Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Cases Typology for Teaching Foreign Languages to Prospective Teachers

The case technology is now mainstream among modern technologies of teaching foreign languages and cultures; foreign language lecturers actively use it. The means of its implementation are cases of different kinds and types. Purpose. The authors of this scientific article have achieved an attempt to classify professional cases of English language teachers in a secondary school. Methods. The analytical review of foreign language teachers’ professional cases classification carried out by Ukrainian methodologists is aimed to distinguish general and distinctive features of analyzed cases – the applied method of scientific research. Results. As a result of the correlation between foreign language teachers’ professional knowledge and foreign language lesson targets, types of professional cases have been identified. Linguistic cases are correlated with the practical target of the foreign language lesson, linguasocioculturalcases – with its educational target, pedagogical cases – with the upbringing target, and psychological cases – with the foreign language lesson development target. Within this combination of targets and cases, the methodological case is the universal mean of implementation of all four (five in high professional school) targets of foreign language teaching in a secondary school. Kinds of cases are specified according to their particular types by five classification criteria: the case function in the educative process, the aim of its use, the form of its representation, the number of performers, and the format of thestorage medium. Conclusion. Our outlook is based on further scientific studies that assume the design of the case complex (linguistic, lingua-sociocultural, psychological, and methodical) for Bachelor students – prospective English language teachers with the purpose to create their competence in dialogue speech.
Performance evaluation of LU matrix decomposition using the SYCL standard

The object of this study is the performance of the SYCL standard tools when solving the LU matrix decomposition problem. SYCL is a fairly new technology for parallel computing in heterogeneous systems, so the topic of evaluating the performance of the standard on specific tasks in the field of parallel computing is relevant. In the study, the algorithm of parallelized LU decomposition of a square matrix was implemented by means of the SYCL standard and standard C++, and an experiment was conducted to test the implementation in a heterogeneous system with several types of processors. During testing, the program received square matrices of various dimensions as input, and the output was the execution time of the LU schedule on the selected processor. The obtained results, presented in the form of tabular and graphic data, show the advantage of the implementation of the SYCL standard over ordinary C++ by more than 2 times when using a graphics processor. It was experimentally shown that the implementation on SYCL is almost not inferior in speed to the implementation on ordinary C++ when executed on a central processor. Such results are caused both by the high possibility of parallelizing the LU schedule algorithm itself, and by the great work of the developers of the standard on its optimization. The obtained results indicate the possibility of speeding up the solution of the LU decomposition of the matrix and similar algorithms by means of SYCL when using heterogeneous systems with processors optimized for data parallelism. The results of the study can be used in justifying the choice of technology for solving LU matrix decomposition problems or problems with a similar parallelization scheme.
CONTROL OF BUNDLE OF TRAJECTORIES OF A LINEAR DISCRETE SYSTEM WITH FINITE SETS OF INITIAL AND FINAL STATES

The article proposes an analysis of the problem of control of trajectory bundle of a linear discrete system. The problem of trajectory bundle control arises in applications characterized by the deterministic uncertainty of the initial conditions of the system, control of a group of objects of a similar nature, etc. To such problems belongs, in particular, the control problem for a beam of charged particles. In the statement of the problem studied in the paper, the control function is scalar, the set of initial states and the set of final states contain a finite number of elements. At the same time, the system is completely controlled. The problem is to find a control that transfers the system from a set of initial conditions to a set of final states. The problem is to find a control that transfers the system from a set of initial conditions to a set of final states. In the article, the problem of controlling a bundle of trajectories is reduced to the problem of terminal control of a linear discrete system of higher dimension. At the same time, the resulting system has a block structure. This approach is new. Applying the formula that establishes the dependence between the initial and final states of a discrete system, the problem of terminal control is reduced to the problem of finding a solution to a system of linear algebraic equations. Using the structure of the matrix of the system, as well as the form of the general solution of the system of linear algebraic equations, we obtain a general solution of the terminal control problem. Applying the properties of the pseudoinverse matrix, we prove the theorem on conditions of the solution existence and establish the function, which gives the general solution of the trajectory bundle control problem. This result has an algorithmic orientation.
PERIODIC MODES IN THE MODEL OF A MATHEMATICAL PENDULUM WITH IMPULSE EFFECT

The article is devoted to establishing the conditions for the existence of periodic regimes of the model of a mathematical pendulum with impulse effect. An important aspect is that such a system is subjected to the action of instantaneous forces at the moments when the moving point passes some fixed position. In addition, it is subjected to impulse action at unfixed moments of time, whereby its amount of movement is increased by a certain amount. The paper presents some theoretical aspects, as well as a description of the sequence of moments of time, which describes the mechanism of reducing the problem with impulse action at unfixed moments of time to the problem of finding fixed points of the interval within itself. The relevance and degree of research of the problem is revealed by comparing existing solutions to the problem and finding and adding new ones. Actually, this is the main task of this work. The resulting problem involves investigating the existence of conditions that ensure the existence of cycles to which periodic solutions correspond. In the work, a second-order differential equation with impulse action is investigated in a specific case with a fixed value of the position of the impulse action depending on the values of the parameters in the impulse action function. As a result, two cycles of period three were found. It is also demonstrated by verification that the given cycles form periodic solutions. The obtained results are recorded as detailed and informative as possible. In the work, a clear view of the points that guarantee the existence of periodic regimes in the system of the mathematical pendulum with impulse action is obtained and two graphs are given, that demonstrate the results of the experiment. It is illustrated in colors how the trajectories change after each action of impulse forces. Using a corollary from Sharkovsky's theorem, it is shown that if a function is continuous and has a periodic point of period three, then it has periodic points of any natural period. Therefore, in the system there are such periodic regimes in which the phase point undergoes impulse action exactly n times per period, where n is a natural number.
IDENTIFICATION OF SEPARATION CURVES OF STRONGLY CONTRASTING ENVIRONMENTS USING COMPLEX ANALYSIS METHODS

When modeling mass transfer processes (for example, filtration) in porous media, there may be cases of the existence of highly permeable layers, which are separated from the corresponding studied parts by some curves that must be found (identified) in the process of solving the problem. When constructing a mathematical model of the corresponding physical process, we will consider a highly permeable medium as "ideally (theoretically infinitely) permeable." In this case, the desired curve can be considered an equipotential line. This work considers the stationary process of fluid movement in a homogeneous horizontal layer of infinitely large dimensions - a soil massif, which is limited by infinite sections of curves, in particular by the desired curve of theoretical water resistance and the horizontal axis, on which the local speed of movement is known. On the basis of the methods of conformal reflections and total images, an approach to the identification of the curve of the separation of media is proposed. The constructed algorithm is modified for solving nonlinear inverse boundary value problems on quasi-conformal mappings of curvilinear polygonal regions bounded by uncertain streamlines and equipotential lines. The feature of the method proposed is that the summary representation formulae allow to explicitly write the solution to the localized linear (main) part of the obtained system of equations. The unknown coefficients are determined here by solving a non-linear system generated solely by the boundary conditions and numerical analogues of the Cauchy–Riemann equations.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran E-Book Biologi pada Materi Sistem Reproduksi Manusia di Kelas XI

This study is a development research that aims to produce a product in the form of a Biology e-book learning media on human reproductive system material. This development research refers to the development model of Alessi &amp; Trollip’s model which consists of three stages, namely planning, design, and development. The research instruments used were instrument validation sheets, teacher’s response questionnaire, students’ questionnaires, and learning outcomes test. The samples in this study were students of grade XI at SMK Kesehatan Yapika Makassar (Vocational High School of Health at Yapika Makassar). Based on the results of data analysis, it shows that: 1) the Biological e-book learning media on human reproductive system material meets the valid criteria with a mean score of 4.8 (valid), 2) the Biology e-book learning media on human reproductive system material meets the practical criteria based on the results of the teacher's response by 80.71% (very positive) and the result of the students’ responsesby 78.70% (positive), and 3) the Biology e-book learning media on human reproductive system material meets the effective criteria with the percentage of completeness of learning outcomes by 75% (good). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Biological e-book learning media on human reproductive system material has met valid, practical, and effective criteria.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Guided Discovery terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar dan Efikasi Diri Peserta Didik

This study is a quasi-experimental research that aims to examine whether there is an influence of Guided Discovery learning model on learning outcomes and students’ self-efficacy with pretest-posttest control group design. Data on learning outcomes were obtained through pre-test and post-test by giving a written test in the form of multiple choice questions with 30 questions, while self-efficacy data was also obtained through pre-test and post-test from filling out a self-efficacy questionnaire with 30 statements. The data analysis technique employed descriptive statistical analysis, N-Gain, and inferential with t test (independent sample test). The results of descriptive analysis show that (1) the learning outcomes of experimental class students are in moderate category. (2) for self-efficacy of experimental class students in moderate category. (3) the learning outcomes in the control class is in low category. (4) the students’ self-efficacy in the control class is in low category (5) the results of inferential statistical analysis show that there is a significant influence of implementing Guided Discovery learning model on the improvement of learning outcomes and self-efficacy of grade VIII students at SMPN Gollek No. 34 Selayar Islands.
FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSING STRESS AND ITS EVOLUTION IN LAYING HENS

In this work a fuzzy inference system design to estimate if laying hens present some level of stress without an expert intervention, as a poultry veterinarian, is presented. Additionally, in small farms usually hens diagnosed as stressed are isolated during some days until they are recovered. Moreover, isolated hens are diary examined by the expert to diagnose if the stress has disappeared. Here, it is important to point out that experts usually are unable to estimate the number of days that the hen will need to be kept in isolation until they are recovered. Therefore, as an additional advantage of the proposed FIS is that it can estimate this parameter. In this way it is shown that with the proposed FIS it was possible to determine with an accuracy of 98.62% the stress level and of 90.41% the number of days that the hen will require in isolation. Furthermore, the confusion matrices for these two variables shown that in most of the cases the incorrect estimations have an error of ±1 stress level and ±1 days of isolation. Finally, it is shown that it is feasible to implement this FIS because of the inferences are performed with variables that can be easily measured or identified by non-experts in the hen stress diagnostic. Consequently, it can help to minimize the frequency of the expert intervention in the process. Keywords: Fuzzy Logic, Inference System, Laying Hens, Stress, Classification.
Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of a Topological Ferromagnet (Adv. Sci. 22/2023)

Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling The profound question of how the laws of quantum mechanics merge into those governing classical physics at macroscopic sizes remains largely unexplored. In article number 2303165 by Kajetan M. Fijalkowski, Charles Gould, Laurens W. Molenkamp, and co-workers, quantum tunneling of the magnetization, a phenomenon quantum by nature, is studied in a magnetic object that is, without any doubt, macroscopic.
PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TERHADAP MULTIPLATFORM DIGITAL PADA KULIAH BAHASA INGGRIS SECARA DARING

The use of 21st century technology is growing rapidly, especially in the field of education. This is very helpful for online learning that we must use technology, so that students can experience a more meaningful learning experience and can develop their competencies anywhere and anytime. The aim of the research was to obtain information about students' perceptions of the use of digital multiplatform applications during English lectures. online. The applications used include Zoom, G Meet, Google Classroom, Quizizz, Crowd Buzzer, Genially, and you tube. This research method used a qualitative method that focusd on descriptive words. The survey was distributed to 80 odd semester students of the Al Islam Polytechnic of Bandung and interviews with 6 students to clarify the survey that had been filled out and add questions that were not included in the survey. They showd a positive attitude towards using digital multiplatforms during online lectures, even though internet network problems were still an obstacle. Based on interviews with six students. They revealed that the use of digital multiplatforms can help them learn English in an interactive and fun atmosphere.
Changes in web search query behavior of English-to-Chinese translation trainees

This article delves into the evolution of web search query behavior among translation trainees over a semester, using a repeated measures design. While prior research in Translation Studies has predominantly focused on information-seeking patterns and types of resources used, a crucial gap remains in understanding the web search query behavior of diverse translation practitioners. Specifically, this investigation analyzes intra-subject and inter-task level changes in web search query behavior within a group of 19 first-year master's students enrolled in an English-to-Chinese translation course, building upon key literature in the field. The statistical analysis conducted reveals changes in the examined variables—query time, query complexity, and query language—highlighting the importance of targeted research and training to enhance web search skills and search engine proficiency. These findings carry relevant implications for translation practitioners, particularly as new AI technologies continue to expand and enhance their search toolbox and skillset.
Chapter 24. Few-Shot Continual Learning Based on Vector Symbolic Architectures

Vector Symbolic Architecture (VSA) is a powerful computing model that is built on a rich algebra in which all representations—from atomic to composite structures—are high-dimensional holographic distributed vectors of the same, fixed dimensionality. VSA is mainly characterized by the following intriguing properties: (i) quasi-orthogonality of a randomly chosen vector to other random vectors with very high probability, aka concentration of measure; (ii) exponential growth of the number of such quasi-orthogonal vectors with the dimensionality, which provides a sufficiently large capacity to accommodate novel concepts over time; (iii) availability of these vectors to be composed, decomposed, probed, and transformed in various ways using a set of well-defined operations. Motivated by these properties, this chapter presents a summary of recently developed methodologies on the integration of VSA with deep neural networks that enabled impactful applications to few-shot [1] and continual [2, 3] learning. Resorting to VSA-based embedding allows deep neural networks to quickly learn from few training samples by storing them in an explicit memory, where many more class categories can be continually expressed in the abstract vector space of VSA with fixed dimensions, without causing interference among the learned classes. Experiments on various image datasets show that the considered neuro-symbolic AI approach outperforms pure deep neural network baselines with remarkable accuracy, scalability, and compute/memory efficiency.
Chapter 29. Latent Trees for Compositional Generalization

Despite the success of neural networks in many natural language processing tasks, recent work has shown that they often fail in compositional generalization, i.e., the ability to generalize to new structures built from components observed during training. In this chapter, we posit that this behavior, in standard architectures such as LSTMs and Transformers, stems from the fact that fragments on the output side are not explicitly tied to fragments on the input side. To address this, we introduce models that explicitly construct latent trees over the input, which are used to compositionally compute representations necessary for predicting the output. We show the compositional generalization abilities of our models exceed the abilities of pre-trained Transformer models on several datasets for both semantic parsing and grounded question answering.
Croatian Elementary School Teachers’ Maths Teaching Efficacy Beliefs: Knowledge Domains and Cross-Curricular Maths in the Post-Digital Era

This correlational study addressed two issues pertinent to developing mathematical competences for the 21st Century. Firstly, in a post-digital society, technology is recognized in teachers’ pedagogic and subject-specific knowledge domains. Secondly, cross-curricular teaching must be introduced to respond to societal requirements for maths knowledge application in diverse areas of life and work. Croatian educational reform recognized the importance of informatics and the integration of ICT across curricula supporting cross-curricular teaching. When reforming teaching, teaching efficacy beliefs inform change, and the study examined how technology pedagogy content knowledge (TPACK) contributes to teaching efficacy beliefs. Six hundred and six Croatian elementary school classroom teachers were surveyed for maths teaching efficacy beliefs (MTEBI) and self-assessment of their technology pedagogy content knowledge (TPACK). The study confirmed that the integration of technology knowledge in teachers’ pedagogical knowledge is, in addition to content knowledge, essential and predicts, with a large effect size ( f 2 = 0.64), the MTEBI subscale math teaching efficacy (MTE), while isolated technology knowledge does not. In addition, there is a positive correlation between years of service and pedagogy content knowledge and a negative correlation between years of service and technology pedagogy knowledge and technology knowledge, however, with a small effect size.
University Students’ Critical Literacy in Their Speaking Skill

Speaking is the way to communicate, to say something, to express ideas, and to make speech orally. Speakers say something based on the content they have, and the content is produced when speakers have critical literacy. The purpose of this research is to find out and to investigate critical literacy demonstrated by students in their speaking performance. This research used qualitative approach with descriptive analysis method. The samples of this research were 5th semester of 25 students from University of Muhammadiyah Tangerang. In collecting the data, the researcher used speaking test and interview with purposive sampling technique. The researcher found out that all critical literacy aspects occurred in the students’ content through their speech. High students presented more critical literacy’s indicator than medium and low students. High students had good preparation and achieved all critical literacy indicators, middle students had a little preparation and achieved half of critical literacy indicators, low students were lack of preparation and did not achieve critical literacy indicators. This study suggested that all stages of speaking process, especially pre-speaking stage, can help students to speak and stimulate their critical literacy better.
Building Resilience Together: Enhancing Community Preparedness for Flood Disasters in Meteseh Semarang

This study examines community preparedness for flood disasters in Dinar Indah, Meteseh Subdistrict, Semarang Municipal. Through qualitative analysis of data collected from 14 informants via in-depth interviews and observations, the study identifies various aspects of community preparedness. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of community cooperation and the implementation of emergency response plans, such as disaster management organizations, evacuation plans, simulations, and evacuation reports. The study reveals that the current warning system in Dinar Indah relies on traditional methods, such as kentongan (traditional instrument), electricity poles, and mechanical flood early warning tools. To address the challenges faced in Dinar Indah, the community mobilizes resources through human resources, funding, stakeholder coordination, and technical guidance. In summary, this research investigates community preparedness for floods in Dinar Indah, Semarang, focusing on key factors like knowledge, attitudes, experiences, vulnerabilities, and essential facilities. It emphasizes the significance of community collaboration, emergency response plans, and the need for an improved warning system. Furthermore, it highlights resource mobilization through human resources, funding, coordination, and technical guidance as vital elements for addressing the issues faced in Dinar Indah. Keywords: Knowledge, Preparedness, Flood Disaster