NNFSRR: Nearest Neighbor Feature Selection and Redundancy Removal Method for Nearest Neighbor Search in Microarray Gene Expression Data

INTRODUCTION: Gene expression data analysis is a critical aspect of disease prediction and classification, playing a pivotal role in the field of bioinformatics and biomedical research. High-dimensional gene expression datasets hold a wealth of information, but their effective utilization is hindered by the presence of irrelevant dimensions and noise. The challenge lies in extracting meaningful features from these datasets to enhance the accuracy of disease prediction and classification while maintaining computational efficiency.&#x0D; Feature selection is a crucial step in addressing these challenges, as it aims to identify and retain only the most informative characteristics from large high-dimensional microarray datasets. In the context of microarray gene expression data, characterized by its substantial dimensionality, selecting relevant features is essential for efficient nearest neighbor search, a fundamental component of various analytical tasks in bioinformatics and data mining.&#x0D; Existing feature selection methods in high-dimensional data often face issues related to the trade-off between search accuracy and computational efficiency. This paper introduces a novel approach, the Nearest Neighbor Feature Selection with Symmetrical Uncertainty-based Redundancy Removal (NNFSRR) method, designed to enhance the classification of microarray gene expression data through feature selection. The NNFSRR method focuses on reducing the dimensionality of the dataset by identifying and removing redundant features, allowing subsequent searches to operate solely on relevant dimensions.&#x0D; OBJECTIVES: The primary goal is to evaluate the NNFSRR method's effectiveness in improving nearest neighbor search in microarray gene expression datasets by reducing dimensionality. This method utilizes Symmetrical Uncertainty-based correlation between dimensions for feature selection and aims to enhance accuracy and efficiency compared to existing methods.&#x0D; METHODS: The NNFSRR method uses Symmetrical Uncertainty to identify and remove redundant features from microarray gene expression datasets. Reduced datasets are used for nearest neighbor search, improving accuracy and efficiency. Experiments are conducted using real-world datasets, and comparisons with existing methods are made based on search time and accuracy.&#x0D; RESULTS: The NNFSRR method demonstrates improved nearest neighbor search performance, outperforming basic brute force methods and existing feature selection techniques. Selected feature sets exhibit strong class associations while minimizing feature correlations, enhancing classification precision.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the NNFSRR method presents a promising approach to address the challenges posed by high-dimensional gene expression data. It effectively reduces dimensionality, improves search accuracy, and enhances the efficiency of nearest neighbor search. Our experimental results demonstrate that this method outperforms existing techniques in terms of search time and accuracy, making it a valuable tool for applications in bioinformatics, data mining, pattern recognition, and biological information retrieval. The NNFSRR method holds the potential to advance our understanding of complex biological processes and support more accurate disease prediction and classification.