Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
ACF2: Accelerating Checkpoint-Free Failure Recovery for Distributed Graph Processing

Iterative computation in distributed graph processing systems typically incurs a long runtime. Hence, it is crucial for graph processing to tolerate and quick recover from intermittent failures. Existing solutions can be categorized into checkpoint-based and checkpoint-free solution. The former writes checkpoints periodically during execution, which leads to significant overhead. Differently, the latter requires no checkpoint. Once failure happens, it reloads input data and resets the value of lost vertices directly. However, reloading input data involves repartitioning, which incurs additional overhead. Moreover, we observe that checkpoint-free solution cannot effectively handle failures for graph algorithms with topological mutations. To address these issues, we propose ACF2 with a partition-aware backup strategy and an incremental protocol. In particular, the partition-aware backup strategy backs up the sub-graphs of all nodes after initial partitioning. Once failure happens, the partition-aware backup strategy recovers the lost sub-graphs from the backups, and then resumes computation like checkpoint-free solution. To effectively handle failures involving topological mutations, the incremental protocol logs topological mutations during normal execution which would be exploited for recovery. We implement ACF2 based on Apache Giraph and our experiments show that ACF2 significantly outperforms existing solutions.
Self-paced Learning to Improve Text Row Detection in Historical Documents with Missing Labels

An important preliminary step of optical character recognition systems is the detection of text rows. To address this task in the context of historical data with missing labels, we propose a self-paced learning algorithm capable of improving the row detection performance. We conjecture that pages with more ground-truth bounding boxes are less likely to have missing annotations. Based on this hypothesis, we sort the training examples in descending order with respect to the number of ground-truth bounding boxes, and organize them into k batches. Using our self-paced learning method, we train a row detector over k iterations, progressively adding batches with less ground-truth annotations. At each iteration, we combine the ground-truth bounding boxes with pseudo-bounding boxes (bounding boxes predicted by the model itself) using non-maximum suppression, and we include the resulting annotations at the next training iteration. We demonstrate that our self-paced learning strategy brings significant performance gains on two data sets of historical documents, improving the average precision of YOLOv4 with more than $$12\%$$ on one data set and $$39\%$$ on the other.
Defining the New Digitalized Normal: Implications of A.I., IoT, and Blockchain for Business Growth

The new post-pandemic times will be characterized by new technologies and the re-establishment of a more focused approach to delivering results. The emergence of blockchain technology will lead to the next generation of financial and mobile payment innovations. According to experts, the pandemic has changed how associations work globally. They plan for recovery using various technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and cloud computing. Due to the increasing trust in innovation among leaders, they are more inclined to follow the technological changes and push ahead with implementing new tools and methods. The authors of this paper will provide a framework for helping organizations progress.
Prevalence and molecular identification of Plasmodium falciparum in symptomatic individuals in Nyala city, Sudan

Background: Malaria is one of the most important infectious diseases in tropical and subtropical regions, and 45% of the population living in areas that suffer from stable malaria transmission in Sudan. The prevalence of symptomatic Plasmodium infection based on microscopy and RDTs is poorly documented in Nyala city. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of plasmodium infection and molecular identification of plasmodium species in Nyala city, Sudan.&#x0D; Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2018 to December 2018 to determine the prevalence of malaria and molecular identification of plasmodium species in Nyala city, Sudan. A total of 300 suspected patients were enrolled in this study. Microscopy and RDTs were performed to estimate the prevalence and nPCR to detect the plasmodium genus and species.&#x0D; Results: Of 300 patients, 113 (37.7%) were positive for malaria. Plasmodium falciparum was the only prevalent species detected amongst the study population. The prevalence of plasmodium infection by microscopy and RDTs was 113 (37.7 %) and 106 (35.3 %), respectively. While PCR result showed prevalence of 47 (47%).&#x0D; Conclusions: This study showed that the only prevalent species identified was P. falciparum, the findings demonstrate no existence of non-falciparum malaria, and children less than five years old were the most infected patients. The diagnostic performance of microscopy was better than RDTs in the diagnosis of malaria infection.
IOS “Voice Memo” Audio Files Originality Authentication

In this paper, we modify the audio files recorded by IOS “Voice Memo” by cutting and erasing them in the software, and use various software and websites to authenticate the audio files originality by taking the method of graphical analysis and metadata feature analysis of the files. By comparison, we find out the differences of the original and modified audio files and the general method of judging the originality of audio files. The results of the experiments show that the audio files generated by the IOS system's own voice memo are in M4A format by default and that the audio files generated in the IOS system environment have the important feature of system version information encoding.
Theoretical Research and Prospects of Higher Preschool Education in China since the Last Decade---Visual analysis based on CNKI journal big data platform

Based on CNKI, this paper uses Citespace and the visualization analysis of China Knowledge Network to visualize and analyze its literature, focusing on the authors, issuing institutions, issuing volume, keyword time zone, clustering and mutation of theoretical research on higher vocational preschool education since the last decade.Visual image mapping of the current state of research, hot spots and trends in higher preschool education.A more objective visualization of the basic status of preschool education in higher education.
Survey on Artificial Intelligence Algorithms Application for Alzheimer’s and Elderly People Safety in Smart Homes

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive degenerative disease that affects cognition and memory. The affected person becomes increasingly unable to remember events, recognize things and people, retain the meaning of words and exercise judgment over time. Furthermore, as a person with Alzheimer’s disease becomes weaker and more vulnerable to physical and moral threats, living alone and independently is no longer an option. She thus becomes dependent on her family members and caregivers. However, the emergence of home automation and artificial intelligence, as well as its deployment in the sphere of health and well-being, has proven to be effective and practical. Thus, remote monitoring and assistance have made it possible to regain autonomy and independence. In this paper, we survey recent and relevant works that combine artificial intelligence techniques, namely Machine Learning and Deep Learning, with smart homes to ensure Alzheimer’s inhabitants safety while performing their daily activities.
Moth-Flame Optimizer Algorithm for Optimal of Fuzzy Logic Controller for Nonlinear System

The Moth-Flame Optimizer Algorithm (MFO) is one of the modern meta-heuristic optimization techniques. In this paper, The Moth-Flame Optimizer algorithm has been utilized to find the optimal parameters of fuzzy logic controller for nonlinear systems. The results demonstrated the fuzzy logic controller with Moth-flame optimization algorithm gives better performances comparing with FLC without MFO.
Diversified Dynamic Routing for Vision Tasks

Deep learning models for vision tasks are trained on large datasets under the assumption that there exists a universal representation that can be used to make predictions for all samples. Whereas high complexity models are proven to be capable of learning such representations, a mixture of experts trained on specific subsets of the data can infer the labels more efficiently. However using mixture of experts poses two new problems, namely (i) assigning the correct expert at inference time when a new unseen sample is presented. (ii) Finding the optimal partitioning of the training data, such that the experts rely the least on common features. In Dynamic Routing (DR) [21] a novel architecture is proposed where each layer is composed of a set of experts, however without addressing the two challenges we demonstrate that the model reverts to using the same subset of experts. In our method, Diversified Dynamic Routing (DivDR) the model is explicitly trained to solve the challenge of finding relevant partitioning of the data and assigning the correct experts in an unsupervised approach. We conduct several experiments on semantic segmentation on Cityscapes and object detection and instance segmentation on MS-COCO showing improved performance over several baselines.
A Study on Pre-service Teachers' Perception of Population Education

본 연구는 바람직한 인구교육을 실천할 수 있는 교사 양성을 위해 우리 사회의 인구구조 변화와 학교에서 이루어지고 있는 인구교육 등에 대한 예비교사의 인식을 조사하여 시사점을 얻고자 한 연구이다. 이를 위하여 선행연구 분석 및 반구조화돤 질문지를 개발하여 현재 교육대학교에 재학 중인 8명의 예비교사를 대상으로 심층면담을 실시하였다. 그 결과 예비교사는 교사 임용이나 교육실습 등 개인의 진로와 삶에 연관된 문제 이외에는 인구구조의 변화를 체감하지 못하였으며, 인구교육의 내용 체계를 긍정적으로 이해하는반면 현행 인구교육 자체는 부정적으로 보는 경향이 있었다. 또한 예비교사는 앞으로의 인구교육에 대하여 인구문제 상황을 명확히 인식함과 동시에 개인의 선택을 존중하는 방향으로 이루어지길 기대하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 첫째, 예비교사의 인구교육에 대한 관심과 지원을 높이고, 둘째, 바람직한 인구교육을 실천할 수 있도록 예비교사의 교육역량을 강화해야 하며, 셋째, 학교 현장에서 이루어지는 인구교육의 변화가 필요함을 시사한다.This study aims to obtain implications by examining preservice teachers' perceptions of changes in demographic structure in our society and population education in schools in order to nurture teachers who can practice desirable population education. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with 8 prospective teachers currently attending a university of education by analyzing previous research and developing a semi-structured questionnaire. As a result, preservice teachers did not experience changes in the demographic structure except for issues related to individual careers and lives, such as teacher appointment and educational practice. there was In addition, preservice teachers expected that population education in the future would be conducted in a way that clearly recognizes the situation of population problems and respects individual choices. The results of this study are as follows: First, pre-service teachers' interest in and support for population education is increased, second, pre-service teachers' educational capabilities need to be strengthened so that desirable population education can be practiced, and third, changes in population education in schools are needed.
How should Democracy be taught in Social Studies? -Social Studies Classes to strengthen Democratic Competence

민주주의의 의미와 영역은 지속적으로 확대되고 있으나 최근 우리 사회에서는 민주주의 후퇴와 민주주의 가치 왜곡을 우려하는 목소리가 커지고 있다. 정치에 대한 무관심과 혐오가 우리 정치의 기반이 되는 민주주의에 대한 부정적 인식과 폄훼로 이어지고 있는 것이다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제의 요인이 되는 민주주의 교육의 한계를 진단하고 개선 방안을 제안하기 위해 진행되었다. 정치적 영역에서 생활 영역으로 확장되지 못하는 민주주의 교육의 한계와 지식적 이해‧탐구가 민주적인 기능‧가치의 습득과 연계되지 못하는 문제를 지적하였으며 문제해결을 위해서는 민주주의에 대한 충분한 이해가 바탕이 된 시민적 기능 습득과 태도 형성이 필요함을 논증하였다. 또한 이를 수업으로 실천하기 위한 아이디어를 제안하였으며 구체적인 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 민주적 가치‧태도 요소를 기준으로 수업단원을 재구성하여야 한다. 이를 통해 정치적 민주주의와 생활 민주주의가 긴밀하게 연계될 수 있으며 삶의 태도가 되는 민주주의 역량을 강화할 수 있다. 둘째, 정치현상에 대한 사회구조적 이해와 사회적 관점 형성이 민주적 행위로 이어지는 수업을 구성하고 실천해야 한다. ‘당사자적 관련성’과 ‘사회적 전망 취득’을 수업 전략으로 활용하여 이를 실현할 수 있다.Although the meaning and the area of democracy is constantly expanding, recently there is growing concern about the regression of democracy and the distortion of democratic values in our society. The indifference to politics and the hatred toward politics are being led to negative perceptions and disparagement of democracy which is the foundation of our politics. This study aims to diagnose the limitations of democracy education which are the cause of these problems and present improvement plans. This study points out that democracy education has not been expanded from the political sphere to the realm of daily life, and academic understanding have not been connected to the acquisition of democratic ability and value. In order to solve the problem, it proved the need to acquire civic abilities and attitudes based on a sufficient understanding of democracy. To actualize these things in classes, ideas are suggested like the following. First, By reconstructing the lesson units according to democratic values and attitudes, political and daily democracy can be closely connected with each other and democratic competence can be strengthened. Second, Lessons which lead socio-structural understanding about political problems to democratic action should be practiced. Through ‘being connected to society as subject’ and ‘social perspective taking’, daily life experiences and socio-scientific knowledge inquiry can be linked to each other and all of these processes should be included in classes.
Development of Cultural Understanding Program in Elementary, Middle, and High School for Sustainability of Traditional Ceramic Arts

전통문화는 민족의 정체성 확립에 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구는 정체성 확립을 위한 도자문화이해 실기 중점 학교 미술교육 프로그램을 개발하여 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 전통도자문화에 내재된 지속가능발전교육의 요소를 UN에서 제시한 사회적, 환경적, 경제적 관점으로 분류하였다. 이에 더하여 선행 연구와 미술 교과서 분석 및 전문가 인터뷰를 통하여 사회적 요소에서는 ‘문화 다양성’, ‘세계화’, ‘정체성’, ‘시대성’, 지역성‘, 역사성’을, 환경적 요소에서는 ‘생활환경’, ‘자연환경’, ‘재료 환경’을, 경제적 요소에서는 ‘창의성’, ‘고유성’, ‘지속성’, ‘부가가치’, ‘문화교류’를 전통도자문화 지속가능발전교육의 핵심 내용으로 도출하였다. 또한 현행 초·중등 미술 교과서에 공통으로 게재된 전통도자 13개를 본 연구에서 제시한 전통도자 문화 지속가능발전교육의 핵심 내용에 기초하여 분류한 다음, 이에 기반한 학교급별 실기 도자문화 이해 프로그램을 개발하 였다. 본 연구의 성과는 학교 미술교육의 도자문화 교육에 활용하여 전통도자문화의 지속발전가능에 기여할 수 있음에 의미를 둔다.Traditional culture plays an essential role in establishing national identity. This study develops and proposes a practical skill-focused school art education program of the ceramic culture understanding to establish identity. For this, the elements of education for sustainable development in traditional ceramic culture are classified into social, environmental, and economic aspects as proposed by the United Nations. In addition, through literature and textbook analyses and interviews with specialists, core contents for sustainable development education of traditional ceramic culture are derived for each aspect, including `cultural diversity', `globalization', `identity', `periodic characteristics', `locality', and `history' for the social aspect, 'living environment', 'natural environment', and 'materialistic environment' for the environmental aspect, and 'creativity', 'uniqueness', 'sustainability', 'value-added' and 'cultural exchange' for the economic factors. In addition, a practical training program for each school level is proposed after classifying 13 traditional ceramics commonly published in the current elementary and secondary schools' art textbooks into the derived core contents. The result contributes to the sustainable development of traditional ceramic culture by utilizing the school art education of ceramic culture.
Investigating the Teacher's Narrative Inquiry about the Online Learning Experience

본 연구는 코로나 19 이후 사회과 지리수업을 실시간 쌍방향의 원격수업으로 실행하고 있는 한 초등학교 교사의 수업 실행 경험을 탐색하기 위해 실행되었다. 이를 위해 서울의 한 초등학교에 근무 중인 J교사의 실시간 쌍방향 사회과 지리수업 실행 경험에 대한 내러티브 탐구를 실시하였다. J교사의 내러티브에 근거하여 볼 때, 첫째, J교사는 사회과 지리수업에서 실시간 쌍방향 수업을 효과적으로 실행함에 있어서 다양한 에듀테크의 적용이 중요함을 강조하였다. 둘째, J교사는 사회과의 실시간 쌍방향 수업에 에듀테크를 적용할 때 그 적용의 교육적 효과성에 대해 지속적으로 반성하고, 이를 개선하기 위해 노력하였다. 마지막으로 J교사는 지리수업의 특성을 살려 효과적인 원격수업을 진행하기 위해 구글어스와 같은 다양한 에듀테크를 적용하였으며, 이 과정에서 교육청‧단위학교 차원의 적극적 지원뿐만 아니라 동료 교사 간 협업과 학부모의 협조가 요구된다고 말하였다. 본 연구는 사회과 실시간 쌍방향 수업의 실행에 있어서 교사의 신념을 교사의 실행과 연결할 수 있는 사회적 지지가 있어야 하며, 원격수업에서 새롭게 요구되는 교사의 테크놀로지 활용 역량을 제고하기 위한 지원이 필요하고, 가정과의 적절한 연계를 구축할 필요가 있다는 시사점을 제시한다.The purpose of this study was explore the teaching experience of elementary school teacher who conduct real-time interactive geography classes after COVID-19. A narrative inquiry was applied to find out the real-time interactive geography classes experience of Teacher J at an elementary school in Seoul. Teacher J's narrative was as follows. First, Teacher J emphasized that various edutechs should be applied for effective real-time interactive geography classes. Second, Teacher J reflected on the effectiveness of the real-time interactive geography classes applying edutech and tried to improve it. Finally, in implementing geography classes, Teacher J maximized the effect of geography classes by applying various educational technologies such as Google Earth. Also Teacher J said that the keys of geography class in post-COVID 19 era is to cooperate with government, other teachers, and parents. This study presents the following implications. First, social support is needed to connect the teacher's beliefs and the teacher's practice in real-time interactive geography classes. Second, various supports are needed to improve the technological competency of teachers. Finally, this study will suggest the importance of bond between teachers and students' families to strengthen the performance of the class.
The relationship between self-attitude and attitude to a “significant person”, a participant in the study process among school teachers in the context of Christian anthropology

In the modern education system, approximately the same processes and mechanisms operate as in the world civilization as a whole. The teacher's love and positive attitude towards the participants of the educational process is both a value and an achievement. Value – because such an attitude towards people within the boundaries of the school environment not only optimizes the educational process, but makes it possible to achieve its main objectives. Achievement – because such an attitude towards the participants of the educational process is possible if a number of conditions are met. One of these conditions is a certain attitude of the teacher to himself. The article analyzes the concepts of relationship and self–relationship, discusses the concepts of "significant other" and concepts close to it - "significant person", "neighbor". The characteristic of the author's position regarding the studied concepts is given. At the same time, this position proceeds from the main provisions of Christian anthropology in the field of attitude towards man (neighbor). The paper formulates a research hypothesis according to which there is a positive relationship between the individual components of the school teacher's self-attitude and the attitude towards a significant person (participant in the educational process). Thus, in the empirical part of the work, the influence of various components of self–attitude on the sensual tone of attitude towards a significant person - a participant in the educational process is investigated. It is important to note that the choice of dependent and independent variables is hypothetical in the study. At the same time, the emphasis on the sensuous tone of the teacher's attitude is dictated by the desire to study the attitude to a significant person-a participant in educational relations in a more non-evaluative aspect. In the process of empirical research, a number of patterns related to the phenomena under study were established, and the interpretation of the results obtained was given.
Formation of the activity-related component in the professional culture of the future teacher by means of Russian sacred music

The author raises the actual problem of the development of the professional culture of the personality of the future music teacher. The article considers the component structure of the professional culture of the personality of the future music teacher. The author analyzed a large amount of research in the field of the component structure of the professional culture of the individual, the activity sphere of pedagogical activity, and the professional training of a music teacher in a pedagogical university. The activity component, along with the motivational-value and cognitive components, stands out as one of the priorities in the structure of the professional culture of the personality of the future music teacher. It is emphasized that the formation of the activity component occupies one of the important places in the development of the professional culture of the personality of the future music teacher.The author emphasizes the importance of the chosen means influencing the process of formation of the professional culture of the future teacher. Attention is focused on the special educational potential of Russian sacred music and the inadequacy of its use in the professional training of a future music teacher.The activity component includes performing and research activities of students. The component is aimed at acquiring professional skills in the performance of Russian sacred music, the ability to analyze works of Russian sacred music in the process of performing or listening to it, as well as involving students in research activities.The article presents the results of a study of the activity component of the development of the professional culture of a future music teacher by means of Russian sacred music. The author reveals the features of the study of Russian sacred music within the framework of the author's courses, demonstrates the results of his work to increase the level of the activity component of the professional culture of the students' personality. In the course of analyzing the results of the study, the author was able to determine the level of development of the professional culture of the personality of student musicians by means of Russian sacred music.
Development of A Pandemic-Inspired Virtual Reality Exergame to Encourage Exercise During a Lockdown

During the COVID-19 pandemic, physical activity is significantly reduced due to various lockdown requirements and the closures of parks, gyms and fitness centres.The reduced physical activity greatly impacts human heath which may lead to various health issues such as obesity and the people with those conditions are usually associated with a worse outcome once he or she is infected with COVID-19.Exergaming which is defined as technology-driven exercise is expected to make exercise an enjoyable experience by including entertaining game elements into physical activity.To further encourage adoption of exergaming during the pandemic lockdown, this project introduces three additional elements into exergaming.Virtual reality is the first element added for immersive experience to make the participant more engaging with the exergame.The second element is the musical rhythm that is usually associated with physical exercises that is known to provide both physiological and psychological benefits.The last element is the game design that is the metaphor for successfully combating pandemic viruses for inspirational positive thinking.A user testing survey is planned but due to the pandemic lockdown the participation number is very low, but the limited responses still show positive feedbacks.