Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A customizable approach to assess software quality through Multi-Criteria Decision Making

Over the years, Software Quality Engineering has increased interest, demonstrated by significant research papers published in this area. Determining when a software artifact is qualitatively valid is tricky, given the impossibility of providing an objective definition valid for any perspective, context, or stakeholder. Many quality model solutions have been proposed that reference specific quality attributes in this context. However, these approaches do not consider the context in which the artifacts will operate and the stakeholder’s perspective who evaluate its validity. Furthermore, these solutions suffer from the limitations of being artifact-specific and not extensible.In this paper, we provide a generic and extensible mechanism that makes it possible to aggregate and prioritize quality attributes. The user, taking into account his perspective and the context in which the software artifact will operate, is guided in defining all the criteria for his quality model. The management of these criteria is then facilitated through Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). In addition, we present the PRETTEF model, a concrete instance of the proposed approach for assessing and selecting MVC frameworks.
Metamodel portioning for flexible and secure architectural views

Interacting with a monolithic architecture model to describe the architecture of large-scale software-intensive systems can be a complex and daunting task. The plethora of various concerns being addressed in a single model can impede the ability of individual stakeholders to discern their aspects of relevance. Architectural views allow to spread the various concerns into multiple (smaller) models, each of which addresses a specific concern, thereby aiding architects to break down the complexity of the overall architecture. To enable that, the architectural language should be able to provide explicit separation of concerns, addressed by multiple and somehow separated language portions. For secure collaborative architecting, these portions should be equipped with access control mechanisms that ensure the integrity and confidentiality of the models.In this paper, we present our vision for the automated generation of portions of architectural (and more generically modeling) languages enhanced with access control mechanisms and co-evolution of the architectural portions in response to changes made to the base language.
Towards supporting malleable architecture models

Engineers commonly use informal diagrams for sketching, brainstorming, and communicating initial system designs. Diagramming is accessible, new concepts can be added freely, and diagrams can be specifically adjusted to communicate at the exact right level of abstraction depending on the audience. However, the information carried by informal diagrams is most often not precise enough for automation purposes, e.g. analysis. Consequently, there is a risk that these diagrams and the knowledge carried by them are lost in slide decks or buried somewhere in a documentation space. Diagrammatic models, which, unlike informal diagrams, have well-defined syntax and semantics, can be used for automatic analysis of consistency, architectural conformance, change impact, and others. Given the preference for informal diagramming, complete adoption of modeling for architectures seems unlikely in industrial settings that we have studied so far. Therefore, we propose to support engineers to benefit from both these seemingly opposites, as well as to ensure that diagrams convey the right amount of information for the particular task at hand. We envision more malleable models, in which engineers can freely navigate along two orthogonal spectra: (1) horizontal, from informal diagramming to modeling and (2) vertical, from less to more details exposed by a diagram. This paper describes our vision for working with such malleable models, use cases for it, and research needed to make it possible.
Where and What do Software Architects blog? : An Exploratory Study on Architectural Knowledge in Blogs, and their Relevance to Design Steps

Software engineers share their architectural knowledge (AK) in different places on the Web. Recent studies show that architectural blogs contain the most relevant AK, which can help software engineers to make design steps. Nevertheless, we know little about blogs, and specifically architectural blogs, where software engineers share their AK. In this paper, we conduct an exploratory study on architectural blogs to explore their types, topics, and their AK. Moreover, we determine the relevance of architectural blogs to make design steps. Our results support researchers and practitioners to find and re-use AK from blogs.
Securing a National Driver and Vehicle Registration System with Blockchain

Countries have laws and policies around motor vehicles in order to shield citizens from harm, protect important infrastructure and preserve the environment. However, enforcing those laws is difficult because of the scale of such a task as well as the presence of corruption and forged documents. One of the key ways governments have tackled this issue is by creating driver and vehicle registration systems where information is collected and accessed by relevant participants such as police, vehicle insurers, and government agencies. These systems often use centralized architectures that rely on a single party. Because this approach has limited transparency it can undermine the trust in the system. This is the case of Colombia. A country with a system that handles about 1.5 million procedures every month and is classified as critical national infrastructure. This system is nearing its end of life and the requirements for its replacement have been made public. According to these, the new system will use blockchain, a technology that can decentralize responsibility between several actors thus removing single points of failure, increasing transparency and trust. This would make it one of the first blockchain solutions in Colombia in the public sector, and globally one of the first uses of blockchain by a transit organization. In this paper, an architecture for the new driver and vehicle registration system is proposed. First the context of the system is described, followed by Architecturally Significant Requirements (ASR), constraints, design decisions, architecture views and validations.
Detecting Inconsistencies in Software Architecture Documentation Using Traceability Link Recovery

Documenting software architecture is important for a system’s success. Software architecture documentation (SAD) makes information about the system available and eases comprehensibility. There are different forms of SADs like natural language texts and formal models with different benefits and different purposes. However, there can be inconsistent information in different SADs for the same system. Inconsistent documentation then can cause flaws in development and maintenance. To tackle this, we present an approach for inconsistency detection in natural language SAD and formal architecture models. We make use of traceability link recovery (TLR) and extend an existing approach. We utilize the results from TLR to detect unmentioned (i.e., model elements without natural language documentation) and missing model elements (i.e., described but not modeled elements). In our evaluation, we measure how the adaptations on TLR affected its performance. Moreover, we evaluate the inconsistency detection. We use a benchmark with multiple open source projects and compare the results with existing and baseline approaches. For TLR, we achieve an excellent F <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> -score of 0.81, significantly outperforming the other approaches by at least 0.24. Our approach also achieves excellent results (accuracy: 0.93) for detecting unmentioned model elements and good results for detecting missing model elements (accuracy: 0.75). These results also significantly outperform competing baselines. Although we see room for improvements, the results show that detecting inconsistencies using TLR is promising.
The beauty of software architecture

The concept of beauty has fascinated humans since the beginning of their existence. To inspire research questions on the beauty of software architecture, we use the progress in other areas, like civil architecture and plastic surgery. Our most important findings are that practitioners view software architecture as beautiful if it reduces their effort to work with it and that the beauty of software architecture greatly impacts the happiness and motivation of the developers working on it. Overall, this research paper gives insights into the definition of beautiful software architecture in practice and explains its importance. Additionally, we propose ways to create beautiful software architecture and teach it. The focus on beauty in software architecture is essential in mid- to large-sized projects to increase the developers’ happiness and, therefore, the quality of the product.
Multi-input BiLSTM deep learning model for social bot detection

The recent emergence of social bot detection tech-niques on social media has lately garnered immense attention. These fake automated accounts can post content and interact with other accounts as if they were hosted by a real person. In fact, automation in the wrong hands is a threat, opening up the opportunity to some malicious users and manipulators to spread fake news and misleading information. Various approaches and techniques are used for bot detection making a diversity of choices for relevant feature selection. Therefore, exploiting the accounts auxiliary information and textual features is challenging of itself because their combination produce incomplete, unstructured, and noisy data. This research offers a new architecture that incorporates multiple inputs based on the tweet content and the user metadata merged then fed into a Bidirectional Long-Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network. We obtain very satisfactory results as regard to performance metrics (over 97% for accuracy, precision, fl-score, 98% for recall and 99% of ROC/AUC). Experiments with real-world data reveals that it is complex to identify the impact of each feature in bot detection problem and gives accurate detection results.
Towards a Scalable Dual-Sided Blockchain Architecture with Concurrency Protocols

This paper explores the potential of blockchain technology to improve cross-border trade by providing a secure and transparent way to track and verify the movement of goods, services, and funds across borders. By creating a tamper-proof record of transactions, blockchain can reduce fraud and increase transparency in the supply chain, as well as streamline the process of documenting and verifying transactions. The paper presents a new technology proposal, developed by Cobe, for a comprehensive cross-border trade ecosystem that includes both native permissioned and permissionless chains, connected via a relay system, and featuring a suite of cross-border trade APIs. The study also examines the concurrency protocols in the context of the proposed dual-sided blockchain architecture, providing a comprehensive analysis of the proposed system’s potential to improve cross-border trade.
Designing an Architecture Team: An Experience Report

In 2021, Hering, an industry and fashion retailer with more than 140 years of industry experience launched a cultural and digital transformation project to modernize its structure. We faced several challenges, including the need for more technologies to quickly meet the business’s sales expansion. One of the first challenges was to form an architecture team responsible for developing technological solutions for the company. This report describes the strategies and approach adopted to form the team, in addition to the results achieved, the main lessons learned, and the mistakes we made. The report shows that the team’s cultural, technological, and strategic orientation is crucial to achieving rapid growth.
Blockchain Scalability and Security: Communications Among Fast-Changing Committees Made Simple

For permissionless blockchains, scalability is paramount. While current technologies still fail to address this problem fully, many research works propose sharding or other techniques that extensively adopt parallel processing of transactions. In these approaches, a potentially large number of committees of nodes independently perform consensus and process new transactions. Hence, in addition to regular intra-committee communication, (1) new transactions have to be delivered to the right committee, (2) committees need to communicate to process inter-shard transactions or (3) to exchange intermediate results. To contrast slowly adaptive adversaries, committees should be frequently changed. However, efficient communication to frequently-changing committees is hard.We propose a simple approach that allows us to implicitly select committee members and effectively deliver messages to all members of a specific committee, even when committees are changed frequently. The aim of our design is to provide a committee selection procedure and a committee-targeted communication primitive to be applied in most of the scalable blockchain architectures that are currently proposed in literature. We provide a theoretical proof of the security of our approach and first experimental results that shows that our approach might be feasible in practice.
Formalizing the Relationship between Security Policies and Objectives in Software Architectures

It is difficult to ensure the relationship between the selected security solutions and the security concerns in software architecture design. Assuring this analysis manually is labor intensive, expertise dependent and error prone. As a result, there is an increasing need for the development of reusable security solutions to aid in the early stages of secure system development. This paper proposes an approach for designing secure component-based software architectures using analysis around two main aspects: (1) the use of formal methods to formally verify and capture the satisfaction relationship between policies (security solutions) and the targeted security objectives (problems) and, (2) the definitions of these policies and security objectives as properties and provided as formal model libraries to support their reuse. To validate our work, we investigate a representative confidentiality security objective extracted from the CIA (confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity) classification and its relationship with a related policy in the context of secure component-based software architecture development. The proposed model can assist system designers in reworking their designs in order to satisfy the identified security objectives. In this way, our approach can help in the development of dependable software systems. Finally, we propose an MDE-based tool to support the approach and automate part of the analysis using reusable formal models.
An Efficient and Decentralized Blockchain-based Commercial Alternative

Lyzis Labs is an incentive-driven and democratic protocol built upon a decentralized online marketplace based on blockchain technology. The major proposal of the protocol, Lyzis Marketplace, allows two or more people to be securely connected in a decentralized way without going through a Trusted Third Party (TTP) to perform physical asset exchanges while primarily providing transparent and fully protected data storage. The necessary components are built to ensure that within the platform, the honest strategy of an actor (seller or buyer) is safe, in a strong game-theoretic sense, if the arbiter is biased in favor of the honest parties. Such approach may give rise to a permissionless, secure and transparent business system where users are empowered by decision-making and can simultaneously follow personal and collective interests.
Characteristic Mapping for Ellipse Detection Acceleration

It is challenging to characterize the intrinsic geometry of high-degree algebraic curves with lower-degree algebraic curves. The reduction in the curve's degree implies lower computation costs, which is crucial for various practical computer vision systems. In this paper, we develop a characteristic mapping (CM) to recursively degenerate 3n points on a planar curve of n th order to 3(n-1) points on a curve of (n-1) th order. The proposed characteristic mapping enables curve grouping on a line, a curve of the lowest order, that preserves the intrinsic geometric properties of a higher-order curve (ellipse). We prove a necessary condition and derive an efficient arc grouping module that finds valid elliptical arc segments by determining whether the mapped three points are colinear, invoking minimal computation. We embed the module into two latest arc-based ellipse detection methods, which reduces their running time by 25% and 50% on average over five widely used data sets. This yields faster detection than the state-of-the-art algorithms while keeping their precision comparable or even higher. Two CM embedded methods also significantly surpass a deep learning method on all evaluation metrics.
Application of adaptive moving object detection and edge calculation in police physical education training app course

Nowadays, the theoretical knowledge and computer skills of digital signal processing are increasing year by year, and the mode of combining moving target detection industry and edge computing gradually occupies an important position in the research process of processing and pattern recognition in various application fields. For moving target detection and edge algorithm, this paper proposes a technical method based on Gaussian mixture background model and filtering, which combines moving target detection and edge calculation. This method changes the learning rate mechanism of the traditional weight in the background model updating, so that the background model can be continuously effective. Then, the motion information and centroid position information of the detected moving target are taken as the initial input data of the filter, so that the filter can start tracking the target. Finally, by analyzing and understanding the development history of Chinese police sports, analyzing the current situation of police sports teaching and training in Chinese public security colleges, we find the problems existing in police sports teaching and training in public security colleges, and use target detection and edge algorithm. Carry out actual calculation in the police sports teaching app, adjust the curriculum objective system of police sports teaching, update the teaching content, reform the teaching methods, reposition the police sports teaching curriculum, build a high-quality teaching team, fully improve the theoretical system of police sports quality education in public security colleges, and cultivate a large number of compound and applied public security talents with strong comprehensive quality and ability.
Simulation of China’s urban tourism activity based on improved density clustering algorithm

Tourism is the pillar industry of many cities, and it is also an important key point to promote urban development and maintain urban vitality. At present, the analysis of urban tourism activity in China can better assist the research of regional economic development and promote the orderly development of regional economy. Many scholars have carried out the analysis in this respect. As a new and growing field, artificial intelligence also plays an important role in urban tourism. With the continuous development of science and technology, and the human intelligence field of human research is also developing. New artificial intelligence products continue to emerge. The workload of most artificial intelligence may exceed the manual workload. In order to continuously update artificial intelligence, individuals effectively combine data mining and artificial intelligence, and combine many knowledge disseminated by the network with artificial intelligence technology to create an advanced knowledge network model. This paper uses the OPTICS-based clustering algorithm to analyze the clustering of photographs on the Flickr website and obtain information about tourism activities in Chinese cities. With the help of visualization software to visualize the experimental data and verify the experimental results introduced in this article, city tourism activities can be recommended to the destination. At present, many scholars have studied the application of improved density clustering algorithm in the field of biology and image analysis, but there are still some gaps in the development of tourism. This paper can make some contributions to the related fields.
Socio-Professional Group of IT Specialists: Conceptualization of the Theoretical and Methodological Foundations of the Study

Introduction. For sociology, it is important to understand the content and forms of integration of IT specialists as one of the types of social associations. Such an analysis is important to carry out since the interpretation and content characteristics of this community subsequently guide all other elements of the strategy of theoretical and empirical research. In particular, it is relevant to identify: in what capacity of a “professional community” or “professional group” IT specialists act as a real social phenomenon. Methodology and sources. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of IT specialists involved identifying the nature and forms of their social integration: as socioprofessional groups, or as socio-professional communities. Based on the analysis of the fundamental provisions of foreign and Russian sociologists F. Tennis, J. Shchepansky, R. Merton, K. Manheim, T.M. Mills, P.A. Sorokin, V.A. Yadov, and many others, the differences in the understanding of “community” and “group” are revealed as a reflection of the special essential characteristics of these forms of integration. Results and discussion. The results of the analysis of statistical data show that the concept of a social group is used much more often than the concept of community in characterizing integration processes; this is a more relevant category for modern research. The results confirm the significant connection between the concept of “group” and the concepts of “values”, “common goal”, and “professional”. Exploring the numerous features of IT specialists, such as self-education, the desire to organize training based on introspection, significant differences from other specialists in the system of professions “human-sign system”, such as erudition and logical thinking, mastering mathematics, English language, the Internet as necessary starting conditions for entering the profession, the authors use the definition of a professional or social group. Conclusion. IT professionals should be considered a special socio-professional group with all the signs of such social integration. IT professionals operate in today's multidimensional social space. As a social group, IT specialists are united by the presence of a common feature – activities in a special environment – in the information and digital space, common social values.