Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Online Hate Speech through the Causal Lens

The societal issue of digital hostility has previously attracted a lot of attention.The topic counts an ample body of literature, yet remains prominent and challenging as ever due to its subjective nature.We posit that a better understanding of this problem will require the use of causal inference frameworks.This survey summarises the relevant research that revolves around estimations of causal effects related to online hate speech.Initially, we provide an argumentation as to why re-establishing the exploration of hate speech in causal terms is of the essence.Following that, we give an overview of the leading studies classified with respect to the direction of their outcomes, as well as an outline of all related research, and a summary of open research problems that can influence future work on the topic.
Linear Regression

In statistics, linear regression is a linear method to model the relationship between a scalar response (dependent variable), y, and one or more explanatory variables (independent variables), x, a vector. When there is only one explanatory variable, it is called simple linear regression. When there is more than one explanatory variable, it is called multiple linear regression. The parameters of such a linear model, β, are the coefficients for the explanatory variables. The parameters are estimated from the data. When such a linear model is used to predict the outcome of the response given the values of the explanatory variables, it is assumed that the conditional mean of the response or a transformation, g, of that is a linear function of the explanatory variables, namely, $$ g\left(\hat{y}\right)=g\left(\mathrm{E}(y)\right)=\boldsymbol{x}\boldsymbol{\beta } $$ . When the transformation is the identify function, it simplifies to $$ \hat{y}=\mathrm{E}(y)=\boldsymbol{x}\boldsymbol{\beta } $$ .
CRYPTOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

In Today’s world Sensitive data is increasingly used in communication over the internet. Thus Security of data is the biggest concern of internet users. Best solution is use of some cryptography algorithm which encrypts data in some cipher and transfers it over the internet and again decrypted to original data. The field of cryptography deals with the procedure for conveying information securely. Cryptography includes a set of techniques for scrambling or disguising data so that it is available only to someone who can restore the data to its original form. Cryptography or communication by using secret code was used by the Egyptians some 4000 years ago. However, the science of cryptography was initiated by Arabs since 600s. Cryptography becomes vital in the twentieth century where it played a crucial role in the World War I and 2. This paper focuses on the analysis of the two types of key cryptography exists, based on the availability of the key publicly: Private key Cryptography, and Public Key Cryptography. Both the sender and the recipient share a key that must be kept private.
An exploratory study on elementary students’ recognition and the affective effects of the VR-based English class

In recent years, there has been a particularly increasing interest in applying state-of-the-art digital technology such as VR (virtual reality) to the educational field amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the high expectation that VR technology might be effective in English language teaching, not many attempts have been made especially in the context of elementary schools. The present study explores the recognition of and the affective effects on 3rd and 4th grader elementary school students through the VR-based English class. It first shows that almost all participants had already known and experienced VR technology before, and that they expressed great satisfaction with the VR-based English class. Second, the study also shows that participants displayed spatial presence, novelty and enjoyment during the VR-based class. Finally, it demonstrates that VR was modestly effective for some sub-elements of students’ affective domain: the improvement of motivation and confidence. Moreover, the VR-based class was particularly effective for easing students’ anxiety when they speak English. This study provides meaningful pedagogical implications not only for the practitioners who are willing to apply VR technology to English language teaching, but also for researchers who are eager for future research regarding VR technology.
SECURITY ISSUES OF FEDERATED LEARNING IN REAL-LIFE APPLICATIONS

Machine Learning (ML) is becoming one of the most popular and widely used IT technologies in the past 10 years. The sharing and analysing of large volumes of data promises to revolutionalise many sectors, such as transport, healthcare and defence. This data&apos;s value and the consequent competitive advantages from its processing have attracted significant adversarial efforts against its security, privacy and availability. Recent advancements in federated learning (FL) show promising results in protecting data security and privacy and equally create additional opportunities for organised cyber criminals to capitalise from its use. This paper presents the existing and emerging security threats against FL using real-life scenarios and applications.
MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN SYSTEM OF ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION

Currently, a promising direction for solving problems related to the modernization and transformation of the Russian school is the creation of a modern system of continuous professional development of teachers. To do this, it is necessary to clearly understand what changes are currently taking place in the field of additional professional pedagogical education as an essential component of the system of continuous professional development of teachers and what challenges should be met by regional institutions for advanced training and education development institutions. In this regard, the article examines and analyzes the most important trends in the development of additional professional pedagogical education on the basis of a systematic approach. The analysis showed that in the current situation, institutions of additional professional education are forced to respond to a number of new challenges related to (1) ensuring competitiveness and productive interaction with employers and direct consumers of educational services, (2) gradual centralization and unification of additional professional pedagogical education, ( 3) the need to develop adaptive, practice-oriented and flexible additional professional programs focused on the current model of a highly qualified specialist and (4) the creation of a modern motivating educational environment, including through organizing the activities of network “professional communities of practice” based on the use of information and communication technologies. Hence, the main conclusion is that institutions of additional professional pedagogical education should be transformed today into modern multifunctional centers that provide a variety of educational services, and the programs they implement should be transformed into complex block-modular constructs in which practice-oriented content is designed on the basis of micro– and nanomodular approaches, leading didactic scenarios, scientific and methodological infrastructure to support students in the learning process and in the post-course period, including “communities of practice” and “learning communities”, a methodology for assessing professional competencies, as well as possible career prospects and student requests.
Automatic Generation Method for Training Dataset of Instance Segmentation for Irregularly Shaped Object Picking

In the field of robotics, robotic bin picking has been studied extensively. In this paper, we consider an irregularly shaped object as a grasping target. For detecting irregularly shaped objects, instance segmentation based on deep learning is one of the promising methods. One of the challenges for deep learning-based methods is how to reduce the time and effort to prepare the dataset for training. In this paper, we propose a method to automatically generate a dataset for learning instance segmentation using only information available from public image databases. The proposed method achieves mean average precision (mAP) of 0.85 for the automatically generated test data. It also showed mAP of 0.65 for the test data generated using untrained irregularly shaped objects, and achieved a success rate of more than 98% in picking experiments with the robot.
Penggunaan Zoom Breakout Rooms dalam Penerapan Metode Cooperative pada Pelajaran Vocabluary

The corona virus has spread in the world, because of this situation, the teaching and learning process has also changed, from face to face learning process to a learning process carried out via video conference. Zoom with breakout rooms is one of the most widely used types of video conference in the teaching and learning process. In this study, zoom with breakout rooms was used to examine the application of the cooperative method in vocabulary building lesson. For this purpose, students who were involved in the teaching and learning process were divided into small groups to discuss with each other. The process was that after all 30 students were in the main room, they were divided into 6 groups where each group consists of 5 students. After that they were given the opportunity to discuss for 20 minutes to understand the material being studied. The research was held in Darma Persada University at even semester 2020-2021. The method used was qualitative. The result of this study was that the use of zoom with breakout rooms can be used as an alternative in applying cooperative learning method where the students were in small group consisting of 5 students in one group.
Peer review declaration

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. · Type of peer review: Single-blind · Conference submission management system: SoftConf.com ( https://www.softconf.com/l/phm2021 ) · Number of submissions received: 203 · Number of submissions sent for review: 121 · Number of submissions accepted: 25 · Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted/Number of Submissions Received X 100): 12.3% · Average number of reviews per paper: 2 · Total number of reviewers involved: 46 · Any additional info on review process: Papers out of the scopes of the conference had been rejected in an initial paper screening process. Papers passing the initial screening process had been further evaluated by a group of experts in the field to make sure they meet the necessary standards for acceptance and publication. Each paper underwent formal paper review by at least two reviewers in terms of appropriateness, clarity, originality/Innovativeness, and Overall Recommendation. We used professional conference paper management system “SOFTCONF” in coordinating the paper review process and communicating with the authors. A paper was accepted for presentation and publication only if the comments from both reviewers are positive. The reviewers’ comments had been provided to the authors so that they could follow the suggestions from the reviewers to further improve their papers. The authors were required to highlight the revisions in red in the final manuscript so that the Paper Review Committee could check to ensure the reviewers’ comments were accommodated in the revised manuscript . · Contact person for queries: Jie (Peter) Liu, Professor, Carleton University; Email: jie.liu@carleton.ca
Preparing Your Development Environment

To start learning Java, your computer needs to be set up as a Java development machine. Thus, here are the requirements:
Organization of an integrated education-research-production system of target training for vocational teachers

The author has conducted research that facilitates formation of methodological aspects in cognition, with theoretical substantiation and practical proposals as regards ensuring effectiveness of an integrated education-researchproduction system of target training for vocational teachers, with the purposeof implementing the social dimension of prolonged employment opportunities for academic potential of HEIs and subsystems of vocational education; the research process is kept up to date with substantiation, organization design, and approbation of the system as per its designated purpose — professional training and development of a new generation of vocational teachers — in accordance with the innovative interpretation of professional crosses as the correlation of regional opportunities, production capacities, regional education establishment clusters and socio-ecological demands for competitiveness in the labour market.
A Study of Vocabulary Taught in Japanese Textbooks in South Korea : Middle School Textbooks

본 연구는 최근에 발행된 중학교 일본어 교과서 5종을 대상으로 하여, 2015개정 교육과정에서 제시하고 있는 기본어휘와 교과서에서 채택하고 있는 어휘를 분석하여, 교육부에서 제시한 기본어휘가 각 교과서에 얼마나 충실히 반영되고 있는지 검토했다. 그리고 중학교 일본어 교과서에서 어떤 어휘가 사용되고 있는지, 해당 어휘의 품사성 및 의미 용법의 전반을 고찰했다. 그 조사 결과, 첫째, 2015개정에서 제시한 기본어휘는 5종 교과서에서 적절하게 반영되고 있지 않다고 확인되었다. 이는 문제점이 있다고 보며 더 세밀하게 기준을 제시하고 기본어휘의 수 조정이 요구된다. 둘째, 5종 교과서에서 공통으로 사용되는 어휘를 확인한 결과 10.16%로 나타났다. 상당히 낮은 비율에 해당하며 어떤 교과서를 사용하는가에 따라 학습량의 차이가 나타날 수 있다고 본다. 셋째, 5종 교과서에서는 명사와 감동사를 제외한 나머지 품사는 비중이 작거나 전혀 다루어지지 않고 있었다. 이는 문장체보다 스스럼없는 친한 사이에 사용되는 간단한 회화체 중심으로 대화문이 구성되어 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.The purpose of this paper is to look into how well the essential Japanese vocabulary prioritized by the South Korean government in its revised educational curriculum in 2015 is represented in the most recently published Japanese textbooks used in middle schools in South Korea. This paper categorizes the vocabulary used in the textbooks based on the part of speech and analyzes vocabulary that is emphasized in middle school textbooks by word class. The study found, first of all, that the five Japanese textbooks used in Korean middle schools do not properly represent the basic vocabulary selected in the 2015 educational curriculum. Secondly, only 10.16 percent, or 62 words, are commonly presented in the five textbooks out of total 610 words, which could widen the learning gap depending on which textbook is used. Thirdly, parts of speech other than nouns and interjections are rarely presented in the five text books, meaning they mainly deal with simple and casual dialogues exchanged by close friends instead of formal sentences.
Using Grids

A Text view is fine for displaying strings, and an Image view is perfect for displaying graphics. However, what if you want to display multiple chunks of data on the screen? That’s when you can use a grid that can display data in rows (horizontally) or columns (vertically) as shown in Figure 18-1.
Remote Driving Assistance with AR Based on Gaze Information

In this research, an AR image presentation system based on gaze information has been proposed. In the proposed method, 3D objects are presented between the effective and periphery. This 3D object is intended for hazard warning and eye guidance. This field is known to have short reaction time. We conducted a subject experiment using a driving simulator and confirmed that the reaction time was significantly shorter.
Examination of changes in output diameter to improve producing Immersive Sound Field by air jet

We have been studying a method of producing Immersive Sound Field by air jet to improve the music experience. The problem of this method was that the vibration stimulation by the air jet was less intense than the vibration stimulation of the method using a large transducer. Furthermore, we have investigated vibration control based on the injection time and injection distance of the air jet. We measure user perception changes caused by the change in the output diameter of air jet and stimulus presentation position.
Hubungan Minat Belajar dan Disiplin Belajar dengan Hasil Belajar Matematika Peserta Didik Kelas V SD

The problem in this study is the low learning outcomes of class fifth students towards Mathematics. This study aims to determine the relationship between interest in learning and learning discipline with the Mathematics learning outcomes of class Vth Elementary School of Cluster Cut Nyak Dien, East Metro District. This type of research is ex-postfacto correlation. The study population numbered 221 students and the research sample was 69 students.. The data collection techniques used were observation, interview, questionnaire, and documentation study. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire with a Likert scale that had been tested for validity and reliability. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between interest in learning and learning discipline with the Mathematics learning outcomes of class V students, shown by a correlation coefficient of 0,7346 with strong criteria.
Curating Within Music Ensembles

The central question for curating innovative performances by ensembles, which connect to their moment in time and to their audiences, is deciding what to play, and why. What repertoire shall we play? Or perhaps, what shall we arrange? What should we learn and practice, and what should we commission? And underlying these questions is the wonder-filled query: Why? What is the magical combination that informs these choices? I explored these central questions via a two-hour virtual conversation with leaders of three very different ensembles. My starting point for this exploration is that music ensemble leaders are involved in a complex process of making choices in relation to the intention of their ensemble and the time and place of the performance. Even if they do not already use the word, I suggest that curating is what these ensembles are doing. In order to grasp the nature of curation, we can learn a great deal from the process as it develops within an ensemble.
Case study of the production of teaching materials for learning control engineering

The infectious disease epidemic that has been prevalent since the beginning of 2020 has caused the possibility for students to conduct experiments at home. In this paper, we report a case study of the production of teaching materials for learning the basics of control engineering by incorporating Rapid Prototyping techniques.
An Interactive GUI for BALTO in a Jupyter Notebook

This repository creates a GUI (graphical user interface) for the BALTO (Brokered Alignment of Long-Tail Observations) project.BALTO is funded by the NSF EarthCube program.The GUI aims to provide a simplified and customizable method for users to access data sets of interest on servers that support the OpenDAP data access protocol.This interactive GUI runs within a Jupyter notebook and uses the Python packages: ipywidgets (for widget controls), ipyleaflet (for interactive maps) and pydap (an OpenDAP client).The Python source code to create the GUI and to process events is in a module called balto gui.py that must be found in the same directory as this Jupyter notebook.Python source code for visualization of downloaded data is given in a module called balto plot.py.This GUI consists of mulitiple panels, and supports both a tab-style and an accordion-style,
Responding to the User with Buttons and Segmented Controls

Every user interface needs to display information to the user whether that information may be text or images. However, another feature of a user interface is to accept commands from the user. The simplest way to accept commands through a user interface is through buttons.
Does it Make Sense to Ascribe Object-Dependent Senses to Names?

The aim of this paper is to revise the neo-Fregean notion of non-descriptive object-dependent senses, and to enquire how the notion can be applied to specify the meaning of names.The structure of the paper is the following: Firstly, I present the descriptivist canonical review of the Fregean notion of sense.Secondly, I present a general approximation to the neo-Fregean notion of object-dependent senses.Thirdly, I review Evans's approach to the case of indexical terms, in particular, to 'here' and 'now' terms.Finally, I provide some insights about how the ascription of object-dependent senses can work to the case of names, in particular to the Fregean case of (' Aphla' and ' Ateb') names for perceived objects.
A swarm robot system that maintains welding cables in optimized shape by cooperative towing

The authors have been developing a swarm robot system to automate long distance welding in narrow and high places, which cannot be handled by existing welding robots. In welding operations, it is necessary to tow not only the welding torch but also the cables that supply welding wire and gas to the torch. In addition, when welding in a narrow space, it is necessary to avoid excessive stress on the cable and to avoid obstacles such as walls. In this paper, the authors propose a method for path planning and autonomous navigation by solving a multi-objective optimization problem that satisfies these conditions. In this paper, the authors consider the case of towing cable on a two-dimensional plane and evaluate the proposed method by simulation.
A snapshot robot considering person’s preferences

Photographs are usually taken manually with a digital camera or a smart phone by cameraman. Therefore, there are few snapshots of all family members. We will solve this problem by using a mobile robot as a cameraman. We propose a method for taking photos using a mobile robot and selecting good photos considering human preferences. There are two subproblems to solve in developing a robot cameraman: how to position the robot and how to evaluate the quality of photos. In snapshots, it is difficult to uniquely decide the viewpoint because of the variety of the positional relationship between the subjects. Therefore, we take pictures of the subject from 360 degrees around, and then select the best pictures. In this work, we use deep learning and dataset that consider human preferences to evaluate the quality of photos.
Cognitive Thought Stopping Therapy Towards Depression and Control Negative Thoughts in Post-Stroke Patients

Background: Stroke is the third leading cause of mortality worldwide after coronary heart disease and cancer in developed and developing countries. Psychosocial therapy is important to reduce depression levels and control negative thoughts of post-stroke patients. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of cognitive thoughts stopping therapy to decrease the levels of depression and increase the ability to control negative thoughts in post-stroke clients. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental research design. A purposive sampling technique was used with 48 of the total sample. Result: Wilcoxon test results for cognitive thought-stopping therapy (CTST) showed p=0.003; cognitive therapy (CT) showed p=0.003, and thought stopping (TS) showed p=0.002. It indicated that in each treatment group, there were significant differences. Meanwhile, the Kruskal Wallis test showed that the posttest om depression showed p=0.001, Wilcoxon for CTST showed p=0.002, CT showed p=0.003, and thought stopping (TS) showed p=0.002, indicating that in each treatment group, there were significant differences. The Kruskal Wallis test showed that the posttest on the ability to control negative thoughts showed p=0.000. Conclusion: The results showed an effect of therapy on depression levels and the ability to control negative thoughts. Hospitals can implement this study's results to develop mental health services, especially for stroke clients.