Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
1493. Creation and External Validation of a Clinical Prediction Rule for Diarrheal Etiology Using Natural Language Processing

Abstract Background Infectious diarrheal illness is a significant contributor to healthcare costs in the US pediatric population. New multi-pathogen PCR-based panels have shown increased sensitivity over previous methods; however, they are costly and clinical utility may be limited in many cases. Clinical Prediction Rules (CPRs) may help optimize the appropriate use of these tests. Furthermore, Natural Language Processing (NLP) is an emerging tool to extract clinical history for decision support. Here, we examine NLP for the validation of a CPR for pediatric diarrhea. Methods Using data from a prospective clinical trial at 5 US pediatric hospitals, 961 diarrheal cases were assessed for etiology and relevant clinical variables. Of 65 variables collected in that study, 42 were excluded in our models based on a scarcity of documentation in reviewed clinical charts. The remaining 23 variables were ranked by random forest (RF) variable importance and utilized in both an RF and stepwise logistic regression (LR) model for viral-only etiology. We investigated whether NLP could accurately extract data from clinical notes comparable to study questionnaires. We used the eHOST abstraction software to abstract 6 clinical variables from patient charts that were useful in our CPR. These data will be used to train an NLP algorithm to extract the same variables from additional charts, and be combined with data from 2 other variables coded in the EMR to externally validate our model. Results Both RF and LR models achieved cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.74 using the top 5 variables (season, age, bloody diarrhea, vomiting/nausea, and fever), which did not improve significantly with the addition of more variables. Of 270 charts abstracted for NLP training, there were 41 occurrences of bloody diarrhea annotated, 339 occurrences of vomiting, and 145 occurrences of fever. Inter-annotator agreement over 9 training sets ranged between 0.63 and 0.83. Conclusion We have constructed a parsimonious CPR involving only 5 inputs for the prediction of a viral-only etiology for pediatric diarrheal illness using prospectively collected data. With the training of an NLP algorithm for automated chart abstraction we will validate the CPR. NLP could allow a CPR to run without manual data entry to improve care. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
No-Reference Image Quality Metric for Tone-Mapped Images

Tone-mapping operators transform high dynamic range (HDR) images into displayable low dynamic range (LDR) images. Image quality evaluation of these LDR images is not possible by comparison with their corresponding high dynamic range images. Hence, a no-reference image quality metric for tone-mapped LDR images is proposed based on the fitting to the present psychophysical results including different visual image quality attributes. Ten images, including HDR natural scenes, were tonemapped using six TMOs. They were used in the assessment and visual attributes were determined to predict the quality of these images. The visual attributes (brightness and Naturalness) were modeled using parameters derived from CAM16-UCS. Results showed that the quality prediction of the model had a reasonable degree of accuracy.
GMT Based Comparative Analysis and Geomorphological Mapping of the Kermadec and Tonga Trenches, Southwest Pacific Ocean

Current study is focused on the GMT based modelling of the two hadal trenches located in southwest Pacific Ocean, eastwards from Australia: Tonga and Kermadec. Due to its inaccessible location, the seafloor of the deep-sea trench can only be visualized using remote sensing tools and advanced algorithms of data analysis. The importance of the developing and technical improving of the innovative methods in cartographic data processing is indisputable. Automatization in data analysis has been significantly increased over the past years. However, using programming and scripting in cartography still remains lower comparing to the use of the traditional GIS. Therefore, developing GMT-based methods for the geomorphological data processing is crucial for better understanding the landforms of the seafloor. Methodology includes application of the GMT scripting toolset for the automated digitizing of the profiles crossing the trenches in perpendicular direction. A sequence of the GMT codes enabled to visualize raster and vector data, perform geomorphological modelling, descriptive statistical data analysis and quantitative comparison of the two trenches. Using GMT, the bathymetric sample data of the Kermadec and Tonga trenches were modeled, analyzed and compared. The results show deeper bathymetry and more seafloor roughness for the Tonga. Comparing to Kermadec, Tonga Trench has steeper gradient of the profiles. The seafloor geomorphology is strongly affected by a variety of factors that shape actual form of both trenches. The experimental methodology is fully based on the GMT scripting with presented and explained codes.
Many of a Kind with Classes

Building objects via classes, and organizing them in hierarchies in JavaScript, is hard. Functions, constructors, the prototype property—combine all of these using a secret recipe, sprinkle some magic dust, and voila, we have inheritance, assuming we get all the wiring correct. Without having an intricate understanding of how JavaScript prototypal inheritance works, it feels like its black magic.
Copyright protection systems

Once an esoteric provision of the copyright code, the prohibition on circumvention of technological measures to control access to copyrighted works (such as digital rights management on DVDs and Blu-ray discs) has become something of a consumer protection flash point. Opponents of the anti-circumvention provisions assert that they prevent consumers from being able to repair their own electronic devices, which are controlled by microprocessors that are often protected using technological protection measures. Content owners assert that loosening the rules would make it easier to create and distribute pirated content.
PENGARUH TRANSPARANSI DAN AKUNTABILITAS KEUANGAN SEKOLAH TERHADAP MOTIVASI MENGAJAR GURU DI KABUPATEN KEEROM

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of transparency and accountability in school finances with teacher teaching motivation. This study was conducted in Keerom Regency, one of the districts in the Indonesia - Papua New Guinea border region. This research is an empirical study that examines the direct relationship of variables. The population numbered 1,129 teachers, with a sample of 200 people. The results of the study explain the variables of transparency and financial accountability together to influence the teaching motivation of teachers. Partial test results show the effect of transparency is significant, but the effect of accountability was not significant.
The Effects of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Surface Treatment on Dried Banana Leaves Fibre (DBLF) to Prepare and Characterize Degradable Plastic Materials with waste Polypropylene

A wide-ranging application of thermoplastic materials has stricken most current industries, such as manufacturing industry, transportation industry, medical industry and many more other industries [1].Due to plastic flexibility characteristic, the utilization of petroleum-based non-biodegradable plastic is turn out to be endless.This scenario has cultivated the important of postproduction on waste plastic, combined with natural fibres, which are currently available and feasibly being consumed as a secondary phase of the polymer matrix composites (PMC).The resulting composite also known as green composites.The bio composition between waste plastic and natural fibres have superior and outstanding mechanical properties as well as physical properties [2].Thermoplastic materials have been increasingly used for various applications [1].In this research, the waste from injection moulding scrapped was consumed as a matrix and the plant-based natural fibres have been utilized to reinforce the matrix phase.The Effects of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Surface Treatment on Dried Banana Leaves Fibre (DBLF) to Prepare and Characterize Degradable Plastic Materials with waste Polypropylene
Research Guides: IS 490: Senior Project: Google Scholar

This guide gives general suggestions for library resources for students completing their capstone projects in Information Systems.
208.2: Organ donation on the internet: Quality and readability in English.

Background: The internet might be an excellent tool to create awareness and provide useful information about organ donation (OD). However, many internet-based websites do not appear to be function as sources that the public will learn reliable information about OD. We visited the websites related to OD and analyzed the quality of their content and the readability of the texts in English. Methods: OD websites were identified using the search term “organ donor” or “organ donation” on Google on March 2nd, 2019. A relevant websites list was compiled consisting of the 100 top-ranking “.gov” websites, the top 100 “.edu” websites and the 100 top-ranking “.org” websites concerning their domain suffixes. We generated a scoring system to identify the quality of information about OD. Definitions, FAQs, donation calls and audio-visual materials were examined to assess the quality of websites’ content. We used the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Formulae, Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook (FOG index), Flesch Reading Ease Test and a Fry graph to assess the readability grade for the included documents/ Results: Of the 300 websites, 50 websites were eligible for evaluating. Only three (27.3%) of the relevant eleven “.gov” websites were of high quality. The median Flesch Reading Ease scores were 54.8 and categorized as fairly difficult levels. Seven (43.8%) of 16 “.edu” websites were deemed as being high quality. The median FOG index was 11.5 (9.2-15.3). Only nine (39.1%) of 23 “.org” websites had high quality. When the eligible “.gov”, “.edu” and “.org” websites were examined in terms of readability, the median readability grade level for all evaluated websites was 10 (9-12). None of the “.gov”, “.edu” and “.org” websites had fairly easy, easy or very easy level. Quality scores and readability grades were not different among the website sources containing “.edu”, “.gov” and “.org” (p=0.795, p=0.218, respectively). Conclusions: The recommended readability level of online materials needs to be written at or below the sixth-grade level to be adequately understood (1). In the present study, the most important finding was that the content of websites related to the OD far exceeds current readability grade recommendations and they do not have a satisfactory quality as well. The difficulty in reading site-content about OD was further confirmed by a classification of at least fairly difficult level for the majority of the evaluated sites. Unfortunately, messages of.gov,.edu and.org websites cannot reach people who are willing to donate, but have limited health literacy. We believe that a redesign of the current online content of websites, in order to provide for and encourage people to donate, is likely the first step to successfully raise OD rates. References: 1. Finnie RK, Felder TM, Linder SK, Mullen PD. Beyond reading level: a systematic review of the suitability of cancer education print and Web-based materials. J Cancer Educ 2010;25:497-505.
64 Bit Block Cipher Cryptography Design Based on Traditional Game Patterns with West Java

Cryptography is a technique of securing data. To improve the security level, cryptography needs to be developed. Block Cipher Cryptography based on Traditional Game Pattern in West Java Bentengan is designed to make a new cryptography. This cryptography is designed by 4 process and 10 rounds. Testing is also done by Avalanche Effect the character changes reach up to 51,563%, so it can be an alternative in securing data.
Speckle Denoising With NL Filter and Stochastic Distances Under the Haar Wavelet Domain

Synthetic aperture radar SAR imaging systems have a coherent processing that causes the appearance of the multiplicative speckle noise. This noise gives a granular appearance to the terrestrial surface scene impairing its interpretation. The similarity between patches approach is applied by the current state-of-the-art filters in remote sensing area. The goal of this manuscript is to present a method to transform the non-local means (NLM) algorithm capable to mitigate the noise. Singlelook speckle and the NLM under the Haar wavelet domain are considered in our research with intensity SAR images. To achieve our goal, we used the Exponential-Polynomial (EP) and Gamma distributions to describe the Haar coefficients. Also, stochastic distances based on these two mentioned distributions were formulated and embedded in the original NLM technique. Finally, we present analyses and comparisons of real scenarios to demonstrate the competitive performance of the proposed method with some recent filters of the literature.
Il francoprovenzale in Puglia: situazione attuale e prospettive

This contribution aims to examine the present status of Francoprovencal in two small villages of the province of Foggia: Faeto and Celle di San Vito, where the alloglot language cohabits with Italian and several dialects belonging to the Italo-Romance linguistic group. Drawing on the recent sociolinguistic investigations conducted in these multilingual communities, we will point out the uses of Francoprovencal and the informants' perception and attitudes towards the local minority language, which will enable us to gauge the weaknesses and the strengths of Francoprovencal. If the link with the past and the feeling of identity represent a solid basis for the maintenance of the alloglot language, in the new European discourse, based on the recognition of a collective identity, multilingualism may undoubtedly represent a prospect for this language at risk of extinction.
Bayesian Networks for Detection of Postoperative Health Care-Associated Infections Using Electronic Health Care Record Data

Bucher, Brian T. MD, MS, FACS; Skarda, David E. MD, FACS; Finlayson, Samuel R.G. MD, MPH, FACS; Chapman, Wendy W. PhD; Gundlapalli, Adi V. MD, PhD; Ferraro, Jeffrey P. PhD Author Information
Interacting with C and Python

In the early days of microcomputers, like the Apple II, people wrote complete applications in Assembly language, such as the first spreadsheet program VisiCalc. Many video games were written in Assembly to squeeze every bit of performance they could out of the hardware. These days, modern compilers like the GNU C compiler generate fairly good code and microprocessors are much faster; as a result, most applications are written in a collection of programming languages, where each excels at a specific function. If you are writing a video game today, chances are you would write most in C, C++, or even C#, then use Assembly for performance, or to access parts of the video hardware not exposed through the graphics library you are using.
The Schema in Cognition

The brain of an infant may be the blank tablet envisaged byLocke [1], but as it is shaped by both experience and languageit develops into the mind of an adult. As the character of thematuring individual becomes defined, the mind shapes experiencesdecreasingly according to immediate stimuli themselves andincreasingly according to linguistic interpretations of and emotionalreactions to perceptions. Thus, the environment does not dictatehuman behavior but provides a context for its expression.
Confronting digital disruption : how organizational dynamics shape response strategies in incumbent firms

Despite growing recognition for the pervasive impact of digital technologies in driving disruption, surprisingly little theoretical guidance or empirical evidence exists for how digital technologies impact organizational processes of the incumbent firms and how and why do the ensuing organizational dynamics shape the incumbent’s strategic responses to the threat of disruption? Our paper addresses this question by combining a ‘processual’ approach with a ‘performative’ perspective to investigate the digital disruption process confronting incumbents firms. Our research with participants from two firms operating in two different industries allowed us to capture the digital disruption experienced by these incumbents while also examining how and why they are responding to the lurking threat of digital disruption. Our analysis unearthed three distinct organizational dynamics which we have called Dynamics of the Pioneer-Settler Dilemma, Dynamics of Technology Affordances and Dynamics of the Red Queen Effect that shape an incumbent’s response to digital disruption. We expand and elaborate on these dynamics which were seen to influence the entwinement of the digital disruption process with the incumbent’s organizational processes. By identifying the dynamic processes through which digital technologies trigger disruption within incumbents and by illuminating how and why these processes shape the incumbent’s strategic response, our study offers theoretical and practical guidance for managing digital disruption.
On an Euler-Lagrange equation for color to grayscale conversion

In this paper we give a new method to find a grayscale image from a color image. The idea is that the structure tensors of the grayscale image and the color image should be as equal as possible. This is measured by the energy of the tensor differences. We deduce an Euler-Lagrange equation and a second variational inequality. The second variational inequality is remarkably simple in its form. Our equation does not involve several steps, such as finding a gradient first and then integrating it. We show that if a color image is at least two times continuous differentiable, the resulting grayscale image is not necessarily two times continuous differentiable.
Lambdas with Arrow Functions

Functions are used everywhere in JavaScript. A face-lift to make their syntax succinct, and consequently easier to use and understand, was long overdue.
Implementing Educational Courses on Social Media Within Prisons to Decrease Unemployment Rates Among Ex-Prisoners and Reduce Recidivism in the United States

This paper focuses on whether or not it would be beneficial to implement educational courses on social media within prisons in order to prepare prisoners for release, improve post-release unemployment rates, and improve recidivism rates in the United States. Since the early 1990s, technology has grown to a point where it has become a part of everyone’s daily life, which includes social media platforms (Greenstein, 2012). While society has adapted to these advancements, prisoners who have been removed from society for many years are unable to achieve the same levels of social media comprehension, which can cause disparity between their skill levels and preparedness for release. If society has an expectation for ex-prisoners to assimilate seamlessly, it would be beneficial if prisons aided prisoners by keeping them updated in the necessary skills needed to be successful post-release. This paper will discuss background information and past research to provide in-depth knowledge on social media, social media advancements, current prison programs, studies that have looked into social media within prisons, and statistics on the success rate of securing employment opportunities through social media. The analysis of past research will support whether or not implementing educational courses on social media within prisons can be beneficial in improving unemployment rates among ex-prisoners, which could improve recidivism rates long term due to the inter-connectivity between the two.
A Study on Improvement of the Defense Logistics Integrated Information System Using the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM)

The military should efficiently manage peacetime strength and operate military power to achieve victory in a war.Also, it should strive to enhance its readiness with the operation of many personnel, equipment, facilities, etc.However, as a result of increasing difficulty in investing in defense due to citizens' growing request for economic development and welfare, already established information systems should be actively utilized for efficient defense resource management.This study examines the impact of military DELIIS use factors and suggests options to promote the sustainable intent of use of the system.In this regard, the paper sets up a hypothesis on the sustainable intent of use centering on users from military organizations, and conducted surveys on a random sample of logistics action-level personnel in the lowest level of echelons.The results show that the functional quality was the lowest out of all subfactors in an equipment maintenance system including operating system quality, functional quality, content quality, network quality, and service quality.Also, perceived ease (PE) had a medium effect in a relationship with perceived usefulness (PU), and PU had a medium effect in a relationship with PE and sustainable intent of use.Thus, for an equipment maintenance information system (EMIS), it is shown that the swift nature of the system network and improvement of factors considering the user's convenience are important factors, and sustainable use factors include the system's superiority and possibility of wide use.
USING ACTIVE TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE READING COMPREHENSION ACHIEVEMENT ON NARRATIVE AND RECOUNT TEXTS OF TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 2 PRABUMULIH

The purpose of the study was to improve reading comprehension achievement on narrative and recount texts of the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 2 Prabumulih.  In the experimental groups, students did their readings by using ACTIVE technique. This study used quasi experiment method. To investigate the improvement of students reading comprehension achievement in the class, the reading tests were given to them. The first thing which was done after designing the test was finding their validity and reliability. The total number of the population was 189 students consisting of 127 females and 62 males. The sample of this study was 83 students consisting of 56 females and 28 males. They were selected by using purposive sampling technique. There were three groups in this study: the experimental groups and control group. In collecting the data the instruments used were tests, namely pre test ( at the beginning of the treatment) and post test (after the treatment). The statistical analysis were applied to analyze the collected data, that is One Way Anova (to asses the differences within the group) and linier regression (to find out the contribution of the independent variable to the dependent variables). The result of the study shows that (1) The ACTIVE technique is effective in improving the reading comprehension achievement on narrative and recount text of the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 2 Prabumulih. (2) The ACTIVE technique contributes more on students reading comprehension achievement on recount text than the narrative one.