Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Book review: Property, institutions and social stratification in Africa by Franklin Obeng-Odoom

In Property, Institutions and Social Stratification in Africa, Franklin Obeng-Odoom offers a new comprehensive exploration of inequalities within Africa and between Africa and the rest of the world, drawing on stratification economics. The book offers compelling and crucial insight into the deficiencies of mainstream economics when it comes to addressing the roots of poverty and inequality in African countries and provides new evidence of neocolonialism and exploitation of African resources across the continent, yet the challenge remains of how to bring African countries the rewards of their past, present and future property, writes Heba E. Helmy.
Strategi Pembelajaran Mata Kuliah Pemahaman Wacana Bahasa Jepang (Dokkai) dengan Metode Komprehensif Terintegrasi

Dokkai is a Japanese text reading comprehension course. In practice, students learning Japanese have difficulty understanding the contents of the text. This difficulty, in some cases, was caused not only by their weakness in understanding dokkai material, but also because of their lack of knowledge about how to learn dokkai . In order for the purpose of understanding reading to be achieved, learners must be able to optimize their knowledge and skills in reading such as good understanding of Japanese characters, vocabulary, grammatical mastery of Japanese, topics, and knowing dokkai learning methods and strategies. This can be achieved if the learning strategy can cover all the things needed in teaching dokkai . Through literature studies and surveys on the difficulties and desires of learners in teaching dokkai , this paper proposes a learning strategy called an integrated comprehensive learning strategy.
Cryptoassets: The Guide to Bitcoin, Blockchain, and Cryptocurrency for Investment Professionals

Bitcoin, blockchain, and cryptocurrencies burst onto the world stage in 2008, when the online posting of a pseudonymous white paper provided a vision of a new way to transfer value over the internet.In the decade-plus since, the cryptoasset market has gone through all the classic phases of a disruptive technology: massive bull markets and crushing pullbacks, periods of euphoria and moments of despair, FOMO (fear of missing out), fear, and everything in between.As the cryptomarket enters its second decade, one thing is clear: Crypto is not going away. Cryptoasset markets are rallying toward new all-time highs, and many of the world’s largest investors and financial institutions are getting involved.Investors looking into crypto, however, face significant challenges. The quality of information is poor. Theories about the drivers of cryptoasset valuations are untested and often poorly designed, and they are rarely—if ever—published in peer-reviewed journals. Due diligence efforts from leading consultants are in their infancy, and few people have carefully thought through the role (if any) that cryptoassets should have in a professionally managed portfolio.More fundamentally, few people even understand what crypto really is or why it might matter. Is it an alternative currency? A technology? A venture capital investment? A specious bubble?The goal of this document is to provide the inquisitive investor with a clear-eyed guide to crypto and blockchain: what they are, what they are not, and where they might go from here.
Characterization of quantum states based on creation complexity

The creation complexity of a quantum state is the minimum number of elementary gates required to create it from a basic initial state. The creation complexity of quantum states is closely related to the complexity of quantum circuits, which is crucial in developing efficient quantum algorithms that can outperform classical algorithms. A major question unanswered so far is what quantum states can be created with a number of elementary gates that scales polynomially with the number of qubits. In this work we first show for an entirely general quantum state it is exponentially hard (requires a number of steps that scales exponentially with the number of qubits) to determine if the creation complexity is polynomial. We then show it is possible for a large class of quantum states with polynomial creation complexity to have common coefficient features such that given any candidate quantum state we can design an efficient coefficient sampling procedure to determine if it belongs to the class or not with arbitrarily high success probability. Consequently partial knowledge of a quantum state's creation complexity is obtained, which can be useful for designing quantum circuits and algorithms involving such a state.
On the (Virtual) Road

The new brain teaser from Associate Professor of Mathematics Jeffrey Forrester is all about travel! Identify the two missing cities and submit your answer for a chance to win.
Export Behaviour and Propensity to Innovation in a Developing Country: The Case of Afghanistan

The paper is aimed at examining relation between factors determining export behavior and propensity to innovate to fill Afghanistan specific literature gap. For this purpose, a number of 236 small and medium manufacturing firms were targeted as statistical unit of analysis. Required data were collected through questionnaire distributed to owner/manager of firms. Descriptive statistics as well as multivariate probit regression were utilized to analyze the data. Findings confirmed no significant relationship between export behavior and propensity to innovate. It further suggests that marketing innovation and technological advancement positively and significantly influence export behavior and propensity to innovate. Furthermore, and unlike result of many other similar studies there was insignificant influence of firm size and firm age on propensity to innovation.
교원양성체제 개편 관련 연구 동향 검토

This study’s purpose was to review related research trends with the aim of reinforcing the capabilities of teachers as demanded by the future society, and to understand the aspects of discussions on the reform of the teacher training system so as to cope with the structural changes in teacher training due to the decrease in the school age population. In order to analyze the research trends related to the reform of the teacher training system, 13 of the research studies were related to articles about the teacher training system published since 2000, which were reviewed using the research topics and contents as the analysis criteria. As a result of the reviews, the establishment of a graduate school course, the consolidation of teacher training institutions, and the internalization of the curriculum are suggested according to the method of reforming the teacher training system. Based on this, the core contents of each study were presented, and the strengths and weaknesses of each plan for reforming the teacher training system were analyzed and presented. This analysis indicated that the reorganization of the teacher training system emphasized the efficiency of the education scale, suggested the need to restructure teacher qualifications, and pointed out the necessity of reorganization of the curriculum operation of the teacher training institution. In addition, it was argued that the reduction of the number of teachers to train was inevitable, and ultimately suggested the necessity of restructuring the system in terms of teacher expertise or future teacher competency.
School organization and confinement. Didactic focused on reducing the impact of covid. Peiwecs

Emotions are present in our lives since we are born and play an important role in the construction of our personality and social interaction. School is another area of ​​knowledge and experiences in which emotions develop since education contemplates the integral development of people. This can start from Early Childhood Education. For this, the figure of the teacher is relevant, since it is the one that provides the monitoring programs, becoming a model for the students, with which they can acquire the development of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence that will make them adapt to society and they will acquire a personal motivation towards any element that we propose. This will lead to proper affective growth in which you must learn to manage both positive and negative emotions. But for this, the teacher must individualize the teaching to each of his students, since each student in the personal sphere has experienced different situations with different contexts. Thus, pedagogical action aims to promote the acquisition of emotional skills through strategies and experiences such as stories, puppets, some dramatizations and the use of resources from everyday life.&#x0D;
Bitcoin mining electricity consumption and carbon footprint

Crypto economy, first mentioned in 1996, started shaping at the beginning of 2009, after Bitcoin network launch. Being a new phenomenon, Crypto economy causes both great enthusiasm and serious concerns related to its impact on the environment. The amount of electricity consumed by Crypto economy is comparable to the annual consumption by such countries as Chile and Venezuela. The influence of Crypto economy on the planet’s ecosystem is growing at a significant pace. Even though there are thousands of cryptocurrencies, bitcoin mining contribution to the overall consumption of electricity by the cryptocurrency industry is crucial. To understand the alternative cost of maintaining a cryptocurrency industry infrastructure and its impact on the Earth’s ecosystem, different electricity consumption models considered and corresponding carbon footprint model introduced. The carbon footprint model based on a third-party estimate of global electricity consumption by the industry and geographical distribution of mining facilities educated guess coming from the internet traffic distribution of mining pools login pages. This approach allowed considering 8 out of top-10 mining pools responsible for the majority of network hashrate. The resulting carbon dioxide emissions taking bitcoin mining yearly electricity consumption equal 73.12 TWh is 40.88 million tons of CO2, which is 0.12% of global carbon dioxide emissions.
Adding Functionality to the Site

In this chapter we will start to add a search functionality to our blog. There are some Gatsby plug-ins to add the search functionality, but we can add it with simple React code. After that we will perform some CSS fixes, like adding box shadows to all boxes. Finally, we will create a mobile menu to show the right and the left sidebars on small screens.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN BEDAK WAJAH DENGAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW)

Abstract The development of the cosmetics industry continues to increase causing a variety of cosmetic products issued in the market, both in terms of brands, facilities, types, and other variations contained in these products. Facial skin is the most important part of a woman's appearance to ensure that the skin always looks smooth and healthy. By adding face powder brands offered to consumers, they are increasingly confused in choosing the right face powder. The development of information technology that forms a support system can help consumers determine the right face powder. The method used is SAW (Simple Additive Weighting). The basic concept of the SAW method is to find a weighted sum of performance evaluations for each alternative on all attributes. The criteria used are age, skin type, brand, price, composition, aroma, size, color and shape of the packaging. From the results of the validation test conducted by the system expert shows the final value of the calculation is 3.0, the system is declared valid. While from the validation test results, the expert gets the final calculation material is 3.5 and the material expert approves the appropriate system because the system can provide appropriate recommendations for new consumers. From the validity and reliability test results obtained from 10 assessment indicator items, there are 8 question items that are considered valid and 8 items assessment indicators can be trusted.
Earthquake Learning Media Development for Disaster Risk Reduction

&lt;p&gt;Indonesia is a country traversed by the Pacific ring of fire and is also the meeting point for tectonic plates, making it prone to various disasters including earthquakes. Many victims who fell during the earthquake disaster were due to a lack of understanding of the community in dealing with the disaster. An understanding of the community regarding earthquake disasters is needed to reduce the risk of earthquake disasters, one of which is done for students. Efforts to reduce earthquake risk can be done by developing earthquake learning media and applying it to students. The development of this learning media uses the 4D Model. The results showed that the use of earthquake learning media was effective in increasing students' understanding in dealing with earthquake disasters, so that this could unravel the risk of earthquake disasters for students.&lt;/p&gt;
МОНГОЛ УЛСЫН 1921 ОНЫ ХУВЬСГАЛЫН ЯЛАЛТАД ЗОРИУЛСАН АНХНЫ НААДМЫН ТУХАЙД

Naadam is complex expression of heritage of history, culture and state tradition of Mongolia. Therefore, foreigners visiting to Mongolia want to see Mongolian festival - Naadam. So, Mongolian’s Naadam is being studied by globally as history, ethnology, education, science and literature. As a result, traditional Mongolian naadam certificated as World cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2011.Even conducting research on Naadam through many sides but have not completely discovered yet its secrets. You can see it studies of Naadam’s history. Especially, people’s imagination and understanding about Naadam based on unscientific knowledge. As a result of that, during the long time produced a lot proofless stories about the Mongolian’s Naadam festival. One of them is first celebration of Naadam for victory of revolution which held in July 11, 1921. Since early times Mongolians had been celebrated Naadam for any major or special event like other nations. As that tradition, Mongolians celebrated special Naadam festival for victory of revolution of 1921. This naadam is called “First naadam of the People’s Government of Mongolia” in Mongolian history. 1921’s revolution was strongly influenced XX century’s Mongolian history. So, many Mongolian scholars conducted research and wrote articles and notes on the first Naadam of Mongolia’s People’s Government. But they were non scientific.Because of these reasons our study directed to first Naadam for the 1921 Mongolian revolution. According to most fact and documents scholars have three different proposals on this issue. As a result of study these proposals, the first Naadam festival which organized for Revolution’s victory of 1921 was held on July 11, 1921 in northernmost town named Khiagt, Mongolia.
Karakteristik Tindak Tutur Anak Autis Di Sekolah Dasar Luar Biasa Banda Aceh

This study aims to describe the characteristics of speech acts autistics children. The data research are form of video and audio dialogue recordings, which speak of autistics children in extraordinary elementary school Banda Aceh. Data collection uses recording observation techniques and notes. The data collection and analysis has done interactively, simultaneously and repeatedly to produce deep and intact understanding about the characteristics of speech acts autistics children. The results of this study are follows the characteristics of speech acts autistics children found in this study include twenty one locus speech acts, thirty one illocution speech acts of directive speech acts are twenty request for speech acts, one command speech acts, seven prohibited speech acts, two advice speech acts, and one recommendation speech acts. Based on the results of the interview it can be concluded that autistic children in school have different speech of acts when they were at home.
PURE: An Uncertainty-aware Recommendation Framework for Maximizing Expected Posterior Utility of Platform

Commercial recommendation can be regarded as an interactive process between the recommendation platform and its target users. One crucial problem for the platform is how to make full use of its advantages so as to maximize its utility, i.e., the commercial benefits from recommendation. In this paper, we propose a novel recommendation framework which effectively utilizes the information of user uncertainty over different item dimensions and explicitly takes into consideration the impact of display policy on user in order to achieve maximal expected posterior utility for the platform. We formulate the problem of deriving optimal policy to achieve maximal expected posterior utility as a constrained non-convex optimization problem and further propose an ADMM-based solution to derive an approximately optimal policy. Extensive experiments are conducted over data collected from a real-world recommendation platform and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Besides, we also adopt the proposed framework to conduct experiments with an intent to reveal how the platform achieves its commercial benefits. The results suggest that the platform should cater to the user's preference for item dimensions that the user prefers, while for item dimensions where the user is with high uncertainty, the platform can achieve more commercial benefits by recommending items with high utilities.
MULTI-SPAN QUESTION ANSWERING USING SPAN-IMAGE NETWORK

Question-answering (QA) models aim to find an answer given a question and con- text. Language models like BERT are used to associate question and context to find an answer span. Prior art on QA focuses on finding the best answer. There is a need for multi-span QA models to output the top-K likely answers to questions such as Which companies Elon Musk started? or What factors cause global warming? In this work, we introduce Span-Image architecture that can learn to identify multiple answers in a context for a given question. This architecture can incorporate prior information about the span length distribution or valid span patterns (e.g., end index has to be larger than start index), thus eliminating the need for post-processing. Span-Image architecture outperforms the state-of-the-art in top-K answer accuracy on SQuAD dataset and in multi-span answer accuracy on an Amazon internal dataset.
한국과 일본의 대학 교양교육에 관한 대조연구 ― 대학생의 교양교육에 관한 인식 실태조사를 중심으로 ―

The importance of liberal arts education in college education is emphasized recently. In order to cultivate creative talents in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the direction of restructuring of liberal arts education should be examined. This study started from this consciousness. The statistical analysis program was analyzed using IBM SPSS 22.0.The survey subjects were 194 college students in Korea. And 232 college students in Japan. The results of the analysis are as follows. In both countries, the satisfaction of teachers (professors, lecturers) and active participation in class are high, but the satisfaction of university support is low and the university authorities need to pay more attention to liberal arts education.In the case of Japan, the satisfaction level of the textbooks is low. In both countries, the degree of questioning in the liberal arts class is very low (2.66 in Korea, 2.04 in Japan). Efforts should be made so that classes can be made in ''Active Learning'' so that liberal arts classes can be activated. The ratio of liberal arts education in college education is 35 out of 130 in Korea. Japan accounts for 45 out of 124 credits. In both Korea and Japan, cooperative learning and micro-teaching in the liberal arts education were at an average level (3.02 in Japan, 3.06 in Japan, 3.16 in Korea, 3.25 in Korea), and the level of convergence education is very low. In particular, Japan is 2.66, which is lower than Korea''s 2.99. Both countries are showing a high degree of support for the introduction of convergence education. In particular, Japan has a very high score of 3.62, indicating that students are highly interested in introducing convergence educationI think that the innovation and change of liberal arts education is the responsibility of the university that all university members should accept. In the future, various teaching methods applied (PBL) to liberal arts curriculum, and instructor workshops should be regularly and continuously carried out to focus on enhancing liberal arts education. I hope that the results of this study will help a little bit in the change of universal liberal arts education policy.
International Journal of Exploring Emerging Trends in Engineering(IJEETE)

International Journal of Exploring Emerging trends in Engineering (IJEETE) is ardent to promote erudite, pragmatic, and contemporaneous research work in the fields of engineering such as Electronics & Communication and Computer science. IJEETE has taken an initiative to setup e-Journals and categorized the research field for peer reviewed,open access journals to be published. IJEETE is a intellectual online, open admittance, monthly,and exclusively refereed journal focusing on theories, technique and applications in Engineering and relevant fields of it. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online; all the editorials will be archived for real time admittance
Construction of Multidimensional Teaching Evaluation System in Local Universities under the Background of Transformation

It is one of the major strategic plans to guide some local colleges and universities to transform into applied technical colleges and universities. Under the impetus of this transformation background, higher requirements have been put forward for the education and teaching of local colleges and universities and the ability of teachers. This paper mainly explores the construction of multidimensional teaching evaluation systems in local universities under the background of transformation.
Gradient descent temporal difference-difference learning

Off-policy algorithms, in which a behavior policy differs from the target policy and is used to gain experience for learning, have proven to be of great practical value in reinforcement learning. However, even for simple convex problems such as linear value function approximation, these algorithms are not guaranteed to be stable. To address this, alternative algorithms that are provably convergent in such cases have been introduced, the most well known being gradient descent temporal difference (GTD) learning. This algorithm and others like it, however, tend to converge much more slowly than conventional temporal difference learning. In this paper we propose gradient descent temporal difference-difference (Gradient-DD) learning in order to accelerate GTD learning by introducing second-order differences in successive parameter updates. We investigate this algorithm in the framework of linear value function approximation and analytically showing its improvement over GTD learning. Studying the model empirically on the random walk and Boyan-chain prediction tasks, we find substantial improvement over GTD learning and, in several cases, better performance even than conventional TD learning.
ACTIVITIES TO ENCOURAGE SPEAKING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN ANGUAGE (A CASE STUDY OF ENGLISH CLUB PARTICIPANTS IN STMIK PROVISI SEMARANG)

Abstract Speaking is one of the four macro skills to be developed as means of effective communication in both first and second language learning contexts. In the English as a Foreign Language pedagogy environment, how to increase speaking competence and confidence for undergraduate students tends to be an important question. This concern led to a qualitative research. The findings indicated that confidence and mastery of gramar andvocabulary, the teacher’s roles as prompter and feedback provider, and speaking activities such as information gap and role play were the key aspects that encourage students to communicate in English class better.