimed at identifying and reducing the institutional constraints that impede Benins rapid, sustainable, and inclusive development. The research reveals a chain of causality between four main categories of institutional weaknesses in Benin, namely corruption, inefficiencies in governance, opacity in public decision-making, and excessive informality in the Beninese economy. These institutional weaknesses are traced back to proximate and ultimate causes. The immediate causes include political instability, elite capture of key state functions, weakness of the state, and the possibility of easy but illegal rents. In turn, these causes are linked to deep-rooted underlying factors such as the nature of the political game, essentially neo-patrimonialism with multiple economic and/or political Big Men, but also geographical or ethnic factors. We elaborate on policy reforms aiming at overcoming or circumventing these institutional problems.
Unified Verification of Neural Networks’ Robustness and Privacy in Computer Vision

In recent years, extensive research efforts have delved into neural network verification, resulting in widespread deployment. Concerns have arisen regarding the robustness of neural networks and the privacy of the data they process. To address these concerns, advancements have been made in robust training, robust verification, and preserving privacy while utilizing neural networks for utility tasks. While numerous verifiers are available for verifying neural network robustness, there is still a lack of verification approaches for privacy-related properties. This paper will introduce the problem of formally verifying properties concerning the robustness and privacy of neural networks, and it will explore how existing works in robustness verification can contribute to unified verification work. Ultimately, this paper will outline a roadmap for achieving a unified verification approach encompassing both robustness and privacy concerns.
Quality of Institutions

We review evidence on the institutional weaknesses underlying economic development problems in Benin, analysing various sources of information including cross-country databases and an original opinion survey among decision makers in Benin. Three pressing institutional issues are found. First, the most serious impediment is corruption, which is seen as responsible for several key dysfunctions in almost all sectors: the political and electoral systems (vote buying), the relationship between business and the public administration (rigged procurement) or the judiciary system, land rights, or complicity between politicians and the media. Second, weak public management deteriorates the quality and the delivery of public services. It is most characterised by opacity of government policy-making to the public, ineffective regulation of the power sector, and a complex tax administration grossly inefficient in tax collection. Third, the level of informality is much higher in Benin than in the average sub-Saharan African country. This generates several economic costs including tax revenue loss, job precariousness, unfair competition for formal firms, and lack of control over the economy.
Discussion of ‘Campaign Finance and State Capture’

In Benin, top businesspeople not only capture the economy but also the executive, and possibly legislative power. This book develops a comprehensive analysis aimed at identifying and reducing the institutional constraints that impede Benins rapid, sustainable, and inclusive development. The research reveals a chain of causality between four main categories of institutional weaknesses in Benin, namely corruption, inefficiencies in governance, opacity in public decision-making, and excessive informality in the Beninese economy. These institutional weaknesses are traced back to proximate and ultimate causes. The immediate causes include political instability, elite capture of key state functions, weakness of the state, and the possibility of easy but illegal rents. In turn, these causes are linked to deep-rooted underlying factors such as the nature of the political game, essentially neo-patrimonialism with multiple economic and/or political Big Men, but also geographical or ethnic factors. We elaborate on policy reforms aiming at overcoming or circumventing these institutional problems.
Strategi Dinas Pemadam Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Kota Surabaya dalam Pelayanan Penanganan Kebakaran

The city of Surabaya is the second largest city in Indonesia with a fairly high level of population density, with the existence of this population density causing residential density that can cause slums and have an impact on fires. This is the responsibility and commitment of the Surabaya City (DPKP) in providing firefighting handling services to the community. This study is intended to describe how the strategy of the Surabaya City DPKP in firefighting handling services. This research method uses qualitative methods with interview data collection techniques, observation and documentation. The theory used in this study is strategy management by Fred R David (2019) based on three focus indicators, namely strategy formulation, strategy implementation and srateg evaluation. The results of this study show that the strategy used by the Surabaya City DPKP can be said to be succeeded by getting the Commendable Public Innovation award in 2022 through a 7-minute response time program with the support of the vision and mission, the strength of human resources and infrastructure.
Myth 8 You Can’t Write That Because Internet

The final myth, new technology threatens writing, brings us full circle back to myth 1, because it keeps limiting correct writing. It puts correct writing at odds with informal digital writing, even when correct writing is critiqued for being stodgy. We get the idea that correct writing is controlled, whereas informal digital writing is careless, and we limit who reads correct writing and what writing is studied in school. Closer to the truth is that if you are alarmed by something – say, text message slang – you will notice it more, even if most written English is neither changing nor fundamentally different. Informal writing is not the same thing as careless writing, and it is both similar and different from formal writing on the writing continuum.
Introduction: When Writing Means <i>Correct Writing</i>

The book opens with an odd fact of our time: we grow up having our writing corrected at every turn, and yet the actual writing most people do goes far beyond what is considered “correct English.” If we imagine a basic continuum of writing in English, it ranges from informal to formal, personal to impersonal, and interpersonal to informational writing. That range allows us to do all kinds of different things with writing. But only a small part of it is considered “correct,” because of what the book calls Language Regulation Mode. The introduction explains Language Regulation Mode, how it fixates on errors, and how it makes it hard to think about writing any other way. We learn to see writing only through the lens of writing myths, which tell us only some writing counts, and only some writers are smart and will succeed. Then, the introduction offers an alternative: Language Exploration Mode, which focuses on patterns instead of errors, and learning more about the diverse language of our world today--a continuum of informal digital writing, workplace writing, formal school writing, and otherwise, all correct for its purpose.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PEMBELIAN KEPERLUAN KANTOR KEBUN/PABRIK OLEH KANTOR DIREKSI MEDAN PADA PT.PD PAYA PINANG

Information systems are crucial for businesses; an effective system tailored to business demands can help it work better and achieve its goals and vision. The accounting information system that should be used must have periodic calculations between costs and operating results, and the financial information provided by the organization to relevant parties or management should be accurate and correct, where actions need to be implemented accurately and efficiently, reducing the risk of internal errors in generating information that will serve as a reference for future decision-making. The purpose of this research is to analyze and evaluate the implementation of the purchasing accounting information system for office needs at the Medan directorate office of PT PD Paja Pinang. The qualitative descriptive analysis method was used in this research. The qualitative descriptive analysis method includes the analysis, description, and summary of various conditions and situations from various data collected through interviews or observations of research problems that occur in the field. Research findings reveal that the implementation of the purchasing accounting information system has been carried out in accordance with existing procedures.
The effectiveness of task-based and project-based language teaching in improving speaking

A quasi-experimental research had been conducted to test the effectiveness of using TBLT and PBLT in improving eighth-grade students’ speaking skill at Maitreyawira Junior High School in Batam. The researcher used pre-test and post-test with non-equivalent group design. Two classes (8H and 8I) that consist of 30 students in each class were chosen. The control class was taught by using TBLT and the experimental class was taught by using PBLT. The data were analyzed by paired and independent t-test. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the students’ speaking skill. The sig-value in the control class was 0.001. There was also a significant difference in the students’ speaking skill with the sig-value of 0.000 in the experimental class. Both sig-values were lower than 0.05. Moreover, the students’ speaking scores were higher than before the treatment whether in control class or experimental class. It was proven by the improvement of 4.50 of the mean score in the control class, and the improvement of 5.86 of the mean score in the experimental class. Therefore, TBLT and PBLT were recommended to be used in teaching English, especially in teaching speaking in order to improve students’ speaking skill.
DISABILITY AND TECHNOLOGIES: A PROPOSAL

Technologies currently constitute a work tool that has unlimited possibilities for its use in the teaching – learning process at different educational levels. In Special Education it allows the corrective - compensatory work of students with special educational needs. However, limitations are observed in the use of technologies to achieve this purpose in the educational practice in the case of students with intellectual disabilities. The objective of the research is the elaboration of computerized learning activities for the correction and/or compensation of cognitive processes of students with intellectual disabilities. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, the sample consisted of  students with intellectual disabilities from the Manuel Prada Contreras Special School in the municipality of Santiago de Cuba, in the province of the same name. Ten computerized learning activities that favored the correction and/or compensation of cognitive processes in the teaching-learning process were elaborated and provided a theoretical reference of the use of technologies in educational institutions for these students. The research is relevant because its results argue the pertinence of the use of computerized activities in students with intellectual disabilities as a corrective-compensatory activity in the teaching-learning process, which infl uences psychic development and makes it possible for it to be developmental. It is concluded that the use of technologies in Special Education favors the stimulation of cognitive processes of students with intellectual disabilities and constitutes a work tool that dynamizes the teaching-learning process.