Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
The Familiarity of Internet Slang among EFL Female Learners in Saudi Arabia

The knowledge of Internet slang is essential for English language learners who aim to achieve native-like fluency. This study investigated the familiarity of internet slang among EFL female learners in Saudi Arabia. The study aimed explicitly to examine to what extent EFL female learners are familiar with the Internet slang? Besides, what does the students' knowledge of slang reflect? To achieve these objectives, a total of 71 Saudi female undergraduate English majors at Unaizah College of Sciences and Arts participated in the study. The students were given a test of Internet slang. The data were analyzed through SPSS. The study results demonstrated that the learners' knowledge of Internet slang was moderately limited, and they are not familiar with internet slang. The results also revealed that some acronyms and abbreviations are popular among learners because of the learners' exposure to social media. In light of these results, recommendations are presented.
Machine Learning and Human-Computer Interaction Technologies in Media and Cognition Course

Media and cognition course has been explored for several years. The course is composed by a number of machine learning and human-computer interaction technologies. With the study and research in these projects, students can acquire the basic theoretical knowledge and development capabilities of digital media and brain’s cognition. Two systems designed and completed by students in the media and cognition course are introduced, which indicated that students have the strong interest in advanced technologies and topics in the field of machine learning and human-computer interaction and they could implement some advanced algorithms and demonstrations independently.
DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON FIRM INNOVATION VIA KNOWLEDGE APPLICATION

This study examines the relationship between knowledge management practices and firm innovation with the mediating effect of knowledge application.For the said purposes, data were collected from 140 firms that belong to the services sector.600 questionnaires were distributed in the services sector by using the drop-off and pick up technique.The number of returned questionnaires was 545, but 45 questionnaires were rejected because they did not contain the required information.A simple random sampling technique is used for the data collection.The sampling technique followed the steps recommended for studies utilizing structural equational modeling (SEM).The data was entered into SPSS and AMOS for structural equation modeling.The empirical analysis shows that knowledge generation and knowledge diffusion have a significant positive effect on firm innovation while knowledge storage does not affect firm innovation.Moreover, knowledge application mediates the relationship between knowledge generation, knowledge storage, and firm innovation.While knowledge application does not play the mediation role between knowledge diffusion and innovation performance.Also, this study furnishes several future directions for academic scholars and participation.The limitations have also been discussed.
THE ESSENCE AND SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF PRE-SCHOOL TEACHERS METHODOLOGIKAL COMPETENCE IN THE PROFESSIONAL PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE STRUCTURE

The following approaches to the definition of a professional competence phenomenon have been analyzed: function activity related, axiological, universal, personal activity related; the structure of key competences in education has been disclosed; the main components of professional competence of pedagogues and form of methodological work have been determined, aimed at development of competence of educators of pre-school educational institutions.In modern researches, terms «methodological competency» and «methodological competence» are often used as synonymous.The structure of the competence of the specialist involves experience (knowledge, skills), orientation (needs, values, motives, ideals), quality (ability to synergetic manifestations, adaptation, scaling and interpretation, self-development, integration, transfer of knowledge from one branch to another).Content of professional competence of a pedagogue of one or another major is determined by qualification characteristics.It constitutes a normative model of a pedagogue's competence, reflecting theoretically substantiated professional knowledge, abilities, skills.A qualification characteristics is in fact a compilation of generic requirements to a pedagogue at the level of his/her theoretical and practical experience.By conditional separation of professional competence from other personal transformations we mean that acquisition of knowledge is not a goal in itself but a very important condition for production of «knowledge in action», i.e. abilities and skills as a main criterion of a professional readiness.Understanding the essence of pedagogical abilities allows to understand their internal structure, i.e. an interdependent connection between actions (components of abilities) as relatively individual personal abilities.The structure of methodical competence as the result of the training of future educators of pre-school institutions is due to its components being the key, basic, special and partly professional competencies, each of which has a cognitive, activity and personal aspect.
First-Person Perspective Physics Learning Platform Based on Virtual Reality

This study is aimed at investigating the effects of instructional materials developed with virtual reality (VR) technology on middle school students’ learning achievements and motivation towards the course of physics in China. In this study, the authors designed a VR-based first-person perspective physics learning platform for students to learn the “velocity-time graph of uniform variable rectilinear motion”. A between-subjects design was used and a total of 23 eighth graders took part in this experiment. The students were assigned to two groups on the basis of their background knowledge. The experimental group adopted VR-based learning platform for the learning activities, while the control group watched a video containing the same learning contents. The results show that students from the VR-based experimental group reported higher learning achievements compared with those from the control group. The results also show that students’ levels of motivation in the experimental group were higher than those from control group. The findings of this study imply that VR technology can be utilized as an effective instructional tool for fostering students’ learning of the basic physics concepts and laws in middle school.
Usability Heuristic Evaluation for the Hearing Impaired Language Training Mobile App

Usability heuristics are an effective method widely used in usability research. Sometimes it’s necessary to build unique usability heuristics to address usability in specific domains. This paper develops a heuristic evaluation for the hearing impaired language training mobile application by collecting and analyzing previous studies. A comprehensive set of 19 heuristics and detailed explanations are presented in this study for the hearing impaired language training app. The new heuristics for the hearing impaired language training app were validated through surveys and case studies with the help of users and usability experts. Based on our findings, those results can be used as the reference to design or evaluate language training apps for the hearing impaired.
GREEDY SHORTEST SUPERSTRING WITH DELAYED RANDOM CHOICE

The shortest superstring problem for a given set of strings S is to find a string of minimum length such that each string in S is a substring of the resulting string.This problem is known to be NP-complete.A simple and popular approximation algorithm for this problem is the Greedy Algorithm, which at each step merges a pair of strings that have maximum overlap.If more than one pair have maximum overlap, it takes a pair in random.In this paper, we modify the Greedy Algorithm such that instead of taking a pair in random, it takes the pair for which the overlap in the next step is maximum.This modification brings our algorithm closer to the optimal.We analyze our algorithm and compare it with the Greedy Algorithm for different types of input.For some previously well-studied input strings, our algorithm performs better or same as the Greedy Algorithm.We also implement both the Greedy Algorithm and our algorithm.The experimental results show that our algorithm can outperform the Greedy Algorithm substantially (by an amount as much as 23%) in many cases, and as a whole our algorithm is same or better than the Greedy Algorithm.
SMEs’ Confidentiality Concerns for Security Information Sharing

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) are considered an essential part of the EU economy; however, highly vulnerable to cyber-attacks. SMEs have specific characteristics which separate them from large companies and influence their adoption of good cybersecurity practices. To mitigate the SMEs’ cybersecurity adoption issues and raise their awareness of cyber threats, we have designed a self-paced security assessment and capability improvement method, CYSEC. CYSEC is a security awareness and training method that utilises self-reporting questionnaires to collect companies’ information about cybersecurity awareness, practices, and vulnerabilities to generate automated recommendations for counselling. However, confidentiality concerns about cybersecurity information have an impact on companies’ willingness to share their information. Security information sharing decreases the risk of incidents and increases users’ self-efficacy in security awareness programs. This paper presents the results of semi-structured interviews with seven chief information security officers (CISOs) of SMEs to evaluate the impact of online consent communication on motivation for information sharing. The results were analysed in respect of the Self-Determination Theory (SDT). The findings demonstrate that online consent with multiple options for indicating a suitable level of agreement improved motivation for information sharing. This allows many SMEs to participate in security information sharing activities and supports security experts to have a better overview of common vulnerabilities.
Cross-Industry Sectoral Study:Interactions and Challenges of Requirements Engineering in the Early Phase of Product Development

Product development is undergoing a profound change: Digitization, Industry 4.0 or the interconnected end-to-end product are trends that offer great innovation potential across industries, but strongly influence the development of new product generations in the product portfolio.In addition, many industry sectorssuch as automotive product developmenthave in recent years greatly optimized common parts and platform strategies in order to achieve synergetic cost reductions.This raises the question of how conflicting requirements of customers and providers can be taken into account simultaneously in the early phase to guarantee an optimum combination between cost input and innovation potential.The aim of the cross-industry sectoral study in this paper was to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges of requirements engineering and the individual use of existing knowledge in early development phases.For this purpose, a workshop (consisting of five individual sessions with 8-16 participants each) was conducted by two independent moderators within the framework of an expert forum, the re:work Smart Requirements Engineering 2019.Building on the discussion of the workshop results, essential findings were consolidated with the participants at the end of each session and fields of action were synthesized.The survey clearly illustrated that regardless of company size or professional experience, the use of the reference system was considered a genuine success factor, which was unanimously not identified as "creativity hindering".Short iteration cycles, even in large companies, are necessary to validate the consideration and integration of customer, user and provider benefits.Furthermore, the creation of a uniform language, comprehensible structures and models is necessary.The respondents pointed out that functions are suitable as a link between properties and technical realization for evaluating the maturity level of a product specification.In addition, a consistent understanding of how to utilize the reference system can enable a structured product specification in the early phase of product development of new product generations.
A Survey on Temporal Reasoning for Temporal Information Extraction from Text (Extended Abstract)

Time is deeply woven into how people perceive, and communicate about the world. Almost unconsciously, we provide our language utterances with temporal cues, like verb tenses, and we can hardly produce sentences without such cues. Extracting temporal cues from text, and constructing a global temporal view about the order of described events is a major challenge of automatic natural language understanding. Temporal reasoning, the process of combining different temporal cues into a coherent temporal view, plays a central role in temporal information extraction. This article presents a comprehensive survey of the research from the past decades on temporal reasoning for automatic temporal information extraction from text, providing a case study on the integration of symbolic reasoning with machine learning-based information extraction systems.
“How Difficult English Is!” (An Attitude in Learning English for Non-English Students)

English is one of the foreign languages taught from elementary to university. However, English is to be unswallowed bitter pill for non-English students. This is caused by the growing concepts of negative attitude about English, “English is frightening, English is hard to study, etc.” Attitude plays a vital role in learning any disciplines of knowledge includes English. Developing competencies and skills of English will not be achieved without noticing the supporting factors. In line with, this article discusses the concept of attitude, language attitude, students’ attitudes toward English, and the factors that influence students’ attitudes toward English as a foreign language.
S-Box Implementation for Security Algorithms in IOT

Internet of Things (IoT) is dominant technology for real time applications because it is integrated with various sensors, software and hardware.Security is the primary concern for IoT because of many ways of threats from different components.Typical encryption algorithms have less complexity and easy to decrypt thereby requiring high complexity security algorithm.The improved security algorithm must be less in size and power hence compatible to IoT based applications.This paper is used an Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) to generate Substitution box (S-box) hence proposing 128-bit block cipher based on feistel network.
THE ROLE OF BANKING FINANCE AND MONETARY POLICY IN ENHANCING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN SUDAN (1999-2018)

Through a regression model, the study highlighted the role of the banking finance and monetary policy in enhancing human development index (HDI) in Sudan during the period (1999-2018). The descriptive analytical approach was used to achieve the objectives of the study. Secondary data were collected from; annual reports of the Central Bank of Sudan, World Bank and UNDP database. Inflation rates were used to indicates the efficiency of monetary policy. To ensure stationary of the variables used to estimate the model, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and unit root tests were calculated. Results of ADF test show that, the set of variables are stationary at 1st difference. Ordinary least squares method was used to determine and conclude the direction of relations between the HDI and variables. The results found that there is a positive relationship between HDI and changes in provision of banking finance and inflation during the period of the study. Moreover, it's found that, monetary policy in term if inflation indirectly contributed to enhances HDI through money supply increase. The study recommends the commercial banks in Sudan to expand granting finance to the various economics activities especially the production sector. Furthermore, monetary authority should adopt contractionary monetary policy to reduce inflation and improve the standard of living.Keywords: Banking Finance, Monetary policy, Inflation, Human Development IndexJEL Classifications: E3, G21, I31, O5DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.9902
Recommendation Filtering à la carte for Intelligent Tutoring Systems

In computerized adaptive testing, the activities have to be well adjusted to the latent knowledge of the students. Collaborative and content-based filters are usually considered as two solutions of data-centric approach using the evaluation data to uncover the student abilities. Nevertheless, past lecturer recommendations can induced possible bias by using a single and immutable training set. We try to reduce this issue by releasing a hybrid recommendation filtering. Our approach is supported by the Item Response Theory and techniques of clustering to output purely objective recommendation filters selecting activities and building an evaluation path based on historical evolutions of past students. In this paper, we particularly highlight the crucial clustering task by offering plots and metrics to adjust the decisions of the practitioners.
DOCPRO: A Framework for Building Document Processing Systems

With the recent advance of the deep neural network, we observe new applications of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV) technologies.Especaully, when applying them to document processing, NLP and CV tasks are usually treated individually in research work and open source libraries.However, designing a real-world document processing system needs to weave NLP and CV tasks and their generated information together.There is a need to have a unified approach for processing documents containing textual and graphical elements with rich formats, diverse layout arrangement, and distinct semantics.This paper introduces a framework to fulfil this need.The framework includes a representation model definition for holding the generated information and specifications defining the coordination between the NLP and CV tasks.
Cross-Platform Course Assessment Mobile Application for the University of Mindanao using Text Analytics API and Weighted Incremental Algorithm

The course assessment mobile application is an app that aims to transform the University of Mindanao's traditional surveying or assessment of courses by the students.The innovative and technological way of conducting course assessments in every term eases the entire process take with less time, effort, and cost for materials.Incorporated with a real-time database, assessment results are sent directly to the database, and reports are obtained within seconds.The mobile application is intended for the students of the university who are currently enrolled.Upon logging in using the student's ID number and surname, the student shall select the course to be assessed and, then, proceed with the survey.The assessment results are then analyzed to produce quantitative and qualitative reports through the web application.This web app uses the weighted incremental algorithm to compute the mean scores, and a text analytics API is used for the analysis of the comments and shall be administered by the Student Assessment Office.The study is mainly about the technologies apropos the development of a mobile application, and more specifically, on producing quantitative and qualitative reports on UM Course Assessment that will serve as the basis for further action on the courses offered by the university.
Using Azure to construct recent architecture for visualize training in real-time

Background/Objectives: In recent years, visualization systems were not only entertainment but also essential in training in our various fields.They do not depend on fixed devices only.They use visual systems, such as the headmounted display that Microsoft developed as the Mixed Reality (MR) HoloLens.Its features are equipped with engines that allow the user to interact with the headset via oral orders to communicate remotely with specialists in the surgical field in real-life situations.The main objective of the study is to use the 3D anatomical information models, the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) file and all the patient's data, its registration on Azure cloud computing system, to obtain the necessary training and support in case of encountering any emergency before and during the surgical planning.Method: This study presents the application as divided into two stages of anatomical simulation: training for local and international trainees through MR.The first stage classified (DICOM) files to the 3D model using the machine learning and HoloLens emulator of anatomy operational structure.The second stage involves Microsoft Azure and stores on cloud network by Data Lake, Azure Cosmo DB, and utilization of the Azure Spatial Anchors service to access the trainee to locate it at any time through the ID that is displayed by the IoT Sensor.Finding: This study examines Mixed Reality technology, HoloLens, and Head Mount Display to show the expected potential results to improve the surgeon's actions in surgery.This examination finished by 3D displaying anatomical models because they allow the surgeon to access the best solutions in real-life situations during the process to assess the three-dimensional holograms related to patient imaging or surgical techniques.
Mathematical and Software for Sentimental Analysis of Text Data

Currently, one of the priorities of any company is to improve the quality of products based on the study of user requests on the Internet: social networks, blogs, Internet service sites.This is primarily due to the development of technologies, the wide spread of Internet Commerce, and the ability of Internet users to exchange opinions about the products and services of companies.Users publish their thoughts in open access on online resources, allowing companies and potential buyers of products to take into account information from consumers.Dissatisfaction with products can cause negative advertising for the company.In recent decades, the consumer goods market has seen a sharp increase in the number of technically complex products.This is primarily due to the development of technological innovations, which leads to a constant increase in specific types of computer products and the concept of connecting different functionality in a single device.In this regard, customers have complaints about the usability of the product, along with improper technical quality.Many buyers return products to companies even if the product is working properly according to state standards and technical reports of companies, which negatively affects the trust of customers and the company's image.
Wheelchair and robotic arm controls using gyro sensor

Someone who could only move his/her head and could not move his/her limbs needs a wheelchair and robotic arms which could be controlled by the head. Gyro sensor is a sensor that could be controlled according to the tilt in the x,y coordinates which then implemented to measure the tilt of the user’s head. This paper would explain the head detector application to control wheelchairs and robotic arms. They could be controlled using Arduino microcontroller which uses C programming language. Gyro sensor that is put on the head could control wheelchair to move left, right, forward and backward according to the tilt of the head. It is the same with controlling robotic arms. It could rotate left, right, and move up and down. The x and y coordinates are used to determine the tilt of the head for controlling the wheelchair as well as robotic arms’ movements. It is discovered that wheelchairs and robotic arms could be controlled by the head by the use of gyro sensor.