RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Pushing the frontiers of biological imaging with genetically encoded fluorescence switches' (FLUOSWITCH).

assistant: **Concept**

Biological imaging is essential for revealing the inner workings of living systems. Among the numerous imaging modalities, light microscopy has revolutionized biological research. In addition to advances in optics and detectors, imaging has benefited from the development of molecular tools to observe biomolecules in action. Although the last decade’s breakthroughs in imaging have led to new discoveries in biology, there are still extraordinary opportunities for basic and clinical research in further advancing imaging capabilities. This project proposes to develop new classes of probes to advance biological imaging and allow the study of biological processes in all their complexity. First, I propose to push the boundaries of multiplexing and super-resolution imaging in living cells developing a new class of fluorogenic probes that act as genetically encoded fluorescence on/off switches. Highly multiplexed images will be built up over sequential activation of orthogonal fluorescence on/off switches, while continuous switching will allow implementing innovative dynamic super-resolution techniques in living cells. Then, I will develop dynamic fluorescence on/off switches enabling to reveal the dynamics of intracellular processes, focusing in particular on the visualization of interaction dynamics in real-time, and the dynamic detection of endogenous molecules (e.g. proteins, nucleic acids) in living cells. The final part will be dedicated to the development of probes acting as molecular integrator switches to identify active cell circuits in whole tissues or organisms through permanent labeling of transiently activated cells. Overall, this project will enable to push back the frontiers of biological imaging providing innovative tools to interrogate quantitatively and compre
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Engineered barrier emplacement experiment in opalinus clay' (EB) under Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Objectives**

The aim is to demonstrate the feasibility for emplacing a clay barrier consisting of a base of highly-compacted bentonite blocks, and pneumatically injected pellets in the upper part of a dummy canister, and to study the H-M performance of this buffer material under satured conditions.6 m length of a 2.4-m diameter drift, with a dummy canister in the middle, will be backfilled with two types of bentonite buffer components: highly  compacted blocks in the lower part, and pellets, in the upper part. The test zone will be confined between two watertight concrete plugs, and the drift will be artificially hydrated. Laboratory tests for butter characterisation are foreseen. Mechanica land hydraulic behaviour of the backfill and host rock will be monitored.At mid term the gallery has been excavated; the bentonite blocks are ready for installation; a series of characterisation tests of bentonite pellet-based material have been done; the emplacement technique has been selected and prepared; the dummy canister constructed; hydration system designed and gathered; and the sensors and monitoring and control system gathered and tested. A preliminary modelling 3/4scoping calculations"3/4 of the test was carried out to help in the design of the backfill characteristics and hydration system definition. The "in situ" test construction will be made between February and May 2002."
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Rapid prototyping scaffolds for the nervous system' under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Concept**

Advanced tissue engineering requires scaffolds fabricated at different scales to facilitate cellular repair. Neurons respond to micro and nanopatterns over which are grown and it is possible to control - to some extent - neurite protrusion and the formation of neuronal network by using only nanopatterns. The present proposal is based on four main steps: i -    Development and fabrication of Scaffolds; ii - Experimentation and testing of the formation of 3D neuronal networks; iii -  Analysis of long term survival of 3D neuronal networks; iv-  Development and testing of scaffolds for implants. The final and most important step concerns the implantation of our scaffolds in a neuronal tissue for repair. We will attempt to implant our scaffolds for repairing spinal cord and sciatic nerve injuries, a realistic but challenging aim. Controlled nanoscaled scaffolds will be obtained using nanocomposite materials to obtain custom-designed SFF scaffolds. These scaffolds will be constructed with different materials and will be decorated with appropriate CNTs and/or signaling molecules. Medical imaging will be used to target and interface personalized scaffold production for repair of injuries of the spinal cord and sciatic nerve. In order to achieve these results we have formed a collaboration based on two clusters of research centres, one in China and one in Europe. The cluster in China is composed of the Chinese Academy of Science in Bejing, the Institute of NanoTech and NanoBionics in Suzhou and the Department of Neurosurgery Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, of the Nanjing University. The cluster in Europe is formed by SISSA in Trieste, the University of Trieste, IIT in Genova, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) in Paris and the University of Lund in Sweden where the repair of the sci
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Reconfigurable Bio-nano Hybrid Metasurface for Biosensing' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Innovation**

Our project ROBOT Sensing aims to overcome the barriers of reliable nanofabrication of bio-nano hybrid metasurface by using a safe, low-cost, straightforward, scalable method with self-assembly of DNA origami and plasmonic nanomaterials. DNA origami technique enables generation of complex plasmonic structures in micrometre-scale and serves as templates for the accurate arrangement of various nanoscale components. Unlike conventional metasurface construction building directly on the surface, multiple reconfigurable ""plasmonic switch-recognition elements"" pairs couple with lattice backbone arrays in a site-specific manner and form a well-defined reconfigurable metasurface for its practical use in nanobiosensing. During capturing a single target molecule, the plasmonic switch alters its conformation to causes change in scattering signal at polarised plasmon, resulting in dark-field scattering spectral shift under polarised light illumination, to be detected by spectroscopy or microscopic camera. Barcode pattern images generated from multiple scattering signals change in an array of switches in our metasurface supports rapid high-throughput sensing.This project creates new useful information for fundamental research on the effectiveness of the reconfigurable feature in the bio-nano hybrid metasurface in biosensing. It also matches the needs in the EU Horizon 2020 work programme on Nanotechnologies, EU One Health Action, and EU Coronavirus Response, where the evaluated biosensing ability of the nanobiosensor prototype that achieves high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy could be translated into point-of-care multiple disease screening in disease control and surveillance. The applicant will develop complementary skills, reach professional growth and maturity through hi
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Partisan Ties that Matter? Exploring the Advantages of National Incumbency for Local Governments' in the context of a Seventh Framework call.

assistant: **Objectives**

This project explores whether and how politicians in local governments benefit from their partisan ties to the national incumbents. The empirical analysis will cover local governments in two highly centralized unitary countries – Chile and Turkey. First, local election results (in Chile between 1992 and 2008 and in Turkey between 1984 and 2009) will be analyzed to understand the political and socio-economic factors that shape increases (or possible decreases) in incumbents’ vote share as a result of their ties with a party in national government. Then, local governments’ budgets will be analyzed to see whether national partisan ties provide local politicians with more economic resources in the form of intergovernmental transfers, grants and debt. In addition, the possibility that levels and patterns of local government expenditures are influenced by parties’ incumbency situation in the national government will be explored. While decentralization is favored for more responsiveness on the behalf governments to increasing heterogeneity of local demands, there has been increasing awareness of problems associated with political accountability and responsibility at the sub-national level. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the political and socio-economic factors that shape financial policies of local governments. This is especially true for Turkey that has been and will be going through major administrative changes, partly as a result of the regional policy of the EU. The project is substantively important for also a second reason: The quality of democracy is likely to be hurt by any disproportionate advantages that incumbents may enjoy and this is especially problematic for relatively young democracies such as Chile and Turkey. Analyzing the nature of financial and (rel
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Seventh Framework proposal on 'Heliospheric Cataloguing, Analysis and Techniques Service'.

assistant: **Innovation**

The advent of wide-angle imaging of the inner heliosphere has revolutionised the study of the solar wind and, in particular, transient solar wind structures such as Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and Co-rotating Interaction Regions (CIRs). CMEs comprise enormous plasma and magnetic field structures that are ejected from the Sun and propagate at what can be immense speeds through interplanetary space, while CIRs are characterised by extensive swathes of compressed plasma/magnetic field that form along flow discontinuities of solar origin that permeate the inner heliosphere. With Heliospheric Imaging came the unique ability to track the evolution of these features as they propagate through the inner heliosphere. Prior to the development of wide-angle imaging of the inner heliosphere, signatures of such solar wind transients could only be observed within a few solar radii of the Sun, and in the vicinity of a few near-Earth and interplanetary probes making in-situ measurements of the solar wind. Heliospheric Imaging has, for the first time, filled that vast and crucial observational gap. HELCATS provides an unprecedented focus for world-leading European expertise in the novel and revolutionary, European-led field of Heliospheric Imaging, in terms of instrumentation, data analysis, modelling and science. HELCATS is a strategic programme that aims to empower the wider scientific community, in Europe and beyond, by providing access to advanced catalogues - validated and augmented through the use of techniques and models - for the analysis of solar wind transients, based on observations from European-led space instrumentation. All participant groups are at the forefront of heliospheric research and bring distinct, yet highly complementary, skills to the project. HELCATS will add
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'New frontiers in numerical general relativity' (NewNGR).

assistant: **Concept**

In recent years general relativity (GR) has become an increasingly important new tool in areas of physics beyond its traditional playground in astrophysics. The main motivation for this comes from the AdS/CFT correspondence which conjectures an equivalence between gravity in anti-de Sitter (AdS) spaces and certain conformal field theories (CFT’s). Via this correspondence, GR now plays a key role in improving our understanding of non-gravitational physics at strong coupling.The AdS/CFT correspondence naturally leads to the study of GR in dimensions greater than four and/or in AdS spaces. Our current understanding of GR in these new settings is rather limited but it has been realized that the physics of gravity can be significantly different than in the 4d asymptotically flat case. Moreover, to access these new gravitational phenomena numerical methods have been and will be essential. However, the use of numerical GR beyond the traditional 4d asymptotically flat case is still in its infancy. The goal of this project is to improve our understanding of GR in higher dimensions and/or AdS spaces using numerical techniques. To achieve this goal, we will focus on the study of the following topics:1. Develop stable codes for doing numerical GR in AdS and higher dimensions. We will use numerical GR and the AdS/CFT correspondence to study out of equilibrium phenomena in strongly coupled CFT’s. We will also use numerical GR to understand the endpoint of the various black hole instabilities and thereby address long standing conjectures in GR.2. New types of stationary black holes. We will use numerical GR to numerically construct new types of black holes in higher dimensions and in AdS, with novel topologies and fewer symmetries than the known ones. We shall apply them to the study
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Seventh Framework proposal on 'A Survey of Feedback in Nearby Galaxy Groups'.

assistant: **Innovation**

The aim of this proposal is to perform a survey of feedback heating in nearby galaxy groups. Simulations of galaxy and large-scale structure formation show that a heat source is needed to prevent excessive gas cooling and overproduction of stars. The best candidate is heating by active galactic nuclei (AGN), the supermassive black holes in the cores of galaxies which, when they accrete cooling gas, can emit powerful jets of relativistic particles. AGN feedback has been investigated in galaxy clusters, but most galaxies and most baryons in the Universe reside in smaller galaxy groups, where AGN jet/gas interactions produce different effects. We therefore propose to study feedback in the group environment, where it will have the greatest influence on the structure formation history of the Universe. We will use two main wavebands: The X-ray, using ESA's XMM-Newton and NASA's Chandra satellites to detect ten million Kelvin gas in the groups' gravitational wells, and the radio, using low-frequency observations from the Indian GMRT observatory and high frequency data from the US Very Large Array. Using low frequency data greatly improves our ability to detect older, less powerful AGN outbursts, and we will thus be able to study a larger fraction and wider range of activity than has been the case in clusters. The researcher, Dr. O'Sullivan, is already expert in X-ray analysis and has worked in the USA for the past 6 years. He will join the University of Birmingham astrophysics group, one of the top 3 teams worldwide in the study of galaxy groups. Dr. O'Sullivan will receive training in radio analysis, preparing him to use the next-generation observatories now being built in Europe and elsewhere. The project will thus bring a top-flight researcher back to the EU, train him to b
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Induction and maintenance of Immunological memory to Human Malaria' (IMIMHM).

assistant: **Innovation**

Malaria remains a significant threat to human health. The development of an effective malaria vaccine is a major global health priority, but despite intensive malaria research, a malaria vaccine remains elusive. A detailed understanding of the mechanisms involved in the induction and maintenance of human immune responses to malaria is fundamental for the rational design of vaccines. The aim of this proposal is to characterise the induction and maintenance of B and T cell responses to Plasmodium falciparum in defined human populations: first, malaria-exposed individuals living in London, and second, immune, semi-immune and non-immune adults, classified according to their level of exposure to malaria, in North-eastern Tanzania.Specifically, this proposal aims to:1) characterise memory B and T cell responses to Plasmodium following parasite infection;2) describe the kinetics and duration of B and T cell memory responses to Plasmodium in individuals with single or multiple, fully documented, malaria infection s; and3) compare and contrast B and T cell responses to Plasmodium in cohorts of individuals with varying degrees of acquired immunity.Analyses of precursor frequencies, phenotypic and functional characteristics of memory B and T cell responses to crude malaria antigens and leading vaccine antigens (circumsporozoite protein, merozoite surface proteins-1 and -2, and apical membrane antigen-1) will be performed. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study of memory cell responses to malaria that has been attempted in a field setting and will generate entirely novel data relating to the longevity and stability of immunological memory to malaria at the cellular level. Furthermore, detailed characterisation of the different aspects of anti-malaria immune response
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Exhaust Gas Purification System' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Impact**

The advent of international sea transport, which now carries over 90% of worldwide trade, has shaped an interconnected global economy, but at a cost to our planet’s ecosystem. Maritime transport annually emits >1 billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), sulphur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are known to lead to significant health and environmental problems. Approximately 90% of city dwellers in Europe are exposed to pollutants at concentrations higher than the air quality levels deemed harmful to health. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has addressed these concerns by introducing regulations for the prevention of air pollution under Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention (known as IMO2020). This regulation has been adopted by 177 states. AnnexVI imposes a framework of mandatory limits on emissions of SOx and NOx and will come into effect in January 2020. As it is estimated that <1% of the worldwide fleet is currently operating within these regulatory limits for sulphur emissions for open ocean areas, there is a major need in the shipping market to provide a solution that is commercially feasible and can comply with the impending air emission regulations. DAPHNE has thus developed SulPure: an innovative exhaust gas purification system. SulPure is an all-in-one, ready to install, turnkey solution for the shipping industry that simultaneously removes both SOx and NOx pollutants from marine engine exhaust gas, which is an unparalleled feat in the gas cleaning industry. It is also easier to install and maintain than conventional systems and is cheaper than state-of-the-art scrubbers. By servicing only 32 ships (of the potential ~53 000 vessels) with SulPure by 2023, DAPHNE’s revenue will be EUR 63 million. Market and competitive analysis by the world’s l