Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
An International Perspective on Corporate Social Responsibility and its Role in Community Development

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to strategies corporations or firms conduct their business in a way that is ethical, society friendly and beneficial to community in terms of development. This article analyses the meaning of CSR based on some theories available in literature. It is argued that three theories namely utilitarian, managerial and relational theories of CSR supported by works of other scholars in the area could be used to suggest that CSR becomes an international concern due to globalized nature of business that knows no border. CSR is evolving in its meaning and practice. The article then discusses the role of CSR in community development because the very logic of CSR is towards seeing its impact in community socially, environmentally and economically. Competencies required by CSR managers are also analysed in order to have a better understanding of the practical aspects of CSR. Finally, conclusions and implications for future research are discussed.
Smallest of Maximum to find α-predicate for DeterminingCattle Health Conditions

Beef cattle is one of the livestock that can produce various human needs.All parts of a cattle, ranging from meat, skin, bones to cattle dung, can be utilized so that beef cattle are rate to have high economic value and become one of the common livestock to be cultivated.In beef cattle breeding, there are obstacles in maintaining and achieving the desired production results, one of which is cattle's death due to disease infection.Lose one or a group of cattle unpredictably, effecting a loss of investment and losses for the breeder.Biosecurity is required to reduce the risk of death from disease and maintain beef cattle's health and quality.However, the lack of awareness and concern of breeders in the biosecurity implementation has resulted in the high mortality rate for beef cattle in Indonesia.This study tries to apply the fuzzy algorithm into an animal inspection expert system at the Cimanggu Animal Clinic.The expert system can support collaboration between veterinarians and breeders in the implementation of biosecurity.The Smallest of the Maximum method provides to get the αpredicate from the ranking of possible diagnoses of cattle diseases.Then α-predicate is reprocessed by defuzzification of the Tsukamoto model and produces handling suggestions and information on the cattle's condition.
Opinion Summarization

Opinion summarization is a prime and an important step in ‘opinion mining.’ Summarization helps in reducing the text in the shortest way possible such that important information can be gained from the text, without any loss of information and significant properties in the text remain preserved. With the huge amount of reviews posted online, a summary is thus required, to influence a person in making correct decision considering all its important aspects. The task of automatic summarization has increased interest among its communities of NLP and text mining. In this chapter, both abstractive summarization and extractive summarization are accomplished using two different techniques, graph-based method and PCA method, respectively.
Evaluating security measures of a layered system

Most distributed systems that we use in our daily lives have layered architecture since such architectures allow separation of processing between multiple processes in different layers thereby reducing the complexity of the system. Unauthorized control over such systems can have potentially serious consequences ranging from huge monetary loss to even loss of human life. Hence considerable research attention is being given towards building tools and techniques for quantitative modeling and evaluation of security properties. This thesis proposes a high-level stochastic model to estimate security of a layered system. It discusses evaluation of availability and integrity as two major security properties of a three-layered architecture consisting of Client, Web-server and Database. Using Mobius software, this study models the change in vulnerability of a layer owing to an intrusion in another layer. Furthermore, it analyzes the impact on the security of the upper layers due to an intruded lower layer. While maintaining a system availability of 97.73%, this study indicates that increasing the system host attack rate in the Database layer from 10 to 20 will reduce system availability to 97.55%. Similar modification made to a Web-server layer will contribute to 97.04% availability. This set of results imply that increasing attack rate in Web Server layer has a more severe impact on system availability, while the same modification in Database layer will less severely influence system availability. Similar results have been gathered when measuring integrity of the system under identical set of modification. At system integrity of 96.88%, increasing host attack rate in Database layer has resulted in achieving integrity of 96.68%, similar experiment for Web server layer resulted in system integrity of 96.57%.
Machine Reading Comprehension: Methods and Trends of Low Resource Languages

Natural language processing (NLP) has been used to establish human-like communication with computers.Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) has made a significant development; it has been crucial for machines to comprehend substantial language facets, like semantics, syntax, pragmatics, and phonology.Multiple studies have reported MRC models in high-resource languages.However, these models are unable to provide significant performance in MRC models in low resource languages.This is due to the unavailability of large-scale training datasets in low resource languages.Several studies on Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) have proposed MRC models based on English.Nonetheless, these models provide insignificant performance on low-resource languages.However, limited research has been done using low resource languages, particularly Arabic, Urdu, and Hindi.This study presents a survey on trends and methods of Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) in these low-resource languages.The survey demonstrates that available MRC models are ineffective in low resource languages, such as Hindi, Arabic, and Urdu, mainly due to large datasets and language structure unavailability.Finally, the study describes open issues in available MRC systems and provides direction for future research.
An Automatic Image Registration Methods for Multi-Domain Images by using Geometric Relationships

In the internet technology world, all the information is considered as an image format only. Because one image is equal to a thousand words. Automatically increasing the image database size, high resolution and including multi-domain concepts. The human perception of getting the required image is very poor during the image retrieval process. In this case, the image retrieval system is consists of many problems like more time consuming, irrelevant results of the user. Registration is necessary to be able to compare or integrate the data obtained from different measurements of the query image. Image registration is that the method of reworking totally different sets of knowledge into one organization and orienting 2 or additional pictures of constant scene. This method involves designating one image because the reference image, conjointly known as the mounted image, and applying geometric transformations or native displacements to the opposite pictures so they align with the reference. To solve the above problems by using an automatic image registration methods. In this paper, we are mainly focusing the automatic image registration methods for multi-domain images for better human understating of required results. Finally, evaluate the performance of image registration methods with length, counts of matched points and uniformly distributed points of multi-domain images for better understanding.
Ferrous Sulfate Suppressed Dollar Spot on Creeping Bentgrass

CSA NewsVolume 66, Issue 6 p. 21-21 SOCIETY SCIENCE Ferrous Sulfate Suppressed Dollar Spot on Creeping Bentgrass First published: 22 April 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/csan.20455Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume66, Issue6June 2021Pages 21-21 RelatedInformation
A New Coding Technique and Analysis of Trees

A message is encoded using one-time pad Cipher and Huffman coding with certain algorithm. Encoding process is done using a symmetric key known to sender and receiver. Then we get the encoded message as Ciphertext with a binary tree. Using the binary tree we form a prefix code of Huffman coding and we define a new labeling function of edge and vertex labeling. In this paper, we discuss the two methods of encoding algorithm and investigate Tree, Rooted trees, properties, theorem and Median of Huffman binary tree.
A Method for Adapting Granularity of Mathematical Proofs using Metamath

Understanding mathematical proofs is often not an easy task, especially in the first introductions. One of the determining factors in understanding a mathematical proof is the level of detail at which it is presented. In order to help resolve this issue, this article proposes a method for adapting the granularity in which a mathematical proof is presented. It makes use of structured theorems in metamath language as a basis, which allows access to the details of each step used in the proof. To describe the method, an example is presented with a simple theorem involving numerical sets.
Dual Archive Record System (DARS) for Increasing Evidence from School Accountability

The objective of the study was to develop a Dual Archive Record System (DARS) for increasing evidence from school accountability. Now, archive management in private schools at Indonesia was not effective because the archive process only uses a manual system or technology system. The impact of using this system is not accurate for supporting physical and legal evidence. Therefore, Dual Archive Record System (DARS) was developed to overcome these problems. The research approach uses research and development (R&amp;D). The subject of this study is all of the private high school in Indonesia. The data were collected through observation, interview, documentation, and questionnaire. Then; the data were analyzed quantitatively; it was using a t-test on the paired data to know the difference of the actual and the new model. Besides that, analysis of data also uses qualitative approach through the data triangulation. The results showed that dual archive record system (DARS) can increase evidence of school accountability. Therefore; it was suggested for school to implement DAR for increasing evidence from school accountability because DARS has a significant contribution to evidence from school accountability.
Bayesian uncertainty analyses of Great Barrier Reef catchment water quality model parameters without likelihood assumptions

Catchment water quality modelling is used as part of the Paddock to Reef program to assess the impact of land management changes across the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) catchments against water quality targets.It is necessary to have confidence in model performance in order to use them effectively for management and decision-making.Thus calibration, uncertainty and sensitivity analyses of model parameters are critical to optimise their predictive capability and thereby help facilitate better targeting of improved management practices.Average annual loads estimated at end-of-systems (EOS) sites are likely to represent cumulative effects of various water quality processes.As a result, the calibration and uncertainty analyses of model parameters becomes a challenge.Employed together, adaptive Sequential Monte Carlo sampled Approximate Bayesian Computation (SMC-ABC) and machine learning trained surrogate models offer an efficient framework for the calibration and uncertainty analyses of water quality model parameters.The appealing feature of Approximate Bayesian Computation when compared to formal Bayesian analysis is that it overcomes the requirement for an explicit likelihood function.As a compromise, an empirical approach is employed to stochastically sample from the unknown likelihood.This process can be computationally expensive when samples require the evaluation of a numerical models such as a catchment water quality model.To overcome this burden, machine learning techniques can be used to synthesise and train an efficient surrogate model to substitute for the functionality of the primitive model in the ABC algorithm.This paper demonstrates the application of this combination of technologies for the calibration and uncertainty analyses of parameters that represent the transport of fine-sediment and particulate nutrients in two GBR basins namely the Pioneer River and Sandy Creek basins.The comparison between fine-sediment streambank erosion estimated by the selected model along the O'Connell River between 2010 and 2014 against that estimated by the O'Connell River stability assessment (ORSA) was encouraging.Estimate by the selected calibrated model was only 1.6% greater than the ORSA estimate.Average annual fine-sediment and particulate nutrient loads estimated by the calibrated model at the Pioneer River EOS site were within +/-9% of that estimated by the GBR catchment loads monitoring program (GBRCLMP).Average annual fine-sediment and particulate nutrient loads estimated by the calibrated model at Sandy Creek EOS site are within +/-3% of that estimated by GBRCLMP.Analysis of model parameter uncertainty reveals that all GBRCLMP estimated average annual constituent loads lie within the 95% credibility intervals of the modelled data.This work demonstrates that employed together, SMC-ABC and machine learning trained surrogate models offer an efficient and powerful framework for the calibration and uncertainty analyses of GBR water catchment quality model parameters.
Corporate governance and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

For decades, the issue of corporate governance and its role in economic growth has attracted global attention from both policy-makers and researchers due to corporate scandals. This study took a deductive approach. Panel data from 13 selected Sub-Saharan African countries from 1996 to 2017 was used to help analyse the relationship through an econometric model in which gross domestic product per capita was the dependent variable while the six dimensions of governance were used as proxies for corporate governance. Foreign direct investment and trade were used as control variables. Accordingly, the results of the regression model show a significant good fit for the data with control of corruption, government effectiveness, regulatory quality and voice and accountability being positive and significant except government effectiveness and regulatory quality that were insignificant. Political stability and rule of law were negative. This article is, however, of great value to researchers, policy-makers, community and investors.
Data Mining

Every web and/or retail shop wants to know which products customers tend to buy together. Trying to predict a target discrete or continuous variable with few input variables is important in practically every type of business. This chapter introduces some of the most popular algorithms implemented in T-SQL. You learn about the following.
Exploring the Critical Success Factors for Effective Implementation of the ISO 9001 Quality Management System

Background: Interest in quality began to emerge during the 1940s, where companies from various sectors started to incorporate quality systems while establishing specific criteria for their suppliers' compliance.This sporadic approach led to the creation of barriers to trade resulting from inconsistent characteristics and quality standards, and thus the introduction of common standards was required to satisfy the client's requirements, as realized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).Quality management under ISO 9001 is globally accepted and has moved into other sectors, including the construction industry.Nevertheless, research has revealed that project managers tend to consider the primary benefit of quality management systems (QMSs) as marketing and procurement tools, with challenges identified regarding the implementation.Objective: This study seeks to explore the critical success factors (CSFs) for the successful implementation of the ISO 9001 QMS in UK construction projects.Methods: A review of the literature on QMSs, ISO 9001 and the UK construction industry were conducted.Then, semistructured interviews were carried out with six project managers from UK construction companies to explore their perceptions on ISO 9001 implementation through content analysis.Results: The findings of this research confirm a set of seven CSFs (i.e.client focus, engagement of people, leadership, the process approach, relationship management, continuous improvement, and change management) as being vital to the successful implementation of the ISO 9001 QMS in UK construction projects.Conclusion: This study identifies seven CSFs for the successful implementation of the ISO 9001 QMS in the UK context, six of which are established quality management principles (QMPs), while the seventh, change management, represents a CSF that has potential for inclusion in future revisions of the QMS as a QMP, thus contributing to the quality management literature in general, and specifically from a UK perspective.
Training Of It-Specialists In Russian And European Higher Education: A Comparative Study

Modern society is characterized by a new stage of its social and economic development, namely “digital economy”, and this paper studies the current issues in the development of modern IT specialists training in the context of the global digitalization of economy. Since Russian universities apply new Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education (FSES 3++) that has a framework nature and is based on the occupational standards, it becomes reasonable to implement foreign experience into Russian training of IT specialists with due regard to Computing Curricula 2005 (СС2005) (2005) and the particular nature of a given university. The paper shows the results of a comparative study of bachelor’s degree programs in IT of Russian and EU regional universities: Nizhnevartovsk State University (Russia) and Liepaja University (Latvia). The analysis carried out by experts from academia and the professional community (regional IT employers) reveals how disciplines from the degree programs’ curricula of these universities correlate with the main levels of CC2005 models: organizational issues and information systems, application technologies, software methods and technologies, systems infrastructure, and computer hardware and architecture. To illustrate how the degree programs correspond to the characteristic features of CC2005 models, their graphical views were created. The study proves the proposed research hypothesis that both universities use Software Engineering model (CC2005) in their IT training. Moreover, the results of the study provide some guidelines for degree programs in IT and their improvement.
TicTacToe Game

In this chapter we will explore the creation of a simple TicTacToe (or Noughts and Crosses) game using an Object Oriented approach.
(Fr)Agile, Handle with Care! A Systematic Literature Review of the Nature and Limits of Agile Methods

Purpose: Agile methods are changing the traditional way of work, characterized by division of labor and authority, and challenging the tried-and-tested coordination and organization instrument of hierarchy.From a business research perspective, however, up to now there is no uniform description of their nature, conditions and limits of these methods.The present study addresses this lack of scientific substantiation by consolidating the current state of research on agile methods and critically assessing their contribution to an efficient and effective task fulfillment in firms.Design/Methodology/Approach: A systematic literature review is conducted on the base of 30 studies published between 1975 and 2019 in scientific journals to identify and to describe coordination-relevant key dimensions of agile methods.Finally, the contribution of agile methods to task fulfillment regarding the criteria 'speed (efficiency)' and 'quality (effectiveness)' is discussed. Findings:Five key dimensions of agile methods are identified based on the 30 studies.Only few of the contributions of the literature review are based on theories or empirically test the effectiveness/efficiency of agile methods; most are conceptual in nature.Given this, it is worth emphasizing that the critical evaluation of agile methods reveals certain conditions and limits of the (firm-wide) application of agile methods. Originality/Value:This study provides a systematic description of agile methods and helps to clarify the nature and subject matter of agile methods.In contrast to the majority of publications in this research field, the present review does not only highlight the positive effects of agile methods, rather it also emphasizes the conditions and limits of agile methods, thereby enabling academics as well as practitioners to better assess the applicability and effects of agile methods.
Admitting Mistakes

This week, Joe Biden will raise his right hand to take the oath of office and become the 46th president of the United States. Two years ago, almost to the day, his hands gripped a podium while he made a confession. His earlier imposition of harsh penalties for crack cocaine possession, he lamented, “was a big mistake.” Some might have predicted this admission to be career-killing seppuku. Plenty of public officials, tagged as flip-floppers, have been condemned for a single offense. But as a presidential candidate, Biden instead made a habit of acknowledging the errors of his ways. How did he spin mistake-tainted straw into political gold?
Power Apps

In the last chapter, we reviewed SharePoint forms and how to validate and format columns. You learned a few custom solutions for using column formatting and viewed formatting with the help of JSON. In this chapter, we will look at one of the most modern solutions for customizing your list or library forms: Power Apps. You don’t have to do any extensive coding when using this software.
Music with the Real

This is a presentation of the project “Music with the Real”, undertaken from 2014–2017 within the Norwegian Artistic Research Programme, at the Norwegian Academy of Music. The artists in the project were percussionist Håkon Stene, the composers Carola Backholt, Matthew Shlomowitz, Henrik Hellstenius, Johannes Kreidler and Clemens Gadenstätter, and the ensemble Asamisimasa. In this exposition you find all the works that was composed in the project together with articles about the project and videos from concerts and seminars.