Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Students’ Perceptions of using Cake Application for Speaking Skills at The First Grade of SMA Negeri 1 Jambi

The objective of the research entitled The Students’ Perception of Using Cake Application for Speaking Skills at the First Grade Students’ of SMAN 1 Jambi this research aim to investigate students’ perception of Using Cake Application for Speaking Skill in findings and discussions, the researcher presents several items of conclusion is follows: The problems of the research is what are students’ perceptions of using Cake application for speaking skills at the first grade of SMA N 1 Jambi. The researcher uses a qualitative research with the use of phenomenology approach. Perception of students in first grade SMAN 1 Kota Jambi which the researcher found in-depth interviews and document analysis. Students’ perception of using Cake Application is very well. This is evident from the students who know what features are available in the cake application which have different functions for speaking skills. By knowing the function of each feature, it proves that students learn and get the benefits and positive effects of the cake application. Lastly students’ perception of using Cake Application for speaking skills is a great application for learning English because English is an international language and learning English can also broaden students’ knowledge of the Indonesian languages than they have learn.Key words: Students’ Perception, Cake Application.
PERBEDAAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV YANG MASUK PAGI DENGAN MASUK SIANG DI SD NEGERI 147 PEKANBARU

The school is one of the conters for learning activities that can be used to develop their potential. There are many types of activities that students can do in school, such as : read, write, take notes, ask questions, practice and express opinions. However, there are schools that implement the morning access system by entering betel. This study aims to describe the differences in the learning activities of Class IV students who enter pekanbaru 147 public elementary schools. The method used is qualitative. Data acquisition techniques by observation with data analysis techniques by collecting data, then reducing data, presenting data, and finally searching for conclusions. The results of this study show that students do more positive activities in the morning, while students do more negative activities in the afternoon. This research is useful to broaden the knowledge and and insights of researchers in the field of education, particularly in student learning activities, and as a material consideration for future researchers
A reproducible PhD: Adventures in open science and reproducible reporting

Finding your way in the ever-increasing landscape of responsible research practices is not an easy task.Getting acquainted with open and responsible research methods and tools requires a personal investment on top of your daily research hassles, and opinions between researchers vary widely in which of those practices are worth undertaking.Blessed with the unlimited patience and support of my PhD supervisor, I challenged myself to start my long walk towards a reproducible PhD.I discuss my adventures in open science and reproducible reporting, and what helped and motivated me along the way.I focus on the importance of small successes, personal engagement, and a supportive environment in your personal development as a responsible researcher.My aim is to inspire other researchers at KU Leuven to start their personal journey towards open and reproducible science, by showing how I am dealing with the enormously rich garden of responsible research practices and by emphasizing the importance of not letting perfect be the enemy of the good.To give a short teaser, my personal adventures with open and reproducible science include: preregistration, valuing the importance of theory, open data and code, interactive data visualizations, Bayesian statistics, open source software development, broader science communication, teaching open science, attending and organizing open science events, and reproducible reporting, the latter with an online, interactive, reproducible midterm report as a personal highlight.
The Best Way to Select Features? Comparing MDA, LIME, and SHAP

Feature selection in machine learning is subject to the intrinsic randomness of the feature selection algorithms (e.g., random permutations during MDA). The stability of selected features with respect to such randomness is essential to the human interpretability of a machine learning algorithm. The authors propose a rank-based stability metric called the instability index to compare the stabilities of three feature selection algorithms—MDA, LIME, and SHAP—as applied to random forests. Typically, features are selected by averaging many random iterations of a selection algorithm. Although the variability of the selected features does decrease as the number of iterations increases, it does not go to zero, and the features selected by the three algorithms do not necessarily converge to the same set. LIME and SHAP are found to be more stable than MDA, and LIME is at least as stable as SHAP for the top-ranked features. Hence, overall, LIME is best suited for human interpretability. However, the selected set of features from all three algorithms significantly improves various predictive metrics out of sample, and their predictive performance does not differ significantly. Experiments were conducted on synthetic datasets, two public benchmark datasets, an S&P 500 dataset, and on proprietary data from an active investment strategy.
SEGMENTATION OF IMAGES BY GRAPH CUT USING KERNEL K_MEANS

Introducing a multiregion graph cut image partitioning through kernel mapping of the image data. The proposed function consists of two terms: an original kernel-induced term which evaluates the deviation of the mapped image data within each region from the piecewise constant model and a regularization term expressed as a function of the region indices. Using a common kernel function, the objective functional minimization is carried out by iterations of two consecutive steps: Minimization with respect to the image segmentation by graph cuts. Minimization with respect to the regions parameter through fixed point computation.
Tympanic Membrane Generation with Generative Adversarial Networks

Obtaining sufficient original data in most studies in the field of medical pattern recognition is a difficult and time consuming process. Different data augmentation methods are used to increase the amount of data to be used to train these systems. In this study, a generative adversarial networks based system that produces artificial images by using the tympanic membrane images taken from otoscope devices for data augmentation has been designed and trained. Artificial images that has been generated by different generative adversarial networks have been evaluated by specialist physicians with a Visual Turing test. Preliminary results show that artificial medical images can be perceived as real with high confidence scores.
The Application of the 25-Grid Point 3D Biharmonic Equation in Human Face Recognition

The paper used mathematical methods to create a model of human face images. Human face recognition has emerged as a major issue, occupying an active area in a variety of fields. It has strong ties to the broader field of pattern recognition and is in high demand in commercial and security applications that use biometric systems. The fundamental issue in face recognition is the difficulty in numerically solving the fourth-order Biharmonic Equation to generate an Elliptic Surface. Combining Elliptic Surface discrete numbers with human face images is similarly difficult. The research looked at the effectiveness of solving the three-dimensional Biharmonic Equation in the field of human face identification, as well as the modelling of face images in order to identify people based on their facial information. The procedure included dividing the surface using the forward finite differences approach to obtain the coefficient matrices of the grid points that form the elliptic surface, and then extracting human face photos from a database using a 3D camera. MATLAB was then used to extract the statistic data information and plot the curves of these data from the images. It has been found that the 25-grid point's surface is conservative field.
The Effectiveness of Using Talking Chips Strategy for Students’ SpeakingAbility of The VIII B Grade At MTs NU Gombengsari in The Academic Year 2017/2018

There are several skills to master English as international language must be taught in teaching learning process that is listening, speaking, reading and writing. This research explores the experimental research of effectiveness in using talking chips strategy for students’ speaking ability of Eighth B grade at MTs NU Gombengsari in the 2017/2018 academic year. The primary data were taken from pre test and the secondary data were taken from post test. The numbers of respondents are 34 students in the population that uses purposive sampling. The purpose of this research was intended to know the effectiveness of talking chips strategy for students’ speaking ability and to find out the significant different of students speaking ability in vocabulary, pronounciation and independence. In this research, the researcher used the pre test and post test as data collecting method and t-test formula as data analysis. There are 1,65% of the effectiveness of talking chips startegy that had been applied. The degree of value of this research is stated in 32. The result of talking chips strategy is able to increase the achievement of speaking ability. Learning description of speaking ability using talking chips strategy is easier for the students to explore their ideas.
Las infografías, un recurso multimedia para la educación

This article makes a review of the concept of infographic and didactic infographic as a visual and multimedia resource for teaching-learning, from the review it is compared with some preliminary analyzes of the data collected through a questionnaire from the first phase of the study: “Didactic infographics for teaching in an EVA, of UNICAB virtual school”. Qualitative data collected from teachers regarding the visual resources they use to present the contents on the platform and the conception of infographics in relation to graphic and structural textual aspects are presented. Finally, it is evident that the infographics are important visual resources for teachers, but there is a low index against some elements of this tool.
병역자원 감소에 따른 육군 초급간부 획득 홍보방안 연구

This study is a study on the promotion plan for obtaining beginner officers according to the reduction of military service resources. With two variables, the reduction of military resources and the change in the environment for acquiring defense manpower, analysis of environmental changes for securing excellent manpower for the specialization of beginner officers, which is a key factor, as the key to promoting military structural reform is fostering a technology- intensive elite military. And, accordingly, the promotion plan for customized acquisition of Generation Z was studied.First, from the viewpoint of the environment for acquiring defense personnel, the shortage of military service resources will intensify, and accordingly, the environment for acquiring the army''s beginner officers will be worse.Second, from the perspective of changes in new media trends, the justification is raised that public relations by public institutions should also maximize public relations effects by introducing advertising and marketing techniques.Third, from the point of view of the media usage of ''Generation Z'', it will be necessary to make full use of promotional strategies such as Audience Targeting, Native Advertising, and Micro-Moments.Fourth, from the perspective of the army manpower acquisition promotion organization and budget, the need to reinforce and integrate the recruitment promotion organization and budget is raised. We believe the PR budget, which is focused on, should be significantly increased.
Evaluation of roles of internal controls in preventing and detecting frauds: A study of Guaranty Trust Bank PLC, LAGOS.(2005–2017)

The study evaluated the roles of Internal Controls in preventing and detecting fraud; in essence, the study assess the impact of internal control system as a means to maximize and prevent the occurrence of fraudulent practices in any form in the banking sectors. The researchers used two sources of data collection, the primary source which enable researchers to get first class information and the secondary method of data collection. In this research work, questionnaires were administered for collecting data using random sampling techniques. Results of this study shown that the major causes of fraud and actors that contributed to the incidence of fraud and forgery in commercial banks is job insecurity, and also revealed that overriding of control system in the banks by top management has also significantly contributed to the collapses of some banks in the past couple with poor or weak management control, monitoring and lack of supervision of internal control system and procedures which also caused fraud to be perpetrated. It has been established in this study that internal control system is paramount in ensuring effective operation of banks, and it has impact on prevention and detection of fraud and enhances the overall profitability of banks. From the study, it was cleared that Guaranty Trust Bank Plc, there control procedures and monitoring activities have shown conformity with good internal control system and staff job being highly secured.
The interface between employment law and enforcement, remedies and sanctions

In most areas of intellectual property ownership derives from the creative or inventive acts of individuals, or of a group of individuals. It is increasingly rare for a single individual, or a group of individuals to create subject matter that is protected by intellectual property, outside an employment or other contractual relationship. The identification of who is or is not an employee under any particular legal system, and the consequences of this in terms of ownership of intellectual property, can become critical to matters of enforcement. Within a single jurisdiction there may be differences as between the consequences of the existence or otherwise of an employment relationship for the first ownership of different types of intellectual property right. The lex loci protectionis is applied to the enforcement of intellectual property rights. A lex originalis approach is recommended to the issue of intellectual property generated in the course of employment.
Las lenguas y el yo en construcción : la configuración de la identidad a través de nuestras relaciones con las lenguas extranjeras y las redes sociales

The present study arises from a personal question on the role of foreign languages in the construction of our identity, the way we relate to them and how these processes can be reflected in the use of social media. Based on this question, two objectives were set: to determine the role of foreign languages in the construction of identity through the relationships that users establish with these languages and to analyze the role of social media in the process of identity configuration in foreign languages. To meet these objectives, different conceptual and theoretical notions were employed, among which stand out the notion of identity (Rovira, 2008) linked to that of languages (Michael Byram, 2006), as well as that of social media and digital identity (Warburton et Hatzipanagos, 2012), among others. Furthermore, for the present qualitative oriented research with a phenomenological approach, we worked with three participants who were users of social media and who also used at least one foreign language in these spaces. We gathered their testimonies through a semi-structured interview and in turn we observed the way they express themselves and interact mostly in foreign languages on these networks. In addition, we created an analysis grid to categorize and analyze the collected data in the observation. Finally, from the results we obtained, we concluded that our participants have established different relationships with the languages they have learned, which shows that they are not uniform, but complex and unique for each person. Some of these could be labeled as relationships of love, of intimacy, of hatred, among others. In addition, we concluded that these relationships are part of the identity configuration process on and offline, since with these relationships, dynamic and changing ways of being are built and can be observed in the interaction with others and in the use of multimodal and intertextual tools in these spaces.
Tracking Animated Object in Video via Image Content Modeling

Tracking and recognizing the target using a film or a sequence of consecutive images is one of the most significant fields of research in machine vision. In the current research, a spatial-temporal content model is used to track images in the video. In this method, at first, a Spatio-temporal content model between the target object and the surrounding spatial background is learned based on the spatial relationships of a scene. The next time stage is performed using an assurance mapping design in tracking that can integrate Spatio-temporal content information and estimate the location of the target object by maximizing the assurance mapping. Likewise, content is used to help track moving objects in complex scenes and to try to reduce side effects and background interference. The simulation results are offered for fixed and moving camera modes, and lastly, the range of parameters designed to track the moving object in both modes is expressed. The simulation results reveal the speed, power, and accuracy of the suggested algorithm.
Inference of Causal Effects when Control Variables are Unknown

Conventional methods in causal effect inferencetypically rely on specifying a valid set of control variables. When this set is unknown or misspecified, inferences will be erroneous. We propose a method for inferring average causal effects when all potential confounders are observed, but thecontrol variables are unknown. When the data-generating process belongs to the class of acyclical linear structural causal models, we prove that themethod yields asymptotically valid confidence intervals. Our results build upon a smooth characterization of linear directed acyclic graphs. We verify the capability of the method to produce valid confidence intervals for average causal effects using synthetic data, even when the appropriate specification of control variables is unknown.
Perancangan M-Learning Interaktif Model Hybrid untuk Pembelajaran Matematika Materi Geometri dan Trigonometri Tingkat SMA (Studi Kasus: SMAS IT Mutiara Duri)

M-learning is a media for learning that uses software to run it. With the existence of mobile learning, the teaching and learning process will be more effective in the field of education, one of which is mathematics. Mathematics is a science that has an important role because its implementation can be found in all fields. Based on BNSP data that the results of the 2019 National Examination in SMA, the lowest subject is mathematics, especially on Geometry and Trigonometry material. For this reason, this final project is made by implementing an interactive multimedia concept with a hybrid model, which is a combination of drill and practice model and tutorial model. Based on the blackbox testing that has been done, all features and functionality of the Android application that was built have been running well. Based on the usability testing, an average score of 72.5% was obtained where the value was in the acceptable category range. This shows that the learning application that is built can be an alternative media for studying mathematics.
TRACE ELEMENT COMPOSITION OF NAPHTHIDES IN LIGHT OF THE PERIODIC LAW OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS

Summary This report discusses the features of the distribution of trace elements (TE) in naphthides in connection with the Periodic Table of D.I. Mendeleev. There are several generally accepted geochemical classifications of elements based on this Periodic Law. More than 60 elements have been identified in oil and its derivatives. Only technical limitations prevent the detection of the other elements in D.I. Mendeleev’s Periodic Table of the Elements within oils. The concentrations of these elements are low, but they carry important information. In petroleum geochemistry, for Zn, Br, Mn, Cu, I, As, B, F, Pb, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Sr and other elements occurring in living matter from 1 to 100 ppm, the term “Trace elements”, or “Spurenelementen”, has become widely appropriated.
Explaining Algorithm Aversion with Metacognitive Bandits

Author(s): Kumar, Aakriti; Patel, Trisha; Benjamin, Aaron S; Steyvers, Mark | Abstract: Human-AI collaboration is an increasingly commonplace part of decision-making in real world applications. However, how humans behave when collaborating with AI is not well understood. We develop metacognitive bandits, a computational model of a human's advice-seeking behavior when working with an AI. The model describes a person's metacognitive process of deciding when to rely on their own judgment and when to solicit the advice of the AI. It also accounts for the difficulty of each trial in making the decision to solicit advice. We illustrate that the metacognitive bandit makes decisions similar to humans in a behavioral experiment. We also demonstrate that algorithm aversion, a widely reported bias, can be explained as the result of a quasi-optimal sequential decision-making process. Our model does not need to assume any prior biases towards AI to produce this behavior.
Isabelle's Metalogic: Formalization and Proof Checker.

Isabelle is a generic theorem prover with a fragment of higher-order logic as a metalogic for defining object logics. Isabelle also provides proof terms. We formalize this metalogic and the language of proof terms in Isabelle/HOL, define an executable (but inefficient) proof term checker and prove its correctness w.r.t. the metalogic. We integrate the proof checker with Isabelle and run it on a range of logics and theories to check the correctness of all the proofs in those theories.
El marcador del discurso del español peninsular 'claro' en combinación con otros marcadores y sus posibles traducciones en italiano

This paper will examine the combinations between the Spanish discourse marker claro and other discourse markers in Peninsular Spanish, while suggesting possible translations into Italian. The study adds to earlier research carried out by the Author on similar lines, analysing the combinations between two very common markers in Peninsular Spanish, hombre and bueno , as well as the rest of the Spanish discourse markers. Proposed translations into Italian were included in such publications too. There are two underlying reasons for the selection of this topic: on the one hand, few studies exist on the combinations of different Spanish discourse markers; on the other, their proposed translations - into Italian in this case - seem particularly interesting. Although the Italian certo appears as the almost automatic translation proposal, claro actually lends itself to a wide variety of translation solutions in the target language.As regards the structure of the article, a brief introductory reference to the uses and values of claro - as from an earlier work published in 2020 - is presented before moving on to the core topic of the combinations, with special emphasis on the position of claro . The focus will then shift to whether the uses and values of this discourse marker prevail or if they disappear to let new uses and values emerge.