Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Practical semi-quantum key distribution with one-way key and one basis

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocols are used to distribute secret keys between a quantum party and a classical party. However, existing SQKD protocols rely on two-way communication, and may still be vulnerable to Trojan horse side-channel attacks where Eve sends her own photon into a receiver’s apparatus and measures the reflected photon to estimate the key. In this paper, we propose a practical SQKD with one-way key. This requires that the single photons travelling through the one-way channel are used to encode bit information, and the returned photons are used to quantify Eve’s information, thus reducing the security analysis of the Trojan horse attack in SQKD. Meanwhile, our protocol with one basis enjoys security advantage in practical SQKD systems when source flaws are taken into account. In particular, the present protocol is secure under practical conditions when weak coherent pulses (WCP) are used. Our simulation results show that the protocol using WCP can distribute secret keys over a distance of 110 km without decoy states.
ANALYSIS OF THEME AND RHEME ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ WRITING

The purpose of this study was to investigate the types of themes and describe the most dominant themes used in students' writing. The data used were from 5 students who wrote on the subject of writing introductory paragraphs and the data were analyzed based on Halliday &amp; Matthiessen's MA K Theory (2014). This research was conducted using a discourse analysis. Data collection is done by observation and document study. Data was collected from the writings of the first semester at Majalengka University. The research found various themes: topical, textual, interpersonal, marked and unsigned themes. And the most dominant type of theme is characterized by topical themes and themes. Patterns of theme realization were found in students writing texts namely topical themes, textual-topical themes and interpersonal-topical themes. Meanwhile, only a few topical-textual interpersonal. The students use most of the topic clauses as themes starting with a word or phrase that functions as a subject and addition. All types of themes are used in writing student texts, except interpersonal themes (addition of vocative, addition of modals and limited verbal operators) and some textual themes (addition continues and continues). Therefore, in the Theme-Rheme structure of a text clause by clause, to gain insight into its texture and how the writer clarifies the nature of the fixing that completes it.
Analysis of Students' Errors in Using Simple Past Tense in Writing Recount Text at Senior High School Indramayu

Writing is one of the skills in English which is quite difficult to master because writing is a thinking activity or thought process that we put into the form of text or sentences. The definition is also supported by Harris (2014), who stated that writing is an activity of thinking to find or put ideas, concepts, and feelings that are expressed through writing in the form of sentences or paragraphs with the aim of readers understanding the intent and purpose of the author. This research was conducted to find out the errors that appeared in students' writing, especially in recount text. This research was carried out using a qualitative method which used document instruments from the results of students' writing on recount texts. Then, from the results of the documents written by the students, the researchers examined them to find out what errors often appeared in student writing, especially in recount texts. The results of this study show that errors in students' writing include omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. Then the results of this study also show that the most frequent errors in student writing are misformation with a total of 177 errors, the second is misordering errors with a total of 17, the third is omission errors with a total of 8, and the last is addition errors with a total of 4. The results of this study provide significant results for teachers and especially students. A significant research result for teachers is being able to provide evaluations of their teaching methods to students to provide more effective methods. Then the results of this study provide evaluations to students on how they do something, especially in writing activities.
the used code mixing and code switching by students in classroom interaction

Despite several researches have been conducted to investigate the issue of code-switching and code mixing, the findings of this research are significant as they can assist both students and teachers to consider the use of code-switching and code mixing in classroom interaction, specifically in Indonesia. The aim of this research 1) to classify the type of code mixing and code switching that used by student in classroom interaction, 2) to interpret the function of code mixing and code switching that used by student in classroom interaction. This research employed descriptive qualitative method. Data collection instruments were the observation and interview. The data of type of code mixing were analyzed based on Hoffman’s theory, namely intra-sentential code mixing, intralexical code mixing and involving a change of pronunciation. The data of type of code switching were analyzed based on Poplack’s theory, namely inter-sentential switching, intra-sentential switching and tag switching. The most common used is inter-sentential switching and intra sential switching. The functions of code mixing and code switching were analyzed by Marsigan’s theory, namely, quotation, addressee specification, repetition, interjection, message qualification, personalization and objectivization, and facility of expression. The most usually function is facility of expression.
Effectiveness of Mingle Game to Develop Students' Speaking Skills at SMPN 1 Indramayu

People need to talk to communicate with others by sharing their thoughts, ideas and feelings. Speaking is one of the most important language skills in learning English. Unfortunately, students find it difficult to express what they think using English including inhibition, inability to speak, low or uneven participation, and excessive use of mother tongue. Therefore, one of the games that can be used to teach speaking is the Mingle game. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the mingle game in developing students' speaking skills. This research used a quantitative design.
Student’s Personalities on Speaking Achievement in English Education Department:

Abstract: The aim of this research is to find out if is there a significant difference between students with extrovert and introvert personalities speaking achievement in English Education Department. The design of this study was quantitative comparative research method. The population of this research was the English Students Department at Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon, and the sample of this research was the Fourth and Second Semesters. The instruments of the study were questionnaire and assignment In analyzing the data of the study, the researcher used Independent sample T-test in SPSS 26.0 for windows. In this study, the Independent Sample T-test was showed the value of Sig.(2-tailed) = 0.133 &gt; 0.05. This means that the sig (2-tailed) value is higher than 0.05. And the result of the T-table was t value is 1,603 &lt; the table t value is 2,228. This means the t value is lower than the t table. Based on the T-test and T-table, can be concluded that there is no significant differences between students with extroverted and introverted personality in speaking achievement. This study showed that there is no significant difference in speaking achievement between students with extroverted and introverted personalities.
Student Digital Literacy: A Mini Research in 3rd grades of English Study Program IKIP PGRI Bojonegoro

Digital literacy is an ability to understand and use information from various digital sources. This includes not only reading skills, but also being able to think critically and evaluate information found in digital media. Literacy has an important role as a basis for life increasing knowledge and skills in the community as well as adequate digital literacy are also needed by the community as a guideline using digital technology. The purpose of this research is to increase knowledge in understanding and applying digital literacy, especially in learning English, and to improve character effectively. The method used is classroom action research. The research results refer to the answers from the plans that have been made. Starting from identifying problems, analyzing, formulating actions, planning and implementing to processing data and reporting. The data will be a guideline regarding how to implement digital literacy, especially in English and is reflective in order to improve or increase digital literacy skills.
Enhanced performances of photonic reservoir computing using a semiconductor laser with random distributed optical feedback

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a photonic time-delay reservoir computing (TDRC) system with random distributed optical feedback under optical injection. To evaluate the performance, we calculate the memory ability and perform two benchmark tasks, i.e., chaotic time series prediction and nonlinear channel equalization task. Our numerical results show that the proposed TDRC has a superior performance compared with the case with conventional single optical feedback. This is attributed to the fact that the random distributed optical feedback offers multiple external cavity modes, which enhance the nonlinearity of the reservoir laser. Additionally, the experimental result also shows that our proposed TDRC scheme outperforms the computer with single optical feedback in the chaotic time series prediction task. To the best of our knowledge, our work offers a novel path to improve the performance of TDRC by introducing random distributed optical feedback.
Obfuscation Padding Schemes that Minimize Rényi Min-Entropy for Privacy

Consider a set of users, each of which is choosing and downloading one file out of a central pool of public files, and an attacker that observes the download size for each user to identify the choice of each user. This paper studies the problem of padding the files to obfuscate the exact file sizes and minimize the expected accuracy of the attacker, without exceeding some given padding constraints. We derive the algorithm that finds the optimal padding scheme, prove its correctness, and compare it with an existing solution that uses a similar but different attack model. We also discuss how the two solutions are related in terms of private information leakage.
EFFECT OF FE3O4/SIO2/TIO2 PHOTOCATALYST ON POLLUTANT MANAGEMENT IN SWAMP WATER

Water is an essential source of life, thus regulating its purity is critical in daily living. Water has a high acid content (pH) and contains a variety of harmful chemical elements such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), sulphate (SO4), nitrate (NO3), chloride (Cl), and other dangerous bacteria. The goal of this research is to create wastewater management such that it can be used by the community. The process involves creating Fe3O4 catalysts that have been modified using SiO2 and TiO2. The application of dirty water employs Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 to bind contaminants in polluted water. The results of the photocatalyst process carried out by Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 reach 90% in 180 minutes of UV light irritation so that it can degrade water pollutants such as methylene orange.
IMPROVE STUDENTS' ENGLISH VOCABULARY WITH THE MEMRISE MOBILE APPLICATION

Developing learner’s vocabulary is one of the most important keys to learning English because vocabulary is the foundation of learning English. With Internet, students have many opportunities to use online tools to apply advanced skills and expand their vocabulary. Recently, with the proliferation of devices, the possibility of Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) is being considered. This research is based on Mnemonics, a vocabulary building application. The authors also investigated changes in the vocabulary levels of English learners in foreign language schools and their attitudes towards using the mobile app to improve their vocabulary. Additionally, our research shows how students rate the quality of their apps. Furthermore, the article provides specific advice on using her Memrise for students with different levels of English.
IMPROVING VOCABULARY LEARNING WITH MEMRISE MOBILE APPLICATION FOR STUDENTS IN VIETNAM

In English study, vocabulary is the backbone of English so that improving vocabulary is also one of the most essential keys to learning English well. Thanks to the Internet, students now have many opportunities to take advantage of advanced technology to improve their vocabulary, one of which is making use of online tools. This research looks at the use of Memrise, an application designed for improving vocabulary. The authors also investigate the changes in vocabulary level and attitudes of English of students in the University of Foreign Studies, the University of Danang, Vietnam toward applying this mobile application in improving their vocabulary. Furthermore, the study’s results indicate how the students rate the quality of the application. More importantly, this paper gives specific suggestions for using Memrise for learners with different levels of English.
Multi-Level Text Importance Classification Architecture Based on Deep Learning

In the era of information explosion, the Internet is full of spam and false information, making it more difficult for people to obtain effective information. Since text data is the main carrier for disseminating information and knowledge, we propose a multi-level text importance classification architecture based on deep learning to enable Internet users to quickly and accurately access text content of interest. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed architecture can achieve a good performance.
Misplaced Trust: The Security Flaw in Modern Code Signing Process

Modern code signing systems are foundational building blocks to securing our software supply chain. Therefore, ensuring the security of these code signing systems and Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines is paramount. This paper highlights the security risks with current code signing systems with a relevant case study of the Solarwinds attack and recommends best practices to mitigate such risks.
An Efficient Incentive Mechanism for Federated Learning in Vehicular Networks

As a novel machine learning technique, the promising performance of Federated Learning (FL) paradigms has been well recognized. However, the incentive issue for this framework is still under-explored. Many existing incentive mechanisms are computationally complex and result in increased communication overhead, making them unsuitable for Vehicular Networks. To address this issue, we propose a simple yet efficient incentive mechanism that identifies agents with high-quality resources and motivates them to behave actively in the learning process, such that the final aggregated model is accurate, with a reduced network overhead. Especially, the specific requirements of end-users and the uniqueness of raw data are considered. Our evaluations on both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that the clustering accuracy can be slightly improved (by around 2%), while the network overhead can be decreased by up to 70%, and the convergence time can be reduced by up to 9%.
Sculptor merges engineering and art to conjure connections among people and nature

The noninteractive zero-knowledge proof (NIZKP) is underlying a broad spectrum of applications. The major categories of NIZKP are instantiated with deterministic hash functions in the real world. However, the outputs of deterministic hash ...Zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) is a fundamental cryptographic primitive that allows a prover to convince a verifier of the validity of a statement without leaking any further information. As an efficient variant of ZKP, noninteractive zero-knowledge proof (...
Optimization deep learning with rough set approach model classification Otitis

&lt;span&gt;Otitis is a disease that occurs in the middle ear in the form of inflammation. This research aims to develop an analysis model for the classification of Otitis disease based on knowledge patterns based on symptoms and type of disease. The analysis methods used include the performance of the certainty factor (CF), rough set (RS), artificial neural network (ANN), and decision tree (DT) methods. CF and RS performance can be used to generate classification rule patterns. These rule patterns become new knowledge in the classification analysis process using the concept of deep learning (DL). DL analysis with ANN and DT performance can work optimally in exploring and discovering hidden knowledge. Based on the results of performance testing, the combination of CF and RS in preprocessing can present a classification pattern of 106 rules. The output of DL analysis results is proven to produce precise and accurate classification results with an accuracy of 89%. Based on these results, the analytical model developed was proven to be effective in classifying Otitis disease. Not only that, this research is also able to contribute to updating the knowledge-based system in the classification process.&lt;/span&gt;
Exploring the potential of skeleton and machine learning in classroom cheating detection

&lt;p&gt;In recent years, there have been certain drawbacks in the behavior of students in school cultural activities, especially the frequent occurrence of cheating in exams. Although many manual cheating detection methods have been applied, cheating behaviors have become increasingly sophisticated and difficult to detect. This makes manual cheating detection methods unable to completely prevent cheating in exams. Therefore, applying advanced technologies to automatically detect cheating cases becomes necessary to help supervisors better control the exam process. In this study, we propose a model architecture to monitor students’ cheating activities during exams. Firstly, we apply YOLO - Pose to detect skeleton keypoints, which are then passed through machine learning models such as support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT) classifier, random forest (RF), extreme gradient bo osting (XGBoost), and propose the Ac Long short - term memory (LSTM) to detect cheating behavior. The experimental results show the feasibility of the model on various metrics. The model is tested on a dataset of cheating behaviors in the classroom, which is designed to simulate paper - based exams. Moreover, the results showed that the proposed method can detect cheating behavior in a short amount of time and can be deployed for real - world applications.&lt;/p&gt;
Optimal capacity threshold for reversible watermarking using score function

&lt;span&gt;Histogram shifting is an important technique of reversible watermarking, which can embed large payloads into digital images with low distortion. The technique must determine two threshold values to achieve the lowest possible distortion. Appropriate threshold values might be found by iterative methods, but it is computationally inefficient when the payloads are high and varied. In this paper, we show that the optimal threshold values lie on a straight line and occur at the boundary of the payload-satisfying region. Moreover, we propose a high performance algorithm to approximate the optimal threshold values. Under the same image quality, experimental results indicate that the proposed scheme could get closer threshold values to the optimal threshold values, compared to previous work. Therefore, it requires a smaller number of iterations to obtain the desirable threshold values.&lt;/span&gt;
Systematic literature review on global software development based software cost estimation models and cost drivers

&lt;p&gt;Global software development (GSD) is a well - established discipline of software engineering that focuses on the advantage of a global environment. Effective cost estimation is critical for the success of GSD projects. Cost estimation in a GSD environment is a challenging task. As a re sult, GSD must emphasize cost estimation. Findings show that a number of researchers over the past few decades have emphasized GSD - based cost estimation in GSD; to the best of our knowledge, however, existing cost estimation have not taken into account man y GSD - based cost drivers that must be considered when estimating costs. Motivated by all this, the purpose of this study is to review the existing GSD - based cost estimation models/techniques and cost drivers that influence the accuracy of cost estimation. To identify and compile relevant research papers, a systematic literature review was carried out. From twenty - seven selected studies, initially, 86 GSD - based cost drivers and 12 GSD - based cost estimation models/techniques were extracted. After filtration, 26 cost drivers were identified as significant and to be considered in GSD - based cost estimation. This study significantly identifies GSD - based cost drivers and existing cost estimation techniques.&lt;/p&gt;
The Relation Between the Organizational Media Performance and Public Perception In Dubai

This research focuses on social media management strategies for public perception in Dubai. The study fills the gaps and enables this study in Dubai in the media organizations and their impact on public perception in Dubai between the context of the existing evidence and its practical applications. This study aims to assess the impact of social media management tools on public perception in Dubai, to study the effects of social media goles on public perception in Dubai, and to measure the impact of using multiple platforms on public perception in Dubai. Keywords : Organizational Media Performance , social media management tools , Public Perception
Reading Anxiety Experienced by Senior High School Students (A Case Study in the Senior High School 1 Ciawigebang)

This paper aims to find out the level of reading anxieties experienced by senior high school students andto identify the major factors that influence anxieties experienced by the students. Mix method research design was applied in this research. There are 36 students employed in this research. The data were collected through questionnaire and interview. The data were analyzed within two phases, the first is quantitatively in order to find out the level of reading anxiety experienced by senior high school student and the second is qualitatively in order to identify the major factor triggering the reading anxiety. The results of the research reveals that level reading anxiety is in high level with score 68.08. The result also shows that students experienced high level of anxiety in all category, namely worry about effect (71.85), fear of making error (60.69), unfamiliar culture (70.42), unfamiliar topic (62.5), unknown vocabulary (70.28) which all category is in the high level. Thus, the major factor triggering reading anxiety experienced by senior high school students is worry about effect.