A blind color image watermarking algorithm combined spatial domain and SVD

International Journal of Intelligent SystemsVolume 37, Issue 8 p. 4747-4771 RESEARCH ARTICLE A blind color image watermarking algorithm combined spatial domain and SVD Qingtang Su, Corresponding Author Qingtang Su [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-8291-1435 School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China Correspondence Qingtang Su, School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, 264025 Yantai, China. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorXueting Zhang, Xueting Zhang orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-2607 School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorHuanying Wang, Huanying Wang orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-0967 School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author Qingtang Su, Corresponding Author Qingtang Su [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-8291-1435 School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China Correspondence Qingtang Su, School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, 264025 Yantai, China. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorXueting Zhang, Xueting Zhang orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-2607 School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorHuanying Wang, Huanying Wang orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-0967 School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 16 November 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/int.22738Citations: 3Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract It has great significance for protecting the image copyright with color image digital watermarking technique, which needs the watermarking algorithm has high robustness, good imperceptibility and short running-time. A blind colour image watermarking algorithm combined spatial domain and singular value decomposition (SVD) is designed to protect the rightful ownership of color image in this paper. The theoretical principle combined SVD and spatial domain is first discussed and proposed in this paper. Based on the derived principle, the watermark information can be directly embedded into the maximum singular value (MSV) of the host image in the spatial domain by the new quantization index modulation with variable quantization step, and the embedded watermark information can be directly extracted from the MSV of the watermarked image block in the spatial domain with geometrical correction. The contributions of this paper include the following four points: (1) the relationship between the changed MSV of SVD and the average changed value of image pixel in the spatial domain is the first derived in this paper; (2) the presented method has the merits of both spatial-domain technique and transform-domain technique; (3) the relationships of each component of the color image are used to improve the invisibility and the geometrical correction of watermarked image is also adapted to further improve the robustness; and (4) this presented method overcomes the false-positive problem that existed in many watermarking methods based on SVD. Simulation results demonstrate the new presented color image watermarking technique has better imperceptibility, higher robustness and shorter running-time compared with some state-of-the-art methods. Citing Literature Volume37, Issue8August 2022Pages 4747-4771 RelatedInformation