ETHNO-CULTURAL ACTIVITY OF TEACHERS OF UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE IN GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The article states that global integration processes in the field of education need radical changes. Accordingly, it is important to direct the pedagogical process to the ethnic and cultural values of humanity. It has been emphasized that in the classes of Ukrainian language and literature in the secondary education institution, the problems of enculturation of life, ensuring an organic connection with the national culture of Ukraine become especially relevant. The authors state that the Ukrainian ethnos has a unique historical and cultural experience, which is based on customs, traditions, original culture, etc. A modern institution of secondary education should not only transfer ready-made knowledge about ethnic culture. Since the teacher is considered a key element in the assimilation of culture and ethnic heritage of past generations at all times, he is able to attract the younger generation to the traditions of the people, form cultural values, improve and deepen the ethnoculture of students of secondary education. The article provides a definition of the concept of "ethnoculture", which is multifaceted in structure and is the subject of study in various fields of science, in particular, ethnology, ethnopedagogy, ethnopsychology, and others. In addition, the directions of ethno-cultural personality education have been described. Among the ethno-cultural resources that should be developed in secondary education students, the following have been highlighted: Ukrainian language and literature, traditions of the native region, family customs, folklore, folk games and toys, knowledge of genealogy and history, pedagogy of the folk calendar, national symbols and folk symbols, basics national morality. The importance of this integral component of the formation of the student's personality has been emphasized, because without knowing and respecting the ethno-cultural heritage of their people, young people lose their spiritual connection with the previous generation - the foundation on which they should build their lives. It has been noted that the lessons of the Ukrainian language and literature make it possible to develop the ethno-cultural competence of students in the best possible way. Language teaches a person to see, to think, to join the spiritual heritage of his people. Native language is an original way of thinking, an original means of knowing reality. Among the directions of ethno-cultural activity in the lesson of the Ukrainian language and literature, the use of oral folk creativity, the design of the cabinet of the Ukrainian language and literature, which presents the artistic values and aesthetic norms of the people, the use of various forms of organization of the educational process to involve children in the ethno-culture: lessons involving familiarization with the surrounding world, using various types of games, staging, collective activities, etc. Organization of non-traditional lessons, for example, lesson-game, lesson-rite, lesson-monitoring, lesson of creative activity, lesson-dispute. Also, a teacher of Ukrainian language and literature can organize various ethnoclubs, ethnogroups, etc., and must skillfully use various means of ethnocultural education of students: dialogue with adults, communication with peers, communication with the teacher. It is important in the ethno-cultural activity of a teacher of Ukrainian language and literature to be aimed not at intensification, but primarily at amplification, that is, enrichment of development using various types of activities. The teacher's work in this direction should be carried out systematically, consistently, taking into account individual age characteristics.