Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional Ways of Shaping Language

What shapes language? In the past period, significant progress has been made in interdisciplinary research on this issue. as shaped by the brain[1] demonstrates the proposition in the article Language as shaped by the brain, not the other way around. While in this paper, we first review some of the ideas and results presented by Christiansen and Chater, focusing on the specific role of the brain in shaping language. Then, comprehensive reading literature considers the new and potential directions in which language is shaped, such as social interaction, cultural environment, Internet and media. Thus, it puts forward an argument and evidence both for and against this point of view, providing a historical perspective and multiple ways to the development of language and its shaping factors in a broad sense.
Fake News-Emotionally High, Factually Low; India’s Urgent Need for Cyberlaw

Despite the growth in the digitalization of India, the fellow netizens still lack digital literacy when it comes to using social media platforms. There are many ways where social media platforms have been used to perform activities in cyberspace which has resulted in causing harm to any person or any property. Fake News is such an important issue on the social media platform which needs to be assessed on a priority basis. Despite various awareness advertisements, programs, and AI-based fact-checkers the netizens still fail to stop the spread of fake news. Various Social Media Platforms have also developed features to bring awareness among the users for spotting fake news but the menace is still out there. However, there is no legislation governing Fake news in India that can punish the culprits. This paper lays down the base on which Indian lawmakers need to focus on the urgency of preparing Cyber Laws for punishing the culprits which could eventually bring down the spreading of fake news.
The Best Textbook of the National Flag for Patriotism Education in the New Era

Patriotism is the spiritual core of the Chinese nation, and patriotism education in the new era is based on the themes of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese dream.The national flag is the symbol and sign of the country, representing our country's dignity and national spirit, culture, and beliefs.Using the national flag as the teaching material of patriotism is the most vivid, basic and concrete content and way to guide the people to cultivate patriotism.In this paper mainly introduces the new connotation of patriotism education in the new era.The national flag is the best teaching material for patriotism education.It discusses several enlightenments from using the national flag to develop patriotism education.
Authoritarian Leadership, Conflicts and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The goal of the paper is to analyze how the authoritarian leadership could impact economic performance in the region of Sub-Saharan Africa in the post-colonial period until currently.THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: Authoritarian leadership and power abuse led to a number of armed conflicts in the region since its formal independence. This may be accounted as one of the reasons, for which the region lags in terms of economic development compared to developed countries. The research comprises of qualitative and quantitative methods, including comparative analysis, basic statistics, and correlations.THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: First, the literature review was conducted with the application of comparative and system analysis. Next, based on the available World Value Survey and Global Governance Indicators data, empirical analysis of the power indicators and economic growth relations in sub-Saharan Africa was performed. The results are discussed in the context of the ideas anchored in the theory of public choice and new institutional economics.RESEARCH RESULTS: The results indicate the existence of a power paradox, which burdens development of the region, people rely on strong leaders despite the fact that strong leadership leads to power abuse and economic crises. The attitudes to politics, democracy and trust are particular for the region and may be related with this problem.CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The lack of control mechanisms over the exercise of public authority in politically unstable Sub-Saharan African countries contributes to the consolidation of unfavorable attitudes and the abuse of power by privileged position by political leaders. The focus should be placed on reinforcement of institutional capacities and accountability for power abuse.
The Syntactic Structure and Restructuring Phenomenon of the Japanese “siru” Sentence and the Korean “alda” Sentences

This study examines the syntactic structures and restructuring phenomena of the “siru” sentences in Japanese and the corresponding “alda” sentences in Korean that appear in complex sentences. More specifically, the study shows that although the “siru” sentences in Japanese and the corresponding “alda” sentences in Korean are formed as complex sentences in the deep structure due to the semantic role of the predicates, such syntactic structures can be divided into control structures or raising structures depending on the syntactic roles they perform. In a nutshell, the “siru” sentences in Japanese that take the complementizer of “koto” and the “alda” sentences in Korean that take the complementizer of “il” are of an raising structure, whereas the “siru” sentences that take the complementizer of “no” and “alda” sentences that take the complementizer of “geot” are of a control structure. To present such syntactic structures, this study focuses on the semantic phenomenon related to how idiomatic expressions are interpreted in such syntactic structures. In addition, this study shows that restructuring is observed in these syntactic structures, by demonstrating, through the incidences of cleft sentences, the fact that both the “siru” sentence in Japanese and the “alda” sentence in Korean show in their surface structure such syntactic phenomena as are found in simple-sentence structures.
Students� Perception of the English Intensive Program in Improving Non-English Majored Students� Speaking Performance

This study aims to determine students' perception of the English Intensive Program (EIP) in improving students' speaking performance. The Cross-sectional survey design was designed to analyze a detailed and in-depth analysis using google forms to distribute the research questionnaires. The researcher used two instruments to find the required data and determine students' perception of EIP, namely questionnaires and speaking performance test reports. The researcher combined the two instruments to support the research data. Researchers recruited 40 students as samples from non- English departments. The findings show that after implementing the EIP, the students' speaking performance experienced a significant increase of 74.12, which means EIP positively impacts improving students' speaking performance. In addition, the student's perception of EIP was 88.2% strongly agree and agree, which means the implementation of EIP in improving students' speaking performance is EIP functions effectively.
Symmetric Cryptography for Confidential Communications: Implemented by Enhancing the Caesar Cipher

Purpose: This paper identifies and rectifies the key lapses associated with the existing Caesar cryptographic algorithm and further implements the proposed solution, analyses and demonstrates the validity of the improvements effected. The achieved model was implemented as a software solution and duly demonstrated to be a good choice of encryption algorithm in modern-day cryptography.  Methodology: The methodology adopted in this study is typically the waterfall model, further incorporating the Object-Oriented Design and Analysis to facilitate the deployment of a cross-platform friendly software implementation of the model solution developed. Computational analysis of the blueprint technique employed to rectify the lapses associated with the existing Caesar cipher e.g., Diffie Helman Technique is elucidated with a more comprehensive description of the architectural design and functionality of the model accessible via: https://github.com/Maihanks/EnhancedCaeserCIpher . A blend of secondary and primary data was used for experimentation and random text data was used to test the modelled solution primarily to validate its feasibility in real-time.Results: The result obtained is a software implementation of the Enhanced Caesar Cipher developed and demonstrated in real-time to be feasible, functional, and cross-platform friendly accessible via: https://github.com/Maihanks/EnhancedCaeserCIpher.  It was experimented and demonstrated to have rectified the key lapses associated with the conventional Caesar Cipher analysed and discussed in this paper.Unique contribution to theory, policy, and practice: The result arrived at by the end of the research include: (a) an improved and better version of the Caesar cipher dully implemented, rectifying the conventional Caesar cipher’s lapses as described in detail in this paper (b) An automated version of the Caesar Cipher deployed as a software solution (c)  A higher complexity for the ameliorated Caesar Cipher with a complexity of O(n2) was achieved which is far better than the conventional Caesar cipher’s complexity of O(n).Keywords: Algorithm, Caesar Cipher, Complexity, Cryptography, Symmetric.
Student’s Perspective of Teacher-Student Relation in Online Class Meeting

Abstract Teacher-student relation is the most important component of language teaching.The objective of this study is Nowadays, teaching-learning process is doing by online meeting. Teacher and student can do the activity of class from home. So, based on the background it the purpose of this study is to know how the relation between teacher and student in online class meeting by the perspective of student. The methodology that was used in this research is descriptive qualitative - quantitative methodology conducted that taken 30 college students in English and Literature Department randomly at Universitas Negeri Medan. The data were collected by using a questionnaire in Google Form that was distributed it. This research is containing by various question to know how the teacher-student relation in online class by the perspective of student. The researcher made 13 questions and each question must be answer honestly by respondents.The findings of this study showed that there were the teacher-student relation in online class meeting support well. But, from the data also shown that in some cases the teacher-students relation is not build well such as  online class make the limitation in communicating so the atmosphere of teacher-student relation hardly got, the teacher unreachable through online, There is no trustworthy from teacher to students about internet connection. Based on the findings, the suggestion to this study is the teacher also should treat the student fairly and more understanding.The students also should be more active and participated in online class so that they can be noticed by the teacher. Keyword : Teacher-Students Relation, English Teaching, Perspective, Online Class
Overcoming the private capacity of optical point-to-point quantum key distribution

The private capacity of a lossy bosonic channel shows that there remains not much room to improve known point-to-point quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols further, in terms of the key rate versus distance. The current question in our field is how to overcome this fundamental limit with the help of a single station in the middle between communicators. In this talk, we explore recent trials to achieve this goal, such as adaptive measurement-device-independent QKD and twin-field QKD. These trials are good milestones towards the realization of quantum repeater networks.
Dynamic Characteristics of Industrial Robots, Using Segmented Trajectories.(Dept.E)

Robotic systems represent one of the most advanced industrial applications. Such robotic systems have a severe oscillatory behavior, thus the conventional control techniques are not suitable to deal with it. In the present paper, the dynamic dynamic behavior of robotic systems is studied and a dynamic model for such systems is obtained. A suitable trajectory for each link is pre-determined. The technique introduced proposes a segmented trajectory rather than a continuous one. A comparative study between the behaviour of the system with the proposed technique and that proposed in [7] is introduced. The above mentioned algorithm assumed that the chosen path is continous and this can be used in some tasks, required to be carried-out by the robot. But in other tasks, it is sometimes required that the robot must move a short distance from a point to another neighbouring point i.e. , the path is not continuous but, it is a segmented path. Such pathes are required in different tasks, such pathes are weiding, paint spraying, cxarrying a tray of drink……..etc.
The role of information technologies in enhancing teaching–learning effectiveness

Nowadays we need the ability to receive information from different sources, use it and create it independently. Practical use of information and communication technologies provide new teaching opportunities, greatly facilitate the work of teachers, increase the effectiveness of teaching process, improve the quality of teaching.
Photonic Tensor Core and Nonvolatile Photonic Memory

In this talk I will introduce an integrated photonics-based tensor core unit by strategically utilizing i) photonic parallelism via wavelength division multiplexing, ii) high 2 Peta-operations-per second throughputs enabled by 10’s of picosecond-short delays from optoelectronics and compact photonic integrated circuitry, and iii) near-zero static power-consuming novel photonic multi-state memories based on phase change materials featuring vanishing losses in the amorphous state and about 1dB per state switching efficiency [Sorger Group, Appl. Phys. Rev. 2020].
DIDACTICS FEATURES OF CONSTRUCTING MAINTENANCE STUDY MECHANICAL PHENOMENA ARE IN TEXTBOOK OF PHYSICS FOR 7 CLASS

The competence potential of natural educational industry certainly by the State standard of base secondary education, in that base knowledge, through abilities, obligatory results of studies and reference-points of their evaluation, are represented. In modern terms the textbook of physics becomes the instrument of management of students educational activity, by a navigator in dynamic dataflows, by the means of including of subjects educational process to the infomedia. A textbook is the original complex informative model of educational process, that represents an aim and maintenance of studies, didactics principles, technology of mastering of knowledge. It at the same time is the transmitter of maintenance of physical education, and reference-point of process of it active mastering. Gradually the functions of textbook will be distributed between the elements of methodical complex: by manuals (by paper electronic, network resources), collections of tasks, working notebooks, test tasks, reference books, physical reading-books by methodical recommendations for a teacher and others like that. Such structure of methodical complex is predefined by a tendency to the system, hierarchicalness and exposures of specific of elements of normative sphere of creation textbook. QR- becomes the important constituent of school textbooks of new generation code, that assists an increase for the students of motivation to the studies, intensification of independent activity, strengthening of their cognitive activity. The educational materials contained on QR- кодах extend and deepen the information given in traditional textbooks, assist forming of subject and key competences, perform the control duty. In the article the didactics features of constructing of maintenance studies of the mechanical phenomena are certain in the textbook of physics of 7th class. It is the textbook of the new generation, the contents and methodological apparatus is created on the basis of competence, personality-oriented and activity approaches, should be an important means of forming key and subject competences is justified.
Study on Millennium Robotics, Powered by Artificial Intelligence and Cloud Engineering

Humans had begun a new era of automation of items and activities that were previously done manually, such as repetitious factory operations, sewing machines, painting, and more, in the early twentieth century, along with the industrial revolution.&nbsp; Humans were the smartest species on the planet to lead these efforts, and they did so successfully. However, success comes with unbridled hopes for the future, the age of Artificial Intelligence, which will far outstrip human capabilities. This research paper will touch base on these technologies, from the human brain project and Artificial Intelligence to industrial and self-aware robots. Technology did not look back, combining Artificial Intelligence (AI) with robotic automated systems that have moved swiftly from assisting humans to totally replacing humans, and have also become self-aware, from driverless cars through airplanes to smart cities through traffic lights. Factories run on solar panels, and if everything is working properly, it can anticipate a problem on the horizon and, as a result, will take steps to adjust or recover. “The percentage of intelligence that is not human is increasing and eventually we humans will represent a very small percentage of intelligence,” Elon Musk.
인문계 고등학생의 학업 스트레스와 수면의 질 관계에서 학업적 자기효능감의 매개효과

Purpose: This study aimed to confirm mediating effects of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between academic stress and sleep quality among academic high school students. Methods: The participants included 195 academic high school students who were attending a private educational institution in the Gwangju or Pusan metropolitan city. Data were collected from September 1 to September 30, 2019. The data were analyzed using PROCESS macro SPSS/WIN 3.2 and bootstrapping was used to test the mediating effects. Results: There were significant relationships between sleep quality and academic stress (r=-.55, p<.001), sleep quality and academic self-efficacy (r=.35, p<.001), and academic stress and academic self-efficacy (r=-.16, p<.020). Academic self-efficacy showed partial mediating effects in the relationship between academic stress and sleep quality. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the development of a program that improves the academic self-efficacy of academic high school students who are experiencing academic stress is a way to improve the quality of their sleep.
Open Problem: Is There an Online Learning Algorithm That Learns Whenever Online Learning Is Possible?

The open problem asks whether there exists an online learning algorithm for binary classification that guarantees, for all target concepts, to make a sublinear number of mistakes, under only the assumption that the (possibly random) sequence of points X allows that such a learning algorithm can exist for that sequence. As a secondary problem, it also asks whether a specific concise condition completely determines whether a given (possibly random) sequence of points X admits the existence of online learning algorithms guaranteeing a sublinear number of mistakes for all target concepts.
Analisa Performa Klastering Data Besar pada Hadoop

Big Data is a collection of data with a large and complex size, consisting of various data types and obtained from various sources, overgrowing quickly. Some of the problems that will arise when processing big data, among others, are related to the storage and access of big data, which consists of various types of data with high complexity that are not able to be handled by the relational model. One technology that can solve the problem of storing and accessing big data is Hadoop. Hadoop is a technology that can store and process big data by distributing big data into several data partitions (data blocks). Problems arise when an analysis process requires all data spread out into one data entity, for example, in the data clustering process. One alternative solution is to do a parallel and scattered analysis, then perform a centralized analysis of the results of the scattered analysis. This study examines and analyzes two methods, namely K-Medoids Mapreduce and K-Modes without Mapreduce. The dataset used is a dataset about cars consisting of 3.5 million rows of data with 400MB distributed in a Hadoop Cluster (consisting of more than one engine). Hadoop has a MapReduce feature, consisting of 2 functions, namely map and reduce. The map function performs a selection to retrieve a key, value pairs, and returns a value in the form of a collection of key value pairs, and then the reduce function combines all key value pairs from several map functions. The results of the cluster quality evaluation are tested using the Silhouette Coefficient testing metric. The K-Medoids MapReduce algorithm for the car dataset gives a silhouette value of 0.99 with a total of 2 clusters.
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Multi-kernel learning-based recommender system using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

Nowadays, the personalised recommendations for a user is mainly build based on users rating. The drawback of online websites is that it presents many choices that result in consuming more time. Also it becomes strenuous for the user to find the right information or product from numerous search results. In this work, a new multi-kernel learning (MKL) is developed for providing the relevant information based on current user behaviour through his/her click stream data without explicitly asking for these data. Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) approach is used for detecting the victor's stream of data in online sites. This method recommends a browsing option and matches the data to a specific user group that meet the requirements of a particular user at the required time. The experimental results reveal that the proposed MKL-ANFIS recommendation system (RS) improved the accuracy and coverage values approximately 3-4% compared to the traditional methods such as fuzzy C-means (FCM), enhanced graph-based partitioning (EGBP) algorithm and C-means and centre of gravity (CM & COG).
Supporting Sustainable Digital Data Workflows in the Art and Humanities

The Data and Service Center for the Humanities ( DaSCH ) operates as a platform for humanities research data and ensures access to this data and promotes the networking of data with other databases (linked open data), to add value for further research and the interested public. As a competence center for digital methods and long-term use of digital data, it supports the hermeneutically oriented humanities in the use of state-of-the-art digital research methods. The DaSCH focuses on qualitative data and associated digital objects (images, sound, video, etc.) in the cultural heritage field. Long-term archiving or access is a major topic after the digital turn in the humanities, as many funding agencies such as the Swiss National Science Foundation and the European Commission are now requiring that a data management plan (D MP ) be in place to receive research funding. This new imperative raises many questions in the scientific community. This paper points out the contributions of the DaSCH for digital humanities researchers and the advantages of interoperability.