RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Fifth Framework proposal on 'Frontiers in Number Theory, Physics and Geometry'.

assistant: **Concept**

Number Theory and Theoretical Physics have common frontiers. The Riemann hypothesis can be cast as a Statistical Physics problem. In fact progress along this line was one result of the les Houches Winter Institute organised in 1989 during which 58 mathematicians and physicists met for two weeks for a combination of seminars and lecture series (published as two books by Springer-Verlag). Since then interactions have continued to blossom in Conformal invariant quantum field theories, Quantum chaos, Analytic number theory, String-M theory of Gravity. New geometries in particular Non-commutative Geometry and String or D-brane methods are becoming tools of the trade in Quantum field theory and in the quest for a quantized theory of Gravity. It is a serious challenge to physicists and actually to most mathematicians to grasp the algebraic concepts and abstract methods involved: K-theories, automorphic forms and arithmetic groups, categories.Symmetrically it is much easier for mathematicians to talk to bilingual physicists than to penetrate the Physics literature.This Winter Institute can be organised for clarity along three subjects (but personal interests and actual interrelations are more involved). Firstly Dynamical systems with their transcendence problems and chaotic/integrable dichotomy have seen the emergence of a minimal (arithmetic") chaos controlled by symmetries, which is realised in gravity homogeneous models. Random matrix theory is related to quantum chaos, String models and Riemann's zeta function theory. A second topic is (poly- resp) di-logarithms which connects Quantum corrections, solutions of integrable models, hyperbolic geometry in higher dimensions than 2.Note that three-logarithms appear in mirror symmetry (i.e. T-duality) of string models compactified
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Magnetic measurement with Absolute Single digit Micron Accuracy' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Innovation**

Magnetic specialist BOGEN Electronic GmbH (Germany) is recognized internationally as leading magnetic measurement solution supplier. The company offers highly accurate magnetic incremental encoders and also absolute encoders with medium accuracy. The position measurement and motion control customers are shifting from incremental to absolute measurement principle, but there is no cost-effective highly accurate product available on the market. BOGEN has identified a big market for absolute magnetic measurement with an accuracy between one and better than ten micron and calls this accuracy class single digit micron or short single micron. Potential customers designing robots, machining, printing, metrology products request further reading distances, greater design flexibility, smaller product sizes, easy installation, different protocols for different control architectures from leading PLC companies worldwide. To extend BOGEN's market position to these fast-growing markets, the project objective is to enhance the existing absolute measurement solutions to a Magnetic measurement with Absolute Single Micron Accuracy (MASMA). BOGEN will convert the existing absolute solutions to a modular encoder solution that will detect the position of different absolute scale patterns (e.g. Pseudo random code or Nonius), increase reading distances with a shift to new sensing technology and augment this with smart functions, e.g. using external correction factors. The products will be available at the latest six months past project. Within the scope of this project, BOGEN will furthermore create a chip-based solution for high-volume markets. BOGEN’s innovative, digitally driven scale writing process will enable production of the linear and rotary scales needed with different highly accurate
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Philanthropy, Sufism and Legitimacy in the Medieval Islamic West: The Study of Zawiyas as a Socio-Religious Institution' (2021-2027), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

This proposal aims to approach the social, political and architectural dimension of the zawiya. This is to say an Islamic institution linked to Sufism that has largely determined the religious life of the Islamic West since the Middle Ages. However, its study has not been sufficiently developed so far and it has only been approached on a few occasions from stagnant perspectives, which has limited the potential to advance in the knowledge of the medieval Muslim society.In this respect, after some previous attempts, I have observed two relevant issues that require special attention. On the one hand, the concept of zawiya, unlike other institutions, has undergone an evolution throughout history and its current meaning cannot be extrapolated to past times. On the other hand, it seems to me that there is no single idea of zawiya and thereby we can reckon at least two different types that coexisted in the same space-time and whose purposes differ significantly from each other due to their sponsor (ruler/shaykh). Nevertheless, there are several inconveniences that may have limited the visibility of both issues up to now, representing thus a research challenge. In the first place, the semantic permeability of the term zawiya; secondly, the disappearance of the oldest examples; thirdly, the lack of coordination between documentary and material sources; and, finally, the absence of accurate planimetric documentation.In short, this project suggests an interdisciplinary study on a group of examples that have been strategically selected to shed light on the above questions. To this end, after an in-depth architectural survey, various types of analysis and a confrontation with similar models and phenomena in the Middle East will be implemented. As host institutions, the UCM (Spain),
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Memory control; Molecular mechanisms underlying the scope of immunological memory' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

T cell mediated immunity protects us against pathogens and cancer. The naïve T cell pool consists of millions of clones, each one unique based on its T cell receptor (TCR). Upon infection, only a few of these clones are recruited to generate antigen-specific memory. Selection of memory clones is a trade-off between specificity and diversity; too much specificity restricts antigen-recognition, which precludes responsiveness against pathogens with small mutations. Too much diversity impairs efficiency of recall responses. Mechanisms controlling memory diversity are largely unknown. In this project I will identify and characterize the role of molecules that control memory cell diversity to answer the question whether optimal diversity is inherently present in the immune system or may be adjusted to benefit vaccine strategies.I will set up novel in vitro models for the generation of memory cells and analysis of the role of TCR-affinity on memory cell formation using murine cells. With this platform, I will perform high-throughput screening for the identification of potential target genes involved in the regulation of TCR affinity-dependent memory cell formation. In addition, a new mouse model will be generated for the specific deletion of genes in memory T cells. This system will be used to verify the in vivo effects of candidate genes on memory cell diversity. Finally, I will demonstrate the clinical relevance of our murine findings by corroborating our observations with novel human cell culture systems.In summary, I propose to investigate a currently underappreciated aspect of immunity. Our technological and scientific innovations ensure rapid generation of new, relevant and high-impact data. Elucidation of the mechanisms that mediate memory cell diversity are of high rel
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Structured Model- and Learning-based Localization to Support Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-aided 6G Systems' (SMALL-6G) under Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Objectives**

Radio localization is the process of estimating the state (position, orientation, and possibly velocity) of a user equipment with the assistance of one or several base stations within a wireless communication system. With the increased carrier frequency (such as mmWafve and THz band), angle and delay estimation can benefit from the large array size and wide bandwidth, and hence improve localization performance. The estimated position and orientation can, in return, assist communication to increase beamforming gain and reduce delay via proactive resource allocation. As a result, simultaneous localization and communication (SLAC) in the 6G systems will support new use cases that require low latency, high data rate, and high localization accuracy, such as digital twins, virtual reality, and tactile networks. To support SLAC systems, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a key technique that can provide increased channel gain and coverage for communication, which can also act as a passive anchor to enable/enhance localization. However, the system models used in existing localization works are either too simple or too ideal. To fully exploit the potential of RIS-aided localization, the impairment factors need to be considered, including the near-field effect, multipath, anchor calibration error, and hardware impairments. In this project, we will first develop a RIS-aided SLAC system model with performance analysis on the effect of the impairment factors. Then, a localization pipeline will be formulated with corresponding model-based algorithms designed by treating the dominant factors as unknowns. Benchmarked by the model-based methods, the learning-based method will also be developed to solve the challenging localization subtasks. Finally, based on the improvement of
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Seventh Framework proposal on 'The first stars and galaxies'.

assistant: **Concept**

The FIRST proposal has the goal of investigating the nature and properties of the first stars and galaxies. The project will exploit synergies between observational cosmology, galaxy formation and stellar evolution.Observations made using large ground-based and space-borne telescopes have probed cosmic history all the way from the present-day to ~ 700 million years after the Big Bang. Earlier on lies the remaining frontier, where the first stars and galaxies formed. Data collected in the last decade have revealed that the Universe at redshift ~ 7-8 is already mature, with galaxies and quasars already formed, many with metal-rich and dust-rich signatures of even earlier generations of stars. Despite these remarkable progresses, the nature of the first stars and black holes, and the impact they had on their environment and on the properties of the first galaxies and quasars remain largely unknown.The proposed research program aims to address two main scientific objectives:(1) Understand the evolution of the first metals and dust and their role in setting the characteristic masses of stars and seed black holes;(2) Assess the properties of the first galaxies and quasars.These goals will be addressed following an interdisciplinary approach which involves theoretical models of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis, semi-analytical and numerical models of galaxy evolution, and detailed comparison with observational data from surveys at low and high redshifts. New numerical techniques will be developed, with potential applications that go beyond the primary goals of FIRST. The results will provide new insights on the nature of the first stars and galaxies and will be of important guidance for interpreting data from ongoing surveys (HST, Spitzer, IRAM, ALMA) and for the preparat
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Dioxins in food and feed-reference methods and new certified reference materials (DIFFERENCE)' in the context of a Fifth Framework call.

assistant: **Objectives**

This proposal comprises a feasibility study on the preparation of five candidate CRMs and the certification of dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs in these materials, and the development, optimization, validation and standardization of chemical and bio-analytical screening methods for dioxins, furans and dioxin- like PCBs. The availability of CRMs will lead to a better quality of dioxin analysis. New (screening) methods, including new extraction and clean-up techniques, will lead to a more cost-effective dioxin analysis in Europe and will create more capacity in European dioxin laboratories involved in food and feed control . The knowledge gathered from this project will be disseminated through newsletters, publications, presentations, training courses, a workshop, an instruction video/DVD and a web-site.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'Misinterpreting reality: Investigating the neural basis of hallucinatory percepts' to be submitted under Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Abstract**

Psychotic disorders are amongst the most debilitating psychiatric conditions, estimated to have a global lifetime prevalence of 3%. Unlike other challenges in biomedicine, psychiatric conditions such as psychosis are predominantly characterized by subjectively experienced symptoms (e.g. hallucinations). A promising approach has conceptualized hallucination-like percepts (HALIPs) as confidently reporting a stimulus that was not presented, providing a tractable model of hallucinations across humans and animals. However, recent findings suggest that commonly used methods to measure subjective experience may be confounded by decision biases unrelated to perception. This raises the critical question of whether HALIPs truly reflect perceptual distortions, or instead decisional strategies. The answer is crucial: if HALIPs are not perceptual, animal models and clinical trials based on them risk mischaracterise the mechanisms of hallucinations, ultimately undermining treatment development.The MISHAPS project aims to resolve this issue by establishing whether HALIPs arise from altered perception and by comparing them to the neural signatures of subjective experience in humans. Using a novel behavioral paradigm that isolates perception from decision-making, I will: (I) determine the extent to which HALIPs are perceptual, (ii) examine the role of dopamine-related physiological signals in their occurrence, and (iii) identify the neural markers of HALIPs using magnetoencephalography. By clarifying the perceptual basis of hallucinatory experiences, MISHAPS will strengthen translational models of hallucinations, advance computational psychiatry, and provide a framework that can be leveraged in pharmaceutical research, for instance by offering objective and bias-resistant behavioural ma
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Rare Earth - Diamond Hybrid Materials for Photonics' (RareDiamond).

assistant: **Innovation**

Hybrid materials associate distinct components to achieve new functionalities. The key challenge in these composite systems is to harness new effects that cannot be obtained by a single material while preserving the necessary underlying properties of each component - a tremendously difficult task in materials science. The fantastic achievements of micro-electronics in this field have boosted similar developments in optics, and especially in the infrared range, where integrated optical chips combine a variety of functionalities like light sources, modulators, and detectors in circuits based on low-loss waveguides. In particular, silicon integrated optics have witnessed impressive scientific and technological progress as well as industrial production, since this architecture offers seamless integration between optics and electronics.   Among optically active materials, NV- color centers in diamond and rare earth doped crystals have both exceptional properties that are separately used in, or investigated for, a broad range of applications such as lasers, lighting, fluorescence-based sensing and imaging, and quantum technologies like quantum processing, sensing and communications.  In RareDiamond, I will design and grow hybrid materials in which rare earth ions and NV- centers can interact on the nanoscale while preserving their outstanding properties. This will be achieved using techniques allowing the growth of complex, high-quality structures with extreme localization of active centers, combined with advanced spectroscopy. These materials will enable interfacing diamond NV- centers with infrared light, a capability currently out of reach that I will exploit for innovative demonstrations in magnetometry, fluorescent imaging, and quantum light-matter interfacing. RareDiamo
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'PHOTO-INDUCED ELECTRON DYNAMICS AT THE TRANSITION-METAL OXIDE–WATER INTERFACE FROM TIME-RESOLVED LIQUID-JET PHOTOEMISSION' (WATER-X), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

Photocatalytic water splitting using transition metal oxides (TMOs) has the potential to play a key role in the sustainable large-scale production of hydrogen. Due to their activity, cost-effectiveness, and stability TMOs are viewed as attractive materials to catalyze water splitting by harnessing solar energy. A major challenge is effectively preventing the recombination of electrons and holes in the TMOs produced upon (solar) light absorption. While these charge recombination processes occur on the pico-to-nanosecond timescale, the whole water splitting process is almost 12 orders of magnitude slower! This huge difference urgently demands a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and charge-driven chemical reactions involving electron transfer (reduction reaction) or hole transfer (oxidation reaction) that take place at the TMO semiconductor–liquid interface. In my WATER-X project I will investigate these sub-10-picoseconds processes at the interface of TMO nanoparticles in bulk water by using time-resolved femtosecond laser photoelectron spectroscopy by applying liquid microjet setup. The objective is to measure the early-time molecular intermediates and their associated electronic-structures, their lifetimes, energetics, photoelectron angular distributions, and decay mechanisms of the short-lived molecular intermediates. With this knowledge we can determine the exact mechanisms of light-induced water dissociation and will pave the way to manipulating light-induced interactions to the solid-aqueous interface for improving the efficiency of light-to-energy conversion. These novel experiments will be performed for four nanoparticle photocatalysts, hematite, titanium dioxide, cerium oxide, and nickel-iron-oxyhydroxide with manifold electronic-structure propert