Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
COMPUTER TESTING METHODS AND TOOLS IN PHYSICS IN BLENDED LEARNING

Computer testing is a single way to control the independent work of students during blended learning. The article is about improvement of methods and tools of computer testing in physics for blended learning in higher education institutions. The author analyzes the most common in Ukraine platforms for the organization of computer testing (Google Forms, Quizlet, Proprofs, Kahoot, ClassMarker, Plickers, Easy Test Maker and MOODLE). For his opinion, the optimal module for testing is learning management system MOODLE (Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment). It can solve the existing problems in blended learning. However, is learning management system MOODLE has a problem: the procedure of entering tests into the testing module is cumbersome, time-consuming for the teacher. To solve this problem, additional software was developed - the application «Test for moodle 4.4». Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 (version 16.9 is the fourth supported servicing baseline) and a number of other built-in tools were used to create the application: a form editor to simplify the application's graphical user interface, a web editor, a class designer, and a database schema designer. Additional plug-ins (such as Subversion and Visual SourceSafe) have been added to Visual Studio, as well as new tools for editing and visual code design, and software development (such as Team Explorer with Team Foundation Server). The application is created in the C# programming language (object-oriented program), fully adapted to is learning management system MOODLE. The application's interface allows you to create the following forms of tests: «One correct answer», «Several correct answers», «Essay», «Match», «Missed word».There are different options to create tests: type the text of the question and answer options;insert the finished text of one question with the name and answer options;copying of all questions with names and answer options.All forms of testing are organized in the module for testing in the online course «Physics» in is learning management system MOODLE. There are two types of computer control, which have different procedures. The first one is the systematic operational offline verification of the student's work, the second one is episodic module online checking. The author gives the description of computer testing procedures.
«ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS» THROUGH THE PRISM OF METHODICAL TRAINING OF THE FUTURE TEACHER OF MATHEMATICS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CHALLENGES TODAY

The changes taking place in modern society could not bypass the sphere of education. Due to the epidemiological situation in the country, most educational institutions were forced to switch to distance learning. Ideally, under the conditions of high-quality technical equipment of both teachers and each student, comprehensive development of educational and methodological support, this form of education should significantly reduce the burden on teachers, improve the quality of education. However, distance learning is new for most higher education institutions. After all, in particular, the nature and methods of joint activities of teachers and students, the ratio of didactic functions, methods and forms of teaching have changed. In this regard, there is a need to make adjustments to the learning process of each discipline, in particular requires a carefully thought-out and organized mechanism of targeted involvement of students, future teachers in the learning process using active forms of online interaction, teaching disciplines for which visualization is essential. in the learning process, personal communication, interactivity. Training of future teachers of mathematics should contribute to the formation of readiness for continuous self-education, increase the level of professional competence. Elementary mathematics belongs to those disciplines on which the methodical preparation of the future teacher of mathematics directly depends. The article considers possible options for organizing work in practical classes in elementary mathematics in terms of distance learning at the stages of diagnosing and repeating the school course through tasks in the context of methodological training. The diagnostic stage is presented through the organization of testing using the Quizizz service and further work on tasks in the mode of videoconference on the analysis and elimination of errors on the material of the topic «Quadrilaterals». The stage of actualization is presented through the task of compiling a system of tasks and building a scheme of possible subordination on the example of the topic «Coordinates. Vectors». Students are involved in active learning activities, which is important during distance learning. At the same time, through the work on the tasks there is an indirect formation of methodical skills directly on the material of the school course, and, as a result of systematic work in a given direction - the formation of components of methodical skills of future mathematics teachers.
METHODOLOGICAL FEATURES OF FORMATION KEY CONCEPTS OF MECHANICS IN THE PROCESS OF SOLVING PROBLEMS BY PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

The analysis of actual researches of questions development methodology studies of the mechanical phenomena at basic school is carried out in the article. It is marked that in the process of study of division of mechanics of basis of knowledge about the physical phenomena and processes mortgaged – students realize their essence, by professional terminology, seize the methods of scientific cognition, experimental abilities and research skills develop for them, key concepts are formed. A concept is basic means of forming and accumulation attained of scientific and practical experience a man. In the base course of physics the different types of scientific concepts are studied is a substance and field, properties and states of material objects, physical sizes and other. The physical concepts, laws and theories, are set forth for ideal physical processes or phenomena that the models of objects of the real world are. With the aim of perfection of educational process on the basis of application of task approach in every division of course physics the system of the special level tasks is created, maintenance of that answers the aims of base secondary education and is to the interesting and accessible students, corresponding methods and methods of their untiing are worked out, educational activity is built in form raising and untiing of educational-cognitive tasks. It is well-proven that untiing of tasks is used as a method of mastering, fixing, verification and control of theoretical knowledge, means of acquisition of through abilities, skills of professional self-determination, development of key компетентностей. The successful untiing of tasks needs both certain and generalized knowledge, abilities and skills of students. Basis of the generalized knowledge is presented by the fundamental concepts of methodological character, among that: the physical «phenomenon», «law», «system», «model», «size», «cooperation», «ideal objects and processes», «state of the physical system» and others like that. The general algorithm of untiing of far of calculable physical tasks will point: analysis of condition and it evident interpretation; stowage of equalizations, that link physical sizes that in number characterize the prospected phenomenon; untiing of the system of equalizations is in relation to the sought after size; analysis of authenticity of the got result.
Politeness Principles Used by EFL Teachers in Classroom Interaction during Teaching-Learning Process

Politeness is one of the main factors to achieve character education. The teacher should pay attention, show politeness, and consider themselves as part of parents. The purpose is to make some middle school teachers recognize how to criticize appropriately. This research was carried out to identify the types of politeness principles used by the EFL teachers during the classroom interaction, andto find out the effects of politeness principles in the classroom interaction during teaching-learning process. The researcher has chosen English teacher on the seventh and eighth grade at Lab School of UNISMUH Makassar. The researcher joined in the class and recorded the activities when teachers were teaching. The researcher applied descriptive qualitative method to analyze the data, by doing data reduction, data display and conclusion. The researcher used the theory of politeness by Geoffrey Leech (2016) about politeness principle, which consists of six maxims, namely tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim. The result of the observation showed that the EFL teachers used five maxims, namely tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim.Furthermore, the results of the interviews showed that the principle of politeness could create togetherness between teachers and students, build respect for students, create cooperative interactions between teachers and students, help students to have positive feelings towards lessons, motivate them to participate actively in class and also shapes the character and self-development of students to local culture.
FORMATION OF RESEARCH COMPETENCE OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF SPECIALIZED TECHNOLOGY TRAINING

The article is devoted to the search for ways to improve the formation of research competence of high school students in the process of specialized training of technologies, according to which the author proposes: - the meaning of the term «research competence of high school students» (they have: motives that manifest themselves in the form of cognitive interest and formed under the influence of the purpose of educational activities; ability to cognitive activity, in particular, sufficient knowledge of methods and methods of scientific knowledge; actions based on previously mastered experience of technological activity and provide for the experience of practical and research activities and the system of skills available to high school students, etc.); - list of components of research competence of high school students (ability: to identify and formulate problems and search for explanations, evidence of logical connections and relationships related to them to find ways to solve them; formulate and propose hypotheses, analyze and adjust the purpose of research, search for solutions problems, defend their scientific position, navigate in the situation of choice, choose the object of observation, determine the purpose and objectives of observation, observe phenomena and facts related to them, accurately and completely record, analyze and describe them, develop and conduct experiments, analyze work performed, draw general conclusions, evaluate the results of the study from the standpoint of their reliability and practical significance, etc.); - methods of forming research competence of high school students through the use of problem-based, partial-search and research methods and active and interactive technologies, as well as comprehensive use of explanatory-illustrative and reproductive teaching methods, which together will ensure optimal implementation of cognitive activity; - algorithm for implementing the formation of research competence (offering tasks to identify problems based on observations of technological processes, analysis of objects or facts, study of primary sources related to the selected profile; use of theoretical information related to the selected problem and use them to formulate various proposals (hypotheses) for its solution, development of a plan and conducting experiments with accurate and complete recording of the results, systematize and analyze the results of the study and determine how to design them, summarize and formulate new problems for the study).
Pedestrian Detection System using YOLOv5 for Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS)

The technology in transportation is continuously developing due to reaching the self-driving vehicle. The need of detecting the situation around vehicles is a must to prevent accidents. It is not only limited to the conventional vehicle in which accident commonly happens, but also to the autonomous vehicle. In this paper, we proposed a detection system for recognizing pedestrians using a camera and minicomputer. The approach of pedestrian detection is applied using object detection method (YOLOv5) which is based on the Convolutional Neural Network. The model that we proposed in this paper is trained using numerous epochs to find the optimum training configuration for detecting pedestrians. The lowest value of object and bounding box loss is found when it is trained using 2000 epochs, but it needs at least 3 hours to build the model. Meanwhile, the optimum model’s configuration is trained using 1000 epochs which has the biggest object (1.49 points) and moderate bounding box (1.5 points) loss reduction compared to the other number of epochs. This proposed system is implemented using Raspberry Pi4 and a monocular camera and it is only able to detect objects for 0.9 frames for each second. As further development, an advanced computing device is needed due to reach real-time pedestrian detection. &#x0D;
Finite Impulse Response Filtering Algorithm with Adaptive Horizon Size Selection and Its Applications

It is known, that unlike the Kalman filter (KF) finite impulse response (FIR) filters allow to avoid the divergence and unsatisfactory object tracking connected with temporary perturbations and abrupt object changes. The main challenge is to provide the appropriate choice of a sliding window size for them. In this paper, the new finite impulse response (FIR) filtering algorithm with the adaptive horizon size selection is proposed. The algorithm uses the receding horizon optimal (RHOFIR) filter which receives estimates, an abrupt change detector and an adaptive recurrent mechanism for choosing the window size. Monotonicity and asymptotic properties of the estimation error covariance matrix and the RHOFIR filter gain are established. These results form a solid foundation for justifying the principal possibility to tune the filter gain using them and the developed adaptation mechanism. The proposed algorithm (the ARHOFIR filter) allows reducing the impact of disturbances by varying adaptively the sliding window size. The possibility of this follows from the fact that the window size affects the filter characteristics in different ways. The ARHOFIR filter chooses a large horizon size in the absence of abrupt disturbances and a little during the time intervals of their action. Due to this, it has better transient characteristics compared to the KF and RHOFIR filter at intervals where there is temporary uncertainty and may provide the same accuracy of estimates as the KF in their absence. By simulation, it is shown that the ARHOFIR filter is more robust than the KF and RHOFIR filter for the temporarily uncertain systems.
GOOGLE CLASSROOM AS A MEANS OF INTENSIFYING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN THE CONTEXT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

The problem of activating the cognitive activity of students has always been acute for teachers. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, it worsened. The total introduction of distance learning helps to raise the issue of encouraging students to acquire new knowledge, the formation of competencies. This issue is gaining new weight. A survey of teachers and their own pedagogical experience suggest that one of the successful platforms for distance education is a free service from Google Classroom. The advantage of Google Classroom is that the services available in it allow you to diversify the educational activities of students. The Google Classroom cloud-based platform brings together useful Google services designed specifically for learning. This application is successful for use in the educational process. Its advantages include the ability to intensify the educational process, to increase the cognitive activity of students. The aim of the study is to reveal the possibilities of using the Classroom platform from Google in the educational process of general secondary education institutions during the teaching of physics. Achieving this goal involves the use of methods: analysis and generalization of psychological, pedagogical and special literature, modeling of educational content in a cloud-based educational environment created using the Classroom platform from Google. The article discusses the potential of the Google Classroom platform, which is one of the most popular in the educational environment. The authors give an example of creating and filling with didactic material platform Google Classroom on the example of studying the section «Electric field» in 10th grade. We have outlined only some of the possibilities of using the Google Classroom platform and applications in the organization of distance education on the example of studying the section «Electric field». But the potential of individual resources of distance education is much wider. They help to provide students with the necessary amount of information, expand the potential of teachers in the use of various methods to achieve the goal of the educational process.
thestats: An Open-Data R Package for Exploring Turkish Higher Education Statistics

There are open datasets available for official statistics, finance, education, and a variety of other domains. The open datasets are published by third-party vendors as well as official authorities. For example, The Turkish Higher Education Council maintains a web portal dedicated to higher education in Türkiye. Detailed datasets about universities, faculties, and departments can be obtained from the portal. Using the data provided by the portal, detailed analysis can be done such as the understanding impact of higher education on activities in the economy connected to movements of the students within or between cities. Especially such activity can be observed in real estate since students rent flats or rooms. Moreover, this data helps researchers analyze changes in students’ preferences in terms of higher education over time. Although this site contains a variety of important information, it does not provide any Application Programming Interfaces (API) or any other possibilities to easily download or query the data in one place. This paper introduces thestats, a user-friendly R data package designed to make higher education statistics easily accessible. Researchers can use the package to query data, which is already scraped from the portal, using the R functions provided by the package. Thanks to the package, researchers do not need to perform any further effort to delve into Turkish higher education statistics. It is sufficient for the researchers to use the package to begin exploring.
Does a sparse ReLU network training problem always admit an optimum?

Given a training set, a loss function, and a neural network architecture, it is often taken for granted that optimal network parameters exist, and a common practice is to apply available optimization algorithms to search for them. In this work, we show that the existence of an optimal solution is not always guaranteed, especially in the context of {\em sparse} ReLU neural networks. In particular, we first show that optimization problems involving deep networks with certain sparsity patterns do not always have optimal parameters, and that optimization algorithms may then diverge. Via a new topological relation between sparse ReLU neural networks and their linear counterparts, we derive -- using existing tools from real algebraic geometry -- an algorithm to verify that a given sparsity pattern suffers from this issue. Then, the existence of a global optimum is proved for every concrete optimization problem involving a shallow sparse ReLU neural network of output dimension one. Overall, the analysis is based on the investigation of two topological properties of the space of functions implementable as sparse ReLU neural networks: a best approximation property, and a closedness property, both in the uniform norm. This is studied both for (finite) domains corresponding to practical training on finite training sets, and for more general domains such as the unit cube. This allows us to provide conditions for the guaranteed existence of an optimum given a sparsity pattern. The results apply not only to several sparsity patterns proposed in recent works on network pruning/sparsification, but also to classical dense neural networks, including architectures not covered by existing results.
The Application of Constructive Alignment Theory in Designing a Curriculum Unit in Information Systems

The outcomes based approaches to learning have been shown to have a significant impact on student success in higher-order learning.Constructive alignment is an outcomes-based approach to teaching in which the learning outcomes that students are intended to achieve are defined before teaching takes place.Teaching and assessment methods are then designed to best achieve those outcomes and to assess the standard at which they have been achieved.It provides a framework for adjusting teaching and assessment to address the attainment of those outcomes and the standards reached.Constructive alignment is effective in designing teaching and assessment that enable students to learn, rather than to leave them guessing as to what is involved in the course of study or on what they will be assessed.The paper highlights the importance of using constructive alignment framework to enhance the quality of teaching, learning, and assessment.It reports on a study that applied the principles of constructive alignment to promote good teaching and deep student learning.It discusses the application of constructive alignment as curriculum design process and uses operational framework for this teaching design at the unit level.
The Determinant of Automotive Brand Loyalty: A Case of Local Brands

This study purposes to discover the important factors that impact loyalty to local brands by investigating the bond between brand experience (BE), brand satisfaction, brand trust (BT), and brand image (BI), on brand loyalty (BL) of local automotive brands in Malaysia. Partial Least Squares and Smart PLS 3 was used in the data analysis. finding indicated a positive and significant influence between BE and BS, BE and BT, BI and BS, BI and BT, BS and BL, BT and BL. In contrast, no significant influence found between BE and BL, and BI and BL. The findings also contribute to our understanding of the local brand loyalty marketing phenomenon and inspire practice in the design of meaningful brand experiences in automotive brands.
AN INTERVIEW WITH CHATGPT ABOUT FUTURE OF JOBS 

This study aims to examine the transformation of professions and business processes in the future with the development and increase of artificial intelligence applications. Meanwhile, the study is addressed from the perspective of how this situation is evaluated by artificial intelligence itself. Within the scope of the study, semi-structured interview technique was used. The interviews were conducted with chatbots named ChatGPT, Microsoft Bing and Google Bard. These chatbots are among the most important representatives of the point where artificial intelligence has reached today. For this reason, it was deemed appropriate to conduct interviews with ChatGPT, Microsoft Bing and Google Bard in the research and their views on the future of artificial intelligence were evaluated. In this regard, the research differs from other studies in the literature. According to the research findings, it has been inferred that business processes and business models will definitely undergo a transformation in the future, some of the current professions will disappear in the future, and some professions with certain competencies will gain importance. In addition, individual, organizational and global recommendations are presented and what ought to be done to adapt changing conditions of the future mentioned.