Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Load balancing in cloud environment with switching mechanism and token-based algorithm

Cloud computing as a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Cloud environment comprises of abundant nodes with distributed computing resources in different geographic locations. The main aim is to maintain all the data centres to be available and also to distribute the load uniformly to all the data centres. Load balancing with switching mechanism contains two different algorithms in which, one algorithm is used to distribute the jobs in idle state divisions and another, token-based load balancing (TLB) algorithm is used to distribute the jobs in the normal state divisions. The basic demand of each user is to complete requested jobs in the short time, so the public cloud need a mechanism, which can complete the jobs of all users with reasonable response time. The proposed work chooses different strategies for different load conditions. Whenever the server is overloaded, the TLB algorithm migrates the job to the available data centre (DC) either within a cloud division or to the data centre in other cloud division.
A multitree genetic programming representation for automatically evolving texture image descriptors

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017. Image descriptors are very important components in computer vision and pattern recognition that play critical roles in a wide range of applications. The main task of an image descriptor is to automatically detect micro-patterns in an image and generate a feature vector. A domain expert is often needed to undertake the process of developing an image descriptor. However, such an expert, in many cases, is difficult to find or expensive to employ. In this paper, a multitree genetic programming representation is adopted to automatically evolve image descriptors. Unlike existing hand-crafted image descriptors, the proposed method does not rely on predetermined features, instead, it automatically identifies a set of features using a few instances of each class. The performance of the proposed method is assessed using seven benchmark texture classification datasets and compared to seven state-of-the-art methods. The results show that the new method has significantly outperformed its counterpart methods in most cases.
Analysing the steps of currency recognition systems

Recently, we have noticed that there are many organisations that still use banknotes and most of the commercial transactions are still done using physical currencies Therefore, we need to have systems to recognise and detect the currency. Existing systems depend on many steps you go through in order to analyse the currency and know its type and its value. Examples of these systems scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT), speeded up robust features (SURF), and speeded up robust scale invariant feature transform (SR-SIFT). In this paper, we explain the most important steps that the currency analysis system goes through them like database setup, image preprocessing, image analysis, currency recognition and recognition analysis with an explanation of each stage and clarification with examples.
Data Manipulation

In this chapter, we will review the basics of data creation and data handling in the Wolfram Language. The chapter begins with the concept of lists; we define what can be included within this structure as well as the creation of lists, nested lists, arrays, vectors, and matrices. We explore how to order a list, how to assign new values, and finally how to select elements of a list depending on an established pattern.
Human-Computer Interface with Eye Movement

This paper focuses on using IR handset to operate the PC's mouse pointer, which distinguishes the client's eyeball creation for Human Machine Interface. Having the ability to perform left, right, up, down and double taps based on different eye squints with significantly high precision, it uses a viable example classification calculation. In view of the actual usage of Eye Contact, the sensor projections are usually used to gage self- look headings in low- minus- calculations. The proposed architecture is a promising human-PC interface for flexible eye following applications due to its lightweight construction and strong precision.
Opinion Relation Co-Extraction Based on Partially-Supervised Topical Relations Word Alignment Model

The most critical tools for fine-grained opinion extraction are opinion goals and opinion terms extracted from on-line comments. The key part of this process is to identify the connection between terms. To do this, the Word Alignment Model (WAM) was introduced in which the associated variable can be identified by word alignment by an opinion goal. Nevertheless, its ability to extract opinion words was less successful. In order to determine opinion connections as a process of alignment, the partially supervised Word Alienation Model (PSWAM) has therefore been created. Then a visual co-ranking algorithm was implemented together with the Opinion Relationship Map, to model all the candidates and to measure the confidence of each voter by defining their opinion. In addition, higher-confidence candidates were extracted as opinions or opinions. This method, though, involves an added kind of interaction with terms such as topical connections in graphic thought. Therefore the current relationship is assumed in this report in order to model the applicants and derive the feelings, views and opinions. The efficiency of co-extracting thoughts, viewpoints and issues is enhanced effectively by using this method. The experimental results further indicate that compared to the existing paradigm, the efficiency of the proposed model.
An improved chaotic-based African buffalo optimisation algorithm

Optimisation remains inevitable in any organisation as the need to maximise the limited resources persists. It justifies the seemingly endless research in this area. This study explores the effectiveness of chaos to mitigate false or premature convergence problem in African buffalo optimisation (ABO) algorithm. Chaos employs the ergodic and stochastic properties to handle this limitation. Three resourceful chaotic functions in the literature are evaluated to find the best strategy for ABO improvement. The same strategy is applied across the algorithms under study to provide an unbiased judgment. The study validates the proposed system's performance with a range of nonlinear test functions. The proposed system's result is compared with standard ABO, Particle swarm optimisation (PSO), and chaotic particle swarm optimisation (CPSO) algorithms. Although chaotic ABO (CABO) gave 92% performance in comparison with standard ABO, chaotic PSO, and standard PSO; it requires further investigation. To be more explicit, the reason for no significant difference between chaotic-ABO and standard ABO in some functions calls for further research attention. The present study also highlights the research future scope. In all, the study gives insight to researchers on the appropriate algorithm for a real-world problem.
Text and Data Formatting for Machine Learning

Machine learning is a prominent tool for getting data from large amounts of information. Whereas a good amount of machine learning analysis has targeted on increasing the accuracy and potency of coaching and reasoning algorithms, there is less attention within the equally vital issues of observing the standard of information fed into the machine learning model. The standard of huge information is far away from good. Recent studies have shown that poor quality will bring serious errors to the result of big data analysis and this could have an effect on in making additional precise results from the information. Advantages of data preprocessing within the context of ML are advanced detection of errors, model-quality improves by the usage of better data, savings in engineering hours to debug issues
Design of Quick Response (QR) Barcode for Resistance Against Electromagnetic (EM) Information Leakage

The threat of electromagnetic (EM) information leakage of the display image from an information device is caused by eavesdropping of unintended EM leakage emanation.A proposed design of the quick response (QR) barcode keeps the information and makes decoding on the eavesdropped image difficult.The design uses selected colors in consideration of the correlation between EM wave leakage and the display color.
High Rate Squeezing Using Ll Band Coding In Wavelet Domain

Wavelet based image compression standards not only inspired signal and image processing community but also the research community of many research and application fields towards the wavelet theory. All wavelet based schemes follow the standard sequence of steps. They are transformation and the processing task at one end followed by the inverse of processing task and inverse transform at another end. Wavelet based compression was done in a quite different manner from its inception. The early techniques include Embedded Zerotree Wavelet (EZW) coding and Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) coding. Although, SPIHT is an extension of EZW, both follow more or less similar process in coding and decoding. These schemes code the significant and insignificant coefficients using symbols or maintaining a list of indices of the coefficients. The decision on significant or insignificant will be taken by comparing with a threshold which will be updated in each iteration. In both the schemes, if a coefficient is identified as an insignificant one, then the bits incurred in conveying this coefficient is less and in many cases very less. One can imagine that if a coefficient is made to be an insignificant then the number of bits required will be less. This issue was taken up in this paper and bits of selected regions is chosen and a significant improvement is compression ratio is observed at a little cost of quality.
Design and Development of Machine for Deepscreening of Railway Tracks

Deep screening process is the Track maintenance in the Indian Railways. It is the process of removing gravels from track. Which is used for removing of damaged sleepers from the track. For this work Indian railway using more man power with high cost. By this process time lag occurred in passenger travelling. Our design is for developing the related design for reduce cost of man power and time. In this paper proposed a design and development of a machine for deepscreening of railway tracks by using AUTODESK Invnentor software for saving man, machine and materials.
Performance assessment of different chaotic systems in PI-observer based communication system

Recently chaos synchronisation together with chaotic secure communication has gained raising consideration and immense interest. Thanks to perfect aspects of chaos theory, synchronisation of chaotic systems has obtained substantial developments and has been well scrutinised for potential applications in several engineering fields. In this paper, we propose a novel procedure which selects qualified chaotic systems in a chaotic secure communication scheme with proportional integral observer (PI-observer) configuration. According to this method and offered criterion, we peruse the autocorrelations of chaotic maps in order to employ the ones with swift synchronisation time in the PI-observer based receiver. Various chaotic classes have been hired and the simulation results confirm the triumph of the method.
Einstein’s Field Equations

ThisEinstein’s field equations chapter starts with a hydrodynamical description of energy–momentum conservationEnergy-momentum conservation in a Newtonians context in order to give some intuition about the relativistic formulation of energy–momentum conservation as represented by a vanishing divergence of the energy–momentum tensorEnergy-momentum tensor . EinsteinEinstein demanded that energy–momentum conservation should follow from the field equations, and hence he needed a divergence-free curvature tensor. This is deduced from Bianchi’s 2. identity. It is shown that one need not postulate that free particles follow geodesic curves, but that it follows from the field equations.
Sketch Based Image Retrieval in Large Databases using Edge Features

Sketch-based image retrieval (SBIR) presents better flexibility in expressing the query as sketch for retrieval of images as opposed to text based retrieval. Using a sketch, it is easier to express the orientation and pose of the objects for image retrieval from the database. We propose an efficient approach for SBIR from large databases based on hand awn rough sketch. In the proposed method, images are synthesized to yield a binary sketch that is processed in similar way to user drawn sketch. Edge features are extracted by overlaying the sketch with non-overlapping and overlapping grids, respectively. The most similar images to the query are then retrieved from the database using weighted based similarity approach. Experiments are performed on flickr15k dataset yielding excellent retrieval performance in comparison to the methods available in the literature.
Augmenting visual faculties: an exploration of traditional and experimental augmented reality methods in artistic practice

"The final project resulted in a series of artistic works applying both traditional and experimental AR methods. The various AR artworks created compose a body of work that are intended to be viewed as a series resulting from two streams of exploration: traditional marker tracking methods, and experimental processes with non-marker images and alternative materials"--From page 8.
Honoring Fodor

Jerry Fodor made significant contributions to our knowledge of the human mind, of the nature of concepts and meaning, and of human language processing. Here is more on his atomistic theory of concepts.
News from the Field

MSU Libraries announce OER award recipientsRBMS 2020 Conference cancellationARL, CNI, and EDUCAUSE release second installment of Landscape Report on Research Library Engagement with Emerging TechnologiesSpringer Nature expands open access portfolioCalifornia Community College Maker Initiative releases makerspace impact publicationUNESCO Archives adds sound recordingsIMLS authorizes new grant flexibilities for libraries, museums
Visual Objects and Data Objects

Increasingly, information display is being done in three-dimensional virtual spaces as opposed to the two-dimensional screen-based layouts. The different kinds of spatial cues and the ways we perceive them are introduced. The latter half of the chapter is taken up with a set of seven spatial tasks and the perceptual issues associated with each. The applications discussed include the following: 3D information displays, stereo displays, the choice of 2D versus 3D visualization, 3D graph viewing, and virtual environments.
A SELF-BALANCED CLUSTERING TREE FOR SEMANTIC-BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL

The image retrieval and semantic extraction play an important role in the multimedia systems such as geographic information system, hospital information system, digital library system, etc. Therefore, the research and development of semantic-based image retrieval (SBIR) systems have become extremely important and urgent. Major recent publications are included covering different aspects of the research in this area, including building data models, low-level image feature extraction, and deriving high-level semantic features. However, there is still no general approach for semantic-based image retrieval (SBIR), due to the diversity and complexity of high-level semantics. In order to improve the retrieval accuracy of SBIR systems, our focus research is to build a data structure for finding similar images, from that retrieving its semantic. In this paper, we proposed a data structure which is a self-balanced clustering tree named C-Tree. Firstly, a method of visual semantic analysis relied on visual features and image content is proposed on C-Tree. The building of this structure is created based on a combination of methods including hierarchical clustering and partitional clustering. Secondly, we design ontology for the image dataset and create the SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) query by extracting semantics of image. Finally, the semantic-based image retrieval on C-Tree (SBIR\_CT) model is created hinging on our proposal. The experimental evaluation 20,000 images of ImageCLEF dataset indicates the effectiveness of the proposed method. These results are compared with some of recently published methods on the same dataset and demonstrate that the proposed method improves the retrieval accuracy and efficiency.
Antiquity of painted grey ware in Ganga plain: A note

The history of ceramic tradition in India is an interesting aspect in Indian archaeology, with the antiquity of manufacturing earthen pots going back as far as the prehistoric period. Generally in the community, it is said that pottery is the grammar of archaeology, or pottery is the alphabet of archaeology. Periodical and regional variations appear in the history of making pottery. The earliest remains of potsherds were handmade, associated with the late phase of the Mesolithic culture. Thereafter, technical and periodical advancements and transformations show up in their manufacturing and fabrication techniques until the time they were begun to be made on the fast driven turned wheel.
A public key-based encryption and signature verification model for secured image transmission in network

Image transmission is a challenging task due to the large file size and the security issues. Many existing systems on medical image transmission use symmetric key cryptography where the key is shared to multiple recipients leading to security leakage. This has been addressed by applying public key encryption schemes. However, a secured communication technique which uses compression, user authentication and encryption/decryption is more powerful than the existing systems on medical image transmission. Therefore, a new secured transmission algorithm which performs compression using singular value decomposition (SVD), user authentication using digital signatures and encryption/decryption using AES and RSA algorithms for image encryption and Hill-Cipher for data encryption which are coordinated using intelligent agents for communication and rules for decision making is proposed in this paper. The major advantages of the proposed model include fast transmission, increase in security and non-loss compression and decompression and intelligent decision making on medical image transmission.
What to do when my Parental Organization does not Own a Digital Repository?: A Case of Aggregating Repositories with a Slant to India

The institutional repositories play a vital role in disseminating the intellectual output of the incumbents of the institutions.The study reports the functioning of aggregating repositories as registered in OpenDOAR.OpenDOAR website and the websites of selected individual institutional repositories were browsed to collect the required data.The study reveals that : There are 107 open access aggregating digital repositories (IRs) which are registered in OpenDOAR as on 21st, November 2017.Europe tops with 48 IRs (45%) followed by North America with 31 IRs (29%).There are 46 repository organisations in Europe running 48 IRs.Maximum number of repositories i.e. 27 IRs (25 %) are in United States followed by France with 10 (9%) repositories.There are 24 repository organizations in United States which host 27 open access IRs.96 % (103) of the open access IRs registered in openDOAR are operational.67 (62% ) IRs have journal articles, 47 IRs (43 %) contain theses and dissertations and 29 (27%) IRs have books, chapters and Sections.72 (67%) have contents in English language.While 25 IRs (23%) have contents in Spanish, 15 IRs (14%) have digital contents in French.24 IRs (22 %) use Dspace and 13 of them (12 %) use SciELO software.65 IRs (60 %) are multi-disciplinary in nature viz they have contents on many subjects.While 22 IRs have contents on health and medicine, 5 IRs have contents on History and Archaeology.A majority of aggregating repositories have not explicitly defined their preservation, content, submission, data re-use and metadata use policies.Only 40 IRs were registered till 2006.By the end of 2010, the number doubled to 80.The numbers reached 100 by 2013.Dialnet of Spain has more than 4 crore items followed by Internet Archive with 2.2 crore items.Out of top 20, three IRs each are from US and Spain and 2 are from France.It also compares the functioning of three aggregating repositories of India.
Introductory concepts of differential geometry

This textbook is a comprehensive introduction to the key disciplines of mathematics - linear algebra, calculus, and geometry - needed in the undergraduate physics curriculum. Its leitmotiv is that success in learning these subjects depends on a good balance between theory and practice. Reflecting this belief, mathematical foundations are explained in pedagogical depth, and computational methods are introduced from a physicist's perspective and in a timely manner. This original approach presents concepts and methods as inseparable entities, facilitating in-depth understanding and making even advanced mathematics tangible. The book guides the reader from high-school level to advanced subjects such as tensor algebra, complex functions, and differential geometry. It contains numerous worked examples, info sections providing context, biographical boxes, several detailed case studies, over 300 problems, and fully worked solutions for all odd-numbered problems. An online solutions manual for all even-numbered problems will be made available to instructors.
Hacking Your App #2

We're going to take apart some apps in this chapter. This time, we will examine what an app looks like while it is running. Stepping through machine code is not my intention in this chapter. Instead, we are going to look at how we can reveal the inner workings of an app by tracing back from its functionality and user interface. A key skill that will unlock this all for us is called dynamic analysis.
Fast Contextual View Generation and Region of Interest Selection in 3D Medical Images Via Superellipsoid Manipulation, Blending and Constrained Region Growing

This thesis presents a 3D widget user-interface (UI), super-ellipsoid shape primitives and a customized volume rendering algorithm that together create a system effective for exploring 3D medical images and for selecting a 3D region within these images. Using a “painting” metaphor, the widget UI supports the fast and precise positioning of a super-ellipsoid shaped paint “blob”. The paint blob can be “deposited” and automatically blended with previously deposited blobs to form arbitrarily-shaped regions enclosing target image features. The rendering of these “focus” regions can be controlled separately from the surrounding contextual region, allowing medical experts to examine and measure image features relative to the context. The system’s core algorithms are designed to execute on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), resulting in real-time interaction and high-quality visualizations. The focus plus context visualization system presented in this thesis is validated via a user study and a series of experiments.