Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A signature algorithm based on chaotic maps and factoring problems

There has been a great deal of interest in researching the behavior of chaotic systems over the past decade. They are distinguished by their sensitivity to initial conditions, continuous broad-band power spectrum, and similarity to random behavior. Chaos has possible applications in the encryption, compression, and modulation blocks of a digital communication system. The possibility of self-synchronization of chaotic oscillations has spawned a deluge of research on the cryptographic applications of chaos. FAC (Factoring) and CM (Chaotic maps) are used in this research to develop a new signature system (CM). Our system has a higher security level than any other based on a single hard number-theoretic problem since it is extremely unlikely that FAC and CM can be solved effectively at the same time. We further demonstrate that the scheme’s performance involves only minimal operations in signing and validating logarithms, and that it is impervious to attack.
Chatting up an Automated Vehicle: Does a Text-based Chatbot Bring Back the Human Element into the Travel Experience?

Increased automation in public transportation bears the potential of a decreased human component when interacting with them. One possibility to include this human component might be through the use of chat-like interaction. In this paper, we investigated the effects of a chat-interface in a ticket booking app for automated shuttles. We report the results from a laboratory study, in which we compared two app designs, one with and one without a chat-interface. We found that, contrary to what we had expected based on the literature, there was no difference regarding productivity between the two. We observed a generally negative effect of the presence of a chat-interface, suggesting a slight preference towards no chat-interface overall. This suggests less suitability of such interfaces, at least for the ticket booking process, for automated public shuttles.
Rerun: Enabling Multi-Perspective Analysis of Driving Interaction in VR

Rerun is a software system to support post-facto analysis of driving simulation research. It is built in Unity 3D, and captures virtual driving behavior so that it can be played back. A unique feature of Rerun is that the playback can be rendered from any perspective in the virtual space. This is useful in multi-person interaction studies because researchers can examine scenarios from each participant’s perspective, or even from an outside observer’s perspective. This enables fine-grained understanding of implicit and explicit signalling between participants, enabling research to reconstruct what factors are pertinent to driving communication.
To Show or Not to Show: Redacting Sensitive Text from Videos of Electronic Displays

With the increasing prevalence of video recordings there is a growing need for tools that can maintain the privacy of those recorded. In this paper, we define an approach for redacting personally identifiable text from videos using a combination of optical character recognition (OCR) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques. We examine the relative performance of this approach when used with different OCR models, specifically Tesseract and the OCR system from Google Cloud Vision (GCV). For the proposed approach the performance of GCV, in both accuracy and speed, is significantly higher than Tesseract. Finally, we explore the advantages and disadvantages of both models in real-world applications.
Design for Perception - A Systematic Approach for the Design of Driving Automation Systems based on the Users’ Perception

While there is significant potential for driving automation to increase traffic safety and enhance comfort, it is important that these systems are designed in such a way that drivers are supported in building a correct understanding of the system's capabilities and limitations. Hence, it is necessary to understand both the process by which drivers understand a driving automation system and the factors that influence their perception. During three workshops, six practitioners participated in a participatory action research study around a design use case, aiming to enhance mode awareness in a vehicle offering several levels of automation. This facilitated the development of a card deck, which supports practitioners to 1. explore possible solutions driven through a systematic approach, 2. identify areas of improvement through applying the lens of the user, 3. ideate and evaluate design decisions through a guided process.
Arca Keris in Alor Gajah Town, Melaka: A SWOT Analysis of Design and Appeal Factor

In 2020, the Alor Gajah Municipal Council (AGMC) embarked on a project to upgrade the town&rsquo;s public courtyard. One of its tasks was restoring and relocating a giant traditional Malay dagger replica known as the Arca Keris from the courtyard to an adjacent roundabout. Despite this initiative, most people are unaware of how such a change could improve the town&rsquo;s image and one&rsquo;s quality of life. In this sense, two questions arise: (1) what are the design specifications of the Arca Keris? and (2) how does the presence of the Arca Keris improve the town&rsquo;s image? In order to address this issue, the design and appeal factors of the Arca Keris were examined. A triangulation strategy was used, consisting of interviews and observation; this was followed by a SWOT analysis. The outcome demonstrates that the Arca Keris has both strengths and opportunities in terms of visibility and symbolization. However, it may have flaws, such as accessibility and anonymity. As a result, the general public was unable to appreciate the significance of the Arca Keris or comprehend the rationale for its relocation. This research should help us better understand how public art affects a town&rsquo;s image across the country.
Technical and Economic Evaluation of a 50 MW Solar Power Plant in Quetta

Pakistan is a developing country that is facing its worst energy crisis in two decades. In recent years, the gap between demand and supply has multiplied. With increasing demand, this situation has triggered a complete power shutdown in urban areas for 10&ndash;12 h and rural areas for 16&ndash;18 h. The prime objective of this study is to evaluate the techno-economic feasibility of a 50 MW solar farm in Quetta, Pakistan. Solar radiation data are collected from radiation devices, i.e., a tier two weather station with a rotating shadow band irradiometer. The devices collected data every 10 min. The data were gathered for one year, and a techno-economic evaluation of the information has been carried out. For the proposed plant&rsquo;s economic feasibility evaluation, the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) model is used and estimates that the energy produced by the proposed power plant will cost 6 Pkr/kWh. Technical evaluation of the power plant reveals that 91.980 GWh of electricity can be produced per year at the capital cost of 59.689 million USD, with an O and M cost of 0.9 million USD/year and a 10.5498 discount rate (%). An economic evaluation of the proposed PV plant produces electricity at 0.0385 USD/kWh. The results of this study depict that a 50 MW PV plant will be feasible for Quetta.
SYMBOLIC AI AND GÖDEL'S ONTOLOGICAL ARGUMENT

Abstract Over the past decade, variants of Gödel's ontological arguments have been critically examined using modern symbolic AI technology. Computers have unearthed new insights about them and even contributed to the exploration of new, simplified variants of the argument, which now need to be further investigated by theologians and philosophers. In this article, I provide a brief, informal overview of these contributions and engage in a discussion of the possible future role of AI technology for the rigorous assessment of arguments in theology and philosophy.
Considering the exceptions: on the failure of cumulative transitivity for indicative conditionals

According to existing accounts of indicative conditionals, any argument of the following form is valid: Here, I present a set of counterexamples to show that there exist invalid arguments of this form. I argue that this data poses serious problems to variably strict accounts of conditionals (Lewis 1973; Stalnaker 1968), as such accounts are structurally unable to accommodate it. Dynamic strict accounts (von Fintel 2001; Gillies, 2007; Willer 2017), however, are a different story. While existing dynamic strict accounts do not accommodate the data, they are in principle able to, and I propose a modified dynamic strict account, drawing from von Fintel (2001), that does. The key modification is this: whereas existing dynamic strict accounts take into account only the effects of conditional antecedents in changing the semantic context, the data shows that we must also take into account the effects of conditional consequents in changing the semantic context.
Preface

Extract I’ve been writing this book since 2003, in my head, in the comments I make on student papers, in conversations with colleagues, in the writing workshops and conversations we have in the Boston University School of Public Health, and in short occasional articles. And I have been writing it as I drafted and revised my own policy briefs, literature reviews, proposals, countless emails, and writing assignment instructions. In 2020, I started typing, pulling it together into a single narrative that starts with my own rocky writing experience as a master’s of public health (MPH) student. I see this book as a call to action. Schools and programs of public health need to invest in supporting and mentoring writers at all levels. This starts with recognizing that we cannot expect our students to come to us already knowing how to write clear, persuasive, succinct public health documents. Once we’ve accepted the reality that students need practice, a lot of feedback, and opportunities to revise, our institutions need to invest in the human resources needed to provide this critical intellectual labor. And we shouldn’t stop with supporting student writers. Our academic institutions are filled with writers. Indeed, writing is a primary job requirement of all faculty and many staff members. As a professor, I can say with certainty that little about my daily working life supports my ability to write anything more substantive than hundreds of emails each week. Yet I am expected to publish every year. We can build a culture that supports individual writers by promoting daily writing (if only for fifteen minutes), demystifying the publication process, and supporting public scholarship.
Research Design

An R Companion for The Fundamentals of Social Research offers students the opportunity to delve into the world of R using real data sets and statistical analysis techniques directly from Paul M. Kellstedt, Guy D. Whitten, and Steven A. Tuch's new textbook. Workbook sections parallel chapters in the main text, giving students a chance to apply the lessons and techniques learned in each chapter in a statistical software setting. Detailed chapters teach students to reproduce results presented in the textbook, allowing them to become comfortable performing statistical analyses for evaluating causal claims through repeated practice. Step-by-step instructions for using R are provided, along with command lines and screenshots to demonstrate proper use of the software. Instructions for producing the figures and tables in the main text are integrated throughout the workbook. End-of-chapter exercises encourage students to formulate and evaluate their own hypotheses.
Bivariate Hypothesis Testing

An R Companion for The Fundamentals of Social Research offers students the opportunity to delve into the world of R using real data sets and statistical analysis techniques directly from Paul M. Kellstedt, Guy D. Whitten, and Steven A. Tuch's new textbook. Workbook sections parallel chapters in the main text, giving students a chance to apply the lessons and techniques learned in each chapter in a statistical software setting. Detailed chapters teach students to reproduce results presented in the textbook, allowing them to become comfortable performing statistical analyses for evaluating causal claims through repeated practice. Step-by-step instructions for using R are provided, along with command lines and screenshots to demonstrate proper use of the software. Instructions for producing the figures and tables in the main text are integrated throughout the workbook. End-of-chapter exercises encourage students to formulate and evaluate their own hypotheses.
GDPR Records of Processing Activities for Data Controllers

Abstract Data controller organizations are required to keep an up-to-date and detailed list of their processing activities and be prepared to show that list to regulators upon request. This list should include at least the purposes of the processing, the target data and all the parties involved in handling that data. We present a solution for organizing all these information into both relational and non-relational document-oriented databases to facilitate such reports. A technical approach of auditing the implementation degree of the rules introduced by the EU GDPR will better prepare the data controllers in complying to this Regulation. We consider a top-down methodology for processing raw data addressing several types of organizations, with different organizational structures. For all these entities we focus on processes, activities, classes of documents collected and personal data. All these data constitute the basis of the “Records of processing activities” required by the Regulation.
GoThrough: A tool to render and interact with arbitrary planar transformative portals

Portals are commonly used in video games (e.g., Portal and the classic Asteroids). In this work, we introduce GoThrough, a tool that enables users with little to no previous knowledge to add transformative portals to 3D scenes in the Unity game engine. GoThrough implements both the visual and physical aspects of portals, leaving room for other extensions by the user. We introduce an approach for portals to work robustly in terms of geometry and rendering and explore common pitfalls (and how to handle them). Lastly, we put in evidence several portal-based mechanics and implement use cases to demonstrate them. The tool is shown to work in various example scenarios and has been evaluated quantitatively for performance, performing in real-time in various scenarios. We conducted user tests to analyse GoThrough qualitatively and an experiment of experts to understand how the tool hinders or empowers their expressiveness. With a SUS score of 87.5, we concluded that GoThrough is intuitive enough to be used by non-experts, making the process of creating impossible 3D worlds much less cumbersome. At last, experts were able to conceive unanticipated mechanics and revealed that the tool allowed prototypes that would not be developed in a feasible time otherwise.
Correlation between concurrence and mutual information

Abstract We investigate a two-qubit system to understand the relationship between concurrence and mutual information, where the former determines the amount of quantum entanglement, whereas the latter is its classical residue after performing local projective measurement. For a given ensemble of random pure states, in which the values of concurrence are uniformly distributed, we calculate the joint probability of concurrence and mutual information. Although zero mutual information is the most probable in the uniform ensemble, we find positive correlation between the classical information and concurrence. This result suggests that destructive measurement of classical information can be used to assess the amount of quantum information.
Hyperintensional Belief Revision

Abstract This chapter explores a reading of the two-place TSIM operators, in which they are interpreted as expressing conditional belief or (static) belief revision. In this setting, the TSIM Bφψ says that conditional on φ, one believes that ψ, or that if one were to learn that φ, one would believe that ψ was the case. The reading is enforced by adding to the basic TSIM semantics a total preordering of worlds, understood as representing relative plausibility: the closer a world, the more plausible the scenario it represents for the believing agent. The chapter argues that, thanks in particular to the hyperintensionality of TSIMs, this setting reduces the logical idealization of cognitive agents in the standard AGM belief revision theory as well as in non-hyperintensional modal logics of belief revision. It also argues that the represented agents are not vulnerable to a complete trivialization of their belief system based on inconsistent information. The chapter concludes by hinting at a way to expand the setting into a dynamic framework, as in Dynamic Epistemic Logic (DEL), via a dynamics representing how the agent can come to grasp new subject matters.
Relationship Between Culture and User Behavior in the Context of Information Security Systems: A Qualitative Study in SMEs

This paper examines the relationship between information system (IS) security culture and IS user security behaviors, which is little examined in the literature [1]. This article first goes through a review of literature in the field of information security systems, then the proposal of a framework based on [2] three-level culture model and finally the presentation of a qualitative study conducted with twenty-two users from eight French small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The results of this study show that there is a strong relationship between IS security culture and user behaviors related to IS security, in the sense that a positive security culture is conducive to creating security behaviors.
Recent Neural-Symbolic Approaches to ILP Based on Templates

Deep learning has been increasingly successful in the last few years, but its inherent limitations have recently become more evident, especially with respect to explainability and interpretability. Neural-symbolic approaches to inductive logic programming have been recently proposed to synergistically combine the advantages of inductive logic programming in terms of explainability and interpretability with the characteristic capability of deep learning to treat noisy, erroneous, and non-logical data. This paper surveys and briefly compares four relevant neural-symbolic approaches to inductive logic programming that have been proposed in the last five years and that use templates as an effective basis to learn logic programs from data.
The Mirror Agent Model: A Bayesian Architecture for Interpretable Agent Behavior

In this paper we illustrate a novel architecture generating interpretable behavior and explanations. We refer to this architecture as the Mirror Agent Model because it defines the observer model, that is the target of explicit and implicit communications, as a mirror of the agent's. With the goal of providing a general understanding of this work, we firstly show prior relevant results addressing the informative communication of agents intentions and the production of legible behavior. In the second part of the paper we furnish the architecture with novel capabilities for explanations through off-the-shelf saliency methods, followed by preliminary qualitative results.
Case-Based Reasoning via Comparing the Strength Order of Features

Case-based reasoning (CBR) is broadly speaking a method of giving a verdict/decision on a new case query by comparing it with verdicts/decisions of known similar cases. Similarity of cases is determined either by best distance of the query case from the known cases and recently also using argumentation. The approach of this paper is not to rely on similarity or argumentation, but to use the entire set of known cases and their known verdicts to define the relative strength and importance of all the features involved in these cases. We then decide the verdict for the new case based on the strength of the features appearing in it.
Italian Diction

Abstract This chapter presents the sounds of Italian: vowels, consonants, and glides, along with the relevant phonetic symbols. It explains diacritical marks, vowel length, syllabification, word stress, and apocopation. There is extensive discussion of diphthongs and triphthongs, both within words and across words boundaries (phrasal diphthongs). Double consonants and phrasal doubling across word boundaries are presented in detail. There are examples of words with translations and phonetic transcriptions, as well as musical examples. Problems specific to singing are discussed, such as proper value of vowels in diphthongs and triphthongs and how to execute double consonants and consonant clusters. Resources for Italian and sample vocal texts with phonetic transcriptions and translations are provided. There are exercises interspersed throughout the chapter. Following the main chapter is an appendix, primarily meant as a reference, that discusses the two sounds each for the letters e and o in Italian, the open sound and the close sound.
Dedication

Extract Dedicated to the memory of my mentors in the singing of the Italian language Italo Tajo (1917–1993) and Lorenzo Malfatti (1923–2007)
Toward Data Stabilization

Abstract Attempting to force China to change its strategic vision of cyber sovereignty is a fool’s errand. Because pressuring China’s tech regulation structures has proven to be a nonstarter, the United States’ only recourse is to regulate itself. Chapter 10 argues that the only way to stem data trafficking is to stabilize data flows through complementary, incremental data management practices. Drawing a blueprint for data stabilization, it provides comprehensive recommendations across a range of sectors for managing transnational data flows. The risks presented by data trafficking require China’s trade partners to implement comprehensive data security regulations that incorporate inputs from the government, the private sector, and multistakeholder organizations. More broadly, there is need for increased international cooperation, education, policymaking, corporate social responsibility, and reporting. Offering a pathway to navigate between national data lockdowns and continued corporate exploitation of regulatory vacuums, data stabilization is shown to be the only solution to data trafficking.
Gaming

Abstract Gaming companies create borderless worlds, in the sense that they allow interaction among populations around the globe. Yet as sites that move data between different jurisdictions, gaming companies also redefine borders. Chapter 6 argues that gaming companies based in the United States expand China’s sovereign control as part of their corporate financial interest through their data regulation, storage, and security practices. The case of Tencent, the principal figure in the Chinese gaming industry that has acquired large stakes in US gaming companies such as Activision Blizzard, Riot Games, Epic Games, and Cryptic Studios, offers a prime example. Once trafficked, gaming data can be used by China to conduct mis- and disinformation campaigns, gain strategic industrial advantages, and control important infrastructure in the United States.