Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Quantum Algorithm for Finding Impossible Differentials and Zero-Correlation Linear Hulls of Symmetric Ciphers

In this paper, we present quantum algorithms for finding impossible differentials and zero-correlation linear hulls, which are distinguishers for the two powerful attacks against symmetric ciphers of impossible differential attack and zero-correlation linear attack. Compared to classical methods, the proposed quantum algorithms possess many advantages. Firstly, our quantum algorithm for finding impossible differentials obtains the input and output differences by solving linear equation systems instead of searching in a limited space; Secondly, our quantum algorithm for zero-correlation linear hulls can investigate the key schedule’s effect; Thirdly, the only computation cost of our algorithms is solving linear equation systems, and the size of the systems is not increasing as the round number increases. The core idea of our method is to use the Berstein-Vazirani algorithm to find 1-linear structures of Boolean functions. We check the validity of the proposed quantum algorithm with the SIMON block cipher family and RC5 block cipher. We show that the proposed algorithms can discover some 11-round, 12-round, 13-round, 16-round, and 19-round impossible differentials and zero-correlation linear hulls of SIMON cipher when considering the key schedules and 2.5-round impossible differential of RC5 when considering the round subkeys.
Cryptanalysis of SPEEDY

SPEEDY is a family of ultra-lightweight block ciphers designed by Leander et al. at CHES 2021. There are three recommended variants denoted as SPEEDY-r-192 with $$r\in \{5,6,7\}$$ . All of them support the 192-bit block and the 192-bit key. The main focus during its design is to ensure hardware-aware low latency, thus, whether it is designed to have enough security is worth to be studied. Recently, the full-round security of SPEEDY-7-192 is announced to be broken by Boura et al. at EUROCRYPT 2023 under the chosen-ciphertext setting, where a round-reduced attack on SPEEDY-6-192 is also proposed. However, no valid attack on SPEEDY-5-192 is given due to its more restricted security parameters. Up to now, the best key recovery attack on this variant only covers 3 rounds proposed by Rohit et al. at AFRICACRYPT 2022. In this paper, we give three full-round attacks on SPEEDY-7-192. Using the divide-and-conquer strategy and other new proposed techniques, we found a 5.5-round differential distinguisher which can be used to mount the first chosen-plaintext full-round key recovery attack. With a similar strategy, we also found a 5-round linear distinguisher which leads to the first full-round attack under the known-plaintext setting. Meanwhile, the 5.5-round differential distinguisher also helps us slightly improve the full-round attack in the chosen-ciphertext setting compared with the previous result. Besides, we also present a 4-round differential attack on SPEEDY-5-192, which is the best attack on this variant in terms of the number of rounds so far. A faster key recovery attack covering the same rounds is also given using a differential-linear distinguisher. Both attacks cannot threaten the full round security of SPEEDY-5-192.
Memory-Efficient Quantum Information Set Decoding Algorithm

Code-based cryptography is a candidate for post-quantum cryptography and the security of code-based cryptosystems relate to the hardness of the syndrome decoding problem. The Information Set Decoding (ISD) algorithm initiated by Prange is a typical method for solving the syndrome decoding problem. Various methods have been proposed that make use of exponentially large lists to accelerate the ISD algorithm. Furthermore, Bernstein (PQCrypto 2010) and Kachigar and Tillich (PQCrypto 2017) applied Grover’s algorithm and quantum walks to obtain quantum ISD algorithms that are much faster than their classical ones. These quantum ISD algorithms also require exponentially large lists as the classical algorithms, and they must be kept in quantum states. In this paper, we propose a new quantum ISD algorithm by combining Both and May’s classical ISD algorithm (PQcrypto 2018), Grover’s algorithm, and Kirshanova’s quantum walk (PQCrypto 2018). The proposed algorithm keeps an exponentially large list in the quantum state just like the existing quantum ISD algorithms, but the list size is much smaller. Although the proposed algorithm is slower than the existing algorithms when there is sufficient quantum memory, it is fastest when the amount of quantum memory is limited. Due to the property, we believe that our algorithm will be the fastest ISD algorithm in actual quantum computing since large-scale quantum computers seem hard to realize.
BinAlign: Alignment Padding Based Compiler Provenance Recovery

Compiler provenance is significant in investigating the source-level indicators of binary code, like development-environment, source compiler, and optimization settings. Not only does compiler provenance analysis have important security applications in malware and vulnerability analysis, but it is also very challenging to extract useful artifacts from binary when high-level language constructs are missing. Previous works applied machine-learning techniques to predict the source compiler of binaries. However, most of the work is done on the binaries compiled on Linux operating system. We highlight the importance and need to explore Windows compilers and the complicated binaries compiled on the latest versions of these compilers. Therefore, we construct a large dataset of real-world binaries compiled with four major compilers on Windows and four most common optimization settings. The complexity of the optimized programs leads us to identify specific patterns in the binaries that contribute to source compiler and specific optimization level. To address these observations, we propose an improved model based upon the state-of-the-art, and incorporate streamlined alignment padding features in the existing model. Thus, our improved model learns alignment instructions from binary code of portable executables and libraries using the attention mechanism. We conduct an extensive experimentation on a dataset of 296,169 unique and complex binary code generated from C/C++ applications. Our findings demonstrate that our proposed model significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art in accurately predicting the source compiler and optimization flag for complex compiled code.
Ghidle: Efficient Large-State Block Ciphers for Post-quantum Security

In this paper we propose a new family of highly efficient and quantum secure AES-based block cipher dubbed Ghidle, which supports a key size of 256 bits and a state size of 256 or 512 bits. The large state size implies a “bigger birthday bound” security when these are embedded in modes of operation. Ghidle achieves high efficiency in both the encryption and the decryption by taking advantage of three consecutive executions of AES rounds in AES-NI, while Pholkos, which is an existing quantum-secure block cipher, is designed to be fast for only encryption performance due to the limitation of two consecutive executions of AES rounds. We run benchmarks of Ghidle on x86(_64) and arm64 environments and compare their performance with Pholkos. In our performance evaluation on modern x86 processors, the decryption of Ghidle-512 outperforms that of Pholkos-512 by about 54% while the encryption performance remains the same. We also evaluate the performance on mobile devices with arm64-based processors and the result shows that Ghidle-256 outperforms Pholkos-256 by about 32% for decryption while the encryption remains almost the same. Furthermore, Ghidle-512 outperforms Pholkos-512 by about 21% and 53% for both encryption and decryption, respectively.
Tightly Secure Lattice Identity-Based Signature in the Quantum Random Oracle Model

We present a quantumly secure identity-based signature scheme based on the standard short integer solution problem, featuring tight security reductions in the quantum and classic random oracle models. The scheme has short signatures. Each signature contains a single lattice vector plus a single bit. Compared to the existing tightly secure, short lattice identity-based signature schemes by Pan and Wagner (PQCrypto’21), our scheme has a shorter signature size (around 30% shorter), stronger unforgeability, relies on a weaker assumption, and has detailed proof in the quantum random oracle model.
Homomorphic Signatures for Subset and Superset Mixed Predicates and Its Applications

In homomorphic signatures for subset predicates (HSSB), each message (to be signed) is a set. Any signature on a set M allows us to derive a signature on any subset $$M'\subseteq M$$ . Its superset version, which should be called homomorphic signatures for superset predicates (HSSP), allows us to derive a signature on any superset $$M'\supseteq M$$ . In this paper, we propose homomorphic signatures for subset and superset mixed predicates (HSSM) as a simple combination of HSSB and HSSP. In HSSM, any signature on a message of a set-pair $$(M,W)$$ allows us to derive a signature on any $$(M',W')$$ such that $$M'\subseteq M$$ and $$W'\supseteq W$$ . We propose an original HSSM scheme which is unforgeable under the decisional linear assumption and completely context-hiding. We show that HSSM has various applications, which include disclosure-controllable HSSB, disclosure-controllable redactable signatures, (key-delegatable) superset/subset predicate signatures, and wildcarded identity-based signatures.
An Adaptive Minimum-Frame-Error-Rate BCJR Detector for Magnetic Recording

We propose an adaptive minimum-frame-error-rate (AMFER) Bahl, Cocke, Jelinek, and Raviv (BCJR) detector for the read channel in magnetic recording. Compared with the recently proposed AMFER soft-output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA), the AMFER BCJR detector not only produces more accurate soft information, but it also offers improved convergence performance and better robustness to parameter initialization.
SFF-Siam: A New Oracle Bone Rejoining Method Based on Siamese Network

The rejoining of oracle bone rubbings is a fundamental topic in oracle bone inscriptions (OBIs) research. However, the traditional oracle bone (OB) rejoining methods are not only time-consuming and laborious but difficult to apply to large-scale OB rejoining. We proposed a simple OB rejoining model (SFF-Siam) to handle this challenge. First, the similarity feature fusion (SFF) module is designed to combine two inputs and make them relate to each other, then a backbone feature extraction network is used to evaluate the similarity between inputs, and the forward feedback network outputs the probability that two OB fragments can be rejoined. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the SFF-Siam achieved a good effect in OB rejoining. The average accuracy of the SFF-Siam network reached 96.4% and 90.1% in our benchmark datasets, respectively. It provides valuable data for promoting the use of OBIs in conjunction with AI technology.
Privacy Governance in Contact Tracing Apps: A Comparative International Study

Contact tracing apps have been pervasive throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, despite evidence of their ineffectiveness and broad opposition. Building on a recent study of disaster apps (Sanfilippo, et al., 2020), this paper empirically explores global and contextual privacy issues around contact tracing apps, comparing internationally. In a major contrast with disaster apps, there are significant objections to the potential for misuse prior to data collection or use of the app by broad populations. We discuss the extent to which governance applies to all parameters of information flows, not just a small subset of actors and information types, and the impact of national norms and contexts on patterns of practices. We compare regulatory expectations and practices under emergency circumstances, to better understand contextual privacy issues and meet user expectations during future crises.
Corporate social responsibility in view of the United Nations Global Compact principles and its role in achieving sustainable development Case study of "CHIALI GROUP" Foundation

The study aims to determine the extent to which business enterprises apply the United Nations Global Compact principles for Social Responsibility and assessing the level of commitment of these institutions to achieving the Sustainable Development goals. The study was applied to the "CHIALI GROUP" Foundation located in Sidi BelAbbes where a questionnaire composed of 50 items has been distributed, and analyzed using SPSS V.22 software. The study found that the foundation under study has adopted the principles of social responsibility stipulated in the United Nations Global Compact, and also the foundation seeks to contribute to achieving sustainable development goals. The study found as well a strong positive correlation between the adoption of corporate social responsibility and the sustainable development goals.
The Impact of Creative Marketing on the Competitive Advantage of ServiceEnterprises: Applied to the Islamic Insurance Company (Khartoum State) in the period (2010-2020)

The study aimed to find out the effect of creative marketing on the competitive advantage in service organizations. The study found many results, the most important of which are: The company relies on information technology in providing its services to clients, and the positive impact of creative marketing on competitive advantage. Evaluate its services after they are delivered to customers to gauge their satisfaction.&#x0D;
Cultural &amp; Family Values &amp; Promoting National Identity in the Context of Globalization

The family is the first nucleus in which the individual grows and his personality is formed and his ideas are adopted and his orientations are made, through impregnation of the various cultural values ​​and patterns adopted by society for the sake of cohesion and continuity and progress and leadership and security, using different mechanisms and means that make the individual and the family maintain the values ​​that distinguish society and then maintain On its security and stability, and for each stage of life, methods and methodologies used by the family to achieve the above, as they and until recently had patterns, functions and mechanisms in achieving social and cultural formation that enabled them to enhance their security internally and externally, but the changes that occur in Patterns of family formation and its role in light of the changes taking place as a result of the cultural, knowledge, media and technological globalization that affected the fundamental roles and changed their social and cultural structures, which necessitates relying on fortifying their cultural structure and trying to restore the value fragility (religious, cultural, ethical, social) that it afflicted As a result of the strong flow of global cultural values ​​and their influence on various aspects, starting from this characterization of the current cultural values ​​in the family, its role and importance in promoting the national identity and its destinies, we call us through this research paper to investigate and research what What is the effectiveness of affirming the cultural values ​​of the family in our society in order to enhance our national identity by securing it religiously, morally and culturally, in light of the globalization's dominance and its control over various aspects of life? How are the various implications of globalization reflected on the cultural identity of the young?
The role of public investment spending on economic development in Iraq during the period 1970-2018

Public spending is one of the most important tools of fiscal policy, which reflects the role of the state inintervening in economic life and directing economic activity to achieve the desired economic development.Public spending (both current and investment) is one of the tools of the state that seeks to increaseproduction and achieve economic and social goals and achieve economic stability.Investment spending has a crucial role to play in achieving economic growth and sustainable developmentthrough the growth of all economic sectors that make up GDP
Co-Design Across Cultures: A Two-Country Study With Children

Through this paper, we present the results of an exploratory study conducted in India and the USA, examining how cultural and academic backgrounds shape children’s perceptions of themselves as design partners in participatory design. We used participatory design methods with two small groups of children from India (n=4) and the USA (n=8) to understand their perspectives and experiences. Our initial findings suggest that personal, familial, and educational experiences play a role in the way children view themselves as designers. We also observed that differences between children from the two countries may result in variations in how they approach participatory design. These initial findings may be taken up by future researchers and designers who aim to support more inclusive participatory design across cultures.
Child-to-Child Public Health Messaging through a Portable Craft Tech Interactive in Rural South Africa

Museums play an increasingly important role in public health. In-house makerspaces, fab labs and other contexts fostering 21st century skills could expand children's participation in these initiatives. This could open up new opportunities for children to learn through technology design and enable museums to enhance cultural relevance of health education materials for children. Here we report on a participatory action research study exploring child-to-child public health messaging through a portable craft tech interactive in a rural community museum. The interactive was a floor-based learning game using milk-carton foot switches connected to wireless sensor network hardware programmed with Scratch. The study was run during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, when non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) such as face masks and physical distancing were the principal means for slowing the spread of the virus. Five primary school children worked in a multigenerational team to design an interactive reinforcing COVID-19 NPI messaging. The interactive was presented in four primary schools and a day care centre, where it was used by 747 learners. A mixed methods approach was used to collect data on children's participation in the design process and peer responses to the interactive in the presentations. Results suggest that portable craft tech interactives are a promising new medium for engaging children in public health messaging for children. Designers can make significant contributions to source, message and channel variables, which enhance the fit of education materials with target group culture and provide context and meaning for health messages. 92,9% of the 707 users who completed a post-use survey indicated they would use an interactive again if they had the chance; 88,8% indicated they would like to design an interactive with friends; and 59,4% chose a craft tech interactive game to teach a friend about the coronavirus – over a school textbook, colourful poster, TV advertisement, and radio programme.
Funds of Identity in Co-Design

Participatory Design approaches involving youth are often guided by a desire to position participating young people as equal collaborators and experts at communicating their lived experiences. However, these conceptualizations often foreground the design process, with less attention paid to the holistic set of resources (values, experiences, perspectives, beliefs) that inform young people's identities and influence how they engage in the process of co-design. In this paper, we share how we leveraged a set of identity, team building, and design techniques in combination with a youth development approach to unpack youth identities and support relationship-building within the context of an intergenerational co-design team of eleven teenagers, two young adult mentors, and five adults. Our preliminary findings suggest that providing young co-designers with opportunities to reflect upon and share their individual multifaceted identities can support the formation of a cohesive collective identity, effective collaboration, and design ideas that are relevant to youth and their communities.
Designing AI Interfaces for Children with Special Needs in Educational Contexts

The IDC research community has a growing interest in designing AI interfaces for children with special educational needs. Nonetheless, little research has explored the research and design issues, rationale, challenges, and opportunities in this field. Therefore, we propose to host a half-day workshop to bring together researchers and practitioners from the Learning & Education, Accessibility, and Intelligent User Interfaces sub-fields to discuss and identify existing design issues, challenges, and collaboration barriers, to establish consensus on the design of a pragmatic framework, as well as explore future innovation and research opportunities. We aim to foster mutual understanding and in-depth collaboration among researchers in the IDC community.
A Table Spinning Top to Enhance Family Quality Time

Family dinners introduce an opportunity for quality family time which is significant for the development of emotional skills, life satisfaction and the establishment of a strong parent-child bond. However, family dinners are constantly challenged by mobile distractions. We present the design and preliminary evaluation of a peripheral Tangible User Interface, in the form of a table spinning top. The object is aimed at enhancing family quality time by raising awareness of mobile phone distraction and motivating family members to return their focus to the family activity. A preliminary user study with three families revealed high engagement and increased motivation for stopping mobile distractions and re-engaging in the family interaction. Our results suggest the prototype can assist in regulating digital interference in a constructive and positive way.
Community Tour: An Expandable Knowledge Exploration System for Urban Migrant Children

Urban migrant children encounter difficulties in developing a sense of belonging, which compromises their living experiences and academic performance. This paper introduces Community Tour, an expandable knowledge exploration system designed to assist migrant children with their extracurricular learning, and empower social workers to systematically carry out community events. A knowledge exploration interaction process has been designed to localize STEAM education with community elements through practical tasks, learning motivation, and achievements. Prototypes of interactive installation and back-end platform have been built and partial validation experiments have been conducted, with future work focusing on collaborating with communities for field testing and design iteration. The sustainability of the system lies in the potential for education on various themes, and its compatibility from urban villages to more regular communities, contributing to the child-friendly cities.