Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Analysis Using Pylenm Package of Chernobyl Long-Term Groundwater Monitoring Data: First Experience and Opportunities

Summary The PyLEnM framework based on unsupervised machine learning (ML) algorithms was applied to analyse Chernobyl groundwater monitoring data set comprising of 74 monitoring wells within the 10-km zone of Chernobyl nuclear power plant for the period from 1990 to 2019. Concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in groundwater were studied depending on the groundwater water level, surface deposition of fallout radionuclides, monitoring borehole design characteristics and distance from the source of release. No strong positive correlation of radionuclide groundwater concentrations with land surface contamination was determined, suggesting that a larger set of attributes is needed to explain variability of groundwater data. Time trends of 90Sr in groundwater and results of ML analyses are consistent with the conceptual model assuming a gradual release from dissolving fuel particles and its downward transport through vadose zone to groundwater. The results for 137Cs can likely be explained by a combination of facilitated transport and fixation to clay minerals in the topsoil layer. The conducted pilot computational analysis of the Chernobyl dataset offers further opportunities for in-depth research on the application of AI/ML-guided analyses in order to improve conceptual understanding of radionuclide migration process and draw lessons from radiation monitoring experience.
Visualization of Three-Dimensional Geoelectric Models Using Python

Summary Modern earth sciences attach great importance to three-dimensional modeling for the analysis of geological objects of varying complexity and geological and geophysical content. In the field of computer graphics, 3D modeling is the process of creating mathematical representations of any three-dimensional object or environment using specialized software. The final stage of 3D modeling involves customizing the display of the model, including creating its visual integrity and conveying features and details in the image to create a complete ensemble of the object under study. One of the main goals of this work is to adapt the results of a three-dimensional electromagnetic field modeling program developed by R. Mackie (1997) using the modern capabilities of the Python programming language for visualizing three-dimensional shapes. This paper emphasizes the capabilities of the Python programming language for adapting complex 3D models and computations, including electromagnetic field models. It opens up prospects for further research and development of methodologies in the field of geology and geophysics, and can serve as a basis for creating the most complex and accurate models. The use of programming enables geologists and geophysicists to analyze and visualize data efficiently.
Upgrading the JANET neural network by introducing a new storage buffer of working memory

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), along with long short-term memory networks (LSTMs), have been successfully used on a wide range of sequential data problems and have been entitled as extraordinarily powerful tools for learning and processing such data. However, the search for a new or derived architecture that would model very long-term dependencies is still an active area of research. In this paper, a relatively psychologically plausible architecture named event buffering JANET (EB-JANET) is proposed. The architecture is derived from the forgetgate- only version of the LSTM, which is also called just another network (JANET). The new architecture implements a new working memory mechanism that operates on information represented as dynamic events. The event buffer, as a container of events, is a reference to the state of the relevant pre-activation values on the basis of which historical candidate values were generated relative to the current timestep. The buffer is emptied as needed and depending on the context of information. The proposed architecture has achieved world-class results and it outperforms JANET on multiple benchmark datasets. Moreover, the new architecture is applicable to a wider class of problems and showed superior resilience when processing longer sequences, as opposed to JANET which experienced catastrophic failures on certain tasks.
Dynamic Cournot Oligopoly Models of the State Promotion of Innovative Electronic Courses in Universities

We built and investigated a two-level dynamic game theoretic model of control of the state promotion of innovative electronic courses in universities based on Cournot oligopoly. A federal state is the Principal, and universities competing a la Cournot are agents. The agents invest in the development of new electronic educative courses that is considered as their innovative investments. The Principal gives subsidies to the agents for the promotion of innovations. The agents play a dynamic game in normal form that results in a Nash equilibrium, and the Principal solves an inverse Stackelberg game (a Germeier game of the type Γ2t). We investigated different types of strategies: (1) uniform strategies for all agents; (2) type-dependent (agent efficiency-dependent) strategies; (3) action-dependent strategies. For a specific form of the model functions we found a solution in explicit form, and in the general case we used a method of qualitatively representative scenarios in simulation modeling. We analyzed the results by means of the individual and collective relative efficiency indices.
Social Engineering and Ransomware, Still the Top Threats in CyberSecurity Space, Why and How to Avoid?

Social engineering and ransomware have been around for many years in the industry across sectors including manufacturing, technology and finance. The motive behind these techniques and attacks have always been gaining access to systems, data especially PII, MNPI. Most of these attacks were sponsored by nations at first, due to the amount of resources and effort needed at scale but it has now evolved into the top cybersecurity threats plaguing industries. In spite of the presence of various cybersecurity threats, evolving risk landscape, Social engineering and ransomware topping the charts is a mystery to professionals working outside of the security domain. This article aims at understanding the context behind these techniques and attacks, providing real time examples driving the relation between social engineering and Ransomware attacks, methods that are tried and tested, used by firms in the real world that has helped bring the numbers and frequency of these attacks down. This article also brings perspective from the various thought leaders, consulting firms working in Cybersecurity space.
Complaint Discourse Features in Modality Forms: A Comparative Analysis of Japanese and Indonesian Internet Review

This paper describes a comparative study of complaint discourse in Japanese and Indonesian focusing on modality expression. 500 items of each language were collected from TripAdvisor and usage of modality were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. As a result, modality forms have often been reported to be used to show consideration for the other person, such as avoidance of judgments and euphemisms, roundabout expressions or consideration (hairyo) for the other person are expressed. It was confirmed in complaint discourse, that there are cases in which have no consideration (hairyo) for the other person at all, rather than in a direct way of speaking. Both Japanese and Indonesian modality functioned effectively for expressing complaint. It was found that in “obvious complaint” the modality emphasizes the hotel’s faults and forces them to work appropriately, and in “implicit complaint”, the modality can express complaint with slightly reducing the burden on the hotel side by emphasizing the self-pay. The subject is used to determine whether an utterance expressing Complaint is “explicit/direct” or “implicit/indirect” in terms of the discourse level. In other words, the degree of FTA (Face Threat Act) differs depending on whether the subject is the writer (the guest) or the reader (the hotel). When the subject of “an act” is the reader (hotel side), the modality form functions to emphasize the reader’s fault (wrongness) or to force the reader (hotel side) to act. On the other hand, when the subject of “an act” was the writer, the function was to emphasize self- imposed burden or to understate the fault/burden of the reader (the hotel side).
Analysis of the Regret Speech Act in Japanese

The characters in Japanese animation (or anime) are the center of this study, which examines the ways in which they demonstrate regret. Many prior studies have used anime as research study material because it is one of the media that is extremely interesting to analyze from a variety of perspectives. For this analysis, researchers used information from 14 episodes of the 24-minute-long anime series Golden Time. The animation depicts the daily lives of Japanese college students, and the numerous struggles they endure are depicted through several expressions of regret. The data gathered is derived from transcripts of talks carried out by the anime characters and is utilized as research material. The collected data was 54 regret speech act utterances and then examined using a qualitative descriptive approach. The data were then classified into the varieties of regret indicated by Pink. After being analyzed, it was shown that noni form dominates the regret speech acts performed in anime, and the types of regret speech acts that are commonly employed are those related to regret of an action or opportunity that should have been taken by someone. It is also known in this study that Japanese people tend to express regret by providing information about facts that differ from what they expected, causing them to feel regret. When they express regret, they may also blame themselves for their actions.
Improving The Reading Comprehension through The Use of Think Pair Square at The Second Grade Students of UPT SMPN 1 Srengat Blitar

Reading plays a very essential role in the context of the teaching of English as a foreign language in Indonesia. In fact, it is one of the supporting skills that students should master if they want to acquire a good mastery of English. Because of its position, reading becomes a very important language skill to be developed in the classroom and consequently the teaching and learning English should be devoted very much for students to develop this receptive skill.&#x0D; . In practice of teaching and learning, reading is a complex process of interaction between writers and readers through printed symbols in the form of texts which requires the readers to master certain skills so that they can catch the intended message in the texts. Texts should be presented in suitable, readable and exploitable ways so that they can be comprehended by their readers . The readers, however, should have reading strategies to apply in order to make reading process run smoothly and faster and finally the intended messages are caught . There are a number of factors affecting the success of reading namely a teacher’s reading competence, students’ competence and the characteristics of the reading materials itself. In second language classes, background knowledge and reading skill constitute the most supporting factors in reading comprehension. &#x0D; This Classroom Action Research (CAR) has an objective to improve the reading comprehension of the second year students of UPT SMPN 1 Srengat Blitar through the use of Think Pair Square method. The subjects of this study were 32 students of class VIII-G SMPN 1 Srengat Blitar in academic year of 2020- 2021, while the object of this study was the technique of teaching reading using Think Pair Square strategy to improve the students’ reading comprehension. The action in the study was conducted in two cycles with four stages of planning, implementing, observing and reflecting on each.&#x0D; Based on the observation on the students’ achievement in cycle two, the students’ average score improved from 79 in the first cycle to 80 in the second cycle . Their classical mastery also improved from 77% in the cycle one to 87% in cycle two. In short, it can be concluded that in the last cycle, students had really made significant progress. Uniquely, the lower and middle students seemed to benefit more the method compared to the upper students indicated by their score in the first and second test. Therefore, English teachers are advisable to adopt the Think Pair square strategy in teaching reading. Besides, they are also encouraged to apply the strategy by using experimental design.&#x0D; The data taken from the observation sheets on the teacher’s and students’ performance done by the collaborator, field note made by the teacher, and mainly the students’ achievement at the last test proved the Think Pair Square strategy to be effective in improving the students’ reading comprehension.&#x0D;
Students' Perceptions and Stress Levels Following Online Learning

The spread of the COVID-19 disease has made the government issue an online learning process policy to break the virus spread chain. Online learning is a new learning method, and students are not used to it. They are struggling to the learning concept and do not understand how to use the supporting applications of online learning. If the students keep feeling anxious and distressed, they will be stressed out. This study was conducted to determine students' perception of online learning and their stress level during the COVID-19 pandemic at Senior Highschool 3 Sibolga (SMA Negeri 3 Sibolga). This study used a descriptive quantitative research design and univariate analysis. Samples were obtained using the Probability Sampling method, which is Simple Random Sampling. By using the method, 86 respondents were obtained. The instrument research is questionnaires on the perception of online learning. The results showed that 51 students (59.3%) perceived online learning negatively. In contrast, 35 students (40.7%) perceived online learning positively. In terms of stress level, 75 students (87.2%) have moderate stress, 3 students (3.5%) have mild stress, and 8 students (9.3%) have heavy stress. The study results recommend that community health centers education and guidance to the students on dealing with stress during online learning at school.
UserNLP’22: 2022 International Workshop on User-centered Natural Language Processing

We report goals, paper submissions, keynotes, and organizations of this UserNLP workshop. User-centered NLP can fill these gaps by explicitly considering stylistic variations across individuals or groups of individuals and focusing on user-level modeling tasks. While traditional NLP tasks tend to focus on single documents (e.g., sentiment analysis), user-centered NLP aims to make inferences for individual users, on the basis of one or more documents associated with that user. This workshop aims to create a platform where researchers can present rising challenges in building user-centered NLP models and discuss shared issues across multidisciplinary fields. We have received 11 submissions and accepted 6 of the submissions, which were reviewed by our 19 program committee members. The program invited four keynote talks from both academia and industry. We appreciate the valuable contributions from the organizing committee, program committee, keynote speakers, and the manuscript authors.
IMPROVING STUDENT’S SPEAKING SKILL BY USING BRAINSTORMING METHOD OF THE TENTH GRADE IN SMA UNGGULAN UMMU RAHMAH IN 2020/2021

The difficulty of students in speaking in English is a problem that must be solved. So this is the background for doing this research. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using the brainstorming method in students' speaking learning and to find out whether students are interested in learning with this method. The subjects in this study were students of the first grade of SMA Unggulan Ummu Rahmah for the academic year 2020/2021, totaling 30 students. This study used two classes, namely class X-1 as the experimental class and class X-2 as the control class. This study uses quantitative methods conducted by experimental research. Researchers used two instruments. There are tests carried out including pre-test, post-test and interviews. Based on the results of data processing, the results can be concluded that there is a significant increase, namely the post-test average value is higher than the pre-test (74.3&gt;55) and (51.6&gt;63.3). From the results of the data that has changed, it can be concluded that students have increased in learning by using the brainstorming method. And the results of interviews conducted with English teachers prove that this method is effective for students. The reliability of the research in this study showed the number 4.8. And this belongs to the good category and it can be said that this research is valid and significant
Organizational Pride as Correlate of Teachers' Job Effectiveness in Public Secondary Schools in Imo State

The study investigated organizational pride as correlate of teachers' job effectiveness in public secondary schools in Imo State. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study was 5,364 teachers while the sample size consisted of 3,284 teachers selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected through a 15-item structured questionnaire that comprised two clusters. Cluster A dealt with the existence of organizational pride while cluster B considered the influence of organizational pride on teachers' job effectiveness. The instrument was validated by three experts, two from the Department of Educational Management and Policy and one from the Department of Educational Foundation, all from the Faculty of Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The reliability of the instrument was obtained through Cronbach Alpha with a weighted average of 0.86 which was considered high enough for be study. Mean and standard Deviation were used to answer the research questions while T-Test statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 significant level. The study found out among others that organizational pride does not exist among teachers in public secondary schools in Imo State. The recommendation among others is that Imo State Government through the Ministry of Education should improve the welfare of teachers and their general conditions of service as this will make teachers happy and proud of their work
A Contrastive Analysis of Lexical Features of Government Work Report for 2020 and Its Translation—From the Perspective of Halliday’s Three Meta-Functions Theory

The translation of government work report (GWR) should not only be faithful to the spirit of the original text, but also close to the stylistic features of target language and the context. These features correspond to the Ideational, Interpersonal and Textual functions of Three Meta-functions Theory, which is of great research value in the current circumstance beset by COVID-19. Taking 2020 GWR as the research material due to its special social environment, this paper makes a systematic comparative study of lexical features between the source text and its English translation based on three meta-functions theory. Through quantitative statistics and qualitative text analysis, the realization and distribution of three meta-functions in the source text and its translation are discussed. At the same time, the reasons for the equivalence and non-equivalence between two texts are explored to summarize corresponding modification suggestions and translation strategies. Through comparative analysis, it is found that for ideational process, the discrepancy is significant in terms of material and relational processes between the source text and its translation. For interpersonal function, the source text mainly uses modal operators of high value while the translation the median. And for textual function, there were many additions of first-person plural pronouns in translation due to its writing habits. These findings can help better understand the language mechanism and connotation of the translation of GWR, thus enriching their research perspective to some extent.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Engineering Colleges of Bhutan Concerning Teaching and Learning

The education system has predominantly been just a face-to-face session that happens in a classroom in various schools and colleges in Bhutan.Given that, all the teachers and even the students were accustomed to that way of teaching and learning.However, with the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a radical shift to online teaching and learning for almost two years across the schools and colleges within the country.Being new to the platform, almost all have to learn how to use the technology that enables them to make their teaching and learning productive.The research mainly outlines the analysis of the challenges and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in engineering colleges of Bhutan with online teaching and learning sessions.
Web-based accreditation with mobile data reporting and visualization

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Accreditation is the formal recognition of an educational program that possesses a high level of quality based on the analysis of the merits of its educational operations in attaining its objectives and its role in the community that it serves. Institutions in Higher Education (HEIs) play a very significant role in making a country to be competitive globally through the skilled human capital resources it produces. The function is intimidating as the institution has to regularly check itself against the global standards in place and keep itself updated on the latest demands of the labor market. This is about investing in a considerable amount of resources to develop its faculty, research, and facilities. (Pacquaio et. Al; 2012)The study aimed to develop a Web-based Accreditation with Data Reporting and Visualization for Program Accreditation. The study was for the management and monitoring of the required documents in all areas of accreditation especially in the Computer Science Program by utilizing this system. This system would assist the users to monitor the progress of each area of accreditation effectively. It is controlled by the system administrator that can add and manage user accounts, programs, and content to the system. The people assigned can upload documents in PDF (Portable Document Format) or .pdf and exchange notes with each other.The system evaluation was based on the standard set by International Standardization Organization, the ISO 25010 which was used to evaluate software products. The variables that were needed to test the system were functional suitability, usability, security, compatibility, portability, and maintainability provided in the questionnaire which would establish the credibility of this research through the scientific approach used in statistical treatment which was later interpreted and analyzed to give findings.The system was assessed by the three groups of participants, the accreditation personnel, faculty members, and IT staff that yielded mostly “highly acceptable” and “acceptable responses on the features of the system. The proponent found that there was a significant difference between the evaluations of the three groups of participants by utilizing Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); thus the null hypothesis was rejected. These features and functionalities of the system were beneficial in accreditation and complied with the international standards of software product quality in the development of systems.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;