Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A Nonparametric Offpolicy Policy Gradient.

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms still suffer from high sample complexity despite outstanding recent successes. The need for intensive interactions with the environment is especially observed in many widely popular policy gradient algorithms that perform updates using on-policy samples. The price of such inefficiency becomes evident in real-world scenarios such as interaction-driven robot learning, where the success of RL has been rather limited. We address this issue by building on the general sample efficiency of off-policy algorithms. With nonparametric regression and density estimation methods we construct a nonparametric Bellman equation in a principled manner, which allows us to obtain closed-form estimates of the value function, and to analytically express the full policy gradient. We provide a theoretical analysis of our estimate to show that it is consistent under mild smoothness assumptions and empirically show that our approach has better sample efficiency than state-of-the-art policy gradient methods.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN MATERI PEMBELAJARAN KARYA ILMIAH BERBAHASA PRANCIS

(Title: Needs Analysis of Learning Materials For French Academic Writing). This study aims to describe the needs of material for French academic writing courses. it shows 66.70% of respondents need to learn specific grammar to increase its effectiveness; 54.20% of respondents need special learning about essential terms for linguistic, literary or language teaching; 79.20% think that specialised terminology is needed to write research background. 54.20% thought that writing practice was very necessary, while 70.80% hoped there would be reading cativity for some scientific articles. 53.40% of respondents consider it necessary to master the logical connector of French. In addition, 50% of respondents think that a French scientific writing course is required and 25% want this to be mandatory. 62.50% expect this course to have at least 3 credits: 1 credit for writing theory and 2 credits for writing practice. Keywords: need Assessment, Frenchacademic writing
Leveraging More Fine-grained Representation to Reduce Instability within Word Embeddings

Suzi Park and Hyopil Shin. 2019. This paper investigates the notion of instability in word embeddings, primarily focused on the Korean language, by analyzing the effects of instability on several tasks using word level, character level, and sub-character level embeddings. Korean has a complex morphological system and is written at units smaller than that of a single character, making it optimal for comparing the three types of embeddings. We first carry out several intrinsic evaluations such as word similarity and analogy tests, as well as an extrinsic evaluation of the embeddings on the task of sentiment analysis. These results show that sub-character embeddings outperform the other two types, obtaining both higher and more consistent results, especially when the corpus size is large. Based on these findings, our hypothesis is that embeddings trained on smaller units and larger corpora would also be a better choice in terms of stability. To investigate this, we implemented two stability tests, looking into cosine similarity standard deviations and intersection of nearest neighbors among models. Our findings demonstrate that indeed, the smaller the embedding unit and the larger the corpus, the more stable the embedding type is. Importantly, our results illustrate the necessity of taking instability into consideration when using word embeddings within a given experiment.
The Development and Management of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) at the University of Khartoum

This paper investigated the status of the electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) programme development and management at the University of Khartoum (UofK) in Sudan. Explored aspects such as deposit policy, workflow, the theses and dissertations retrospective digitization project progress, metadata and software platform used, dissemination and access mode employed, and copyright issues. The study adopted a qualitative approach involving the case study method. A semi-structured interview was used for the purpose of data collection. Relevant documents and reports pertaining to the ETD programme development at the University were obtained and analyzed, in addition to observation, and investigation of the ETD collection at the University’s institutional repository. The paper revealed the various strengths and weaknesses of the ETD programme at the University such as the availability of the collection via the institutional repository of the University as either abstract or full text, and the lack of coordination among the stakeholders of the programme. Highlighted some of the opportunities and threats of the programme and finally came up with some conclusions and recommendations that will enhance the production and management of ETDs at the University of Khartoum.
IDENTIFIKASI ZAT LILIN PADA BUAH APEL YANG DIPERJUALBELIKAN DI PASAR PABAENG-BAENG KOTA MAKASSAR

This study aims to determine the presence or absence of waxes found in apples sold in Pabaeng-baeng market, Makassar City. Wax substances are additional ingredients that are used to coat the fruit so as not to quickly experience decay or damage. The type of this research is descriptive laboratory observations, namely to identify waxes in apples. This research was conducted on the 3rd of August 2018 at the DIII Laboratory of Health Analyst at the University of East Indonesia, Makassar City. The population in this study were all types of apples sold in the Pabaeng-baeng market in Makassar City with samples of 3 types of apples, each of which were green, red and reddish yellow. The variables in this study are apples and waxes. From the results of this study, it is known that there are waxes in 3 types of apples that are traded in the Pabaeng-baeng market in Makassar City
An Implementation of the path-finding algorithm for TurtleBot 2 based on low-cost embedded hardware

Nowadays, as the availability of tiny, low-cost microcomputer increases at a high level, mobile robots are experiencing remarkable enhancements in hardware design, software performance, and connectivity advancements. In order to control Turtlebot 2, several algorithms have been developed using the Robot Operating System(ROS). However, ROS requires to be run on a high-cost computer which increases the hardware cost and the power consumption to the robot. Therefore, design an algorithm based on low-cost hardware is the most innovative way to reduce the unnecessary costs of the hardware, to increase the performance, and to decrease the power consumed by the computer on the robot. In this paper, we present a path-finding algorithm for TurtleBot 2 based on low-cost hardware. We implemented the algorithm using Raspberry pi, Windows 10 IoT core, and RPLIDAR A2. Firstly, we used Raspberry pi as the alternative to the computer employed to handle ROS and to control the robot. Raspberry pi has the advantages of reducing the hardware cost and the energy consumed by the computer on the robot. Secondly, using RPLIDAR A2 and Windows 10 IoT core which is running on Raspberry pi, we implemented the path-finding algorithm which allows TurtleBot 2 to navigate from the starting point to the destination using the map of the area. In addition, we used C# and Universal Windows Platform to implement the proposed algorithm.
Frequency Domain Image Representation in Blocks Form for Textures Comparision

The proposed approach is used to store images in compressed form. At the same time, elements of invariance to rotations are preserved. It's described block frequency transforms executions on example of the discrete cosine transform which using for images compression. Two execution variants lead to invariance to process direction. Transform results are used to compare images including textures. The comparison results for textures base are presented. Better results are explained by the expansion of correlation coefficients dynamic range compared to the traditional approach to image representation. The proposed approach shows that the computational complexity in the transform implementation does not change, both for the standard algorithms and for their fast implementations. This is due to the fact that for each block the calculations are made independently. The number of multiplications and additions remains the same. It changing only the order of elements reading and recording for calculations. The proposed approach can be used for other integral transforms.
LibGuides: Virtual Reality: Resources

A guide to assist with the use of VR headsets and in finding excellent resources This page has general resources such as books, eBooks and videos to learn more about Virtual Reality.
Burden of Severe Malaria in Children at General Sani Abatcha Specialist Hospital, Damaturu, North-Eastern Nigeria

Background:The efficacy of palliative external beam radiotherapy (PRT) for relief of metastatic bone pain had been well established, a single fraction is as effective as multiple fractions in relieving bone pain, but variation exist among the radiation oncologist in our environment on the ideal dose per fraction regimen.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from breast cancer patients treated with PRT using linear accelerator for metastatic bone pain in University College Hospital Ibadan between 2005 and 2009.The extracted information includes bio-data, presenting symptoms, metastatic sites, and bone pain assessment before and after four weeks of PRT using visual analogue pain scale (VAS), radiation doses, fractionation numbers and number of re-irradiation.Results: There were 161 eligible breast cancer patients who were treated with PRT secondary to painful bone metastases between 1 st January 2005 and 31 st December 2009.Majority were females with only 1.2% male patients (Figure 1).Table 1 showed demographic characteristics of treated patients with mean age of 45.2 years, pain was the major presenting complaint (92.5%) and multiple bony metastases constituted the highest metastatic presentation (52.2%).Table 2 shows patient's responses to PRT treatment for pain relief (complete responses of 88.8% and 11.2% partial responses).No significant association between patient's responses to PRT and magnitude of radiation doses delivered.However, fractionation sizes were significantly associated with re-irradiation p-value < 0.05.Conclusion: No differences exist between various dose fractionation schemes in terms of relief from painful bony metastases.However, shorter dose fractionation schemes are associated with re-irradiation of previously irradiated sites.
Research on Copyright Infringement of Wechat Platform

With the emergence of WeChat, the works of WeChat were born. Although the length of WeChat works is relatively short, if it can reflect the original expression of works and can be spread on WeChat platform, it can be included in the protection category of works of copyright law, and others who violate the copyright of authors of WeChat works should bear the tort liability.However, WeChat works are spread among relatively closed people, which makes it more difficult to identify the infringement of WeChat works and increases the cost of protecting the rights of WeChat works. The subjects involved in WeChat works are diverse, including WeChat users, WeChat public moderators and WeChat platforms. The diversity of subjects makes the infringement identification of WeChat works more complicated. WeChat works, derived from the development of the Internet, have difficulties in the identification of infringement of WeChat works.Moreover, WeChat works not only need to be identified through the elements of infringement, but also need to see whether the behavior of the actor can comply with the disclaimer. Therefore, this paper further discusses the application of legal license and reasonable use system in WeChat works, so as to clarify the identification of WeChat infringement.
A Python Library for Deep Linguistic Resources

This paper describes PyDelphin: an open-source software library, coded in Python, for working with the resources and results of Deep Linguistic Processing with HPSG (DELPH-IN). These resources and processing results offer rich syntactic and semantic information from linguistically-informed grammars but the original software stack for working with them presents significant technical hurdles for installation and use, particularly for new users and for single experiments. PyDelphin is quick to install and its thorough documentation makes it easy for newcomers to get started. It contains packages that implement a number of DELPH-IN technologies for working with semantic representations, grammar descriptions, tokenization, and corpus databases. It also has client interfaces for related external processors which make it straightforward to integrate these tools into a single workflow. The library has been successfully used in several research projects in topics such as abstractive summarization, machine translation, and natural language generation.
Determination of Color and Shape Features Based Image Retrieval with Hybrid Feature Descriptor Construction (HFDC)

Objectives: To implement a hybrid feature descriptor construction (HFDC) model to exercise the CBIR.Method/analysis: The model that combines color and shape features of visual content to produce a feature level fusion scheme is introduced.The RGB histogram, HSV histogram and the canny edge histogram features are extracted and fused to produce a hybrid feature vector.Then the determined feature vector through the fusion of the entire dataset is used to train the SVM using RBF kernel to retrieve relevant visual content through identifying the color distribution, and shape is focused here as the main objective.Since from the very beginning of the data usage to surf web information the classification of the similar related objects has been potentially provided a helpful contribution towards helping the users to identify and determine required knowledge from the large corpus of available digital information.Many algorithms and improvements have been in implementation, but the large quantity of available information provides complexity to these techniques to enhance computational hike.This feature level fusion contributes to reducing the overhead.Finding: The HFDC evolutions significantly contribute to achieving an accuracy of 84.60%.The experimental results have proven the efficiency of the HFDC by providing the maximum classification accuracy.Novelty: The results evidently show that (1) HDFC improve the performance by enhancing the feature level fusion process, (2) the fusion procedure produces increased solid and high indicative rendering and (3) by performing feature level fusion of data a core dictionary is provided for better CBIR performance.Improvement: In addition to color and shape feature fusion the texture features can also be combined to improve the performance significantly.
A Study on the problems and criteria for opening expenses of new schools

본 연구는 각 교육청의 신설학교 개교 지원비 배분 실태 및 문제점을 분석하고, 적절한 개교 지원비 지원기준 및 지원방안을 마련하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 먼저 12개 시도·의 신설학교 개교 지원비의 배부기준을 분석하였다. 이를 토대로 개교 지원비 교부 시기, 개교 지원비 항목, 신설학교에 대한 특별 지원비, 개교 지원비의 산정 방식, 개교 지원비의 규모 등을 비교·분석하였다. 이어, C 지역에서 신설한 초등학교, 중학교, 고등학교, 초·중 통합학교, 중·고 통합학교, 특수학교 등 총 6개 학교의 신설 업무 담당자를 대상으로 FGI를 실시하여 개교 지원비 지원의 현황과 문제점을 파악하고, 개교 시 학교가 구비해야 할 교구와 설비 중 필수/권장 항목을 확인하였다. 끝으로, 각 시도교육청의 교구설비기준 자료, 최근 5개년 이내에 개교한 신설학교들의 구입품목 자료 등을 토대로 C 지역의 『각급학교 교구설비 기준』의 문제점을 진단하고, ,신설학교 개교 지원비 지원기준을 수립하였다. 지원기준 수립의 절차는 신설학교 개교 지원비 범위 결정→학교현장에서 활용하고 있는 설비 및 교구·교재 관련 품목 교체→학교급별 영역별 품목 및 수량, 단가표 산출의 단계로 진행되었다. 신설학교 개교 지원비 배분실태를 분석한 결과 나타난 문제점은 1) 필수 개교 지원비 품목의 누락 및 예산 부족, 2) 학교별 특성을 고려하지 않은 개교 지원비 지원, 3) 개교시 예상치 못한 지출에 대한 예산 미편성 4) 신설학교 교직원의 부적절한 배치 시기 등으로 나타났다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위한 신설학교 개교 지원비 지원기준 산출시 고려 사항은 1) 2015 교육과정에 부합하도록 개정 고시된 교구·설비에 대한 단가 산출 필요, 2) 학교별 교육과정 운영 특성을 고려한 개교 지원비 지원기준 마련 필요, 3) 학교급, 학교 유형 등에 따라 차별화 및 현실화된 단가 마련 필요, 4) 필수개교 지원비 품목에 누락된 품목포함 필요 등이다. 이상의 신설학교 개교 지원비 지원기준 산출의 고려사항을 토대로 C 지역의 학교급별신설학교 개교 지원비 지원기준을 산출하고, 결론적으로 개교 지원비의 효율적 지원방안을 제시하였다.The purpose of this study is to analyze the current status and problems of opening expenses of new schools, and to establish distribution criteria for opening expenses of new schools. To achieve the purpose of this study, the distribution criteria of opening expenses of new schools in 12 school districts was examined. FGI was conducted for those in charge of newly-established schools in the C region to identify the current status and problems of the opening expenses. The problems of the 『Criteria for teaching tools and facility』are analyzed based on the data of the teaching tools and facilities and the purchase items of new schools opened within the last five years. And the criteria for supporting the opening of new schools were established. The problems on the distribution of the opening expenses for new schools are as follows. 1) Missing items for essential opening expenses of new schools and expenses, 2) Distributing opening expenses without considering school characteristics, 3) Unscheduled budget for unexpected expenses, and 4) Inadequate placement of new school staff. In order to solve these problems, considerations for calculating the new school s opening expense criteria are as follows. 1) Need to calculate the unit price for the teaching tools and facility that has been revised to conform with the 2015 curriculum. 2) Need to prepare the distribution criteria of opening expenses considering school curriculum characteristics 3) Differentiated unit prices are needed according to school level and school type, and 4) Need to include missing essential items in opening expenses of new schools. Lastly, based on the above considerations, the support criteria for new school opening in C region were calculated.
Design and Implementation of a New Circuit Maintenance Training Platform

Abstract This paper designs a circuit maintenance platform for the artillery system. It can read or simulate the important node data of the artillery system in real time online or offline, and provide the basis for the artillery maintenance inspection. It can also be used as a daily teaching operation demonstration platform; analog data detection read and fault demonstration process.
An Automatic Illustration Recommendation System

Attractive illustrations in the article usually can draw readers' attention quickly. Traditionally, illustrations are found by editors manually. Such a manual method is so inefficient that it hurts productivity. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an automatic illustration recommendation system, called SmartBot, which can understand articles automatically and assist editors to find appropriate illustrations. The whole system consists of two phases: the offline phase and the online phase. In the offline phase, we extract semantic features, including text features and deep features, for one specific image. In the online phase, we propose a two-stage recommendation model. The first stage focuses on fast retrieval with text features, and the second stage re-ranks retrieved candidates with the deep similarity scores to get the most appropriate illustrations. To verify the capability of our system, we use a real-world dataset to do our experiments. The experimental results show that the SmartBot performs well and obtains an average acceptation rate of 81.48%.
Application Schema and Platform Architecture Design for Big Data Application on Railway Technical Regulations

In recent years, China Railway has carried out researches of big data application in asset management, maintenance management, operation management, customer service, and other fields, and it have providing support for railway transportation in some areas such as maintenance management. Technical regulations are the most direct basis for railway operation. The quality of technical regulations, the coordination among regulations, and the level of management and service of technical regulations directly affect transport safety. This paper analyzes the current situation of the management and application of railway technical regulations, and then puts forward suggestions for the development of big data about railway technical regulations according to the standards and the patent industry. Based on the requirements of technology regulations and life cycle big data application, we have designed the application schema and platform architecture for big data in technical regulations, which provides a theoretical support for the research and development of big data in technical regulations.
Study on Jo-Hyang Poetry

조향은 1946년 『노만파』를 창간하고, 4집까지 냈으며 49년 <후반기>를 결성하여 시작에 몰두하다가, 1984년 심장장애로 갑자기 죽는다. 1950년대의 시대적인 특수성 속에서 조향의 시는 초현실주의를 바탕으로 한 실험시가 주류를 이룬다. 초현실주의 시론을 처음 소개한 사람은 김기림이며 30년대에 『三四文學』이나 이상을 통해서 초현실주의의 시는 제 자리를 잡게 된다. 초현실주의의 사유체계가 보여주는 혁명의 정신은 시대의 한계와 모순을 극복하겠다는 의지의 발로이다. 1차 세계대전을 겪은 참담함 속에서 단순히 반성적 이성만이 아니라 자괴와 혐오를 통해 시대를 읽어내는 적극적인 절망의 방정식이었다. 이것이 시창작의 방법적인 측면으로 수용되어 현실극복의 한 담론으로 읽혀지게 된다. 조향시가 지향하는 정신은 현실이란 텍스트를 대상으로 삼으면서 철저히 부정하고, 극복하고, 다시 재현하고자 시도하는 실험정신의 산물이다. 이것의 구체적인 정신현상으로 몇 가지 나열한다면 현실부정 정신, 언어실험의 정신, 자유의 정신으로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 언어를 전통적인 의미에서 해석하는 입장이 아니라, 완전히 독자적인 해독불가능한 기호로 간주하며 그것의 조합과 파괴, 혹은 다양한 배치를 통해 기호 그 자체가 제시하는 형태가 하나의 미적질서로 이해되는 단계로 나아간다. 현실에 대한 부정성은 자유로운 정신세계를 지향하면서 표면화되는데, 그것의 구체적인 형태는 비일상적인 언어실험의 형태로 나타나고, 이러한 바탕에는 끝없는 자유를 향한 모험의 도정이 놓인다. 정치, 문화적인 자유로 해석가능한 여지가 있지만, 초현실주의의 이념에 기반한 바탕은 모든 것으로부터의 총체적인 자유의 정신이라고 할 수 있다.Steering launched Nomanpa in 1946, He published a Normanpa magazine, published four books, formed a The “second half group” in 1949, and died of a heart attack in 1984. In light of the peculiarities of the 1950s, Steering’s poetry became dominated by experimental poetry based on surrealism. The first to introduce this surrealist poetic theory was Kim Ki-lim. In the 1930s, surrealist poems take place through the idea of Sam-Sa literature. The spirit of revolution, represented by the system of thinking of surrealism, referred to the willingness to overcome the limitations and contradictions of the times. During the terrible experience of World War I, it became an equation of active despair that read the age through self-death and aversion, aside from reflective reason. This was accepted as a method aspect of poetry work and read as a discourse on overcoming reality. The spirit of surrealism thus is the product of the experimental spirit that attempts to deny, overcome, and recreate the reality while targeting the text. If we list some of these concrete mental phenomena, we can divide them into the following categories: (1) spirit of reality, (2) spirit of language experimentation, and (3) spirit of freedom. Rather than interpreting the language in the traditional sense, it considers it as a completely independent and indecipherable symbol, and proceeds to the stage where the form itself is manifested as an aesthetic order through its combination, destruction, or various arrangements. The negativity of reality is highlighted in the direction of a free spirit world where its concrete form appears as an extraordinary language experimentation, and where the ground of adventure toward endless freedom lies on the same. There is room to interpret the same as political and cultural freedom, but the basis of surrealism is the total spirit of freedom from everything.
Detecting Wearable Objects via Transfer Learning

Transfer learning is a well known technique to circumvent the problem of small datasets in deep machine learning. It has been successfully used in the field of camera surveillance image processing which suffers from poor data quality and quantity. We focused on the task of wearable object detection, namely distinguishing if a person is or is not wearing a backpack. We created new annotations for the DukeMTMC-attribute dataset to overcome the discrepancies among the attributes. We explored transfer learning with a frozen feature extractor as well as the model fine-tuning, which turned out to perform much better. In both setups we found that the Densenet161 is the best from tested architectures. Our best model achieved about 92% balanced accuracy on the testing set.