Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Chinese Culture and the Cultivation of Humanistic Literacy in College English Teaching

The cultivation of humanistic literacy plays a crucial role in developing qualified talents in higher education.Through analyzing important concepts in Confucianism in Chinese culture, this article emphasizes the integration of Confucius's thoughts on "Ren," morality and virtues into college English teaching, which helps to build moral character of college students.The English course design, also integrating ideological and political elements, aims at strengthening students' humanistic literacy and cultural awareness through improving their understanding of Confucian philosophy and providing them with practicable ways to fulfill Confucianism.
Formalising the Prevention of Microarchitectural Timing Channels by Operating Systems

Microarchitectural timing channels are a well-known mechanism for information leakage. Time protection has recently been demonstrated as an operating-system mechanism able to prevent them. However, established theories of information-flow security are insufficient for verifying time protection, which must distinguish between (legal) overt and (illegal) covert flows. We provide a machine-checked formalisation of time protection via a dynamic, observer-relative, intransitive nonleakage property over a careful model of the state elements that cause timing channels. We instantiate and prove our property over a generic model of OS interaction with its users, demonstrating for the first time the feasibility of proving time protection for OS implementations.
The Octatope Abstract Domain for Verification of Neural Networks

Efficient verification algorithms for neural networks often depend on various abstract domains such as intervals, zonotopes, and linear star sets. The choice of the abstract domain presents an expressiveness vs. scalability trade-off: simpler domains are less precise but yield faster algorithms. This paper investigates the octatope abstract domain in the context of neural net verification. Octatopes are affine transformations of n-dimensional octagons—sets of unit-two-variable-per-inequality (utvpi) constraints. Octatopes generalize the idea of zonotopes which can be viewed as an affine transformation of a box. On the other hand, octatopes can be considered as a restriction of linear star set, which are affine transformations of arbitrary $$\mathcal {H}$$ -Polytopes. This distinction places octatopes firmly between zonotopes and star sets in their expressive power, but what about the efficiency of decision procedures? An important analysis problem for neural networks is the exact range computation problem that asks to compute the exact set of possible outputs given a set of possible inputs. For this, three computational procedures are needed: 1) optimization of a linear cost function; 2) affine mapping; and 3) over-approximating the intersection with a half-space. While zonotopes allow an efficient solution for these approaches, star sets solves these procedures via linear programming. We show that these operations are faster for octatopes than the more expressive linear star sets. For octatopes, we reduce these problems to min-cost flow problems, which can be solved in strongly polynomial time using the Out-of-Kilter algorithm. Evaluating exact range computation on several ACAS Xu neural network benchmarks, we find that octatopes show promise as a practical abstract domain for neural network verification.
Analysis to the Strategies of Extracurricular Reading Guidance for College to University Students Under the Network Environment

In view of the serious lack of reading for students, this paper analyzes the significance of College to University student extracurricular reading under the network environment, explores the construction of guideline reading mode for College to University student's extracurricular reading, and gives specific guidance strategies for it.
Macro and Microstructure of Food Product Advertisement Discourse on Television

Language in advertising discourse is different from that of other genre of text since advertisements are supposed to have the capability of attracting public attention and interest.By making use of Van Dijk's (2009) discourse theory, this study examines three phenomena about food product advertisements on Indonesian television, which are macro structure, superstructure and micro structure.The research aim is to know the macro and microstructure of food product advertisement discourse on television.This study was conducted using a qualitative research method design.The result shows Overall, in the macro structure, all advertisements analyzed in this paper have an ideological meaning to invite the audience or the public to buy the product being advertised.However, every advertisement is found to always involve two forms of communication, namely verbal and non-verbal.In this context, non-verbal forms have a very important role in attracting the attention of the audience through efforts to influence them psychologically.People more easily understand a message that is accompanied by symbols, signs, or pictures.
Teaching Reform and Practice of Software Architecture for Postgraduates in Universities

Software architecture is a core course for postgraduates of the firstlevel discipline of software engineering, with a high degree of abstraction, complex content and strong practicality.Aiming at the current problems of outdated course content, disconnection between theory and practice, and difficulty in achieving course objectives in teaching, as required by academic/professional degree graduate core curriculum guidelines, the course content is optimized from five aspects: software architecture overview, software architecture style, software architecture description and documentation, software architecture design and software architecture evaluation, designing teaching cases of course, and giving case-driven teaching implementation method.
Exploration and Construction of Evaluation System for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Course Construction in Colleges and Universities

Under the background of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", Chinese colleges and universities have carried out innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students, innovation and entrepreneurship education not only conforms to the development trend of the times, but also meets the needs of talents in the new era, but the development of innovation and entrepreneurship education is a long-term and arduous task, requiring the cooperation of the government, society, schools and other parties, and the innovation and entrepreneurship education course evaluation system as an important part of the application-oriented undergraduate talent training model, for the current innovation and entrepreneurship education course evaluation common lack of evaluation awareness.In accordance with the needs of social and economic development, the content of innovation and entrepreneurship education course evaluation is clarified through investigation and analysis, and then the evaluation elements are continuously refined and the structure of course evaluation is optimized, and the evaluation system design is strengthened to improve the function of course evaluation, so as to continuously improve the ability of college teaching to serve the society.
The Influence of Pre Exam Anxiety on the Increasing Demand for Online Games of High School Students

Pre exam anxiety is made by many reasons.Like afraid of getting bad score after taking the test as that is shameful.And if the pre exam anxiety is proper, that may be great for students to be better focused on reviewing and have better state in the test.But, if the pre exam anxiety is excessive, the it will influence students a lot.So, what kind of ways that students can use to overcome it?Maybe playing online games is one of the way.For proving that, we need to figure out whether pre exam anxiety will influence the demand for online games or not by explain some characteristics that each side contains and also doing some questionnaire surveys to students.And finally, the conclusion is that pre exam anxiety will influence the demand for online games.
On the Evaluation of the Usability of E-commerce UI Design

AimThe study aims to establish a system for evaluating the usability of e-commerce UI design to offer insights for future studies concerning e-commerce UI design and the evaluation of its usability.Methods After a review of the existing literature, the study establishes a system for evaluating the usability of e-commerce UI design by matching the usability evaluation methods, the existing problems concerning usability, and the indicators of usability, which are all taken from the existing literature, with the five elements of user experience design.The study then explores the ways the indicators measure usability and works out the specific issues covered by the indicators.Then the weight of the indicators is calculated using expert grading and the analytic hierarchy process.Conclusion Effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction are the usability indicators most frequently used and spanning the greatest number of elements of user experience design, and that questionnaires, interviews, user testing, and thinking aloud are the most frequently used methods for evaluating usability.By establishing an evaluation system and working out the weight of each indicator, finds that satisfaction with navigation, satisfaction with visual effects, satisfaction with structure, and satisfaction with functions carry the highest weights.
Co-occurrence and Co-authorship Analysis in Vocabulary Acquisition

This study is to investigate the current status of annual publications, the keywords of research hotspots, the co-occurrence of keywords, and co-authorship.A total of 1,494 references that were downloaded from Scopus are evaluated.The VOSviewer application is utilized for the analysis.This study presents numerous data on annual trends, the distribution of keywords, the co-occurrence of keywords in 10 clusters, the country and institute co-authorship, the most cited VA-associated publications, and also the reference and journal co-citation.This study examines the state and trends of vocabulary acquisition development.It can assist individuals and academic scholars in gaining a thorough understanding of vocabulary development.It also serves as a reference for the study and implementation of vocabulary acquisition (VA) visualization approaches.
Exploration and Practice of Big Data System and Technology Blended Teaching Mode

Big Data System and Technology is a professional course for the data science, Big data technology and related majors.It has the characteristics of complex content and high practical difficulty.There are several problems in current teaching, such as outdated curriculum concept, single teaching method, disconnection between theory and practice, and difficulty in achieving curriculum objectives.To solve these problems, blended teaching is introduced into the curriculum teaching.The course content of Big Data System and Technology under the blended teaching mode is designed.The division of online and offline teaching content is defined.How to practice the blended teaching mode is determined before, during and after class, and the course assessment and evaluation method focusing on process assessment is given.
The Development and Research of Wearable Water Life-Saving Products

As recent years have witnessed the increase in people's safety awareness in water activities and the rapid development of wearable devices, the combination of water life-saving equipment and wearable devices has represented the general trend.Therefore, in this paper, the development status of water life-saving equipment is analyzed, the influence of wearable devices on the development of water life-saving equipment is discussed, and the design thoughts and methods of wearable water life-saving products are researched so as to advance the research and development of water life-saving equipment, thus guaranteeing users a safer and more convenient experience.
Program Semantics and Verification Technique for AI-Centred Programs

We give a general-purpose programming language in which programs can reason about their own knowledge. To specify what these intelligent programs know, we define a “program epistemic” logic, akin to a dynamic epistemic logic for programs. Our logic properties are complex, including programs introspecting into future state of affairs, i.e., reasoning now about facts that hold only after they and other threads will execute. To model aspects anchored in privacy, our logic is interpreted over partial observability of variables, thus capturing that each thread can “see” only a part of the global space of variables. We verify program-epistemic properties on such AI-centred programs. To this end, we give a sound translation of the validity of our program-epistemic logic into first-order validity, using a new weakest-precondition semantics and a book-keeping of variable assignment. We implement our translation and fully automate our verification method for well-established examples using SMT solvers.
Higher-order thinking skills assessment in 3D virtual learning environments using motifs and expert data

The research reported in this paper addresses the problem of assessing higher-order thinking skills, such as reflective and creative thinking, within the context of virtual learning environments. Assessment of these skills requires process-based observations and evaluation, as the output-based methods have been found to be insufficient. Virtual learning environments offer a wealth of data on the process, which makes them good candidates for process-based evaluation, but the existing assessment methods in these environments have shortcomings, such as reliance on large data sets, inability to offer specific feedback on actions, and the lack of consideration for how actions are integrated into bigger tasks. Demonstrating and confirming the ability of three-dimensional virtual learning environments to work with process metrics for assessment, we propose and evaluate the use of motifs as an assessment tool. Motifs are short and meaningful combination of metrics. Combining time-ordered motifs with a similarity analysis between expert and learner data, our proposed approach can potentially offer feedback on specific actions that the learner takes, as opposed to single output-based feedback. It can do so without the use of large training datasets due to reliance on expert data and similarity analysis. Through a user study, we found out that such a motif-based approach can be effective in the assessment of higher-order thinking skills while addressing the identified shortcomings of previous work. We also address the limited research on similarity-based analysis methods, compare their effectiveness, and show that utilizing different similarity measures for different tasks may be a more effective approach. Our proposed method facilitates and encourages the involvement of instructors and course designers through the definition of motifs and expert problem-solving paths.
Analysis of professors’ intention to create multimedia contents: A case in Indonesia using behavioral reasoning theory

Education is a sector that cannot be shut down for any reason, including a pandemic rationale. Because the fate of a country is largely influenced by the education of its younger generation, who are the country's successors.Prior research on this topic looked into the learning system, and one of the most influential factors was the function of the professor. Professors must be willing to design multimedia-based learning content with concealed questions in order to motivate and urge students to view the content.The intention of lecturers to develop multimedia content was used to predict their behavior in this study. BRT (behavioral reasoning theory) is a novel theory for measuring user behavior. The data was collected through a survey of lecturers at 17 universities in 8 provinces of Indonesia and the statistical method used to process the acquired data is partial least structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). PLS-SEM is a covariance-based regression method that is quick, efficient, and optimal.In this study, our findings are policies that force lecturers to create multimedia-based learning content have the least effect as a reason encouraging them to create learning content. In fact, incentives have the greatest influence. The perception that the activity is interesting is the variable that has the greatest influence on the reason for creating multimedia content. Therefore, in making policies it is better to consider how the lecturer feels comfortable with his work and whether there is an adequate incentive because the policy that forces the lecturer does not have a strong enough influence on the lecturer.
Panorama of Peruvian Secondary Education Teachers Trained in ICT Use Before COVID-19 Pandemic

In order to determine the panorama of secondary education teachers who received training in ICT use before the transition to e-teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru, this study is presented with a quantitative, descriptive and trending approach. For this, three Surveys to Peruvian Teachers (ENDO) carried out by Ministerio de Educación del Perú before the pandemic, in 2014, 2016 and 2018 were analyzed. The total of secondary education teachers who participated in each year, respectively, were 3710 (78.5% = urban, 21.5% = rural), 3986 (81.9% = urban, 18.1% = rural) and 6118 (85.3% = urban, 14.7% = rural). After the analysis, it can be concluded that number of teachers trained in 2014 decreased in 2018 that classroom-based modality was the predominant one in these trainings, and Amazon region is the one that presents the most worrying figures.
A comparison between forward chaining-certainty factor and forward chaining-Dempster Shafer methods for ear, nose, and throat (ENT) expert system

ENT is a disease that occurs around the ears, nose, and throat and can affect various ages. This research developed an Android expert system to diagnose nine types of ENT diseases using Forward Chaining and Certainty Factor (CF) with Forward Chaining and Dempster Shafer (DS) methods based on the knowledge of three experts. The two methods were evaluated on accuracy testing and MOS for its feasibility and interface. The CF and DS obtained accuracy of 85.56% and 87.78%, respectively, based on 30 cases evaluated. In the MOS test, CF obtained a value of 4.25 while DS obtained 4.36 at 5.00 scale. The results showed that Forward Chaining and Dempster Shafer outperformed Forward Chaining and Certainty Factor.
Technological Context of Secondary Education Teachers in Peru Before E-teaching Due to COVID-19. Prepandemic Diagnosis

This study with a quantitative, descriptive and trend approach aims to determine situation of technological resources that secondary education teachers had in Peru just before the transition to e-teaching due to COVID-19. For this, three Surveys to Peruvian Teacher (ENDO) carried out by Ministerio de Educación del Perú before the pandemic, in 2014, 2016 and 2018 were analyzed. The total of secondary education teachers who participated in each year, respectively, were 3710 (78.5% = urban, 21.5% = rural); 3986 (81.9% = urban, 18.1% = rural) and 6118 (85.3% = urban, 14.7% = rural). After analyzing three variables that make up technological context dimension (electricity access, technological devices access and Internet access), it can be concluded that trends do not reveal a clear improvement between 2014 and 2018, and the main difficulty was the Internet access, especially in the regions of Amazonas and Pasco.
THE SCIENTIFIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PROCESS OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDICATORS OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS OF THE MINISTRY OF SPORTS AND YOUTH: WITH THE AIM OF INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF APPLYING AND USING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SKILLS

Aim and Background: The use of information and communication technology can lead to the development of required skills in sports employees, and the present research aims to approach the relationship between the process of knowledge management components and the effectiveness of indicators of communication skills of employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. The role of applying and using information and communication technology skills was investigated. Method: The research is a descriptive research and the research method is correlational and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this research is made up of all the employees of sports and youth departments, which according to the statistics in 2022, were 280 people. To analyze the data, K-S, Kruskal-Wallis, Yeoman-Whitney, Spearman correlation and regression tests were used. Results: 52.85% had graduate and undergraduate degrees, 38.85% had master's degrees, and 1.72% were doctoral and doctoral students. The correlation coefficient between ICT and knowledge management components is 0.369 and ICT with communication skills indicators is 0.361. Conclusion: The results of statistical data showed that the level of access and use of information and communication technology in men is higher than women, but the level of communication skills in girls is higher than boys. Therefore, it is suggested that the country's employees in general and physical training organizations in particular pay special attention to information literacy and communication skills. Keywords: ICT, knowledge, employees, communication
The Abrupt Transition to Online Mathematics Teaching Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Listening to Latin American Teachers’ Voices

This study explores the way in which a group of Latin American mathematics teachers cope with the abrupt integration of digital technology into their mathematics teaching caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2020. The study gives voice to mathematics teachers who have experienced first-hand the digital transition caused by the pandemic. Through an open survey of 179 mathematics teachers from different Latin American countries, teachers are asked how they adapted their mathematics lessons to the new context, how they felt in this transition, and if they received associated material support or guidance. The questionnaire recognises teachers’ knowledge and experience by asking them about suggestions or recommendations to other colleagues who are experiencing the same digital transition. This study contributes to broadening our knowledge about the way mathematics teachers deal with the integration of technology in their teaching practices, particularly in situations where such integration is imposed.
Gender and Age Bias in Commercial Machine Translation

The main goal of Machine Translation (MT) has been to correctly convey the content in the source text to the target language. Stylistic considerations have been at best secondary. However, style carries information about the author's identity. Mostly overlooking this aspect, the output of three commercial MT systems (Bing, DeepL, Google) make demographically diverse samples from five languages "sound" older and more male than the original texts. Our findings suggest that translation models reflect demographic bias in the training data. This bias can cause misunderstandings about unspoken assumptions and communication goals, which normally differ for different demographic categories. These results open up interesting new research avenues in MT to take stylistic considerations into account. We explore whether this bias can be used as a feature, by correcting skewed initial samples, and compute fairness scores for the different demographics.