Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Influence of Supportive and Directive Leadership Styles on Employee Job Satisfaction in Commercial Banks in Kenya

Abstract&#x0D; Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of supportive and directive leadership style on employee job satisfaction in commercial banks in Kenya.&#x0D; Methodology: The study adopted positivism research philosophy to guide the study and limited itself to descriptive correlational research design to analyze and provide responses to the research questions. The research design was preferred because it allows description and comparison of characteristics of populations based on data collected from samples through questionnaires. The target population of the study was 15,030 employees in all the 43 commercial banks licensed to operate in Kenya as of June 2018. Using stratified sampling technique, the study drew a sample size of 386 employees reporting to middle level managers. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, which included factor analysis, correlational analysis, chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and regression analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and Windows’ Microsoft excel programs.&#x0D; Results: From the findings of multiple linear regression analysis, it was established that directive leadership style had a positive and significant relationship with employee job satisfaction, R2 = .228, F(1, 362) = 53.396, p &lt; .05; β = .454, p &lt; .05. The results from multiple linear regression analysis also showed that supportive leadership style positively and significantly predicted employee job satisfaction, R2 = .603, F(1, 366) = 278.269, p &lt; .05; β = .716, p &lt; .05. In addition, the study tested the moderating influence of environmental contingency factors and was confirmed that environmental contingency factors significantly moderated the relationship between path-goal leadership style and employee job satisfaction, R2=0.090, F(5,364) = 35.04, p &lt; .05; β= 0.229, p&lt;.05.&#x0D; Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study makes a contribution to the literature of the influence of directive and supportive leadership styles from Kenyan commercial banks’ perspective and adds an impetus to employees, management and policymakers to address issues that are impeding employee job satisfaction. The future researchers should include all bank employees in their study to determine the influence of directive leadership style and supportive leadership style on employee job satisfaction.
Similarities and differences in changing NPS market brought by new regulatory approaches in selected Eastern and Central European states with mostly focus on Poland and Latvia

The main objective of the paper is to explain, compare and conclude the effect on the new psychoactive substances (NPS) market brought by new and innovative responses to regulate the NPS (mostly between 2010 and 2014) in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania. Countries where NPS problem reached the peak, the traditional response or simply substance scheduling did not work. Since the NPS do not fall under market regulations, also the response to the problem was innovative stepping out of the existing system (for example, temporary prohibition in Poland, Latvia). Moreover, a political and social pressure has been a factor to speed up the development of new regulations, sometime affecting the quality. Seemingly harsh sanctions and immediate reaction are main elements to close the NPS street shops. Meanwhile this approach hasn’t caused a step back for chemical industry or science. Still is open question if national regulations against NPS market are fully enough. NPS market reacts very quickly for changing and only very strong and fast reaction from the institutional level seems to be effectiveness. Although NPS market differs in each country, study shows that harsh sanctions such as criminal liability and immediate reaction significantly decrease the availability of NPS, and thus contribute in decreasing acute health problems and prevalence. It was observed that at the time when stricter measure came into force, hospital emergencies were increased (Poland, Romania and in same extent Latvia).
Character Arrays and Dynamic Memory

Character arrays – a.k.a. "character strings," or text – are important for many tasks. This chapter shows how to handle them, and how to create those or other arrays when you don't know the size in advance.
Requirement Patterns: An Approach for Streamlining Requirements Engineering in Software Product Families

Reusable structure is essential in all reuse-based software development processes.This provides a solid foundation for seamless management of reusable artefacts especially in software product line engineering (SPLE).One of the potential benefits provided by a well-defined structure is systematic reuse of these artefacts.Requirements pattern approach provides guidelines for requirement engineers to reuse and specify requirements.Although a plethora of research on requirements pattern have been reported in the literature, no research available focuses on requirement engineering (RE) activities of SPLE.In this paper, we present an anatomy of software requirement pattern (SRP) for SPLE with a structured example from e-learning domain.To enable practitioners, understand the concept of requirement pattern more, we present a meta-model for the SRP concepts and their relationships.In addition, we describe how the requirement pattern approach, streamlines RE activities, design for and with reuse in both domain and application engineering processes of SPLE.The requirement pattern approach thus helps in achieving systematic requirements reuse (RR) and generation of structured software requirement specification (SRS) for individual applications.
Policies on language education in Indonesia

This article discusses policies on language education in Indonesia by covering six major sections. The linguistic make-up and history of languages currently spoken in the country are first introduced as the background to the discussion. Then, building on the background factual information on the language education policies once adopted in Indonesia, a review and critical discussion regarding the design, implementation, and evaluation of the language education policies in the country are put forward. This is then followed by an elaboration of how currently adopted language education policies position different languages and what status and roles each language is accorded, and how these statuses and roles compare with English. Afterward, a prediction for the future status and role of the relevant languages under discussion is brought to light. Finally, a conclusion is made, accompanied by suggestions for further reading which will enable enrichment of knowledge-base on relevant aspects of policies on language education in Indonesia.
Innovative Forms Of Art Teachers’ Activities

The article analyzes the innovative forms of teachers’ activity in music and art education. The projects “Children on the Opera Stage”, “Mobile Exhibition of Childrens Drawing”, and “Composers Workshop” are considered as innovative forms of the pedagogical activity of art teachers, and their relevance is determined. Effective forms of teacher activity stimulate students interest in art, manifesting in the increased creative activity of students: the creation of the author’s product, readiness and ability to broadcast their experience in public events. The article describes the original pedagogical technologies that are implemented in line with the modern paradigm of education and orienting the learning process to the fundamentality, continuity, integration, dialogue, subjectivity, developmental orientation. The study took into account the specificity of each project and art form. Based on the analysis of projects, the criteria for their effectiveness are singled out: novelty of artistic and pedagogical ideas and ways of its implementation, childrens interest in art and cultural activities, interactivity of joint productive activities of students and art teachers, developing the traditions of educational institutions and cultural institutions in the region. Rapprochement of creators’ and recipients’ creativity of art works, closer dialogue between them are considered in the article as the main way of updating the forms of activity of teachers of art. As a result, it is concluded that the innovative forms of art teachers activity presented in the article and the criteria for their assessment can be used as a diagnostic tool for use in a wide pedagogical practice.
The Possibility of a Nonpoetic Conversion of Technology

Identifying the layer of metaphorical utterances that are always present in media research and distinguishing it from the conscious construction of fabulation and fiction in philosophy, the author turns to the theory of language metaphors to describe a “technique of metaphor.” Locating it through a series of operations allows, first, to discuss metaphor as tension. A comparison of this tension with the intensified lines of drawings involving the appearance and disintegration of forms permits, second, to examine the existence of “couplings” (as in Lev Manovich) rather than of plasticity (as in Catherine Malabou) in the process of interaction with technological devices. At the same time, noncommunicative limits that are also denoted by metaphor can serve as further processes of interaction that reveal their greater operability compared to processes of mediation.
Socio-Affective Strategies Used By The Students To Improve Their English Speaking Skill : a Case Study In Second Semester At Muhammadiyah University Of Surakarta

The aims to find out: (1) the use of a social-affective strategy by speaking students in the second semester at UMS. (2) The tendency of students to use indicators from social-affective strategies. The subjects of this study were second semester speaking class students at UMS, and the object of this study was focused on knowing students' interests using social-affective strategies. This type of research is qualitative. The method used is through observation, questionnaires, and interviews. Data analysis using data reduction, data display, and conclusions or verification. The results of this study are that almost all students use social-affective strategies, including: (1) lowering your anxiety, (2) encouraging yourself, (3) taking your emotional temperature, (4) asking question, (5) cooperating with others , (6) empathizing with others.
Sequence and Spatial Feature Fusion for Kidney and Tumor Segmentation From CT Volumes

Morphological heterogeneity makes the precise segmentation of both the tumor and the kidney becomes a problem for diagnosis and quantitative analysis of the next treatment.In this work, we propose an encoder-decoder architecture which consist of recent neural network for downsampling and 3D convolutional neural network for upsampling.Recent neural network can integrate contextual information between slices and 3D convolutional neural network can make use of spatial information of one case.
A Deep One-Pass Learning based on Pre-Training Weights for Smartphone-Based Recognition of Human Activities and Postural Transitions

We describe a new deep learning model – Deep One-Pass Learning (DOPL) for Smartphone-Based Recognition of Human Activities and Postural Transitions based on the Pre-Trained Weights, DOPL consists of several stacked convolutional layers to learn the features of the input and is able to learn features automatically, followed by the Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) as the last layer for predicting the class labels. DOPL is much faster in the training phase, because the input weights are optimal weights from the Pre-Trained weights module and it does not have to re-adjust weights repeatedly. Further, we replaced the final fully connected layer with XGBoost to increase predictive efficiency. In the worst case, our model with demonstrated an accuracy of 99.2% for the smartphone sensors database data, which was significantly better than CNN or XGBoost alone as well as several other models assessed.
Genetic Algorithms : Comparing Evolution With and Without a Simulated Annealing-inspired Selection

The Genetic Algorithm (GA) is an interesting problem solving algorithm which takes inspiration from evolution in order to self-improve and reach good solutions to problems by reproduction and mutat ...
Subcortical Brain Segmentation Based on a Novel Discriminative Dictionary Learning Method and Sparse Coding

Recently, many multi-atlas patch-based segmentation methods have been proposed and successfully implemented in various medical image applications. However, a precise segmentation of brain subcortical structures in a magnetic resonance image is still difficult since (1) brain MRI typically suffers low tissue contrast; and (2) image patterns around the boundary of a structure are similar such that similarity-based and reconstruction-based label fusion methods achieve inaccurate results. To overcome the above issues, we propose a novel discriminative dictionary learning method, which can simultaneously learn class-specific dictionaries and a shared dictionary from a set of brain atlases. In particular, we enforce a low-rank constraint on each class-specific dictionary, i.e. claim that its spanning subspace should have low-rank property. For the shared dictionary, a regularization term is used to minimize the between-class scatter of corresponding shared coefficients so that they can learn shared image patterns. The optimization algorithms are developed to solve the problems in the learning step. Under the multi-atlas patch-based segmentation framework, the whole learned dictionary then can be used for labeling the target image. The proposed low-rank discriminative dictionary and shared dictionary learning method has been evaluated on IBSR, LPBA40, and SATA MICCAI 2013 dataset for subcortical segmentation. The influence of different parameters was studied and the performance of the proposed method was also compared with the non-local patch-based segmentation, the sparse representation classifier based segmentation, the discriminative dictionary learning segmentation, and several deep learning methods. Experimental results establish the advantages of our method over these state-of-the-art methods.
ARGUMENTATIVE POWER: A Critical Discourse Analysis to Selected Texts for Academic Purpose

A text deserves comprehensive analyses on its textual structure as well as socio-cultural context to meet readersâ€™ comprehension. This paper aims at (1) finding out linguistic styles of the texts and (2) identifying power struggle behind an argumentative text entitled Computer for Children: Advantages or Drawbacks? used to the third students of Informatics Engineering Department at a private university in South Tangerang, Indonesia as a material in learning argumentative text. This is a critical discourse analysis by using Faircloughâ€™s model which consists of description, interpretation, and explanation. In analyzing the text, systemic functional linguistics is used to find out the textsâ€™ power as well as to determine whether the texts are adoptable for the students to learn argumentative texts. The analysis concludes that (1) formal, complex, verbal, repetitive, multi-perspective, evident-based, metaphorical, and over-wording dictions underpinned in an institutionalized social activity and unspecialized semantic domain dominate the texts which conclude that (2) its power to the readers is all equal that the author provoked rather than provided, evident-based and analytical arguments of the issue.
화장품 유형별 유해 중금속 함량 비교 연구

Objectives: The hazardous heavy metal contents of cosmetics were investigated and the resulting values werecompared by type of cosmetics: skin care...
HC Libraries: Current Issues & Hot Topics: Cite your Sources

A guide on current events and controversial issues in the news. Find credible resources through your library.
Komparasi Hasil Belajar Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) dan Jigsaw pada Siswa Kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Bekonang Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019

This research aims: (1) to know differences of study case reviewed from Teams Games Tournamens (TGT) method in IVA grade and Jigsaw method in IVB grade in SD Muhamadiyah Bekonang. (2) To know which are better between Teams Games Tournamens (TGT) method in IVA grade and jigsaw method in IVB grade in SD Muhamadiyah Bekonang. This research is a experimental research. The target of this research are all students from IV grade in SD Muhamadiyah Bekonang. There are 31 students in IVA grade as 1st subject experiment which is used the Teams Tournaments Games (TGT) learning techcnique and 32 students in IVB grade which is used the Jigsaw learning technique. The data collection technique which is used in this research is primary data collection including test and observation technique. The analysis technique which is used in this research is test technique which is preceded by precondition test analysis including normality test and balance test.The results of this research indicates that with level of significance by 5%; the result obtained by this technique is the average mark from IPA IVB grade 0,520>0,361 is greater than IPA0,680 < 1,840.The results of this research show that The Teams Tournaments Games (TGT) learning strategy is better than the Jigsaw learning Strategy. This results shown in the average mark of IVA grade as 1st subject experiment by using the Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) is 82,66. Whereas, the average mark of IVB grade is 78,77.
Artificiell intelligens och rättssubjektsbegreppet inom upphovsrätten

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) for achieving increasingly complex goals gives rise to several legal key questions. One of the questions that has seen a surge of importance due to recent developments of creative AI is the matter of copyright for works created by AI.Swedish law contains no specific regulations on AI and the law on copyright for works created by AI is currently unclear. The seemingly prevalent interpretation of Swedish law is that the user gets copyright if they used the AI only as a tool in their own creative process. For works created independently or almost independently by an AI, it seems that nobody is currently given copyright under Swedish law.British law poses some alternatives as to how the problem may be solved. It is argued that British law may give copyright to either the programmer, the user, the AI itself, a combination of these or to nobody at all. All these alternatives give rise to difficult problems, but some may prove to be feasible solutions compared to current Swedish law, since Swedish law is currently unsuccessful in implementing the goals set out by the Swedish government with regards to Sweden’s AI culture.Current copyright law is based on obsolete premises and values, that ought to be rethought. This is true both in Sweden, the UK and the US. Philosophical questions about the nature of originality, creativity, art and consciousness, pose important considerations in the discussion of copyright law connected to AI. The legal construct of personhood ought to be reexamined. What sort of future copyright law and AI law we want is an open question and the choices and considerations we make today may have great importance in determining how the future will turn out. If the Swedish government does not address these issues, Swedish copyright law cannot be deemed effective in attaining the goals set out by the Swedish government.
Information Retrieval Framework for Digital Resource Objects

Basically, digital resource objects (DRO) suffer from two fundamental issues, namely lack of quality of metadata content and difficulty in accessing metadata content.These lead to decrease in the performance of the DRO retrieval.With a view to increase the performance of the DRO retrieval, many components of information retrieval have been enhanced such as document expansion (DE), retrieval model such as Dirichlet smoothing (DS) model, and query expansion (QE).Most of these studies have shown that employing IR components (DE, QE or DS) independently to enhance the DROs retrieval has helped to increase the performance of the retrieval.It is assumed that IR components can enhance the performance of the DRO retrieval.Based on this assumption, an information retrieval framework (IRF) for DROs is presented in this paper.The proposed IRF is to address the retrieval problems in DROs and provide an environment for retrieving information from DROs with the highest possible performance.The principle task of IRF is to make all components of IR (DE, DS, and QE) work together to achieve the greatest benefit in improving the retrieval performance.Several experiments were conducted on CHiC2013 which is a collection on cultural heritage.The results show a considerable enhancement over other IR approaches that use the DE method, DS model and QE method independently.
Multiple Back Propagation Network and Metric Fusion for Person Re-identification

Person re-identification (Re-ID) is a research focus in pattern recognition, which is to identify a person from another camera view. Many researches have studied feature representations and metric distances of person images, which are robust to changes of view angle and illumination. In this paper, we propose a Multiple Back Propagation (MBP) network and Metric Fusion (MF) for person Re-ID. The proposed MBP network is based on DenseNet or ResNet. Each Dense-conv layer or Conv-ID block is linked by a MBP layer. Each MBP layer is divided into two sub-streams. One sub-stream is connected to softmax loss and the other sub-stream is transferred to a convolution layer followed by triplet loss. A Metric Fusion (MF) method with an optimized weighting scheme is proposed for deep feature fusion. Furthermore, we propose a new metric Re-ranking Euclidean distance joining metric fusion. Experiments on three large-scale person Re-ID benchmark datasets, including Market1501, CUHK03 and DukeMTMC-reID, show that the proposed MBPMF method can achieve state-of-the-art performances.
Utilization of Science Education for Promoting National Security in Nigeria: A Study of Ebonyi State.

National Security has been a serious issue in Nigeria. The nation is faced with a host of complex security challenges, ranging from violent extremism and insurgency to piracy, kidnapping for ransom, herdsmen menace, attacks on oil infrastructure, drug trafficking, organized crime, etc. Several efforts have been made by national security agencies to provide effective and enduring security mechanisms, yet, the problem of national insecurity has remained unabated. This study examined the utilization of Science Education for promoting National security in Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted case study research design. The population comprised 322 students of the School of Sciences of Ebonyi State College of Education Ikwo. The entire population was used for the study. The instrument used for quantitative data collection was a researcher-made structured questionnaire which was validated by three experts in Science Education. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha reliability estimate with overall index of 0.77. The research questions were answered using mean with standard deviation while the hypotheses were tested using t-test. The study found that Science Education can effectively be utilized (X = 3.78) in promoting National security in Nigeria. The study also identified some factors such as inadequate funding, lack of well-equipped science laboratories, among others (X = 3.89) that hinder effective utilization of Science Education for promoting National security in Nigeria. The researcher recommended among other things that Science Education should be given priority in the National education policy so as to enhance National security in Nigeria.