Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A Theoretical Approach to the Adoption of Electronic Resource Management Systems (ERMS) in Nigerian University Libraries

This chapter discusses a theoretical approach to the adoption of electronic resource management systems in Nigeria university libraries. The nature of electronic resources calls for a special way of managing it thereby the invention and adoption of electronic resource management systems (ERMS). However, observation revealed that Nigerian libraries have yet to largely adopt it. It is therefore necessary to theoretically outline the factors promoting adoption of new technologies, in order for Nigerian libraries to take a cue. This chapter proposes a theoretical approach to the adoption of ERMS in Nigerian libraries.
A Blockchain-based Fast Authentication and Collaborative Video Data Forwarding Scheme for Vehicular Networks

Internet of Things (IoT) current present two trends with respect to ubiquity and mobility. The number of devices increases remarkably and most forthcoming devices are mobile, e.g., Internet of Vehicles (IoV). In large scale mobile IoT, the management of device identification, fast authentication, and certification of public keys experiences upcoming difficulties. Centralized security architecture may not be suitable and in contrast cross-domain security architecture will tackle the ubiquity and mobility better. We note that blockchain is a new decentralized architecture equipped with basic cryptographic settings, which provides new tools such as token and guarantees many security properties such as block integrity. In this paper we design a blockchain-based fast authentication video data forwarding scheme for IoV. Compared with existing protocols, it has the advantages of decentralization, high authentication efficiency, strong trust, and resistance to common attacks. We evaluate our scheme with real experiments over Hyperledger Fabric and the authentication delay is manageable (e.g, 4 seconds in IoV).
Design and Implementation of Human-Machine Safety System Based on Visual Perception

A human-machine safety system based on multi-target detection and tracking is proposed for the safety problems in the human-machine coexistence environment. For the motion state of pedestrians, the YOLOv5 detection algorithm and Deep SORT tracking algorithm are used to compare and study the effects of different activation functions and loss functions on the performance of neural networks, and the detection accuracy is improved by using Mish activation functions, and the motion trajectory and motion speed of pedestrians are obtained. To address the human-machine safety issue, the human-machine safety system model is proposed to establish the information feedback from vision processing to robot decision making and control robot motion decision. It is verified on the actual system and the goal of human-machine safety is achieved.
Ethical Implications of the Techno-Social Dilemma in Contemporary Cyber-Security Phenomenon in Africa

This article examines the cyber security dimension of the global information Infrastructure which has resulted in the attainment of remarkable milestones and unlimited opportunities. However, these benefits notwithstanding, the cyberspace is increasingly under attack by cybercriminals, and the cost and damages from such attacks are increasing alarming. This article therefore, sets out to examine the ethical implications of cybersecurity phenomenon. Relying upon an extensive contemporary literature on cyber security, this study examines the phenomenon using the protection motivation theory. The article employs qualitative analysis of the current cybersecurity landscape in Nigeria. With an insight provided into understanding the independent layers of cyber security in Nigeria, a criterion on what should constitute appropriate procedure for cyber security is thus supplied. Findings posit that with the vulnerability of cyberspace, cyber security phenomenon in Africa, mirrors the existing social inequalities and widens the social division that is more apparent with the expansion of the ICTs.
Cryptographic Primitives

Abstract This chapter provides a very detailed introduction to cryptography. It first explains the cryptographic basics and introduces the concept of public-key encryption which is based on one-way and trapdoor functions, considering the three major public-key encryption families like integer factorization, discrete logarithm and elliptic curve schemes. This is followed by an introduction to hash functions which are applied to construct Merkle trees and digital signature schemes. As modern cryptoschemes are commonly based on elliptic curves, the chapter then introduces elliptic curve cryptography which is based on the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (ECDLP). It considers the hardness of the ECDLP and the possible attacks against it, showing how to find suitable domain parameters to construct cryptographically strong elliptic curves. This is followed by the discussion of elliptic curve domain parameters which are recommended by current standards. Finally, it introduces the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA), the elliptic curve digital signature scheme.
Security and Privacy Issues in Cloud-Based E-Government

Cloud computing services have grown rapidly over the years. Government agencies are also interested in cloud-based provision for their E-government processes. Despite the advantages of cloud-related technologies, there are many security issues as well that fall into several categories of breaches with serious impacts. All these breaches have serious legal and reputational implications. Therefore, governments need to ensure that inherent security threats can be neutralized to ensure that data or information stored in the cloud are well protected. It is imperative for cloud-based e-government (CB-eGov) to use an information security management system (ISMS) to effectively manage CB-eGov. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss how cloud computing can be incorporated in an e-government implementation to improve its efficiency without compromising information security. As such, the government needs to take special care in ensuring security, privacy, and confidentiality of information stored in the cloud.
Cloud Service Footprint (CSF)

Cloud Computing (CC) services have made substantive advances in the past few years. It is rapidly changing the landscape of technology, and energizing the long-held promise of utility computing. Successful jump into CC is a considerable task, since the surroundings are not yet mature and the accompanied risk and governance frameworks are still evolving. This effort aims to portray an identity for CC services by employing risk and governance directions among other elements and techniques. Cloud Service Footprint (CSF) is considering practical aspects surrounding the CC paradigm and prescribing the associated directions. CSF will help Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) to characterize their service and benchmark themselves. The Client Enterprises (CEs) can utilize CSF dimensions to find a better way to navigate through CC service arena and to understand its parameters. Along with cost and functional capabilities, the Cloud Service Footprint (CSF) can provide enough information for business executives to evaluate CC services and make informed decisions.
Analysis and Results

This chapter makes available the analysis of collected information for the sole reason of research. It has been prepared for the conduct of secondary research that shapes an appropriate way for the purpose of primary research framework. Then the information collected by virtue of several conducted interviews was examined and analyzed. Hence, the chapter develops the basis of the platform on which the discussion is founded. In the last section of this chapter, the authors presented the trustworthiness of evidence of their research work.
A Methodological Evaluation of Crypto-Watermarking System for Medical Images

Health care institution demands exchange of medical images of number of patients to sought opinions from different experts. In order to reduce storage and for secure transmission of the medical images, Crypto-Watermarking techniques are adopted. The system is considered to be combinations of encryption technique with watermarking or steganography means adopted for safe transfer of medical images along with embedding of optional medical information. The Digital Watermarking is the process of embedding data to multimedia content. This can be done in spatial as well as frequency domain of the cover image to be transmitted. The robustness against attacks is ensured while embedding the encrypted data into transform domain, the encrypted data can be any secret key for the content recovery or patient record or the image itself. This chapter presents basic aspects of crypto-watermarking technique, as an application. It gives a detailed assessment on different approaches of crypto-watermarking for secure transmission of medical images and elaborates a case study on it.
Application of Mobile Technologies in Library Service Delivery

The chapter emphasised the rapid advancement in technology in last two decades, mainly because of the advent of Internet, the world no longer works the same. The chapter explains that the advent of wireless networks and more recently mobile devices such as smart phones, tablets etc. following the internet, contributed a lot their applicability in library's operations. As contained in extant literature, mobile devices have become a very important part of communication not only for telephone service users but also for the internet users. The two main reasons behind success of mobile technology is the benefits such as mobility and ubiquity served by mobile devices. It is on that that the chapter explores the application of mobile technology on service delivery in libraries, the advantages and disadvantages, also highlighted were the skills required by the librarians in incorporating mobile technologies to library services.
An Ant-Colony-Based Meta-Heuristic Approach for Load Balancing in Cloud Computing

This book chapter proposes use of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), a novel computational intelligence technique for balancing loads of virtual machine in cloud computing. Computational intelligence(CI), includes study of designing bio-inspired artificial agents for finding out probable optimal solution. So the central goal of CI can be said as, basic understanding of the principal, which helps to mimic intelligent behavior from the nature for artifact systems. Basic strands of ACO is to design an intelligent multi-agent systems imputed by the collective behavior of ants. From the perspective of operation research, it's a meta-heuristic. Cloud computing is a one of the emerging technology. It's enables applications to run on virtualized resources over the distributed environment. Despite these still some problems need to be take care, which includes load balancing. The proposed algorithm tries to balance loads and optimize the response time by distributing dynamic workload in to the entire system evenly.
Introduction and Preliminaries

In this chapter, we present the introductory materials and mathematical preliminaries that are required for following this material. We describe some basic information regarding ZUC stream cipher and then proceed with the mathematical objects such as finite fields and Boolean functions. These are basic tools in analyzing any building block stream cipher design, such as Linear Feedback Shift Registers. We also explain basic ideas of cryptography and stream ciphers.
Application of process assessment method in calculus course teaching reform based on Web technology

In this paper, through the use of Web server, MVC framework, database, HTTP, procedural assessment method and other technologies or methods, combined with the problems of traditional calculus course assessment, This paper constructs the application system of process assessment in calculus course teaching under Web technology with online learning, online task challenge, online course discussion area, course homework, online chapter test and other functional modules. Relying on the combination of online and offline methods to achieve the construction of the system, in order to meet the basic assessment function, but also to answer the students in the process of learning calculus will encounter a variety of problems, cultivate students to reflect, problem-solving habits. In addition, it solves the problems existing in traditional calculus, such as imperfect feedback mechanism, too long assessment method, which is not conducive to the cultivation of learning habits and so on
Comprehensible Explanation of Predictive Models

The most successful prediction models (e.g., SVM, neural networks, or boosting) unfortunately do not provide explanations of their predictions. In many important applications of machine learning, the comprehension of the decision process is of utmost importance and dominates the classification accuracy (e.g., in business and medicine). This chapter introduces general explanation methods that are independent of the prediction model and can be used with all classification models that output probabilities. It explains how the methods work and graphically explains models' decisions for new unlabeled cases. The approach is put in the context of applications from medicine, business, and macro-economy.
Cloud Computing Technology and Security

Cloud computing is a technology extending the realms of a computer network creating an environment that offers scalability, better utilization of hardware, on-demand applications and storage, and lower costs over the long run through the creation of virtual servers cloned from existing instances each offering a near instantaneous increase in performance, allowing companies to react quickly and dynamically to emerging demands. The “cloud” or “cloud solution”, as the technology is commonly referred to, can either be hosted on-site by the company or off-site. Cloud computing technology consists of and rests on a number of sound, fundamental and proven technologies, including virtualization, service-oriented architectures, distributed computing, grid computing, broadband networks, software as a service, browser as a platform, free and open source software, autonomic systems, web application frameworks, and service level agreements. We will discuss many of these technologies in depth in this chapter.
Decentralized Remote Voting System

In Our idea we are going to build Decentralized Distributed voting platform Using Blockchain technology that could be a web application or Mobile App. Authentication: Authentication can be done by Aadhar Card using Mobile number OTP or Fingerprint on successfully authentication unique blockchain address will generate for particular voter. Data Sync: Data of portal need to be sync with voting booths. So, EVM also need to be Digitalize that connected could be connected &amp; sync to our portal’s decentralized databases. These are Two solution to overcome vote lost still there are some percentage of vote lost because of those people who’s Aadhar Card not Updated and they not receive OTP on Mobiles. Then there is one option for Authentication that is fingerprint scan. So we want type of machine which easily available for common people and that machine have fingerprint scanner And that Machine is nothing but ATM machine, means Our third solution is some changes in ATM machine software will Convert ATM into EVM.
Unknown fault diagnosis based on meta-learning under complex working conditions

Traditional fault diagnosis methods are often based on multiple hidden layer networks and self-adaptive extract features from massive data, according to the data under specific working conditions, a specific model is learned. When faced with a small amount of unknown fault type data or complex working conditions, effective diagnosis cannot be performed. This paper proposes a meta-learning algorithm that uses known fault type data to build a neural network model during the training phase and determines a threshold, make a preliminary distinction between known faults and unknown faults through basic decision-making, and learn another more robust decision based on the effect of the distinction, and make the machine have the ability to learn to learn, and use the learned decisions under another working condition in the testing phase to also effectively diagnose unknown faults, thus avoiding retraining or learning in new tasks. The feasibility and accuracy of this method are verified in Western Reserve University Bearing Fault Database.
R Basics

This chapter presents the necessary knowledge for non-R-experts to understand and test the book code examples. First, more basic knowledge is introduced, namely objects and functions, how to control execution, and how to import and export data. Then, more advanced features are discussed, including command line execution, parallel computing, interfacing with other computer languages, and interactive web applications.
Towards Multi-source Extension: A Multi-classification Method Based on Sampled NetFlow Records

With the rapid development of the Internet, network traffic is growing explosively. It brings great challenges to the traditional traffic identification technology using full traffic analysis, which requires more resources to achieve the collection and analysis of full traffic. And, handling the raw traffic may lead to the compromise of user privacy. NetFlow has good compatibility with the existing routing or switching devices, can aggregate network traffic information, support traffic sampling, reduce the invasion of user privacy, and can effectively deal with the challenges. However, as NetFlow is usually output after traffic sampling to ensure the performance of network devices and only contains session-level statistical information, existing NetFlow research mostly focuses on the binary classification problems (e.g., specific anomaly traffic detection), and less exploration has been conducted on traffic multi-classification problems. And NetFlow is even less involved in the currently popular field of encrypted traffic classification. In this paper, we focus on how to perform encrypted traffic multi-classification research based on sampled NetFlow records and propose a multi-classification method based on the multi-source extension of sampled NetFlow records. To improve the distinguishability and applicability of the sampled NetFlow records, we extend and enrich the records with full consideration of the head or payload information in traffic data, including TTL values, Cipher Suites, etc. For different application scenarios, the methods based on head information extension and payload information extension are proposed, respectively. Through comprehensive experiments, the results show that the proposed method is more applicable and effective than the method based on a single N etFlow record in dealing with multi-classification problems in different encryption application scenarios.
Modified Kalman filter without covariance matrices for one kinetic linear model

The covariance matrices of measurement and process noise are essential for standard Kalman filter algorithm in practice. In this paper, we will focus on the fundamental estimating problem that there is no priori knowledge about covariance matrices of measurement and process noise for a kind of kinetic system model. To cope with this challenging problem, a modified Kalman filter, terms as MKF-RCE, is proposed based on the basic statistical approach under the framework of Kalman filter. Finally, the stability are verified by simulation experiments to demonstrate that MKF-RCE is optimal in sense that estimate sequence from MKF-RCE is asymptotically convergent with the ideal sequence from Kalman filter with exact covariance matrices.
Security Assessment, Analysis, and Assurance

As computing technology becomes ubiquitous, the world is getting more and more interconnected. Major organization systems are interconnected to other systems through networks. The bigger the networks, the bigger the security problems involving the system resources on these networks. Many companies, businesses, and institutions whose systems work in coordination and collaboration with other systems, as they share each other’s’ resources and communicate with each other, face a constant security threat from these systems, yet the collaboration must go on. The risks and potential of someone intruding into these systems for sabotage, vandalism, and resource theft are high. For security assurance of networked systems, such risks must be assessed to determine the adequacy of existing security measures and safeguards and also to determine if improvement in the existing measures is needed. Such an assessment process consists of a comprehensive and continuous analysis of the security threat risk to the system that involves an auditing of the system, assessing the vulnerabilities of the system, and maintaining a creditable security policy and a vigorous regime for the installation of patches and security updates. In addition, there must also be a standard process to minimize the risks associated with nonstandard security implementations across shared infrastructures and end systems. This chapter focuses on all these issues.
Prototyping a New Smart Learning Management System Based on the NoSQL

The context of this work is that of prototyping a disciplinary information space for a new LMS. The work is specifically in the field or seeking to promote, using information technology from a distance, a collective knowledge construction. The approach is to first think about the conditions for creating a real LMS between learners and designing the IT environment that supports this LMS. The authors chose to base on the hybridization between four learning theories as a basis for teaching this LMS, namely the traditional pedagogy, behaviorism, cognitivism, and social constructivism. These pedagogies have already proven themselves, mostly in learning situations in the classroom. The LMS consists of different activity spaces for teaching and learning activities. The authors limit themselves in this work to the prototyping of disciplinary information space for a new smart LMS based on IMS-LD, the NoSQL, MongoDB database, and the Symfony framework.
Mobility in Healthcare

Mobility is the blossoming technology of our era. Mobile devices, especially smart phones, tablets, phablets are becoming common, and they are being a part of us as we carry all the time with us. Business discovered the easy-to-reach-customer facility of mobility and companies focus on this area. Scientific research focused on this area as well. Using the facilities provided with all the time with us mobile devices, especially healthcare can gain tremendous advances and have already done in some applications. Remote healthcare, decreased costs, advanced healthcare access, prioritizing the patients, can be given as examples to the advances that have been gained. As the mobile healthcare applications becoming common, there exists a danger of abuse and misuse. The need for regulations has emerged. The purpose of this study is to give basic information and vision about the usage of mobility in medical domain to ease healthcare and make it more effective. The mobile technologies used in the healthcare information systems, together with the challenges, problems and regulations, is explained.
Precession

In the next few chapters, we are going to examine how to build quantum gates. First, let us consider single-qubit gates. Single-qubit gates can be implemented by spin precession in a magnetic field. We begin with a mathematical description of spin rotation, followed by implementation using magnetic fields.