Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
The movement of passengers and goods along a railless track

The publication reproduces with some abridgement but keeping as far as possible author’s lexical means and style the report of I. V. Shirman at the meeting of the 8th Department of Imperial Russian Technical Society on March 4, 1910, chaired by O. A. Struve. The meeting discussed engineering and economic issues of operation of transport vehicles using electric traction and the most promising at that time, the idea of autonomously powered passenger systems was also highlighted.
Analysing Patterns of Errors in Neural and Statistical Machine Translation of Arabic and English

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; This paper provides a comparative analysis of two Machine Translation (MT) engines: Google Translate (GT) and Microsoft Bing (MB). Previously, these MT engines adopted the statistical approach in their system. However, they are currently using the latest neural approach in their engines, which has become a trend in the MT field. The present data discusses the quality of the outputs by comparing the previous data using the SMT engines with the current data from the NMT engines. This paper also analyses the patterns of errors that exist in the MT outputs, which were generated using four Arabic texts and 5 English texts. Results reported a significant decrease of 72.2% and 73.1% in the number of errors found in GT and MB, respectively, with most of them are syntactic errors and incorrect terms. Missing conjunctions and determiners were also reported to be common mistakes in the analysis. Generally, the adequacy of both NMT engines has improved for English-Arabic language pairs. Even though the errors still exist, most of them can be easily corrected if thoroughly revised. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;
TA : Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Penilaian Kinerja Guru Berbasis Website Menggunakan Metode Graphic Rating Scale (Studi Kasus: SMA Barunawati Surabaya)

Barunawati High School Surabaya is a high school located at Jalan Perak Barat Number 173 Perak Utara Pabean Cantian District, East Java 60165 Surabaya City under the Barunawati Biru Foundation. At the Barunawati High School in Surabaya the teacher performance appraisal process is still subjective because the teacher performance appraisal is only assessed by the principal directly by considering the assessment criteria. Teacher performance appraisal has not referred to Permendiknas No. 16/2007 concerning standards of academic qualifications and teacher competencies. Teacher performance appraisal does not yet have an assessment history that impacts the difficulty of school principals to see teacher development so far. In addition, the results of the calculation of teacher performance are still many errors because it is done manually. The solution to be made is, a web-based application that can simplify the teacher performance evaluation process. The teacher performance appraisal process will use the Graphic Rating Scale method and refer to the Ministry of Education Regulation No. 16 of 2007 on the standards of academic qualifications and teacher competency. In this Graphic Rating Scale method the performance appraisal will be assessed by the principal's principal, the teacher as himself. The trial results show that this application can provide calculations in accordance with the Graphic rating scale method. And can conduct assessments in accordance with the rules set by No. 16 of 2007 concerning the standards of academic qualifications and teacher competencies. In addition, the application can also provide a historical assessment of teacher performance.
Contrastive Divergence Learning is a Time Reversal Adversarial Game

Contrastive divergence (CD) learning is a classical method for fitting unnormalized statistical models to data samples. Despite its wide-spread use, the convergence properties of this algorithm are still not well understood. The main source of difficulty is an unjustified approximation which has been used to derive the gradient of the loss. In this paper, we present an alternative derivation of CD that does not require any approximation and sheds new light on the objective that is actually being optimized by the algorithm. Specifically, we show that CD is an adversarial learning procedure, where a discriminator attempts to classify whether a Markov chain generated from the model has been time-reversed. Thus, although predating generative adversarial networks (GANs) by more than a decade, CD is, in fact, closely related to these techniques. Our derivation settles well with previous observations, which have concluded that CD's update steps cannot be expressed as the gradients of any fixed objective function. In addition, as a byproduct, our derivation reveals a simple correction that can be used as an alternative to Metropolis-Hastings rejection, which is required when the underlying Markov chain is inexact (e.g., when using Langevin dynamics with a large step).
Geometric Modelling of the Thinning by Cell Complexes

Motivation: Thinning is an extremely active area of research because of its primary role in reducing the amount of information that must be processed by algorithms for pattern recognition. Most thinning algorithms are supposed to be topology-preserving, although an accurate statement of what this means is usually left unanswered.Results: The objective of this article is the presentation of a general topology via the concepts of homotopy theory to preserve the thinning. The proposed method can be applied to any decomposition of non-structural cells of the object, given that the cells have a fixed structure.Â Â
A Study of Code Clone Detection Techniques in Software Systems

Code clones are defined as identical or similar program structures that are created by copy-paste or modifying existing codes. They are acquainted with software systems due to the lack of programming skills, time restrictions, and other different constraints on the system as well as on the programming languages. Detection of code clones has many benefits in software development such as decreased maintenance cost, improved software quality, and simple settlements of new changes. In this paper, we have explored different code clone detection techniques and figure out their pros and cons. It assists in understanding the clone detection process and choosing appropriate techniques for detecting possible types of clones whose detection can help in the refactoring and maintenance processes.
The Impact of the Use of the Internet on the Marketing of Hate Speech From the Point of View of Analysts, People With Experience, Relationship and Technicians From Different Sectors of Jordanian Society

The study aimed to reveal the impact of the internet use of hate speech marketing.The researchers chose the study preview unit with experience and knowledge, university professors, journalists, political and social analysts and technicians from different segments of Jordanian society, who were completed their identification is based on an exploratory study carried out by the researcher before distributing the questionnaires of the study.A special questionnaire was designed for the purpose of collecting the study data according to the appropriate statistical methods.The study came out with a set of results, the most important of which are that the use of the Internet in all its dimensions had a high impact on the marketing of hate speech and all its components according to the unit opinion poll preview.The study also showed that the impact of the (degree of confidentiality) dimension was high, and it ranked first among the dimensions of using the Internet in influencing the marketing of hate speech.The study presented a set of recommendations including: establish laws and regulations that criminalize hate speech in all its forms and colors, and activate its implementation, monitor social media, determine the quality of the speech presented to it, and prosecute all those who encourage and communicate hate speech through it.Indeed, intensifying awareness campaigns about the danger of hate speech against society and immunizing individuals from listening to these speeches and what matters will lead to the event of their spread in societies of hatred, dispersal, disputes and wars through means of communication and media institutions, whether they are satellite channels or individuals.Moreover, the necessity of increasing the awareness of citizens through the support of all the formation and mentoring bodies that contribute to creating youth thought, starting from the family and passing through schools, friends and groups, preaching, religious and psychological guidance in places of worship, and holding conferences, seminars, and others.
Impoliteness in buyer-seller interaction: A focus on the Egbudu market bargaining in Warri, Delta State

This study examined impoliteness in linguistics discourse. The study aim was to show the impoliteness strategies employed in the market. Data were drawn from the conversations of buyers and sellers in Egbudu market, Warri, Delta State. Premised under Stephen Brown and Levison’s politeness theory, the study uses Jonathan Culpeper’s Impoliteness strategy as a theoretical consideration. Data for the study were collected using tape recorder. Ten (10) excerpts were randomly selected from the population size, to indicate instances of impoliteness in Egbudu market. The study adopts an eclectic model approach, to capture both the social and interactional aspects of sellers and buyers in the market. Findings from the study reveal that sellers and buyers employs positive impoliteness strategy, negative impoliteness strategy, bald on record impoliteness strategy to impair mutual understanding which has an overall negative impact on trade. In order to reduce impoliteness in the market, the study recommends amongst others, in- training teachings for traders.
Structural Equivalence between Electrical Circuits via Neutrosophic Nano Topology Induced by Digraphs

The purpose of the present work was to studythereal lifeproblems usingneutrosophic nanotopological graph theory. Most real-lifesituations need some sort of approximation to fit mathematical models. The beauty of using neutrosophic nano topology in approximation is achieved via approximation for qualitative sub graphs without coding or using assumption.By certain nano equivalence relation,we are formalizing the structural equivalenceof basic circuit of the LED light from the graphs and their corresponding neutrosophic nano topologies generated by them.
Faster Training of Word Embeddings

Word embeddings have gained increasing popularity in the recent years due to the Word2vec library and its extension fastText that uses subword information. In this paper, we aim at improving the execution speed of fastText training on homogeneous multi- and manycore CPUs while maintaining accuracy. We present a novel open-source implementation that flexibly incorporates various algorithmic variants including negative sample sharing, batched updates, and a byte-pair encoding-based alternative for subword units. We build these novel variants over a fastText implementation that we carefully optimized for the architecture, memory hierarchy, and parallelism of current manycore CPUs. Our experiments on three languages demonstrate 3-20x speed-up in training time at competitive semantic and syntactic accuracy.
Digestão de amostras geológicas para a quantificação de elementos das terras raras: Uma abordagem sustentável

The interest in the use of rare earth elements (REEs) has been so great that the development of suitable analytical methods for the determination of their mass fraction in geological samples has become increasingly required. Different acid mixtures have been used in the digestion of geological samples for the quantification of REEs, and most of them contain hydrofluoric acid (HF) to dissolve the silicates. However, this acid is highly toxic and its excess in the solutions from digestion step can cause various analytical problems. On the other hand, phosphoric acid (H3PO4), which has been little used in the digestions of geological samples, presents a lower manipulation risk and, in diluted solutions, it is compatible with the glass and quartz accessories of analytical equipments. This technical contribution aimed at replacing HF-bearing acidic mixtures by H3PO4 in the digestions of geological samples for the quantification of REEs. The digestion method consisted of dissolving 150 mg of sample with H3PO4 85% w/w (10 mL) at 290°C for 3 h in an open system. Six certified reference materials (CRMs) (DC86318, CGL 111, CGL 124, CGL 126, OKA-2 and COQ-1) and three samples (Araxa, Catalao and Pitinga) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP OES). The mineralogical compositions of the samples, CRMs and digestion residues, which were obtained in relatively high amounts are presented. The results indicated that the digestion with H3PO4, in an open system, is suitable for geological samples containing different mineralogical compositions, except those containing REEs associated to xenotime. In addition, it is faster (3 h of digestion) and safer when compared to the methods involving the use of HF in open systems.
FORMATION OF VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF FUTURE TEACHERS-CHOREOGRAPHERS IN THE PROCESS OF METHODOLOGICAL TRAINING

The modern philosophy of art and pedagogical education considers the idea of humanization of the educational process in higher education institutions as leading and emphasizes the need to form future teachers’ values, which are evidence of personal maturity, psychological readiness for teaching. The high level of formation of professional qualities of the teacher’s personality, full disclosure of his individual, potential and personal capabilities provide active pedagogical activity. As a component of personality’s structure, value orientations are manifested in human activity as certain hierarchies of benefits that a person provides to material, social and spiritual values. Social values act for the teacher of choreography as strategic goals of his pedagogical activity, influence the content and direction of his needs, motives and interests. The aim of methodical training of future teachers-choreographers is to form the foundations of their professional culture, the ability to operate with knowledge and skills in the process of understanding the problems of teaching choreography, a holistic vision of the pedagogical process. As a result of mastering the theory and technology of art education, methodological training includes individual socio-personal experience of theteacher as a set of methodological knowledge and skills that allow him to identify a personal scientifically sound position in solving art and educational problems. Based on the synthesis of opportunities, pedagogical abilities, social activity, inclusion of the individual in pedagogical activity, the subject of activity with his position, professional plans, beliefs, behaviour, attitude to the results of his own activity and value orientations is formed.
Analisis Kinerja Sistem Informasi Akademik Menggunakan Metode TRADE Pada Universitas Tridinanti Palembang

Palembang Tridinanti University has an academic information system created with the aim to facilitate lecturers, students and employees in the lecturing process of Tridinanti University in Palembang. then it needs to be reviewed to analyze the performance of academic information systems at Tridinanti University, Palembang. Therefore it is necessary to hold performance measurements to find out whether the academic information system is in accordance with what is expected. The measurement methods used are observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Then performance measurements are carried out to determine the performance of the running system using the method of performance measurement according to Training Resources Data Exchange (TRADE). The results of this study are used as recommendations for improvement so that the performance of the academic information system at Palembang's Tridinanti University can run according to the target
Pelatihan Metode Pembelajaran MASAK (Mudah, Asyik, Santai, Aktif, Kreatif terhadap Penguasaan Kosakata dan Mendengarkan Bahasa Inggris Guru PAUD RA Bintang Sembilan Cipayung Depok

&lt;p&gt;Learning is the process of interaction between students between students and educators by involving parents and learning resources in the atmosphere of learning and playing in PAUD units or programs. Learning activities in early childhood are essentially concrete curriculum development in the form of a set of plans that contain a number of learning experiences through play given to early childhood based on the potential and developmental tasks that must be mastered in order to achieve the competencies that must be possessed by children. Learning methods that can be used in teaching English in kindergarten are MASAK learning methods (Easy, Fun, Casual, Active, Creative). It aims to foster children's courage in expression in English so that children are interested in ongoing learning activities. The MASAK learning model invites children to directly interact with their friends, take action, and is a fun activity, so that children will easily remember vocab or vocabulary. The role of a teacher in providing learning media that is interesting and easy for children to understand is needed. Explicitly, this activity aims to explain the procedures and benefits of applying the MASAK learning method in vocabulary learning and English speaking skills to the teachers PAUD RA Bintang Sembilan Cipayung, Depok. From the results of the implementation of community service activities, several conclusions are given as follows: (1) The COOK Method (Easy, Fun, Casual, Active, Creative) is one of the right methods to be used in teaching English, especially vocabulary and listening to children with fun and easy way. (2) Teachers can utilize the use of the COOK method in conveying learning about mastering English vocabulary. (3) Schools can utilize the COOK method to support learning so as to improve the quality of learning and produce quality learning.&lt;/p&gt;
Blended learning via YouTube media to Motivate EFL learners on speaking skill

This study aims to investigate language teaching in the practice of English speaking skills through blended learning, utilizing Youtube as a media. Participants were 42 (males and female) in third semester students enrolled in the second year in Information Technology program, Serang Raya University. The method was classroom action research. Data collected through the procedure taken from the Kemmis Taggart model. Those were begun from planning, action, observation, and reflection. Meanwhile, the data analyzed based on the whole observation of the action on each circle and the result of questionnaires. The result shows that students were greatly motivated on practicing speaking skills.
Arabic Handwritten Recognition by using His Features

The present study is a contribution in the filed of Arabic character recognition. The first step is to enter an image from a scanner, and then some special processes are done on the image like (smoothing and thinning and resizing) before continuous to segmentation phase. Then modified moment invariant computed using the shape boundary of the character only is utilized as features.Also this study is concerned with the recognition of handwritten Arabic character drawn on a graphic tablet. At first feature that are suitable for recognition are proposed. Feature that are found to be independent of the writer style are represented as a list (vector) of integer values.The designed system in general view is an Arabic text recognition system basically includes a segmentation stage in order to recognize handwritten Arabic words. The segmentation process is completely based on tracing the outer of given word and calculating the output distance between the extreme points of intersection of the contour with vertical line. At the output of the segmentation stage the cursive word is presented as a sequence of isolated character contour.
Research on a Distributed Approach for Large-scale Image Retrieval based on Location-sensitive Hashing

With the rapid development of network and multimedia technologies, a large number of image databases have been produced, and image data has been experiencing an exponential growth. Meanwhile, the requirement for searching images, i.e. image retrieval in large databases is a hot issue. Many traditional methods search for images accurately according to the feature vector of the image, but this method is computationally expensive. The most famous improved solution is the Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH, Locality Sensitive Hashing) method which sacrifices some search accuracy to improve efficiency. However, most of the current LSH methods are difficult to handle large-scale data. Therefore, in this paper we design and implement a distributed image retrieval approach based on LSH. The hash value of an image is used to filter out a batch of completely irrelevant pictures, and then the distributed computing resources are utilized to find similar pictures. Experimental results show that the accuracy rate and recall rate could reach about 90%, at the same time the retrieval speed is acceptable, about 120 ms for each retrieval on average.
Digital game for the development of classroom verbal interaction strategies: enhanced pre-service teacher training model with technology

espanolEl articulo presenta los resultados de la implementacion de un modelo de formacion para el desarrollo de estrategias de interaccion verbal de aula en estudiantes de pedagogia, combinando clases presenciales y un juego digital. El diseno fue pre-experimental con pre y post test que evaluo mejoras en la capacidad de reconocimiento, analisis y diseno de estrategias de interaccion verbal en aula de los participantes. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 124 estudiantes de dos universidades chilenas: publica y privada. Tras cinco semanas de intervencion se observa un aumento significativo en el reconocimiento, analisis y diseno de interacciones verbales de aula de los estudiantes, encontrando diferencias estadisticamente significativas segun universidad y especialidad, no asi por sexo o nivel socioeconomico. Destaca una relacion positiva entre el uso del juego fuera de clases y la capacidad de analisis y diseno de interacciones de aula. Se observa una muy buena valoracion del modulo de formacion por parte de los estudiantes. Se analizan las implicancias y sugerencias para fortalecer la formacion inicial docente aprovechando las oportunidades de las tecnologias digitales. EnglishThis article presents the results of the implementation of a training model to develop classroom verbal interaction strategies for student teachers, combining traditional lessons (face-to-face) with a digital game. The research design was pre-experimental with a pre- and post-test which evaluated improvements in the participants’ ability to recognize, analyse and design classroom verbal interaction strategies. The sample was comprised of 124 students at two Chilean universities: one public and one private. After five weeks of implementation, the students’ ability to recognize, analyse and design classroom verbal interactions increased significantly, with statistically significant differences by university and specialization but not by sex or socioeconomic level. Noteworthy is a positive relationship between the use of the game outside class and the ability to analyse and design classroom interactions. The students very positively evaluated the training module. The implications are analysed, and suggestions are provided to strengthen pre-service teacher training by taking advantage of the opportunities afforded by the digital technologies.
Thе Rolе Of Historicаl Monumеnts In Thе Dеvеloрmеnt Of Cеntrаl Аsiаn Аrchitеcturе

This аrticlе dеscribеs thе history, imрortаncе, diffеrеncеs, dеvеloрmеnt аnd rolе of courtyаrds in thе dеvеloрmеnt of Cеntrаl Аsiаn аrchitеcturе. Рroblеms аnd solutions in thе fiеld of аrchitеcturе for thе rеstorаtion аnd rераir of courtyаrds in Cеntrаl Аsiа, thе еstаblishmеnt of dеfеnsivе zonеs in аll historicаl monumеnts.