Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Malicious Social Bots Detection in the Twitter Network Using Learning Automata with URL Features

By pretending to be a follower or making a huge number of false registrations through malicious activities, malicious social bots automate their social interactions and send out bogus tweets. The most well-known form of malware in online entertainment environments is social bots. They will disseminate rumors, convey false information, and even influence public opinion. Social bots are utilized to deliver better customer service by automating logical procedures. Additionally, spiteful social bots utilize malicious shortened URLs in tweets to send users' requests for peer-to-peer online communication to malicious servers. As a result, Twitter company’s main goal is probably to distinguish damaging social bots from actual users. Compared to dangerous social bots that use social graph-based highlights, URL-based social bots (such as URL redirection, shared URL recursion, and URLs with spam content) require less investment (depending on the social associations of the clients). Vengeful social bots are also inappropriate for quickly inspecting URL redirect strings. By merging a trust calculation model with URL-based milestones, we suggest a learning automata-based Social Bot Recognition (LA-MSBD) calculation to identify trustworthy members (customers) in the Twitter organization. The employment of vindictive social bots to propagate false information has had negative real-world effects. One of the most challenging aspects of spotting bots in web-based entertainment is comprehending what social bots are capable of and looking at the quantitative highlights of their behavior. This concept made a distinction between typical clients and social bots. The strategy for spotting Twitter bots using AI computations is suggested in this article. There is a detailed analysis of the K-NN algorithm, SVM algorithm, Naive Bayes algorithm, Random Forest algorithm, decision tree algorithm, and custom computing algorithm. The most effective learning model will be applied to the test data.
The Use of Information Technologies in Teaching Solving Problems Related to The Main Class Compounds of Inorganic Substances at School

In this article, the use of information technology in teaching chemistry in schools to solve problems related to the main class compounds of inorganic substances: "Chemistry: for schoolchildren (use of interactive method in teaching solving problems related to the main class compounds of inorganic substances using the proportion method) the results of using self-education" electronic publication (EP) are highlighted. In the study "Chemistry: for schoolchildren (using an interactive method in teaching solving problems related to the main classes of compounds of inorganic substances using the method of proportions) self-education" electronic publication (EP), chemistry in the context of the use of information technologies teachers' activity, analysis of normative documents, observation, analysis of personal experience, interviewing, questioning, analysis of received data were used in teaching problem solving. As a result of the research, the use of the electronic publication(EP)"Chemistry: for schoolchildren (the use of interactive methods in teaching solving problems related to the main class compounds of inorganic substances using the proportion method) self-education" in schools students learn the basic concepts and laws of chemistry, get acquainted with the notation system, understand quantitative relationships between reactants, gain experience and develop practical skills. According to the results of the survey I liked working - 90%. 2. I did not like to work - 3% 3. The idea did not work - 7%. This assumption was later confirmed experimentally. In conclusion, the use of the electronic publication (EP) "Chemistry: for schoolchildren (use of interactive method in teaching solving problems related to the main classes of compounds of inorganic substances using the method of proportions) self-study " facilitates students' assimilation of the studied material, helps to develop and strengthen the skills of solving typical problems, forms chemical thinking in students, creates new opportunities for information transfer.
A Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Breast Cancer Detection in Mammograms

Breast cancer is the most prevalent ailment among women worldwide. The screening for detecting breast cancer is mammograms. The anticipated methodology uses preprocessing, feature extraction and classification. The main objective is early detection of the diseases so that the lifetime can be increased. A popular deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model is used for mammogram classification that classifies into normal or abnormal. Initially, the mammograms are preprocessed using contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE). These images are fed to the DCNN model which contains five convolutional layers that use rectified linear unit (ReLU) as the activation function, and max-pooling is used to select the best features. The fully connected layer uses softmax as the activation function and classifies the selected features, and these are done with several optimizers, namely stochastic gradient descent (SGD), RMSprop, and Adam. The experiments are done on two benchmark datasets, namely the Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) and Digital Database for Screening Mammography (DDSM), and performance is measured with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. The results show that DCNN with SGD optimizer gives better results compared to the traditional methods.
What affects the price of Bitcoin? Evidence from game theory and machine learning

ABSTRACTTo explain the volatility of the Bitcoin price, a total of 23 elements from four domains (Bitcoin-related indicators, financial market, exchange rates and commodities, and social sentiment) were collected. With the application of machine learning and game theory, experimental results demonstrate that S&P 500 is the most significant factor on the Bitcoin price and the safe haven effect of Bitcoin for the stock market failed when the Bitcoin price rose and the COVID-19 spread.KEYWORDS: Bitcoin priceexplainable artificial intelligenceSHapley Additive exPlanationsS&P 500JEL CLASSIFICATION: G10G15 Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 See www.cryprocompare.com (CryptoCompare), www.investing.com (Investing), trends.google.com (Google Trends), www.coindesk.com(Coindesk) and twitter.com(Twitter).Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [71988101, 72171223].
Utilizing Blockchain Technology to Improve Clinical Trials

The development of new drugs by pharmaceutical companies becomes a challenging task as it takes longer timelines, and the clinical trial process involved before the introduction of any new drug is risky and highly unpredictable. The patient data available for the clinical trial process is distributed across several databases, and the data are stored in different formats; hence it becomes difficult to perform clinical trials. Many stakeholders (pharmaceutical companies, research labs, patients, participants, government authorities, and many more) across geography are involved in the clinical trial process. Cooperation among these stakeholders is necessary to conduct a clinical trial. A Clinical trial is a complex and time-consuming procedure that faces a constant challenge of data management, data sharing, and data security, resulting in being an expensive affair. Blockchain technology can be used to augment the entire workflow of clinical trials and overcome the mentioned challenges. It uses consensus protocol for efficient transmission and communication of data between nodes. Patient recruitment for clinical trials can be easily managed through “Smart contracts”. Any computational problem related to patient recruitment for a clinical trial, checking the validity of clinical trials, can be coded with smart contracts. This paper describes the utilization of blockchain to collect and store patient data and analysis results in a distributed yet secured manner, which can be shared in a transparent way and remain immutable as well as allows to tackle the challenges involved in the clinical trial process.
A Complete Review of Block Chain Technology in the Health Sector

The health sector has been a huge market in recent times. It is drawing minute attention regarding pathological tests, drug manufacturing and supply, clinical trials and diagnosis by doctors and finally, recovery of patients quickly. The technologies used in health care for the last decades are redundant. Clinical trials and diagnoses by doctors can be made more accurate, better and faster with a past medical history of the patient in hand. Drug manufacturing and distribution can be made tampered proof and monitored properly by designing a transparent supply management system for medicine and medical goods. Attempts were made in the past to record the medical history of patients in a centralized database server, which lacks security, immutability and consistency of the records. This paper reports a systematic review of the application of revolutionary and disruptive Blockchain technology in healthcare systems to address the above issues. Blockchain technology can be used to create cryptographically immutable, time-stamped, distributed and tamper-proof ledger in a distributed P2P network to maintain Electronic Health Records (EHR) in the health care system. This technology removes all intermediaries between the source and destination point of any transaction. In a Blockchain network, transactions are cryptographically connected and hence merely difficult to modify the content of any transaction. This review shows that a number of studies in the past have proposed the application of Blockchain in health care. However, many of these used cases lack detailed prototypes and consensus algorithms from an implementation point of view. The review also highlights and depicts in detail the application of Blockchain in EHR and medicine supply management systems. The review further highlights the bottleneck of Blockchain and the area of its research in the near future.
Blockchain and Clinical Trials for Health Informatics

Blockchain is part of the disruptive novel technology stemming from the cryptocurrency and bitcoin, which became large-scale around the year 2011. Subsequently, these technologies have triggered much need attention through the development and growth of more novel cryptocurrencies resulting in transactions, elections, peer reviews, democratic decision-making, identification and audit trails. The health sector has benefited immensely from the rapid advancement in blockchain, such as growth in biomedical research, drug traceability in the pharmaceutical sector, clinical trials, biological testing, patient’s data management, health informatics, data sharing, supply chain management of medical goods, legal medicine, telemedicine, health record, remote patient monitoring, payment services and security. Thus, this chapter will give a general overview of the principles, and applications of blockchain in healthcare industries and possible challenges with ways to resolve them.
Digital literacy in university students of education degrees in Ecuador

Digital technologies have transformed the social and, consequently, educational context. Given this situation, it is worth highlighting the importance of promoting digital literacy to actively participate in the society in which it develops. This work analyzes the level of mastery of digital skills of the university students in Ecuador. To do this, a descriptive methodology has been used, based on the survey technique, based on a questionnaire ( n = 778). Results reveal how the students give priority to research and information management, presenting difficulties in the development and adaptation of technological materials, as well as in the creation and adaptation of digital content. It even highlights how male university education students claim to have better digital skills, while the same situation is not the case for those others who study Intercultural Bilingual Education. This analysis enables Higher Education institutions to make decisions for planning, developing and acquiring digital skills in the university students of Education in Ecuador, in favor of better teaching professional development.
A Blockchain Approach for Health Care Sector to Prevent Fraudulent Activities in Medical Records

The Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems provide health information about patients. Data security, integrity, and management of EHR are crucial problems. Records can be modified and altered by different stockholders as the different users may be using them in more than one form. Medical records management is a suitable application for blockchain-enabled records that can be stored, tracked, and managed by all the transactions to prevent fraudulent activities. A novel framework has been presented here in the healthcare sector by using the blockchain concept. The major goal of this article is to implement BlockChain for electronic health records (EHR), and its decentralized approach eliminates the chance of a single point of failure, making the system robust. The proposed work also covers the extensible problem faced by BlockChain in common with the help of an off-chain repository of the data. The results indicate that computing is much more secure and free from a scam than the traditional health record system. Finally, the proposed approach suggests scenarios such as EHR where the introduced approach should prove adequate.
Exploring the Potential of Immersive Virtual Reality in Italian Schools: A Practical Workshop with High School Teachers

In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in affordable and accessible extended reality devices. Big tech companies like Apple and Meta have announced advanced devices expected to become more prevalent in everyday life. As younger generations embrace immersive digital realities for socialization, entertainment, and information retrieval, there is a need to explore immersive digital technologies that support experiential learning and reevaluate educational approaches. In Italy, the COVID-19 pandemic has sparked a growing interest in immersive virtual reality (VR) and the metaverse for distance education. However, the integration of VR in Italian schools could be faster, primarily due to cost and teacher knowledge challenges. Our study aims to involve high school teachers in a practical workshop to assess their knowledge, skills, and intention to use VR in their teaching after brief training. The focus is on evaluating the acceptability of VR for educational purposes among Italian high school teachers. The workshop involved up to 16 teachers at once and was repeated eight times to reach 120 teachers. Participants received VR training and explored three educational VR applications. The results show that teachers are interested in learning and integrating VR into their lessons. They believe it can enhance teaching practices by actively engaging students and enabling experiential learning. This work provides an overview of the current state of VR in education, describes the workshop with high school teachers, and presents the obtained results.
Exploring the Impact of Altmetrics in Relation to Citation Count and SCImago Journal Rank (SJR)

Arshia Ayoub, Raashida Amin and Zahid Ashraf Wani Author informationPDFCitations Corresponding author. Correspondence: Arshia Ayoub Research Scholar, Department of Library and Information Science, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal-190006, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA. Email: arshiaayoub786@gmail.com ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0118-5740 Author Notes Received June 02, 2022; Revised May 31, 2023; Accepted June 23, 2023. Copyright and License information Copyright
LoRe: A Programming Model for Verifiably Safe Local-First Software

Local-first software manages and processes private data locally while still enabling collaboration between multiple parties connected via partially unreliable networks. Such software typically involves interactions with users and the execution environment (the outside world). The unpredictability of such interactions paired with their decentralized nature make reasoning about the correctness of local-first software a challenging endeavor. Yet, existing solutions to develop local-first software do not provide support for automated safety guarantees and instead expect developers to reason about concurrent interactions in an environment with unreliable network conditions. We propose LoRe , a programming model and compiler that automatically verifies developer-supplied safety properties for local-first applications. LoRe combines the declarative data flow of reactive programming with static analysis and verification techniques to precisely determine concurrent interactions that violate safety invariants and to selectively employ strong consistency through coordination where required. We propose a formalized proof principle and demonstrate how to automate the process in a prototype implementation that outputs verified executable code. Our evaluation shows that LoRe simplifies the development of safe local-first software when compared to state-of-the-art approaches and that verification times are acceptable.
The Potential Role of Blockchain in Supply Chain Management in the Automotive Industry

The complexity of automotive supply chain management presents significant challenges, demanding rigorous coordination of tasks to ensure efficiency in its operations. This chapter examines the potential benefits of adopting blockchain technology in supply chain management. The study employs a case study methodology, focusing on a prominent European automotive company that, compared to its major competitors, appears hesitant to integrate blockchain into its supply chain management practices. The analysis relies on secondary data and utilizes a range of strategic analysis tools to gain deeper insights into the advantages that blockchain technology could offer in supply chain management. Based on the findings, this chapter offers 12 strategic recommendations pertaining to blockchain technology, which can aid the company in addressing various management issues by enhancing security, efficiency, and technological advancements.
From the Traditional to the Interactive and Integrative Teaching Model

In 2020, due to the pandemic, Brazilian universities swiftly shifted to remote teaching. This chapter explores the experiences of professors in an administration course at a Western São Paulo university. It examines the challenges faced and lessons learned during the transition to remote teaching. Professors used various strategies, adapted the curriculum, and employed digital tools for interactive lessons. Limited student device access posed additional hurdles. However, technology facilitated performance monitoring, individual feedback, and flexible communication. Empathetic dialogue with students was prioritized. The chapter highlights interdisciplinary learning, collaboration, and digital skills. Teacher training in technology and effective methodologies is vital for quality education and job market readiness. Higher education institutions must adapt and contribute to the country's development in the post-pandemic era.
Digital Higher Education in Bangladesh

In the last two decades, the higher education sector of Bangladesh has expanded considerably through the establishment of hundreds of public and private universities, along with thousands of colleges with higher education provisions. This expansion aims to make higher education accessible, to generate new knowledge and to cultivate skilled human resources for the country's economic development. At the same time, Bangladesh has observed notable progress in digital infrastructure and digitalising its services, including education. This chapter explores the digitalisation of higher education in Bangladesh, portraying its benefits, challenges, and potentials. It also highlights how government policies, regulations, and the ‘Digital Bangladesh' agenda have generated opportunities and challenges for higher educational institutions. Furthermore, it explores how the country is progressing towards fulfilling the political promise of providing 'smart education' opportunities for its citizens through the ‘Smart Bangladesh' agenda. This chapter also sheds some light on employability in relation to the government's new ‘National Skills Development Policy 2023', considering the emerging digital higher education in the era of global digital transformation and the increasing intervention of artificial intelligence (AI) in every sphere of life. Finally, this chapter concludes by explaining the key issues, challenges and recommendations for the digitalisation of higher education in the context of Bangladesh.
Equality, Diversity, and Access in Digitalized Teaching in Higher Education

There has been a slow uptake of distance education over a period of time. However, this has gradually changed to online education as many institutions adopted digitalisation. COVID-19 brought about forced digitalisation of education with a number of challenges that came to the fore. The study utilised a review of peer reviewed journal articles in Google Scholar and Web of Science databases. The finding shows that digital equity, digital diversity, access to the internet and electricity, academic capitalism, and limitations of testing and examination digital systems were the top emerging themes. Access, equality, and equity in education were still a challenge under face-to-face platforms, but online education has worsened the challenges even more. The integrity in examination and credibility of qualifications attained through such a system can be brought into question if examination monitoring and invigilation are not adequately addressed. Attendance of students to these platforms as logging on, is not an indicator of attendance, presence and active learning raises challenges.
HUBUNGAN WORKING MEMORY DAN LITERACY DENGAN KEMAMPUAN PRAGMATIK ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH DI SURAKARTA

The ability to carry out good social interactions in children must be accompanied by good cognitive abilities as well. Cognitive is related to intelligence. Memory is complex and central to many cognitive operations. Working Memory (WM) is the ability to store information and process information at the same time. There is a strong relationship between Working Memory (WM) and Literacy abilities. Literacy is generally defined as the ability to read and write and use spoken language. Research Objective: To determine the relationship between working memory and literacy with the pragmatic abilities of preschool children in Surakarta. Subjects and Methods: This study used a correlational design. The sample size for this study was 173 children. Data collection uses questionnaires and test instruments. Research Results: Hypothetical testing using the Simultaneous Test can be explained that the variables working memory ability and literacy ability are jointly related to the pragmatic abilities of preschool aged children in Surakarta with a significance figure of 0.000. The resulting coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.079 or 7.9%. In the multiple linear regression test, the equation Y = 48,714 + 1,740 X1 is obtained.