Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Adequacy of legal information resources and services of law libraries in selected Nigerian universities

This study seeks to determine the adequacy of legal information resources and services of law libraries in selected Nigerian universities. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The total of 252 postgraduate law students of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 sets in the two federal universities in South-East formed the population. The entire population was used as the sample. The instrument used for data collection was questionnaire and observation check-list. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and percentages. Arithmetic mean was used to analyse data obtained from the research questions with scale value of 50%. The findings of the study revealed among others that the findings showed that legal information resources are available in the federal university law libraries in South-East, Nigeria, although more innovative services need to be established to be completely commensurate with the demands of the 21st century.
¿Qué están aprendiendo los futuros profesores sobre el uso de las tecnologías en educación?

Teachers in the Chilean school system are required to integrate technologies into their educational practices, a demand increased during remote classes in an emergency context. The aim of this research is to examine the training in ICT (Information and Communication Technology) for future Chilean teachers based on the objectives and contents of the subjects that address the presence of ICT. This study utilized an exploratory-descriptive design, with a mixed methodology, analyzing 140 subject programs from 104 Pedagogy careers included in the CNED database. The results indicate that the pedagogical and technical dimensions have a greater presence compared to the ethical, professional development, and foundational dimensions. The emphasis of these dimensions is more pronounced between the first and fifth semesters of the programs. Notably, the training programs place significant emphasis on the pedagogical and professional dimensions in the areas of Natural Sciences, Arts and Music. Regarding accreditation, the study observes that the technical dimension is the most prevalent in careers with more years of accreditation.
THE INFLUENCE OF DISTINCT TYPES OF MEDIA INTERACTION AND GENDER ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF UNIVERSITY PUPILS AS MEASURED BY THE NUMBER OF MEANINGFUL WORDS

This analysis seeks to discover how the richness of meaningful words is affected by the diversity of media and gender. The two separated forms of media in computer-mediated communication, which are real names (CMR) and anonym (CMA), are connected to the production of meaningful interaction in problem-solving exchanges among pupils. Furthermore, computer-based communication has added a layer of invisibility which has caused an increase in daring word usage in conversations using computers. To assess this issue, the research will look into criminal puzzles discussed in clubs, to determine if there is any impact from the various types of media and gender variation. The research used empirical analysis methods to review the effect of different media and sex on the number of meaningful words produced by 30 participants, 20 female and 10 male. Through analysis of conversations in the conversation room, a two-way ANOVA test was administered to figure out the impact of media and gender on the number of meaningful words. The investigation presented that there was no meaningful impact of media diversity and gender on the number of words produced by students in the investigation. The data suggested that any changes in media or gender had no notable effect on productivity.
The observed preprocessing strategies for doing automatic text summarizing

It is challenging for humans to keep up with the rapid creation of digital information due to the explosion of digital information. A written document can be analyzed to extract meaningful information using automatic text summarization. This research proposes 16 different experimental settings in which the model developed by IndoBERT will be applied in order to answer the question of how much of an impact preprocessing has on the quality of summaries produced by automatic text summarization. In order to answer this question, the researchers have devised this study. In this study, we will explicitly talk about preprocessing strategies by conducting tests with different combinations of preprocessing techniques. These techniques include data cleansing, stopwords, stemming, and case folding. After that, the recall-oriented understudy for gisting evaluation (ROUGE) assessment will be used to conduct the measurement of the research results. According to the findings of this research, the optimal level of performance may be accomplished by combining the processes of data cleaning and case folding with scores of 0.78, 0.60, and 0.68 for ROUGE-1, ROUGE-2, and ROUGE-L respectively.
DEVELOPING HOTS-BASED DESCRIPTIVE READING MATERIALS IN INDONESIAN CONTEXT FOR TENTH GRADERS

The objective of this study was to find out the validity, practicality, and potential effect of the developed HOTS-based descriptive texts in Indonesian context for senior high school students. In conducting this study Akker (1999) development concept consisting of analysis, design, evaluation, and revision was applied. The formative evaluation consisted of self-evaluation, expert review, one-to-one evaluation, small group evaluation, and field test adopted from Tessmer (1993) was used to see the validity, practicality, and the potential effect of the developed product. The result of the expert review showed that the average score of all aspects of the developed product was 3.71 2.51, which means it was categorized as very high. Based on the practicality evaluation results in the one-to-one and small group evaluations, the product was highly practical since the average score in both phases was 2.9 and 3.07, respectively. The potential effect of the product was good enough (81%), although 4 out of 21 students in the field test could not reach the minimum mastery ≥70.
DEVELOPING INSTRUCTIONAL READING MATERIALS WITH LOCAL CULTURE-BASED NARRATIVE TEXTS FOR THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS

The purposes of this study was to find out the validity, practicality, and potential effect of the developed instructional reading materials using Siti Zubaidah narrative lyrics as a local culture-based narrative texts from South Sumatra. The method of the research used development study. The subjects of the study were tenth grade students whose instructional reading level was level four. The procedure of the study consisted of three stages: analysis, design, evaluation and revision. In the first stage, instructional, students’ reading level, and their reading needs were analyzed. The data collected by using questionnaire and test. The result of the analyses became the basis of product development. Texts with comprehension questions were written. Formative evaluation was conducted to see the validity, practicality, and potential effects of the product. The validity about the content and construct of the product was evaluated in expert review phase. The product was stated to be very highly valid (4.45). The practicality was evaluated in one-to-one and small group phases. The results showed that the product was very highly practical since the average score in both phases were 4.64 and 4.79 respectively. Field test phase aimed to evaluate the potential effect of the product. After being tried-out in the field test as 93.3% of the students achieved the minimum mastery criterion which was 68. It meant that this product had a very high potential effect. In conclusion, the developed product was potentially effective to be applied for the tenth grade students.
Content-based product image retrieval using squared-hinge loss trained convolutional neural networks

&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have proven to be highly effective in large-scale object detection and image classification, as well as in serving as feature extractors for content-based image retrieval. While CNN models are typically trained with category label supervision and softmax loss for product image retrieval, we propose a different approach for feature extraction using the squared-hinge loss, an alternative multiclass classification loss function. First, transfer learning is performed on a pre-trained model, followed by fine-tuning the model. Then, image features are extracted based on the fine-tuned model and indexed using the nearest-neighbor indexing technique. Experiments are conducted on VGG19, InceptionV3, MobileNetV2, and ResNet18 CNN models. The model training results indicate that training the models with squared-hinge loss reduces the loss values in each epoch and reaches stability in less epoch than softmax loss. Retrieval results show that using features from squared-hinge trained models improves the retrieval accuracy by up to 3.7% compared to features from softmax-trained models. Moreover, the squared-hinge trained MobileNetV2 features outperformed others, while the ResNet18 feature gives the advantage of having the lowest dimensionality with competitive accuracy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Extending the hypergradient descent technique to reduce the time of optimal solution achieved in hyperparameter optimization algorithms

There have been many applications for machine learning algorithms in different fields. The importance of hyperparameters for machine learning algorithms is their control over the behaviors of training algorithms and their crucial impact on the performance of machine learning models. Tuning hyperparameters crucially affects the performance of machine learning algorithms, and future advances in this area mainly depend on well-tuned hyperparameters. Nevertheless, the high computational cost involved in evaluating the algorithms in large datasets or complicated models is a significant limitation that causes inefficiency of the tuning process. Besides, increased online applications of machine learning approaches have led to the requirement of producing good answers in less time. The present study first presents a novel classification of hyperparameter types based on their types to create high-quality solutions quickly. Then, based on this classification and using the hypergradient technique, some hyperparameters of deep learning algorithms are adjusted during the training process to decrease the search space and discover the optimal values of the hyperparameters. This method just needs only the parameters of the previous two steps and the gradient of the previous step. Finally, the proposed method is combined with other techniques in hyperparameter optimization, and the results are reviewed in two case studies. As confirmed by experimental results, the performance of the algorithms with the proposed method have been increased 36.62% and 23.16% (based on the best average accuracy) for Cifar10 and Cifar100 dataset respectively in early stages while the final produced answers with this method are equal to or better than the algorithms without it. Therefore, this method can be combined with hyperparameter optimization algorithms in order to improve their performance and make them more appropriate for online use by just using the parameters of the previous two steps and the gradient of the previous step.
The Odd Harmonious Labeling of Layered Graphs

Graphs that have the properties of odd harmonious labeling are odd harmonious graphs. The research objective of this paper is to obtain odd harmonious labeling on layered graph C(x,y) and layered graph D(x,y). The research used in this paper is a qualitative method. The research flow consists of data collection, processing, and analysis. The data collection stage consists of constructing the definition of the new class graph, the data processing stage consists of constructing the vertex labeling and edge labeling, and the data analysis stage consists of constructing the theorem and proving it. The research results show that the layered graph C(x,y) and layered graph D(x,y) fulfill odd harmonious labeling. Such that the layered graph C(x,y) and layered graph D(x,y) are odd harmonious graphs. The benefit of this research is to add new properties of odd harmonious graphs. In addition, it does not rule out the possibility that this research can be developed again both in theory and application.
THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOSITION LEARNING METHOD TOWARDS FABLE WRITING SKILLS

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using the cooperative integrated reading and composition method on learning outcomes to write fables in class VIII students at MTs Daarul Muqimin Buaran Jati, Tangerang Regency. students think learning to write fables is boring, students don't think creatively in learning to write fables, students find it difficult to find creative writing ideas, use less effective learning media, and inappropriate writing learning methods. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental method by conducting a pretest and posttest in two groups. This type of experimental research method uses a nonequivalent control group design, where the experimental class is treated and the control class is not treated. This nonequivalent control group design is almost the same as the pretest and posttest control group designs, only in this design the experimental and control groups are not chosen randomly. Data collection techniques using tests. The data analysis technique was started from normality test, homogeneity test, and continued with hypothesis testing. From the research results obtained tcount 2.061 ttable 1.9987. So it can be concluded that there are differences in learning outcomes between the control class and the experimental class. Thus, the results of the study using the CIRC (cooperative integrated reading and composition) method showed an increase in the ability to write fables for the students.
INTERACTIVE METADISCOURSE MARKERS IN INDONESIAN EFL STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC WRITING

The research on metadiscourse markers investigation in academic texts has grown very rapidly in the last decade. However, research on interactive metadiscourse markers on EFL students' academic writing is still relatively underexplored. Therefore, this study aims to reveal how the competence of EFL students in the use of interactive metadiscourse in academic writing by comparing two groups of students with different grades, third-semester students and fifth-semester students. The research design is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. A total of 40 students were participating in this research and divided into two groups. Each group consists of 20 students. They were assigned to write a minimum-250-word essay about the importance of English mastery in the disrupted era of 4.0. Around 818 interactive markers were identified in the student’s essay texts. The results reveal that the use of interactive discourse markers in the students' writing was considered still low in quantity. The transition markers were the most dominant found in the text, followed by frame markers, code gloss, endophoric markers, and evidential respectively. Moreover, the students in the fifth semester perform slightly better than their third-semester counterparts at using the interactive metadiscourse markers. However, most of the students in both groups still encountered difficulties to employ the interactive markers in their writing. The lack of practice and the student's native language practice might have contributed to the low quality of the student's writing.
Speaking Up: A Comprehensive Investigation of EFL Secondary Students' Speaking Skill Problems in Indonesia's Islamic School Context

This study aims to explore the problems encountered by EFL secondary students in learning speaking skills in the context of Islamic schools in Indonesia. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method and used observation, interview, and questionnaire as data collection instruments. The findings revealed that the problems encountered by students in speaking skills can be categorized into fourgroups: language problems, mental problems, personal problems, and education problems. Language problems included mother tongue interference, poor pronunciation, poor grammar, unnatural spoken English, slow speech, and limited vocabulary. Mental problems included nervousness, shame, low confidence, and lack of ideas. Personal problems consisted of attitude, laziness, environmental effects, and cultural gaps. Finally, education problems included the technique and method of teaching, facilities in teaching-learning, and limited use of media. The results of the study underscore the importance of speaking instruction for EFL learners and the need for teachers and researchers to consider language learners' speaking needs in the context of teaching and learning English. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion on EFL speaking instruction and provides implications for teachers and researchers in designing effective language teaching programs.
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF SPEAKING ACTIVITIES IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK BASED ON 2013 CURRICULUM FOR THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

This research is focused on speaking activities in two versions of English Textbooks published by the Government/Kemendikbud and published by Private Publications/Erlangga based on the 2013 Curriculum syllabus, and this research is also to find out which books meet the good category to help student learning activities. This research is very important for the academic world to make it easier for a student and teacher to choose a good textbook to meet their speaking needs. The method used in this research is Content Analysis. The researcher used two analysis matrixes in collecting data. The first analysis matrix will show the suitability of the speaking activities in the two versions of the textbook with the 2013 curriculum syllabus. The second analysis matrix will show the percentage scores of the two versions of the English textbook based on the guidelines evaluation. As for the results of data analysis, the first matrix shows that speaking activities in the two versions of the English textbook are in accordance with the 2013 curriculum syllabus, and the second matrix also shows that the two versions of the English textbook are in the "good" and “fair” category, which is the textbook published by the Government/Kemendikbud has an average percentage of 93%(good) and textbooks published by Private Publications/Erlangga have an average percentage of 73% (fair). In conclusion, both versions of English textbooks published by the government/Kemendikbud and published by private publishers/Erlangga are good and fair categories for students in carrying out the teaching and learning process.
Robust Optimization Model for Twitter Sentiment Analysis of PeduliLindungi Application

Technological advances during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia gave rise to the PeduliLindungi application which is developed by the government to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The advantages and disadvantages of developing PeduliLindungi can be seen from the responses and opinions from users, one of which is through the Twitter. A person's opinion about PeduliLindungi based on the tweet can be classified into positive, negative, or neutral categories using a Machine Learning approach with the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm. In this paper, multiobjective optimization modeling is used to maximize the performance metrics, which are the value of Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-Score. The value of the performance metrics is considered to contain uncertainty factors. Therefore, the optimization problem is solved by using Robust Optimization to handle the uncertainty factor. The data uncertainty is assumed to be belongs to polyhedral uncertainty set thus the resulted robust is computationally tractable. Numerical experiment is presented to complete the discussion.
THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ON THE USE OF MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING THROUGH DUOLINGO IN IMPROVING VOCABULARY MASTERY AT THE TERTIARY LEVEL

The use of Duolingo as one of free online applications by students in learning English is essential. More studies on Duolingo app were conducted. However, in the context of university students of Indonesia in improving vocabulary mastery in the online learning setting, this current study was rare. This research was aimed to investigate the students’ perceptions on Mobile-Assisted Language Learning through Duolingo Apps to improve vocabulary mastery. The research used a mixed method. There were 95 undergraduate students from some private and public universities in Indonesia. Online questionnaire and semi-structure interview were conducted to collect the data. The finding revealed that Duolingo apps improved the students’ vocabulary mastery in their English learning. It is then recommended that Duolingo be used for EFL and non-EFL students in the university to increase their English proficiency, mainly in vocabulary mastery as it is simple, easy to use, and available to access. In addition, it provides interesting and informative features. Therefore, it implies that Duolingo promotes the students’ willingness and motivations to practice English better.
Subjectivity Tracking System for Poor Scholarship Recipients at Elementary School Using the MOORA Method

This research was conducted because of complaints from several parents at Elementary School regarding recipients of the Poor Student Assistance (PSA) who were still less objective. Elementary School XY regularly conduct screening activities every year to select prospective PSA recipients. This selection is made so that the recipients of this assistance are students entitled to it. Some students should be accepted as a selection committee but do not mistake of choosing some students who have kinship or subjective matters. Therefore, this study aims to explore and create applications that apply the Multi Objective Optimization to the basic Ratio Analysis (MOORA) method, which is a method for determining students based on predetermined criteria. The criteria used are the value of report cards, student achievement, student activity, parental income, parental dependents, and home conditions. After conducting a search and implementation using the MOORA method in determining PSA recipients, it was found that there were some non-objective results where the student's criteria and final results were lower than some other students. However the Elementary School provided a recommendation to get PSA. If this happens again, then the importance of this system is to help objective selection. The accuracy results explained that 14.39% of PSA recipients were subjective. It was concluded that this research helps an objective decision and facilitates the decision maker in determining the best 3 recipients from each class at Elementary School XY.