Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Foundational Keyboard Skills for Music Majors

This chapter is designed for students whose major is an instrument other than piano, and will include strategies for being successful in piano classes. An overview of why keyboard skills are important begins the chapter. Students are then guided in making decisions about purchasing a keyboard instrument. Instruction is included on the appropriate physical approach to healthy piano playing and the skills developed in piano classes are discussed and explained. These include sight reading, playing chord progressions, collaborative piano transposition, improvisation, and playing repertoire. Finally, strategies for practicing these keyboard skills are presented. Questions for discussion and an assignment are included.
A review of research on mobile applications for learning Chinese in Korea, China and the U.S..

As the era of Covid-19 provoked the demand for online learning environments, research on the use of IT technologies in the teaching of Chinese is also drawing attention. This paper presents an overview of studies on mobile applications for learning Chinese in Korea, China, and the U.S.. This study aims to identify the current status of research on mobile applications for learning Chinese in Korea, and suggests directions for further research. In the review, a total of 135 studies were closely examined based on the year of publication, the subject, the method, and the research topic. After this, the features and overall flow of research in each country was identified. The necessity of revitalizing related research in Korea was highlighted. To this end, this study recommends actively conducting research, specifying the characteristics of the research subject, and extending the general process in studies of mobile applications for learning Chinese. This study expects Chinese education research on using various technologies to be further discussed.
Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, and Real Estate: The Current Situation and Prospects for the Next 5 Years

Blockchain technology is a platform for transactions and investment. It includes Cryptocurrencies, of which there are dozens of investment vehicles. Bitcoin and Ethereum are the best known. Crypto is an emerging asset class and offers some portfolio diversification benefits and attractive return rates. Some crypto investments are stablecoins and are tethered to underlying currencies like the US dollar. Blockchain allows ease of access and transparency and provides a cloak of pseudonymity, which may be incompatible with owning real estate, which generally has ownership and transactions as public records. This article provides a brief primer on the intersection of blockchain, cryptocurrencies, and real property. It reviews the various ways that these emerging technologies and instruments are used in real estate investment today. We investigate a blockchain-oriented investment platform, RealT, and report on their business model and customer-servicing interface. Their model offers tokenized real estate to a wide range of qualified investors, and many of the occupied houses feature secure cash flows in the form of Section 8 tenants. If properly developed, the model appears sustainable and can rejuvenate inner-city residential property markets and open the door for a greater ROE for not-for-profit groups.
Epilogue

In this chapter, we shall briefly discuss developments and use of autoencoders and transfer learning to obtain good generalization performance in tumor classification and time-series classification problems. Furthermore, we shall analyze the research work presented in the earlier chapters to discuss possible directions for future work. The chapter shall also conclude this monograph.
A Reconsideration of 'Equal', and 'Corresponding to their abilities’ in the Article 31, Paragraph 1 of the Constitution

본 연구의 목적은 헌법상 ‘균등’이 명문화되던 시기 사상적 맥락을 다시 고찰하고, 교육기회 배분 원리로서 그 의미를 적극적으로 해석하는 것이다. 아울러 헌법 조항에서 다소 불편하게 병립하고 있는 ‘능력에 따라’가 명문화되던 시기 정치사회적 맥락을 조명하여 양자가 상충하거나 포함되는 관계에 있는 것은 아닌지 검토하였다. 삼균주의 사상을 토대로 교육을 받을 권리에 대하여 ‘균등’의 개념이란 “모든 권리 주체가 교육을 받을 평등한 기회를 부여받고, 자치(自治)와 경제활동을 할 수 있는 능력에 필요한 것들을 향유하며, 또 학습을 방해받지 않고 행할 수 있는 안정적인 상태에 이르도록 하는 것”이라고 요약할 수 있다. 이러한 재해석이 시사하는 바는 첫째, 삼균주의 사상에서 ‘균등’은 종래 ‘능력에 따라’의 해석으로서 실질적 평등이라는 지향을 이미 적극적으로 반영하는 것이다. 둘째, 교육을 받을 권리의 ‘균등’은 국가에 의한 엘리트주의적 차등 교육을 제한한다는 언명이다. 그런데 같은 조항에서 제5차 개헌 당시 삽입된 ‘능력에 따라’는 오히려 교육기회 배분이 엘리트주의적 차등 원리에 따르는 것으로 해석될 여지를 강하게 반영하는 것이다. 따라서 차제에 헌법 개정 논의 시 ‘능력에 따라’ 삭제를 전향적으로 검토할 필요가 있으며, 현실의 교육문제를 해소하기 위한 논의로서 삼균주의 사상을 적극적으로 검토하고 재해석하는 작업을 지속해야 한다.The purpose of this study is to reexamine the ideological context of the period when ‘Equal’ was stipulated in the Constitution and to actively interpret its meaning as a principle of allocating educational opportunities. Furthermore, in the political and social context at the time when ‘Corresponding to their abilities’ was stipulated, it was examined whether the two were in conflict or had an inclusive relationship. Regarding the right to receive education based on Triequism, the concept of 'Equal' means that "All people are given equal opportunities to receive education, enjoy what is necessary for self-government and the ability to engage in economic activities, It is also about reaching a stable state in which learning can be performed without interruption.” This reinterpretation suggests that, first, ‘Equality’ in Triequism is already actively reflecting the intention of substantive equality as the conventional interpretation of ‘Corresponding to their abilities’. Second, ‘Equal’ of the right to receive an education is a statement that limits elitist differential education by the state. However, ‘Corresponding to their abilities’ inserted at the time of the 5th constitutional amendment in the same article strongly reflects the possibility that the allocation of educational opportunities follows the elitist principle of difference. Therefore, it is necessary to delete ‘Corresponding to their abilities’ through discussions on constitutional amendment in the future, and continue actively reviewing Triequism as a discussion to solve the problem.
A Study on Examining the Possibilities of Institutionalizing the National Committee on Educational Policy

이 연구는 2022년 7월 21일 출범 예정이었던 국가교육위원회가 향후 어떤 모습으로 제도화될지 그 가능성을 탐색하는 한편, 정책 환경의 변화에 따라 유력한 선택지로 부상하고 있는 현행 법령에 기초한 소극적 제도화의 실천적 의미를 논구하는 데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 유관 연구에서 수집한 FGI 자료와 국가교육위원회법령 등을 검토하는 한편, 선행연구와 정부 및 관련 단체 등의 자료를 중심으로 한 문헌분석을 병행하고 있다. 고찰 결과는 다음 몇 가지로 요약할 수 있다. 먼저 국가교육위원회법 제정의 정치과정 분석에서 국가교육위원회가 대통령 의제라는 사실에 대한 보다 깊은 이해가 필요했다는 점을 알 수 있었다. 그러지 못함으로써 문재인 정부 말기 집권 여당의 단독입법이 강행되는 한편, 입법 취지의 편향성을 보이게 되었다. 그 연장선상에서 법령이 제정되었으나 제도의 구체적인 상(像)을 가늠할 수 없을 정도로 내용이 모호하여 불확실성이 아주 큰 상황이다. 다음으로 제도화 가능성에 대한 고찰에서 현행 법령에 의거한 ⑴소극적 제도화와 ⑵적극적 제도화가 가능하다는 사실을 알게 되었다. 그런데 정권 교체와 보수교육감의 약진 등의 정치적 변수로 인해 소극적 제도화가 유력한 선택지가 될 공산이 커졌다. 이는 곧 정책기구로서 국가교육위원회의 기능 축소 또는 무력화를 의미하는 것으로 현행 법령의 흠결을 바탕으로 한 정치적 선택의 결과로 해석할 수 있다.This study aims to examine the possibilities of institutionalizing the 'National Committee on Educational Policy'(NCEP), which is planned to begin on 21st July 2022. For this purpose, first of all the author analyze the political process of passing NCEP bill. Secondly, it is the level of institutionalizing the NCEP according to the existing law that the author probes. The results of this study are as follows. First, we can acknowledge that it is important to understand deliberately a presidential agenda’s properties. As the president’s staff could not fully understand the implications of presidential agenda, the new law reveals the bias of legislation purpose and the uncertainty of the relationship between NCEP and the Ministry of Education(MOE). Second, we can find that there is two options of institutionalizing NCEP on the basis of the existing law; 1) a negative institutionalization, 2) a positive institutionalization. Now the negative institutionalization is emerging as the best choice by dint of the political factors of regime change and remarkable increase of conservative superintendents. This means the curtailment and nullifying of NCEP’s function which is stemmed from new government’s political decision making.
Deep Learning-Aided High-Throughput Multiple Access

In this chapter, we discuss the deep learning-aided high-throughput multiple access. Section 7.1 introduces the motivation of applying deep learning to grant-free NOMA in tactile Internet of Things. Section 7.2 introduces the system model of grant-free NOMA. Section 7.3 presents the neural network model for grant-free NOMA. Section 7.4 analyzes the loss function and the training algorithm of the proposed network model. Section 7.5 presents the evaluation results to validate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed scheme. Section 7.6 draws the conclusions.
An analysis of the research trends in Korean listening education for academic purposes.

This study aims to analyze research trends in Korean listening education for academic purposes, and suggest for future research directions. For this purpose, this study consulted a total of 57 pre-existing studies, including 32 articles in academic journals, 21 masters’ theses, and four doctoral dissertations conducted from 2005 through December 2021. The results are as follows: First, to examine the trends by year and type, comparing the 2010s to the 2000s when the research began. It was found that the number of studies greatly increased in the 2010s, and the frequency of studies in the 2020s tend to increase further. Second, as a result of an analysis of the trends by topic, it was found that teaching and learning methods were most studied and that there were also many studies concerned with strategy. However, there were relatively fewer studies on evaluation and curriculum. Third, this study aimed to examine trends by research method. It was found that the studies mostly employed the survey method, followed by quantitative mixed method and experimental approaches. Consequently, it was noted that the quantitative research methods were most widely used in the field of listening to Korean for academic purposes, and at the same time, since all studies that used mixed research methods employed another research method along with the survey method, it was found that the use of the survey method was the dominant type of quantitative research method.
Improvement of Speaker Verification Using Deep Learning Techniques

Deep learning (DL) has been used to solve a range of real-time artificial intelligence (AI) challenges with great success. This is a cutting-edge area of machine learning (ML) that has been rapidly evolving. As a result, deep learning is quickly becoming one of the most popular and well-defined machine learning techniques, with applications in a wide range of fields, including image processing, computer vision, speech and speaker recognition, emotion recognition, natural language processing, hand-written character recognition, cyber-security, and many others. Over other prevalent methods, DL approaches have demonstrated superior performance in speech processing areas like as voice recognition and speaker recognition. We describe an experimental setup for speaker verification (SV) utilizing DL techniques, and discuss its performance and findings, as well as how it outperformed established approaches such as HMM, GMM-UBM, and SVM. In this research works, we analyse and review deep neural network (DNN) approaches employed in SV systems. With a 1.51% equal error rate (EER), the final result is the best performance of the SV systems of restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM)-based DNN.
Impact of Security Challenges Over Cloud Adoption—A Comparative Study

Offerings of increased efficiency, better scalability and faster deployment make the cloud environment highly demanding in the business. Nowadays, successful cyberattacks are continuously rising, and organizations are paying more ransom to the cybercriminals to recover their own data. Moreover, the confusion over the fundamental responsibilities of shared cloud security among the stakeholders are still unresolved. Consequently, security became the biggest challenge for the cloud. Moreover, public cloud has increasingly gained the trust over the on-premises security provisions. This paper is an attempt to find the correlation existence between the ‘cloud security’ and ‘cloud adoption’, for that, a hypothetical test has been conducted to defend the significance of correlation to draw a statistical inference from it. The outcome of this research hypothesis indicates that the cloud security is not the biggest concern as compared to the benefits it offers. Overall, the significance of correlation, significance of observed correlation and confidence interval and probability (P), all together justify the assumed hypothesis: “Cloud security challenges have no impact on cloud computing adoption”. Finally, despite the highly beneficial offering of cloud services, its threats and challenges are more prevalent than ever, regardless of its threats and challenges the rate of cloud adoption is continuously rising.
Teaching Speaking By Using Media Audiovisual

students can be classified as smart if they are good at speaking English Many studies have been carried out to improve students' speaking skills and still do not get promising results. In this study, the researcher will try to teach speaking by using media audiovisual. there is an effect of audiovisual on speaking ability from the calculation of the mean of the pre-test and The post-test which shows a change in the calculation of the mean pre-test value and post-test value the interval point in the pre-test table is 60-67 or 32% of the student in the class and the post-test table, the interval score is 85-87 with 28% of students in the class. It shows the improvement in the score of the student. So the treatment can improve the student's understanding in the class. in questioner also show a positive response from the student that answer mostly satisfying answers to all questions.
Study of Security in Cryptocurrency

This paper focuses on the contribution of currency in the banking sector as well as finances and security. Over a period of time, there are so many cryptocurrencies that have come into picture. Cryptocurrency also called crypto is a digital currency that can be used as a medium of exchange. Bitcoins are the first cryptocurrency that has captured a great amount of attraction among people. It allows secure digital transactions using cryptography in a distributed manner. Main purpose for creating cryptocurrency is to set traditional currency problems and giving responsibility of currency in user’s hand. Cryptocurrencies have capabilities of having a future, and the digital currencies have possibilities of becoming a potential means of payment.
A Study on an Elderly Caretaker Bot Using Computer Vision and Artificial Intelligence

Currently, 42% of the world’s population is under the age of 25. A survey has revealed that the sector of people aged 65 and above will rise at a rapid rate and reach its maximum by 2050. Eventually, this will lead to shortage of caregivers. Providing proper care and caretaking becomes a matter of great concern for the families of such aged people. Hence, the need for companion robot becomes crucial. The companion robot is a particular type of robot designed in order to surveil and assist the elderly people, especially the ones who stay at home alone. The bot functions in two modes, the auto mode and the manual mode. In the manual mode, any relative, that is, the end user can instruct the bot and surveil the aged person through the video that will be live streamed. In the auto mode, the bot continuously monitors the person and 70assists him in various tasks. It includes voice-controlled activities, such as turning TV channels, calling a person, setting reminders for turning off gas stove and taking tablets. It also includes medical diagnosis and mood detection of the person. Thus, we are planning to come up with a cost-effective bot that will help the elderly people to increase their ease of living with regards to their day-to-day activities.
Benchmarking Learning Efficiency in Deep Reservoir Computing

It is common to evaluate the performance of a machine learning model by measuring its predictive power on a test dataset. This approach favors complicated models that can smoothly fit complex functions and generalize well from training data points. Although essential components of intelligence, speed and data efficiency of this learning process are rarely reported or compared between different candidate models. In this paper, we introduce a benchmark of increasingly difficult tasks together with a data efficiency metric to measure how quickly machine learning models learn from training data. We compare the learning speed of some established sequential supervised models, such as RNNs, LSTMs, or Transformers, with relatively less known alternative models based on reservoir computing. The proposed tasks require a wide range of computational primitives, such as memory or the ability to compute Boolean functions, to be effectively solved. Surprisingly, we observe that reservoir computing systems that rely on dynamically evolving feature maps learn faster than fully supervised methods trained with stochastic gradient optimization while achieving comparable accuracy scores. The code, benchmark, trained models, and results to reproduce our experiments are available at https://github.com/hugcis/benchmark_learning_efficiency/ .
Redundancy in lattice algebra-based associative neural networks for image retrieval from noisy inputs

Since lattice algebra based associative memories can store any number k of associated vector pairs (x, y), where x is a real n-dimensional vector and y is a real m-dimensional vector, we propose a basic redundancy mechanism to endow with retrieval capability the dual canonical min-W and max-M lattice associative memories for inputs corrupted by random noise. To achieve our goal, given a finite set of exemplar vectors, redundant patterns are added in order to enlarge the original fixed point set of the original exemplars. The redundant patterns are masked versions designed to be spatially correlated with each exemplar x in a given learning data set. An illustrative example with noisy color images are given to measure the retrieval capability performance of the proposed redundancy technique as considered for lattice associative memories.
Integrated photonic components for computing and beyond

As integrated photonics is seeing huge progress and renewed research interest, the focus on components that enable demonstrations of components such as tensor cores are becoming vitally important. In this talk I shall present recent progress on work in photonics that aims to enable some of the components required to effectively create on-chip active components for aspects related to computing (Feldmann et al, Nature, 2021; Li et al, IEDM 2020; Rios et al, Sci Adv 2019) as well as for emerging photonic signal processing applications.
Generation and detection of discrete-variable multipartite entanglement with multirail encoding in linear-optics networks

A linear-optics network is a multimode interferometer system, where indistinguishable photon inputs can create nonclassical interference that cannot be simulated with classical computers. Such nonclassical interference implies the existence of entanglement among its subsystems if we divide its modes into different parties. Entanglement in such systems is naturally encoded in multirail (multimode) quantum registers. For bipartite entanglement, a generation and detection scheme with multirail encoding was theoretically proposed [Wu and Hofmann, New J. Phys. 19, 103032 (2017)] and experimentally realized [Kiyohara et al., Optica 7, 1517 (2020)]. In this paper, we will take a step further to establish a theory for the detection of multirail-encoded discrete-variable genuine multipartite entanglement (GME) in fixed local-photon-number subspaces of linear-optics networks. We also propose a scheme for GME generation with both discrete-variable (single photons) and continuous-variable (squeezed states) light sources. This scheme allows us to reveal the discrete-variable GME in continuous-variable systems. The effect of photon losses is also numerically analyzed for the generation scheme based on continuous-variable inputs.
Pedagogical design as a modern phenomenon of individual skill of scientific and pedagogical workers of higher education institutions

Abstract. The search for effective means of professional training of students has led us to the need to analyze and understand the possibilities of pedagogical design in the educational process of higher education. To solve the tasks, methods of historical analysis were used to analyze and generalize the scientific literature on the problem of work; structural-genetic analysis and synthesis, specifying the object and subject of research. An analysis of the scientific and pedagogical literature in which the object of study is "pedagogical design" shows that the definition is a modern phenomenon in the trend of development of pedagogical science. This explains the ambiguity of the interpretation of the concept of pedagogical design by different researchers. In the study, the authors propose an authorial definition of pedagogical design in the narrow sense. Pedagogical design is a complex creative scientific and practical activity of a scientific and pedagogical worker on the formation of a harmonious, aesthetically complete educational environment of students and the development of objects of material culture. Along with the positive effect of the implementation in practice of higher education institutions, the use of pedagogical design does not immediately solve the existing problem of choosing pedagogical learning technologies. Unfortunately, it remains a key problem for the teacher - the subject of the educational process. The scientific novelty of the study is that it is proposed to expand the meaning of "pedagogical design" as a complex creative scientific and practical activity of scientific and pedagogical worker to form a harmonious, aesthetically pleasing educational environment for students and develop effective pedagogical technologies and teaching methods. The practical significance of the study is to expand the scope of pedagogical design in higher education. The presented study does not cover all aspects of this problem. Theoretical and practical results obtained in the process of scientific research are the basis for its further study and improvement. Key words: pedagogical design, individuality, skill, teacher, research and teaching staff, institution of higher education.
Intelligent Heuristic Keyword-Based Search Methodologies Applied to Cryptographic Cloud Environment

Cloud computing is now considered as one of the very important part in information technology. Relying on data transferred to a cloud server has been must as cloud providers offer this services. These have arisen many problems like data integrity, security, and privacy. As the third-party owner of data, the companies take care of it. But the process of transferring the data from one machine to another and to use it by people all over the world is also a challenging task. This critical disadvantage makes existing procedures unsatisfactory in cloud computing as it significantly influences framework convenience, delivering client looking through encounters exceptionally baffling and framework viability extremely low. In proposed research, for whenever we first formally face the problem of compelling fuzzy keywords search over encoded cloud data while maintaining with keyword security. The keyword search “fuzzy” increases using it easily by interacting with data. When end user is looking for inputs to match perfectly with pre-defined keywords or the nearby match with data is semantics dependent. At the point when certain match comes, it variably finds the document match and returns. Through secure search techniques, we are trying to compare the selected from the papers and display the comparison for better understanding of the processes for researchers.