Políticas de suporte para periódicos científicos em acesso aberto no Brasil

The research aims to reflect on the context of the policies of support to the journals in open access in Brazil, with emphasis on actions taken in the country to consolidate the Open Access Movement. A qualitative methodology is used, focusing on a selective and interpretative bibliographic analysis of information sources on open access journals in Brazil. Support for journals comes from a context in which national journals have a small presence on international indexing bases, raising the interest of agencies to foster a select nucleus of publications based on quality criteria. In the 1990s, the introduction of information technology in publishing led to a quantitative and qualitative leap in publications; in addition, the decentralized structure of the Internet and its wide reach represented the possibility of greater coverage of publications, allowing more access the results of the surveys. Although the country already had a mainly open access publication system, it was launched by representatives of the scientific community interested in disseminating the principles of open access among research institutions, teaching, research support agencies and the academic community, a series of manifestos of support to the Movement, since they represented the politicization of the scientific community and the existing policies for scientific publishing towards an international movement linked to the freedom and democratization of the access to scientific information. In the Brazilian case, development agencies, in addition to supporting the development of research and the publication of their researchers in international journals, provided researchers and students access to these publications, either through the signing of titles or the maintenance of scientific publications portals. Regarding the funding of publications in open access, the line of promotion to periodicals offered by the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), together with the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), is indicated. which aims to support the publication of Brazilian scientific journals of high specialization. Similarly, the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) maintains a line of assistance to publications that offers funding for journals that are indexed in meaningful databases, prioritizing titles that meet the requirements for electronic linkage within SciELO. The SciELO project is the most consolidated open access policy in the country, accompanied by the IBICT's technological diffusion initiatives, such as the Electronic Journaling System (SEER) and tools for the creation of digital repositories. These open access scientific and technological policies are relevant to Brazilian science, and the State is the main supporter of the Open Access Movement. It is concluded that open access to scientific literature is practically a Brazilian national policy, since the formal scientific communication consists mainly of free electronic journals, however, we encounter a series of challenges faced by Brazilian scientific journals that hinder their development as reduced financial resources and human resources training.