Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS OF QUALIFICATION IMPROVEMENT FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN WESTERN REGIONS OF UKRAINE (1970s-1980s)

This article addresses the issue of postgraduate education for teachers in its historical development in the western regions of Ukraine. Despite the challenging conditions for the development of Ukrainian pedagogical education during wartime, the problems of quality training and retraining for primary school teachers remain relevant. Pedagogical education is the strong foundation on which all educational reforms, including the New Ukrainian School, are based. For Ukraine, which is evolving in the context of European educational processes, the issue of continuous pedagogical education (lifelong learning) is crucial. Ukrainian educational theory and practice have accumulated certain experience in the development of postgraduate education, particularly in the western region of Ukraine in the 20th century (Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil, Chernivtsi, Lviv, Zakarpattia, Rivne, Volyn regions). Continuous pedagogical education for primary school teachers in the western regions of Ukraine in the 1970s-1980s was provided by regional institutes for teacher improvement. The development of the postgraduate education system was based on relevant legislation. In addition to traditional forms of qualification improvement (courses for primary school teachers), various lectures, seminars, conferences, elective and practical classes, individual and group consultations, exams, excursions, and organizing teaching practice in the best schools in each region were conducted. Technical teaching aids and computers were actively used, along with role-playing and business games, lesson simulations, and more. This organizational work was particularly intensified after the educational reform in 1985. Special attention was given to the promotion of advanced pedagogical experience, which was studied, disseminated, and contributed to the professional development and self-education of teachers. Still relevant and requiring separate additional research is, for example, the experience of Yavoriv Secondary School (headed by the pedagogical innovator P. Losyuk) and the experience of Serednoberezhivska Secondary School (headed by the pedagogical innovator V. Bilavych) in the Kosiv district of Ivano-Frankivsk region, which researchers during the studied period considered as an important organizational form of postgraduate education for teachers.
SPEECH DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNGER SCHOOL STUDENTS USING CHILDREN’S LITERATURE AND DIGITAL TOOLS

The article theoretically elaborates on the problem of speech development of younger school students and offers an effective model of its solution in the practice of the New Ukrainian School (NUS) by means of children’s literature and digital tools. It is noted that the main task of students’ development is to master speaking skills as a means of communication, cognition, and expression of feelings. Analysing and discussing what has been read, comprehending children’s literature texts, and expressing their own opinions and assessments are the key to the active oral and written monologic and dialogic speech of schoolchildren. In modern educational realities, these aspects significantly enhance digital tools that are used as means of visualisation, analysis, systematisation, and discussion of what has been read, organisation of communicative and interactive cooperation between students. The proposed and tested methodological model of speaking skills development of primary school students is based on the systematic and purposeful use of, firstly, a literary text and its analysis for the development of students’ monologic and dialogic speech, and, secondly, digital resources. This is demonstrated by the example of the methodological development of a fragment of a literary reading lesson for the 3rd grade on the topic «Oleksandr Dermanskyi «Biliachok»». Interactive exercises «Cluster», «Six thinking hats», tasks and games created in the LearningApps online service, as well as mind maps, and interactive posters, the content of which is based on the analysis of the read work, not only motivate students to active communication, presentation, and evaluation of information but also make the learning process interesting, exciting, modern, well visualised. Thus, the synthesis of children’s literature and digital tools as a means of developing speech of younger school students is an effective methodological model for solving the problem.
PEDAGOGICAL HARMONY AND DYNAMICS OF APPLICATION OF FORMS, METHODS, AND MEANS OF TEACHING STUDENTS

Actual research of teachers and scientists of different countries in the field of pedagogical harmony has been analyzed, the issues of interaction between the teacher and the student, the formation of positive relationships in the classroom, special aspects of creating a favorable learning environment have been considered. Pedagogical support for the preparation of the future specialist engaged in pedagogical activities for harmonious interaction with the student has been theoretically substantiated and implemented. The issue of dynamics of modification of methods, forms, means of training, which help to create satisfaction with the educational process for both the student and the teacher, has been considered. Definitions and conditions of pedagogical harmony have been formulated, which consist in aligning the organization of education and target settings, comparing the content, forms, methods of teaching, transforming them into expressive means of the pedagogical process, which are aimed at creating satisfaction of students from a sense of harmony in the learning process and cognition of the surrounding world. It is proposed to assess the degree of harmony of the educational process one of the following levels: high, medium and low. The classification and requirements for the levels of harmoniousness of the educational process are given. Some types of learning motives and subgroups of methods used to form these motives are considered. It is shown that knowledge of forms and methods of teaching, pedagogical intuition and pedagogical tact of the teacher help to create a harmonious educational situation. The solution of the problem of determining the correspondence of the formed level of knowledge of the student, the applied forms, methods, means of teaching and the achieved level of harmony of the pedagogical process is proposed. The types of lessons are considered and the dynamics of the use of certain forms, methods and means of education, the use of which in its selection generates pedagogical harmony, are traced.
Virtual Reality: Review

Recant years have witnessed considerable progrеss in Virtual Rеality (VR) technology, influencing divers’ areas along with gaming, hеalthcarе, and еducation. Wе providе an ovеrviеw of thе prеsеnt reputation of VR tеchnology, its usеs, and thе obstaclеs it еncountеrs Furthеrmorе, on a daily basis, we explore the effects VR has on a person's mind and body individuals. Our findings suggеst that dеspitе VR’s еnormous potеntial, thеrе arе considеrablе challеngеs to addrеss, which include movement sicknеss, high еxpеnsеs, and issuеs of accеssibility. However, with continued research and innovation, VR is on the verge of disruption and will reshape the way we interact with digital spaces.
Dynamic Load Balancing in Cloud Computing: A Convergence of PSO, GSA, and Fuzzy Logic within a Hybridized Metaheuristic Framework

In the recent era, there has been a significant surge in the demand for cloud computing due to its versatile applications in real-time situations. Cloud computing efficiently tackles extensive computing challenges, providing a cost-effective and energy-efficient solution for cloud service providers (CSPs). However, the surge in task requests has led to an overload on cloud servers, resulting in performance degradation. To address this problem, load balancing has emerged as a favorable approach, wherein incoming tasks are allocated to the most appropriate virtual machine (VM) according to their specific needs. However, finding the optimal VM poses a challenge as it is considered a difficult problem known as NP-hard. To address this challenge, current research has widely adopted meta-heuristic approaches for solving NP-hard problems. This research introduces a novel hybrid optimization approach, integrating the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to handle optimization, the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) to improve the search process, and leveraging fuzzy logic to create an effective rule for selecting virtual machines (VMs) efficiently. The integration of PSO and GSA results in a streamlined process for updating particle velocity and position, while the utilization of fuzzy logic assists in discerning the optimal solution for individual tasks. We assess the efficacy of our suggested method by gauging its performance through various metrics, including throughput, makespan, and execution time. In terms of performance, the suggested method demonstrates commendable performance, with average load, turnaround time, and response time measuring at 0.168, 18.20 milliseconds, and 11.26 milliseconds, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed method achieves an average makespan of 92.5 milliseconds and average throughput performance of 85.75. The performance of the intended method is improved by 90.5%, 64.9%, 36.11%, 24.72%, 18.27%, 11.36%, and 5.21 in comparison to the existing techniques. The results demonstrate the efficacy of this approach through significant improvements in execution time, CPU utilization, makespan, and throughput, providing a valuable contribution to the field of cloud computing load balancing.
Quantum computing and its revolutionary potential

The rapid emergence of quantum computing offers the potential to revolutionize numerous domains, promising computational advantages over classical counterparts. This study aimed to evaluate the performance, efficiency, and robustness of selected quantum algorithmsQuantum Variational Eigensolver (VQE), Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT), and Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE)on near-term quantum devices. Our benchmarking revealed that, despite promising theoretical benefits, the practical deployment of these algorithms remains challenged by noise, error rates, and hardware limitations. The VQE showed promise in molecular modeling, while the utility of QFT and QPE in cryptography and optimization became evident. Nevertheless, their practical efficiency is contingent upon specific quantum hardware and employed error mitigation techniques. The findings underscore the transformative potential of quantum computing, but also emphasize the ongoing challenges that need addressing to make quantum computing practically advantageous.
Investigating the Impact of Artificial Intelligence AI and Technology in English Language Learning

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and technology in English Language Learning (ELL) is revolutionizing education. This research explores the impact of AI and technology on English language learners at Quest University, Nawabshah. Through a quantitative approach and an online questionnaire, the Researcher delves into students' perceptions and experiences. Technology, encompassing computers, smartphones, tablets, and AI-powered chat bots, plays a pivotal role. The majority of students find technology-enhanced learning engaging and enjoyable, making it easier to practice English outside the classroom. AI-powered tools receive acclaim for increasing motivation, proficiency, and preference over traditional methods. However, the enjoyment of AI chat bots remains diverse.
Federated Learning; Privacy Preserving Machine Learning for Decentralized Data

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Federated learning represents a compelling solution for tackling the privacy challenges inherent in decentralized and distributed environments when it comes to machine learning. This scholarly paper delves deep into the realm of federated learning, encompassing its applications and the latest privacy-preserving techniques used for training machine learning models in a decentralized manner. We explore the reasons behind the adoption of federated learning, highlight its advantages over conventional centralized approaches, and examine the diverse methods employed to safeguard privacy within this framework. Furthermore, we scrutinize the current obstacles, unresolved research queries, and the prospective directions within this rapidly developing field&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;
Adobe Cyber Attack: Vulnerabilities, Impacts and Lessons Learned

This paper presents the findings of a comprehensive study on the notorious 2013 cyberattack targeting Adobe. Its primary objective is to unravel the impact, aftermath, and the invaluable lessons derived from this incident within the domain of cybersecurity. The study delves deep into the attack methodologies, the nature of compromised data, and Adobe's response strategies.
Application of Internet of Things

Today, there is a tremendous push towards modern technology throughout the world. Specialized companies, on the other hand, are experiencing a terrifying rush towards the Internet of objects, or the Internet of things, in information technology. This refers to the process of connecting objects to the Internet by installing hardware or software that gives them the intelligence to interact with one another and efficiently take part in all facets of daily life. To achieve their full potential, however, a number of obstacles and problems still need to be resolved, and they must be seen from a variety of angles. This review study's main objective is to give the reader a comprehensive analysis from a technological and sociological perspective.
Evaluasi Penggunaan E-Learning dalam Pendidikan Ekonomi: Tinjauan Studi Literatur

Abstract: This literature review aims to explore the influence of learning motivation on academic achievement in the subject of economics. Based on previous literature and research, learning motivation is considered an important factor in improving student academic performance. The Self-Determination theory, which emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation in improving academic performance, is also the theoretical foundation of this literature review. The research method used is a literature study by collecting and analyzing articles, journals, and books related to the influence of learning motivation on academic achievement in the subject of economics. The results of the literature review indicate that learning motivation has a significant influence on academic achievement in the subject of economics. The higher the student's learning motivation, the higher their academic performance in the subject of economics. Therefore, there is a need to make efforts to improve students' learning motivation in the subject of economics by considering factors that influence learning motivation, such as teaching methods, teacher quality, learning environment, and personal factors of students.
Analysis of the Distribution of English Test Scores in the Vietnamese National High School Graduation Examination in 2023

English has become the global language and plays an important role in order for people to communicate and fit into the real world. Learning English at high schools in Vietnam has become a necessary need of students. The aim of this paper is to analyse the distribution of English test scores in the Vietnamese National High School Graduation Examination in 2023. English test scores were first collected from 876,102 examinees and used for the analysis. The distribution of English test scores in 2023 was then identified using statistical analysis (histogram and descriptive statistics). It was found that the distribution of English test scores in the Vietnamese high school graduation examinations in 2023 was skewed to the right. Over 392,000 examinees accounting for 44.8% of the examinees, scored below 5 in which a total of 494 examinees had a perfect score of 10. A large number of examinees having scores of from 6.0 to 9.0 was also identified. English scored lowest among Vietnam's high school graduation examination subjects. Findings in this study suggest that, generally, the English tests in 2023 were suitable for the goal of graduation recognition. Keywords: Distribution, English test scores, High school graduation examination, Vietnam.
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ SPEECH ABILITY AND DIFFICULTIES IN PUBLIC SPEAKING

Public speaking is an art of speaking in public or about a certain matter or topic orally with the goal of influencing, inviting, educating, changing opinions, giving explanations and providing information. The purpose of this research is to find out the students’ ability in speech material and to explain kinds of the factors that influence the students’ speech difficulties in public speaking. In this study, the researcher used Descriptive qualitative research method design. The kind of this research was gathered through instruments of the research: observation sheet to determine types of speech and method of speech will be used while giving a speech, interview students’ difficulties and documentation. The researcher obtained the students’ ability were 71% for the fourth semester students and 70, 5% for the sixth semester students who interest in English speech. The researcher found the students’ difficulties in Public Speaking, based on the interview questions that have been answered based on the factors are Pronunciation, Grammar, and Fluently, another difficulties are lack of self-confidence and not mastering the materials.&#x0D; &#x0D; Key words: Analysis, Speech, Ability, Difficulties, Public Speaking&#x0D;
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD ENGLISH TEACHER AS PERCEIVED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NURUL JIHAD TEMBILAHAN HULU

This study aims to find the characteristics of a good English teacher. The aim is to find out students' perceptions of a good English teacher in terms of technical knowledge, pedagogic skills, interpersonal skills and personal qualities. This research includes descriptive research. Data was taken by observation, interviews and then analyzed qualitatively using a questionnaire. The findings of this study indicate that the characteristics of good teachers with respect to technical knowledge are mastering English, understanding teaching methods, being able to teach clearly, understanding students' abilities, and understanding teaching methods. The characteristics of a good English teacher with respect to interpersonal skills are teachers who are relaxed, humorous, cooperative, and able to win over students. The characteristics of a good teacher in terms of pedagogy are teachers who have teaching skills, use interesting media and a variety of techniques, are creative and innovative in designing material, understand students' needs, motivate students to be enthusiastic about learning English. The characteristics of a good English teacher with respect to personal qualities are a good figure, kind hearted and obedient to worship, discipline, patience, having good habits, attitudes and behavior, always maintaining quality and enthusiasm in teaching. The results of the in-depth open questionnaire show that students' perceptions of the characteristics of a good English teacher are very tedious and cognitive.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES IN STORYTELLING WITH THEIR INTEREST IN SPEAKING AT GRADE IX OF SMP N 3 TEMBILAHAN

Students’ interest is one of the psychological problems. Interest has an important role in successful learning. The students’ interest will make the students active and pay more attention in speaking learning process. Interest will be forced the students to learn and practice it. The purpose of these research is to identify if there is correlation between students’ Activities in Storytelling with their Interest in speaking and to identify how the correlation between students’ activities in storytelling with their interest in speaking at grade IX of SMPN 3 Tembilahan. In selecting a sample, the researcher used “Cluster Random Sampling” by choosing one classes. This research method is a quantitative descriptive method. Based on the score of product moment by using SPSS window program, rxy is (0,99), it shows there is Very High correlation between students’ activities in Storytelling with their Interest in speaking. Alternative hypothesis rxy in the significant 5% rtable is accepted, because rxy =0,99 is higher than rtable =0,35, so there is correlation between students’ activities in Storytelling with their Interest in speaking. There is an intervening variable that makes the correlation is Very High. It comes from the Preparation before perform Storytelling. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that there is Very High significant correlation between students’ activities in Storytelling with their Interest in speaking.
Perangcangan Sistem Informasi Film Berbasis WEB

WEB-Based Film Information System was created to facilitate the storage of film data. The purpose of this research is to develop an information system for storing films that are owned easily and efficiently in managing film types, genres and types. The development of an increasingly advanced modern market can be seen from the large number of films that continue to be released and the number of people watching films and choosing the desired film title. The purpose of this research is to produce a data processing that will be processed into information to improve the selection of films in the database. This system is made using the PHP programming language (Hypertext Preprocessor) and uses a MySQL database.
Your Smiling Face is Impolite to Me: A Study of the Smiling Face Emoji in Chinese Computer-Mediated Communication

This paper explores whether and in what situation the smiling face emoji will influence the interpretation of an utterance in a virtual context. The researchers drew examples from daily WeChat communication and posted them to participants in the experiment. Experimental studies found that the smiling face emoji decreases the politeness of an utterance but does not mitigate the illocutionary force of an impolite utterance. Further studies demonstrate that the interpretation is related to two features of WeChat: the interactant’s identity (age) and the situation of communication. For one thing, utterances with smiling face emoji may be interpreted as disrespectful by younger Chinese rather than the older. For another, the smiling face emoji is always interpreted as impolite when the utterances are related to the interactants’ feelings. We also infer from the findings that older people might respect the feelings of the addresser more than younger people in WeChat communication. This paper will help avoid miscommunication and contribute to understanding the socio-cultural features of interpersonal interaction in a virtual context.
Conceptual Framework for Representing Knowledge in the Energy Sector

This paper aims to contribute to the harmonization and representation of semantic data models used in future energy management systems. In order to support interoperability and maintain data coherence, it is crucial to interpret exchanged information consistently and accurately. Common semantic data models play a vital role in acquiring semantic knowledge and addressing the challenge of semantic interoperability. These models enable effective interoperation between heterogeneous systems in terms of both data and services. This paper focuses on our experience in the Platoon H2020 EU project and its seven pilots. Within this context, we provide background information on data models, present an overview of existing semantic data models, describe the proposed methodology for this task, and provide a detailed account of each step in the methodology. The modeling process was conducted in two phases: the first phase involved scenario descriptions, while the second phase utilized datasets from various pilots.