Percepción de los actores escolares frente al uso de los smartphone en prácticas pedagógicas

The use of the smartphone in pedagogical processes is an activity that has intensified, as a result of the health emergency caused by SARS COVID 2. This research work started from that premise, seeking to know what teachers think about the use of the smartphone in pedagogical processes , and how that perception fits into the concept of feeling-thought, which means feeling about a present situation, and thinking based on already vivid experiences. Well, this work focused on knowing how the perception of teachers changes or is maintained, in the face of the use of a mobile device, whose primary characteristic is the technological speed with which it evolves.For the development of the research, three specific objectives were proposed. The first objective corresponded to the establishment of pedagogical advantages and disadvantages arising from the implementation of educational methodologies.With clarity about favorable and unfavorable factors, the phase of analysis of feelings of the teaching staff and students was passed, through a data collection exercise (second objective). Six conclusions emerged from this phase. First, the cell phone, in the Colombian context, is not a pedagogical or didactic tool, but rather a tool that has been used as a channel of communication and interaction between teacher and student in times of pandemic. Second, there are no intervention methods or pedagogical processes that regulate an academic environment, prone to the use of mobile technologies such as the smartphone. Third, one of the challenges with the greatest weight and management needs is to close the technological gap that can be generated in teachers who do not have training or preparation in pedagogical topics that imply the inclusion of complex technologies. Fourth, the smartphone is not entirely a distracting object, since this problem is the product of digital settings and environments that are not suitable for teaching or learning through mobile technologies. Fifth, the smartphone will be necessary in future scenarios, as it allows students access to pedagogical processes and the dissemination of academic conferences. Now, although an advantage, an economic problem also emerges, since not all students can acquire a cell phone to attend classes, a fact that increases the concept of inequality. Sixth, the students' perception came together in an apparent boredom or demotivation, the product of long hours of teaching through a cell phone.Having identified the feelings, and developed a comparison exercise between data collected in 2019 and in 2021, the third objective was carried out, which had a conceptual chapter in which the results obtained through the perspective of Jesus Martin Barbero were studied. and his proposition about misfortunes in education (lack of quality and elements of research aimed at generating science and technology). Likewise, these results were interconnected with the social transformation factor that Barbero exposed in the reflection article Inheriting the Future, Thinking Education from Communication.Finally, it must be made known that the methodology of the research process was of a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. Two phases were proposed for its development. In the first, the objective was to conceptualize the advantages and disadvantages of using the Smartphone in classrooms based on the approach already developed by Pisanty, Enriquez, Chaos-Cador and Burgos (2010); Kuimova, Burleigh, Uzunboylu, and Bazhenov (2018) and Zamuri, Sarwanto, and Rukayah (2020). In the second, and taking into account the variables pandemic, SARS COVID 2, mobile and cellular pedagogy and current teaching, a data collection process was developed through the structural interview instrument, with general questions. The sample element for the application of the interviews was made up of five teachers who are experts on the subject of including ICT in pedagogical processes, and five students who have had to study through a Smartphone in times of pandemic.