Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Driver abnormal behavior detection system using two-stage object detection

Detection of abnormal driving behavior by drivers is a serious issue, as it will lead to accidents and increase traffic burden. To reduce the number of traffic accidents caused by abnormal driver behaviors, a safety assistance system has been developed. The system contains a two-stage object detection approach that is capable of detecting abnormal driving behavior in real-time. The lightweight face detection network used in the first stage can capture facial and head pose information about the driver and perform dynamic cropping of the captured image to obtain a smaller size. This operation will result in a reduction in parameter count and improved accuracy of the behavior model in the second stage. The experiments conducted showed that this method increased detection speed by 3 to 4 times while improving model accuracy. Moreover, the cropped area can perform various tasks inside the cabin, extending its usefulness with the collaboration of the ADAS.
A Novel Image Encryption Technique for Grey and Color Digital Images

Digital images require a high level of security while being sent over a transmission medium. If the data in these images is vulnerable to unauthorized use, this could lead to major problems. There are several techniques for protecting digital images. Encryption is the effective approach for protecting digital images. In encryption methods, confusion and diffusion are the two major stages. This paper introduces a novel chaotic map-based encryption technique for the encryption of digital images. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-based image blocks are the basis of a novel method for decomposing images is introduced. Then, the image blocks were permutated randomly, rotated, and arranged in a zigzag pattern to scramble the image blocks. The encrypted image is decrypted using a key generated from a chaotic logistic map. Through the use of security analysis, PSNR, and MSME, we are able to determine how effective our proposed method is at encrypting digital images. When compared to other methods, the results show that the proposed technique attain significant amount of performance.
User Stories in Requirements Elicitation: A Systematic Literature Review

A user story is commonly applied in requirement elicitation, particularly in agile software development. User story is typically composed in semi-formal natural language, and often follow a predefined template. The user story is used to elicit requirements from the users' perspective, emphasizing who requires the system, what they expect from it, and why it is important. This study aims to acquire a comprehensive understanding of user stories in requirement elicitation. To achieve this aim, this systematic review merged an electronic search of four databases related to computer science. 40 papers were chosen and examined. The majority of selected papers were published through conference channels which comprising 75% of total publications. This study identified 24 problems in user stories related to requirements elicitation, with ambiguity or vagueness being the most frequently occurring problem reported 18 times, followed by incompleteness reported 11 times. Finally, the model approach was the most popular approach reported in the research paper, accounting for 30% of the total approaches reported.
Analysis and Comparison of Posture Detection Using Deep Learning Algorithm

Human posture detection is the latest topic in the research field and lots of research has been done on this topic. For research, posture detection can be used in many situations, like yoga, health care, medical care, self-learning concepts etc. Deep learning plays a wide role in our everyday life, such as digital assistance, voice-enabled TV remotes, credit card fraud detection and emerging technologies, like self-car-driving use the concept of deep learning. The paper reviews the literature of deep learning algorithm for posture recognition. We describe the algorithms and literature of deep learning that were most widely used for posture detection and did a comparative analysis based on parameters that were used in literature.
Some two-weight codes invariant under the 3-fold covers of the Mathieu groups M22 and Aut(M22)

Using an approach from finite group representation theory we construct quaternary non-projective codes with parameters [Formula: see text], quaternary projective codes with parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and binary projective codes with parameters [Formula: see text] as examples of two-weight codes on which a finite almost quasisimple group of sporadic type acts transitively as permutation groups of automorphisms. In particular, we show that these codes are invariant under the [Formula: see text]-fold covers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, of the Mathieu groups [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Employing a known construction of strongly regular graphs from projective two-weight codes we obtain from the binary projective (respectively, quaternary projective) two-weight codes with parameters those given above, the strongly regular graphs with parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] respectively. The latter graph can be viewed as a [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-symmetric design with the symmetric difference property whose residual and derived designs with respect to a block give rise to binary self-complementary codes meeting the Grey–Rankin bound with equality.
METHODS OF STIMULATING SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY IN THE UNIVERSITIES OF GEORGIA

In the universities of Georgia, the emphasis in stimulating scientific activity is placed on the academic staff. Special measures are being developed to activate scientific activity, which are designed to motivate teachers not only to improve their scientific level themselves, but also to include students in this process and develop their scientific research skills.
CONTINUOUS EDUCATION IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM «ROAD TRANSPORT»

The organization of the activities of the student scientific circle is considered. It is noted that the purposeful implementation of scientific research in circles contributes to the formation of a comprehensively developed personality of a specialist, scientist. General provisions on membership in the scientific circle, functional tasks, forms of work and its management are given. Attention is drawn to the fact that the main goal of the student scientific circle (CIS) is to instill in students the skills for independent selection and study of special literature, ability to draw conclusions and generalizations. It is noted that the research work of students (RWS) is an organic part and a prerequisite for the successful work of higher educational institutions. The analysis of the role of CIS in the professional development of graduates is given.
The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Operational Performance in Jordanian Service Companies: Evidence from the Amman Stock Exchange

Purpose: This study seeks to determine how intellectual capital (IC) affects the operational effectiveness of service companies listed on the Jordanian Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). Theoretical framework: The study is based on the concept of intellectual capital, which encompasses human capital, structural capital, and relational capital. These dimensions are examined to understand their influence on operational performance. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study population consists of 40 service companies listed on the ASE, with a sample of 22 companies selected for analysis. Data collection relied on secondary sources, including reports and bulletins issued by the ASE between 2017 and 2021. Regression analysis is used in the study to look at the connections between several operational performance metrics and intellectual capital. Findings: The findings reveal that human capital and structural capital have a significant positive impact on operational flexibility. Human capital and relational capital significantly influence cost efficiency. Structural capital, company size, and company age show significant effects on the inventory turnover rate. Human capital positively affects the asset turnover rate, while structural and relational capital do not exhibit significant effects. Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: This study offers insightful information about the connection between intellectual property and operational effectiveness in service businesses listed on the ASE. The findings have practical implications for enhancing operational capabilities and efficiency within these organizations. Additionally, the study contributes to the existing knowledge on intellectual capital's impact on operational performance and fills a gap in the understanding of this relationship in the Jordanian context. Originality/Value: This study is one of the first to investigate how intellectual capital affects the performance of operational aspects in service businesses listed on the ASE in Jordan. By focusing on the unique characteristics of the Jordanian market, the study adds to the body of knowledge and advances knowledge of the function that intellectual capital plays in influencing operational success.
SHELF: Combination of Shape Fitting and Heatmap Regression for Landmark Detection in Human Face

Today, facial emotion recognition is widely adopted in many intelligent applications including the driver monitoring system, the smart customer care as well as the e-learning system. In fact, the human emotions can be well represented by facial landmarks which are hard to be detected from images, due to the high number of discrete landmarks, the variation of shapes and poses of the human face in real world. Over decades, many methods have been proposed for facial landmark detection including the shape fitting, the coordinate regression such as ASMNet and AnchorFace. However, their performance is still limited for real-time applications in terms of both accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel method called SHELF which is the first to combine the shape fitting and heatmap regression approaches for landmark detection in human face. The heatmap model aims to generate the landmarks that fit to the common shapes. The method has been evaluated on three datasets 300W-Challenging, WFLW, 300VW-E with 31557 images and achieved a normalized mean error (NME) of 6.67% , 7.34%, 12.55% correspondingly, which overcomes most existing methods. For the first two datasets, the method is also comparable to the state of the art AnchorFace with a NME of 6.19%, 4.62%, respectively.
MLSoC<sup>™</sup> - An Overview

Effortless machine learning for the embedded edge
Teacher’s Strategies In Teaching English Speaking At MAN 2 Palembang

The purpose of this study was to determine how a teacher at MAN 2 Palembang taught English to a bilingual class of tenth-graders. Case study qualitative research was used as the research design for this study. The researchers used interviews to gather in-depth information about the English teacher's instructional strategies. The participant was one of the English teachers at MAN 2 Palembang and was selected using a sampling technique known as purposive sampling. The researchers used thematic analysis to analyze the data in order to obtain information about the difficulties in teaching speaking skills at MAN 2 Palembang. The findings revealed that there were three strategies used by the teacher in teaching English: (1) the teacher used a combination of role plays and storytelling; (2) the teacher used a combination of brainstorming, group discussion, and oral presentation; and (3) the teacher used ice-breaking and conversation for teaching English. The teacher utilized the technique because it is straightforward and based on a manual. The teacher also utilized additional methods. It could be concluded that the majority of students enjoy the teacher's strategies.
MOTIVATION TO WORK IN ONLINE FORMAT AS A COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AT THE GLOBAL AND NATIONAL DIMENSIONS

The question of improvement of the motivation of specialists in the field of special and inclusive education to work in online format according to European experiences and practiceshas been raised. The values of online education in the global and national dimensions have been delighted. An analytical review of research’s results has been conducted.
An Analysis of Semiotic In Queen’s Song “Bohemian Rhapsody”

Analyzing data is an activity of thinking and recognizing data which is then described so that it becomes component signs. Regarding signs, in studying English several sciences need to be studied, one of which is semiotics. Semiotics is the study of signs contained in objects that have specific meanings. In this study the researcher wanted to analyze song from Band Queen, namely Bohemian Rhapsody, "Bohemian Rhapsody" is a song with various genre transitions, modulations, and tempos, changes to several genres and modulations that occur repeatedly in the song are closely related to how the structure is of the song is contained in it. This song has a hidden meaning and message, so the researcher wants to examine this song by using the theory from Roland Barthes which discusses connotation, denotation, and myth which are in line with the researcher's wishes. The method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. In this study, the researcher collected primary data obtained from the lyrics of the Bohemian Rhapsody song. This data includes themes, schemes, word meanings, and word stress in the lyrics of the Bohemian Rhapsody song. After the data were categorized according to Roland Barthes' theory, the data were then analyzed descriptively to answer this research question. After that, the researcher conducted a literature study by looking for references through literature both from books, document journals, and other related sources and other topics relevant to this research. The results of the study show that there are 7 parts of the stanza which are then interpreted using the Roland Barthes method, where almost every stanza discusses the feeling of regret experienced by the songwriter.
The Interplay Bilingual Approach Toward Students Speaking Skill In Efl Learner

The Interplay Bilingual Approach toward Students Speaking Skills at The Fourth Semester FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidrap. The objective of this research were to find out: 1) find out whether or not that bilingual approach can interplay speaking skill in EFL learners. 2) Find out the student's interest in learning speaking skills by using a bilingual approach fourth Semester FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidrap. This research employed quantitavive and qualitative method with used clusster sampling. The population of this research is the fourth semester; exactly the fourth semester of FKIP Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang. The total number of population is 75 students. The samples in this research is from fourth semester consist 20 students. So the total sample of the research is 20 students. The data of the research were collected by using two kinds of instrument, namely speaking test and questionnaire. Speaking test was used to obtain data of the students’ speaking skill and questionnaire was used know the students interest in speaking English bilingual approach. The result of data analysis showed that three was significant difference between the students’ score after they were taught by Bilingual Approach and before they were taught by using Bilingual Approach. It was proved by the mean score of the post-test which was higher than the mean score of pre-test (68.95&gt;32.29). Furthermore, the result of the t-test value (0.0005) was greater than t-table (α = 0.05; df = 11; t-table 1.701) which means that H1 was accepted. Then, the analysis of interest by using Likert Scale indicated that the students were interested to speak English by using Bilingual Approach. Based on data analysis, the research concluded that: (1) the used of Bilingual Approach. improved students’ speaking ability; (2) the used of Bilingual Approach made the students’ interested in speaking English.
The Effectiveness on the use of Zoom Application in Learning Discourse Analysis at 6th Semester of English Education Department Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rapp

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using the Zoom application in learning Discourse Analysis during the Covid-19 pandemic in the sixth semester of the English Education Department at Muhammadiyah University of Sidenreng Rappang. The data was collected through questionnaires and interviews. This research includes qualitative research with descriptive qualitative. The subject of this research are 30 students. Sampling in this study using purposive sampling, where's the sampling technique is to take 15 students. The results showed that the effectiveness on the use of zoom application in learning discourse analysis during the covid-19 pandemic carried out by students was less effective. Because of the many obstacles experienced during the learning process, such as being constrained by the lack of a network that makes it difficult for students to understand the material presented by the lecturer. As conclusion, zoom application is less able to help in learning, especially online discourse analysis learning.
The Effect Of Random Word Games In Improving English Vocabulary Students At Seventh Grade Of SMP Negeri 2 Pancarijang

The purpose of this study was determined whether the use of random word games could improved the ability of SMP N 2 Pancarijang students in vocabulary and whether students are interested in the method of this game. This study uses a mixed research method that was a quantitative research. The population of this study was seventh grade students of SMP N 2 Pancarijang in the 2018-2019 academic year. The total population was 87 students consisting of 4 classes. Class VII3 was taken as a sample using cluster sampling techniques, the total number of samples was 24. The instruments used in this study were vocabulary tests.&#x0D; The results of this study indicate that the pre-test got an average score (29.28) while the post-test got an average score (58.85). This shows that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test. The p-value (0,000) is lower than the significant level (alpha (α) = 0.05). This means H1 was accepted. This study concluded that vocabulary teaching using the random word game improved students' ability to master vocabulary mastery in seventh grade students of SMP N 2 Pancarijang.
Anomaly Detection with Memory-augmented Adversarial Autoencoder Networks for Industry 5.0

CNN-based adversarial machine learning models are proposed to drive the innovation of anomaly detection techniques under Industry 5.0. However, the generalization inherent in the model is inadequate to separate anomalies from normal data with insufficient representations. It suffers from the spatial locality of CNN, resulting in inferior reconstructions due to low-quality feature representations. The intermediate features have not been well utilized, which impairs industrial anomaly detection. In this paper, we propose Memory-augmented Adversarial Autoencoder with CNN-Transformer (CTMAANet), aiming to improve the quality and utilization of features, which is conducive to the innovation of detection technology under Industry 5.0. CNN-Trans block is proposed as the backbone to inherit the advantage of both CNN and Transformer for feature extraction. Memory-augmented Adversarial Autoencoder is exploited for industrial detection by making full use of intermediate features. Specifically, a memory module with multiple measurements is designed to suppress the generator generalization by cascading multivariate features. A dual-view discriminator is presented to discriminate anomalies from both image and latent spaces. Further, a G-D latent loss enhances adversarial training by minimizing the encoding and discriminative processes. Extensive experiments conducted on numerous datasets show that the proposed model achieves effective detection under Industry 5.0.
Orthography and Language Contact

The goal of his chapter is twofold: firstly, to provide a general review of the literature on language contact and orthography, with a special focus on how situations of language contact can bring about alternation or conflict among various spelling traditions, and spearhead the emergence of new orthographic standards; and secondly, to explore how a historical sociolinguistic approach can contribute to the study of historical orthographies in language contact situations. Specifically, the chapter tests the possibilities of an ecological framework to the study of historical orthographies in contact settings, by considering spelling norms as a reflection of multiple, simultaneous linguistic and cultural environmental forces. This framework is illustrated in the second half of the chapter by means of a case study of the emergence of orthographic norms in a high-contact environment, namely the development of spelling protocols in colonial Nahuatl and the application of these protocols to Spanish loanwords containing sibilants. This case study exemplifies the interface between linguistic, social and cultural effects typical of language contact environments, and illustrates the affordances of an ecological approach to the study of historical orthographies and orthographic normativization in other contact settings.
Typologies of Writing Systems

This chapter discusses the ongoing enterprise of developing typologies of writing systems, which strives to propose a coherent framework for classifying the world’s diverse writing systems. Because different theoretical assumptions about the core entities under analysis can yield divergent proposals, it is valuable to continually assess the conceptual and terminology contrasts that both shape and communicate typology proposals. Therefore, this chapter examines the underlying conceptualizations, the diverse, and often inconsistent, terminology, and the main limitations of existing typologies of writing systems, to further elucidate the materialization of written language both diachronically and synchronically. The substantial third section illustrates how the majority of typology proposals classify writing systems primarily in terms of a core set of representational principles, or mapping relationships, assumed to exist between the linguistic units and graphemes of a language. After commenting on the elusive trinity of key terms (writing system, script and orthography), this section outlines some of the most influential, controversial and promising typology proposals and reflects on the various conceptual and terminological distinctions propounded to capture the principles of representational mapping. The last section of the chapter briefly considers the merits of exploring complementary or alternative approaches to writing system typologies.