Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Service Quality Loss-aware Privacy Protection Mechanism in Edge-Cloud IoTs

With the continuous development of edge computing, the application scope of mobile crowdsourcing (MCS) is constantly increasing. The distributed nature of edge computing can transmit data at the edge of processing to meet the needs of low latency. The trustworthiness of the third-party platform will affect the level of privacy protection, because managers of the platform may disclose the information of workers. Anonymous servers also belong to third-party platforms. For unreal third-party platforms, this paper recommends that workers first use the localized differential privacy mechanism to interfere with the real location information, and then upload it to an anonymous server to request services, called the localized differential anonymous privacy protection mechanism (LDNP). The two privacy protection mechanisms further enhance privacy protection, but exacerbate the loss of service quality. Therefore, this paper proposes to give corresponding compensation based on the authenticity of the location information uploaded by workers, so as to encourage more workers to upload real location information. Through comparative experiments on real data, the LDNP algorithm not only protects the location privacy of workers, but also maintains the availability of data. The simulation experiment verifies the effectiveness of the incentive mechanism.
An Approach for Artificial Addition of Rain in Videos

This paper contains a real-time novel approach for addition of rain synthetically in videos. The visual properties of the rain drops have been analyzed spatiotemporally. The darkening effects are considered in a more simplified way such that the appearance looks realistic. Also, the wind direction is considered along with blurring and darkening effect to make the video a real one. This rain simulation algorithm may be helpful for any rain removal algorithm used for automatic driver assistance systems as a ground truth. This can also be treated as game for rain rendering in videos.
Upper Tail Analysis of Bucket Sort and Random Tries

Bucket Sort is known to run in expected linear time when the input keys are distributed independently and uniformly at random in the interval [0, 1). The analysis holds even when a quadratic time algorithm is used to sort the keys in each bucket. We show how to obtain linear time guarantees on the running time of Bucket Sort that hold with very high probability. Specifically, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of the exponent in the upper tail probability of the running time of Bucket Sort. We consider large additive deviations from the expectation, of the form cn for large enough (constant) c, where n is the number of keys that are sorted.Our analysis shows a profound difference between variants of Bucket Sort that use a quadratic time algorithm within each bucket and variants that use a \(\varTheta (b\log b)\) time algorithm for sorting b keys in a bucket. When a quadratic time algorithm is used to sort the keys in a bucket, the probability that Bucket Sort takes cn more time than expected is exponential in \(\varTheta (\sqrt{n}\log n)\). When a \(\varTheta (b\log b)\) algorithm is used to sort the keys in a bucket, the exponent becomes \(\varTheta (n)\). We prove this latter theorem by showing an upper bound on the tail of a random variable defined on tries, a result which we believe is of independent interest. This result also enables us to analyze the upper tail probability of a well-studied trie parameter, the external path length, and show that the probability that it deviates from its expected value by an additive factor of cn is exponential in \(\varTheta (n)\).
Modeling measurement situation in intelligent information and measurement system to determine thermo-physical properties of materials

Abstract Definition of thermo-physical properties in different thermal conductivity ranges of solid materials causes the need to consider numerous affecting factors, to create an information environment and model the measurement situation in the operation of intelligent information and measurement system. The purpose of the study is to reduce the measurement error of thermo-physical properties in materials. This problem is relevant and important in the process of controlling the reference parameters of products at the manufacturers. A theoretical framework for modeling the measurement situation is developed. This includes a conceptual model for the formation of the measurement situation, and a model of the research object domain. A mathematical model of the measurement situation and the methodology of its development is created. The problem of selecting the type of measurement situation in the range of investigated materials in terms of thermal conductivity is solved. The risk calculation algorithm of forming a measurement situation in an intelligent information and measurement system for determining the thermo-physical properties of materials is developed.
WITHDRAWN: Reinforced sand bed bearing capacity prediction in presence of cyclic &amp; monotonic loading

Technique of reinforcing soil beds it was very common & old method for enhancing load keeping capability of soil & decreasing settlement. Whatever, method has been not adopted totally, as in past there has been rare researches available including this technique of design & analysis. So soil reinforcement communication should analyse properly. Possibility of technique for assuming bearing capacity enhance underground of reinforced sandy has examined through user utilizing test executed in different test situations. In the present investigation, total four different types of reinforcing materials have been used. Four model circular footings of various internal diameters are been used for investigating affect of annular ratio on bearing capability of the sand bed along different reinforcing conditions. Model plate load test have been performed under monotonic & cyclic loading in three series which are mentioned for Monotonic plate load tests on a ring footing resting on sand beds reinforced along Geogrid-Netlon-CE121 as reinforcing material- Fifteen numbers, Cyclic plate-load tests along Geogrid-Netlon-CE121 as reinforcing material - Fifteen numbers, Monotonic plate-load tests along Geo-jute as reinforcing material - Nine numbers, Cyclic plate-load tests along Geo-jute as reinforcing material - Nine numbers.
Clinical Assistant Analysis of Color Doppler Ultrasound in Diagnosis Parameters of Chronic Heart Failure

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a group of clinical syndromes caused by changes in myocardial structure and function caused by any reason, leading to ventricular filling and ejection disorders. It is the final stage of the development of various cardiovascular diseases. It is a progressive disease. Once it starts, even if there is no new myocardial damage, the clinic is still in a stable stage, and it can still continue to develop on its own. This article uses the comprehensive parameters of echocardiography to evaluate the overall heart function of patients with chronic heart failure, and evaluates the treatment effect of patients with chronic heart failure. A total of 160 patients with chronic heart failure were studied, including 80 cases in the follow-up group, 40 cases in the non-follow-up group, and 40 cases in the normal control group. The heart failure ultrasound index composed of the comprehensive parameters of echocardiography was used to measure brain natriureric pepride (BNP), and the heart function was graded. The results showed that when the heart failure ultrasound index value &gt;3, the diagnosis of symptomatic chronic heart failure had a sensitivity of 94.7%, a specificity of 94.6%, a positive predictive value of 97.8%, and a negative predictive value of 80.6%. The heart failure ultrasound index was positively correlated with plasma BNP and NYHA heart function (respectively 0.68, 0.73). After 6 months of observation, the ultrasound index of heart failure in the follow-up group decreased significantly before and after treatment. The experimental results show that the heart failure ultrasound index can be used to guide the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure, evaluate the treatment effect, and evaluate the prognosis. Appropriate health education and standardized medication can improve the treatment effect of chronic heart failure and improve the quality of life of patients.
Eye Gaze Estimation using Imperceptible Marker Presented on High-Speed Display

Advanced eye-tracking methods require a dedicated display equipped with near-infrared LEDs (light-emitting diodes). However, this requirement hinders the widespread adoption of such methods. Additionally, some glints may pass undetected when a large display is employed. To avoid these problems, we propose eye gaze estimation using imperceptible markers presented on a commercially available high-speed display. The marker reference points reflected on the cornea are extracted instead of glints, and the point-of-gaze can be estimated using the cross-ratio method. The accuracy of the estimated point-of-gaze was approximately 1.64 degrees, as verified from experimental evaluations of the estimation using a high-speed display.
Image Steganography

Steganography is the process used hide the existence of information during transmission. Cover mediums like text, image, audio, and video protocols are used to hide the secret information. This process helps to provide secret communication between two parties. As data is unknown, it is challenging to attract the attention of any third parties. Therefore, steganography becomes the best and most secure method for data transmission. Digital images are the most common cover media or carriers in steganographic processes, where the secret payload is embedded into images. Several techniques are coming under image steganography, and there includes a different method to ensure the secrecy of messages. This chapter gives an overview of the different commonly used techniques in this area and the latest existing image steganography methods and the comparison of techniques.
Digitalization of environmental education is the trend of its modernization and reform

Over time, the education system around the world has undergone dramatic changes. The traditional education system no longer meets today’s complex needs, where everything is dynamic and evolving at a very rapid pace. In today’s world, a huge number of transformations take place in every nanosecond. Therefore, a new, modern way of learning is needed to systematically cope with such transformations arising from the creation of vast amounts of information. Thus, to address the shortcomings of the traditional education system, the world is moving towards digital education, which solves all the problems and challenges of traditional education. The authors present a comprehensive analysis of the processes of digitalization of education, most actively proceeding in the modern world. The formation of the knowledge society and the digital stage of modern civilizational culture is still a continuous process, which itself is experiencing serious internal contradictions and problems, especially in our country. One of the serious obstacles to the modernization of education is the mismatch between the speed of educational resources and the rate at which the digitalization of the educational process itself is taking place, which is still very low. Education reform is presented in the article by the example of various forms of educational and extracurricular activities aimed at the active use of digital educational resources, including the citywide electronic journal and diary, which has been used for several years in many schools in Russia.
Greatest common divisor and its applications in security: Case study

In this paper, we explain the importance and applications of the Greatest Common Divisor(GCD) in the field of security. GCD of two numbers is the greatest divisor that ultimately divides these two numbers. The paper initially discusses four standard algorithms used in calculating GCD: Euclidean Algorithm, Binary GCD algorithm, Dijkstra's algorithm, and Lehmer's algorithm. We then analyze the various GCD applications in computer security. Some applications like generating modular multiplicative inverse are used in various cryptographic algorithms, reducing public keys' disclosure within closed groups, the importance of GCD in cryptographic algorithms, key refreshment message authentication, and peer validation. In the end, we cover the effects arising due to not proper use of GCD according to the algorithms stated in this paper, and how a poor choice of prime numbers that we use to compute the GCD and miscalculation of GCD can affect the computer security.
Knowledge Transfer for Heterogeneous Robots based on KL Divergence Regularization between Model Parameters

This paper presents a novel knowledge transfer method for heterogeneous robot systems. Leveraging a learned model of a robot, another robot improves its learning efficacy. A main problem we tackled is to overcome discrepancy of inputs/outputs in the two systems. We introduce a method to extend neural-network model inspired by Net2Net; and derive regularization term based on Kullback-Leibler divergence between the model parameter distributions to stabilize learning process. Simulation of transferring a learned 6 DoF manipulator model to a 7 DoF manipulator model demonstrated that our method can improve sample efficiency of reinforcement learning to optimize control law of the 7 DoF manipulator.
Speeding up CSIDH using parallel computation of isogeny

Isogeny-based cryptography is a promising candidate for post-quantum cryptography. CSIDH is a Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol based on isogeny with a small public key size and is secure against a quantum computer. However, one of the problems is that it takes a long time to compute the group action corresponding to the secret key. Several efficiency improvements have already been studied, such as the SIMBA technique by Meyer, Campos, and Reith, and the two-point method by Onuki, Aikawa, Yamazaki, and Takagi. In this paper, we propose parallel computation method for the isogeny in CSIDH, which speeds up the computation of the isogeny from O(d) to O(logd), where d = (ℓ-1)/2 and ℓ is the degree of the isogeny.
Formation of spiritual culture and environmentally responsible human behavior

The spiritual sphere of the society is a system of relations between people, reflecting the spiritual and moral life of a society, represented by such subsystems as culture, science, religion, morality, ideology, art. The significance of the spiritual sphere is determined by its most important, priority function of determining the value-normative system of a society, which, in its turn, reflects the level of development of public consciousness and the intellectual and moral potential of a society as a whole. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the sociocultural changes taking place in a society associated with the formation of a new type of sociality in Kyrgyzstan. In a society that has moved to a different stage of socio-historical development, the role of the spiritual sphere of society changes significantly. In the conditions of the existence of worldview pluralism and the complication of social reality, the need to reflect on society as a “field” for the implementation of various intentions of spiritual life is actualized. The formation of a new social reality of a society in the process of transition to market relations is associated with negative processes of spiritual impoverishment of citizens, gradually forgetting about their historical roots.
Multi-user Gaze-based Interaction Techniques on Collaborative Touchscreens

Eye-gaze is a technology for implicit, fast, and hands-free input for a variety of use cases, with the majority of techniques focusing on single-user contexts. In this work, we present an exploration into gaze techniques of users interacting together on the same surface. We explore interaction concepts that exploit two states in an interactive system: 1) users visually attending to the same object in the UI, or 2) users focusing on separate targets. Interfaces can exploit these states with increasing availability of eye-tracking. For example, to dynamically personalise content on the UI to each user, and to provide a merged or compromised view on an object when both users’ gaze are falling upon it. These concepts are explored with a prototype horizontal interface that tracks gaze of two users facing each other. We build three applications that illustrate different mappings of gaze to multi-user support: an indoor map with gaze-highlighted information, an interactive tree-of-life visualisation that dynamically expands on users’ gaze, and a worldmap application with gaze-aware fisheye zooming. We conclude with insights from a public deployment of this system, pointing toward the engaging and seamless ways how eye based input integrates into collaborative interaction.
Handling Quantity in Variability Models for System-of-Systems

Problem: Modern systems contain parts that are themselves systems. Such complex systems thus have sets of subsystems that have their own variability. These subsystems contribute to the functionality of a whole system-of-systems (SoS). Such systems have a very high degree of variability. Therefore, a modeling technique for the variability of an entire SoS is required to express two different levels of variability: variability of the SoS as a whole and variability of subsystems. If these levels are described together, the model becomes hard to understand. When the variability model of the SoS is described separately, each variability model is represented by a tree structure and these models are combined in a further tree structure. For each node in a variability model, a quantity is assigned to express the multiplicity of its instances per one instance of its parent node. Quantities of the whole system may refer to the number of subsystem instances in the system. From the viewpoint of the entire system, constraints and requirements written in natural language are often ambiguous regarding the quantities of subsystems. Such ambiguous constraints and requirements may lead to misunderstandings or conflicts in an SoS configuration. Approach: A separate notion is proposed for variability of an SoS; one model considers the SoS as an undivided entity, while the other considers it as a combination of subsystems. Moreover, a domain-specific notation is proposed to express relationships among the variability properties of systems, to solve the ambiguity of quantities and establish the total validity. This notation adapts an approach, named Pincer Movement, which can then be used to automatically deduce the quantities for the constraints and requirements. Validation: The descriptive capability of the proposed notation was validated with four examples of cloud providers. In addition, the proposed method and description tool were validated through a simple experiment on describing variability models with real practitioners.
Guided Exploration

Many monitoring tools that help developers in analyzing the run-time behavior of their applications share a common shortcoming: they require their users to have a fair amount of experience in monitoring applications to understand the used terminology and the available analysis features. Consequently, novice users who lack this knowledge often struggle to use these tools efficiently. In this paper, we introduce the guided exploration (GE) method that aims to make interactive monitoring tools easier to use and learn. In general, tools that implement GE should provide four support operations on each analysis step: they should automatically (1) detect and (2) highlight the most important information on the screen, (3) explain why it is important, and (4) suggest which next steps are appropriate. This way, tools guide users through their analysis processes, helping them to explore the root cause of a problem. At the same time, users learn the capabilities of the tool and how to use them efficiently. We show how GE can be implemented in new monitoring tools as well as how it can be integrated into existing ones. To demonstrate GE's feasibility and usefulness, we present how we extended the memory monitoring tool AntTracks to provided guided exploration support during memory leak analysis and memory churn analysis. We use these guidances in two user scenarios to inspect and improve the memory behavior of the monitored applications. We hope that our contribution will help usability researchers and developers in making monitoring tools more novice-friendly by improving their usability and learnability.
I know you are looking to me: Enabling eye-gaze communication between small children and parents with visual impairments

Eye-gaze interaction is a relevant mean of communication from the early infancy. The bonding between infants and their care-takers is Strengthened through eye contact. Parents with visual impairments are excluded of this type of interaction with their children. Thus, nowadays computer vision technologies allow to track eye-gaze with different purposes, even users with visual impairments are enable to recognize faces. This work starts from the following research question: Can current available eye tracking solutions aid parents with visual impairments to have eye-gaze interaction with their young infants children?
MTGAN: Extending Test Case set for Deep Learning Image Classifier

During the recent several years, deep learning has achieved excellent results in image recognition, voice processing, and other research areas, which has set off a new upsurge of research and application. Internal defects and external malicious attacks may threaten the safe and reliable operation of a deep learning system and even cause unbearable consequences. The technology of testing deep learning systems is still in its infancy. Traditional software testing technology is not applicable to test deep learning systems. In addition, the characteristics of deep learning such as complex application scenarios, the high dimensionality of input data, and poor interpretability of operation logic bring new challenges to the testing work. This paper focuses on the problem of test case generation and points out that adversarial examples can be used as test cases. Then the paper proposes MTGAN which is a framework to generate test cases for deep learning image classifiers based on Generative Adversarial Network. Finally, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of MTGAN.
Information retrieval evaluation in knowledge acquisition tasks

The Cranfield Paradigm is a widely adopted and the de-facto standard approach to the evaluation of IR systems. However, this approach does not inherently support situations in which the user is acquiring knowledge (is learning) during an information seeking session consisting of the submission of a sequence of queries into an information retrieval system. More specifically, during a situation in which the retrieval of a particular document at the beginning of a session can be considered not relevant (due to the user's lack of knowledge), while it can be considered relevant at a later point in the session (once the user acquired all required prerequisite knowledge). In this position paper, we reflect on the limitations of the Cranfield Paradigm in the context of knowledge acquisition tasks and propose several alternatives. These alternatives are based on the notion of evaluating a session consisting of a sequence of individual queries created to address a specific information need as part of a knowledge acquisition task.