Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Utilising Public Health Flexibilities in the Era of COVID-19: An Analysis of Intellectual Property Regulation in the OAPI and MENA Regions

The paper explores the unique approaches to IP protection in the countries belonging to the Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle/African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI) and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions; the limited extent to which legal and policy frameworks with regard to TRIPS flexibilities have been adopted and implemented in pursuit of access to medicines in those countries; and makes recommendations in order to optimise the use of the flexibilities in advancing public health objectives. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of IP rights on access, and some approaches to countering the challenges to access are also discussed.
TO THE PROBLEM OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES OF ENGLISH TEACHERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE WORK

The high need for research competence of foreign language teachers has become more relevant in the context of distance learning. The problem has put forward a number of important issues, the solution of which largely depends on training foreign languages (FL) teachers at universities to use information communication technologies (ICT) in the research process. In this regard, it is necessary, to pay attention to motivation and identification of the problems in formation of this competence. The following methods were used to assess the readiness to teachers’ research activity: axiological, emotional-motivational, cognitive, behavioral and control- evaluative. The article examines the importance of research skills as the type of skills that contribute to the development of the cognitive and creative orientation of the teacher's personality. The paper presents the main problems associated with the formation and development of research skills and discusses their further resolution. This article discusses the main problems and criteria for determining readiness for scientific research and ways to solve them. Key words: research competence; distance work; pedagogical conditions; research activity; motivation.
EXPERIENCE OF INNOVATIVE WORK IN GAPOU SO ‘OLYMPIC RESERVE SCHOOL NO. 1 (COLLEGE)’ IN THE FRAMEWORK OF DIGITALIZATION OF EDUCATION

The "Strategy for the Development of the Information Society in Russia for 2017-2030" affects absolutely all spheres of society, including education. Digitalization as a means of improving the quality of education. The need for continuous improvement of the level of pedagogical skills of teachers and increasing motivation to learn through the use of information technology. The experience of introducing digital resources into the educational process. Problems and a long-term work plan in the field of digitalization of educa-tion.
Proses Penanganan Fallout Kode 1030 dan 1060 pada Divisi Access Data Management di PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia

Abstract: This study aims to determine the implementation of some data fallout on the UIM data management system, to find out the causes of some data fallout on the UIM Data Management system, to know the process of working on data validation, and to find out the process of working on Feasibility. The method used in this study was qualitative and carried out several experiments in its manufacture. The results of this study are that Fallout has several codes in the form of numbers, where each code has a different meaning and handling. At the same time, data validation (Valdat) is needed to ensure that the data meets the criteria set by PT. Indonesian Telecommunications. In conclusion, this industry practice report describes several steps for dealing with Fallout and data validation (Valdat).&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Fallout Code 1030 and 1060, UIM System, Data Validation
Training and Assistance on the Use of Picture and Picture Learning Media at SDN Kedopok 2 Probolinggo

Community service is carried out to the teachers and students at SDN Kedopok 2 Probolinggo in the form of Picture and Picture training and mentoring. The purpose of this service was to improve the skills, teachers, student activities, and learning outcomes of fourth grade students of SD Negeri Kedopok 2 in science learning through the picture and picture type cooperative model. The implementation method of this service is planning, implementing, monitoring, and evaluation and recognition. The conclusion and result of this service is that through the picture and picture type cooperative model can improve teacher skills, student activities, and learning outcomes in science learning.
Smart Contracts and the 'Oracle Problem' in the Context of InsurTech

Smart contracts are associated with disintermediation and certainty. Deterministic, infallible, and unbiased code replaces unpredictable, corrupt, and biased humans. By eliminating humans from the process of performing contractual obligations, smart contracts eliminate the need to trust the other contracting party as well the need to rely on traditional intermediaries – including insurance companies. Once deployed, the code of the smart contract cannot be modified, and its execution cannot be interfered with. It is, however, necessary to distinguish facts from fiction and to acknowledge that the fulfillment of the promise of smart contracts, is premised on the ability to address multiple technical challenges. To this end, this paper disentangles the interdependencies between blockchains, smart contracts and oracles. In principle, smart contracts operate on-chain and “codify the conditions” of releasing the payout. Oracles operate outside of the blockchain, or off-chain, and provide information regarding the fulfilment of such conditions. Smart contracts are supposed to guarantee that if X occurs, the funds will be released. The challenge lies in describing X (i.e., the triggering event, which is synonymous with the release conditions) in a programming language and in determining whether they have been met, that is, whether X has occurred. To this end, the discussion focuses on the technical challenges of creating secure, and robust smart contracts and oracles that could be entrusted with automating insurance payouts. For the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that the policyholder and the insured are the same person. It is also useful to limit the discussion to parametric insurance, as the participation of a claims investigator contradicts the idea of eliminating human involvement. Traditional insurance would, by definition, require the interposition of a claims investigator, who would introduce human discretion and thus uncertainty into the compensation process.
Gamification in developing readiness for self-fulfillment in students of higher educational institutions

The aim of the article is to study the peculiarities of the issue of gamification when developing readiness for self-fulfillment in students of higher educational institutions (HEIs) in the course of education.Methods.The research involved testing, factor analysis, and statistical data processing.The following research methods were used: the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being (RPWB); the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI).Reliability of tools and methods was determined using Cronbach's α.Statistical data were processed using Spearman's correlation coefficient and Fisher's test.Results.The following results were obtained during the research.The Self-acceptance Scale has the lowest arithmetic mean, which is also within the lower manifestation limit.There are no high indicators on this scale.The largest share of the sample -61.25% -has a medium self-acceptance level, of which 32.5% are students of the experimental group (EG), and 28.75% are students of the control group (CG).Conclusions.Based on the obtained data, it is possible to unequivocally assert the effectiveness of gamification in developing students' readiness for self-fulfillment.Prospects.It is necessary to continue the search for effective means of developing readiness for self-fulfillment in order to take into account the individual characteristics of each student.
Literacy Training to Increase Students Reading Interest in Gending II State Elementary School

The School Literacy Movement has an important role in increasing students' interest in reading, so we took the initiative to serve the school so that it can increase student interest in reading which is starting to decline. The method we use is a service method where the main target for mentoring is fourth grade students at Gending II State Elementary School. The activity was carried out for one week, from 09 May 2022 to 20 May 2022. We re-managed the monotonous reading corner so that students are interested in reading and add reading books for students. The expected result is that students can reuse the reading corner and the school can facilitate it according to student needs.
Formal Models at the Core

The grammatical paradigm used to be a model for entire areas of cognitive science. Its primary tenet was that theories are axiomatic-like systems. A secondary tenet was that their predictions should be tested quickly and in great detail with introspective judgments. While the grammatical paradigm now often seems passé, we argue that in fact it continues to be as efficient as ever. Formal models are essential because they are explicit, highly predictive, and typically modular. They make numerous critical predictions, which must be tested efficiently; introspective judgments do just this. We further argue that the grammatical paradigm continues to be fruitful. Within linguistics, implicature theory is a recent example, with a combination of formal explicitness, modularity, and interaction with experimental work. Beyond traditional linguistics, the grammatical paradigm has proven fruitful in the study of gestures and emojis; literature ("Free Indirect Discourse"); picture semantics and comics; music and dance cognition; and even reasoning and concepts. We argue, however, that the grammatical paradigm must be adapted to contemporary cognitive science. Computational methods are essential to derive quantitative predictions from formal models (Bayesian pragmatics is an example). And data collection techniques offer an ever richer continuum of options, from introspective judgments to large-scale experiments, which makes it possible to optimize the cost/benefit ratio of the empirical methods that are chosen to test theories.
Effects of Pronunciation Training Using Automatic Speech Recognition on Pronunciation Accuracy of Korean English Language Learners

This study examined effects of pronunciation training using automatic speech recognition technology on common pronunciation errors of Korean English learners. Participants were divided into two groups. One group was given instruction and training about the use of automatic speech recognition for pronunciation practice. The other group was not given such instruction or training as a control group. A pre- and post-test experimental design was used. The treatment period was four weeks. Participants who were taught about using automatic speech recognition for pronunciation practice showed small but significant improvements in pronunciation accuracy than those who did not. In addition, automatic speech recognition was found to assist in the diagnostic evaluation of common pronunciation errors, although it did not produce statistically significant improvements. Participants responded positively to the use of automatic speech recognition for pronunciation practice and testing, although there remain some concerns over technical aspects of the test.
Filter Validation for Detecting Outliers of Photoplethysmograph Data

Outliers are abnormal data in a distribution of data. Outlier data handling is critical in machine learning systems because outlier data can affect the results of predictions made by machine learning. So far, the easiest way to handle outliers is by trimming or removing the data. This study applies outlier data handling to photoplethysmograph (PPG) signals. PPG signal is one method used to determine the condition of the cardiovascular system by measuring changes in blood volume in skin tissue. The wrong sampling procedure, improper tool placement on fingers, and problems with light from the surrounding environment can cause outlier problems in the PPG signal. This paper proposes an outliers detection method for PPG signals to reduce prediction bias and increase accuracy. The method used is filter one with Moving Average Filter (MAF), filter two with Slope detection, and filter three with Z-score. Applied to three machine learning which are Linear regression, SVR, and Random forest. The filter method significantly improves the accuracy of all machine learning, but Random forest has the highest accuracy of the others. The results of the accuracy before the implementation of noise detection was 75.43%. A combined filter one and two accuracy increases to 89.65%, and filter three best accuracies becomes 93.99%.
Masked Face Images Based Gender Classification using Hybrid Bat Algorithm Optimized Bagging

The face is one of the biometrics utilized to learn information from a person, such as gender. Gender classification study is expanding daily as a result of how important it is and how many other sectors, like forensics, security, business, and others, employ it. However, in order to protect themselves and stop the spread of Covid-19 during this epidemic, everyone must wear a face mask. Because many crucial facial features that help determine a person's gender are obscured by masks, using one creates an issue for the gender classification system. To obtain optimal performance outcomes, suitable hyperparameters are also required. As a result, the objective of this study is to develop a gender categorization system based on mask-covered faces utilizing a novel technique that combines several features in the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), which is then fed into the Bagging classifier.A Hybrid Bat Algorithm (HBA) is used to optimize the bagging hyperparameters. With 97% accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score values, the suggested model is demonstrated to have greater performance than before the hyperparameters were tuned using HBA.
Creating GUIs in Python for Digital Humanities Projects

In this lesson, you will use Qt Designer and Python to design and implement a simple graphical user interface and application to merge PDF files. This lesson also demonstrates how to package the application for distribution to other personal computers.
Adversarial Machine Learning Problems: Threats and Attacks

Machine Learning is being extensively used in many wide range applications, as it shows cases its technical breakthroughs.It also has proved its success by handling complex scenarios and exhibited its capabilities very close to humans or even much beyond the human ability.But, the research in recent times even prove that machine learning models are being much more helpless to various kinds of attacks, which in turn are compromising its security aspects of the models and their applications.However, these types of attacks are cautious due to their unexpected behavior of deep learning methods.In this survey, a systematic analysis of the security issues of ML majorly focusing on the existing set of attacks on ML systems, and their related defenses or the secure learning approaches and the evaluation techniques.Inspite of keenly focusing on only one type of approach or attack, this paper details about the various phases of machine learning security starting from training phase to the testing phase.Initially, this paper explains about the machine learning in the existence of the adversaries present, and the reasons behind why the machine learning can be easily attacked is analyzed.Later, the aspects with respective to machine learning security are classified into majorly five sets namely: backdoors present in the training set; theft to model; poisoning the training set; sensitive training data recovery; adversarial example attacks.Also, the threat models, various approaches to attack and the defense methods are analyzed.
“Most ‘evidence’ that people post has nothing to do with ‘clean’ eating”

Abstract This chapter analyzes one online discussion thread focused on the topic of “clean eating.” It demonstrates how intertextual linking strategies facilitate engagement in two interconnected metadiscursive activities: problematizing and defining meanings of words (especially “clean”) and negotiating the appropriateness of specific posts and kinds of posts to the thread. Strategies identified include quotation marks, the boards’ quotation function, repetition of words from and paraphrase of other posts, deictic pronouns, and symbols. Also included are evaluations of language using adjectives and speech act labels, speech acts that are directed toward discourse and discourse producers, and image-based resources such as emojis and GIFs. The chapter shows how participants take advantage of medium and language affordances to grapple with a key term, and to simultaneously negotiate what constitutes a productive and appropriate contribution to this particular thread, and in relation to the wider community guidelines regarding civil dialogue.
A study on Japanese newspaper headlines: Focusing on headlines ending with Japanese particles

This paper explores the semantic features of newspaper headlines ending with Japanese particles.BR In this paper, I review several problems of previous researches, and analyze headlines ending with Japanese particles to discover differences between various headlines of Japanese newspapers.BR I investigate the function of each Japanese particles appearing in various articles (general news, politics, science and IT, entertainment, sports, column, and editorial) of the Japanese newspaper YOMIURISHIMBUN (https://www.yomiuri.co.jp). Also, I show that the function of each Japanese particle changes depending on the genre of the article and other elements such as nouns and hidden verbs. Furthermore, I suggest that headlines of editorial pages ending with ‘o’ and ‘ni’ have effects reflecting the writer’s opinion to unspecified readers.
Study of the experiences of text comment communication on academic writing: With a focus on the reviewers’ narrative of concerning experiences

본 연구의 목적은 문장 검토에 관하여 코멘트를 주고받는 커뮤니케이션 (이하 ‘문장 검토 커뮤니케이션’이라 함)의 경험을 연구하기 위한 시점을 모색하는 것이다. 본고에서는 학술적 문장에 대한 ‘문장 검토 커뮤니케이션"의 경험에 초점을 두어 그 경험을 반구조화 인터뷰를 통해 조사했다. 특히 코멘트하는 주체(이하 ‘코멘트 주체"라 함)의 경험을 중심적으로 다루어 ‘코멘트에 관한 표현, 이해 등의 커뮤니케이션이 잘 이루어지지 않아, 어딘가 마음에 걸리는 경험이 되어, 신경 쓰이는 경험’(이하 ‘신경 쓰이는 경험’이라 함)이 언급된 부분에 주목했다. 본고에서는 특히 ‘깊은 이야기’를 한 3명의 조사 협력자의 인터뷰 내용을 대상으로, 어떤 요인이 ‘신경 쓰이는 경험"으로 이어지는지를 질적연구 입장에서 분석했다. 연구 결과 ‘신경 쓰이는 경험"의 요인의 기저에 커뮤니케이션 장면을 넘는 요소가 있는 것이 제시되었다. 구체적으로는 ‘문장 검토 커뮤니케이션"에 대한 생각과 신념 등 개인의 내면적 요소가 관련이 있는 결과가 제시되었다. 이 결과 ‘문장 검토 커뮤니케이션"의 경험을 연구함에 있어서는 개인의 내면적 요소와 같은 시점도 포함하여 분석할 필요성이 시사되었다. 이러한 연구성과를 토대로 여러 ‘문장 검토 커뮤니케이션" 장면의 이해를 높여 학술적 문장의 지도가 이루어지는 대학 및 대학원 등의 고등교육기관의 일본어 교육으로 환원되는 것을 목표로 한다. The present study aims to explore perspectives for capturing the experience of communication for the exchange of feedback on academic writing (hereinafter “text comment communication”). This paper captures the experience of text comment communication through semi-structured interviews. In particular, this paper focuses on the narratives of persons who provided comments (hereinafter “reviewers”) of their experiences of becoming worried or concerned as a result of miscommunication (hereinafter “concerning experiences”). This paper reports the results of qualitative analysis of the narratives of three participants who provided particularly “deep narratives”, in order to identify the factors that underlie concerning experiences. The results of the analysis revealed that factors that underlie concerning experiences exist beyond the scenes of communication. Specifically, it is shown that individuals’ internal factors such as attitudes and beliefs toward text comment communication are involved. The results suggest the need to include such internal factors as perspectives in analyses for capturing the experiences of academic writing text comment communication. Based on these results, we aim to gain a deeper understanding of various situations of text comment communication on academic writing, and apply them to Japanese language education at undergraduate and graduate schools and other higher education institutions where academic writing is taught.
A Three-Dimensional Calibration and Reconstruction Method Using Omnidirectional Cameras with Control Points of Unknown Coordinates

Three-dimensional (3-D) motion analysis is widely used in numerous fields, such as biomechanics, sports science, rehabilitation, and computer graphics. Among the available 3-D motion analysis methods, the nonlinear transformation (NLT) method, which was developed in 1982, is frequently used. The advantage of the NLT method is that the positions of the control points need not be known. Many automated motion capture systems currently utilize this method. However, as this method is based on the perspective projection of ordinary cameras, its use is limited in various situations. Because ordinary cameras have a relatively limited angle of view, they cannot cover a wide target area or be set up near the target area. In this study, we propose a method for 3-D data collection using omnidirectional cameras that can capture images of the entire celestial sphere. For the points of interest, the longitude and latitude of the celestial sphere were obtained from the image of an omnidirectional camera. The direction of the camera ray relative to the camera’s reference frame was determined by considering the polar coordinate system with the longitude and latitude. During the calibration process, the relative position and orientation of the omnidirectional cameras were determined from the images of the control points with unknown 3-D coordinates. To reconstruct the 3-D coordinates, the intersection points of the rays from the cameras were determined. We verified that the accuracy of the proposed method was comparable to that of the traditional NLT method.
A Study on the Transformation of Education Based on the Analysis of Academic Journals Related to Education in COVID-19

This paper analyzes the research trends related to education after the pandemic caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19), and examines the direction of education in Korea. First, the current status of the research size and keywords were derived through quantitative analysis of research trends. Second, the problems and alternatives of education methods in school after the pandemic were examined through major keywords and selected scholarly reviews. Third, it suggests an educational direction and establishment of a new educational ecosystem according to the altered environment. As a result, the education environment in the pandemic situation presents two major problems. One is the learning gap; it causes learning deficits which also leads to the lack of care that is needed for the learning gap. Another problem is the lack of interaction. Due to the severance of relationships, it causes various psychological and social problems as well as learning problems. Considering the suggested issues above, the main keyword for Korean education is ‘connection’. The paper will further discuss its educational direction in four dimensions as the following: ①to create a ubiquitous educational ecosystem, ②to reflect and reinforce the intrinsic value of education, ③to establish of a self-directed, creative and convergent image of talent and ④to construct the role of instructors who can be life-long education consultants or curators.