Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Smart contracts that violate the Commodity Exchange Act: which parties are liable?

Purpose The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), to date, has not directly addressed how liability for Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) violations involving blockchain or distributed ledger technology should be allocated among the various parties involved in the distributed ledger network, such as the network itself, persons running consensus nodes, developers building applications on the platform, and businesses and end users using such applications. This article discusses recent statements by CFTC Commissioner Brian Quintenz regarding this issue and the approach that the CFTC may take going forward. Design/methodology/approach This article examines the allocation of liability in the context of smart contracts that may violate the CEA. The article discusses how the CFTC, despite its significant focus in recent years on virtual currency and blockchain, has not addressed the issue of liability allocation directly. Recent remarks by Commissioner Quintenz may shed light on the CFTC’s future approach. Findings This article finds that liability allocation questions may become increasingly pressing as smart contracts that potentially violate the CEA proliferate, possibly exposing a broad range of parties involved in a distributed ledger network to liability. To the extent that Commissioner Quintenz’s recent remarks are indicative, the CFTC ultimately may adopt a foreseeability standard in determining liability. Practical implications Applications of distributed ledger technology (DLT) are ever-expanding, continually posing novel CFTC regulatory issues. This is especially the case with respect to smart contracts that may be subject to CFTC jurisdiction. Parties involved in such applications should be mindful of potential liability. Originality/value Practical guidance from experienced finance and derivatives lawyers with strong CFTC expertise.
Soft Skills in IT-Education as a Condition of Competitive Ability in Information-Oriented Society

Soft skills, such as communication and co- operation skills provide creative solutions to specific professional tasks. These skills let IT specialists be productive in their professional activity and guarantee them competitive advantages on labor-market of information-oriented society.
Remote Sensing and Computer Science

The implications of optimal archetypes have been far-reaching and pervasive. In fact, few analysts would disagree with the visualization of neural networks. While such a hypothesis is largely an appropriate objective, it is supported by existing work in the field. Our focus in this paper is not on whether A* search can be made peer-to-peer, pseudorandom, and pseudorandom, but rather on presenting a real-time tool for visualizing RAID [1]
A study of the Exponentiated Gradient +/- algorithm for stochastic optimization of neural networks

Author(s): Parks, David Freeman | Advisor(s): Warmuth, Manfred K | Abstract: Exponentiated Gradient +/- (abbr. EG+-) is a gradient update algorithmdrawn from work by Manfred Warmuth (Kivinen and Warmuth, 1997) in theonline learning setting. This thesis ports the algorithm into the context of deepneural networks and analyses its fitness in that context compared to the currentstate of the art gradient update methods. Existing methods employ an additiveupdate scheme whereby some fraction of the gradient is added to the weightvalues to update them at each iteration in the gradient descent algorithm. EG+-provides a multiplicative update scheme whereby a proportion of the gradientis multiplied into the original weight value, and then normalized to update theweight. EG+- is motivated by using a relative entropy regularization. This thesisanalyzes various properties and experimental results of the algorithm in comparisonto other update methods, and analyzes EG+- in the context of state of theart residual networks and challenging vision problems. Three published implementationsare experimented with, and demonstrate that EG+- performs betterthan SGD when there are many noisy features, and that it compares well withcommonly used state-of-the art gradient descent optimization methods. EG+-also performs better than most SGD based optimizers on black-box adversarialattacks, with the exception of non momentum based SGD with which it performssimilarly.
Association Analysis of Online Learning Behavior in Interactive Education based on Intelligent Concept Machine

Aiming at the problem that the existing association analysis of online learning behaviour in interactive education has poor practical application effect, this paper proposes an association analysis method of online learning behaviour in interactive education based on intelligent concept machine. Association rules are used to obtain association information between data. Based on the characteristics of online learning, a data classification index system was constructed by RFM analysis method. K-means method is adopted to cluster user behaviours. PageRank algorithm was used to obtain the most representative learning users, recommend the best courses for users, and analyse the learning behaviour and effect through association rules. Finally, through simulation experiment, it is found that the average learning score of learners increases by 15 points after using this method, and the application effect is good, which verifies the effectiveness of this method.
أثر جماعة الأقران، والمدرسة والأسرة على النمو الاجتماعي والتحصيل الدراسي للطفل (دراسة ميدانية للأطفال في مدينة اللاذقية)

The  results of these research shown the relation between Social growth of child and his studding achievement depending on how much family, school, and mate group influences on his Social growth positive, or negative, and on his studding achievement, there are static differences between Social   ripeness and students  studding achievement  and it confirm that the child who has ripe Social growth, he well has a height degree in studding subjects, so he has good studding achievement. it confirms about the importance of mate group, and family, school for the child, where indicate to the educational importance role, which mate group, and family, school play in the children adaptation, and Social, intellectual, and   emotional habilitation. بينت نتائج هذه الدراسة وجود علاقة وطيدة بين النمو الاجتماعي، والتحصيل الدراسي للطفل مع مدى تأثره بجماعة الأقران، والمدرسة والأسرة، حيث تؤثر جماعة الأقران، والمدرسة والأسرة سلبا ، أو إيجابا في نمو الطفل اجتماعيا ، وفي تحصيله الدراسي ، بحيث يوجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين النضج الاجتماعي والتحصيل الدراسي عند التلاميذ. و أكدت النتائج أن  الطفل الذي ينمو نموا  اجتماعيا ناضجا يحصل على درجات مرتفعة في مواده، ويكون تحصيله الدراسي جيدا. مع التأكيد  على أهمية هذه الجماعات، والأسرة والمدرسة  بالنسبة للطفل، وذلك من خلال  أهمية الدور التربوي الذي تلعبه جماعة الأقران، والمدرسة، والأسرة  في إعداد الأطفال وتنشئتهم فكريا وانفعاليا، واجتماعيا.
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS’ ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING ESSAY (A CASE STUDY AT THE ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF AR-RANIRY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY)

By adopting the notion of Error Analysis (EA) and the Surface Strategy Taxonomy as the theoretical frameworks, this study investigates the types of grammatical errors produced by the students in their argumentative writing. Furthermore, the sources behind the errors have also been analyzed. This study employed the qualitative method design in which the case study approach was utilized. Ellis’ five-step procedure of EA was adopted to analyze the data of essays comprising of 150-300 words written by 23 EFL students of the fourth-semester at English Department of Islamic State University (UIN) Ar-Raniry Aceh. They were purposively selected as the participants of this study. Based on the findings, it was found that omission was the most frequent error identified in the students’ writings. Overall, 122 cases out of 195 cases were categorized under this type of error which constitutes of 63%. The number-marker, verb-tense, article, preposition, subject-verb agreement, and pronoun were the categories of the frequent errors made by the students, respectively. It was followed by addition (18%), misformation (15%), and misordering (5%). Significance to the sources of errors, intralingual transfer turned out to be the main reason that provoked the blunder in the students’ writings. It was apparent that some of the interlinguistic contrast was the reasons behind the errors. It appeared that the diverse systematical concept between the Indonesian language and English in terms of verb conjugation factor, inflectional morpheme, and auxiliary-verb abandonment were the strong contenders of the error sources. Additionally, interlingual transfer and context of learning also took part for the reason behind the error.
Kritik Sosial dalam Lirik Lagu Album Sinestesia Karya Efek Rumah Kaca: Kajian Sosiologi Sastra dan Relevansinya dengan Bahan Ajar Sastra di SMA

The purpose of this research is, (1) Describe the socio-historical background of the author (2) Describe the structures of the Sinestesia by the Efek Rumah Kaca, (3) Describe the form of social criticism of the Sinestesia by the Efek Rumah Kaca (4) Describe the relevance of the social criticism of the album Sinestesia by the Efek Rumah Kaca with teaching materials in high school. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, the research strategy used is a embedded case study. The data collection technique was carried out using the content analysis technique of literature study. Data validation techniques with theory triangulation. The analysis technique used in this study is the method of reading semiotic models, namely heuristic and hermeneutic readings. The results of this study are: (1) Efek Rumah Kaca band is an indie music group originating from Jakarta, this band is known for its songs about social conditions in the community, (2) The structure of poetry builders in the album Sinestesia includes themes that are entirely raised about social politics. The image that is often used in this album is a visual image, a figurative language that is often used is a metaphor, a mandate to be conveyed dominantly about the behavior of government officials, especially in terms of leadership, and the tone that arises is cynical, sad, uplifting, encouraging, advice, and sad, (3) The social criticisms presented in this album are about humanitarian issues, socio-political issues, music industry issues, issues of religiosity, and information problems, (4) The results of this study are relevant to the study of literature in high school namely at KD. 3.16, 3.15, and 3.17 grade X and in accordance with the criteria of literary learning, namely language, psychology, and cultural background.
APPROPRIATENESS OF MNEMONIC TECHNIQUES ON FREE RECALL LEARNING OUTCOMES IN PUBLIC UPPER PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN MACHAKOS SUB-COUNTY, KENYA

The purpose of this study was to investigate the appropriateness of mnemonic techniques on free recall learning outcomes in primary schools in Machakos Sub-County, Machakos County, Kenya. A 2x4 factorial design was used to test the appropriateness of three mnemonic techniques on free recall learning outcomes. Stratified sampling was to select one school from each of the three educational zones of Machakos Sub-County. Purposeful sampling was used to select four schools with mean grades between 279-281 marks in 2017 KCPE results. Random sampling was used to assign intact groups experimental and control groups. A sample size of 317 pupils was selected from standard seven pupils to participate in the study. The following research instruments were used: observation schedules for monitoring treatment process, Questionnaires for testing pupils’ satisfaction level and test scores for measuring free recall learning outcomes. The validity and reliability of the instruments was established by piloting the research instruments in Kathiani Sub-County. The reliability of the research instrument was determined through the split-half correlation method. The treatment process involved exposing pupils to learning using three mnemonic instruction conditions. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyse the data. Post-hoc pair wise comparison (LSD) was done to test which groups had significant difference. The results were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The study had the following findings: No significance differences (F(3,318)= 2.26, P> 0.05) were found in free recall learning outcomes between learners who were taught using the three mnemonic techniques hence none of the three mnemonic techniques was found to be more appropriate for free recall learning tasks. The study recommended that, teacher trainees need to be trained on how to teach using mnemonic techniques and similar study should be replicated with samples drawn from students in secondary schools, colleges and Universities. Article visualizations:
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH DEMOKRATIS ORANGTUA DAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR

The purpose of this study is (1) to find out the relationship between parenting democratic parenting with learning achievement.(2) Knowing the relationship between emotional intelligence and learning achievement.(3) Knowing the relationship between parental democratic parenting and emotional intelligence on learning achievement. The approach used in this study is to use a quantitative approach. The results of this study indicate that:(1) The magnitude of the effect of parenting on learning achievement is 13.7%, (2) The amount of influence of emotional intelligence on learning achievement is 16.4%, (3) The amount of influence of parenting and emotional intelligence on achievement learning by 30.1%.
Automated Handwritten Character Recognition using Deep Learning

Computer recognize the human written character, words documents comes under the definition of Handwriting Recognition. It’s been and is still an area under research. It has gained prominence due to numerous applications. Like office automation, historic documents preservation, help for the blind etc. In this paper we provide in detail the existing study in Offline Handwritten Characters Recognition. The techniques used in this area of research. We provide a meticulous literature review on different techniques used in Offline Handwritten Character Recognition (HWCR) in different languages.
In Search of the Characteristics IB Educational System and Backward Design

International Baccalaureate(IB), which is spreading around the world, transcends the boundaries of the specific subject. It focuses on the international perspective and emphasizes working together with others through fusion and harmony. It teaches creative and practical ability to solve complicated problems. We need people who can work with others to solve the problem with their own personality. Through education, students can grow into either passive and trapped thinkers, or active and open minded thinkers. To become a person of the capabilities and skills who is required by the present age, he must be able to access a lot of information and use what he has learned. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of curricula meanings of IB educational System and its implications. The main reason of this study is to explore the signification of IB curriculum, the relevance of IB educational system and backward design by analyzing the previous educational implications and the discussions.
Planning a Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Curriculum for Young Children: A Collaborative Project for Pre-service Teacher Education

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics or STEM is one of the important innovations currently implemented in Philippine education. This is in recognition of the importance of STEM education for the development of learner. This study focuses on how to plan a STEM curriculum for young children. It aims to present the result of a study conducted in one-semester undergraduate class on STEM for Young Children that was offered for second year and third year pre-service teacher education students. The classes were used to train pre-service teacher education students to plan curriculum and instruction for STEM for young children. The results of the study includes (1) things to consider in developing STEM curriculum, (2) criteria for selecting STEM activities, (3) content standards for STEM curriculum, (4) important skills to be developed, and (5) criteria for selecting instructional materials. Planning a STEM curriculum for young children can be an alternative program to develop gifted potentials of young Filipino learners.
Thai Handwriting Beautification using Golden Ratio

The paper proposes a technique for adjusting and rearranging written Thai sentences, towards a more beautiful grouping. It also improves reading performance. There are several issues that effects the reading performance. For example, Thai words and Thai sentences consists of different sizes, shapes from drawing simple to complex characters. When forming a sentence, penmanship will fall outside of the average mean, making reading difficult. Our proposed formula from the Golden Ratio can be applied. After computing, the value outside one standard deviation will be adjusted closer to the mean. Resulting in beautification and a more consolidated list.
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN KATA KETERANGAN DERAJAT BAHASA MANDARIN DAN BAHASA INDONESIA

Both modern Chinese and Bahasa have adverbs in common. In adverb, adverb of degree plays an important role in grammar as well as to express level of degree itself. Although there are a few of them, only around a dozen are being used frequently. Main usage of Chinese degree adverb is to qualify psychological verb, adjective and also noun. Main usage of Bahasa degree adverb is to adverbial. The position of Bahasa degree adverb is so ﬂexible that can be used in before and after subject, or in the last sentence. There are similarities and also diﬀerences in the usage from both Chinese and Bahasa. Thus, in the process of learning the adverb of degree in Chinese, foreign student or in this case Indonesian students fnd it a little hard to understand. Indonesian students who learn Chinese usually make bias or error during the learning adverb of degree. These bias and error would inﬂuence the accuracy of expression used directly. The author will analyze degree adverb’s the similarities and diﬀerences using literature collection method in this research. At the same time, for Indonesian students learning degree adverb aspect put forward more suitable teaching and studying suggestions. Based on that, the author will only focus on commonly used adverb of degree such as “very, highly, extremely, to what extent, rather, too, fully, most, more, and a little”, to minimalize the bias that the students make. There are explanations in every example for using Chinese and Bahasa degree adverb. The author hopes this research can help Indonesian students to learn Chinese adverbs of degree further
THE INFLUENCE OF USING ENGLISH VIDEO LEARNING MATERIAL ON THE STUDENTS’ LISTENING ACHIEVEMENT (AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AT THE STATE VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL FOR FISHERY OF LADONG)

This quasi-experimental research was carried out to discover the influence of using English video learning materials in enhancing the listening achievement of the second year students of the State Vocational High School for Fishery of Ladong in 2018. The study focused on two points namely, (1) figuring out the listening achievement of the students, who were taught by the aforementioned media and learning activity (experimental group) and the students, who were taught by applying audiotape (control group), and (2) describing the students’ attitude against the implementation of English videos in listening class. By applying random sampling, the subjects of this research were the students of Technology of Aquaculture and Fishery B (experimental group) and the students of Technological Processing of Fishery Product (control group). This procedure was employed through homogeneity of the participants. To reveal the answer for the points above, two instruments – tests and questionnaire – were applied. Based on the result of data analysis, the first instrument exposed that the students in experimental group had a better listening achievement than those in control group. At a level of significance 0.05, the ttest score was higher than ttable score (8,44>1,684). Besides, the mean score of the experimental group (78,79) was higher than the mean score of the control one (53,75). Furthermore, based on the result of the questionnaire, almost 80% of the pupils in the experimental group agreed that English video learning materials in listening class could enhance their motivation, language use, grammar, speaking, and listening.
Designing enhanced Augmented Reality Tourism experiences: A Multi-Stakeholder Approach

Augmented reality (AR) has gained increased popularity in the tourism sector, for its ability to create enhanced tourist experiences. This, coupled with the proliferation of mobile technologies has increased pressure for tourism organisations to design enhanced tourist experiences. Whilst much research attention has focused on the potential of AR, exploring areas such as adoption, acceptance and usability, there is a lack in research identifying constructs to inform the design of valuable AR application experiences. Whilst research identifies the need for AR design to adopt a user-centred, rather than technology-driven approach, past studies have failed to address the needs of both internal and external stakeholder groups. To provide a holistic understanding, recognising differences in perception between stakeholder groups, a multi-stakeholder approach was adopted. A small museum in the UK is used to identify key constructs to inform the effective design of enhanced AR tourism experiences. Fifty interviews were held with five stakeholder groups, revealing four AR design constructs; visitor, organisational, stakeholder and economic value, in addition to a number of design themes. Findings reinforce the importance of stakeholder involvement, and outline constructs to inform the design of AR experiences, extending the existing pool of knowledge and bridging a gap in current research.
Retrospective Analysis of the Development of the Game Phenomenon (from Antiques to the Twentieth Century)

The game is a global and universal phenomenon, an integral part of life and any transformations and changes in the life of each person directly or indirectly correlate with the game factor. Retrospective analysis of the development of the game phenomenon is necessary for revealing and disclosing the internal unity of the various views on the game, the core of which is the philosophical and pedagogical idea of transforming the world through spiritual and moral growth and physical improvement of the personality, the formation of their humanistic and value orientations. In particular this applies to the process of training future teachers of physical training, whose activity is directly linked with the game phenomenon. To achieve this goal, a set of interrelated methods has been used, namely: analysis, synthesis and synthesis of scientific information on the problem of research, educational and methodological literature and Internet sources. In the views of thinkers of the earlier times, the game appears to be the necessary basis for all things, the fundamental phenomenon of being, in which the discovery and understanding of the essence of man is manifested. The game phenomenon reflects a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that is recognized by human through experience and comprehended at the sensual level. Modifying with each stage of the development of society, the game always keeps the manifestations of the phenomenon and is only inherent for itself a list of properties and qualities. Its leading features and essential characteristics are associated with such categories as activity, freedom, pleasure, convention, novelty, creation, universality, transformation and perfection.