Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
A local Gaussian Fisher discriminant

The Fisher discriminant is a much used discriminant for continuous data. It is optimal for Gaussian data. In the present chapter, we introduce two local Gaussian versions of the Fisher discriminant by approximating the density functions of classes in a discrimination problem by local Gaussian density estimates. The local Gaussian discriminant reduces to the ordinary Fisher discriminant for Gaussian data. It is not difficult to find examples where the local discriminant works well, but the ordinary one fails. We carry out comparative experiments both for simulated and real data.
THE IMPLICATIONS OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS AND TRANSPORT QUALITY IN THE UAE

To provide customers with services that meet their demands, Total Quality Management (TQM) has arisen as a management technique since 1980. Quality measurement instruments are to be implemented in the department of municipal affairs and transport in the UAE. TQM makes quality the driving force behind leadership, planning, and design, thus it requires the eight core aspects’ help. Thus, TQM would include leaders and managers based on quality excellence awards, performance, service delivery, and public trust. Quality improvement and measurement in public administration has led to the development and deployment of strategic models. Total quality management has its roots in manufacturing. The UAE economy’s demand for quality public services has made TQM and excellence awards important. Given that service organisations continue to confront harsh realities comparable to those encountered by industrial organisations, this is not surprising. This is the basic rationale for using service quality models. The stages in service quality management may improve service delivery efficiency and customer satisfaction, establishing the strategic framework for technology integration and innovation. The Department of Municipal Affairs and Transport has been compelled to offer value added service for customers and must exhibit a strong commitment to quality service in order to promote its commercial success.&#x0D; &#x0D; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0973/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Real time recognition method of negative interactive instruction based on skip gram model

In order to realize the recognition of negative interaction instruction in interaction design, it is necessary to study the recognition method of negative interaction instruction. When the current method is used to identify the negative interactive instruction in interaction design, it takes a long time to identify the negative interactive instruction, and the recognition result of the negative interactive instruction is not consistent with the reality, which leads to the problems of low recognition efficiency and low recognition accuracy. Based on this, a real-time recognition method of negative interactive instruction based on skip gram model is proposed. By analyzing interaction, skip gram model is introduced to track and collect users' negative interactive instruction, determine the area of negative interactive instruction in interaction, extract the characteristics of negative interactive instruction, remove misoperation according to the statistical law of acceleration, and complete the recognition of negative interactive instruction. That is to say, negative interactive instruction is identified by knocking negative interactive instruction, flipping negative interactive instruction, swinging and shaking negative interactive instruction. The simulation results show that the recognition efficiency and accuracy of the real-time recognition method of negative interactive instruction based on skip gram model are significantly improved.
A CP-ABE Scheme for Multi-user Queries in IoT

As the penetration rate of Internet smart devices continues to increase, technologies such as smart homes, smart cities, and smart grids have been integrated into people's daily lives. However, in this case, a large amount of information and infrastructure are connected to the public Internet, which makes data facing many security threats and challenges. In this article, I discussed the need for fine-grained multi-user access control queries about smart devices in the Internet of Things. The inherent distributed nature of the Internet of Things environment requires support for multi-authorized ciphertext-based encryption (CP-ABE) to achieve fine-grained Access control. Therefore, for the use of data in the Internet of Things environment, this paper proposes a secure and fine-grained user access control scheme, which is a multi-user access control scheme that supports multi-authorization CP-ABE. Finally, through formal and informal security analysis, it is proved that the scheme is security against several potential attacks required in the IoT environment. In addition, this paper also proves that the proposed scheme provides basic functions and has a lower computational cost than existing schemes.
A Survey on Evolutionary Algorithms for Medical Brain Images

Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are the subject of artificial intelligence studies in computer science. These algorithms which simulate the change in nature are applied to traditional computer algorithms. Some of the EAs that adopt this idea are genetic algorithms (GAs), bee colony algorithm, Firefly algorithm (FA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), bacteria foraging algorithm, etc. EAs are used in many fields such as computer networks, image processing, artificial intelligence, cluster analysis. In this chapter, the studies that are conducted between 2014 and 2019 on the application of EAs to 2D MR images are examined according to in which stage of image processing these algorithms are used, the publication year of the articles, and classification of accuracy rates.
Nature-Inspired Feature Selection Algorithms: A Study

In this digital era, the amount of data generated by various functions has increased dramatically with each row and column; this has a negative impact on analytics and will increase the liability of computer algorithms that are used for pattern recognition. Dimensionality reduction (DR) techniques may be used to address the issue of dimensionality. It will be addressed by using two methods: feature extraction (FE) and feature selection (FS). This article focuses on the study of feature selection algorithms, which includes static data. However, with the advent of Web-based applications and IoT, the data are generated with dynamic features and inflate at a rapid rate, thus it is prone to possess noisy data, which further limits the algorithm’s efficiency. The scalability of the FS strategies is endangered as the size of the data collection increases. As a result, the existing DR methods do not address the issues with dynamic data. The utilization of FS methods not only reduces the load of the data, but it also avoids the issues associated with overfitting.
Digital Jordan curves and surfaces with respect to a graph connectedness

We introduce a graph connectedness induced by a given set of paths of the same length. We focus on the 2-adjacency graph on the digital line ℤ with a certain set of paths of length n for every positive integer n. The connectedness in the strong product of two and three copies of the graph is used to define digital Jordan curves and digital Jordan surfaces, respectively. Such definitions build on an edge-to-edge tiling with triangles in the digital plane and a face-to-face tiling by cubes, prisms and pyramids in the (3D) digital space, respectively.
Personalized Models of Visual Data

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Passability Simulation Analysis of Modular Unmanned Platform

Taking a four-wheel modular unmanned platform as the research object, 1/4 suspension mathematical model is established and the suspension characteristics are analyzed, modular platform of simulation model is established based on recurdyn, the riding comfort of the modular platform is simulated, and the passability of several modular platform after articulated combination is simulated. The results show that the root mean square of the centroid acceleration of the modular platform is 0.3g at a speed of 100km/h, and the suspension performance meets the requirements of the platform. Passability is at least doubled when multiple modular platforms are hinged together, and performance is improved accordingly as the number of modular platform combinations increases.
Cricket Scene Analysis Using the RetinaNet Architecture

The increased challenges surrounding object detection within the sporting environment have been studied with multiple proposed solutions for various domains. The increasing environmental changes with moving objects, actors, and overlapping objects that are present in sporting video footage make detecting and classifying different objects challenging. However, with the introduction of deep learning, researchers now have the available methods that can learn semantic, high level, and deeper features that can be used to solve problem areas within existing research. Cricket is a sporting domain that exhibits many of these challenges with multiple moving actors and objects. This research paper implements RetinaNet architecture to detect and classify multiple objects within a scene. Six different objects/classes are addressed: fielder, batsman, non-striker, bowler, umpire, ball, and wicket-keeper. Following the dataset preparation, using transfer learning, the images are trained on the RetinaNet architecture, and the architecture proved to be successful by producing a mean average precision score of 86.78%. The trained model manages class precision scores all above 98% except that of the ball class. Upon further investigation, the poor performance of the ball class is due to occlusion and the ball’s small size relative to the overall frame. The proposed model can successfully detect and classify the different objects/classes within a cricket scene and serves as a promising foundation for further research within the cricketing domain.
Acquiring Kinematics of Lower extremity with Kinect

Gait analysis is used in monitoring the procedures of treatment and determining many illnesses notably musculoskeletal system disorders.Gait analysis has been carried out with divergent methods for a long time.In this study, kinematic parameters of lower human extremities are determined using Kinect, a camera called Time of Flight that is usually used in the entertainment sector.Kinect is recommended as a low-cost solution for existing gait analysis systems.Kinematic parameters that are used to analyze walking are found by filtering RGB images of colored markers that are attached to joints.3D world coordinates of the marker centers were determined and labeled by mapping the depth information, which is obtained from Kinect, on RGB images.We used the Kalman filter to estimate the coordinates of markers when the coordinates cannot be accurately determined because of motion blurring.15 kinematic parameters for each joint are extracted from the coordinates of these markers.
To the Metric Repertoire of G. R. Derzhavin in His Lifetime Collected Works (An Essay in Statistical Analysis)

The article examines the metric repertoire of poems by G.R. Derzhavin in the collected works prepared by himself (Vol. 1–4. St. Petersburg, 1808; Vol. 5. St. Petersburg, 1816). A statistical analysis of the metrics of poems in the first three volumes and in the 5th volume (Vol. 4, which contains dramatic works, was not considered) shows that two tendencies coexist in Derzhavin&amp;apos;s work. On the one hand, a large number of poems are written in the usual meters, such as four-foot iambic or four-foot trochee, while statistically the number of poems written in such “usual” meters does not at all coincide with the general trends of the time. It can be assumed that in terms of the distribution of meters according to the number of verses, Derzhavin is ahead of his time. On the other hand, metric experiments are also not uncommon in the “Works”. The poet uses iambic and trochaic varieties, which are not very common in the late 18th – early 19th centuries, three-syllable meters; each volume contains polymetric compositions. There are also more radical experiments: for example, several logaedos or works in which the ancient metric is imitated, but ineptly, which leads to the emergence of texts such as “Polyhymnii”, whose size eventually coincides with the tactician. In the “Works” not all of Derzhavin’s poems are collected, but only those that he wanted to present to the public, therefore, we can assume that, since this corpus of verses was best known to the poet’s readers, including readers-poets, these verses, including number in terms of the choice of meters and their distribution over the volume of poems, could have the most obvious versification influence on the further development of Russian poetry among all the poet’s verses.
The Growing Threat of The EMP [Electronics warfare]

EMPs, or electromagnetic pulses, are intense bursts of energy that can be used to damage electronics. Electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) and other forms of electromagnetic energy weaponry and warfare loom large in Hollywood films - everything from `Broken Arrow&apos; and `The Matrix&apos; to Pixar&apos;s `Cars 2&apos; and `Red Dawn&apos; are examples. But the fact that former US President Donald Trump issued an `Executive Order on Coordinating National Resilience to Electromagnetic Pulses,&apos; as recently as March 2019, says much about the severity of the actual threat EMPs present to countries that are increasingly dependent on computers and electronic communications for most aspects of their military and commercial operations.
Study on “Internet + Education” teaching mode in Chinese Elementary Schools: Taking the Changji College to carry out poverty alleviation activities through education for an example

In order to solve the current national common language teaching of the Xinjiang uygur autonomous region in China, and the lack of a large number of mandarin teacher's dilemma, teachers and researchers from Changji college, Capital normal university, institute of modern education technology of Beijing normal university, Xinjiang normal university, urumqi sha district teaching and research section and keping county of Aqiale town central primary school making a research group, to actively explore the “Internet +” teaching mode. The “Internet +” teaching mode are carried out in center primary school and the experimental class lasts for a semester. From the results of mid-term and final examinations, students in experimental class can get 85–90 points. The average score of Keping county is 60 points, it means that the score of experimental class is higher 25 to 30 points than the average points. Basically the experimental class are firmly ranked first place in the county and the pass rate remained at 100%. What's more, the other two experimental classes have moved up 5–10 places from their previous rankings. The experiment has achieved a good teaching effect, such teaching mode maintained the stability of minority areas and the development of elementary education.
Fast Hybrid Data Structure for a Large Alphabet K-Mers Indexing for Whole Genome Alignment

The most common index data structures used by whole genome aligners (WGA) are based on suffix trees (ST), suffix arrays, and FM-indexes. These data structures show good performance results as WGA works with sequences of letters over small alphabets; for example, four letters <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$a$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$c$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$g$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for DNA alignment. A novel whole genome aligner, which we are developing, will work with distances between the label sites on DNA samples, which are represented as a sequence of positive integers. The size of alphabet <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> is theoretically unlimited. This has prompted us to investigate if there is a better structure that would improve search performance on large alphabets compared to the commonly used suffix-based structures. This paper presents the implementation of a highly optimized hybrid index data structure based on a ternary search tree (TST) and hash tables, which perform much better when working with strings on large alphabets compared to the ST. Single core parallelism was achieved using advanced vector extensions (AVX) single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instruction set. When searching for short k-mers over an alphabet of 25, 695 letters, our index search performance was up to 29 times better than the search performance of the reference ST. When the alphabet was compressed to approximately 1, 300 letters, our index search performance was still up to 2.6 times better than the ST. The source code is available free on <uri xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">http://olgen.cz/Resources/Upload/Home/public/software/hds.zip</uri> under the MIT license.
Randomised Key Selection and Encryption of Plaintext Using Large Primes

Study of ciphertext plays a major role in Cryptanalysis. Functionally correct realization of a cryptosystem does not ensure the confidentiality of message always. Most classical cryptosystem are not quantum secure. Shor algorithm is the only polynomial time factorization attack which can break RSA in very less computation time. On the other hand side channel attack and fault attack is sufficient for information leakage. In this type of attack, the attacker neither uses the cipher text nor does the plain text rather consider the power trace, amount of memory used by the cryptosystem, timing variations for different cryptographic operations etc. So it is very important to make the cipher different in every run which makes it non deterministic hence the power analysis should be different in every run. The main idea behind this paper is to introduce randomized key to encrypt the plain text one character at a time.
A Critical Appraisal of Initial Coin Offerings

AbstractInitial Coin Offerings (ICOs) emerged in 2017 as a revolutionary form of raising capital by technology companies and investment vehicles. ICOs enable start-up companies to issue blockchain-based assets (‘digital tokens’) to the public in return for a payment in cryptocurrencies or fiat money. The fundraising objective is to finance technology projects carried out by the ‘ICO issuer’. The ICO funding model represents a financial revolution as it provides additional pools of liquidity for capital formation purposes and a powerful tool for incentivizing communities through network effects. More importantly, the latent value of ICOs lies in the usage of the raised funds to develop cutting-edge distributed ledger technologies (DLTs). The advent of ICOs mushrooming worldwide promises to democratize financing, yet the commonly unregulated space in which ICOs operate, opens up a Pandora’s Box of investment and legal risks. The present paper argues that regulation needs to be goal-orientated and for that purpose, it is crucial to identify the nature of the ICO funding model, the cryptoeconomics behind it and the legal nature of digital tokens. With ICOs, academia, economists and regulators are at ground zero. Practitioners’ first instinct is to apply the knowledge of capital markets, but ICOs are a fundamentally new model of raising funds that have spawned different dynamics from ‘traditional’ capital markets. If we can establish how to approach ICOs within their own right, then choosing the correct regulatory stance will become a matter of identifying how ICOs and markets interact and how the investment risks can be allocated. Keeping with the spirit of ICOs as a financial innovation, the paper proposes self-regulation by ICO issuers to be a suitable regulatory approach, while limiting the role of regulators to policing the secondary market of crypto-intermediaries. For the purpose of fully rationalizing this position, the paper outlines the process of carrying out an ICO, relevant benefits and risks to the model, the current state of ICO regulation, digital token characterization and merits of different regulatory approaches.
Hardware Design and Software Practices for Efficient Neural Network Inference

In this chapter, we introduce our efforts in accelerating neural network inference. From the hardware design aspect, we introduce the instructions-set-architecture deep learning accelerator to support all kinds of DNN models with customized ISA and optimized software compiler. And from the algorithm aspect, we introduce several practices we have used: sensitivity-based pruning without hardware model, quantization, iterative pruning with hardware model, and neural architecture search. Take-aways Discusses hardware design: An instructions-set-architecture deep learning accelerator to support all kinds of DNN models with customized ISA and optimized software compile Discusses software practices: Sensitivity-based pruning without hardware model, quantization, iterative pruning with hardware model, neural architecture search.
Cloud Security as a Service Using Data Loss Prevention: Challenges and Solution

Due to recent worldwide pandemics most of the organization allowed working from home. Employees are given access to sensitive information including company secure assets which need to be protected at any cost. This all happened in such a short span of time that company didn’t get enough time to protect its assets due to lack of proper security software to protect data. In this paper we are focusing on a small subset of cloud security called data loss prevention (DLP). Data are broadly categorized into three states. Data at rest, data in motion or data in use. Files, directories and database tables are into DAR category, cut/copy/paste and file access comes under data in use whereas network packets, emails are in later category. These types of data may contain private information (PI) which needs to be protected in order to avoid misuse from an unauthorized user. In this paper we will discuss the challenges as well as propose a solution to achieve security in this area.