Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Exploring Dual Encoder Architectures for Question Answering

Dual encoders have been used for questionanswering (QA) and information retrieval (IR) tasks with good results.Previous research focuses on two major types of dual encoders, Siamese Dual Encoder (SDE), with parameters shared across two encoders, and Asymmetric Dual Encoder (ADE), with two distinctly parameterized encoders.In this work, we explore different ways in which the dual encoder can be structured, and evaluate how these differences can affect their efficacy in terms of QA retrieval tasks.By evaluating on MS MARCO, open domain NQ and the Mul-tiReQA benchmarks, we show that SDE performs significantly better than ADE.We further propose three different improved versions of ADEs by sharing or freezing parts of the architectures between two encoder towers.We find that sharing parameters in projection layers would enable ADEs to perform competitively with or outperform SDEs.We further explore and explain why parameter sharing in projection layer significantly improves the efficacy of the dual encoders, by directly probing the embedding spaces of the two encoder towers with t-SNE algorithm (van der Maaten and Hinton, 2008).
Towards Better Document-level Relation Extraction via Iterative Inference

Document-level relation extraction (RE) aimsto extract the relations between entities from the input document that usually containing many difficultly-predicted entity pairs whose relations can only be predicted through relational inference.Existing methods usually directly predict the relations of all entity pairs of input document in a one-pass manner, ignoring the fact that predictions of some entity pairs heavily depend on the predicted results of other pairs.To deal with this issue, in this paper, we propose a novel document-level RE model with iterative inference.Our model is mainly composed of two modules: 1) a base module expected to provide preliminary relation predictions on entity pairs; 2) an inference module introduced to refine these preliminary predictions by iteratively dealing with difficultlypredicted entity pairs depending on other pairs in an easy-to-hard manner.Unlike previous methods which only consider feature information of entity pairs, our inference module is equipped with two Extended Cross Attention units, allowing it to exploit both feature information and previous predictions of entity pairs during relational inference.Furthermore, we adopt a two-stage strategy to train our model.At the first stage, we only train our base module.During the second stage, we train the whole model, where contrastive learning is introduced to enhance the training of inference module.Experimental results on three commonly-used datasets show that our model consistently outperforms other competitive baselines.
FocusQA: Open-Domain Question Answering with a Context in Focus

We introduce question answering with a context in focus, a task that simulates a free interaction with a QA system.The user reads on a screen some information about a topic and they can follow-up with questions that can be either related or not to the topic; and the answer can be found in the document containing the screen content or from other pages.We call such information context.To study the task, we construct FOCUSQA, a dataset for answer sentence selection (AS2) with 12,165 unique question, context pairs and a total of 109,940 answers.To build the dataset, we developed a novel methodology that takes existing questions and pairs them with relevant contexts.To show the benefits of this approach, we present a comparative analysis with a set of questions written by humans after reading the context, showing that our approach greatly helps in eliciting more realistic question, context pairs.Finally, we show that the task poses several challenges for incorporating contextual information.In this respect, we introduce strong baselines for answer sentence selection that outperform the precision of state-of-the-art models for AS2 up to 21.3% absolute points.
Q-CASA Invited Speaker Structured noise in quantum computers: an obstacle or an opportunity?

The single greatest challenge in building workable quantum computers is noise, arising from uncontrolled interactions between qubits and their surrounding environment. In superconducting circuits—one of the most advanced, and broadly studied, qubit modalities—this noise has distinctive spectral features that are fairly universal across a wide array of qubit designs. In recent years, clever techniques to exploit this structure through the use of AC driving, coupling to intentionally lossy objects, and strong qubit-qubit interactions have led to innovative new qubit designs that would be impractical or even impossible in other platforms. In this talk, I provide an overview of important new results in this area, with special focus on two recent advances from my group. First, I will discuss the Star Code, a fully autonomous error correction protocol using just two tunably coupled transmon qubits, which was successfully demonstrated in a recent experiment. Second, I will describe the Cold Echo Qubit architecture, which consists of two or three strongly coupled flux-type qubits subject to strong, continuous AC drives, suppressing all single qubit error channels in a similarly autonomous manner. Finally, I will sketch how these devices might be incorporated as an autonomous “base layer” of a larger digital error correction code, and how the core principles of their operation can inspire novel quantum algorithms for quantum simulation and optimization.
Economic and Social Determinants of Women’s Demand for Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Nets in Cameroon

Background: Malaria is a fatal, but preventable and curable parasitic disease that is widespread in Africa.Insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) are one of the most effective preventive methods.The aim of this study was to analyze the economic and social determinants of women's demand for ITN in Cameroon. Methods:We used a cross-sectional study design of a nationwide stratified, two-stage sampling including 9,733 women.A logistic regression model was used for both bivariate and multivariate analysis with a statistically significant level of p<0,05.Results: Women's demand for ITNs was relatively low at 28.8% of the sample.Some 17.37% of employed women expressed demand for ITNs, compared with 6.71% of unemployed women (p<0.00).Demand for ITNs was significant between the different quintiles of economic well-being, with respectively 1.66% and 4.89% among the poorest and poorest, and 6.40%, 5.51% and 5.62% among the middle class, richer and richest (p<0.00).Social determinants such as age between 35-49 years, primary, secondary or tertiary education, an educated husband, single, prenatal consultations in a formal health center, Christian religion, access to media, residence in an urban area, living in the Adamaoua, Far-North, Littoral, South, and South West regions significantly influence women's demand for ITN in Cameroon. Conclusion:Health policy-makers should direct strategies to strengthen the economic and social determinants identified in this study, in order to boost demand for and use of ITNs by women in the country.
Reform and Development Innovation of College English Teaching in the New Era

College English is a compulsory course for college students, and its importance is self-evident.In universities, English is one of the most important subjects besides specialized courses.Even for many people, college English is more important than specialized courses.In order to adapt to the development of the times, ELT (English Language Teaching) reform has been carried out frequently, but there is no effective mode and practice that can be implemented.However, the neglect of students' oral expression ability in teaching evaluation has led to significant limitations in ELT today.For some students who lack willpower, facing heavy and challenging learning tasks may lead to fear, making them less willing to learn English knowledge and skills.Existing problems cannot be solved, and new problems may arise, leading to a vicious cycle.Through the reform of ELT in universities, the importance of English can be effectively improved, and people's attention to English can be gradually improved, so as to speed up the pace of China's integration with internationalization and make great contributions to China's construction and development.
USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY FOR FORENSIC ENGINEERING OF DIGITAL ASSET BUSINESS IN THAILAND

This research article aims to study the use of blockchain technology for forensic engineering in Thai digital asset business. This research uses qualitative research methods based on in-depth interviews with experts related to blockchain technology. Digital asset business and engineering verification is a study based on the digital forensic process model. According to the international standard ISO/IEC 27037 , it consists of 4 components: 1) evidence identification 2) data collection 3) data acquisition 4) integrity of evidence. The study found that the use of blockchain technology increases the efficiency of the digital forensics process, solves problems in the original system andmakes the information and the evidence to be accurate and reliable. Blockchain technology also increases the security of information as Information security management system standards(ISMS) or ISO 27001 has completed all 3 elements: confidentiality, integrity and readiness for use.
Chapter 15. Lifted Relational Neural Networks: From Graphs to Deep Relational Learning

Lifted Relational Neural Networks (LRNNs) were introduced in 2015 [1] as a framework for combining logic programming with neural networks for efficient learning of latent relational structures, such as various subgraph patterns in molecules. In this chapter, we will briefly re-introduce the framework and explain its current relevance in the context of contemporary Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Particularly, we will detail how the declarative nature of differentiable logic programming in LRNNs can be used to elegantly capture various GNN variants and generalize to novel, even more expressive, deep relational learning concepts. Additionally, we will briefly demonstrate practical use and computation performance of the framework.
Fire Dashboard Design in Bandung

Disaster is an event that is dangerous for all living things. There are so many catastrophic events that occur in the environment such as earthquakes, landslides, floods, volcanic eruptions, and so on. One of the disaster events that often occurs in the community is fire. Fire is a disaster that occurs due to fire activity. Fires can happen anywhere. Most of the fires occur in populated areas. Information about fires can be recorded in detail according to each fire incident. Based on this information, fire data can be packaged into a visualization. The purpose of this research is to form a dashboard design that can show the visualization of fire data. The fire data used in the dashboard design is the details of fires in Bandung. The data used is data from the Bandung fires in 2018 and 2019. In addition, there is also external data, namely data on the average air temperature associated with data on fires that occurred in Bandung. The data on the average air temperature associated are also equated with the data for the year of fire, namely 2018 and 2019. The dashboard design uses the prototyping method. Then the visualized data can be used to make it easier for users to find out details and information on fires that have occurred. The result of this research is to produce a fire dashboard with a correlation between the number of fire incidents and the average air temperature in Bandung.
A Global Overview of Data Security, Safety, Corporate Data Privacy, and Data Protection

These days it is common to hear public employees threaten privacy in the name of “Procedure Established by Law” or “Public Duty,” two concepts that are perhaps the most important to human life on this planet. Let's imagine for a moment what a person would be like without privacy rights, which include all of the private rights associated with family, employment, relationships, etc. Simply said, privacy is essential to human health and is the means by which a tranquil existence with dignity and freedom is genuinely guaranteed. With the rise in social media use and the gradual digitalization of our country, it is fair to say that we are in a “Cyber Era”. Data protection and privacy are inextricably interwoven, and they now occupy a highly important and delicate area in the legal system. In order to acquire material and further refine it into a precise piece of information, the review paper uses secondary sources. It is reviewed using the analogical technique of research. Cyber security is a crucial modern-era prerequisite for a safe digital and cyber ecosystem. Since most business processes now take place online, data and resources are at risk from various cyber threats. Since data and system resources serve as the bedrock of the organization, any threat to these components automatically poses a hazard to the organization as a whole.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Articulate Storyline Materi Sistem Reproduksi Manusia Kelas XI SMA Negeri 11 Pangkep

This study is a development research that aims to produce a product in the form of interactive learning media based on Articulate Storyline in Human Reproductive System material. This development research refers to the ADDIE development model which consists of five stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The subjects of the study were students of grade XI. IPA at SMAN 11 Pangkep. Based on the results of data analysis, it shows that 1) the interactive learning media based on Articulate Storyline on Human Reproductive System material meets the valid criteria with a mean score of 4.54 (very valid), 2) the interactive learning media based on Articulate Storyline material on Human Reproductive System material meets the practical criteria based on the results of the teacher's response by 95.93% (very positive) and the results of the student’s response by 84, 56% (very positive), 3) the interactive learning media based on Articulate Storyline on Human Reproductive System material meets the effective criteria with the percentage of completeness of learning outcomes by 84.62%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the interactive learning media based on Articulate Storyline material on Human Reproductive System material has met the valid, practical, and effective criteria.
Plurilingualisme dalam Bahasa Suku Kayaan Medalaam Desa Datah Diaan Kecamatan Putussibau Utara Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu

This study aimed to describe and analyze the languages of Kayaan Mendalaam Tribe. Umaa’ Aging, Umaa’ Suling, and Umaa’ Pagung are the three groups of language speakers. Plurilingualism is their experience speaking in more than one languages and using it according to their needs without actually mastering all the languages. This research used the ethnography method to provide the description of the research findings and the ethnography concept to analyze the languages. This study used qualitative descriptive approach. The tools of data collection were observation guidelines, interview guidelines, and documentation. The techniques of data collection were interviews, observation, and documentation. The study results found that the three groups of languages speakers have the same culture; however they are different in using the languages, especially in daily life, traditional ceremonies, and religious rituals. The languages differentiation is still lacking dan authors hopes that further research will complete this section.
Increasing Activities and Mathematics Learning Outcomes Using the Cogan Model in Elementary School Students

The problems in this study are the lack of understanding of students, low interest in Mathematics, and teacher centered learning. The purpose of carrying out this research is to describe the activities of educators and students and to increase learning outcomes. Using Classroom Action Research, with a qualitative approach, results from observation sheets and learning achievement tests. These results indicate that the teacher's activities at each meeting have increased to become "Very Good". The activity of students also increased at meeting 1 to get "Quite Active" and increased at meeting 4 to become the criteria of "Very Active". The classical completeness of student learning outcomes at meeting 1 obtained 44% and increased at meeting 4 obtained 94%. Based on the results of these studies it can be concluded that there is an increase in activity and learning outcomes with the use of the COGAN model.
End-to-End Dual-Stream Transformer with a Parallel Encoder for Video Captioning

In this paper, we propose an end-to-end dual-stream transformer with a parallel encoder (DST-PE) for video captioning, which combines multimodal features and global–local representations to generate coherent captions. First, we design a parallel encoder that includes a local visual encoder and a bridge module, which simultaneously generates refined local and global visual features. Second, we devise a multimodal encoder to enhance the representation ability of our model. Finally, we adopt a transformer decoder with multimodal features as inputs and local visual features fused with textual features using a cross-attention block. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance with low training costs on several widely used datasets.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN E-LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X TKJ SMK WIRA KESUMA JAYA NAMORAMBE TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of E-learning on the learning outcomes of Class X TKJ students at SMK Wira Kesuma Jaya Namorambe for the academic year 2021/2022.This research belongs to the type of qualitative descriptive research, which describes, describes, or describes the state of the object under study as it is, according to the situation and conditions when the research was conducted.The data collection techniques in this study used observation, interviews and documentation.This study illustrates that the implementation of online learning at Wira Kesuma Jaya Namorambe Vocational School has been carried out in the Good category.In the implementation of Elearning learning, teachers and students use Google Classroom, Whatsapp and Zoom.In the implementation of online learning, teachers use Whatsapp more often to communicate with students, besides that Whatsapp is used by teachers to share information related to learning.Meanwhile, in the implementation of online learning, the teacher uses Google Classroom and Zoom to deliver learning materials
Instalasi Air Bersih Sistem Tertutup di Mushola Al-Muqoramah Desa Serdang Kulon Kabupaten Tangerang

Based on the observations of the Al-Muqoramah prayer room (mushola) in Serdang Kulon Village Tangerang Regency, there are several facilities that has not met standards. There was no standardized-installation of clean water supply and proper toilet facilities. In this community service activities, several things are carried out that is expected to be a solution to the problem of those facilities. First, the clean water supply system would be improved by replacing water pumps, providing water reservoirs, installing automatic pump systems including piping and providing ablution places (wudhu) to ensure the availability of clean water. Then, a proper restroom facilities was build. It is expected that in the future the clean water facilities that have been built by the Community Partnership Service (PKM) team can be a standard for the construction of facilities of prayer room, especially in the rural areas.
Selecting and implementing technologies in libraries: a primer <b>Selecting and implementing technologies in libraries: a primer</b> (Library and Information Technology Association LITA Guides), by Tod Colegrove, Lanham, Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers, 2022, 168 pp., $74.99 (soft cover), ISBN 978-1-5381-1505-3

"Selecting and implementing technologies in libraries: a primer." Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), p. 1
Spatio-Temporal Trend Analysis of Reference Evapotranspiration in Central Luzon, Philippines

Understanding trends in reference evapotranspiration (ETₒ) and their influencing factors is crucial for calculations of irrigation requirements and water management. Meteorological data in Central Luzon (1985–2019) were used to estimate ETₒ using the FAO Penman-Monteith method. Spatial and temporal ETₒ trends were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. Correlation and sensitivity analyses were conducted to analyze the impact of weather variables on ETₒ. Positive correlations were observed for maximum temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed whereas negative correlations were observed for relative humidity and minimum temperature. In general, ETₒ was statistically dependent and most sensitive to solar radiation, maximum temperature, and relative humidity. ETₒ in the stations surrounded by mountains was consistently lower than the stations in the agricultural areas by 197 and 207 mm for the dry season and annual basis, respectively. The increasing trends with a magnitude of 3.98 mm/yr in annual ETₒ were caused by the rising trend in solar radiation and maximum temperature and a decreasing trend in relative humidity. The decreasing ETₒ trend (–2.6 to –4.63 mm/yr) predominant in the study area was mainly attributed to the decreasing trend of solar radiation and wind speed. Areas with increasing ETₒ trends indicate the need for supplemental irrigation. Decreasing ETₒ trends may indicate climate change, land-use change, or human-related factors.
Creating a Large-Scale Monster with Style

The creation of the stylized, large-scale monster in the film Nimona presented a number of unique visual and technical challenges. The creature was central to the story’s emotional climax and needed to be highly emotive. The monster was portrayed on a grand scale, with highly stylized art direction and an abstract, amorphous design. The intention was to convey negative emotion using smoke-like streaming shapes. Here, we present an overview of the techniques used to bring this massive, dynamic, and highly stylized creature to life.
The Time Filter System: Advanced Time Manipulation for Animators and Effects Artists: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Matrix Math

Animation, in the classical sense, is all about timing and spacing. While many tools exist to aid in spatial manipulation, the Time Filter unlocks manipulation of time and offers new dimensions of control to the animation workflow.