Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Tools for Convergence, Actualization and Personalizing Educational Programs and Content

The article deals with the synthesis of tools for optimizing the process of training specialists in an intellectual educational environment. The complex of tools is being developed in a hyper-converged computing ecosystem to support open personalized learning technologies. The complex is necessary to update the training programs for specialists and content in accordance with the changing requirements of federal educational standards and the requirements of employers in labor markets. The developed tools search, collect, consolidate and intelligent analyze the requirements for specialists, which can be found in Internet sources, for example, on the websites of enterprises or recruiting agencies, as well as in the corresponding sections of social networks and messengers. At the next stage, the process of setting up and synchronizing educational programs is implemented, taking into account the consolidated information and predicted data on the required competencies in the short and medium term in the region. Setting up the educational process in the information environment takes place in a convergent learning model by updating educational programs and personalizing the trajectories of training specialists. The convergent model determines the convergence of educational programs and content for different specialties in accordance with the processes of digitalization of all spheres of human life, which is reflected in the requirements for competencies in professional and educational standards on the part of employers. The processes of actualization and personalization make it possible to increase the efficiency and quality of training specialists by reducing the risks of obtaining a low-quality and morally outdated education. The architecture of the adaptive management system of the educational environment includes components: a) Learning Management System (LMS), b) Education Content Management System (ECMS), c) Learning Activity Management System (LAMS), d) tools for searching, collecting and analyzing employers’ requirements, e) cloud storage of educational content.
Questioning Strategies Applied by Lecturers in EFL Class

The purpose of this study is aimed at finding out the questioning strategies used by lecturers during teaching, the types of questions, and the reasons for using these questioning strategies in classroom interactions in the English Education Study Program. The sample in this study are three lecturers at the English Education Study Program, Faculty of Letters, Indonesian Muslim University. The sample is selected based on teaching experience and has obtained an Educator Certificate. Then, this study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, especially discourse/conversation analysis. Data collection is carried out in three stages, namely knowing the schedule, observing the online lectures, and interviewing. Furthermore, the data is analyzed into three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the description of the results and discussion, it can be concluded as follows: The questioning strategies applied by the lecturers are: (1) opening questions; (2) rhetorical questions; (3) managerial questions; (4) knowledge questions; (5) comprehension/understanding questions; (6) questions about specific information; (7) analysis questions; (8) use of pausing strategy; (9) the use of prompting strategies; (10) use of probing and prompting strategies; (11) application questions; and (12) closed questions. The purpose of the application of the questions: (1) regulate the flow/process from the beginning (apperception) to reinforcement and review at the end of the lecture; (2) provide a stimulus so that students think critically; (2) directing the student's flow of thought to focus on the discussion; (3) giving emphasis, affirmation, examples; (4) knowing the level of understanding of students in the cognitive domain from C1, C2, C3 and C4; (5) build emotional relationship with students; (6) the questions are presented using pausing, prompting and probing techniques to guide and direct students to find complete answers and equal opportunities for all students to provide responses.
Rappresentazione, costruzione e visualizzazione di risorse terminologiche diacroniche nell’era del web semantico

This article introduces the model DIATERM, devoted to representing the diachronic evolution of concepts and terms in a given domain, according to Semantic Web standards and Linked Data technologies. The approach adopted for the representation of temporal information is based on the reification of N-ary relationships. DIATERM is articulated on three levels, textual, terminological and conceptual. Each level can be affected, more or less simultaneously, by change. The use of SWRL rules allows to automatically assign temporal information, thus facilitating the construction of the terminological resource and highlighting any inconsistencies. Two examples of interrogation and visualization of diachronic terminological resources will be illustrated. The first example is taken from the resource dedicated to the astronomical terminology introduced by Christopher Clavius in his Commentary on the Sacrobosco’s Tractatus de Sphaera. The second example is taken from the electronic lexicon of Ferdinand de Saussure's linguistic terminology.
Quantification of Mismatch Error in Randomly Switching Linear State-Space Models

Switching Kalman Filters (SKF) are well known for their ability to solve the piecewise linear dynamic system estimation problem using the standard Kalman Filter (KF). Practical SKFs are heuristic, approximate filters that are not guaranteed to have optimal performance and require more computational resources than a single mode KF. On the other hand, applying a single mode mismatched KF to a switching linear dynamic system (SLDS) results in erroneous estimation. This paper aims to quantify the average error an SKF can eliminate compared to a mismatched, single mode KF in a known SLDS before collecting measurements. Mathematical derivations for the first and second moments of the estimators errors are provided and compared. One can use these derivations to quantify the average performance of filters beforehand and decide which filter to run in operation to have the best performance in terms of estimation error and computation complexity. We further provide simulation results that verify our mathematical derivations.
Faktor – Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kompetensi Literasi Digital Mahasiswa di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0

This study aims to identify the factors that influence the digital literacy competence of students in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Economics, Kadiri University the sampling technique used was purposive sampling, with one hundred students as respondents. The analysis used Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the results of the study show that there are three factors that affect the level of digital literacy competence of students, including: 1) environmental support factors consisting of campus environment and family roles, 2) socio-economic conditions which include individual financial conditions critical of the media, and 3) the intensity of media use which consists of the use of digital media in daily activities and work on academic assignments.
Quantum non-Gaussianity from an indefnite causal order of Gaussian operations

Quantum non-Gaussian states are considered a useful resource for many tasks in quantum information processing, from quantum metrology and quantum sensing to quantum communication and quantum key distribution. Another useful tool that is gaining attention is the newly constructed quantum switch. Its applications in many tasks in quantum information have been proved to outperform many existing schemes in quantum communication and quantum thermometry. In this contribution, we demonstrate this to be very useful for engineering highly non-Gaussian states from Gaussian operations whose order is controlled by degrees of freedom of a control qubit. The nonconvexity of the set of Gaussian states and the set of Gaussian operations guarantees the emergence of non-Gaussianity after post-selection on the control qubit deterministically, in contrast to existing protocols in the literature. The nonclassicality of the resulting states is discussed accordingly.
Approaches to Automatic Gesture Recognition: Hardware and Methods Overview.

In this paper, hardware and software solutions addressed to automatic gesture recognition are considered. Trends in image analysis in the current computer vision-based approaches are analysed. Each of the considered approaches was addressed, in order to reveal their advantages and drawbacks. Research papers on the usability of gesture interfaces were reviewed. It was revealed that sensor-based systems, being quite accurate and demonstrating high speed of recognition, have limited application due to the specificity of devices (gloves, suit) and their relatively narrow distribution. At the same time, computer vision-based approaches can be successfully applied only when problems of occlusions and datasets are solved. The results obtained can be used for designing training systems.
An Ontology-Based Semantic Approach for First Aid Prediction in Aviation Services Incorporating RBFNN Over a Cloud Server

Mid-air medical emergencies can prove to be fatal if appropriate infrastructure is not established in aircrafts. The alarmingly increasing rates of heart attacks around the world pose a huge threat of life endangerment anywhere and anytime. Especially when the passengers are at high altitudes, the airline crew despite being trained may not always be prepared to deal with the worst of unexpected situations. Since such cases need to be dealt in a very prompt and appropriate manner, an arrangement has to be made to receive swift external medical help whenever required. This paper draws attention upon telemedicine in the aviation sector, and how emergencies are handled mid-air. Internet of things plays a major role in virtually connecting the ailing patient with a specialist doctor, who would in turn suggest life-saving measures through remote diagnosis. In order to lessen the diagnosis time and speed up the process of providing appropriate first aid, semantic web can simultaneously help the healthcare professional to better understand and interpret the vague symptoms or conditions told, thereby suggesting some accurate remedies. The concept of hypernymy would enable effective facilitation the same. As instances as such can happen in massive numbers (sometimes even simultaneously in different locations), a centralized content management system is always required and should be continuously maintained up to date with every relevant data. All of this is stored and processed in the cloud. As a result, this paper focuses on how sensory inputs coupled with stored data in the cloud, alongside the hypernymy detection concept of the semantic web, would substantially increase the accuracy of medical diagnosis. This would in turn help save more lives in time of crisis. Also, the present challenges, along with the scope for improvement in the model, are discussed.
Desarrollo profesional de profesores de matemáticas en ambientes virtuales: ventajas, aproximaciones teóricas y futuras líneas de investigación

Virtual environments have proven to be a space where the professional development of mathematics teachers can take place.This training modality has gained importance due to the rapid growth in its supply and demand.However, little is yet known about how these online spaces are used to promote the professional development of mathematics teachers.This essay presents a literature review that synthesizes what advances have been made in this research area during the last decade.In particular, I identify the main arguments why online settings are thought to be adequate to promote the professional development of mathematics teachers; what theoretical references have been used for the design and analysis of the training activities that promote this type of professional development, and what are the relevant aspects that have not been sufficiently investigated in relation to this topic.
Synthesizing Grammar and Structure Problems Faced by Indonesian TOEFL Participants

The TOEFL test is one of the requirements to pass the Thesis exam at several universities in Indonesia. Grammar and Structure Score is the lowest score, and it becomes a problem for the test takers. This study aimed to analyze the factors of Grammar Structure difficulties experienced by students in solving TOEFL questions. This research approach is descriptive qualitative with a sample of 20 students and taken by purposive sampling of 70 students. Interviews and questionnaires were conducted as a data collection tool. The results showed that there were several problems which were factors that influenced the TOEFL participants' written structure and expression lower than listening and reading scores. They cannot analyze the wrong words in part B. A lack of practice on grammar causes problems, and students study independently without guidance and instruction from lecturers or experts. That four main factors cause students to have difficulty solving TOEFL questions: not preparing for the exam, lack of grammar practice, lack of vocabulary mastery, and learning independence. In this case, students and teachers have responsibility for learning achievement, even if these factors come from the TOEFL takers themselves.
Russian School Principals’ Beliefs about Digital Competences of Educational Process’ Participants

This study investigates into Russian school principals’ beliefs about the requirements that digital transformation of schools imposes on students, parents, educators and administrators. Answers to an open-ended questionnaire obtained from 7,189 schools representing all administrative districts of the Russian Federation were analyzed using natural language processing technology. Responses were categorized according to the European Framework for the Digital Competence of Educators (DigCompEdu). In general, responses reflect the use of information technology by the relevant groups of participants in the educational process, educators assigning the greatest significance to selection and distribution of educational content, students to information search and communication, parents to communication, control and safety, and administrators to digital interactions. However, the spectrum of digital competences attributed by respondents to every group of participants in the educational process is rather narrow. Low occurrence of most DigCompEdu framework categories in questionnaire responses allows to conclude that school principals have a poor understanding of many important dimensions of digital competences.
Performability of Actions

Abstract Action theory may be regarded as a theoretical foundation of AI, because it provides in a logically coherent way the principles of performing actions by agents. But, more importantly, action theory offers a formal ontology mainly based on set-theoretic constructs. This ontology isolates various types of actions as structured entities: atomic, sequential, compound, ordered, situational actions etc., and it is a solid and non-removable foundation of any rational activity. The paper is mainly concerned with a bunch of issues centered around the notion of performability of actions. It seems that the problem of performability of actions, though of basic importance for purely practical applications, has not been investigated in the literature in a systematic way thus far. This work, being a companion to the book as reported (Czelakowski in Freedom and enforcement in action. Elements of formal action theory, Springer 2015), elaborates the theory of performability of actions based on relational models and formal constructs borrowed from formal lingusistics. The discussion of performability of actions is encapsulated in the form of a strict logical system "Equation missing"<!-- image only, no MathML or LaTex -->. This system is semantically defined in terms of its intended models in which the role of actions of various types (atomic, sequential and compound ones) is accentuated. Since due to the nature of compound actions the system "Equation missing"<!-- image only, no MathML or LaTex --> is not finitary, other semantic variants of "Equation missing"<!-- image only, no MathML or LaTex --> are defined. The focus in on the system "Equation missing"<!-- image only, no MathML or LaTex --> of performability of finite compound actions. An adequate axiom system for "Equation missing"<!-- image only, no MathML or LaTex --> is defined. The strong completeness theorem is the central result. The role of the canonical model in the proof of the completeness theorem is highlighted. The relationship between performability of actions and dynamic logic is also discussed.
Clover: An anonymous transaction relay protocol for the bitcoin P2P network

Abstract The Bitcoin P2P network currently represents a reference benchmark for modern cryptocurrencies. Its underlying protocol defines how transactions and blocks are distributed through all participating nodes. To protect user privacy, the identity of the node originating a message is kept hidden. However, an adversary observing the whole network can analyze the spread pattern of a transaction to trace it back to its source. This is possible thanks to the so-called rumor centrality , which is caused by the symmetry in the spreading of gossip -like protocols. Recent works try to address this issue by breaking the symmetry of the Diffusion protocol, currently used in Bitcoin, and leveraging proxied broadcast. Nonetheless, the complexity of their design can be a barrier to their adoption in real life. In this work, we propose Clover, a novel transaction relay protocol that protects the source of transaction messages with a simple, yet effective, design. Compared to previous solutions, our protocol does not require building propagation graphs, and reduces the ability of the adversary to gain precision by opening multiple connections towards the same node. Experimental results show that the deanonymization accuracy of an eavesdropper adversary against Clover is up to 10 times smaller compared to Diffusion.
Wavelet-Based Elman Neural Network with the Modified Differential Evolution Algorithm for Forecasting Foreign Exchange Rates

Abstract It is challenging to forecast foreign exchange rates due to the non-linear characters of the data. This paper applied a wavelet-based Elman neural network with the modified differential evolution algorithm to forecast foreign exchange rates. Elman neural network has dynamic characters because of the context layer in the structure. It makes Elman neural network suit for time series problems. The main factors, which affect the accuracy of the Elman neural network, included the transfer functions of the hidden layer and the parameters of the neural network. We applied the wavelet function to replace the sigmoid function in the hidden layer of the Elman neural network, and we found there was a “disruption problem” caused by the non-linear performance of the wavelet function. It didn’t improve the performance of the Elman neural network, but made it get worse in reverse. Then, the modified differential evolution algorithm was applied to train the parameters of the Elman neural network. To improve the optimizing performance of the differential evolution algorithm, the crossover probability and crossover factor were modified with adaptive strategies, and the local enhanced operator was added to the algorithm. According to the experiment, the modified algorithm improved the performance of the Elman neural network, and it solved the “disruption problem” of applying the wavelet function. These results show that the performance of the Elman neural network would be improved if both of the wavelet function and the modified differential evolution algorithm were applied integratedly.
Specifics of Distance Learning in the Modern Ukrainian Educational Space: Practices of the Higher Education Institutions of Ukraine

Quarantine restrictions have increased the relevance of distance learning, and the level of information and communication technology development has made it possible for the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to switch to online mode, this being the optimal solution amid the pandemic. The object of this paper is to analyse the practical aspects of distance learning under quarantine and to identify the key factors affecting its efficiency. The assessment of the distant technologies use during the educational process and its efficiency was carried out by means of anonymous online questionnaire survey of the students from 4 higher education institutions: University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, National Transport University, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and Separated structural subdivision of the Kyiv College of Municipal Economy of The V.I. Vernadsky Taurida National University. The research has revealed the level of technical provision for distance learning; the level and practical experience of using distance technologies by the participants of the educational process was determined; the behavioural factors (students’ attendance and teachers’ adherence to the class schedule and thematic outlines) were examined; motivational factors of students’ learning online were analysed; the most significant benefits of distance learning were examined; the higher education students’ attitude to the blended and distance forms of learning was determined. It has been substantiated that distance learning organisation in the institution based on a single shared platform is a prerequisite for ensuring a highly effective online learning process. The practical value of the paper lies in the application of the survey results to enhance and increase the distance learning efficiency at the higher education institution level
Features of application of innovative educational technologies in Ukrainian higher education institutions

An attempt was made in the article for generalizing pedagogical educational technologies and use them in the process of preparing aspirants of higher education for professional activity.&#x0D; The concepts of «pedagogical technologies» and «innovations» from the point of didactic foundations of pedagogy are highlighted. The classification of innovative teaching methods used in the educational process of training future professionals is given.&#x0D; The authors emphasize the quality of training in the application of modern pedagogical methods that affect the modernization of educational content, methods, forms and allow to realize the most effective implementation of training tasks in the modern conditions.
Smart Learning Technologies as a Factor of University Integration into the World Higher Education Market

In the world economy of the 21st century, new risks and threats have emerged that humanity has not previously experienced. The role and importance of innovations, globalization, integration and Smart learning technologies in the world market of educational services is growing. The COVID-19 pandemic proved to us that Smart learning technologies have become one of the key factors of university integration into the world higher education market. The development of its own innovative technologies guarantees the university a competitive position in the global higher education market, as well as a worthy place in the world rankings of world universities. The article reflects the author’s approach to understanding the structure of the integration system of the world economy, develops a model of university integration taking into account Smart learning technologies, formulates indicators of university integration into the world market of higher education based on the method of expert assessments, the results of the study are tested on the example of Perm State University (PSU, Russia). Conclusions and recommendations are made.