Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Scientific and pedagogical intelligence of the Izmail region in the post-war period

The purpose of the study is to cover the daily life of scientific and pedagogical intelligentsia of the Izmail region in the postwar decade on the example of the Izmail State University of Humanities (since 1944 - Belgorod-Dniester Teachers ‘Institute, since 1951 - Izmail Teachers’ Institute). The analysis proofs that in the postwar decade the urgent need of the school was to provide qualified scientific and pedagogical staff. The number of departments and teachers gradually increased, however, the level of qualification of teachers was low, most did not have scientific degrees and academic titles, especially Heads of departments. In the postwar period, the leadership of the school paid great attention to ideological guidelines and propaganda of Marxist-Leninist doctrines, decisions of the Party and government, the formation and promotion of the Soviet way of life. The financial situation of the scientific and pedagogical staff of the Izmail Teachers’ Training Institute in the post-war period, which reflected the level of economic development and public policy towards this group of people, was difficult and miserable. Wages did not meet the required standard of living, food supply was unsatisfactory, but the card system in some way maintained their subsistence level. The housing problem was extremely acute. A characteristic feature of the daily life of teachers was their involvement in political, propaganda and educational activities, defense, patriotic and sports competitions, sports games, various types of procurement and agricultural work. The system of moral values of scientific and pedagogical workers during the first postwar years was determined by Stalin’s totalitarian regime, characterized by ideological campaigns, repression, intolerance of dissent and pluralism of ideas that killed intellectual and creative initiative, any incentives for individuality. The manifestation of the weakening of traditional moral and ethical norms among the scientific and pedagogical staff was bribery and corruption, violation of discipline, non-compliance with orders. As a moral encouragement were used various kinds of gratitudes and letters cultivated the Soviet way of life, behavior and thinking.
Formation of the scientific world of the young generation

The article considers the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of the worldview of the younger generation in the innovation space. The influence of the educational process on the formation of the scientific worldview of the primary level personality is determined. The problem of forming the worldview of primary school students is determined by the author in different directions: philosophical, pedagogical, and psychological. The personal orientation of modern education presupposes the involvement of the individual in the experience of mankind, in creative activity, which is the basis of the spiritual development of the individual. The researcher defined the concept of the worldview of primary school students, studied the process of perception and conditions of effective child development, love of folk art, singing, aesthetic education. One of the leading goals of education has always been and should remain the formation of the scientific worldview of the younger generation. Today, such research can be based on a solid theoretical and empirical scientific basis, laid by representatives of various sciences. In the domestic years, the study of the problem of the formation of the Marxist worldview was the central theme of philosophy, socio-political sciences and, of course, psychology and pedagogy. Analyzing the essence of the concept of "worldview", researchers note that the scientific worldview embodies the achievements of world civilization, equips the individual with a scientific picture of the world as a systematic reflection of the most important aspects of life and thinking, nature and society. Considering the scientific worldview as a way of understanding and evaluating the existing reality, scientists emphasize that the worldview is a connection between different knowledge, ideas, concepts, which form a certain scientific picture of the world. The analysis of the basic psychological approaches has shown that the world outlook is activity on realization of external and internal social orientation. Internal way of orientation - the use of reflection for the subordination of motives and activities, the hierarchy of values, beliefs, the formation of personal meaning for the assimilated social norms and values. External way of orientation - building a model of interaction with the outside world, with other people, as well as the choice of behavior.
Genesis of STEM-education concepts and ideas in Ukraine and abroad: historical aspect

The article highlights the historical aspect of the development of STEM education, the genesis of the concept and ideas of STEM education in Ukraine and abroad. Based on the analysis of the works of Ukrainian and foreign researchers, it is determined that the concept of «STEM-education» is characterized by ambiguity of interpretations and is interpreted in scientific and educational practice as «approach», «education», «teaching method», «direction», «methodology», «technology», etc. As a result of the analysis of different approaches to the definition of STEM, it was generalized that the implementation of STEM-approach in the educational process is through the integration of content and methodology of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, logic and more. Based on the systematization of scientific works on the problem of research and generalization of the views of domestic scientists, it was found that STEM education in Ukraine and around the world is of great interest to scientists. We traced the historical path from the founding of the organization «Initiative Science» (USA), which gave impetus to the development of our STEM-education process, to the introduction of STEM-education elements in the modern process of educational institutions in Ukraine. problems. We found that the world’s leading countries are actively involved in involving educational institutions at various levels and enterprises in the integration of STEM in education and science and, in the future, the employment of STEM specialists in all areas of the labor market. It was found that the history of STEM education in Ukraine dates back to 2015 and during the period of formation was regulated by a number of government documents. Today’s Ukrainian education has gone through certain stages of introducing STEM elements into the educational process of educational institutions of various levels, but this process is not as large-scale and comprehensive as, for example, in the United States or other foreign countries. Thus, global trends confirm the relevance and necessity of STEM development in Ukraine.
Implementation of the principle of diversity in the process of professional training of future specialists

The article is devoted to the study of one of the resources of improving the professional activity of a teacher – the direction of the process of increasing his ability to provide educational services. It has been proved that by forming the personality of a competitive teacher as a «person of culture», it is important at the stage of his university education to direct pedagogical efforts towards enriching his general culture and spirituality – an immense source of full-fledged ability to carry out professional activity in accordance with the parameters of the culture of provision educational services and communicative competence.
Independent work as a means of forming professional competences of future bachelors of special education

One of the main tasks of vocational education is the preparation of a qualified employee of the appropriate level and profile, competitive on the labor market, competent, responsible, master of his profession, ready for constant professional growth, social and professional mobility. The views of scientists on the essence, structure, content and peculiarities of the professional activity of the future bachelor of special education are outlined. The article analyzes the concept of «student independent work» (SIW). Emphasis is placed on the component composition and variety, the significance of SIW as a didactic means of intensification of learning, development of independent creative activity of bachelors of special education is substantiated. Independent work of students is considered as a higher form of manifestation of the main principles of pedagogy - the activity and consciousness of bachelors of special education, which are the basis of the professional adaptation of future specialists in the perspective of the competence educational paradigm of the SIW is understood as a resource, the involvement of which readiness for professional activity in the educational process of a higher education institution promotes formation of personal development and productive participation in society. The formation of special education bachelors of the main components of professional thinking, which ensure professional mobility, competitiveness and social security, is facilitated by an increase in the share of intensive independent work in the total volume of the educational load and its individualization. The principles of organizing the independent work of students who acquire the ability to full-fledged personal and professional realization in the activities of a speech therapist in the conditions of the bachelor’s degree are outlined. The special organization of independent work contributed to the formation of professionally significant qualities of the bachelor. Independent work on the formation of professional qualities made it possible to teach students to set educational goals, choose optimal ways and achieve them. Work in a team. Helped to increase motivation to study.
Introducing the newest technologies into the educational process in the teaching of chemistry and biology in educational institutions

At the present stage of development, more and more attention is being paid to the introduction and use of innovative pedagogical technologies in the educational process of educational institutions. In this case, the reform of the education system implies its openness and variability, the diversity of forms and methods of organizing learning activities, i.e. differentiation of education. It should be noted that different countries around the world pay close attention to improving the system of science education, including chemistry education.The article highlights the problem of implementing project activities in the educational process, their status and analysis of implementation.In order to study the status of the organisation of project activities in school practice, a survey was conducted among teachers and educationalists, and in order to obtain results on the effectiveness of the proposed method (project method), regular biology lessons without project activities and lessons where the project method was used were conducted. Also, among the methods and technologies for enhancing the learning and cognitive activities of education applicants, the author has paid attention to the method of informal discussion. The article highlights not only the benefits of the latest teaching methods, but also some of the problems in introducing project activities in biology lessons.
Introduction of innovative technologies in the system of professional training of future psychologists

The article highlights the problem of innovative approaches in the training of future psychologists in higher education. The importance of innovative pedagogical technologies in the system of professional training of future psychologists in higher education, as well as their role as a means of optimizing professional psychological education is considered. The basic concepts of the terminological apparatus of pedagogical innovation are analyzed. The study proposes a list of innovative educational technologies that should be used in the system of professional training of psychologists to increase the effectiveness of their professional education: personality-oriented, developmental, research, module-developmental, distance, project, group, differentiated learning. The content and levels of innovative transformations in the educational process of higher school such as educational, pedagogical, psychological are specified. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the implementation of innovative processes at all levels of professional training of freelance students should be systemic in nature and built taking into account the realities of the changing world and the requirements of the workplace. The realization of innovative intellectual potential is the leading goal of higher education at the present stage. It is proved that innovative activity is a complex psychological and pedagogical problem, which is based on the program of psychological and pedagogical training and psychological support of the formation of psychological readiness for innovative activities of future professionals. The application of innovative educational technologies in the educational environment of higher education will help to optimize the process of formation of key competencies in future psychologists and increase the effectiveness of professional training in particular. In the context of our study, it is important to determine the criteria for the readiness of the future psychologist for innovative professional activities, which is the prospect of further research.
Information and communication technologies in labor training of primary and senior school students: problems of practical application

Analysis of the content of the problem of practical application of information and communication technologies in the training of primary and secondary school students conducted in the publication, provides opportunities to state that it has become the subject of many scientific and pedagogical studies. The emergence and active development of computer technology and related programs of its operation, the information revolution have led to the objective need to use the whole arsenal of powerful technical means in the training of students. The active use of ICT in labor education was carried out in parallel with the introduction of the school curriculum of computer science in the curriculum, in the practice of teaching other school subjects, as well as the training of future teachers in higher educational institutions of Ukraine. Computer technology has proved to be a convenient tool for overcoming the contradictions between public demands for teaching a school course of labor training and the real state of its logistics. The urgency of the implementation of tasks for the active introduction of ICT in the labor training of primary and secondary school students has led to the study of this problem in some dissertation research. However, the narrowness of the subject of these candidate-level studies, the focus of its authors only on certain aspects of the introduction of ICT in the educational process and did not allow to create a holistic pedagogical product, no doubt so needed by the school. In fact, the dissertation products themselves were intended only for certain classes, certain fragments of labor training of students, which does not allow to approach their practical use on the basis of the didactic principle of continuity. The real lack of graphic training of primary and secondary school students, inadequate elimination of the traditional course of drawing from the practice of educational institutions, prompted scientists to use computer graphics in this process, which is a way out of this difficult situation. The publication states that the active introduction of ICT in the labor training of primary and secondary school students in Ukraine is carried out by combining traditional methods of teaching and invading this process of computer equipment, media of various information. Therefore, the use of ICT is reflected in the graphic training of students, demonstrations, simulation, modeling and design, use of information databases, organization of independent work and evaluation and diagnosis of student achievement. At the same time, there are still no comprehensive scientific studies on the use of ICT in labor education as a holistic and logically complete didactic system, due to the goals and objectives of the modern educational process.
Features of teaching the discipline «Musical art» in secondary school in distance format

The article presents the material that in connection with the high rates of computerization of everyday and professional life of a person, there is a real need to use digital technologies as tools for achieving specific goals, solving various tasks, conducting experiments, modeling situations, forecasting; in modern conditions, the need to introduce information and digital technologies in the education process is indisputable. It has been proven that there is currently a tendency to continue the active introduction of information technologies into the educational process. The use of electronic information technologies in educational classes is in demand, as they allow classes to be conducted interestingly and efficiently. The article reflects the author’s position regarding the effectiveness of distance learning in musical art classes during the educational process in institutions of general secondary education. The rapid development of distance learning in education, in particular in the teaching of musical art in the universities of the world and the country, is characterized. It has been proven that the remote form of education, in particular the model of mixed education, makes it possible to create systems of continuous education and general exchange of information. The article examines the advantages of teaching methods based on remote technologies in professional musical and pedagogical education in institutions of general secondary education. A comparison of distance education with classical methods of face-to-face and correspondence education is made.The article also examines the issue in the context of the development of the professional activity of future music teachers in distance learning: how and in what way to adapt the educational program to the new modern educational environment with the use of information and communication technologies. The main key competencies of music teachers in institutions of general secondary education organized by distance learning are characterized. The author draws attention to the need to purposefully and systematically form relevant competencies in the context of distance learning of future music teachers.
Innovative go to the design subject area «Technologies» in the context of STEAM-learning

The article considers the problems of an innovative approach to the design of modern content of the subject area «Technology» in the context of STEAM education. The relevance of this problem is confirmed by the latest technological revolution, which changes the priorities of education and gives birth to new models. The basis for building these models are the following innovative processes: digitalization of education, personalization of learning, project-based learning, integration of formal and informal types of education, creation of creative spaces for joint education seekers with representatives of the real sector of the economy and industry, creation of inter-university platforms (university hubs) in the form of scientific – educational centers. Conducted analysis The analysis of the works of domestic and foreign pedagogical literature in the aspect of the investigated problem shows that: in the methodical system of teaching «Technologies» it is advisable to use the didactic principle of integration of natural-scientific, scientific-technical, technological, entrepreneurial and humanitarian knowledge; implementation of a methodical system in the «Technology» learning process, which should include components of STEAM education; the content of the subject area «Technologies» is studied as modules; teaching methods and methods make up a system of innovative approaches to the design of the modern content of the subject area «Technology» in the context of STEAM education, the integration of knowledge in the process of teaching «Technology» forms the educational competencies of students based on the implementation of elements of STEAM education. It is noted that STEAM education is based on a system-activity approach, independent research work of students, prescribed in the state standard of education. Emphasis is placed on the STEAM approach, which preserves the orientation of project activities, practical orientation and interdisciplinarity, but changes the arrangement of key disciplines. At the level of curriculum formation, for example, in general secondary education institutions, STEAM involves the inclusion of not only engineering and natural science STEM subjects, but also humanitarian and creative disciplines: literature, design, architecture, music, fine arts. It has been proven that during STEAM education, children apply knowledge from various fields: mathematics and other exact sciences, engineering, design, use digital devices and technologies.
Data Augmentation Techniques Evaluation on Ultrasound Images for Breast Tumor Segmentation Tasks

A periodic health check with physical examination and assessment of the current health status is among the best approaches to protect your health. Through that, we can know if we have any health problems and promptly offer a treatment plan if the problems are detected. In most cases, early diagnosis and disease detection are very important, especially for cancer. Breast cancer is serious and also a very common disease in women. However, if the disease is detected early, the chance of a cure is very high. Deep learning-based segmentation methods have been introduced to detect Breast cancer tumors, but we are facing challenges in the limitations of data. Although some data augmentation approaches have been presented, the number of augmented samples should be further considered. This work has examined the efficiency of data augmentation techniques by Brightness and Rotation with various ratios of increased samples on ultrasound images. Data augmentation improves the performance using U-NET to perform segmentation tasks for breast cancer diagnosis. The experimental results show that the rotation technique can increase the average performance in the training and test phases.
Shistdesiatnyky’s epistolary as a format of literarycritical thinking in the conditions of endangered culture

The article highlights epistolary (among the variety of sixties movement artistic and documentary prose genres) as a phenomenon that most clearly represents the literary-critical activity of the generation in the conditions of endangered culture. The letters of the representatives of this generation are considered as one of the sources of the history of literary criticism. The study testifies the professional ability of the sixties movement to form independent assessment of the work of the recognized or prohibited by official science writers, even if it clearly differed from the generally accepted one.