Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Study: Willful Infringement &amp; Enhanced Damages in Patent Law After Halo

For decades, companies and attorneys have instructed teams of engineers, researchers, and computer scientists to ignore patents. The reasoning for this advice: if there is no pre-suit knowledge of a patent, then it is nearly impossible for a patent holder to prove that enhanced damages are warranted. Pre-suit knowledge is a prerequisite for a finding of willful infringement, which is itself a prerequisite for awarding enhanced damages. The median patent damages award is around ten million dollars, and large companies like Intel, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Microsoft, and Abbott Laboratories have all recently faced billion-dollar patent infringement judgments. In this landscape, a multiplier of up to three times the compensatory damages is strong motivation for companies to purposely create a patent-ignorant work environment. Yet this advice defeats an important goal of patent law: the disclosure and dissemination of technological information. How can technology companies learn from new and nonobvious innovation disclosed in patents if their heads are stuck in the sand? In this empirical study with data spanning 2010 to 2020, I provide a data-driven answer to whether this deliberate ignorance strategy is effective. The answer, in short, is that reading patents, conducting patent clearance searches, and/or responding to cease-and-desist letters does not, in isolation, open the door to enhanced damages. Finally, by employing an original data set to seek this answer and potential solutions to deliberate patent ignorance, this study provides empirical statistics regarding willful infringement and enhanced damages. This includes empirical statistics illustrating the impact of the 2016 Supreme Court decision, Halo Electronics v. Pulse Electronics.
Consistent Network Emerge for N-Hop Network

Communication is all about how you get your message across the network. Network theory is a part of grid theory in which a network can be depicted as a grid with nodes and links. Connected grid and completely connected grid representation of the network is converted to agenda reliance chart which illustrates the data dependencies and control dependencies. Fixation of the source node and sink node is made from the agenda reliance chart and the possible numbers of n-hop networks are determined through agenda reliance chart.
Optimized PN Sequence Generation using Elliptic Curve Cryptography and UWD

The Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) technique is developed for military applications and also utilized in civilian application for the need of information hiding and secure signal transmission. The major issue occurs during the transmission in CDMA system is the security of data. In this proposed work, Universal Wind Driven (UWD) optimized ECC based PN sequence generation. Initially Pseudo Noise (PN) sequence is generated on the basis of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). The PN sequences have the characteristics of being like random noise with low correlation compared to any other sequence in the set. The original data is combined with optimal PN sequence and modulated by BPSK modulation and transmitted through the AWGN channel and demodulated by BPSK demodulation. The performance results proved that proposed work is efficient compared to other techniques.
Quantum Zeno Jumps in a Resonantly Driven Qubit under Frequent Measurements

In Nature, 570, 200 (2019), Minev and co-authors’ experiment shows how to deterministically “catch and reverse a quantum jump mid-flight” in a continuously-observed Rabi-stimulated qubit. Its interpretation is in debate (La Recherche, 555, 40, (2020)). We show that the quantum Zeno effect (QZE) of continuous measurement —by use of photon emission from a 3rd high-rate monitored ancilla level— can be described by an action-angle canonical transformation of the original Hamiltonian dynamical system (HDS) theory of QZE. Then energy whose mean value yields the well-known resonant Rabi harmonic dynamics is actually defined by large-amplitude high-frequency oscillations of the internal as well as of the overall phase of the two-level system. By making use of their standard deviation, we show that the separatrix crossing of the HDS trajectory yields the quantized action nh where n = 1, 2, 3 .... Therefore, the jump dynamics observed in Minev et al. experiment belongs to a series of discrete quantum jumps: it corresponds in this experiment to n = 3.
Introduction

The second annual conference on the human factor in cybercrime was organized in October 2019 in The Netherlands. During this three day small-scale conference many well-known international researchers presented their latest work on the human factor in cybercrime. The small scale of the conference enabled us to make all sessions plenary. This resulted in lively discussions of the presented research and very useful feedback for the presenters. A large selection of the presented work is included as chapters in this book. This collection of chapters represents the state of the art of research on The Human Factor in Cybercrime. All chapters are based on high quality empirical research and contain a variety of disciplines and theoretical and methodological approaches, all related to human factors in cybercrime.
Implementation of Different Cyptographic Strategies in Cloud Environment

Cloud computing is hosted technology used to deliver services over internet. These services are broadly classified based on type of hosting i.e. infrastructure, platform and software. Public environment and internet connectivity make it vulnerable and unsafe for communication and storage. Confidentiality is one of the major principles to keep data privacy and protection at high level. Cryptographic techniques are used to achieve confidentiality and integrity of information during unsafe communication. This research paper observes that various cryptographic algorithms known as symmetric key cryptography and asymmetric key cryptography can be used to protect information and make it unreadable for unauthorised users. This research paper implements different security algorithms and observe their performance based on computation time over different input sizes. The complete research work concludes a comparative study and recommends different security approaches for different situations.
Patient Health Record Security Based on Blockchain

It is necessary to keep the patient’s health history confidential as it attracts various attackers who can steal the patient’s valuable information and can lead to wrong medication which is dangerous for the patients. Healthcare using block chain provides security measures using various algorithms and one of them is consensus algorithm. Block chain is a secure gateway composed of decentralized ledger, when it comes to a specific grant of personalized access. Block chain plays a vital role when it comes to security. In Healthcare Block chain organizes the data so that transactions (i.e. Patient’s record) can be verified. Also, Block chain is decentralized ledger which is distributed in nature and has a vital role in securing the data and transactions. Block chain basically contains records in order and is arranged particularly in a block type structure.
Well log analysis for lithology and fluid contacts in Rovuma Basin – Mozambique: Application of cluster and discriminant analyses

This study applies the cluster and discriminant analyses in geophysical well log data from the Rovuma Basin -Mozambique.The main objective was to determine the lithological profile and fluid contacts in reservoirs.Five wells drilled on the same basin were evaluated.For the discrimination, a reference well was chosen for training, and the obtained functions from it were then applied to the remaining wells.The classification process comprehended three main phases.The two methods were applied in parallel and the results are compared in each classification phase.Reservoirs quality was also assessed by applying cutoffs in relation to shale content and effective porosity to delineate net reservoirs.Overall, both methods converged to the same lithological model and fluidtypes in reservoirs.Gas has been indicated as the most predominant hydrocarbon in the basin.
The Use of Cloud Technologies in the Modern Educational Process

The article describes the features of the use of blog technologies in the educational field. The relevance of the article is to study the influence of computer technologies on the process of computerization of education, which is accompanied by the introduction of corrections to the content of learning technologies due to significant changes in the pedagogical theory and practice of the educational process. The purpose of the article is to study the process of forming the professional competence of students through the use of such Internet technologies as a blog. Attention is focused on the problem of determining this Internet technology and its essence in the educational process. The article also highlighted a number of stable characteristics of blogs and described the functions performed by blogs.
Penggunakan Metode Kooperatif Learning pada Materi ASEAN IPS Sekolah Dasar untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar

The purpose of this Classroom Action Research (CAR) was carried out with the aim to find out the increase in social studies learning achievements of ASEAN material through the application of cooperative learning methods to class VI SDN Jatiasih Bekasi students in 2018/2019. This Classroom Action Research was carried out by applying the Jigsaw type cooperative learning model in order improve the quality of the learning process and is a concept of learning activities that help teachers in carrying out mathematics learning activities on fractions taught by trying to maximize the active role of students, especially the knowledge they have and how they are applied in everyday life. With this concept, learning outcomes are expected to be more meaningful for students. The learning process takes place naturally in the form of activities students work and experience, not transfer knowledge from teacher to student. The quality of learning is more important than learning outcomes. Classroom Action Research (CAR) is carried out in stages 2 cycles, and the results of the actions taken have been proven to be able to improve student learning outcomes / achievements in terms of classical student mastery learning in the first cycle of 53%, could increase to 74.5% in the second cycle and in terms of the average value of the evaluation results of 74.5 in the second cycle of 79.2, this means there is an increase of 22%. From the results of this class action research also showed an increase in the level of student learning activities from 3 categories Active Enough in the first cycle to 3.5 Active categories, Active categories in the second cycle to 3.8 categories Very Active means there was an increase of 28.5%.
PANTOMIM SEBAGAI EKSPRESI DIRI SISWA TUNARUNGU

The uniqueness of communication ways for the Deaf is different from other people. On communicating they use sign language to bridge communication process. However, not everyone can understand their message so that is difficult to express theirselves. The purpose of this research was to determine the meaning of pantomim by Deaf students and knowing how to self-expressing and meaning by using key informants helped deaf students at SLB Negeri Cicendo Bandung. This research use qualitative method with phenomenological approach. Types of data used are primary data through observation and interview. The results obtained through this research show that the meaning of pantomim by deaf students from five informants are important in his life. Pantomim is entertaining for deaf student, because it is funny and can make them laugh. Pantomim is a hobby that become their favorite thing. So pantomim makes deaf student to be brave, having many friends, and the achievments and make their parents be happy and proud. Through pantomim they can express themselves maximumly with facial expressions, so they can entertain themselves.niqueness of communication ways for the Deaf is different from other people. On communicating they use sign language to bridge communication process. However, not everyone can understand their message so that is difficult to express theirselves. The purpose of this research was to determine the meaning of pantomim by Deaf students and knowing how to self-expressing and meaning by using key informants helped deaf students at SLB Negeri Cicendo Bandung. This research use qualitative method with phenomenological approach. Types of data used are primary data through observation and interview. The results obtained through this research show that the meaning of pantomim by deaf students from five informants are important in his life. Pantomim is entertaining for deaf student, because it is funny and can make them laugh. Pantomim is a hobby that become their favorite thing. So pantomim makes deaf student to be brave, having many friends, and the achievments and make their parents be happy and proud. Through pantomim they can express themselves maximumly with facial expressions, so they can entertain themselves.
Overhaul of Three-D Image Based on Metamorphosis and Fabric Growing of Two-D Images

Shape is a critical physical property of normal and artificial three-D images that describes their outside appearances. Understanding differences among shapes and displaying the inconstancy inside and outside the shape classes are considered for shape analysis, and are the major issues in numerous applications, from normal image visualization to medical imaging. During diagnosis in medical image processing it is impossible to analyze the diseased areas some time from three-D images. So for the purpose of diagnosing the diseased areas of three-D image, medical experts need two-D images. This paper addresses the overhaul of three dimensional models from two-D images. In the initial step the image is segmented using level set method. Later segmented image is extracted and registered for overhaul of three dimensional images using metamorphosis and fabric growing methods. The practical result shows the implementation of the suggested method.
A Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Public Satisfaction with Urbanization Based on Social Media Monitoring

The paper presents a method of identifying satisfaction with Urbanization based on studying the content of comments on the social networks. The analysis of public opinions revealed areas of concern and priority areas in the public Satisfaction with Urbanization. This paper analyses the influencing factors of urbanization satisfaction. Through Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) Model and Sentiment Analysis, the evaluation of urbanization satisfaction in social media environment is realized.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENENTUAN SISWA TELADAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) STUDI KASUS : SD BHAKTI YKKP

Exemplary students are students of noble and accomplished character. Exemplary student assessments in schools are essential to motivate students to be better. Sekolah Bhakti YKKP is a school that plans to conduct an exemplary student assessment. The exemplary student assessment in SD Bhakti is taken from 8 aspects of assessment, namely: Average player ratings value, moral, discipline, attendance, point of offense, extracurricular activities of the race and book lover. A lot of data and different judging aspects become constraints in the assessment process, to solve this problem. The purpose of this research is to create a decision support system (SPK) as a solution to help schools in determining exemplary students. SPK applied is using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, because this method can calculate various values based on predefined criteria and weights. After the calculation process is complete, the calculation result of the SAW method can be used to determine the student model based on the best class rating. Based on the results of the test using the PHP programming language and two methods of testing Black Box with an average percentage of 86% and testing Delone and McLean Model with an average percentage of 88%.
Supplemental Material for Forensic Feature-Comparison Expertise: Statistical Learning Facilitates Visual Comparison Performance

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Application of Principal Component Analysis on English Proficiency among Technical University Students

The purpose of this study was to explore the level of English proficiency among students from Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT). This study also observed the relationship between the level of four main skills: Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking by distributing an online questionnaire to 116 students from bachelor programme. The data was then analysed using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of the dataset. The research findings revealed that the students’ level of Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking proficiency are intermediate. The findings also showed that there is a significant relationship between each Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking proficiency of the students. On the other hand, the finding also reflects that students acquired the lowest in writing skill. Finally, the research draws conclusion and recommendations based on the level of students’ English Proficiency and the ways to improve students’ achievement in English.
Client Server Communication with Effective Resource Balancing in Cloud Computing using Genetic Algorithm

A network in computers consists of a set of interconnected computers using an appropriate technique. In cloud computing, every client and server is unique and has different processing capability. Each server is independent where resource allocation is an important feature for the system to appear as a single network. So the performance of the system depends on the allocation of work among the servers effectively. It is the combination of various factors like latency, throughput, consistency, reliability, and performance. The concept of dynamic resource balancing can be introduced to efficiently manage the factors to be fulfilled in a distributed network. Every client in the network benefits from dynamic resource balancing. In turn, all tasks benefit from resource balancing. The resource balancing comprises of both physical and logical features. The time, cost, performance must be optimized through resource balancing. The paper describes a model for resource balancing in the system to manage the performance through the Internet in cloud computing. This proposed algorithm can be applied to n-processor dynamic systems. This will prove effective to reduce the server resources.
Main features of the historical metallogeny of niobium

The analysis of niobium metallogeny during the whole geological history was conducted on the basis of data on 45 largest niobium deposits distributed globally. All of them belong to one of three metallogenic types: alkaligranitic, foidic or carbonatitic. The distribution of their resources on the scale of geological time is distinctly discrete. The deposits were formed from the Middle Paleoproterozoic to the Cenozoic. The Rodinian, Pangean and Amasian supercontinent cycles are the most productive ones in terms of accumulated niobium resources. These three cycles stand out in a leading role of the deposits related to carbonatite complexes.
Handwritten Hindi Character Recognition Using Layer-Wise Training of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Manually written character acknowledgment is as of now getting the consideration of scientists in view of potential applications in helping innovation for dazzle and outwardly hindered clients, human–robot collaboration, programmed information passage for business reports, and so on. In this work, we propose a strategy to perceive transcribed Devanagari characters utilizing profound convolutional neural organizations (DCNN) which are one of the ongoing procedures embraced from the profound learning network. We tested the ISIDCHAR information base gave by (Information Sharing Index) ISI, Kolkata and V2DMDCHAR information base with six distinct structures of DCNN to assess the exhibition and furthermore research the utilization of six as of late created versatile inclination strategies. A layer-wise method of DCNN has been utilized that assisted with accomplishing the most noteworthy acknowledgment exactness and furthermore get a quicker union rate. The consequences of layer-wise-prepared DCNN are great in correlation with those accomplished by a shallow strategy of high quality highlights and standard DCNN
Improving students’ content words vocabulary through songs at SMP Negeri 4 Bandar Lampung

abstract: The objectives of this research are to find out whether there is an improvement of students’ content words vocabulary after they are taught by using songs. This research was conducted at the second-grade students of SMPN 4 Bandar Lampung in academic year 2019/2020. The researcher took class VIII D. The instrument used to get the data in this research was vocabulary test. Vocabulary tests in the forms of pre-test and post-test were done to collect the data. Then, the t-test was used to test the hypothesis. The result of the hypothesis test proves that song gives a positive effect on students’ content words vocabulary. It can be seen from the mean score of the pre-test and post-test which was analyzed through SPSS 16.00. In the pre-test, the mean score was 75 and it increases to 80 in the post-test. It means that there is an increase of 5 points. The result of t-test shows that the level of significance is p &lt; 0.05 and significant two tail is p=0.000. It can be said that song gives positive effect because it can increase students’ vocabulary. Keywords: improving, vocabulary, song
Where Do We Go From Here?

In the end, 2020—the year that lasted forever—will likely be an accelerant. The lasting changes to scientific publishing and communication will be those that have been simmering for a while, but only came to a boil because of this turbulent year. One of the clearest examples of this is the likely permanence of the remote workplace for information workers, such as those in scholarly publishing. A look through the CSE Annual Meeting report archive will find a decade’s worth of articles on how to support a remote team, but many organizations remained hesitant or only allowed staff to work a few days from home. Now with everyone forced out of offices for what will likely be at least a year, many of those office spaces may not reopen, or when they do, they’ll shift focus to meeting spaces and shared desks for staff to use as needed. The full implication of this move is unknown, but one certain positive of the remote workforce is the pool of applicants for any position expands from a few dozen locals to literally thousands of potentially talented individuals. That change will be important as organizations attempt to address inequities brought to light (again) during the racial reckoning of this summer. The Coalition for Diversity and Inclusion in Scholarly Communications (C4DISC)1 was created in 2018 to specifically raise the issue of the importance of diversity in the publishing community, and this year pushed many organizations and publishers to proclaim that they will be making systematic […]
Programmatically Identifying Cognitive Biases Present in Software Development

Mitigating bias in AI-enabled systems is a topic of great concern within the research community.While efforts are underway to increase model interpretability and de-bias datasets, little attention has been given to identifying biases that are introduced by developers as part of the software engineering process.To address this, we began developing an approach to identify a subset of cognitive biases that may be present in development artifacts: anchoring bias, availability bias, confirmation bias, and hyperbolic discounting.We developed multiple natural language processing (NLP) models to identify and classify the presence of bias in text originating from software development artifacts.