Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Multifaceted Dance of Distractions: Thumbing Through the On-Screen Distractions Throughout Memrise MALL Experience

The detrimental impact of screen distractions, including heightened cognitive-emotional engagement and reduced concentration spans, remains to be fully explored. This case study investigates EFL students’ perceptions of screen distractions in mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) and explores their potential implications on learning outcomes. The study employs a descriptive methodology and purposively samples 46 first-year university students who are not majoring in English as participants. During a two-week trial, the participants use the Memrise English learning app to complete Beginner’s levels (A1 and A2). Screen recordings, user account credentials, and interview excerpts are collected from shared Google Drive folders and focus-group sessions. Thematic data analysis is conducted to gain insights into the participants’ perception of screen distractions. Results reveal that social networks and entertainment apps (63.43%) are the primary sources of distraction, followed by web browsing (22.29%), incoming notifications and pop-up messages (11.45%), and incoming calls (2.83%). Participants perceive these distractions as driven by a psychological impulse to avoid missing updates. While the participants demonstrate an impressive aptitude for adapting to and navigating Memrise MALL resources, they lack necessary support to manage distractions, resulting in a failure to meet learning objectives. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating set times for learning and optimizing screen learning to be distraction-free. Furthermore, it highlights the negative consequences of multitasking and interruptions on students’ MALL performance, underscoring the need for structured use of social media to enhance engagement and academic achievement. Students’ perception of Memrise MALL is generally positive, with reported benefits such as improved recall, concentration, motivation, and engagement. However, distraction management and material connection are essential contributors in successful MALL experience.
BENEFITS AND DISADVANTAGES OF BLENDED LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION

The article is devoted to mixed learning as the optimal form of modern education, the basis of modernization and at the same time a promising vector of its development – the use of information and communication technologies. The relevance of the material presented in the article is due to the systematic introduction of modern information and communication technologies into the educational process of higher education institutions, which causes the emergence of new types and forms of its organization, in particular mixed learning. The article argues the main advantages and disadvantages of blended learning in the higher education system. The classification of types of blended learning by levels and dimensions is presented. The structure of online and face-to-face forms of education, trends in the implementation of mixed forms of education are analyzed. Categories of blended learning are described depending on the purpose of learning. The structure of blended learning is defined and its main elements are characterized. The article examines the terminology of blended learning, theory and methodology, which takes into account the changes that have taken place in the educational information structure of modern society, which determines the relevance of the development and implementation of new educational services created on the basis of ICT and remote technologies. It has been established that blended learning is the integration of online learning with traditional learning, which is structured into an educational concept in which the learner acquires knowledge independently (online) and with the help of a teacher who acts as a facilitator (offline). . It is substantiated that active use of information and communication technologies is expected during blended learning. Emphasis is placed on the fact that modern information and communication technologies are an effective tool for the teacher, which makes it possible to improve the quality of education thanks to the correct planning of the educational load, management of educational materials and control of the quality of knowledge.
The effect of creative task types, incubation activities during incubation period, and choice in tasks on the incubation effect

The purpose of this study was investigated the incubation effect on the two main types of creative thinking, convergent thinking (e.g., remote association task) and divergent thinking (e.g., alternative use task). More importantly, the main interest of this study was to know on how incubation activities that participate in the incubation stage and choice in tasks play a role for the effect of incubation. In experiment 1, taking away from the problem for a while and participating another task was helpful to creative problem solving. In experiment 2, the result of convergent thinking task (RAT) showed that incubation effects were differed according to incubation activities and choice in tasks. The incubation group with no choice in tasks displayed significant performance improvement compared to the choice in tasks group. In addition, we could not find the difference in incubation effect for the incubation activities. In contrast, the result of divergent thinking task (AUT) showed that there were no difference in incubation effects according to incubation activities and choice in tasks. Based on these results, we discussed creativity education using incubation.
An Interview-based Investigation into Bilingual Revision Practice

This study aims to investigate bilingual revision practice by conducting interviews with five bilingual revisers and one project manager. The participants were asked about the reading order between the source and the target text during the revision process, the possibility of a reduction in revision stages, and revision parameters and scope. The findings showed that more participants started revision by reading the target text but those with stronger focus on the correction of accuracy errors read the source text first; a reduction of revision stages looks possible depending on time and budget constraints and client needs; bilingual revisers stressed the importance of correcting accuracy errors but language and presentation were also considered important, while content checking was mostly considered the task of translators, especially from the perspective of freelance revisers; and the scope of revision seemed to be strongly influenced by the needs and expectations of clients. This study sheds some light on real-life revision practice, showing the need of further investigation to better understand the complicated revision practice.
Literature on ‘Human of Good Nature’ and a Direction of Its Education: From the Perspective of Menci’s Goood Human Nature Principle Jeff of Rear Window

In this study, I attempted to explore human nature focusing on Jeff, in director Alfred Hitchcock’s film Rear Window. It aims to propose a direction for literature and education related to desirable human view through Good Human Nature Principle. For this, the Mencius’s theory was used as the base theory. Ultimately, it is meaningful in that it seeks to explore the direction of human education to foster ethical values that can identify the essence of literature and promote desirable life attitudes. As a method, character storytelling analysis was presented and actual cases of its application were analyzed. Consequently, four ways were put forth: first, literary education focused on applied works; second, character narratives to understand life; third, writing to express one's own experiences; and fourth, exchanging literature and experiences with others to broaden one's own experience in order to foster ethical values in human outlook education.
A Study on the Effectiveness of Listening Strategies in Korean Language Education for Academic Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether strategy use, which is considered to be an important factor in second language listening success, is also significant in academic listening. Therefore, a structural equation model was used to investigate how Korean listening ability, metacognitive strategies, self-regulated learning ability, use of top-down strategies, and use of bottom-up strategies, which have been found to be effective in previous research on second language listening, affect Korean Language Education for Academic Purpose. The results showed that metacognitive strategies and top-down strategies had significant effects, but self-regulated learning ability and bottom-up strategies had relatively less significant effects.
A Study on Traditional Children's Song Traditional Korean Traditional Music Education through Curriculum Integration

The purpose of this paper is to suggest the educational use of traditional music education for integrated education between art, social studies, and physical education as well as music subjects, rather than division-centered education. To this end, the study was conducted as follows. First, the concept of integrated education and the study of traditional nursery rhymes related to traditional nursery rhymes were examined on the study of traditional nursery rhymes using curriculum integration and the study of traditional nursery rhymes through play. Second, based on this, for the educational use of the traditional nursery “Subak-chigi song” a total of 4 teaching and learning plans were presented for students in grades 5~6 of elementary school through the integration of the subjects with the departments of music, social studies, physical education, and art. Based on this study, it was found that a teaching plan should be sought through curriculum integration that breaks down the boundaries between subjects, rather than a division-centered education, and it is expected that the curriculum integration guidance plan using traditional nursery rhymes will be studied more actively.
A Case Study and Effectiveness of Class with AI for Pre-service Teachers

The purpose of this study was to examine a instructional case and effectiveness in order to derive implications for designing AI education courses for pre-service teachers. To this end, we conducted a preliminary survey of 50 elementary and secondary pre-service teachers at a four-year university in the Seoul, and found that perceived usefulness had a significant effect on the intention to adopt AI technology, and based on this, we designed a class that considered the usefulness of AI. The designed AI utilization class was validated by two pedagogical experts, and the final design was derived and applied to the class. To verify the effectiveness of the program, we conducted a paired t-test and found that AI class was effective. The post-test showed that perceived usefulness and social influence were positively related to the intention to use of AI. Therefore, AI utilization education for pre-service teachers should focus primarily on the usefulness of AI in teaching and learning, but should also consider various independent variables that affect technology acceptance.
IMPACTS OF FREE EDUCATION IMPLEMENTATION ON CLASSROOM TEACHING STRATEGIES; A STUDY OF MOROGORO MUNICIPALITY

The purpose of the study was to explore impacts of free education implementation on classroom teaching strategies in Morogoro municipal council. The study was guided by three objectives which are to identify the teaching strategies which affected by the implementation of free secondary education in Morogoro municipality. To determine the challenges faced by teachers when using the identified teaching strategies during the time of implementing free secondary education in Morogoro municipality and To suggest the remedial measures to the challenges faced by teachers when employing classroom teaching strategies during the time of implementing free education in Morogoro municipality. The study employed mixed approach by integrating both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Method of data collection such as questionnaire and interview was used to collect data. The study findings revealed that, all teaching strategies affected by the implementation of free secondary education exclude one class, two instructors teaching strategies. These results indicate that, the introduction of free secondary education resulted into deteriorated school infrastructure since some of the key stakeholders of education such as parents/communities thought it is the responsibility of the Government. This tends to affect classroom teaching strategies since school infrastructures like laboratory, library, toilet facilities, canteen, classrooms, and computers can help students to enhance their motivation on learning. Due to this, deteriorated school infrastructure might a barrier that lead to the realization of education as a fundamental constitutional right. Shortage of classrooms affects classroom teaching strategies since teaching in an overcrowded classroom can cause many problems such as stress and frustration for teachers. In case of student’s shortage of classrooms, these results into problems like truancy, noise making, medical/health problems, fighting among others. The study recommended there is need for informed infrastructure if the large classes have to be managed and taught effectively by the classroom teaching strategies. The ministry of education to consider those teaching resources so as to enable teachers to be effectively employs teaching strategies. Policy makers are called upon to mage teachers in training and or in-service training that would make effectives. The educational managers are required to increase the number of teaching staffs so as to release the current teachers from heavy workload and overclouded class so that the teaching strategies to classroom.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV PADA SUBTEMA I JENIS-JENIS PEKERJAAN MELALUI MEDIA GAMBAR DI SD NEGERI 38 KOTA TERNATE

The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in student learning outcomes through the use of pictures media. This type of research is classroom action research. The class and subject of this study were fourth grade students at SD Negeri 38 Kota Ternate. The research data collection techniques are observation, testing and documentation. The research instrument used observation sheets in the form of teacher activity observation sheets and student activity observation sheets as well as instruments in the form of student evaluation test questions to assess student learning outcomes.The results showed that the process of learning activities through pictures media increased from cycle Ist to cycle IInd by 18%, this can be seen from the results of the research in cycle I there were 15 students who had completed(passed the KKM) and 7 students who had not completed (not passed the KKM) with a percentage of students' classical learning completeness of 68% and in cycle II there were 19 students who had completed and 3 students who had not completed with a percentage of students' classical learning completeness of 86%. From this analysis it can be understood that the use of image media in sub-theme 1, the types of work have increased in cycle IInd. The results of this study and research could be concluded that the learning outcomes of class IV students in sub-theme I types of work through pictures media at SD Negeri 38 Kota Ternate have increased and successed.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THE POWER OF TWO UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 56 KOTA TERNATE PADA TEMA 6 SUBTEMA 2 PERPINDAHAN KALOR DI SEKITAR KITA

The purpose of this study is to express the learning model of The Power Of Two in grade V students of SD Negeri 56 Ternate City, after using the learning model The Power Of Two in Theme 6 Subtheme 2 Heat Transfer Around Us. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects of the study were class V students with a total of 26 students consisting of 9 men and 17 women. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, documentation and tests. Data analysis techniques in this study were carried out in three stages, namely to determine individual student learning outcomes, to determine the completeness of student learning classically and to calculate the percentage of student and teacher activity results.The results of this study were 2 cycles, where cycle I obtained learning completeness with a percentage of 42.30% as many as 11 students, student activity 65.27% and teacher activity 68.75%. Then in the second cycle, student learning completeness was obtained with 96.15% as many as 25 students, student activity 90.27% and teacher activity 93.75%. Based on the results of the percentage above, it can be concluded that Learning Using The Power Of Two Model In Learning Theme 6 Subtheme 2 Heat Transfer Around Us can improve the learning outcomes of grade V students of SD Negeri 56 Ternate City.
ANALISIS KESULITAN MENENTUKAN IDE POKOK PARAGRAF SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 45 KOTA TERNATE

This research was conducted with the aim of (1) describing the ability of fifth grade students at SD Negeri 45 Kota Ternate in determining the main ideas of paragraphs, (2) knowing the factors that cause difficulties for grade V students at SD Negeri 45 Ternate City in determining the main ideas of paragraphs. This study used qualitative research methods. The collection of data used in this study are observation, tests, and interviews. The sample used in this study were 36 students.The results showed that: 1) out of 36 students who took the test, 17 students easily determined the main idea of a paragraph, while 19 students had difficulty determining the main idea of a paragraph including: 5 students (14%) had difficulty in understanding reading, 8 students (22%) had difficulty sorting out deductive and inductive paragraphs, and 6 students (17%) had difficulty distinguishing between deductive and inductive paragraphs. Based on the results of tests and interviews, there are 2 factors that cause students to experience difficulties, namely: the first is internal which includes, 1) students do not understand what is meant by the main idea; 2) students have not been able to sort out between main sentences and developer sentences; 3) students don't like the main idea material, 4) students' lack of interest in reading. The two external factors include: 1) the use of limited learning media causing students to feel bored during the learning process; 2) the lack of learning approaches carried out by parents of students at home; 3) less than optimal class management.
Regresi Logistik Ordinal untuk Memodelkan Predikat Lulusan Perguruan Tingggi

Logistic regression is an alternative model that can model the relationship between a categorical response variable and one or more categorical, continuous predictor variables, or a combination of categorical and continuous predictor variables. Based on the number of categories in the response variable, the logistic regression model consists of a dichotomous logistic regression model and a polychotomous regression model. The dichotomous logistic regression model is a logistic regression model that has two categories in the response variable and has a Bernoulli distribution. In comparison, the polychotomous logistic regression model is a logistic regression model that has three or more categories and a multinomial distribution. The polychotomous logistic regression model is divided into two models, namely the multinomial logistic regression model and ordinal logistic regression. This research aims to examine ordinal logistic regression modeling and its application to the predicate of graduates of the undergraduate program at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University (FMIPA UNMUL) for the 2020 graduation period. The results of the research show that the factors that have a significant influence on the predicate of graduates of the FMIPA UNMUL undergraduate program are gender and admission route. Female graduates of the FMIPA UNMUL undergraduate program have a greater chance of achieving satisfactory and very satisfactory predicates compared to achieving a cum laude predicate. Graduates of the FMIPA UNMUL undergraduate program who are accepted through the SMMPTN admission route have a lower chance of achieving satisfactory and very satisfactory predicates compared to achieving a cum laude predicate.
The Effects of Maker Education Program on Creative Problem-Solving Ability of Preservice Elementary Teachers

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of maker education programs on the creative problem-solving ability of preservice elementary teachers. For such purpose, maker education program for preservice elementary teachers was developed, and its effect was verified by applying such program. The development of the maker education program was carried out in the preparation, development, and improvement steps, and the verification of its effect was carried out by applying the pretest-posttest design with a single group targeting 20 preservice elementary teachers in their freshman year. The collected data were analyzed by conducting a matching sample t-test at a significance level below .05. The results of the study were as follows. First, maker education program was developed through Make A Thon using artificial intelligence and IoT robot under the subject of ‘Build a device that improves inconvenience in life!’ It was developed as a 15-hour education program, and the program was designed to cultivate creative problem-solving ability through pre-tinkering including basic learning activities of artificial intelligence and IoT robots and Make A Thon activities allowing preservice elementary teachers to discover inconvenient problems in life and find solutions to create devices. Second, the developed maker education program showed a statistically significant effect on improving the creative problem-solving ability of preservice elementary teachers. Third, the developed maker education program had a statistically significant effect on all sub-factors of creative problem-solving ability of preservice elementary teachers including problem discovery and analysis, idea generation, action planning, execution, persuasion, and communication.
Scene Graph Generation Framework using Image Region Description

Scene Graph Generation is a task that automatically maps an image into a semantically structured scene graph, which requires correct labeling of objects, attributes and their relationships. In this paper, we propose a method of generating a scene graph by parsing an image region descriptions of a visual scene, different from the general scene graph generation method. We used Abstract Meaning Representation(AMR) technique to parse image region descriptions, and used a pretrained language model to create scene graphs. We showed that the proposed method explicitly captures high-level semantics from image descriptions of visual scenes, such as objects, attributes, and relationships between objects. We also proved that our approach is more effective than scene graph generation models using the existing image region descriptions.