Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Toward Precise Point Location in Mouse Pose Estimation by Multi-scale Supervised Network

Mouse pose estimation has been used in animal behavior analysis that plays an important role in biological neuroscience and behavioral science. Computer vision community mainly focuses on human pose estimation. Human pose estimation locates joints by regressing the Gaussian heatmaps of joints. Compared with the human pose estimation task, the mouse pose estimation requires the precise location of key points. A naive solution is that mouse pose estimation borrows the network from the human pose etstimation with the smaller Guassian heatmaps. However, smaller Gaussian heatmaps empirically make the model difficult to be trained and even not be converged, leading to an inferior accuracy. In this paper, we propose a muti-scale supervised network by adding the spatial constraints into the state-of-the- art the top-down to down-top structure. Concretely, the small Gaussian heatmaps are added as supervision informations at the each scale of the down-top path. With the multi-scale supervison, the resulting features of the down-top scales progressively locate the joints and make training process fast to converge. Besides, a multi-stage fusion is proposed to makes that the multi-scale supervison at the down-top path could transfer into the top- down one from the next stage. Two datasets, a benchmark dataset and a dataset published by ourself, are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of methods.
Optimizing Cloud Computing Costs of Services for Consumers

Cloud computing consumers wish to minimize their costs. Minimization depends on the technological infrastructure operated by providers. Cloud computing services are composed of services organized according to a hierarchy of software services, platforms, and infrastructures. Providers offer software services as bundles of services which include software, platform, and infrastructures. Bundling prevents customers from splitting their service purchases between different providers. Bundling policy is likely to change in the long run since it contradicts economic competition. This chapter assumes that in the future market forces will push providers to act in a free competitive market. The proposed model is aimed at the potential customer who wishes to find the optimal combination of service providers which minimizes his costs. The model suggests two possible strategies for implementation in organizations.
Cataloging Serials Reproductions: Annoying Applications–Reprint Serials

Keiko Okuhara, Japanese Catalog Librarian at the University of Pittsburgh, presented guidelines and detailed instruction on the cataloging of microform reproductions and paper-based reprints. She used citations to the standard cataloging tools and used sample records to illustrate her points. The final portion of her presentation dealt with matters affecting the future direction of reproduction cataloging, such as the forthcoming revision to AACR2 and developments relating to multiple versions. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: &lt;docdelivery@haworthpress.com&gt; Website: &lt;http://www.HaworthPress.com&gt;]
A Randomized Cloud Library Security Environment

Cloud computing is leading the technology development of today's communication scenario. This is because of its cost-efficiency and flexibility. In Cloud computing vast amounts of data are stored in varied and distributed environments, and security to data is of prime concern. RSA or Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) provides a secure means of message transmission among communicating hosts using Diffie Hellman Key Exchange algorithm or ElGamal algorithm. By having key lengths of 160 bits, the ECC algorithm provides sufficient strength against crypto analysis and its performance can be compared with standard algorithms like RSA with a bit length of 1024 bits. In the present work, the plain text is converted to cipher text using RSA or ECC algorithms. As the proposed model is intended to be used in Cloud environment, a probabilistic mathematical model is also used. While the data is being retrieved from the servers, a query is being used which uses the mathematical model to search for the data which is still in encryption form. Final decryption takes place only at user's site by using the private keys. Thus the security model provides the fundamental security services like Authentication, Security, and Confidentiality to the transmitted message and also provides sufficient strength against crypto analysis in Cloud environment.
Recurrent Neural Networks for Coupled Matrix Equations Based on Gradient Search

A gradient-based neural network is investigated and analyzed for coupled matrix equations. First, a non-negative function is established to construct the neural network. Then, a recurrent neural network is developed to find the solution of coupled matrix equations. Some convergence results of the presented gradient-based neural network under different activation functions are developed. Moreover, a modified version of the designed neural network is proposed for the considered equations. Numerical examples are given to show the advantages of the developed methods.
Materials and Methods

In this book, a mobile robot path planning and path tracking study was carried out. A *, RTT, RRT + Dijkstra, B-RRT, B-RRT + Dijkstra, PRM, APF, GA, Type-1 Fuzzy Logic, and Type-2 Fuzzy Logic algorithms were implemented, and their performances were compared. The utilized performance measurement parameters used here are path length and execution time of the algorithm. The algorithm with the best performance obtained in the scope of these parameters was used in the second stage, which is the path tracking stage.
Privacy Preservation Based on Separation Sensitive Attributes for Cloud Computing

The Cloud computing paradigm can improve the efficiency of distributed computing by sharing resources and data over the Internet. However, the security levels of nodes (or severs) are not the same, thus, sensitive tasks and personal data may be scheduled (or shared) to some unsafe nodes, which can lead to privacy leakage. Traditional privacy preservation technologies focus on the protection of data release and process of communication, but lack protection against disposing sensitive tasks to untrusted computing nodes. Therefore, this article put forwards a protocol based on task-transformation, by which tasks will be transformed into another form in the task manager before they can be scheduled to other nodes. The article describes a privacy preservation algorithm based on separation sensitive attributes from values (SSAV) to realize the task-transformation function. This algorithm separates sensitive attributes in the tasks from their values, which make the malicious nodes cannot comprehend the real meaning of the values even they get the transformed tasks. Analysis and simulation results show that the authors' algorithm is more effective.
Tetherless, precise and extended observation of single-molecule FRET in an Anti-Brownian trap

A comprehensive understanding of biomolecules calls for the ability to observe single-molecule dynamics at the nanometer scale without constraints. Single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) is a powerful tool for probing nanoscale dynamics, but existing modalities have limitations. Solution based confocal measurements are restricted by the short (~1ms) diffusion limited observation time. Surface immobilized measurements can extend the observation window, but at the expense of the molecule’s translational and rotational degrees of freedom. Moreover, there is always a concern that immobilization may perturb the biomolecule’s function. We overcome these limitations by combining smFRET optics with the capability to isolate individual molecules in solution using an Anti-Brownian ELectrokinetic (ABEL) trap. Our new platform, ABEL-FRET, enables photon-by-photon recording of smFRET trajectories over tens of seconds in solution, without tethering the molecule to a surface. We first demonstrate ABELFRET using short (~10bp) DNA rulers and achieve near shot-noise limited precision of ΔE~0.01 for 5,000 photons, which enables resolution of single base pair differences in a mixture of FRET-labeled dsDNA molecules. We also demonstrate the capability to make simultaneous measurements of donor fluorescence lifetime and smFRET.
Dynamic Edge Offloading for Real-time Video Processing Pipelines

In this demo, we show a system where real-time processing modules for immersive conferencing streams can be dynamically relocated between user device and edge computing nodes, with minimal visual impact on the resulting stream.
Image-Based 3D Reconstruction on Distributed Hash Network

In order to optimize the workflow of iterative 3D reconstruction and support the goal of massive image data processing, high performance and high scalability, this article proposes an image distributed computing framework FIODH. It is a distributed computing framework based on distributed hash algorithm, which accomplishes the task of storing, calculating and merging the image data in multiple nodes. A SIFT algorithm is used to extract feature points from the original images which are distributed on the hash nodes. During the process of image clustering computation, the agent nodes are responsible for task management and intermediate result calculation. The clustering results in hierarchical trees which can be converted into computational tasks and assigned to the appropriate nodes. The experimental analysis shows that the algorithm has achieved satisfactory results in efficiency and error adjustment. In a large amount of experiment data, the advantage of the algorithm is more obvious.
Mobile Phones and Expanding Human Capabilities in Plural Health Systems

This chapter explores the integration of mobiles into the local health culture in Sierra Leone to advance healthcare delivery to marginalised communities. It draws on Amartya Sen's capability approach to conceptualise the mobile phone as a potential technology to expand healthcare capabilities in an environment of scarce healthcare resources. It builds on ethnographic data collected through mixed-methods from rural and urban communities to analyse the different actors, dynamics and practices of healthcare behaviours in a plural healthcare system. The analysis shows increasing trends towards mobile phone usage to ease healthcare communication and information poverty. Mobile phones enable marginalised publics to collapse distance and reduce time and health infrastructural constraints to seek healthcare within their abilities. It, however, concludes that to fully harness and maintain sustainable mobile phone-enabled healthcare in Sierra Leone requires the need for an appropriate institutional configuration to foster an integrated healthcare information system management and service delivery.
VNS Metaheuristics to Solve a Financial Portfolio Design Problem

This chapter introduces a VNS-based local search for solving efficiently a financial portfolio design problem described in Chapter 1 and modeled in Chapter 3. The mathematical model tackled is a 0-1 quadratic model. It is well known that exact solving approaches on large instances of this kind of model are costly. The authors have proposed local search approaches to solve the problem, and the efficiency of this type of method has been proved. This chapter shows that the matricial 0-1 model of the problem enables specialized VNS algorithms by taking into account the particular structure of the financial problem considered. First experiments show that VNS with simulated annealing is effective on non-trivial instances of the problem.
More SQL

This chapter introduces and explains additional SQL commands that complement those seen in Chapter 3 in order to provide the reader with a thorough coverage of basic SQL. Included here are outer joins, complex subqueries, windows and window aggregation, set operations, and the CHECK clause.
Augmented Reality in Informal Learning Environments

Augmented reality (AR) allows computer-generated imagery information overlays onto a live real-world environment in real time. Technological advances in mobile computing devices (MCD) such as smartphones and tablets (internet access, built-in cameras and GPS) made a greater number of AR applications available. This chapter presents the Augmented Reality Musical Gallery (ARMG) exhibition, enhanced by AR. ARMG, focused on twentieth century music history, and aimed at the students from the 2nd Cycle of basic education in Portuguese public schools. In this chapter, the authors introduce AR technology and address topics like constructivism, art education, student motivation, and informal learning environments. They conclude by presenting the first two parts of the ongoing research conducted among a sample group of students contemplating the experiment in an educational context.
Mapless navigation based on continuous deep reinforcement learning

This paper proposes a map-free navigation scheme based on continuous deep reinforcement learning to solve the problem that robots cannot flexibly avoid obstacles and navigate in a dynamic environment. The reinforcement learning algorithm used in this article is near-end strategy optimization (proximal strategy optimization, PPO), and the benchmark algorithm is the discrete deep reinforcement learning algorithm Deep Q network algorithm (Deep Q network, DQN).Experiments in the Gazebo simulation environment prove that the training efficiency and success rate of the PPO algorithm are much higher than that of the DQN algorithm. In this paper, the trained strategy model in the simulation environment is directly transplanted to the actual robot. The experimental results verify that the physical robot can have good navigation and obstacle avoidance capabilities without training again. The tested single-target navigation success rate is 80%, and the multi-target navigation success rate is 70%.
Simulation and Image in the Digitalized World

The world of image is transforming dramatically with the development of simulation technology. Simulation was considered a synonym for imitation of objects or phenomena for long, and this idea continued into the modern industrial period, where imitation could be quickly and accurately replicated by machine power. However, as we enter the digital age, images are moving to a new phase. This paper seeks to (1) trace the genealogy of simulation from analog to digital stage. (2) detect its unique capabilities, (3) overview the general traits and sociocultural effects of digital imitation, (4) investigate the effect of digital simulation upon the deep mental sphere of an individual and (5) discuss the displacement of image in the digital era. The imitation of the digital age is not just reproducing imitation, but transforming our lives into a state of excitement and vitality by exerting the effect of "absent presentation" that gives rise to a virtual world looking more realistic than our real world. Owing to the change, there are signs that the reality principle, the leading behavioral principle of the modern industrial society, will be replaced by the fantasy principle in the desire system deeply located in our spiritual world. As a result, it is likely that the image will lead (1) to an invisible form losing visibility, (2) to an amorphous state not holding a uniform framework, (3) to an illusion that does not guarantee substance, and (4) to the state of nought where nothing can be identifiable whatsoever. such displacement of Image in the digital era, that eradicates the inherent attributes of the image of visuality, figuration, reality, and presence, may be a sign of image suicide, saying, "This is no longer an image." This catastrophic situation can be recovered only by an audacious effort to recreate images with the power of "disruptive imagination," the combination of the contradictory but complemental powers to deform and reform conventional images.
Construction of Traffic Engineering Safety Model and Construction Management System Based on Digital Image Processing Technology

Highway shows a trend of rapid development, and traffic safety problems are constantly emerging, which seriously threatens the development of transportation. In order to ensure the safety of drivers and provide drivers with comfortable driving environment, it is very important to strengthen the design of road safety facilities. Digital image processing technology (DIPT) is becoming more and more perfect, and its application in transportation system is becoming more and more extensive. DIPT is the process of processing images with computers, collecting, identifying and extracting image information, then converting it into digital signals, and then processing them with computers and related electronic devices. In view of this, this paper discusses the construction method of traffic engineering safety model and construction management system based on DIPT, in order to provide reference for related work. To carry out this work, the most important thing is to understand the key points of the design work and ensure the scientific design, so as to effectively improve the traffic capacity of expressways.
Resolution of Multi-Party Security Clashes in Social Networking

Topics shared through Social Media may also additionally furthermore impact a couple of customer's protection — e.G., images that depict numerous customers, feedback that kingdom numerous clients, sports activities in which numerous clients are invited, and masses of others. The nonappearance of multi-amassing insurance commercial enterprise agency assist in present day-day massive Social Media establishments makes customers not organized to correctly control to whom those items are clearly shared or now not. Computational gadgets that could merge the assurance tendencies of diverse clients proper into a lone tool for and problem can deal with this trouble. The ones strategies want to recall how customers would possibly sincerely go to a comprehension spherical a reaction for the dispute with a selected remaining objective to recommend exercising plans that can be palatable via maximum of the clients stricken by the factor to be shared. Modern-day strategies are both unreasonably bringing up or really preserve in thoughts adjusted strategies for conglomerating safety inclinations. Here we endorse the precept computational device to decide conflicts for multi-celebration safety organisation in Social Media that could follow large situations via displaying the concessions that clients make to perform a response for the disputes. We moreover gift involves fruition of a patron take a look at in which our proposed framework defeated unique present techniques to the quantity how generally each technique facilitated customers direct
A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words

According to a Chinese proverb, “a picture is worth a thousand words”. This is also very true, when describing and comparing multiple criteria decision alternatives, in particular, when there are many criteria and many alternatives. It is much easier for the decision-maker to have a holistic view of the situation, if instead of (or in addition to) numeric information, suitable visualization techniques are used.
Impact of Occupational Stress and Demographic Variables at Software Development Professional's Performance a Field at Jordanian Software Companies

The study aims to investigate the differences in the perception of stress based on demographic factors, and the impact of occupational stressat software development professional's performance. The study sample consisted of 116 respondents working in (20)Jordanian software Company which located in Amman, Irbid and Zarqa.The result showsa statistically significant effect at the level of (P ≤ 0.05) for occupational stress among software development professional's performance in the Jordanian software Companies.
Adaptive T–S Fuzzy Control Using Output Feedback: MIMO Case

In Chap. 7 , we developed adaptive output feedback fuzzy control schemes of single-input single-output (SISO) Single input single-output (SISO)@Single-input single-output (SISO) discrete-time nonlinear systems with multiple input–output delays based on their T–S fuzzy approximation models. The goal of this chapter is to extend the results in Chap. 7 to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) nonlinear systems. We will develop a solution framework for adaptive fuzzy control of MIMO discrete-time nonlinear systems, by modeling them using discrete-time T–S fuzzy systems, parameterizing T–S fuzzy systems with uncertain parameters, designing and analyzing an adaptive control scheme for such systems, and establishing and evaluating desired adaptive control system properties.
Underwater Non-uniform Illumination Image Correction Method Based on Dark Channel and Frequency Distribution Prior

Light -will gradually attenuate in the process of water medium propagation, which will lead to the problems of uneven illumination and low contrast of underwater images during underwater detection. In order to solve these problems, a new underwater non-uniform illumination image correction method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on the single image reflection interference separation algorithm, a new optimization algorithm is proposed to separate the reflection layer (the light reflected by the underwater object and the background) and the illumination layer (the light scattered in the water medium) in the underwater non-uniform illumination image. According to the frequency distribution of the illumination layer in the image, a low-frequency filter is introduced into the model as the constrained prior term of the illumination layer to better extract the illumination layer and accelerate its separation. At the same time, the dark channel prior is introduced to ensure that the reflector is separated more thoroughly; Secondly, due to the low contrast of the separated reflector, the adaptive gamma transform algorithm is used to enhance the reflector. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective in removing non-uniform illumination and restoring image brightness and detail information.
A Cyber Crime Investigation Model Based on Case Characteristics

In the early stages of the digital investigation of cyber crime, digital evidence is inadequate, decentralized and fragmented. Cyber crime investigation model based on case characteristics is presented in this paper, to help determine investigation orientation and reduce investigation area. Firstly, purifying and filtering the digital evidence collected, classification and acquirement of event sets are accomplished. Secondly, a method of imperfect induction is applied to analyze the event sets and construct one or more premises, and combining with the case characteristics extracted from the legal requirements, inference and its reliability are given. Finally, through a case analysis of network pyramid sales, the initial practice shows the model is feasible and has a consulting value with cyber crime investigation.
Cognitively Inspired Video Text Processing

It is noted that for solving complex problems now there is a new trend to explore cognitive science-based approaches irrespective of the fields and domain.