Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF CROPLAND TRANSITION TO SOLAR FARMS AND OTHER LAND USE/COVER USING RS, GIS AND ANN-CA

Abstract. The balance between food security and energy security is a national issue of extreme importance. A more stable supply of electricity could be achieved as solar farms expand but at the expense of losing some of the prime agricultural lands which endangers availability of sufficient agricultural produce. This study aims to use ANN-Cellular Automata (CA) via the Geographic Information System (GIS) platform and remote sensing (RS) data to assess the impact of cropland transition to solar farms and other land use/land cover (LULC). Several remotely sensed data were processed including MODIS land cover data (MCD12Q1), VIIRS nighttime lights (VNL v2.1), Advanced Himawari Imager Shortwave Radiation (AHI-SWR) product, and population density (LandScan) as inputs to the Cellular Automata-Artificial Neural Network (CA-ANN) model to simulate LULC changes in Tarlac Province, Philippines via the Modules for Land Use Change Evaluation (MOLUSCE) plugin in QGIS. For years 2019, 2023 and 2027 with 2015 as the base year, results showed an increasing trend for savannas and grassland with ΔLULC values of +11.4% to +15.1% and +0.2% to 3.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, a decreasing trend is observed for built-up/water, forest, and cropland with ΔLULC values of −3.0% to −6.3%, −8.5% to −21.1%, and −3.9% to −4.2%, respectively. Results also showed a conversion of a 100-ha area of croplands to solar farm from year 2019 to 2023 which translates to an estimated monetary loss from agricultural produce due to solar farm conversion amounting to Php 7,584,720.00 (~USD 138,000) which is equivalent to the total average annual income of about 67 families in Tarlac. Lastly, the simulated 2027 LULC map showed pixels with unrealistic conversions from solar farm (year 2023) to cropland (year 2027). To improve the model, it is recommended to add more spatial data to effectively capture factors that may contribute to the expansion of solar farms in the future. Moreover, high resolution LULC maps (vector maps if available) can be used instead of a course resolution satellite-derived raster data. Nonetheless, this study has demonstrated the use of RS, GIS and machine learning techniques to model cropland conversion to solar farms and other LULC classes. Results from this study can provide scientific data to policy makers, solar industry players and other relevant stakeholders in doing technoeconomic assessment of solar farm development and expansion considering its effect on energy security and food security towards national sustainable development.
AXIOLOGICAL BASES OF INNOVATIVE CULTURE FORMATION OF THE FUTURE TEACHER OF THE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTION

The methodological bases of professional training of pedagogical staff for vocational education institutions are considered in the article. The research is aimed at outlining methodological approaches to improving future teacher professional training, in particular, substantiating the axiological bases for teachers’ innovative culture formation, and providing training for light industry workers. Values and value orientations as a necessary component of the innovative culture of teachers of vocational education institutions are highlighted.&#x0D; The essence of the basic concepts and conceptual provisions of students’ innovative culture formation based on axiology is revealed. Innovative culture includes values, principles of humanization, tolerant communication, and aesthetic and cultural values, which are realized in the interaction between the participants of the educational process. Innovations in the field of education are the most effective newly created or improved educational, didactic, educational, and administrative systems that contribute to the formation of a creative and active personality capable of adaptation to constant change. Involvement of the future teacher in innovative activities promotes teachers’ innovative culture formation.&#x0D; The axiological principles of innovative culture formation in the process of professional training of future teachers of vocational education institutions in the field of light industry are determined. They are based on the transformation of universal values into students’ value orientations; future teachers’ professional self-improvement as bearers of society’s cultural values; formation of future teachers’ professional experience, development of value orientations in pedagogical activity; development of a system of values and value orientations as a direction and result of future teacher professional training.
PROBLEM EDUCATION AS A SUBJECT OF RESEARCH BY FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC SCIENTISTS

The article reveals problem-based learning as a subject of research by foreign and domestic scientists. The prerequisites for the emergence of problem-based learning in order to develop heuristic skills in the process of solving problem situations are analyzed. These situations are both a practical and theoretical-cognitive nature. They activate education seekers’ knowledge, analytical skills, and scientific searches for models that would ensure critical, productive thinking and change the motivation of cognitive activity with the dominance of cognitive-motivational (intellectual) motives. A comparative and definitive analysis of the concept of problem-based learning is done. Scientists define it from different positions, namely as a new type of learning, a teaching method, and a principle of education.&#x0D; It is emphasized that problem-based learning is based on problematic situations. They arise in the following conditions: if students do not know how to solve a problem; if students can not answer the question; if students explain a particular fact; if it is necessary to use previously acquired theoretical knowledge in practice; if there are contradictions between the theoretical possibility of solving the problem and the practical impossibility of using this particular method; if there is a result of the contradiction between the practically achieved material and the lack of knowledge for theoretical justification.&#x0D; It has been found that the concept of problem-based learning has gained recognition among scholars from Poland, Bulgaria, Germany, Russia, Ukraine, and some other countries. They have made a significant contribution to the development of the theory and practice of implementing problem-based learning, interpreting the understanding of the peculiarities of problem-solving in the lesson in different ways, and as well as the direct influence of the problem situation on the cognitive activity and psychological state of the individual. In turn, it should be noted that most well-known didactic theorists’ statements are based on studies of the impact of problem-based learning on schoolchildren. There are not enough studies on the creation of pedagogical conditions necessary for the general development and future professional activity of students of vocational education, as well as models of the formation of readiness for problem-based learning. Therefore, this topic requires further research and study.
PECULIARITIES OF THE PRACTICAL COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL FUTURE SPECIALIST TRAINING IN MODERN CONDITIONS OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

The article reveals the features of the practical component of future specialist training in modern university education and actualizes the issue of practical future specialist training, which combines the principles of both knowledge and practice-oriented paradigm. Their combination allows to preserve the fundamentals of higher education based on the accumulation of practical experience and to form a professionally mobile specialist.&#x0D; Students’ practice is described as an integral part of the process of training specialists in universities, which is carried out on appropriately equipped bases of educational institutions, as well as in modern enterprises and organizations of various sectors of the economy, education, health, culture, service, public administration. The purpose of practice is to master modern methods, forms of organization, and tools in the field of students’ future profession, to acquire professional skills and algorithms of independent decision-making during specific work in real market and production conditions on the basis of their knowledge, and bring up the need to systematically update knowledge and apply it in practice creatively.&#x0D; Emphasis is placed on the need to make changes to the system of existing practices at the organizational, content, and methodological levels, which allow, on the one hand, to preserve fundamental, traditional, scientifically proven approaches to the organization of practical training, and on the other hand to improve and update modern approaches to professional-mobile specialist training. It has been found that the modernization of industrial practice is associated with the widespread use of innovative technologies (contextual and dual learning) in combination with well-established traditional forms and methods of learning. The content of the practical component of vocational training is focused on fulfilling a set of needs aimed at solving the problems of professional mobility. It is also focused on mastering the necessary competencies when future professionals by means of the transition from one basic form of activity to another, gain more advanced practical skills of educational and scientific information according to the functions of educational, quasi-professional, and educational-professional activities, master the real professional experience by gaining opportunities for natural entry into the profession.
PROSPECTS OF USING TECHNOLOGIES OF PEDAGOGICAL ERGODESIGN WHILE STUDENTS’ SOFT SKILLS FORMATION

The article describes the technologies of pedagogical ergodesign, and their importance for providing a favorable educational environment and improving the effectiveness of learning outcomes provided by the State standard of Basic Secondary Education. The importance of laying the foundations of soft skills at all stages of educational activities is outlined, which becomes a guarantee of rapid adaptation to the requirements of employers and future professionals’ qualified development, regardless of the chosen field of professional activity in adult life.&#x0D; The study analyzes different approaches to soft skills formation in the educational process of general secondary education, in particular during the implementation of technological education. The relevance of the proposed study is due to insufficient coverage of promising areas of students’ soft skills during technology classes in the scientific literature.&#x0D; The purpose of the study is to substantiate the use of pedagogical ergodesign technologies as effective means of soft skills formation in technological education classes at the level of basic secondary education.&#x0D; It is proven that the technological education industry performs a synthesizing function in the learning process. It is because the issues of projects that are developed and implemented by students in technology classes involve a multi-subject approach; thus, additional conditions are created for the formation of general scientific knowledge, practical skills, and social skills. As a result of scientific research, it is determined that the introduction of ergodesign technologies in the educational process contributes to the activation of students’ educational project activities and can be considered as a pedagogical condition that promotes students’ creative potential, their critical and technical thinking, partnership skills. The positive influence of the introduction of pedagogical ergodesign technologies on the efficiency of soft skills formation in the process of involving students in educational project activities has been clarified.
Financial Statement Fraud Detection based on Integrated Feature Selection and Imbalance Learning

Based on the data mining technology, this paper proposes an integrated feature selection method to construct the financial statement fraud detection feature system of listed companies, uses the SMOTE algorithm to solve the class unbalanced distribution problem, and combines the machine learning algorithm models to construct the financial statement fraud detection model. Based on the real financial statement data of Chinese listed companies, the empirical analysis is conducted to provide support for the auditors. The integrated feature selection framework proposed in this paper improves the problem of poor generalization of the single feature selection method, and the SMOTE effectively strengthens and improves the ability of the model to detect financial statement fraud of listed companies.
COVID 19 &amp;amp; IT giants: The Invisible monsters

This article describes how social-media companies have cleverly stifled freedom of expression during COVID-19. This article was originally written in Hindi, which can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.17613/bb8h-5p08
Hierarchical Real-Time Optimal Planning of Collision-Free Trajectories of Collaborative Robots

Abstract In collaborative robotics the manipulator trajectory has to be planned to avoid collisions, yet in real-time. In this paper we pose the problem as minimization of a quadratic functional among piecewise linear trajectories in the angular (joint) space. The minimization is subjected to novel nonlinear inequality constraints that simplify the original non-penetration constraints to become cheap to evaluate in real time while still preserving collision-avoidance. The very first and most critical step of the computation is to find an initial trajectory that is free of collisions. To that goal we minimize a weighted sum of the violated constraints until they become feasible or a maximal number of steps is reached. Sometimes an incremental growing of the obstacle helps. By incremental growing we mean that we sequentially solve auxiliary subproblems with obstacles growing from ground or falling from top and use as the initial trajectory the one optimized in the previous step. The initial trajectory is then optimized while preserving feasibility at each step. We solve a sequence of simple-bound constrained quadratic programming problems formulated in the dual space of Lagrange multipliers, which are related to the original linearized inequality constraints that are active or close-to-active. Finally, we refine the trajectory parameterization and repeat the optimization, which we refer to as an hierarchical approach, until an overall prescribed time limit, being well below a second, is reached.
Malay Language Learning for Kindergarten Students through Interactive Web-based Application

Multimedia education is an effective teaching method for children, as it makes learning more interesting and enjoyable.In this study, the researcher developed Interactive Malay Language Learning, a web-based application to determine the effectiveness of multimedia education in teaching Malay Language to preschool children.The Web Development Life Cycle methodology was employed, consisting of five phases which are planning, data collection and analysis, design, development, and testing.The web-based application development involves programming languages such as PHP, JavaScript, HTML, and CSS, while the MySQL software is used as a database to store information on the results of kindergarten children's quizzes.Functional testing was conducted at a Kindergarten with the students, teacher and the teacher assistant to assess the efficacy of the system with teaching and learning process.The interface was positively received by students due to its interactive design and ease of use, particularly the navigation bar and video.However, limitations such as a limited number of quiz questions and 3D flashcards without audio for the alphabet may impact its effectiveness for reinforcing learning and testing knowledge.Interactive Malay Language Learning is an alternative for helping children master Malay Language through fun learning that can be done at any time and from anywhere.The use of multimedia education should be widely adopted, especially among children, as it has been shown to improve their learning.
Professional Competencies of Specialists in Economic Security Degree Programme

The problem of the formation of professional competencies of specialists in economic secu-rity is caused not only by new technologies, but also by the transformation of existing spheres of professional activity. Russian universities provide training economists in the field of Economic Security in the lack of a corresponding professional standards set offi-cially approved by the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation. Thus it updates the search for evidence-based practices that allow formation of majors' professional competen-cies based on corresponding job functions, occupational profile and adequately responding to the labor market demand. To solve it, a theoretical justification is given and an algorithm for the formation of professional competencies. The aim of the study - is to justify the link between theory and practice for implementing a competency-based approach to training economic security professionals by developing an algorithm formation of professional competencies in unity with the sequence of determin-ing indicators of their achievement based on the consistency of the provisions with the re-quirements of the labor market. The methodology and methods of the study are based on the application of the following general scientific and special research technique: gathering of empirical data, comparison, abstraction, specification, analogy. Research results provides a short summary of recommendations for ensuring the effective-ness of the indicators of professional competencies formation during university tenure based on the experiential learning and theory opportunities for students in the field of eco-nomic security to apply the needed knowledge and skills set they gain. A model has been developed for the formation of professional competencies of an economic security specialist, which provides universities with tools to determine the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of professional activity, which can be diagnosed using appropriate indicators.
Security Concerns regarding Software Development Migrations in Quantum Computing Context

Living in the world managed by technology involves taking into consideration all security aspects which may help, protect, and maintain digital environment healthy. As the technology evolves, the importance of upgrading is emphasized by customer perception and satisfaction and justifies the decision to switch from obsolete alternatives, as monolithic applications which can be found in most public system architectures developed during 2000s, to microservices and increased security ecosystems, as an indisputable requirement. Even so, current times are defined by innovation and quantum computers future usage seems to define a totally new era of security. This paper represents an overview of how this future perspective may affect public system applications and aims to provide a possible approach for integrating mathematical constructs into the security layer to increase protection for the modern software architectural style represented by microservices and which has become the favourite development alternative of the last years.
Incremental Question Paper Generator

Exams are getting digitized all over the world. Basically, meaning that the traditional paper-based tests are being replaced by the certain computer-based tests which have proven to be both more consistent in allocating marks and faster than teacher correcting papers. The traditional exams usually consisted of subjective answers which were not the best way of grading the student’s perception of the subject. Hence, we are developing a computer-based system that will generate MCQ based question that will be better suited to grade students academically. So, Incremental Question Paper Generator (IQPG) is an attempt at developing a software which can implement adaptive evaluation along with generation of questions on its own. The software aims to generate an increasingly difficult or easy in simpler words, it aims to generate a question paper which dynamically changes the difficulty of its questions. Along the same the software generates these questions by learning from a pre-made dataset of questions
The Evolution of Bitcoin and Other Cryptocurrencies

Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency that enables peer-to-peer trades without the need for a centralized body. Bitcoin is a digital currency based on a distributed ledger technology called blockchain. Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have had a significant impact on the global economy. This research paper explores the history and technology behind Bitcoin and the impact they have on the economy. While they have brought many benefits, such as easier international money transfers and new investment opportunities, they have also been subject to extreme volatility and have been used for illegal activities. As the technology behind cryptocurrencies continues to evolve, it will be interesting to see how they will impact the global economy in the future. Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have brought many benefits to the global economy, such as easier international money transfers and new investment opportunities. However, they have also been subject to extreme volatility and have been used for illegal activities. As the technology behind cryptocurrencies continues to evolve, it will be important for regulators and businesses to find ways to balance the benefits of cryptocurrencies with the need for consumer protection and financial stability.
Supply Chain Management Using Block Chain

This project pursue to examine how blockchain technology can be appealed in the sector of supply chain management, beyond its common interconnection with cryptocurrencies. While technology is frequently interrelated with finance, it has several favorable applications in non-financial industries such as food and power. By make use of blockchain technology, it is feasible to generate enduring, attainable, and empirical data of products as they proceed through the supply chain. This improves the capability to track the products, guarantee their legitimacy and morality, and do so in a more cost-efficient manner. The possible advantages of using blockchain in agribusiness were also debated, as well as the case for executing a blockchain based small business in the automotive manufacturing industry. This project prefers to outline work of block chain technology in the field of supply chain. As an endeavor to cooperate with the physical one, we support a track of the journey of the supply chain products from producers to consumers. The user can access a complete documentation and confidence that the information is on target and precise. Block chain technology demonstrate to be useful in the supply chain zone in the following ways: diminish mistakes, reduce product retards, delete fraud activities, enhance management, improve consumer or supplier belief