Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
The effect of unprovoked eye movements during visual working memory retention

Visual working memory is a limited-capacity system which can represent information over brief time periods in the absence of the visual stimuli. How the mechanisms responsible for this working memory maintenance relate to the systems of visual attention that are involved in eye movement generation has long been investigated. However, the vast majority of this research has measured memory performance under a steady-fixation condition compared to other conditions that either required eye movements or intentionally induced eye movements by presenting stimuli. In the current experiment, our goal was to examine the natural occurrence of eye movements in a VWM task in which participants were given no specific instructions regarding eye movement behavior. Participants completed a typical visual working memory task in which a number of colored squares (2, 4, or 6) appeared briefly. After a 1-second delay period, a single item reappeared and participants had to judge whether its color was the same or different as the object previously at that location. In a critical analysis, we examined the mean number of eye movements that occurred during the blank delay period as a function of subsequent accuracy. Trials that were ultimately correct had significantly fewer unprovoked eye movements during the delay than those trials that were ultimately inaccurate. Generally, this finding supports overlap between some component of eye movement generation and/or production and memory maintenance. Such differences in eye movement behavior across trials and between participants may be an important contributor to working memory performance overall. However, the degree to which this behavior is strategic will require further investigation.
Neural coding of non-visual properties inferred from images of natural scene

When people see an image of a natural scene, they can extract non-visual properties from the visual stimulus: Is the depicted environment likely to be hot or cold? Is it noisy or quiet? How are these properties represented in the brain, and how do their representations compared to those elicited by actual sensations of the same non-visual properties? In the present study, we address these questions using fMRI. Twenty participants saw images of natural scene while their brain activity was recorded. The scene images were selected so that their thermal (hot versus cold) and auditory (noisy versus quiet) features were orthogonal to their basic-level categories. To examine how thermal and auditory information is represented in the brain, we performed a leave-one-run-out classification analysis using neural activity patterns. We found that non-visual properties inferred from images could be decoded from the sensory cortices that are dedicated to their direct senses (auditory or thermal) and also from regions in prefrontal cortex (PFC). Thermal features inferred from images could be decoded from the post-central gyrus, which is known to process thermal sensations, and from the inferior prefrontal gyrus (IFG) opercularis. We were able to decode auditory features from the superior temporal gyrus, which processes auditory information, and also from IFG opercularis and IFG orbitalis. Furthermore, neural representations of inferred non-visual cues in prefrontal regions are similar to those elicited by direct stimulation with sounds and thermal stimuli, respectively. These findings indicate that non-visual properties inferred from images evoke similar neural activation patterns as direct sensations in PFC. Together, the current study demonstrates that non-visual aspects of visual stimuli are represented in the brain areas that are not exclusively dedicated to vision.
The Mediating Influence of Employee Job Engagement on Corporate Social Responsibility and Job Satisfaction Relationship: The Case of Telecommunication Sector of Jordan

A variety of favourable work-related outcomes such as job satisfaction (JS) is believed to be an outcome of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practises. However, the process in which such outcomes are promoted still needs to be addressed. Therefore, this study suggests employee job engagement (EJE) as a mediator in this process. To test the suggested model, a quantitative descriptive approach was adopted, and data were collected from 279 respondents who operate in the telecommunication sector through simple random sampling using a self-administered questionnaire. Structural Equation Modelling-Analysis of Moment Structures (SEM-AMOS) was employed to confirm the measurement model. The structural model was tested, and the result indicated that CSR accounted for 48% of the variance in JS and 38% of the variance in EJE. Moreover, through online Sobel Test, EJE was found to partially mediate the relationship between CSR and JS. Following the result, suggestions were provided, and directions in the light of study limitations were provided.
Wroclaw Corpus of Consumer Reviews Sentiment (WCCRS)

Wroclaw Corpus of Consumer Reviews is a corpus of Polish reviews annotated with sentiment at the level of the whole text (*text*) and at the level of sentences (*sentence*) for the following domains: hotels, medicine, products and university (reviews*). Sentences are annotated with sentiment only for hotels and medicine. Each *sentence* file contains a single sentence with a sentiment __label__z_X and each *text* file contains a single review with a sentiment __label__meta_X. Regardless a resource type, X can be: minus_m -- strong negative; minus_s -- weak negative, zero -- neutral, amb -- ambiguous, plus_s -- weak positive, plus_m -- strong positive. *all* sets are groups of all domains within each text/sentence type. Train/dev/test divisions were used for the evaluation. Results are available in the following paper:@InProceedings{Kocon2019, Title = {{Multi-level analysis and recognition of the text sentiment on the example of consumer opinions}}, Author = {Koco{\'n}, Jan and Zaśko-Zielinska, Monika and Milkowski, Piotr}, Booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, RANLP 2019}, Year = {2019},}Please cite this paper if you use this resource.
Visual Patterns in Reading Tasks: An Eye-Tracking Analysis of Meares-Irlen Syndrome Simulation Effects

This work investigates reading patterns based on effects of the Meares-Irlen Syndrome (SMI), a visual-perception deﬁcit that affects indirectly our cognitive system. The most common symptoms related to SMI in reading tasks are visual stress, sensation of moving letters and distortions in the text. These effects have been computationally simulated here and using eye-tracking information of a number of participants we have been able to linearly classify each effects with high accuracy.
Cloud-OM Patching: A Novel Video Stream Scheduling Scheme based on Hybrid Cloud-Overlay Architecture

Patching is an effective multicast video stream scheduling technology that provides "real" VoD services.However, patching streams cannot be shared by other users, resulting in insufficient server scalability.In addition, IP multicast cannot be deployed on the Internet in a large scale; thus, the application of multicast stream scheduling technology is limited.Based on the above problems, this paper first proposes a hybrid cloud-overlay multicast architecture based on overlay network and cloud computing.It consists of three parts: cloud layer, overlay layer, and monitoring layer.Then, based on this architecture, a Cloud-OM patching stream scheduling algorithm is proposed, which combines patching stream sharing and multicast tree level time difference cache sharing technology.The experimental results show that Cloud-OM patching can effectively reduce the server bandwidth requirements and has better performance than standard patching, double patching, and batched patching, especially for popular videos.
Temporal Boundary Extension in the Representation of Actions

We sometimes remember more than what we have seen: in the Boundary Extension effect we remember a wider view of a scene than the original image. We examined temporal boundary extension (TBE) in action perception: do observers remember seeing more frames of a movie than was shown? In Experiment 1, observers viewed short YouTube movies of solo actions, human-object interactions, or human-human interactions. After a mask, a test clip was shown from either long before the start of the first movie, right before the start, right at the start, halfway through middle, right before the end, right after the end, or long after the end. Observers reported their confidence in whether or not the test clip was seen in the first movie. We found more false memories for test clips of single actors for events before the movie started, and more false memories for clips of human interactions of events from after the movie ended. Memories of events were extended to the past for solo actions, but extended to the future for interactive activities. As a control condition, the same movies and test clips were also shown backward in time, which revealed no difference between the movie types, suggesting that extension was not due to local motion prediction. In Experiment 2, we used point-light actors without scene backgrounds. Videos depicted either two people performing one of four interactions or only showed one of the two individuals in action. As in Exp. 1, backward TBE to the past was observed for solo actions, while forward TBE to the future for two-person actions. These results suggest that action representations encoded in memory are extrapolated beyond the visual input, and the temporal direction of such extrapolation depends on the degree of action prediction evoked by the stimuli.
Qohelet Euporia: a Domain specific Language for the Encoding of the critical Apparatus

Encoding multilingual variant readings is time-consuming and error-prone. The guidelines provided by the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) ensure data interchange, but the XML-TEI verbosity is at risk of distracting annotators with a traditional background in philological studies from their critical activity. We illustrate how a Domain Specific Language (DSL) facilitates both the manual annotation of the critical apparatus and the data interchange. Our case study is based on the multilingual tradition of the biblical book of Qohelet, which has been annotated through the annotation tool based on DSLs named Euporia.
Pedagogical support of the spiritual and moral development of an individual: to the problem of understanding terminology

С. Ю. Дивногорцева, С
Abstraction in Software Patents (and How to Fix It)

Software has long posed a quandary for patent law. As many have observed, software is an abstract technology — but abstract ideas are supposedly ineligible for patenting. This Article explores just what that means, what it doesn’t mean, and what might fix the problem of abstraction in software patents. This Article offers two related ways to understand the abstract nature of software. First, computer science defines itself as a “science of abstraction,” and that self-definition finds real doctrinal purchase. Second, software code is designed to be what the doctrine calls “functional” — to describe abstract results that can be executed on heterogenous hardware without regard to how the results are achieved. Because software is functional, claims to software must necessarily also be functional. But functional claiming is exactly what the doctrine forbids.This Article also examines and refutes a third reason some have offered: the idea that software algorithms are “just math.” Algorithms involve math and can be described by math, but they are not themselves math. In fact, this Article proposes that the way to fix software patents is to require patentees to claim algorithms — concrete algorithms, written in pseudocode, just as they would communicate their invention to other programmers.
Understanding fully-connected and convolution allayers in unsupervised learning using face images

The goal of this paper is to implement and compare two unsupervised models of deep learning: Autoencoder and Convolutional Autoencoder. These neural network models have been trained to learn regularities in well-framed face images with different facial expressions. The Autoencoder's basic topology is addressed here, composed of encoding and decoding multilayers. This paper approaches these automatic codings using multivariate statistics to visually understand the bottleneck differences between the fully-connected and convolutional layers and the corresponding importance of the dropout strategy when applied in a model.
ANALISIS KETERAMPILAN MENULIS SURAT RESMI MAHASISWA PGSD FKIP UNIVERSITAS RIAU

This research is a descriptive quantitative research. The purpose of this research is to describe the skills of PGSD FKIP Riau University students in writing official letters. The data collection technique is writing test. The validity of the research has been validated by experts. The sample in this study was 78 students from the 2016 to 2018 class of PGSD FKIP Riau University students. The skills of PGSD FKIP students of the University of Riau were analyzed by using categories from 12 predetermined aspects. The results show that the average of completeness of the letter parts aspect was 94.87 with a very good category, the average of writing a letter head aspect was 69.87 with a good category, the average of the letter date aspect was 79.80 with a good category, the average number of the letter aspect was 75.32 with a good category, the average of the attachment aspect was 95.19 with a very good category, the average of things / subject aspect was 89.74 with a very good category, the average of the address letter aspect was 78.52 with a good category, the average of the greeting aspect was 75.96 with a good category, the average of the contents of the letter aspect was 90.06 with a very good category, the average of closing greetings aspect was 51.28 with a moderate category, the average of writing the name of the sender aspect was 78.20 with a good category, the average of using sentences aspect was 59.61 with a moderate category. From these results, the overall average was 78.205 with a good category. This shows that the skills of writing an official letter from PGSD FKIP Riau University students are good.
Efektifitas Pembelajaran E-Learning Berbasis Schoology Pada Mata Kuliah Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Tik Mahasiswa Pendidikan Akuntansi Ums

The research aims to describe : 1)the implementation of schoology based e-learning in teaching-learning process of learning media courses; 2) the impact of e-learning by using Schoology on learning media courses; 3) the ffectiveness of schoology based e-learning on learning media courses based Information Technology. The type of the research is qualitative research by using an ethnographic approach particularly descriptive analytic. The results of the study are: 1) The implementation of schoologyas a supporting media in the learning process; the implementation of schoology is applied as a media to collect learner assignment, product, as a media to share the learning material and as a medium for assigning assignments along with terms of assignments; 2) The effect of the implementation of Schoology could create an enjoying learning, makethe learner easier in collecting assignments and obtaining learning material; comparatively, there are some obstaclesfound in implementing Schoology, which includes the weak internet signal connections in several regions and a lack of understanding of the features in schoology applications by students; 3)Schoology make the learner easier to learn while applied as a learning media on learning media courses.
Kompetensi Sosio-Emosional Peserta Didik Berbakat dalam Setting Pendidikan Inklusi

SOCIO-EMOTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS IN THE INCLUSIVE EDUCATION SETTING. The study aims to know the level of emotional-social competencies of gifted students and their implications for the program of appropriate personal-social guidance services to help gifted students improve emotional-social competence. Descriptive research methods were chosen to provide an overview of the phenomena that occur in the field. The research was carried out at Bandung Public High School 4 with the first high school background to carry out inclusive education. The sampling process is done by purposive sampling approach, with the meaning of the sample in the study selected based on predetermined criteria, namely based on the level of intelligence, creativity, and endurance of students who are above the average ability of students in general. The number of samples involved in the study amounted to 39 gifted students of class X in the academic year 2015/2016. Research to measure students' emotional-social competencies in addition to involving personal assessment, also involves peers and teachers who know gifted students. The results showed that the social-emotional competencies of gifted students were generally at the level of competency or were on average abilities based on personal, peer, and teacher ratings. Also, the results of the research were used as the basis for the preparation of a personal social program. The results of the program validation test show that the design of the program is considered feasible to implement.
Evolution of decision weights and eye movements through learning in visual search

An important component of perceptual learning in complex visual environments is the dynamic optimization of eye movements to maximize the acquisition of visual information. Here, we investigate how the temporal evolution of eye movements and perceptual decision weights results in performance improvements. We used a new classification image - based method to estimate and visualize how observers dynamically vary the parts of the search stimulus used for perceptual decisions on each trial and compare it to eye movements across trials. Further, a Bayesian model observer that predicts the next saccade location from a history of previous stimuli and responses was used to analyze constrains in (1) memory and (2) spatial sampling. The stimuli were 16 Gabor patches on a virtual ring (radius 5.8 degrees). The contrast of each patch was randomly varied on each trial. Observers’ task was to detect a contrast increment (50% target present trials) in one patch. Stimulus duration was 300 ms, allowing for one or two saccades to the target. Observers knew that the target patch was at the same, randomized, location for a learning block of 300 trials. The landing points of the first saccade on every trial were extracted. Decision weights for each location were estimated by a maximum likelihood method that uses a history of stimulus values and responses. In the initial trials of the learning block observers used explorative search patterns. Then, after typically 50 – 100 trials, observers repetitively fixated to a single location that often but not always contained the target. The results show a close correspondence between estimated decision weights and saccade locations. A model observer with rather long trial memory and foveated vision could best predict subsequent saccade locations. Together this suggests dynamic and common representations mediating eye movement and perceptual decision learning.
An Analysis of English Teachers’ Speaking Skill at the Coastal Schools in Bengkulu City

This study aims to illustrate the speaking skills of English teachers on the coastal school of Bengkulu City as well as the factors that influence the speaking skills. This research was a descriptive-qualitative research which was also a continuation of previous research on students' speaking skills in the coastal area. The subjects of this study were English teachers who attended school, namely English teachers at SMAN 6 Kota Bengkulu, SMAN I Kota Bengkulu and SMAN 7 Plus Kota Bengkulu, SMPN 7 Kota Bengkulu, SMPN 1 Kota Bengkulu, SMPIT Iqra 'Kota Bengkulu, SMPN 15 Kota Bengkulu. Data that has been obtained in the form of audio-visual recordings when the teacher spoke English, as well as an interview recording related to the speaking skills of the English teacher. The data obtained were analyzed, interpreted and concluded as findings by using the Interactive Model technique namely reduction, display, drawing a conclusion. The results of this study indicated that the English teachers’ speaking skills at the Bengkulu City coastal school was at a moderate level. Fluency in speaking was the main problem faced by these teachers. In addition, grammar also became an obstacle for them. While the identified factors that couldinfluence the English teacher's speaking skills were the internal factors of English teachers themselves who often used Indonesian language when teaching rather than English itself with the reason that children would easily understand the message or subject matter when compared to English. In addition, curriculum change as an external factor was also a reason for English teachers not to speak English much in class with the latest curriculum consideration, namely the 2013 Curriculum requires active students, not teachers
Adversarial Variational Domain Adaptation.

In this work we address the problem of transferring knowledge obtained from a vast annotated source domain to a low labeled target domain. We propose Adversarial Variational Domain Adaptation (AVDA), a semi-supervised domain adaptation method based on deep variational embedded representations. We use approximate inference and domain adversarial methods to map samples from source and target domains into an aligned class-dependent embedding defined as a Gaussian Mixture Model. AVDA works as a classifier and considers a generative model that helps this classification. We used digits dataset for experimentation. Our results show that on a semi-supervised few-shot scenario our model outperforms previous methods in most of the adaptation tasks, even using a fewer number of labeled samples per class on target domain.
ANALISIS KEKAMBUHAN ORANG DENGAN SKIZOFRENIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL

Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder characterized by major disorders in the mind and emotions. People with schizophrenia (ODS) can experience recurrence if they do not receive proper care. The latent variable used in this study was ODS reccurence. One method that can determine the relationship between latent variables and latent variables with the indicator is the partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM). This study was conducted to see how the structural model of ODS recurrence data and to know the factors that most influence ODS recurrence. The results of this study concluded that the resulting model was good enough with a large R-square value of 0.8577, but not all variables used in this study had a significant effect on ODS recurrence. ODS recurrence is significantly influenced by family support and community social support variables. While medication compliance and physician control regularity will not have a significant effect without family support. The worse treatment of families and communities around ODS recurrence will occur more often.
Issues reproducing handshake on mobile phone cameras

This work was carried out to serve two purposes:&#x2022; Create and share a single motion profile that emulates the handshake of a population of mobile phone users taking still photos under real life conditions.&#x2022; Describe the validation procedure required to ensure the high fidelity motion platform chosen can correctly reproduce the proposed motion profile.By means of psychophysical testing, we examined the frequency and spatial characteristics of human handshake, based on which we created synthetic handshake profile with very similar properties.We demonstrate how the proposed motion trace correlates extremely well with real handshake and why using a realistic motion profile together with a high fidelity motion platform is crucially important in order to avoid disturbances not present with real users.