Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Phrase Table Combination Based on Symmetrization of Word Alignment for Low-Resource Languages

Phrase table combination in pivot approaches can be an effective method to deal with low-resource language pairs. The common practice to generate phrase tables in pivot approaches is to use standard symmetrization, i.e., grow-diag-final-and. Although some researchers found that the use of non-standard symmetrization could improve bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU) scores, the use of non-standard symmetrization has not been commonly employed in pivot approaches. In this study, we propose a strategy that uses the non-standard symmetrization of word alignment in phrase table combination. The appropriate symmetrization is selected based on the highest BLEU scores in each direct translation of source–target, source–pivot, and pivot–target of Kazakh–English (Kk–En) and Japanese–Indonesian (Ja–Id). Our experiments show that our proposed strategy outperforms the direct translation in Kk–En with absolute improvements of 0.35 (a 11.3% relative improvement) and 0.22 (a 6.4% relative improvement) BLEU points for 3-gram and 5-gram, respectively. The proposed strategy shows an absolute gain of up to 0.11 (a 0.9% relative improvement) BLEU points compared to direct translation for 3-gram in Ja–Id. Our proposed strategy using a small phrase table obtains better BLEU scores than a strategy using a large phrase table. The size of the target monolingual and feature function weight of the language model (LM) could reduce perplexity scores.
KONTRIBUSI KEBIASAAN MEMBACA DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPOSISI SISWA KELAS VIII SMP PEMBANGUNAN LABORATORIUM UNP

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is three. First, to describe the contribution of reading habits to the writing text exposition skills of class VIII students of SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. Second, to describe the contribution of learning motivation to the writing exposition text students of class VIII of SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. Third, describe the contribution of reading habits and learning motivation to the writing skills of exposition students of VIII grade SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. This type of research is quantitative research using descriptive methods and correlational designs. The population in this study were students of class VIII of the SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP 2018/2019 academic year totaling 167 people. The sample in this study was determined by proportional random sampling, 25% of the population, namely 43 students. The data of this study were scores on the results of the reading habits questionnaire, scores on the results of the questionnaire of learning motivation, and the results of the test of writing the text of the esposition. The instruments used in this study were reading habits questionnaire, learning motivation questionnaire, and performance tests to measure exposition text writing skills. There are three research results in this study. First, reading habit significantly contributes to the writing skills of exposition text students of class VIII of SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP by 15.21%. Secondly, motivation to learn significantly contributed to the writing skills of exposition students of VIII grade at SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP by 30.25%. Third, reading habits and learning motivation together contribute to the writing skills of exposition text students of class VIII of SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP by 35.35%. Kata kunci: Kontribusi, Kebiasaan Membaca, Motivasi Belajar, Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksposisi
Correction to: Research on Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Wavelet Transform and Qi Hyperchaos

In the original version of the book, the affiliation of authors have been updated from “Harbin, China” to “Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China” in the chapter “Research on Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Wavelet Transform and Qi Hyperchaos”. The correction chapter and book have been updated with the change.
Economic and Technical Modeling of the Lebanese Crypto Currency: Implication for a Digital-Lira (DL)

Since 1997, the Lebanese pound has been pegged to the U.S dollar at a fixed rate, and at every crisis, people rush to banks to convert their LBP accounts into U.S.D causing a high demand for foreign currencies. Fear and uncertainty finds its way to the market, and the general sentiment often causes various sectors of the economy to be negatively affected. Lebanon is highly dependent on the U.S.D and the LBP had slowly become nothing but a symbol of independence and a heritage that tells the story of “Lebanon”. This paper will examine the century’s most aspiring technology to see how it can be implemented to create a new form of national currencies, and how such a technology can incorporate basic to complex monetary policies in an automated manner to gain value, and have a controlled inflation through a pre-programmed system. This paper will also break down the “Bitcoin” conditions and show how it can be modified to fit a locally produced national crypto-currency for Lebanon that will be referred to as “Digi-Lira”. Finally, this paper will highlight the economic impact of the Digi-Lira on demand, investment, international trade, remittances, the unbanked population, and the banking sector.
Pedagogical ethics in the context of social relations as a problem of moral education

Pedagogical ethics in the context of social relations as a problem of moral education]The peculiarity of pedagogical ethics is determined not only by the specificity of morality as a special regulator of public relations, but also by the peculiarities of the pedagogical process.The pedagogical process is universal due to its objective social necessity.It is aimed at every member of society, therefore, in one way or another, the whole society takes part in it, as well as morality, concerns all types of human activities without exception, even where they are not engaged in education and training itself.Therefore, the norms of pedagogical ethics, according to the authors, which are developed and concentrated in the framework of professional pedagogical activity, also have value for everyone in society.
Contextual Knowledge Distillation for Transformer Compression

A computationally expensive and memory intensive neural network lies behind the recent success of language representation learning. Knowledge distillation, a major technique for deploying such a vast language model in resource-scarce environments, transfers the knowledge on individual word representations learned without restrictions. In this paper, inspired by the recent observations that language representations are relatively positioned and have more semantic knowledge as a whole, we present a new knowledge distillation strategy for language representation learning that transfers the contextual knowledge via two types of relationships across representations: Word Relation and Layer Transforming Relation. We validate the effectiveness of our method on challenging benchmarks of language understanding tasks. The code will be released.
Improving Learning Outcomes and Digital Literacy of Elementary School Students through Digital Comic

This study identified students learning needs to be the foundation in developing digital comicteaching materials model as complimentary teaching material for elementary school teachers in Indonesia inorder to implement 2013 curriculum. The criteria variable being the measurement of successfulimplementationwasgrade five students learning outcomes and digital literacy. The studyemployed surveymethod with qualitative approach. The data gathering process was implemented using semi-structuredinterview technique, class observation, and study of 2013 curriculum, and teaching materials. The surveywas implemented in five elementary schools; two public, two private, and one Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (equal toelementary school). Teaching material model needs analysis was focused on learning theme of “Animal andHuman Locomotory Organs” for grade five semester one students, having “Human and Environment” as itssubtheme. The research outcome concludes that digital comic teaching materials model is expected toeffectively improve learning outcomes and digital literacy of the students, when it is designed in tappropriate narrative story format for grade five students and presented visually yet combined with balancedwords or sentence description and also relevant film or video link to strengthen students understandings.
KLASIFIKASI TINGKAT KELANCARAN NASABAH DALAM MEMBAYAR PREMI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR DAN ANALISIS DISKRIMINAN FISHER (Studi kasus: Data Nasabah PT. Prudential Life Samarinda Tahun 2019)

Classification is a technique to form a model of data that is already known to its classification group. The model that was formed will be used to classify new objects. The K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) algorithm is a method for classifying new objects based on their K nearest neighbor. Fisher discriminant analysis is a multivariate technique for separating objects in different groups to form a discriminant function for allocate new objects in groups. This research has a goal to determine the results of classifying customer premium payment status using the K-NN method and Fisher discriminant analysis and comparing the accuracy of the K-NN method classification and Fisher discriminant analysis on the insurance customer premium payment status. The data used is the insurance customer data of PT. Prudential Life Samarinda in 2019 with current premium payment status or non-current premium payment status and four independent variables are age, duration of premium payment, income and premium payment amount. The results of the comparative measurement of accuracy from the two analyzes show that the K-NN method has a higher level of accuracy than Fisher discriminant analysis for the classification of insurance customers premium payment status. The results of misclassification using the APER (Apparent Error Rate) in K-NN method is 15% while in Fisher discriminant analysis is 30%.
From the Metafunctions of Language to the Hyperfunctions. The New Multimodal Reality of Hypertext

Every act of communication stems from the existence of two individuals, who, at least, establish a relationship to share a particular type of information. That relationship will result in a communication model that, with the advent of information and communication technology, has undergone a remarkable change, so that the message is no longer linear or sequential to become a set of multiple relationships which affect the sender, recipient and message. Among the many changes that occur in this new communication model, one of which relates to the sociolinguistic springs that run through the relationship between sender and receiver. In this essay, we try to explain how these relationships work from a theoretical point of view, so that we can speculate a sort of model applicable to each enunciation. To do this we will start from the theoretical assumptions proposed by M.A.K. Halliday who, by combining autonomous linguistic sources with sociolinguistics, offered a theory of language known as “systemic functional”, being supported by the study of language as a system and by the functions arising from its use or metafunctions of the language, namely ideational metafunction, interpersonal metafunction and textual metafunction. In the telematic space, with the peculiarities that define hypertextual communication, the metafunctions became different from that described for oral and written environments. All of them will be hyperfunctions or multifunctions precisely because of the multimodal essence (text, image and sound) that houses them. We intend to theoretically bring the distances produced from the jump from the analogue environment to the digital environment, to propose a kind of specific theory for this new communicative space.
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi WPS dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa pada Materi Dongeng Bermuatan Bahasa Inggris di Era New Normal

This study aimed to increase students’ interest in learning in English-filled fairy tale material using the WPS application . The research method used was the research and development method from Borg and Gall. The population in the study amounted to 72 students of grade 2 SD Amalyatul Huda. The samples specified in this study were 32 students and 2 teachers. Data analysis techniques were obtained from a team of material experts, design experts, Indonesian language teachers, and grade 2 students of SD Amalyatul Huda. The product produced from this research was in the form of a learning module. The results showed 1) validation from material experts including the feasibility of the content on average obtained 89.85% with good criteria, the average presentation feasibility was obtained 90.3% with very good criteria, and the assessment of linguistic aspects achieved on average 89.42 % with good criteria. (2) Validation of design experts with an average of 84.58% with good criteria. (3) the teacher's response got an average of 85.83% with good criteria. (4) student responses through individual trials obtained an average of 75% with sufficient criteria. (5) small group trials reached an average of 83.56% with good criteria. (6) limited test reaches an average of 94.92% with very good criteria. This proves that learning English-filled fairy tales using the WPS application has increased.
Application of Hilbert Analysis in Orthogonal Fourier Fringe-projection to Improve Object Shape Reconstruction -=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-

Three-dimensional (3D) measurement of an object is widely used in many fields including machine vision, quality control, robotics, medical diagnostics, and others. High-precision 3D surface topography is necessary for describing object shape accurately with high spatial resolution. A combined approach to improve 3D object shape recovery based on Fourier orthogonal fringe projection together with Hilbert transform is proposed and demonstrated. This new idea of combination is highly effective due to the suppressing of background intensity of the deformed fringe pattern while the zero spectrum is extracted precisely and easily. Removing the zero order component leads to increase the visualization and resolution of the measured object. Application of Hilbert processing for object shape recovery in orthogonal Fourier projection domain to improve 3D visualization has not been reported before. The processing framework of this strategy is described in detail. Validation of the proposed method is verified by experiments including visualization of objects with various shapes and sizes. A comparison between profilometry methods is also given which verify better performance in reconstruction of complex objects. 3D reconstruction of flow running at different speeds on a scattering medium with this combined approach is also demonstrated for the first time. Keywords: 3D shape measurements, orthogonal fringes, Fourier and Hilbert transform, image processing.
A Multi-Objective Task Scheduling Method based on ACO in Cloud Environment

With the rapid development of cloud computing, the distributed computing system will handle more and more user tasks. And an efficient task scheduling method is key to improve the service quality and system performance in cloud. However, the diversity of tasks and the heterogeneous nature of resource nodes make the problem a multi-objective optimization model, which is difficult to guarantee the quality of allocation scheme. Since the multi-objective optimization problem gets a Pareto solution set, the global optimal solution can be obtained by the improved multi-objective evolutionary heuristic algorithm. In this paper, we propose an improved multi-objective ant colony optimization (IMOACO) scheduling method to find the optimal computing nodes for the task set, considering the relationship between server profits and user request. The IMOACO not only aims to reduce the overall makespan and user cost, but also guarantee the utilization of system. The proposed algorithm avoids searching blindly in the early phase and explores the global searching capability in the late phase to search the solution space sufficiently, in the purpose to find the optimized resource node for the user tasks. We design and perform a series of simulation experiments to evaluate this method's performance, compared with PBACO RR and FCFS. The experiment results show that the IMOACO takes obvious advantages in terms of makespan, total cost and balanced resource utilization over other similar methods.
KORELASI PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA BIDANG LINGKUNGAN DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPOSISI SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 3 PADANG PANJANG

ABSTRACT This article was written to describe the relation the mastery of the vocabulary environment to the skill writting the text of the exposition students in class VIII padang Panjang Junior High School 3. This type of research is quantitative with descriptive method and correlational design. The sample in this study amounted to 44 people. The data of this research is score the mastery of the vocabulary environment the exposition text and skill test result writting the text of exposition. The data were gotten through an objective test intended to measure the students the mastery of the vocabulary environment and performance test intended to measure the students skills of writting the text of exposition. Based on data analysis, the following three things are obtained. First, skill of writing the exposition text students in class VIII padang Panjang Junior High School 3 is in good qualification (81,91). Second, the skill the mastery of the vocabulary environment the exposition text of students in class VIII padang Panjang Junior High School 3 is in good qualification (82,05). Third, there was a significant corelation between the students the mastery of the vocabulary environment of exposition text with the skills of writing the exposition text of strudent of class VIII padang Panjang Junior High School 3 in which the significance level 95% with the degrees of freedom n-1 (dk = n-1). Based on this, it was concluded that writing an exposition text requers the mastery of environmental vocabulary. Kata kunci: Korelasi, Kosakata, Menulis, dan Teks Eksposisi
Social Life and Privacy in the Age of the Internet - A Sociological Perspective

More and more people are depending on electronic communication rather than face-to-face interactions for socialization in the age of the internet. Young people have been leading this social trend knowing their privacy is at risk. The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has heightened and strengthened this social phenomenon. This paper examines the phenomenon from an accidental classroom discussion and survey through a sociological lens, and provides some understanding and explanation with a sociological perspective.
A MANAGEMENT OF SPEAKING CLASS STUDY AT SMART ILC PARE KEDIRI

The teacher English is challenged should be able to manage the classroom. Descriptive qualitative was the design of this research because a management of speaking class at SMART ILC that was unique. The data collecting method were observation, interview and documentation. The result of this research showed that the tutor strategy in teaching speaking was seating arrangement was strategy to position a good learning pattern for delivering the material as well with the capture of a student seating strategy that is used semicircle, Oral content strategy before starting lesson was done in rotation to remember the material that has been studied. The teaching method of speaking in the outdoors to make students enjoy learning and the atmosphere is cool in the open and surrounded by shady trees. The ability of students in speaking was capability, ability and understanding students that was different every student. A student response about that strategy in teaching speaking that was students and teacher response about strategy is very unique. The teaching strategies used are very effective because students enjoy the teaching methods provided.
Correction to: Novel authorship verification model for social media accounts compromised by a human

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-10617-5
Predictive Validity of a Cybercrime Awareness Tool: The Case of Senior High School Students in a Philippine Secondary School

The advent of technology paves for a better understanding of the various realities the world contains. However, misuse of these instruments’ impacts people's way of living and education, especially in the new normal. Thus, an analysis was carried out to classify cybercrime awareness indicators as viewed by senior high school students at Dolores National High School using a researcher-developed unidimensional questionnaire. An 18-item Likert scale researcher-developed questionnaire, termed Cybercrime Awareness Tool (CcAT), was administered to a total of 200 students, with 50 respondents per senior high school strands using Google Form. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) also known as Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was applied to the collected data which gave rise to four factors named; 1) Awareness on Phishing, 2) Awareness on Spamming, 3) Perceived effectiveness of antivirus software, and 4) Bullying on the web. The CcAQ was also found to have adequate internal consistency of .823 Cronbach alpha for the overall instrument, and subscale alphas ranging from .772 to .858. The multivariate analysis of variance on the interaction of sex and senior highs school strand showed a significant link to the respondents' cybercrime awareness. Hence, the researchers recommend this tool to assess schools' cybercrime awareness on the four factors.&#x0D; Keywords: Cybercrime Awareness, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Senior High School Strands
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS BERITA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 9 PADANG

ABSTRACT The purpose of the research is to describe the reading skills of students' news text comprehension, Second, to describe the skills of writing news texts of students, third, to describe the correlation of reading comprehension of news texts with news writing skills of students of class VIII at SMP Negeri 9 Padang. The population of this research is VIII grade students of SMP Negeri 9 Padang in the 2019/2020 school year, which is 245 students. The sample in this study was determined by proportional random sampling 25% of 49 students. The research data scores the results of reading text comprehension test scores and the scores of news text writing skills scores. The research instrument is an objective test for reading text comprehension skills and performance tests for news text writing skills. Research Results First, the reading skills of understanding the news text of good qualifying students (B). Second, the skills of writing news texts of good qualifying students (B). Third, there is a correlation between reading comprehension and news writing skills with news writing skills of VIII grade students of SMP Negeri 9 Padang with degrees of freedom n-1 at 95% confidence level. T value (5.55) is greater than t table (1.68), i.e. titung&gt; ttabel (5.55&gt; 1.68) thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted because the test results prove that tcount is greater than t table. It can be concluded that reading text comprehension skills are correlated with news text writing skills. Kata Kunci: Korelasi, Membaca Pemahaman, Teks Berita