Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Web-based Pre-learning Applied to Class on Periodontal Instrumentation

Objectives: This study aimed to apply web-based pre-learning and evaluate the self-directed learning ability, confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills, and learning satisfaction of dental hygiene students after being provided with a class using this technique. Methods: A survey was conducted among 62 dental hygiene students at ‘B’ university in the Chungnam taking periodontal care practice classes. All subjects were evaluated with a selfdirected learning questionnaire. Data was analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The results of this study showed that the self-directed learning ability was 3.44, confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills was 6.82, learning satisfaction was 4.17. The analysis of correlations among the variables showed that selfdirected learning ability has a positive correlation with confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills (r=0.32, p&lt;0.05) and learning satisfaction (r=0.34, p&lt;0.01), and confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills has a positive correlation with learning satisfaction (r=0.45, p&lt;0.01). Conclusions: It was identified that self-directed learning ability, confidence in manual periodontal instrumentation skills, and learning satisfaction were improved in the event that a good amount of web-based pre-learning was applied to the periodontal care practice classes. Therefore, web-based pre-learning is recommended to improve the manual periodontal instrumentation skills of students because it can be provided without any time or locations.
A Re-Examination of the Effect of Financial Integration on Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

This paper aims to analyse the relationship between financial integration and financial development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To achieve this objective, we use a methodological approach based on panel data over the period 2000-2021 in 39 SSA countries. By estimating the panel threshold regression dynamic model (PTR Dynamic model) and using the Generalised method of moments (GMM), we show that there is a significant non-linear relationship between financial integration and financial development. This non-linear relationship refines existing evidence between financial integration and financial development. The optimal threshold of financial integration, defined as the level of financial integration that maximises financial development, is 69%. Therefore, the optimal level of financial integration is robust to sensitivity analysis, resulting in thresholds between 67% and 70%. The results show that financial integration has a differentiated effect on financial development depending on its sign. More specifically, below 69%, financial integration has a positive and significant effect on financial development; but above this 69% threshold, financial integration has a negative and significant effect on financial development. The public and monetary authorities must therefore take prudential measures into account in order to maintain the development of the financial system.
Construction of a sport-specific strength and conditioning evaluation index system for elite male wheelchair badminton athletes by the Delphi method

In this study, the Delphi method was used to construct the evaluation index system of the specific physical fitness of Chinese wheelchair badminton players. The Delphi method was used in the first two rounds to determine sport-specific strength and conditioning evaluation indexes for wheelchair badminton athletes. The Analytic Hierarchy Process was used in the third round to determine the weighting of each index. The results indicate that the recovery rate of questionnaires in the first two rounds was higher than 90%, the degree of expert authority was &gt;80%, the degree of expert coordination in the second round was 0.350 and was greater than that in the first round (0.298), and significance testing of the coordination coefficient was significant (p &lt; 0.001), thus indicating that expert opinions were consistent. Results during construction of the evaluation system were credible. Ultimately, we identified four primary indicators, 12 secondary indicators, and 30 tertiary indicators. The order of the four primary indices in terms of weighting was as follows: sport-specific skills (0.4406), sports qualities (0.2928), cardiorespiratory function (0.1828), and body shape (0.0838). We used the Delphi method to construct an evaluation index system for the sport-specific physical ability of elite male wheelchair badminton athletes. The index system exhibited high credibility and specificity for wheelchair badminton.
Summary Skills and Learner Achievement in Reading Comprehension in Nairobi, Kenya: Prospects, Constraints and Policy

Summary skills support acquisition of reading capabilities by strengthening knowledge of text through identification of critical ideas, creation of concise notes and restatement of concepts for sustainable comprehension competencies. In instances where the technique is inadequately developed, capacity of the learner to sift through content in text to identify themes, filter own words and integrate messages may be compromised. The study examined effect of summary skills in acquisition of reading for learner achievement in comprehension. The targeted eight schools arrived at a sample of 476 using purposive, simple random sampling, principles of Solomon Four Group design and census model. Quasi-experimental design based on Solomon Four Group Design was used yielding 223 learners assigned to experimental while 253 control groups and 8 teachers of English. Reading comprehension tests, questionnaires, in-class observation and follow up discussion sessions were used in capturing data. Learners in experimental group obtained post-test mean of 33.47 (SD=15.55); control group obtained mean of 26.82 (SD=12.76), indicating that experimental scored highly in post-test than control group, not exposed to task-based learning method. The analysis obtained t-statistic of 3.24 (df=428, p=0.001), suggesting up to 99% chance that mean obtained by learners in experimental and control groups were significantly different. In addition, variable school was significantly associated with learning outcomes in comprehending text (p<0.000). Analysis revealed up to 95% chance that learner achievement in reading comprehension significantly associated with restating ideas in own words (<I>X</I><sup>2</sup> =20.823, df=9, p-value=0.013). Furthermore, results indicated that main concept displayed significant and positive association with learner achievement in reading comprehension in experimental and control groups at 95% CI and 90% CI respectively; (Model 1: <i>Beta </i>= 2.223, t = 2.120; Model 2: <i>Beta </i>= 1.673 t = 1.754. The study suggested that teachers be enlightened about the need of adopting multiple techniques to assist the learner to develop summary abilities in order to heighten greater levels of understanding and better grades.
Improving Stability of Transformer-based Named Entity Recognition Models with Combined Data Representation

This study leverages transformer-based models and focuses on data representation strategies in the named entity recognition task, including &amp;quot;single&amp;quot; (one sentence per vector), &amp;quot;merged&amp;quot; (multiple sentences per vector), and &amp;quot;context&amp;quot; (sentences joined with attention to context). Performance analysis reveals that models trained with a single strategy may not perform well on different data representations. A combined training procedure is proposed to address this limitation, using all three strategies to enhance the stability and adaptability of the model. The results of this approach are presented and discussed for various datasets for four languages (English, Polish, Czech, and German), demonstrating the effectiveness of the combined strategy.
Thefts an exploratory study on a sample of hotels in the holy city of Karbala

The phenomenon of theft in the hotel's food and beverage division is among the common phenomena in the hotel and restaurant business. From this standpoint, the research aims to define theft and know its danger in the field of work of the in the hotel's food and beverage divisions, and to identify the types of theft in the hotel's food and beverage division, and to know the characteristics of the work that is widespread. It contains theft, its motives, and presents some cases of theft that occur in the hotel's food and beverage division. The research relied on the descriptive analytical approach, and a survey was distributed used to gather study info from a random sample of workers in the Baron Tourist and Karbala Rayhana hotels in the city of Karbala, numbering (60). Individually, the research found that the differences were statistically significant between the opinions of employees about the motives for theft in the hotel's food and beverage division. It also showed there being was an association with statistical significance between the motives and manifestations of theft in the hotel's food and beverage division, and the presence of a statistically significant effect on ways to confront theft in the food and beverage division. Food and beverages in hotels in all their aspects, and the study suggested setting ethical controls and standards within the requirements for appointment in the food and beverage division, and paying attention to measuring employee satisfaction and solving problems related to aspects of work.
A semi-nonparametric extended ordered probit model with selection for financial barrier perception

In order to contribute to the literature concerning the difficulties faced by innovative firms in terms of financing, this paper aims to investigate the perception levels of financial barriers according to their innovation intensity and analyzes determinants of financial barriers for a developing country for the most recent years. A semi-nonparametric extended ordered probit model with selection is used to establish the determinants of perception of financial barriers by employing the Business Enterprise and Environment Survey, BEEPS 2013 and BEEPS 2019. According to the findings, when there is an engagement in innovation activities, then firms are more likely to assess financial barriers as important. It is believed that these results have important implications for developing countries.
Language Visibility and Audibility: Discussing the Dominant Status of Yoruba on Social Media

In recent times, there is evidence of the emergence of new linguistic dynamics in the social media communication engagements in the Nigerian social media culture which have consequently impacted the visibility of the Yoruba language. The use of Yoruba has become part of a lot of users&amp;rsquo; everyday social communication practices thereby promoting the language to be more visible in the arena of social media platforms. This study is interested in evaluating the nature of and the extent to which the language is used on social media, understanding its presence to the development of social media repertoire, and how it has become the dominant local medium through which many Nigerian social media users negotiate and express their identities. The motivation for this practice, and how it is employed as a discoursal means of language promotion will also be investigated. The data contain Instagram comments that exhibit pure Yoruba and code mixing between Yoruba and English/Nigerian Pidgin English; and from the data, it is evident that Yoruba is gaining more popularity on social media networks amidst the dense multilingualism of Nigeria. The findings reveal that social media provide a discursive platform for the users to be able to reinforce dominant representation of the language. The paper concludes that Yoruba is emerging as a popular language of the Nigerian internet culture.
&lt;strong&gt;Virtual Reality as a Catalyst in Advancing Inclusive Design for Social and Cultural Sustainability in Architecture&lt;/strong&gt;

This review article explores the convergence of virtual reality (VR) and architectural design from an inclusive lens. It underscores the crucial role of virtual reality (VR) in serving as a catalyst for the incorporation of social and cultural sustainability principles in architectural projects. The exploration is guided by inclusive design principles, which encompass several aspects such as accessibility, cultural sensitivity, diversity and inclusivity, user-centered design, and empathy. These concepts serve as the basis for further investigation into the potential of virtual reality (VR) technology to enhance and heighten these features within architectural design, therefore promoting the progress of social and cultural sustainability. The review article highlights the profound impact that virtual reality (VR) may have, going beyond mere visualisation to generate architectural experiences that are immersive, interactive, and empathetic. These experiences are designed to take into account diverse perspectives and needs.
Deep Learning Theories and Methods for Breast Cancer Classification

Breast cancer is a common malignant tumour and studies have shown that early and accurate detection is crucial for patients. With the maturity of medical imaging and deep learning development, significant progress has been made in breast cancer classification, which greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of classification. This review focuses on deep learning, migration learning, GAN, and lifelong learning to elaborate and summarise the important roles arising from breast cancer detection. This review also examines the dataset and labeling issues required for breast cancer classification. In conclusion, at the end of the article, we look at future directions for breast cancer classification research, including cross-migration learning, multimodal data fusion, model interpretability, and lifelong learning, and also explore how to provide personalized treatment plans for patients.
Capacity to Serve in Training Activities of Higher Education Institutions, Experimental Assessment at the University of Labor and Social Affairs

Following the research approach and design, we clarified the stated objectives. The article evaluates the current situation and service capacity in training activities of higher education institutions. Presenting survey results from 176 learners on the service capacity of staff and lecturers in training activities at the University of Labor and Social Affairs. Based on the survey results, we found that the service capacity of the University of Labor and Social Affairs is highly appreciated by learners. However, there are still some opinions that do not agree with the school's service capacity. These learners believe that the service attitude of some officials and lecturers is not as good as expected. Many learners do not receive timely support in learning activities. They had to wait or contact many times to receive support from the service department during their studies at the University of Labor and Social Affairs. The results of this analysis are very important in proposing solutions to improve the quality and service capacity for learners. We believe that improving service capacity in training activities requires many simultaneous solutions. The solutions we propose include: Organizing professional training for service staff; Assign work professionally and in accordance with staff capacity; Creating learning conditions for trained and retrained staff to improve their professional qualifications; Applying a measurement scale to evaluate service capacity and focusing on building and implementing serious staff and lecturer recruitment policies.
Space Theory

The author introduces a novel theoretical framework that suggests matter and energy are both converted from curved space. In Space Theory, gravitation is generated by the flow of space, instead of being transmitted by the graviton as in String Theory. This theory also suggests that Newton's gravitational constant, denoted as G, may not be truly constant but could vary over time. The equivalent equation of space is S=Ec2=mc4, and the gravitation of hollow sphere space is S&amp;mu;&amp;nu;=4&amp;pi;Gm=(4/3)&amp;pi;((r+a)3-r3). The Space Theory also predicts that the surface gravitational acceleration of the neutron star Crab Pulsar (PSR B0531+21) is approximately 8.21924883&amp;times;106 m/s2.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS ANDROID MENGGUNAKAN ARTICULATE STORYLINE 3 UNTUK MENGEKSPLOR KEMAMPUAN LITERASI MATEMATIS

The purpose of this study is to discuss the development procedures and the effectiveness of using Android-based interactive learning media using Articulate Storyline 3 on mathematical literacy skills. The method used is Research Development (RD) with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Based on research and development, the product ABEKUBA (Cube and Block Learning Application) has been approved for use by material and media experts in the form of an android application. User response to this learning media is positive with very good category. The results of the effect size test on mathematical literacy skills obtained the strong effect category. So that it can be concluded that Android-based interactive learning media using Articulate Storyline 3 is effective for students' mathematical literacy skills.
AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE SIMULATION WITH MULTI HUMAN DRIVING BEHAVIOR USING DEEP LEARNING

Advances in Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology have made this topic popular in recent years, both large and small companies have started to develop this AV technology. Apart from large companies, several researchers are also interested in developing this technology. However, due to cost constraints and security issues, the researchers developed AV using a computer simulation approach. The main objective of this paper is to create a simulation (AV). The simulation was created using Udacity self-driving-car from Unity 3D. The first step we took was to take a dataset in the form of images from a number of participants by manually driving a car in a simulation to get Human-driving-behavior. After the dataset is obtained, the AV model formation process will then be carried out using the deep learning method of the Convolutional Neural Network algorithm. In this research, a good AV simulation has been successfully made, the car can run perfectly following the track without experiencing a collision or going off the track. From the results of the testing carried out, the model that was built got pretty good results where the accuracy was 71% and the loss was 0.0165.
PENGEMBANGAN GAME INTERAKTIF MENGGUNAKAN PLATFORM WORDWALL.NET SEBAGAI ALAT EVALUASI HASIL BELAJAR MATERI PECAHAN KELAS IV

This study aims to develop interactive games as an evaluation tool to be a solution to this problem. This study uses the ADDIE development model with its stages namely analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. From the results of the study it was found that the game developed was very valid with a final percentage of 84.3% which was assessed by 3 expert validators namely media, material and language experts. Assessment of product practicality using a student response questionnaire with a percentage result of 97.5% and a teacher response questionnaire with a percentage result of 97,9% is categorized as very practical. Furthermore, the effectiveness obtained from the student perception questionnaire on the game obtained the final percentage of 95.5% categorized as very effective and the level of agreement with the category strongly agreed on each aspect of the assessment.
Detection of Indonesian Hate Speech in the Comments Column of Indone-sian Artists' Instagram Using the RoBERTa Method

This study detects hate speech comments from Instagram post comments where the method used is RoBERTa. Roberta's model was chosen based on the consideration that this model has a high level of accuracy in classifying text in English compared to other models, and possibly has good potential in detecting Indonesian as used in this research. There are two test scenarios namely full-preprocessing and non full-preprocessing where the experimental results show that non full-preprocessing has an average value of accuracy higher than full-preprocessing, and the average value of non full-preprocessing accuracy is 85.09%. Full-preprocessing includes several preprocessing stages, namely cleansing, case folding, normalization, tokenization, and stemming. While non full-preprocessing includes all processes in preprocessing except the stemming process. This shows that RoBERTa predicts comments well when not using full-preprocessing.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN TANGGA PINTAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERHITUNG PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SEKOLAH DASAR

This study aims to produce a product in the form of smart ladder learning media. Moreover, this is to know the feasibility and the effect of smart ladder learning media on students' numeracy abilities. This type of research is Research and Development (RD) using the Four-D (4D) development model. The development stages include: the define, the design, the development, and the disseminate stage. Data collection techniques in the form of observation, interview, questionnaire, and test. The feasibility test involved four experts consisting of instrument, material, media, and learning experts. The data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative. The results of the study show that smart ladder learning media is appropriate to use based on the results of the assessment of material experts obtaining score 94.54%, media experts 96.25%, and learning experts 90.90%. The results of improving the numeracy skills of students grade 1 obtained an N-gain value of 0.97 and students grade 2 obtained an N-gain value of 0.91, which the two N-gain values were included in the "High" category. Thus, smart ladder learning media is feasible to use and can improve students' numeracy skills in elementary school arithmetic operations material.
PENGARUH GAME NUMERASI (GANU) MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN STEAM TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN NUMERASI ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of the Numeracy Game (GANU) using the STEAM approach on the numeracy skills of children aged 5-6 years old. This research method employs a quantitative research design with a quasi-experimental design known as the nonequivalent control group design. The subjects of this study consist of 40 children from 2 kindergartens in Sukolilo District, Surabaya. Data was collected through non-participant observation techniques. The data analysis in this study utilized independent t-test. The research findings indicate that the Numeracy Game (GANU) learning with the STEAM approach yielded a sig. value of 0.000 or (2-tailed) 0.05, which means that the null hypothesis is rejected, and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the STEAM approach using the Numeracy Game (GANU) in enhancing the numeracy skills of children aged 5-6 years old.