Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Uniform interpolation via nested sequents and hypersequents.

A modular proof-theoretic framework was recently developed to prove Craig interpolation for normal modal logics based on generalizations of sequent calculi (e.g., nested sequents, hypersequents, and labelled sequents). In this paper, we turn to uniform interpolation, which is stronger than Craig interpolation. We develop a constructive method for proving uniform interpolation via nested sequents and apply it to reprove the uniform interpolation property for normal modal logics $\mathsf{K}$, $\mathsf{D}$, and $\mathsf{T}$. We then use the know-how developed for nested sequents to apply the same method to hypersequents and obtain the first direct proof of uniform interpolation for $\mathsf{S5}$ via a cut-free sequent-like calculus. While our method is proof-theoretic, the definition of uniform interpolation for nested sequents and hypersequents also uses semantic notions, including bisimulation modulo an atomic proposition.
The Protection of Literary Works under Article 2 of the Berne Convention and its Acceptability in EU Countries

Article 2 of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works seeks to, amongst others, protect the originality of literary works. Unlike most of the other components of international law, the Berne Convention itself, being an international enactment, avoids the risk of unacceptability. This is implicit in the fact that it has 177 signatories, out of the recognized 195 countries in the world (Berne Convention of Literary and Artistic Works - List of Signatories, 2019); including most, if not all of Europe. This position is notwithstanding the existence of serious concerns as to the efficacy of national copyrights instruments in countries where it is applied.While this research hypothesizes that there is a high level of acceptability of the Berne Convention on Literary and Artistic Works amongst members of the European Union, the essence of the research will be to see the extent of this acceptability and how much of this vital Convention has been implemented accordingly. The researcher intends to review the reflection of the cited provision in municipal conventions and laws, like copyright laws in Germany and other EU Countries. This would further reassert the importance of this law and its efficacy in reducing major issues of copyright concerns.
近現代韓、中語文政策與漢文（古典文言文）教育的變化

The focus of this study is to investigate the impact of the debate and decision-making on Literary Sinitic education in Korea and China after modern times. In addition to the differences in space and time background, South Korea and China have very similar development process and outcome in many aspects, such as Chinese character education, Chinese language education and debate and decision-making related to language policy. The dual structure of this study, which has both universality and particularity, is different from that before modern times. And this kind of difference is also the present appearance of Sino-sphere.
Graph convolution network with node feature optimization using cross attention for few-shot learning.

Graph convolution network (GCN) is an important method recently developed for few-shot learning. The adjacency matrix in GCN models is constructed based on graph node features to represent the graph node relationships, according to which, the graph network achieves message-passing inference. Therefore, the representation ability of graph node features is an important factor affecting the learning performance of GCN. This paper proposes an improved GCN model with node feature optimization using cross attention, named GCN-NFO. Leveraging on cross attention mechanism to associate the image features of support set and query set, the proposed model extracts more representative and discriminative salient region features as initialization features of graph nodes through information aggregation. Since graph network can represent the relationship between samples, the optimized graph node features transmit information through the graph network, thus implicitly enhances the similarity of intra-class samples and the dissimilarity of inter-class samples, thus enhancing the learning capability of GCN. Intensive experimental results on image classification task using different image datasets prove that GCN-NFO is an effective few-shot learning algorithm which significantly improves the classification accuracy, compared with other existing models.
AN APPROACH FOR CREATING AN ADAPTIVE MULTIMEDIA LEARNING ENVIRONMENT FOR TRAINING IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

The relevance of this research results from the experience gained in the creation of a multimedia environment for information and computer technology training, which is constructed from electronic didactic materials in the form of study objects. The school object is the smallest semantic unit of electronic didactic material. This environment fulfills all the functions of education - informing, forming and controlling; uses various semiotic tools - text, graphics, sound, video, animation, simulation of learning activities and provides the user with a high level of interactivity and control. We believe that greater effectiveness in learning with this environment can be achieved if it is designed to take into account the typical learning styles of the 'digital generation'. After exploring a wide variety of cognitive styles, we have chosen the ‘polar-dependence polar-independence’ bicognitive style, on the basis of which the environment is constructed as adaptive because it adapts the presentation of the learning content for each individual student according to his or hers individual status, learning needs and style. In pursuit of the right approach to designing an adaptive multimedia environment, we have conducted a number of studies related to: defining the concept of adaptive and adaptable learning environment; possible cognitive styles for adapting the learning environment at the macro level; defining indicators for measuring the manifestation of typical cognitive styles; defining the characteristics of the students exhibiting bicontrast cognitive styles polar-dependent and polar-independent; selection of appropriate copyright tools for creating e-learning objects out of which to build the multimedia environment. Based on these studies, we have generated an approach to achieve static adaptivity of the macro-level multimedia environment, dynamic adaptability of the micro-level environment, and constructive building of individual learning trajectories for each individual. We believe that a multimedia information technologies training environment based on these studies would lead to a maximum training effectiveness and to a successful implementation of constructivist principles for active transformation of learning resources and their spontaneous sharing with other participants in training - classmates and teachers.
Altruism and Trust: Can They Predict Remittances?

Remittances are significant as a large component of a region's foreign exchange and gross domestic product, especially in Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Inoue (2018) found that remittances lower the level of poverty in receiving countries. The increase in remittances to developing countries (Mondal & Khanam 2018) necessitates investigation of motivations for flow of remittances. This research examines the relationship between altruism and remittance outflow as well as trust and remittances. This study used a quantitative cross-sectional research design with 214 countries representing Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, East Asia and the Pacific, North America, the Middle East and North Africa, South Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa. The data for remittance outflow was obtained from the World Bank's 2013 and 2014 data archives, altruism data from the World Giving Index, total population from the World Bank 2014 archives, and data for trust from the Interpersonal Trust Index. The results showed that Sao Tome and Principe sent the least in remittances during the years 2013 and 2014, while migrants in the U.S. sent the most in remittances. Norway had the highest trust score, while New Zealand and Australia had the highest score for altruism. There was a moderate, positive linear relationship between trust and remittance outflow, and between altruism and remittance outflow. Two models were developed for this study. Model 1 consisted of 63 countries while Model 2 had 61 countries. Linear regressions were utilized to analyze the research models and test the study's hypotheses. The findings in Model 1 showed that altruism and trust explained motivations for remittance, while Model 2 showed that trust was the main motive. Altruism and trust are significant predictors for remittances. Between the two predictors, trust is most important to migrants. Policy implications of the study include focusing on formal channels of remitting such as banks and other official businesses that can transfer money. Furthermore, governments should concentrate on building trust in people by getting more citizens involved in policymaking whether they are local or live abroad. These efforts can significantly increase remittances, which in turn can improve a country's economy.
Future museum shopping experience design for Museum Catharijneconvent

The overall museum experience consists of the visiting experience and shopping experience. Visiting experience is normally the focus of the museum, however, the shopping experience is often ignored. This leads to that the shopping experience is separate from the overall experience. This project cooperates with Museum Catharijneconvent and aims to integrate the shopping experience to the overall museum experience of visitors. Based on the research, the design goal is proposed. Design a shop that allows users efficient purchase, communicate, and reflect their impressions in the exploration of the shop after visiting exhibitions. In order to achieve the design goal, a shop design plan is proposed. The shop is composed of a basic area and multifunctional areas. The final concept not only takes into account the interaction of users in the store, at the same time the flexibility of the shop is also taken into account. The flexibility of the shop allows the shop to be easily adjusted when the needs of users or museum change.
North Haven Memorial Library Presents…NoodleMan: Engaging Children During COVID-19

This blog post describes how North Haven Memorial Library improved their online presence within the community by creating NoodleMan. NoodleMan is a puppet that is now included in the library’s Zoom programs and their marketing, as is evidenced by the video included in the blog. It also explains the benefits of using puppets to engage children, especially through Zoom.
Leaky Frontends: Micro-Op Cache and Processor Frontend Vulnerabilities.

This paper demonstrates a new class of security vulnerabilities due to the Micro-Op Caches, also called Decode Stream Buffer, and other components in the processor frontend. The vulnerabilities presented in this work exploit multiple paths in the processor frontend that the micro-ops can take: through the Micro-Instruction Translation Engine (MITE), through the Decode Stream Buffer (DSB), or through the Loop Stream Detector (LSD). Each path has its own unique timing and power signature, which leads to security vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities can be used as side or covert channels for information leakage and can be exploited to create both timing and power attacks. As information leakage channels, the new vulnerabilities are orthogonal to the existing speculative execution attacks and can be used as covert transmission channels in a new variant of speculative attacks that is demonstrated in this work. The vulnerabilities further affect Intel SGX enclaves, and this work shows how information can be leaked from SGX enclaves through the sharing of the frontend paths. The transmission rates for new attacks based on the vulnerabilities presented can be as high as 1410 Kbps (1.41 Mbps) with an almost 0% error rate. Consequently, this work demonstrates that multiple paths in the processor frontend are a source of security vulnerabilities which have not been considered before and that focusing on just speculative execution attacks is not sufficient to secure today's processors.
MERANCANG TES GRAMMAR ENGLISH FOR SPESIFIC PURPOSES (ESP) UNTUK MAHASISWA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT SEMESTER 1 DI INSTITUT KESEHATAN DELI HUSADA DELI TUA

The study is designing English Grammar Assessment for public health students at Institut Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua. The objectives of the study are : (1) Investigate English grammar assessment which meet to the public health students’ needs at Institut Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua. (2) Design English grammar assessment through ACA. The method of the stufy is qualitative research. The writer evaluates the English grammar assessment on students’ material book which is used by them on teaching learning process. Based on the result shows that the assessment is too general for health students. The assessments are not suitable for helath field. It brings the writer to interview students to find out students’ needs on learnign English, especially on grammar. Then the writer design the new grammar assessment which are appropriate to Health Public Students and also validate it. This thesis result found the following: (1)The ESP theory should be considered for deciding grammar assessment to students of public health. Health Students need grammar assessments which are related to health field. (2) New English grammar are designed through ACA to find out the appropriate assessment for Health Students. ACA uses authentic materials as an approach in deciding appropriate assessment which is given to the students. The aunthentic materials are required to them to face the real situation in workplace later. The teacher gives the English grammar assessment, future planning. The assessment about future planing which is talking about health field. The result of questionnaire shows that the new English grammar assessment are relevant to the Health Students in Institut Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua.
LibGuides: Connecting Children with Diverse Topics: Home

In this LibGuide, users can search through for children's books that center around race, religion, and diversity/cultures. For educators and parents, this guide is to help those understand how important it is to have a diverse selection of books for their
HNU Library: Learning about Racial Justice & Institutionalized Racism: Additional Resources

A guide that brings together racial justice and institutionalized racism resources at Cushing Library and beyond.
Determination on Apriori and Clustering Algorithms based on Crime Against Female Permanency- Prediction in Tamil Nadu State

Crime against women has extended been a problem, in stretches of harmony and conflict. The aim of the research is defined methods for examining association instructions mining procedures besides clustering towards proposition innovative guidelines since an expansive conventional exposed rule which is occupied after violence against women’s records in around Tamil Nadu state. Apriori as well as cluster remains first rate as well as determined prominent processes. Apriori is modest system, functional aimed at excavating of recurring decorations as well as beginning operation records to discovery regular item sets and connotation amongst numerous record sets. A cluster remains a performance recycled towards a collection of items consuming comparable structures. Association guidelines data mining processes recycled near determine numerous associations. WEKA implements remained recycled toward evaluating crime against women record sets, has been collected of 1350 occurrences and 8 qualities. Apriori procedure and Expectation- Maximization process remained executed, intended for crime records to determine the aspects, which foundations rape in all districts. Concluded the outcomes, demonstrations have apriori process is improved than Expectation-Maximization cluster algorithm.
Contrast Adjusting and K-Means Clustering to Isolate Tumors in Mammograms

- Radiologists do a very important role in disease recognition based on the increasing utilization of medical images. Medical scanning devices such as mammography yield more images to patients which make the radiologist's work even more burdensome. It is, therefore, necessary to help the radiologist to obtain a better and faster diagnosis. In this work, two methods were proposed for the segmenting three mammography images. The first method is the contrast adjusting based technique by implementing spatial domain enhancement technique and the second method is K-means clustering in both methods utilized many morphological operations to isolate and extract breast tumors. The result of these two methods showed good procedures to isolate and extract breast tumors according to the consultation of the radiologist and have good agreement with the radiologist's delineation. The percent relative differences for the experimental images were reached from 0.8085 to 0.8338 % for the first technique and reached from 0.3731 to 0.7891 % for the second technique.
Research Guides: GW Libraries Links: Home

Direct links to library services and resources for use when the library website if offline.
A comparative literature review of the methodologies to evaluate risk of NaTech disasters and Critical Infrastructure affected by natural hazard

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;In a climate change framework extreme natural events are going to occur more frequently and intensively as a result of global warming. Therefore, the effects and consequences of climate-related natural hazards, such as flooding, heatwaves, drought, landslides and others, have the potential to become more disastrous and extensive. Consequences of such events are of particular concern considering that today&amp;amp;#8217;s societies are interconnected in complex and dynamic socio-technological networks and, hence, dependent more than before on Critical Infrastructures (CI) systems (such as transport, energy, water, ICT systems, etc.). Furthermore, there are also events of Natural Hazards Trigger Technological Disasters (also known as NaTech events), whereby an industrial accident caused by a natural event could affect people, the environment, and other facilities and systems. This work reviews studies in the fields of risk assessment of CI systems affected by natural hazards and NaTech events.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This study identifies and classifies: the methodologies applied (qualitative or quantitative), the type of infrastructures exposed (transport, electricity, oil, gas, water and waste water and telecommunications systems, industrial or nuclear plant) and hazard considered (flood, earthquake, lighting, landslide, avalanche, storm surge, heat and cold waves, wind), the scale of application and the level of spatial resolution.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The work provides a comparison of the scientific studies, the objectives and analysis methods to assess risk employed in the fields of CI systems and NaTech events in order to highlight similarities and differences and to guide the most suitable approach for each application case.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Enhancing a Dichotonomous Test Item to Enhance the Assesment of Undergraduates’ Reading Skills

In the pedagogic scenario, teaching, learning and evaluation are interdependent, and the teaching process is clearly established by evaluating system because if a test is not properly designed and planned that may result in harmful impacts on teaching and learning. A test means, in terms of language teaching, focusing on the target language abilities assessed by a measurement instrument designed by an examiner. Ranking, scores or grades of the test show several attributes of testees, strengths and weakness of a test item and washback on language teaching. Thus, the researcher intended to explore the current test item in order to enhance the assessment of language learners’ reading skills in the backdrop of the tertiary level education. The aim of this study is to enhance a dichotomous test item to improve undergraduates’ reading skills, and the basic purpose of this study is to analyse results of the test for making decisions in regards to developing an existing test item in reading skills. This study is based on a quantitative methodology to discover Item Facility (IF), Item Discrimination (ID) and Distractor Efficiency (DE) and descriptive analysis to synthesise and discuss the results of the study to enhance the test item in future assessment. Data were collected by a designed test item to test the reading skills to the first-year ESL learners in a faculty of Business Studies, and the scripts were marked to analyse the results and to develop the existing test item. The results of this study show that the test item: multiple choice questions and true/ false questions need to be developed in order to construct a plausible test item and this study proposed an alternative test item as well.
Investigation of bias in traditional grouping by means of regularization

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Harmonic tidal analysis bases on the presumption that since short records and close frequencies result in an ill-conditioned matrix equation, a record of length T is required to distinguish harmonics with a frequency separation of 1/T (Rayleigh criterion). To achieve stability of the solution, tidal harmonics are grouped. Nevertheless, if any additional information from different harmonics within the assumed groups is present in the data, it cannot be resolved. While the most information in each group is carried by the harmonic with the largest amplitude, time series from other harmonics is properly taken into account in estimated amplitudes and phases. However, if the signal from the next largest harmonic in a group is significantly different from the expectation, the grouping parametrization might lead to an inaccurate estimate of tidal parameters. That might be an issue since harmonics in a group do not have the same admittance factor, or if the assumed relationship between harmonics degree 2 and 3 is false.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The bias caused by grouping tidal harmonics can be investigated with methods used for stabilizing inverse problem solutions. In our study, we abandon the concept of groups. The resulting ill-posedness of the problem is reduced by constraining the model parameters (1) to reference values and (2) to the condition that admittance shall be a smooth function of frequency. The mentioned regularization terms are present in the least-squares objective function, and the trade-off parameter between the model misfit and data residuals is chosen by the L-curve criterion. We demonstrate how this method may be used to reveal system properties hidden by wave grouping in tidal analysis. We also suggest that forcing time series amplitude may be more relevant grouping criterion than solely frequency closeness of harmonics.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Discrepant collaborative training by Sinkhorn divergences

Deep Co-Training algorithms are typically comprised of two distinct and diverse feature extractors that simultaneously attempt to learn task-specific features from the same inputs. Achieving such an objective is, however, not trivial, despite its innocent look. This is because homogeneous networks tend to mimic each other under the collaborative training setup. Keeping this difficulty in mind, we make use of the newly proposed S∈ divergence to encourage diversity between homogeneous networks. The S∈ divergence encapsulates popular measures such as maximum mean discrepancy and the Wasserstein distance under the same umbrella and provides us with a principled, yet simple and straightforward mechanism. Our empirical results in two domains, classification in the presence of noisy labels and semi-supervised image classification, clearly demonstrate the benefits of the proposed framework in learning distinct and diverse features. We show that in these respective settings, we achieve impressive results by a notable margin.