Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Institutions and Innovation by New Entrants: Cross-National and Firm-Level Evidence from 136 Nations

This study evaluates the institutional determinants of firm-level innovation output. It draws on theories of institutional development to argue that historical conditions affecting preferences for inclusive institutions contributed to higher rates of innovation by new entrants. The analyses evaluate these arguments using data from 212 nations (countries and autonomous territories) over 1960-2019 and nationally-representative samples of 28,335 new entrants in 136 nations over 2004-2019. The models instrument for institutions using data on historical conditions (pathogens and natural disasters) affecting institutional development. The findings show that inclusive institutions facilitating startup entry, growth, and exit are first-order determinants of national and firm-level innovation. At a national level, these institutions contributed to 33% higher rates of new entry, 102% higher scientific and technical knowledge production, 3.34% higher rates of patent applications, 205% higher value of high-technology products, and 313% higher receipts for intellectual property use. At a firm level, these institutions contributed to 27.64% higher rates of new product introductions, 11.50% higher rates of new process development, and 5.67% higher rates of R&D spending by new entrants.
INCREASING AWARENESS OF THE RHETORICAL STRUCTURE OF RESEARCH PAPER INTRODUCTIONS AS A WAY TO IMPROVE SCIENTIFIC SECOND LANGUAGE WRITING

A. Albatsha1, E. Aleshinskaya 2 1HSE University (RUSSIAN FEDERATION) 2National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (RUSSIAN FEDERATION)
Dört Kanatlı İnsansız Hava Araçları İçin Yapay Sinir Ağları İle Konum Tabanlı Görsel Servolama Position Based Visual Servoing with Artificial Neural Networks for Quadrotor-type Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

UAVs offer many advantages over manned vehicles and their application area expands in time passes. Particularly, interest in UAVs with rotary wing types is increasing. Increasing interest in these vehicles has spawned many different controller designs. In this study, estimating the pose of the vehicle according to the image features with the help of a single camera mounted on the quadrotor and then positionbased visual servoing, a technique that allows the vehicle to be controlled by using the image features, was used. In this study position-based visual servoing (PBVS); 3D parameter estimates of the vehicle pose were implemented with artificial neural networks.
Network Security Analysis and Bandwidth Management

Computer network users have to spend a lot of money to use the Internet. The Internet has given a very big change in the dissemination of information, so that many people are using data through the Internet. This problem can be solved by MikroTik as a regulator of Internet data traffic and limiting bandwidth that can interfere with computer network activities in accordance with the regulations that have been applied. As a result of not being limited in bandwidth, it causes an overload on a network which has an impact on disrupting internet traffic on that network. Each agency should implement bandwidth restrictions according to the needs of users using the internet. Result from this research is not being limited in bandwidth, it causes an overload on a network which has an impact on disrupting internet traffic on that network. Each agency should implement bandwidth restrictions according to the needs of users using the internet.
Prospect for Gold in Precambrian Iron Formation of Southwest Uttar Pradesh: Implications of Near-Surface Geophysics

Abstract Summary Prospect for Gold in Precambrian Iron Formation of Southwest Uttar Pradesh: Implications of Near-Surface Geophysics.
Analysis of Thief Identification Techniques using Artificial Intelligence

Theft is a major cause of violence around the world. Several valuable things are stolen as a result of security issues in the workplace, bank, and home. In previous years, a variety of techniques were used to reduce the risks. Two of these methods are burglar alarms and CCTV recording. However, these methods are inaccurate and disorganized due to a lack of human attention in such processes. Since such a system requires human maintenance to control the data collected by the camera, it presents a greater problem for shop or home owners. The that rate of crime causes people to struggle both financially and emotionally. As a result, there is a need to prevent theft and develop a security system. It has to be simple to use, free of false alarms, human interference-free, and cost-effective. The primary goal of this paper is to serve as both a concise overview and a reference by providing primary knowledge of various techniques used as well as various research opportunities in this field. A variety of methods for identifying the thief using artificial intelligence based on the face and behaviour recognition are demonstrated in this survey.
XOR-SGD: Provable Convex Stochastic Optimization for Decision-making under Uncertainty

Many decision-making problems under uncertainty can be formulated as convex stochastic optimization, which minimizes a convex objective in expectation across exponentially many probabilistic scenarios. Despite its convexity, evaluating the objective function is #P-hard. Previous approaches use samples from MCMC and its variants to approximate the objective function but have a slow mixing rate. We present XOR-SGD, a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) approach guaranteed to converge to solutions that are at most a constant away from the true optimum in linear number of iterations. XOR-SGD harnesses XOR-sampling, which reduces the sample approximation of the expectation into queries of NP oracles via hashing and projection. We evaluate XOR-SGD on two real-world applications. The first stochastic inventory management problem searches for a robust inventory management plan in preparation for the virus pandemics, natural disasters, etc. The second network design problem decides an optimal land conservation plan which promotes the free movement of wild-life animals. We show that our approach finds better solutions with drastically fewer samples needed compared to a couple of state-of-the-art solvers.
Text Analyzer - An Approach for Hate Speech &amp; Offensive Language Detection

As we know that the social crowd is increasing day by day, so is the hatred among them online. This hatred gives rise to hate speech/comments that are passed to one another online. Recently, the hate speech has increased so much that we need a way to stop them or at least contain it to minimum. Keeping this problem in mind, we have introduced a way in which we can detect the class of comments that are posted online and stop its spread if it belongs to hateful category. We have used Natural Language Processing methods and Logistic Regression algorithm to achieve our goal.
Keunikan Baju Kurung Pakaian Tradisional Perempuan Melayu Jambi

This research would focus on studying of Jambi Malay Culture from the point of view baju kurung as the traditional clothing of Jambi Malay women. By using qualitative research methods with a historical approach, this study aimed to determine the history and meaning of the philosophical values of baju kurung with its development ethically and aesthetically as the traditional clothing of Jambi Malay women. The benefits of this research were expected to become an inventory of Jambi Malay culture in the scientific studies. In the background of the diversity of natural and cultural wealth owned by Jambi province, there were many kinds of values of beauty, philosophy and cultural ethical and aesthetic values, one of them was an aesthetics in clothing which was important part of traditional Jambi Malay women's clothing. Baju kurung as a symbol of Jambi Malay Muslimah women have a philosophical meaning that was closely related to traditional and Islamic customs. The entry of Islam in the land of Malay Jambi influenced the concept of dressing up in Jambi's Malay women. It can be concluded that baju kurung was a reflection of the identity of Muslimah women in Jambi, according to Islamic law, which is described in the seloko of custom Jambi bersendi syara’, syara’ bersendi kitabullah. Syara’ mangato, adat memakai.  The seloko of custom Jambi has become a philosophical value in the art of dressing Jambi Malay women which has the uniqueness of ethical and aesthetic values without reducing the elegance of Jambi Malay women.
La enseñanza – aprendizaje de las Matemáticas, en ingenierías, en tiempos de Pandemia: una perspectiva desde la experiencia docente:

El proceso de ensenanza - aprendizaje en las IES enfocadas a ingenierias tiene su base en las Matematicas, esto repercute directamente en la necesidad de encontrar tecnicas educativas que faciliten el aprendizaje, reforzamiento en su caso o el estudio con mas profundidad de las matematicas dependiendo de la carrera a estudiar. Con la nueva realidad generada a causa de la pandemia por el COVID - 19 ha provocado que dicha ensenanza presencial de las Matematicas tenga que migrar a ambientes virtuales, como el Moodle, provocando grandes areas de oportunidad y retos para los actores involucrados que van desde la institucion educativa, el docente hasta el estudiante. Este articulo aborda dicha dinamica desde la perspectiva del docente y la necesidad de adaptacion, soporte y uso de nuevas tecnologias en su quehacer diario que coadyuven al proceso de ensenanza - aprendizaje y que aporte al estudiante una guia para su propio auto - aprendizaje como exige la modalidad de clases virtuales. Abstract. The teaching-learning process in engineering-focused IES is based on mathematics, this has a direct impact on the need to find educational techniques that facilitate learning, strengthening your case or studying math more deeply depending on the career to be studied. With the new reality generated by the COVID - 19 pandemic it has caused this face – to – face teaching of mathematics to migrate to virtual environments, such as the Moodle, provoking large areas of opportunity and challenges for the actors involved ranging from school, teacher to student. This article addresses this dynamic from the perspective of the teacher and the need to adapt, support and use new technologies in his daily work that contribute to the teaching process - learning and that provides the student with a guide for his own self - learning - learning as required by the virtual class modality.
Information Society Indicators: Algeria as a model

This research deals with the issue of information society indicators based on the importance of relying on statistical standards to measure the development of any field, especially the development of societies in the direction towards the information society, and which have been developed by international bodies specialized in this field, the research aims to identify the indicators for the Arab countries with a focus on the Algerian case, and that is based on the reports on measuring the information society issued by the International Telecommunication Union, this study falls within the descriptive studies. Progress has been reached in the Gulf countries in the field of orientation towards the information society, and some other Arab countries, including Algeria, have been late, where were a set of proposals submitted, on top of which is the adoption of an Arab strategy to move towards the information society and cooperation to eliminate the digital divide.
Blockchain for healthcare applications and use cases

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of how distributed ledger technologies (‘blockchain’) are currently being developed and deployed in the healthcare sector. Part I of the chapter provides an overview of data sources and data categories utilised in the study before analysing and highlighting the main findings of this study. Three findings are noteworthy: firstly, that the majority of blockchain for healthcare applications are still at the ‘concept’ or ‘development’ stage, and do not yet have an available product or service. Secondly, blockchain for healthcare applications that are promoted in the English language are predominately located in the United States. Thirdly, there are four observable categories of blockchain for healthcare applications with the most prevalent of these concerned with patient sovereignty over medical data. Part II of examines these four categories namely patient care, patient sovereignty over health data, healthcare administration and medical research in more detail. Part II of the chapter discusses the insights gleaned from the key findings of the study before some concluding remarks are made.
Biz4Fun, a Virtual 3D World for teaching Entrepreneurship Skills

Youth unemployment remains a serious concern in Europe. Poverty rates are higher for young people than for the overall population and involun-tary part-time work or protracted temporary positions expose this generation to a risk of long-term poverty. Even if the number of young people, who want to start their own business, increased, they perceive an actual beginning of their business as unrealistic due to shortage of financial and other sources. So, it is vital to inspire and motivate young people to start their own business, assist them in gaining strong entrepreneurship skills and competences, and ensure that the next generation of professionals have strong knowledge and entrepreneur-ship spirit. Biz4Fun is an Erasmus+ project, that utilizes a 3D Virtual World as the medium to attract and teach young people the necessary skills for establish-ing and running a successful start-up business. A relevant curriculum has been developed, along with learning material and scenarios, implemented in the 3D World based on Gamification approaches.
Compositional Programming (Artifact)

Our main paper presents CP, a Compositional Programming language in a statically typed modular programming style. This artifact includes its Haskell implementation, together with several examples and three case studies written in CP. All code snippets in our main paper can be type-checked and run using our CP interpreter.
제16회 국제중등과학올림피아드 물리 이론 문제에 대한 학생들의 풀이과정 분석

The purpose of this study was to analyze the 16th International Junior Science Olympiad (IJSO) physics theory problems and students' problem solving. The item analysis focused on the main concepts required in the problem and compared with the Korean curriculum. The problem solving of students was analyzed focusing on the difficulties of students appearing in solving each problem. The results were as follows. First, the 16th IJSO physics theory problems include the concepts of the Korea's physics I and II curriculum. Second, in the case of problem situations that are not frequently encountered, students use arbitrary interpretations to ignore the main effects or modify the problem situations. Third, some students lacked the ability to read graphs. Fourth, some students did not know the SI unit prefix or made small computational mistakes.
Modeling Capacity-Limited Decision Making Using a Variational Autoencoder

Author(s): Malloy, Tyler J; Klinger, Tim; Liu, Miao; Tesauro, Gerald; Riemer, Matthew; Sims, Chris R | Abstract: Due to information processing constraints and cognitive limitations, humans must form limited representations of complex decision making tasks. However, the mechanisms by which humans generate representations of task-relevant stimulus remain unclear. We develop a model that seeks to account for the formation of these representations using a β-variational autoencoder (β-VAE) trained with a novel utility based learning objective. The proposed model forms latent representations of decision making tasks that are constrained in their information complexity. We show through simulation that this approach can account for important phenomena in human economic decision making tasks. This model provides a method of forming task-relevant representations that can be used to make decisions in a human-like manner.
Preface: Earth Observations for Environmental Sustainability for the Next Decade

Evidence of the rapid degradation of the Earth’s natural environment has grown in recent years [...]
Choose Your Own Hacking Adventure: Contextualized Storytelling to Enhance Security Education and Training

Most cyber-security incidents and data breaches have been caused by human error and negligence. Therefore, there has been a keen interest in developing security education and training programs to mitigate users’ security lapses. This study proposes a contextualized and participatory storytelling approach in which learners alter the course of the story-line by making their own decisions, determine the main character’s actions, and the outcome of the story-line. The proposed “choose your own adventure” style story-line allows learners to determine security threats that they are most susceptible to and provides personalized feedback based on the threat outcomes they encounter. Such interactive and participatory approaches that provide personalized feedback and mnemonics can be an effective tool for educating users about complex cyber-security threats.
Hate Speeches on Twitter and Facebook in South Asia: A Case Study Of Malala Yousufzai

Nowadays social media platforms have become a medium that allows people to post anything they wish. Since the time internet grew, a radical change has been discerned in society. With the emergence of social media sites, many challenges also thrived in the society that took the society into interesting and alarming ways altogether. As time is passing as technology is intensifying new forms of hate, abuse, bullying, and discrimination are also increasing in society. It can be said that digital technology is reshaping coercion based on caste, color, gender, race, culture, likes, dislikes. Many societies are concerned with this problem of growing hate speeches on social media but no proper barrier on these sites has been seen to prevent hate discourses. This study examined the attitudes of social media users including Facebook and Twitter over the incident of Noble Prize laureate Malala Yousufzai, a young activist who worked and spoke for the educational rights of girls who were born in Swat valley. She spoke against this erroneous system that didn’t allow girls to gain education and became a prominent member of society at the little age of 14. She was shot by Taliban and then a controversy started against her, some people admired her and she became a celebrity all over South Asia while an extreme amount of criticism was also seen against her incident. Through this study, we aim to understand the abundance of hate speech on Facebook and Twitter in South Asia by using Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods. For that purpose we took the case study method and provide a large-scale measurement and analysis of different hashtags used during the case of Malala on the social media platform. To achieve the objective of our research, we amassed Tweets and Facebook posts posted since the year 2011 till now related to this case. This article identifies numerous forms of hate speeches on social media that are arising in South Asia and altering the minds of people using social media, it is also guiding how to abate hate speeches that are delivered on social media with particular hashtags on various incidents and matters. The collected data revealed that hate speech has become a social problem with substantial inimical effects in societies. This study explains that social media should be utilized to benefit mankind positively and gently.
Coupling to Reservoirs

This chapter gives an introduction to the coupling of small systems to reservoirs. After setting the stage with a discussion of spontaneous emission in free space, we introduce three major theoretical methods used in the analysis of system–reservoir interactions in the Markovian limit: the master equation, Langevin equations, and Monte Carlo wave function approaches. We conclude with a brief discussion of the input-output formalism.
한국전쟁 시기 거제도 피란민의 교육

After the outbreak of the Korean War, many refugees entered Busan by land or sea route. Busan's population, which was about 470,000 before the Korean War, has nearly doubled since the January 4 recession. The refugees, who came down naked amid urgent wartime conditions, devoted themselves to economic activities and education to survive and to settle in a new life. During the Korean War, Busan is Provisional Capital. It was paralyzed by the influx of people exceeding the limit. The significance of Geoje Island, which restored it and played an auxiliary role, was considered. In particular, we looked at the educational environment of Geoje Island at that time and closely looked at how Geoje Island educated refugees based on oral materials of five refugees. At that time, Geoje Island was a quiet fishing village with a beautiful natural landscape with a population of 100,000 and was a place where the tension of war did not reach. This Geoje Island was responsible for the auxiliary functions of Busan, the capital city, which was already oversaturated with many refugees, and played a role of education and socialization as well as accepting prisoners of war and refugees. Through these oral materials, many refugees who came to Geoje Island by LST from North Korea, often disembarked in Geoje Island and moved back to Busan. They moved to Busan, where the foundation of economic activities was established, and raised funds to support their families through commerce, collaboration, and manufacturing, and it was shown that their children were educated while living in Geoje Island. In addition, the abundant natural environment of Geoje Island provided food for the survival of seafood, wild greens, and firewood, and provided land for the expansion of facilities such as schools and houses. In addition, it was found that the government procured insufficient supplies through sea routes, carried out education and socialization of refugees, childcare of refugee children, and treatment of the injured.
ON THE PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE OF A HIGH SCHOOL TEACHER

The article discusses the basic concepts of the competence of a teacher of a higher educational institution. The essence of the ability of a teacher of a higher educational institution as a subject of the educational system, the key components of relations with students are revealed
Ship Transit Time Estimation (In English)

In this study, a new approach is taken to calculate ship transit time, which is an important factor in regulating maritime traffic flow. In order to predict the transit times of ships passing through a water channel, the collected Automatic Identification System signal was processed and an approach to create a dataset was demonstrated and the transition time estimation was made with the regression-based machine learning method Gradient Boosting algorithm. Resampling procedures were applied on the data set in order to balance the data based on the ship types. Ship transit time estimation mean absolute error for cargo and tanker ships was reduced from 12.84 minutes to 8.19 minutes.