Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Graph Neural Networks for Multiparallel Word Alignment

After a period of decrease, interest in word alignments is increasing again for their usefulness in domains such as typological research, cross-lingual annotation projection and machine translation.Generally, alignment algorithms only use bitext and do not make use of the fact that many parallel corpora are multiparallel.Here, we compute high-quality word alignments between multiple language pairs by considering all language pairs together.First, we create a multiparallel word alignment graph, joining all bilingual word alignment pairs in one graph.Next, we use graph neural networks (GNNs) to exploit the graph structure.Our GNN approach (i) utilizes information about the meaning, position and language of the input words, (ii) incorporates information from multiple parallel sentences, (iii) adds and removes edges from the initial alignments, and (iv) yields a prediction model that can generalize beyond the training sentences.We show that community detection provides valuable information for multiparallel word alignment.Our method outperforms previous work on three word alignment datasets and on a downstream task.
Motivation enhancement of future engineering teacher by means of pedagogical support

The success of young people in future professional activities significantly depends on the quality of their training in higher education institution.The system of professional paradigm in higher education should be aimed at training future engineers-educators who will embody the values of civil society and at a high professional level will solve problems that arise in vocational schools.The article reveals the conceptual provisions of the development of the readiness of the future engineer-teacher for professional and pedagogical activities through the motivation enhancement.The technology of pedagogical support (substitution, imitation, cooperation, initiation, anticipation) is offered in the educational process of the higher education institution to increase the professional motivation for engineering teachers to be.The dynamics of the motives of professional activity among students in the period of 2018-2021 academic years is analyzed in the paper.The checkpoints were made after the first and the third years of the students' bachelor level and the first year of the master level at the Faculty of Engineering of Higher Educational Institution "Podillia State University" specialty "Professional Education (Engineering)" (fulltime tuition).To diagnose professional and pedagogical motivation of students the method of motivation of professional activity by K. Zamir in the modification of A. Rean was used.It was proved that pedagogical support provided by the teachers influenced greatly on the motivational component of the education.Thus, the following dynamics were observed during the testing period: constant increase of internal motivation and regular decrease of external motivation.It underlines the importance of the teaching process essence rather than environmental and other external circumstances influencing it.
The Role of M-Government Application in the Saudi Health Sector in Light of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s government had taken an interest in digital health. This helped to speed up the development of services needed to confront the Pandemic. This paper aims to review the role of free mobile health apps available on Google Play and the App Store, and used in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 outbreak. This study relied on a review of the mobile applications currently used for COVID-19. Six applications were selected that included the specific search criteria. The study found that apps have met the inclusion criteria. The following characteristic of the applications have been described: Application overview (user rating, platform (Android, IOS), language, app ranking in the store). Also, application analysis and service criteria shown based on the functions that match the specified criteria (social distancing, isolation/quarantine, awareness). We noticed a redundancy of services between 6 applications. In conclusion, it proposes the design and integration of services through a mobile health application with most of the features and functions analysed in this study.
Realistic Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer in Legal Topic Classification

We consider zero-shot cross-lingual transfer in legal topic classification using the recent MultiEURLEX dataset. Since the original dataset contains parallel documents, which is unrealistic for zero-shot cross-lingual transfer, we develop a new version of the dataset without parallel documents. We use it to show that translation-based methods vastly outperform cross-lingual fine-tuning of multilingually pre-trained models, the best previous zero-shot transfer method for MultiEURLEX. We also develop a bilingual teacher-student zero-shot transfer approach, which exploits additional unlabeled documents of the target language and performs better than a model fine-tuned directly on labeled target language documents.
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incubated creative and entrepreneurial projects in Jordan

Abstract This study aimed to disclose the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incubated creative and entrepreneurial projects. The study sample consisted of 61 creative entrepreneurs enrolled in business incubators and centers. Results revealed that the impact of COVID-19 on the incubated creative and entrepreneurship projects was high. In the factor analysis, three factors were extracted that explained the impacts of the COVID-19 on the incubated entrepreneurial projects: "Pandemic impact factor", "Incubator readiness factor", and "Entrepreneur readiness factor". Moreover, the results of the study indicated that the most severe impacts of the pandemic were in the period 17 March 2020 to 17-9-2020.
The Developing Beginning Reading Comprehension Using Pictured Story Media For First Grade Elementary School Students

&lt;em&gt;Online learning makes it difficult for first-grade teachers to carry out learning on preliminary reading material. Beginning reading is the most important stage for students to be able to follow the learning at the next stage. The purpose of this study was to describe the improvement of students' initial reading skills using picture story media. The research method used in this study is classroom action research with 3 cycles. The subjects in this study were the first graders of SD Negeri Bojong Nangka 01 for the 2020/2021 academic year. The data in this study were obtained from observations, interviews, and tests. The validity of the data using triangulation techniques and sources. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that using illustrated story media could improve the reading skills of first graders at SD Negeri Bojong Nangka 01 for the 2020/2021 Academic Year. In the third cycle, the average score of students was 76.67 with a complete score of 83.88%. In the implementation of early reading learning using illustrated story media, parents should accompany students in order to achieve learning objectives&lt;/em&gt;
“The more you explore, the less you remember”: unraveling the effects of scene clutter on learning and memory for targets

We are constantly exposed to visually rich, oftentimes cluttered, environments. Previous studies have demonstrated the negative effects of clutter on visual search behavior and various oculomotor metrics. However, little is known about the consequences of clutter on other cognitive processes, like learning and memory. In the present study, we explored the effects of scene clutter on gaze behavior during a learning task and whether these gaze patterns influenced memory performance in a later cued recall task. Using spatial density analysis, we found that a higher degree of scene clutter resulted in more dispersed gaze behavior during the learning task. Additionally, participants recalled target locations less precisely in cluttered than in uncluttered scenes during the recall task. These findings have important implications for theories linking exploratory viewing with memory performance as well as for making recommendations on how interior spaces could be better organized to facilitate daily living.
The Impact of Distance Learning on the Teaching-Learning Process of Mathematics in Higher Technical Education

This study evaluates the impact of distance learning in the teaching-learning process of mathematics in Higher Technical Professional courses.The results reveal that a positive evaluation of the functioning of the online support platform, as well as a positive attitude of teachers and students, has a positive impact on the evaluation of the functioning of mathematics classes.The functioning of the classes in the distance learning modality has a positive impact on the evaluation of the mathematics teaching-learning process.The evaluation of the platform and the students' attitude also indirectly influence the evaluation of the teaching-learning process.
IMPROVING THE PEDAGOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE PROCESS OF CREATING A DISTANCE COURSE IN E-LEARNING

This article discusses the use of information technology in higher education and the organization of the educational process on this basis, the development of pedagogical principles for the process of creating a distance e-learning course and the formation of practical skills.
A Design of Body Mass Index (BMI) and Body Fat Percentage Device Using Fuzzy Logic

Nutritional status is something that should consider because it is related to the level of health. Poor health can lead to malnutrition and death. The purpose of this study is to create a tool with a system that can determine the value and category of Body Mass Index (BMI) automatically using fuzzy logic to maintain nutritional status. However, because BMI can only decide underweight or overweight, it is necessary to determine the fat percentage based on the British Journal of Nutrition. In determining BMI and fat percentage, a load cell weight sensor with a capacity of 200 kg as a bodyweight measurement, an ultrasonic sensor HCSR-04 as a body height measurement, and a keypad that functions to enter a name, age, gender, and type of activity data. Database in this system can provide and store easier and real-time data, so the data output is accessible directly. The results are analyzed by comparing the measurement with standard tools. The BMI test taken 5 times, showed that the categories in the system (very thin, thin, normal, heavy, obese) were the same as the MATLAB test and manual calculations. Meanwhile, the results of testing body fat percentage taken 4 times also show the same category as the Body Monitor tool. So, this system can use for daily to monitor the condition of nutritional status and fat percentage in real-time.
GRAPHICS SOFTWARE USE IN THE PRESENTATION OF SOME TOPICS OF THE COURSE OF HIGHER MATHEMATICS

Due to a pandemic when transferring to a distant learning the issues arise related to urgent preparation of training materials. In this paper, based on a simple special graphic software, dynamic demonstrations were developed for some topics of the mathematical analysis course for distant learning materials and presentations. The software can be modified for direct communication that increases student’s interest in the material taught, contributes to successful pass of control tests, and practical assignment completion.
Impartial Games: A Challenge for Reinforcement Learning

While AlphaZero-style reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms excel in various board games, in this paper we show that they face challenges on impartial games where players share pieces. We present a concrete example of a game - namely the children's game of Nim - and other impartial games that seem to be a stumbling block for AlphaZero-style and similar self-play reinforcement learning algorithms. Our work is built on the challenges posed by the intricacies of data distribution on the ability of neural networks to learn parity functions, exacerbated by the noisy labels issue. Our findings are consistent with recent studies showing that AlphaZero-style algorithms are vulnerable to adversarial attacks and adversarial perturbations, showing the difficulty of learning to master the games in all legal states. We show that Nim can be learned on small boards, but the learning progress of AlphaZero-style algorithms dramatically slows down when the board size increases. Intuitively, the difference between impartial games like Nim and partisan games like Chess and Go can be explained by the fact that if a small part of the board is covered for impartial games it is typically not possible to predict whether the position is won or lost as there is often zero correlation between the visible part of a partly blanked-out position and its correct evaluation. This situation starkly contrasts partisan games where a partly blanked-out board position typically provides abundant or at least non-trifle information about the value of the fully uncovered position.
Flouting Grice’s Maxim in Jumanji: The Next Level

The title of this study is Flouting Grice Maxim in Jumanji: The Next Level. This study aims to analyze the types of maxim flouting in the film and analyze the reasons for the flout. Data obtained from the film Jumanji: The Next Level, directed by Jake Kasdan. The data were obtained from the film Jumanji: The Next Level using the documentation method and note-taking technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods. This study uses the theory of Grice (1975) cooperative principle. The result showed that the maxim that mostly flouted is the maxim of relation.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika Menggunakan Kvisoft Flipbook Maker Materi Perbandingan Siswa Kelas VII

The purpose of this research is to examine whether the comparison teaching materials developed through Kvisoft Flipbook Maker can help the learning process at Woloan Christian Middle School. The researcher uses R&amp;D (Research and Development) research model with research methods based on Sugiyono's theory, namely there are seven stages of development, potential, and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, and product revision. This teaching material contains interesting animations, audio, and video that can motivate students in learning and is also expected to make it easier for students to understand the comparison material. The results showed that the teaching materials developed were suitable for use in teaching and learning activities. The assessment was carried out using three experts and obtained percentages of 93%, 89%, and 88% so that it met the validity aspect. The responses of teachers and students on the use of teaching materials are very good with a percentage of 93% and 87% so that they meet the practical aspect. Learning outcomes obtained based on testing of 34 seventh grade students of Woloan Christian Middle School were very good with a completeness percentage of 82% and met the effectiveness aspect. Keywords: teaching materials, kvisoft flipbook maker, comparison The purpose of this research is to examine whether the comparison teaching materials developed through Kvisoft Flipbook Maker can help the learning process at Woloan Christian Middle School. The researcher uses R&amp;D (Research and Development) research model with research methods based on Sugiyono's theory, namely there are seven stages of development, potential, and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, and product revision. This teaching material contains interesting animations, audio, and video that can motivate students in learning and is also expected to make it easier for students to understand the comparison material. The results showed that the teaching materials developed were suitable for use in teaching and learning activities. The assessment was carried out using three experts and obtained percentages of 93%, 89%, and 88% so that it met the validity aspect. The responses of teachers and students on the use of teaching materials are very good with a percentage of 93% and 87% so that they meet the practical aspect. Learning outcomes obtained based on testing of 34 seventh grade students of Woloan Christian Middle School were very good with a completeness percentage of 82% and met the effectiveness aspect. Keywords: teaching materials, kvisoft flipbook maker, comparison
The Importance Of Learning Strategies In Supporting Children'S Achievement In PAUD Institutions

The background of the article is that there are still many child development efforts that are not optimal in PAUD institutions. This is thought to be due to many factors, one of which is thought to be because the learning strategies used by educators are not appropriate. This study aims to reveal the importance of learning strategies in supporting children's achievement in PAUD institutions. This article was prepared using a descriptive method with a literature study approach. Sources of data for this research come from books, journals, mass media and online media that are relevant to the research. The results showed; 1) learning strategies greatly influence children's learning activities, 2) each child has different characteristics and different learning strategies as well, and 3) appropriate learning strategies for children can support children's achievement in PAUD institutions.Keywords: learning, support, children's achievement.
FedAvg with Fine Tuning: Local Updates Lead to Representation Learning

The Federated Averaging (FedAvg) algorithm, which consists of alternating between a few local stochastic gradient updates at client nodes, followed by a model averaging update at the server, is perhaps the most commonly used method in Federated Learning. Notwithstanding its simplicity, several empirical studies have illustrated that the output model of FedAvg, after a few fine-tuning steps, leads to a model that generalizes well to new unseen tasks. This surprising performance of such a simple method, however, is not fully understood from a theoretical point of view. In this paper, we formally investigate this phenomenon in the multi-task linear representation setting. We show that the reason behind generalizability of the FedAvg's output is its power in learning the common data representation among the clients' tasks, by leveraging the diversity among client data distributions via local updates. We formally establish the iteration complexity required by the clients for proving such result in the setting where the underlying shared representation is a linear map. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such result for any setting. We also provide empirical evidence demonstrating FedAvg's representation learning ability in federated image classification with heterogeneous data.
Gradient-Free Optimization for Non-Smooth Saddle Point Problems under Adversarial Noise

We consider non-smooth saddle point optimization problems. To solve these problems, we propose a zeroth-order method under bounded or Lipschitz continuous noise, possible adversarial. In contrast to the state-of-the-art algorithms, our algorithm is optimal in terms of both criteria: oracle calls complexity and the maximum value of admissible noise. The proposed method is simple and easy to implement as it is built on zeroth-order version of the stochastic mirror descent. The convergence analysis is given in terms of the average and probability. We also pay special attention to the duality gap $r$-growth condition $(r\geq 1)$, for which we provide a modification of our algorithm using the restart technique. We also comment on infinite noise variance and upper bounds in the case of Lipschitz noise. The results obtained in this paper are significant not only for saddle point problems but also for convex optimization.
Sound and Design

Either intentionally designed or as by-products of mechanisms and processes, sounds and soundscapes are an essential presence in our contemporary environments, from notification and alarms to machinery and voice-based virtual assistants.Sound design entails a variety of practices, dealing at large with the design and craft of auditory displays to convey functions and information with aesthetic requirements.Listening is the context-dependent, humancentered, active behaviour by which we use sound to make sense of the experience with products, services, and ecosystems.A socio-technological, sound-driven approach to design is concerned about the meaning and understanding of the experience driven by listening, rather than by sound.In this paradigm shift, sound acts both as an issue and opportunity for innovative design solutions.Hence, sound-driven design is inherently embodied, situated, and human-centered.
Methodological bases of development of socially active competencies of future primary school teachers in students and improvement of its methodology

In this article, students are educated on the basis of the content of the components of the model of development of socially active competence - preparation for advocacy work, demonstration of their pedagogical and organizational skills.
Face Morphing: Fooling a Face Recognition System Is Simple!

State-of-the-art face recognition (FR) approaches have shown remarkable results in predicting whether two faces belong to the same identity, yielding accuracies between 92% and 100% depending on the difficulty of the protocol. However, the accuracy drops substantially when exposed to morphed faces, specifically generated to look similar to two identities. To generate morphed faces, we integrate a simple pretrained FR model into a generative adversarial network (GAN) and modify several loss functions for face morphing. In contrast to previous works, our approach and analyses are not limited to pairs of frontal faces with the same ethnicity and gender. Our qualitative and quantitative results affirm that our approach achieves a seamless change between two faces even in unconstrained scenarios. Despite using features from a simpler FR model for face morphing, we demonstrate that even recent FR systems struggle to distinguish the morphed face from both identities obtaining an accuracy of only 55-70%. Besides, we provide further insights into how knowing the FR system makes it particularly vulnerable to face morphing attacks.
TWO LEVEL IMAGE CRYPTOSYSTEM USING HYBRID-CHAOTIC KEY AND PRNG KEY FOR MULTI-MODALITY DIGITAL IMAGES WITH DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM

In this information age, the need of secure picture transmission is critical. Medical data is hacked in the form of photographs, which costs more in terms of insurance claims. It is vital to safeguard photographs so that unauthorised individuals cannot view them. Chaos-based picture crypto systems are the most well-known of the several types of image crypto systems because their keys are invulnerable to assault or hacking. The chaotic features play a significant role in the development of keys for secure transmission and reception. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is a more basic transform that compresses the input image by combining approximation and detailed coefficients. The incorporation of the key in the approximate coefficients of the input image provides an efficient encryption when compared to other image crypto schemes. A two level image encryption is adopted in this work, where one level is achieved using the hybrid-chaotic sequences and the next level is utilizing the pseudo random noise sequence (PRNG) as the keys. A smaller value of variance value is achieved which shows the higher uniformity of pixel values in encrypted images of our proposed two level image cryptography. Also the better performance metrics in terms of entropy, NPCR, and UACI are achieved compared to a single level image encryption. The developed image crypto system is designed and simulated using MATLAB software package. KEYWORDS: two level chaos image cryptosystems, DWT, encryption, hybrid-chaotic maps, and PRNG key generation.