Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
THE ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ ERROR IN USING PERSONAL PRONOUN IN A TRANSLATING SKILLS (CASE STUDY)

Grammar as one aspects of the language is necessary to be studied. One of grammatical components is pronoun. Many students are still confused on the use of personal pronouns in translating sentences. Therefore, the researcher is interested to conduct the research about error analysis on the use of personal pronoun in translating sentence. The objectives of this research were to know the percentage of students’ error in using personal pronouns and to know what kind of personal pronouns error that is often made by the students of grade X SMK Nurul Fajeri computer network engineering major.&#x0D; The method used in this research was qualitative case study. The population was all ten grade students of SMK Nurul Pajeri ccomputer network engineering major, totaling 29 people. The research sample was 14 students who were taken from 29 population. The instument used for the research were test and interviews. That consist of 25 question in the form of fill in the blanks for the test, and the interviews for both students and teacher.&#x0D; The results of the obtained was sufficient. this is proven from the personal pronoun percentage with the results of: Subject pronoun category 32 items with percentage of 8.65%, object pronoun category 71 items with a percentage of 19.19%, possessive pronoun category 74 items with a percentage 20%, possessive adjective category 66 items with a percentage of 17.84, reflexive ccategory 67 items with a percentage 18.11%, and a transalting 60 items ith a percentage of 16.22%. The most dominant results are wrong in the personal pronoun in the possessive pronoun category. The findings of this study indicate that there are still many students who experience errors in grammmar, especially personal pronouns. The results of the study show that the errors occur in students come from themselves, due to a lack of confidence and this also affects the translation in personal pronoun.
Modeling and estimation of solar radiation of Karachi through artificial neural network (ANN) using temperature and dew-point

The most influential source of energy in our lives is solar energy. Solar energy reaches the earth in three different forms, i.e., Global, diffused, and Direct Solar Radiation. The Solar flux at the earth's surface depends on the intensity of these radiations and is a function of the values of latitude and longitude. The earth's temperature and hence dewpoint are greatly affected by solar flux. This idea is used for predicting solar radiation with input parameters, temperature, and dewpoint along with day number and month. The method of prediction of solar radiation used in the study is Artificial Neural Network (ANN). ANN has four variables in the input, ten neurons in the hidden layer, and three output parameters GSR. DSR and BSR. Six different types of errors, namely, Root Mean Square error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MABE), Mean percent error (MAPE), Chi-square, Coefficient of Determination, Kolmogorov Smirnov, have been calculated for training, testing, and validation mode to check the accuracy of estimation. The values of all the errors are low, which indicates the prediction of solar radiation is reliable.
THE IMPACT OF CODE-SWITCHING IN AFFECTIVE SUPPORT AND LEARNERS’ SUCCESS IN PAKISTANI ESL CLASSROOMS AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL

Background and Purpose: English is an official language of Pakistan and it is not only taught as a subject, but it is also used as a medium of instruction in Pakistan. However, students find English language learning a difficult experience. Their difficulties are compounded by monolingual English language teaching policies and their individual differences which are linked with their motivation, level of anxiety and confidence. This study aimed at finding out the relationship between code-switching and learners’ affective response and its impacts on attaining success in ESL classrooms.&#x0D; &#x0D; Methodology: Data for this mixed method study were collected through purposive sampling via questionnaires, interviews, and field notes from the students majoring in English at a private university in Pakistan. Quantitative data is analyzed throughSPSS whereas qualitatively the data is analyzed by using constant comparative technique.&#x0D; &#x0D; Findings: The findings unveil that code-switching is an effective teaching strategy in ESL classrooms to deal with the learning of vocabulary, comprehension of abstract concepts, the performance of a difficult task, participation in classroom discussions, and the clarity of concepts. Moreover, switching to L1 also gives them satisfaction, fosters attention span, creates enjoyment, and boosts confidence, resultantly their performance improves.&#x0D; &#x0D; Contribution: The study provides implications for stakeholders including teachers, teacher trainers and policy makers to introduce pedagogical code-switching in ESL classrooms to foster the motivation and self-confidence of the students. The study concludes that though code-switching carries benefits, however, it should be used strategically to improve learners’ performance.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Code-switching, affective-response, success, ESL classrooms.&#x0D; &#x0D; Cite as: Nawaz, N., Atta, A., &amp; Naseem, N. (2023). The impact of code-switching in affective support and learners’ success in Pakistani ESL classrooms at university level. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 8(1), 95-116. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss1pp95-116
Designing Colorful Sustainable Toys for Babies: A Sustainable Design Approach

Play is an important aspect of childhood.It is important to introduce sustainability concepts early in life by letting children play with sustainable toys since they will become tomorrow's adults.Unfortunately, options for sustainable toys are currently limited, often made from materials like bamboo and wood which lack the colorful sensory stimulation important for children's cognitive development.This study aims to create sustainable toys that are colorful and made with natural dyes to provide the right sensory stimulation for babies aged 0-6 months.The study employs a combination of experimental and design methodologies.Experimentations were performed to determine the most suitable plants that offer a broad spectrum of hues, the best organic fabrics, and optimal dyeing techniques.Meanwhile, design process is implemented in creating two soft toys that provide a range of sensory stimulations, including visual, auditory, and tactile experiences.Based on the research process, the study proposes a sustainable toy design methodology that involves three key stages: experimentation, design, and testing.The methodology is a structured and systematic approach to create sustainable toys with experimentation phase involves researching and identifying the best materials and procedures for preparing the sustainable materials, while the design phase focuses on implementing these materials into creating soft toys that provide the necessary sensory stimulations.Finally, the testing phase involves evaluating the effectiveness of the toys through user testing and feedback.By integrating the principles of natural dyeing into the toy design process, the methodology provides practical guidance for future designers who aspire to create environmentally sustainable toys that are not only attractive but also environmentally friendly.
Sentiment Analysis and Customer Satisfaction Factors Based on LSTM and Topic Modeling

Objective: To predict sentiment of the Airbnb text reviews using Long Short Term Memory (LSTM). To improve the accuracy and performance metrics. To identify customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors of the Airbnb customers using Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling. Method: The study is divided into two parts after performing necessary pre-processing steps. First part focuses on sentiment analysis using LSTM. Dataset is created by combining review data of 3 cities, then, operations like pre-processing, sentiment analysis, label column creation, under sampling etc. were conducted. After this, data was trained on the configured LSTM Model. The second part of the study was Topic Modeling after applying Sentiment Analysis, on an Airbnb dataset, to derive and understand customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors.Findings: Sentiment Analysis using LSTM showed training accuracy of 96.37%.and testing accuracy of 93.89%. The performance metrics showed promising results. The topics found for negative and positive sentiment portraying the customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors after Topic Modeling align with the existing literature findings and are important to generalize the existing literature as well. Novelty: Improved performance metrics like Accuracy, F1- score and Recall for sentiment analysis using LSTM. Results stating customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors add value to the existing literature and help to generalize findings. Keywords: Natural Language Processing; Sentiment Analysis; Topic Modeling; Deep Learning; LSTM; Customer Satisfaction
Analyzing the nexus between foreign trade and economic growth in Djibouti through the application of a VAR model (1989-2021)

Purpose- Economic growth and foreign trade are among the most important macroeconomic objectives of all countries in the world. The concept of foreign trade is considered as the engine of economic growth, consisting of imports and exports. Therefore, countries engage in commercial relations with other countries through economic policies tailored to their own economic and political situations. Since there are few studies on the economy of Djibouti, this study investigates the Djiboutian economy using the variables of growth, imports, and exports. The study aims to identify the degree to which foreign trade has affected economic growth in Djibouti, as well as to analyze the short-term and long-term dynamics of this relationship. Methodology-This study employs a Vector Autoregression (VAR) model to investigate the nexus between foreign trade and economic growth in Djibouti over the period of 1989-2021. The data used in this study is sourced from the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) database, which provides extensive information on Djibouti's foreign trade and economic indicators. Findings- The findings indicate that foreign trade has a strong positive impact on economic growth in Djibouti, underscoring the critical role of foreign trade in driving the country's economic performance. Conclusion-This study is significant as it adds to the limited literature on the relationship between foreign trade and economic growth in Djibouti, offering policymakers and stakeholders valuable insights into the significance of foreign trade in promoting economic development in the country. These results could guide the development and implementation of policies aimed at promoting and sustaining foreign trade, leading to further growth and development of the Djiboutian economy. Keywords: Economic growth, foreign trade, VAR Model, Djibouti. JEL Codes: F10, O41, C31
Preferred Language Learning Strategies Employed by Rural Secondary School Students in Learning English

English language is a global language, yet it is regarded as one of the most difficult languages.Mastering the English language has been challenging among English as second language (ESL) students despite the fact they frequently employ various language learning strategies (LLS).This study aims to investigate the most preferred choice of language learning strategies among 30 Form 5 rural secondary school students through a survey and semi-structured interview.The quantitative survey was adapted from Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL) by (Oxford, 1990).The data of the survey were analysed using descriptive statistics.The findings were presented and elaborated interpretively in this study.The obtained findings showed that memory strategy was the most preferred learning strategy among students due to proficiency level in English.The students' learning styles were also closely linked to their choice of learning strategies and eventually it showed a positive impact towards their English performance.This study hopes to give an insight on how these learning strategies influence students' achievement in their English language skills.
Investigating Upper Secondary ESL Students' Language Learning Strategies for Speaking Skills

Speaking is a useful language skill because it allows speakers and listeners to talk to each other to share information and build long-term relationships.English is one of those languages that people from all over the world want to learn, no matter what level of communication they are at.But developing speaking skills in ESL students is always seen as hard and complicated, requiring a lot of work to keep up.This study investigated the preferred learning language strategies (LLS) used for speaking skills by Form 5 ESL students in a rural school in Sarawak.A total of 45 students with different proficiency levels were selected for this study.The questionnaire was adapted from Young Learner's Language Strategy Use Survey and the Language Strategy Use Survey.Then, the data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.The results revealed that students employ various speaking strategies and continuously improve their language skills to become proficient in L2.Regular practise, especially outside the classroom, improves speaking skills, besides consistent language practise which builds confidence, fluency, and accuracy.
Introducing ESMADI, Android-Based Learning Application with Prototyping Model

The difficulties in communication experienced by people with speech and hearing impairment requires special attention.Their language and communication skills can be developed through various special facilities and programs that suit their needs.The success of overcoming the obstacle of speech and hearing impairment depends on the kind of program they undertake.Most of them prefer to learn while playing.Sign language can also be used by children that have no problem with hearing and speaking.Electronic Smart Application for People with Disabilities (ESMADI) is an application that can help users to learn SIBI in an easy, interesting, and exciting way, anytime and anywhere.This application integrates various learning features, such as images, sounds, and videos to ensure an enjoyable learning experience.The method used in designing this application was the prototyping method to facilitate easier development of ESMADI in accommodating users' needs.
Need Analysis in English Learning Media for Buddhist Students of Kusalamitra Homeschooling

This study aimed to analyze the need of Buddhist students in learning English. It was used to determine the most suitable English learning media for them. The recent study was done at Kusalamitra homeschooling at the level of Senior High School students. This study belonged to qualitative research with case study approach. There were 30 students involved in this study. Questionnaires and interview were used to collect the data in this research. The data gathered then analyzed qualitatively with three steps, namely data collection, data reduction and data verification or can be called drawing conclusion. Based on the data analyzed, there was a research finding. The students need a handy supplementary material which could be used and carried easily. Thus the researcher needed to develop an Information and Communication Technology that contained supplementary material for learning English.
HUBUNGAN MINDSET TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK SEKOLAH DASAR DI DEPOK

This study aims to determine the relationship between mindset and learning motivationelementary school students and find out the obstacles to learning motivation and look for thesolution. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research.The population in this study was grade V and grade VI elementary school in Depok with the number of samples is 112 students for the academic year 2022/2023. Data collection techniques that used are questionnaires and observations. From the calculation results obtained a correlation test of 0.570 which is in the medium interval. This shows that the relationship between mindset and learning motivation. The obstacles come from students who less motivated when learning in class and outside the classroom. The solution is awareness of students, conducted training for teachers and parents, teachers foster motivation students by creating a pleasant atmosphere, linking learning with everyday life.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN VISUALIZATION, AUDITORY, KINESTHETIC, TACTILE (MULTI-SENSORY) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS SISWA KELAS V SDI NO.178 RAPPOA KAB. JENEPONTO

SRI RISDAWATI. 2021. The Application of Visualizatio, Auditory, Kinaesthetic, Tactile (Multi-sensory) Learning Models to Improve Learning Outcomes in Social Studies Subjects for Class V SDI No.178 Rappoa Kab. Jeneponto.Superviset by R. Supardi and Perawati Bte Abustang.This study aims to improve social studies learning outcomes by using Visualization, Auditory, Kinaesthetic, Tactile (Multi-sensory) to improve learning outcomes in social studies subjects for fifth grade students of SDI No.178 Rappoa Kab. Jeneponto. The type of research used is classroom action research and uses a qualitative approach. Data collection technique using observation, tests and documentation. The results of the first and second cycle tests, where in the first cycle there were learning outcomes with an average grade of 64 in the sufficient category, while in the second cycle there were learning outcomes with an average grade of 85 in the very good category. So it can be concluded than in cycle II there has been an increase in student learning outcomes in social studies subjects Class V SDI No.178 Rappoa Kab. Jenepont.Keywords: Learning, Outcomes, Social Studies, Visualization, Auditory, Kinaesthetic, Tactile (Multi-sensory)
HUBUNGAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SDN DI KECAMATAN PANAKKUKANG KOTA MAKASSAR

This research aimed at: (1) describing student’s emotional quotion, learning motivation, and learning achievement, (2) find out the correlation of student’s emotional quotion and learning achievement, (3) find out the correlation of student’s learning motivation and learning achievement, and (4) find out the correlation between student’s emotional quotion and learning motivation to learning achievement. This type of research is ex post facto with correlational. The population in the study were all student of elementary school at Panakkukang District Makassar City. The sample in the study are 150 student from 3 elementary school that choosen by multistage sampling. The data obtained from samples were analyzed by simple correlation and multiple regression. The result shows: (1) student’s emotional quotion, learning motivation, and learning achievement are in good category, (2) there is a correlation of emotional quotion and learning achievement on Student in State Elementary School at Panakkukang District Makassar City, (3) there is a correlation of learning motivation and learning achievement on Student in State Elementary School at Panakkukang District Makassar City, (4) there is a correlation between emotional quotion and learning motivation to learning achievement on Student in State Elementary School at Panakkukang District Makassar City. The conclusion from the results of this study is that there is a relationship between emotional intelligence and learning motivation with the learning achievement of SDN students in Panakkukang District, Makassar City.
EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN AUDIO VISUAL PADA HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V SDN 2 WALAHAR

A low classification of fifth-grade students at SDN 2 Walahar’s outcomes and the limited utilization and application of diverse learning media in teaching and learning activities, particularly in scientific learning, served as the impetus for this study. This study aims to find the effectiveness of audio-visual-based media on student learning outcomes. With a one group pre-test and post-test design. 30 students in the fifth grade at SDN 2 Walahar made up the study's population. According to findings of the research, audio-visual learning materials are used by fifth graders at SDN 2 Walahar to improve their learning outcomes. This is demonstrated by the class V students at SDN 2 Walahar receiving an average score of 75.03 on the scientific portion of the pre test and an average score of 80.83 on the science portion of the post-test. The Paired Sample t-test showed a significant value of 0,000 in the research findings. The decision outcome of this study is that Ho is rejected while Ha is accepted because 0,000 is 0,005. The studying findings support the idea that audio-visual learning materials can enhance fifth graders at SDN 2 Walahar's academic performance. This is demonstrated by the fact that, whereas grade V student learning outcomes tend to be acquired at a lower rate during the pre-test implementation phase than they do during the post-test phase, respectively.
A Drawn Programming Language Based on Calculus of Constructions and Algebraic Effects

I present algograph, a graphical notation to denote algorithms. It is designed to be drawn by hand quickly and to aid type checking with clear visuals. Its inspiration and its syntax are explained below.
Application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model to improve learning outcomes and reading skills in Indonesian class 1 subject at SDN 02 Girimoyo

The purpose of this study was to improve learning outcomes and reading skills through the PBL learning model for grade 1 students at SDN 02 Girimoyo. The research method used is PTK (Classroom Action Research) based on Lesson Study using 2 research cycles. Each cycle consists of plan, do, see. The research subjects were all 30 students in class 1-A at SDN 02 Girimoyo (13 girls and 17 boys). The results of the study explain that the average percentage of cycle 1 is 73.96%, the classical learning completeness is 43.33% and there is an increase in learning outcomes and reading skills in cycle II with an average percentage of 85% and the classical learning mastery is 86.67%. From these results, it can be concluded that the application of the PBL learning model.
Development of Learning Media with QuickAppNinja Android-Based (Guess Image &amp; Find Words) to Increase Elementary School Teachers' Digital Literacy

In the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, all forms of technological progress were massively implemented in various aspects of life, including education. Teachers must have skills in media, information, and internet networks, constructed as Digital Literacy skills. This study aims to develop learning media on the material at the elementary school level based on Android application techniques that teachers can use in learning activities. The research covers the stages of developing Android-based learning media using QuickAppNinja (student learning tools include searching for words and guessing pictures), then measuring the teacher's response to the developed application, and how digital literacy skills change in teachers after using the developed learning media. The research method adopts a design and development (D&amp;D) model, including setting objectives, aligned assessments, making flowcharts and storyboards, selecting or creating media, creating interfaces, and integration. The instrument of research was used in the form of a multiple choice test that measures the respondent's digital literacy. Test results from 35 teachers, with an average score of 7.27 out of 10, mean the teacher is sufficiently mastering digital literacy skills.