Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Importance of establishing validity and reliability of reading test

This study presents the processes of developing and establishing reliability and validity of a reading test. In this respect, the study was conducted among 43 undergaduate students at Mongolian University of Science and Technology. Such detailed assessment is highly recommended for researchers who are in need of preparing pre and post tests which are different from each other. The results of students’ achievement in this test were utilized to determine the quality of each particular item in terms of item difficulty and item discrimination analysis. Item difficulty, commonly known as p-value refers to the proportion of examinees that responded to the item correctly. To test the reliability of the reading test, item analysis was employed in terms of item difficulty, discrimination, average and variance of the test scores. The quality of the item as a whole indicates a reliable value Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR20) value of 0.71.
Review of “Using Canonical Correlation Analysis to produce dynamically-based highly-efficient statistical observation operators” by Jansen et al.

The paper describes a method for producing efficient estimates of skin and subskin SST using the Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) statistical technique.This is described in the context of observation operators which are used in data assimilation schemes to provide information about the model-observation misfits in order to correct the model.The aim of the paper is to make better use of satellite SST observations in data assimilation systems compared to most existing operational systems by improving the way the diurnal cycle of SST is represented.The work is therefore valuable and the paper is well written.
Boolean Logic, Fregean Logic, Wittgensteinian Logic and the Processing of Natural Language

Gottlob Frege (1848-1925) transformed the field of logic from what it had remained since the days of Aristotle. Regarded as the founder of modern logic and much of modern philosophy, Frege laid the foundations of predicate logic, first-order predicate calculus and quantificational logic – formal systems central to computer science and mathematics. Frege was not satisfied with the ambiguity and imprecision of ordinary language. He created a new ‘formula language’ with elaborate symbols and definite rules, focused on conceptual content rather than rhetorical style, which he called Begriffsschrift – a formal language for 'pure thought'. Before Frege, George Boole (1815-1864) created what later became known as ‘Boolean logic’ which is fundamental to operations of computer science today. An application of Wittgensteinian logic could help filter authentic information from information disorder (non-information, off-information, mal-information and mis-information). Wittgensteinian logic applied in natural language processing technology (NLP), if possible and via automation, could transform the quality of information online. Many challenges remain.
Error Bounds for a Matrix-Vector Product Approximation with Deep ReLU Neural Networks

Abstract—Inspired by the depth and breadth of developments on the theory of deep learning, we pose these fundamental questions: can we accurately approximate an arbitrary matrix-vector product using deep rectified linear unit (ReLU) feedforward neural networks (FNNs)? If so, can we bound the resulting approximation error? Attempting to answer these questions, we derive error bounds in Lebesgue and Sobolev norms for a matrix-vector product approximation with deep ReLU FNNs. Since a matrix-vector product models several problems in wireless communications and signal processing; network science and graph signal processing; and network neuroscience and brain physics, we discuss various applications that are motivated by an accurate matrix-vector product approximation with deep ReLU FNNs. Toward this end, the derived error bounds offer a theoretical insight and guarantee in the development of algorithms based on deep ReLU FNNs. &lt;br&gt;
High-Speed FIR Filter Design using Decision Tree Algorithm with FPGA Debugging

In recent years, the filter is one of the key elements in signal processing applications to remove unwanted information. However, traditional FIR filters have been consumed more resources due to complex multiplier design. Mostly the complexity of the FIR filter is dominated by multiplier design. The conventional multipliers can be realized by Single Constant Multiplication (SCM) and Multiple Constant Multiplication (MCM) algorithms using shift and add/subtract operations. In this paper, a hybrid state decision tree algorithm is introduced to reduce hardware utilization (area) and increase speed in filter tap cells of FIR. The proposed scheme generates a decision tree to perform shift &amp; addition and accumulation based on the combined SCM/MCM approach. The proposed FIR filter was implemented in Xilinx Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform by using Verilog language. The experimental results of the DTG-FIR filter were averagely reduced the 48.259% of LUTs, 51.567 % of flip flops and 44.497 % of slices at 183.122 MHz of operating frequency on the Virtex-5 than existing VP-FIR.
Decoding satellite images of earthquakes, Part II: feature extraction from images, edge detection

This document is part II of a series of documents providing a lowdown on image processing in the context of understanding satellite images of earthquakes
Role of Folk Art in Ethnocultural Education of Children and Youth

The authors of article review a current problem of ethno-cultural education of youth through familiarizing with art and ornamental culture, folk art and traditions of small nationalities of Outer Manchuria of the Far Eastern of Russia. The authors outline that patriotic education is indisputable problem today, and the task of revival, promotion, maintenance of national culture as well as the formation of the harmonious personality is set out by ethno-cultural education itself. It is noted that a necessary condition of this formation is ethno-cultural competences which are built in at children's age. Teaching to respect traditions begins in families, and then continues at schools, higher educational institutions and institutions of additional education, the ethno-cultural centers. Spiritual communication of national masters and their pupils is based on continuity of generations. It is emphasized that today a lot was lost in arts and crafts of Outer Manchuria. The loss of valuable knowledge as their carriers pass away, leaving this knowledge to younger generation is observed. The question of their preservation is particularly acute. The authors come to the conclusion that this question should be solved in educational institutions by means of introduction of the integrated programs that have an ethnic and art component and modern pedagogical technologies in their contents. Author’s experiment demonstrates revival of interest in folk art in children and youth, in particular, in future teachers-artists.
Modified Key Generation in RSA Algorithm

RSA Algorithm is one of the widely used asymmetric cryptography. But with several conducts of the different studies, factorization attack based on the value of modulo ‘n’ and based on the public key, the value of the private key is vulnerable. With this, the study modified the RSA Algorithm based on modulo and the public key. The modulo transformed into a new value that produced a compound result in the factorization process. At the same time, the public key has been modified by choosing randomly from collected values and transformed to a different value making it a better-hidden private key. The two algorithms compared in terms of factorization, encryption and decryption, and speed. The modification of the RSA Algorithm based on modulo and public key produced a new two-tier scheme in terms of factorization, and encryption and decryption process. The new scheme in the result is resistant to factorization and has a new scheme of private key hiding.
Using Personas for Accessible Design

Developers and designers can incorporate accessibility from the beginning of a solution’s design. One way is to create personas that are users with disabilities. Having a primary persona with a disability means that disability will never be far from developers’ and designers’ minds. Another way to keep accessibility present is including it in scenario design. Multiple benefits to involving characteristics of users with disabilities in persona and scenario development include saving time and money that would otherwise be spent remediating accessibility issues; making solutions available to all demographics; aligning with diversity and inclusion values; and minimizing legal risk.
Hybrid loop controlled dual axis mechanical solar tracking systems and MPPTfor Nano/Micro grid Applications

This paper emphasizes the important role of solar tracker systems in Micro/Nano grid level applications. Basically mechanical and electrical type trackers are different in operation but they are similar in way of tracking of solar energy. Mechanical trackers (Dual axis solar tracking system) are widely used where space is less and quality is more and with fixed panels solar MPPT is adoptable. Hybrid loop control which controls the relative motion of solar tracking system (STS) during the day as per the position of sun. Hybrid loop control (HLC) is effective rather than open and closed loop systems due its mode of control using sun position algorithm and sensors based as per the requirement and environmental conditions. Most commonly used sensor based trackers takes feedback to adjust the panel position in such a way to track the sun, but the situation when the sky is cloudy creates problem in performance of the system. The estimated accuracy is very close to ±0.0003º but it depends on the irradiation coming from sun. So, Sun tracking system by using solar position algorithm with accuracy is required in mechanical solar trackers and maximum power point tracking in electrical trackers. In order improve the efficiency of whole solar tracking system, we incorporated both open and closed loops i.e., hybrid loop control which plays important role to improve the overall performance. In view of that we incorporated both open and closed loops i.e., hybrid loop control. Here we presented Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) which is electrical tracking system simulated in MATLAB environment and also presented mechanical type of tracking system It is facilitated by using Programmable logic controller (PLC) to access more input/output controls and simulation has been done in CODESYS software using ladder logic programming.
Language as Students’ Artistic Value: Linguodidactic Dimension

The present paper focuses on the problem of values and representation of language as an artistic value. The main objectives of the research are to specify the role of artistic values for people, represent the methodology for the integration of arts into foreign language classes, evaluate its results. The research questions of the study aimed to investigate how the experimental course contributed to students’ attitude towards artistic values, the development of their language and communication skills. The outlined methodology of arts integration into foreign language classes involves teaching art terms, phraseological units about art, popular-quotations, and teaching through literary translation and dialogue of cultures. The one-term experimental integrated course of English and art classes was implemented by two secondary schools in Kyiv (Ukraine). The evaluation of the results was done with the method of qualitative research. The findings confirmed that language as an artistic value is a powerful instrument for students’ personal, artistic, and cognitive development.
Design of Low Register all One Polynomial Multipliers Over GF (2m) on FPGA

This paper presents All-one-polynomial (AOP)- based systolic multipliers over GF (2m) need aid as a rule not acknowledged for useful execution for cryptosystems for example, elliptic bend cryptography (ECC) because of security motivations. Also that, systolic AOP multipliers typically suffer from those issue from the secondary register-complexity, particularly alongside field programmable gate array (FPGA) platforms the place the register assets need aid not that abundant. This paper however, we have demonstrated that those AOP-based systolic multipliers could effortlessly accomplish low registercomplexity usage and the recommended architectures could be utilized concerning illustration calculation cores with infer efficient usage from the systolic Montgomery multipliers In view of trinomials, which need aid recommended by the National institute of standard and technology (NIST) for cryptosystems. This paper, first we recommend a novel information television plan alongside which the register-complexity included inside existing AOP based systolic multipliers may be significantly decreased
Face Recognition by Reconstructing A 2.5 D Face using Photometric Stereo

Face recognition is an important application of image analysis and it has received a lot of interest in the last decade. There is a critical need for a reliable identification system. As of now, face recognition is not reliable enough in the majority of security applications, therefore a low cost, accurate, and viable identification method are required for face recognition. Two dimensional (2D) face recognition systems that are already existing are often not reliable. Three dimensional (3D) face recognition systems produce more accurate and robust than 2D systems but they are very costly due to large scanning and coded light and also consume a lot of time in the recognition process. This paper aims to produce a low-cost 3D face recognition system (2.5D) using photometric stereo which is less explored in face recognition systems. The capabilities of photometric stereo for use in face recognition are evaluated using a number of experiments conducted using the photometric stereo system and it is implemented and shown to be better than our traditional 2D systems. This system is aimed to solve a number of issues we see in face recognition systems like illumination, distance from the camera and pose and thus, it could be a useful application for biometric authentications in homes, governmental organizations and financial institutions
THE USE OF MEDIA AND LEARNING METHOD VARIATIONS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' ABILITY IN IDENTIFYING INTRINSIC ELEMENTS OF POETRY IN CLASS V SDN JATIMULYA 02 BEKASI REGENCY

The appropriate method can increase the effectiveness of learning in schools. Even easy subject is sometimes difficult to be developed and be accepted by students because the method used is not appropriate. Therefore, this study discusses several variations of learning methods in improving the ability of elementary school students to understand the intrinsic elements contained in poetry. This research is a quantitative study with a Pre-Experimental Design approach in the form of One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. This research was conducted at SDN Jatimulya 02, South Tambun, West Java. The data sources in this study were fifth-grade students at SDN Jatimulya 02 as the sample and the population consisted of 61 students, consisting of 36 girls and 25 boys. Data collection techniques using observation and test techniques. The observations made in this study were participatory because the researchers were directly involved. In this study, the researcher involved himself in the situation under study, namely as a teacher. Researchers used three types of assessments in this observation, namely an assessment of the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP), an assessment of the implementation of learning, and an assessment of student tests or evaluations (cycles). The activeness of students in the class became the object of observation. The use of questionnaires was also carried out, to determine the effectiveness of students in learning Indonesian. The questionnaire is a list of written questions that must be answered to obtain certain information from students. The questionnaire is made based on a questionnaire grid that refers to the formulation of the problem. The test is used to measure students' abilities in cognitive aspects, or the level of mastery of learning materials. The process of implementing the learning outcomes test is carried out after the discussion of one subject has ended, or after one quarter or one semester has been completed. Based on the results of the study, it can be interpreted that the use of media variations and learning methods affects students' listening skills in identifying intrinsic elements. This is evidenced by the completeness of students' scores at the beginning of the test and the end of the test. In the implementation of the initial test, there were 41% of students did not complete it. However, in the final test, 100% of students were declared complete or reached the KKM
Rio Carnival turns to biometrics

Next month's Rio Carnival will feature facial recognition cameras along with the Samba dancers, as the city steps up its campaign to cut street crime.
Pengertian, Proses, Hak dan Kewajiban Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan (PTK) 1

The initial introduktion to the discussion of this paper is about adminitrations is a an activty or effort to help,serve,direct or manage all activities in achieving a goal. Then regarding educators are professionals who are tasked with planning and implementing the learning procces,assessing learning outcemes,conducting mentoring and training,and conducting research and community service. And there is also slight difference between education staff and there is also a slight difference between education staff and educators where educational staff are members of the community who are decicated and appointed to support the implementation of education,which includes educators. There are three points above that become our discussion namely regarding adminitration,educators,and education personnel.
How long did it take to get to the inflection point?

It always strikes me whenever I ask myself the question: How long does it take for me to get a complicated job done. Most of the time, I do not have an answer.Perhaps, it will be somewhat easier if one looks back upon the past. And suddenly, I am in a position to answer that question for a specific happening, called an inflection point. It is the advent of the Bayesian mindsponge framework or BMF for short
Enhancement of A5/1 Stream Cipher with Non-Linear Function using MOSFET

Living in this modern era – the epitome of communication GSM networks is one of the mainly used architectures. But GSM architecture has its own shortcomings; the GSM network is vulnerable to various security threats. For any network to provide security to the user, the algorithms should be planned and designed in such a way that it provides cellular secrecy, data and signaling confidentiality to the concerned user. Keeping in mind the above features, the A5/1 algorithm provides network security. Initially, the A5/1 algorithm dealt with a pre-defined secret key but they still possess the threat of being decrypted by cryptanalytic attacks. Although decrypting this algorithm is not easy and requires high computational power. Such attacks lead to the necessity to modify the A5/1 algorithm; in our paper, we have proposed a better method to enhance the already existing algorithm.
A Crew Model using GAIIPDM in Repetitive Projects

Several indistinguishable or comparative tasks/works in a project are generally alluded to as repetitive projects. A project have group of tasks which is repetitive in nature in all over the project or a similar plan in different positions are commonly known as repetitive project. In repetitive project businesses, distinctive crew choices are accessible for each task, and selecting the best choice to a task is a noteworthy test for administrators of a project. Since acquiring optimum results is found computationally escalated for this type of problems, a modified Genetic Algorithm based technique is developed to schedule projects to satisfy different goals like minimizing total task time and the total expenditure of the project, with the constraints of precedence connections between different tasks, precedence connections between different sites and the due time within which different tasks to be finished. The performance of the proposed method is compared with solutions created using existing algorithms like simple GA and ABC. Exact solutions generated by solving the developed mathematical model is utilized for validating the solutions acquired by modified GA. The computational outcomes demonstrate that the proposed GAIIPDM methodology performs significantly well in terms of quality of solutions.
Review Comment on &amp;quot;Multi-year Evaluation of Airborne Geodetic Surveys to Estimate Seasonal Mass Balance, Columbia and Rocky Mountains, Canada&amp;quot; by Pelto et al.

Pelto and colleagues present a detailed evaluation of airborne geodetic datasets, obtained between 2014 and 2018, to estimate seasonal mass balances on 6 glaciers in the Columbia and Rocky Mountains.This study puts airborne laser scanner (ALS) dataset with exceptional spatial and temporal resolution at its full value.The comparison of these geodetic results with the glaciological balances from in-situ measurements are carried out in a very thorough way, including an error assessment according to best international practises.I found this paper to be well thought out and mostly well described.However, in some cases the writing was a bit unclear (see comments below).The results from this work do contribute scientifically to methods and knowledge pertaining to mass balance and I would recommend the paper to be considered for
ASCII affect: A comparison of emoticons and facial expressions in affective priming

The effects of emoticons in textual computer-mediated communication (CMC) remain relatively unexplored. CMC researchers have suggested that emoticons behave much as do facial expressions in face-to-face interaction (e.g. Danet, Ruedenberg-Wright, &amp;amp; Rosenbaum-Tamari, 1997; Rezabek &amp;amp; Cochenour, 1998; Thompson &amp;amp; Foulger, 1996). Some fMRI research suggests, however, that there is not a direct neural correspondence between emoticons and facial expressions, but that emoticons play an important role in determining the positive or negative valence of an utterance (Yuasa, Saito, &amp;amp; Mukawa, 2011). Following the affective priming paradigm developed by Fazio, Sanbonmatsu, Powell, and Kardes (1986), this study explores the priming effects of emoticons vis-à-vis photographs of facial expression and emotional words on valence judgements of emotionally charged words. Significant main effects of age, prime valence, and target valence were found. There were also significant interactions between these three factors. Overall results suggest that younger and older participants have differing experiences of emoticons, with younger participants experiencing an effect of emoticons that is similar to the effect of facial expressions while older adults seem to experience emoticons in ways more like textual information or even just textual nonsense.
Agent-Based Models: A Tutorial

We introduce agent-based modelling in this tutorial paper.We introduce the concepts of agent, emergent behaviour, and show these concepts in three different agent-based models.