Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Protecting the quantum interference of cat states by phase-space compression

Cat states, with their unique phase-space interference properties, are ideal candidates for understanding fundamental principles of quantum mechanics and performing key quantum information processing tasks. However, they are highly susceptible to photon loss, which inevitably diminishes their quantum non-Gaussian features. Here, we protect these non-Gaussian features against photon loss by compressing the phase-space distribution of a cat state. We achieve this compression with a deterministic technique based on the echo conditional displacement operation in a circuit QED device. We present a versatile technique for creating robust non-Gaussian continuous-variable resource states in a highly linear bosonic mode and manipulating their phase-space distribution to achieve enhanced resilience against photon loss. Compressed cat states offer an attractive avenue for obtaining new insights into quantum foundations and quantum metrology, and for developing inherently more protected bosonic codewords for quantum error correction.
CT-DQN: Control-Tutored Deep Reinforcement Learning

One of the major challenges in Deep Reinforcement Learning for control is the need for extensive training to learn the policy. Motivated by this, we present the design of the Control-Tutored Deep Q-Networks (CT-DQN) algorithm, a Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithm that leverages a control tutor, i.e., an exogenous control law, to reduce learning time. The tutor can be designed using an approximate model of the system, without any assumption about the knowledge of the system's dynamics. There is no expectation that it will be able to achieve the control objective if used stand-alone. During learning, the tutor occasionally suggests an action, thus partially guiding exploration. We validate our approach on three scenarios from OpenAI Gym: the inverted pendulum, lunar lander, and car racing. We demonstrate that CT-DQN is able to achieve better or equivalent data efficiency with respect to the classic function approximation solutions.
HAMMER: Multi-Level Coordination of Reinforcement Learning Agents via Learned Messaging

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved significant results, most notably by leveraging the representation-learning abilities of deep neural networks. However, large centralized approaches quickly become infeasible as the number of agents scale, and fully decentralized approaches can miss important opportunities for information sharing and coordination. Furthermore, not all agents are equal -- in some cases, individual agents may not even have the ability to send communication to other agents or explicitly model other agents. This paper considers the case where there is a single, powerful, \emph{central agent} that can observe the entire observation space, and there are multiple, low-powered \emph{local agents} that can only receive local observations and are not able to communicate with each other. The central agent's job is to learn what message needs to be sent to different local agents based on the global observations, not by centrally solving the entire problem and sending action commands, but by determining what additional information an individual agent should receive so that it can make a better decision. In this work we present our MARL algorithm \algo, describe where it would be most applicable, and implement it in the cooperative navigation and multi-agent walker domains. Empirical results show that 1) learned communication does indeed improve system performance, 2) results generalize to heterogeneous local agents, and 3) results generalize to different reward structures.
The language of legal populism – a philosophical and legal perspective

Populism researchers draw attention to the vital role of language in the implementation of Popularist agenda. This role is discernible in propaganda practices, in attempts to redefine pre-existing notions, and in changing social – but also – linguistic conventions. The recent wave of populism (2010–2021) touches upon law and the rule of law in a special way, and thus phenomena such as propaganda, redefinition of notions and change of convention are often implemented in the field of the language of law. This elaboration is an attempt to analyse the mechanism of changes in the linguistic conventions governing the language of the law and legal language caused by populism, while the tool for this analysis is the philosophy of law applying the achievements of the philosophy of language. Using the concepts and theories proposed by E. Laclau, N. Lacey, R.G. Millikan and F. Recanati, in this study, I explain what the change of legal culture – being conducted by populists – is, defined as a set of linguistic and behavioural conventions relevant to the law. The predominant thesis of the research paper in this area is the claim that the populist change of legal culture consists in turning concepts that are vital for law into empty or constantly floating signifiers, and in destroying legal conventions by 1) ceasing to reproduce behaviours that have so far constituted linguistic and behavioural conventions in the field of law, or 2) initiating the reproduction of new behaviours. In both cases, the modification of the convention entails the loss of their ability to perform functions that are appropriate within the meaning of R.G. Millikan, and thus causes a decline or loss of social usefulness. The analysis carried out enables to draw conclusions as to how the populist change of legal culture can be counteracted.
Words ‘svet’ [Light] and ‘solntse’ [Sun] as Main Representatives of Concept LIGHT in Work of M. M. Prishvin

The features of the content structure of the concept LIGHT in the work of M. M. Prishvin is discussed in the article. The writer’s works and diaries covering the period from 1905 to 1954 are used as a source of material. A comprehensive analysis of the linguistic material has been carried out and some individual author’s interpretations of the implicit meaning of the concept LIGHT have been identified. The work was carried out within the framework of the AntCont program, in which a corpus of 83 documents representing the writer’s texts was formed. Particular attention is paid to the semantic components of the analyzed concept, which are revealed through the reconstruction of its nominative field, including various lexico-semantic groups. The statistical indicators of nouns associated with the concept of LIGHT made it possible to single out high-frequency, mid-frequency and low-frequency units that make up the core and periphery of the concept. A corpus analysis of lexical units representing the core of the concept LIGHT was carried out in combination with the methods of component, contextual and distributional analysis. With the help of the immediate environment, 7 main features of the nuclear components (‘svet’ [light] and ‘solntse’ [sun]) that make up the concept of LIGHT in the work of M. Prishvin were identified: temporality, location, intensity, color, spirituality, temperature, appraisal.
Decentralized E-Voting System Using Blockchain

Abstract: Voting is a primary right of every citizen living ina country. Traditional methods used for voting includes paper ballot system, EVMs (Electronic Voting Machines), etc. which are still followed and trusted by every voter or citizen blindly. These voting systems can have ambiguity as the data is maintainedunder a centralized environment whether it is counting the paper ballots or storing the vote caste on a computer server. Thisuse of a centralized database for the voting system has some security issues such as Data modification through the third party in the network due to the use of the central database systemas well as the result of the voting is not shown in real-time, or manipulation with the data which can hamper the result and thus have an impact on not only system integrity but also lose faith in democracy, government, nation, etc. The voting methods used in an election should be legal, accurate, safe, and convenient.
IoT Connected Smart Pill Box

Abstract: A pill box is a container used to organize your medication doses for a set period of time. If you need to take several different prescriptions, a pill box comes in quite handy. You won't have to worry about forgetting to take your prescription. The aim of our project is to create a smart pill box that will allow patients to take all their prescribed medication on time and minimize the chances of missing any dose. Due to the current fast-paced lifestyle, the tendency to forget has risen amongst the population. As a result, many people forget to take their medication. This issue will be rectified with our smart pill box.
WORK ENGAGEMENT EFFECTS ON JOB SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTION WITH GENERATION AS MODERATING VARIABLE

Introduction: The focus of this study is to see how work engagement affects employees’ job satisfaction and turnover intention within Generation X and Millennials. Methods: This study uses quantitative methods and data were collected by giving questionnaires to employees from different generations. Results: The results of this study are expected to give insight and solutions for the organization on how to understand work engagement for increasing job satisfaction and decreasing turnover intention among their employees. Conclusion and suggestion: Generation also does not provide a moderating effect on the relationship between work engagement and turnover intention. The existence of a non-significant relationship can be caused by a characteristic similarity between Generation X and Millennials.
CURRENT ASPECTS OF DIGITALIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE

Some aspects and technologies of knowledge delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic and the full-scale military invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation, which led to the occupation of certain regions and the destruction of many educational institutions in the areas of active hostilities, are considered. Many children who left the territory of Ukraine with their parents have significant problems with online education. University applicants who stay in the temporarily occupied territories are forced to avoid the enemy’s common practice to Russify the educational process and impose their methodological narratives. Part of the teaching staff ceased their professional activities in domestic higher education institutions. Such difficulties in the educational process in Ukraine are related, in particular, to the inadequate access of potential users to the online environment, to the problems that have arisen in the activities of higher education institutions. In view of this, directions to address those issues in the process of educational activities digitalization are proposed, the dynamics of Ukraine population’s access to electronic and digital resources is analyzed, and a model of knowledge delivery to pupils and students during the pandemic and war is developed. The future requirements for education in the process of digitalization are detailed, and the challenges that the higher education institutions will face in the future are structured. The directions of development and application of artificial intelligence technologies in the educational sphere are substantiated. A three-component flowchart of the "road map" for progressive actions aimed at the implementation of artificial intelligence in the system of staff training by higher education institutions is proposed. The need for institutional improvement of higher education institutions activities, modernization of their technological resources is proved, the vectors of artificial intelligence development are proposed. The areas of neurotechnologies application and the ethical limits of their use are defined. The need to synchronize the actions of higher education institutions, stakeholders and users to achieve a synergistic effect of digitalization and the implementation of artificial intelligence in educational activities has been emphasized.
Extending CLIP for Category-to-image Retrieval in E-commerce

E-commerce provides rich multimodal data that is barely leveraged in practice. One aspect of this data is a category tree that is being used in search and recommendation. However, in practice, during a user's session there is often a mismatch between a textual and a visual representation of a given category. Motivated by the problem, we introduce the task of category-to-image retrieval in e-commerce and propose a model for the task, CLIP-ITA. The model leverages information from multiple modalities (textual, visual, and attribute modality) to create product representations. We explore how adding information from multiple modalities (textual, visual, and attribute modality) impacts the model's performance. In particular, we observe that CLIP-ITA significantly outperforms a comparable model that leverages only the visual modality and a comparable model that leverages the visual and attribute modality.
Optimization of Window Size for Calculating Semantic Coherence Within an Essay

Over the last fifty years, as the field of automated essay evaluation has progressed, several ways have been offered. The three aspects of style, substance, and semantics are the primary focus of automated essay evaluation. The style and content attributes have received the most attention, while the semantics attribute has received less attention. A smaller fraction of the essay (window) is chosen to measure semantics, and the essay is broken into smaller portions using this window. The goal of this work is to determine an acceptable window size for measuring semantic coherence between different parts of the essay with more precision.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE READING CORNER THROUGH THE SCHOOL LITERATURE MOVEMENT IN INCREASING STUDENT'S READING INTEREST IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

This study aims to determine students' reading interest through literacy movements in schools that implement reading corners in the classroom. This research was carried out at the Irsyadul Ibad Islamic Elementary School in Pandeglang Banten Province. The subjects in the study were fourth-grade students, totaling 40 students. The research uses descriptive qualitative methods, observation, and interviews as data collection instruments. The results showed that there was an increase in students' interest in reading after the implementation of the reading corner in the literacy movement at school. Students feel happy and comfortable in carrying out reading learning activities at school. The reading corner also impacts increasing the intensity of students' reading time because, through the implementation of the reading corner, students are given 15 minutes to read each before starting learning. Support for the literacy movement in schools is needed from various parties, such as teachers, principals, parents, and the community. Schools are expected to provide support for the availability of facilities and infrastructure to support the implementation of reading corner activities so that the reading corner has attractive decorations, a varied collection of books, and other representative supporting facilities. One obstacle in implementing the reading corner is students' boredom with reading. This happens because the concentration and focus of elementary school students are still easily distracted by playing activities, so teacher assistance is needed in this activity. Teachers must be facilitators and motivators for students in reading activities. In implementing reading corner activities, teachers are advised to carry out three activity stages: habituation, development, and literacy-based learning. A good literacy program must be balanced, and schools that implement a balanced literacy program must realize that each student has different learning styles and needs.
Teaching competencies in virtual education

The development of teaching skills in virtual education constituted a boom in times of the COVID-19 pandemic, therefore, the present aims to analyze the skills of Virtual Education in teachers in university extensions. This study was carried out following the guidelines of the positivist paradigm on quantitative bases. The field research was descriptive. Data collection was carried out through a survey in Likert format. The analysis of the data was carried out using the technique of descriptive statistics with an exploratory scope and from a bibliographic review for its theoretical and conceptual development. The results reflected that teachers occasionally manage virtual education specifically in the use of digital tools for their pedagogical action,however, the majority assumes the challenge given the uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Strategies Use in Chinese Language Learning among Non-Native Chinese Language Learners in Malaysia

This study focused on the use of learning strategies in Chinese-as-a-second-language acquisition among former Chinese National Type School (SJKC) non-native Chinese language (CL) learners.The strategies use was observed in terms of their process of learning and language used, namely language learning strategies (LLS) and language used strategies (LUS).Both LLS and LUS were further investigated for vocabulary, reading, and writing (namely VS, RS, and WS).A questionnaire adapted from Cohen, Oxford, and Chi's (2002) Language Strategy Use Inventory was applied to 79 former SJKC non-native CL learners in order to collect data on their favourite learning strategies.With regard to the quantitative data analysis, descriptive statistics, a series of t-tests, ANOVA, and correlational analyses were used.Findings of this study indicated that the participants put more effort in writing.Findings also showed that there was a higher rate of LUS among high proficiency CL learners.It was also revealed in this study that there was a significant relationship between vocabulary strategy (VS), reading strategy (RS) and writing strategy (WS), and that WS is highly dependable on their RS and VS.Consequently, students need to strengthen their RS and VS specifically, in order to better perform WS, which leads to a higher level of language proficiency.
Towards a Rigorous Evaluation of Time-series Anomaly Detection

In recent years, proposed studies on time-series anomaly detection (TAD) report high F1 scores on benchmark TAD datasets, giving the impression of clear improvements in TAD. However, most studies apply a peculiar evaluation protocol called point adjustment (PA) before scoring. In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally reveal that the PA protocol has a great possibility of overestimating the detection performance; that is, even a random anomaly score can easily turn into a state-of-the-art TAD method. Therefore, the comparison of TAD methods after applying the PA protocol can lead to misguided rankings. Furthermore, we question the potential of existing TAD methods by showing that an untrained model obtains comparable detection performance to the existing methods even when PA is forbidden. Based on our findings, we propose a new baseline and an evaluation protocol. We expect that our study will help a rigorous evaluation of TAD and lead to further improvement in future researches.
SOCIO-CULTURAL COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT BASED ON THE USE OF VIRTUAL REALITY TOOLS FOR STUDENTS IN THE FIELD OF TRAINING ‘PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION (WITH TWO TRAINING PROFILES)’

Purpose. The article is devoted to the ways to develop the university students’ socio-cultural competences. The article deals with the students in the direction of training 44.03.05 Pedagogical education (with two training profiles), profiles “The first foreign language and the Second foreign language”. The purpose of the article is to describe the peculiarities of using virtual reality tools for the socio-cultural competence development of the Pedagogical University 3rd year students. The objectives of the study include the selection of virtual reality tools for the formation of socio-cultural competence, the description of the features of their application and the results of experimental work in English language classes.&#x0D; Methodology. The basis of the research is the methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization, experiential training.&#x0D; Results. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that the possibilities of individual virtual reality tools for the development of socio-cultural competence of students are considered for the first time. The practical result of the study is the creation of methodological recommendations for a foreign language teacher of a higher school on the use of virtual reality tools in the practice of teaching English at a university.&#x0D; Practical implications. The results of the study can be of use for the university English language teachers when getting ready for the classes on “Area and Cultural Studies”, “History of the English language”, “Practical course in the English language”.
THE ISSUE OF NETWORK INTERACTION IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Purpose. The article discusses the issues related to the organization of network interaction in the educational process. The purpose of the work is to study the concepts of “interaction” and “network interaction” provided by scientists who have studied this topic, as well as to determine authors’ definition.&#x0D; Methods. The authors conduct a review of the literature sources on the issue under study as well as use methods of comparative analysis.&#x0D; Results. The network interaction between teachers and students is a social, psychological and pedagogical phenomenon. It improves students’ skills of self-consciousness, self-organization and self-assessment. Being a collaborative educational activity, it is a tool for students’ development and self-development. The use of remote technologies and possibilities of communication resources contributes to the growth of students’ informational culture.
ROLE OF INFORMAL ASSESSMENT IN IMPROVING STUDENTS` REFLECTION

Purpose. The article is devoted to various methods of informal assessment and their potential for developing students’ reflective skills. The authors analyze different theories and approaches to reflective learning in order to design tools for enhancing students’ reflective abilities.&#x0D; Methodology. The data obtained through the research are evaluated and interpreted on the basis of the descriptive approach. The authors also adopt the reflective-activity approach for designing a set of reflective statements.&#x0D; Results. The authors study the main features of informal assessment, compare and contrast them with the forms of formal assessment pointing out that new approaches to assessment such as Learning Oriented Assessment (LOA) should be adopted in order to promote learning, motivate students and encourage their autonomy. Special attention is given to feedback as an LOA component, which correlates with the concept of reflective learning. The authors analyze various theories of reflective learning and design a system of reflective statement, which could be used as a means of practical development of students’ reflective abilities.&#x0D; Practical implications. The results of the research can be applied in teaching practice of various disciplines at higher educational establishments.