Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF LOSSLESS ALGORITHMS FOR DATA COMPRESSION

Nowadays the communication and exchange of information over the internet which includes sending e-mails, text messages via online apps e.g.messengers, has become the need of the hour.While transmitting the data, some of the critical aspects like size of message or file, need to deal with extreme precaution as these are very crucial.Furthermore, the transmitting time is directly proportional to the file size i.e. lesser file size always take less time.Compression techniques are used to decrease the size of the file, meanwhile not impacting the quality.This paper demonstrates that the use of two lossless compression techniques on images so that they become suitable for information security using the techniques like steganography, cryptography etc.Thus, the objective of the paper is to reduce the image size by using Huffman encoding and run-length encoding algorithms.The algorithms are implemented and the performances are analysed by evaluating the results on different parameters, such as compression ratio, compressed file size, and compression & decompression time.The paper is concluded with the analysis of the results obtained.
Service Quality of the Higher Vocational Education

Research Question: The paper will investigate the service quality of the higher education provided by the higher schools of vocational studies using SERVQUAL methodology. Motivation: The paper will show the characteristics of higher education of vocational studies, and it will point out the significance of creating and maintaining a quality management system in higher education institutions. The new reform of higher education in Serbia and establishment of academies of vocational studies are the main reasons why the question of service quality becomes one of the most important issues for higher education institutions and basis for competitive advantage, better image and reputation. Also, a growing competition on the higher education market and a smaller number of prospective students are also problems which higher vocational schools are faced with. Idea: The goal of this research is to find the differences between expected and perceived service quality. Furthermore, the paper will show if there are differences between perceived service quality among the students of different study years, as well as differences between the students with State scholarship and the self-funded students. Data: The research included 244 students of the first, second, and third years of bachelor studies from higher schools of vocational studies in Novi Sad, significant and the second-largest educational centre in the Republic of Serbia. Tools: Statistical methods used in this paper are frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, while the hypotheses are tested using the paired sample t-test, the independent t-test, and the one-factor variance analysis – ANOVA. Findings: The results of the research show that service quality of higher vocational education does not meet students' expectations (sig.&lt;0,001) and that the gap is negative for all dimensions of service quality (Tangibles (-.32), Reliability (-.52), Responsiveness (-.49), Assurance (-.33), and Empathy(-.26)). It is also shown by this research that there are no differences in higher education service quality based on the status of students (sig.&gt;0.05) and the year of studying (sig.&gt;0.05). Contribution: The results can be used as basis for introducing further measures to improve the quality of service provided by higher vocational institutions.
ERRORS AND MISTAKES FOUND IN NON- ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM STUDENTS WRITING PRODUCTS

This study focuses on students' errors that occur when asked to write simple present tense to non-English English study program students at a private university in the border area of West Kalimantan. Researchers conducted this research to get an overview of the causes of students making mistakes and errors in writing simple present tense.In analyzing the data, the researchers used qualitative research design to describe the various forms of errors or mistakes students when writing simple present tense. The data analysis in this study was taken from 120 Non-English Study program students.The researchers applied purposive sampling to determine the research subject.Based on the number of sampling of the research, the researchers analyzed 120 worksheets of the students translation task.Researchers found a total of 395 cases. The findings showed that all cases described in this study were categorized as errors. The researchers found that students failed to carry out their knowledge of the simple present tense.The most common errors found in this study, such as the rule of adding extra 's / es', the rule of using 'Tobe' and errors arising from the addition of 'Ving' can be minimized with regular writing practice. Keywords : Errors, Mistakes, Students writing Products
SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION: KRASHEN’S MONITOR MODEL AND THE NATURAL APPROACH

The second language can be defined as any other language which is learned or acquired after their first language or their mother tongue. Learning or acquiring a second language can be a difficult task for anybody that wishes to speak or write in a language other than their first language. Teachers should have the basic knowledge of second language acquisition theories to provide a comprehensive teaching and learning environment to students. One of the most applied and well-accepted theories is Stephen’s Krashen’s theory of second language acquisition. The present study was carried out as an observation on students to address the importance of Krashen’s Monitor Model and the Natural Approach in the stages of second language development to ensure effective teaching of the second language. The findings show that the cause of the input factor should be taken into consideration when teaching a second language/foreign language. The findings also indicated that cooperative learning can be a good method for students to get comprehensible input from their classmates.
Exploiting Sample Uncertainty for Domain Adaptive Person Re-Identification

Many unsupervised domain adaptive (UDA) person re-identification (ReID) approaches combine clustering-based pseudo-label prediction with feature fine-tuning. However, because of domain gap, the pseudo-labels are not always reliable and there are noisy/incorrect labels. This would mislead the feature representation learning and deteriorate the performance. In this paper, we propose to estimate and exploit the credibility of the assigned pseudo-label of each sample to alleviate the influence of noisy labels, by suppressing the contribution of noisy samples. We build our baseline framework using the mean teacher method together with an additional contrastive loss. We have observed that a sample with a wrong pseudo-label through clustering in general has a weaker consistency between the output of the mean teacher model and the student model. Based on this finding, we propose to exploit the uncertainty (measured by consistency levels) to evaluate the reliability of the pseudo-label of a sample and incorporate the uncertainty to re-weight its contribution within various ReID losses, including the identity (ID) classification loss per sample, the triplet loss, and the contrastive loss. Our uncertainty-guided optimization brings significant improvement and achieves the state-of-the-art performance on benchmark datasets.
Semantic-Guided Representation Enhancement for Self-supervised Monocular Trained Depth Estimation

Self-supervised depth estimation has shown its great effectiveness in producing high quality depth maps given only image sequences as input. However, its performance usually drops when estimating on border areas or objects with thin structures due to the limited depth representation ability. In this paper, we address this problem by proposing a semantic-guided depth representation enhancement method, which promotes both local and global depth feature representations by leveraging rich contextual information. In stead of a single depth network as used in conventional paradigms, we propose an extra semantic segmentation branch to offer extra contextual features for depth estimation. Based on this framework, we enhance the local feature representation by sampling and feeding the point-based features that locate on the semantic edges to an individual Semantic-guided Edge Enhancement module (SEEM), which is specifically designed for promoting depth estimation on the challenging semantic borders. Then, we improve the global feature representation by proposing a semantic-guided multi-level attention mechanism, which enhances the semantic and depth features by exploring pixel-wise correlations in the multi-level depth decoding scheme. Extensive experiments validate the distinct superiority of our method in capturing highly accurate depth on the challenging image areas such as semantic category borders and thin objects. Both quantitative and qualitative experiments on KITTI show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Student's Perception Towards Incorporation of Hello English in Vocabulary Learning

Purpose - The purpose of the article to know how does the learning process while incorporating Hello English application in vocabulary learning and to know how are student's perception towards incorporating Hello English in English vocabulary learning.&#x0D; Design/methodology/approach - Research design is used by the writer is qualitative research with narrative design. The research takes from 8th-grade students of SMPN 2 Serang Baru, Bekasi. In the data collection technique, the researcher uses an interview as a way of collecting data. In data analysis, there is four-step, that is data collection, data reduction, data presentation, verification and conclusion.&#x0D; Findings - In the result, the writer found that students’ perception towards incorporating of Hello English in vocabulary learning has positive perception for students as seen from their responses that the Hello English application is a very good application and use in English learning, especially in learning English vocabulary.&#x0D; Originality/value - Teachers must be creative to create or collaborate with application designs to make language learning applications. Because the problems and learning needs in every school are known only to the teachers who teach.&#x0D; Paper type – Research paper
The main directions of educational policy of Finland

The article deals with analyzing the main streams of the education policy in Finland, which reflect the relationship between a person and society in modern socio–economic conditions. Such policy directs the system of education to change the person and his mind himself. Finland using its education system, has long before been concerned about preparing people for the future by reforming approaches to teaching in schools and higher education institutions. As a result, it has achieved world–wide recognition and top positions in various ratings have resulted. Therefore, today there is a great interest of scientists in certain issues of education functioning in Finland. Thus, G. Androshchuk, V. Butova. I. Zhernokleeva, T. Pushkareva and others study in their works the purpose and decisive role of Finland's education policy in the development of the education system. S. Grinyuk and V. Zagvozdkin pay attention to the practical the steps of reforming the Finnish system of education. T. Drobyshevsk investigates the system of providing educational services in Finland as a sector of knowledge production. L. Volynets, P. Kukharchuk consider the principles of the state education policy of Finland. L. Smolskaya examines the role of the state policy in implementing the "Finnish phenomenon"; P. Basyliuk and Yu. Kulykova, focus attention on the study of the evolution of the system of higher education in Finland; O. Scherbak reveals peculiarities of vocational education and training.
Innovative approaches to foreign language teaching in Russian universities

The article considers an innovative approach to teaching foreign languages in higher learning institutions, which is prompted by the forthcoming structural reform of higher education in Russia. The essence of this innovative method is peer learning. Integrating this method into foreign language classes has a number of advantages. First of all, it gives opportunities for students to share their experience and knowledge with each other without any concerns over the age difference. Then, it allows them to prove their language skills. Finally, it provides a sense of self-esteem: our data indicate that students feel more confident and self-aware when they demonstrate their expertise participating in cooperative learning tasks in a foreign language. So the primary concept of peer learning is that changing their knowledge students learn from each other. The article provides effective teaching techniques of implementing individual and group work through peer learning strategy and describes some cooperative learning situations which can improve students’ proficiency in English.
A Tool to Extract Structured Data from GitHub.

GitHub repositories consist of various detailed information about the project contributors, the number of commits and its contributors, releases, pull requests, programming languages, and issues. However, no systematic dataset of open source projects exists which features detailed information about the repositories on GitHub for knowledge acquisition and mining. In this paper, we developed tool support, named GitRepository, which helps in creating a data-set of repositories based on the proposed schema. Out of initial 1680 repositories, the dataset hosts 620 repositories (with applied basic filters of stars and forks), and 247 repositories (after applying all pre-defined filters). The tool extracts the information of GitHub repositories and saves the data in the form of CSV. files and a database (.DB) file.
Students' Collaborative Writing Method in Pre-Writing Phase

In a pre-writing phase, students need their creativity to put ideas into words. Students need to use what they listen to and what they read as information to start to write. This study reports the findings on the implementation of the collaborative writing method by an English teacher in teaching writing in the pre-writing phase and students' perceptions in the pre-writing phase using the collaborative writing method. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. Participants in this study were nine students and teachers at SMK in Karawang. Data collection was carried out through reflective journals, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study found that the collaborative writing method was an effective method for use in writing classes. The collaborative writing method can be implemented in teaching writing in the pre-writing phase. The results showed that the students were very enthusiastic, interested, and made the learning process fast. Students' perceptions of learning to write in the pre-writing phase using the collaborative writing method are that students find it easier to express their thoughts in the learning process and there is cooperation in groups that accelerate the time when doing their assignments helps them during the learning process.
Socio-cultural integration in the youth environment: the high school experience

The priority directions of the spiritual and moral components of the personality formation are characterized in the article, the effectiveness of the program of conducting educational events at different levels with the higher education students’ participation is being investigated. In the article it is proved that a harmonious system of educational work has been formed in the universities of Russia, including the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies and the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, within the framework of which a process of sociocultural integration of student youth is being introduced, not only by Russians of different nationalities, but by the representatives of other countries and continents. In this context, the role of the Youth Innovation Forums ("MIF") held annually on the basis of VGUIT in the Voronezh region is head lighted, which reached the regional level and included in its orbit not only students but also schoolchildren. The article presents the project of the educational program of the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute with emphasis on the Orthodox value use.
Nova-Wang at SemEval-2020 Task 12: OffensEmblert: An Ensemble ofOffensive Language Classifiers

This paper presents our contribution to the Offensive Language Classification Task (English SubTask A) of Semeval 2020.We propose different Bert models trained on several offensive language classification and profanity datasets, and combine their output predictions in an ensemble model.We experimented with different ensemble approaches, such as SVMs, Gradient boosting, AdaBoosting and Logistic Regression.We further propose an under-sampling approach of the current SOLID dataset, which removed the most uncertain partitions of the dataset, increasing the recall of the dataset.Our best model, an average ensemble of four different Bert models, achieved 11th place out of 82 participants with a macro F1 score of 0.
A Sentiment Analysis of Brazilian Elections Tweets

The internet connection is present in people’s lives all the time, through smartphones, tablets, computers, among others. The use of social networks is increasingly common around the world. Many companies and people use them to spread products and services and publish opinions, facts that have turned the social networks into powerful sources of information on various topics. Identifying these feelings is a great strategy for many types of decision making. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to collect messages from a specific social network, in this case Twitter, referring to the 2018 Brazilian presidential elections and classify them as: positive, negative and neutral, in order to discover a possible relationship between opinions of social network users and the final outcome of the elections. For this, a corpus was built, preprocessed and evaluated by two different machine learning approaches: Naive Bayes and SVM (Support Vector Machine). The results showed that this social network is a good source of information to perform sentiment analysis and that the number of tweets classified as positive have a strong relationship with the researchers and the final result of the 2018 elections.
The problem of humanitarian assessment in social, emotional and ethical learning

Introduction. The authors investigate the nature of assessment in social, emotional and ethical learning (SEE learning). The aim of this research is to develop the key principles of assessment for designing an assessment model in social, emotional and ethical learning - a new educational framework, based on the general understanding of humanitarian assessment and the specific clarification of SEE learning as an innovative educational phenomenon. Materials and Methods. The research methodology is determined by the nature of the present stage of the research. It includes analytical work in such fields of study as philosophy of education and theoretical educational research, and is based on generally used approaches and methods of the relevant academic areas, in particular: general philosophical analysis, socio-philosophical analysis, phenomenological approach, dialectical method, typology and clarification approaches, complex analysis of paradigmatic components of educational programs, reviewing psychological and educational literature, and educational modeling. Results. The authors identified the SEE learning typology as a phenomenon of the humanitarian education paradigm in the 21st century and revealed characteristics determined by its genesis and structure, covering a number of areas. The authors clarified the phenomenon of humanitarian assessment by means of explaining the contradictions in the nature of assessment and the influence of the educational paradigm on the assessment. Based on the obtained understanding and analysis of existing research investigations in the field of assessing and social-emotional learning, the authors identified general principles of humanitarian assessment within the framework of SEE learning, and developed a number of preliminary specific decisions regarding assessment in SEE learning, intended for the future assessment model of social-emotional-ethical education. Conclusions. The article concludes that the SEE learning assessment model should be determined by the humanitarian paradigm and rely on fundamental principles of humanitarian assessment. Keywords Social-Emotional and ethical learning; Emotional intelligence; Humanitarian assessment; Humanistic paradigm; Person-centered philosophical and anthropological perspective.
Kinetics and Scene Features for Intent Detection

We create multi-modal fusion models to predict relational classes within entities in free-form inputs such as unseen movies. Our approach identifies information rich features within individual sources -- emotion, text-attention, age, gender, and contextual background object tracking. These information are absorbed and contrasted from baseline fusion architectures. These five models then showcase future research areas on this challenging problem of relational knowledge extraction from movies and free-form multi-modal input sources. We find that, generally, the Kinetics model added with Attributes and Objects beat the baseline models.
Development of Literacy in Islamic Education in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era for Elementary School

The challenges of education during the Corona Virus Diseases (COVID-19) pandemic are increasingly complex. The internalization process of literacy activities needs to be improved in an effort to improve the quality of human resources in the global realm. This research aims to explore strategies in improving the literacy of students during COVID-19 and the problems faced by teachers during the literacy development process at Mutiara Hati Elementary School in Malang, Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study methods. The data source was taken using observation, interview and documentation with data analysis techniques using triangulation techniques with three stages; collection, reduction, and conclusion. The results showed four strategies can be done to improve literacy activities that, strategies used can be done to improve the literacy culture of students through four ways; webinar activities, ongoing mentoring, work monitoring and distribution of students' literacy results. While in the problematic aspects faced by teachers there are three aspects, namely the limitations of competency in designing media, the limitations of discussion space on the work of students and the lack of supporting facilities to monitor the work of students. The findings of this study have manifestly shown that the integration of media, strategies and competencies of ideal teachers can provide positive output for creativity and critical thought processes of students in making work. This study recommends further research to test the effectiveness of literacy activities and the use of broader research methods of reach and problematic solving faced by teachers.