Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Factors in Modality Selections of “NP+Yao+VP” Construction in Modern Chinese

From the perspective of modality, this paper studies the interaction between semantics and syntax of modal verb “Yao(要)”. Examines the syntactic features of construction “NP+Yao+VP” which behaves as dynamic modality, deontic modality and epistemic modality respectively on the basis of the established corpus. And there are differences in the grammatical functions between diverse “Yao(要)”.<BR> First, when “Yao(要)” presents a dynamic modality, “NP” can be a persona noun, a person pronoun and a demonstrative pronoun. When “Yao(要)” presents a deontic modality, “NP” can be a persona noun, a time noun, a place noun, a person pronoun and a demonstrative pronoun. And when “Yao(要)” presents an epistemic modality, “NP” can be a persona noun, a time noun, a place noun, and a demonstrative pronoun.<BR> Secondly, volitional verbs can enter any state of modality, a small number of nonvolitional verbs can enter the dynamic modality and deontic modality, and most nonvolitional verbs can enter the epistemic modality.<BR> Thirdly, when “NP+Yao+VP” to express dynamic modality and deontic modality, it can co-exist in most adverbs; when “NP+Yao+VP” to express epistemic modality, the degree adverbs and negative adverbs cannot appear in “NP+Yao+VP”.<BR> Finally, according to EDD rules and combined with the corpus , we found that when “NP+Yao+VP” to express dynamic modality, any modality verb can appear in front of “Yao (要)”. When “NP+Yao+VP” to express deontic modality, only deontic modality verb can appear in front of “Yao(要)”, When “NP+Yao+VP” to express epistemic modality, only epistemic modality verb can appear in front of “Yao(要)”.
Development of leadership potential of students in the conditions of distance learning

The article is devoted to the issues of formation and conditions of development leadership qualities of students in distance learning.In the context of recent educational reforms in Ukraine, which focus on increasing attention to education, the country needs not only highly qualified specialists, but also professionals with certain leadership qualities.The current state of Ukraine is characterized by its desire to integrate into the European Community in economic, political and educational aspects.In the conditions of quarantine caused by the COVID-19 epidemic, and as a consequence of distance learning, this process requires restructuring the higher education system as a priority area of forming a new society, modernizing its content and improving the learning process based on scientific approaches etc.Today, the development of technological means of telecommunications and communication, mass distribution and use of multimedia computer programs creates objective preconditions for the improvement of educational technologies, in particular, for the introduction of new forms of education for the general population, including distance learning.The article analyzes the definition the concept of "leader", leadership potential and ways of pedagogical support for the development of leadership potential in distance learning.The main attention is paid not only psychological assessment of the main approaches to understanding the nature of the phenomenon of the leader, but also the characteristics of the nodal points in the theoretical understanding of the essence formation of leadership qualities in students.Described teaching tools and methods that, in our opinion, are the most effective in process of formation of leadership qualities of students during distance education.The pedagogical conditions of educational process which will promote development of leadership qualities of students at the expense of interaction based on group forms of organization of the educational process, interactive and problem-based teaching methods, in particular the use of global networks and creative projects.Identified the main qualities needed by the leader student environment.
SEE SUBTYPE VERBS IN ENGLISH AND WOLIO LANGUAGES: A SEMANTIC APPROACH TO GRAMMAR

This research aimed to investigate See subtype verbs in English and Wolio languages: the meanings and grammatical properties. The research is descriptive qualitative research. The sources of the data in this research include events, information, and documents. The techniques of collecting data are observation and interview. The data were analyzed through some steps: data reduction, data display, and conclusion and verification. The result shows that the English See subtype verbs identified are see, hear, smell, taste, feel, observe, notice and perceive. While the Wolio See subtype verbs identified are kamata, rango, bou, penami, namisi, and tuminda. In the aspect of meaning, the Wolio See subtype verbs do not always have the same function with English in the use. Some verbs in Wolio language have more wide semantic range, such as ‘kamata’ and ‘namisi’. ‘Kamata’ refers to become aware of somebody/something by using of eyes either in a glance or over period of time and carefully or not. In addition, ‘kamata’ also can be used to see a movie, witness the accident, and observed somebody or something. ‘namisi’ also can cover feel and perceive. Though it is a transitive and intransitive verb at once, but the passive sentence of this verb is not allowed. In addition, this verb also does not have the imperative form when it refers to ‘perceive’. Contrast with ‘tumindaea’ that has more narrow semantic meaning. ‘tumindaea’ is just used to pay attention or notice somebody or his/her speech or advice.
기업 규모별 의약품 해외 인허가 과정에서의 장애요인 비교분석

Objectives: To provide guidance for agency planning by identifying barriers faced by Korean pharmaceutical companies in global regulatory affairs. Methods: A questionnaire survey on global regulatory affairs was administered by email to personnel at Korean pharmaceutical companies. From a total of 60, 28 responses were collected. Respondents’ companies were classified as small-sized or large-sized, based on whether their annual sales amounted to KRW 100 billion. Results: Small-sized companies were experiencing greater difficulties in receiving drug approvals from advanced countries, particularly during the Investigational New Drug (IND) and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) processes. Conclusions: Support measures to specifically help small-sized companies enter more advanced markets and further improved global regulatory guidelines that can meet large-sized companies’ expectations are needed. Moreover, domestic and global regulatory standards should be harmonized to benefit both groups.
Initial Centroid Determination Using Genetic Algorithm in Data Clustering

Clustering K-Means using random initial determination centroid. Generated random centroids using K-Means trapped in optimum local which results in poor clustering quality. Initial centroids in k-means will examine effect of genetic algorithms are each tested on data with dimension reduction and without dimension reduction. Based on the results of initial centroid testing obtained from genetic algorithms, quality of cluster results increase 54.9% in high dimensional data and 52.4% in data had been carried out for dimensional reduction. This shows that K-Means clustering with initial centroids obtained from genetic algorithm calculations has best cluster with significant results.
Analysis and Design of Activity Degree Monitoring Algorithm

DAU (Daily Active User) is the number of daily active users, often used to reflect the operation of websites, Internet APPs and games [1]. DAU usually counts the number of users who have logged in or used a product (removing users who are repeatedly logged in) within one day (statistical day), which is similar to the concept of visitors (UV) in the traffic statistics tool. As we all know, the revenue source of some Internet applications lies in the revenue of advertising, and the amount of advertising revenue depends on the size of DAU. Therefore, the design strategy and algorithm to monitor the fluctuations of DAU can better help people analyze and improve our products, thus bringing improvements to the products. Therefore, this paper will design a variety of algorithm construction models to monitor the fluctuation of DAU, and achieve alarm announcement, analysis and location of the abnormal fluctuation of DAU, so as to explore of the value of DAU.
Divergences in Procedural Accountability: Comparative Analysis of Social Media Political Speech Regulation in the United States, Germany, South Korea, and Taiwan

After a series of public scandals exposed the role of social media platforms in facilitating and spreading disruptive political speech in 2016, policymakers around the world are reframing content moderation as a public policy problem and many governments have since passed laws that intervene in how speech on social media is governed within their jurisdiction. This paper analyzes Facebook’s response to the local regulatory and cultural contexts of four different countries—the United States, Germany, South Korea, and Taiwan. It examines the intersection of governance of and by digital platforms in relation to political speech online, delving into how Facebook, a global platform company, adjusts to local laws and contexts through its design and language choices, varying levels of publicity, and nuanced partnerships.
Exploiting Distilled Learning for Deep Siamese Tracking

Existing deep siamese trackers are typically built on off-the-shelf CNN models for feature learning, with the demand for huge power consumption and memory storage. This limits current deep siamese trackers to be carried on resource-constrained devices like mobile phones, given factor that such a deployment normally requires cost-effective considerations. In this work, we address this issue by presenting a novel Distilled Learning Framework(DLF) for siamese tracking, which aims at learning tracking model with efficiency and high accuracy. Specifically, we propose two simple yet effective knowledge distillation strategies, denote as point-wise distillation and pairwise distillation, which are designed for transferring knowledge from a more discriminative teacher tracker into a compact student tracker. In this way, cost-effective and high performance tracking could be achieved. Extensive experiments on several tracking benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Maturity Level of ITSM Analysis Using ITIL V 3 Framework in NLAA Purbalingga

The development of communication and information technology impacts the activities and ways of thinking carried out by organizations and governments. The Purbalingga National Land Agency (NLA) is an institution that uses information technology to issue proof of land rights in the agrarian/land and spatial planning sector. This study analyzes IT service management maturity level (ITSM) at NLA Purbalingga using the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) V.3 in the operation of domain services. Descriptive analysis method of questionnaires distributed to the community in NLA Purbalingga. The IT maturity level determination at NLA Purbalingga can be done based on the service operation domain factor. The IT maturity level used has five levels for this study. The results of the analysis show that the ITSM maturity level is at level four. Level four means that IT service management at NLA Purbalingga is appropriately handled by paying attention to the factors that are fulfilled according to procedures and taking process actions against systems that are not running effectively. This study aims to provide NLA Purbalingga to improve website maintenance by carrying out comprehensive system integration to enhance work effectiveness and quality.
The Construction of New Type Loose Leaf Textbook in Vocational Education under the Concept of the Reform of Teachers, Teaching Materials and Teaching Methods

According to the latest document National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan issued by the Ministry of Education, the national vocational educators began to explore the reform on three educational aspects, including teachers, teaching materials and teaching methods. Among them, the textbook is to solve the problems of what to teach. In the Twenty Principles on Vocational Education, it is clearly pointed out that the curriculum content is connected with the vocational standards, and the reasonable selection of curriculum content directly determines whether the knowledge and skills learned by students can meet the needs of employment, and textbooks are an important carrier of curriculum content. Therefore, whether to use docking teaching materials is an important content of assessing the achievements of teaching resources construction in schools. Twenty Principles on Vocational Education clearly points out that teaching materials should introduce new technologies, new processes and new norms, advocating the use of new loose leaf and work manual teaching materials and supporting informatization, introducing typical production cases, and implementing dynamic adjustment of three-year revision. The compilation of high-quality teaching materials provides direction guidance and requirements to vocational colleges. Higher vocational English teachers should base on the English syllabus, develop the loose leaf teaching material of College English, flexibly use the teaching material for personalized teaching, make the course teaching three-dimensional, implement task driven teaching, improve students' core quality, and lay the foundation for students' lifelong development. Based on this, this paper makes a brief analysis on the development of the loose leaf textbook of College English in higher vocational colleges.
An advanced Decentralized Conditional Anonymous Payment System for Cryptocurrency using Blockchain

Blockchain, a circulated record innovation, can possibly be conveyed in a wide scope of utilizations. Among these applications, decentralized payment frameworks (for example Bitcoin) have been perhaps the most developed blockchain applications with inescapable appropriation. While the early plans (for example Bitcoin) are regularly the cash of decision by cybercriminals, they just give pseudo-secrecy, as in anybody can de-anonymize Bitcoin exchanges by utilizing data in the blockchain. To reinforce the security insurance of decentralized payment frameworks, various arrangements, for example, Monero and Zerocash have been proposed. Notwithstanding, totally Decentralized Anonymous Payment (DAP) frameworks can be criminally misused, for instance in online coercion and illegal tax avoidance exercises. Perceiving the significance of guideline, we present a novel meaning of Decentralized Conditional Anonymous Payment (DCAP) and portray the comparing security necessities. To develop a solid DCAP framework, we first plan a Condition Anonymous Payment (CAP) conspire (in light of our proposed mark of information), whose security can be exhibited under the characterized formal semantic and security models. To exhibit utility, we contrast the presentation of our proposition and that of Zerocash under similar boundaries and testing climate.
FORMATION OF META-SUBJECT COMPETENCIES WITH THE HELP OF PROFESSIONALLY-ORIENTED TASKS IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING MATHEMATICS

According to the Federal State Educational Standard 3++, the state has defined the main goal of education, including higher education. This goal is to identify and comprehensively develop each student, to achieve high personal and meta-subject results. This standard requires teachers to develop key competencies in students that provide them with elasticity and tolerance in relation to a rapidly changing world. The learning process is faced with a number of conditions and tasks that determine the didactic principles. The university teacher, at the same time, becomes the organizer of the educational process, an assistant and adviser to the students.
A Heterogeneous Face Recognition Approach for Matching Composite Sketch with Age Variation Digital Images

Law enforcement agencies use facial composite sketches as a forensic tool to identify the suspects involved in criminal activities. Criminal investigators use either hand drawn or software generated sketch for investigation. Matching facial composite sketch with its digital images across different age variations is an important challenge of heterogeneous face recognition. Current research works are mainly focusing on the automation of matching facial composite sketch to digital images. A framework for mapping of facial composite sketch to digital images across different age variations is proposed in this work. In the proposed framework, composite sketch is fed as input to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), face encoding techniques are applied to extract the important features from the face and best matching index is computed. Then bounding box is drawn for recognizing digital images of different age variations. To study the effects of age variations, experiments are conducted on the composite sketch with age variation dataset (CSA) which consist of composite sketches of 150 subjects with digital images of different age variations. The system performance is appraised through exhaustive testing and results analysis. Experimental result proves that proposed framework provides promising results of 86.6% compared with other existing sketch based algorithms.
Hva fremmer et innovativt miljø i skolen, og hvilken betydning har det for læreres undervisning?

What encourages an innovative environment in schools and what does that imply for teaching? An innovative environment is important for a school’s ability to adapt to societal changes and for students’ ability to cope with future society. It is therefore crucial to find out what promotes an innovative environment in a school and what consequences an innovative environment has for teaching and learning. Certain aspects of teaching are especially important for students to learn how to cope with a society where, for instance, critical thinking and problem solving are required and where diversity is increasing. Such teaching practices include cognitive activation and inclusive practices. Using TALIS 2018, we employ two-level (teachers and schools) structural equation modelling to examine both direct and indirect effects of distributed leadership on teaching practices via an innovative environment. Results show that distributed leadership has a medium strong relationship to an innovative environment and that an innovative environment has a medium strong relationship to teaching practices. An innovative environment mediates the effect of distributed leadership on teaching practices. Overall, our study has implications for policy and practice as it finds that school leaders who employ distributed leadership can help promote an innovative environment and that an innovative environment in turn may encourage the type of teaching students need to acquire skills that are important in the 21st century.
Model Building for Prediction

This textbook provides future data analysts with the tools, methods, and skills needed to answer data-focused, real-life questions; to carry out data analysis; and to visualize and interpret results to support better decisions in business, economics, and public policy. Data wrangling and exploration, regression analysis, machine learning, and causal analysis are comprehensively covered, as well as when, why, and how the methods work, and how they relate to each other. As the most effective way to communicate data analysis, running case studies play a central role in this textbook. Each case starts with an industry-relevant question and answers it by using real-world data and applying the tools and methods covered in the textbook. Learning is then consolidated by 360 practice questions and 120 data exercises. Extensive online resources, including raw and cleaned data and codes for all analysis in Stata, R, and Python, can be found at www.gabors-data-analysis.com.
Rates of Change

Can law keep up with runaway technology? In an era of runaway corporate surveillance, artificial intelligence, deep fakes, election hacking, social media disinformation, do-it-yourself biology, genetic modification, automation, and three-dimensional printed medical implants, law has seemed to take a back seat to rampant technological change. To listen to Silicon Valley barons, there is nothing any of us can do about it.CAN LAW KEEP UP? calls their bluff. The book provides a fresh look at law, at what it actually is, how it works, and how we can create the kind of laws that help humans survive and thrive in the face of technological change. It shows that law can keep up with technology because law is a kind of technology – social technology built by humans out of cooperative fictions like firms, nations, or money. To survive the challenges of the future, we need a new kind of law, and a new way of understanding how humans use language to cooperate, to build an ever-growing and ever-changing system of understandings about how we can secure the benefits of changing technology to all.
JQF: Optimal JPEG Quantization Table Fusion by Simulated Annealing on Texture Images and Predicting Textures

JPEG has been a widely used lossy image compression codec for nearly three decades. The JPEG standard allows to use customized quantization table; however, it's still a challenging problem to find an optimal quantization table within acceptable computational cost. This work tries to solve the dilemma of balancing between computational cost and image specific optimality by introducing a new concept of texture mosaic images. Instead of optimizing a single image or a collection of representative images, the simulated annealing technique is applied to texture mosaic images to search for an optimal quantization table for each texture category. We use pre-trained VGG-16 CNN model to learn those texture features and predict the new image's texture distribution, then fuse optimal texture tables to come out with an image specific optimal quantization table. On the Kodak dataset with the quality setting Q=95, our experiment shows a size reduction of 23.5% over the JPEG standard table with a slightly 0.35% FSIM decrease, which is visually unperceivable. The proposed JQF method achieves per image optimality for JPEG encoding with less than one second additional timing cost.
Random Forest and Boosting

This textbook provides future data analysts with the tools, methods, and skills needed to answer data-focused, real-life questions; to carry out data analysis; and to visualize and interpret results to support better decisions in business, economics, and public policy. Data wrangling and exploration, regression analysis, machine learning, and causal analysis are comprehensively covered, as well as when, why, and how the methods work, and how they relate to each other. As the most effective way to communicate data analysis, running case studies play a central role in this textbook. Each case starts with an industry-relevant question and answers it by using real-world data and applying the tools and methods covered in the textbook. Learning is then consolidated by 360 practice questions and 120 data exercises. Extensive online resources, including raw and cleaned data and codes for all analysis in Stata, R, and Python, can be found at www.gabors-data-analysis.com.