Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Instructional Leadership Challenges in Public Secondary Schools in Sudan

The study aimed to investigate Instructional Leadership Challenges in Public Secondary Schools in Sudan, North Kordufan State; Shekan Locality (Elobeid city). In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a descriptive survey method was employed. The population of the study was 451 teachers and 12 Principals. From this population, 222 teachers and 12 principals were used as a sample using simple random and comprehensive sampling techniques. Data collected from respondents were analyzed and interpreted using percentages, a one-sample t-test, and a weighted mean. The findings revealed that there are significant challenges for instructional leadership such as school dropout due to the living and economic conditions and the delay of some teachers for classes because of transportation. Lack of financial support has been a cause for inadequate educational facilities and laboratories and a poor school environment. On top of the findings, recommendations are forwarded to address the gaps encountered in the instructional leadership practices which mainly focusing on empowering principals, teachers, and schools.
Analysis of Environmental Uncertainty, Management Accounting Information Systems, and Quality of Management Accounting Information on Decision Making Processes

In this global era, environmental uncertainty is a challenge for a company in running its business. Therefore, management accounting information for companies is useful for providing analytical tools both qualitative and quantitative as a reference in management decision making. In this case, the use of management accounting information is used as a reference in making decisions. Managers who need this information are then processed into accurate management accounting information. This study aims to analyze how much influence environmental uncertainty, management accounting information systems, and the quality of management accounting information on the quality of management accounting information, on the decision-making process in the food industry in Bandung. The analysis method used is path analysis. Based on the results of the study, it is found that environmental uncertainty affects the quality of management accounting information and management accounting information systems and the quality of management accounting information also affects the decision making process in the food industry in Bandung.
EFL Writing Skills Development Through Literature

Learning another language as English requires a combination of knowledge of the target language with skills and strategies that enable an individual to use them effectively. That is a learner has to develop knowledge about receptive skills; i.e., listening and reading, as well as productive ones; i.e., speaking and writing. Though all the skills are important for language learning, the writing skill is probably the most needed in academic and professional communities. It constitutes an important means of communication through which the writer expresses feeling, ideas and arguments. In the case of English language learning, writing in a language that one is not familiar with constitutes a hard task. In fact, though writing represents a crucial skill for learning any language, its complex nature makes it a challenging affair for both the learners and the teachers. It requires the learners to be guided and assisted in their efforts to reach success. Besides, the teachers are expected to furnish the appropriate measures to achieve the teaching goals. Therefore, it is with the perspective to highlight the importance of writing and the role of reading literature in developing EFL learners’ writing skill that this piece of work is undertaken. This is achieved via disclosing the nature of the writing skill and how the implementation of literature in the writing classes can provide positive effect on EFL learners’ performance.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Daring SIAKAD Terhadap Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Informasi Akademik di Kalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Islam Makassar

The rapid development of technology encourages Makassar Islamic University to make changes in the academic information system, which was originally done manually / traditionally to online-based which can be accessed anywhere and anytime by students to meet the need for academic information. Various problems occur in the implementation of the online-based information system, so the assumptions that arise regarding how the effectiveness of the use of SIAKAD Online Media to meet the academic information needs of Makassar Islamic University students are the challenges of this research.In this study a quantitative method is used which aims to determine the effect of using online SIAKAD in meeting academic information needs among students. Respondents in this study were drawn from 2017 class year students from 8 faculties totaling 1,194 people. The samples chosen in this study were 299 people with 5% specimens. The research data were obtained through a survey of respondents with Kearis distribution. Then processing and data analysis is done with a simple linear regression analysis using the help of SPSS version 25. The results of this study indicate that there is effectiveness of the use of online data to meet the needs of academic information of students assessed significantly adjusted Rsquare results of 0.305% variation of the dependent variable, namely the fulfillment of needs. This means that 30.5% of the variable fulfillment of needs is the contribution of the variable use of online data
EFFECTS OF CONCESSIONAL DEBT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: A MULTILATERAL AND BILATERAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE WEST AFRICAN MONETARY ZONE

Studies on the contribution of concessional debt to economic development are sketchy. The paucity of empirical studies on this subject is even more glaring in the context of the English-speaking West African countries. Bilateral and multilateral aid donors have intensified the flow of official assistance to the developing countries of the world with the aim to bridge the developmental gap between the less developed countries and the industrialized countries of the world. The question that often arises is whether such aids have yielded the desired results among the recipient countries. Against this backdrop, we examined the effect of concessional debt on the economic development in the West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ) using cross-sectional data from 1975-2014. The panel cointegration and panel unit root tests were employed to test for long-run relationship and stationarity of the series respectively. Our model was analysed with both fixed and random effect panel regression while the Hausman test be used to determine the best and appropriate choice between the two. Our findings reveal that multilateral and bilateral concessional debts have significant positive effect on standard of living in the West African Monetary Zone. The panel cointegration test also indicates that there is no long-run relationship between concessional debt and per capita income. We conclude that inflow of concessional aid from multilateral and bilateral donors has had remarkable influence on the standard of living in the region. We recommend that concessional aid to the less developed countries be intensified. However, recipient countries should have a credible external borrowing guideline scribed in their legislation to check against excessive borrowing and also ensure that aid received is used for the intended (developmental) purposes. External institutions and aid agencies should also be involved in the entire aid administration with aim of ensuring that aid is extended based on need, not political ties. &#x0D; &#x0D; JEL: A10; B20; C01&#x0D; &#x0D; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0781/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Strategi kemas ulang informasi untuk peningkatan pelayanan perpustakaan di era new normal

Information repackaging is one of the library's efforts to meet users' information needs in the new normal era. Libraries need to prepare various strategies in providing repackaging products as a library service innovation. This research aimed to describe various aspects and stages of library strategy design in information repackaging in the New normal era. The research used a qualitative approach through literature studies research methods. The results showed that libraries and librarians in the new normal era needed to pay attention to various aspects and stages in designing a digital information repackaging strategy. Aspects of the information repackaging strategy include determining the source of packaging information, types of information repackaging products, and information repackaging methods. Libraries carry out information repackaging strategies by making information repackaging the library’s flagship program and the librarian's main job, understanding the information behavior of the library's native digital users, disseminating digital information packages through social media and collaborative networks, changing the librarian’s role into social librarians and public knowledge and implementing a Marketing and Public Relations (MPR) strategy to disseminate information repackaged products to users. The head of the library plays an important role in supporting librarians in carrying out information repackaging activities. This research concludes that the librarian strategy of repacking information in the new normal era is needed to improve library services that are more creative, interactive, and innovative, in accordance with the user's information needs.
SVM: Object Detection using Rotation-Invariant and Fisher Discriminative Convolutional Neural Networks

With the touchy development of information, the multi-see information is broadly utilized in numerous fields, for example, information mining, AI, PC vision, etc. Since such information consistently has a perplexing construction, for example numerous classes, numerous viewpoints of portrayal and high measurement, how to detail a precise and solid system for the multi-see order is an exceptionally difficult assignment. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-see characterization technique by utilizing various multi-class Backing Vector Machines (SVMs) with a novel shared system. Here each multi-class SVM installs the scaling component to renewedly change the weight assignment, everything being equal, which is useful to feature more significant and discriminative highlights. Besides, we receive the choice capacity esteems to incorporate different multi-class students and present the certainty score across various classes to decide the last characterization result. Moreover, through a progression of the numerical derivation, we connect the proposed model with the reasonable issue and address it through a rotating emphasis improvement strategy. We assess the proposed strategy on a few picture and face datasets, and the test results exhibit that our proposed technique performs better compared to other cutting edge learning calculations.
Spam Traffic Cost Analysis for Network Operators

Spam messages are utilized to disperse malware, make phishing assaults, and promote unlawful items. Spam produces expenses to clients, e.g., casualties of phishing, and to arrange overseers, e.g., who provision and pay for the traffic. Several recommendations plan to distinguish and channel spam messages at the origin, limiting message engendering and lessening squandered data transfer capacity on the course from the spammer to the goal. In this work, this paper breaks down spam traffic costs for arranging administrators. This paper measure the courses crossed by genuine spam messages collected at five honeypots, and gauge spam traffic costs as indicated by the business connections between systems navigated on each course. This paper shows that stub systems are deliberately hampered by high spam traffic costs yet can participate to channel up to 79.9% of spam messages at the root. The outcomes additionally demonstrate that travel arrangements that send a ton of spam may utilize traffic building to diminish their travel costs.
Towards Evaluating Adversarial Attacks Robustness in Wireless Communication

The emerging new technologies, such as autonomous vehicles, augmented reality, IoT, and other aspects that are revolutionising our world today, have highlighted new requirements that wireless communications must fulfil.Wireless communications are expected to have a high optimisation capability, efficient detection ability, and prediction flexibility to meet today's cutting-edge telecommunications technologies' challenges and constraints.In this regard, the integration of deep learning models in wireless communications appears to be extremely promising.However, the study of deep learning models has exhibited inherent vulnerabilities that attackers could harness to compromise wireless communication systems.The examination of these vulnerabilities and the evaluation of the attacks leveraging them remains essential.Therefore, this paper's main objective is to address the alignment of security studies of deep learning models with wireless communications' specific requirements, thereby proposing a pattern for assessing adversarial attacks targeting deep learning models embedded in wireless communications.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF DIAGNOSTICS TA SHLYAKHIV FORMUVANNYA VIDPOVIDALNOSTI SPECIFICATIONS MAYBUTNIKH FAKHIVTSIV

A theoretical and methodological analysis of the definition of “visibility” was carried out in the statti; the analysis of the specific structure of the specificity of the specificity, which includes cognitive, motivational, behavioral-volitional, moral and spiritual components. On the basis of the given structure, which allows to investigate the levels of formation of personal responsibility from over-responsibility to irresponsibility for all components, the diagnosis of the level of personal responsibility of the applicants of the second educational level was carried out. “Master” in three specialties 053 “Psychology”, 011 “Educational, pedagogical sciences”, 281 “Public administration and administration”. It has been stated that there is no sufficient developmental evidence for all the components, but that there is a need to make a sound box and the necessary development process for the development of such solutions. On the basis of irrelevant results, a psycho-pedagogical program is pro-proponated, which consists of three blocks - informational, operational-operational and reflexive - for a comprehensive development of the level of development of students of specialties.
PERBANDINGAN KEMAMPUAN REGRESSION TESTING TOOL PADA REGRESSION TEST SELECTION: STARTS DAN EKSTAZI

Regression testing as an essential activity in software development that has changed requirements. In practice, regression testing requires a lot of time so that an optimal strategy is needed. One approach that can be used to speed up execution time is the Regression Test Selection (RTS) approach. Currently, practitioners and academics have started to think about developing tools to optimize the process of implementing regression testing. Among them, STARTS and Ekstazi are the most popular regression testing tools among academics in running test case selection algorithms. This article discusses the comparison of the capabilities of the STARTS and Ekstazi features by using feature parameter evaluation. Both tools were tested with the same input data in the form of System Under Test (SUT) and test cases. The parameters used in the tool comparisons are platform technology, test case selection, functionality, usability and performance efficiency, the advantages, and disadvantages of the tool. he results of the trial show the differences and similarities between the features of STARTS and Ekstazi, so that it can be used by practitioners to take advantage of tools in the implementation of regression testing that suit their needs. In addition, experimental results show that the use of Ekstazi is more precise in sorting out important test cases and is more efficient, when compared to STARTS and regression testing with retest all.
Effect of Cartoon Animation Movie on Level of Pain During Intravenous Cannulation Among Children

Background: Pain is such an uncomfortable feeling that even a tiny amount of it is enough to ruin every enjoyment.Painful medical procedures such as immunizations and intravenous cannulation done in hospitals comprise a significant portion of the average child's experience with painful events.Inadequate relief from pain during childhood may have long term negative effects on future pain tolerance and pain response.Objective: To assess the effect of cartoon animation movie on the level of pain during intravenous cannulation among hospitalized children.Methodology: An experimental research design was used to assess the effect of cartoon animation movie on the level of pain during IV cannulation in 100 children of 2-7 years of age selected by convenience sampling. Results:The mean pain score during IV cannulation in the experimental group was lower (02.52 ± 03.37) than the control group (04.9 ±0 3.03) and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.003).At one minute after the IV cannulation procedure, the mean pain score in the experimental group was lower (01.00 ± 0.00) than the control group (02.50 ± 02.43) (p>0.05).At three minutes after the IV cannulation procedure, the mean pain score in the experimental group was 0.00±0.00while in the control group was 02.43 ± 02.50 (p>0.05).Conclusion: Cartoon animation movie significantly reduces the level of intravenous cannulation procedural pain in children in the experimental group as compared to the control group.
Dry-spell assessment through rainfall downscaling comparing deep-learning algorithms and conventional statistical frameworks in a data scarce region: The case of Northern Ghana

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Large parts of the world rely on rainfed agriculture for their food security. In Africa, 90% of the agricultural yields rely only on precipitation for irrigation purposes and approximately 80% of the population&amp;amp;#8217;s livelihood is highly dependent on its food production. Parts of Ghana are prone to droughts and flood events due to increasing variability of precipitation phenomena. Crop growth is sensitive to the wet- and dry-spell phenomena during the rainy season. To support rural communities and small farmer in their efforts to adapt to climate change and natural variability, it is crucial to have good predictions of rainfall and related dry/wet spell indices.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This research constitutes an attempt to assess the dry-spell patterns in the northern region of Ghana, near Burkina Faso. We aim to develop a model which by exploiting satellite products overcomes the poor temporal and spatial coverage of existing ground precipitation measurements. For this purpose 14 meteorological stations featuring different temporal coverage are used together with satellite-based precipitation or cloud top temperature products.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;We will compare conventional copula models and deep-learning algorithms to establish a link between satellite products and field rainfall data for dry-spell assessment. The deep-learning architecture used should be able to both have the feature of convolution (Convolutional Neural Networks) and the ability to capture a sequence (Recurrent Neural Networks). The deep-learning architecture used for this purpose is the Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs). Regarding the copula modeling, the Archimedean, the Gaussian and the extreme copulas will be examined as modeling options.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Using these models we will attempt to exploit the long temporal coverage of the satellite products in order to overcome the poor temporal and spatial coverage of existing ground precipitation measurements. Doing that, our final objective is to enhance our knowledge about the dry-spell characteristics and, thus, provide more reliable climatic information to the farmers in the area of Northern Ghana.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
e-Voting: Aplikasi E-Voting Fko (Forum Komunikasi Osis) Berbasis Web Responsive Terintergrasi Dengan Sistem Import Export Excel di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Jadid

General election or abbreviated as or we call PEMILU is an activity carried out by every organization, both governmental and private, with the aim of being able to elect a chairman or leader fairly (honestly and fairly). The conventional election process takes a long time and requires a lot of equipment and preparations, for example paper, polling places and still preparing ballot boxes and others. This is considered quite complicated, to overcome this it requires technological intervention in the form of e-Voting, with the aim of providing convenience in the pre, process and post-implementation of student council elections, so that it can be effective, efficient and paperless (without using paper as a voting place). There are also many benefits apart from the above, such as being able to know golput (do not choose) in the form of an excel print, to prevent the occurrence of double voting, there is also a session where feature, one voter once chooses. For admins, there is no need to enter voter data one by one, because there is an excel import feature, with a format that is already available, making it easier for administrators to input voter data. The research site at Nurul Jadid Islamic Boarding School was more specifically for the election of the chairman of the FKO (Osis Communication Forum). The method used is WaterFall, where the way it works is working on the initial stages until it's finished and after completing the next stage that will be done. With the e-Voting application, it will make it easier for you to carry out General Election activities in an honest, effective, efficient and paperless manner.
Development of story calendar media: Literacy resources for learning of narrative writing skills and character responsibilities

This research is motivated by the need for instructional media to improve narrative writing skills and the character of student responsibility. Because of this, a story calendar with the theme of responsibility was developed. This research is RnD research. Starting from research and information collecting, planning, develop preliminary form of product, preminary field testing, main product revision, main field testing, operational product revision. Based on the results of the media development that has been performed above, it can be conclude that the story calendar media are ready for implementation. The validity is proven by the validators, consisting the media expert, material expert, language expert, and also from the teachers and students responses. The mean score from the expert and teachers responses is belongs to “Very Eligible” criteria. All the students responses showed that they said “Yes” almost 100% in all the statement from the students questionnaire. It is excpected that the story calendar media can serve as an alternative of literacy media and supplementation learning material, especially for writing skills learning and developing student’s responsibility character. Keywords: media, story calendar, writing skill, narrative, responsibility