Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
The Result of Current Differential Treatment and Prospects of the Development Agenda

The negotiation on agriculture in the Uruguay Round of the GATT (UR) created commitments on reduction of trade-distorting payments in three dimensions : domestic support, market access and export competition. The outcome of the UR was synthesized into the WTO agreements, and all of the member countries were required to accept the agreements as a whole without any exceptions. On the other hand, they also contained special and differential treatment (S&D) of developing countries. The levels of reduction of tariffs after tariffication, aggregated measurement of support (AMS) and values of export subsidies and amounts of their targets were kept at two-thirds of the regular requirements. Trends in world agricultural trade from 1995 to 2000 showed an increase in export amount, especially the amount of soybeans and primary commodities such as coffee, cocoa beans and palm oil. However, export values of almost all major products decreased except for soybeans and poultry. These changes, caused mainly by decreases in price, seem to express the trade expansion effects of market liberalization by WTO agreements without remarkable gain of developing countries exporting agricultural commodities. Therefore, the discontent of these countries surged, and they strongly requested to set the new negotiations as a “development agenda”. World agricultural export expanded in both value and amount in the 2000s, and prices of major produce skyrocketed in 2007 and 2008. Then the prices plunged into a dive in 2009 but quickly recovered in 2010. The exports of cereals and soybeans have remained at high levels, meat exports have increased steadily, and primary commodity prices have fluctuated sharply. The exporters of cereals, soybeans and meat have benefited little from the more liberalized market. On the other hand, the exporters of primary commodities and the net food importers still face fragile situations. The negotiation on agriculture in the Doha Development Agenda should pay more attention to the interests of these fragile countries in order to be more effective as a “development agenda.”
Egy keretalapú metaforaelemzés lehetőségei. Az azonosító konstrukció példája

The paper aims at exploring and demonstrating the productivity of a semantic frame-based analysis of metaphorical meaning.It describes the notion of semantic frame, then it presents two frame-based models of metaphorization (frame-shifting and constructional approach) in details.After the theoretical foundation a case study is carried out about the Hungarian metaphorical equative constructions.The realizations of the construction is investigated in the Hungarian National Corpus2, resulting in an overview of the usage of the pattern.Finally, three occurrences of the sample are scrutinized relying on the data of the FrameNet database.
Digital Footprint in the Educational Environment as a Regulator of Student Vocational Guidance to the Teaching Profession

The article is devoted to the digital footprint in education as a method of improving the career guidance of students of pedagogical higher education at all stages of their theoretical and practical training. The article discusses approaches to students’ career guidance and pedagogical orientation based on the analysis of their digital footprint in the learning environment and external resources. The review of researches in collecting, analysing and interpreting students’ digital footprint and in career guidance of future teachers is provided. Moreover, the article outlines preliminary adjustments to the concept of vocational guidance to the teaching profession in a digital learning environment. The authors analyse the possibility of using the technology of fixing and interpreting various digital data to manage the process of gradual development of career guidance grounded in the actualization of pedagogical orientation. As a result, the authors conclude that the use of digital footprint brings the process of students’ vocational guidance to the teaching profession to a new quality level by regulating the pedagogical orientation of future teachers and identifies areas of their professional interests and motives in order to individualize professional training. The practical result is a section «Vocational guidance» in the personal account of the pedagogical university student
On one algorithm of covering a graph by heterogeneous chains

In the paper, we propose the algorithm of covering a graph by chains of types that satisfy bounds for length and total weight of a chain.
RB-CCR: Radial-Based Combined Cleaning and Resampling algorithm for imbalanced data classification

In this paper we propose Radial-Based Combined Cleaning and Resampling (RB-CCR) algorithm. RB-CCR utilizes the concept of class potential to refine the energy-based resampling approach of previously proposed CCR algorithm. In particular, RB-CCR exploits the class potential to accurately locate sub-regions of the data-space for synthetic oversampling. The category sub-region for oversampling can be specified as an input parameter to meet domain-specific needs or be automatically selected via cross-validation. The results of the conducted experimental study show that RB-CCR achieves a better precision-recall trade-off than CCR and generally outperforms the state-of-the-art resampling methods in terms of AUC and G-mean.
Pelatihan Basic Reservation & Ticketing System di SMKN 1 Tambun Selatan, Bekasi, Jawa Barat

SMKN 1 Tambun Selatan is a vocational high school based on management industry and has 4 (four) majors, namely: Tourism; Hospitality; Office administration; and Catering. In the curriculum, in the Department of Tourism there are Reservation and Ticketing subjects which are part of the pre-flight service in flight services. Bookkeeping service activities (reservation) and issuance of passenger tickets (ticketing), must be carried out carefully and precisely. Vocational students' skills in understanding reservation and ticketing materials need to be supported by practicing using a simulation application from the Global Distribution System (GDS) as an airline distribution channel. Practical activities require internet technology-based facilities which are usually located in a room called a laboratory. These skills will increase the competence of students at SMKN 1 Tambun Selatan which is required by the Industrial World. However, currently the school does not have a laboratory as a facility that supports the creation of student competencies. This is a problem for schools to be able to complete the competence of their students. The practical training method for the reservation and ticketing system simulation provided by the Trisakti Transportation and Logistics Institute (ITL) Lecturers is a solution in introducing the flight service system for students of SMKN 1 Tambun Selatan who currently do not have reservation or ticketing system facilities in the school laboratory. The results of the training evaluation showed that students were able to increase their knowledge after attending the training and were satisfied with this training activity.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA (Studi Pembelajaran IPS Kelas IV SDN 47 Bengkulu Selatan)

Thepurposeof thisstudytodescribe,(1)howtheapplicationofthemodelofproblembased learningcanimprovetheindependenceofstudents, (2)whether themodelofproblembased learningcanimprovestudentlearningachievement,and(3) theeffectivenessof theapplicationof problembased learning modelsin improvinglearningachievementlearners.Thisresearch isa combinationresearchusingclassroomactionresearchthencontinuedwithquasi-experimental. ThesubjectsoftheclassactionresearchwerestudentsofclassIVSDN47SouthBengkulu,while the experimental classclassIVASDN39SouthBengkuluandcontrolclassIVSDN39South Bengkulu.Datacollectionisdonebyobservationandlearningachievementtests.Dataanalysis usingratingschaleand different test.Theresults showedthat theapplicationoftheproblem based learningmodelcouldincreasetheindependence andlearningachievementofstudents,andthe applicationoftheproblembasedlearningmodelcouldeffectivelyimprove thelearning achievementofsocialstudies at SouthBengkulu
“Listening is Hard”: ADDIE Model on the Development of English Listening Worksheets

The authors’ pre-observation showed that when students learn listening skills, the students faced some difficulties. The students found difficulty expressing their ideas because they found many complex vocabularies, the audio text uses advanced grammar, and the native speaker speaks too fast. Therefore, to solve those students’ problems, the authors proposed to develop the appropriate listening worksheet for the English education study program of IAIN Palopo. Then, the authors applied Research and Development method and used the ADDIE model. 18 students of the English education study program IAIN Palopo were involved as the research subject. The research instruments used were observation and questionnaire. From observing, analysing students’ needs, developing the materials, evaluating expert judgments, conducting try-out materials, revising the product, the final product of this study is listening worksheets stored in a compact disc. The worksheets consist of a course grid, learning objective, language note, pre-activity, whilst-activity and post-activity. The authors expect that this worksheet will be useful for EFL teachers whose students' listening skills are still below the expected level of competence.
Extending Multi-Text Sentence Fusion Resources via Pyramid Annotations

NLP models that process multiple texts often struggle in recognizing corresponding and salient information that is often differently phrased, and consolidating the redundancies across texts.To facilitate research of such challenges, the sentence fusion task was proposed, yet previous datasets for this task were very limited in their size and scope.In this paper, we revisit and substantially extend previous dataset creation efforts.With careful modifications, relabeling and employing complementing data sources, we were able to more than triple the size of a notable earlier dataset.Moreover, we show that our extended version uses more representative texts for multi-document tasks and provides a more diverse training-set, which substantially improves model performance.
PENGARUH VARIASI MEDIA DAN JUMLAH TUMBUHAN TYPHA LATIFOLIA TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR BOD DAN COD PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI TAHU DI SIDOARJO

Sidoarjo Regency is one of the supporting districts of East Java province. Sidoarjo Regency is experiencing rapid progress because of the development and potential in trade and industry. One of the industries often found in Sidoarjo Regency is tofu factory. The rapid number of tofu craftsmen industry has caused an increase in the volume of liquid waste which also flows into water bodies. The purpose of this study was to determine the reduction in BOD and COD levels for the tofu factory wastewater treatment in the Sepande area, Sidoarjo Regency using a contructed wetland with Typha latifolia as the remediator. The research stage will be carried out using a laboratory scale using acclimatization as the adaptation stage of Typha latifolia and a crontructed wetland reactor as phytoremediation processing. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that there was a decrease in BOD and COD levels in the tofu industrial wastewater in Sidoarjo using the Constructed Wetland system. The percentage reduction in BOD content was greatest in soil media with 3 stems of Typha latifolia plants and a detention time of 4 days of 72%. While the largest percentage reduction in COD levels was in soil media with 2 stems of Typha latifolia plants and 4 days of detention time of 84%.
GAMBARAN ATTITUDE TOWARDS BEHAVIOR PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA PADA REMAJA SMA KOTA JAMBI

Introduction Drug abuse in adolescence is in high rate. Many factors that encourage adolescents to commit drug abuse behavior, one of which is attitude towards behavior, which is an individual's good or bad assessment of drug abuse behavior.&#x0D; Method This research was a quantitative study with a descriptive and cross-sectional method. This research was conducted at State and Private Senior High Schools in Jambi City with 380 sample who were determined through the Purposive Sampling Technique. Data collection is done online using Aida form.The analysis used descriptive statistics with the JASP 0.9.0.0 application.&#x0D; Results This study shows the results in the attitude towards behavior category are very negative at 8%, negative 28%, neutral by 30%, positive 26%, and very positive at 8%.&#x0D; Conclusion And Recommendation Jambi City High School adolescents have a neutral attitude towards behavior of drug abuse. By conducting this research, it is hoped that it can become a solution to prevent drug abuse in high school adolescents in Jambi City.&#x0D; Keywords: attitude towards behavior, drug abuse&#x0D; ABSTRAK&#x0D; Pendahuluan Penyalahgunaan narkoba di usia remaja berada pada angka yang tinggi. Banyak faktor yang dapat mendorong remaja memiliki intensi melakukan perilaku penyalahgunaan narkoba, diantaranya attitude towards behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control. Setiap faktor tersebut memiliki peranan masing-masing dalam tinggi atau rendahnya intensi perilaku penyalahgunaan narkoba pada remaja khususnya siswa SMA Kota Jambi.&#x0D; Metode Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional dan bersifat cross-sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada SMA Negeri dan SMA Swasta di Kota Jambi dengan jumlah sampel 380 orang yang ditentukan melalui Teknik Purposive Sampling. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu regresi berganda, uji korelasi, T- Test (Independen Sample) dan F-Test (Anova One Way) menggunakan aplikasi JASP 0.9.0.0.&#x0D; Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil attitude towards behavior, subjective norm, dan perceived behavioral control memberikan kontribusi efektif sebesar 37% terhadap variabel intensi penyalahgunaan narkoba, dengan kontribusi tertinggi diberikan oleh perceivedbehavioral control.&#x0D; Kesimpulan Dan Saran Attitude towards behavior, subjective norm, dan perceived behavioral control memiliki kontribusi dan hubungan dengan Intensi perilaku penyalahgunaan narkoba. Dengan dilakukannya penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi pencegahan penyalahgunaan narkoba pada remaja SMA Kota Jambi.&#x0D; &#x0D;
Discriminative Asymmetric Learning for Efficient Surgical Instrument Parsing

Semantic segmentation of surgical instruments provides essential priors for autonomous surgery. This task is however challenging since the fine-structure of surgical instruments requires the accurate segmentation of detailed regions in images. As the visual guidance for autonomous surgery, the algorithm should also be real-time and friendly to embedded systems. In this paper, a discriminative asymmetric learning framework is proposed to balance the efficiency and effectiveness of surgical instrument segmentation. Two convolutional neural networks with specific designs are deployed to extract the detail and semantic features of instruments. To reduce the redundancy of visual representation, the aggregator-discriminator mechanism is proposed to distinguish the features learned from different levels. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method contributes to competitive segmentation accuracy and a higher efficiency compared to existing methods.
Anaysis of Different Energy Efficiency Algorithms in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is internet computing that offers metering-based services to customers. It implies accessing data from a consolidated pool of computer resources that may be requested and consumed on-demand. It also offers computer resources via virtualized over the internet. The data center is the most essential in cloud computing which includes a group of servers on which Business records are kept and applications operate. The data center which contains servers, cables, air conditioning units, networks, etc. uses more electricity and emits a large quantity of Carbon-di-oxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. One of the most significant problems encountered in cloud technology is the optimizing of Energy Usage. Hence the idea of cloud computing originated. It is a concept for allowing all over, on-demand access to a shared pool of customizable computer resources[ Wanneng Shu et. A.,2014].
Properties of a Feature in Code-Assets: An Exploratory Study

Software product line engineering is a paradigm for developing a family of software products from a repository of reusable assets rather than developing each individual product from scratch. In featureoriented software product line engineering, the common and the variable characteristics of the products are expressed in terms of features. Using software product line engineering approach, software products are produced en masse by means of two engineering phases: (i) Domain Engineering and, (ii) Application Engineering. At the domain engineering phase, reusable assets are developed with variation points where variant features may be bound for each of the diverse products. At the application engineering phase, individual and customized products are developed from the reusable assets. Ideally, the reusable assets should be adaptable with less effort to support additional variations (features) that were not planned beforehand in order to increase the usage context of SPL as a result of expanding markets or when a new usage context of software product line emerges. This paper presents an exploration research to investigate the properties of features, in the code-asset implemented using Object-Oriented Programming Style. In the exploration, we observed that program elements of disparate features formed unions as well as intersections that may affect modifiability of the code-assets. The implication of this research to practice is that an unstable product line and with the tendency of emerging variations should aim for techniques that limit the number of intersections between program elements of different features. Similarly, the implication of the observation to research is that there should be subsequent investigations using multiple case studies in different software domains and programming styles to improve the understanding of the findings.
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA (Studi pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Pagar Alam)

The aims of this study to produce interactive multimedia learning to improve students’ outcome in English subject at VIII grade in SMP Number 8 Pagar Alam. This study uses a development design (Research and Development). The method used Borg and Gall design with 10 steps in research. The subjects of this study for limited scale test were students in class VIII.A and VIII.B of SMP Number 8 Pagar Alam with 16 students. And in wide scale test were students in class VIII.A and VIII.B of SMP Number 8 Pagar Alam with 32 students. The techniques of collecting the data uses the media assessment sheets and test for students’ outcome learning. Data analysis used mean score and t-test. The conclusions of this research were the development of an interactive multimedia learning could be used and effective to improve students’ learning outcomes in English subject. And the development of an interactive multimedia learning could improve students’ learning outcomes based on limited scale test and wide scale test at VIII grade of SMP Number 8 Pagar Alam in English subject
Improved Hadoop Cluster Performance by Dynamic Load and Resource Aware Speculative Execution and Straggler Node Detection

The big data is one of the fastest growing technologies, which can to handle huge amounts of data from various sources, such as social media, web logs, banking and business sectors etc. In order to pace with the changes in the data patterns and to accommodate the requirements of big data analytics, the platform for storage and processing such as Hadoop, also requires great advancements. Hadoop, an open source project executes the big data processing job in map and reduce phases and follows master-slave architecture. A Hadoop MapReduce job can be delayed if one of its many tasks is being assigned to an unreliable or congested machine. To solve this straggler problem, a novel algorithm design of speculative execution schemes for parallel processing clusters, from an optimization perspective, under different loading conditions is proposed. For the lightly loaded case, a task cloning scheme, namely, the combined file task cloning algorithm, which is based on maximizing the overall system utility, a straggler detection algorithm is proposed based on a workload threshold. The detection and cloning of tasks assigned with the stragglers only will not be enough to enhance the performance unless cloning of tasks is allocated in a resource aware method. So, a method is proposed which identifies and optimizes the resource allocation by considering all possible aspects of cluster performance balancing. One main issue arises due to the pre configuration of distinct map and reduce slots based on the number of files in the input folder. This can cause severe under-utilization of slot as map slots might not be fully utilized with respect to the input splits. To solve this issue, an alternative technique of Hadoop Slot Allocation is introduced in this paper by keeping the efficient management of slots model. The combine file task cloning algorithm combines the files which are less than the size of a single data block and executes them in the highly performing data node. On implementing these efficient cloning and combining techniques on a heavily loaded cluster after detecting the straggler, machine is found to reduce the elapsed time of execution to an average of 40%. The detection algorithm improves the overall performance of the heavily loaded cluster by 20% of the total elapsed time in comparison with the native Hadoop algorithm.
Counterbalancing teen reliance on social media news: the importance of using Street Law methodology to teach about current events

Globally, civic engagement of young people lags behind the general population.There is some evidence that young people are becoming more interested and engaged in world events.The pandemic and social justice movements addressing the environment, racial injustice, woman's issues, and LGBTQ rights have especially mobilized young people.Social media has been key to the success of many grassroots movements (#MeToo, Black Lives Matter, and Greta Thunberg).Increasingly young people are also using social media as a source of news.Teachers and professionals who work with young people have noticed a dramatic surge in awareness and interest in current events.They are hopeful this will translate into greater civic engagement and higher youth voter turnout.Students may be accessing news more frequently, but they are increasingly obtaining news via social media.In addition, young people are often obtaining news from celebrities and social media influencers.Use of these unchecked sources for news raises serious questions about the reliability of the information.Social media algorithms, which deliver content based on previous usage, can also lead to increased polarization.These issues underscore the importance of addressing current events in the classroom using balanced, reliable information.Street Law lessons are designed to encourage students to critically examine legal issues from multiple perspectives.Using the Street Law teaching methodology to examine current events in the classroom may be the antidote to teen use of social media as a source of news.