Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Multi-modal Latent-Space Self-alignment for Super-Resolution Cardiac MR Segmentation

2D cardiac MR cine images provide data with a high signal-to-noise ratio for the segmentation and reconstruction of the heart. These images are frequently used in clinical practice and research. However, the segments have low resolution in the through-plane direction, and standard interpolation methods are unable to improve resolution and precision. We proposed an end-to-end pipeline for producing high-resolution segments from 2D MR images. This pipeline utilised a bilateral optical flow warping method to recover images in the through-plane direction, while a SegResNet automatically generated segments of the left and right ventricles. A multi-modal latent-space self-alignment network was implemented to guarantee that the segments maintain an anatomical prior derived from unpaired 3D high-resolution CT scans. On 3D MR angiograms, the trained pipeline produced high-resolution segments that preserve an anatomical prior derived from patients with various cardiovascular diseases.
HYBRID WAY TO ENSURE USER PRIVACY WHEN WORKING WITH A WEB-BROWSER

Introduction: One of the most common privacy vulnerabilities on the Internet is digital tracking that identifies users, which includes cookies and digital fingerprinting mechanisms. A comparative analysis of existing modern web tracking methods shows that approaches that rely on detecting and blocking web trackers are less effective than ones using value spoofing, since they do not provide passive fingerprinting methods protection, and are also easily detectable and, as a consequence, are susceptible to being used user identification. To eliminate these shortcomings, new, generally combined, methods should be developed. Purpose is to analyze the main mechanisms and varieties of digital tracking, describe the principles of their operation and develop an effective hybrid method to counteract the digital fingerprinting of the user's device. Results: It is shown that fingerprint tracking is extremely dangerous, as it cannot be effectively blocked by the browser. To solve the problem, a hybrid method of spoofing transmitted data, including both randomization and unification, is proposed. This method is chosen due to the fact that it provides protection against known digital fingerprinting methods. In addition, the method lacks the tracker detection stage, that provides instant protection. Characteristics with a wider range of possible values, that are also difficult to unify (Canvas, WebGL, Audio) are proposed to be replaced with the real ones with the addition of minor distortions. Attributes that must comply with the value adequacy property and changing of which may disrupt the website will be unified. Consequently, it is proposed to unify HTTP headers and global JavaScript browser parameters. The software implementation of the described algorithm is made in the JavaScript programming language in the ECMAScript 6 specification using the standard of the Web-Extensions API cross-browser add-on development system.
LABELING STILL IMAGES USING FRACTAL GAUSSIAN NOISE AND 2D DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM FOR COPYRIGHT PROTECTION

Introduction. The relevance of copyright protection for multimedia content is determined by the using digital objects in all areas of life. The number and qualification of malefactors aimed at using someone else's intellectual work is constantly growing. The problem of copyright protection can be solved by using steganography methods. Despite the wide development of the topic, there are a number of problems that limit the use of classical steganography methods. The resistance of many well-known methods to unauthorized access is based on knowledge of the algorithm without the use of additional keys. This leaves the methods vulnerable to modification and removal of the embedded label by an intruder. The aim of the study is to increase the stability of copyright protection algorithms from unauthorized access. It is proposed to embed watermarks in two stages: at the first stage, the digital watermark values are replaced by sequences of fractal Gaussian noise, then the resulting fractal key is embedded in the protected image by replacing the wavelet decomposition coefficients. Methods: The fast Fourier transform algorithm was used to generate fractal Gaussian noise. The Hurst exponent of noise sequences was estimated using R/S analysis. Results: A new algorithm for embedding digital watermarks into images based on fractal Gaussian noise and discrete wavelet transform is proposed. The values of rational parameters of the algorithm, such as the decomposition level, the scaling factor, the length of the noise sequence, the values of the Hurst exponent for a single sequence, and the threshold value, are determined to achieve the best balance between the quality of embedding and extraction.
Metadata Elements for Children in Theory and Practice

This research aimed to investigate the status of children-specific metadata elements in theory (existing literature) and practice (metadata standards and children’s digital libraries). Literature reviews as well as two cases, including children’s online national libraries of Iran, and Singapore, are used to identify children-specific metadata elements and their application. The results revealed that descriptive metadata types had been mentioned more than analytical, social, and relational types; the DCMI metadata standard, besides LOM and ALTO metadata standards, can be used to develop an application profile for children’s library catalogs. Two cases showed that they partially cover children-specific metadata elements, and neither has covered relational metadata elements. A deeper analysis of the children-specific metadata elements suggests that children’s catalogs should be semantic and social. The results of this study can be insightful for children’s book catalogers and children’s book publishers (for marketing purposes).
TECHNOLOGIES FOR AUTOMATIC KNOWLEDGE EXTRACTION FROM POORLY STRUCTURED INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT TASKS IN UNSTABLE IMMERSION ENVIRONMENTS

The problem of automatic knowledge extraction from poorly structured text data is considered. The application uses the task of proactive management in unstable immersion environments. A brief overview and critical analysis of the current state of knowledge extraction technologies from text messages are presented. A formalized formulation of the task of extracting knowledge from textual information was carried out. The structures of an automated system for preprocessing text documents and a training data polygon were developed. Options for creating search and statistical technologies for extracting knowledge from text messages are presented.
Irving Fisher, Ronald Coase, and DeFi

The crypto world promises all peer-to-peer transactions disconnected from government regulations. Movement to decentralise financial institutions (DeFi), via blockchain technology, was underpinned by a belief of using smart contracts. Finance encompasses all transactions between Today Goods and tomorrow goods (TDTM). This trading world is currently under construction. According to Fisher, trading with future entails fundamental TDTM principles. According to Coase, all contracts are subjected to transaction costs. The success of DeFi ultimately must answer to how transaction costs are lowered in TDTM. The 2020 world pandemic fuelled crypto activities. If crypto can live up to its promise for reducing transaction costs, a fiat world inflation is actually a crypto world deflation. Existing real investment in the crypto world can increase or decrease the marginal product of capital, DeFi Rate is different from the real interest rate. This article interprets the findings in the framework of Fisher and Coase.
Study on Method of Extraction and Clustering of Model Construction Style

With the development of modeling and simulation technology in various fields, more and more modeling and simulation software are springing up. The diversity and complexity of software make the integration of heterogeneous models a significant challenge. The purpose of this paper is to address the issue of characteristics extraction for heterogeneous models in multi-fields. In this paper, the characteristics of heterogeneous models are abstracted into Model Construction Style (MCS), and a method of extraction and clustering of model construction style is presented. In this process, the general features of the model are extracted to form the model template, namely MCS, and model templates are clustered to establish the model construction style. The results show that this method can abstract the characteristics of multi-domain heterogeneous models and support the construction of a heterogeneous model style library.
Fully On-chip Electrically-pumped Laser-integrated Two and High-dimensional Entangled Photon Pair Source

We demonstrate an electrically-pumped laser-integrated quantum light source of two and high-dimensional entangled photons. Our hybrid InP-Si 3 N 4 source is fully-integrated, compact, and field-deployable, bringing the required scalability to photonic quantum processing.
Quantum Approximate Optimization for Continuous Problems on a Programmable Photonic Quantum Computer

We demonstrate a continuous-variable version of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm on a programmable single-mode photonic quantum computer, minimizing one-variable continuous functions. The results highlight the potential of continuous-variable quantum computing in near-term applications.
Competency-based learning in the training of civil defense commissioners of educational institutions

The article actualizes the problem of training civil defense commissioners of educational institutions in the context of the manifestation of new types of threats (the COVID-19 pandemic, the phenomenon of shooting and explosions in educational institutions, etc.). At this stage of the development of the system of training specialists in civil defense, a contradiction has arisen between the need to train competent managers in the field of civil defense for educational institutions capable of solving a wide range of professional tasks and outdated approaches to professional development (including primary training) of these specialists. The aim of the study is to substantiate the effectiveness of the introduction of a competence-based approach in the training of civil defense commissioners of educational institutions as the main vector in professional development. To achieve this aim, the following research methods were used: analysis of normative legal acts, pedagogical literature, included observation, and pedagogical experiment. The study was conducted in the period from 2019 to 2021, the number of participants in the experiment was 78 people and included: students of the Educational and Methodological Center for Civil Defense of Tomsk Oblast and Civil Protection Courses in Tomsk; civil defense commissioners of educational institutions of Tomsk Oblast; persons exercising control and supervisory functions in the field of civil defense. The implementation of the competence approach was achieved through the introduction of innovations in the training program of the experimental group and consisted in: shifting the main vector of training specialists in the civil defense of educational institutions to the holistic formation of competencies rather than knowledge, skills and abilities; carrying out visits with the analysis of specific civil defense systems of institutions, the Tomsk College of Civil Transport and the Tomsk Industrial Technical School; conducting scheduled evacuation training sessions from classes with students from the experimental group; carrying out the final defense of complex projects that allow assessing the holistic view of the individual about the studied subject. According to the data obtained as a result of the study, the value of the overall level of competencies in the control and experimental groups has changed by 15% and 26%, respectively, since the beginning of training. The efficiency indicator of the introduction of the competence approach was 11%, which, taking into account the limited number of training hours (72 hours), can be characterized as a positive result. Summing up the overall result of the study, it should be emphasized that the implementation of the competence approach has shown sufficient effectiveness. At the same time, we believe, that an increase in the volume of training hours, taking into account the introduction of the proposed competence model, will allow us to achieve even more significant results.
The system of general and higher education in the Russian Empire: Principles and directions of public policy, regulation, and governing bodies (a historical and legal aspect)

The system of educational institutions of general and higher education, governing bodies, regulation by law of the educational sphere, and, in general, the directions of state educational policy are the most important sphere of any state. From this point of view, this study examines the history of the development of the educational sphere in the Russian Empire and analyzes the main stages and changes that took place in public policy, administration and regulation by law of these processes. Given the wide variety of groups of educational institutions in the country in the 18th - early 20th centuries, this work only considers issues related to the system of general and higher educational institutions, that is, institutions implementing primary public education, male and female secondary education, and universities. In this aspect, the author analyzes the guiding principles of organizing education at the central level - in institutions belonging to the Ministry of Public Education, because it was they who served, first of all, the goals of training a subject of the Russian Empire “in general”, as a basic element of the entire state and the system of public relations. Using the structural-functional and problem-chronological approaches, the author distinguished three periods (with internal stages) based on a general analysis of state policy in approaches to education and, as a consequence, analyzing the corresponding system of educational institutions, governing bodies and normative regulation of the educational sphere. The author concludes that the educational policy directly depended on the ideological views and directions of the domestic policy of the monarchs and the elite of Russia. In the system of organization and management of education, there was a constant struggle between two tendencies: liberal transformations (the beginning of the 19th century, the years of the Great Reforms and the short period of the bourgeois-democratic republic of the Provisional Government) and conservative-protective transformations (tendencies characteristic of a longer period of time throughout the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century) The first tendency was characterized by the all-class nature of education, the elimination of class restrictions, the autonomy of university management, etc. The second trend was characterized by the establishment of class barriers in order to restrict access to education (and therefore, in the future, to public service, to social elevators, etc.) of the lower strata of the country's population, the limitation of the autonomy of universities, the acquisition of a higher level of education by subjects who were considered as a support of the monarchical regime - by landowners, officials, the military, etc.
Digitalization capabilities of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National Uneversity Museum and exhibition service through QR – code application

This article offers methods of organization of digital QR-code and audio-guide tour by improving museum and exhibition activity of the university. Today, taking into account the modern needs of customers and tourists there is an opportunity to view museum and exhibition exhibits online and offline, choosing the right language and listening to interesting information. To revitalize the marketing services of our university, we offer a digital service by updating the pages of the site and launching a «museum and exhibition exhibits» page. World experience shows that QR-code services are very suitable for customers, including guests and tourists. The author’s signature is presented in the article, which are: firstly, QR-code for the website of the L.N. Gumilyov ENU, and secondly, the QR-code of «Ancient Turkish records» presented by the authors for the «Museum and exhibition exhibits» page.
SERGEI PROKOFIEV OPERA HOUSE: A CYCLE OF BINARY MACROSTRUCTURES

The S. Prokofiev Theater is today considered one of the pinnacles of the world musical theater of the 20th century. This article is devoted to the opera theater of S. Prokofiev and its philosophical overtones. It is important to understand the features of the formation and development of such a theater as a whole, to comprehend the design of the Prokofiev theater as a system of separate theatrical works in the creative mind of the author. The logic of the composer’s theatrical creativity, which in a peculiar way refracted the philosophy of Kant and Schopenhauer, required that each new work of this genre be created in contrast with the previous one. As a result, the entire array of Prokofiev’s operas appears in the form of a system of philosophical antinomies embodied in the form of a cycle of opera dyads. Thus, Prokofiev managed to present in the form of binary macrostructures of his musical theater the inconsistency of the surrounding reality and the insolubility of ideological disputes about it, which are formed as a set of “theses” and “antitheses” that are not subject to synthesis. Considering the cycle of Prokofiev’s operas as a system of semantic antinomies makes it possible to present the corpus of his musical and theatrical works as a single text (hypertext) - in all the variety of intertextual connections and philosophical overtones.
Low Complexity and High Robustness Image Dehaze Algorithm

This paper proposes a low complexity, high robustness dark channel prior image dehaze method.This method addresses the shortcomings of the 'dark channel prior' dehaze method by Kaiming He et al.Firstly, for the scenario of 'dark channel prior' failure, the 'linear stretching' method is proposed to estimate the dark channel after fog removal, then fuse the two 'dark channel' images, and the modified transmissivity is finally obtained.Secondly, because the introduction of the 'Guided Filter' increases the computation of the algorithm, this paper raises the 'pixel-based transmissivity estimation' proposed to remove the 'Guided filter', which not only saves hardware resources, but also eliminates the 'block effect ' and 'Halo effect'.
Design of collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm combining time weight and reward and punishment factors

For distributed recommendation systems built on Spark and Flink big data platforms, when machine learning libraries are used for offline recommendation, Cartesian product calculation will be carried out, which consumes a large amount of memory and causes long algorithm execution time.In real-time recommendation, traditional recommendation algorithm model cannot dynamically sense the interest drift of users, resulting in poor recommendation results.To solve the above problems.This paper introduces the heapsort algorithm into the offline recommendation algorithm to solve the problem that ALS algorithm in MLlib will perform Cartesian product operation in model prediction, which consumes a lot of memory and takes a long time to execute the algorithm.The real-time recommendation algorithm introduces Ebbinghaus forgetting curve, and the fusion of timing weight and reward and punishment factors to dynamically perceive the drift of user interest and generate personalized TOP-N recommendation results.Experimental results show that the execution rate of the offline algorithm adopted in this paper is significantly improved when the RMSE index is basically unchanged.The accuracy rate and recall rate of the real-time recommendation algorithm are significantly improved, and the recommendation results are more in line with users' interests.
Construction of Three-dimensional College English Teaching Resource Bank in Application-oriented Universities

English is a basic subject in application-oriented universities.Although the implementation of new curriculum reform has improved the English teaching level in application-oriented universities, with the advent of the information age, the disadvantages of previous English teaching based on textbooks have become increasingly prominent.It can be said that the advent of the digital age has brought new challenges to English teaching in application-oriented universities.The construction of three-dimensional English resource database can deeply integrate curriculum teaching and information technology, and it plays an important role in promoting the optimization and reform of college English teaching mode.This paper discusses the construction of integrated college English teaching resource database in application-oriented universities, hoping to bring new ideas to related workers.
Source selection and transfer defect learning based cross-project defect prediction

Software defect is an important metric to evaluate software quality. Too many defects will make the software unavailable and cause economic losses. The aim of software defect prediction (SDP) is to find defects as early as possible. Based on this, source project selection and transfer defect learning based cross-project defect prediction (STCPDP) is proposed. This method firstly sets the threshold of the metrics to predict the defect more effectively, secondly computes the similarity between different project versions to find the appropriate train sets, and finally combines the popular transfer defect learning method TCA + to predict software defects based on the logistic linear regression model. Experimental results show that when the defect probability threshold is about 0.4, STCPDP has better performance based on the F-measure metric, and STCPDP can effectively improve the popular CPDP models.