Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Multimedia Teaching Model of Music Course in Colleges and Universities Based on Classroom Audio Data Mining Technology

Objectives: With the rapid development of information technology, multimedia teaching mode carries a large amount of audio-visual information, quickly occupies the music classroom in Colleges and universities, and becomes the mainstream teaching mode of music teaching in Colleges and universities. Methods: Based on this, this study uses classroom audio data mining technology to analyze the effect of multimedia teaching mode of music courses in Colleges and universities. The method of audio data mining is analyzed in college music multimedia classroom. The advanced embedded SOPC system is used to decode the MP3 audio files played in music courses by combining software and hardware. The performance of the multimedia teaching system in college music courses is optimized. Results: The hardware resources are made use of the flexibility of SOPC (System-on-a-Programmable-Chip) system. Reasonable allocation achieves the optimal design of teaching mode. Finally, the superiority of the algorithm is verified by testing. The test results show that the decoding speed and efficiency of audio files can be significantly improved by combining hardware and software. Conclusion: At the same time, the system has greater flexibility and expandable space, which can effectively promote the multimedia teaching effect of music courses in Colleges and universities. The research in this paper is helpful to the flexible transformation of multimedia teaching mode of music courses in Colleges and universities, and provides an important reference for the popularization of multimedia and the wide use of data mining technology in music courses in Colleges and universities.
Build a Popular Social Network with MERN

Welcome to the final MERN project, where you build an awesome popular social network using the MERN framework. The back end is hosted in Heroku, and the front-end site is hosted in Firebase. Firebase also handles the authentication functionality. Material-UI provides the icons in this project. You also use styled components and CSS.
The Need for Inspirational (Charismatic) Teachers in Today's Classrooms.

In the time when access to diversified and abundant information by high school students is very easy, where a student in his comfortable home via the internet, can find quick answers to his questions without having to go and stay in the class with many rules, the need for inspirational teachers is felt more than ever. The increasing number of students who do not respect the treasured figure of the teacher, and under the circumstances when the number of elements that serve as magnets to attract the students' wishes and attention at the expense of school education has increased more than ever, inspirational teachers are needed to increase the curiosity and need of the learner to explore with curiosity. The purpose of this paper is to explain the influence that inspirational teachers have on their students, based on the literature review. Conclusions: inspirational teachers are experts in their subject. They transmit enthusiasm, cultivate positive relationships with students. They are flexible, reflective and adapt to their practices, make intentional and meaningful learning for students. They also help their students to discover where their talents combine with their passions, promote a safe and stimulating climate (environment) in the classroom, create a clear and positive classroom management, developes collaboration and brings innovation to the classroom. This reflection serves to all the actors of education.
Boundary Detection to Segment the Pectoral Muscle from Digital Mammograms Images

Breast cancer is class of cancer that sets off when the breast cells grow out of proportion and control. The radiologist recognizes the sign of breast cancer by performing a kind of X-ray called screening mammography. During analysis of mammography the biggest problem arise because of the presence of pectoral muscle. The mass of tissue on which the breast is rest called the Pectoral muscle. The primary problem is that pectoral muscle area density is almost similar to the tumour cell and this condition generates confusion to recognize the tumour cell. For analysis the Medio-Lateral oblique (MLO) views of mammograms is being taken so that the complete breast image can be viewed. Some part of the pectoral muscle also gets visible along with the breast in the MLO view which must be segmented from the mammogram. Pectoral muscle involvement can lead to false positive or false negatives. The workforce shortages of Radiologist with respect to growing demands and to declare the result in a very short time have also increased the pressure. Consequently, a radiologist is sometimes unable to detect an anomaly. This is the time where CAD system can help radiologists to detect breast cancer at an earlier stage. Numerous strategies for the selection of the pectoral muscle have been suggested and developed so far. This article reviews the different segmentation techniques for pectoral muscle removal in mammograms through digital images..
Educational Environment as a Form for Development of Math Teachers Methodological Competence

The problem of forming the professional competencies of a math teacher in the process of his (her) training at the pedagogical university and in the system of continuing education is extremely relevant not only in Ukraine but also abroad. This is especially true for the methodological competence of teachers, which largely determines the quality of the educational process in general and student achievements in particular. To solve this problem, we propose to create an educational environment, which, in addition to math teachers, includes specialists in mathematics teaching methods from pedagogical universities, instructors of teacher’s in-service training courses, master’s students in pedagogical specialties, who, in particular, are trained in dual form of education. As the results of the experiment show, such educalional environment allows to realize professional training of mathematics teachers more effectively and qualitatively compared to traditional methods.
Data Fusion for Target Recognition Based on Evidence Theory in IOT Environment

Data fusion using evidence theory in IOT applications has been used extensively to recoginze targets because it offers the advantage of handling uncertainty. But the traditional Dempster&amp;rsquo;s combination rule cannot deal with highly conflicting information because it often generates counter-intuitive results. In this paper, a new weighted evidence combination approach is proposed to solve this problem. First, two measures, i.e., an uncertainty measure of each evidence and a probabilistic-based dissimilarity measure between two evidences, are introduced to estimate the value of weight of each sensor. Then, when combining conflicting information, reasonable results can be produced by using weighted average of evidences and Dempster&amp;rsquo;s combination rule. Our experimental results showed that the proposed method has better performance in performance than the existing methods.
Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems

Different methods of processing fuzzy information exist. We note, as instance, the Sugeno method (Takagi, and Sugeno (IEEE Trans Syst Man Cyb 15:116–132, 1985)) which allows to simplify the calculations based on an aggregation of the information, in the purpose of obtaining an interpretable solution. This method is often used in real time applications where the problem of computational time arises. Another regularly used one is the Mamdani approach shown in Mamdani and Assilian (Int J Man-Mach Stud 7:1–13, 1975). This one will be developed in this chapter. The Mamdani fuzzy process, also called the Mamdani fuzzy inference system or the fuzzy logic system (FLS), consists of three main steps: fuzzification, IF-THEN rules, and defuzzification.
Learners' Perspective of Emergency Remote Teaching in a Public Higher Education Institution

The purpose of this research is to investigate learners’ satisfaction, needs, and challenges with emergency remote teaching such as connectivity, devices, and learning strategies in a prominent public higher education institution during the pandemic. As this study utilized a nonexperimental quantitative research design, data were gathered from 251 learners via an online survey by means of a convenience sampling technique. The data was tabulated using Microsoft Excel then later imported into WINSTESPS software for a Rasch model measurement analysis. The research instrument’s reliability and validity were established, a partial credit model (PCM) Rasch measurement analysis was performed, and the (logit) value of the item and (logit) value of a person were analyzed. Findings indicated that learners reported challenges in terms of low internet connectivity during emergency remote teaching. In terms of learner’s skills in using gadgets, they are more skillful in using their smartphone for learning as compared to computers. With regard to the most common videoconferencing tool used by learners, Google Meet took the first place. Likewise, most of the learners were satisfied with emergency remote teaching, with a high proportion of postgraduate learners preferring emergency remote teaching mode as compared to undergraduate learners.
Two-armed bandit problem and batch version of the mirror descent algorithm

We consider the minimax setup for the two-armed bandit problem as applied to data processing if there are two alternative processing methods with different a priori unknown efficiencies. One should determine the most efficient method and provide its predominant application. To this end, we use the mirror descent algorithm (MDA). It is well-known that corresponding minimax risk has the order of $N^{1/2$ with $N$ being the number of processed data and this bound is unimprovable in order. We propose a batch version of the MDA which allows processing data by packets that is especially important if parallel data processing can be provided. In this case, the processing time is determined by the number of batches rather than by the total number of data. Unexpectedly, it turned out that the batch version behaves unlike the ordinary one even if the number of packets is large. Moreover, the batch version provides significantly smaller value of the minimax risk, i.e., it considerably improves a control performance. We explain this result by considering another batch modification of the MDA which behavior is close to behavior of the ordinary version and minimax risk is close as well. Our estimates use invariant descriptions of the algorithms based on Gaussian approximations of incomes in batches of data in the domain of ``close'' distributions and are obtained by Monte-Carlo simulations.
ISSUES, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN BLOCKCHAIN-BASED EDUCATIONAL PARADIGMS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW PROTOCOL

Blockchain is a new technology that provides services of immutability, trust, disintermediation, collaboration, transparency. Nowadays, the use of this new technology is mostly used for Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, but apart from this, blockchain technology improved the performance level of other areas of life i.e. Higher Education Institution (HEI) and stakeholders, certificate verification, and many other domains. Students and educational institutions' important data are mostly shared via different networks. The data integrity, privacy, and security are the major issues for these in blockchain technology which cannot be avoided. This paper is a documented plan for to conduct or a protocol based on which a systematic literature review would be conducted focusing on the issues, challenges, and major strengths of blockchain and its educational paradigms. The result of this review will be highly helpful for the new researchers to overcome the proposed issues and challenges, exploring educational paradigms in Blockchain, elaborate the major strengths helping the educational institutes in adapting process and increase the level of satisfaction. This study plans to explore some educational types with some issues and challenges such as scalability, immutability, and easy adaptation.
“I can’t see why you’re laughing”: Multimodal Analysis of Emotionalized Political Debate

This case study focuses on various stages in which a sequence of interaction on TV is received on Twitter and subsequently co-constructed and reframed in a polarized way. In a mixed-methods approach, a biometric facial expression analysis has been applied in combination with established pragmatic approaches to reassess the issues at stake.
The Importance of Modern Technologies in the Teaching of Philosophy

This article discusses the importance of modern technology in the teaching of philosophy. One of the significant methodological difficulties in understanding the problem of technologization of education is due to the ambiguity of the interpretation of the concept of educational technology in pedagogy (researchers identify more than six aspects of understanding technology, reflected in the definitions of this concept. Due to the noted semantic ambiguity of the concept under consideration, the arsenal of educational technologies, reflected in modern scientific and pedagogical literature, includes educational approaches, and types of educational activities, and methods, and methods and forms of education.
Application of the social service Wiki in the educational process of University

Examined is the application of social service with aim of education at university. At present, education in the university often takes place in a mixed format, with the active use of distance technologies. This context increasingly raises the question of using new methods and techniques that could make the educational process more effective and interesting for students. Under these conditions, teachers have increasingly begun to turn their attention to the Web 2.0 technologies, which represent a qualitatively new approach to the construction of the educational process. This article deals with the social service Wiki, which is more often used in the educational process of the university. From the teaching point of view, the Wiki service allows creating conditions for students when they have to analyze large amounts of information, select the most important, summarize and draw conclusions. It also allows students to critically review articles and collaboratively correct or improve them. The use of the Wiki service in the educational process is of great importance for students as well because its interactivity transforms them from pure information consumers into active users. This article presents examples of using the social service Wiki in the educational process of Penza State Technological University within the framework of the disciplines “Foreign language (German)” and “Methods of teaching and education”.
The CoP’s Role in Introducing New Technology in Cultural Organizations

This study assessed the problem of the development of new technology and knowledge management in cultural organizations. The specific role of the community of practice (CoP) as an instrument of change management and knowledge generation in cultural organizations was considered. In terms of the study problem, qualitative research methods were used for the analysis of the academic literature and practical cases of libraries in Florida. The outcomes of the study demonstrated that the CoP did not play a negative role in the process of new technology integration in cultural organizations. In contrast, CoPs played a serious positive role thus generating ideas for innovations and supporting the personnel of libraries in their development. Concerning sources of barriers, the lack of resources, limited capabilities of librarians, and low support of management were considered the main issues. Further research should identify specific recommendations applicable for the improvement of the situation and sharing of the best experience in the sphere of digital transformation of cultural organizations.
Video Frame Illumination Inconsistency Reduction using CLAHE with Kekre’s LUV Color Space

Visual frame quality is of utmost significance and is relevant in numerous computer vision applications such as object detection, video surveillance, optical motion capture, multimedia and human computer interface. Under controlled or uncontrolled environment, the video visual frame quality gets affected due to illumination variations. This may further hamper the interpretability and may lead to significant loss of information for background modeling. An excellent background model can enhance good visual perception. In this work, local enhancement technique with improved background modeling, Clipped Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) is explored with Kekre’s LUV color space to reduce the illumination inconsistency especially with darker set of video frames and a significant improved average entropy of 7.7225 has been obtained, which is higher than the existing explored variations of CLAHE. .
The ways of forming virtual educational space of higher education institution

The article is devoted to the analysis of the definitions “educational spaceˮ and “virtual educational space of higher education institutionˮ in the context of research methodology. The multifaceted nature of the virtual educational space has been assessed at several levels – institutional, functional, and technical. It is defined the peculiarities of the “virtual universityˮ as a modern educational institution and the components of its structure (technical (telecommunication) environment; information and communication environment; educational and methodical environment; administrative and management environment). The main ways of forming the virtual educational space in the context of its environments construction are: information environment; technological and digital environment; communicative environment and educational support, which provides educational sphere of measurement. The information environment of a higher education institution is presented as a set of information (regulatory and administrative, scientific, educational, sociocultural, and advisory), which is produced and promoted within the global, regional and local space as its own intellectual product. The basic principles of information environment– openness, accessibility, flexibility, safety, mobility and adaptability of information are highlighted. The use of resource software capabilities of the learning management system (which have been analyzed in the context of modern research) is the way to the formation of technical and digital environment of virtual educational space. Communicative environment of the virtual educational space in a higher education institution promotes the creation of various forms of communicative and social interaction of education participants. Keywords: educational space, educational environment, virtual educational space of higher education institution, virtual university, virtual campuses, virtual community.
On the Many Dimensions of Complexity in Heritage Languages

Abstract Heritage languages are often discussed in terms of their (reduced) complexity, but few attempts have been made to objectively measure the complexity of heritage languages. Here we explore various approaches to the investigation of language complexity, discussing three broad areas of inquiry: (i) attempts to objectively measure grammatical complexity, (ii) the potential role of socio-demographic factors in explaining variability in complexity, and (iii) considerations beyond grammatical complexity, which include the various aspects of complexity invoked when language is used for the purpose of communication. At each point, we highlight potential wisdom to be drawn from existing studies of heritage languages, which help to inform hypotheses for future study. The upshot is that complexity in heritage languages is itself a complex phenomenon – an observation that calls into question traditional characterizations of heritage languages in terms of an overall decrease in complexity.
Fast Training of Neural Lumigraph Representations using Meta Learning

Novel view synthesis is a long-standing problem in machine learning and computer vision. Significant progress has recently been made in developing neural scene representations and rendering techniques that synthesize photorealistic images from arbitrary views. These representations, however, are extremely slow to train and often also slow to render. Inspired by neural variants of image-based rendering, we develop a new neural rendering approach with the goal of quickly learning a high-quality representation which can also be rendered in real-time. Our approach, MetaNLR++, accomplishes this by using a unique combination of a neural shape representation and 2D CNN-based image feature extraction, aggregation, and re-projection. To push representation convergence times down to minutes, we leverage meta learning to learn neural shape and image feature priors which accelerate training. The optimized shape and image features can then be extracted using traditional graphics techniques and rendered in real time. We show that MetaNLR++ achieves similar or better novel view synthesis results in a fraction of the time that competing methods require.
Essentials of HTML

This chapter introduces the most prevalent markup language for developing websites. It acquaints you with the essentials of designing websites. Besides that, it contains a rich set of code and examples to support you in getting started with coding using HTML.
QACE: Asking Questions to Evaluate an Image Caption

In this paper we propose QACE, a new metric based on Question Answering for Caption Evaluation to evaluate image captioning based on Question Generation(QG) and Question Answering(QA) systems. QACE generates questions on the evaluated caption and check its content by asking the questions on either the reference caption or the source image. We first develop QACE_Ref that compares the answers of the evaluated caption to its reference, and report competitive results with the state-of-the-art metrics. To go further, we propose QACE_Img, that asks the questions directly on the image, instead of reference. A Visual-QA system is necessary for QACE_Img. Unfortunately, the standard VQA models are actually framed a classification among only few thousands categories. Instead, we propose Visual-T5, an abstractive VQA system. The resulting metric, QACE_Img is multi-modal, reference-less and explainable. Our experiments show that QACE_Img compares favorably w.r.t. other reference-less metrics.
On the Power of Differentiable Learning versus PAC and SQ Learning

We study the power of learning via mini-batch stochastic gradient descent (SGD) on the population loss, and batch Gradient Descent (GD) on the empirical loss, of a differentiable model or neural network, and ask what learning problems can be learnt using these paradigms. We show that SGD and GD can always simulate learning with statistical queries (SQ), but their ability to go beyond that depends on the precision $\rho$ of the gradient calculations relative to the minibatch size $b$ (for SGD) and sample size $m$ (for GD). With fine enough precision relative to minibatch size, namely when $b \rho$ is small enough, SGD can go beyond SQ learning and simulate any sample-based learning algorithm and thus its learning power is equivalent to that of PAC learning; this extends prior work that achieved this result for $b=1$. Similarly, with fine enough precision relative to the sample size $m$, GD can also simulate any sample-based learning algorithm based on $m$ samples. In particular, with polynomially many bits of precision (i.e. when $\rho$ is exponentially small), SGD and GD can both simulate PAC learning regardless of the mini-batch size. On the other hand, when $b \rho^2$ is large enough, the power of SGD is equivalent to that of SQ learning.