Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
浅析印尼小学汉字线上教学 ——以光明学校与信望爱学校为例 A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF INDONESIA PRIMARY SCHOOLS CHINESE CHARACTERS ONLINE TEACHING (Study Cases at Guang Ming and Ipeka School)

摘要在汉语的学习过程中，汉字无疑成为学生的难题之一，同时也成为汉语教师在教学中的挑战之一。印尼至2020年3月中旬全国开始线上课，学校如何进行线上汉字课便是本研究的研究重点。本研究主要通过课堂观察与教师访谈对光明学校与信望爱学校进行研究。目的是为了更深入了解光明学校与信望爱学校疫情期间的线上汉字教学的情况。通过研究得知，无论在识字教学还是写字教学，教师大部分都使用PPT教学生识字和写汉字的笔顺笔画。教师会把汉字的字形跟图片或者GIF汉字笔顺放在PPT上展示给学生看。教师也会使用一些教学网站给学生设计识字练习。在汉字练习方面，教师最常使用的汉字练习方式是让学生在练习册上描汉字或者写汉字。 关键词：线上汉字教学；印尼；小学 AbstractIn the process of learning Chinese, Chinese characters undoubtedly become one of the difficult problems for students, and also one of the challenges for Chinese teachers in teaching. This study focused on Guang Ming School and IPEKA School through classroom observation and teacher interviews. The aim was to gain a deeper understanding of the online Chinese character pedagogy during the outbreak in the two schools. Through research, it is learned that in both literacy teaching and writing teaching, teachers mostly use PPT to teach students to read and write the strokes of Chinese characters. Teachers will put the glyphs and pictures or GIF Strokes with Chinese characters on the PPT and show them to the students. Teachers also use some teaching websites to design literacy exercises for students. In terms of Chinese character practice, the most commonly used Chinese character practice method by teachers is for students to draw or write Chinese characters on the exercise books.Keywords: Online Chinese characters teaching; Indonesia; Primary School
Kesalahan Penerjemahan Pola Sintaksis dan Semantik pada Proses Penerjemahan Berita Bahasa Indonesia ke Bahasa Mandarin

Translation is an activity of transferring text, message, and meaning from one language to another.In the translation process, sometimes there are errors in the translation.The purpose of this study was to determine the form of translation errors in the process of translating Indonesian-Mandarin news.This research uses descriptive qualitative research method.The main data in this study are the inner sentences of the Guo Ji Ri Bao news article March-May 2021 edition.The results of this study indicate that there are two types of translation errors, namely syntactic and semantic pattern errors.Syntax errors are divided into three types of errors, namely, phrase errors, clause errors, and sentence errors.Semantic error is an error related to the use of meaning that is not appropriate, the type of error, namely the error in choosing a diction.
BUDAYA TUDANG SIPULUNG SEBAGAI KOMUNIKASI KELOMPOK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ASING

ABSTRACTThis research is a qualitative study that aims to find out how the implementation of thetudang sipulung culture as group communication in foreign language learning. The researchwas organized in the Foreign Language educational Department Program at the Faculty ofLanguages and Literatures, Makassar State University, and data were collected throughparticipatory observation in teaching and learning foreign languages. The research data wereanalyzed using Miles and Huberman model data analysis. The analysis consists of four mainstages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation (data display), and conclusiondrawing /verification. The study results showed that the culture of the tudang sipulung asgroup communication is one of the methods that can be applied in learning foreign languages.This culture can be used as one of the procedures during the learning process in which it is theprimary method and part of learning models. The cultural implementation of the tudangsipulung as group communication has four main elements: interaction, time, number ofmembers, and goals. In addition, this culture also adopts primary, secondary, linear, andcircular communication patterns in its application. The Tudang sipulung culture also hasseveral benefits, such as establishing social relations, channeling ideas, thoughts, andsuggestions, improving critical thinking skills, developing mutual respect, making decisions,plans or activities, solving problems, and producing solutions to the problems discussed andincreasing knowledge.Keywords: the culture of tudang sipulung, group communication, forign language learning
Syntactic Errors Made by English Department Students in Writing Undergraduate Thesis Abstract

This study aims at identifying the types of syntactic errors committed in the undergraduate thesis abstracts as well as the factors contributing to the errors. This study applied a descriptive-qualitative approach with observation, documentation method and note-taking technique. The data source was 30 abstracts written by English Department students of Udayana University who graduated in the 2021 period. In identifying the type of errors, this study employed the surface strategy taxonomy theory proposed by Dulay, Burt, and Krashen. Moreover, in identifying the factor of errors, this study applies Brown’s theory, supported by a theory about the intralingual error by Richards. The finding shows that 467 errors are found in the students’ abstracts. Errors in all syntactic categories were found. However, six out of eight types of error based on surface strategy taxonomy were found. In terms of factor, all factors of error contributing to the errors. According to the discussion, it can be concluded that the major issue in writing abstracts is the student's inability to avoid mother tongue interference as an ESL learner. As a result, the point from the source language had been ambiguously transferred into the target language.
Integration of Blockchain with the Internet of Things: A Systematic Review

Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical devices connected through the internet to collect data and make intelligent decisions. It is a rapidly growing field throughout the world and coming up with rapid growth in research fields as well. It enables us to globally access, monitor, and control these devices.However, the lack of internal security measures puts IoT at risk, and its excessive use contributed to various security and privacy challenges. These shortcomings of IoT can resolve if we integrate blockchain technology with IoT. Blockchain technology is a secure decentralized database management system that stores data in terms of blocks. This study demonstrates a brief review of blockchain and IoT integration. The main contributions of this article are: (i) the advantages of merging both technologies, (ii) the challenges of integrating both Technologies, (iii) Use of blockchain and IoT in education sector, and (iv) future enhancements of IoT with blockchain.
Implementation of Artistic and Pedagogical Interpretation Technologies in the Content of Professional Training of Future Music Teachers in the Study of Artistic Innovations in Educational Institutions

The article is devoted to the issue of the implementation of artistic and pedagogical interpretation technologies in the content of professional training of future music teachers in the study of artistic innovations in educational institutions. The purpose of the article is to consider the advantages of introducing pedagogical, artistic and pedagogical interpretation technologies into the content of professional training of future musical art teachers and to present examples of their use in the educational process of those obtaining a master's degree in the specialty «Secondary education (Musical art)». In the process of experimental work, the following research methods were used: theoretical: analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization; empirical: observations, surveys, presentation of an artistic and pedagogical interpretation of a musical work. The results. The following methods are considered by the author to be the leading methods of interpretive music-pedagogical technologies: artistic-pedagogical analysis of a work, artistic-pedagogical narrative, pedagogical interpretive cognition, perceptive immersion into the meaningful sphere of a musical work, individual critical understanding of interpretive versions of works, artistic-interpretive activity, presentation of a psychological portrait of the composer, comprehension and modeling the musical meaning of the work. In the author’s opinion the above methods reflect the general process of interpretation activity and are related to the phenomenon of musical interpretation. To characterize the musical and pedagogical interpretation technologies and their pedagogical tools, the author has given twenty one examples of recommended creative tasks for the training of future music teachers on the practical lesson topic «Methods of training applicants for the artistic and pedagogical interpretation of vocal, choral and instrumental musical works of various genres and eras for teaching musical art in 5th grade of general secondary education establishment». Conclusions. The author has defined that the introduction of artistic and pedagogical interpretation technologies into the content of the professional training of future music teachers in the study of artistic innovations in educational institutions contributes to the development of the students' motivation to master musical and pedagogical innovations, allows to activate the development of aesthetic sense, taste, perceptive abilities, critical thinking, and the formation of the skills of creating one's own artistic and pedagogical interpretations, their substantiation from the point of view of understanding the author's idea, artistic cognitive and communicative activity. Prospects for the development of the raised problem are the study of the interrelationships of artistic-pedagogical interpretive and hermeneutic technologies in the content of professional training of future music teachers.
The Role of Interactive Teaching Methods in Shaping the Innovative Competence of Future Teachers of Primary Education Institutions

The article reveals the problematics of forming innovation competence of future primary school teachers in the study of professional subjects. The relevance of the chosen topic is indicated. The aim of the study, which consists in substantiating the role of interactive teaching methods in the formation of innovative competence of future teachers of primary education institutions, is substantiated. A number of theoretical and empirical methods of scientific research, in particular analysis, generalization and systematization, observation, was used in the course of the study to achieve the objectives. The results. It is stated that the requirements for compulsory learning outcomes are defined taking into account the competence-based approach to learning, which is based on key competences. One of the key competences is innovativeness. It implies openness to new ideas, initiation of changes in a close environment, formation of skills, attitudes, which are the basis of competence approach, provide further ability to learn successfully, carry out professional activities, feel themselves as a part of the community and participate in community affairs. It is established that an important role in the formation of innovative competence is played by interactive learning, which is a specific form of organization of cognitive activity, which provides creation of such learning conditions, in which each applicant feels its success, intellectual ability. The focus is on the content of interactive learning methods: design thinking, feedback, decision tree, mind maps, jury, case-method, etc. Examples of the implementation of these methods in the teaching of professional subjects «Didactics», «Theory and Methodology of Educational Work», «Methods of teaching an integrated course «I am exploring the world»» to 2nd and 3rd year students are presented. Topics of classes and methods of implementing interactive methods are indicated. Conclusions. According to the results of the research, the above-mentioned interactive learning methods open up tools for students, using which they will be able to start thinking innovatively and see their hidden possibilities. After all, using the methods described in the article is not only a time requirement, it is a sign of a knowledgeable person with a high degree of organization and thinking. The research results obtained during the experiment have allowed the authors of the article to assert that interactive teaching methods effectively influence the process of forming the innovative competence of future teachers of primary education institutions, because the students who participated in the experiment showed positive results. The authors argue that the formed innovative competence of future primary school teachers is necessary for pedagogical activities in the New Ukrainian School, because it is innovation as a key competence defined in the State Standard of Primary Education.
Implementasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen dalam Mendukung Proses Pembelajaran Daring pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini

In order to achieve the educational goals that are expected, teaching and learning activities in school institutions will be better if a school institution has an information system that can manage these learning activities. Management information system is a that can help a leader in the form of information in making decisions. Thus, the school institution can provide information with a variety of according to what is needed. Look at the current pandemic and development of information technology especially by educational institutions in early childhood education programs (PAUD), learning activities can take place remotely (online) via the internet assisted by parents. That way the learning that is done is more effective and efficient.
Peculiarities of Using Innovation Pedagogical Technologies in the Professional Training of Future Specialists of Service Sector

The article deals with the importance and advantage of using innovation pedagogical technologies in professional preparation of future specialists of service sector that provides the development of professional, creative competencies and stimulates the future specialists’ need in self-education. It is emphasized that, thanks to the use of innovative technologies, the forms of modern lectures and practical classes are expanded and diversified: the quality of presentation of the material and efficiency of its assimilation are improved, the skills of informational and communicative interaction are formed, the worldview of students expands, and motivation for the chosen profession increases. The purpose of the article is to define the specific features of the application of innovative pedagogical technologies in the professional training of future specialists of the service sector in higher education institutions. The following methods have been used in the research as analysis, synthesis, systematization of the psychological and pedagogical literature, generalization. Results. The scientific and pedagogical analysis of literatures has allowed the author to specify the following peculiarities of innovation pedagogical technologies: 1) the personality of a teacher or an organizer of the educational process is leading, but this changes its position in relation to the student and to himself/herself; 2) the teacher appears not only as a carrier of knowledge and information, norms and traditions, but contributes of formation and development of student’s personality. The research results may contribute to optimization and improvements of teaching in the establishments of higher education by means of innovation pedagogical technologies.&#x0D; Conclusion. Among a wide range of innovation pedagogical technologies of the most significant for preparation of future service sector specialist are personally-oriented technologies, technologies of project and problem teaching, information-communicative, interactive technologies. The study of professional disciplines with using of problem style of learning of teaching material, conducting independent researches, the result of which is creation of training projects on actual themes, allow to increase cognitive interest, induce of students as future service sector specialists to active acquisition of professional knowledge, skills, develop mental abilities, creation of strong base for deep professional preparation of future service sector specialists.
Can Hidden Electrodynamic Field Fluctuations Preclude the Derivation of Bell-Type Inequalities?

We show that loophole-free Bell-type no-go theorems cannot be derived in theories involving local hidden fields. At the time of measurement, a contextuality loophole appears because each particle&amp;rsquo;s electromagnetic field interacts with the field of its respective apparatus, preventing the expression of the probability density as a function independent of the orientation of the measuring devices. Then, we use the dynamical evolution of the probability distribution to show that the spin-correlation integral can neither be expressed in terms of initial Cauchy data restricted to the particles. A correlation loophole ensues, which prevents the usage of the non-contextual correlation integrals required to demonstrate the CHSH-Bell inequality. We obtain a new inequality not violated by quantum correlation functions of entangled spin pairs, and propose that Maxwell&amp;rsquo;s electrodynamic field is the missing hidden variable triggering the coupled nonlinear oscillations of the particles, which bring about the synchronicities observed in the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm (EPRB) experiment.
Research on Domestic " Blockchain + Credit Investigation" Based on CNKI Database Hot Spot and Trend Analysis

"Blockchain + Credit investigation " has good prospects. In order to explore the research hotspots of " Blockchain + credit investigation" in China, and analyze its research trends, and grasp its research trends, this paper selects CNKI database as the data source, based on the CiteSpace visual analysis software and bibliometric method, through the number of documents, institutions and authors analysis, draw the knowledge map of "blockchain + credit investigation", identify research hotspots and research frontier, and provide support for relevant researchers to better grasp the research focus and research direction in this field, and put forward suggestions based on the research results. Corresponding suggestions in order to promote the development of "Blockchain + credit investigation" in China.
Preliminary review of cybersecurity coordination in Nigeria

Cyberspace presents significant opportunities that enhance communication, and boost business and socio-economic prosperity in Nigeria. While cyber criminals thrive to exploit any vulnerability for their gains, the Nigeria Government has taken some measures to safeguard its cyberspace. This study evaluates the efforts of the Nigeria Government in the coordination of cybersecurity in the country. It used secondary source methodology by reviewing previous and related research works including books, articles among others. The study found that Nigeria has established a national Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) and four active Sectoral Computer Security Incident Response Teams (CSIRTs). It also revealed that the Nigeria Government through the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA) formulated the National Cybersecurity Policy and Strategy (NCPS). It was found that the establishment of the National Cybersecurity Coordination Centre (NCCC) would enhance the implementation of cybersecurity programs in Nigeria. Amongst others, the study recommended that the ONSA should facilitate the approval for the establishment of NCCC.
Solar water disinfection (SODIS): modelling exposure period with geometric distribution

Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is recognised and promoted as a simple and low-cost method for water quality improvement and diarrhoea prevention. However, there is potential for underexposure and incomplete disinfection due to the uncertainty arising from variable weather/exposure period. This study presents a probabilistic methodology for obtaining exposure periods from time series of historical solar energy data capable of resolving this uncertainty. To do this, SODIS exposure period was interpreted and computed in agreement with the underlying physical processes that govern geometric distribution. The methodology was illustrated by using geometric distribution to predict monthly exposure periods at 5% exceedance probability for 324 locations in Southeastern Nigeria. The parameter of the geometric distribution was estimated from solar radiation data obtained from NASA geo-satellite database. The results revealed both spatial and temporal variation of exposure period. Two days of exposure would ensure complete disinfection 95% of the days in November to May in virtually all the locations of the region. June to September is the least favourable period for SODIS application in Southeastern Nigeria, mostly requiring more than 2 days of exposure to ensure treatment. Performance validation of the model using confusion matrix showed an overall prediction accuracy of 83%, suggesting a reliable model for the prediction of exposure period. The exposure periods were presented in the form of monthly maps to serve as a tool for guarding against underexposure.
Robot Navigation Algorithm Based on Real-Time Ranging and Map Matrix

By constructing a static map, the library robot can navigate and access documents autonomously, which greatly improves efficiency; however, for libraries where shelves can be moved, map changes do not allow for direct navigation, and also sensors such as radar and camera are relatively expensive, so we propose a low-cost navigation algorithm based on real-time ranging data and map matrices, and designed a mobile archive access robot. In order to obtain real-time distance data, nine near/long range sensors were mounted on the chassis and a composite digital filtering algorithm was designed based on different moving area characteristics; then the access task matrix and map matrix were designed based on the archive access task and the location characteristics of the archive shelf placement, the robot can rely on the range data to update the map matrix during the moving process, complete its own positioning, and use the task matrix The robot can use the task matrix to complete autonomous navigation and access to multiple files. Experiments show that the filtered positioning accuracy can reach 1cm, while the robot can move to the target shelf autonomously, which is more practical and less costly.
Advanced Operations Technology on Cost Performances in Services: Stakeholder Integration As Mediator

The objective of the study is to determine the impact of advanced operation technology and stakeholder integration on firms' costs performances.A model is proposed that links advanced operations technology (AOT), to firms' cost performances (CP) via stakeholder integration (SI).The underlying dimensions of advanced operations technology, stakeholder integration, and costs performances were empirically verified and validated through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability analysis procedure, and construct validity test.Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to test the model, drawing on a sample of 254 operations managers or equivalent positions who work in service sectors in Malaysia.Data analysis revealed that, a significant relationship was found between the level of stakeholder integration and costs performances.Further, advanced operations technology significantly influences costs performances and it was realized through the mediating role of stakeholder integration.Overall, as this study confirms the impact of advanced operations technology on stakeholder integration and costs performances in services sector in Malaysia, Managers should pay attention to enhancing technology and stakeholder integration in their organizations.