Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Orientation of University Students to Research Activities: Problems and Development Prospects

In the article, the author analyzes the attitude of students to research activities. A sociological study was conducted among students of leading universities in the Yaroslavl region. And also, a series of in-depth interviews were conducted with students who consciously and voluntarily engage in research activities at the university. It has been established that boys are more engaged in systematic research activities than girls. At the same time, the majority of young men and women who belong to high-resource groups are engaged in science in order to subsequently enroll in graduate and postgraduate studies. Young men, for the most part, believe that through engaging in science you can assert yourself, and girls believe that through involvement in science you can expand your socially significant connections. Young men from families who belong to middle-resource and low-resource groups, for the most part, are engaged in science in order to enroll in a master's degree and then, if possible, in graduate school, so that they are not taken to serve in the army. In addition, it was revealed that students who are actively engaged in research activities have high academic performance. Basically, special departments in universities, professors, and deputy deans for science are trying to involve students in scientific activities. It has been established that the main reasons why students do not engage in research work is the lack of interest in science and research. It was revealed that those who previously systematically and purposefully participated in scientific conferences are planning to enter the master’s program. And also, the part of students who belong to high-resource family groups (wealthy families and parents with higher education and in a status position). The less wealthy the respondent’s family, the more he wants to receive a research grant. At the same time, girls, to a greater extent than boys, would like to receive a grant. Measures aimed at stimulating the research activities of university students are proposed.
Digital Skills and Digital Educational Environment: Students’ Competence

The article analyzes the level of digital knowledge and skills of students. The author conducted a sociological study, within which a survey and testing of full-time students was carried out to assess their digital literacy. It has been established that boys, to a greater extent than girls, are engaged in searchieng, downloading, installing and configuring software in everyday life and use different programming languages (SQL, R, C++, etc.). In addition, it was found that boys are more likely than girls to install (reinstall) a new operating system. Girls, to a greater extent than boys, use programs for editing photo, video and audio files in everyday practice after studying. Unfortunately, only one-fifth of students work with big data and edit and manage website content. It was found that girls are more likely than boys to blog (regularly replenish it with entries, images or multimedia), as well as upload personal author’s files (articles/magazines, music, videos, programs, etc.) to any sites, social networks etc. for public access. It has been established that girls mostly conduct financial transactions using the Internet (Internet banking). Boys are more likely than girls to carry out search queries about everything related to sports. It was also revealed that over the past six months, only a small part of the students surveyed had the opportunity to improve their skills in working with computer software as part of their studies at the university. Basically, students, regardless of gender and age characteristics, increased the level of digital literacy on their own as part of additional professional training. It has been established that students do not fully use the resources provided in the electronic educational environment. Most often, they receive assignments from teachers there, pass tests, test papers, etc. It was revealed that boys are more ready than girls to perform complex operations, independently write macros, algorithms, syntax. The author of the article proposes activities aimed at improving the digital literacy of students.
Problems of Distance Learning in Schools of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

The presented article is devoted to the problem of distance learning in Yakutia. In the conditions of restrictive measures to counteract the new coronavirus infection, the necessary conditions for satisfying the possibility of distance learning were the availability of communication, access to the Internet and the availability of electronic devices. Providing equal opportunities to receive school education in a distance mode is closely connected with the development of communication networks, which is a special task for a region with its climatic and geographical features, territorial scale, inaccessibility, transport logistics, etc. Based on the analysis of official sources, statistical information and the results of a sociological survey concerning the educational sphere, some indicators of the conditions of the organization of the educational process are considered. It is determined that there is an inequality in the availability of the Internet, differentiated by territorial principle.
The Role of Supervision for University Students

The article analyzes a sociological survey of students on the topic “Supervisor in the eyes of the student”. The aim of the article is to find an answer to the question whether a university student needs a supervisor. The sociological survey was conducted in 2022 with the participation of 1st and 2nd year students of Bashkir State Agrarian University. The sample population was 642 students aged 17 to 25. The ratio of male and female students in the sample was 57 and 43%, the ratio of 1st and 2nd year students was 56.7 and 43.3%, respectively. The survey questions covered all aspects of the supervisor’s activities, such as monitoring, organizational, informational, etc. This allowed the most complete analysis of the relationship “supervisor – student” and identify the role of the supervisor in the academic group.
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS IN TURKISH TEXTBOOKS

Emotional words take place not only in oral texts but also in written texts and are directly related to the subject and main idea of the text.In addition, the mental state of the person who created the text and the characteristics of the target audience also affect the emotional expressions given in the text.Identifying and analyzing emotional words has an important role in determining the texts to be processed in Turkish textbooks, considering the target audience.In the Turkish Curriculum updated in 2019, emotions are handled as a separate theme and some emotions are given in the program.Sentiment analysis examines whether the content of sentences, paragraphs, or texts in its broadest form is positive or negative.This study, which aims to determine the positive and negative sentiments contained in narrative and poetic texts in Turkish textbooks, is a qualitative study.Document analysis method was used in the research.The material of the research consists of seven Turkish textbooks.As a result of the research, it has been determined that in the secondary school Turkish textbooks (all levels) positive sentiments are more common than negative sentiments, love and curiosity are among the positive sentiments, and sadness and fear are prominent among the negative sentiments.
Data Presentation of Computer Course Ranking in Nursing College using SQL and Data Analysis at Tobruk University

Research used quantitative with natural experiment research design for analysis of respondent performance in Computer course compared to other courses. The study present tables and figures of data as a result of extraction by SQL and data analysis using the ranking of Computer course in Nursing College of Tobruk University from the final grade of 3rd year student of academic year 2021-2022 and 2022-2023. The result of the study shows the ranking of the course. The paired t-test for Computer and Average grade AY 2021-2022 has a correlation of 0.896282, a p-value of 0.000237, and AY 2022-2023 has 0.819637 and 0.0078 respectively, both showing significant difference, and Computer course is above the Average grade. ANOVA on courses compared for AY 2021-2022 at 9.160967 and AY 2022-2023 of 11.84815, have p-value below 0.000001, showing significant difference in terms of average.
AN ANALYSIS OF MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS’ STRATEGIES IN LEARNING SPEAKING SKILLS IN POST PANDEMIC CONTEXT

The aimed of this research was to find out the strategies of male and female students in learning speaking skills during the post pandemic. The method used in this research was qualitative method in the type of phenomenological research. This research used a semi-structure interview as instrument to collect the data. The subjects in this research were 4th semester students of English Education Department, at Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. The research subjects were 10 students which consist of 5 female students and 5 male students. This research used purposive sampling technique. The results of this research showed that male and female students used all types of strategies; memory strategies, cognitive strategies, compensation strategies, metacognitive strategies, affective strategies, and social strategies in learning speaking during the post-pandemic. The difference only lays the number of male and female students in using the methods of each group strategies and the difference in the method used in the group strategies by male and female students. Female students used each group learning strategies more than male students. Most of female students used memory strategies, cognitive strategies, compensation strategies, metacognitive strategies and social strategies. While most of male students used memory strategies, cognitive strategies, compensation strategies and metacognitive strategies.
Dual-axis solar tracking system providing an intelligent step changing range (SCR) approach using real-time FDM with a sensorless design

In this study, an electrical and mechanical design of a sensorless dual-axis solar tracking system (DASTS) is proposed by using a fuzzy logic decision-maker (FDM) method. The proposed DASTS provides maximum efficiency by adaptively changing the step range without using any sensors. DASTS has eliminated sun position detection errors caused by environmental factors in conventional methods. The step ranges determined for the movement of the motors (linear actuators) in sun tracking are given to the system by an FDM developed in real-time. In the intelligent step changing range (SCR) approach, there are two independent FDMs that direct the azimuth angle and tilt (elevation) angle to control the DASTS. The proposed system is implemented in the LabVIEW environment, and 30.5% more electrical energy was obtained compared to the fixed PV system. In addition, the proposed method is 6.64% more efficient than the DASTS using only the mathematical method. Besides, with the FDM with SCR, step times can be determined with an accuracy of 97.24%. As a result, the proposed intelligent sensorless system is especially suitable for rural installations, unlike the systems in the literature, with its cost-effectiveness, low maintenance requirements, and high-efficiency increase.
STUDENTS’ STRATEGIES IN ENHANCING VOCABULARY

The purpose of this study was to find out the learning strategies used by seventh-semester students majoring in English education at UKI Toraja in enhancing their vocabulary through interviews. In this study, the researcher used qualitative research methods. The population of this study was the seventh-semester English students majoring in FKIP UKI Toraja. To collect data, the researcher used observation and then interviews that were conducted in person and by telephone and recorded via cellphone. The researcher used cluster sampling in selecting samples, and there were 20 students as respondents. The obtained data were analyzed by data reduction, data display, and drawing or verifying conclusions.Based on the results of the research, the researcher concludes that the seventh semester students of the English education department of the FKIP UKI Toraja faculty use various learning strategies to improve their vocabulary. The learning strategies they use are determination strategies, social strategies, memory strategies, cognitive strategies, and metacognitive strategies.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE STUDENTS COMPETENCE IN PREDICTING PICTURES ON READING TEXT AT SMA NEGERI 1 BARRU

This research deals with a reading focused on analysis of the students competence in predicting pictures on reading descriptive text particularly in describe the object. The level of students analyzed is the XI Grade at SMA Negeri 1 Barru.This research used a descriptive quantitative method. The population of this research was grade XI of the students that consist of 340 students at SMA Negeri 1 Barru. The sample of this research used purposive sampling was XI MIA 2 that consisted of 30 students. The instrument used in this research was picture and essay test.The result of this research was the competence in predicting pictures was very good. From 27 students or 90% got very good level. The second is good level, there were 2 students or 7% got good level. The third is low level, there were 1 students or 3% got low level. As well as their reading comprehension of the text with mean score 80.33. It can be conclude that the result of this research was appropriate with the theory which stated that pictures was useful for getting students to predict what is coming next in a lesson. It is also help the students can look at the picture and try to guess what it shows.
A PARAMETRIC VARIATION OF ENGLISH AND EKPARI INFLECTION SYSTEM

Inflectional morphemes perform grammatical functions. It is often added to a root word to show a particular grammatical function. The inflection system varies from one language to another. Second Language Learners of English tend to encounter problems due to this variation. Guided by Contrastive analysis as the theoretical underpinning, the study focuses on the extent to which the inflectional system of English and Ekpari are similar or different in number, tense, aspect and agreement. Data on Ekpari were generated from two indigenous speakers of Ekpari through interviews and discussion while data on English were sourced from relevant literature and grammar textbooks. Findings revealed that Ekpari typically uses prefixes as inflectional morphemes to mark grammatical categories while the English language typically uses inflectional suffixes to mark the same function. Besides, it was also discovered that Ekpari does not mark genitive case and agreement inflection. In English, nouns are inflected to mark genitive cases while verbs are inflected in terms of person and number to show agreement with the subject but such does not exist in Ekpari. Ekpari does not mark possession, aspect or agreement relations. The nouns do not have to agree or correspond with the finite verb for agreement in the language. Thus, verbs do not change their forms for purposes of agreement in Ekpari. Hence, Ekpari learners of English must be adequately exposed to master the rules guiding inflection process in the English language to overcome the likely problems these differences will pose to them.
Neural Network Survivability Approach of a Wave Energy Converter Considering Uncertainties in the Prediction of Future Knowledge

To tune the wave energy converter (WEC) controller parameters such as damping to reduce the line force during extreme wave conditions, future knowledge of the line force is required. Using data-driven approaches, we are able to model nonlinear dynamics, however, new questions emerge on the accuracy of the future wave and system state predictions, and how this uncertainty propagates into the final prediction of the line force. As incorrect damping may lead to excessive line force and detrimental damage to the system, these are the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed. To answer these questions a series of neural networks is designed that first predicts the surface elevation and power take-off translator position. Then, this information is fed to a convolutional neural network that predicts the peak line force. Following a sensitivity analysis, the results suggest that the peak force prediction model is considerably sensitive to the accuracy of the PTO translator position prediction, while it has an insignificant sensitivity to the prediction of surface elevation. The prediction accuracy of the peak forces dropped by only about 7% when the predicted input was used in the lower damping cases, whereas, a larger drop was seen for the higher damping.
An innovative automatic indexing method for Arabic text

Automatic indexing and text retrieval methods for languages have been studied for a long time. Automatic indexing is a process of extracting words from a document to classify the documents per subject and to enhance the information retrieval process. Compared to other languages, there is still limited research conducted for automated Arabic text categorization. In this work, we present an innovative method to reinforce the accuracy of automatic indexing of Arabic texts by introducing and integrating a thesaurus. Our model extracts new relevant words by referring to the created thesaurus, which contains and identifies words, synonyms, and correlations. This thesaurus is built using a natural language toolkit, which contains a library that lists the synonyms of a particular word available in the WordNet library. The words that have the same meaning and frequently appear together are grouped under one umbrella using a JavaScript Object Notation dictionary, making it leisurely to identify the topic of the text. Our results exhibit notable improvement in accuracy and efficiency compared to previous works.
Re-Pair In Small Space

Re-Pair is a grammar compression scheme with favorably good compression rates. The computation of Re-Pair comes with the cost of maintaining large frequency tables, which makes it hard to compute Re-Pair on large scale data sets. As a solution for this problem we present, given a text of length $n$ whose characters are drawn from an integer alphabet, an $O(n^2) \cap O(n^2 \lg \log_\tau n \lg \lg \lg n / \log_\tau n)$ time algorithm computing Re-Pair in $n \lg \max(n,\tau)$ bits of space including the text space, where $\tau$ is the number of terminals and non-terminals. The algorithm works in the restore model, supporting the recovery of the original input in the time for the Re-Pair computation with $O(\lg n)$ additional bits of working space. We give variants of our solution working in parallel or in the external memory model.
On the Relation between Syntactic Divergence and Zero-Shot Performance

We explore the link between the extent to which syntactic relations are preserved in translation and the ease of correctly constructing a parse tree in a zero-shot setting. While previous work suggests such a relation, it tends to focus on the macro level and not on the level of individual edges-a gap we aim to address. As a test case, we take the transfer of Universal Dependencies (UD) parsing from English to a diverse set of languages and conduct two sets of experiments. In one, we analyze zero-shot performance based on the extent to which English source edges are preserved in translation. In another, we apply three linguistically motivated transformations to UD, creating more cross-lingually stable versions of it, and assess their zero-shot parsability. In order to compare parsing performance across different schemes, we perform extrinsic evaluation on the downstream task of cross-lingual relation extraction (RE) using a subset of a popular English RE benchmark translated to Russian and Korean. In both sets of experiments, our results suggest a strong relation between cross-lingual stability and zero-shot parsing performance.
The Use of Youtube English Educational Videos in Improving Listening Comprehension

This research aims to find out how students can use YouTube's educational English videos to enhance their listening skills. A Google Form online survey was used as the survey methodology for this quantitative research. The target population for this research is senior high school students taking English classes. Due to the application's beneficial effects on the student's hearing, the data analysis showed that the student can enhance their listening comprehension with YouTube's educational English videos. The results of this research suggest that watching English instruction videos on YouTube can improve students' listening comprehension. The results were supported by every student, who agreed that using YouTube to improve their listening comprehension could be helpful. This research is far from perfect and still has many flaws. The researcher therefore expects that another researcher will continue their study into how to use YouTube's application for English educational videos more effectively, especially in listening comprehension across a range of academic levels. The study's benefits and potential to help other researchers who want to look into a connected topic are also anticipated by the researcher.
Multilingual Speech Recognition Initiative for African Languages

Abstract This paper summarizes a speech recognition initiative for African languages. More precisely, we propose innovative approaches that address the low-resource property of these languages. For both monolingual and multilingual systems, our methods rely on self-supervised pre-trained models for multiple languages. We tested our method on seven African languages and dialects: Amharic, Darija, Fongbe, Sudanese, Swahili, Wolof, and Yoruba. We first trained monolingual models that were used as baselines, and then proposed proof-of-concepts for systems that handle multiple languages. Our multilingual systems were based on three scenarios: (a) we trained a single model by concate-nating the multilingual corpora; (b) we discussed this first model by testing another joint model that predicts the spoken language using language-specific tokens before the text transcription; and (c) we fed a one-hot encoder vector to the latent feature extractions before training the single model and for inference. For this purpose, a language identification model is required. We also investigated the impact of lexical ambiguity by removing diacritics from text in some languages.
Understanding Reading English Text Through Strategies Employed by Students at University of PGRI Palembang

The goals of this study were to understand more about students' learning strategies for understanding English reading content and to discover why did students employed those strategies. Students in the second semester of the English Education Study Program at the University of PGRI Palembang participated in this research. A qualitative descriptive method was used in this study. A semi-structured interview was also used as a primary source of data. Data collection, data reduction, data display, and data verification were all utilized to examine the information. The data revealed that students used a variety of strategies to perceive the English reading text. Besides, habitual translation was the most commonly used reading strategy through students, while guessing the meaning of the text was the least commonly used reading strategy. Additionally, this study found through several reasons.
Building exercises to develop calculation capacity for the 11th grade students in teaching the topic “sulfur and sulfur compounds” in high school

Calculation capacity is one of the specific competencies that need to be developed for students, formed mainly in teaching Mathematics and other subjects, including Chemistry. The development of calculation capacity can be accomplished by different methods. One of the effective measures is using exercises in teaching chemistry. In this paper, a procedure for constructing and application of the exercise “Sulfur and sulfur compounds” in order to develop calculation capacity for high school students will be presented.