Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Study of End-to-end Simultaneous Speech Translation Decoding Strategies

This paper proposes a decoding strategy for end-to-end simultaneous speech translation. We leverage end-to-end models trained in offline mode and conduct an empirical study for two language pairs (English-to-German and English-to-Portuguese). We also investigate different output token granularities including characters and Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) units. The results show that the proposed decoding approach allows to control BLEU/Average Lagging trade-off along different latency regimes. Our best decoding settings achieve comparable results with a strong cascade model evaluated on the simultaneous translation track of IWSLT 2020 shared task.
PENGAWASAN INSPEKTORAT DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN DI KABUPATEN KERINCI

This research was conducted at the Sungai Penuh City Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) Office. The handling of flood disasters has not been carried out to the maximum because it is suspected that there is still the handling of flood disasters that are lacking in the community affected by the flood disaster and the role of stakeholders in managing floods is not yet optimal. The research problem formulation is, what is the role of stakeholders in the framework of flood management in Sungai Penuh City? The research objective is to find out the role of stakeholders in the context of flood management in Sungai Penuh City. This research uses a qualitative approach where data is obtained through field interview guidelines to 5 informants who refer to the research indicators, namely 1. Prevention 2. Warning 3. Preparedness 4. Disaster Impact 5. Response. 6. Recovery 7. Development. The data obtained in the field were analyzed based on the classification of the informant's answers described in the results and discussion of the research which was then interpreted by the researcher. it is known that the Role of Stakeholders in Handling Flood Disasters in Sungai Penuh City there are 5 indicators of the framework of thinking that have not been maximally implemented, namely the indicators of Prevention, Warning, Preparedness, Disaster Impacts and Discipline while for the Response and Development indicators have been implemented to the maximum. For this reason, the authors suggest that the role of stakeholders in handling flood disasters in Sungai Penuh City can be improved so that facilities and infrastructure as well as houses that are damaged due to flood disasters can be overcome properly.
SPDC: once again on the parameters of transverse entanglement outside the near zone

As known, the degree of entanglement of biphoton states with respect to the transverse components of photon wave vectors (momenta) or coordinates can be characterized either by the parameter K associated with the Schmidt decompositions, or by the parameter R, defined as the ratio of the widths of the unconditional and conditional single-particle distributions of biphoton states. As entanglement is a fundamental characteristics of a state, it must be independent of a choice of its different representations, i.e. its entanglement parameters must be identical in the coordinate and momentum representations. Likewise, entanglement itself and its characterization parameters must remain constant along the photon propagation length. It's known, however, that only the parameter K obeys these requirements, whereas the parameter R in the coordinate representation deviates from K beyond the near zone and, thus, becomes inapplicable as a measure of the degree of entablement. But, as shown below, there is a way of saving the parameter R by means of modifying its definition in such a way that the modified parameter R turns out to be as good as the parameter K both in the momentum and coordinate representations, as well as in the near and far zones and everywhere between them. We will discuss also possible ways of measuring this newly defined parameter R experimentally.
The Most Important Risks Resulting From The Computerization of Smart Decisions

The risks of automation in making "smart" decisions are among the most critical problems facing the modern world, as the issue of digitizing all areas of society is an integral part of it. Today, anyone tries to make their life simple in everything from robots used in production to remote control of home appliances. The decision-making process also tends to be simplified, but this simplification creates some risks that must be addressed, minimized, or prevented at best. This research aims to understand the principles and methods of developing, making, implementing, automating decisions and risks. In this study, the phenomenon of automating administrative decision-making was studied, the risks of this trend were considered, and the extent of effective implementation of this trend in Jordan was understood. This work can be used as a theoretical basis for automating business processes and as practical recommendations for monitoring and researching vulnerabilities in automated systems.
Probabilistic and dynamic colloid equations

We obtained two equations that characterize the structure of the colloid: the equation of the Schrodinger type that specifies the redistribution of heat and potential energy in the colloid and material equation – the diffusion equation with the operator of Liesegang associated directly with a substance that allows you to find the discontinuities of the structures caused by the vibrations of electrically charged particles. This procedure based on the assumption of the instability of the colloidal state, caused by the movement of charged particles. The reality is not collected in parts from the particles of matter in the course of evolution from the past to the future, and is all at once from the past to the future for a given pattern, that is, for specific PATTERNS, as defined by quantum theory. Without going deep into the theory of Kulakov, we will accept its fundamental provisions as a certain given. The forms of this structural data were obtained experimentally and mathematically confirmed. Let there be a certain angle of the skeleton, where due to the unevenness and partial randomness of the structure of the core grids forms "defects" – that is, electrical or magnetic moments of a particular order. Then small mobile clusters are attracted to it by electrostatic or electromagnetic forces, which are then adsorbed and somehow arranged on the "defects" in accordance with their dipole moments. This circumstance can be determined by "magic numbers", that is, as the number of clusters "stuck" to the defect of the core structure, with the formation of chemical bonds in the future. We can assume that the spanning structure of Coxeter can form small clusters form regular polyhedrons, and may occur or other structure having more complicated form.
Keamanan Jaringan dengan Cowrie Honeypot dan Snort Inline-Mode sebagai Intrusion Prevention System

Computer network systems have been designing to share resources. Sharing resources process, data security, and confidentiality are main issues in anticipating misuse of the access to information by unauthorized parties. The solution to anticipating these problems is the availability of a security system capable of handling various intruders who threaten the system and protect network resources. This study builds and analyzes the performance of computer network security using cowrie honeypot and snort inline-mode as an Intrusion Prevention System (IPS). The development process goes through the stages of analysis, design, implementation, and monitoring. The content analysis method has been using to explore the problems and requirements of the system built. The security system was build by configuring the IP address and network system devices (server, remote admin, client attacker). The test has been carrying out on 3 test parameters (confidentiality, availability, and integrity), comparison testing method has been using to test the integrity parameters. The test results indicate that the system functionality test for user needs have fulfilled, the results of the confidentiality test (83.3%), availability (93.3%), and the integrity of the inline-mode snort show faster response time (0.069 seconds on average) and more CPU resource usage efficient (0.04% average) than the cowrie honeypot. IPS snort inline-mode overall integrity parameter testing is more recommended for used network security systems than cowrie honeypots.&#x0D;
Computational linguistic grammar theory and its application to artificial intelligence

The goal of this paper is to establish a new approach with graph networks, which we refer to as the cluster grammar, as a computational linguistic grammar. The main content of this paper is the construction of the theory and the verification of its potential for application in computer science.We begin by introducing the graph networks, which we refer to as cluster graphs. The graphs are considered as the essential elements for the language ability. The innate abilities that we introduce in order to elucidate the acquisition of the language ability, generation and processing of sentences are given as graph theoretical algorithms. The theory includes a sort of verification problem as well as the Universal Grammar introduced by Chomsky, however the theory is intended to be applied for information technology where the given algorithms and methods can be developed further to have computers process languages with more developed data structure and more human.Contents:IntroductionGrammar StructureAcquisition of the Language Ability and Application for ComputerConclusion and further investigationReferences
An analysis of student's speaking difficulties in reporting a procedure text

Speaking skill is the skill that give us the ability to communicate effectively. The objective of the study were: (1) to find out the difficulties in reporting procedure text, (2) to find out the reason why do the students feel difficulties in reporting the procedure text, (3) to analysis why the difficulties occur at the studentsspeaking in reporting a procedure text.The population was all of the students first grade X-IPA of SMA Methodist 7 Medan 2019/2020 academic year. The sample of this research was the first grade X IPA consist 29 students in the class. The purpose of this study was to determine student knowledge in the text of the reporting procedure to determine student difficulties in the text of the reporting procedure. This researchers used qualitative method to know and examine the difficulties that occur and strive to resolve existing problems in speaking. From the results of research that has been conducted research, researchers found several that are classified through analysis, namly related to students difficulty in speaking, lack of vocabulary used, lack of pronouncation, and lack of knowledge about listening. And researchers used five aspects in giving scored namly Fluency, pronouncation, Accuracy, Clarity, and Performance skill.The researchers concluded in the other words that there was a significant analysis of students difficulties in reporting procedure text. It is suggested that English Teachers must practicing they speaking skill.
Comparing the Value of Labeled and Unlabeled Data in Method-of-Moments Latent Variable Estimation

Labeling data for modern machine learning is expensive and time-consuming. Latent variable models can be used to infer labels from weaker, easier-to-acquire sources operating on unlabeled data. Such models can also be trained using labeled data, presenting a key question: should a user invest in few labeled or many unlabeled points? We answer this via a framework centered on model misspecification in method-of-moments latent variable estimation. Our core result is a bias-variance decomposition of the generalization error, which shows that the unlabeled-only approach incurs additional bias under misspecification. We then introduce a correction that provably removes this bias in certain cases. We apply our decomposition framework to three scenarios -- well-specified, misspecified, and corrected models -- to 1) choose between labeled and unlabeled data and 2) learn from their combination. We observe theoretically and with synthetic experiments that for well-specified models, labeled points are worth a constant factor more than unlabeled points. With misspecification, however, their relative value is higher due to the additional bias but can be reduced with correction. We also apply our approach to study real-world weak supervision techniques for dataset construction.
Photonic tensor core and nonvolatile memory for machine learning

Here, we introduce an integrated photonics-based tensor core unit by strategically utilizing i) photonic parallelism via wavelength division multiplexing, ii) high Peta-operations-per second throughputs enabled by 10’s of picosecond-short delays from optoelectronics and compact photonic integrated circuitry, and iii) near-zero static power-consuming novel photonic multi-state memories based on phase-change materials featuring vanishing losses in the amorphous state. Combining these physical synergies of material, function, and system, we discuss a design and performance of a 4-bit photonic tensor core unit.
Deep Reinforcement Learning Guided by a Library of Possibly Unreliable Advice

Humans' impressive learning abilities are partly due to their capacity to reuse information from diverse sources. This competency is incredibly valuable for quickly mastering new tasks. Moreover, it is fundamental to overcome sample inefficiency of Reinforcement Learning. Nevertheless, without safeguards, following advice blindly may be detrimental to the learning process. Still, standard guidance schemes are poorly designed to asses the value of advice leading to weak guidance because valuable advice become indiscernible from detrimental one. We propose a novel transfer learning algorithm in which a library of policies potentially trained in different contexts advises a student learner. We provide evidence that the standard guidance algorithm which directly manipulates the student's policy is sensitive to follow sub-optimal advice. On the contrary, we propose to guide the student by maximizing the value function taken over a particular mixture of policies. The mixture of policies incorporate the knowledge from expert and rapidly provide fast learning. Our approach allows sample efficiency, even with sub-optimal advisors. It improves the overall performance of the algorithm concerning learning from scratch a task. We evaluate our approach on several control benchmarks.We provide strong empirical evidence that in multiple contexts that our approach provides exciting results.
Software engineering a forty years research retrospective

This paper presents author experience with software development during last forty years. It is divided into three eras: closed and open -systems and Internet of Everything, each covered by challenges, issues and solutions. The main stream is given from the interoperability perspective and flavored by security issues. Variety of applications domains, that author faced during his carrier, each with own challenges, is presented. Example include computer graphics systems, special-purpose solutions, business-to-business, business process management, e-government, and smart cities.
Three-Dimensional Image Compression Using 2.5D Spatial Subsampling and Reconstruction Using 2.5D Morphological Filters

Three-dimensional image compression is an important requirement in 3D medical imaging applications. The paper describes a novel approach to compress a 3D image to 25% and reconstruct it so that the reconstructed image is almost close to the original image. Spatial sparsing is used to subsample every slice of a given 3D image, and slice-wise reconstruction is carried out using certain morphological filters. This technique is called 2.5D compression of 3D images.
Creating and Setting Up Your Project

Welcome to Creating ASP.NET Core Web Applications! This book will guide you through creating a typical ASP.NET Core Web Application, from start to finish. All the code illustrated in this book is available on GitHub and will be an invaluable resource to you as you navigate the code samples in the book.
Hierarchical and Partially Observable Goal-driven Policy Learning with Goals Relational Graph

We present a novel two-layer hierarchical reinforcement learning approach equipped with a Goals Relational Graph (GRG) for tackling the partially observable goal-driven task, such as goal-driven visual navigation. Our GRG captures the underlying relations of all goals in the goal space through a Dirichlet-categorical process that facilitates: 1) the high-level network raising a sub-goal towards achieving a designated final goal; 2) the low-level network towards an optimal policy; and 3) the overall system generalizing unseen environments and goals. We evaluate our approach with two settings of partially observable goal-driven tasks -- a grid-world domain and a robotic object search task. Our experimental results show that our approach exhibits superior generalization performance on both unseen environments and new goals.
A Protocol for Checking Equality of Data Using Hash in Ideal Model of Secure Multiparty Computation

The ideal Secure Multiparty Computation (SMC) model deploys a Trusted Third Party (TTP) which assists in secure function evaluation. The participating joint parties give input to the TTP which provide the results to the participating parties. The equality check problem in multiple party cases can be solved by simple architecture and a simple algorithm. In our proposed protocol Equality Hash Checkin ideal model, we use a secure hash function. All the parties interested to check equality of their data supply hash of their data to the TTP which then compared all hash values for equality. It declares the result to the parties.
Oversampling errors in multimodal medical imaging are due to the Gibbs effect

To analyse multimodal 3-dimensional medical images, interpolation is required for resampling which - unavoidably - introduces an interpolation error. In this work we consider three segmented 3-dimensional images resampled with three different neuroimaging software tools for comparing undersampling and oversampling strategies and to identify where the oversampling error lies. The results indicate that undersampling to the lowest image size is advantageous in terms of mean value per segment errors and that the oversampling error is larger where the gradient is steeper, showing a Gibbs effect.
Models of the Reading Architecture

This chapter describes what has been learned about <italic>reading architecture</italic>, or how the mental processes that support word identification, sentence processing, and discourse representation during reading are coordinated with the systems that support vision, attention, and eye-movement control. The chapter reviews key findings that shed light on the nature of reading architecture, mainly using the results of eye-movement experiments. The chapter then reviews precursor theories and models of the reading architecture—early attempts to explain and simulate reading in its entirety. The chapter goes on to review a large, representative sample of the models that have been used to simulate and understand natural reading. Models are reviewed in their order of development to show how they have evolved to accommodate new empirical findings. The chapter concludes with an explicit comparative analysis of the models and a discussion of the empirical findings that each model can and cannot explain.
THE EFFECT OF ACTIONAL FUNCTIONAL MODEL (AFM) TO THE STUDENTS SPEAKING ABILITY AT VII GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP SWASTA BAHALBATU IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2018/2019

The Effect of Actional Functional Model (AFM) To the Students Speaking Ability At VII Grade Students Of Bahalbatu I Private School In Academic Year 2018/2019. This study investigated the speaking ability of the VII Grade students of the Bahalbatu I Private Middle Scholl. The sampleof this study was the whole students of VII Grade, andthere were 74 of them. They were chose as the samplewith the assumption if the populations of the research are less than 100, it is better to include all of them as the sample. In this study, the researcher appliedexperimental research. The instrument to get the datawas by giving test. The test referring to speaking ability, in which there three indicators of it, understanding pronunciation and fluency, are mastering vocabulary, mastering grammar. Based on the data derived and its result, scores of students’ speaking ability before and after using actional functional model and to the VII grade students of Bahalbatu I Private Middle School in Academic year 2018/2019 are as follows:1) The students’ speaking ability before using actional functional model is on the average 70.63. It can be categorized “Good”. 2) The speaking ability after using actional functional model is on the average 80.18. It can be categorized “Very Good”. 3) The calculation of ttest formula is higher than score of “t” table. From the calculation above, it is found that ttest is greater than ttable(9.636>1.937). It means that there is a significant effect of using actional functional model to the students’ speaking ability.
Analysis and Suggestions on Influencing Factors of Student Achievement under Multiple Linear Regression

In response to COVID-19, universities across the country are using the Internet for online teaching. Based on the collection of online course information in a college in Yunnan, this article first assumes the factors that affect academic performance, analyzes the factors that affect academic performance, and establishes a regression model to predict the correlation between the factors. Therefore, corresponding measures and suggestions are put forward to improve the teaching quality of universities.
Entrepreneurial Development and Employment Creation: A Focus on Education and Financial Aid as a Sustainable Option for Youths in Nigeria

This paper shades evident light on the launch of entrepreneurial development and employment creation in recent times. The main objective lays bare the value of entrepreneurial development as a plausible option in the creation of employment for youths in Nigeria. From the study, entrepreneurial development is not rooted on a singular fundamental approach. There are other concentrations, such as entrepreneurial education and financial empowerment, which relates to job creation and sustainability. The inquiry investigated how entrepreneurial training and financial empowerment boost employment creation and sustainability for Nigerian youths. The study righty adopts Econometrics analysis while using a time series data from 1992 to 2015 retrieved from the Bureau of Statistics and Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin. The variables stipulated in the inquiry were analyzed using E-views computational software while inculcating the unit root/ Augmented Dickey Fuller test etc for the statistical analysis. The findings divulged that entrepreneurial education triggers the desire for financial freedom in Nigerian youths. The study appreciably recommends that the government instigate policies that pay more attention to entrepreneurial education in tertiary institutions as Nigerian youths are encouraged to improve themselves via entrepreneurial enlightenment.