An Analysis of Positive politeness strategies in Harry Potter and The Half-Blood Prince movie

Politeness is “behavior that respectful and considerate of other people,” it “refers to thebehaviors through which we routinely interact with the others (both linguistically and nonlinguistically) to effect a smooth, efficient, non-antagonistic, and mutually cooperative exchange.of ideas feelings, opinions, stances, and so forth. in accordance with the sets of social andcultural norms in which such interaction takes place, and typically taking into account the mutualmaintenance of the face of the interacting parties.” Susan Strauss & Parastou Feiz, (2014:244).Furthermore, there are four categories of politeness strategies stated by Brown and Levinson(1987), they are “the bald on record strategy, the positive politeness strategy, the negativepoliteness strategy, and bald off record strategy.” Then, positive politeness strategies have fifteenkinds, there are “notice, exaggerate, intensify interest to hearer, use in-group identity markers,seek agreement, avoid disagreement, presuppose, joke, assert or presuppose speaker’s knowledgeof and concern for hearer’s wants, offer/promise, be optimistic, include both speaker and hearerin the activity, give (or ask for) reasons, assume or assert reciprocity, give gifts to hearer.””Astudy politeness is very interesting because it is one of the aspects of the language. In thisresearch, the writer will discuss about positive politeness strategies. The writer hopes, thisresearch can help the reader to give information about the positive politeness and can get betterunderstanding about a politeness and use politeness in a daily conversation. This research givescontribution in linguistic fields for next who want to analyze about politeness especially aboutpositive politeness and also it will give an additional knowledge to them who are interested aboutpositive politeness. And it can increase knowledge between the writer and the readers in studyingpragmatics and also linguistics.In this research, the methodology used were qualitative method that refers to“the processof inquiry to understand social or human problems based on building holistic and compleximages, formed with words, without using numbers or statistic. Then, the writer used pragmaticsdiscourse analysis approach in analyzing the data. The steps to in collecting the data werewatching the movie to finds some the data that used the strategies of positive politenessstrategies. From the movie, it was found a number of utterances that expressed of positivepoliteness strategies that used by the character in “Harry Potter and The Half-Blood Prince”movie.The writer formulates some research questions: “What are the strategies used by the maincharacters to express positive politeness in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince movie? Whatfactor influences the character to employ those strategies in the movie?” The object that thewriter found on the research is 20 data. The data that the writer found is 14 strategies from 15strategies in the movie, they are““notice, exaggerate, intensify interest to hearer, use in-groupidentity markers, seek agreement, avoid disagreement, presuppose, joke, offer/promise, beoptimistic, include both speaker and hearer in the activity, give (or ask for) reasons, assume orassert reciprocity, give gifts to hearer.”This section the writer describes and showing the data that has been found in the movie.First, the writer found fourteen strategies of positive politeness strategies used by the character.Secondly, the writer explain the factor influence the characters to employ those strategy in themovie. For example the writer found the data number 1 that is notice, in minutes (28:32 -28:56).“Would you like me to fix it for you? Personally, I think you look a bit more... devil” in theconversation showed that Luna used a type of positive politeness strategy namely notice,interests, wants, needs, and goods of notification hearers. In this conversation situation betweenLuna and Harry, it is clear from the way Luna said do you want me to fix it for you? Personally,I think you look a little more ... devil in the conversation, Luna conveyed to Harry and noticedHarry's bad condition because Harry's nose is broken, because stepped on by Malfoy, becauseluna has empathy to Harry then Luna offers to fix his nose, Harry also doubts that Luna neverfixes his nose, but Harry accepts an offer from Luna, and Luna does it to fix Harry's nose, andthe result is Harry's nose returns to normal and say thanks to Luna. Factor influences that “Lunauses the strategy because she was influence by several factors, namely payoff and SocialDistance.” She uses a positive politeness strategy by minimizing FTA and convincing Harry thatshe wants to fulfill the listener's desires. In social distance they have a close relationship.Then, the writer found 14 strategies of positive politeness strategies used by the characters inthe movie, for example notice, exaggerate, intensify interest to hearer, and using in groupidentity.“Based on the data analysis, the strategies used influenced by factor influence, such aspayoff, relevant circumstances. The use of the positive politeness strategy, the speaker canminimize the FTA by convincing the hearer that the speaker thinks he is the same, that thespeaker likes the hearer and wants to fulfill the hearer's wishes.” Speakers can avoid or minimizeFTAs such as requests and offers. This factor is almost found in all data. Another factor is the“relevant circumstances of social distance (D) and relative power (P). From the results of theanalysis, there are factors that are influenced by the character using positive politeness strategies.’Keyword: Positive politeness, types of positive politeness strategies, factor influence.