Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
LOGICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT OF PHYSICAL CONCEPTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FORMATION OF A SCIENTIFIC PICTURE OF THE WORLD IN SPECIALIZED CLASSES WITH AN IN-DEPTH STUDY OF PHYSICS

The article analyzes the concepts of “mass”, “rest mass”, “relativistic mass”, “energy” and considers their content in accordance with modern scientific ideas. An analysis of the specified concepts in physics textbooks and their correspondence to modern scientific theories ‒ special relativity and quantum theory ‒ was carried out. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature, it is shown that according to Minkovskyʼs formalism, mass is a scalar quantity that depends on the 4-vector momentum, and therefore does not depend on the choice of reference system. The introduction of the concept of relativistic mass and the functional relationship between mass and speed is unjustified. In the teaching methodology of physics, it is necessary to take into account the specified features, since in textbooks there is an incorrect or inaccurate description of the concepts “rest mass”, “rest energy”, “total energy” and the connection of rest energy with the speed of light in a vacuum. These concepts play an important role in the formation of a scientific picture of the world in lyceum students.In most studies, despite their scientific value and practical significance for the methodology of teaching physics and natural sciences in general, insufficient attention is paid to the formation of fundamental concepts that are the basis of relevant physical theories. The analysis of modern programs and textbooks shows that the system of physical concepts in the school course consists mainly of fundamental concepts, the formation of which occurs throughout the course of physics taught in gymnasiums and lyceums. The level of formation of these concepts should correspond to the current level of their interpretation in science. However, the structuring of the educational material only in general terms repeats the structure of physical science, as it takes into account the didactic aspect of physical knowledge.&#x0D; Keywords: scientific picture of the world; special theory of relativity; quantum theory; mass; energy; momentum; rest mass; rest energy; relativistic mass.
WEB DEVELOPERS' PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE PERSONALITY OF A SUCCESSFUL SPECIALIST

The article is devoted to an empirical study of the ideas of web developers about the success of a specialist in their professional field. It was determined that in modern science considerable attention is paid to the study of the personality of software developers and their influence on the success of professional and team activities. It is shown that the subjective differential method was used to diagnose respondents' ideas about the personality of a successful web developer, which allows people to express their subjective experiences and feelings about a certain personality or concept. A special advantage of the technique is that it allows quantitative measurement of such difficult-to-measure indicators as perceptions. In the course of empirical research, it was determined that when evaluating a successful personality, web developers chose only qualities from the positive spectrum. From their point of view, the most common qualities of a successful web developer are: rationality, meaningfulness, excitement, need, high salary, and voluntariness.
Challenges and impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil: Perspectives on coping policies and their consequences on public health

The COVID-19 pandemic brought an overload of health systems, with the search for beds to support the demand of patients hospitalized for COVID-19, the heterogeneity and availability of resources in the public and private spheres, was evidenced throughout the pandemic, demonstrating different organizational policies in different regions of Brazil to face the pandemic. To understand the challenges and impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, focusing on the coping policies adopted and their consequences on public health, a literature review was conducted. There was a need to understand the panorama of government actions and their effects on reducing the transmission of the virus, on the response capacity of the health system, and on the social impacts. This review is based on the investigation and analysis of the existing scientific production in the literature, providing a comprehensive compilation of information, covering various topics, allowing the identification of relevant knowledge gaps that can serve as a basis for future research. The country's economic policy needed to use financial resources to face the crises of the pandemic in the sectors of science, education, health, technology and social protection. This crisis resulting from the pandemic on a global scale also provided a crisis of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), fostering reflections to restore the progress of the SDGs. It is observed that the COVID-19 pandemic has provided negative impacts on the entire world population, stimulating a gap for the reflection of policies to cope with pandemic outbreaks.
Rare diseases: What information is available on social media?

Rare diseases are those that affect up to 65 people per 100,000 individuals, that is, 1.3 people per 2,000 individuals, and are classified in their nature as: genetic and non-genetic in origin. Considering the difficult access to the correct diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases, the internet, through virtual social media, has been a tool for support and clarification of patients and families. The aim of this study was to verify the information available on rare diseases on the internet, using the virtual social media Facebook and Instagram and to evaluate the quantity and relevance of the published material. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study, using social media Facebook and Instagram, data collection took place from September 7 to November 10, 2022, and this period was established for convenience. For research on social media, the words "rare diseases" were used; "rare diseases in Brazil" and the question: "What are rare diseases?". In the search carried out in the virtual social networks, profiles of support groups and associations with individuals with rare diseases (04), profiles that presented concepts and clarification about rare diseases (04), profiles that disseminated the laws of support for patients with rare diseases (04) and content producers (04) were identified. Virtual social networks are tools used on the internet, being useful and easy to access and with thousands of simultaneous accesses worldwide and with a wide range of information being shared every second. Unfortunately, on the other hand, it is observed that the publications are lacking in depth and, at times, in content quality. While there are pages and profiles dedicated to rare diseases, the vast potential of this digital environment remains underutilized.
Value of Combined Detection of PCT, CRP, and FIB in Differentiating Viral Infection from Bacterial Infection in Severe Pneumonia

The aim was to explore the value of combined detection of PCT, CRP, and FIB in differentiating severe pneumonia from viral infection and bacterial infection.A total of 100 patients with severe pneumonia admitted to Hebei General Hospital from August 2020 to November 2021 were selected as the research objects, including 50 patients with viral pneumonia (as the viral group, n = 50) and 50 patients with bacterial pneumonia (as the bacterial group, n = 50). At the same time, the clinical data of 50 healthy people in the hospital were selected as the healthy group (n = 50). All the subjects in the three groups were tested for PCT, CRP, and FIB. The difference of each index level among the three groups was compared. The diagnostic efficacy of each index for pneumonia was analyzed by drawing receiver operating characteristic curves, and the independent predictors of pneumonia were determined by logistic regression model.There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, course of disease, body mass index (BMI), and other general data among the three groups (p > 0.05). Compared with the healthy group, the levels of serum PCT, CRP, and FIB in the viral group and the bacterial group were significantly increased, and the levels of serum PCT, CRP, and FIB in the bacterial group were significantly higher than those in the viral group, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The positive rates of FIB, CRP, and PCT in bacterial group and viral group were increased in turn, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05), and the positive rates of combined detection in the two groups were significantly higher than the positive rates of single index detection (p < 0.05). Taking etiological examination as the gold standard, the sensitivity (92.59%) and specificity (90.17%) of the three combined detection methods were significantly higher than those of PCT, CRP, and FIB alone. Kappa test showed that the results of the combined detection and etiological examination were in good agreement (Kappa value = 0.847, p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of combined prediction of the three was 0.964, which was higher than that of single detection of 0.859, 0.832, and 0.871. Logistic regression analysis showed that serum PCT, CRP, and FIB were independent predictors of bacterial pneumonia, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Pearson's correlation analysis showed that FIB level in the bacterial group was positively correlated with PCT and CRP. PCT was positively correlated with CRP.Compared with viral pneumonia, the levels of serum PCT, CRP, and FIB in patients with bacterial pneumonia are higher. Biochemical indexes can be used as independent predictors for the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia, and have high diagnostic value. The combined detection of the three has the highest diagnostic efficiency, which is conducive to the clinical differential diagnosis of the early types of pneumonia infection.
Defense Method against Adversarial Attacks Using JPEG Compression and One-Pixel Attack for Improved Dataset Security

come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire
A short review on hate speech detection: challenges towards datasets and techniques

Hate speech detection can be seen as the process of categorizing and identifying speech or written content that promotes discrimination, or violence towards individuals or groups. It can include various computational algorithms, natural language processing methods, and machine learning algorithms to automatically analyze and classify text data for the presence of hate speech. In this paper, we present the review of several approaches for hate speech detection and their challenges towards datasets and techniques. We highlight the examples of the architectures for hate speech detection based on combination of classical and deep learning classifiers. Moreover, we illustrate the examples of multi-labels for hate speech detection from various datasets. We found that there are still issues with defining and detection hate speech. Thus, the investigation of machine learning methods for hate speech detection is still a fruitful research area.
Cooperative Localization of an UAV Fleet using Distributed MHE with EKF Pre-estimation and Nonlinear Measurements

This paper proposes a Distributed Moving Horizon Estimation (DMHE) with an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)based pre-estimation to solve the constrained cooperative localization problem for a Multi-Agent System (MAS) using nonlinear measurements. The proposed DMHE strategy uses a fused arrival cost obtained by a consensus among neighbors to efficiently spread the relevant estimation information across the communication network. The EKF pre-estimation enables to reduce the number of optimization variables and, thus, the computation time of the constrained nonlinear optimization problem over the horizon length, while preserving the accuracy of the estimation. A simulation case study of cooperative localization of a fleet of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is proposed. Comparison with existing distributed estimation methods is carried out to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed DMHE algorithm in terms of estimation accuracy, computation time, and constraints handling.
Secure and trusted interoperability scheme of heterogeneous blockchains platform in IoT networks

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), there is an increasing need for interaction between different networks. In order to improve the level of interconnection, especially the interoperability of users/devices between different nodes is very important. In the IoT heterogeneous blockchain scenario, how to ensure the legitimacy of the chain and how to confirm the identity of cross-chain information users/devices become the key issues to be solved for blockchain interoperability. In this paper, we propose a secure and trusted interoperability mechanism for IoT based on heterogeneous chains to improve the security of blockchain interoperability. In this mechanism, a primary sidechain architecture supporting authentication at both ends of the heterogeneous chain is designed. In addition, a distributed gateway architecture is proposed for cross-chain authentication and protocol conversion. The security and performance analysis shows that our scheme is feasible and effective in improving the security of cross-chain operations in IoT.
Applications of the MPSA Algorithm and CNN for Securing Medical X-Rays

In the current context in which we live, after the health crisis caused by the Sars-CoV-2 virus, preserving data privacy is a sensitive topic and of major importance for everyone. Confidential information has become much more valuable than in the past and has practically become a currency of exchange. This paper proposes a solution for securing X-ray medical records based on an artificial intelligence algorithm that uses convolutional neural networks to transfer the style of a reference image and the MPSA steganographic algorithm to hide the digital X-ray. Furthermore, the paper presents the BeProtected desktop application and the results analysis in terms in terms of imperceptibility and quality of the recovered message.
Interaction of Music and the Mythical Chronotope: Comparative Analysis of the Films by L. Visconti and F. Zeller

The paper addresses the interaction of music with a mythical chronotope in the cinematographic work. The temporal and spatial properties of the audio component in cinema were characterized. A terminological basis, which allows outlining most of the variants ofspatio-temporal interaction of music in the cinematographic space in detail, is provided. It is assumed that the fantastical gap—the moment of transition from diegetic to nondiegetic space and vice versa—can have a wider meaning and application. Variants of the interplay of music with the mythical chronotope are described due to the conflicts of linear and cyclic time, real and ideal space. The paper focuses on such interaction in the works of the classic Italian cinema director Luchino Visconti because his filmography is largely associated with the category of the mythical. The episodes of the director’s two films, in which the characters’ consciousness shifts in time and space occur, are analyzed. A comparison of the regularities of the combination of music and the mythical chronotope in L. Visconti’s films with the debut of one of the Franco-British playwright and director Florian Zeller is performed. The similarity in the way the directors work with the depiction of the conflict between the mythical space and objective reality is revealed. It was proven that F. Zeller’s use of academic music citations functions similarly to the corresponding technique in L. Visconti’s films: in both cases, such quotes emphasize the space of the “ideal.” The difference in the directors’ approaches is justified, which consists in choosing the “ideal” dimension of the hero: for the characters of L. Visconti, it is a myth, while for the characters of F. Zeller, it is an objective reality. It is concluded that the way music interacts with the mythical chronotope can be influenced not only by external factors of the spatio-temporal connections of audio and video tracks but also by intra-narrative ones—for example, the existential choice of the hero.
DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS OF RESEARCHING THE RESULTS OF PREPARING TEACHERS TO USE VIRTUAL VISIBILITY TOOLS IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

To define the pedagogical system effectiveness, it is necessary to develop the criteria and indicators of its effectiveness and characterize the learning subjects by levels. The article aim: to develop criteria and indicators for teachers' readiness to use virtual visualization tools in professional activities. Theoretical analysis of scientific sources was used to clarify the possible diagnostic apparatus of the study, generalization of scientific approaches to define essential criteria and indicators, structural and logical analysis of the concept of "teacher's readiness to use the tools of virtual visibility in professional activities" to clarify the links between the components of readiness, the criteria and indicators of their formation, comparison for characterization teacher's readiness levels to use virtual visibility tools in professional activities. To determine the effectiveness of the system of training future teachers of mathematics and computer science to use the means of virtual visibility in professional activities, the criteria and indicators have been developed: value-orientation criterion (indicator – value orientations on virtual visibility use in professional activities); cognitive criterion (indicator – digital awareness in virtual visual aids); technological criterion (indicator – skill use virtual visualization tools to create didactic materials); professional activity criterion (indicators - the ability to develop lessons using tools; the ability to critically evaluate the means of virtual visibility, involving the needs of the educational activities organization); personal criterion (indicators – the ability to critical analysis, self-education, reflection). The developed diagnostic apparatus allows to empirically confirm the effectiveness of the developed pedagogical system for training of future mathematics and computer science teachers to use virtual visibility in professional activities.
Because Tumblr-Internet-Speak: Four Assumptions of Discourse Analysis Within New Rules of the English Language

The literature has described linguistic deviations from the conventional use of English in Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) as distinguishing aspects of language used on the Internet. (Page, Barton, Unger, Zappavigna, 2014) The purpose of this paper is to analyse the unique language patterns seen on Tumblr, a popular microblogging platform, and how these patterns fit into four assumptions of discourse analysis as described by Rodney H. Jones (2009). Using a textual analysis method on a corpus of 60 texts extracted from Tumblr, this paper shows how four assumptions of discourse analysis can be found in Tumblr posts. The four assumptions of discourse analysis are that language is ambiguous, it is always in the world, it is used to show belonging to social groups, and it is never used alone. The ambiguity of language is taken advantage of, and Tumblr users use this ambiguity as a way of creating new vocabulary. New terms on Tumblr are coined and used by different social groups to show their association or aversion to said groups. Furthermore, textual analysis shows how Tumblr users mostly use language such as contractions, abbreviated forms, and acronyms in their blogs, which indicates that the said language is always in the world - the context in which, when, and for what a language is used determines what it signifies. Lastly, the analysis shows that the language is never used all by itself: non-standard use of punctuation adds tone to the text, and it functions as a ranting tone that impersonates rhetorical speech.
DIGITAL EVIDENCE IN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS AND HUMAN RIGHTS CHALLENGES

Digital technologies offer great opportunities in every field of life, including in criminal proceedings, where gathering evidence using digital or computer devices is an important contribution to the investigation of crimes, especially at the international level. Digital evidence is particularly important in the prosecution of international crimes due both to their complexity and to its ability to overcome hurdles that international judges must overcome when factfinding relates to conduct that occurred far from the seat of the court. While the of digital evidence is increasing, however, questions have arisen concerning both its admissibility and of its reliability, as the jurisprudence of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and other international criminal tribunals makes clear. The use of digital evidence may also raise concerns for the respect of due process standards and the right to private life. In the absence of specific international legal rules that deal with the matter, the purpose of this contribution is to identify the most pressing issues through an examination of the case law of international tribunals and to infer potential solutions and best practices to consider in developing international human rights based procedural standards.
Team Composition, Recomposition, and Role Selection in Long-Term Educational Programs: A Theoretical Framework Using Multiple Criteria Approach

The topic of team composition, recomposition, and role selection in long-term educational programs that comprise of multiple smaller courses, such as coding bootcamps, has received limited attention in the literature, despite its importance. However, the rise of large-scale online learning environments such as MOOCs has highlighted the need for effective strategies to address the high drop-out rates and low quality graduates observed in these contexts. In this paper, we propose to build a theoretical framework by using a multiple-criteria technique that incorporates personalities, agile, and gamification to address this problem. This framework will be used to better understand the dynamics of team composition, recomposition, and role selection in virtual teams within such educational programs.
Application of Holistic Detection in Industrial Motion and Time Study

The integration of image processing and deep learning has become a crucial aspect of industrial development. However, its usage is still limited in the field of motion and time study. This paper introduces the development of a comprehensive holistic detection algorithm using Python and OpenCV to detect the poses of workers during operations. The detected poses from the video are transformed into variables to calculate process performance metrics such as cycle time, working speed, and compliance rating with standard operating procedures. The algorithm’s performance was tested and evaluated through a series of scenarios using attribute agreement analysis theory. The statistical results showed that the proposed algorithm can provide similar motion and time study analysis as that of human observations. Thus, the proposed algorithm could help reduce the time needed for process improvement projects and promote remote work. The algorithm can also be applied in job training and detecting risky work motions to prevent accidents and injuries to workers.