Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
THE CRYPTO MARKET AND ITS PROBLEMS

Blockchain innovation (BT) is necessary to provide a progressive change in viewpoint in the method the exchanges are transmitted in the installments. Blockchain is a recording invention that works with the sharing of information or valuable data in a decentralized and simple method. Blockchain is a decentralized innovation spread across several PCs that controls and records trades. The blockchain is a public ledger of all Bitcoin exchanges that have transpired, tied together in segments called blocks. Blockchain innovation (BT) ensures trust, coordination, association, identification, credibility, and simplicity. In this document, we take blockchain innovations into consideration that have enabled computerized currency and study the digital Bitcoin money application. We focus mainly on most Bitcoin investigations, including protection and dual expenditure. This innovation nowadays covers another aspect, which substitutes current frameworks with various additional features like high accessibility, adaption protection, adapting to internal failure, and cost reduction, with the current customer center framework on several circulating frameworks. After describing how these innovations operate, we have highlighted security, information base, and organization requirements and benefits.
A Non-parametric Estimation for Efficacy of Government Expenditure on Secondary Education

The paper is aimed to analyse the efficacy of government expenditure on secondary education in Purulia district of West- Bengal, India. Efficacy relates the input or the output to the final objectives of the analysis to be achieved, i.e. the outcome. Education facility is mainly a mixed good which is partly excludable and partly rivalry. India has been suffering from poverty and illiteracy problem for decades. Illiteracy and low level of education is a factor for widespread poverty in India. Among the education system, secondary education plays a crucial role to enhance the human development level which ultimately contributes in development process. So, government should give emphasis on secondary education and it should be concerned about the efficacy of the government expenditure on secondary education. As in the present scenario, the structural adjustment policy (SAP) leads to some sort of cut back on expenditure on education. This study first calculates the technical efficiency as well as the scale efficiency of government expenditure on secondary education of school using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), then categorize the schools into low, moderate and high according to the value of technical efficiency and scale efficiency based on three models (i) considering all inputs (Teacher Student Ratio, Expenditure per Student, % of Students belong to SC, % of Students belong to ST, % of Students belong to OBC, % of Teacher with Professional Qualification, Student- Classroom Ratio, % of Girl’s Student Enrolment) (ii) considering prime two inputs (Student-Teacher Ratio and Expenditure per Student) and (iii) considering only one input (Expenditure per Student) and try to find out the reason of differences in efficiency. The common set of schools from High, Moderate and Low efficiency schools considering above said three models are further analysed with the primary data collected from the student sets to analyse whether the school efficiency affect the student’s individual performance or not with the help of regression analysis.
Dompteur: Taming Audio Adversarial Examples

Adversarial examples seem to be inevitable. These specifically crafted inputs allow attackers to arbitrarily manipulate machine learning systems. Even worse, they often seem harmless to human observers. In our digital society, this poses a significant threat. For example, Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems, which serve as hands-free interfaces to many kinds of systems, can be attacked with inputs incomprehensible for human listeners. The research community has unsuccessfully tried several approaches to tackle this problem. In this paper we propose a different perspective: We accept the presence of adversarial examples against ASR systems, but we require them to be perceivable by human listeners. By applying the principles of psychoacoustics, we can remove semantically irrelevant information from the ASR input and train a model that resembles human perception more closely. We implement our idea in a tool named DOMPTEUR and demonstrate that our augmented system, in contrast to an unmodified baseline, successfully focuses on perceptible ranges of the input signal. This change forces adversarial examples into the audible range, while using minimal computational overhead and preserving benign performance. To evaluate our approach, we construct an adaptive attacker that actively tries to avoid our augmentations and demonstrate that adversarial examples from this attacker remain clearly perceivable. Finally, we substantiate our claims by performing a hearing test with crowd-sourced human listeners.
The Impact of Graph Layouts on the Perception of GraphProperties

Graphs are commonly used visualization tools in avariety of fields. Algorithms have been proposed that claim toimprove the readability of graphs by reducing edge crossings,adjusting edge length, or some other means. However, littleresearch has been done to determine which of these algorithms bestsuit human perception for particular graph properties. This thesisexplores four different graph properties: average local clusteringcoefficient (ALCC), global clustering coefficient (GCC), number oftriangles (NT), and diameter. For each of these properties, threedifferent graph layouts are applied to represent three differentapproaches to graph visualization: multidimensional scaling (MDS),force directed (FD), and tsNET. In a series of studies conductedthrough the crowdsourcing platform Amazon Mechanical Turk,participants are tasked with discriminating between two graphs inorder to determine their just noticeable differences (JNDs) for thefour graph properties and three layout algorithm pairs. Theseresults are analyzed using previously established methods presentedby Rensink et al. and Kay and Heer.The average JNDs are analyzedusing a linear model that determines whether the property-layoutpair seems to follow Weber's Law, and the individual JNDs are runthrough a log-linear model to determine whether it is possible tomodel the individual variance of the participant's JNDs. The modelsare evaluated using the R2 score to determine if they adequatelyexplain the data and compared using the Mann-Whitney pairwiseU-test to determine whether the layout has a significant effect onthe perception of the graph property. These tests indicate that thedata collected in the studies can not always be modelled well witheither the linear model or log-linear model, which suggests thatsome properties may not follow Weber's Law. Additionally, thelayout algorithm is not found to have a significant impact on theperception of some of these properties.
Relationship anonymity evaluation model based on Markov chain

In this paper, we propose a relational anonymous P2P communication network evaluation model based on Markov chain (AEMC), and show how to extend our model to the anonymous evaluation of sender and receiver relationship anonymity when the attacker attacks the anonymous P2P communication network and obtains some information. Firstly, the constraints of the evaluation model (the attacker assumption for message tracing) are specified in detail; then the construction of AEMC anonymous evaluation model and the specific evaluation process are described; finally, the simulation experiment is carried out, and the evaluation model is applied to the probabilistic anonymous evaluation of the sender and receiver relationship of the attacker model, and the evaluation is carried out from the perspective of user (message).
Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Employees’ Workplace Satisfaction in Private Sector, Kuwait

According to leadership literature, existing transformational leadership approaches are associated with various degrees of work satisfaction. Numerous studies have demonstrated that transformative leadership is associated with increased work satisfaction. With reference to the present Kuwaiti business environment, the study's general objective was to examine the link between transformational leadership styles and workers' levels of workplace satisfaction in the Kuwaiti private sector. To fulfill the research's aims, a quantitative investigation was undertaken. Questionnaires were distributed to chosen members of the Kuwait private sector's target population. The data were analyzed using statistical software tools. The study's findings indicate statistically significant associations between overall transactional leadership and work satisfaction.  This study is one of the few that focuses only on the Kuwaiti private sector in order to contribute to a better knowledge of how to manage and retain private sector personnel. These findings are also beneficial for the private sector in the Gulf area in terms of balancing work and life obligations, which results in positive in-role performance.
Information Hiding in Still Image Based on Variable Steganography Technique to Achieve High Imperceptibility

Information hiding is considered an essential and important process at the present time due to technological development, advancement and complexity of algorithms. Steganography is the art of hiding confidential data and messages in multiple media, such image. Steganography is the process of embedding the secret message in trusted image in a hidden manner included with stego key and then sending it to the receiving party who extracts the secret message with the help of the information in stego key and retrieves the original image. In proposed method we contribute of using variable contrast area within image pixels to achieve variable embedding to hide secret message in image. Two types of images used to hide information greyscale and color image each with different resolution. Images used to take from standard dataset for better evaluation and benchmarking our results with existing methods. Two main criteria suggested in proposed method Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak to-Signal Ratio (PSNR) for evaluation steganography issues. Worthy of the proposed method proved by achieving better results in term of PSNR (imperceptibility) around 93 dB and this consider high result when comparing with existing studies.
The use of Picture series on Instagram to improve students’ writing in EFL Writing class

Instagram has been used as the medium to upload photos, e.g. picture series. The current research was intended to find out I) whether picture series on Instagram could facilitate students to improve their writing achievement, II) students' perceptions of the use of picture series. The design of the research was mixed quantitative and qualitative approaches. The subjects of the research were 31 students of the first grade of SMA Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung. The data were collected through the writing tests (pre and post-tests) and questionnaires. The results showed that (i) there was a statistically significant improvement of the students’ writing achievement after the students were taught using picture series on Instagram with the significant 0.05. (ii) There were positive perceptions of the use of picture series on Instagram. This suggests that picture series on Instagram facilitates students to improve students’ writing achievement. Keywords: Picture Series , Instagram , writing achievement, EFL Class.
Is the eye-movement field confused about fixations and saccades? : A survey among 124 researchers

Eye movements have been extensively studied in a wide range of research fields. While new methods such as mobile eye tracking and eye tracking in virtual/augmented realities are emerging quickly, the eye-movement terminology has scarcely been revised. We assert that this may cause confusion about two of the main concepts: fixations and saccades. In this study, we assessed the definitions of fixations and saccades held in the eye-movement field, by surveying 124 eye-movement researchers. These eye-movement researchers held a variety of definitions of fixations and saccades, of which the breadth seems even wider than what is reported in the literature. Moreover, these definitions did not seem to be related to researcher background or experience. We urge researchers to make their definitions more explicit by specifying all the relevant components of the eye movement under investigation: (i) the oculomotor component: e.g. whether the eye moves slow or fast; (ii) the functional component: what purposes does the eye movement (or lack thereof) serve; (iii) the coordinate system used: relative to what does the eye move; (iv) the computational definition: how is the event represented in the eye-tracker signal. This should enable eye-movement researchers from different fields to have a discussion without misunderstandings.
Creative competence in the educational activity of a day-to-day teacher

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the teacher's professionalism, namely, creative competence, which is understood as the ability to create new professional products and high performance results through the implementation of the creative abilities of the individual. The approaches to pedagogical activity as a creative process are analyzed. It is noted that the question of the structure and qualitative characteristics of the teacher's creative competence as a system of changes is still debatable.
Reducing explicit word vectors dimensions using BPSO-based labeling algorithm and voting method

Interpretability of word vector components is very important for obtaining conceptual relations. Word vectors derived from counting models are interpretable but suffer from the high-dimensionality problem. Our goal in this study is to obtain interpretable low-dimensional word vectors in such a way that the least accuracy loss occurs. To achieve this goal, we propose an approach to reduce the dimensions of word vectors using a labeling method based on the BPSO algorithm and a voting method for selecting final context words. In this approach, we define several different base models to solve the labeling problem using different data and different objective functions. Then, we train each base model and select 3 of the best solutions for each model. We create the target word vectors of the dictionary based on the context words labeled 1. Next, we use the three best solutions of each base model to build the ensemble. After creating the ensemble, we use the voting method to assign the final label to the primary context words and select N final context words. In this study, we use the corpus ukWaC to construct word vectors. We evaluate the resulting word vectors on the MEN, RG-65, and SimLex-999 test sets. The evaluation results show that by reducing the word vectors dimensions from 5000 to 1507, the Spearman correlation coefficient of the proposed approach has been reduced to a lesser extent compared to each base model. Therefore, the accuracy drop of the proposed approach is justified after reducing the dimensions from 5000 to 1507. It is not a large penalty because the resulting word vectors are low-dimensional and interpretable.
Assessment of the Change of a Continuous Variable as a Function of its Initial Value

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Compulsory Mooting: Redesigning Blended Learning to e-Mooting in Moving Towards a Paperless Assessment Method with a Total Usage of Technologies

Currently, mooting is a compulsory subject in most universities or law schools in most countries. Moot is the argument of the legal issues raised by a hypothetical case that takes place in the imaginary setting of the court of law. It is a course that challenges the students on their understanding and application of lawsthrough writing and oral presentation skills. Electronic mooting is beneficial since students and the judges can interact without the constraint of time and geographical location, it is cost-saving and flexible. This paper discusses traditional mooting courses, blended learning, and online mooting. The discussion is limited toMultimedia University (MMU). In MMU, 70% of the process involving compulsory mooting is done through blended learning. In conducting this research, some of the students have submitted their bundle of documents online. This paper aims to look at respond of the students whether this subject should be conducted online. Quantitative and qualitative research methods are adopted in preparing this paper. The result showed that the majority of the respondents supported the idea for e-mooting.
Decentralization, privacy and performance for DNS

The Domain Name System (DNS) is both key determinant of a users' quality of experience (QoE) and privy to their tastes, preferences, and even the devices they own. Growing concern about user privacy and QoE has brought a number of alternative DNS techniques and services, from public DNS to encrypted and oblivious DNS. Today, a user choosing among these services and its few providers is forced to prioritize -- aware of it or not -- between web performance, privacy, reliability, and the potential for a centralized market and its consequences. We present Ónoma, a DNS resolver that addresses the concerns about DNS centralization without sacrificing privacy or QoE by sharding requests across alternative DNS services, placing these services in competition with each other, and pushing resolution to the network edge. Our preliminary evaluation shows the potential benefits of this approach across locales, with different DNS services, content providers, and content distribution networks.
Multi-photon Fock-state generation via climbing the Fock ladder

We demonstrate the enhanced generation of Fock-states with up to three photons using a parametric down-conversion source that combines time-multiplexing and quan-tum feedback and outperforms conventional state generation methods.
Students’ Needs Analysis for the Development of Electronic Descriptive Reading Materials for Hotel Accommodation Program in VHS

Abstract. In this 21st century, students who are millennials are very accustomed to using electronic media in their daily lives, therefore electronic media, such as; smartphones, laptops, computers, and many others, have taken a central role in students' daily learning activities. This study aimed to obtain information about the needs of Vocational High School students in the field of reading English based on the use of media electronic learning. This study was qualitative and quantitative study in learning materials. In order to collect data for this study, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used. The questionnaires were distributed to 33 tenth grade students from SMKN 3 Palembang's hotel accommodation study program. The semi-structured interview was conducted with the tenth Grade-English teacher. The results showed that: 1) most of the students feel motivated when learning use the media electronic, 2) the specific aspects related to the hospitality sector that need to be combined into English reading text materials are descriptions of the jobs they will do later after graduating from the school so that they can increase their knowledge and expertise by their majors. The results of this study concluded that hotel accommodation students need electronic descriptive reading materials in learning activities. Therefore, this study is also used as the preliminary study in developing the electronic descriptive reading materials for hotel accommodation program of VHS.Keywords: Needs Analysis, Hotel Accommodation, Electronic Learning, Descriptive Text, and VHS.
Designing toxic content classification for a diversity of perspectives

In this work, we demonstrate how existing classifiers for identifying toxic comments online fail to generalize to the diverse concerns of Internet users. We survey 17,280 participants to understand how user expectations for what constitutes toxic content differ across demographics, beliefs, and personal experiences. We find that groups historically at-risk of harassment - such as people who identify as LGBTQ+ or young adults - are more likely to to flag a random comment drawn from Reddit, Twitter, or 4chan as toxic, as are people who have personally experienced harassment in the past. Based on our findings, we show how current one-size-fits-all toxicity classification algorithms, like the Perspective API from Jigsaw, can improve in accuracy by 86% on average through personalized model tuning. Ultimately, we highlight current pitfalls and new design directions that can improve the equity and efficacy of toxic content classifiers for all users.
Model of Library Management and Service in Islamic Educational Institutions: “Kebun Buku” Library as Best Practice

This study aims to describe and explain the management model and services of the school library, as well as what factors are the support and obstacles in the management and services of the library. The research was conducted at the library of SMANU 1 Gresik. A qualitative approach is used in this research and its type is a case study. Data collection was carried out by interview, observation and documentation. The data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and verification. Meanwhile, related to testing the validity of the data, researchers used the triangulation technique of data sources. The results of this study indicate that: Firstly, library management at SMANU 1 Gresik is carried out in several aspects, including: human resources, place resources (infrastructure), library material sources (references), and time resources. Secondly, the services provided by the library to customers or users include: circulation services, reference services, documentation services, learning guidance services (literacy), storytelling services, subject teacher consultation services, and services to Public. Thirdly, the supporting factors for library management and services are the support from the leadership (school principal) and adequate library facilities. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are the budget, which has been increased again, and the human resources (users) of services who are still less disciplined. The research results are expected to be examples of best practices for educational institutions, especially Islamic educational institutions.Keywords: library management, library services, kebun buku library.
A close scrutiny of dApps and developing an e-voting dApp using Ethereum Blockchain

In the expeditiously advancing technological world, with the advent of IoT and big data, every day new people and devices which store highly sensitive personal data are getting connected. For instance, your Google home is listening to you and collecting data, your Facebook knows a lot about you; Amazon's Alexa gets to know our everyday wants. This implies that our data is used to spy on us for advertising purposes, hence these siren servers make the overall profit off us. This paper throws light on developing a dApp (decentralised application) that could be used in a voting system. Everything around us is digitising which does not mean we are moving towards a safe and secured scheme, thus the revolutionary Blockchain technology is used to deploy an e-voting system (Giorgino, 2018) and this is done using the Ethereum Blockchain (Wang et al., 2018).