Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and integration of photonic devices for phase-change memory and neuromorphic computing

Abstract In the past decade, there has been tremendous progress in integrating chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) on the silicon photonic platform for non-volatile memory to neuromorphic in-memory computing applications. Especially, these non von Neumann computational elements and systems benefit from mass manufacturing of silicon photonic integrated circuits (PICs) on 8-inch wafers using 130-nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) line. Chip manufacturing based on the deep-ultraviolet (DUV) lithography and electron-beam lithography (EBL) enable rapid prototyping of PICs, which can be integrated with high-quality PCMs based on the wafer-scale sputtering technique as a back-end-of-line (BEOL) process. In this article, we overview recent advances of waveguide integrated PCM memory cells, functional devices, and neuromorphic systems, with an emphasis on fabrication and integration processes to attain the state-of-the-art device performance. After a short overview of PCM based photonic devices, we discuss the materials properties of the functional layer as well as the progress on the light guiding layer, namely, the silicon and germanium waveguide platforms. Next, we discuss the cleanroom fabrication flow of waveguide devices integrated with thin films and nanowires, silicon waveguide and plasmonic microheaters for electrothermal switching of PCMs and mixed-mode operation. Finally, the fabrication of photonic and photonic-electronic neuromorphic computing systems is reviewed. These systems consist arrays of PCM memory elements for associative learning, matrix-vector multiplication, and pattern recognition. With large-scale integration, neuromorphic photonic computing paradigm holds the promise to outperform digital electronic accelerators by taking the advantages of ultra-high bandwidth, high speed, and energy efficient operation in running machine learning algorithms.
Evaluation of the internal control system of banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange according to the COSO framework during the Covid-19 pandemic

This study aims to assess the internal control system in the banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange in accordance with the COSO framework during the Covid-19 pandemic period by contrasting the internal control system components for the research sample with the internal control system components of the COSO framework and determining the degree of compatibility between them as well as the importance of applying the internal control system procedures according to the COSO framework during the Covid-19 pandemic period. the significance of implementing the internal control system procedures in accordance with the COSO framework during Covid-19 pandemic period. To achieve this goal, a questionnaire was designed consisting of five axes, distributed to 300 employees of banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, 197of which were retrieved. The research reached conclusions, the most important of which is that there is compatibility between the components of the internal control system in the banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange with the components of the internal control system of the COSO framework. The results also showed the importance of applying the procedures of the internal control system in accordance with the COSO framework with all its components during the period of the Covid-19 pandemic. Information and communication won the first place in terms of importance, followed sequentially by risk assessment, control activities, control environment, and Monitoring. The study presented many recommendations, the most important of which is the need to urge local professional organizations to keep pace with the recent developments of the updated global internal control frameworks and try to spread them among professionals through the training courses they hold.
A scale to measure the effectiveness of community safety map activity for elementary school children

The Community Safety Map activity is the method by which children develop their own harm prevention skills through experiential learning. This activity shows dangerous or safe places from the perspective of crime prevention through environmental design and broken windows theory. It is found that the community safety mapping activity improved children's crime avoidance ability, communication skills, level of attachment to the local community, and crime prevention ability. However, there are no standard scales for measuring the impact of crime prevention on children. This paper examines the scale for effect of education of crime prevention for children and confirms its validity. First, we made 43 question items. These items were included in the scale. Second, 896 elementary school children were asked to complete a questionnaire. Third, factor analysis was conducted on 43 items. As a result, four factors were found from this analysis: crime-avoidance ability, communication ability, level of attachment to the local community, and ability to prevent delinquency. Judging by the alpha factor, the construct validity of our scale was sufficient. Finally, this questionnaire measuring children's crime-avoidance skills should be administered to children before and after their participation in making community safety maps.
Scars of the pandemic: New perspectives on school physical education

The present study aims to address some reflective aspects that show the scars left by the COVID 19 pandemic on students in the years 2020 to 2021 in order to discuss the challenges faced in pedagogical practice during physical education classes, through remote and hybrid teaching. Strengthening a bond between teacher and student, showing that it is possible to work with different classes where everyone feels good and learns together in this exchange of experience. Thus, some objectives a) to become aware of the reality of each student; b) what access to the technologies each one has available; c) provide support to students, investigating and monitoring changes in their emotions; d) offer dynamic and relaxed classes to face this moment together. This research was carried out through the qualitative-descriptive methodology, through experience reports, making use of bibliographic analysis for this purpose. The technique used was participant observation. The reflections from the analysis ensure that there are several challenges to be overcome, the presence of the teacher is of great importance in the lives of these adolescents to provide support, each adolescent/student has their own story and we teachers have the responsibility to show the way and only by knowing each one can we make the appropriate intervention. We are sure that we have learned and will continue to learn a lot, even with these times we are going through, with care and respect we go further working on the aspects that involve the health and well-being of everyone to promote socialization and a healthy routine in daily life.
The Effects of Ecology-Oriented Instruction on Enhancing EFL Learner’s Writing Competence

The twenty-first century has witnessed an unprecedented pace of environmental issues with catastrophic consequences. Accordingly, an increasing number of initiatives have been seized to solve ecological problems in cooperation. In this regard, integrating eco-friendly practices into EFL classes has received considerable attention globally. However, the effects of ecology-oriented writing instruction have not been explored thoroughly in the Iraq context. Thus, this study was carried out to fill this gap in the literature with 30 EFL learners who studied at a language preparatory school of a private university in the spring semester of the 2022-2023 Academic Year in Erbil. Participants, whose ages were between 18 and 24, were chosen through the convenience sampling method. The study lasted eight weeks when data were gathered via writing exams and interviews in this explanatory sequential mixed-methods research design study. Control group students were exposed to traditional instruction, while experimental group students’ lessons were enriched by ecology-oriented writing topics. The in-depth analysis was performed through SPSS 27 and NVivo. The former revealed that experimental group students increased their writing competence more substantially than the control group students. Likewise, interview findings unearthed that students’ awareness about ecological problems increased dramatically in the experimental group, while the difference was not significant in the control group. The findings of this study may drive authorized bodies to integrate eco-friendly approaches into academic writing lessons on a global scale.
Scalable Zero-Shot Logo Recognition

Brand logo recognition is a task focused on the identification and classification of logos, with various applications such as brand protection and market discovery. Since the number of brands is dynamic and evolves over time, we propose a two-step, zero-shot framework for this problem. In the first step, we train a Scaled-YOLOv4 single-stage universal logo detector to identify regions containing logo-like objects. Our results indicate that this detector achieves generalizability comparable to the two-stage Faster-RCNN model. In the second step, we employ an enhanced CLIP model for zero-shot classification of the identified regions. Our experiments demonstrate that the CLIP model outperforms state-of-the-art few-shot classifiers in terms of accuracy. Additionally, we adopt test-time augmentation to improve the model’s resistance against false positives. We also present a proof-of-concept for fine-tuning the CLIP model, which enhances its cosine similarity measures. Our proposed end-to-end solution is scalable in terms of the number of brands and requires only the brand names for detection. The logo detector achieves superior performance on the FlickrLogos-32 dataset without the need for additional fine-tuning.
Towards a Quantum - Science Gateway: A Hybrid Reference Architecture Facilitating Quantum Computing Capabilities for Cloud Utilization

The emerging availability of quantum compute resources fosters the examination of its exploitation possibilities in different scientific domains, like artificial intelligence, manufacturing or finance. A significant number of research scientists primarily rely on cloud computing infrastructures while conducting research, whereas access to real (mostly remote) quantum hardware resources requires the deployment and proper configuration of different software components. In this paper we present a hybrid, cloud-based reference architecture that lowers the entry barrier to start new experiments with a wide range of quantum compute resources. The solution facilitates the execution of distributed quantum computing simulations in traditional cloud environments, and also access to several remote quantum compute resources. The reference architecture is highly portable to various cloud platforms, resulting in efficient adaptation and application possibilities by research communities. For demonstration purposes, the paper describes our related experiences on the federated, OpenStack-based research infrastructure of the Hungarian Research Network (abbreviated as HUN-REN).
Shape Servoing of a Soft Object Using Fourier Series and a Physics-Based Model

In this paper, we propose a physics-based robot controller to deform a soft object toward a desired 3D shape using a limited number of handling points. For this purpose, the shape of the deformable object is represented using Fourier descriptors. We derive the analytical relation that provides the variation of the Fourier coefficients as a function of the movements of the handling points by considering a mass-spring model (MSM). A control law is then designed from this relation. Since the MSM provides an approximation of the object behavior, which in practice can lead to a drift between the object and its model, an online realignment of the model with the real object is performed by tracking its surface from data provided by a remote RGB-D camera. Simulation results validate the approach for the case where many points interact on a 2D soft object while experimental results obtained with two robotic arms demonstrate the autonomous shaping of a 3D soft object.
USA-Net: Unified Semantic and Affordance Representations for Robot Memory

In order for robots to follow open-ended instructions like “go open the brown cabinet over the sink,” they require an understanding of both the scene geometry and the semantics of their environment. Robotic systems often handle these through separate pipelines, sometimes using very different representation spaces, which can be suboptimal when the two objectives conflict. In this work, we present USA-Net, a simple method for constructing a world representation that encodes both the semantics and spatial affordances of a scene in a differentiable map. This allows us to build a gradient-based planner which can navigate to locations in the scene specified using open-ended vocabulary. We use this planner to consistently generate trajectories which are both shorter 5-10% shorter and 10-30% closer to our goal query in CLIP embedding space than paths from comparable grid-based planners which don't leverage gradient information. To our knowledge, this is the first end-to-end differentiable planner optimizes for both semantics and affordance in a single implicit map. Code and visuals are available at our website: usa.bolte.cc
Memory Maps for Video Object Detection and Tracking on UAVs

This paper introduces a novel approach to video object detection detection and tracking on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). By incorporating metadata, the proposed approach creates a memory map of object locations in actual world coordinates, providing a more robust and interpretable representation of object locations in both, image space and the real world. We use this representation to boost confidences, resulting in improved performance for several temporal computer vision tasks, such as video object detection, short and long-term single and multi-object tracking, and video anomaly detection. These findings confirm the benefits of metadata in enhancing the capabilities of UAVs in the field of temporal computer vision and pave the way for further advancements in this area.
Towards a Robust Adversarial Patch Attack Against Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Object Detection

Object detection techniques for autonomous Un-manned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are built upon Deep Neural Networks (DNN), which are known to be vulnerable to adversarial patch perturbation attacks that lead to object detection evasion. Yet, current adversarial patch generation schemes are not designed for UAV imagery settings. This paper proposes a new robust adversarial patch generation attack against object detection with UAVs. We build adversarial patches considering UAV-specific settings such as the UAV camera perspective, viewing angle, distance, and brightness changes. As a result, built patches can also degrade the accuracy of object detector models implemented with different initializations and architectures. Experiments conducted on the VisDrone dataset have shown the proposal's feasibility, achieving an attack success rate of up to 80% in a white-box setting. In addition, we also transfer the patch against DNN models with different initializations and different architectures, reaching attack success rates of up to 75% and 78%, respectively, in a gray-box setting. GitHub: https://github.com/SamSamhuns/yolov5_adversarial
Docencia en Pandemia: Percepciones del Profesorado

The article explores teaching work in the context of a pandemic. This study investigates the pedagogical capacities demanded during this period, the teaching requirements that emerge in the context of telework and the identification of the aspects that imply work pressure, which determine teaching challenges in this context. Under a quantitative approach, the study identifies behavior patterns by collecting primary information. This is achieved through the application of a questionnaire applied to a population of teachers in the territory under study.From this, it is concluded that remote activities require changes in the teaching and learning strategies developed by the teacher. At the same time, adaptation is required to a context in which students and teachers see their daily lives affected due to the repercussions of the pandemic, which demand an adaptive response in a scenario of unpredictability and uncertainty. In conclusion, this study reveals the challenges posed by the teaching role in a pandemic, which overcome the perception that it is only about managing technological skills. Thus, the need has emerged to clarify the training baseline aimed at appropriating ICTs, which, in turn, imply their significant use as educational tools. Finally, the requirement to prospect environmental conditions that would allow advancing the use of ICT with greater effectiveness is observed.
The ongoing AI-regulation debate in the EU and its influence on the emerging economies: a new case for the ‘Brussels Effect’?

Over decades, the EU has become a global regulatory power. This phenomenon is called the ‘Brussels Effect’. It evolved from an initially unintentional side-effect of regulatory capacity into a more conscious external agenda. We can observe these external effects of EU regulatory efforts in relation to the digital economy. The adoption of the GDPR obliged businesses around the world to adapt their data protection practices to the requirements enshrined in it. Currently, the EU is stimulating the debate on establishing high-end and future-proof AI-regulation. The ongoing policy development will likely have an impact outside the EU. In this contribution, we will explore how the Brussels Effect in the sphere of AI regulation would influence the Global South when designing their regulatory approaches. More importantly, we will discuss how countries in the Global South can find their own path without being marginalised or falling into the trap of techno-colonialism.
Digital self-determination: an alternative paradigm for emerging economies

This paper explores the digital divide between the digitally rich and poor worlds, and how an alternative paradigm of data governance can help to reduce existing disparities. The North/South World duality, now digital as well as temporal and spatial, has led to the colonisation of data by the data-rich through the commodification and marketisation of personal data and the monopolisation of its processing. Techno-colonialism has turned AI into a tool for political and economic imperialism. However, Digital Self-Determination (DSD), a novel principle of data governance that can run in parallel with hard regulatory regimes, can help to disperse power and establish respectful relationships in safe spaces for negotiating data access and management. DSD views access to data as a fundamental feature of the integrity of the data subject, and recognises that parties who access data have responsibilities including to protect data integrity. DSD is not so much about individual rights as about collective duty. Redirecting the motives for digitalisation towards sustainable data use and mutualised benefit by promoting trusted relationships in safe digital spaces can achieve power dispersal and data access equality, allowing DSD to sit comfortably in societies where sustainability is valued and benefit is socialised.
PENERAPAN HEALING ARCHITECTURE PADA MASA PRE - POST PARTUM

Birth is the most anticipated moment for a mother and her family. The numerous adjustments a mother goes through during pregnancy and even after childbirth can lead to anxiety and stress, which may result in psychological disorders such as baby blues and postpartum depression. The approach of healing architecture in maternity accommodations, both during the prepartum (before birth) and postpartum (after birth) periods, can have an impact on the psychological well-being of the mother and her family. How can the aspects of healing architecture be implemented in building design and programs designed to meet the needs of the mother and contribute to indirect recovery by providing a comfortable environment? Incorporating elements of nature in the building design creates a natural impression and contributes to the healing process for mothers during these crucial periods. Various activity programs will be provided in the maternity accommodations for mothers during the pre- and postpartum periods to maintain their physical and mental well-being through enjoyable activities. These activities include yoga, spa treatments, and workshops that enhance the mother's physical readiness for childbirth and postpartum recovery, as well as activities that promote mental well-being, such as therapy and hypnobirthing classes to prepare the mother mentally. Keywords: healing architecture; prepartum; postpartum Abstrak Kelahiran adalah momen yang paling ditunggu bagi seorang ibu dan keluarga. Banyaknya proses penyesuaian ibu saat kehamilan bahkan sesudah kelahiran menimbulkan kecemasan hingga stress yang dapat berakhir pada gangguan psikologis seperti baby blues dan postpartum depression. Pendekatan healing architecture pada fasilitas penginapan ibu yang sedang berada di masa prepartum (sebelum kelahiran) dan postpartum (setelah kelahiran) dapat berpengaruh terhadap psikologis ibu dan keluarga. Bagaimana aspek - aspek healing architecture dapat diterapkan pada desain bangunan dan program yang dirancang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ibu dapat menjadi pemulihan secara tidak lansung karena ibu berada pada lingkungan yang nyaman. Pendekatan alam pada elemen - elemen bangunan menimbulkan kesan natural dan menjadi healing bagi ibu yang berada pada masa - masa krusial. Pada penginapan untuk ibu pada masa pre - post partum akan disediakan berbagai program aktivitas yang dapat menjaga kondisi ibu pada masa tersebut baik secara fisik dan mental karena program yang menyenangkan. Diantaranya adalah aktivitas yoga, spa, dan aktivitas workshop yang dapat meningkatkan kesiapan fisik ibu dalam menghadapi kelahiran maupun pemulihan fisik pasca melahirkan hingga aktivitas bagi mental ibu seperti terapi dan kelas hypnobirthing yang menyiapkan ibu secara mental.
The Learning Outcomes in Appreciating Indonesian Fiction and Non-fiction Books Through E-learning Modules

Following the applicable curriculum, we developed an E-learning skills module to appreciate fiction and non-fiction books for class VIII students. The e-learning module consists of (1) Instructional objectives. (2) Initial guidelines. (3) Teaching materials that students must understand, (4) Discuss
Development of Assisted Explanatory Text Teaching Materials Powtoon for Class XI High School Students Country 1 Tanjung Pura

This study aims to develop teaching materials for powtoon assisted explanatory texts that are appropriate for use in learning Indonesian at the SMA/MTs level and equivalent. This research uses the R&D (Research & Development) method with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development,
Development of Android-Based Quizizz Learning Media Using Test of Second Mathematis Instruments to Improve Intuitive Basic Computing Competence in Grade V UPT. SD Negeri Percobaan Medan

This study aims to improve students ' intuitive basic arithmetic competence through the process of developing Android-based Quizizz learning media using the seconds math instrument in class V UPT. Medan Experimental Public Elementary School The research uses the ADDIE development model (Analyze,
Development of Project-Based MERIE (Motivation, Engagement, Reinforcement, Implementation, Evaluation) Learning Model with Cisco Packet Tracer Application in Administrative Subjects Class XI E Network Infrastructure SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita Regency North Tapanuli

This study aims to determine 1) Development of a project-based MERIE learning model using the Cisco Packet Tracer Application for Network Infrastructure Administration learning in class XI E of SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita 2) The feasibility level of the projectbased MERIE learning model (Motivatio