Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A Case Study on the Development of Orientation Program based on Stages of Concern about Artificial Intelligence Convergence Education for Graduate students

Objectives The purpose of this study were to develop orientation program of K university based on analysis of stages of concern about artificial intelligence convergence education, and to analyze educational effect and satisfaction of the program. Also, we tried to propose basic data and implications for the development of orientation programs for AI convergence education majors. Methods According to the procedure of the ADDIE model, analysis of stages of concern about artificial convergence education, considering supports according to the analysis, orientation program design, developing educational materials, implementation of orientation program, and educational effectiveness evaluation by stages of concern and satisfaction were conducted for freshmen in department of artificial intelligence convergence education. Results As a result of applying the orientation program developed in this study, the stages of concern about artificial intelligence convergence education increased significantly. And it also showed a high level of satisfaction. Conclusions Studies on the department of artificial intelligence convergence education are focused on curriculum and subjects. In order to satisfy various interests and needs, additional researches on extra-curricular programs need to be conducted.
A Study on the Teaching Method of Primary English Using Process Drama Based on Primary English Textbook

Objectives The purpose of this study is to introduce an educational method for primary school students to develop context-oriented real English communication skills through process drama based on primary English textbook. Methods A fairy tale(Peter pan) for process drama activities was extracted by analyzing English textbook for primary school 3rd grade of publishing D. In addition, a model for process drama education was developed by referring to the models of Kao &amp; O’Neill(1998) and Ellis(1988). Results Based on the process drama model developed in this study, two lesson plans were constructed using the fairy tale ‘Peter pan’ from the 3rd grade English textbook of publishing D. Additionally, various process drama activities(Pre-text, Mime, Improvisation, Teacher in role, Writing in role, Still image &amp; Thought tracking, Hot seating) were introduced based on the context through the fairy tale(Peter pan) by composing three stages of Preparation Phase, Drama Scenes, and Reflective Phase for each lesson. Conclusions To develop primary school students' real English communication skills, it is necessary to move away from mechanical and formal memorization practice, and to provide context-based and real communication-oriented education through process drama education. In order for process drama education to be successful, teachers must break free from authoritarian attitudes and open education that can negotiate meaning with students must be supported.
Exploring the Characteristics and Implications of the New Curriculum Framework for junior cycle in Ireland

Objectives The purposes of this study were to analyze the Irish new Junior Cycle Curriculum and draw the issues and implications. Methods For the study, collected documents related to Irish Junior Cycle curriculum development and operation published by the Irish Ministry of Education and the National Curriculum Evaluation Institute. This study derived implications by analyzing the characteristics of the educational system, curriculum goals, schedule, composition method, principles of curriculum guidelines and curriculum contents. Results The new junior cycle curriculum had set out 8 principles, 8 key skills and twenty-four statements of learning for the junior cycle. It comprises subjects, short courses and priority learning units(PLUs). Schools have the flexibility to decide what combination of subjects and short courses could be. The Junior Certificate examination is being replaced by a new school-based model of assessment. Conclusions Recommendations are as follows: First, continuity, sequence and interrelationship in developing and implementing the curriculum especially among subjects is very crucial. Second, the relevance of key skills in every subject should be examined. Third, new subject area ‘short courses’ has special meaning for future. As in Ireland junior cycle framework, greater choice for schools and their students could be with the third area, ‘short courses’.
A Study on the Applicability of Schwab's ‘the practical’ Approach to Reinforce the Sequence of the University Liberal Arts Curriculum

Objectives In this study, we explored ways to improve sequence of competency-based liberal arts curriculum organization based on the Schwab's ‘the practical’ approach model. Methods In this study, first, an analysis of previous studies was conducted on the cases at other universities. Second, the theories of Tyler, Taba, Wiggins &amp; McTighe were analyzed. Third, the implications were elaborated by directly applying the analyzed perspectives to actual university cases. Results The main research results are as follows. First, to extract educational goals and educational areas from core competencies, second, to set the level difference by grade based on A(acquisition), O(organization), and T(transfer), third, setting educational goals for each grade by considering the A(acquisition), O(organization), and T(transfer) levels in the educational goals, fourth, allocating related sub-competences among the sub-competencies of the core competencies based on the educational goals for each grade level, fifth, extracting big ideas from the educational goals for each grade level and the allocated sub-competence for each grade level, sixth, allocating subjects that match educational goals for each grade level, sub-competence for each grade and the big ideas for each grade, seventh, setting the big ideas for each subject to educate the big ideas for each grade, eighth, setting specific evaluation methods to evaluate the big ideas for each subject, ninth, extract the common procedure for developing subjects and commonly apply them to each subject, tenth, extract the essential elements (big idea and big idea evaluation method) constituting the subject and apply it in common to each subject. Conclusions By directly applying the theory of curriculum development to actual university cases, certain measures were drawn to improve the sequencing of the liberal arts curriculum. A follow-up study through practical art is needed to obtain a more sophisticated method.
Early childhood teachers' experience of using video media in remote classes in the COVID-19 situation

Objectives This study is to explore the experiences of two early childhood teachers on the use of video media in remote classes in the COVID-19 situation. Methods For this study, two teachers of J kindergarten were targeted. Data were collected through in-depth interviews from December 28, 2020 to June 1, 2021. Data analysis was conducted as an inductive analysis method in which meaningful parts were divided in order to derive meanings from the original data, the keywords were created, and the research axis was formed by nomadizing them. Results As a result the study, early childhood teachers did 1) Utilizing the contents of ‘play-on’, 2) providing the same learning experience with video media, 3) providing video to guide simple activities, 4) creating video content that stimulates immersion and curiosity, 5) providing videos that enable discussion and thinking to conduct remote classes. Through the remote classes experience in the COVID-19 situation, early childhood teachers requested the need for pre-teacher education; 1) developing video content production skills, 2) developing remote learning skills through simulated instruction, 3) developing early childhood-led distance learning research capabilities, and 4) developing flexible coping skills to solve problems. Conclusions This study suggests the direction of pre-service teacher education to prepare for crisis situations by exploring early childhood education in crisis situations.
Analysis of textbook illustrations for the 2015 revised curriculum ‘Robot Utilization Education’

Objectives Among the six practical textbooks developed according to the 2015 revised curriculum, the illustration presented in the ‘Robot Utilization Education’ section was analyzed in terms of frequency, type, function, and use for the next curriculum research and textbook development, school We intend to provide guidelines that can be used as a reference for the adoption of textbooks in the field. Methods One researcher analyzed according to the criteria to analyze the frequency, type, function, and use of the illustrations in the ‘Robot Utilization Education’ section, and three primary education master’s degree holders reviewed the results of the analysis. If there was any discrepancy in the results, it was decided after consultation. For each analysis criterion, the frequency and percentage of episodes were compared and analyzed. Results The frequency of illustrations used per page was at least 1.57 and maximum of 2.22 in the ‘Robot Utilization Education’ section of the six practical textbooks, and the types of illustrations were photos (45.15), figures (15.08), tables (14.8), Screen capture (12.82), cartoon (7.8), and diagram (4.37) appeared in the order, and the function of illustration was a performative function (48.15), an explanatory function (42.53), a decorative function (5.87), and an exemplary function (3.43), and the use of illustrations was in the order of data provision (35.47), activity guide (29.47), result presentation (23.07), and motivation (12.02). Conclusions The reason why illustrations are used on all pages can be judged because they are effective for motivating learners, providing data, guiding activities, and presenting results, and are useful in conveying the content to be learned and the process to be performed. It can be judged because it is the most effective and easy tool to insert. Also, it can be judged that the frequency of using illustrations for figures, tables, and screen captures is high in terms of effective delivery to learners and efficiency of insertion and editing. In addition, the performance function to explain the process of activities such as problem solving (assembly, block coding, etc.) It is judged that the use of data and activity guidance was used at a high rate to explain concepts and facts such as the operating principle and use cases of the robot, and to explain the process of problem solving such as assembly and control of the robot.
A Study on Persona Development Based on the Factors of Low Lecture Evaluation

Objectives This study attempted to explore the reasons for university professors with low lecture evaluation results and develop personas based on this. Methods In this study, the following research questions were proposed to suggest methods to improve teaching for professors who received low lecture evaluation scores. First, for what reason do university professors' lecture evaluation scores come out low? Second, what are the common characteristics of subjects that have received low lecture evaluation, and what about the persona developed based on this? In order to extract the characteristics of low-score lecture evaluation, this study conducted interviews with enrolled students, university professors with experience in receiving low lecture evaluation results, and university teaching-learning experts. Based on the results of the interview, persona was developed. Persona development was conducted in three stages, and after persona was developed, a Delphi survey was conducted on 20 experts in education to verify its validity. Results In this study, there are three types of personas of university professors developed based on the characteristics of subjects with low lecture evaluation results. The first-ranked persona is a professor who lacks competence in class design and class management, the second-ranked persona is a professor who does not understand learners. The third-ranked persona is a professor who lacks the willingness to implement classes and motivation for teaching development, and has a huge gap in perception of classes from students. Conclusions The three personas developed based on the results of lecture evaluation show that the low lecture evaluation results can be revealed not only by professors' characteristics, but also by the level of understanding of students, communication knowledge and skills, and willingness to teaching development. In addition, a customized support program was suggested for teaching improvement based on the persona developed in this study.
A Study on Factors in School Activities Affecting the Ratio of Low Performing Students in Middle Schools

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of school education activities that affect the percentage of low performing students in middle schools and suggested significant implications for improving school education activities. Methods Multiple regression model was used to find out what school factors affect the proportion of middle school students who low performing in each subject of Korean, English, and mathematics. Accordingly, the ratio of low performing students in Korean, English, and mathematics subjects was used as a dependent variable. Factors related to school characteristics were included as control variables. An analysis was conducted by setting the variables of school education activities as independent variables. Results As a result of the study, the factors of school characteristics that have a significant effect on the ratio of low performing students in Korean, English, and math subjects were found to be the type of establishment, the ratio of students supporting lunch expenses, and the implementation of English education programs. In the case where the type of school establishment is national and public compared to private schools, the higher the proportion of students supporting meal expenses, the higher the ratio of low performing students. It was found that schools that implement English education programs had a lower rate of low performing studensts compared to schools that did not implement them. In addition, the variables ‘the number of books borrowed per student’ and ‘grouping by ability’ were found to reduce the rate of low performing students in English and math subjects. Conclusions The educational policy implications to reduce the the ratio of low performing students in middle school in Korean, English, and mathematics subjects are as follows: It is necessary to prepare measures to promote reading activities and reading education, operate personalized school education activities reflecting student ability, and monitoring of the operation of after-school programs.
A Study on the Errors in the use of transformational endings of Korean Learners in Chinese Language

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the overall transformational ending errors of Korean Learners in Chinese Language and examine the patterns and types of errors. Methods For this purpose, 1,467 examples of grammatical ending errors by Korean Learners in Chinese Language were analyzed from the error annotation corpus constructed by the National Institute of the Korean Language. Among them, there were 1,040 errors in written language and 427 errors in spoken language. After analyzing learners' errors by dividing them into written and spoken words, the types, patterns, and levels of errors for each proficiency level from beginner to advanced were examined. Results Korean Learners in Chinese Language showed a similar tendency to use transformational endings in written and spoken words. In general, the error forms of mainly adjective endings were calculated relatively. In addition, the types of errors shown with high error rate in written language are ‘syntactic error’ and ‘form error’. A high rate of error in spoken language is ‘pronunciation error’. Also, errors in the form of ‘replacement’ were found with high frequency in written and spoken words. Lastly, ‘misformal aspect + form error’ and ‘replacement aspect + syntactic error’ appeared relatively frequently from intermediate to advanced in written or spoken language. Conclusions This study is meaningful in that it looked at the types of errors in the transformational endings that appeared in each stage of the Korean Learners in Chinese Language according to the level and pattern of the error targeting the error annotation learners corpus of the National Institute of the Korean Language. In particular, considering that there are more errors in the transformational endings produced by intermediate and advanced learners, it is necessary to continuously educate Korean Learners in Chinese Language from beginner to advanced in the educational field.
The Development and Effect of Positive Psychology-based Managing Skill Improvement Program for Emotional Labors of Kindergarten Teachers

Objectives In this research, we specify and develop emotional labor coping capabilities enhancement program for infant teacher based on positive psychology, and applied it to infant teacher to verify the effect of decrease of emotional labor, task exhaust and stress. The purpose of this research is to develop and verify the effect of emotional labor coping capabilities enhancement program for infant teachers. Methods It consists of 6 steps: planning, literature reviewing, analysing and program design, program validity verification, program confirming, application and verification of effect. Here are more spe cifics of each steps. Emotional labor coping capabilities enhancement program for infant teacher in this research consists of 16 times of meeting total, twice a week for 8 weeks, and each meeting has warming up→activity→centering→sharing’steps. Results As a result of effect analysis after applying this confirmed program to infant teacher ex peri mental group, post test score of all outer activity, inner activity and task exhaust for emotional labor was always lower than pretest score of those, and it was statistically meaningful. Conclusions is study found that the Positive Psychology-based Early Childhood Teacher's Emotional Labor Coping Skills Enhancement Program is effective in developing the ability to cope with emotional labor and the ability to cope with job burnout and stress, and that there should be constant attention and policy and mana gerial consideration for the emotional labor of early childhood teachers, the improvement of the work environ ment and treatment, and the psychological well-being of early childhood teachers. It is also significant that it provided standardized basic data on early childhood teacher counseling methodologies.
An Analysis of Lexical Density of the Expository and Narrative Texts in Middle School Korean Textbooks

Objectives The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the lexical density of expository and narratives text in middle school Korean textbooks for all grades of 9 publishers of the 2015 curriculum, and to obtain educational implications for Korean textbook development and teaching and learning guidance in middle school. Methods For this, the expository and narratives texts in middle school Korean textbooks in the 1st to 3rd grades were composed of corpus, and lexical density was measured using Python 3.8, a computer programming language after preprocessing. After comparing and analyzing this by sentence type and grade, 20 high-frequency vocabulary lists of expository and narratives texts were extracted. Results As a result of the study, the average lexical density of the expository texts for grades 1 to 3 is 48.350, The narrative texts is 48.337, which is somewhat high in expository texts. Analysis of this by grade showed that lexical density increased as the grade went up in the case of expository texts, and in the case of narrative texts, it was in the order of 2 &gt; 3 &gt; 1st grade. The expository text with the highest lexical density was &lt;To read well&gt; included in chapter 3 of the first semester of the third grade of Changbi Publishing, and the narrative was &lt;Chunhyangjeon&gt; included in chapter 4 of the second semester of the second year of the Bisang publishing. The most commonly used nouns in the expository were ‘person’, ‘book’, and ‘time’, while the narrative was ‘language’, ‘person’, and ‘house’. Conclusions In the conclusion, based on the research results, it was judged whether the text selection of the expository and narrative texts in middle school Korean textbooks was appropriate, and suggestions were made on how to use them.
Difficult conversations — turning dread to joy!

In the last column, I wrote about clearing your plate for more purpose‐driven work. I shared the “4 Ds” (do, delegate, delay, drop) and a few key questions to help manage workload coming in from other people.
Mining LinkedIn for story and outcomes‐based content ideas

I was recently working on a freelance web content project involving writing new content for academic program pages. Outcomes are a highly important aspect of these pages: the information that answers “What can I do after graduation?”
Multi-level credit risk prediction model based on deep learning

In order to promote the application of deep neural network technology in the field of bank credit risk prediction and improve the prediction accuracy and efficiency of deep neural network in the field of bank credit risk prediction, a bank credit risk prediction model based on multi-level deep neural network is designed. By taking the weighted sum data of the customer characteristics obtained by the analytic hierarchy process as the input of the model, the coarse-grained screening is carried out by the h-net of the model. The customers whose credit evaluation is higher than the threshold are further screened by the L-net of the model, and finally the customer's credit score is output. The depth of credit risk can be predicted by neural network. The experiment on the real loan data of a commercial bank shows that the model has high prediction accuracy and efficiency.
DBI-based parallel clustering partition method

In this paper, we propose the DBI-based parallel clustering partition method to address the problem of determination on the number of clusters for large-scale datasets. First, we calculate the dispersion of the samples within the class cluster under the current K centroids. Second, according to the idea of MapReduce programming framework, the parallelized algorithm processing is designed to calculate the distance between each class cluster in the clustering result, and the distance between class clusters is measured by calculating the new center of mass formed by the data samples between different class clusters. Third, the maximum of the similarity between this class cluster and all other class clusters is calculated as the similarity of the clustering result class clusters. Finally, the similarity of all class clusters is averaged as the DBI index under the current K value, which is used as the evaluation criterion for clustering performance. The experimental results show the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithm on two datasets for experimental comparison.
Image colorization using generative adversarial network

In this paper, we present an automatic colorization model for gray scale images based on a generative adversarial networks (GAN). The proposed model is composed of U-Net structure generator and a discriminator with multi-layer convolutional neural network. Then the loss function and weights of true reliability value in the discriminator are optimized. Finally, the corresponding constructed gray scale images colored and colored images are used for training to get an automatic coloring model. In experiments section, we provide various visualization results to validate the effectiveness of our method. The result of a large number of gray scale images coloring experiments show that the model has good learning ability on color transfer and can achieve better coloring effects.