Patterns of development of metacognitive regulation of information activity in the process of professional training

Introduction. The aim of the work was to study the problem of identifying and explaining the main regularities of the formation of metacognitive regulation of the activity of IT specialists at the stage of university training, as well as primary professionalization, which is acute in theoretical and practical terms. Within its framework, a special class of determinants of the genesis of information activity (metacognitive and metaregulatory factors) has been studied for the first time. Materials and methods of research. The author’s methods and techniques were used, as well as the most valid and reliable methods developed in modern metacognitivism: the “Complex questionnaire of metacognitive potential” (CQMP), the method “Metacognitive awareness of activity” (G. Shraw, R. Denison); the method of MAI D. Everson. Methods of mathematical and statistical processing and methods based on the methodology of structural and psychological analysis were used. 150 students of Yaroslavl universities and 45 IT specialists took part in the study. The results of the study. For the first time, it was established that the formation and development of the entire set of metacognitive factors for future IT specialists at the stage of university training, as well as primary professionalization, is realized according to the systemogenetic type, that is, it represents one of the typical varieties of systemogenesis. This most general pattern is manifested in the fact that all the basic principles of systemogenesis are inherent in this dynamics: the principles of unevenness and heterochrony, progressive integration and increasing differentiation, consolidation, simultaneity of the system components, target determination. It is also characterized by more specific, but also significant patterns of the genetic plan: the coordinated nature of genetic rearrangements, their fundamentally nonlinear nature, a combination of progressive and regressive development, the phenomenon of the sensitive period, etc., which is another significant evidence of the complexity of their transformations. Discussion of the results and conclusion. A number of new data have been obtained that reveal and explain the general pattern that the formation and development of the metacognitive sphere of the personality of future IT specialists at different stages of training is characterized by a combination of quantitative and qualitative transformations of the metacognitive sphere. The first are changes in the degree of its integration and differentiation, as well as general organization. The second lies in the existence of qualitative differences between the structural organization of this sphere at different stages, that is, in their heterogeneity. The results obtained, as well as their interpretation, have also the methodological importance, since they open up prospects for the synthesis of three major areas of research that are developing independently from each other so far, that is the psychology of information activity in general and professional training for it, in particular, as well as the theory of systemogenesis and modern metacognitivism.