Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Assessing Impacts of Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Design Reviews on Learners’ Self-Efficacy

An effective design review is critical to identifying changes and/or errors at the early stage of construction projects and reduce the project costs. Traditionally, design reviews are conducted by reviewing the project by reading multiple drawings. The inherent demands of reading project drawings are especially challenging for entry-level built environment learners who often need professional experience and may need more training and skills to fully understand technical representations. Previous research has focused on evaluating the impacts of interactive visualization technologies, such as virtual reality, on the learners’ design review thinking skills and showed how such technologies could support learners and industry professionals in performing design reviews. However, such research has yet to assess its impacts on their self-efficacy in engaging in design review thinking skills. Self-efficacy can be defined as one's perception of their ability to perform a task, such as problem-solving and evaluation. To understand how the VR technology can support learners in increasing their self-efficacy in performing design reviews, the researchers hosted a pilot study to evaluate immersive virtual reality design reviews' impacts. Based on the results of this pilot study, the implementation of immersive virtual reality has the potential to positively impact first year-built environment learners’ self-efficacy in performing design reviews
A Framework for Realistic Virtual Representation for Immersive Training Environments.

As mixed-reality (XR) technology becomes more available, virtually simulated training scenarios have shown great potential in enhancing training effectiveness. Realistic virtual representation plays a crucial role in creating immersive experiences that closely mimic real-world scenarios. With reference to previous methodological developments in the creation of information-rich digital reconstructions, this paper proposes a framework encompassing key components of the 3D scanning pipeline. While 3D scanning techniques have advanced significantly, several challenges persist in the field. These challenges include data acquisition, noise reduction, mesh and texture optimisation, and separation of components for independent interaction. These complexities necessitate the search for an optimised framework that addresses these challenges and provides practical solutions for creating realistic virtual representations in immersive training environments. The following exploration acknowledges and addresses challenges presented by the photogrammetry and laser-scanning pipeline, seeking to prepare scanned assets for real-time virtual simulation in a games-engine. This methodology employs both a camera and handheld laser-scanner for accurate data acquisition. Reality Capture is used to combine the geometric data and surface detail of the equipment. To clean the scanned asset, Blender is used for mesh retopology and reprojection of scanned textures, and attention given to correct lighting details and normal mapping, thus preparing the equipment to be interacted with by Virtual Reality (VR) users within Unreal Engine. By combining these elements, the proposed framework enables realistic representation of industrial equipment for the creation of training scenarios that closely resemble real-world contexts
Adapting BIM-Based AR Positioning Techniques to the Construction Site

While Building Information Modelling (BIM) can support the management and visualisation of construction projects, Augmented Reality (AR) holds great promise to enhance interaction with these complex models. The accurate positioning of BIM-AR models in construction sites is critical to ensure that the virtual and real-world environments are correctly aligned. Through a literature review, this paper presents a review of state-of-the-art positioning techniques. It explores the different techniques used to position BIM-AR models and understands the interconnections and differences between them, with an emphasis on their applicability to the construction industry. The review also explores the challenges and limitations of each technique, in terms of the trade-offs between accuracy, computational efficiency, and robustness in varying environments. By providing an overview of positioning techniques in BIM-AR, this paper aims to guide researchers and practitioners in assessing the suitability of these techniques in the context of construction sites. The insights gained from this review may inform the development of efficient BIM-AR platforms that are more aligned with the dynamic and complex nature of construction sites
Fast and Secure BIM Design Using Blockchain: An Example of Makeshift Hospital Project for COVID-19 Treatment in Hong Kong

A crucial action of COVID-19 combat is the quick design and building of makeshift hospitals (MHs). Although adopting building information modeling (BIM) promotes the digitalization and communication of design collaboration, data security vulnerabilities (e.g., lacking traceability and transparency) are detected and have inevitably impeded the efficiency and productivity of the MH project. Such problems often lead to rework and unnecessary disputes, wasting valuable time on projects requiring ultra-fast construction speed. The emerging blockchain technology offers an immutable and traceable collaboration environment. However, limited studies have integrated blockchain in the BIM design process, especially design in emergency projects like MH. Therefore, this paper proposes a blockchain-enabled collaboration (BEC) framework for fast and secure BIM design. The framework is illustrated in an actual MH project in Hong Kong, and results show that: (1) it supports secure and automated BIM data exchange and (2) it saves 23 % of the time in a design coordination case
Concept for Enriching NISO-STS Standards with Machine-Readable Requirements and Validation Rules

During building project planning, various standards, such as material specifications, value ranges, and construction regulations, must be considered. When analyzing a regulation for its BIM-based use, it must be identified which information can be checked directly or indirectly using a BIM model. The basis for the directly checkable information requirements is the explicit description of object classes, object types, properties, and values. Additionally, complex validation rules can be derived from the standards. These information extractions are mostly performed manually and laboriously on text-based regulatory documents. To provide a better data format, the NISO proposed the Standard Tag Suite (NISO-STS), which is an XML format for publishing and exchanging full-text content and metadata of standards. This paper proposes a concept to enrich standards in NISO-STS format with information requirements and validation rules to provide a machine-interpretable semantic knowledge base for BIM processes. To achieve this, the concept utilizes natural language processing (NLP) methods to extract semantic information from the standards. Furthermore, the paper introduces a workflow to transfer the gathered knowledge into the XML-based standard. This allows the acquired semantic knowledge to be used BIM-based and directly updated in future versions of the standards. To show the applicability of the concept an approach is presented in which the obtained information is stored and used as a queryable knowledge base. The resulting database is used by a querying assistant, in which a user can enter keywords and questions that are translated into SPARQL queries to provide answers for the given input
Enhancing Interactions in Augmented Reality for Construction Sites: Introducing the Archi Ontology

Augmented reality (AR) systems offer new possibilities for enhancing how people interact with information and their environment in the construction sector. However, traditional software-driven approaches to AR system design have limitations in creating intuitive user experiences. This research presents a new user-centric framework and ontology for BIM-AR system development focused on human needs and perspectives. The BIM-AR Framework consists of a 5-step circular hybrid process with the user at the center. To enable knowledge sharing, the Augmented Reality Computer-Human Interaction (ARCHI) ontology was developed using Protégé based on established design principles. Initial validation indicates the framework's potential for improved AR system design, but further expert review and case studies are needed. The ontology also requires additional refinement and linkage to open data. This pioneering research lays the groundwork for next-generation AR systems that emphasize usability by taking a human-focused approach. With rigorous validation and evolution, the framework and ontology could transform AR technology development to create more purpose-driven and adopted solutions. This research represents a paradigm shift to user-centric AR system design that has significant potential to improve how augmented reality enhances construction project management
Transitioning from 2D to VR in Design Review – Resistance to Engagement

Although immersive virtual reality (VR) has been shown to facilitate collaborative understanding of a design, many users remain resistant to its use. Moreover, there is currently a lack of real-world studies investigating why certain users (e.g., architects) are resistant to use VR during design reviews. The aim of this study is to understand the resistance that influence client representatives’ and architects’ interaction with a VR-system that supports both fully- and non-immersive experiences of the virtual environment. Data were gathered from three VR-workshops, which were part of 3 design review sessions of a new elementary school. Additional data were gathered from four semi-structured interviews with both the architects and client representatives participating in all workshop sessions, the interior architect involved in the project as well as an additional six semi-structured interviews. These additional six interviews involved exterior architects from different firms, who had previously used VR for both informative and design review purposes. The findings suggest that client representatives and the architects had initially been resistant to use VR during the design reviews, but their attitudes changed progressively during the three workshops, in particular that of the architects. The findings also indicate that interactive features in VR (e.g., object manipulation, multi-user) help end users negotiate design requests more efficiently and make informed decision-making. This paper highlights how immersive VR could improve the design review process
Virtual Human-Building Interaction Experimentation Ontology (VHBIEO): A VHBIEO-Based Metadata-Driven Exploration

Virtual reality (VR) offers promise as a tool for building performance simulations, especially when considering human-building interactions in buildings or spaces still under design. However, the absence of standardized data protocols impedes the consistent sharing of VR-related experiments and findings. This makes advancing VR experimentation as a reliable method for studying human-building dynamics challenging. The authors introduced the Virtual Human-Building Interaction Experimentation Ontology (VHBIEO) to address the challenge. VHBIEO seeks to standardize experimentation details as a domain-specific ontology, enhancing their interoperability. It includes essential experimentation concepts and employs semantic web technologies to ensure machine readability. Moreover, it integrates an application view (APV) to tailor details to specific experiments. Using VHBIEO-based metadata, this paper presents a case study aiming to standardize experiments that validate thermal sensations in immersive virtual environments (IVE), encompassing experimental protocol, variables, design, and data gathering. By exploring the main characteristics of VHBIEO-based metadata, the authors discuss its potential to improve the reliability of human-building interaction research
Collaborative Site Layout Planning Using Multi-Touch Table and Immersive VR

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is changing the way architects and engineers produce and deliver design results, and object-oriented 3D models are now starting to replace traditional 2D drawings during the construction phase. This allows for a number of applications to increase efficiency, such as quantity take-off, cost-estimation, and planning, but it also supports better communication and increased understanding at the construction site by means of detailed 3D models together with various visualization techniques. However, even in projects with a fully BIM-based design, there is one remaining part that is still done primarily using 2D drawings and sketches – the construction site layout plan. In addition to not take advantage of the benefits offered by 3D, it also makes it difficult to integrate site layout planning within the openBIM ecosystem. In this paper we present the design and evaluation of a user-friendly, IFC-compatible software system that supports collaborative, multi-user creation of construction site layout plans using both multi-touch table and immersive VR. By allowing temporary structures, machines, and other components to be easily added and updated it is possible to continuously produce and communicate 3D site layout plans that are aligned with the schedule and supports integration with other BIM-tools
Integrating ESG Factors into Construction Projects: A Blockchain-Based Data Management Approach

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investing has become increasingly significant in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. However, the AEC industry faces challenges such as non-uniform standards, complex information sources, and data security concerns when collecting and verifying ESG data. At the same time, as one of the key points of carbon emission in AEC projects, the ESG management of construction projects is still lacking. This paper proposed a blockchain-based ESG data management framework, which designed to address these challenges in the AEC industry. The framework and the smart contract and transaction data model applied in it realize data collection and information verification in construction projects. By leveraging blockchain technology's key features of transparency, immutability, and traceability, the framework ensures secure and efficient ESG data management. Additionally, the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) technology enables access to original files for data verification and comparison, further enhancing authenticity. By integrating blockchain and IPFS technologies, our proposed solution enhances the reliability and traceability of ESG data in the construction projects, paving the way for more sustainable and transparent practices
TRAINING OF FUTURE OFFICERS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM

We analyze the professional training of future officers for professional activities at HMEI through the prism of their readiness to carry out activities that ensure Ukraine's national security and defence. Readiness is considered a subjective state of an individual with the ability and readiness to perform assigned military tasks according to the speciality, with his desire for effective performance. Practical training of future officers for professional activities is emphasized as one of the critical requirements for managers and teachers of higher education institutions, as it contributes to their quick adaptation to working conditions, further qualification improvement, and professional growth. The cadets' study of academic disciplines, with the predictable application of inter-subject connections, should contribute to their multidimensional competence development. Integrated, interdisciplinary and problem-based learning models are among the essential directions of implementing the educational process of cadets, which influence professional training and fully prepare them for the military profession and have become widespread in VVNIZ. Attention is focused on the systematic level of training of future officers for professional activity from low to high with a consistent transition of the prospective officer's readiness for disciplinary activity performance by officers of various functions, a significant one among which is the military-pedagogical one (the future officer is not only a military officer but also a teacher and organizer of education and training); a high degree of social responsibility, conservatism, strict regulation of the conditions of an officer's professional activity; the ability to effectively perform official duties and the adoption of the appropriate personal lifestyle, way of thinking, system and values by the cadets of VVNIZ. Consideration of the training of future officers for military professional activity proves the importance of two types of readiness for such activity - general and situational (according to situations). Situational - is close to establishing such training and its pre-start state, while available - preparation is competent, professional, and long-term. The analysis of the outlined problems of training future officers for professional activity proves that the identified research areas only affect specific training components.
EDUCATION IN HIGHER SCHOOL: FORMATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS

Annotation. The article characterizes the professional and pedagogical competence of a specialist, which includes instrumental (knowledge of the profession, abilities, skills, educational and professional activities, independent decision-making) and individual-personal (various types of actions, which involve observing pedagogical tact, sociability, benevolence, emotional balance, parity in relationships) components. Administrative competence has been updated. For its analysis, functional-analytical and technological approaches were chosen with the description of admministrative functions, within which the essential characteristics are described. We included goal-setting, anticipation in planning, forecasting of future results and skillful reflection of management activities as components of managerial competence. We associate administrative competence with the acquired managerial abilities and certain practical technological skills of a specialist for effective performance of professional functions. The implementation of motivational-targeted, prognostic, informational-communicational, organizational-research and regulatory-corrective functions in pedagogical activity is described, based on the management competence formed in the future teacher, which includes the acquisition of certain knowledge, abilities and skills in the management of an educational institution.
A Brief Overview of Federated Learning - A New Perspective on Data Privacy

Abstract While privacy concerns remain the main challenge starting with the promulgation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), for deep learning applications, Google introduced recently the Federated Learning (FL) technique to offer support for high privacy-sensitive data, which makes FL a hot research topic nowadays. Thus, it is a distributed machine learning technique in which multiple devices (clients) collaboratively train a global model to solve issues where the first concern is data privacy. This work provides a brief study of FL: an overview of this new topic, related works, a comparison with other machine learning techniques, an overview of algorithms that are currently used, and, in the end, some simulation results and new directions of research. The simulations show the distributed behavior of the FL algorithm and the way in which the Federated Averaging method can be applied. Through the performed analysis of the obtained results, it was figured out that approach would be beneficial for several applications in domains like automotive, 5G and others.
The CUSUM model, a security tool

The Cusum method allows the student is evaluated personalized way. It requires software where alpha and beta errors and acceptable failure rate (h0) or unacceptable (h1) are set. When the participant is within the limits of decision h0 and h1 is within the learning curve and just across the decision limit h0, it can be considered that it has acquired efficiency in performing this procedure (competition).
Towards Sustainable Interaction in the Home Appliance Industry: An AI-Powered Dialogue System Approach

Advancements in AI have spotlighted the importance of interaction research tailored to specific vertical domains, such as distinct industries or market sectors with unique needs. Using the home appliance industry as a case in point, there exists a palpable gap in harnessing AI for enduring, multi-stage user engagement. This study endeavors to fill this void, proposing a bespoke system model grounded in a dialogue system tailored for this vertical domain. Harnessing intent recognition, knowledge graph technologies, and user profile insights, a dialogue robot module was engineered to provide finely-tuned product recommendations. Complemented by a supporting module dedicated to data visualization and continuous user profile evolution, our framework underscores the shift towards sustainable, long-term interactions. Drawing insights from 25,139 home appliance reviews and 5,585 knowledge graph entries, our findings not only offer a pioneering interaction paradigm for the home appliance sector but also hint at its applicability across analogous vertical domains.
Fundamentals of Big Data, Machine Learning, and Computer Vision Workflow

This chapter serves as a foundational guide to the essential principles of big data, machine learning, and computer vision workflows. The exploration begins with an introduction, setting the stage for a comprehensive tutorial that elucidates the workflow’s fundamentals. The chapter unfolds with a step-by-step tutorial focused on the classification of cotton water stress using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs).
Introduction

The introduction of this book sets the stage by exploring the motivation behind leveraging smart big data in the context of digital agriculture. It begins by elucidating the concept of smart big data and its relevance in transforming the agricultural landscape. The authors delve into the intersection of plant physiology and artificial intelligence, presenting it as a novel frontier in agricultural research. The integration of big data acquisition and advanced analytics is highlighted as a key catalyst for innovation in the field. The objectives and methods employed in the book are outlined, providing a roadmap for the readers to navigate the forthcoming content. Emphasis is placed on the unique contributions that the book brings to the intersection of digital agriculture, smart big data, and artificial intelligence. The chapter concludes with a detailed outline, offering a preview of the book’s structure and the topics covered in each section. This comprehensive introduction serves as a foundation for the readers to grasp the significance of plant physiology-informed artificial intelligence in the realm of digital agriculture, providing a compelling rationale for the subsequent chapters. The References section ensures scholarly credibility and points readers toward additional resources for further exploration.