Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF FTA’S STRATEGIES BY LECTURERS IN LISTENING SUBJECT

This article aimed at finding out the kinds of FTA strategies (positive and negative politeness) used by lecturers in lecturing listening comprehension and the effects of polite expressions used by lecturers on students. The researcher used descriptive qualitative research and applied a purposive sampling technique in collecting valid data. The subject of this research was one lecturer in the English and Literature Department of the Adab and Humanities Faculty. The researcher applied classroom observation by recording the lecturer’s activities and analyzed them through Brown and Levinson’s theory of politeness strategies (FTA). The researcher found some polite expressions of strategies that the lecturer used which are divided into two types. First, Positive Politeness (PP) such as noticing and attend the hearer, greetings, exaggerating, intensifying the interest of the hearer, using in-group identity makers, seeking agreement, presupposing/raising/asserting common ground, including both speaker and hearer in the activity, giving or asking reasons, assume or assert reciprocity and giving gifts to the hearer (goods, sympathy); and Negative Politeness (NP) such as Being conventionally indirect, Questions, Minimize the imposition, Giving deference, Nominalize. The effects on students are: being motivated in their study, student attitude (affective), respect for the lecturer, self-confidence, being active and attending the learning process, and honesty.
VOCABULARY ENHANCEMENT USING CROSSWORD PUZZLE (WORD LINK) &amp; GTM

The English language is distinguished by its vocabulary. To master the four language-learning abilities of hearing, speaking, reading, and writing, vocabulary is essential. Many of the instructional strategies used to teach the English language are incorporated into vocabulary instruction, which achieves the same goals as earlier strategies. This study seeks to examine whether Word Link and Grammar Translation Method (GTM) will increase students' vocabularies. This research employs the Pre-experimental designs methodology. The pre-experimental group consisted of 25 fifth-graders from an Elementary School in West Bandung. A pre-test was administered at the beginning of the program, and a post-test was administered at the conclusion of the 32-hour meeting. The adoption of GTM utilizing the Word Link application (crossword puzzle) has a good and statistically significant impact on the vocabulary development of students, according to the findings of this study. The crossword puzzleword Link apps appear to aid youngsters in expanding their vocabularies, and it is recommended that teachers employ this strategy while teaching and studying English, particularly in the early grades.in elementary school.
STUDENTS’ LEARNING STYLES IN LEARNING TRANSACTIONAL SPEAKING SKILLS

The diverse backgrounds of students in learning English lead to a great challenge to the teacher to accommodate different types of students’ learning styles. This research aims to identify the students’ learning styles in learning transactional speaking skills in the fourth semester students of English Education Department, UIN Alauddin Makassar. The method used in this research was the descriptive qualitative research method. The instrument used to gather the data were questionnaires and interview guidelines. The results showed that the students like to learn transactional speaking skills by watching videos or films, pictures or posters, talking to their friends, practicing their English outside, and making conversations with their friends. Besides, some students like studying alone, reading books in a foreign language, working problems set by the teacher, memorizing conversations or dialogue, and writing in a notebook. Based on the categorization of the learning styles as concrete, analytical, communicative, and authority-oriented learners, the researchers found that the dominant learning styles were concrete learners. Based on the findings, the researchers recommend that it is essential for the lecturers to implement learning and teaching methods that are appropriate to students’ learning styles when teaching transactional speaking skills in the classroom. In addition, the students are expected to be able to develop their transactional speaking skills by understanding their individual learning styles for better learning and teaching process.
TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE USE OF QUIZIZZ IN ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT AT UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

The aim of this study is to examine the teachers’ perception of using Quizizz in English Education Department at UIN Alauddin Makassar. This research was carried out by using descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected by using interview, especially semi-structured interview. The subjects of this research were two teachers of English Education Department. They were selected purposively in order to take a valid data and information. The results of this study indicate a positive perception based on the three indicators adopted, such as teachers’ knowledge, teachers’ emotion and teachers’ motivation. Overall, the researcher found that the respondents have a positive perception about Quizizz. They stated Quizizz as interactive and interesting application, they feel satisfied while using Quizizz to give students assignment and they have a desire to increase their knowledge about Quizizz. Quizizz can be used as a learning media as well as assessment media. Therefore, the respondents of this research mainly apply Quizizz to give quiz to students. Thus, the implication of this research is Quizizz can be used both as learning and assessment media in order to support learning and teaching process. However, teachers should consider the stability of internet connection before applying Quizizz in their class.
A Study on the Use of Artificial Intelligence for the Selective Search and Seizure of Digital Evidence

Our society is already experiencing the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Therefore, most of our lives are influenced by the technology of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. One of the core values of the 4th Industrial Revolution is to rebuild the real space in the virtual space by transferring information in the real space to the virtual space. As a result, all objects, movements, and attributes in the real space are digitized and stored. Amid these changes, the importance of digital evidence is already beyond analog evidence. However, investigations and trials of crimes are still conducted only in analog spaces. Therefore, a technical device that connects the digital world and the analog world is required. The problem is that digital evidence and related legal regulations are not sufficient in the current Criminal Procedure Act. Therefore, investigative agencies have a difficult task to collect digital evidence and prove guilt in accordance with precedents and internal regulations.&#x0D; Article 106 of the Criminal Procedure Act stipulates a method of confiscating digital evidence. The problem is that among the suspect’s numerous information, it is not easy to collect only information related to criminal charges without violating the suspect’s basic rights. Therefore, as a way to overcome such difficulties, a method of performing seizure using a technical method such as artificial intelligence is being considered. Therefore, as a countermeasure against it, first of all, ground rules for legal procedures must be prepared. In addition, the reliability of artificial intelligence application technology should be recognized from a trusted institution, and users should be able to control the artificial intelligence technology used for screening and seizure. As technology develops in the future, similar problems may continue to occur. Therefore, comprehensive research related to the digital evidence legal system and technology system is needed.
Variational quantum semi-supervised classifier based on label propagation

Label propagation is an essential semi-supervised learning method based on graphs, which has a broad spectrum of applications in pattern recognition and data mining. This paper proposes a quantum semi-supervised classifier based on label propagation. Considering the difficulty of graph construction, we develop a variational quantum label propagation (VQLP) method. In this method, a locally parameterized quantum circuit is created to reduce the parameters required in the optimization. Furthermore, we design a quantum semi-supervised binary classifier based on hybrid Bell and Z bases measurement, which has a shallower circuit depth and is more suitable for implementation on near-term quantum devices. We demonstrate the performance of the quantum semi-supervised classifier on the Iris data set, and the simulation results show that the quantum semi-supervised classifier has higher classification accuracy than the swap test classifier. This work opens a new path to quantum machine learning based on graphs.
Integrated application strategy of large-scale intelligent building based on renewable energy technology

The integrated system of intelligent buildings constructed by incorporating renewable energy can meet the requirements of zero-carbon green buildings. In this paper, the photovoltaic network is used as the source of multiple energy sources, and hydrogen fuel cells are also incorporated. Considering the difference in cooling and heating loads between winter and summer, a smart building integrated system based on renewable energy is constructed. Model Predictive Control (MPC) theory is introduced to coordinately control and manage multi-energy building systems. The simulation results show that the ground source heat pump equipment is in a shutdown state in summer, while the maximum operating powers of the electrolyzer, hydrogen fuel cell and battery are 30, 10.1 and 10 kW, respectively. In winter, the refrigerators do not work, while the ground source heat pump operates at a maximum power of 10.8 kW, while the hydrogen fuel cell and battery operate at a maximum power of 13.28 and 10 kW, respectively. After the optimal management of MPC, the state of charge of the battery in winter and summer is controllable, ranging from 20% to 80%, and the hydrogen level content curve can also track the reference value curve well.
Hearing A New World: The Aesthetic Use of Technology in Pop-Rock

At odds with the relevance it has as object of aesthetical experience around the world, pop-rock music is still a rare subject in philosophical inquiry. Nonetheless, it has arisen growing interest in the last two decades, particularly in the Anglo-Saxon tradition. In such context, this paper intends to give an overview of the philosophical contributions on the subject made so far, and provide some guidelines for its study in the field of aesthetics. After reconstructing the debate, starting from Theodor W. Adorno’s thoughts on mass music as prolegomena and arriving at the so-called “ontologies of rock”, this article takes an aesthetic point of view concerning the specificity of pop-rock and argues that the decisive aspect of the genre in the choir of popular musical expressions lies in the unique role of technology applied in its production.
Being There or Non-being There: Memory of Experience in Virtual Space

When we are present in a space we have been to before, we remember our experiences or events, people, and things related to that space. However, we can remember a space we have not been to and experiences that do not belong to us. We can have memories of them through transferential spaces created by mediums such as images, films, television, or virtual reality. These virtual spaces enable the transfer of experiences and memories. This study focuses on the relationship between experiences in virtual spaces and memory. It problematizes the change in the quality of experiences in physical and virtual spaces and the memories gained from these experiences. Film and virtual reality mediums are chosen to analyze the changes. The study reveals that depending on the types of mediums, characteristic transformations occur in memories obtained from experiences in virtual spaces.
A novel and efficacious use of three-dimensional intertwining logistic map for the security of greyscale images

A chaos-based security algorithm for images using symmetric keys is presented in this work. The chaotic 3D intertwining logistic map (ILM) is employed in a compact and efficacious way in the proposed work. The three chaotic sequences generated by the 3D ILM are utilized in an effective way to confuse and diffuse the original image and form an encrypted image. The dependency of initial key values and the controlling parameters of the 3D ILM on the plain image and 128-bit key stream are promising features. These features significantly increase the security of the proposed encryption method. The simulation outcomes and comparative findings with the existing schemes are favourable and satisfactory, thus support the performance and reliability of the suggested encryption system. In addition, the advantageous and acceptable results of theoretical value tests, key sensitivity results and high key space help to counter different kinds of attacks such as statistical, differential and exhaustive attacks.
A Study of the Understanding of the Capacity-centered Autonomous Integrated Deepening 2nd Unit in the 6th Grade of Elementary School, and a Proposal of Practical Applications and Explanation: Focusing on Sandel's Theory of Justice and Kohlberg's Moral Debate Class Model

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the elementary school moral subject competency-centered autonomous integrated deepening unit and the 6th grade 2nd unit applied in the textbook,propose practical application plans, and provide commentary on the proposal.&#x0D; Methods: To this end, the meaning of a competency-centered autonomous integrated deepening unitthat emerged in the process of applying the 2015 moral curriculum to the school field was explored. A competency-centered autonomous integrated deepening 2nd unit in the 6th grade of elementary schoolwas also examined as a representative example of a competency-centered autonomous integrated deepeningunit. Through this, a new plan that can actually be applied and a commentary on it were proposed.&#x0D; Results: It was necessary to provide an example of a competency-centered autonomous integrateddeepening unit, that was unlike the direction approached in the existing textbook. It was judged tobe appropriate to focus on justice as a core value and moral thinking ability, which is central tocompetency. In order to organize the example into the goals, contents, and methods of the unit, it wasconsidered appropriate to apply the content and development process of Sandel's justice theory, andKohlberg's moral discussion class model and dilemma. In addition, the additional moral subject educationexplanation of the proposal is expected to be used as a meaningful reference in the morals class.&#x0D; Conclusion: The example of a competency-centered autonomous integrated deepening 2nd unit resultingfrom this series of processes is expected to provide new meaning for perspective, both autonomouslyand creatively, in moral subject education in elementary schools.
Career Education Policy and Future Policy Direction Recognized by Secondary Career Teachers

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the career education policy and direction required in the field by analyzing the perception of the national level career education policy and the future national level career education policy direction targeting secondary school career education teachers.&#x0D; Methods: In order to achieve the purpose of the study, a survey was conducted on secondary school career teachers, and the data of 308 teachers were used for analysis.&#x0D; Results: First, the policies that require priority improvement are five policies, such as ‘strengthening the capacity of elementary and secondary career teachers’ and ‘operating career experience considering the characteristics of consumers’. Second, among future career education policy directions, 10 policy directions to be considered as top priority were “expanding career teacher training,” “career teacher information sharing platform,” and “improving awareness and treatment of career teachers.”&#x0D; Conclusion: Based on the results of the analysis of career education policies and directions, it is necessary to prioritize policies that require improvement and prioritized policy directions when developing and applying policies.
Bayesian modeling of spatio-temporal data with R

"Bayesian modeling of spatio-temporal data with R." Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), p. 1
Book on stochastic processes with R: an introduction

"Book on stochastic processes with R: an introduction." Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), p. 1
The Effects of Teacher’s Collaborative Activities on Professional Capital

This study examined the effects of collaboration between teachers on professional capital, focusing on collaborative activities being conducted in and out of school centered on the professional learning community. In particular, this study divided the collaborative activities of teachers into three types: class observation, class openness and participation in voluntary research activities inside and outside the school. The study examined the effects of each type of collaboration on teachers' professional capital specifically. For this purpose, this study conducted a survey of elementary school teachers in Gyeongnam, and a total of 1,340 surveys were collected and used for analysis. The main results of this study are as follows. First, it was found that both happy schools and general schools had a high level of professional capital (human capital, social capital, and decision-making capital) of teachers who participated in collaborative activities regardless of the types of teacher collaboration. Second, even after controlling the variables on teachers' professional capital, collaboration activities positively influenced teachers' professional capita, and participation in voluntary research activities inside and outside the school had a greater influence on teachers' professional capital than class openness and observation. Finally, factors such as gender, teaching career, teacher efficacy, and the climate of collaboration between teachers had a significant influence on teachers' professional capital. Based on the results of this study, we suggested on the implications for operating a professional learning community based on teacher collaboration and enhancing teachers’ professional development.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENERIMA BANTUAN PKH (PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN) DENGAN METODE PERBANDINGAN EKSPONENSIAL

The Pelem Village Head Office has several government aids that will be distributed to its citizens. One of the acceptances of “Program Keluarga Harapan” (PKH) in 2019 has several criteria such as the elderly, people with disabilities, pregnant women and dependent children. However, officers have difficulty in processing the data. The purpose of this thesis is to create a decision support system for the selection of beneficiaries of “Program Keluarga Harapan” (PKH) assistance in Pelem Village using the Exponential Comparison Method (MPE). The results of this study are in the form of a decision support system program that has been tested through functional testing of the system using the blackbox testing method. The results of the testing process with the User Acceptance Test (UAT) of the respondents agreed (70%) that the overall decision support system for the recipients of RTLH assistance could assist officers as needed.
Phone-Level Pronunciation Scoring for L1 Using Weighted-Dynamic Time Warping

This paper presents a novel approach for phone-level pronunciation scoring. The proposed method relies on the two usual stages of pronunciation scoring: an acoustic model transcribes the spoken utterance into a phoneme sequence and then, Weighted-Dynamic Time Warping (W-DTW) is used to compare the predicted phoneme sequence against the reference one. Our approach alters the comparison process by considering Phonetic PosteriorGrams (PPG) rather than only the most probable sequence of phonemes. This led us to propose a modified W-DTW algorithm that considers the probabilities of the predicted phonemes, as well as the use of articulatory features as a proxy of phonetic similarity. The results achieved are satisfactory considering the content of the adult speech database and are comparable to well-known state-of-the-art methods.
Domain Adaptation of Low-Resource Target-Domain Models Using Well-Trained ASR Conformer Models

In encoder-decoder framework for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems, the decoder of the well-trained ASR model is largely tuned towards the source-domain, hurting the performance of target-domain models in vanilla transfer-learning. On the other hand, the encoder layers of the well-trained ASR model mainly capture the acoustic characteristics. In this paper, the embeddings tapped from the encoder layers of a well-trained ASR model are used as features for domain adaptation of a downstream low resource Conformer target-domain model. We do ablation studies on optimal encoder layers for tapping embeddings and the effect of freezing or updating the well-trained ASR model's encoder layers. Lastly, the application of Spectral Augmentation (SpecAug) on the proposed features improves the target-domain performance further. The proposed method reports an average relative improvement of ~40% over baseline with different source-domain model and target-domain Conformer model combinations.
Does Foreign Remittances Plays a Critical Role in the Determination of Economic Growth?

Foreign remittances are an important factor which contributes to the economic growth. Remittances plays vital role in increasing the GDP growth it is the main source from underdeveloped countries. Foreign remittances efficiently bring money to the hometown which eventually leads to increase in GDP of that country. The paper studies the impact of foreign remittances on the economic growth of Pakistan. This study considers the data of 31 years from 1990 to 2021 to analyze the short and long run relationship of remittances and its determinants on the economic growth of Pakistan. The ARDL methodology is used as a technique to analyze the relationship between remittances and economic growth of Pakistan. The impact Of Foreign Direct Investment, Consumer Price Index, External Debt Stocks, Personal Remittances, Final Consumption Expenditure, Gross Capital Formation, Total Reserves and Covid-19 is analyzed. The empirical analysis through ARDL F-bound test shows that Consumer Price Index, External Debt Stock, Foreign Direct Investment, Personal Remittances and Total Reserves have a significant and positive impact on GDP. Moreover, Final Consumption Formation and Gross Capital Formation have negative and insignificant impact on GDP. Lastly, Covid-19 have negative but significant impact on GDP. The finding suggests that Pakistan should use remittances cleverly and try to maximize the remittances inflows which will benefit the economic growth of Pakistan as a whole.