Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Trustworthy Recommender Systems

Recommender systems (RSs) aim at helping users to effectively retrieve items of their interests from a large catalogue. For a quite long time, researchers and practitioners have been focusing on developing accurate RSs. Recent years have witnessed an increasing number of threats to RSs, coming from attacks, system and user generated noise, and various types of biases. As a result, it has become clear that the focus on RS accuracy is too narrow and the research must consider other important factors, and in particular, trustworthiness. A trustworthy RS (TRS) should not only be accurate, but also transparent, unbiased, fair, as well as robust to noise and attacks. These observations actually led to a paradigm shift of the research on RSs: from accuracy-oriented RSs to TRSs. However, there is a lack of a systematic overview and discussion of the literature in this novel and fast developing field of TRSs. To this end, in this paper, we provide an overview of TRSs, including a discussion of the motivation and basic concepts of TRSs, a presentation of the challenges in building TRSs, and a perspective on the future directions in this area. We also provide a novel conceptual framework to support the construction of TRSs.
Deadline-Aware Search Using On-Line Measures of Behavior

In many applications of heuristic search, insufficient time isavailable to find provably optimal solutions. We consider thecontract search problem: finding the best solution possible within agiven time limit. The conventional approach to this problem is to usean interruptible anytime algorithm. Such algorithms return a sequenceof improving solutions until interuppted and do not consider theapproaching deadline during the course of the search. We propose anew approach, Deadline Aware Search, that explicitly takes the deadlineinto account and attempts to use all available time to find a singlehigh-quality solution. This algorithm is simple and fully general: itmodifies best-first search with on-line pruning. Empirical results onvariants of gridworld navigation, the sliding tile puzzle, and dynamicrobot navigation show that our method can surpass the leading anytimealgorithms across a wide variety of deadlines.
Improved Multi-Heuristic A* for Searching with Uncalibrated Heuristics

Recently, several researchers have brought forth the benefits of searching with multiple (and possibly inadmissible) heuristics, arguing how different heuristics could be independently useful in different parts of the state space. However, algorithms that use inadmissible heuristics in the traditional best-first sense, such as the recently developed Multi-Heuristic A* (MHA*), are subject to a crippling calibration problem: they prioritize nodes for expansion by additively combining the cost-to-come and the inadmissible heuristics even if those heuristics have no connection with the cost-to-go (e.g., the heuristics are uncalibrated) . For instance, if the inadmissible heuristic were an order of magnitude greater than the perfect heuristic, an algorithm like MHA* would simply reduce to a weighted A* search with one consistent heuristic. In this work, we introduce a general multi-heuristic search framework that solves the calibration problem and as a result a) facilitates the effective use of multiple uncalibrated inadmissible heuristics, and b) provides significantly better performance than MHA* whenever tighter sub-optimality bounds on solution quality are desired. Experimental evaluations on a complex full-body robotics motion planning problem and large sliding tile puzzles demonstrate the benefits of our framework.
Dimensions of Self-Expression in Facebook Status Updates

We describe the dimensions along which Facebook users tend to express themselves via status updates using the semi-automated text analysis approach, the Meaning Extraction Method (MEM). First, we examined dimensions of self-expression in all status updates from a sample of four million Facebook users from four English-speaking countries (the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia) in order to examine how these countries vary in their self-expressions. All four countries showed a basic three-component structure, indicating that the medium is a stronger influence than country characteristics or demographics on how people use Facebook status updates. In each country, people vary in terms of the extent to which they use Informal Speech, share Positive Events, and discuss School in their Facebook status updates. Together, these factors tell us how users differ in their self-expression, and thus illustrate meaningful use cases for the product: Talking about what’s going on tends to be positive, and people vary in terms of the extent to which their status updates are short, slangy emotional expressions and topics regarding school. The specific words that define these factors showed subtle differences across countries: The use of profanity indicates fewer school words (but only in Australia), whereas the UK shows greater use of slang terms (rather than profanity) when speaking informally. The MEM also identified English-language dialects as a meaningful dimension along which the countries varied. In sum, beyond simply indicating topicality of posts, this study provides insight into how status updates are used for self-expression. We discuss several theoretical frameworks that could produce these results, and more broadly discuss the generation of theoretical frameworks from wholly empirical data (such as naturalistic Internet speech) using the MEM.
A Multi-Path Compilation Approach to Contingent Planning

We describe a new sound and complete method forcompiling contingent planning problems with sensingactions into classical planning. Our method encodesconditional plans within a linear, classicalplan. This allows our planner, MPSR, to reasonabout multiple future outcomes of sensing actions,and makes it less susceptible to dead-ends. MPRS,however, generates very large classical planningproblems. To overcome this, we use an incompletevariant of the method, based on state sampling,within an online replanner. On most currentdomains, MPSR finds plans faster, although itsplans are often longer. But on a new challengingvariant of Wumpus with dead-ends, it finds smallerplans, faster, and scales much better.
PENGETAHUAN DASAR DESAIN TIGA DIMENSI SEBAGAI CARA MAHASISWA DESAIN UNTUK BERPIKIR BENTUK RUANG DAN VOLUME

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Title: Three Dimensional Basic Design Knowledge as Thinking Tools for Understanding the Shape, Space and Volume&#x0D; The consciousness of observing the shape and space of an object, whether large or small, is the sensitivity that becomes a designer of three-dimensional objects. A product form is created with full awareness by the designer, not by itself appearing. In addition to the function of the design object, in a design process there is a styling stage, aesthetic value visually, a form that follows the function or shape that follows the material. Aesthetic value in a design product that can not be separated from the ability of the designer with visual experience. The ability and sensitivity to observe and create an aesthetic visual form should be instilled since someone declares himself to be a designer or planner. Design areas such as architecture, interior, urban design, area and also design product are demanded for their ability to sensitize observing and design a space, volume and shape. This study is based on observations on a group of design students and literature studies. Based on observations over time, the spatial thinking capacity of each person is different, as is the ability to create an aesthetic value in a design. Everyone has different absorbtive power and creativity.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;
HUBUNGAN SIKAP SISWA TERHADAP PERHATIAN ORANG TUA KARIR DENGAN PRESTASI KOGNITIF MEREKA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PAI DI SEKOLAH (Penelitian terhadap Siswa Kelas VII di SMP Karya Budi Bandung)

The purpose of this study was to find out (1) the reality of students' assessment of career parents given to children, (2) the relationship of student tolerance to careers' parents' care given to children with their cognitive appreciation on PAI subjects.This study departs from a hypothesis that states positively towards students towards parents, the better their cognitive achievement on PAI subjects.Quantitative research, descriptive method, which is used to analyze empirical phenomena that occur in the present by describing the results of existing research.The sample was 32 students from Budi Bandung Middle School.The technique collects the data by observing interviews, questionnaires, tests.The analysis process is carried out partially and correlatively.The results showed that students 'attitudes towards careers' parents 'attention were given to children not correlated with their cognitive achievement on PAI subjects with the degree of influence of variable X on variable Y was 5% while 95% was used by other factors, based on students' motivation towards people's attention old career.
SURVEY ON WEB SPAM AND ITS UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES

Search engines have become a de facto place to start information acquisition on the Internet. Although due to web spam phenomenon, search results are not always as fine as they are expected. Moreover, spam evolves that makes the problem of providing high quality search even more challenging. Over the last decade research on information retrieval has gained a lot of interest both from academics and industry. In this paper, systematic review of web spam detection techniques and underlying principles are presented. Existing algorithms are categorized into three categories based on the type of information they use: content-based methods, methods based upon links and methods based on non-traditional data such as user behavior for e.g. clicks and image spam is given. A brief survey on various spam forms is provided. Finally, the underlying principles are summarized.
The influence of understanding of reading graphs and understanding sentence on writing ability

The purpose of this research is to understand how much the effect of chart and sentence understanding to writing ability of private junior high school student in East Jakarta. This research used quantitative descriptive method with multiple correlation test. Based data analysis can conclude that; 1. There is significant effect between chart (X1) and sentence understanding (X2) to writing ability (X3). From regression coefficient significant result shows by score Sig = 0,001 and Fhitung = 8,374 while Ftabel = 2,79 so that the score Sig = &lt;0,05 and Fhitung &gt; Ftabel shows that regression is significant and means that there is a positive effect between independent variable X1(chart understanding) and X2 (sentence undertstanding) to dependent variable Y (writing ability).
Agent-Mediated Social Choice

Direct democracy is often proposed as a possible solution to the 21st-century problems of democracy. However, this suggestion clashes with the size and complexity of 21st-century societies, entailing an excessive cognitive burden on voters, who would have to submit informed opinions on an excessive number of issues. In this paper I argue for the development of “voting avatars”, autonomous agents debating and voting on behalf of each citizen. Theoretical research from artificial intelligence, and in particular multiagent systems and computational social choice, proposes 21st-century techniques for this purpose, from the compact representation of a voter’s preferences and values, to the development of voting procedures for the use of autonomous agents only.
Tinjauan Pengaruh Sistem Akuntansi Penggajian Dan Pengupahan Dalam Mendukung Pengendalian Intern Gaji Dan Upah Pada Hotel Salak The Heritage

The roles of internal control and accounting information system owned by a firm cannot be separated with each other in company’s operating in order to run smoothly and in accordance with the standardised procedures. And so with payroll and payment operating, it takes a proper system to run its activities. Thus, the company will be able to avoid possible risks during transactions. This research is aimed at investigating how the application of payroll system and to determine if the existing system helps the management in controlling its payroll and payment system. This is a descriptive research using primary data such as interviews with management and secondary data. Data are collected using observation technique, interviews and library research. The result concludes that the company has run a proper system in its payroll and thus helped the management to control its payroll and payment system.
Foreground Object Detection and Separation Based on Region Contrast

Foreground object detection is one of the major important tasks in the field of computer vision which attempt to discover important objects in still image or image sequences or locate related targets from the scene. Foreground objects detection is very important for several approaches like object recognition, surveillance, image annotation, and image retrieval, etc. In this work, a proposed method has been presented for detection and separation foreground object from image or video in both of moving and stable targets. Comparisons with general foreground detectors such as background subtraction techniques our approach are able to detect important target for case the target is moving or not and can separate foreground object with high details.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MOBILE LEARNING BERBASIS ANDROID PADA TEMA 7 PERISTIWA DALAM KEHIDUPAN DI KELAS V SDN 2 KENITEN

This study is a research and development which aims to develop Thematic Apps applications in the form of android mobile learning media for elementary school students. This development research was carried out using the Four-D model, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. Media validation is carried out by three experts, namely media experts, material experts, and linguists. The media developed is tested in a limited and broad manner. Limited trials were conducted in the fifth grade of  Keniten 2 Public Elementary School while extensive trials were conducted in Windujaya Public Elementary School and Karangnangka Public Elementary School. Based on the assessment of material experts, media experts, and linguists obtained an average score on the material aspects of 72.5 (Fairly Worthy), on the media aspect of 85.5 (Very Worthy), and on the language aspect by 75.0 (Worth ) Based on the response from two class V teachers, it showed that the average score of respondents 1 was 98.46% and from respondents 2 that the average score reached 83.08% with the category Very Worthy. Based on the response of students in the development test obtained an average score on the repodusibility coefficient reaches an average of 0.5 while the scalbility coefficient reaches an average of 1.0 with the category Very Eligible. The results of the validation test for improving student achievement are conducted using pretest and posttest obtained a gain value of 0.5 classified (Moderate).
Dial Access Retrieval and the Adoption Process

In an attempt to define effective procedures for theadoption of technological innovations, the authorconducted a study of the successes and failures of dialaccess retrieval systems. Because of the interesting andcontroversial history of this medium, the study sought todetermine why some schools chose this medium, how it wasutilized and modified, and why it failed in some instances.The survey instrument used in this study was sent to schoolsusing their systems and to schools where the systems hadbeen discarded. The 68% rate of return did producevaluable data for a multiple regression analysis.
Consistency Formation of Fuzzy Multi-Attribute Group Decision Making Based on Alternative Adjustment

Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a method usually used in group decision making. The process of group decision making using AHP is essentially an individual preference of the decision maker incorporating process. In this process, it becomes one of the cores for studying theory and method of group decision making, how we incorporate effectively different forms of preference information. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a solution which makes consistency preference of decision maker group form finally by decision alternative adjustment. We can make clear the deference of decision preference of each division on basis of group division by means of decision information of the decision maker and put forward to employ flexibly AHP for consistency formation of fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making. Thus, an effective dynamic group decision making process is formed. A group decision making example of market approves of new tissue product shows the feasibility of the proposed method.
Shape Shifting Across Social Media

Individuals change and adapt their behavior according to their social situation (e.g., transitioning from work to home).However, how does this shape shifting of selfpresentations and identity translate into various online platforms?This exploratory study utilizes a novel and mixed methodological approach to better understand user behavior across social media platforms.We interviewed 22 participants and employed a repertory grid technique to reveal deeper similarities and differences in behavior across various online platforms.We found that users had a variety of strategies for managing multiple audiences across multiple platforms.Almost all participants actively separated their professional (e.g., LinkedIn) and social (e.g., Facebook or Instagram) oriented platforms typically by self-censorship of posts rather than utilizing audience management tools.Via the repertory grid technique, we revealed a number of more subtle nuances of how participants reflect on how and why they maintain a number of social media identities.
Google Translate and DeepL: Breaking taboos in translator training

In recent decades, when we read about the use of machine translation, we were told that it was not suitable for professional translation. The reason was that machine translation used to produce poor results as long as it was not applied to controlled language of pre-edited texts within a specific field of specialization, and with post-editing of the target text, all of it using the appropriate specialized tools.&#x0D; However, three considerations led us to want to assess to what extent machine translation could be used in a German-Spanish/Spanish-German Specialized Translation course, since we observed that&#x0D; 1) despite warnings, students made use of machine translation,&#x0D; 2) Google Translate and the newcomer DeepL were improving their machine translation results, and&#x0D; 3) in short, computer-assisted translation uses machine translation as a secondary help tool, although always controlled by the human translator.&#x0D; As translator trainers, we planned to use post-editing as an opportunity to teach translation and focus on how to diagnose machine translation errors as a means of improving proficiency in both the mother tongue and the foreign language. In this work we focus on Spanish-German translation of specialized texts, which poses many challenges to students and usually requires reviewing and deepening the grammar of the target language in class. Our aim is to contribute to the didactics of translation, teaching the students how to prevent errors analyzing machine translation and handling post-editing with a critical mind, in order to improve linguistic competence.&#x0D;
Conceptual Representations for Concept Creation

Computational creativity seeks to understand computational mechanisms that can be characterized as creative. The creation of new concepts is a central challenge for any creative system. In this paper, we outline different approaches to computational concept creation and then review conceptual representations relevant to concept creation, and therefore to computational creativity. The conceptual representations are organized in accordance with two important perspectives on the distinctions between them. One distinction is between symbolic, spatial and connectionist representations. The other is between descriptive and procedural representations. Additionally, conceptual representations used in particular creative domains, i.e. language, music, image and emotion, are reviewed separately. For every representation reviewed, we cover the inference it affords, the computational means of building it, and its application in concept creation.
On the Number of Circuits in Regular Matroids (with Connections to Lattices and Codes)

We show that for any regular matroid on m elements and any α ≥ 1, the number of α-minimum circuits, or circuits whose size is at most an α-multiple of the minimum size of a circuit in the matroid is bounded by m O(α 2 ) .This generalizes a result of Karger for the number of α-minimum cuts in a graph.As a consequence, we obtain similar bounds on the number of α-shortest vectors in "totally unimodular" lattices and on the number of α-minimum weight codewords in "regular" codes.
Does Fast Beat Thorough? Comparing RTAA* and LSS-LRTA*

The RTAA* algorithm has been proposed as an alternative to the LSS-LRTA* algorithm for heuristic search under hard time constraints. It uses a cruder but faster learning procedure. Experimental results on pathfinding in mazes in the unknown terrain setting indicated that RTAA* was superior to LSS-LRTA*. In this paper, we attempt to replicate those results and we extend the analysis to additional domains. Our results suggest that RTAA* is superior to LSS-LRTA* only in situations where the heuristic is already relatively accurate, either inherently or because of large lookahead. Overall, neither algorithm seems superior to the other.
A Suboptimality Bound for 2k Grid Path Planning

The 2k neighborhood has been recently proposed as an alternative to optimal any-angle path planning over grids. Even though it has been observed empirically that the quality of solutions approaches the cost of an optimal any-angle path as k is increased, no theoretical bounds were known. In this paper we study the ratio between the solutions obtained by an any-angle path and the optimal path in the 2kk, that generalizes previously known bounds for the 4- and 8-connected grids. We analyze two cases: when vertices of the search graph are placed (1) at the corners of grid cells, and (2) when they are located at their centers. For case (1) we obtain a suboptimality bound of 1 + 1/8k2 + O(1/k3), which is tight; for (2), however, worst-case suboptimality is a fixed value, for every k ≤ 3. Our results strongly suggests that vertices need to be placed in corners in order to obtain near-optimal solutions. In an empirical analysis, we compare theoretical and experimental suboptimality.
SUM-SINES EQUATION FOR ESTIMATING THE PERCENT OF SHADOW LENGTH OF TARGETS IN THE SATELLITE IMAGES

With the development of high resolution sensors in remote sensing satellites, the shadow phenomena has appeared clearly in satellite image. The shadow is a separated feature in the satellite image, some time it may be considered as a problem due to the loss of ray information at the shaded region, other may be considered as a criteria to the height of the body which has a shadow. The length of shadow depends on the height of the body, location on the earth surface, and the sun location in sky at the imaging time. The sun location is varying every hour during the day and every day during year. These varying is calculated by complex astronomic equations. In this article, we simplified these calculations to just on equation depend on one parameter, and examine this equation by field measurements. The suggested equation is sum-sine equation with an enough accuracy to be used in civil, ecological, gardens designing near the high buildings, or architectural purposes. The equation can be used to estimate the building height from the shadow length in the satellite image, as will as it may used to estimate shadow length from the known body height on the earth.