Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
SQLI Attack: An Approach using ML and Hybrid Techniques

Abstract: Web-based systems are significantly at risk from SQL Injection Attacks (SQLIA), particularly in industries that handle sensitive data, like finance and healthcare. During these attacks, hostile actors insert false SQL queries into the database server of a web application in an effort to steal sensitive data. The use of classifiers and techniques like end-to-end deep learning and expanding the Aho-Corasick algorithm to detect SQLIA attacks have been covered in the literature. These researches have shed light on identifying and minimizing SQLIA, but the problem still exists. To detect and prevent SQLIA, a thorough methodology is suggested that combines static and dynamic studies with machine learning and hybrid tactics. The study compares several machine learning algorithms with hybrid techniques, showcasing the hybrid strategy's higher performance in both training and test sets. This method, which provides a practical means to secure web applications, is put out as a potential remedy for the persistent problem of SQLIA. In result, SQL Injection Attacks continue to be a danger, requiring effective ways for detection and prevention. It is highlighted as a promising solution the potential of machine learning and hybrid solutions, notably the hybrid approach. The study emphasizes how crucial it is to follow recommended procedures for protecting online applications from SQLIA attacks.
Virtual Mouse Using Artificial Intelligence

Abstract: The "AI Virtual Mouse" project represents a pioneering exploration at the intersection of computer vision, machine learning, and digital artistry. This endeavor seeks to revolutionize the conventional modes of digital art creation by introducing an immersive, hands-free painting experience through the interpretation of hand gestures. Motivated by a vision to make digital art more intuitive and interactive, the project employs sophisticated hand tracking facilitated by the MediaPipe library and robust image processing via the OpenCV framework. By discerning the nuanced movements of the hand in real- time, the system translates these gestures into dynamic strokes on a virtual canvas, eliminating the physical barriers that often accompany traditional input devices. This abstract encapsulates the project's core objectives, highlighting its architectural foundations, implementation strategies, and future trajectories. The convergence of technology and artistic expression in the AI Virtual Mouse project presents a paradigm shift in how individuals engage with digital canvases. It not only democratizes the creative process by mirroring natural artistic gestures but also lays the groundwork for a more personalized and collaborative approach to digital art creation. As technological landscapes continue to evolve, this project stands as a testament to the potential of artificial intelligence in fostering innovative and accessible avenues for artistic exploration. The paper delves into the details of the AI Virtual Mouse, offering insights into its current capabilities and paving the way for an exciting future where the realms of technology and creativity seamlessly intertwine.
NLP and Human-Computer Interaction: Enhancing User Experience through Language Technology

Abstract: The interaction between humans and computers in our daily lives has become increasingly important in the age of ubiquitous digital technology. To rethink and improve the user experience, this research examines the complex area where Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) meet. Improved user experience, improved usability, and increased accessibility are all advantages of improved HCI. The value of NLP and ML in numerous disciplines is demonstrated through practical applications including chatbots, virtual assistants, and recommendation systems. This paper explores how NLP technology, in the context of a voice-activated virtual assistant, enriches HCI to create a more engaging and intuitive user experience.
Knowledge Graphs for Cultural Heritage and Digital Humanities

Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums (so-called GLAMs) as well as digital humanities researchers are more and more publishing and sharing digital data, information and knowledge online. This opens new opportunities for cross-institute, cross-researcher and cross-project collaborations and analyses of such (multi-modal) data. Semantic Web principles and technologies and more specifically Knowledge Graphs are excellent models for representing and integrating heterogeneous data while allowing for standardized access and querying. However, several challenges remain in the modelling, enriching and linking such cultural knowledge graphs, as well as making them usable for a variety of real-world user tasks.
The Role of Distributed Ledger Technology in Banking

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is a way of managing, storing, and sharing information over a distributed network. The position of DLT in banking can be seen as controversial as it is a rapidly evolving technology with both potential benefits and challenges. The Role of Distributed Ledger Technology in Banking presents a balanced assessment of both the opportunities and risks behind such recent innovations. Combining theory and practice, it explores the impact of DLT in the banking sector and offers the opportunity to exploit different points of view from different disciplines. It presents topics from both a theoretical and practical point of view, highlighting concrete applications. Written by a team of experts from academia and the banking sector, this book looks at DLT not as a threat but as an exciting opportunity to bring the banking/financial system in the future.
Attitudes and responsibilities of students against online learning

This research attempts to determine how student attitudes and responsibilities towards online learning vary according to ability and education level. Attitudes towards educators, learning processes, and learning materials are all quantifiable. Individuals’ initial knowledge is determined by their ability to use information technology, their willingness to use it, and their perceptions of computer and internet reliability. This research focuses on undergraduate, masters, and doctoral students at Universitas Negeri Surabaya, which is located in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. This research utilized a non-experimental quantitative design. This research used questionnaires serving as the data collection instrument. The findings indicated that attitudes towards online learning varied according to one’s initial level of competence and education. Despite this, there was no gender disparity in students’ attitudes towards online learning. The degree to which students are responsible for online learning varies according to their baseline competence and education level. Keywords: attitude; online learning; responsibility; students; university.
Attacks against Groups

Chapter 3 makes the case for classifying five grey area examples as hate speech in the ordinary sense of the term based on the global resemblance test. We also argue that Facebook’s community standard on hate speech is ambiguous, inconsistent, and incomplete in relation to these examples, and so recommend specific reforms. Section 3.2 looks at hybrid attacks, which, like personal insults, target specific individuals, but, like prototypical hate speech, also attack the groups to which targeted individuals belong and, go beyond standard protected characteristics. Section 3.3 investigates selective attacks, which are derogatory or insulting words that refer to only a subset of a group or else to an amalgamated set of people who belong to multiple groups. Section 3.4 scrutinises reverse attacks, which involve words used by members of groups typically perceived as victims against groups more usually considered perpetrators. Section 3.5 examines righteous attacks, which we associate with attacks in pursuit of some righteous cause. Finally, Section 3.6 assesses indirect attacks, wherein the speaker intentionally uses a derogatory word to address or target someone whom the speaker knows or presumes to be not a member of the group referred to by the word under its literal or primary meaning.
Orienting the Ordinary and Legal Concepts of Hate Speech

Chapter 5 seeks to orient the ordinary and legal concepts of hate speech. Section 5.2 uncovers various ways in which the ordinary and legal concepts of hate speech come together, including in terms of the kinds of speech they both count as hate speech. In Section 5.3, however, we turn to consider the potential sources of divergence between the ordinary and legal concepts of hate speech including the differing social functions or purposes played by the two concepts. Section 5.4 addresses the nature of the relationship and interaction between the ordinary and legal concepts of hate speech. Finally, in Section 5.5 we try to show why theoretical disagreements about the relationship between the ordinary and legal concepts of hate speech matter. In particular, we argue that uncovering these deeper disagreements can help to explain both the source of some academic controversies about the legitimacy of hate speech laws and the source of some wider public debates about the rights and wrongs of social media platform content policies on hate speech.
Uncovering digital competencies among language teachers: A case study of pre-service English teachers in Saudi Arabia

The role of technology as a catalyst for change and development has become irrefutable in various language learning settings. However, not all language teachers are mindful about using technology in their language teaching practices, owing to their lack of adequate digital competencies. The purpose of this research is to promote digital competencies and related components among the study participants. This investigation applies the 2019 Framework of Competency Profile for digital teachers. The results were obtained by quantitative analysis, using data collected from a sample of 151 language learners, all enrolled in BA English language programs across 8 universities in Saudi Arabia. The findings demonstrated participants’ highest and lowest digital competencies, leading the researcher to identify practical implications, particularly regarding how to conduct training to compensate for low competencies. The findings also revealed that there is no correlation between levels of study and digital competencies. There was also no influence of gender on digital competencies. Keywords: Digital competence; language teachers; pre-service teachers; skills; training programs.
The principles of algorithmic justice in the digital market

Artificial intelligence (AI) is not only a theoretical concept but a set of various technologies that are transforming nearly every aspect of human life. In particular, advanced algorithms constitute the core of many digital products and services, and therefore they have a great impact on the digital market. This chapter focuses on the notion of 'algorithmic justice', which originated in the context of criminal justice, and aims to apply it to the domain of the digital market since numerous aspects of this concept are common for any use of AI systems. By analysing and comparing documents of several international organizations on ethical AI, the chapter proves that there is a de facto standard with respect to the regulation of AI systems in order for them to be deemed ethical, safe and fair. The aspects analysed include human oversight, protection of privacy, technical safety, transparency, fairness, social beneficence and accountability. Together they comprise pillars of algorithmic justice. Moreover, they are also becoming de iure standards. The chapter identifies the key problems which algorithms pose in the digital market and determines - from a market perspective - the main risks in case of non-compliance. In the chapter, new developments in the European Union's (EU) regulation of the digital market are analysed. Special emphasis is given to the proposal for the Artificial Intelligence Act. Based on the results of the conducted analysis, one can determine that most of the standards of algorithmic justice are already implemented into the current or prospective EU legislation. The overall model of the forthcoming regulation of algorithms in the EU is on the one hand very extensive and in practice may be onerous for businesses; however, on the other hand, for some elements of algorithmic justice, legal solutions have not yet been found. The system of algorithmic justice is associated with many legal and ethical issues; however, if it is correctly implemented, it may entail enhanced legal certainty and greater transparency/predictability of decision-making processes.
A European legal framework for digital identities, digital authentication and electronic signatures: reflections on a moving target

This chapter looks at a European legal framework for digital identities, digital authentication and electronic signatures. The present directives (eIDAS) are looked at in light of their historical development and present purpose, and future initiatives such as the EDI proposal are analyzed.
Let the Chart Spark: Embedding Semantic Context into Chart with Text-to-Image Generative Model

Pictorial visualization seamlessly integrates data and semantic context into visual representation, conveying complex information in an engaging and informative manner. Extensive studies have been devoted to developing authoring tools to simplify the creation of pictorial visualizations. However, mainstream works follow a retrieving-and-editing pipeline that heavily relies on retrieved visual elements from a dedicated corpus, which often compromise data integrity. Text-guided generation methods are emerging, but may have limited applicability due to their predefined entities. In this work, we propose ChartSpark, a novel system that embeds semantic context into chart based on text-to-image generative models. ChartSpark generates pictorial visualizations conditioned on both semantic context conveyed in textual inputs and data information embedded in plain charts. The method is generic for both foreground and background pictorial generation, satisfying the design practices identified from empirical research into existing pictorial visualizations. We further develop an interactive visual interface that integrates a text analyzer, editing module, and evaluation module to enable users to generate, modify, and assess pictorial visualizations. We experimentally demonstrate the usability of our tool, and conclude with a discussion of the potential of using text-to-image generative models combined with an interactive interface for visualization design.
Generalized Feature Learning for Detection of Novel Objects

Few-shot object detection (FSOD) aims at heuristically detecting novel objects with limited labeled data. Typical methods focus on the advanced classifications using the features extracted from common backbones. However, these features are usually base domain-biased, which trap the methods due to insufficient knowledge learned by common backbones. In this correspondence, a novel FSOD network is designed via learning of deep-level generalized features. Specifically, a two-branch backbone is introduced by adding a category-agnostic feature extractor as a parallel branch of common backbone, which preserves valuable but coarse features out of base classes. To fully refine these features, a source aggregation scheme with probabilistic pathway selection and source-based channel dropout is designed, which prevents the network from falling into the dominant optimization of base classes. The resulting generalized features are less-biased features, which increases the adaptability to novel classes. Besides, a loose contrastive loss is provided as extra supervised information to relieve overfitting. As a result, the proposed method reaches a good compatibility with the data out of base classes. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through experiments on PASCAL VOC, COCO, and iCubWorld Transformations datasets.
INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH: THE ROLE OF ART IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION

The article is devoted not only and not so much to the fully justified need for an in-depth study of all types of arts and an integration of artistic practices into education, but rather to a discussion of the productivity of an interdisciplinary approach both in pedagogical practice and in scientific activity in the humanities. More precisely, we focus on the problem of engaging art as a resource for scientific discourse. It is in this sense that the notion of interdisciplinarity is used. Speaking specifically about art including works of fiction, for all the obvious advantages of such an interdisciplinary approach, in practice its integration into the pedagogical and scientific process remains far from perfect, especially in the Russian education system. The same is observed in science, where art, as a rule, is not taken into account, remaining alien in the system of academic research. In this paper, we attempt to show, using various examples, that art is a rich educational and scientific resource that can yield invaluable results, and even open up new unexpected horizons.
ARTISTIC AND AESTHETIC LITERACY: ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT

The article deals with the development of the concept of artistic and aesthetic literacy. The authors distinguish the types of functional literacy associated with the aesthetic sphere of the universe (culture in general, culture of an individual, education), and analyze the concept of “cultural literacy”. At the same time, viewing cultural literacy as metaliteracy within the framework of the modern anthropocentric paradigm, the authors propose to consider aesthetic (artistic and aesthetic) literacy as one of its components. The authors perceive “literacy” related to certain arts (visual arts, music, choreography, theatre, etc.) as local components of functional literacy in the field of art pedagogy. The analysis of approaches to understanding the structure and content of aesthetic literacy proposed by domestic and foreign researchers, including within the framework of international studies, shows that human interaction with the sphere of art is not limited in everyday life to any one type of art. The authors conclude that the content of artistic and aesthetic literacy, formed in the process of students’ interaction with art as a component of culture, is characterized by complexity, breadth of content, focus on effective adaptation and socialization of students in modern conditions, aestheticization of living and educational space.
18. Advancing ‘openness’ as a strategy against platformisation in education

Technocritique emerging from the field of education often fails (future) educators by only providing them with ‘critical perspectives’, but no clear insight into strategies or tactics of resistance and collective action. Resisting the ever-growing techno-corporate mammoth in education, as well as extractive surveillance, demands having (1) a critical consciousness, (2) learning to engage collectively, and importantly, (3) identifying possible alternatives and strategies to deploy by both students and educators. This chapter is a reflective, practice-based narrative on the experiences of such emancipatory teaching to future educators regarding the platformization of education. Drawing on experiences from teaching, it aims to provide insight into the strategies and ideas created over time as two Brazilian educators navigated the complex landscape of teaching in a novel, collaborative format during the pandemic.
Development of the Digital Competences of Perspective Primary-School Teachers

This paper examines the digital competences of current and perspective primary-school teachers the content that the ICT courses at the Educational faculty of Plovdiv university provide and their potential to develop the digital competences of the students during their studies at the university. In order to analyse the content areas of the ICT courses at the Educational faculty a content analysis was conducted of their thematic content which outlined their main focus and deficiencies. Focus group interviews with 91 primary-school teachers was also conducted which aimed to investigate to what extent digital competences are required in their professional life; which software products and applications are most often used in their work and third, how university courses can adapt in order to enhance students’ digital competences. The findings from this research will provide valuable insights into how universities can better prepare student teachers for the ever-evolving world of education technology.
Tunisia will walk a financial tightrope

Significance The president has repeatedly rejected the idea of resuming negotiations with the international lender. Instead, he aims gradually to reduce dependence on external financing from Western financial institutions, relying mainly on a relatively positive macroeconomic outlook that has so far enabled Tunisia to remain solvent. Impacts Socio-economic conditions will continue to drive outward migration towards Europe. The political space will narrow further, with authorities limiting the opposition’s ability to mobilise and organise protests. Tunisian foreign policy will more closely align with the likes of Algeria, especially on the Israeli-Arab conflict.
Fuzzy Dot Completely Closed BH-Ideal of BH-Algebra

This article introduces the ideas of fuzzy dots in BH-algebras and fuzzy dots ideals in BH-algebras and discusses some of the research's findings. Keywords: Fuzzy dots, BH-algebras, BCK-algebras
Peer Review Statement

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review : Double Anonymous • Conference submission management system : Morressier • Number of submissions received : 39 • Number of submissions sent for review : 30 • Number of submissions accepted : 29 • Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100) : 74.4 • Average number of reviews per paper : 1.1379310344827587 • Total number of reviewers involved : 11 • Contact person for queries : Name : Zhiwei Z Email : zhao_zw@seu.edu.cn Affiliation : Southeast University
Privacy-Preserving Techniques for Social Network Analysis

With the increasing concerns over data privacy, preserving the privacy of individuals in social network analysis has become crucial. This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of methods and techniques to protect individual privacy while conducting social network analysis. We perform a deep analysis of differential privacy, which is a rigorous mathematical framework to protect individual privacy while enabling accurate analysis of network structure and characteristics. Additionally, this tutorial explores a variety of examples and case studies to demonstrate the application of these techniques in practical scenarios.
Local Dampening: Differential Privacy for Non-numeric Queries via Local Sensitivity

Differential privacy is the state-of-the-art formal definition for data release under strong privacy guarantees. We present the local dampening mechanism a differentially private mechanism for non-numeric queries. Our approach is the first to leverage the notion of local sensitivity to reduce noise injected to the output. We develop a theoretical accuracy analysis to show the conditions that our approach performs accurately and we conduct an experimental evaluation with competitors on diverse problems. Those contributions were published on VDLB conference and on the special issue of the VLDB journal. Non-related contributions were published in SBBD, SBRC, CLOSER and FGCS. This work was carried out in cooperation with AT&amp;T Labs Research - USA.