Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
The Analysis of English Classroom Test in Senior High School

Teaching and testing have been two crucial elements in education. They are complementary and mutually influential. As a part of senior high school English teaching, English language testing has been important in gauging students’ competence. Scientific and reliable classroom teaching tests and assessments can effectively help teachers achieve objectives, change pedagogical approaches, and continuously innovate their methods. Through the use of questionnaires and data gathered from 40 English teachers from senior high school, this paper found that there are still many problems in the senior high school English classroom tests, which are mainly manifested by arbitrary test planning, lack of logic and stratification in questions proposal as well as insufficient research on the washback. The reasons for this situation are mainly due to factors like teachers’ scant understanding of the educational function of classroom tests, the irrationality of the existing evaluation mechanism and inadequate knowledge of students. practical suggestions are made in this regard in order to maximize the value of English classroom assessments zzand facilitate a productive English teaching and learning environment in the future.
The Core Concepts of Mathematics for AI and An Analysis of Mathematical Contents in the &lt;AI Mathematics&gt; Textbook

In this study, ‘data collection’, ‘data expression’, ‘data analysis, and ’optimization and decision-making’ were selected as the core AI concepts to be dealt with in the mathematics for AI education. Based on this, the degree of reflection of AI core concepts was investigated and analyzed compared to the mathematical core concepts and content of each area of the elective course. In addition, the appropriateness of the content of &lt;AI Mathematics&gt; was examined with a focus on core concepts and related learning contents. The results provided some suggestions for answering the following four critical questions. First, How to set the learning path for &lt;AI Mathematics&gt;? Second, is it necessary to discuss the redefinition of the nature of &lt;AI Mathematics&gt;? Third, is it appropriate to select core concepts and terms for &lt;Artificial Intelligence Mathematics&gt;? Last, is it appropriate to present the relevant learning contents of the content system of &lt;AI Mathematics&gt;?
An Analysis of “Gerakan Literasi Sekolah” (GLS) as Character Education Building Through Language Skills

The research aims to shape student character education through language skills activities in class IV of SD IT Al-Izzah Sibuhuan. Data analysis techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. Observations are carried out by observing and recording children's learning activities during learning. In an interview where the interviewer asks directly about an object that is being researched and has been previously designed. This documentation data is used to complement the data obtained from observations and interview. The data sources in this research are the principal and all teachers who teach in class IV at SD IT Al-Izzah Sibuhuan. Implementing the school literacy movement, students read books every day before starting lessons, students pay attention to language skills to improve students' abilities. The results of research by reading students are able to shape their character by exploring the lessons or wisdom they get from reading, so that they can form a character with good character. By writing, students are able to express good and polite words, so that they can form a more creative and communicative character. By listening, students are able to listen well, be responsive, so they can shape students' character for the better. The student character that will be formed through school literacy movement activities is that they like to read and become better and more religious characters
Developing Teaching Material “Jurus Kilat! 6 Minggu Mahir Membaca Tanpa Eja” To Solve Initial Reading Difficulties in Primary School

The purpose of this study is to determine the development, validity, effectiveness , and attractiveness of teaching material " Jurus Kilat! 6 Minggu Mahir Membaca Tanpa Eja " to overcome initial reading difficulties in primary school. This study used the ADDIE model. The developed teaching material are validated by material experts and teaching material experts. The implementation of teaching material is designed with stages of small-scale trials, large-scale trials, teacher and student response questionnaires. The subjects of this research are the Ist grade students of MI Ma'arif NU Sungegeneng , totalling 28 students. Data collection by observation, interview, questionnaires, pre-test and post-test questions, and documentation s . The results of the validity test of teaching material by material experts obtained a percentage of 92.9 and by teaching material experts of 96.7%. The results of the effectiveness test of teaching material seen from the pre-test and post-test values by conducting the N-Gain test using the SPSS 29.0 application obtained an average of 0.56. The results of the attractiveness test of teaching material seen from the teacher response questionnaire obtained a percentage of 95% and the student response questionnaire obtained a percentage of 97.4% which emphasized that teaching material is very suitable to be used as learning support . Keywords : Beginning Reading, Reading Difficulties, Teaching Materials
FACTORS INFLUENCING BITCOIN MARKET VOLATILITY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC CRISIS

ABSTRACTThe ecological structure of the cryptocurrency market and its external environmental impact cannot be ignored. Taking Bitcoin as an example, the study analyzes the Bitcoin market during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis from an environmental perspective based on the differences in the political and economic systems of China and the United States. First, the institutional environment selected in this study is used as an indicator of environmental measurement and divided into formal and informal sectors. In the analysis, the former selects the economic policy uncertainty index of China, while the latter selects bitcoin’s social attention (including Google trends and the Baidu index) and investor sentiment as indicators. Second, financial market data such as foreign exchange and commodity futures are used as indicators for analyzing the environment of the bitcoin market. Using VAR modeling analysis, the results show that both the institutional and the market environment have an impact on bitcoin’s market performance.KEYWORDS: Bitcoineconomic policy uncertaintysocial attentioninvestor sentimentCOVID-19 crisis Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the [Shanghai “Super Postdoctoral” Incentive Program] under Grant [number 2021175]; [Project of Philosophy and Social Science Research in Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province] under Grant [number 2021SJA1096]; and [Special Foundation for Science and Technology Program (Soft Science Research for Innovation Support Program) of Jiangsu Province] under Grant [number BR2022011].Notes on contributorsZhunzhun LiuZhunzhun Liu is currently a postdoctoral fellow at the Post-Doctoral Research Centre of the Shanghai Gold Exchange, which is a joint postdoctoral programme with the School of Management of Fudan University. She has a Ph.D. degree in Business Management from Zhejiang University. This paper is a subtopic of her doctoral thesis. Her research interests include Financial Market Infrastructure and FinTech, which focuses on third-party payments and cryptocurrencies.Lu-Xi ZouLu-Xi Zou is a senior engineer, associate professor at the School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University. As first or corresponding author, he has more than twenty papers published in important journals with impact factors and Journal Citation Reports in Web of Sciences. He has experience in the area of Information Management. Her research interests are Information Economy, Fintech, and Machine Learning.
From Fraudsters to Scammers and Cyber-Villains, Tech-Savvy Criminals Are Out to Steal Your Money

Today, more than ever before, criminals are out to steal from your business. However, today, criminals not only use organized shoplifting gangs and engage in armed robberies, but they now also use computers and the internet. Bernie Madoff and Sam Bankman-Fried have joined the lengthy list of well-known criminals before Charles Ponzi.&#x0D; The Fraud Triangle (Cressey, 1973) is based upon Opportunity, Incentive, and Rationalization. The COVID-19 pandemic created a perfect storm of opportunity for would-be scammers. The federal government fueled opportunity with $800 billion in COVID relief funding for the Paycheck Protection Program and up to $400 billion for COVID unemployment relief.&#x0D; According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) small businesses are often targeted as they tend to have fewer safeguards in place to prevent fraud. The ACFE reports that the average loss for a small business fraud is $100,000 and an average of five percent of annual revenue.&#x0D; In this paper, the authors provide an overview of current fraud activities and a study of the Traits of Sympathy survey to help examine whether a relationship exists between one’s rationalization and sympathy in their decision to commit fraud in the pre-fraud state. We present research findings and offer recommendations.
Blockchain Security Attacks, Difficulty, and Prevention

Abstract: Blockchain technology is increasingly attracting young people because it is so well adapted to the digital age. A decentralised data management system is necessary for the blockchain idea in order to store and share data and transactions throughout the network. This study investigates various types of risks associated with blockchain technology. The research covers different aspects of blockchain, including the architecture, consensus mechanism, smart contracts, and underlying cryptographic algorithms. It also examines the risks associated with the adoption and implementation of blockchain in various industries, such as finance, healthcare, and supply chain management. Moreover, this study identifies several types of risks, including technical risks, such as scalability, interoperability, and security, as well as non-technical risks, such as regulatory compliance, legal liability, and governance issues. This study also discusses the potential impact of these risks on blockchain-based systems and the strategies that can be used to mitigate them.
Using Buswell’s Equation to Count Quantity of Biomethane in Organochlorine Compounds

Anaerobic digestion is a sustainable technology used in waste treatment and bioenergy production. It is chemically represented by the Buswell&amp;rsquo;s equation which is a significant model for counting theoretical quantity of biomethane. Although pure organic degradable substances or mixtures have been well studied by using Buswell&amp;rsquo;s equation, organochlorine compounds have not yet been explored. This article has three purposes. First, a new general Buswell&amp;rsquo;s equation for organochlorine compounds is deducted. Second, the impact of chlorine element in agricultural wastes on quantity of biomethane is studied. Third, the mathematical relationships among quantity of biomethane, theoretical biochemical methane potential, and biodegradability index are explored.
Corrigendum: Applications and techniques for fast machine learning in science

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2022.787421.].
Moving Average untuk Prediksi Harga Saham dengan Linear Regression

Stocks as investment instruments in the capital market can provide benefits in capital gains but also have the risk of capital loss. Analysis and forecasting methods are needed to support investors. To achieve this, historical data and moving averages are used to reduce short-term random fluctuations in stock prices, and a linear regression algorithm to obtain accurate results by reducing the error rate and Mean Squared Error (MSE) value. The evaluation results show good accuracy with a strong correlation and a low Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) value. In addition, testing on historical data is carried out to test the model and generate significant profits based on predictions from the model. According to the findings derived from the assessment, predicting stocks using the moving average and linear regression methods can help investors gain profits and reduce risk.
How Personality Education the Uses Media Influences the Personality of University Students

This study attempted to verify the effect of personality education courses using media on the personality of university students. The subjects of this study were 189 university students attending university ‘D’ in Busan, consisting of 89 students in an experimental group and 100 students in a control group. The experimental group attended a personality education program using media for 15 weeks, and the control group attended a general education program for 15 weeks.&#x0D; Statistical analysis of the study shows that the experimental group that attended the personality education program showed a more positive effect on personality than that of the control group.&#x0D; Among the personality-related sub-factors of the analysis were global citizenship, consideration, responsibility, and filial piety. The results of this study suggest that personality education courses that use media have a positive effect on the personality of university students. This is meaningful in that this assessment can be used in the practical application of personality education using media in the future.
The Relationship and Impact between Educational Accountability and Organizational Effectiveness Perceived by Child-Care Teachers of Daycare Centers

This study analyzed to specifically understand the relationship between educational accountability and organizational effectiveness of child-care teachers, which have a significant impact on child development and growth in a social environment where the public nature of child-care is growing. To this end, 305 child-care teachers working at national, public, corporate, private, and home daycare centers in Gyeonggi Province were surveyed on their perceptions of educational accountability and organizational effectiveness and analyzed their relevance. As a result, there was a difference in educational accountability and organizational effectiveness perceived by child-care teachers according to the background variables of child-care teachers, and a significant positive correlation between educational accountability and organizational effectiveness as a whole and all sub-areas. In addition, as a result of conducting multiple regression analysis on the effect of educational accountability perceived by child-care teachers on organizational effectiveness, it was found that educational accountability affects organizational effectiveness. Through these results, the relationship between the accountability and organizational effectiveness of child-care teachers was empirically revealed, and the importance of child-care teachers' awareness of accountability and the implications necessary to prepare measures to improve the organizational effectiveness of daycare centers.
Identification of Factors influencing Adolescents’ Career Adaptability through Classification of Latent Profiles

본 연구는 청소년의 진로적응력 유형을 도출하고 이에 대한 예측요인을 분석함으로써 진로적응력 발달을 위한 다각적인 지원 방안을 탐색하고자 하였다. 더 나아가, 진로적응력의 유형에 따른 학업적 성과 및 삶의 만족도에 대한 주관적 인식의 차이를 분석하여 교육 정책적 시사점을 제안하였다. 이를 위하여 KCYPS 2018 4차년도 데이터(n=2,265)를 활용하여 잠재프로파일을 도출하고, 예측요인 분석을 위해 R3STEP 분석과 차이를 검증하기 위한 DE3STEP 분석을 활용하였다. 그 결과, 청소년의 진로적응력은 ‘진로적응 부진집단(42.2%)’, ‘진로적응 우수집단(13.3%)’, ‘진로적응 보통집단(44.5%)’의 3개 잠재프로파일이 도출되었다. 분류된 잠재프로파일 유형에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 개인 변인에서는 학업효능감과 진로계획이 높을수록, 가정 변인에서는 부모 양육태도가 긍정적일수록, 학교 변인에서는 교우관계, 학교생활만족도가 높을수록 진로적응 우수집단에 속할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 진로적응력에 따른 집단별 학업적 성과 및 삶의 만족도에 대한 차이 분석 결과 진로적응력이 낮은 청소년들은 진로적응력이 높은 집단에 비해 자신의 성적 및 삶의 만족도에 대하여 낮게 평가하였으며 이는 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 빠르게 변화하는 미래 사회를 준비하는 청소년들에게 효과적인 진로적응력 발달을 위한 지원 방안이 필요한 점을 제안하였다.This study has explored support measures for the development of career adaptability designed for adolescents by enlisting the types of career adaptation and analyzing predictive factors influencing them. Along with that educational policy implications were proposed by analyzing the influence of the adolescents’ subjective perceptions of their academic performance and satisfaction on their capacity of career adaptability. To achieve the research objective, latent profiles were searched out using data from the fourth year of Korean Child Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) 2018 (n=2,265), and DE3STEP analysis was used to verify the difference between R3STEP analysis and outcome variables for predictive factor analysis. Through the analysis three latent profile groups of adolescents' in career adaptation were identified: “Challenged career adaptation group (42.2%),” “Excellent career adaptation group (13.3%),” and “Regular career adaptation group (44.5%).”Examination of these groups revealed that the higher the academic performance and career aspiration in individual variables, the greater the parental encouragement in family variables, and the higher the friendship and school life satisfaction in school variables, the stronger the probability of belonging to the career adaptation group. It was also found that, adolescents with low career adaptability have self-evaluated their performance as lower than those with high career adaptability, which was statistically significant and is in alignment with the above findings. All the study results indicate the need for necessary support for the challenged group of adolescents get better oriented to career adaptation programs to adjust with and thrive in a rapidly changing world.
Effects of Kindergarten Teachers' Creative Personality and Perception of Professionalism on Their Play Teaching Efficacy

본 연구의 목적은 유치원 교사의 창의적 인성과 전문성 인식이 놀이교수효능감에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 데 있다. 이를 위해 서울, 경기, 인천 지역의 유치원 교사 총 266명을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 26.0 통계분석 프로그램을 이용하여 상관분석과 단계적 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유치원 교사의 창의적 인성과 전문성 인식, 놀이교수효능감의 일반적 경향은 평균 이상으로 비교적 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 유치원 교사의 창의적 인성과 전문성 인식, 놀이교수효능감 간에는 모두 유의미한 정적 상관관계가 나타났다. 셋째, 유치원 교사의 창의적 인성과 전문성 인식이 놀이교수효능감에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 전문성 인식의 하위변인인 운영관리능력이 가장 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 그 다음은 창의적 인성의 하위변인인 호기심, 전문성 인식의 하위변인인 의사소통능력 순으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 유치원 교사의 놀이교수효능감을 높이기 위해서 창의적 인성과 전문성 인식을 높일 수 있는 방안을 마련해야 한다는 시사점을 제공한다.This study investigated the effects of kindergarten teachers’ creative personality and perception of professionalism on their play teaching efficacy. Research data was collected through an online questionnaire survey of 266 kindergarten teachers in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon. Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression methods were applied to analyze the research data set using SPSS 26.0. The results can be summarized as follows. First, kindergarten teachers’ creative personality, perception of professionalism, and play teaching efficacy showed an above-average mean. Second, there were significant positive correlations among kindergarten teachers’ creative personality, perception of professionalism, and play teaching efficacy. Third, kindergarten teachers’ play teaching efficacy was affected by operational management ability, curiosity, and communication ability. From the above findings, the study concluded that kindergarten teachers’ creative personality and perception of professionalism were the main factors affecting their play teaching efficacy. The results also suggested the potential for improvement in teachers’ play teaching efficacy through the provision of support mechanisms.
Parents’ and Teachers’ Perceptions of Problem Behaviors in Toddler(and Children) in the Post-COVID Era

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze’ and teachers’ perceptions of problem behaviors in toddlers and children during the post-COVID-19 period. For this study, CBCL1.5-5, C-TRF data from 415 toddler’s and’ parents and teachers at 25 daycare centers located in Seoul were collected. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0. The results of this study are as follows. First, both parents and teachers perceive external problem behaviors at a higher frequency than internal problem behaviors of toddlers and children. Second, teachers perceive the level of all toddler’s and problem areas except physical symptoms higher than parents. Third, the agreement of parents’ and teachers’ evaluation was very low in all problem areas for the same infant. In conclusion, there is a significant difference in parents’ and teachers’ perceptions of problem behaviors in toddlers and children. Therefore, it is suggested that parents and teachers need to cooperate with each other and integrate the understanding of infant development for the healthy growth of toddlers and children.
Analysis of adaptive learning in Korea’s AI mathematics learning platforms

With the recent advancements in Artificial Intelligent (AI) technology, there‘s an emphasized need for adaptive and individualized education utilizing AI. Especially as the national approach to the development and implementation of AI digital textbooks, there exists a discrepancy in the shared understanding among researchers, policy makers, developers, implementers, and users regarding individualized and adaptive education. Such differences can potentially impact the efficiency of development and the effectiveness of implementation. Through a systematic literature review, this study identified the essential adaptive features required for AI-based mathematics digital textbooks and analyzed the current form of adaptive learning provided by Korea’s AI mathematics learning platforms. The analysis revealed that these platforms primarily focus on knowledge adaptivity, while aspects like emotional and motivational adaptivity or metacognivite adaptivity were less emphasized. In terms of how to adapt, our analysis indicates that the real-time monitoring for adjusting problem difficulty and individualized tasks data-based decision were not prominently showed. The findings suggest that researchers, policy makers, and developers need to collaboratively delve deeper into considering various adaptive strategies.
The Moderating Effect of Parental Monitoring on the Relationship between Flow Experience and Problematic Game Use of Upper Elementary School Students: Focusing on Control Impairment and Excessive Playing

This study investigates the moderating effect of parental monitoring on the relationship between flow experience and problematic game use of upper elementary school students. Control impairment and excessive playing are focused on as main symptoms of problematic game use. The data of 21,021 upper elementary school game users from the ‘2021 Comprehensive Survey on Game Excessive Immersion’ published by the Korea Creative Content Agency (KOCCA) was used for the analysis. Pearson correlation analysis was performed, and PROCESS macro was used to assess the moderating effects. Flow experience in gaming was positively correlated with control impairment and excessive playing. Parental monitoring was negatively correlated with flow experience in gaming, control impairment, and excessive playing. Parental monitoring moderates the relationship between the flow experience in gaming and the main symptoms of problematic game use (control impairment and excessive playing). These results show that the flow experience in gaming can affect the problematic game use of upper elementary school students. This study suggests that parental monitoring, a healthy parenting behavior, can be a protective factor for game use problems.