Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
DIGITAL TOOLS OF GROUP COMMUNICATION AS EFFECTIVE MEANS OF FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

The current direction of improving the quality of education at the present stage is the use of new approaches, new learning tools that will better implement the possibilities of using group activities, interactive interaction in terms of remote communication between participants in the educational process. Interactive technologies allow to diversify forms of activity in class, promote the maximum activity of pupils and optimization of time at work on a joint task. The article analyzes the authors' research on the use of group interaction in the classroom in primary school. Possible approaches to the implementation of interactive interaction with the use of computer technology in primary school are considered, the advantages and features of the use of interactive educational online technologies in the organization of distance and blended learning are described. It is emphasized that the current realities of rapid technological progress in the development of Internet technologies in the context of blended learning necessitate changes in the practical training of future primary school teachers. It is time to update the content of educational programs for the training of specialists in the field of education and change the approaches to the teaching of computer science disciplines, in particular in the last courses of pedagogical universities. This led to the main direction of research – the formation of the content of the practical course of the discipline “Methods of teaching computer science” for students of pedagogical college, taking into account the specifics of future professional activities of primary school teachers. The peculiarities of preparation of future primary school teachers for the use of joint interaction services in future professional activity are investigated. The main direction of such training is described in the article − it is active involvement of students in the use of group interaction services both in performing the tasks of the practical course of computer science disciplines and in preparing and conducting lessons during pedagogical practice in schools. Examples of tasks for formation of skills of practical use of services of group activity, samples of use of such services by students-trainees during carrying out distance lessons in elementary school are offered. The article offers services that best allow you to implement the educational tasks of the course of computer science in primary school, gives examples of the use of online tools for interactive learning for the implementation of educational cooperation.
FORMATION OF READING SKILLS OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN BY MEANS OF GRAPHIC ORGANIZER

In the modern world, a person’s ability to read, perceive, analyze, interpret, transmit, use information, and express one’s own attitude becomes important. The formation of reading competence of junior schoolchildren is determined by one of the tasks of studying the language and literature education in primary school. Reading competence is considered as a multifaceted personal education, which characterizes the set of knowledge, skills, abilities, values of the reader, which allow to successfully interact with the text / work, to search for the necessary information. Reading skills are a component of reading competence. The purpose of the study is to theoretically analyze and highlight the practical aspects of the formation of reading skills of primary school students with the help of graphic organizers of reading. Research methods such as analysis of scientific sources, systematization and generalization of data to identify the state of the problem are used. According to the defined tasks of the research, the main groups of reading skills of junior schoolchildren that meet the requirements of the State Standard of Primary Education have been identified: possession of a fullfledged reading skill; perception and understanding of the actual content of read works of art, texts; analysis and interpretation of read works; expression of own feelings, attitude to the read work; creative work, experimentation with the work; independent choice of works for reading. It is established that in order to develop reading skills of junior students it is advisable to use cognitive visualization tools that help to present visual models, teach rational processing, analysis of information and its graphical representation, activate the thinking processes of students. Graphic organizers are a type of cognitive graphics, the essence of which is the development of combined cognitive models of knowledge representation, combining symbolic and graphic ways of presenting educational material. Graphic reading organizers are understood as ways of presenting information for its generalization, systematization, classification, analysis of a work of art / media text in graphical form on paper or monitor. It is determined that graphic organizers of reading stimulate, organize and direct the thinking process, help to evaluate and correct the process of own cognitive activity, allow to understand the theme, main idea, characters of the work, determine the sequence of events, genre of work, help express one’s attitude. Appropriate types of graphic organizers (maps, diagrams, tables, diagrams) for the development of reading skills related to the perception and understanding of what is read (tables «I know – I want to know – Learned / Learned», «I know – I do not know», the scheme «What? – Where? – When? – Who? – Why?», «Attitudes of the characters», «Basic information about the work», schemes «Changes», «Actions of the characters»), expression of their own attitudes, thoughts, emotions and feelings about what is read (tables «My thoughts», «My questions», «Emotions»).
THE TECHNOLOGICAL SECURING OF PROCESS IN THE FORMATION OF INFORMATIONAL CULTURE OF YOUNG TEEN-AGERS UNDER CONDITIONS OF A SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

The formation of information culture of young teen-agers is a new process in the educational work of a secondary school, which requires a certain, preplanned organization. Therefore, there is a need to elaborate such technological securing, which would not only be aimed at forming an information culture in young teen-agers, but would also contribute to achieving high results in it. Technological securing of the formation of information culture is a totality of forms and methods of educational work directed at the formation of information culture of young teen-agers in a secondary educational institution, and the equipment of this process by necessary material means, and as well a clear observance of the sequence in it, which guaranties the achievement of the set goals by a teacher. The purpose of our research is theoretical study and practical application of technological securing of the process in the formation of informational culture of secondary educational institution’s young teen-agers. Research methods: interactive methods and theoretical methods (deductive method, systematization method, method of generalization of research results). The core of technological securing of the formation of information culture of young teen-agers under conditions of a secondary educational institution was a comprehensive program «Journey into the world of information», which consists of eight classes (four classes – educational hours, and the other four classes – educational hours with training elements). For the formation of information culture at this age, we have used certain interactive methods and technologies for teaching information knowledge, namely: the method «Zigzag», the method «Fishbone», the method of brainstorming, and the RAFT-technology. We also for it applied the following interactive forms of education, such as: thematic holiday in the style of revue, web-quest, smart-mob, collage, speaker’s tournament, debate, express-training in the library, school’s IT-fest, virtual expedition, relay race of a knowledge, information crossword, thematic evening, case-study, KVN, contest of an advertising booklet and scribe-presentation. Thus, the set of interactive forms, methods and technologies proposed and implemented by us, under conditions of a secondary educational institution, which, in turn, formed the technological securing for the formation of information culture, allowed young teen-agers to acquire the basics knowledge of information culture.
Development of standard wave source for impulse current traceability

The accuracy of impulse current measurement directly affects the performance evaluation of lightning protection equipment, and is related to the safety and economy of power equipment operation. The premise of establishing the standard measurement system of impulse current to realize the traceability of the measurement value is to develop the standard measuring device of impulse current and the standard equipment for the traceability of the measurement value. The standard wave source and the impulse current source are used to calibrate the parameters of the impulse current scale for the digital recorder and the whole set of measuring devices. The 800V impulse voltage standard wave source is developed. The uncertainty of peak value measurement is 0.1% (k=2) and the uncertainty of time parameter measurement is 1.2% (k=2). It can be used for calibration of scale factor and time parameter of digital recorder.
Entanglement-assisted multiple-access channels: capacity regions and protocol designs

We solve the entanglement-assisted rate region of multiple-access channels, applicable to thermal-loss optical networks. Practical protocols based on spontaneous para-metric down-conversion source, phase modulation and optical parametric amplifiers are presented to benefit from entanglement [1].
Code Switching in Speaking Classroom Conversation: A Focus on Lecturer-Student Interaction at University of Muhammadiyah Malang

In learning English, one of the language skills that we need to learn is speaking.Yet, speaking in English is not easy since we have a lack of vocabulary and using English as our daily language is not our habit.These problems can cause miscommunication among the speaker and the listener.In order to minimize that possibility, the speaker can use code switching.The use of code switching during the classroom interaction is very helpful to make the teacher explain the material easier.In this research, the researcher analyses the students' perception toward the use of code switching by their speaking subject lecturers, and the reasons why the speaking subject lecturers use code switching during the teaching process.The research was conducted at English Department at University of Muhammadiyah Malang.The subjects of this research were the speaking subject lecturers and the students of the speaking class.The method of this research is sociolinguistic.The researcher used interviews to gain the data.The results show that mostly the students preferred their speaking subject lecturers to use full English during teaching process because it could improve their English ability.The students responded to their lecturers by using English as much as they could.It challenged them to speak fully in English.The speaking subject lecturers used code switching since they were not sure whether their students understood them if they spoke full English during the teaching process due to the students' English competence which was in intermediate level.
A Motion Vector Visualization Method on a Virtual Reality Screen - Preventing virtual reality sickness for architectural investigation

In the age of mass customization, virtual reality (VR) allows users to virtually visualize architecture from any viewpoint they prefer and to examine the design.It is important to evaluate the movement of the virtual camera to guarantee the quality of VR content in addition to preventing VR sickness.The development of rendering methods to visualize the speed of VR cameras has begun.However, the only absolute velocity values are insufficient because the amount of movement of objects close to the camera is large, and that of distant objects is small.Therefore, this research aims to develop a visualization method of relative velocities known as motion vectors on a VR screen.A prototype of a new rendering technique has been implemented and successfully applied to a VR application for design review of a complex building.There are two rendering methods to display a gradient in RGB colors and to give a motion blur effect.This function allows VR creators to understand where in the virtual world VR sickness is likely to occur.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS� SELF-EFFICACY AND ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS AT EIGHT GRADE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 09 BENGKULU TENGAH

The aims of this research are to know the correlation between students� self-efficacy and their speaking skill at first semester at eight grade junior high school 09 Bengkulu Tengah. In this research used a correlation research to find out the relationships between two or more variables studied without any attempt to influence them. This study has two variables, variable (X) is students Self-Efficacy and variable (Y) is speaking skill. The researcher was carried out at SMPN 09 Bengkulu Tengah. The population was first semester at eight grade of junior high school 09 Bengkulu Tengah, there were 128 students. Out of this population, 30 students were taken as sample. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The researcher used questionnaire to obtain the data of Self-Efficacy categories and speaking test to obtain data their speaking skill. To test correlation, the researcher uses two ways: calculating manually by using Pearson�s Correlation Prosuct Moment formula and by using SPSS program. From the calculation, the correlation coefficient is 0,864 (the value of rcount). The critical values of rtable on the significant level of 5% with N=30, and rtable = 0,361. It means that rcount was higher than rtable (0,864 &gt; 0,361). The hypothesis accepted in this research was the alternative (H1), while the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. The finding showed that there is a positive correlation between Students Self-efficacy and speaking skill.
Teachersâ€™ perception, plan, implementation and assessment of Letterland in teaching English vocabulary

Letterland is a child-friendly, multi-sensory system to teach English for children. It is highly a sophisticated teaching technique that combines stories with pictograms of letters. However, many teachers claimed to have difficulties in implementing it properly. This study aimed to investigate how teachers perceived, planned, implemented and assessed Letterland in teaching English vocabulary and analyzed the alignment and misalignment of teachersâ€™ perception, plan, implementation and asessment of Letterland. A case study as a part of qualitative research design was employed in this study. By using purposeful sampling technique, two English teachers from Star Kiddy Preschool Semarang were involved. There were four instruments to collect the data, namely questionnaire, interview, document analysis and classroom observation. The findings of this study revealed that the English teachers had positive responses to questionnaire data and interview data dealing with Letterland and its implementation. In addition, Letterland designed well in lesson plan by teachers. Nevertheless, Letterland technique was conducted less succesfully in the classroom. This was due to several problems such as limited time, lack of preparation and teachersâ€™ lack of creativity. Furthermore, as the implementation of teacherâ€™s assessment, it has already met the standard of assessment on curriculum PAUD 2013. At last, the alignment of those teachersâ€™ perception, plan and assessment toward Letterland were related to each other. Eventhough teacherâ€™s positive perception did not align with their implementation in the classroom. That was because teachers missed some stages that should be added in the classroom.
Controlling the C3 Super Class Linearization Algorithm for Large Hierarchies of Classes

C3 is an algorithm used by several widely used programming languages such as Python to support multiple inheritance in object oriented programming (OOP): for each class, C3 computes recursively a linear extension of the poset of all its super classes (the Method Resolution Order, MRO) from user-provided local information (an ordering of the direct super classes). This algorithm can fail if the local information is not consistent. For large hierarchies of classes, as encountered when modeling hierarchies of concepts from abstract algebra in the SageMath computational system, maintaining consistent local information by hand does not scale and leads to unpredictable C3 failures. This paper reports on the authors’ work to analyze and circumvent this maintenance nightmare. First, we discovered through extensive computer exploration that there exists posets admitting no consistent local information; we exhibit the smallest one which has 10 elements. Then, we provide and analyze an algorithm that, given a poset and a linear extension, automatically builds local information for C3 in such a way that guarantees that it will never fail, at the price of a slight relaxation of the hypotheses. This algorithm has been used in production in SageMath since 2013.
Detect, Understand, Act: A Neuro-Symbolic Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning Framework (Extended Abstract)

We introduce Detect, Understand, Act (DUA), a neuro-symbolic reinforcement learning framework. The Detect component is composed of a traditional computer vision object detector and tracker. The Act component houses a set of options, high-level actions enacted by pre-trained deep reinforcement learning (DRL) policies. The Understand component provides a novel answer set programming (ASP) paradigm for effectively learning symbolic meta-policies over options using inductive logic programming (ILP). We evaluate our framework on the Animal-AI (AAI) competition testbed, a set of physical cognitive reasoning problems. Given a set of pre-trained DRL policies, DUA requires only a few examples to learn a meta-policy that allows it to improve the state-of-the-art on multiple of the most challenging categories from the testbed. DUA constitutes the first holistic hybrid integration of computer vision, ILP and DRL applied to an AAI-like environment and sets the foundations for further use of ILP in complex DRL challenges.
Learning Sparse Interpretable Features For NAS Scoring From Liver Biopsy Images

Liver biopsy images play a key role in the diagnosis of global non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The NAFLD activity score (NAS) on liver biopsy images grades the amount of histological findings that reflect the progression of NAFLD. However, liver biopsy image analysis remains a challenging task due to its complex tissue structures and sparse distribution of histological findings. In this paper, we propose a sparse interpretable feature learning method (SparseX) to efficiently estimate NAS scores. First, we introduce an interpretable spatial sampling strategy based on histological features to effectively select informative tissue regions containing tissue alterations. Then, SparseX formulates the feature learning as a low-rank decomposition problem. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF)-based attributes learning is embedded into a deep network to compress and select sparse features for a small portion of tissue alterations contributing to diagnosis. Experiments conducted on the internal Liver-NAS and public SteatosisRaw datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of classification performance and interpretability. regions containing tissue alterations. Then, SparseX formulates the feature learning as a low-rank decomposition problem. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF)-based attributes learning is embedded into a deep network to compress and select sparse features for a small portion of tissue alterations contributing to diagnosis. Experiments conducted on the internal Liver-NAS and public SteatosisRaw datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of classification performance and interpretability.
Feature Dense Relevance Network for Single Image Dehazing

Existing learning-based dehazing methods do not fully use non-local information, which makes the restoration of seriously degraded region very tough. We propose a novel dehazing network by defining the Feature Dense Relevance module (FDR) and the Shallow Feature Mapping module (SFM). The FDR is defined based on multi-head attention to construct the dense relationship between different local features in the whole image. It enables the network to restore the degraded local regions by non-local information in complex scenes. In addition, the raw distant skip-connection easily leads to artifacts while it cannot deal with the shallow features effectively. Therefore, we define the SFM by combining the atmospheric scattering model and the distant skip-connection to effectively deal with the shallow features in different scales. It not only maps the degraded textures into clear textures by distant dependence, but also reduces artifacts and color distortions effectively. We introduce contrastive loss and focal frequency loss in the network to obtain a realitic and clear image. The extensive experiments on several synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that our network surpasses most of the state-of-the-art methods.
A Unified Framework for Intrinsic Evaluation of Word-Embedding Algorithms

Word embeddings are widely used in copious Natural Language Processing tasks, including semantic analysis, information retrieval, dependency parsing, question answering, and machine translation. This extensive use implies that the evaluation of the performance of such representations is crucial for choosing the best model to perform those tasks. Though there are well-established procedures and benchmarks for intrinsic evaluation, as far as we know, a unified method of evaluation that can merge the results of those tasks to provide a comprehensive evaluation is missing. The main goal of this work is to create a pipeline to blend all major intrinsic evaluation tasks to compute such overall evaluation - the PCE - of word embeddings.
EditSinger: Zero-Shot Text-Based Singing Voice Editing System with Diverse Prosody Modeling

Zero-shot text-based singing editing enables singing voice modification based on the given edited lyrics without any additional data from the target singer. However, due to the different demands, challenges occur when applying existing speech editing methods to singing voice editing task, mainly including the lack of systematic consideration concerning prosody in insertion and deletion, as well as the trade-off between the naturalness of pronunciation and the preservation of prosody in replacement. In this paper we propose EditSinger, which is a novel singing voice editing model with specially designed diverse prosody modules to overcome the challenges above. Specifically, 1) a general masked variance adaptor is introduced for the comprehensive prosody modeling of the inserted lyrics and the transition of deletion boundary; and 2) we further design a fusion pitch predictor for replacement. By disentangling the reference pitch and fusing the predicted pronunciation, the edited pitch can be reconstructed, which could ensure a natural pronunciation while preserving the prosody of the original audio. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, it is the first zero-shot text-based singing voice editing system. Our experiments conducted on the OpenSinger prove that EditSinger can synthesize high-quality edited singing voices with natural prosody according to the corresponding operations.