Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Domestication of English Expressions Used by Iraqi Arabic Speakers: A Sociolinguistic Study

This paper deals with the process of domestication of English expressions as a sociolinguistic phenomenon.It aims to explore the reasons of domesticating foreign [English] expressions that are variously acculturated within such social variables as gender, age, and social status.A modified sociolinguistic interview has been conducted to take the most frequently domesticated expressions in order to be included in a questionnaire administered to different sample of the Iraqi-Najafi Arabic speakers.The questionnaire is used to support the interview in fulfilling the aims of the research.Throughout the discussions, certain conclusions have been observed.English expressions are domesticated as a strategy of globalization and Englishization.Another considerable conclusion is that females have used domesticated expressions as a way to show prestige and acculturation.
Authentic Materials in Reading Comprehension Classroom: Its Effectiveness to Indonesian EFL Students’ Achievement

The study was aimed to finding out (1) Whether or not the use of authentic materials is effective to develop the reading comprehension achievement of Indonesian EFL Students, (2) Whether or not the use of authentic materials is effective to develop reading motivation of Indonesian EFL Students. The study was carried out under the quantitative paradigm with quasi experimental design. The participants were selected by using cluster sampling technique and divided into two groups, namely authentic group and pedagogic group. Each of groups consisted of 39 participants. All participants were first grade students of high school in Bone, Indonesia. The data of the students’ reading comprehension achievement were collected by using reading comprehension test, while the data about the students’ reading motivation were taken from Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) containing 32 items on seven domains of motivation. The data collected were then analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS 20 program. The result showed that (1) the use of authentic materials was effective than pedagogic materials to develop reading comprehension achievement of the first year students. It was seen from the significance t-test result that reveals the significance value was lower than the significance level; (0.00 &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, in relation to the reading motivation of students, (2) it was found that authentic materials was effective to develop students’ reading motivation. The result showed that the p-value of students’ reading motivation before and after treatments was greater than the level of significance (0.00 &lt; 0.05).
The Usability of Mobile Devices in Distance Learning

Thanks to technological developments, distance education helped new techniques and strategies to emerge in the instruction field. However, these developments may cause problems about integration of the interaction between students and instructors. Communication is seen as one of the biggest problems. Instructors' online communications and their attitudes towards this process affect quality of teaching and learning processes. Other factors affecting this process are learning environment and its effective use. This study is designed to incorporate a mixed method with the aim of reflecting instructors' experiences about different communication techniques and learning environments. In scope of this research, the researchers planned a four-week process using the communication that the researchers have been establishing with Ege University Faculty of Education's instructors. The researchers will use different mobile devices and feedback methods for the process.
Guest Editors’ Introduction to the Special Section on Compact and Efficient Feature Representation and Learning in Computer Vision

The papers in this special section examine compact and efficient feature representation and learning in computer vision.
An Efficient Motion Planning Strategy for Automated Lane Change based on Mixed-Integer Optimization and Neural Networks

Intelligent motion planning is one of the core components in automated vehicles, which has received extensive interests. Traditional motion planning methods suffer from several drawbacks in terms of optimality, efficiency and generalization capability. Sampling based methods cannot guarantee the optimality of the generated trajectories. Whereas the optimization-based methods are not able to perform motion planning in real-time, and limited by the simplified formalization. In this work, we propose a learning-based approach to handle those shortcomings. Mixed Integer Quadratic Problem based optimization (MIQP) is used to generate the optimal lane-change trajectories which served as the training dataset for learning-based action generation algorithms. A hierarchical supervised learning model is devised to make the fast lane-change decision. Numerous experiments have been conducted to evaluate the optimality, efficiency, and generalization capability of the proposed approach. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model outperforms several commonly used motion planning baselines.
A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

We present a high-performance source of unconditional polarization-entangled photons that have a high-emission rate, a broadband distribution, are degenerated and postselection free. The property of the source is based on the multiple quantum interference effect with a round-trip configuration of a Sagnac interferometer. The quantum interference effects make it possible to use the high generation efficiency of the polarization-entangled photons to process parametric down-conversion, and separate degenerated photon pairs into different optical modes without a postselection requirement. The principle of the optical system was described and experimentally used to measure the fidelity and Bell parameters, and also to characterize the generated polarization-entangled photons from a minimum of six combinations of polarization correlated data. The experimentally obtained fidelity and Bell parameters exceeded the classical local correlation limit and are clear evidence of the generation of unconditional polarization-entangled photons.
Siamese Long Short-Term Memory for Detecting Conflict of Interest on Scientific Papers

Scientific articles cited by other researchers have an impact on increasing author credibility. However, the citation process may be misused to unnaturally raise a bibliometric indicator value such as researcher’s h-index. Researchers may overly cites their own works, referred as self-citation, even though the topic of the references are not related to the current article. Further misconduct is excessive citations on the works of peoples related to the researcher which can be coercive or not, referred as conflict of interest (CoI). The proposed method uses a deep learning approach, Siamese Long ShortTerm Memory (LSTM), to recognize subject similarities between a scientific article and its references. Standard text similarity fails to do so because contextual relatedness of sentences in the articles need some learning process. Siamese-LSTM learns contextual relatedness of sentences in the article using two identical LSTM. Steps of the proposed method are (i) word-embedding to get weight values of terms but still considers their semantic relations, (ii) k-means clustering to generate training data for reducing time complexity in Siamese-LSTM learning of scientific articles, (iii) learns Siamese-LSTM weight from training data to identify contextual relatedness of sentences, (iv) calculate similarity of a scientific article with its references based on Siamese-LSTM. The empirical experiments are used to analyze similarity values and the possibility for conflict of interest in an article.
Experimental study and modelling of abrasive water jet cutting of aluminum alloy 2024

Block ciphers cryptanalysis is serious challenge specially with the existing of the powerful block ciphers that require massive number of plaintext-ciphertext pairs to perform a successful attack. Algebraic attack is superior among different attack types as it does require the smallest number of such pairs. On the other hand, the equations describe the input/output relations should be in hand to execute the algebraic attack. In this paper, we present the method of collecting the input/output algebraic equations for 2-key simplified 3-DES as a miniature example of the 2-key 3-DES. The simplified DES has similar structure and characteristics to DES with the privilege of using smaller parameters than DES. Also, we prove that the complementation property of DES can be used to double the number of obtained algebraic equations for 3-DES variants and consequently decreasing the required number of plaintext-ciphertext pairs. Finally, we compared the expected number of obtained equations and variables in both 2-key simplified 3-DES and 2-key 3-DES.
A Real-Time Ethiopian Sign Language to Audio Converter

Communication is an important and vital human characteristic in order to experience the human nature of being a social animal.The whole main points in human society like political, social, economic interaction directly depends on communication.In everyday life, there are a variety of communications patterns; with work colleagues, family, neighbors, friends and etc.A different part of different human society uses different types of communication means when we say different part of the society based on the social characteristics, culture lifestyle and etc.A communication means used in the expression of lifestyle, culture, point of view.But when we come to the hearing and speech-disabled part of the society while sharing this moral, culture, and lifestyle with the rest of the society, sadly they cannot experience any of it because of a lack of communication tool between them.This is a communication gap between the deaf and the hearing part of the society.There is an estimated amount of 250000 -1,000,000 deaf sign language users in Ethiopia.This data shows how many people are affected by this communication barrier from the different aspect from their social interaction, getting service from different service centers, education access, political participation and a lot more that consume time to mention.In general, this has been the elephant in the room that is almost ignored by the society or not given enough attention by the concerning sector to bring out a solution.So to tackle this bottleneck or to make a bridge over this communication barrier we have proposed a sign language translator system that can be an intermediate between the deaf and the hearing to solve this communication barrier.This platform uses highbird based approach and uses machine learning and singleshot detection or convolutional neural network to recognize and translate the Ethiopian Sign Language into speech or text.
CONCEPT OF EVALUATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL WORK IN STUDENT DORMITORIES

One of the key features of education today are clear and high standards, which help assess and evaluate the performance of educational institutions, as well as schools, student dormitories, teachers and students, to insure quality and equalization of educational outcomes. Evaluation, as an integral element in process of curriculum, takes an important place as a finishing and starting point in educational process. Concept of evaluation in educational process can be used to assess educational programmеs and their quality. Student dormitories, as an integral part of the educational system in the Republic of Macedonia, work to evaluate the educational process, to build their own tracking system, collect data, analyze and evaluate the results that they achieve. Evaluation of the educational process is a process that exists since when exist dormitories. Evaluation of the educational work also stems from the fact that the student dormitory, as an institution, plays an important role in the upbringing and education of new generations that are the driving force of the entire social human life, and who are educated outside of their place of living. In the evaluation process, the basic areas of the entire educational process are always taken into consideration. According to this, it can be argued with certainty that evaluation is immanent to the educational work as such.
Correction to: Patient Registries: An Underused Resource for Medicines Evaluation

The fourth sentence under the heading "1.1 Use of Patient Registries for Supporting Regulatory Assessments" in "1 Introduction" section should read as below.
Semantic Web Query Join Optimization Using Modified Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm

Presently, the distributed Resource Description Framework (RDF) partition the data across several computer nodes.In that, many existing RDF systems results in expensive query evaluation and high start-up cost.To address these issues, a new optimization algorithm: modified Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) has been developed in this research paper.In conventional GWO algorithm, after finding the best values of , and , stopping criteria is accomplished.In modified GWO algorithm, after finding the best values of , and , the alpha value once again encircles the possible solutions for obtaining an optimal solution.In RDF data, query optimization is a challenging task, which has been effectively handled by modified GWO algorithm.In the experimental phase, modified GWO showed good performance in terms of execution time and memory usage as compared to the existing methodologies: Partial Evaluation and Centralized Assembly (PECA), Partial Evaluation and Distributed Assembly (PEDA), RDF-3X, Graph-Based SPARQL Query Engine (gStore), and Legato on Lehigh University Benchmark (LUBM) 10000 and DOREMUS 2017 datasets.Compared to these existing systems, the proposed system reduced the execution time around 2-5 minutes, and improves the precision, recall, and f-measure around 2-7%.
Modified Video and Mind Mapping in Teaching Writing

Penelitian ini bertujuan i) untuk mengetahui apakah video modifikasi dan mind mapping dapat meningkatkan pencapaian kemampuan menulis, ii) untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan pada siswa laki-laki dan perempuan pada tulisan mereka setelah penerapan video modifikasi dan mind mapping dalam belajar menulis, dan iii) untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa terhadap video modifikasi dan mind mapping. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas satu SMAN 3 Bandar Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  i) ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam kemampuan menulis siswa setelah penerapan video modifikasi dan mind mapping, ii) tidak ada perbedaan antara siswa laki-laki dan wanita setelah penerapan video dan mind mapping, dan iii) siswa memiliki persepsi yang positif terhadap penerapan video midifikasi dan mind mapping dalam menulis. Ini menunjukkan bahwa video mofikasi dan mind mapping lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa dan memberikan respon yang baik terhadap strategi ini.  This study was aimed i) to find out whether the modified video and mind mapping can improve the students’ writing, ii) to see whether there is any difference between female and male students on their writing through video and mind mapping and iii) to investigate student’s perception on modified video and mind mapping in writing. The subjects of this research were the first grade students of SMAN 3 Bandar Lampung. The result showed that i) modified video and mind mapping gave significant effect on students’ writing achievement, ii) there is no difference between female and male students on their writing through modified video and mind mapping, and iii) students have positive perception toward modified video and mind mapping.  It can be said that modified video and mind mapping is more effective to improve the students’ writing.It improves after the implementation of modified video and mind mapping, and they have positive respons toward strategy. Keywords : M odified v ideo and m ind m apping, s tudents’ p erceptions, w riting ability.
Development of Braille Number Card As Learning Media on Integer Materials for Blind Students

Losing vision for blind students makes them difficult to access education. Thus, blind students need special tools like interesting and applicable learning media, teaching methods, and techniques for them. This study was developmental research that aimed to describe the result of instructional media development of braille number card to improve blind students' understanding on integer number and describe their understanding after using braille number card as learning media at special needs elementary school. The subjects of this study consisted of three students with low vision, partially sighted students, and blind students. The research model used was ADDIE development model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). Data were collected using test and questionnaire to know their understanding of braille number card as learning media on integer numbers. The result showed that blind students responded positively with an average score of 83% and 66.7% of their learning test. Therefore, It can be concluded that braille number card as instructional media can be used in teaching and learning activity to improve blind students' understanding.
This Time Is Different: Facebook’s Libra Can Improve Both Financial Inclusion and Global Financial Stability As a Viable Alternative Currency to the U.S. Dollar

The propagation of high-magnitude crises since the late 1990s have cost over $30 trillion and pushed about one percent of the world population into poverty. In the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis, the worst financial catastrophe of the 21st century, accelerated the speed of money’s inevitable evolution into cryptocurrencies. Blockchain and distributed ledgers are a revolutionary innovation; as antecedents, they could lead to foreseeable and unforeseeable impacts on the definition of central bank money and online payment systems. As with any new technology, Facebook’s Libra as the new kid on the block (but without block) is going to disrupt the existing cryptocurrency models and the ecosystem they have created for a decade. Libra clearly has an advantage over 2,400 cryptocurrencies sprouted since the first successful Bitcoin in January 2009; furthermore, Libra’s vast scale (close to a three billion user base) sets itself apart from even the most dominant Bitcoin with 68% of the market share. Bitcoin’s arduous journey to the stardom in the digital cash world has been constantly subject to immense criticism and the question whether Bitcoin is a digital coin or just an investment asset class has never been put to rest. Facebook assures that at least Libra is not going to have the same predicament as Bitcoin since Libra will be backed by a basket of stable currencies (dollar, euro, pound, and yen) as well as low-risk government bonds and central bank reserve assets; of course, this alone does not shield Libra from market fluctuations and exchange rate risks. Although Libra is promoted to be a very stable digital coin contrary to peers (i.e. Bitcoin), but Libra or its 28-member governing body the Libra Association will not eliminate all of cyberattacks or the default risk of securities and member-firms which happen to be for-profit companies. Libra’s another stability feature, unlike Bitcoin and over 2,400 altcoins, Libra will be a liability of individuals and entities plus it will be backed by a central bank like authority (the Libra Association) responsible for Libra’s stability. The downside is that Facebook has had a troubled past regarding privacy and the exploitation of users’ data; however Facebook assures that Libra will be operated by Facebook’s subsidiary Calibra and sensitive financial data including the Libra account holders’ any part of transaction history will not be shared with Facebook unless authorized by the account owners.
FTIR Spectroscopic study of dolomite from the central part of Kaladgi-Badami basin, Bagalkot District, Karnataka, India

A major part of Bagalkot district, geologically is represented by a thick succession of sedimentary rocks of Kaladgi-Badami basin, which overlies unconformably on a denuded basement comprising Archaean granitoid-greenstone belts.Thick and extensive outcrops of limestone and dolomite associated with shale, phyllite, quartzite, sandstone and conglomerate.The dolomite deposit in the central part near Neeralkeri of Kaladgi-Badami basin occur as massive, compact and bedded rocks invariably associated with limestone.The Dolomite rocks collected in a quarry near Neeralkeri are subjected to mineral analysis.FTIR spectroscopic technique is applied to dolomite samples to identify the principal constituent mineral.From the infrared spectrum, the minerals are identified from the location or band position of peaks with the help of available literature.The mineral dolomite is identified.The performed analyses provided useful information about the mineralogical composition of the carbonate rocks.
Robust visual tracking via samples ranking

Abstract In recent years, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved great success in visual tracking. To learn discriminative representations, most of existing methods utilize information of image region category, namely target or background, and/or of target motion among consecutive frames. Although these methods demonstrated to be effective, they ignore the importance of the ranking relationship among samples, which is able to distinguish one positive sample better than another positive one or not. This is especially crucial for visual tracking because there is only one best target candidate among all positive candidates, which tightly bounds the target. In this paper, we propose to take advantage of the ranking relationship among positive samples to learn more discriminative features so as to distinguish closely similar target candidates. In addition, we also propose to make use of the normalized spatial location information to distinguish spatially neighboring candidates. Extensive experiments on challenging image sequences demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm against several state-of-the-art methods.
Local Learning Approaches for Finding Effects of a Specified Cause and Their Causal Paths

Causal networks are used to describe and to discover causal relationships among variables and data generating mechanisms. There have been many approaches for learning a global causal network of all observed variables. In many applications, we may be interested in finding what are the effects of a specified cause variable and what are the causal paths from the cause variable to its effects. Instead of learning a global causal network, we propose several local learning approaches for finding all effects (or descendants) of the specified cause variable and the causal paths from the cause variable to some effect variable of interest. We discuss the identifiability of the effects and the causal paths from observed data and prior knowledge. For the case that the causal paths are not identifiable, our approaches try to find a path set that contains the causal paths of interest.
Cross-time Item bias approaches Comparison of TIMSS test among Egyptian environment

The study aimed that comprise the cross-time item bias approaches of scale items' achievement tests.Analytical descriptive and comparative causal approaches had been used.TIMSS 2007, and TIMSS 2015 data archive had been used.The uniform differential item functioning methods used to test the item bias.The study comprises between ANCOVA and Multiple regression.The finding was the Alg2 item was biased in Algebra dimension.