Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
تصور مقترح لاستحداث دور الموجه البيداغوجي وأثر ذلک في تعزيز القدرات الإبداعية لدى طلاب التعليم العام من وجهة نظر معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية A proposed concept for creating a pedagogical mentor position and its effect on enhancing the creative capabilities of general education students from the point of view of the elementary school teacher

سعت الدراسة إلى وضع تصور مقترح لاستحداث دور الموجه البيداغوجي وأثر ذلک في تعزيز القدرات الإبداعية لدى طلاب التعليم العام، من أجل ذلک تم استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي على عينة مکونة من 395 معلما ومعلمة من معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن متوسط استجابات العينة بلغ (3.7) وهي درجة مرتفعة، وتراوحت متوسطات محاور الاستبانة بين (3.4-3.9) وکلها قيم مرتفعة؛ حيث جاء المحور الثالث المتعلق بتفعيل معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية لاستراتيجيات تنمية القدرات الإبداعية لدى الطلاب أولا بمتوسط وقدره (3.94) وهي درجة مرتفعة، ثم جاء المحور السادس المتعلق بکيفية استحداث دور الموجه البيداغوجي في المدرسة من وجهة نظر معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية ثانيا بمتوسط وقدره (3.9) وهي درجة مرتفعة، ثم المحور الأول المتعلق بأهمية الموجه البيداغوجي في تعزيز القدرات الإبداعية لدى طلاب المرحلة الابتدائية ثالثا بمتوسط وقدره (3.89) وهي درجة مرتفعة أيضا، ثم جاء المحور الخامس المتعلق ب کيفية التغلب على معوقات استحداث دور الموجه البيداغوجي في المدرسة من وجهة نظر معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية رابعا بمتوسط وقدره (3.73) وهي درجة مرتفعة، ثم جاء المحور الثاني المتعلق بدور الموجه البيداغوجي في تعزيز القدرات الإبداعية لدى طلاب المرحلة الابتدائية خامسا بمتوسط وقدره (3.5) وهي درجة مرتفعة، ثم جاء المحور الرابع المتعلق بمعوقات استحداث دور الموجه البيداغوجي في المدرسة من وجهة نظر معلمي المرحلة الابتدائية سادسا بمتوسط وقدره (3.43) وهي درجة مرتفعة، وفي ضوء النتائج قدمت التوصيات والمقترحاتThe study sought to develop a proposed conception to create the role of the pedagogical guide and its effect on enhancing the creativity of general education students. For this, the researcher used the descriptive analytical method on a sample of 395 teachers from primary school teachers, and the study found that the average of the sample responses reached (3.7) which is a high degree, and the averages of the axes of the questionnaire ranged between (3.4-3.9), all of which are high values. Related to how the role of the pedagogical counselor was created in the school from the point of view of primary school teachers, second with an average of (3.9), which is a high degree, Then the first axis related to the importance of the pedagogical guide in enhancing the creativity of elementary school students, third with an average of (3.89), which is also a high degree, then came the fifth axis related to how to overcome the obstacles of creating the role of the pedagogical guide in the school from the point of view of primary school teachers Fourth with an average The value of (3.73), which is a high degree, then came the second axis related to the role of the pedagogical counselor in enhancing the creativity of elementary school students, and the fifth with an average of (3.5), which is a high degree. The primary stage is sixth, with an average of (3.43), which is a high degree, and in light of the results, recommendations and suggestions were made.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN TEKNIK THINK TALK WRITE (TTW) BERBANTUAN MEDIA GAMBAR BERSERI TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS PROSEDUR SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 11 PADANG

ABSTRACT This purpose of this study is three. First, describing the procedure of writing text for students of class VII in Junior High School 11 Padang before using the Think Talk Write (TTW) technique by the media of serial images. Secondly, describing the procedure of writing text for students of class VII in Junior High School 11 Padang after using the TTW technique by the media of serial images. Third, analyzing the effect of the use of TTW techniqueby the media of serial images on the skills of writing procedure text for students of class VII in Junior High School 11 Padang. This type of research is quantitative research with one group pretest and posttest design experimental methods. There are three results of this study. First, the procedure of writing text in the seventh grade of Junior High School 11 Padang before using the TTW technique by the media of serial images is of good qualification (B) with an average value of 76,95 (under of minimal completeness criteria). Second, the procedure of writing text in the seventh grade of Junior High School 11 Padang after using the TTW technique by the media of serial images is of good qualification (B) with an average grade of 81,51 (above of minimal completeness criteria). Third, based on the t-test, H1 is accepted at the 95% confidence level and dk= (n1 as a numerator and n2 as denominator) because tcount&gt;ttable (2,39&gt;1,70). Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Teknik TTW, Media Gambar Berseri, Teks Prosedur
FINANCING GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE IN ADDIS ABABA CITY, ETHIOPIA

The importance of green infrastructure for human health, recreation, response to climate change, as a means of protecting natural habitats and biodiversity is recognized worldwide.Due to this importance green infrastructure need to be accessible to all people uniformly at the required quantity and quality.However the green infrastructure in Addis Ababa city is inadequate.This study focuses on the financing green infrastructure development and maintenance, as finance is one of the critical.To conduct this study a descriptive type of research was designed by applying mixed research approach.The data were collected from both primary and secondary sources using face to face interviews with six officials, and reviewed of the organization reports and other records.The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the qualitative data were narrated systematically.Then the result of the study shows that the current green infrastructure status of the city is 0.25 squares meter per person and with poor quality, though the national and world health organization standard is 15 and 9 square meters per person respectively.The major reasons for the inadequacy includes; the city government weak commitment, shortage of finance and weak performances of the agency.Financing for green infrastructure was obtained mainly from public sources and only lesser amounts were obtained from private businesses and households.There was almost no new source of finance used over time.Therefore study found the potential sources of finance such as participation of stakeholders, service charges, revenue from sponsorship and the management of sports facilities, cafeteria, restaurants, and shops among others.Hence, this study suggests that the agency and city administration should look into the new innovative sources of finance such as that identified in the study results.
Measuring Positive and Negative Association of Apriori Algorithm with Cosine Correlation Analysis

This work aims to see the positive association rules and negative association rules in the Apriori algorithm by using cosine correlation analysis. The default and the modified Association Rule Mining algorithm are implemented against the mushroom database to find out the difference of the results. The experimental results showed that the modified Association Rule Mining algorithm could generate negative association rules. The addition of cosine correlation analysis returns a smaller amount of association rules than the amounts of the default Association Rule Mining algorithm. From the top ten association rules, it can be seen that there are different rules between the default and the modified Apriori algorithm. The difference of the obtained rules from positive association rules and negative association rules strengthens to each other with a pretty good confidence score.
Ethics In Knowledge Management As A Research Agenda

Knowledge Management is the process of capturing, distributing and distributing knowledge effectively. In the last few decades with the rise in information technology and advances in Knowledge Management, ethics in knowledge management is one of the important areas to be researched. The present study uses the Scopus database to analyze the research trends in this area. The findings highlighted that there are less than 10% studies in the area of knowledge management and ethics. The study finding has shown that although there is a rise in the studies in this area, the ethics in knowledge management is one area which needs to be explored.
Exploring Non-finite Verbs of the English Language

Non-finite verbs such as infinitive, gerund, and participle are a type of tense that is widely used in written and spoken languages, and are actively used to convey the differences between their meanings in various texts.This paper evaluates that the study of non-finite verbs which frequently appears in school grammar readings) should be worthwhile), and a study conducted) on clauses that encompass to-infective, bare infinitive, -ing participle, and past participle.Existing studies had a limitation in that they did not comprehensively review the non-finite clause itself, focusing on the method of only teaching the tense.Based on the results of the study, it was intended to suggest the direction that English teachers should pursue for efficient learning of infinitive, gerund, and participle for learners in the future.Therefore, in this study, the theoretical framework of the literature research method was used for reviewing and analyzing it as a whole to analyze the characteristics, forms and functions of the non-finite clause, and the relationship between the tense and the aspect.In particular we focused on analyzing the non-finite clause by comparing the infinitive, gerund, and participle, while focusing on the fact that non-tensed verbs forms are related to each other.
An optimal method for enhancing the generation of machine code from natural language data set

Natural language processing is a very active area of research and development, there is not a single agreed upon a method that would satisfy everyone for the use of natural language to operate electronic devices or other practical applications. But there are some aspects used from many years in the formulation and solution of computational problem arising in natural language processing. This paper describes a model in which numerical values are assigned to word of natural language speech data set to convert the information present in natural language speech data set into an intermediate numeric form as a structured data set. The intermediated numerical values of each word will be used for generation of machine code which will be easily understand by electronic devices to draw inferences from data set. The designed model is useful for a number of practical applications and very simple to implement.
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of the Class-reversed Sampling in Tail Sample Memorization

Long-tailed visual recognition poses significant challenges to traditional machine learning and emerging deep networks due to its inherent class imbalance. A common belief is that tail classes with few samples cannot exhibit enough regularity for pattern extraction. What makes things worse, the limited cardinality may lead to low exposure of tail classes in the training stage. Re-sampling methods, especially those who naively enlarge the exposure frequency, eventually fail with head classes under-represented and tail classes overfitted. Arguing that long-tailed learning involves a trade-off between head class pattern extraction and tail class memorizing, we first empirically identify the regularity of classes under long-tailed distributions and find that regularity of the same training samples will be sharply decreased with the reduction of class cardinality. Motivated by the recent success of a series works on the memorization-generalization mechanism, we propose a simple yet effective training strategy by switching from instance-balanced sampling to class-reversed sampling to memorize tail classes without seriously damaging the representation of head classes. Closely after- wards, we give the theoretical generalization error upper bound to prove that class- reversed sampling is better than instance-balanced sampling during the last train- ing stage. In our experiments, the proposed method can reach the state-of-the-art performance more efficiently than current methods, on several datasets. Further experiments also validate the superior performance of the proposed sampling strategy, implying that the long-tailed learning trade-off could be effectively tackled only in the memorization stage with a small learning rate and over-exposure of tail samples.
The Development of Enrichment Book of Writing Negotiation Texts: The 21st Century’s Competencies of Senior High School Students

The enrichment book is one of the supporting tools of learning activities directed in developing of students’ knowledge, insights, and skills. The purpose of this research is to describe the profile and acceptability of the development of enrichment book in writing negotiation texts based on the 21st century’s competencies that are in appropriate with the students’ and educators’ needs. This research was conducted by seven stages that used a research and development design. The seven stages are (1) potential and problems, (2) information and data collection, (3) design of book’s profile, (4) validation test (5) revision (6) limited trial, and (7) final revision. The result of this research is a development of enrichment book for writing negotiation texts that is compiled with 21st century’s competencies (4C) which is directed at 21stcentury learning. The negotiation text that is developed contains of the 21st century’s competencies aspects, namely critical-thinking, creative, communicative, and collaborative. The acceptability of enrichment books for educators and students is an enrichment book that helps them understand and increase their knowledge of the materials in writing negotiation texts, and the presentation of enrichment book is adjusted to students’ characteristics and their development level. The theoretical benefits of this research can be used as an alternative theory in developing an enrichment book that is customized to the need of 21st century’s students. The practical benefit can be used as a guide-book for the educators.
The power of quantum complexity

A theorem about computations that exploit quantum mechanics challenges longstanding ideas in mathematics and physics.
Correction to: Machine Learning to Analyze Single-Case Data: A Proof of Concept

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40614-021-00280-4
Relationship of Population Configuration with Enrollment of Children at Primary Level of District Bannu

The Problem under study was the relationship of population composition with enrollment of children at primary level. The study was significant because we can make forecasting of educational plans keeping in view the relationship. All the Primary School of the District Bannu was included in the population for the study. The sample was 05 Urban Male School, 05 Urban Female School, 05 Rural Male School, and 05 Rural Female School. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Through this questionnaire data was collected regarding schools from 2013 to 2019 in different classes. The null hypothesis that there is no relationship between the population composition and enrollment was tested. The result shows that the correlation between the enrollment and the population growth is 0.98. It is high correlation which indicates the strong relationship between the number of enrollments of student and population
THE MEANING OF THE LITERARY TEXT – READER’S INDIVIDUAL ACT

The relationship between a literary text and a reader, and especially the triad the author – the text – the reader are complex phenomena that have been studied from different perspectives in the science of literature. However, the least attention has been paid to the reader as an important, if not the most important factor in the process of successfully revealing numerous potential meanings of the literary text. Only at the beginning of the 20th century did the reader become a significant component in the interpretation of the text. Many scientific disciplines have become interested in the reader, while his emotional sensitivity, motivation to read, depth of experience and level of mental engagement have become crucial for all possible meanings of the text. The reader becomes the key element in the process of understanding the text, whose dedication and level of reception and the future fate of the text will depend on. Starting from Ingarden’s claim that there are two different phases of interpreting a literary text (while-reading and post-reading phase), and having in mind the need to educate a true, dedicated, realistic reader, this paper highlights the importance of good motivation for experiencing and understanding a text as a prerequisite for nurturing a literary taste, developing the emotional sensitivity and individuality of a person from an early age. Understanding a literary text, whether by listening or reading, implies a mentally active recipient who is fully engaged in both phases and in direct contact with the text, and he discovers, interprets and re-creates the literary text based on his personal experience, while at the same time advancing himself spiritually, aesthetically and emotionally with new meanings that the text radiates. That is why the approach to a literary text should always be open-minded and new, it should look for unexpected, original answers that are an expression of the reader’s individual experience.
Addressing Extrapolation Error in Deep Offline Reinforcement Learning

Reinforcement learning (RL) encompasses both online and offline regimes. Unlike its online counterpart, offline RL agents are trained using logged-data only, without interaction with the environment. Therefore, offline RL is a promising direction for real-world applications, such as healthcare, where repeated interaction with environments is prohibitive. However, since offline RL losses often involve evaluating state-action pairs not well-covered by training data, they can suffer due to the errors introduced when the function approximator attempts to extrapolate those pairs' value. These errors can be compounded by bootstrapping when the function approximator overestimates, leading the value function to *grow unbounded*, thereby crippling learning. In this paper, we introduce a three-part solution to combat extrapolation errors: (i) behavior value estimation, (ii) ranking regularization, and (iii) reparametrization of the value function. We provide ample empirical evidence on the effectiveness of our method, showing state of the art performance on the RL Unplugged (RLU) ATARI dataset. Furthermore, we introduce new datasets for bsuite as well as partially observable DeepMind Lab environments, on which our method outperforms state of the art offline RL algorithms.
Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Konstruk Dukungan Sosial Menggunakan SEM

The purpose of this study is to test the validity and reliability of social support construction using SEM. The subjects of this study were 83 private high school students in Beringin Regency. The scale of this study uses a social support scale created by researchers developed from Smet (2004). The scale is arranged in the form of a Likert scale based on its aspects, totaling 24 statements with 4 answer choices. The scale was analyzed using SEM AMOS software version 24. The results of social studies provided to students helped improve the success of completing school
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN TEKS EKSPOSISI DAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPOSISI SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 2 PAINAN

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is three. First, describing reading skills understanding the exposition text of class X students at SMA Negeri 2 Painan. Second, describing the exposition text writing skills of Grade X students in SMA Negeri 2 Painan, describing the correlation of reading skills in the text comprehension exposition and the writing text skills for grade X students of SMA Negeri 2 Painan. This type of research is quantitative with descriptive method. The design used is correlational design. The study population was grade X students of SMA Negeri 2 Painan who were enrolled in the 2018/2019 school year, which was 354 students. The study sample was determined by proportional random sampling of 15% of the population, namely 54 students. The research data is in the form of a reading skill test score understanding of the exposition text and the score of writing skills the text exposition. There are two instruments for this research, namely objective tests to measure reading skills, comprehension of text exposition and performance tests to measure for writing text skills. Text comprehension exposition, and writing skills in class X students of SMA Negeri 2 Painan at the real level (α) of 95% with n-1 freedom degrees in other words if the reading skills of students exposition text comprehension are good, then students' writing skills are also good. Conversely, if the reading skills of students exposition text comprehension are bad then the students' writing exposition text skills are also bad. Kata kunci : Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman, Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksposisi
The use of computer technology in primary school

The task, related to the use of computer technologies in the educational process, starting from primary school, is the implementation of psychological preparation of students for life in the information society, in which, using modern information and communication technologies, everyone can learn and find something new and interesting for themselves. After all, it is a reliable means of orientation both in certain areas of science and in the modern world as a whole. Key words: technology, computer, training, lesson, teacher
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS DESKRIPSI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 25 PADANG

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is three. First, it describes the writing skills of the description text of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang. Second, describe the reading comprehension skills of the VII grade students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang. Third, analyze the correlation between reading comprehension and description text skills with the writing skills of the VII grade students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang. This type of research is quantitative research with descriptive methods. The design (design) in this study is correlational. By using simple random sampling technique, the sample in this study amounted to 48 students. The research instrument was an objective test to measure comprehension reading skills and performance tests to measure description writing skills. The conclusion of this research is thirteen. First, the description writing skills of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang are in good qualifications. Second, reading comprehension text skills of the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang are in good qualifications. Third, there is a significant relationship between reading comprehension text description skills and writing text description of students in grade VII of SMP Negeri 25 Padang at n-1 degrees of freedom and a significant level of 95%. H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted because the test results prove that the value is greater than t table (2,468&gt; 1.68). Kata Kunci : Korelasi, Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman, Keterampilan Menulis Teks Deskripsi