Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Accurate detection of photon statistics

We present advanced methods of photon-number-resolving detection, which allow for photon statistics measurement and quantum feature extraction with unprecedented accuracy and dynamic range. Applications include nonclassicality and non-Gaussianity detection, photon statistics discrimination, and conditional preparation.
An efficient photonic indistinguishability witness: Experimental demonstration on a photonic processor

Efficient and reliable measurement of photonic indistinguishability is crucial for any claim of a quantum advantage in photonics. Using an integrated photonic processor, we introduce and demonstrate a semi-device-independent witness of photonic indistinguishability.
International Workshop on Quantum Classical Cooperative Computing (QCCC 2022)

The past five years have seen tremendous development in quantum computing technology, remarked by the demonstration of quantum supremacy. Although many quantum algorithms declare exponential speedups over their classical counterparts, today's quantum devices in the noisy-intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) era are very susceptible to environmental noise, internal interference, manufacturing imperfection, and technology limitation. Consequently, quantum algorithms that are more robust to noise, or can be effectively decomposed into small pieces for incremental or parallel quantum execution become promising. The purpose of this workshop is to explore innovative ways of quantum-classical cooperative computing (QCCC) to make quantum computing more effective and scalable in NISQ platforms. The workshop will focus heavily on how classical computing can improve NISQ device execution efficiency, scalability, or compensate for noise impact or technology deficiency, with particular emphasis on demonstrable approaches on existing NISQ platforms, such as IBM-Q, IonQ and Rigetti.
Building scalable indexes that can be efficiently queried

Recently, Gagie et al. proposed a version of the FM-index, called the r-index, that can store thousands of human genomes on a commodity computer. We later showed how to build the r-index efficiently via a technique called prefix-free parsing (PFP) and demonstrated its effectiveness for exact pattern matching. Exact pattern matching can be leveraged to support approximate pattern matching but the r-index itself cannot support efficiently popular and important queries such as finding maximal exact matches (MEMs). To address this shortcoming, Bannai et al. introduced the concept of thresholds, and showed that storing them together with the r-index enables efficient MEM finding --- but they did not say how to find those thresholds. We present another novel algorithm that applies PFP to build the r-index and find the thresholds simultaneously and in linear time and space with respect to the size of the prefix-free parse. Our implementation can rapidly find MEMs between reads and large sequence collections of highly repetitive sequences. Compared to existing methods, ours used 2 to 11 times less memory and was 2 to 32 times faster for index construction. Moreover, our method was less than one thousandth the size of competing indexes for large collections of human chromosomes.
Korean and Native English Teachers’ Perceptions of Online College English Classes and their Adaptation Process During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Objectives The purpose of the study was to investigate Korean and native English teachers’ perceptions of online classes during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of their technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK), techno-stress, teacher efficacy, and environmental support. The study also attempts to illustrate how the Korean and native English teachers have adapted to online classes during the COVID-19 pandemic and how their experience has affected their perceptions about online classes.&#x0D; Methods Data were collected through a survey questionnaire and interviews. A total of 37 (27 Korean, 10 native English) faculty members responded to the questionnaire and twelve of them participated in the interview. The responses in the survey were analyzed to compare the participants’ experience in online classes and their perceptions and interviews were coded to illustrate their adaptation process of teaching online classes.&#x0D; Results The results showed that there was no significant difference between the Korean and native English faculty groups in terms of their online class experience, and perception of TPACK, techno-stress, teacher efficacy, and environmental support. It was shown that the mean scores of TPACK and teacher efficacy were relatively high while their techno-stress was not high. The participants underwent the process of frustration, adaption, and reflection while coping with challenges of acquiring and utilizing technology-based instructional tools in their online classes. Though the participants were forced to adapt to online classes due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it helped them improve their technological skills and gain new understandings of their own classes and students.&#x0D; Conclusions The online class experience provided the participants an opportunity to improve their TPACK and to reflect on their teaching methods, students’ perspectives, and colleagues’ support. It can be suggested that teachers need to be encouraged and challenged to adapt to new teaching environments through which they can improve their teaching efficacy.&#x0D; &#x0D;
A Validation of Process-based Assessement Scale for Middle School Teachers' Expertise

Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a Process-based Assessement Scale for meddle school teachers' expertise to enhance the assessment competencey.&#x0D; Methods The preliminary version of the scale which was developed based on a theoretically grounded definition of teacher’s evaluation expertise and Process-based Assessment was refined and revised through focus group interview with middle school teachers and experts in the field of educational measurement and evaluation. A pilot test was conducted on samples of 315 middle school teachers to perform Rasch item fit, category probability curve, item difficulty, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. For statistical programs Jmetrik, AMOS 22.0, SPSS 26.0 were used.&#x0D; Results The result supporting the model fit, construct, discriminant validity of the 5 factors. And the item fit, categorical probability curve, and item difficulty on the five-point scale were also acceptable. Consequently, 16 items were derived with 5 factors: ‘understanding Process-based Assessment’, ‘establishment of Process-based Assessment plan’, ‘development of Process-based Assessment tool’, ‘execution of Process-based Assessment’, and ‘sharing and utilization of Process-based Assessment results’.&#x0D; Conclusions We discussed the academic and practical significance of this study in the aspect of the diffusion and substantialization of the policy, especially, as a tool for measuring educational performance outcomes following the operation of the Process-based Assessment. It is expected that the developed scale will be used to supplement the shortcomings of middle school teachers by identifying the elements necessary for them to have Process-based Assessment expertise.&#x0D; &#x0D;
History Educational Possibilities of the ‘Ideal Typus’ Theory beyond Structuring History

Objectives This study introduces the ‘Ideal Typus’ theory as a method of structuring history, and examines the historical educational potential of ‘Ideal Typus’ theory that goes beyond structuring and leads to the exploration of individual events.&#x0D; Methods This course examines how to structurally explain and understand history, such as concepts, generalizations, and colligations, and introduces ‘Ideal Typus’ theory. The ‘Ideal Typus’ thoery is an image that clearly constitutes the past as the most prominent characteristic of the type of individual event. It is similar to concepts, generalizations, and colligations in that the past is structured, but the ‘Ideal Typus’ theory does not stop there and begins to explore specific individual events based on the structured past. This is a unique characteristic of the ‘Ideal Typus’, and it is worthy of use in history education. Therefore, we will derive the possibilities of the ‘Ideal Typus’ other than the concepts, generalizations, and colligations.&#x0D; Results The ‘Ideal Typus’ theory is a way to structure history. However, the ‘Ideal Typus’ theory does not stop at structuring, but leads to exploring the individual events themselves. Exploring the characteristics of individual events is important in relation to the identity of the history subject. Therefore, history education should not be content with generalizing the past, but go on to explore individual events. To do this, a standard framework is needed, and the ‘Ideal Typus’ theory can serve as that framework.&#x0D; Conclusions The ‘Ideal Typus’ is a kind of structuring in that it is derived by collecting only the highest degree of commonalities among several individual events. However, it does not stop here, and it is characterized by the fact that learning continues with the exploration of individual events. The structured ‘Ideal Typus’ concepts becomes a frame of reference for exploring specific past events, and inquiry learning is accomplished by comparing this frame with the type of event. In this way, it can be expected that the learner-centered class effect and historical thinking ability will be improved.&#x0D; &#x0D;
Tirekhtyakh, Arga-Ynnakh-Khai and Kester intrusive complexes based on the materials of GDP-200 on the territory of sheets Q-53-IX, X

The structural position, petrographic composition, petroand geochemical features of amphibole-biotite, biotite and amblygonite-lepidolite granitoid of the study area are characterized. Taking into account these characteristics, it is proposed that the intrusive formations of the Tirekhtyakh and Endegechuy tectonic-magmatic series belong to the Tirekhtyakh whereas intrusive formations of Yano-Borulakh belong to the Arga-YnnakhKhai and Kester complexes. The distinctive features of the Tirekhtyakh complex are the diorite-granodioritegranite trend of differentiation and the amphibole-biotite association of mafic minerals. Biotite and two-mica granite of the Yano-Borulakh series are assigned to the Arga-Ynnakh-Khai complex by the absence of diorite components in the differentiation trend and amphibole among mafic minerals. Small bodies and dikes of amblygonite-lepidolite granite and leucogranite with reverse trends of differentiation, the presence of lithium micas, the presence of topaz and the minerals of the amblygonite-montebrasite series, as well as high contents of lithium, phosphorus and fluorine, are combined into the Kester complex. Studies are recommended to clarify the age of igneous complexes using modern methods and justify the identification of the Tirekhtyakh complex with the Tirekhtyakh massif as a petrotype.
Implementation of ECLAT Algorithm to Determine Product Purchasing Pattern at Coffee Shop

Analyzing data can help businesses find out consumer product purchasing patterns, including the coffee shop business. Transaction data can also be knowledge that can be used to determine business decisions. The study applied the association rule using the ECLAT algorithm to determine purchasing pattern of products at the Coffee Shop. The ECLAT algorithm performs a frequent itemset search using the association rule technique. Transaction data for the last 4 months is used for processing. A total of 1515 transactions were processed with a minimum support requirement of 2%. Six 2itemset combinations resulted in support above 2%. To measure the level of strength of the rules that have been formed, the lift ratio test is applied. Of the 6 combinations formed, 4 rules produce a lift ratio &#x003E; 1. The rule with the highest support and passing the lift ratio test is found in the combination of mineral water and morning milk coffee cup with a support value of 6.36% and a lift ratio of 1.06. The combination of items formed can be recommended to the Coffee Shop owner to form a package menu and assist in determining future business decisions.
Phase Unwrapped Method of Modified Fringe Order

Phase measurement profilometry is an optical three-dimensional measurement method, in which phase is the key factor to accurately obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the measured object, but there will be phase jump error in phase unwrapped process.In order to eliminate the phase jump error existing in the phase unwrapped process based on the principle of multi-frequency heterodyne, a phase unwrapped method with modified fringe orders is proposed.Modifying the integer part of the fringe orders according to the relationship between the integer part of the fringe orders of adjacent pixels can effectively eliminate the jump of the fringe orders caused by the small error, and avoid the transmission and amplification of the phase jump error in the process of fringe heterodyne.Using the multi-frequency characteristic, the absolute phase of the fringe with the middle period is solved by combining the phase information of the fringe with different periods, so as to improve the accuracy of the phase details of the solution.Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method has obvious correction effect on the phase jump error, and the unwrapped phase is smoother.Compared with existing methods, the phase error of the proposed method is reduced by an average of 23%.
Reducing warrant executions on incorrect addresses: a case of the Fulton County sheriff’s use of a criminal justice information system

This teaching case introduces students to the complexities inherent in the design, implementation, and management of criminal justice information systems connected to the execution of warrants for wanted persons. Unlike other types of information systems, such as those used in healthcare and public administration, the research regarding criminal justice information systems is sparse. Implications from these types of information systems have far-reaching consequences for the general public. In this teaching case, students will assume the role of external information systems consultants whose objective is to reduce the prevalence of warrants executed on incorrect addresses searching for wanted persons. Students will conduct a structured analysis of the criminal justice information system from the case text. Next, students will develop and present eleven deliverables, including recommendations written in the form of an executive report or executive presentation that ensures that end-users comply with best practices in addition to known laws and regulations. Sample solutions and a grading rubric are provided in the teaching notes.
Nanoscale Isolation with Circularly Polarized Stimulated Raman Scattering in a Doubly-resonant Silicon Metasurface for Subwavelength Nonreciprocity

Nonreciprocal devices allow light to pass in one-direction only, which is critical for the stable operation of photonic systems, but conventional isolators remain prohibitively large. We fabricate and demonstrate metasurfaces for sub-micron nonreciprocal Raman amplification.
‘I’m right behind you’: Digital contact tracing under European law

The features of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demand a new form of contact tracing performed by digital means: digital contact tracing. However, this mechanism raises several issues in light of relevant European regulations, particularly in terms of personal data protection and privacy. The challenge is to have a digital contact tracing model that efficiently and speedily alerts people to potential infection, so they can get tested and isolated as necessary, but that also complies with European legal standards. This paper will address two main issues. First, it will analyse digital contract tracing and its different features from the perspective of data protection and privacy, seemingly the main concern in this domain. Secondly, the paper will analyse the loopholes and benefits of digital contact tracing in the European context, focusing on the tension between privacy, individual liberties and public health to address its legitimacy.
Online Safe Trajectory Generation of Quadrotors Autonomous Landing in Complex Dynamic Environments

This paper regards obstacle avoidance and landing as a whole process and proposes a motion planning framework for the quadrotor, which can real-time calculate and enable the quadrotor to avoid obstacles while landing on the mobile platform. Assuming the platform’s motion state is known, the Move-RRT and Move-B-RRT sampling algorithms can establish the static and dynamic trees to obtain the collision-free path containing time information. The algorithm adopts proportional sampling to make the time allocation between path points reasonable. We can determine the static obstacles and mobile platform positions and generate the flight corridor according to the position and time information contained in the path points. After optimization, trajectories represented by piecewise Bézier curves satisfying dynamic constraints are obtained. This paper verifies the motion planning framework in a complex simulation environment.
ANDEA: Anomaly and Novelty Detection, Explanation, and Accommodation

The detection of, explanation of, and accommodation to anomalies and novelties are active research areas in multiple communities, including data mining, machine learning, and computer vision. They are applied in various guises including anomaly detection, out-of-distribution example detection, adversarial example recognition and detection, curiosity-driven reinforcement learning, and open-set recognition and adaptation, all of which are of great interest to the SIGKDD community. The techniques developed have been applied in a wide range of domains including fraud detection and anti-money laundering in fintech, early disease detection, intrusion detection in large-scale computer networks and data centers, defending AI systems from adversarial attacks, and in improving the practicality of agents through overcoming the closed-world assumption.
Designing an Intelligent Firefighting Toy Car Using AR Technology and STEAM

For children, school-age is the best time to develop common-sense knowledge, as they need to know things by touch and direct perception. Currently, fire productions for children are the best medium for children’s learning but most of the existing children’s firefighting products have a single function and low interest, which cannot meet the growing needs of children and gradually cannot attract children’s attention. In terms of user experience, Augmented Reality (AR), as a new technology, is easy to arouse children’s interest in learning and stimulate children’s curiosity and exploration. AR technology adds computer-generated writing information, pictures, virtual 3D designs, videos, or scenes to the actual background perceived by users in real-time and accurately. It recognizes the organic incorporation of virtual and real scenes, to achieve a sensory practice outside reality. Integrating this technology into the design of children’s fire education products will play a role in teaching fun. Keeping the importance of VR technology in our society, this research paper designs a smart car by utilizing STM32F103 chip microcontroller as the key regulator core to regulator peripheral motorized drives, ultrasound, sensors, and other modules. Furthermore, the experiments demonstrate that the laboratory may be of practical benefit in developing learners’ comprehensive capacity and practical technological capabilities.
Perspectives on the Shift to Online Learning in Private English Language Centers in Greece

More technological integration has been implemented in English language classrooms in recent years (Mercado, 2017). This has been the case in the teaching of the English language in private language centers in GreeceGreece. Teachers of English in GreeceGreece believe that technologyTechnology is a tool and can be used in English language teaching (Spiris, 2014) along with others. This chapter examines the technological preparedness of teachers of English in private language centers in GreeceGreece during the COVID-19 pandemicPandemic and how their teaching was affected. In this mixed methods study, which was conducted through convenience sampling, 100 teachers of English and 50 English Language Center owners responded to two surveys and participated in follow up semi-structured interviewsSemi-structured interviews where their opinions on various aspects of technologyTechnology integration prior and during the pandemicPandemic were sought. The findings indicate that teachers and English Language Center owners reported overwhelmingly positive views on the integration of technologyTechnology into their classrooms but noted certain limitations when it comes to being educated in online education and implementing online course design. This chapter concludes that teachers were able to teach online successfully after they had taken some professional development courses on their own or from English language teacher associations.
LocatAR - An Augmented Reality Application for Local Points of Interest Identification

In unfamiliar places, people tend to look up Points of Interest (POIs) information either on the Internet or by asking locals. To benefit from content on the Internet, the travellers pay more attention to the graphically rendered information on the screen rather than the environment, which can lead to road accidents. Moreover, asking pedestrians for POI information often proves to be misleading. To overcome this problem, the transmission of location-based information is done in Augmented Reality (AR). The process results in less cognitive and physical activities as the users are not obliged to switch attention back and forth between information space and real-world view. In AR, location-based information appears immediately without blocking the real-world view. As a result, the LocatAR, an application is built as a personal tour guide, using location data to identify a POI in Augmented Reality (AR).LocatAR database contains Google Maps coordinates, phone numbers, and website links that represent each POI. Building LocatAR involves no AR Foundation and AR SDKs, which makes the software cost-effective, run on AR incompatible smartphones, and lightweight. To evaluate the application,thirty volunteers use LocatAR to complete a questionnaire for 14-days qualitative research. Ultimately, the study revealed 70% of the participants agreed that LocatAR correctly identifies POIs and delivers enough POI information.
Bicluster Network Model

This chapter introduces the bicluster network model (BINET; Shojima, 2019), a combination of the Bayesian network model (BNM; Chap. 8 , p. 349) and biclustering (Chap. 7 , p. 259). This model also closely resembles local dependence biclustering (LDB; Chap. 10 , p. 491). It is recommended that readers first read Chaps. 8 and 10 before going any further in this chapter.
Statistical quality assessment of Ising-based annealer outputs

The ability to evaluate the outcomes of quantum annealers is essential for such devices to be used in complex computational tasks. We introduce a statistical test of the quality of Ising-based annealers' output based on the data only, assessing the ground state's probability of being sampled. A higher probability value implies that at least the lower part of the spectrum is a part of the sample. Assuming a plausible model of the univariate energy distribution of the sample, we express the ground-state energy and temperature as a function of cumulants up to the third order. Using the annealer samples, we evaluate this multiple times using Bootstrap resampling, resulting in an estimated histogram of ground-state energies and deduce the desired parameter on this basis. The approach provides an easily implementable method for the primary validation of Ising-based annealers' output. We demonstrate its behavior through experiments made with actual samples originating from quantum annealer devices.