Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Research Status and Challenges of Cho So-ang and Samgyun-ism

This paper aims to examine the research achievements and challenges of Cho So-ang, an independence activist and “unification advocate”, who integrated theory and practice into the history of the Korean people's struggle for independence.&#x0D; The “Samgyun Society”, established on National Foundation Day in 1975, played a pivotal role in expanding the research on Cho So-ang and the Three Principles of Equality (삼균주의). It inherited the accomplishments of the “Jo So-ang Book Compilation Committee”, launched in 1965, and published the “Jo So-ang Research Papers” from 1983 to the present, significantly influencing the advancement of the studies on the 'Three Principles of Equality.' As a result, the research on Cho So-ang and triequism has yielded 5 Ph.D. theses, 31 master's theses, 70 scholarly articles, and 23 books.&#x0D; However, a substantial number of Cho So-ang's works remain undisclosed, and relevant data from China, Taiwan, and Europe regarding Cho So-ang's life and contributions have yet to be discovered, collected, and made public. Therefore, the attention and support of government bodies and research institutes are imperative.&#x0D; The 'Three Principles of Equality,' championed by Cho So-ang, found resonance in Korean Independence Party during the Anti-Japanese War era, as well as in the principles and unwavering commitment of Korean Revolution Association. Furthermore, these principles were enshrined in the 'Proclamation of the Establishment of the Republic of Korea' by the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea after liberation, and their significance was further underscored in the Constitution of the Republic of Korea.&#x0D; The study and exploration of Cho So-ang's contributions to homeland liberation and national reunification, coupled with his foundational principles of Samgyunism, represent significant efforts towards uniting the divided nation. They remain crucial and timely objectives, demanding sustained attention and research in the years ahead.
Study on Structural Relationship between Perception of School Vitality, Class Improvement Activities, and Teacher Efficacy

이 연구는 학교활력 인식과 수업개선활동 및 교사효능감 간의 구조적 관계를 파악하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 경기교육종단연구 9차년도(2020년) 자료를 기반으로 SPSS 26.0과 AMOS 22.0을 활용한 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 학교활력 인식은 교사의 수업개선활동에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 교사들은 학교활력을 높게 인식할수록 수업개선활동에 더욱 활발히 참여하였다. 둘째, 수업개선활동은 교사효능감에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 수업개선활동에 적극적으로 참여할수록 교사효능감을 높게 인식하고 있었다. 셋째, 학교활력 인식은 교사효능감에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 학교활력을 높게 인식할수록 교사효능감을 높게 인식하고 있었다. 넷째, 학교활력 인식은 수업개선활동을 매개로 하여 교사효능감에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 학교활력을 높게 인식하는 교사들은 수업개선활동에 더욱 활발하게 참여하였고 이러한 수업개선활동의 활발한 참여는 교사들의 교사효능감 인식 수준을 높이는 결과를 가져왔다. 본 연구는 학교활력 인식과 수업개선활동, 교사효능감 간의 관계를 실증적으로 밝혔다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 연구 결과에 더하여 시사점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.This study was conducted to identify the structural relationship between the perception of school vitality, class improvement activities, and teaching efficacy. The analysis was made using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 22.0 software and was conducted on the basis of the 9th year (2020) of the Gyeonggi Education Longitudinal Study. The study points to the following: 1. The perception of school vitality had a positive effect on teachers’ class improvement activities. Teachers were more actively involved in class improvement activities when they perceived school vitality to be high. 2. Class improvement activities had a positive effect on teachers’ efficacy. The more the teachers actively participated in class improvement efforts, the higher the perception of the teachers’ efficacy. 3. The perception of school vitality had a positive effect on teachers’ efficacy. The stronger the perception of school vitality, the greater the perception of teachers’ efficacy. 4. The perception of school vitality had a positive effect on teachers’ efficacy, as realized through class improvement activities. Teachers who perceived high school vitality participated more actively in class improvement activities, which, in turn, led to an increase in the level of teachers’ perception in their efficacy. The importance of this study is that it empirically established the relationship between school vitality perception, class improvement activities, and teachers’ efficacy and has also suggested implications of this relationship and the necessity of follow-up research.
A Study on the Spirit of Scholars in Kim Jun-yop"s Memoir, The Long March

김준엽은 항일전쟁 시기를 비롯하여 한중수교 이전부터 중국의 북경대학, 남경대학, 절강대학, 복건대학, 연변대학 등 유수의 대학교에 한국학연구소를 설립하고 한중친선의 씨앗을 뿌린 선각자이다. 그는 한국인으로는 유일무이하게 중국 교육부에서 수여하는 ‘중국어언문화우의장’(中國語言文化友誼獎)을 수상하였고 중국 학술계의 태두였던 계선림으로부터 "열정적이고 소박하고 부드럽고 정직한 분인데 그 어떤 방면으로 보아도 동방 최고 윤리 도덕의 표준에 도달한 분"이라는 평가를 받았다. 본고에서는 주로 사회역사적 비평방법과 전기적 비평방법을 통해 김준엽의 회고록 『장정』에 나타난 선비정신을 네 가지로 나누어 분석했다. 첫째, 『장정』의 서사기법과 책략 둘째, 학병탈출 1호로서 김준엽의 독립운동가로서의 활동 셋째, 학자로서의 김준엽의 학술업적 넷째, 대학 행정가 및 경영자, 한중지식교류 증인으로서의 김준엽의 다양한 행적에 대해서 집중 조명했다. 이를 통해 개인적 기록이 곧 집단적 체험의 내용이자 한 공동체의 역사를 일정하게 반영하고 있음을 분석했고, 나아가서 시대의 변화를 앞서 예지하는 한 선각자 및 선비로서의 김준엽의 노력이 개인의 영역을 넘어서 우리사회와 민족의 역사에 지대한 기여를 했음을 확인했다. Kim Jun-yop was a pioneer who sowed the seeds of Korea-China friendship by establishing Korean studies institutes at leading universities in China, such as Peking University, Nanjing University, Zhejiang University, Fujian University, and Yanbian University, before the establishment of diplomatic relations between Korea and China, including during the Anti-Japanese War. He was the only Korean to receive the "Chinese Language and Culture Friendship Award" from the Chinese Ministry of Education. Additionally, he received praise from the eminent Chinese scholar Ji Xianlin, who described him as "passionate, simple, gentle, and honest—a person who, in every respect, embodies the highest standards of Eastern ethics and morality." In this paper, the scholarly spirit shown in Kim Jun-yop"s memoir, The Long March, was analyzed by dividing it into the following four categories through social and historical and biographical criticism methods: 1) Narrative techniques and strategies in The Long March, 2) Kim Jun-yop"s activities as an independence activist as the first student soldier escapee, 3) Kim Jun-yop"s academic achievements as a scholar, and 4) Kim Jun-yop"s various activities as a university administrator, manager, and witness tothe knowledge exchange between Korea and China. Personal records are the content of collective experiences and reflect the history of a community. Furthermore, Kim Jun-yop"s efforts as a pioneer and scholar who foresaw changes went beyond the personal realm and influenced society. He made a significant contribution to the nation’s history.
Increasing the Students Ability in Vocabulary Mastery by Using Flash Card at the Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 1 Gido in 2022/2023

The lack of English vocabulary mastery becomes a problem for SMP Negeri 1 Gido. The purpose of this research is to increase the student’s ability in vocabulary mastery by using Flash Card. The research was conducted using quantitative methods. The subject of the research was the students in SMP Negeri 1 Gido in 2022/2023. The research has been conducted in two cycles, in which each cycle consisted of two meetings, There were four steps in conducting this research namely: Planning, Action, Observation, and Reflection. Then the researcher used observation sheet, evaluation sheet, and field notes to collect the data. From the result of the research in each cycle, it has been shown that the students improved through Flash Card. In Cycle I the average of the students’ values was 52. Because the result was not satisfying, so the research is continued to Cycle II by considering the weaknesses of Cycle I. In Cycle II the average of the students’ values was 80. Based on the analysis of research findings, it can be concluded that Flash Card can increase the student's ability in mastering vocabulary in reading descriptive text and recommended to be applied in school.
Economy Works Differently: Any Good Entrepreneur Drives Investment by Its Future Earnings Rather Than Its Spending, So Why Do Governments Drive by GDP (Consumption+ Investment Spending)?

GDP, even net of obsolescence (NDP) has to be considered only as an expense (investment is an expense; consumption is an expense). As an entrepreneur you will never manage your investments by looking only the expenses; it is clear you will make decisions on gains. As a person, will you look at the expenses you make to acquire stocks or at the gains? Thus it must have been clear that you will never manage a country by costs, so why do governments use GDP (consumption plus investment spending) to drive their economy? Governments should manage gains: wealth created, which is the full result you get from all these expenses.
Pemodelan Inspeksi Kerusakan Ban Mobil Menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

Tire damage inspection can be categorized as part of vehicle maintenance with the aim of ensuring that the tire condition is in good condition. Visual inspection using human observation has limitations, making it not always accurate and can result in errors in determining tire suitability. This research designs a machine learning modeling using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to detect damage to mobile tires. The parameters used in the CNN model training are the Adam optimizer, learning rate 0.0001, batch size 16, and using the Early Stopping function. In this study, the CNN modeling was tested with two treatments, namely using a dataset without data augmentation and a dataset using data augmentation, then the results were evaluated using a confusion matrix. The results showed that data augmentation treatment can significantly improve model performance, with an increase in accuracy of 20%, precision of 14%, recall of 22%, and f1-score of 19% compared to treatment without data augmentation
Perancangan Aplikasi Berbasis Web Sebagai Alat Pendukung Keputusan Dalam Memilih Ac Hemat Energi

The increase in global energy demand has driven the need for efficient solutions in selecting energy-efficient air conditioners (ACs). This research focuses on designing a web-based application as a decision support tool for choosing energy-efficient ACs. Energy-efficient labeled AC data is obtained from the Directorate General of New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation (EBTKE) website. This database is processed according to the system's requirements, where each AC brand is evenly represented to prevent dominance by a few brands. There are 11 different AC brands in this dataset, and each brand has 10 data samples. The web-based application is developed using the Python programming language with the Streamlit framework. This application allows users to compare various AC brands by considering power, annual energy consumption, efficiency value, and electricity cost. In the application design, users can select AC brands according to their needs, set the operating duration, choose the AC efficiency level, and select the inverter AC type. The application presents comparisons in the form of bar charts, making it easy for users to understand the differences in AC characteristics. The average results from the efficiency comparison of each AC brand reveal that Daikin achieves the highest efficiency at 16.36 Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER), while the GREE brand has the lowest efficiency at 5.83 EER. This application can assist consumers and industrial AC stakeholders in making decisions to choose energy-efficient ACs according to their needs.
Detection of Anomalies in Pedestrian Walking Using OpenPose and Bidirectional LSTM

OpenPose is employed for accurate human pose estimation, while bidirectional LSTM is used to model temporal dependencies in pedestrian movement. Despite its potential, this research faces several challenges. Firstly, the accurate detection of subtle anomalies in pedestrian gait requires robust feature extraction and representation. Secondly, handling occlusions, varying walking speeds, and complex environmental conditions can impact pose estimation accuracy and anomaly detection. Additionally, the scarcity of annotated anomaly data poses a challenge for model training and generalization. Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCN), Attention mechanisms, LSTM are recently used techniques. This work deals with the processing of camera recordings of pedestrians walking and the subsequent detection of abnormal events such as a person falling while walking. To achieve this functionality, the bidirectional LSTM is used that detect people in the image and extract the coordinates of their skeleton. The study will subsequently use the data obtained from the human skeleton to detect anomalies using Openpose.
Controlling the Number of Spikes in FitzHugh–Nagumo System Under Periodic Forcing

In this paper we analyse the impact of time-limited periodic signal on FitzHugh-Nagumo system in excitable regime. We show that favorable combination of conditions for frequency and duration of the periodic forcing can lead to periodic spiking behaviour with controllable number of spikes. These results can be useful for realization of artificial neural networks based on FitzHugh-Nagumo systems.
Guideline for Including Unperceivable Knowledge in a Universal Ontology Experimentation Field: Ontology Malagasy

This article suggests a cognitive approach to initiate the inclusion of unperceivable worlds into established ontologies. We qualify as unperceivable any world that escapes automatic data exploration because of the leak of sufficient documentation. Initially based on knowledge engineering, the approach aims in the long term at the automatic production of knowledge vectors that can be assimilated to existing corpora. It leverages a proven and extendable universal ontology and is experienced in the emerging world of Malagasy culture.
A Study on the Analysis of Web-based Learning Korean Textbooks for Students with Multicultural Backgrounds : Focusing on 'Self-Learning Vocabulary in Subject'.

This study attempted to analyze <Self-Learning Vocabulary in Subject>, a Korean supplementary textbook made for multicultural background learners, by reflecting the demand for materials of the learners and web-based books tailored to the current trend. To this end, the criteria and requirements presented in the relevant previous studies were used to prepare criteria for analysis, and analysis was conducted focusing on secondary textbooks. As a result of the textbook analysis, all non-learning composition section were fulfilled, but it was regrettable that vocabularyrelated information was not provided in the internal composition of learning. It was also regrettable that it did not reflect the intercultural perspective. In terms of web characteristics, there were complementary points such as not providing sufficient data and two-way communication. Therefore, this study proposed four complementary items based on the analysis results, such as expanding the Korean vocabulary for learning, considering learner characteristics, actively utilizing web characteristics, and supplementing guidelines.
‘deul’ as the Subjecthood Tests.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the properties of the plural marker 'deul' and to discuss what qualifications 'deul' has as a subjecthood test. Matters to be noted when using 'deul' as a subjecthood test are as follows. First, 'deul' combines well with nouns with high-animacy, among which are human nouns. Second, the event plural 'deul' is consistent with a predicate that can be interpreted distributionally. In Chapter 3, subjecthood was verified for the multiple subject constructions presented in the previous discussion. As a result, problems arising from the use of 'deul' as a subjecthood test in existing discussions were revealed, and subjecthood verification results different from previous discussions were derived.
Att-Sinkhorn: Multimodal Alignment with Sinkhorn-based Deep Attention Architecture

Multimodal alignment aims to establish a matching relationship between multimodal features, connecting parts of different modalities that contain the same or similar semantics. To increase the accuracy of the alignment of multimodal features, we propose a modality alignment method based on the Sinkhorn metric and attention mechanism - Att-Sinkhorn algorithm. The algorithm converts the alignment and matching problem between different modal features into the discrete Monge problem in the optimal transport, which compares the distance between the probability distributions corresponding to different modalities directly. In order to get practical solutions, the algorithm obtains the approximate solution of the original discrete Monge problem by introducing entropy regularization to perform Kantorovich relaxation. The transformed alignment problem can be considered as a matrix scaling problem based on the principle of mass conservation, and the Sinkhorn algorithm is used for iterative solutions. To verify the effectiveness of the Att-Sinikhorn algorithm, we adopt experiments on a typical task in multimodal alignment, image captioning, which requires mapping between textual and visual information. Empirical results and analysis indicate the effectiveness of the Att-Sinkhorn algorithm for multimodal alignment.
Dual Frequency Unwrapping Optimization Algorithm for High-Speed Fringe Projection System

Due The dual-frequency number-theoretic phase unwrapping approach is often used in high-speed FPP 3D measurements due to its small number of projected images. However, the traditional number-theoretic phase unwrapping method still produces phase unwrapping errors, which are caused by the complex surface reflectivity of the object and the noise in the camera sensor. These errors significantly affect the reconstruction quality of the system. In this paper, we propose a method to improve the accuracy of the dual-frequency number-theoretic phase unwrapping algorithm. First, we correct the error using the unique attribute of the fringe error of the number theory phase unwrapping algorithm. Then, we obtain the local continuous phase using the multi-frequency phase unwrapping algorithm. Based on the local continuous phase, the spatial phase unwrapping approach can rectify low-precision absolute phase, significantly reducing the effect of noise and enhancing phase unwrapping reliability. Our experiments effectively demonstrate that our method enhances the algorithm's performance without requiring more patterns.
Optical System Design for Chromatic Confocal Displacement Probes

The Displacement probe is an important part of chromatic confocal systems, and its imaging capabilities directly affect the performance of the system. The optical structure of the probe is usually designed as a whole, but there are many variables that complicate the design. In this paper, a modular structure design scheme of the probe is proposed to simplify the design. The optical system consists of the collimation lens and the hyperchromatic lens, which are designed and optimized separately. The initial structural design scheme based on the aberration theory is mainly introduced. Two probes with ranges of 3 mm and 10 mm are taken as examples to show that different measurement performance of the probe can be achieved by changing the lens module. Finally, the height of three standard gauge blocks was measured with a 3 mm range displacement probe. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the spectral response curve in the working spectral band is 0.9-5.9 nm, and the height measurement errors of gauge blocks are less than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$3.0\ \mu\mathrm{m}$</tex> . In the case of selecting other experimental devices, the designed probe not only has high resolution, but also achieves micron-level measurement error. The proposed design scheme is feasible.
The Mediated Learning Experience Method On The Quality of Interaction Between Mothers and Children

This study aims to determine the effect of applying the Mediated Learning Experience (MLE) method on mothers with children aged 5-6 years to improve the quality of interaction in learning assistance activities. The research approach used was quantitative with pre-experimental types. The research design used was single-group, pretest-posttest. The population of this study was all students at Nadira Kindergarten, Takalar Regency. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, so the subjects in this study were seven children aged 5-6 years. The data collection technique used in this study was the NST questionnaire, interviews, and Mediated Learning Experience Rating Scale (MLERS) instrument. The methods used are descriptive statistical analysis and nonparametric statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results of hypothesis testing using the SPSS application show that the data Asymp (2-tailed) = 0.018 &lt;0.05, then Ha is accepted, and H0 is rejected. The results showed an effect of applying the Mediated Learning Experience (MLE) method on the quality of interaction between mothers and children aged 5-6 years in learning assistance activities
A case study on the effect of repeated reading aloud for mathematics textbooks

This study aimed to proposed repeated reading aloud, which combines repetitive reading and reading aloud, as a method for teaching and learning mathematics. We investigated the effect of repeated reading aloud on students' academic achievement and cognitive load, and explored the implications of repeated reading aloud as a method for teaching and learning mathematics. To this end, we conducted a case study involving repeated reading aloud for two units: the limit of a function and the number of cases. The study targeted four 9th-grade students and four 10th-grade students, analyzing how their academic achievement and cognitive load changed. As a result, the eight students showed positive changes in academic achievement and cognitive load as the repeated reading aloud accumulated. When comparing the units, the academic achievement was lower for the limit of function than the number of cases. In terms of cognitive load, students exhibited higher cognitive load in the unit on the limit of function. When compared cognitive load by grade, there was no significant difference after 3rd repeated reading. However, in both units, the academic achievement of four 10th-grade students was higher than that of four 9th-grade students. Nonetheless, the gap narrowed as the reading aloud was repeated.