Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of decentralized finance protocols

Decentralized finance (DeFi) has revolutionized the financial industry in recent years. Industries such as banking, insurance, and investment are experiencing a significant shift due to the growth of DeFi. The decentralized finance market is expanding exponentially, emphasizing the potential of digital currencies and decentralized platforms in providing an alternative to the traditional finance paradigm. It eliminates the need for costly intermediaries, reduces transaction fees, and increases accessibility to financial services for everyone, regardless of their geographic location or economic status. With the enormous increase in cryptocurrency investment, individuals and institutions have started to use DeFi. In this context, understanding the architecture and working mechanisms of different DeFi protocols becomes crucial in creating new and innovative products. This review paper explores various DeFi protocols, including derivatives, decentralized exchanges (DEX), lending and borrowing, asset management, and stablecoins. It analyses their internal structure and composability, providing insights into how these protocols can be combined to create new and innovative DeFi products and explore the potential of DeFi in providing an alternative to the traditional finance paradigm.
Augmented reality for supporting geo-spatial planning: An open access review

Augmented reality is gaining traction across many domains. One such being participation within geo-spatial planning projects. The interactive and three-dimensional nature of augmented reality is suitably placed to cater for a higher quality of communication and information exchange in planning processes. Thus, this research provides an overview of the use of AR in planning processes, specifically regarding the participation aspect, through an open-access systematic literature review, for which the investigation identifies 35 articles concerning the current state-of-the-art of augmented reality in planning. Findings indicate the rather limited use of augmented reality in the overall planning process due to technical limitations. Nonetheless, it shows to be a useful technology where it allows for a higher user engagement and a clearer understanding amongst users in planning projects. Additionally, in participation, the technology offers a motivational solution and creates an overall higher acceptance and awareness of the plan, making the participants more engaged and represented in the planning process.
Catégorisation de la densité mammaire et dépistage organisé du cancer du sein

The objective of this study was to evaluate the intra- and inter-rater agreement of radiologists regarding the evaluation of breast density.Breast density assessments of 120 cases were performed by four radiologists in the city of Ouagadougou according to the fifth edition of the American College of Radiology BI-RADS atlas. Cohen's weighted kappa coefficients and Fleiss kappa coefficients were used to estimate agreement between observers and with a panel of three experts radiologists. A new evaluation of the 120 cases was performed by all raters one month after the initial evaluation.Inter-rater kappa coefficients ranged from 0.55 to 0.74. The Fleiss kappa coefficient was 0.58, 0.43, 0.41, and 0.43 for categories A, B, C, and D respectively. In terms of classification into "sparse breasts" and "dense breasts", the kappa coefficients ranged from 0.47 to 0.67. Taking the results of the expert panel as a reference, the proportion of false positives in the diagnosis "dense breasts" ranged from 18.6% to 26.8%. Intraobserver agreement was good.Our study showed moderate to good intra- and inter-raters agreements. Upgrading and harmonisation of practices will be used to empower radiologists to participate in organised breast cancer screening in Burkina Faso.
Accelerating Multiframe Blind Deconvolution via Deep Learning

Ground-based solar image restoration is a computationally expensive procedure that involves nonlinear optimization techniques. The presence of atmospheric turbulence produces perturbations in individual images that make it necessary to apply blind deconvolution techniques. These techniques rely on the observation of many short exposure frames that are used to simultaneously infer the instantaneous state of the atmosphere and the unperturbed object. We have recently explored the use of machine learning to accelerate this process, with promising results. We build upon this previous work to propose several interesting improvements that lead to better models. As well, we propose a new method to accelerate the restoration based on algorithm unrolling. In this method, the image restoration problem is solved with a gradient descent method that is unrolled and accelerated aided by a few small neural networks. The role of the neural networks is to correct the estimation of the solution at each iterative step. The model is trained to perform the optimization in a small fixed number of steps with a curated dataset. Our findings demonstrate that both methods significantly reduce the restoration time compared to the standard optimization procedure. Furthermore, we showcase that these models can be trained in an unsupervised manner using observed images from three different instruments. Remarkably, they also exhibit robust generalization capabilities when applied to new datasets. To foster further research and collaboration, we openly provide the trained models, along with the corresponding training and evaluation code, as well as the training dataset, to the scientific community.
WossiDiA

Abstract This article sheds light on the digital transformation of Richard Wossidlo’s regional ethnographic and linguistic collection into the research environment WossiDiA. The Digital Wossidlo Archive is based on making handwritten sources and their indexing visible to users. It has been implemented as a hypergraph database, whose abundance of node and hyperedge types is suitable for representing the diversity and delicate nature of the tradition archive. This paper will discuss how proprietary properties have been preserved in the transformation process and how the digital collection is compatible with big data scenarios. Follow-up projects have contributed to this. “Efficiency,” the necessity of resource-saving, will also be problematized. Finally, it will be shown how a sparse ethnographic fieldnote can be enriched into a complex hypergraph extract, a method which is reminiscent of dragnet detection.
Negative structures in neo-standard Italian: <b> <i>non è che</i> </b> (‘it is not that’) + S and <b> <i>mica</i> </b> (‘a crumb’) in comparison

Abstract In 1994, in a thought-provoking paper focusing on the developments emerging in the renewed standard variety of Italian, Monica Berretta formulated a few previsions concerning the future admittance into the norm of a number of traits, in her own words, “features, or better, clusters of features that, in today’s Italian, appear more likely to succeed in establishing themselves in the ongoing process of language change, since they are both co-occurrent and typologically coherent [ my translation ]”. Those features included the incipient emergence of three negative constructions: i) a construction involving the negative operator mica (&lt; Latin ‘crumb’), either in post-verbal position without a pre-verbal negative marker (e.g. Sono mica scemo ‘I am not a fool’) or ii) in pre-verbal position (e.g. Mica sono scemo ‘I am not a fool’) and iii) a sentential negation entailing the cleft construction non è che (‘it is not that’) + S (e.g. Questo intervento non è che c’entri molto con il programma del congresso… ‘It is not that this proposal is particularly relevant to the conference’s theme…’), which Berretta considered to be favoured in prognostic terms. In this paper, the occurrences of negative constructions within the KIParla corpus will be compared with the corresponding occurrences in a thirty-hour corpus extracted from the Teche Rai data base [www.teche.rai.it], dating back to the 60s, 70s and 80s of the twentieth century. It will be argued that the cleft construction non è che + S has hitherto prevailed at the expense of the others (involving the use of the negative operator mica ), that have specialised to express a few distinctive pragmatic and discursive functions.
Stereo vision based robot welding

Abstract The most important advantages of robotic welding are precision and productivity. Introducing visual systems in welding allows one to easily position the elements that are welded. The robot will then perform welding without error after recording the welding points. The application of visual systems in robotics is very important because it enables the autonomous work of the robot. Stereo vision is used for three-dimensional reconstruction of the robot’s environment based on images captured by cameras. The stereo system consists of two cameras and a computer that processes the recorded images using appropriate programs and algorithms. The accuracy of estimating coordinates in space using a visual system is very important, it is necessary to estimate the parameters of the cameras and define their dependence. The relationship between the two cameras, as well as their basic parameters, are assessed by camera calibration. After calibrating the camera for each 2D coordinate, obtained from the camera sensor, it is possible to determine which set of points it belongs to in the 3D coordinate system. One of the most important and most difficult problems in the reconstruction of a 3D object is finding points on the planes of images that were created from the same physical point. The problem of correspondent points is also considered in this paper. To present the efficiency and reliability of the proposed solution for obtaining 3D coordinates of points in space, the proposed solution was tested in the laboratory and satisfactory results are obtained.
Analysis of the problems of acquisition of digital photographs intended to determine the required dimensional accuracy of the product

Abstract In this paper, some of the problems arising from the acquisition of digital photography intended to determine the dimensional accuracy of products are discussed. Different equipment (digital cameras, lenses, and lighting) was used when acquiring photos in different formats. In mechanical engineering, the tolerances of dimensional measurements of products range from a few microns to 100 microns. Based on that, the technical specifications and capabilities of the cameras and lenses used are analyzed. In addition to the sensor, the resolution of the photo is often limited by the lens. Prior to the acquisition of photographs, problems such as lighting, contrast, sharpness, and the problem of central projection are addressed. During acquisition, technical specifications of the lens such as focal length, minimum focusing distance, aperture, and other lens features that cause acquisition problems are considered. This research and analysis led to valuable insights and conclusions that will facilitate the preparation of the acquisition of digital photography to determine the dimensional accuracy of the product.
A model of sustainable information security management system in higher education institutions

Abstract Modern business systems have the expectations and requirements of users and stakeholders for safer and better services that are constantly growing. The increasing use of information technology in business increases the threats and vulnerabilities to which information resources are exposed, which causes an increase in information risks. Many business institutions must constantly monitor their activities to establish an organized and sustainable information security management system and services. The requirements of the international standard ISO/IEC 27001 and the generally accepted COBIT management framework are important for the application of such a system. The paper presents a model of a sustainable information security management system (ISMS) at universities.
PyDigitizer – A Python module for digitizing 2D curves

Abstract The paper presents a PyDigitizer application designed to extract numerical coordinates of existing curves from image format. The application is created in the Python programming language and offers the possibility of manual extraction of curve coordinates, intersection of curves with user-specified abscissa or ordinate, generation of polynomial regression equations of curves. All generated information (coordinates, intersection points, regression curves) can be exported to Microsoft Excel. Also, point coordinates of Excel curves can be loaded into PyDigitizer to obtain polynomial regression curves or intersections.
A novel waypoint guidance and adaptive evolution strategy for unmanned aerial vehicle 3D route planning

In the field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) mission planning, autonomous route planning in complex 3D environments represents a crucial aspect. To enhance the utilization of valuable information and increase search efficiency when solving path planning problems in 3D environments, a novel UAV route planning algorithm named WG-GWO is proposed with a waypoint guidance and an adaptive evolution strategy. Initially, we introduce a novel waypoint extraction method based on cubic B-spline to harness crucial information from individuals eliminated during the evolutionary process. Subsequently, an adaptive evolutionary direction selection strategy is introduced, which utilizes historical information and a differential operator to improve the search ability. The WG-GWO also incorporates Le´vy flight to prevent premature convergence to local minimums. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, demonstrating that WG-GWO outperforms several existing algorithms in generating feasible routes and achieving faster convergence speeds across various scenarios. These results suggest that WG-GWO holds potential for practical engineering applications.
AntCom: An effective and efficient anti-tracking system with dynamic and asymmetric communication channel

The increasingly rampant network monitoring and tracing bring the huge challenge on the protection of network users’ privacy. Even though the existing anonymous systems mitigate these threats, they often sacrifice anonymity for efficiency or vice-versa. Systems that offer strong privacy guarantees, such as Dissent, have high cost in computation and communication efficiency. Scalable systems, such as Tor, have low resistance to traffic analysis. We present AntCom, an effective and efficient communication system that provides low latency and high tracking-resistance. AntCom improves the tracking-resistance of communication via bidirectional ring communication. Different with the communication path with multiple hops, AntCom establishes a communication ring which is constructed by several nodes in bidirectional ring structure. The communication ring randomly chooses its exit node by collaborative decryption to deliver the message to achieve the dynamics of communication path. Because of the bidirectional ring structure, the uplink and downlink of two users’ communication will be split in the communication ring. Then, AntCom decrease the overlap of the paths in the uplink and downlink, and improves the tracking-resistance when confronted with the association-analysis based network tracing. Our evaluations of AntCom in latency overhead and tracking-resistance show that the latency of AntCom is linearly proportional to the size of communication ring, and the tracking-resistance of AntCom performs better than the multi-hops based anonymous system.
Does Complexity Mean Quality? Association between Popular Automatic Linguistic Complexity Measures and L2 Writing Quality Features

power of linguistic complexity is lower for content quality, organisational quality, and mechanical quality (around 17-19%), and these associations and models are also difficult to interpret theoretically.It also means that complexity does not equal quality and that automated complexity indices are not a substitute for human rating by writing teachers and experts.In summary, complexity and writing quality are two constructs that are both associated and separable at the same time.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Hospitality Employees’ Work Outcomes

The aim of this systematic literature review is to analyze the existing literature on the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on employee work outcomes in the hospitality industry context. This paper systematically reviews the association between AI and employee work outcomes through an extensive literature review of published peer-reviewed English articles. Eighteen articles have been found in 12 journals and analyzed through deductive approach. The findings were synthesized into three major themes: enablers or inhibitors of AI adoption, the type of AI-related technique, outcomes of AI adoption. Well-being, turnover intention, and job engagement were identified as the most significant and most commonly studied outcomes of AI adoption.
Open Source and Free Software Licenses for Embedded Systems

Several open source operating systems are being used in commercial embedded applications, such as smartphones, set-top boxes, routers, video game consoles, and many other consumer electronics. One of the best examples is the Linux kernel, which is present in millions of different embedded devices. That said, the Linux kernel is licensed under GNU General Public License version 2 (GPLv2), which enforces any derivative work to be licensed under the same terms as the original license. Embedded device manufacturers must be aware of such clauses and understand how to handle the distribution of their systems, including free software and open source operating systems, such as Linux kernel. This chapter covers relevant aspects of different open source licenses regarding operating systems and some common issues faced by developers of commercial applications. The foundation knowledge is presented to guide readers to choose an open source operating system according to its license for embedded commercial applications.
Random Lindblad Operators Obeying Detailed Balance

We introduce different ensembles of random Lindblad operators $\cal L$, which satisfy quantum detailed balance condition with respect to the given stationary state $\sigma$ of size $N$, and investigate their spectral properties. Such operators are known as `Davies generators' and their eigenvalues are real; however, their spectral densities depend on $\sigma$. We propose different structured ensembles of random matrices, which allow us to tackle the problem analytically in the extreme cases of Davies generators corresponding to random $\sigma$ with a non-degenerate spectrum for the maximally mixed stationary state, $\sigma = \mathbf{1} /N$. Interestingly, in the latter case the density can be reasonably well approximated by integrating out the imaginary component of the spectral density characteristic to the ensemble of random unconstrained Lindblad operators. The case of asymptotic states with partially degenerated spectra is also addressed. Finally, we demonstrate that similar universal properties hold for the detailed balance-obeying Kolmogorov generators obtained by applying superdecoherence to an ensemble of random Davies generators. In this way we construct an ensemble of random classical generators with imposed detailed balance condition.
Implication of efficient market hypothesis and arbitrage pricing theory in Chepkube market at the Kenya-Uganda border: A critique of literature review

Essentially, a market is the only point of convergence where actual exchanges betweenknowledgeable willing buyers on one hand and innovative creators of goods and services happen,and the end product is wealth, money and profit. The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) isfounded on the premise that it is impossible to “beat the market” because market efficiencycauses existing asset prices to always incorporate and reflect all relevant information. In anefficient capital market, the security prices reflect all the available information, and excess returnis not possible by trading on the basis of new information. Markets are broadly broken into twocomponents: markets for goods and commodities as well as the money markets. The ArbitragePricing Theory is an asset pricing model that explains the cross-sectional variation in assetreturns or prices. This study analyses the applicability of both EMH and APT theories inChepkube; largely a goods and commodities market located at the Kenya-Uganda border in EastAfrica. Desk research methodology was used for this study. The study interrogates the existingliterature in eliciting the required information necessary for the research findings. The researchfindings suggest that only the weak and semi strong form of EMH exists at Chepkube while theAPT in its simplest form dominates the market trends as brokers seize, create, and controlpertinent information. The results provide customers, entrepreneurs, SMEs, researchers,financiers, government regulators and other interest groups with insights on efficient markets; aswell as opportunities for further empirical research.
Is the Emphasis on Cofinancing Good for Environmental Multilateral Funds?

International environment and development agencies increasingly emphasize external cofinancing when selecting projects to fund. This paper considers whether the emphasis on cofinancing helps promote institutional objectives, or creates perverse and inefficient incentives. We present a model of project selection that can apply to any funding agency, but focus on environmental multilateral funds and climate change. We show that introducing cofinancing objectives to a fund that seeks to maximize its immediate environmental impact is redundant as best, and more likely counterproductive. We test implications of our model using project-level data from two of the leading environmental multilateral funds, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the Green Climate Fund (GCF). While tradeoffs exist between emission reductions and cofinancing, we find that they are not strong enough to imply that current cofinancing preferences are diminishing the environmental benefits that funds can claim. However, we also find that the emphasis on cofinancing in project selection is likely to be globally inefficient, as projects with greater cofinancing ratios tend to yield smaller emission reductions per gross dollar spent. This finding should sound a note of caution given the overall scarcity of financial resources available to achieve global climate goals.Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at www.nber.org.
"Zero Cost'' Majority Attacks on Permissionless Blockchains

Permissionless blockchains were constructed with a view to being sustainably secure. At the heart of blockchain consensus mechanisms was an explicit cost (whether it be work or stake) for participation in the network and the opportunity to propose blocks that would be added to the blockchain. A key rationale for that cost was to make attacks on the network, which could be theoretically carried out if a majority of nodes were controlled by a single entity, too expensive to be worthwhile. Here we demonstrate that a majority attacker can successfully attack with a negative cost, which shows that explicit participation requirements do not necessarily result in a sustainably secure network. This suggests that sustainable security arises from outside the network protocol itself that regulation the benefits of an attack.Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at www.nber.org.