Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Accurate compressed traffic detection via traffic analysis using Graph Convolutional Network based on graph structure feature

As the application of data compression technology expands in areas such as IoT, webpage, and video data transmission, there are problems such as leakage of compressed but unencrypted user data, difficulty in supervising compressed data, and confusion between compressed and private encrypted traffic. Existing compressed traffic detection methods are significantly affected by data length and rely on binary classification in one step using random tests. It remains a challenging task to conduct accurate and efficient compressed traffic detection. In this paper, we present GCN-RTG, a compressed traffic detection method using Graph Convolutional Network. We investigate the randomness feature transformation pattern of packet sequences, propose a graph structure based on this pattern, and design a powerful GCN-based classifier to detect compressed traffic. The experimental results show that GCN-RTG achieves 94% accuracy in compressed traffic detection, remarkably improving by nearly 10% accuracy compared with traditional machine learning methods and approximately 5% compared with CNN and LSTM. Considering the effect of private encrypted traffic, GCN-RTG attains an accuracy of 89% for detecting compressed traffic. Furthermore, GCN-RTG can maintain an 83% accuracy even in the most extreme packet loss scenario and reach an outstanding accuracy of up to 95% of compressed traffic detection in real-world network data sized 4GB from the Jiangsu education backbone network in China.
Helping the School: Electronic Learning Resources of Foreign Libraries

The transition from an information society to a knowledge society gives libraries a chance to overcome the crisis by transforming themselves into educational institutions of a new type, providing quality information and educational services that promote cognitive and creative activities. An important place among them belongs to programs and projects for the creation and promotion of electronic learning resources intended for schoolteachers and students, i.e. for the audience, which directly determines the society we will have to live in the near future. The aim of the article is to consider the experience of major foreign libraries in preparing electronic learning (e-Learning) resources for schools from the perspective of their possible use by Russian libraries in the light of the tasks set to strengthen the role of cultural and educational organizations in the historical and cultural enlightenment and upbringing of the growing generation. The object of the article is the resources of own generation (or created in cooperation with other institutions) of national and regional libraries in the USA, Great Britain, and Australia, related to the methodological support of the educational process in schools. The study of the content of these resources made it possible to identify several main groups with different purposes: training in the skills of working with primary sources; promotion of classical literature and reading; assistance to subject teachers in their work with current social and political issues; development of regional / local history knowledge. Examples explored are electronic learning resources for schools posted in dedicated sections or on the web portals of the Library of Congress (USA, Washington), the National Library of Australia, the British Library, the Florida State Library and Archives, the State Library of Victoria (Australia, Melbourne) the National Library of Scotland, and the National Library of Wales. The study has shown that national and regional libraries of the above-mentioned countries place a high priority on the preparation of electronic learning resources for schools. Creation of such resources helps libraries to solve important tasks: to popularize their collections and electronic resources; to expand the circle of regular readers by attracting schoolchildren; to enhance the prestige of the library as an important cultural and educational institution involved in forming the worldview and raising the intellectual level of the younger generation. Due to their social significance, such projects, as a rule, have state or regional funding; grants are widely practiced. The article pays special attention to the interaction between libraries and other cultural institutions in preparing joint electronic learning resources for schools, as well as to the promotion of such resources among the teaching community, primarily through close cooperation with pedagogical organizations.
The Improving of the Student’s Vocabulary Achievement through Crossword Game in the New Normal Era

This research attempted to verify improved vocabulary achievement using the Crossword Game for the eleventh-grade students of SMAN 1 Krian. The method used was classroom action research. The reason why this research was done is because of the pre–cycle outcome. Only five students passed the criteria of minimum score (KKM). So, the researcher wanted to give fun vocabulary learning through Crossword Games. This research was done in 3 cycles. And the subject was one class of eleventh-grade students, which was a class that consisted of 28 students. The instruments were observation, tests, and questionnaires. According to the data analysis, the second cycle's scores are higher than the first. From 17% in pre–test to 75% in post–test 1, it meant that there was an improvement about 58%. Post-test 2, the students passed 85%. Observation showed that students became more engaged when crossword games were used, and their activities dominated the learning process. As much as 92% of students gave a positive opinion about crossword games that said crossword was fun, engaging, and easy for students to study vocabulary. Therefore, teaching the English language using crossword puzzle games could improve the students' vocabulary achievement.
SPSTL SB RAS Collection of Scantily Used Editions in the Readers Service System

Developing programs of new directions of work with readers in the changing sociocultural conditions is an actual orientation of domestic librarianship policy. The results of studies undertaken in order to reveal modern trends in the service system of SPSTL SB RAS showed, in particular, the growing request for belletristic and mass literature on the part of readers. This tendency of changing information needs deserves more profound study for to perfect both the servicing system and the technology of building the library stock. The object of the local study, undertaken by the authors of this article, is one of the segments of the large stock of belletristic and mass literature stored in SPSTL SB RAS - the collection of scantily used editions (FMI). Today, FMI is an ever-growing collection of publications that has its own reader, but still is not in demand enough. Our goal was to use the methods of comparison, analysis, synthesis and observation for to consider the relevance of this collection, its place in the system of other library collections, as well as to identify opportunities to realize FMI potential in meeting new readers' needs. The involved theoretical material and the analysis of practice allowed the authors to assert that one of the main causes of unsatisfactory rate of this collection usage are organizational and technological contradictions primarily laid at the bottom of its functional capacity, which prevent providing integrity of its managerial system. Increasing the efficiency of FMI use could be facilitated by bringing it closer to the reader “physically” and reflecting the content of the collection in readers' catalogs.
Domestic Publications of the 19-20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; Centuries: Book Monuments or Rare Editions

The purpose of the article is to investigate the basic questions of revealing, studying, stocktaking and preserving rare books and book monuments in libraries. The chronological criterion of recognizing a document as a single book monument leaves no place for doubts, but the criterion of social significance (see point 5 of the Order № 1780 ‘On Approval of Regulations on Register of Book Monuments') raises many questions as there are no works analyzing the criterion of social significance. Only an individual approach to each document will make it possible to explore all the peculiarities of a book creation and existence. The decision for recognizing or not a document as a book monument can be made by a regional council of experts. Libraries use different approaches to technical processing and organizing storing of documents from the category under study (e.g. only the monuments being singled out from the general collection, monuments and rare books being stored together; rare books being a part of the general collection etc.). The professional community should work out recommendations, which could help to organize properly library collections that include book monuments and rare books.
Book Monuments of the Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library and their Integration into the Electronic Collection

Preservation and accessibility of cultural heritage, the most important part of which are book monuments, is the main task of libraries and other cultural institutions. An important achievement in the implementation of the state policy was the consolidation in the Russian legislation of the norms governing the work with book monuments, the formation of the Register of Book Monuments, the creation of the site “Book Monuments” within the framework of the national project “Culture”, being the part of the National Electronic Library. The article presents the first results of work on the identification, study and digitization of book monuments from the collection of rare books stored in the non-digital collection of the Presidential Library. The purpose of this article is to introduce researchers to book monuments from the collection of rare books of the Presidential Library, the peculiarities of presenting their digital copies in the library's electronic collection. A brief description of the documents identified in the collection of rare books with signs of book monuments is given. Among them, there are early printed books; books with autographs, records of scientific, historical, cultural interest; books from personal collections of prominent people, etc. Considerable attention is paid to the description of the rarest and most interesting copies. The basic principles and approaches to digitization and presentation of book monuments in the central collection of electronic documents are considered. Special attention is paid to the experience of the Presidential Library in forming the digital collection “Book Monuments of the Presidential Library”, which includes selected domestic and foreign editions published before 1830.
Individual residence and identity theft: how residential characteristics shape exposure and risk of offline and online identity theft victimization

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of micro-level place on identity theft victimization. This study uses the 2016 Identity Theft Supplement (ITS) to investigate whether aspects of an individual’s residence affect their likelihood of becoming identity theft victims. Design/methodology/approach The authors conduct logistic regressions of whether a respondent was an identity theft victim in the past year using the following variables as key predictors: number of housing units in a residence, whether the respondent operates a business out of their residence and if residence access is restricted. Findings The results suggest that location influences the likelihood of identity theft to a modest degree though some aspects of location (possibly those related to rewards perceptions) may be more relevant than others. Meanwhile, though location may influence initial target selection, whether someone is victimized may be more dependent on factors such as personal behavior. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this manuscript represents one of the first investigations into the relationship between microlevel place and the incidence of identity theft. Furthermore, it provides evidence that one does exist which bears further inquiry.
Constructional complexity as a predictor of Korean EFL learners’ writing proficiency

Abstract Based on usage-based constructionist approaches to language development, this study investigates the validity of constructional complexity as a predictor of writing proficiency of Korean EFL learners. We analyzed argumentative essays produced by Korean EFL learners and compared a prediction model that uses English argument structure constructions with a conventional T-unit-based model. We first tested the predictive power of a discriminant function model with argument structure constructions as predictors for assessing writing proficiency of lower- and higher-level learners. We then compared the construction-based model to another model that included T-unit measures as predictors. The results validated the contribution of argument structure constructions for predicting L2 writing proficiency: The construction-based model yielded higher prediction accuracy than the T-unit-based model did, confirming that constructional complexity is closely aligned with writing proficiency. These findings demonstrate the significance of a construction-based model as a reliable tool for diagnosing EFL learners’ writing proficiency.
Bi-level intelligent dynamic path planning for an UAV in low-altitude complex urban environment

An offline and online bi-level structure-based dynamic path planning algorithm is proposed for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in low-altitude complex urban environment. First, an improved Hunger Games Search (HGS) algorithm is developed to generate an offline optimized path under the UAV’s performance constraints and the known static obstacles’ constraints. The individuals of the proposed algorithm will be divided into multiple groups to increase the population diversity. And then, a dynamic grouping strategy and a quantum-behaved behavior are proposed to solve the premature convergence’s problem and the imbalance problem between exploration and exploitation ability in HGS. To improve the dynamic obstacle avoidance efficiency of the algorithm, the dynamic obstacles are classified into three categories: newly added no-fly zone, known and unknown dynamic obstacles. Then, utilizing the information of the offline optimized path and the airborne sensors, three kinds of online planning strategies—an improved rapid-exploring random tree (RRT), a changing speed strategy, and a novel three-dimensional rolling windows—are introduced to dynamically update the path or speed of the UAV. Simulation results indicated that the improved HGS can enhance the performances of the traditional HGS and outperform other compared algorithms on the benchmark functions. Meanwhile, the online planning strategies can effectively achieve dynamic obstacle avoidance within the constraints of offline path. More specially, the planning time and angles of the local path to avoid the no-fly-zone’s influence are improved by 11.3% and 56.8% through utilizing the improved RRT.
A Finite State Machine-Based Improved Cryptographic Technique

With the advent of several new means of communication, safeguarding the confidentiality of messages has become more crucial. Financial institutions, virtual currencies, and government organizations are all examples of high-risk contexts where information exchanges need particular care. The importance of data security in preventing unauthorized access to data is emphasized. Several cryptographic methods for protecting the secrecy and integrity of data were compared. In this research, the proposed work includes a new Turbo Code-based encryption algorithm. The Turbo encoder’s puncturing process is controlled by a secret key, and a typical random sequence is generated to encrypt the data and fix any mistakes. Key generation utilizing pre-existing data eliminates the requirement for sending keys over a secure channel. Using recurrence relations and the Lower–Upper (LU) decomposition method, the presented study suggests a novel approach to message encryption and decryption. The resulting encrypted grayscale image has a very high level of security, with an entropy of 7.999, a variation from perfection of 0.0245, and a correlation of 0.0092 along the diagonal, 0.0009 along the horizontal, and −0.0015 along the vertical. Directly decrypted pictures have a Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 56.22 dB, but the suggested approach only manages an embedding capacity of 0.5 bpp (bits per pixel). This may be achieved by decreasing the size of the location map by only 0.02 bpp.
Theorizing sustainable, low-resource MT in development settings

Abstract This article conducts a meta-analysis of existing research to theorize how machine translation (MT) may help resolve underlying contradictions in the development sector that preclude the UN’s 10th Sustainable Development Goal: to reduce inequality within and among countries. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) frequently work in dominant languages and neglect marginalized languages, reinforcing power imbalances between the Global North and Global South in development planning. MT between marginalized languages may improve collaboration between local communities to redress shared disadvantages. As an example, the article hypothesizes a sustainable, “low-tech” MT system pivoting through Spanish to translate between three Mayan languages in Guatemala: K’iche’, Q’eqchi’, and Mam. First, the article theorizes three key dimensions comprising the overall sustainability of low-resource MT in development: quality, social, and environmental. It then evaluates the sustainability of various MT architectures. Finally, it reaffirms the ability for indirect translation (classic pivot-based MT) to facilitate MT between low-resource languages.
Metadata implementation and data discoverability: A survey on university libraries' Dataverse portals

The purpose of this practical case study is to examine the development of Dataverse, a global research data management consortium. This paper is the second in a project focusing on data discoverability and current metadata implementation on the Dataverse portals established by 27 university libraries worldwide. Five research questions were proposed to identify the most popular metadata standards and elements, search interface options, and result display formats by those portals. The data were collected from 27 university libraries worldwide between December 1, 2020 and January 31, 2021. According to the results of the descriptive analyses, the most popular metadata elements for the dataset overview were Subject and Description, while Dataset persistent ID, Publication Date, Title, Author, Contact, Deposit Date, Depositor, Description, and Subject were the most popular elements for the metadata record of each dataset. Publication Year, Author Names, and Subject were found to be the most common search facets used by the portals. English was the most common language used for the search interfaces and metadata descriptions. Based on their findings from this evidence-based study, the authors recommend future research on the development of institutional data portal infrastructure, on stakeholder outreach and training, and on user studies on dataset retrieval.
Teachers and Expression of Emotions in Digital Communication

This article introduces an empirical study of the way teachers express emotions during digital communication, both in typing and in video conferencing. The study involved 170 female and 20 male members of school and university teaching staff (mean age = 43.78 y.o). It relied on an authentic multiple-choice questionnaire, grid questions, and case tasks. The participants knew special online means of expressing emotions but seldom used them with students. At video conferences, they referred to the same methods of transmitting emotions as in real communication. The women and the school teachers were more emotional in the digital environment than the rest. The research revealed emotionally limited digital communication between teachers and students, which needs further research on how to develop the lacking competencies.
REVERSIBLE WATERMARKING ALGORITHM WITH CHAOS AND ZUC ENCRYPTION BASED ON DEEP LEARNING IN HEALTHCARE

In view of the shortcomings of the existing reversible watermarking algorithms for encrypted images, such as low embedding rate and incomplete separation, and at the same time ensuring the embedding rate and the quality of the watermarked image, this paper proposes a reversible watermarking algorithm for encrypted images with high embedding rate and separable effect. This paper proposes a reversible watermarking algorithm for encrypted images with high embedding rate and separable effect. First, the plaintext image is encrypted by using the encryption series generated by chaotic system and Zu Chongzhi’s encryption algorithm; Second, analyze the PSNR value of the image under different interpolation conditions, generate the corresponding expected interpolation, and embed the watermark information into the image based on the expected interpolation; Finally, the original image can be recovered by using the encryption key, and the watermark information can be obtained by using the embedded key. The security and embedding ability of the algorithm are analyzed through simulation experiments. The results show that the introduction of ZUC stream cipher can expand the key space of the algorithm, have high security and achieve the separable effect. The embedding of watermark information has little impact on the ciphertext image, and the embedding rate is also higher than the contrast algorithm under the condition of ensuring the visual effect of the image.
Certainty, But How Certain? Severity, But How Severe? A Quasi-Experimental Study on Digital Piracy Deterrence in a Spanish Citizens Sample

The assumptions underlying classical deterrence remain an underpinning of most legal systems. Although empirical research on deterrence is extensive, less investigated are the conditions under which deterrence is more or less likely to occur. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of sanction severity and certainty on intentions to illegally download a film. A 3 × 4 factorial design was used in which three degrees of severity and 4° of certainty were combined. Results show that when low or medium certainty can be guaranteed, the degree of severity influences the intention to illegally download. However, severity is irrelevant when certainty is zero or total. These results suggest that severity is important, but its relevance is conditioned by the level of certainty.