Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Youth Entrepreneurship: A Path to Nigeria's Development

The world is constantly in a state of flux. Contemporary realities such as the Internet revolution with the accompanying Information Age appear to have placed young people above other demographic categories. Increasingly, young people between their teens and early adulthood have been taking very active parts in economic activities and leading critical sectors, especially IT, banking, and small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs). Their unmatched compliance and savviness in the use of the virtual space have exposed them to limitless knowledge and opportunities that hitherto were difficult to access. The case is not different in Nigeria. Nigerian youths are a formidable population category whose imaginative and creative ability can turn around Nigeria’s dwindling economy if bolstered with an enabling environment. However, the Nigerian State has not been able to leverage the ingenuities and economic capacities of its largest population cluster. This is particularly paradoxical considering Nigeria’s continuous struggle for development. This paradox informs this paper. In it, I foreground the need for the Nigerian State to shift its focus to youth entrepreneurship and encourage bourgeoning youth entrepreneurs to develop innovative economic and/or business activities that can improve the different aspects of Nigeria’s economy and social development. This has become an imperative, especially in light of accidental events like COVID-19. Innovative entrepreneurship, injecting new efforts and ideas, and leveraging youth potential will benefit Nigeria and will not only engender healthy economic performance but also reduce mass unemployment and poverty. Nigeria’s dream of becoming a global economic powerhouse may be built around the entrepreneurship, innovativeness, and creative capacities of her youth population.
The The Role of Online Disinhibition Towards Cyberbullying on Second-Account Users on Instagram

This study aims to determine the role of online disinhibition towards cyberbullying on second-account users on Instagram. The participants of this study were 150 second-account users on Instagram. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Online disinhibition is measured using a scale compiled by researchers based on the aspects proposed by Stuart &amp; Scott (2020). Cyberbullying is measured using the cyberbullying scale, which is also compiled by researchers based on aspects proposed by Langos (2012). Data analysis was performed using simple regression techniques. Data analysis resulted in the value of R square = 0.520 F = 160.136 and p = 0.000 (p &lt;0.005). Data analysis resulted in a value of p = 0.000 (p &lt;0.005), which indicated that there was a role for online disinhibition in cyberbullying with an R square = 0.520, which means that it gave a role of 52%.
An Overview of Speech-To-Text Conversion

As a result of developments in science and technology, an automatic speech-to-text (STT) conversion system has been available. This system converts spoken words into text that can be read visually. People with trouble hearing may use this technology to communicate in other ways, including understanding voice communication and being able to follow directions using their visual abilities. There are instances when seeing something is more powerful than listening to something, particularly in long-distance communication; thus, speech-to-text conversion is crucial in situations like these. One of the fascinating developments to occur in the twenty-first century is the advent of machine learning. It has evolved from its roots in neurology studies conducted in the 1940s into something like artificial intelligence humans have created. Neural networks, a collection of complex structures, are the basis of machine learning. When combined with optimization techniques, these networks mimic the behaviour of neurons in the human brain and allow a computer to learn from its experiences. Here we explore one of many potential uses for such structures - the analysis of vocal performance in an original study. In particular, we dissect voice recognition systems to determine their inner workings.
REMOTE ASSESSMENT IN UKRAINIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

This study narrates the implementation of remote assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic education in Ukrainian higher education institutions, based on the reflections of 600 students and 150 educators. A wide range of student and faculty members experiences from Ukrainian higher education institutions were aggregated and analyzed. The data were collected through the Google Forms survey. The research focuses on the Ukrainian experience with implementing pandemic learning designs, technological solutions, evaluation systems, and academic integrity measures. The current study also looks at the various technological interventions to teaching, learning, and assessing that have been introduced or continued in higher education institutions around the world, and how they may have helped reduce the likelihood of students committing misconduct during the pandemic distance learning. The major outcome implies that addressing the issues of online assessment, cheating, and plagiarism on multiple levels is necessary, including boosting student knowledge and ethics; overcoming the resistance of the conservative part of the participants in the educational process to educational innovations due to the relatively low level of their mastery of modern educational technologies; training teachers to detect cheating methods
AI based Chatbot for Students FAQs

In the ever-evolving landscape of education, providing efficient and accessible information to students is paramount. This project introduces the development of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based chatbot tailored for handling Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) from students. The chatbot is implemented using the Python programming language, leveraging the Chatterbot library for natural language processing and conversation management.
Open Science Community Leiden supports ResearchEquals

Open Science Community Leiden (OSCL), with assistance from Leiden University Library, is now a supporting member of ResearchEquals, sustaining and governing the development of modular publishing. OSCL joins as the fourth institutional supporter, alongside Tilburg University, KU Leuven, and VU Amsterdam.
The Simulation Hypothesis: Critique of D. Chalmers’ Digital Ontology of Consciousness

The article, based on D. Chalmers’ concept, examines questions about the ontological status of virtual digital objects and the hypothesis of the world as a computer simulation. The world is not fundamentally digital; there are many incomputable processes and phenomena, which means that creating a full-fledged simulation is impossible. The virtual should develop in coordination and interconnection with other types of existence, such as the existence of consciousness and natural objects, without replacing them. The popularity of the simulation hypothesis, which is structurally indistinguishable from artistic fiction, as well as the increased importance of the virtual, is due to socio-psychological reasons, the brightness, and ease of activity in virtual worlds. The relevance of developing an ethically oriented non-reductionist ontology of consciousness is noted.
Crowdsourcing in Professional Education

The article reveals the educational potential of crowdsourcing and describes the types of crowd activities. The features of communication between participants in the crowdsourcing process in the online environment are considered. Based on an analysis of publications on the use of communicative capabilities of crowdsourcing in school education, the authors provide arguments in favour of the prospects of this technology in relation to university professional education. Forms of cooperation within the framework of micromanagement were described. The possibilities of crowdsourcing platforms were identified.
Stimulating the Interest of Pedagogical University Students in Mastering Engineering Disciplines

The article deals with the problem of mastering engineering disciplines by the students of a pedagogical university pursuing in “Robotics and Technology”, for whom fundamental knowledge in physics, mathematics, theoretical mechanics is the basis for successful completion of the curriculum. The paper considers a way to stimulate students’ interest in the learning process using an activity-based approach. The stimulation is aimed at creating a situation in which the student goes independently from the beginning (virtual design of the object) to the final result (embodiment in the material). The “Maltese Cross” mechanism is proposed as an object of development.
Development of Students’ Professional Orientation in the Modern Technosphere of the Pedagogical University

The article discusses the problem of developing students’ professional orientation towards teaching. A justification is given for the effectiveness of using components of the technosphere of a pedagogical university, such as interactive panels, a virtual reality equipment system, smart augmented reality glasses (AR glasses) with an intelligent controller, a mobile classroom, 3D printers for the development of professional and pedagogical orientation. The article describes promising methods of career guidance based on a digital footprint, which have a positive impact on the process of developing students’ orientation towards the teaching profession.
Complexity of Formulas and Methods Used in Solving School Tasks (The Case of Electrodynamics)

The article describes the methodology for assessing the complexity of formulas and methods used in solving school problems in electrodynamics, analyzes the results obtained. Based on the content analysis of standard school textbooks and problem books, 6 topics have been identified, each of which corresponds to its own set of formulas and its own method of solving problems. The formulas were encoded with a verbal code and presented in a text file Formula.txt. For each of the 48 formulas, the number of terms was counted, their complexity was taken into account, which allowed to determine the semantic complexity and the coefficient of information convolution. The distributions of formulas and methods in the spaces “volume — complexity” and “average complexity — average coefficient of information convolution” are analysed. Based on the number of formulas in each method, the uncertainty of the choice of formulas and the corresponding complexity of the choice in the independent solution of problems in electrodynamics are estimated.
Features of the Formation of University Students’ Professional Competencies Using the Example of Distance Learning of Physics

The article analyses the problem of developing professional competencies of pedagogical university students studying in the specialty “Physics and Mathematics” in the format of distance learning. The main methods are outlined to ensure a high level of specialist training.
Trends in Modern Education: Some Current Aspects

In modern conditions, the education system is experiencing the impact of social transformations caused primarily by the expansion of the digitalization space. New teaching practices are considered, their relevance to the requirements of socioeconomic and cultural development is shown. The article examines educational trends aimed at the realization of actual learning goals, including the development of personality-centered education and the formation of human capital.
Comprehensive Assessment Model of Competencies Formation of Pedagogical University Students (The Case of Communicative and Digital Module)

The article is devoted to the problem of designing the assessment tools aimed at identifying the competencies formation level. The problem is considered by the example of the assessment tools designing for the competencies of communicative and digital module. Different methodological and methodical approaches to the design of the assessment tools specification are analysed. The comprehensive assessment model of the competencies formation of the communicative and digital module for pedagogical university students is proposed.
Methodology for the Formation of Value Orientations of Future Teachers at Different Stages of Vocational Training

The article solves a research problem related to the substantiation of the methodological foundations for organizing professional pedagogical training in the context of the development of value orientations of future teachers. Based on an analysis of the theoretical concepts of professionalism, professional self-determination, professional guidance, the author substantiates the possibility of building professional pedagogical training at all its stages: from the teaching class to graduation, around professional values. The author has identified pedagogical values that become the center of educational content at different stages of preparation
Avatar: Human Transformation in Virtual Reality

The article examines the avatar as a link between the virtual world and the user immersed in an illusory environment. An avatar not only helps to immerse oneself into virtual reality, but also allows a person to maintain anonymity.
Support for Technology Teachers in the Field of End-to-End Digital Technologies

The article updates the problem of supporting technology teachers as they master end-to-end digital technologies. The experience of one of the large pedagogical universities in the field of conducting advanced training courses, educational intensives, master classes, educational events based on the technology park of universal pedagogical competencies, creating internship sites on the basis of educational organizations, supervising specialized engineering classes is presented.
Organizational and Pedagogical Conditions for Career Guidance Work in a Pedagogical University Based on a Digital Footprint

The article examines the problem of developing a focus on the teaching profession in the context of the digital transformation of society. The authors analyse the terms “pedagogical conditions”, “organizational and pedagogical conditions”, identify and justify the organizational and pedagogical conditions for using the collection, processing and analysis of a student’s digital footprint to form the personalized development of students’ pedagogical orientation.
“I have had my daily Pepys with coffee, every morning. I don’t know what I will do now”: A digital reading of a 17th-century private diary

This article deals with the issue of digital reading of personal diaries based on the analysis of two projects by Phil Gyford involving the publication of Samuel Pepys’ diary — on a site specifically dedicated to the diary and on the microblogging platform Twitter. When discussing the genre of the personal diary and its publication, generally the problem of privacy and its violation comes to the forefront: it is seen as central to understanding the impressions as well as the experiences of a reader “immersed” in someone else’s private life and experiencing both a feeling of guilt, opposing him/herself to the author/hero, and nostalgia for missed opportunities, which brings closer to the text the view that the diarist himself might have, upon re-reading his/her notes. Consideration of the forms of diary publication on the Internet, which sought to create “a living reading” and assumed a reading model fundamentally different from that of a printed book, allows us to pay attention to other aspects of the reader’s perception of someone else’s personal diary, conditioned by the specifics of the media and everyday practices. Analysis of the image of Pepys himself, of his text, and of the past in general as they appear in the comments of the users of both projects touches upon three main aspects — the influence of media on the perception of the narrative, the framing of the text being read, and the inclusion of the diary in the reader’s everyday life. The comparison of the two projects, which reveals, in full correspondence with Marshall McLuhan’s idea of “the medium is the message”, a significant difference in the perception of the same text, problematizes the already criticized genre definition of the diary and its characteristics. Users’ comments allow us to speak not only about other mechanisms of forming a sense of privacy and closeness to the author, which are considered to be among the most important for defining the private diary genre, but also regarding the issue of privacy: in certain practices of reading personal diaries the angle of “peeping” can change into its opposite — the diary’s interference in the private life of the reader.
ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI DENGAN METODE JOB ORDER COSTING SEBAGAI DASAR PENENTUAN HARGA JUAL (STUDI KASUS MEUBEL NAFIR DESIGN KUTA BADUNG BALI)

This study aims (1) to describe the mechanism for calculating the cost of production at Furniture Nafir Design Kuta Badung (2) to describe the analysis of calculating the cost of production using the Job Order Costing method at Furniture Nafir Design Kuta Badung. The method that researchers used in data collection. the result of this field research which were not contaminated from the opinions or ideas of researchers include discussions on approaches and types of research, presence of researchers, research locations, data sources, data collection techniques, data analysis techniques, techniques for checking the validity of data, and research stages conducted by researchers in conducting research. The conclusions in this study (1) in calculating the cost of production of Furniture Nafir Design still uses simple (traditional) calculations, namely only calculating raw material costs, labor costs, and factory overhead costs which only charge electricity and telephone costs. Furniture Nafir Design also did not calculate in detail the costs that should have been charged to factory overhead costs, resulting in inaccurate calculations and discrepancies with calculations using the Job Order Costing method. The difference for photo frame products is Rp. 110,307 and for mirror frame products is Rp. 156,112. (2) The calculation of the cost of production using the Job Order Costing method is more appropriate to be applied to Furniture Nafir Design Kuta Badung because the calculation of the cost of production using the Job Order Costing method is more accurate and detailed. By using the Job Order Costing method, costs that should be charged can be calculated into the calculation of the cost of production, so that it can be easier to make decisions in determining prices for products ordered by consumers
Introducing english vocabulary to young learners through flashcards: evidence from Indonesian elementary school teachers

Introducing English vocabulary to young learners, particularly those in elementary schools is crucial. The present study aims to introduce English vocabulary for elementary school students by using flashcard media viewed from the elementary school teachers’ perspectives. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with three teachers at elementary schools in Indonesia. In analyzing the data, we used several procedures consisting of listening to recorded interviews, conducting interview transcripts by reading the interview results to gain an understanding of data about digital-based mosques, interpreting data from the words of sources, and checking the accuracy of data from sources. To ensure data validity, we used source triangulation by matching data from both sources. The results revealed that flashcards could be used as a medium to introduce English vocabulary among elementary school students. In addition, it helps them comprehend and memorize English vocabulary. Interestingly, they felt enthusiastic about learning English using flashcards. The implication of the study was discussed.
ORGANIZATION AND HOLDING OF SCIENCE SCHOOLS FOR STUDENTS AT SURGUT STATE UNIVERSITY

The relevance of the article is due to the need of organizing students’ research activities in teams, unions and science clubs. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the need for organization and holding students’ science schools for their efficient interaction and involvement in the research, innovation and educational activities in order to evolve, foster and support the talented youth. In the article, the authors clarified the following concepts: “a students’ science school of Sur-gut State University” and “a scientific union of Surgut State University students”. They studied and summed up experience of organizing and running science schools for students at different universities of Russia. Both in theory and in practice the authors demonstrated how students were attracted for participation in winter and summer science schools of Surgut State University.
GMDA: GCN-Based Multi-Modal Domain Adaptation for Real-Time Disaster Detection

Nowadays, with the rapid expansion of social media as a means of quick communication, real-time disaster information is widely disseminated through these platforms. Determining which real-time and multi-modal disaster information can effectively support humanitarian aid has become a major challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel end-to-end model, named GCN-based Multi-modal Domain Adaptation (GMDA), which consists of three essential modules: the GCN-based feature extraction module, the attention-based fusion module and the MMD domain adaptation module. The GCN-based feature extraction module integrates text and image representations through GCNs, while the attention-based fusion module then merges these multi-modal representations using an attention mechanism. Finally, the MMD domain adaptation module is utilized to alleviate the dependence of GMDA on source domain events by computing the maximum mean discrepancy across domains. Our proposed model has been extensively evaluated and has shown superior performance compared to state-of-the-art multi-modal domain adaptation models in terms of F1 score and variance stability.
THE INTEGRATION OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING IN FOSTERED ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OF SIMALUNGUN UNIVERSITY

Abstract: This research is aimed at analyzing the integration of the cooperative learning model into English language learning, which was done at fostered elementary school of Simalungun University. The method of the study used was a quasi-experimental research method with a post-test-only control group design. The population of this study was all elementary school learners assisted by Simalungun University in Siantar City, with as many as 232 people. The research sample chosen was 70 learners, determined by using random sampling. The researcher used a lottery system to appoint the experimental and control classes. Based on the lottery system that was carried out, it was found that class IV of school X served as the experimental group and class IV Class Y as the control group. The instrument of the research was two sets of previously validated questionnaires. The data technique analysis used was statistical analysis. The result of the study is that the motivation and learning outcomes of learners following the NHT cooperative learning model were higher than learners following the conventional learning model. It is concluded that NHT cooperative learning model has a positive effect on increasing achievement motivation and English learning outcomes for learners of class IV at Y and X Schools both separately and simultaneously.Keywords: Cooperative learning; learning english; number head together