Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Quantum Concepts

This chapter will help in understanding the concepts of representing quantum states, superposition states, quantum gates, quantum entanglement, and various output visualizations, along with hands-on code using IBM’s Quantum Experience Qiskit, an open-source framework to write and execute quantum programs. Classical computers work on bits whereas quantum computers work on quantum bits or qubits. A state in a qubit can be represented as $$|\left. 0 \right\rangle ,\,\left| 1 \right\rangle$$ or both in $$\left| 0 \right\rangle$$ and $$\left| 1 \right\rangle$$ at the same time, called a superposition state. The advantage of storing a qubit in a superposition state is one can perform computation on all values at the same time, which leads to quantum parallelism. Qubits can be represented using two-dimensional vectors and there are three computational bases called Z basis, X basis, and Y basis. The next part of the chapter will discuss the various quantum gates—single qubit and multi qubit quantum gates. Output of these gates when applied to various states such as $$\left| 0 \right\rangle ,\,\left| 1 \right\rangle ,\,\left| + \right\rangle ,\left| - \right\rangle ,\,\left| i \right\rangle ,\, - \left| i \right\rangle$$ are discussed. The last part of this chapter will discuss the code to generate Bell states also called as quantum entanglement, the output of quantum entanglement using various visualizations supported by Qiskit such as qsphere, state_city, state_hinton, bloch sphere, etc. are explored.
Modified VHDL Implementation of 128-Bit Rijndael AES Algorithm by Asymmetric Keys

Using electronic means to transfer data exposes the data to risk of attack. The increasing usage of electronic media has pushed security into the spotlight. Cryptography's relevance has risen dramatically in recent years as a result of the rise of electronic data transfers. This paper gives us a scenario about the commonly used and well reliable advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm. It also throws light on the information about functional cipher operation. Since digital data is being exchanged at such a rapid rate, the security of information in data storage and transmission becomes significantly more important. The security of information transmitted over wireless networks is of the utmost importance. Security of the data is ensured in wireless communication by encryption and decryption of the data. Security is provided through encryption algorithms used in the transmission channels. Developed as a Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) of the United States, AES is an algorithm that can protect electronic data by encrypting it. The AES algorithm for cryptography is a block cipher that encrypts and decrypts information by means of asymmetric keys.
Restoration and Deblurring the Images by Using Blind Convolution Method

Because of the camera shaking or motion, blurring the image is introduced in the digital photography. Another reason for blurriness of the image is less shutter speed or background light intensity. So because of this, the image important information is significantly degraded. In order to deblur these affected images, there are different techniques. One of the techniques is blind image deblurring and works in different cases as less information or unavailability of point spread function (PSF). The blurred image deblurred process of deconvolving is simple with the help of any deblurring filter when it estimated the PSF. The proposed deblurring process is to be used even in the case of no idea about blur type information. With the help of estimated PSF re-blurred, the deblurred image is takes place. Then, the quality of deblurred image in between the re-blurred image and original blurred image is calculated by the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). The deblurred images are containing the noise, which is produced by the deblurring filters. Every iteration of this method is uses the algorithm of Richardson-Lucy along with blurred image computation and by using PSF image is restored.
An Improved Blind Deconvolution for Restoration of Blurred Images Using Ringing Removal Processing

One of the most difficult challenges in image processing is restoring a defocused image by reducing blur and noise. Blurring characterizes image deterioration, and recovery is accomplished by point spread function estimation and ideal image estimation processing was repeated. Ringing, or wavelike artifacts that arise along strong edges, is a difficult challenge in latent image restoration. Therefore, this paper will introduce an improved blind deconvolution for restoring blurry images using ringing removal process. This paper provides an improved deconvolution technique that uses blur kernel prediction based on dark channels before achieving clear image recovery. To hold picture information and beautify the rims of the ringing impact created at some point of the authentic clean picture recuperation process, an easy bilateral clear out is used. The ringing removal method L0 regularization is used with the restoration process, which can estimate a sharper image. By removing the difference map from the final deconvolution result, it is possible to get a clearer picture without ringing. Finally, the results are presented in terms of performance parameters such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), mean squared error (MSE), and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).The results show that the performance parameters of the improved blind deconvolution model are superior compared to existing image blur removal algorithms.
NEORS - Novel Efficient and Optimal Resource Scheduling Technique for Cloud Infrastructure Services

The cloud computing technique is a combination of web services and virtualization technology. Cloud gives dynamism, vulnerability and versatility based administrations to clients in pay-more only as costs arise style over the web. For virtualized record participation in cloud foundation, distributed computing employs booking and burden adjusting. These two things must be done in an advanced way in a distributed computing environment to get the best use of resources. In late decade, increment in demands (various and complex applications) for cloud administrations is bringing the remaining task at hand up in cloud condition. The purpose of this research work is to develop a technique which could handle the dynamic nature of the attributes of the submitted tasks. In this connection, NEORS technique is proposed. The proposed technique consists of two sub algorithms for handling dynamic user attribute request and dynamic attribute values during the execution of tasks. Simulations were led to assess the viability utilizing Cloudsim test system in cloud server farms and results represents that this implementation achieves better execution as far as resource allocation efficiency, average rate, task allocation and task completion time than the existing strategies.
Exploring IBM Quantum Experience

Nowadays, quantum computing is a very promising technology. Quantum computers, rather than using merely 1 s or 0 s, execute calculations based on the probability of an object's condition before it is measured, allowing them to process exponentially more data than traditional computers. A bit is a single state, such as on or off, up or down, 1 or 0. Instead, operations in quantum computing utilise the quantum state of an item to produce a qubit. These are the undefined qualities of an object before they are discovered, such as an electron's spin or a photon's polarisation. Several firms are releasing tools for quantum computing practice. One of the tools we'll use to implement our quantum programming is IBM's experience. It also aids in the execution of our programs on real quantum devices. We'll look at the IBM Q experience, circuit composer and building circuits with quantum lab notebooks in this chapter. The dashboard containing the fundamental information is introduced in the IBM Q experience. The user interface for learning quantum circuits, qubits and the gates that are used to perform operations on each qubit is outlined in circuit composer. Creating quantum circuits using quantum lab notebooks shows how to build circuits with the Notebook with Qiskit that comes pre-installed on IBM Quantum Experience.
From Quantum Mechanics to Quantum Computing

Quantum computing is an upcoming technology which has the potential to revolutionize our lives with its unprecedented computating powers. A quantum computer works on the principles of Quantum Mechanics, a branch of Physics. Quantum mechanics is the universal theory of nature which governs the microworld and underlies all the physical phenomena. In this chapter, we outline how the basic quantum concepts like probability amplitudes, linear superposition principle, entanglement, etc can be harnessed to perform computations. We discuss the basic concepts of quantum mechanics, starting with Hilbert space methods and describe how quantum bits or qubits can be used.
Explicit Evolutionary Multi-Task Optimization Algorithm

Despite the success enjoyed by the EMT search paradigm, it is worth noting that the implicit EMT algorithms introduced in Chaps. 3 and 4 are designed based on the unified solution representation, and the knowledge sharing across tasks for problem-solving is realized by the implicit genetic transfer in chromosomal crossover.
Improving wavelet-based image compression using self-adaptive binary artificial bee colony algorithm

Nowadays, image compression has become necessary in different fields such as medicine, information technology, business, and others due to the significant increase in high-resolution images. This increased the storage space needed for these images that require techniques to reduce their sizes while maintaining their quality. The current work uses a self-adaptive binary artificial bee colony algorithm to estimate suitable compression parameters for the wavelet-based image compression scheme considering compression ratio and the reconstructed image quality. The experimental results show that the current technique can obtain satisfactory reconstructed images with a high compress ratio compared with the genetic algorithm on grayscale and truecolor images.
Assessing Depression Health Information Using Machine Learning

Evaluating health information using machine learning is a must, especially with the tremendous growth of internet resources. Increased usage of technology may result in a less working lifestyle. Furthermore, continual stress on an individual might increase the likelihood of psychosis. Peer pressure, heart attacks, despair, and a variety of other effects are examples of these ailments. Health information should be accurate in most cases People browse the internet before seeing a doctor. Our main idea is the process of evaluating depression treatment guidelines without automation High-precision medical professional intervention. In our idea we used Naive Bayes classifier with high text classification accuracy. In front When using a naive Bayes classifier, treatment guidelines are cleaned up by Stop With words derived from NLTK to avoid meaningless words. Words-in-a-Bag By constructing a recurrence matrix, the technique is utilized to calculate the number of words. The final product is available as a web application.
Study of the total change of total solar radiation in the city of Baghdad

The study aims to try to find a model for estimating the values of solar radiation in the city of Baghdad by presenting and studying models that estimated the values of solar radiation in the world, and both according to the radiation data of the studied area, and accordingly, this study relied on the presentation of (14) models in calculating the solar radiation, The standard deviation (statistical test) for a set of models was applied and the optimal model was developed to estimate the total solar radiation in the city of Baghdad. The results showed that the optimal model in calculating the total solar radiation in the city of Baghdad is model (3), so the amount of solar radiation according to the optimal model is about (17.324) and its standard degree of the model is about (0.175) Through this model, the total solar radiation is calculated for the city of Baghdad and the total change of the monthly equations for the quantities of the total solar radiation to the city for the period between (1987-2019), the researchers concluded that the total change recorded an increase for all months of the year in the city of Baghdad which was proven by the general trend coefficient, which records a positive value. The total solar radiation was calculated between the three climatic cycles of the city of Baghdad by dividing the study period into three climatic cycles, The first climatic extending from (1987-1997), The second climatic extending from (1998-2008), The third climatic extending from (2009-2019) The total solar radiation amount according to the first climatic cycle was recorded (16.8) and the record of the second climatic cycle is about (17.6) of the amount total solar radiation, and recorded the amount (17.7) for the third climatic cycle. The rate of change between the first and second climatic cycles is also calculated, which amounted to about (0.8) while the rate of change for the same two previous climatic cycles was about (4.76), as for the rate of change between the two climatic, the second and third it reached (0.10), and the rate of change reached (0.560). the researcher also calculated the change in the difference between the three climatic cycles.
Application of Mobile Learning App in Smart English Classroom Under the Background of Information Technology

The era of mobile Internet has spawned the emergence of a new learning method called mobile terminal learning, and countless mobile education APPs have swept in, breaking the time and space limitations of learning and communication. The purpose of this paper is to study the application of mobile learning apps in smart English classrooms under the background of information technology. of students as the research object, one of the classes was given a three-month mobile learning APP-assisted English teaching, and the other class adopted the traditional mode of English teaching. Finally, the students of the two classes were investigated by means of a questionnaire. The survey results show that the smart English teaching model based on mobile learning APP has a very large audience among students.
Satellite-to-aircraft quantum key distribution performance estimation with boundary layer effects

Remarkable progress has been made in satellite-based quantum key distribution (QKD), which can effectively provide QKD service even at the intercontinental scale and construct an ultralong-distance global quantum network. But there are still some places where terrestrial fiber and ground stations cannot be constructed, like harsh mountainous areas and air space above the sea. So the airborne platform is expected to replace the ground station and provide flexible and relay links for the large-scale integrated communication network. However, the photon transmission rate would be randomly reduced, owing to the randomly distributed boundary layer that surrounds the surface of the aircraft when the flight speed is larger than 0.3 Ma. Previous research of airborne QKD with boundary layer effects is mainly under the air-to-ground scenario in which the aircraft is a transmitter, while the satellite-to-aircraft scenario is rarely reported. In this article, we propose a performance evaluation scheme of satellite-to-aircraft QKD with boundary layer effects in which the aircraft is the receiver. With common experimental settings, the boundary layer would introduce a ∼31 dB loss to the transmitted photons, decrease ∼47% of the quantum communication time, and decrease ∼51% of the secure key rate, which shows that the aero-optical effects caused by the boundary layer cannot be ignored. Our study can be performed in future airborne quantum communication designs.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi Menggunakan Model Pedagogi Genre, Saintifik, Dan CLIL

Improving students' ability in scientific explanation and mastery of learning materials is one of the main goals in education. This study aims to explain the increase in the ability to write explanatory texts and mastery of students' concepts through the implementation of genre, scientific, and CLIL (content and language integrated learning) pedagogical models for fifth grade elementary school students. The research design uses a quantitative experiment. There are 2 variables in this study, namely the dependent variable (explanatory text), independent variables (genre, scientific, and CLIL pedagogical models). The population in this study were fifth grade elementary school students for the 2021/2022 academic year in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. Data analysis technique using paired t-test and ANOVA test. The results of this study were that learning to write explanatory texts using genre, scientific, and CLIL pedagogical models experienced a significant increase in students' ability to write explanatory letters. The results of the analysis through the normality test, homogeneity and t test using the SPSS version 20.0 for windows. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the students' pre-test writing ability score was 48 and the post-test score was 68.8. Based on the results of the t-test of students' writing ability, it is known that p = 0.00 ˂ 0.05. Thus it can be interpreted that the ability to write explanatory texts of students has increased after being given learning with genre, scientific, and CLIL pedagogical models. Suggestions from this study are for teachers to use genre, scientific, and CLIL pedagogical models in learning to write explanatory texts. This is intended so that learning to write explanatory texts can achieve the learning objectives.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Explanation text, Pedagogi Genre Models, CLIL, Saintific, Writing Skills.
Image aesthetic ranking using deep convolutional neural network

This paper presents a method for achieving the aesthetic quality of images captured by (continuous shooting mode), To tell the difference between high-quality and low-quality pictures, we used a type of convolutional neural network (AlexNet) for feature extraction and image classification. The experimental results showed that our approach can achieve good results in assessing the aesthetic quality of images. The database adopted in our method is the AVA DP challenge portal.
Bat and grey wolf algorithms to optimize complex network reliability

This paper use two contemporary optimization algorithms inspired by nature to optimize the reliability of complex networks. The first one is the Bat (BA) algorithm that simulates the behavior of bats to echo-locate prey and barriers while the second simulates the command hierarchy and style of hunting mode of gray wolves which is called Grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. To find out the best reliability with the lowest cost, we used five different cost functions whose are logarithm, exponential, exponential with feasibility factor, power and tan functions with these two algorithms, and we got different results. A comparison was made between the results of two algorithms, in addition to discussing the results obtained using five cost functions with two algorithms.
Cyberbullying Instilled in Social Media

In the everchanging world, technology holds up a very big space and is presently infused into almost every sector. And a vast portion of this technological world is influenced by social media. This very impact of social media is not limited within the current boundary of its domination rather it’s expanding with each passing day. With this growing influence, although it’s playing a significant role into bringing this world in a more closely defined arena, it is also attracting a huge number of illicit activities in the name of cyberbullying and scamming. Holding up with this trend, people are sharing more and more of their personal details which includes personal identity, their bank accounts a lot more. In a nutshell, social media is like an open book into the life of a person which does leave some loopholes open for the people to take advantage and use it in their favor. Accessing this book, these cyber-criminals get to use the precious information and use it for blackmailing and bullying only for the purpose of fulfilling their illicit demands which puts the targeted person on a loosely constructed pedestal. As per statistics, it is responsible for the loss of hundreds and thousands of teenagers every year as they suffer from insecurity and stress due to the fear of their personal or private data being leaked. Machine Intelligence plays a key part in mitigating the concept of cyberbullying in social media with respect to personal details and statements given by the users. Several machine learning techniques have been utilized and researched for the same and this chapter focuses on highlighting all the procedures currently used to limit cyberbullying in this area.
Optimized Boolean expression embedding in quantum and reversible logic circuits

The quantum and reversible circuits represent a promising replacement of conventional computers in many applications in the future. The transition between conventional computing and this alternative is indeed a huge paradigm shift. During the transition, embedding of conventional Boolean logic functions and expressions within quantum and reversible logic circuits has to be considered, because conventional computing is generally based on Boolean algebra. This embedding comes with a serious drawback of additional increase in the problem complexity represented by additional constant inputs, the so-called ancillary lines. An algorithmic optimization technique is suggested in this paper to reduce the number of these ancillary lines. With this algorithm embedding of Boolean expressions within reversible/quantum circuits comes out with minimal increase in circuit cost and gate count in the optimized circuits.
An EDGE Supported Ambulance Management System for Smart Cities

Current destruction because of COVID pandemic has force the researchers to think about the upgrading of the healthcare system. Involvement of updated technology can be one of the prospective field to be applied in the healthcare to enhance its efficiency. In this paper, an edge computing supported healthcare system is proposed where smart ambulances are utilized to perform primary diagnosis of the patients and send it to the medical center so that it is possible to organize necessary actions before the patient come. In case of patient coming from long distance it is possible to provide primary treatment for the patient by analyzing the diagnosis information sent from the carrier ambulance. Furthermore, the proposed EHealth system supports video call to establish a communication between the attendant of the ambulance and doctor in case of emergency. All the features together could provide life saving support for the patients especially to them whom are coming from rural area and it takes hours to reach to the hospital. A blockchain is utilized to preserve the sensitive data of the patient and edge computing is used to facilitate the complete process by providing computational supports. A proof-of-concept is presented to simulate the communication protocol through blockchain and performance of the EHealth system is presented in terms of time and storage consumption which shows that it require minimum time and storage to provide these productive support by the EHeath system.