Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
PROFITABILITY AND CONSTRAINTS OF IFAD/VCD RICE PROJECT AMONG SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN NIGER STATE OF NIGERIA

Failure to sustain most of the rural poor and food security programmes in Nigeria after their life span is due to poor productivity of the capital investment of a project to generate a remunerative income to sustain a typical agrarian farming household in Nigeria. Thus, to critically investigate this hypothetical proposition, this research aimed at evaluating the viability of the IFAD rice project among the beneficiaries in Niger State of Nigeria. Undated data of the 2018 rainfed cropping season was elicited from 111 farmers through a multi-stage sampling technique and the information were collected viaa structured questionnaire complemented with an interview schedule. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data collected. The empirical results showed that the rice project in the study area is likely not to be sustained after the stipulated time frame for the programme as inspite of the programme aim of doubling farmers’ income viz. value chain. The capital investment is not productive to sustain an average farming household composed of 8 persons having an operational holding of less than two hectares. Therefore, the study recommends provision of consumption credit in addition to the production credit advanced to the farmers in order to make the capital investment viable so that its turnover after each production season will be consistently re-invested into the rice project and possibility of a farmer taken-up additional activities along the chain, thus keeping the business going concern viable and sustainable.
Cryptocurrency and its Impacts

Abstract: The development of information and communication technologies has undergone rapid changes because of which many activities are integrated online and have become more pliable and effectual. With the tremendous growth of online user’s, the concept of virtual word has been activated and have generated a new business occurrence to assist the monetary activities such as purchasing, trading and selling of cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrency constitutes precious and impalpable items that are to be electronically used in various implementations and system such as digital social system and digital worlds. This paper enlightens the readers on how cryptocurrency is functioned. It also lets the readers gain confidence in dealing with cryptocurrency by informing them that the use of such kind of digital money is not entirely authorized. Anyway, this paper aims in guiding the readers about the escalation of cryptocurrency to view it more vividly and practically. This paper also analyses ways of regulations &amp; legislations towards cryptocurrencies and other things like merits, demerits, and criticisms attached to it so that a clear picture can be developed of its impact on various laws to regulate.
Experimental violation of n-locality in a star quantum network[1]

Using a flexible and scalable photonic platform, we implement a star-shaped quantum network with five nodes and truly independent sources, and we violate a n -locality inequality to device-independently witness nonlocal correlations in the whole network.
SPEECH STYLE USED IN TEACHING ENGLISH THROUGH WHATSAPP DURING PANDEMIC OF COVID-19

Speech style is a unique characteristic of an individual. Specifically, to accomplish the learning purpose a teacher is needed to use speech style to assist their students. There was different speech style between male and female English teachers while explaining the subject. Moreover, in the pandemic Covid-19 condition there is a requirement to use technology information as learning media such as Whatsapp. The research objectives are (1) to analyze the type of speech styles that the teacher used in teaching English through WhatsApp during pandemic of Covid-19 at SMP Islam Al Azhaar Tulungagung (2) to analyze the students’ perception of speech style used by the teacher through WhatsApp during pandemic of Covid-19 at SMP Islam Al Azhaar Tulungagung. The method of research is qualitative descriptive by using primary source as voice note, questionnaire to collect the data and data was analysis using Baxter’s speech styles categorization. The result show that (1) the male english teacher often used matter of fact features because he wanted to be more factual and referential when he explained the material to the students. Then, the most dominant of the female teachers speech style was co-operative. The female english teachers often used co operative features because she wanted to have good cooperation with their students in tlearning English. (2) The students said that they more motivated learning English when their teacher appreciate them in addition the most of students hoped that teacher should asked used referential question because it can increase their ability in English.
Analysis of Automatic Speech Recognition Methods

This paper outlines structures of different automatic speech recognition systems, hybrid and end-to-end, pros and cons for each of them, including the comparison of training data and computational resources requirements. Three main approaches to speech recognition are considered: hybrid Hidden Markov Model – Deep Neural Network, end-to-end Connectionist Temporal Classification and Sequence-to-Sequence. The Listen, Attend, and Spell approach is chosen as an example for the Sequence-to-Sequence model.
DTRAP Sample 3: for ACM Advance

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Nam sed purus in dolor pharetra egestas. Integer ac sapien. Nullam ut augue et justo tristique semper. Phasellus mattis, lectus vitae porttitor sagittis, magna sapien elementum enim, in vestibulum nisl metus in felis. Mauris metus. Sed non magna vel nulla luctus vulputate. Vestibulum eleifend, lacus sed adipiscing iaculis, magna risus lobortis dui, nec pulvinar eros velit eu ipsum. Ut et tortor semper metus consequat pulvinar. Suspendisse in massa et urna faucibus vulputate. Aenean sagittis erat eget metus. Praesent semper vestibulum eros. Donec laoreet gravida augue. In mollis quam eget turpis. Cras sit amet orci vel enim fermentum blandit. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Duis feugiat lacus eu risus. Nulla ac quam ac elit congue luctus. Sed sed massa. Duis ut lectus. Vestibulum consectetuer, nulla a scelerisque faucibus, dui odio faucibus orci, at venenatis mauris dui vel neque.
Epilogue

The 17 chapters in this book (along with the foreword from Gerardo L. Blanco) have highlighted several key overarching messages and commonalities surrounding the current and future state of online teaching and learning during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Among them recognizing the dignity of all students remotely (regardless of their background or circumstance), embracing equity-mindfulness and culturally responsive pedagogies in online learning environments, and helping individuals and institutions work toward justice with purpose and hope. Of these overarching commonalities, we believe that two major themes were consistently shared and expressed by our contributors: (1) addressing unequal access and affordability to information and communication technologies (ICT) and (2) embedding digital transformation in institutional culture and investing in digital infrastructures for a more robust online learning ecosystem.
GeoGebra integrated instruction: Effectiveness and empowerment

Integrating ICT in mathematics instruction has been becoming the pertinent issue in Nepal. In this context, this paper explores the effect of GeoGebra embedded instruction in students learning, particularly in geometry at school level. GeoGebra is the widely used open source software which can cover almost all areas of school mathematics. So, this paper will contribute the important research findings on whether the ICT integrated instruction plays effective roles in teaching and learning mathematics. Quasi experimental design was used to conduct the study. Two parallel sets of achievement test papers, observation note and interview schedule were used to collect the data from the respondents. The data obtained from test paper was analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t-test at 0.05 level of significance. Whereas the data obtained from interview and observation wasanalysed by using general inductive approach. The result of the study indicated that the achievement score of experimental group was significantly higher than control groups after using GeoGebra in teaching mathematics.Besides, the quantitative findings, students in experimental group seemed more active and motivated during the intervention. Creativity and self-exploration are two important skills they developed after the intervention. It can be concluded that ICT embedded instruction is an effective approach for better mathematics learning
Promoting Vocabulary Learning Through MALL: A Comparative Study

This paper focuses on how mobile technology helps in improving the language competencies of tertiary level students outside the classroom. It also focuses on how it motivates and encourages the students to learn the language better through digital media. A carefully selected and constructed teaching material available in digital media can give students an immediate multimedia experience which can trigger vocabulary learning, and thus making both teaching and learning experiences enjoyable. It is important that both students and teachers know how to access and use the technology to its best advantage. Classroom interaction and student involvement could be facilitated better with the help of mobile phones through the use of Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL). In the chosen study 15 students from B.A (PEP) (Psychology, English & Political Science) and 15 from B.A LLB of Hindustan Institute of Technology & Science (HITS) were considered. BA LLB comprised the experimental group and were allowed to use their mobile phones in the classroom incorporating technology enhanced language teaching and flipped classroom technique, whereas the BA (PEP) group was taught in the conventional way. Results after the experimental study indicated that the students who used MALL were able to perform better in the exams with desired learning outcomes.
Cryptocurrencies from the Perspective of the EU Financial Market Regulation

During the last two years, cryptocurrencies became a new social, economic, as well as legal phenomenon. In this context, many open questions arise. The paper deals with the issue how cryptocurrencies interact with the current European financial market regulatory framework. The following key issues will be particularly mentioned: cryptocurrency derivatives, ICO’s and investment services regulation under MiFID II and possible relation of an ICO to the regulation of collective investment undertakings/investment funds under UCITS/AIFMD.
Twenty First Century’s Challenges, Changing Trends and Urdu Novel: A Critical Analysis

The recent pandemic has not only formally announced the entry of man into the 21st century but also indicate the upcoming challenges for humanbeing. The individual of this Century suffers from duality/binary opposition where he is in an isolation/alone but not in the previous sense as he is at the same time sitting in middle of the whole world. This Mob, not his family, but the whole world has gathered at his fingertips, Man has begun to travel for centuries in minutes and seconds.Youval Noh Hariri a Nobel Prize winner philosopher of new era says man has been hacked by his own discovered biotechnology and information technology. This InfoTech or biotech data has snatched man s free will. This algorithm now replace the ancient times place of philosophers, thinkers, saints, sages, writers and leads/compels man to choices of corporate world. Now the corporate world better known mans choices by this algorithm but the man himself notter. The Challenges of self identity is the most important question of this century. The trend of predicting the future is growing day by day. Now a strange situation is knocking on human beings doors. Nature is disappearing. It is impossible to escape from artificial intelligence. Every second changing of technology results in rapid change of life and social taboos.
Pembangunan Aplikasi Pengelolaan Data pada Rumah Sakit Berbasis Web

Hospital has a variety of facilities and services. Every day there are transactions recorded by the hospital in the form of documentation such as excel. Over time, if the transactions increase, the files that will be stored will be more and more large. Therefore, a website was created that can make it easier to manage data from these files. The web application is created using PHP and integrates with the MySQL database. The main module of the web application created is to import data from an excel file. The expected results from making this website are to make it easier for employees to manage data and view information in the form of tables or graphs. Data collection methods using observation, through interviews with the person in charge from hospital by giving a questionnaire about the interface of the application. Assessment of the results of interface improvements using a questionnaire from Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire version three, totalling 16 questions. The purpose of the User Interface and User Experience analysis is to assess and serve as a guide for improving the display that has been made whether it is in accordance with the standards requested by the hospital.
EFL Teachers’ Continuous Professional Development in Addis Ababa Primary Schools: Needs and Challenges

This study was intended to examine continuous professional development needs and challenges of primary schools English language teachers in the city administration of Addis Ababa. Mixed method design was employed to gather information in the study. This method was selected because it gave opportunity to compensate the weaknesses of using an instrument and corroborate information from the other tools. The data was collected from teachers, principals and trainers. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data pertinent to answer the research questions. Two types of questionnaires were employed in the study. One was self-designed which was applied to survey the teachers’ continuous professional development needs and challenges. The other was adapted questionnaire and used to collect information about the teachers’ perceived English language proficiency in speaking, listening, reading and writing. Hence, 50 randomly selected primary school English language teachers filled in the self-designed and adapted questionnaires. Interview was conducted with 5 volunteer English language teachers who participated in the interview. 4 principals and 3 trainers were interviewed to corroborate the data collected from the English language teachers. Based on the information collected from the instruments, explanatory (Quan-qua) method was employed to analyze the data. First quantitative data from the surveys were analyzed using version SPSS 21. Then the qualitative data were analyzed thematically and combined with the survey results to answer the research questions. As a result it was found that primary English language teachers (the participants) were at high need of continuous professional development in English language proficiency especially in speaking skills and teaching methodology. Furthermore, the teachers had institutional and personal challenges to enhance their professional knowledge through participating on going professional development activities.
LibGuides: Risk Management: News & Magazines

This guide is for the subject Risk Management. It contains resources available in the NCU Library.
Creation of Sustainable Learning Environments in South African Rural Schools: A Call for Effective Implementation of ICTs

Information and CommunicationTechnologies (ICTs) are the core of the digital economy and could be important catalysts for progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which can improve people's lives.The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development recognises the great potential of global connectivity to accelerate human progress.ICT has become an integral part of educational development as it enhances the efficiency and productivity of both teaching and learning of any subject.Though remarkable progress has been made in terms of access to ICT integrated education in South Africa, the issue of its reaching every rural school student and teacher has not been resolved.Against this backdrop, this paper looks at learning environments and the use of ICTs in rural schools in the Eastern Cape, a rural South African province, through an empirical quantitative study; and calls for creating sustainable learning environments through the effective implementation and use of ICTs.Data on the learning environments in Eastern Cape schools were collected from three different sources.A sample of university students and school teachers provided information on the ICT environment in schools.Government reports on ICT integrated teaching that shed light on the vision and planning of the creation of sustainable learning environments in rural education contexts, were also analysed.It is concluded that computer access and other forms of technology have dramatically increased in South Africa, however, the level of classroom utilization of technology does not correlate with this significant rise in rural schools.This calls for audacious investments to be accomplished in two major aspects: networking the classrooms with internet facilities and equipping the teachers with ICT implementation in the classrooms.Only then can sustainable learning environments in the rural schools be comprehended in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in South Africa.
E-Fitness Buddy

Many people are concerned with their bodies nowadays but struggled to visit the gym regularly due to their hectic daily schedules. In the era of technology, fitness application is getting more approval and praise for assisting the user in performing their workout routine independently. Unfortunately, workout without expert guidance can caused injuries since users who are lacking knowledge, unable to identify the most suitable routine to perform based on their body mass and goals. E-Fitness Buddy is a prototype of a mobile application that will recommend asuitable workout routine which reflects the user’s preference and need. E-Fitness Buddy is designed to keep track the user’s progress and henceforth users will be motivated by knowing their performance based on the recommended workout routine. However, it is recommended to consider on more related criteria to recommend on the workout routine to the user.
Crack Detection by Ultrasonic System on Locomotive-Track

Abstract: It has been found that major cause of the Railways accidents is due to the derailment attributed to the cracks developed on the rails. Crack development and its prolongation happens due to regular movement of locomotives, absence of timely detection. The maintenance lapse poses serious questions on the security of Railways transport operation. Manual detection of cracks on locomotive-tracks by maintenance team is arduous task, time consuming, irregular due to environmental factors and tight scheduling of trains, which may lead to maintenance work errors. This project aims at addressing the issue of crack detection by ultrasonic crack detection system, which would work in real time, with the control action taken to avoid major accident. Ultrasonic crack detection system is mounted on the locomotive itself, include precision ultrasonic sensor, LCD display, GPS module and its power supply. System will detect crack, subsequently it will generate Visual warning-signal for the authorities and generate location coordinates of the Crack. This will help for authority to generate caution signal for locomotives running on the same track for slow movement and emergency maintenance action could be undertaken. Keywords: locomotive-track, crack, ultrasonic Sensor, GPS Module, Arduino microcontroller
Digital Contact Tracing Has Failed: Can It Be Fixed with Better Legal Design?

Can big-data-driven technology help contain the spread of infectious diseases? Based on the COVID-19 experience, the answer seems to be ‘no.’ Despite a global effort by governments, developers, and research institutions to harness technology in the fight, digital contact tracing has failed almost everywhere. But a closer analysis, informed by comparative data, reveals that this failure was not inevitable. The crisis required local and national governments to evaluate the societal harms and benefits of the technology in conditions of uncertainty, but the legal frameworks governing that effort were ill-suited for health emergencies. Thus, a series of factors that originated from or were accelerated by overhyped anxiety over the erosion of the right to privacy prevented the technology from living up to its potential.This essay argues that better legal and institutional design can facilitate a more rational and efficient process for dealing with privacy tradeoffs during pandemics. It then outlines a new framework for health emergency law and explains its advantages over the classic constitutional and legal frameworks applied by most democratic states during the coronavirus crisis.
Correction to: Probability in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

The author of this book used Python materials and would like to acknowledge the source. The below mentioned text has been added to the copyright page of the updated version.
DTRAP Sample 1: for ACM Advance

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Nam sed purus in dolor pharetra egestas. Integer ac sapien. Nullam ut augue et justo tristique semper. Phasellus mattis, lectus vitae porttitor sagittis, magna sapien elementum enim, in vestibulum nisl metus in felis. Mauris metus. Sed non magna vel nulla luctus vulputate. Vestibulum eleifend, lacus sed adipiscing iaculis, magna risus lobortis dui, nec pulvinar eros velit eu ipsum. Ut et tortor semper metus consequat pulvinar. Suspendisse in massa et urna faucibus vulputate. Aenean sagittis erat eget metus. Praesent semper vestibulum eros. Donec laoreet gravida augue. In mollis quam eget turpis. Cras sit amet orci vel enim fermentum blandit. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Duis feugiat lacus eu risus. Nulla ac quam ac elit congue luctus. Sed sed massa. Duis ut lectus. Vestibulum consectetuer, nulla a scelerisque faucibus, dui odio faucibus orci, at venenatis mauris dui vel neque.
Prediksi Pencapaian Target Peserta Keluarga Berencana Pasca Persalinan Menggunakan Algoritma Backpropagation

Population growth in Indonesia continues to increase, so the government makes a program to control the rate of growth of the population, namely the Family Planning Program (KB). The implementation of family planning also has another objective, namely to reduce the risk of maternal death after childbirth. To measure the level of increasing target achievement of postpartum family planning participants. So that it can be a reference for the DPPKBP3A in carrying out the postpartum family planning program. Data from the Population Control, Family Planning, Women Empowerment and Child Protection (DPPKBP3A) District Lima Puluh Kota data processed in this study is data on the achievement of postpartum family planning participants from 2018 to 2020. Data processing uses the Backpropagation algorithm through several stages, namely the stage initialization, activation stage, weight training (weight change) and iteration stage. One of the results obtained from the calculation is the comparison of the target with the output gradient error in Suliki District in 2018, namely the target of 0.11311 and the result of the error gradient output is -0.1171. The prediction results obtained from this process become a reference for the Population Control, Family Planning and Women Empowerment and Child Protection Agency (DPPKBP3A) of District Lima Puluh Kota to implement the implementation of postpartum family planning programs to the community the following year.