Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
SNAKES AND LADDERS GAME: AN ALTERNATIVE INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY TO ENHANCE THE LEARNERS’ GRAMMATICAL PROFICIENCY

This present study reports on the findings related to the use of the snake and ladder game as a strategy to enhance the learners’ grammatical proficiency in mastering simple future tense. The participants were 27 eleventh graders of SMK Asrama Pembina Masyarakat. A number of instruments used in this study. The developments of the students’ grammatical proficiency were collected through the two sets of pre-test and post-test. The data related to the students’ attitude toward grammatical problems and the implementation of snake and ladder game were collected through questionnaires. Observation was employed to record the students’ participation during the lesson. The findings revealed that the students’ grammatical proficiency significantly improved. There were 20 (74.07%) out of 27 students who passed the criterion of minimum completeness of 75. The average score of students showed 77.26. Through the distributed questionnaires, the findings also demonstrated the positive thoughts and attitudes related to the game they played during the lesson. The students’ participation to the use of the snake and ladder game in teaching-learning activity in the classroom was also pleasing. It can be concluded that the application of this game can meet the all criteria of success of cycle. In other words, it can play positive role in developing the learners’ grammatical proficiency.
Lexical Errors in Korean College Students' Business Emails

본 연구는 번역기를 활용한 비즈니스 이메일 영작문 수업에서 대학생들이 작성한 영작문에 나타난 단어사용 오류를 분석하고 설명하고자 하는 연구이다. 연구는 취업실무영어 수업을 수강한 7명의 대학생들이 3가지 과제에 대해 작성한 21개 이메일을 분석하여 이에 나타난 오류를 분석하였다. 연구결과 어색한 의미의 단어를 사용한 오류는 동사, 명사 형용사 순으로 빈번하게 나타났으며, 내용상으로는 수식어 사용이나 구체적인 표현기술에 부족한 경우도 빈번하게 나타나 학습자의 어휘실력이 부족해서 의도한대로 글을 구체적이고 자세하게 기술하지 못하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 불필요한 단어나 구를 삽입하여 논리적인 글의 전개에 모순을 보이는 경우도 있었다. 이러한 오류분석을 통하여 영어를 학습하고 있는 학습자가 어색한 의미의 동사를 사용하고 있고 어휘력이 부족해서 번역기를 사용함에도 불구하고 어려움을 겪고 있다는 결과를 보여줌으로 앞으로의 영어 쓰기교육의 연구와 교육에 방향성을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 본다.This study aimed at providing a comprehensive account of the sources and causes of errors in business emails that Korean college students wrote using a translation machine. Data were collected from 21 emails written by the students taking a business English course. Findings showed t hat the students tended to make frequent errors in awkward verb use, one of substitution errors. Among awkward words, verb, noun, adjective errors appear in order by frequency. Considering meaning of the texts, students could not use enough modifier such as ajectives, ajective phrases, ajective clauses, and prepositional phrases, which fails to describe their ideas and thoughts more delicately. Also, they demonstrate they had difficulties describing in details due to their lack of vocaburary. Therefore, the study suggested that the students’ common errors imply that they experience some difficulties learning specific lexical meaning. Given that learners’ errors can give us valuable insights into teaching and learning how to write in English, pedagogical suggestions are put forward based on the study results. (Seowon University)
Study on Hand Tracking with IMU

Many devices that capture hand movements and body movements have limited tracking range. For example, Kinect which is a motion capture device using a stereo camera can perform motion tracking only in the range captured by a stereo camera. Therefore, in order not to be trapped within the capture range, it is necessary to perform motion capture using a sensor that does not limit the measurement range. Therefore, we will capture the posture and position of the hand using IMU. However, in order to detect movement in the IMU, it is necessary to integrate the acceleration twice, and the movement diverges due to the influence of sensor noise. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method to estimate hand position from arm posture and perform hand capture.
Features of Categorization in the Field of Subject Perception of Adult Active Internet Users

The article is devoted to categorization as one of the leading mechanisms of cognitive activity. Theoretical positions in the understanding of categorization are considered, the appeal to the methodology of the psycho­semantic ap-proach in its empirical study is substantiated. A hypothesis about the compli-cation of the categorical structure of consciousness of adult users of digital technologies due to speci0xFB01c characteristics of the Internet is expressed. The results of the study of the cognitive complexity of consciousness in the 0xFB01eld of subject­sensory cognition of adult active Internet users are presented. It has been empirically proven that they have no cognitive advantages as compared with adults who continue to use the printed word as the preferred information coding system (on a sample of 500 people over 35 years old who are know­ledge workers). An explanation is o0exFB00red to the recorded absence of di0exFB00­rences in categorization through the commonality among respondents of the cultural­historical nature of the knowledge categories of the objective world and through the features of the media image as the leading coding unit of Internet information.
Visualisation of Code Changes for Code Review

Code reviews are a widely adopted practice in software engineering that is proven to increase the quality of the code. Despite its evolution in the last decade, it still presents a number of challenges, such as understanding the changeset in review. In this thesis we research the usage of Software Visualisation paradigms to aid reviewers in the change-understanding process with a tool-based approach. Based on a survey of the code change visualisation and code navigation research areas, we devise a set of candidate prototypes of a cognitive support review tool, which we iteratively refine involving developers in the process. Through an online survey, we select one of them and build CHANGEVIZ, the implementation of our novel code review environment. The effectiveness of our approach is validated with a preliminary experiment in which developers perform change-review tasks in our review environment. The results suggest that the features incorporated by our tool are valuable for reviewers.
Improvement of Mitosis Detection Through the Combination of PHH3 and HE Features

Mitosis detection in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images is prone to error due to the unspecificity of the stain for this purpose. Alternatively, the inmunohistochemistry phospho-histone H3 (PHH3) stain has improved the task with a significant reduction of the false negatives. These facts point out on the interest in combining features from both stains to improve mitosis detection. Here we propose an algorithm that, taking as input a pair of whole-slides images (WSI) scanned from the same slide and stained with H&E and PHH3 respectively, find the matching between the stains of the same object. This allows to use both stains in the detection stage. Linear filtering in combination with local search based on a kd-tree structure is used to find potential matches between objects. A Siamese convolutional neural network (SCNN) is trained to detect the correct matches and a CNN model is trained for mitosis detection from matches. At the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that mitosis detection in WSI is assessed combining two stains. The experiments show a strong improvement of the detection F1-score when H&E and PHH3 are used jointly compared to the single stain F1-scores.
Cooperative learning and the use of blogs in Higher Education. An initiative oriented to promote a deeper understanding of social and ethical issues between teacher students

The objective of this article is to evaluate the promotion of cooperative learning through the use of blogs in several courses of sociology of education oriented towards undergraduate teacher students. Cooperative learning entails that the student interaction is continued and profound, as well as oriented to obtain a major social and ethical deep learning among students. Each group of students have to create a blog with different information useful for the course developing. Students, from the previous knowledge presented in class, have to define the task (objectives, plan, schedule and final product). Accordingly, each group have to self-manage the work to do (participation of each member, planning, revision...).We combine situations in class with teachers and also cooperative learning among students. In this sense, appears the process of shared knowledge towards cooperative learning. Evaluation questionnaires have shown positive assessment by students. Findings show that their learning is deeper and more social and ethical, but, students pointed out the workload it entails.
Formation of readiness of future teachers to professional activity in inclusive educational space

The article defines the essential characteristics and structural components of the readiness of future teachers to work in the conditions of inclusion. The problem of formation of inclusive competence of students is considered in terms of the requirements of modern standards of higher education, as well as three models of formation of readiness for professional activity in an inclusive educational space. The article also shows the experience and results of activity of teachers of Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University on preparation of students for work in the conditions of inclusive education are presented.
FOREIGN BANK PENETRATION AND THE BANK LENDING CHANNEL IN EMERGING AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 2000-2014

This paper analyzes the effect of foreign bank penetration on the real credit growth during the crisis and the bank-lending channel of monetary transmission in developing and emerging economies.Based on a panel data of over 50 countries from six different regions during 2000-2014, we specifically explore whether countries with a large number of foreign banks suffered more from the contraction in lending during the 2007-2009 financial crisis and whether foreign bank penetration weakened the monetary policy transmission through the bank lending channel as argued in the literature.Applying the system GMM method, we find consistent evidence that the increased level of foreign bank penetration has mitigated the contraction in bank credit during the crisis, lending support for the existence of internal capital markets for global banks.Additionally, our results indicate that host countries' banking sectors with a larger number of foreign banks become more responsive to changes in monetary policy, independent of various macroeconomic and bank-specific measures as such as capitalization and credit risk.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar PAI Menggunakan Metode The Learning Cell pada Materi Menceritakan Kisah Nabi

This study aims to determine the application of The Learning Cell method on subjects PAI material tells the story of the Prophet can improve the learning achievement of fifth grade students at SD Negeri 46 Rejang Lebong District Selupu Rejang Rejang Lebong District. This study is a classroom action research (CAR) with a total of 16 students. The results of the study showed that in the first cycle the average score of students was 71.25 which increased by 11.64. Students who scored above KKM also increased to 9 children or 56.75% from the original only 2 children or 87.5%. In the second cycle improvement the average formative test scores of students were 82.81 increasing by 11.56 from the first cycle. Students who scored above the specified score (KKM) were 11 children or 68.75%. It can be concluded, the learning cell method can improve student learning outcomes on material telling the story of the prophet.&#x0D; Keywords: Learning Achievement, The Learning Cell.
Comparative Study of Three Image Enhancement Techniques for Geospatial Data

Processing images for Geomatic works is one of the most difficult techniques.The image enhancement algorithms have direct effect on the quality of images.It is normally done to improve visual appearance and provide a better technique for future automated image processing.Sources of mages include satellite, photography and aerial photogrammetry that are used for geospatial data processing.These images suffer from poor contrast and noise.To use these images effectively, there is the need to enhance the contrast and remove the noise from the image to increase its quality.There are different techniques for image enhancement but this study focused on image interpolation.This multi-resolution technique is useful for variety of fields where fine and minor details are important.In this research, the Nearest Neighbor, Bilinear and Bicubic image interpolation algorithm were compared.Using the aforementioned techniques, two images were enhanced in order to compare their strengths and processing speed.The results of the algorithm of Nearest Neighbor had low computational time, low complexity of algorithm and poor image quality.On the other hand, the algorithms of Bilinear and Bicubic had average and high computational time, average and high complexity of algorithm and average and good image quality respectively.
A Novel Approach to Secret Data Concealment with High Cover Text Capacity and Security

Massive technological advancement and rapid internet growth has made the security of secret data more challenging for security researchers. Though, steganography techniques were also evolved but still require large cover text to conceal large message. Therefore, to deal capacity issue, present research articulates a novel approach to achieve high data concealment capacity of cover text along with security by using combination of steganography and cryptography. Current algorithm applies four-layer encryption on secret message and seven Unicode characters such as invisible plus (IP), invisible separator (IS), inhabit symmetric swapping (ISS), left to right override (LRO), (ZWNJ), zero width joiner (ZWJ), zero width non-joiner and zero width character (ZWC), are employed to embed secret information into English carrier text to generate stego text object. The result reflects tremendous increase of 300% in carrier text capacity and encryption significantly enhances the security of secret information. Moreover, the identical carrier and stego text reduces hacker's attention.
AN ANALYSIS OF LOANS AND DEPOSITS OF NON-BANKS, NON-GOVERNMENT CUSTOMERS BY COUNTY IN THE ROMANIAN WEST REGION

This analysis of the structure of loans and deposits of Non-Banks, Non-Government Customers by county in Romania West Region, in January 2019, shows a big difference between counties. This difference is made by the economic development of each county and by the accessibility of products and services offered by banks. Loans are analysis in lei and in foreign exchange, offered by banks for non-financial corporations, households and other. This analysis shows the correlation between the financial resources, economic development and demand or times deposits.
Building Dynamic Lexicons for Sentiment Analysis

Nowadays, many approaches for Sentiment Analysis (SA) rely on affective lexicons to identify emotions transmitted in opinions. However, most of these lexicons do not consider that a word can express different sentiments in different predication domains, introducing errors in the sentiment inference. Due to this problem, we present a model based on a context-graph which can be used for building domain specic sentiment lexicons(DL: Dynamic Lexicons) by propagating the valence of a few seed words. For different corpora, we compare the results of a simple rule-based sentiment classier using the corresponding DL, with the results obtained using a general affective lexicon. For most corpora containing specic domain opinions, the DL reaches better results than the general lexicon.
Multi-State Siamese network for indoor visual navigation

The traditional Siamese network is often used to solve the similarity classification problem with a small amount of data and large number of categories. This method can determine the similarities and differences between different objects, but only limited to two classifications: Same or different. This paper proposes a similarity classification method based on a new Siamese architecture ---- Multi-State Siamese (MSS) network, which is used to distinguish multi-class similar scenes. And it is applied to indoor visual navigation to assist the agent to decide how to move from the current observation scene to the target scene. In the MSS network, a new loss function model is established to minimize the distance between the same category during training. By classifying indoor visual scenes, the agent is guided to realize navigation function. The experiments verify the convergence of the model and achieve good accuracy in recognition.
UPDATING THE STUDENTS’ MASTERY ON DISCOURSE MARKERS TO IMPROVE THEIR READING SKILLS

The current study aimed at justifying that updating or upgrading the mastery on discourse markers (DMs) could improve the students’ reading skills. It is arguably true that DMs do facilitate readers to comprehend texts in terms of the logical and grammatical relation. Therefore, an action research involving 21 students randomly selected as the subjects of the study were conducted in Reading Classes. Pre-test, Post-test 1 and Post-test 2 were administered to generate the data consisting of the progress of their reading skills. Theoretical insights on DMs (function and uses) were also highlighted including the teaching procedures to support the findings of the classroom action research. It turns out that despite the fact that there are 4 types of DMs, only three of them were mostly used in the reading texts, namely contrastive, elaborative and inferential markers. Updating or upgrading DMs proves effective to improve the students’ reading skills as there were increases in scores to indicate improvements.&#x0D; Key words: discourse markers, action research, reading skills
Masih Pentingkah UN bagi Siswa? Is UN Still Important for Students?

The main purpose of this study is to answer the following question. Is there any influence of junior high school student’s opinion on the importance of the National Examination against the 2018 National Examination results because currently the National Examination is no longer a determinant of graduation? The population of this study was junior high school students participated in the National Examination in 2018. The data in this study were in the form of test scores and students’ answers to questionnaires in 34 provinces throughout Indonesia. Filling out questionnaires was carried out voluntarily on the last day of the National Examination, so the number of respondents filling out the questionnaire was 3.224.331 from 37.859 junior high school students. The number of respondents is the sample in this study. Based on the results of the t-test analysis obtained as follows. The influence of student opinions stating that the UN is important and not important to the 2018 UN results even though the UN is not a determinant of graduation is proven. This means that there is a significant influence (P &lt;0,000) of the student's opinions towards the 2018 National Examination results for subjects: Indonesian, English, Mathematics, and Science, (Sig. 0,000). Most of the SMP / MTs students amount to 199.222 (90.7%) stated that the National Examination was important, while students who stated that the UN was not important were 20.340 (9.3%) students. The conclusion is that there is an influence of the junior high school students’ opinion about the importance of the National Examination towards the 2018 UN results even though the National Examination is not a determinant of graduation.
Research on Teachers’ Professionalization and the Development of Normal Education in China

In a broad sense, the professional development of teachers' profession means that teachers' profession has its own unique professional requirements and characteristics and has a special training system and management system.In a narrow sense, professional development of teachers' profession refers to the process of professional development of teachers in the whole career, which means that teachers acquire educational expertise and skills by virtue of professional organizations, implement professional autonomy, show professional ethics, and gradually improve their teaching quality as a professional educator after lifelong professional training.In other words, it means the process of professional development from "ordinary people" to "educators".Essentially, the development of teachers' professionalization is the process of teachers' individual professional development, the process of teachers' continuous acceptance of new knowledge and the process of increasing their professional ability.The professionalization of teachers in China has mainly gone through three stages: the cultivation stage of seniority and clergy, the normal education stage of teachers' professionalization and teachers' professional qualification certificate stage.Historically, the professional development of teachers' profession is closely related to the birth and development of normal education, which is accompanied by the emergence of social division of labor and the development of social productivity.The professional development of teachers' profession in China must be based on the improvement of teachers' professional status, the improvement of teachers' academic qualifications, the improvement of teacher training system and the optimization of curriculum structure.Educational and academic nature, closed orientation and open non-orientation are important characteristics of teachers' professional development in different periods.Teachers' professional development must combine the professionalization of normal education with the systematization of pedagogical subjects.At the same time, it promotes the renewal of teachers' educational and teaching concepts, and further promotes the effective solution of the contradictions between educational and academic nature, closed orientation and open non-orientation.