RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Fifth Framework proposal on 'European integrated hydrogen project - phase ii (EIHP2)'.

assistant: **Concept**

Objectives and problems to be solved: Provide inputs for regulatory activities on an EU and global level to facilitate harmonised pro-cedars for the approval of hydrogen fuelled road vehicles (with both internal combustion en-gene and fuel cell drive trains), hydrogen refuelling infrastructure and the relevant interfaces between the vehicle and the filling station. Ensure safe development, introduction and operation of hydrogen fuelled road vehicles and hydrogen filling stations throughout the EU and also on a global scale. By achieving the above objectives one of the commonly perceived barriers for the introduction of hydrogen-fuelled vehicles with maximum well-to-wheel energy efficiencies and minimum well-to-wheel emissions - i.e. the approval of vehicles for operation on public roads with pub-lily accessible infrastructure - shall be achieved. Description of work: Draft regulations for the approval of hydrogen fuelled road vehicles have been developed in EIHP (Contract JOE3-CT97-0088) and were submitted to the relevant European regulatory bodies and to UN-ECE WP.29 in spring 2001. These draft regulations are on its way to be de-eloped to such a level that they can be harmonised on a global level, initially between the EU and North America. By applying these draft regulations to the design and approval of road vehicles with direct onboard hydrogen storage they are validated by taking into account not only hydrogen related vehicle components and systems but also safety requirements, refuelling pro-cedars and periodic inspections. For the relevant hydrogen refuelling infrastructure components and systems, applicable national standards and regulations are to be identified and necessary requirements for new draft standards and possibly draft regulations for approval be de
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Horizon 2020 proposal on 'Interdependence of functional and structural plasticity in cerebellar climbing fibers in health and disease'.

assistant: **Concept**

Modifications of the structure and intrinsic excitability of neurons (i.e. “structural plasticity” and “intrinsic plasticity”) have been proposed to contribute significantly in encoding memory in synergy with synaptic plasticity and have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). However, it is still largely unclear how changes in intrinsic excitability affect structural plasticity and how this affects circuit function. A better understanding of this two-way interdependence is crucial to understand how brain circuits encode memory engrams and are affected by diseases. Here I propose to investigate the two sides of this function-structure relationship choosing cerebellar climbing fibers (CF) as a model. Using in vivo viral delivery in the inferior olive nucleus (where climbing fibers originate), electrophysiology, optogenetics and confocal microscopy I will modulate CF function or structure acutely in slice or chronically in vivo and analyze the corresponding effect on CF morphology or physiology, respectively. I will use previously developed viral constructs to silence the expression of the growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) or voltage-gated sodium channels to induce structural modifications or a reduction of excitability in CFs, respectively; I will also use optogenetics to specifically stimulate transduced CFs in slice and a recently established conditional knockout mouse for SK2-type calcium-gated potassium channels to increase CF excitability. In order to investigate how CF function and structure may be modified in pathological conditions I will focus on the effects of the upregulation of the RE1-Silencing Transcription Factor (REST) observed in MS and related to alterations of neuronal excitability and axo
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Fieldbus compatible microsystem' (1994-1998).

assistant: **Concept**

Technical prototypes were delivered in 7 out of 9 cases. Of the two cases where prototype systems were not delivered, the MG2 case was due to unavoidable delays at the partner, and the other was due to the technical difficulty involved in the solution. This was the heart rate monitor for Solartrack. In this case a sensor demonstration was given - this in itself is a good result and will allow further progress to be made in the future.Other partners are progressing or have plans to progress the prototypes internally (P&G, Valcom,M4Data,HF Jensen, SF Control, GS Bandservice), whereas Land Infrared have decided not to pursue further development of the module.The fundamental objective of this project is to develop a family of low cost field bus compatible microsystems to meet the demanding instrumentation applications of the participating core group proposers for their new generation of products. Each microsystem will be the first of its kind in the world combining on a single substrate state of the art mixed analogue/digital integrated circuits ICs, field bus protocol ICs, recently developed microengineered sensors and recent advances in multi chip module packaging technologies. Research will also be undertaken into novel encapsulation techniques as part of this project to assist high speed microsystem production. The combination of these technologies will present the core group proposers with a means to maintain and improve the competitiveness of their instrumentation products giving them a clear advantage over the latest US/Pacific rim competing technologies. This development is intended to be a platform on which to base new sensor system products well into the 21st century. Each core group proposer has a different requirement for the basic measurand they wish to sense.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Liquidity Policies in the 21st Century' (21CentLiq) targeting Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Abstract**

This proposal explores the optimal design of central bank liquidity policies in a modern financial system characterized by new risks and economic constraints. It is structured around three connected projects, each addressing an aspect of liquidity provision: the remuneration of central bank reserves, the design of lender-of-last-resort policies and the stimulative effect of liquidity injections. Project 1 investigates how central banks should supply and remunerate reserves. The project considers how key frictions—market power, liquidity risks, and balance sheet constraints—affect banks’ ability to transform reserves into deposits. It proposes a model of the deposit market and embeds it into a general equilibrium setup for optimal policy analysis and considers the trade-off with inflation control and fiscal costs. The project will use structural time-series analysis to explain the drivers of rates in the deposit market to obtain moments for calibration. Project 2 examines how lender-of-last-resort policies should adapt to liquidity risks arising from financial hedging. Unlike speculative behaviour, hedging creates liquidity needs for institutions whose solvency has improved. The project will measure these liquidity needs using rich microdata from the FX market and show a connection to lender-of-last-resort borrowing. In theory, it will show policy design must differentiate between hedgers and speculators, balancing generous liquidity support for the former with measures to mitigate moral hazard for the latter. Project 3 explores the stimulative effect of liquidity injections using unique data on payments. It focuses on estimating banks’ marginal propensity to lend (MPL) from liquidity flows, identifying how these vary across banks, and tracing the amplifying effects of p
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Development of environmental performance indicators for ict products on the example of personal computers' (EPIC-ICT), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

EPIC-ICT will define environmental performance indicators for ICT products at the example of PCs. The indicators will relate to easy to define product properties, e.g. clock rate, energy demand etc., and are based on environmental impacts defined with LCA based on available technical specification of PCs and of its functions and components. Key method for the development of the indicators in EPIC-ICT will be Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). EPIC-ICT will - consider all life cycle phases and all relevant environ mental impacts - contribute to the reduction of environmental impacts of ICT equipment as foreseen in IPP and therefore promote the sustainability of ICT products - establish a basis for a future directive on EUP - contribute to the Kyoto protocol and 6t h Environment Action Programme - consider the viewpoints of manufacturers and regulators as well as environmental NGOs and other stakeholders of society A both effective and efficient method is therefore needed - combining scientific soundness, public acceptance and practical applicability (data demand, effort, concrete decision support) at the same time. Main key points are: 1) Identification of PC functions and customer demands (e.g. memory, performance, reliability) and of PC components and life cycle properties (e.g. kind of graphic card, power demand). 2) Translation of 1) into electronic specifics based on technical and physical units (e.g. size and number of layers and kind of substrates, PWB, etc.), based on house of quality" known from Quality Function Deployment (QFD). 3) Application of available "Generic Modules" for LCA modelling with a minimum on effort (Generic Modules are pre- defined flexible and representative models). 4) Environmental evaluation and recursion/reference to de finitions in 1) and 2).
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Screening of candidate targets for astrocytic toxicity in motor neurone disease' (2007-2013).

assistant: **Concept**

Motor neurone disease (MND) is a neurodegenerative disease, characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons (MN), leading to muscle atrophy and death. Approximately 10% of cases are familial, and 20% of these have been linked to dominant mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). Transgenic mice carrying mutant SOD1 develop a neuromuscular disease similar to human MND. For nearly a decade MND has been considered a disease selectively affecting the MN, but strong evidence has accumulated over recent years indicating that non-neuronal (glial) cells are significantly involved in the pathogenesis of MND. In the outgoing host laboratory, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) have been successfully isolated from human post-mortem spinal cord and differentiated into astrocytes. It was shown that NPC-derived astrocytes from both sporadic and familial MND cases share a common non-cell autonomous toxicity, selectively killing MN in a co-culture model system. Therefore, these cells can be successfully used to screen the toxic pathways involved in the disease and co-cultures with GFP positive MN produce a reliable readout for this toxicity, providing the only in vitro screening tool for sporadic MND derived from human neuronal tissue. In the present proposal, short hairpin RNA (shRNA) will be used to silence the expression of targeted candidate genes selected from a previous microarray study in order to investigate the factors involved in astrocyte toxicity in MND. The best hits from the in vitro screening will be tested in vivo in the mutant SOD1 mouse model of the disease using adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9). AAV9 have been shown to have a preferential tropism for adult astrocytes within the central nervous system, which makes them the most appropriate tool to specifically ta
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Light-engaged Accommodating IOL' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Impact**

Presbyopia, the age-related loss of the ability of the eye to focus near and far objects, affects 1.2 billion people in the world. While there are a number of corrections for presbyopia available (near and progressive spectacles, monovision or multifocal lenses) none of these restore the dynamic focusing capability of the young crystalline lens.  Replacing of the rigid crystalline lens in the aged eye by a shape-changing artificial lens able to respond an accommodative demand, therefore restoring accommodation in the aging eye, will undoubtedly increase the quality of vision, quality of life and productivity of millions of presbyopes worldwide.Presbyopia ERC Advanced Grant Presbyopia investigates basic mechanisms of the crystalline lens accommodation, to propose nature-inspired IOL designs to correct presbyopia. Imaging technologies developed during the project have allowed imaging-based quantification of the crystalline lens structure and its change with accommodation, aging and treatment. Knowledge gathered using these technologies, and developments combining optics, biomechanics, biomaterials and photo-chemistry have allowed a new concept for an accommodating IOL, of which the first prototypes have been manufactured and tested, therefore materializing the ultimate goal of the Presbyopia ERC AdG grant. This research has allowed to propose, develop and test a novel surface-change accommodating IOL, and a disruptive photo-activated method to transmit the forces from the eye muscle into the lens, both protected by patents filed during the ERC AdG.The Light-AIOL ERC-Proof of Concept aims at evaluating the marketability of the developed AIOL platform and at reaching a product commercialization plan to be presented to industrial and financial investors with the ultimate goa
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an impact statement for 'Competition policy in international markets', explaining its relevance to EU policy priorities under Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

This research project is about the analysis of competition policy in international markets. The steady progress of international economic integration, and the dramatic changes in technology in the past decade have raised new and difficult issues for the design and implementation of competition policy. The research and training network described in this proposal will respond to this challenge by developing new approaches to the analysis of competition policy, both at the national as well as supra-national levels. In particular, we propose to investigate the following areas. The Nature of Competition in International Markets. The assessment of firms' conduct is more delicate in new and international markets where innovation, natural monopolies, network externalities, and standard setting play important roles. This part of the project will thus seek to gain a better understanding of competition in these markets and to develop improved guidelines for policy. Economic Integration and the International Architecture of Competition Policy. In response to the above changes, there has been a dramatically increase in trade, FDI and cross-border M&A activities. There has also been renewed activity in competition enforcement and at times simultaneous enforcement by several agencies. This part of the project explores the implications of economic integration for the architecture of competition policy enforcement and the allocation of competence between different jurisdictions. The Political Economy of Competition Policy. Competition policy is an area where enforcers have important discretion. The influence that can be brought to bear on civil servants and the characteristics of the institutions in which they operate can then be instrumental for the policy outcome. The third part of th
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Resolving Evolving Aspects of Crystal Structure Transformations' in the context of a Horizon Europe call.

assistant: **Objectives**

Knowing the crystal structure at unit cell level is crucial for understanding and controlling the physical properties of materials and thus for advancing the various fields of materials science. However, for many materials, the arrangement of the atoms within the unit cell varies over nanoscale domains, especially after reactions or under the influence of external factors. Current techniques, such as three-dimensional electron diffraction, X-ray diffraction and atomic resolution imaging techniques, cannot determine unknown crystal structures for phases that are mixed at nanoscale.  Therefore, in REACT, I develop a new method to precisely quantify crystal structures varying at nanoscale, and even unit cell scale, across multiphased particles. The new method will significantly impact materials science by providing, for the first time, the crystal structure of previously unknown phases that occur in functional materials during operation. It will accurately and precisely reveal how their structural parameters - such as chemical bond angles and lengths, and the coordinates and occupancy of atom sites - vary across the particles and change under external influences or reactions. This will give the field of materials science new critical insights into the structural changes accompanying processes like intercalation, degradation and diffusion.To demonstrate its potential, I apply the technique to open questions in materials science: the phases appearing in Li- and Na-ion battery materials during charge-discharge cycling and the changes in the local structure of metal organic frameworks (MOF) during CO2 intercalation. This project will generate a whole new research direction in crystal structure analysis. It will open new doors to understanding material behaviour at the nanoscal
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an impact statement for 'Bimetallic catalytic arylation of simple arenes', explaining its relevance to EU policy priorities under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Impact**

The development of new methodologies for the preparation of biologically and industrially interesting compounds remains one of the fundamental challenges in chemistry. Aryl-aryl bond formation is one of the most important tools in modern organic synthesis. These biaryl motifs are very often found in pharmaceutical, agrochemicals, organic materials and natural products. Given the abundance of C–H bonds in organic molecules, the selective activation and use of these bonds in controlled synthetically useful transformations is an immensely important topic. In this context, direct C–H arylation has emerged as a powerful methodology for the synthesis of biaryls. However, in most methodologies described so far, the arene substrate must fulfil certain requirements such as containing strong electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups, or bearing special directing groups. Substrates lacking this feature either are unreactive or must be used in large excess (often as solvents). The coupling of ‘simple arenes’, which are not considered as pi-electron-deficient or -rich remains challenging.The research outlined in this proposal aims at developing a new bimetallic catalytic methodology able to couple equimolecular amounts of ‘simple arenes’ under mild conditions. To do so, we envision a strategy involving a bimetallic double catalytic system. The pi-coordination of the non-activated arene to a metal fragment facilitates the C-H arylation catalysed by palladium complexes which followed by a ligand exchange gives the desired biaryl product, regenerating the initial arene catalyst.The realisation of the objectives of this project would result in a powerful tool for the synthesis of biaryls, coming from simple arenes, improving atom economy, efficiency and sustainability of the reac