Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Digital and 21st Century Competences: Challenges and Difficulties in The Teaching and Learning of Mathematics by Ecuadorian Teachers

The objective of the study is to identify the challenges and difficulties faced by Ecuadorian Teachers in the implementation of GeoGebra as a didactic resource for the teaching and learning of mathematics.The research is framed in a mixed exploratory sequence approach with a population of 832 teachers who were trained by the Ecuadorian Institute of GeoGebra (IEG) at the National University of Education in the period 2017-2020.The sampling was non-random conformed by N=144 teachers, who answered the online questionnaire.The instruments were the 32-item questionnaire grouped into three parts: (1) sociodemographic aspect, (2) difficulties in implementing GeoGebra in the classroom, (3) challenges of implementing GeoGebra rated on a Likert scale, and (4) open-ended questions about the advantages and disadvantages of using GeoGebra in the teaching and learning of mathematics.Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed with SPSS and ATLAS.ti.The results show that the difficulties that teachers have faced in the implementation of GeoGebra in the classroom is the digital gap existing in the 21st century through lack of access to technological equipment (87.5%), followed by the lack of training in the use of GeoGebra (79.1%).The advantages of using GeoGebra respond to the potential of using GeoGebra in the teaching and learning of mathematics, which are linked to the dynamic, innovative, interactive and user-friendly tool.
A framework to implement augmented reality based on BIM to improve operation and maintenance of mechanical facilities of commercial complexes

Purpose The mechanical facilities of large-scale buildings have many complexities, so facility management (FM) encounters a massive amount of information during the operation, and inspection is not implemented efficiently. This study aims to integrate building information modeling (BIM), augmented reality (AR) and sensors to mitigate the operation and maintenance (O&amp;M) problems of mechanical facilities by establishing intelligent management. Design/methodology/approach The component-level data of an under-construction commercial complex were implemented in a 3D model in Autodesk Revit and Navisworks. Then, sensors were installed in mechanical facilities to provide vital online information for the model. Moreover, Unity was used on Vuforia for the AR visualization of the devices. Findings It was found that FM not only could obtain building information but can also visualize the functioning of mechanical facilities online through a 3D model in BIM. Thus, in the case of a failure, the AR platform is used on tablets, smartphones and smart glasses to show the technician how mechanical facilities can be repaired and maintained. Originality/value Previous studies focused on some factors and processes to improve mechanical FM and did not cover the entire aspect. However, this method reduces the average maintenance time, extends the lives of mechanical devices and prevents unpredicted failures.
Detection of Object-Based Forgery in Surveillance Videos Utilizing Motion Residual and Deep Learning

In recent years, video surveillance plays an important role in security applications as well as legal sectors. For example, CCTV footage can be submitted as evidence of a crime scene in a courtroom. However, the recorded video footage can be manipulated, for example, an object can be removed from a video through low-cost and easily available video editing tools. Any sensitive surveillance video should be verified before being accepted as a piece of evidence of events/circumstances. In this paper, we present a motion residual and Deep Learning based forensic approach to identify object-based forged frames in surveillance videos. Firstly, the motion residuals are computed from the videos sequences to extract the video forgery footprints, which are generated due to the manipulation operations. Secondly, the computed motion residuals are fed to VGG-16 network for detecting authentic and forged frames in a surveillance video.
PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION IN HIGHER EDUCATION - BULGARIA’S EXPERIENCE

This paper examines several topical issues related to personal data protection in the field of higher education.The applicable European acts and the respective national laws and regulations in the Bulgarian legislation have been studied.The authors set out to explore the specifics of personal data protection and the obligations of universities as data controllers.The subject of study is relevant due to the ongoing processes of digitization in education and the associated increased risk with corresponding responsibility for data protection.The grounds for collecting, processing and storing personal data, the principles and categories of data processed by higher education institutions have all been analysed.As a result of the analysis, certain conclusions and summarisations of theoretical and practical significance have been put forward.
Returning Foreign Students Who Dropped Out A Case Study on Studying in Korea

This study is to analyze the meaning of studying in Korea for foreign students who drop out after returning to their home country. To this end, the experience of studying in Korea was qualitatively explored for 7 foreign students who came to Korea to study but quit their studies midway and returned to their home country. In particular, in order to understand in depth the personal experience, meaning, and importance of foreign students studying in Korea, the study was divided into the preparation process for studying in Korea, life in Korea, dropout, and current life after returning. In addition, an in-depth analysis was conducted on how to utilize the capital for studying in Korea in their own countries after returning. As a result, 'Korean Wave and advanced Korea' in preparation for studying in Korea, 'accumulation and awareness of experience' in studying in Korea, 'maladjustment and COVID-19' in dropout, and 'study abroad capital and transformative learning' in current life after returning was able to derive. This study expands on previous studies focusing on the dropout factors of foreign language students to investigate the dropout factors of foreign language students.
Practical Model of Korean Class for cultivating Academic Literacy - Improving critical thinking skills through the practice of argumentation -

This study aimed to provide a classroom model for improving critical thinking skills through the practice of argumentation to cultivate foreign students’ academic literacy. In the first stage, learners analyzed argument texts and identified grounds of the arguments they agreed with. In the second stage. learners located and refuted logical loopholes in argument texts. In the third stage, learners planned, participated in, and evaluated debates using their own knowledge and information from materials they searched for. The survey questionnaire conducted after class revealed learners thought their argumentation abilities had improved. Consequently, learners can critically analyze, select, and use data through the practice of argumentation. Through the transition of their roles from readers who were the recipients of information to presenters and debaters who were producers of information, learners experienced acceptance and production of knowledge; this is expected to help cultivate academic literacy. This study contributes to academic literacy by designing class activities of argumentation.
An exploration of kindergarten’s organizational cultures experienced by private kindergarten teachers

본 연구는 사립유치원 교사가 경험한 유치원 조직문화를 탐구하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구대상은 서울에 위치한 사립유치원에 종사하고 있는 유아교사 7명으로 2개월간 심층면담을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 사립유치원 교사가 경험한 조직문화의 표면적 특성으로는 ‘위계질서의 조직문화’, ‘협력적 조직문화’, ‘친밀한 관계적 조직문화’로 나타났다. 둘째, 사립유치원 교사가 경험하는 교직문화의 내재적 특성으로는 ‘주체적인 조직문화’, ‘침묵의 조직문화’, ‘집단적 조직문화’로 나타났다. 셋째, 부정적 조직문화 해소를 위한 개선방안으로는 교사 개인적 측면으로 ‘비판적 사고를 통한 의식 변화하기’, ‘주체자로서의 자신의 목소리 내기’, ‘능동적인 분위기와 환경 조성하기’로 나타났다. 사회·정책적 측면으로는 ‘조직문화와 관련한 연수 활성화하기’, ‘교사공동체 형성하기’, ‘교사의 전문성 신장하기’로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 사립유치원 교사의 조직문화의 특성을 이해하고 교사의 행복한 교직생활을 보장받기를 바란다.The purpose of this study is to explore kindergartens’ organizational cultures experienced by private kindergarten teachers. The subjects were seven early childhood teachers who worked at a private kindergarten located in Seoul and a two-week in-depth interview session was conducted for them. The results of the study are as follows: Firstly, the extrinsic characteristics of organizational cultures experienced by private kindergarten teachers included ‘hierarchical’, ‘collaborative’, and ‘intimate’ organizational cultures. Secondly, the intrinsic characteristics of teaching cultures organizational cultures. Thirdly, improvement measures for resolving negative organizational cultures were ‘changing perceptions through critical thinking', ‘raising one's own voice as a main agent', and ‘creating an active atmosphere and environment’, ‘facilitating organizational culture-related training', ‘forming a teachers’ community', and ‘enhancing teachers' expertise.’ The study is likely to help private kindergarten teachers to understand the characteristics of their organizational cultures and ensure a happy teaching careers.
An Essay of Investigation about Manseong Park Chibok’s Literary Collection: Centering on Comparison of First Edition and Republished Book

Manseong Park Chibok was a literary figure and scholar of the late Joseon period who, although not yet well known to the academic world, but now he leaves two types of literary collections. Comparing his two literary works, there is a considerable difference. This difference is due to the deletion and arrangement of the poems and sentences contained in the first edition book while bringing out the republished book. In a sentence, the difference between the first edition and the republished book can be divided into the cases where a sentence of a type not included in the first edition is included in the republished book, the sentence of the first edition is more than the republished book, and the sentence of the republished book is more than the first edition. This difference is also evident in the poetry. In the case of poem, the first edition is more than the republished book in the total number of works, but a poem not to be included in the first edition in the republished book has, so it is necessary to pay attention to comparison and review. In particular, in the case of series poem, a few poems have been deleted from some works in the first edition, so they should be carefully examined. The phenomenon found in Park Chibok's literary collection can be seen not only in his literary collection but also in most of the literary collections published in Korea in the pre-modern period. However, the difference between the series poem in the first edition and republished book shows that the person who leaves both the first edition and the republished book needs to be more cautious in his approach to the literary collection, and the literary capacity of the person who is responsible for correction or compilation in the publication of the republished book should be reviewed.
A Study on Critical Reading of the Book of History's 《luogao》 by Lee Kwangsa

The most important key and starting point of Wongyo Lee Kwangsa’s interpretation of 《luogao》 is that the first 48 characters of 《kanggao》 are not the sentences of 《luogao》. Starting from this point of view, it is Lee's very unusual view to grasp the narrative sequence of 《kanggao》, 《shaogao》, and 《luogao》 as a series of events. The narrative of 《shaogao》 begins on February 16 and ends on March 21 of the following month. During this period, March 12th and March 14th after the beginning of 《shaogao》 is the period of 《luogao》. Also, the entire day of March 16 corresponds to the epic day of 《kanggao》. If these contents are arranged in chronological order, clearly and in the timetable of the text, the order of these can be arranged very simply. It can be evaluated that the original text was understood and critically interpreted regardless of the historical fact. Wongyo Lee Kwangsa looked at the book of history with an open, critical attitude rather than a fixed interpretation.
A Study on the Selection of Auxiliary Particles in Complex Grammar in Korean Language Education

This study aimed to investigate the auxiliary particles of complex grammar by analyzing Korean textbooks, and determining how it plays an important role in Korean grammar education. It attempted to select the auxiliary particles of complex grammar that need to be taught in Korean language education. This research examined the different kinds of complex grammar including auxiliary particles. Auxiliary particles that give meaning to the preceding sentence contain characteristics, which can be combined with other linguistic forms. Therefore, this grammatical form poses a high level of difficulty for Korean learners. Accordingly, to improve the learners’ language skills and prevent them from making errors, not only single auxiliary particles, such as ‘도’, are examined, but also complex grammar, including auxiliary particles, such as ‘-기도 하다’, are presented as research examples. Thus, this research intends to derive the characteristics of complex grammar by closely analyzing the auxiliary particles presented in six different Korean textbooks. The analysis will be beneficial in effectively educating learners and educators in complex grammar, including auxiliary particles, in the future. In addition, certain challenges identified in the current Korean textbooks will be explored, and methods to further modify and supplement these issues will be presented.
A study on developmentof model for predicting academic dropoutin foreign students - With focus on Vietnamese students in Korea -

This study aims to develop a model for predicting academic dropout among foreign students. In view of this, the factors impacting Vietnamese students’ dropout rates in Korea were explored, and machine learning was used to predict the likelihood of dropout. First, a survey was conducted to ascertain students' learning preferences. Five factors were extracted: behavior control, learning motivation, task difficulty, interaction, and self-efficacy. A predictive model with high accuracy was developed by considering these factors as independent variables and items related to dropout as dependent variables. After using logistic regression analysis and support vector machines, predictive models with over 70% accuracy were developed. This shows that the variables extracted in this study are correlated with the dropout of foreign students, while also providing evidence that the current issues with teaching and learning can be well avoided in advance. These research results indicate that it is essential to focus on managing students who are showing early signs of dropping out.
A Case Study on the Operation of Korean Education as a Foreign Language at the Kim Il-Sung University

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an instructional program in Korean language as a foreign language conducted by Kim Il-Sung University. To this end, learners who participated in the ‘Joseon Exchange Scholarship’ program between 2016-2019 were interviewed. In addition, overall course administration was analyzed. The interviews revealed that Kim Il-Sung University has three classes for Korean language education as a foreign language, two classes provide korean language education as a foreign language, and one class provides general korean language education. In addition, Korean laguage education as a foreign language focuses on ‘Conversation’, ‘Reading’, ‘Grammar’, and ‘Writing’. Satisfaction due to the lecture-only teaching method and high learning difficulty.
The Current State of and Recommendations for Korean Language Education in US K-12 Schoolsfrom the Perspective of a World LanguageKorean Teacher - Based on the Focus Group Interview -

This study aims to understand the current situation of Korean language education in American K-12 schools and to propose future objectives by interviewing World Language Korean Teachers. Focus group interviews were conducted with nine teachers in eight American states, and the findings are as follows: 1) the World Language Korean Teachers have an identity as teachers who teach Korean to achieve the educational goals of American society and local school districts among numerous non-Korean students in K-12 schools in the U.S.; 2) Korean language is fiercely competing for survival among World Language subjects, and several variables affect the set up and maintenance of classes, including regional and school specificity, Hallyu, North Korean issues, determination of principals, efforts of local Korean and private organizations, support from the Korean government, and the COVID-19 pandemic; and 3) against this background, Korean language teachers are burdened with not only classes but also curriculum design, instructional design, and educational material development. Based on the above interview results, we propose support at the Korean government level, active participation in local universities, institutions, private organizations, and academic societies in the United States, and close cooperation between the two sides.
An analysis on the “V1OV2”structures in SanGuoZhi

All the “V1OV2” structures have the semantic relationship of “actionresult” and the syntactic relationship of “action before-result after” in SanGuoZhi. These semantic and syntactic relationships meet the syntactic and semantic requirements of Complement Grammaticalization. However, due to the different collocation relationship between “V1” and “V2”, the different semantic characteristics of “V2”, the different relationship between “V2” and “O”, the grammaticalization approaches of “V1OVt”, “V1OVi” and “V1OVz” structures are also different.BR The structure of “V1OVt” is not very mature, which can be seen as a kind of Narrative-Structure or Object-Anaphora-Structure. Its grammaticalization focuses on the development of “Vt” from transitive verb to intransitive verb. The involvement of a large number of inserted components also indicates that the “V1OVi” and the “V1OVz” structure are not yet mature. Under such grammatical environments as the gradual disappearance of causative usage，the development trend of Chinese disyllabic and mass occurrence of non-motivated “VCO” structure, “V1” and “Vi” in the “V1OVi” structure and “V1” and “Vz” in the “V1OVz” structure gradually condensed into a whole, with the object “O” together. Its grammaticalization focuses on the development and change of “Vi” and “Vz” from real meaning to result meaning.
Development of Higher Education Competitiveness Index to Enhance the Competitiveness of National Universities

이 연구는 국립대학의 책무성 및 경쟁력 제고를 위해 고등교육 경쟁력을 엄밀하게 측정 가능한 정량 지표로 고등교육 경쟁력 지수를 구안하고, 구안한 고등교육 경쟁력 지수를 중심으로 대학의 고등교육 경쟁력을 분석하고, 국립대학의 경쟁력 제고 방안을 수립하는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고등교육 경쟁력 지수에 전임교원 1인당 학생 수, 학생 1인당 교육비, 교원 1인당 연구비, 재학생 충원율, 졸업생 취업률, 중도탈락률, 교원 1인당 논문 수, 대학 사회봉사 역량 등 총 8개의 경쟁력 지표를 활용하였다. 둘째, 대학 소재지, 설립유형, 규모로 그룹화하여 161개 대학의 5년간(2016년~2020년) 고등교육 경쟁력 지수를 분석한 결과 비수도권의 사립 대학 전체 규모와 수도권의 사립 중소규모 대학의 경쟁력 지수가 낮게 나타났다. 분석한 결과를 토대로 국립대학의 경쟁력 제고를 위한 결론을 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 국립대학의 개별 수준의 경쟁력 강화뿐만 아니라 대학 간 자원의 공유와 협력을 통해 대학 집단 수준의 경쟁력을 제고하고, 나아가 국가 수준의 경쟁력 제고를 위한 전략 수립이 필요하다. 둘째, 대학의 사회봉사 역량 향상을 위한 방안 수립과 적극적인 수행 노력을 통한 대학 경쟁력 제고가 이루어져야 한다. 대학은 지역 협력을 위해 지역거점 기관으로서 리더십을 발휘하고, 지역사회와 인적·물적 자원의 공유를 통한 지역협력 대학으로 발전하여, 사회적·경제적 가치 창출과 지역사회 발전을 위해 기여해야 한다.The purpose of this study is to understand the class status of small middle schools and analyze the class practice cases through qualitative case studies of small middle schools located in Jeollabuk-do, and to develop a competency-building class model of small middle schools based on the results. As a result of in-depth interviews with middle school teachers and analysis of class practice cases, small middle school classes showed the advantages of reorganizing the curriculum for students' customized classes, lack of basic education, difficulty in family-linked learning, and difficulty in social development education. In addition, the core of the common request for class practice cases was 'linked' and 'project learning'. In other words, in the classroom practice of small middle schools, connection means connection between curriculums, as well as between subjects and comparative subjects, and project learning works as an implementation structure and principle that drives the process and results of purposeful activities that embody this connection. Based on these 'links' and 'project learning', this study presented a competency-forming class model based on convergence project activities linking subjects, subject-non-subjects, and subject-comparison and out-of-school activities to design basic classes. The results of this study are expected to serve as basic data for improving the basic education, basic education, and curriculum capabilities of middle school students and improving classroom classes in small middle schools through the development of a class model centered on convergence project activities.
Comparing L1 and L2 Translation Styles: An Analysis of Multiple Parallel Corpora Comprised of Multiple Target Texts of the Same Source Texts

In Korean-English literary translation, the directionality of translation (whether translating into L1 or L2) has caught the attention of many researchers. They compared the L1 translator’s target text (TT) with that of the L2 translator of the same source text (ST) and described the stylistic differences they found in the comparison. Since most analyses were based on a single ST, and the number of TTs was one in each direction (into L1 and L2, respectively), the results may only apply to the texts they analyzed in the study. To verify if the directionality of translation is the deciding factor of the stylistic traits found in each TT, this study examined 1) multiple parallel corpora comprised of multiple TTs of the same STs and 2) the corresponding translators’ other translations of different STs. After comparing a collection of TTs by the L1 group with those by the L2 group, the study found contrasting trends regarding word variety and contractions.