Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Experience of Studying Vessel Forms of the Nikolayevskiy Burial Ground of the Bronze Age Using the ‘Envelope’ and Geometric Morphometry Methods

The article considers the possibilities of the ‘envelope’ and geometric morphometry methods exemplified by the analysis of 47 whole forms of vessels from the Nikolayevskiy burial ground of Srubnaya culture from Bashkir Fore-Urals. Purpose. The purpose of this work is to reveal the morphological characteristics of the ceramic complex of the necropolis with the isolation of the reference forms of vessels using the ‘envelope’ method and methods of geometric morphometry. Consideration of their possibilities will allow for the further construction of a general typology of the vessels of Srubnaya culture of the Urals. The authors are convinced that only the publication of the results of the study of the morphology of the vessels of individual complexes, processed according to a unified technique, will make it possible to proceed with the study of ceramics of the Late Bronze Age cultures of the entire Southern Urals. The use of the ‘envelope’ method proposed by Clive Orton made it possible to highlight the leading forms of the considered collection. The obtained classification scheme includes six groups of pot-shaped vessels and four groups of jar-shaped vessels. Results. The results of the principal component analysis allow for the conclusion that the majority of the sample vessels are similar to each other in general proportions. A small group of vessels of Srubnaya culture low in heigh and a number of vessels with a foreign cultural component, in particular those with features characteristic of Alakul culture, stand out from the rest. There is no clear connection between the distribution of pottery groups among burials and mounds. Only two points stand out. The finds of vessels of the first group of pots prevail in the embankment of mound 1, while pots of the second group appear only in burials of mounds 3 and 5. In mound 3, the finds of these vessels are concentrated in the burials of the northwestern sector, which probably reflects a certain stage in the functioning of the burial ground. Conclusion. The studied variations of pot forms in the analyzed collection, the presence of vessels with the so-called early-Srubnaya signs, and their mutual occurrence with the vessels of the Srubno-Alakul appearance, reflect the processes of the influence of the Alakul pottery stereotypes on the dominant Srubnaya component of the Urals.
Financial literacy of university students as a key factor of increasing their economic independence

The article discusses the concept of a student's financial literacy, presents the results of self-assessment by students of their financial literacy, analyzes the qualities and competencies that characterize the financial literacy of a student, assesses the level of student's knowledge in the field of financial literacy, considers the influence of the student's environment on the formation of financial literacy.
HTTP SECURITY HEADERS

Nowadays security becomes more important than the content and the SEO of a web application. Due to a lack of protection, the number of attacked websites augments in the past few years. In most of the cases, developers are either uninformed or unqualified to implement security during the application development, which causes a huge amount of data flaws.Supporting the developers and easily managing the workflow, some organizations have developed different kind of guidelines for security integration. Such guide helps handling the security from the outset of the development process, which influence over the protection of the entire application. The one used in this article is a project developed by Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) Foundation named OWASP Secure Headers Project. Its aim is to show the developers the balance between usability and security implemented through http headers. By giving general data and examples of HTTP response headers usability it is a platform which help increasing the security of the application.In this article, we explain the necessity of HTTP Security Headers and how they can help in preventing a cyber invasion in our web application! We will give details on the most important HTTP headers and will retrieve a basic information for some with a lower need. We will give examples for their implementation in one ASP.NET web application to provide more descriptive perspective of their use!In the recent years, browsers have integrated certain security header controls to support the web application security. Those headers give instructions to the browser how to behave when handling sensitive content and data of the application. If developers enable them in the application, browser will prevent attacks automatically. But not all browsers support them, which brings a compatibility question: what are the alternatives in a case of deprecated header on a specific browser.As a part of the research we will provide an analyze of the use of the HTTP headers in some of the most common sites used in Bulgaria with the help of ALEXA Top 1 Million sites. There have already been developed a lot of applications to show if a certain website has HTTP security headers implemented. Most of them are freely to use and gives detailed information on what was done and what should be done in case that specific layer of security is missing from the web application.The need of security in the web applications become more and more necessary. Along with other security implementations on a programming and on a server level the ones described in the article bring another layer of security management that mitigates certain types of cyberattacks and vulnerabilities.
Sample Reduction for Physiological Data Analysis Using Principal Component Analysis in Artificial Neural Network

With its potential, extensive data analysis is a vital part of biomedical applications and of medical practitioner interpretations, as data analysis ensures the integrity of multidimensional datasets and improves classification accuracy; however, with machine learning, the integrity of the sources is compromised when the acquired data pose a significant threat in diagnosing and analysing such information, such as by including noisy and biased samples in the multidimensional datasets. Removing noisy samples in dirty datasets is integral to and crucial in biomedical applications, such as the classification and prediction problems using artificial neural networks (ANNs) in the body’s physiological signal analysis. In this study, we developed a methodology to identify and remove noisy data from a dataset before addressing the classification problem of an artificial neural network (ANN) by proposing the use of the principal component analysis–sample reduction process (PCA–SRP) to improve its performance as a data-cleaning agent. We first discuss the theoretical background to this data-cleansing methodology in the classification problem of an artificial neural network (ANN). Then, we discuss how the PCA is used in data-cleansing techniques through a sample reduction process (SRP) using various publicly available biomedical datasets with different samples and feature sizes. Lastly, the cleaned datasets were tested through the following: PCA–SRP in ANN accuracy comparison testing, sensitivity vs. specificity testing, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve testing, and accuracy vs. additional random sample testing. The results show a significant improvement in the classification of ANNs using the developed methodology and suggested a recommended range of selectivity (Sc) factors for typical cleaning and ANN applications. Our approach successfully cleaned the noisy biomedical multidimensional datasets and yielded up to an 8% increase in accuracy with the aid of the Python language.
KatGCN: Knowledge-Aware Attention based Temporal Graph Convolutional Network for Multi-Event Prediction

Social events are due to gradually changing relations between entities including citizens, organizations, and national governments.Predicting multiple co-occurring events of different types in the future can help analysts understand social dynamics better and make quick and accurate decisions in advance.However, due to the overlook of the knowledge (e.g., event actors and different relations between them), existing methods are insufficient to model the structural and temporal dependence of events with different types simultaneously to better realize the prediction of future multiple co-occurring events.In the paper, we propose a novel Knowledge-aware attention based temporal Graph Convolutional Network (KatGCN) for predicting multiple co-occurring events of different types.We model social events as temporal event graph and extract static features (e.g., event background, topic keywords) from event content to enhance semantic of event graph.We design knowledge-aware attention based graph aggregation method to capture the structure dependence of co-occurring events with different types.We apply temporal encoding to capture the temporal dependence between temporally adjacent events.Empirical results on five-country datasets show that KatGCN outperforms state-of-the-art methods.Further studies verify the effectiveness and interpretability of our model.
INDIAN SIGN LANGUAGE TO TEXT CONVERSION IN REAL-TIME USING MACHINE LEARNING

INDIAN SIGN LANGUAGE TO TEXT CONVERSION IN REAL-TIME USING MACHINE LEARNING
DEVELOPING AN E-FLIPBOOK ON ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE TOPICS TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ DIGITAL LITERACY

PENGEMBANGAN E-FLIPBOOK MATERI PERUBAHAN LINGKUNGAN UNTUK MELATIHKAN LITERASI DIGITALAbstractDigital literacy is one of the abilities that students need to master in the 21st century. Therefore, this study aims to produce an e-flipbook of environmental change topics to train digital literacy, which is valid, practical, and effective. As a developmental study, it refers to a 4-D model, without a dissemination phase. The material validity was measured based on the validation by material, educational, and information-technology experts. Furthermore, the e-flipbook practicality was measured based on the practitioners and student responses. Also, the effectiveness was measured according to students' digital literacy based on normalized gain score, and the data were descriptive-quantitatively analyzed. The results showed the developed e-flipbook was declared valid based on the eligibility criteria for design, content, and language. Furthermore, it was stated to be practical according to the responses of practitioners and students with the acquisition of very practical and good categories. The e-flipbook was also declared effective with the acquisition of an average score of increasing digital student literacy by 0.7 in the high category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the e-flipbook on environmental change topic is valid, practical, and effective in learning digital literacy. AbstrakLiterasi digital merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang harus dikuasai peserta didik di abad ke-21. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan e-flipbook materi perubahan lingkungan untuk melatihkan literasi digital kelas X SMA yang layak digunakan, yaitu e-flipbook yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pengembangan yang mengadaptasi model 4-D namun tahap penyebaran tidak dilakukan. Validitas e-flipbook diukur berdasarkan validasi ahli materi, ahli pendidikan, dan ahli IT. Kepraktisan e-flipbook ditinjau berdasarkan respons praktisi dan respons siswa. Keefektifan e-flipbook diukur berdasarkan tes literasi digital peserta didik berdasarkan gain score ternormalisasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa e-flipbook yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat valid berdasarkan kriteria kelayakan penyajian, isi, dan kebahasaan. E-flipbook yang dikembangkan dinyatakan praktis berdasarkan respons praktisi (guru) dan siswa dengan perolehan kategori sangat praktis dan sangat baik. E-flipbook yang dikembangkan dinyatakan efektif dengan perolehan skor rata-rata peningkatan literasi digital siswa sebesar 0.7 dengan kategori tinggi. Secara keseluruhan e-flipbook materi perubahan lingkungan dinyatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran untuk melatihkan literasi digital siswa.
Mobile Language Learning Applications from the Perspectives of Adult Language Learners in Turkey

Mobile language learning applications have changed how language is learned and have opened new windows for potential learners. At the convenience of our time, place, comfort and pace, we can learn or revise a language through our mobile gadgets. From the reviewed literature, it is evident that more data is needed to understand the users’ views about mobile applications. Instead of focusing on a single mobile application, the researcher attempted to elicit the general perceptions of Turkish adult learners about mobile language learning apps. In line with this thought, a selfadministered questionnaire was sent to potential mobile app users and 231 participants replied to the questionnaire. The aim of this study is to find out what perceptions adult learners in Turkey have and what their suggestions are to enhance future mobile language learning applications. For the close-ended questions, frequencies and percentages were taken, while for the open-ended question, content analysis was done. Easy access was considered as the greatest strength, while internet connection requirements and scarcity of interactivity were considered among the shortcomings. The participants offered some suggestions which can yield new paths for application developers, teachers and practitioners in the field of English language teaching and adult learning.
A Feature Weighted Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Based on Multistrategy Grey Wolf Optimization

Traditional fuzzy clustering is sensitive to initialization and ignores the importance difference between features, so the performance is not satisfactory. In order to improve clustering robustness and accuracy, in this paper, a feature-weighted fuzzy clustering algorithm based on multistrategy grey wolf optimization is proposed. This algorithm cannot only improve clustering accuracy by considering the different importance of features and assigning each feature different weight but also can easily obtain the global optimal solution and avoid the impact of the initialization process by implementing multistrategy grey wolf optimization. This multistrategy optimization includes three components, a population diversity initialization strategy, a nonlinear adjustment strategy of the convergence factor, and a generalized opposition-based learning strategy. They can enhance the population diversity, better balance exploration and exploitation, and further enhance the global search capability, respectively. In order to evaluate the clustering performance of our clustering algorithm, UCI datasets are selected for experiments. Experimental results show that this algorithm can achieve higher accuracy and stronger robustness.
A New Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model for Influencing Factors of Physical Education

Education evaluation promotes the scientific management of physical education (PE), and facilitates the realization of teaching goals of PE lessons. Through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE), this paper explores the influencing factors of teaching evaluation system for PE. A new evaluation index system (EIS) of PE was constructed through expert evaluation, the weight values of each index were determined through analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and an FCE model was established for PE. Taking a college PE teacher as the research object, the application effect of the proposed FCE model was empirically investigated. The results demonstrate the practicality and feasibility of the proposed model. The FCE model can qualify PE evaluation results comprehensively, and support the overall evaluation of a single factor. The modeling results reflect the actual teaching effect from multiple layers, and help to rationalize PE in the light of specific factors. The research provides important theoretical and realistic evidence to the promotion of PE evaluation.
Changes in Student Autonomy via E-Learning Courses

Nowadays, the concept of autonomy is becoming increasingly crucial in the area of instruction, especially when new challenges call into question the efficiency and sustainability of the higher education system. The aim of the research is to identify emerging attributes and dimensions of student autonomy via e-learning courses, which facilitate the quality improvement of modern higher education, meet the requirements of digitally based learning content, contribute to increasing learners’ self-motivation, encourage their further individual and professional development and ultimately, promote long-life learning. The study was conducted among 75 master students enrolled in academically oriented and vocationally focused course “Foreign Language for Professional Activities” in 2020. Research has revealed changes in student’s perception of autonomy; examined extent of their willingness to carry out complicated tasks with the limited instructor’s guidance; determined the scope of responsibility of students to manage their own educational activity and track the progress; explored their initiative and persistence as well as detected the most frequent challenges students faced while completing the course.
Recognition Technology of Athlete’s Limb Movement Combined Based on the Integrated Learning Algorithm

Human motion recognition based on inertial sensor is a new research direction in the field of pattern recognition. It carries out preprocessing, feature selection, and feature selection by placing inertial sensors on the surface of the human body. Finally, it mainly classifies and recognizes the extracted features of human action. There are many kinds of swing movements in table tennis. Accurately identifying these movement modes is of great significance for swing movement analysis. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, human movement recognition has made many breakthroughs in recent years, from machine learning to deep learning, from wearable sensors to visual sensors. However, there is not much work on movement recognition for table tennis, and the methods are still mainly integrated into the traditional field of machine learning. Therefore, this paper uses an acceleration sensor as a motion recording device for a table tennis disc and explores the three-axis acceleration data of four common swing motions. Traditional machine learning algorithms (decision tree, random forest tree, and support vector) are used to classify the swing motion, and a classification algorithm based on the idea of integration is designed. Experimental results show that the ensemble learning algorithm developed in this paper is better than the traditional machine learning algorithm, and the average recognition accuracy is 91%.
New Challenge for Initial Training of Mathematics Teachers: The Planning Phase of Mathematics Distance Learning

The scientific literature identifies five challenges related to training teachers: the basics of the constructivist approach, the problematization of mathematical knowledge to be taught, the promotion of interdisciplinarity, the use of digital pedagogical resources in planning teaching, and new skills to be developed due to the arrival of artificial intelligence. Considering the COVID-19 pandemic, it is appropriate to consider a sixth challenge, notably, training teachers capable of delivering mathematical distance learning courses focused on students’ conceptual understanding. It therefore is necessary to link the stakes of initial training with that of distance learning, which can enhance conceptual understanding. Linking the need to construct knowledge among students with technological tools used for distance learning allows new challenges faced in the planning of mathematics teaching to be highlighted. These new challenges give rise to the anticipation genesis that helps in situating the planning of mathematics teaching between three variables: artifact variables, arrangement variables, and variables related to the nature of the data to be used. These variables are a major asset for the training of the preservice mathematics teacher. Their study in this article allows us to recognize that the choice of technological tools to be used in mathematics distance learning depends greatly on the conceptual analysis of the mathematical knowledge to be taught. This study shows that it is important to rethink and question distance learning for each mathematical concept.
Processing Three-Dimensional Models of Archaeological Artifacts

This article provides a detailed account of the process of scanning, post-processing and further manipulation of three-dimensional models obtained with structured light scanners. Purpose. The purpose of the study is determined by the need for national archaeologists to learn the methods of three-dimensional modeling for the implementation of scientific research corresponding to international standards. Unfortunately, this direction in national archaeology began to develop in a relatively recent time and there is a lag in the application of three-dimensional modeling of national archaeology compared to the world level. Results. Any archaeological, experimental or ethnographic artifact can be used for three-dimensional scanning. To perform post-processing of three-dimensional models it is necessary to carry out primary scanning of an artifact by one of the existing algorithms. The algorithm for creating models, their positioning, simplification, saving in various formats and export is described. The main sequence of 3D models post-processing includes: processing of groups of scanned projections (their cleaning and alignment), creation of artifact model and processing/rectification of the resulting model using special software. Conclusion. As a result of correct implementation of the algorithm, the researcher receives a scaled model completely corresponding to the original artifact. Obtaining a scalable, texture-free three-dimensional model of the artifact, which fully corresponds to the original and exceeds a photograph in the quality of detail transfer, allows a scientist to conduct precise metric measurements and any procedures of non-invasive manipulation of the models. The ability to access a database of three-dimensional models of archaeological collections greatly simplifies the work of archaeologists, especially in situations when country borders are closed.