Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A PERSPECTIVE OF STUDENTS ON FEEDBACK IN ONLINE EDUCATION

Feedback is undoubtedly a very important element in the general structure of the training and learning process, the peremptory proof of importance being the principle of feedback or reverse connection, listed in the current pedagogical or didactic literature. Efficient use of feedback in teaching-learning activity is conditioned by a series of variables, among which are found the elements of specificity, the functions of feedback, its forms and, last but not least, the concrete means by which it can be achieved. The pandemic context generates the problem of a paradigm shift in terms of feedback management, a rethinking and a repositioning of it in the general configuration of the training and learning process. In other words, they need to be reviewed. The main question that formed the basis of this study is: What is the students' perception of the feedback, both in terms of personal experience, but also that of the training specialist for the teaching profession? To formulate an answer to this question, a questionnaire was applied to a group of 80 students from the Pedagogy of Primary and Preschool Education program. Years 2 and 3 were selected, for two reasons: on the one hand, to have a psycho-pedagogical knowledge base that would allow them to formulate pertinent opinions and, on the other hand, to have a comparative reference, having in view that they have completed at least one semester of university studies in face-to-face education. The results show that students' perceptions of feedback in online education are relatively different.
MOODLE AS A BASE FOR UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF E-LEARNING AND FORMATION OF ELECTRONIC INFORMATION EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

In global educational reality the formation of electronic educational environment stands out to be the foundation of any modern educational system. A feature of a current stage of the electronic information and educational environment development and the near future is the powerful impact of the world's information educational resources on the educational environment of an educational institution. Changes in the economic and social life of society, the rapid development of information technologies, changes in the labor market regarding general issues of employment all these processes significantly affect the formation of the modern information educational environment of an educational institution and its role in the education system. All these processes are aimed at developing new approaches to the formation of an educational institution's electronic information and educational environment. The key features of the new approach are the integration of educational resources with other participants in the educational space, openness, transition to new innovative technologies, and a change in the teacher's role. The article deals with the problem of optimizing the learning process and organizing students' independent work by means of electronic environment. The experience of using Moodle electronic environment in blended learning of professional foreign language of the second year students of Computer Engineering at Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University is presented. The elements of this environment were considered and its main advantages and some disadvantages were identified, the role of teacher and student when working with electronic environment was defined. A questionnaire survey was conducted and some peculiarities of using e-course in the learning process were identified.
ANIMATION USED AS DIDACTIC METHOD OF TEACHING-LEARNING

Most people associate learning with the formal education provided by schools, high schools and universities; people expect to receive a "good education" from an early age. Generally speaking, it is true that formal learning, professional courses and training can maximize our potential, they can offer us satisfying and well-paid jobs, and they can amplify our success in the chosen career. However, formal education is not the only type of learning, many other opportunities can develop the knowledge and skills we need throughout life. Lifelong learning is based on creating and maintaining a positive attitude towards a lifelong education for both personal and professional development. Thus, the learning process is defined as an act that takes place throughout life, with or without our will, and involves choosing important information and continuously developing the gained knowledge. An animation is a tool that encourages the lifelong learning process and allows, regardless of age, the possibility to train and enhance learning through cognitive functions. This study aims to analyze the functionality of animation in the learning process, based on each age category. This paper presents the implications of animations and its areas of application. The amplitude of the way animations have started to monopolize fields related to media, gaming and science increases more and more, becoming more complex. In this context it is important to know the necessity of understanding the way animation is perceived in different fields and how useful it is she in transmitting a message. Animations in the learning process, are used to highlight different information from a wide range of topics.
OBJECTIVE ONLINE EVALUATION

The present work is part of a wider research project which aim is the obtaining of an evaluation as objective as possible, obligatory nowadays of on-line evaluation (with Moodle platform). Despite the fact that, at university level, spy software hasn't been integrated yet in Moodle platform, both teachers and students wish an evaluation as objective as possible meant to maintain their scholarships etc. The research is based on an investigation and a comparison of the grades got at programming tests on Moodle platform as well as the grades got at direct questions in online discussions. After the use of Bayesian Correlation between the two types of grades and the online questionnaires' analysis, we recommend a certain way to obtain an objective evaluation. The work offers an answer to the following questions: What combined ways ensure nowadays an objective evaluation? What supplementary preparation do teachers desire? What are the recommendations for the next evaluations? Lucrarea face parte dintr-un proiect mai mare de cercetare care urmareste obtinerea unei evalu?ri cat mai obiective, in cazul obligatoriu astazi al evaluarii online (cu platforma Moodle). Chiar daca la nivel universitar softurile de tip spy software nu sunt integrate inca in platforma Moodle, atat profesorii cat si studentii isi doresc o evaluare obiectiv?, pentru mentinerea burselor etc. Cercetarea are la baza o investigare si o comparare a notelor din testele programate pe platforma Moodle ?i notele ob?inute din intreb?ri adresate direct ?n discu?iile sincrone online. Dup? utilizarea Bayesian Correlation intre cele doua tipuri de note si analiza chestionarelor adresate online recomandam o cale de urmat pentru a ob?ine o evaluare obiectiv?. Lucrarea raspunde la intrebarile: Ce variate combinate duc in conditiile de astazi la obiectivitate in evaluare?, Ce pregatire suplimentar? isi doresc profesorii? Care sunt recomandarile pentru evaluarile viitoare? Toate aceste raspunsuri sunt formulate astfel incat profesorii sa se poata orienta, tinand cont de disciplina si de alte conditii personalizate, catre o evaluare in care nota sa reflecte pe deplin pregatirea studentului si a fie eliminate alte efecte secundare care pot aparea (incalcarea regulamentelor universitare etc.) . Platformele de timp LMS (Learning Management System) fiind astazi baza activitatilor de invatare si evaluare in universitati sunt cele care sunt vizate, in viitor, sa fie imbogatite cu programe ce folosesc inteligenta artificiala si monitorizeaza, de la distanta studentii, prin intermediul camerelor web si a microfoanelor. Peste 400 de universitati au apelat astazi la astfel de software-uri integrate platformei Moodle.
LEARNERS ENGAGEMENT IMPROVING AND FATIGUE PREVENTION MODEL BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF THEIR EYE MOVEMENT TRACES

In modern world the technologies permeates our daily lives. They have entered a wide range of our work and leisure areas. Technologies are continuing their expansion with rapid strides. It is quite clear that someone has to know these technologies and be able to use them. The knowledge society needs smart, intelligent, well-educated and trained professionals. Despite the progress made in improving an efficiency of the learning process, including an introduction of new digital teaching methodologies, pedagogical principles and models, the searching attempts for the new tools and approaches, in order to identify students' learning experiences, continues to attract the attention of education professionals. Eye tracking might be considered as the one of such approaches that could help assess the e-learning system users' experience. Learners' gaze data can give to researchers an important valuable information, ensure an understanding about information system users' learning preferences, e.g. the type and form of digital learning object, distraction parameters, and so on. These data may warn us also about learners' fatigue signs, hence, giving impetus to take appropriate measures to prevent such negative effect during knowledge acquisition process. This paper is dedicated to identify and propose the new technological training model based on the learners' gaze data in the digital learning environment, i.e. in learning management systems, expressed points and areas of interest there, time spent in them, as well as eye movements sequence. The article provides insights and offers suggestions for increasing users engagement in learning process and reducing or even preventing the effects of possible fatigue.
ON THE ISSUE OF DEFINITION OF HIGHER SCHOOL TEACHER PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE

As it is known, only specialists with high-level proficiency in informational culture and competence, are in demand in the intellectual labour market. A specialist of XXI century must be able to obtain, process and use information by means of computers, telecommunications and other tools. Therefore, nowadays we face the challenge of training a personality, who has skills to select the necessary information, systematize and acquire it at a high level. Such person needs to be current in the dramatically growing flow of information, and ready for life-long learning. As a result, under the rapid increase of informational flows and their large-scale use as a powerful means of communication, high priority is given to such challenges as educating intelligent people and implementing new technologies, based on the effective use of knowledge as a resource of the development of society. The paper focuses on the issues of building informational competence of higher school teachers for active use of information and telecommunication technologies, enabling them to work in the informational field more efficiently. The goal of the research is to identify approaches to building and enhancing sustainable informational competences of higher school teachers. To achieve this goal, the authors gave the definitions of such notions as 'professional competence' and 'informational competence'. The authors examine goals and objectives of the concept of economy and education development, which determine the need for personnel training to work in the sphere of digital economy in the Russian Federation. It is shown that due to their ability to work in the informational field, higher school teacher can significantly improve the level of students' training. It is assumed that the built basic informational competences, described in the paper, contribute to enhancing the level of higher school teacher professional competence.
THE IMPACT OF LEARNING THROUGH COGNITIVE LOAD ASSESSMENT AND EMOTIONAL STATE EVALUATION

The cognitive load (CL) and the emotion that encompasses each learning process, despite its type or level, represent very challenging aspects of a learning process, their assessment being difficult mainly due to the subjective appreciation. On the other hand, nowadays, students learn by spending the majority of their time on using digital devices. Therefore, analyzing the emotional state during learning, evaluating the visual effort, and assessing the cognitive load level, all induced by the use of software applications or electronic devices, becomes a necessity. Emotions are defined as mental and physiological sensorial states that influence human perception, thinking, experience, learning, behavior, and decision making. They are apprehended as a short and conscious experience characterized by an intense mental activity classified between negative or unpleasant and positive or pleasant feelings. Some peripheral physiological signals as heart rate, arterial pressure, electrodermal activity, or body temperature reflect the excitement level, but they're unable to decern the positivity and the negativity relative to a reference state. A student's concentration effort or its emotional state could be evaluated as well by using precise measurements of the pupil dimension of the blinking frequency or the eye movement. Instruction should aim to reduce the extrinsic CL and to optimize the intrinsic CL enhancing the learning relevant CL. Nevertheless, only EEG signals offer precise information concerning the emotional state and the CL level through sensors placed on the scalp according to the functioning of the cerebral lobes and their reactions to certain short-term or long-term stimuli. Recording and processing physiological signals or cerebral waves are some of the most explored solutions of the last decade that are leading to encouraging results. This paper mainly studies and illustrates some approaches to evaluating the cognitive load and emotional state of students during a learning process. Essentially, this paper focuses on elaborating experimental sessions, choosing the proper stimulus and equipment, exploiting adequate recording and preprocessing methods for the involved physiological information, and engaging artificial intelligence techniques for feature selection and data classification to achieve the best calibration, appreciation, and monitoring of a learning process.
Problem of perception of belles-lettres works with mythological structures by high school students

This article examines the perception of belles-lettres works with explicit mythological structures in Ukrainian literature by senior secondary school students. The integral perception of a belles-lettres text depends on the students’ understanding of the author’s mythological figurative language. The aim of the research is to define the problems of children’s perception of mythological structures by classification into levels, and further to propose some ways for improving intelligibility of such texts. The experimental work involved analysis and synthesis, a study of curricula and belles-lettres, and diagnostic questioning. The research was carried out during the academic years 2017- 2018 with 208 pupils in three general education institutions. The analysis corroborates the working hypothesis about the complicated nature of knowledge about the specificity of world outlook within the frame of a certain mythological system.
PREECLAMPSIA AND SECONDARY ILLNESSES RECOGNITION BASED ON LAYERED WEIGHTED NETWORKS

Preeclampsia is a disease which characterizes up to 10% of the pregnancies due to the elevated blood pressure that occurs during the third trimester of labor. As preeclampsia evolves into a severe condition, more factors should be taken into account. The paper proposes a three layered weighted network consisting of illnesses, symptoms and treatments. The network is used to determine the secondary illnesses of the pregnant women. The human disease and the symptom ontologies developed by the Northwestern University from the United States of America, offer information about the first two characteristics and they have been used at the creation phase of the corresponding layers. The treatments given by doctors build the third layer of the weighted network. The illnesses patterns are determined based on the three layer network. Some of the illnesses which characterize the presence of preeclampsia are constipation, cystitis, retinal detachment, lactic acidosis, hepatic coma, and the HELLP syndrome. Based on the analysis, it was proved that many patients have glomerular endotheliosis. In the severe cases of preeclampsia, hemolysis, and low platelets, a sign of HELPP syndrome, are some of the most often illnesses. Medical professionals are able to improve the existent layers of the considered network through the use of an intuitive graphical user interface. This also allows other doctors to learn and apply new principles while treating their patients who develop preeclampsia and further secondary diseases. The proposed solution enhances the illness definition, development and monitoring process, thus improving the lives of many pregnant women and their unborn children.
STOCK PRICE PREDICTIONS

E-learning, in most contexts, is becoming a more accessible and efficient method of training through which people could acquire new knowledge. Due the difference between epochs, reading and analysing the growing flow of information has become a very challenging task for financial professionals. It is known that fake news centered on stock price is the most pressing problem each of is facing in a radically altered media landscape. The conventional economic data news is one of the major drivers for financial markets. Moreover, news is becoming a major driver for market sentiment: there can be news related to macro finance. How can we solve some of the challenges of misinformation in the digital age? Visibly, the discontent has been fed by fears of: slowing economic progress, especially in rich societies, flattening social mobility, concerns about the future brought by shifts in technology, etc. This entire situation, fuelled by different fluctuations (e.g. stock price), is acutely expressed online (Social Media networks, journals on economical-financial issues, etc.) by means of popular anger and distrust of elites from financial economic branches. This paper will address the problem of correlating the open information provided by companies, economic publications, and social media rumours with impact on stock price. It includes a wide range of data that can be used for training, testing and evaluation of a model for Romanian. The aim of this study is to implement an innovative service able to predict potential falling or rising of stock prices for public and private companies.
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF ELABORATION OF PRINCIPLES, FUNCTIONS AND TOOLS FOR ASSESSING QUALITY OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION BY MEANS OF ICT

Issues of students' knowledge assessment remain the most debatable ones. The article focuses on theoretical and practical aspects of elaboration of principles, functions and tools of assessing students' learning activities with the use of ICT. The article describes principles, functions, tools and criteria of assessing students of higher educational institutions, their advantages and drawbacks, as well as theoretical and practical application of ICT in the process of education at different levels. Modernization of the contemporary higher school requires a revision of assessment as a compulsory phenomenon in the educational process. The authors describe the system of students' knowledge assessment with the use of ICT from different angles, which allows to identify priority ways for improving control at different stages of education. The educational process efficiency, as well as the level of future specialist training depends on the correctly organized systematic control. Special attention is paid to the new forms of control with the use of Information and Communication Technologies, which are actively used as learning tools. The article also focuses on the non-traditional forms of control, which can be used both for independent and class work. Monitoring of students' quality of knowledge, skills and abilities is effective only in case its functions are defined correctly. Along with its specific controlling function, monitoring must perform an educational function as well. Contents, tools and methods of control and analysis must have the educational function, synthesize the acquired skills and information, ensure their consolidation and repetition. The authors conclude that only due to the combined application of various tools and criteria of assessment, the quality of education in higher professional school can be improved.
LEARNING HEALTHY LIFESTYLE THROUGH SLEEPING BEHAVIOUR

Sleep represents a main factor for a healthy lifestyle. It improves health and quality of life in many ways: 1) it is vital for physical health; 2) it is essential for mental health; 3) improves memory and focus and 4) promotes personal and public safety. Sleep is a basic biological function that undergoes changes along with ageing and many pathological conditions. Some changes due to age are so deep that it is hard to distinguish between ageing and disease. Each person is different, considering the activities they perform that influence the sleep during the night, but also their metabolism, age etc. Different methods are therefore needed to explain the variation in sleep patterns for many people. Also, physical activity and sleep are highly interrelated health behaviours. The physical activity during the day influences the quality of sleep, and vice versa. The purpose of this paper is to present a system for creating a user profile based on his sleep behaviour. Based on the learnt profile, the system will automatically detect changes in the user's sleep pattern. If there are changes, the system will automatically check other medical parameters: heart rate, respiratory rate, physical activity during day (eg. number of steps, number of stairs). In case of existing abnormal values, an alarm message will be sent to the user with some suggestions regarding his daily programme. Data analysed is collected using two sensors: Emfit QS sensor for sleep monitoring and Fitbit for physical activity monitoring. In case of sleep, different machine learning methods were applied through pairs of sleep parameters (eg duration in rem versus total sleep duration, duration in light versus total sleep duration, duration awake versus total sleep duration, activity versus toss and turns count) in order to learn the profile of the user. The learning method is based on regression models. The regression is performed on a variable number of days in order to find a model that will learn the data set. For each number of days used for training, the model score will be calculated on the following days, and in the end, the model that has managed to obtain the highest score will be chosen. The models used are simple linear regression, polynomial regression, regression trees and regression support vectors. The models were evaluated on data collected from three users. The data sets used for the evaluation of each user was collected over a period of six months. The following models have proven to be common to all users: the model that learns the correlation between the variation of sleep duration in the light stage versus the total sleep duration. Thus, the proposed system will be able to generate alerts or recommendations using his sleep pattern. In case of differences between his history, the user will receive information that will help him to correct his lifestyle. Through the learning profile of the user, the system will proactive supervise him, making possible to reduce the possibility of illness.