Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Digital Literacy in Mathematics Education: Transformative Praxis in Nepal

This study was carried out to sightsee amidst digital literacy together with transformative praxis of undergraduate teachers and the existing situation of the digital divide in Nepal. The entire research process of the study was guided by the post-positivism paradigm followed by survey design. This was a cross-sectional survey of school teachers were chosen as a sample by using the purposive sampling method within 183 participants. Document analysis and SPSS v.23 was used for multivariate data analysis that reaping intensive information regarding the current situation of Information Communication Technology (ICT) literacy in the context of Nepal.The results of the study reveal that there is a substantial issue of the digital divide and fear of digital dictatorship among the teachers to continue their job for the long run and compete in the twenty-first century. However, teachers are doing their job with utmost efficiency even with the lack of knowledge of digital technology.
An Overview of Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is a model for giving ondemand internet access to common pools of configurable computer assets (e.g., networks, computers, memory, apps, and applications) that might be instantly given and released with minimum administrative effort or participation from service providers. Clouds computer has risen to prominence as a key technical trend, with several experts anticipating that it would transform IT processes and the IT sector. Users may download software, storage, and software frameworks through the Internet using a variety of devices, including PCs, notebooks, cell phones, and PDAs, thanks to cloud services supplied by clouds computer companies. This article provides an introduction of clouds computer technologies installation techniques, classifications, and characteristics. The term "cloud computing" refers to a type of computer and communications technology that provides on-demand services. There is no precise meaning for the word Cloud Computing.
Face Recognition with CNN and Inception Deep Learning Models

In this work, deep learning methods are used to classify the facial images. ORL Database is used for the purpose of training the models and for testing. Three kinds of models are developed and their performances are measured. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Convolutional Neural Network Based Inception Model with single training image per class (CNN-INC) and Convolutional Neural Network Based Inception Model with several training images per class (CNN-INC-MEAN) are developed. The ORL database has ten facial images for each person. Five images are used for training purpose and remaining 5 images are used for testing. The five images for the training are chosen randomly so that two sets of training and testing data is generated. The models are trained and tested on the two sets that are drawn from the same population. The results are presented for accuracy of face recognition.
DEVELOPMENT OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY FOR EFFECTIVE INTERACTION OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND STATE

The prospects of development civil society and the rule of law in EU and Ukraine are based on the thesis of "autonomous person".Free economic entity -endowed with economic rights and freedoms, including the right of private property, the right to choose forms and types of employment and business activity.Blockchain technology is quite promising for civil society growth, considering that it can be applied to any transaction between any participant globally without intermediaries and partnerships.Author determines the main reasons for the need for legal regulation of crypto currency and analyses the financial and legal regulation of electronic money and cryptocurrency in EU, USA and Ukraine.This made possible to analyze development of blockchain technology and to formulate benefits of its application for effective interaction of civil society and state.The application of the historical legal method allowed studying the genesis of scientific research of cryptocurrency and development of relevant legislation in EU, USA and Ukraine.Using the formal-logical method contributed to determine the main reasons for the need of cryptocurrency`s legal regulation.In the process of an analytical review of the financial and legal regulation of the circulation of electronic money and cryptocurrency in USA, UK and Ukraine a comparative method was used, which made possible to formulate benefits of blockchain technology.
Re-Engineering of A Virtual Igbo Keyboard In Standard Orthography Using Android Software Development Tool Kit

Localizing on-screen keyboard for communication in Igbo Language has brought about the existence of various Igbo keyboard on Android Operating System Platforms.Thus, the development of an Igbo Keyboard in Standard Orthography for Android mobile devices called AmandaX, which incorporates both the English Alphabet in QWERTY layout and the full Igbo alphabets in WERTY layout displayed in two different interfaces.This thesis made use of the ASCII (American standard code for information interchange) and Unicode Character sets to represent the development of the Igbo alphabets.It is hosted using the Android software development tool kit.Programming tools employed are Android Studio, Android software Development Kit, Android Virtual Device Manager (AVD), Eclipse Integrated Development Environment, Java Development Kit (JDK), and Adobe XD and Photoshop for the graphics.The result gives a user-friendly virtual keyboard which encompasses all the Igbo alphabets, their accents, and the diagraph consonants.One of the key benefits of AmandaX include masking passwords by allowing the user to use these Igbo accent characters for strong password creation.Also, individuals can now write quickly and communicate freely using this AmandaX.
Designing disruption for social touch, in public spaces of merging realities: a multi-sensory model

Can a multi-sensory model of disruption be designed for shared social touch in public space of merging realities? This paper presents a multi-sensory model for disruption design for shared social touch experience in public space of merging realities. This model is based on analysis of three different artistic orchestrations performed in the public space across the world. In these orchestrations participants' intimate and sensorial experience of social touch is purposefully disrupted and re-orchestrated. These orchestrations are designed to enable participants to feel, see, hear and share a disrupted touch experience, in the social context of the public space. The model provides as frame of reference for designing an experience of shared social touch, for scientists, designers and artists.
Penerapan Alat Permainan Edukatif Bertemakan Keselamatan Lalulintas Untuk Guru TK Karya Bunda Kec.Bandar Seikijang

Kindergarten located in Bandar Seikijang District which is on the edge of the eastern causeway which is an accident-prone road. In addition, there is no curriculum related to traffic safety in the learning process. In overcoming partner problems, the service team provides solutions to partners in the form of assistance in making traffic safety educational tools that are applied to the curriculum in schools. The purpose of this activity is to improve the ability of teachers in making traffic safety props so that later the teachers can apply them to kindergarten students in their schools. There are four steps for implementing (1) the preparation stage, (2) the activity stage, (3) the simulation stage, (4) the evaluation stage. From the results obtained, 100% of teachers understand the importance of safety for their students. This activity provides benefits to hone the skills of teachers in the teaching and learning process by applying this educational game tool
Classification of Routing Protocols Based on Routing Metrics in Cognitive Radio AD HOC Networks

Cognitive radio ad hoc networks are opportunistic networks, which utilize licensed spectrum. The spectrum assigning authority has divided the spectrum in to two regions: licensed and unlicensed. The unlicensed bands are clogged while licensed bands are underutilized. So unlicensed traffic needs to be shifted to unused licensed portion of the spectrum. Henceforth, Cognitive Radio Networks are proposed. These networks were having an infrastructure just like base station in cellular network. Cognitive radio ad hoc network are special wireless ad hoc networks having cognitive capability. In these networks, devices are able to adapt according to the environment. These devices are designed to operate in different frequency ranges. Routing data in this kind of network is a bit challenging due to its different nature. This paper discusses these challenges in detail. Later a detailed discussion is presented on the existing approaches used to handle these challenges. A clear &amp; concise analysis of every approaches is preformed which leads to identification of merits &amp; demerits of each of these approach. Lastly, identification of various routing metrics which need to be considered while designing a new routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks has been made.
COPYRIGHT AND CREATIVE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) SYSTEMS: A TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY APPROACH TO AUTHORSHIP OF Al-GENERATED WORKS IN THE UNITED STATES

Complex Artificial Intelligence ("AI")-systems can generate original works as if they were human, yet with little or no human intervention. Nonetheless, the development of case law concerning copyright has implicitly centered on human creativity and originality, two qualities that a work must embody to be eligible for protection.' Moreover, copyright law has adapted over time, as technological innovations have confronted legislators and courts with new challenges in conception and application. Harmonizing the human role in copyright and technological innovations is therefore of the utmost importance if the United States' constitutional principle of furthering science is to be maintained. The difference between human creativity and computationalcreativity is the first and most crucial question that needs to be answered. This is because many Al processes are currently being employed to mimic human capacities. The state of the art in Al should be clarified to demonstrate the role that humans play in creative machines and the creative output of machines. Whether, as a matter of empirical fact, Al-systems are capable of all the creative capacities that humans possess is directly related to the following question: who is the author of Al-generated works? In other words, to whom are economic rights in authorship to be transferred to and who has standing before a court in the case of infringement issues and the like? This note is divided into five sections. The first section provides a brief definition, preliminary history, and summary of the latest developments of Al technology. This is followed by an in-depth investigation into the copyrightability of Al-generated works in the second section. Importantly, the second section will trace the locus of difference between human creativity and computational creativity and propose policy changes in the application of the notion of the originality which serves as a requisite for the allocation of authorship for copyright purposes. The third section will explore reasons to accept Al-generated works as copyrightable based on utilitarian grounds. Having thus established the grounds of copyright protection eligibility for Algenerated works, the fourth section will determine how authorship of these works is best attributed or recognized through a comprehensive analysis of the merits of seven plausible options: (i) the Al system itself as author; (ii) the programmer as author; (iii) the trainer as author; (iv) the user as author; (v) joint authorship; (vi) public domain or; (vii) the data proprietor. The final section proposes a solution to who should be accepted as the author of Al-generated works that better serves constitutional purposes and balances the many interests that are likely to arise between the various actors who develop creative machines or who lawfully obtain such machines.
A Survey on Dragonfly Algorithm and its Applications in Engineering

&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dragonfly algorithm developed in 2016. It is one of the algorithms used by the researchers to optimize an extensive series of uses and applications in various areas. At times, it offers superior performance compared to the most well-known optimization techniques. However, this algorithm faces several difficulties when it is utilized to enhance complex optimization problems. This work addressed the robustness of the method to solve real-world optimization issues, and its deficiency to improve complex optimization problems. This review paper shows a comprehensive investigation of the dragonfly algorithm in the engineering area. First, an overview of the algorithm is discussed. Besides, we also examine the modifications of the algorithm. The merged forms of this algorithm with different techniques and the modifications that have been done to make the algorithm perform better are addressed. Additionally, a survey on applications in the engineering area that used the dragonfly algorithm is offered. A comparison is made between the algorithm and other metaheuristic techniques to show its ability to enhance various problems. The outcomes of the algorithm from the works that utilized the dragonfly algorithm previously and the outcomes of the benchmark test functions proved that in comparison with some techniques, the dragonfly algorithm owns an excellent performance, especially for small to intermediate applications. Moreover, the congestion facts of the technique and some future works are presented. The authors conducted this research to help other researchers who want to study the algorithm and utilize it to optimize engineering problems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
A Transparent Blockchain for Tracking Police Complaints

Blockchain technology is one the emerging technology today. Using blockchain the primary goal that is achieved is security. Along with security many other aspects can be achieved using blockchain. Blockchain is nothing but a chain of blocks which are connected by hashing. We can see that every new technology has become a part of our life. This technology is proving to be helpful in all the fields like education, agriculture, business, government and many more. We can also understand how beneficial it is, as it saves the time, money and human power. But this never-ending technology is lacking to provide security. The Indian Police Department has replaced the manual system with the centralized online process to register the complaint. There are many malpractices in resolution of complaints. So, to avoid them a system is proposed which helps complainer to track the complaint, get ongoing details, and enforce police officers to solve the complaints within stipulated time to avoid unnecessary delay. The main objective of this system is to provide a method to secure the FIR system using blockchain technology. The principal components of blockchain technology viz. security, transparency, decentralization, immutability prove to be helpful for securing this digitalized process. The system uses transparency of blockchain technology as the user can track the complaint at any time. The system uses hashing to provide immutability so that no one can tamper the data entered by the complainer. Smart contracts are used to avoid delay in solving the case. This will avoid malpractices and provide satisfiable results.
Using Image Media on Reading Text to Improve Reading Comprehension of Student with Intellectual Disabilities

This study aims to improve students' ability in reading comprehension. One of the media that can be used for learning is image media. Image media is a visual medium that can increase the level of communication more concretely. These images also play a role in understanding the text they read. The method used is classroom action research which is a descriptive research method with a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study consisted of 2 intellectual disabilities students in class X senior high school at Special Needs School Aditya Grahita Bandung. The results showed that the use of image media in the reading comprehension of intellectual disabilities. This is indicated by the increasing ability of students to answer questions concerning the text that is read even though the answers are not exactly the same as the text. In the learning, this study was carried out by the teacher, especially in learning Indonesian, students have increased in understanding the reading text. The use of image media in each reading text can improve reading comprehension for students with intellectual disabilities. Research is useful for students in understanding a reading that can be used as a reference for teachers in the learning process.
New Axioms and Laws

This report contains 2 new axioms and 8 laws. It predicts to include except the Electromagnetic Field and other unknown and unexplored fields, for example the Gravity Field. As it is well known the Classic Field Theory is described mostly by Theory of Electromagnetic Field. The Electromagnetic Field is described by Maxwell’s laws (1864). The Maxwell’s laws are certified by a single axiom which claims that the movement of a vector E in a closed loop (div rot E = 0) is evenly. The author replaces this axiom with a new one, according to which the movement of a vector E in an open loop (div rot E ≠ 0) or an open vortex (div Vor E ≠ 0) is unevenly. If the vortex is in plane (2D), it is named a cross vortex. If the vortex is in volume (3D), it is named a longitudinal vortex. Something more- each vortex can be decelerating (div (VorE) &lt;0) or accelerating (div (VorE)&gt; 0). After the first axiom are obtained immediately 4 types of movements – cross vortex, which can be accelerating or decelerating and longitudinal vortex, which can also be accelerating or decelerating. The following results are obtained : evenly movement is replaced with unevenly movement (decelerating or accelerating); movement in a closed loop is replaced with movement in an open loop or vortex ; a cross vortex in 2D generates a longitudinal vortex in 3D through a special transformation and vice versa- the longitudinal vortex in 3D through another special transformation generates a cross vortex in 2D ; the decelerating vortex emits primary vortices to environment, but the accelerating vortex sucks into the same primary vortices from environment; the accelerating longitudinal vortices are attracted to one another, as the faster vortex is inserted into the slower and thus form a funnel, which is the model of gravity funnel. It should be noted, in particular, the results of the second axiom. It claims that two complex (cross-longitudinal) vortex objects in 3D that work in one direction as one complementary pair, are existed simultaneously. This way they are obtained 2 pairs of complementary objects in both directions. As a final result are received many models with similar shapes and content. For example, the pair in one direction of complex complementary vortex objects is a model of the electron-proton chain, and in the opposite direction is an antiproton-positron chain model.
Deep Learning for Emotion Recognition in Affective Virtual Reality and Music Applications

This paper presents a deep learning approach to emotion recognition as applied to virtual reality and music predictive analytics. Firstly, it investigates the deep parameter tuning of the multi-hidden layer neural networks, which are also commonly referred to simply as deep networks that are used to conduct emotion detection in virtual reality (VR)- electroencephalography (EEG) predictive analytics. Deep networks have been studied extensively over the last decade and have shown to be among the most accurate methods for predictive analytics in image recognition and speech processing domains. However, most predictive analytics deep network studies focus on the shallow parameter tuning when attempting to boost prediction accuracies, which includes deep network tuning parameters such as number of hidden layers, number of hidden nodes per hidden layer and the types of activation functions used in the hidden nodes. Much less effort has been put into investigating the tuning of deep parameters such as input dropout ratios, L1 (lasso) regularization and L2 (ridge regularization) parameters of the deep networks. As such, the goal of this study is to perform a parameter tuning investigation on these deep parameters of the deep networks for predicting emotions in a virtual reality environment using electroencephalography (EEG) signal obtained when the user is exposed to immersive content. The results show that deep tuning of deep networks in VR-EEG can improve the accuracies of predicting emotions. The best emotion prediction accuracy was improved to over 96% after deep tuning was conducted on the deep network parameters of input dropout ratio, L1 and L2 regularization parameters. Secondly, it investigates a similar possible approach when applied to 4-quadrant music emotion recognition. Recent studies have been characterizing music based on music genres and various classification techniques have been used to achieve the best accuracy rate. Several researches on deep learning have shown outstanding results in relation to dimensional music emotion recognition. Yet, there is no concrete and concise description to express music. In regards to this research gap, a research using more detailed metadata on twodimensional emotion annotations based on the Russell’s model is conducted. Rather than applying music genres or lyrics into machine learning algorithm to MER, higher representation of music information, acoustic features are used. In conjunction with the four classes classification problem, an available dataset named AMG1608 is feed into a training model built from deep neural network. The dataset is first preprocessed to get full access of variables before any machine learning is done. The classification rate is then collected by running the scripts in R environment. The preliminary result showed a classification rate of 46.0%.
Research and Development of an Augmented Reality Visual Image-Guided Radiotherapy Positioning Technology

Abstract Objective: This study is conducted to explore the development of a noninvasive and nonradiative guided radiotherapy positioning system based on augmented reality (AR) technology to increase positioning accuracy and completely eradicate positioning errors. Method: The development system includes three monitors and supporting equipment. The 3D virtual model is obtained by 3D reconstruction of the radiotherapy plan data set and is superimposed on the correct treatment position of the real treatment environment by using augmented reality production software. This approach provides the standard for the patient's positioning and guides the patient. The position of the patient then coincides with the 3D virtual model through the visual image method, and positioning error of the radiotherapy position is reduced. Results: A total of nine cases are included in this study, namely, three patients who require head and neck radiotherapy and six patients who require chest and abdomen radiotherapy. According to experimental results, no statistical difference exists between AR-guided positioning and manual positioning for patients requiring head and neck radiotherapy. However, AR-guided positioning can keep errors of x-axis, y-axis and z-axis within small ranges, such as -0.092–0.072, -0.052–0.228, and -0.192–0.05 cm, respectively. For patients requiring chest and abdomen radiotherapy, AR-guided positioning is not statistically different from manual positioning on the x-axis, but statistical differences were found on the y-axis and z-axis. The errors of AR-guided positioning on y-axis and z-axis are much smaller than those of manual positioning. Conclusions: The AR visual image guided radiotherapy set-up system can increase radiotherapy positioning accuracy well, especially for patients requiring chest and abdomen radiotherapy.