Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Automatic Repair of Code Defects in the Svace System

The main task described in this article is automatic fixing defects in C/C++ code found by a static analyzer on big software projects. We describe how we solved this task for Svace static analyzer and discuss main principles of automatic fixing defects of various types. We pay special attention to fixing null pointer dereference since it is the most important and sophisticated defect type among those we’ve supported. Statistics on fixes proposed for defects of this type is also provided. We discuss common limitations and other specificity of our task and explain why we cannot use existing automatic fixing tools for solving it. At the end we outline further steps of development of our tool.
Copies: Composition, Structure, Analytical Markup

The article gives grounds for marking up machine-readable transcriptions of medieval Slavic manuscripts, which serve as textual material for the historical corpora, the excerpts are viewed as possessing valuable codicological or textological characteristics. Composition analysis of four manuscripts from the Slavonic Parimejnik (12 th – 14 th cc.) and modeling their structure with application of generally accepted tools of linguistic analysis have enabled solving the following tasks: analytical units identification, text format elaboration and search process algorithmization based on the natural language units characteristics. A suggested format of lectionaries description includes data on the section (sub-section) of the liturgical year, the number of the lectionary in this section, textual composition in relation to the texts of the Bible, the topic. The format of dates, days and time of lectionaries reading throughout the year includes data on the section (sub-section), the date of the fixed calendar or the week and the day within the section (sub-section) of the nonfixed calendar, the time of the church service, the event to which the service is devoted. The markup of the Parimejnik texts included indication of the excerpts boundaries and determination of their relations with the dictionary unitwith the aim to ensure the parallel corpus of four Slavic manuscripts of the Parimejnik with ranging the corresponding excerpts at the level of the lectionaries and Bible verses within the corpus "Manuscript" (manuscripts.ru).
Age-related differences in processing speed in children can be explained by heterochronicity of human brain development

Introduction Age-related differences in the processing speed have been observed in a great variety of tasks. In spite of the great amount of researches in this area, we know relatively little about the nature of this developmental tendency. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess whether age-related differences in reaction time (RT) can be explained satisfactorily in terms of a global age-related differences in processing speed alone. Methods The sample consisted of 48 4-year-olds, 50 5-year-olds, 46 6-year-olds children, and 35 adults. To investigate processing speed in children and adults we used the test battery consisted of three types of RT tasks: simple, discrimination, and choice. Results We have revealed clear age-related differences in processing speed not only between children and adults but also between three age groups of children. However, using transformation method proposed by Madden et al. (2001) and Ridderinkhoff &amp; van der Molen (1997) we have revealed that there are not only global age-related differences but also process-specific age-related differences in processing speed. Among children, age-related differences larger than predicted by the global difference hypothesis were evident when tasks required spatial orientation discrimination and stimulus–response rule complexity, but not for response suppression or reversal of stimulus–response contingencies. Conclusions It can be assumed that the observed process-specific, age-related differences in processing speed generally can be explained by the principle of heterochronicity of human brain development (Casey et al., 2005).
Pengembangan Praktikum Kimia Dasar berbasis Video pada Materi Sistem Periodik Unsur

Technological developments change the researchers and educators thinking towards online learning. Various innovations were carried out to support effective online learning which suitable with the student competencies. As there is urgency for carrying practicum activities to achieved Course Learning Achievement (Capaian Pembelajaran Mata Kuliah (CPMK)) for the basic chemistry subject, there is need to make some innovation, which is by making practicum video. It could stimulate students critical thinking because it was presented with visual representations. It could overcome the limitations of space and time and could be used repeatedly. The research type was Research and Development with the Borg and Gall development model. The final product will be disseminated through YouTube platform which is integrated with sipda.unimed.ac.id. Validation results in media design and material aspect showed that the product was declared very valid with an average value of 86.87 percent and 97.92 percent, respectively. Meanwhile, the responses from 30 students showed that the product was very practical with an average score of more than 90 percent and was suitable with learning objectives of the basic chemistry course especially the periodic system of elements.
Speech portrait of a group communicator in WhatsApp messenger

This article attempts to describe a speech portrait of a participant in a group communication in the WhatsApp messenger. It gives a detailed description of the active communicant from the perspective of three levels: verbal-semantic, linguo-cognitive and the system of communicative roles, motives, goals that guide a person in the communication process.
Learning Static-Adaptive Graphs for RGB-T Image Saliency Detection

Many works have been proposed on image saliency detection to handle challenging issues including low illumination, cluttered background, low contrast, and so on. Although good performance has been achieved by these algorithms, detection results are still poor based on RGB modality. Inspired by the recent progress of multi-modality fusion, we propose a novel RGB-thermal saliency detection algorithm through learning static-adaptive graphs. Specifically, we first extract superpixels from the two modalities and calculate their affinity matrix. Then, we learn the affinity matrix dynamically and construct a static-adaptive graph. Finally, the saliency maps can be obtained by a two-stage ranking algorithm. Our method is evaluated on RGBT-Saliency Dataset with eleven kinds of challenging subsets. Experimental results show that the proposed method has better generalization performance. The complementary benefits of RGB and thermal images and the more robust feature expression of learning static-adaptive graphs create an effective way to improve the detection effectiveness of image saliency in complex scenes.
SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN ASET BERBASIS WEB DI UNIVERSITAS TEKNLOGI SUMBAWA

Sumbawa University of Technology is one of the universities in West Nusa Tenggara which is located in the village of Pernek, Moyohilir District, Sumbawa Regency. Sumbawa University of Technology owns a building, and has many assets that have not been digitized and asset management is still done by filling in data in Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel, data entered such as asset procurement, asset location, asset data written off, and asset data that has experienced depreciation. all felt less effective and efficient. So we need a system that accommodates all of these needs. This study uses a qualitative approach and the software development method used is the System Development Life Circle (SDLC) spiral model and the black-box test method. The process of modeling and designing the system is done by object using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). The conclusion of this research is to produce a Web-Based Asset Management Information System at the Sumbawa Technology University which is able to facilitate the management of Sumbawa Technology University's assets to be more effective and efficient
In defence of deep modelling

© 2015 Elsevier B.V. Context Since multi-level modelling emerged as a strategy for leveraging classification levels in conceptual models, there have been discussions about what it entails and how best to support it. Recently, some authors have claimed that the deep modelling approach to multi-level modelling entails paradoxes and significant weaknesses. By drawing upon concepts from speech act theory and foundational ontologies these authors argue that hitherto accepted principles for deep modelling should be abandoned and an alternative approach be adopted instead (Eriksson et al., 2013). Objective We investigate the validity of these claims and motivate the need to shift the focus of the debate from philosophical arguments to modelling pragmatics. Method We present each of the main objections raised against deep modelling in turn, classify them according to the kinds of arguments put forward, and analyse the cogency of the supporting justification. We furthermore analyse the counter proposal regarding its pragmatic value for modellers. Results Most of the criticisms against deep modelling are based on mismatches between the premisses used in published definitions of deep modelling and those used by the authors as the basis of their challenges. Hence, most of the criticisms levelled at deep modelling do not actually apply to deep modelling as defined in the literature. We also explain how the proposed alternative introduces new problems of its own, and evaluate its merits from a pragmatic modelling perspective. Finally, we show how deep modelling is indeed compatible with, and can be founded on, classic work in linguistics and logic. Conclusions The inappropriate interpretations of the core principles of deep modelling identified in this article indicate that previous descriptions of them have not had sufficient clarity. We therefore provide further clarification and foundational background material to reduce the chance for future misunderstandings and help establish deep modelling as a solid foundation for multi-level modelling.
On diagnostic accuracy measure with cut-points criterion for ordinal disease classification based on concordance and discordance

The accuracy of a diagnostic test has always been essential in detecting disease staging. Many diagnostic tests of accuracy measures are used in binary diagnosis tests. Some measures apply to multi-stage diagnosis. Yet, there are limitations to the implementation, and the performance highly depends on the distribution of diagnostic outcomes. Another essential aspect of medical diagnostic testing using biomarkers is to find an optimal cut-point that categorizes a patient as diseased or healthy. This aspect was extended to the diseases with more than two stages. We propose a diagnostic accuracy measure and optimal cut-points selection (CD), using concordance and discordance for k-stages diseases. The CD measure uses the classification agreement and disagreement between tests outcomes and diseases stages. Simulations for power studies suggest that CD can detect the differences between the null and alternative hypotheses that other methods cannot for some scenarios. Simulation results indicate that using CD measures to select optimal cut-points can provide relatively high correct classification rates than the existing measures and more balanced accurate classification rates than the generalized Youden Index (GYI). An illustration is provided using the ANDI data to choose biomarkers for diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and select optimal cut-points for the chosen biomarkers.
Can You Feel It?

Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) has been widely acknowledged as an effective alternative for in vivo exposure therapy (iVET). So far, previous research focused on long- and short-term effectiveness and comparisons to iVET, whereas the impact of design choices is understudied. Hence, the present study focuses on the effectiveness of several types of anxiety cues for the manipulation of anxiety. More specifically, five interoceptive cues (i.e., “fake” bodily sensations for tunnel vision, light flickering, heartbeat audio, blurred vision, and dizziness) and a physical cue (i.e., heat stimulation) are implemented in the VRET design of a within-subjects experiment with people who have claustrophobic and panic tendencies (N = 24). Results show that adding interoceptive cues significantly increased reported levels of anxiety, independent of the type of interoceptive cue. However, introducing a physical cue in VRET can also be effective but has no real added value when combined. Studies focusing on the design of anxiety cues can be valuable in understanding the effectiveness of VRET.
EDUCATION IN DIGITAL ERA BETWEEN ANALYSIS OF PREDICTABILITY AND CONSOLIDATION OF RESILIANCE

The educational institutions and the entire education system were heavily affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, which forced us to adapt favourably to unfavourable conditions. During the crisis, educational practices were quickly reconfigured, from face-to-face work to the online environment. This has shown that teaching, learning and technology are part of an ecosystem, that of digital education.The aim of this research is to analyse and highlight the benefits and limits of the world's Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) systems and their implementation in Romania, facilitating the internationalization of higher education establishments. The objectives of the article are to investigate the relations between the elements provided by the sample of 67 courses conducted through the Coursera platform, in June 2020, the „Human skills” field. As research methods, the authors used descriptive methods, correlation coefficients, regression analysis and performed statistical tests using the SPSS program. The results of the research responded to the authors' assumptions that there are significant correlations and a certain degree of association between variables. The authors' conclusion is that we need to build together a new education system, based on modern technologies, based on digitalisation, adaptable, correlated with the labour market, that strengthens resilience and is predictable.
Stories of Our Fellow Mathematics Tutors during Covid-19 Pandemic

&lt;p&gt;The tutoring phenomenon has been discussed from multiple angles. Sometimes, math tutors, as part of the tutoring system, are framed as the contributors of shadow education and the parasite of the national educational system. We claim that some math tutors are financially vulnerable. Our paper serves to bring new nuances into the complexity of being math tutors during the Covid-19 pandemic time. In doing so, we employed the qualitative study method by elaboratively interviewing five Indonesian mathematics tutors during September 2021. Specifically, this article focused on three aspects related to math tutoring: challenges, adaptations, and success. By listening to their stories, we gained some insights. First, tutors who were struggling the most are the ones who come from a poor background and who work for middle-low-income students. Second, the cost of adapting to the new work environment as math tutors need to upgrade their devices is one of the contributing factors in transitioning from offline tutoring to online tutoring. Third, those who thrived are the ones who are familiar with online tutoring, already have decent devices which are sufficient for heavy online multi-tasking work, and are in the circle of upper-middle-income families. In retrospect, this research not only sheds light on social issues in our educational system but also raised some key practical issues of teaching mathematics online which may affect tutors with various backgrounds differently. All in all, our research is part of our endeavor to fight for math tutors’ welfare.&lt;/p&gt;
THE STUDENTS' LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT AFTER AND WITHOUT STUDYING ENGLISH IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

The Critical Period Hypothesis by Lenneberg (1976) states that ages 2 to 12 are ideal ages for achieving foreign language skills such as a native speaker. Based on this hypothesis, the perfect time for children to learn English as a foreign language is in elementary school. Meanwhile, Indonesian government policy through the 2013 curriculum does not require children in primary schools to learn English. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the English learning achievement of students between those who studied and those who did not study English in elementary school. This research is important to be conducted since it can be a reference for the Indonesian government in developing English language teaching and learning policy in elementary schools. The sample of this research consisted of two groups selected through a purposive sampling technique. They were the groupS of students who studied and who did not study English in elementary school. Data were grouped, presented, and then compared. The results showed that students who studied English in elementary school had better English learning achievement than students who did not study English in elementary school. It is recommended for further related researches to consider many factors those can be influencing the students' English learning achievements such as the English teaching and learning method used by the educators in high school and university, attitudinal factor, and the learning environment.
Processamento Digital de Imagens usando Redes de Petri Coloridas - Estudo de caso com Filtro de Sobel

Digital images are produced by a wide range of devices. They are applied in several areas. Simulations and mathematical modeling are tools that allow the investigation of system designs, helping to identify failures, crashes and instabilities before they occur. Colored Petri Nets are a graphic and mathematical modeling language that allows the construction and analysis of models. The current work presents an implementation of Sobel Filter for sharpening images, through Colored Petri Nets.
The Pictures in Enhancing Students English Learning

Writing is one of the four language learning skills which must be well-educated by the language learners. And it is as the most difficult skill to be executed which comes across by the students of the Vocational School of SMKN 4 Pontianak. The writing obstacles such as they do not know what should be written, what topics to be described, limited vocabularies, incorrectly grammar, and the coherency. Educators are desired to lend a hand the students with their learning complication, especially their writing skill. The Picture-Cued Technique is the practice to be carried out to the workshop of Community Engagement at the Vocational School of SMKN 4, which located on Komodor Yos Soedarso Street, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. The aim of this community engagement workshop to familiarize and to assist the learners of the Vocational School of SMKN 4 Pontianak with the procedure of the Picture-Cued Technique to facilitate their writing hindrances. The students of the Vocational School of SMKN 4, eleventh grade, consisted of 32 students who become the participants in this community engagement study. The outcome of this community engagement is students are familiarized to the Picture-Cued Practice then assist them in overcoming writing hindrances in learning writing competence.
The Interesting Robot: A Reply to Professor Abbott

Journal Article The Interesting Robot: A Reply to Professor Abbott: Comments on The Reasonable Robot: Artificial Intelligence in the Law by Professor Ryan Abbott Get access Ryan Calo Ryan Calo Lane Powell and D. Wayne Gittinger Professor, School of Law, Adjunct Professor, Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering and Information School, University of Washington School of Law. Email: rcalo@uw.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jerusalem Review of Legal Studies, Volume 25, Issue 1, June 2022, Pages 18–23, https://doi.org/10.1093/jrls/jlac001 Published: 28 June 2022
PELATIHAN DASAR PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI MICROSOFT OFFICE DAN PAINT DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 1 UMEANYAR

AbstractThis community service (P2M) activity was carried out purposefully to provides insight into the importance of technology, enhanced basic skills of operating computers, and enhanced skills in using the fundamental computer applications, such as Paint, Microsoft Office Word dan Microsoft Office Power Point for 4th, 5th, 6th grade student from Public Elementary School 1 Umeanyar. This activities was carried out by lectures method and discussion between the student and the speaker, followed by practice using computers to test student understanding about the material that has been presented before. The results ofthis activity are student understanding of the basics computer operation and skills in using fundamental computer applications, including the use of the Microsoft Power Point application to create interactive media products and the use of Microsoft Word to create documents, which are very useful as a provision for preparing themselves for higher education levels. Keywords : Gen A, ideal conditions, training, technology
Futsal Field Selection Application Using Mobile-GIS and GPS with Dijkstra's Algorithm Method (Lhokseumawe City Case Study)

Futsal field rental is a business engaged in the field of community service in the field of futsal sports. Currently in lhokseumawe city there are 10 futsal fields located in various places, ranging from around campus, office areas, to densely populated settlements. This resulted in many of the people who do not know the location of the futsal field and also the nearest route that can be passed. So it takes an application that can provide information on the futsal field in lhokseumawe city along with the nearest route that can be passed. Determining the nearest route passed to the location of the futsal field can only be done on nodes that have been defined by the system. Dijkstra's algorithm was chosen because it operates thoroughly against existing nodes, and generates the shortest trajectory of all nodes so that it will produce the nearest route optimally. To test the accuracy of the nearest route the results of dijkstra algorithm implementation are used another software that is quantum GIS. This is done to see if the resulting path is correct. From the test results obtained the path obtained is the same as quantum GIS calculations with a similarity value of 100%. Black box testing is used to test the functionality of the menus in the system, and the test results in terms of the functionality of the menus on the system run as desired and run well. The system is good to use.
Amplified Piano

The introduction of electronic amplification to the piano, which began as an innocent bluff by a teenage composer living in the Arctic Circle, had a devastating consequence for Tudor’s virtuosity on the keyboard instrument: it dissolved his control of escapement mechanism, opening up instead the world of feedback where a sound once activated could potentially never end. A detailed examination of Tudor’s idiosyncratic realization of John Cage’s <italic>Variations II</italic> in 1962 shows what previous scholars, as well as the composer himself, have failed to see: the specific nature of the amplified piano that was altogether a different instrument from the piano. What the new instrument presented was not simply more complexity and indeterminacy but a specific kind of complexity and indeterminacy which is reflected in how Tudor actually performed the music.