Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Constraint-based and Fuzzy Logic Student Modeling for Arabic Grammar

Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) are computer-based tutoring systems that deal with linguistic skills.Adding intelligence in such systems is mainly based on using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools to diagnose student errors, especially in language grammar.However, most such systems do not consider the modeling of student competence in linguistic skills, especially for the Arabic language.In this paper, we will deal with basic grammar concepts of the Arabic language taught for the fourth grade of the elementary school in Egypt.This is through Arabic Grammar Trainer (AGTrainer) which is an Intelligent CALL.The implemented system (AGTrainer) trains the students through different questions that deal with the different concepts and have different difficulty levels.Constraint-based student modeling (CBSM) technique is used as a short-term student model.CBSM is used to define in small grain level the different grammar skills through the defined skill structures.The main contribution of this paper is the hierarchal representation of the system's basic grammar skills as domain knowledge.That representation is used as a mechanism for efficiently checking constraints to model the student knowledge and diagnose the student errors and identify their cause.In addition, satisfying constraints and the number of trails the student takes for answering each question and fuzzy logic decision system are used to determine the student learning level for each lesson as a long-term model.The results of the evaluation showed the system's effectiveness in learning in addition to the satisfaction of students and teachers with its features and abilities.
Anatomical Point-of-Interest Detection in Head MRI Using Multipoint Feature Descriptor

Automatic detection of specific anatomical points of interest (POIs) in head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technical bottleneck in medical image registration and big data analysis for head diseases. A technique for automatically retrieving POIs in head MRI scans is explored in this study. A Haar-like feature of the image is introduced to generate the feature description vector of the POI, and the most appropriate standard vector is selected from multiple marked images. A fixed five-point joint feature description is proposed for solid POI detection, and an adaptive three-point joint feature description is proposed for cavity POI detection. A total of 516 head MRI volumes were used for anatomical point detection. A solid point detection experiment was conducted using the POIs of the right/left internal acoustic pore (RIA/LIA). The POIs of the right/left ascending segment of the internal carotid artery in the posterior cavernous sinus (RAS/LAS) were used in a cavity point detection experiment. The experimental results show that the accuracies of the solid point detection for LIA and RIA are 81.8% and 84.7%, respectively. Those of cavity point detection for LAS and RAS are 66.7% and 76.2%. The performance of the proposed method is better than those of BRIEF and SIFT algorithm. The proposed method can facilitate the marking of anatomical points for doctors, thus providing technical support for head image automatic registration and big data analysis for head diseases.
Pengaplikasian Face Recognition 3 Dimensi Untuk Keamanan

Face recognition is one of the biometric categories which uses face as the identifier. Currently, there are two versions of face recognition, 2 dimensional and 3 dimensional. This research uses 3 dimensional face recognition, and the goal for this research is for comparing the accuracy between 2 dimensional and 3 dimensional face recognition, analyze the performance of 3 dimensional face recognition, and applying 3dimensional face recognition for security measure, namely for automatic door lock using face recognition. Face Alignment Network used as the method for this 3 dimensional face recognition. This research prove that 3 dimensional face recognition have better accuracy than its predecessor, however some weakness is also found in this research, i.e. image resolution, lighting of the photo, angle of the face when the photo taken will govern the accuracy of the 3 dimensional face recognition and 3 dimensional face recognition can’t differentiatebetween twins brother faces.Key word : Face recognition, accuracy
Fuzzy Logic Controller of New Strategy of Biomedical Measurements

&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;Monitoring patient’s condition represents one of the crucial tasks in any biomedical center to ensure the stability of the patient state. Healthcare sector quality demands are exponentially rising. These demands are concerned with designing expert systems for medical diagnosis. Also, the use of fuzzy sets theory in the medical field is to solve some medical problems. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;This paper proposes a simple strategy of bio measurements and its behavior through fuzzy logic model. The proposed design is constructed using three different types of data transfer based sensors and microcontroller.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;The fuzzy logic model is designed and practically tested. The generated results are compared to those of the (Omron RS3 - HEM-6130-E Omron mc-246-e) device from OMRON company. Four hundred people aged between 3 and 72 years old were examined by the proposed system. All results are compared using fuzzy logic model in MATLB. Using statistical analysis, the average data measurements for each sensor in the designed device were recorded; the output results were found to be of close enough (less than 1% error) to the reference readings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;The system can be used at home due to its low cost, easy to use, and high accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;
The Increasing of Students’ English Speaking by Using Community Language Learning (CLL) through Students English Association of LP3I (SEAL) at Politeknik LP3I Medan

This study dealt students’ English speaking by using Community Language Learning (CLL) through Students English Association of LP3I (SEAL). It used qualitative research design. It was conducted descriptively. This study aimed to know the increasing of students’ English speaking by using Community Language Learning (CLL) through Students English Association of LP3I (SEAL) at Politeknik LP3I Medan. The subjects were 55 students of Politeknik LP3I Medan. The use of instruments in this study was observation, interview and documentation. The theory of Koba, Ogawa &amp; Wilkinson was used in this study. The data were analyzed by Miles, Huberman and Saldana analysis. The result of this study was Community Language Learning (CLL) had good result for students’ learning and can increase students’ English speaking at Politeknik LP3I Medan. This learning method was appropriate implemented to students of Politeknik LP3I Medan. Based on the data, all of response and result of this learning method got positive result and effect through the students of Politeknik LP3I Medan. This learning method can also upgrade students’ knowledge in speaking and got more vocabulary after implementing this activity. CLL can make the students happy and enjoy in studying English without forcing them to speak English. CLL can also make students brave and self-confidence to speak up in front of public.
Landmarks for Library Development in the Conditions of the Generation Z

The article is devoted to the consideration of the key vectors of the library businessdevelopment in Ukraine in the context of the information societyformation, the presentation of the communicative functiontransformation of libraries as the leading in realising their public purpose in the conditions of the generation Z. The necessity of a harmonious combination of technological and humanitarian (socio-cultural) components in the library businessdevelopment in the context of the implementation of the specialty "Information, Library and Archives" and the standards provisiondevelopment of training for the industry has been emphasized. The transformation of the communication function of libraries in the direction of shifting emphasis from ensuring the connection of the user with the document or information he needs (technological aspect) to create favourable conditions for establishing communication "user - user" (socio-cultural aspect) is substantiated. The enhancement of the communicative component is considered in the context of the actualization of the task of organizing the knowledge management environment as a prerequisite for the formation of a community of practice, when in the process of communication there are an intensive knowledge sharing and the creating of new information and knowledge.Different perspective forms of library activity are presented, aimed at forming conditions for interaction of users and directing their activity towards creativity. On the basis of the analysis of the projects of the Scientific and Technical Library after G. I. Denisenko of the National Technical University in Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute named after Igor Sikorsky" it was substantiated users' demand of forming libraries' spaces for interactions and communication. It is concluded that the formation of an library's environment for communication between users creates the basis for its functioning as the initiator and coordinator of such communication, and strengthens the role of the library as a socio-cultural centre of the community.
An Adversarial Search Method Based on an Iterative Optimal Strategy

A deeper game-tree search can yield a higher decision quality in a heuristic minimax algorithm. However, exceptions can occur as a result of pathological nodes, which are considered to exist in all game trees and can cause a deeper game-tree search, resulting in worse play. To reduce the impact of pathological nodes on the search quality, we propose an iterative optimal minimax (IOM) algorithm by optimizing the backup rule of the classic minimax algorithm. The main idea is that calculating the state values of the intermediate nodes involves not only the static evaluation function involved but also a search into the future, where the latter is given a higher weight. We experimentally demonstrated that the proposed IOM algorithm improved game-playing performance compared to the existing algorithms.
Focus areas for data acquisition for potential domestic resources of 11 critical minerals in Alaska—Aluminum, cobalt, graphite, lithium, niobium, platinum group elements, rare earth elements, tantalum, tin, titanium, and tungsten, chap. C of U.S. Geological Survey, Focus areas for data acquisition for potential domestic sources of critical minerals

First posted September 17, 2020 For additional information, contact: Director, Alaska Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey4210 University DriveAnchorage, Alaska 99508 Phase 2 of the Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI) focuses on geologic belts that are favorable for hosting mineral systems that may contain select critical minerals. Phase 1 of the Earth MRI program focused on rare earth elements (REE), and phase 2 adds aluminum, cobalt, graphite, lithium, niobium, platinum-group metals, tantalum, tin, titanium, and tungsten. This report describes the methodology and techniques utilized to define focus areas for future data acquisition in Alaska; the conterminous United States are covered in a separate report.Definition of focus areas relies on a mineral systems framework that considers geologic features that may influence or control the formation and preservation of a mineral deposit and links the critical commodities to genetically related processes. Mineral systems are therefore larger than any given deposit. Evaluation of these larger systems allows for a broader understanding of how and where critical minerals may move through geologic systems.Delineation of focus areas in Alaska was informed by statewide geological, geochemical, geophysical, and mineral occurrence datasets that are publicly available. Additionally, previously published prospectivity analyses for six different critical mineral-bearing deposit types help identify focus areas. A total of 74 focus areas prospective for the phase 2 critical minerals that occur in 12 different mineral systems were defined in Alaska. Identified focus areas may be used to guide future geologic, geochemical, and geophysical data in the State of Alaska.
An independence test based on recurrence rates. An empirical study and applications to real data

In this article we propose several variants to perform the independence test between two random elements based on recurrence rates. We will show how to calculate the test statistic in each one of these cases. From simulations we obtain that in high dimension, our test clearly outperforms, in almost all cases, the other widely used competitors. The test was performed on two data sets including small and large sample sizes and we show that in both cases the application of the test allows us to obtain interesting conclusions.
Students' difficulties in understanding lecturer's explanation: a comparison between native and non-native lecturer

This study is aimed to find out the students difficulty in understanding native and non-native lecturer which based on two aspects: linguistics and non-linguistics difficulties. It was also followed by the comparison of students difficulties in understanding both of lecturers.This study was conducted at English department students of Universitas Negeri Padang in academic year 2017/2018. The population of this research are all English education students in academic years 2017/2018 with the total number 95 students. Based on the population, the samples of this research are two classes: the first class are taught by native lecturer and second class are taught by non-native lecturer with the total number 64 students. This research used the descriptive collaborative method and used questionnaire as the main instrument followed by interview and observation to support the data from questionnaire. This research found that native lecturer tend to give more linguistics problem to the students rather than non-linguistics problem especially in lecturers accent and vocabulary understanding. Related to non-linguistics problem, lecturers speed placed the highest percentage. However, non-native lecture did not give significant difficulties but the higher percentage showed in non-linguistics problem especially in the way of lecturer in giving explanation.
Spelling writing error analysis in nonfiction essay of elementary students

Spelling writing error often occurs in an essay. The spelling error is found in nonfiction essays of the V grade students. This research purpose is to describe the error in spelling writing in nonfiction essays of V grade students in SD Negeri 1 Kadipiro, Kasihan Bantul. The research is a content analysis research using a qualitative approach. The data source of this research is Indonesian nonfiction essays. Data collecting technique used was reading and by note-taking. The instrument of the research is the mechanical analysis sheet. Validity used in this research is semantic validity. Reliability of this research is stability and reproducibility. Analysis unit in this research covers letters usage, writings words, use of punctuation, and uptake words writings element. The data analysis technique used consists of data collection, sample determination, recording/noting, reduction, and drawing a conclusion. The research finding shows that there are writing errors in student’s nonfiction essay, such as letter usage (54,47%), word writing errors (25%), error in using punctuation (18,16%), and error in writing uptake words (2,37%). Factors that cause errors in writing include limited time in learning to write, lack of mastery in spelling rules, and lack of accuracy in writing.
Ways of Independent Development of Pedagogical Competencies of Students in Innovative Activity (The Study Case of Azerbaijani Students in Mathematics and Computer Sciences)

Regular innovations in the field of learning technologies are being implemented with the aim of removing educational problems, flexible steps are taken to organize the learning process, and the content and methods of teaching are improved.The research highlights the main problems faced by Azerbaijani education and describes the author's methodological system that searches for their solutions.The purpose of the experiment was to develop the theoretical foundations for independent development of students' pedagogical competencies in the process of innovative activity and to exclude them from experimental verification.Initially, the working hypothesis of the study was formulated, favorable conditions for carrying out the experiment and universities to be experimented with were identified, and computerization was studied in two higher education institutions of the republic.Experimental and control groups were selected, in certain groups approximate equality of the students and the teachers' levels were provided, and the levels of the groups were learned in written and oral ways.Analysis of the results of the experiment has shown that the developed concept can be used in training pre-service and in-service teachers studying mathematics and computer science as it can improve the effectiveness of teaching in innovative activity.
Putting the stars in the their places

This paper presents a new semantics for the weak relevant logic DW that makes the role of the infamous Routley star more explicable. Central to this rewriting is combining aspects of both the American and Australian plan for understanding negations in relevance logics.
A Descriptive Research on the Security Challenges of Cloud Computing Among Selected SMEs in Kenya

Cloud computing can help organizations accomplish more by paying less and breaking the physical boundaries between IT infrastructure and its users, however heightened security threats must be overcome in order to benefit fully from this new computing exemplar. The objective of this research was to determine the fundamental cloud security challenges experienced by SMEs in Kenya. Descriptive survey was therefore chosen for this study because the researcher was interested in the opinions of the respondents in terms of security challenges in cloud computing. The primary area of study for this research was Nairobi, Kisumu and Mombasa and the target population for this study were the Top 100 SME companies in Kenya as of 2016. This information could be useful and vital to policy makers and researchers who are making efforts to improve security in the field of Cloud Computing.
USING A “SNAKE AND LADDER” GAME IN TEACHING SPEAKING TO YOUNG LEARNERS

Speaking is the basic as well as the most important skill that needs to be acquired by English language learners. It is advisable that learning speaking English should begin as early as possible; however, to teach speaking skill to young learners is not an easy task since their age is the age of playing. Teaching speaking to young learners requires a teacher to find the technique best work with children, one of which is through games. One of the games that is corresponding to the age of young learners is a snake and ladder game. This paper aims at describing how a snake and ladder game is used in teaching speaking to young learners. Based on the discussion on applying a snake and ladder game, it is concluded that this game is the right game to apply in teaching speaking to young learners. People during early ages like playing and dislikes studying, especially in a formal education. By using this game, the children (learners) do not realize that they learn to speak English because they enjoy playing the game. In addition, this game supports the issue of student-centered learning because the students are the ones who actively practice speaking, while the teacher acts as the learning facilitator who provides assistance if needed.
Programming Thinking Training and Course Design for iOS Mobile Development

At present, programming ability has always been a basic requirement for all college students in university education. Most major students will be required to take a programming course, but lack of programming ability is also a bottleneck commonly encountered by college students, even computer science students also have such confusion, how to improve their programming skills and understand programming thinking, which will be the focus of this article. This article uses creative design and project practice as a way to help students to accomplish problem discovery and problem solving by programming thinking. This can stimulate students' creative desire, understand the aim of programming and consciously integrate programming thinking into their own life, so as to exercise and improve their programming thinking ability. This paper applies the above ideas to the public elective course "iOS Mobile App Development" for college students, and proposes a set of thinking training methods from the project design, practice arrangement and competition incentives.
Designing Novel and Engaging Interactions with and for Residents Living with Dementia and their Visitors

Presently, there are nearly 460,000 Australians living with dementia (Dementia Australia, 2020).Dementia is comprised of symptoms linked to exacerbated cognitive deterioration caused by disorders affecting the human brain.Some of these symptoms include memory loss, confusion, changes in behaviours and ability to communicate (WHO, 2017).As time progresses, families and friends may struggle to communicate with people living with dementia as they might not be able to follow conversations, often leading to increased stress levels for everyone involved (Maresova & Klimova, 2015).Engagement is crucial for people living with dementia in order to maintain capabilities and participate in stimulating activities leading to greater quality of life (Craig et al, 2014).Technologies have emerged as capable stimulation and engagement tools in formalised care settings and can be an important component of ageing well (Collier & Jakob, 2017).
Quantifying Factors Affecting Willingness to Communicate in English: Understanding Young Learners at Perhentian Island

Perhentian Island is a renowned islands by the locals and the tourists around the world. The island receives a high number of tourists every year. The high number of tourism activities has influenced the English communication skills among the locals who are using their own local dialect as a medium of communication. Nevertheless, based on the school yearly assessment, the proficiency among the pupils in the one and only school in Perhentian Island did not show any significant effect. It has brought up the question of how much the tourism activities could influence the English proficiency of the pupils. This research investigated the pupils’ willingness to communicate in English as a Second Language by applying the variables extracted from Theory Reason Action (TRA) and the variables from willingness to communicate (WTC). The respondents involved in this research (N=107) were the pupils at the Perhentian Island. The findings showed that the willingness of communication in L2 has influenced the pupils’ attitude and behavior in using English language during the school hours. The results reveal that perceived attitude is the main factor that influenced pupils’ readiness in Perhentian Island to communicate in English as a second language. The implications of the results and future research directions are also discussed.