Pengaruh Penggantian Kation-A/Sr oleh Ba pada Morfologi Partikel BaxSr(1-x)TiO3 (x = 0; 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8) Hasil Sintesis dengan Metode Lelehan Garam

&lt;div&gt;&lt;span id="docs-internal-guid-460a2724-7fff-20a8-5ee3-cab002df95e2" style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;SrTiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; adalah material berstruktur perovskit yang dilaporkan berpotensi sebagai material fotokatalis. Penggantian pada sebagian kation-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; material fotokatalis berstruktur perovskit dilaporkan dapat menurunkan energi celah pitanya, akan tetapi unsur pengganti juga dilaporkan mempengaruhi morfologi partikel yang terbentuk. Dalam penelitian ini, dikaji pengaruh penggantian kation-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; pada SrTiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;(Ba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;Sr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;(1-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;TiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;x &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;= 0; 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8)) terhadap morfologi partikelnya. Senyawa uji disintesis dengan metode lelehan garam dan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan garam NaCl. Difraktogram sampel menunjukkan bahwa senyawa uji berhasil disintesis kecuali pada &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; = 0,8 masih ditemukan senyawa pengotor yang berupa TiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; dan BaCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;. Gambar SEM menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan kation Ba mengubah morfologi partikel dari &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;nearly cubic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; menjadi bentuk polihedra dan menyebabkan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;ukuran partikel menjadi lebih besar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p id="docs-internal-guid-0488c78a-7fff-568a-5430-127fc7bc6541" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-left: 0.35pt; margin-right: -0.1pt; text-align: justify; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;" dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="line-height: 1.2; margin-left: 0.35pt; margin-right: -0.1pt; text-align: justify; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt;" dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;The Effect of Cation-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;/Sr Replacement by Ba on Particle Morphology of Ba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;Sr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;(1-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;TiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; (x = 0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8) Synthesized by Molten Salt Method. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;SrTiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; is a perovskite structure material that is reported as a potential photocatalyst material. Replacement of a part of the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;-cation on a perovskite structure was reported can reduce its bandgap energy. However, the replacement element was also reported to affect the particle morphology. In this study, the effect of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;A-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;cation replacement on SrTiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; (Ba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;Sr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;(1-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;TiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;x &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;= 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) to its particle morphology was studied. The sample of Ba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;Sr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;(1-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;TiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;x &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;= 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) were synthesized by molten salt synthesis method (using NaCl salt). The diffractogram showed that the target compound was successfully synthesized but at &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;x &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;= 0.8 still found impurities TiO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt; and BaCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: sub;"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"&gt;. SEM images showed that Ba-cation presence changes the particle morphology from nearly cubic to polyhedral shape and the particle size also becomes larger. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;