Reviewerly/exHarmony huggingface dataset:
Development of time compressed sentence test in Bengali (TCST-B)

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Auditory processing of speech involves sound localization, auditory discrimination, and auditory pattern recognition, audition of temporal aspects, auditory performance in competing acoustic signals, and auditory performance with degraded acoustic signals. Time compressed sentence test is mono aural low redundancy test which helps to identify person with APD as well as neurological deficit accompanying cortical and subcortical lesion. The purpose of the present study was to develop Time Compressed Sentence Test in Bengali and establish normative data on young adults along with investigating the effect of ear, gender, reliability and the level of compression of time compressed sentence in Bengali.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;50 sentences were developed and compressed with 100% intelligibility. 100 young adults, native Bengali speaker (50male, 50 female) having normal hearing were selected for the study. The task involved repetition of monotically presented Time Compressed Sentences. The compression levels used in the present study were 0%, 40%, 50% 60% and 70%. The compressed material was administered three times (baseline, after 15 min break and after 1 week) to measure test-retest reliability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Statistical analysis revealed speech identification score (SIS) decreased with increase in compression level. There was no significant gender effect or ear difference on performance. The reliability is good for 40%, 50%, 60% and acceptable for 70% compression.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The study provides the normative values of Time compressed sentence test in Bengali for young adults. Understanding the effects of the temporally degraded stimulus in Bengali will help in better utilization of the test in clinical population.&lt;/p&gt;
IMPLEMENTING SELF-REFLECTION WRITING IN EFL WRITING CLASS: A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH IN MADRASAH ALIYAH

Writing is known as the most difficult skill for second language and foreign language learners. One of the strategies much used by teachers, instructors, and practitioners to help the students to overcome the issue is self-reflection writing. This study aimed to find out how the implementation of self-reflection writing could improve students' ability in writing recount text. This research was conducted in a Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Medan. The researchers used classroom action research as the research design, which was conducted in two cycles. In each cycle, the researchers collected both qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data were collected through observation sheets, interviews, diary notes and documentation, while quantitative data were obtained from pre-test, post-test I and post-test II. The results of qualitative data showed that: 1) the students felt enthusiastic at the implementation of self-reflection writing; 2) the students became more active in learning to write recount text by using self-reflection writing strategy. Moreover, the results of quantitative data showed that the students reached the minimum score criteria (KKM) in the first cycle with the percentage of 41.1%. In the second cycle, the students gained higher scores with the percentage of 88.2%. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the implementation of self-reflection writing can improve the students’ ability to write recount text.
Changing the Threshold in a Bivariate Polynomial Based Secret Image Sharing Scheme

Secret image sharing (SIS) is an important application of the traditional secret sharing scheme, which has become popular in recent years. In an SIS scheme, a confidential image is encrypted into a group of shadows. Any set of shadows that reaches the threshold can reconstruct the image; otherwise, nothing can be recovered at all. In most existing SIS schemes, the threshold on shadows for image reconstruction is fixed. However, in this work, we consider more complicated cases of SIS, such that the threshold is changeable according to the security environment. In this paper, we construct a (k↔h,n) threshold-changeable SIS (TCSIS) scheme using a bivariate polynomial, which provides h−k+1 possible thresholds, k,k+1,…,h. During image reconstruction, each participant can update their shadow according to the current threshold T based only on their initial shadow. Unlike previous TCSIS schemes, the proposed scheme achieves unconditional security and can overcome the information disclosure problem caused by homomorphism.
Students’ Speaking Ability on YouTube Video Project in Online Class during Covid19 Pandemic at Universitas Asahan

In language learning, the learners need to acquire the knowledge of some skills such as speaking, writing, listening, and reading.Among the four skills, speaking is said to be a very important skill.It is a productive skill that people use for communication and used by the language learner more frequently in their activities.During this covid-19 situation, the teaching and learning process has changed from tradition classrooms into virtual classrooms.The teacher's creativity in using learning media should be optimized to get all the students engaged in the learning process.This paper aimed to analyze students' speaking ability on YouTube based video project in online speaking class during covid19 pandemic.The participants of this study were the third year of English Department students of Universitas Asahan 2019/2020 academic year and 19 students were chosen as the samples.This study belongs to descriptive research.The researcher took the sample by using purposive sampling.The data came from the students' final assignment in speaking class in form of short drama.The students' speaking performance videos were used for measuring the students' speaking ability.Four videos had been analyzed based on Harris in Depdiknas proficiency descriptions.It consists of pronunciation, structure, vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension.Having regard to the conclusions, this study showed that the majority of students' speaking ability was in good level (75,16%).However, mastering grammar and fluency became the most influencing factors in improving their ability in speaking based on the data gathered.It means that by uploading their video project on YouTube can be more excellent if the students mastering all aspects of speaking while doing conversation in English, so that their speaking may improve.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL ON RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH DIARY WRITING

This research was aimed at implementing diary writing as a medium to improve the writing skills of the eighth grade of MTs Pondok Pesantren Ulumul Qur’an Medan in the academic year of 2020/2021. This research was an action research study. The participants of this research were 22 students of grade VIII, the English teacher, and the collaborator. This research used two types of data, namely qualitative data and quantitative data. The qualitative data were obtained through an interview with the English teacher and the students and observations during the teaching and learning process. Meanwhile, the quantitative data were in the form of the results of the students’ writing before the implementation of the actions (pre-test) and after the implementation of the actions (post-test). The results of the research showed that there were improvements on the students’ writing skills. The research uses two cycles, each cycle consist of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The result of this research shows that there is an improvement of the students’ writing skills in recount text. It can be seen from t-test calculation in cycle I shows that the score of pre-test 35.9 and the score of post-test is 57.72. Meanwhile, the cycle II shows that the score of pre-test is 57.72 and score of post-test is 83.86. This indicates that by applying of diary writing can improve the writing skills of the second grade students of MTs Pondok Pesantren Ulumul Qur’an Medan is accepted.
Lithospheric Trends in Subduction Zones using Machine Learning

Better imaging of the Earth subsurface is important for understanding plate tectonics and its aspects that can have great effects in the communities in the form of seismicity and volcanism.One way to measure the lithosphere layers and properties, the most important layer that controls plate tectonics, is by using seismic waves that can be calculated into velocity contrasts, which in turn are proxies for different composition, temperature, grain size, partial melt.We calculated the velocity structure beneath of Alaska and Nicaragua to shed light on surface deformation caused by subduction.We have developed ways to identify the depth of these layers aiming to reconstruct the story of why they have the depths that they.For this machine learning project, we want to shed light on the subduction effects by finding correlation between the layers calculated through a Bayesian Joint inversion of Ps, Sp converted phases and phase velocities from surface waves with a Monte Carlo Markov Chain search of parameter space.Nonlinear trends that connect these layers make unsupervised machine learning methods well suited to objectively determine connections, such as where areas that melt could be present.Some features calculated from the velocity models for the unsupervised methods are Moho depths, Lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary depths and amplitudes, positive velocity gradient depths and amplitudes.We analyzed trends of some of these features individually and different combinations of them.Initial tests of various unsupervised learning algorithms show that Kmeans clusters are more suitable for finding the correlations between these features.We plan to use Kmeans to understand patterns within these subduction zones and between them.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar (Buku) Ekonometrika Berbasis Media Pembelajaran Aplikasi Website (Studi Kasus Pada Prodi Pendidikan Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan)

One form of offline learning transformations to the online is the conversion of the printing materials to web-based teaching materials. The hope is to facilitate and support the management of online learning. In general, the study aims to know the degree of worth and effectiveness of the teaching material in economic educationists can improve students' learning. It uses addie models. The study was done on student students of class a v-semester who took the economics course at prodi economic education in 2021/2022. For a small test sample taken 30 students. The effectiveness of test results concludes that students' learning after the use of economic etrica is higher than those of pretest students. This is significant if the teacher-based website on the resulting econometrical courses proves to be effective in improving student studies.
Peru earthquake, 8.0 Mw, registered by IMS infrasound stations Network

Earthquakes are usually recorded by seismographic stations, but they can also be detected by infrasound stations.In this work, the existing synergy between seismic and infrasonic technologies is used to detect major earthquakes, exploring the capacity of an infrasound station to also detect, besides acoustic waves, ground vibrations produced by earthquakes.The infrasound is a sound in the frequency range below the limit of human hearing.The perception (or detection) of infrasound signals is made by microbarometers, which detect small variations of pressure in the atmosphere caused by natural or anthropogenic phenomenas.Originally, infrasonic technology was developed to monitor atmospheric nuclear explosions.This technology made a significant progress since the first nuclear explosions in the atmosphere.Recently, with the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), infrasonic technology has become even more important, with the implementation of the International Monitoring System (IMS), a global network deployed by an organization linked to the United Nations.The IMS network is part of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO), whose main purpose is to enforce the CTBT Treaty by the signatory countries.This global network is composed by 321 stations with sensors from four technologies, each one suitable for detecting nuclear explosions in a given environment.Computational tools used in this work are from the NDCin-a-Box package (DTK-GPMCC and DTK-DIVA), made available by CTBTO to the signatory countries for reading, detect and analysis seismic and infrasonic signals.It was used data from the M8 Peru earthquake of May 26, 2019.Detections related to this event were investigated in the ten nearest infrasound stations of the IMS Network surrounding the epicenter.However, the event was recorded only at 4 stations, all of them located at epicentral distances up to about 3,000 km.The wave parameters obtained by the infrasound stations are compatible with those obtained from seismic stations.
Investigation Telegram based-on Web using National Institute of Standards and Technology Method

The very rapid development of science and technology has an impact on the growth of information that is getting faster and easier to access and disseminate, both through print and internet media.In distributing this information, the easiest way to use internet media is an application to exchange messages, for example, Telegram messenger.It is undeniable that many cybercrime cases use Telegram, one of which is for the promotion of online prostitution.Handling crime using an application that requires the internet, requires a forensic investigation that plays a role in the Telegram messenger investigation process to obtain digital evidence.The method used in this study used the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) with the stages of collection, examination, analysis, and reporting.The application of this method is used as a reference in obtaining data in the evidence that the perpetrator is suspected of being used in carrying out the action.In obtaining evidence, the researcher investigates the message conversation data via the Telegram messenger application, such as the contents of the conversation related to the criminal case to be investigated.The evidence that has been collected is then analyzed to find the data needed in the investigation process using the FTK Imager and MOBILedit Forensic Express.Furthermore, the researcher makes a report on the results of the analysis carried out in accordance with the stages and applicable laws.
The Role of Microcomputer Clubs in the Education of the Polish Youth in the 1980s: A Retrospective Analysis

In the 1980s, Polish schools hardly had access to computers, particularly at the primary and secondary levels. The main reasons were funds and shortage of qualified staff that could handle computer hardware. As a consequence, the youth first came across a computer, how to use it, service hardware, and write programs outside schools in the early 1980s. Often informal groups of hobbyists gathered around a single computer were the seeds of microcomputer clubs, which cropped up in huge numbers in Poland in the 1980s. The objective of the paper is to portray the role of microcomputer clubs in the process of shaping the youth and computer education in the 1980s in Poland compared to other countries. The conclusions are founded on a literature review. The analyzed material included an Internet Archive collection “The Computer Magazine Archives”. The content of one of the first Polish computer magazines, Bajtek Magazine was analyzed in detail. It has been demonstrated that the Polish youth of the 1980s first came across a computer mainly outside schools, primarily in microcomputer clubs. It was the root of computer and information technology education in Poland. Moreover, microcomputer clubs were reported to provide education, as well as foster character education, aid socialization, and shape attitudes.
Application of the Certainty Factor Method to Diagnose Escherichia Coli Bacteria in Refilled Drinking Water

An expert system is a software package or computer program package that is intended as a provider of advice and aids in solving problems in certain areas of specialization, such as problems in medicine, education, and so on.The development of expert system development in the field of bacteriology is one thing that is expected to improve the quality of human life. One of them is to apply an expert system using the Certainty Factor method to diagnose escherichia coli (e-coli) bacteria in refilled drinking water. This study aims to increase knowledge about how to make an inference engine to control the process of identifying solutions using the Certainty Factor method and to design an expert system application using the Certainty Factor method to diagnose Escherichia coli bacteria in refill drinking water.
An Analysis of Students’ Speaking Ability in Class Presentation during Covid-19 Pandemic at IAIN Padangsidimpuan

The Covid-19 pandemic has great challenges in people's life, including education.Physical distancing requires lecturers or teachers to do teaching and learning process through internet as the media.The use of e-learning is very important to support learning system by applying several platforms, such as YouTube, Zoom Meeting, Google Meet and others.This study aims to analyse students' speaking ability at the third year students of IAIN Padangsidimpuan on class presentation.This research is used the descriptive design.Students' class presentations by Zoom Meeting were recorded as data collection instrument.The subjects of the study were the third year students of IAIN Padangsidimpuan.The result of this study is the categories of the students' speaking ability in every aspects of speaking.To categorize the students speaking ability, the researcher adapted the rubric from Brown ( 2004) which categorizes students speaking on class presentation into pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, fluency, and comprehension.Then, the students' average score is calculated and classified.
Student’s Perception of E-Learning

&lt;p&gt;The purpose of this study was to determine students' perceptions of E-learning based learning in the 2019/2020 even semester lectures. The population of this research is the postgraduate students of PGRI Palembang University with a sample of 81 students taking ICT and Educational Innovation courses. This research is a descriptive study. The research data was taken using a questionnaire about readiness to take E-learning, the benefits of E-learning, constraints on E-learning, and E-learning interactions. Data were analyzed using a percentage of student responses to the questionnaire given. The results showed that seen from the responses of students who agreed to the readiness to take E-learning, it was 78%. Responses to the benefits of E-learning learning 67% who agreed, 68% of the responses to the constraints of E-learning learning agreed. The indicators of interaction between E-learning and learning were responded to by several 62 students, it can be concluded that students' perceptions of E-learning learning are quite good.&lt;/p&gt;
CHARACTERISTIC RELATIONSHIP OF LUNG TB LABORATORY OFFICER PUSKESMAS WITH ERROR RATE RESULTS OF SPUTUM EXAMINATION SUSPECTED PULMONARY TB IN KUDUS REGENCY

English translation. &#x0D; The problem studied in this study is whether there is a relationship between the characteristics of lung tb laboratory officers puskesmas with the error rate of sputum examination results suspected pulmonary TB in Kudus Regency. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the characteristics of lung tb laboratory officers with the error rate of sputum examination results of lung TB suspects in Kudus Regency. This type of research is explanatory reseach with a cross sectional approach. The free variables in the study were educational background, training, knowledge of direct microscopic sputum examination, staffing status, working life and workload while the bound variables were error rates. The population and samples in this study were all officers of the Tb Paru Puskesmas laboratory in Kudus Regency numbered 21 people. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Primary data is obtained through interviews. Secondary data is obtained from data in the Holy District Health Office. The data obtained is processed using the chi square test with an meaningful level (α) of 0.05. Based on the results of the study obtained that the characteristics of officers related to the error rate are training (p = 0.012, CC = 0.506), knowledge of direct microscopic examination of sputum (p = 0.004, CC = 0.594), staffing status (p = 0.025, CC = 0.484), working period (p = 0.004, CC = 0.594), and workload (p = 0.025, CC = 0.484). Based on the results of the research advice submitted is that training should be given to all tb laboratory officers of The Puskesmas lung on a regular basis every year because training is one of the efforts to improve the quality of human resources in terms of knowledge, attitudes and skills.&#x0D;
Design Simulation Queue Cake Shop With Lamport's Bakery Algorithm

Mutual exclusion is one of the mechanisms that can be used to solve concurrency problems in the operating system. In the operating system, there are resources that cannot be shared at the same time, such as printers. These kinds of resources are called critical resources. Programs that use critical resources are called entering critical regions/sections. Programmers cannot rely on the operating system to understand and enforce these limits. The mutual exclusion settlement process was submitted by several experts. One of them is Lamport with a method known as Lamport's Bakery Algorithm. The work process of Lamport's Bakery Algorithm starts from the buyer entering the store and receiving the sequence number. If there is a waiter who is idle (not being / will serve other buyers), then the buyer directly asks for service from the waiter. If not, then the buyer sits in the buyer's waiting area and waits until his turn. Shoppers who have finished being served out of the store and waiters who are idle serve the lowest numbered buyers who are waiting at the waiting place of the buyer
Some Reasons of Using Native Language as Medium of Instruction at Non-English Department

This research aimed to describe the reasons of using Indonesian language as medium of instruction at non-English department students. This research is conducted at non English department of Mandalika University of Education and there were two English general lecturers and 14 students taken as samples. Type of research used in this research was descriptive quantitative research by survey model. Data were taken from the result of questionnaires answered by both lecturers and students then analyzed by using frequency and percentage. Based on the research findings it can be concluded that there were ten reasons of using Indonesian as medium of instruction for non-English department students. Those ten reasons covered three functions that for teaching language skills, teaching the component of language skills and class management. The three functions gave positive effect in teaching and learning English at non-English department. For teaching language skills aimed to develop students’ understanding in reading comprehension, to discuss among students is easier, and to make English easy to learn. The using of Indonesian in component of language skills aimed to explain difficult words in reading text in students’ native language, to explain grammar, to explain error made by the students. The reasons of using Indonesian in classroom management can be seen before and after teaching and learning process such as to explain new English teaching material, to develop learning atmosphere more comfortable, to ensure understanding of previous teaching material and giving instruction for assignment or test.