RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Lattice QCD Calculations in Hadron Physics' (HPLQCD).

assistant: **Concept**

The theory that describes interactions among elementary particles carrying the color charge (quarks and gluons) is called Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). QCD has not been solved analytically and becomes non-perturbative at low energies. As a result, the quantitative prediction from first principles of much of its rich low-energy phenomenology remains a big challenge. Due to the lack of a coherent theoretical understanding of its various phenomena, hadron physics still represents an important testing ground for QCD and for flavor physics. An example are the recent measurements performed at JLAB which have shown that, in disagreement with the previous theoretical understanding, the electric and the magnetic elastic form factors have a substantially different behavior as function of the transfer four-momentum squared. In the so far most promising attempt to solve QCD at low energies, one discretizes the theory on space-time lattice and computes the functional integral by numerical Monte Carlo integration. Lattice QCD is the only known approach which allows ab-initio computations of non-perturbative quantities by keeping under control all the systematic errors. Recent advances in simulation algorithms now allow simulations with light sea quarks (corresponding to pion masses as small as 250 MeV) where contact with the chiral effective theory can be made. This is thus the right moment to tackle various problems of hadron physics in order to obtain the first model-independent results. With this project, we propose the use of the latest available techniques to simulate lattice QCD at small quark mass together with the chiral effective theory in order to study some subjects of particular interests for hadron physics, namely (i) the spectroscopy of ground and excited baryon (octet
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Functionalization of ethereal C-O Bonds Enabled by Metallaphotoredox Catalysis' (ET-PHOTOX) under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Objectives**

The direct utilization of native functional groups without the need for prefunctionalized holds considerable promise to revolutionize organic synthesis. While significant advances have been realized within the area of C-H activation, the functionalization of inert C-O bonds in aryl ethers is still at its infancy. Prompted by the natural abundance of aryl ethers in Lignin, the second most abundant biopolymer (30% of non-fossil organic carbon on earth), chemists have been challenged to devise, conceptuality and practicality aside, mild, general and widely applicable catalytic technologies for ethereal C-O funcionalization. At present, however, these technologies remain confined to the use of rather activated extended p-systems, stoichiometric metal reagents and, in many instances, harsh conditions. ET-PHOTOX will offer an innovative and challenging approach for functionalizing aryl C-O bonds by merging nickel catalysis and photoredox catalysis via electron donor-acceptor complexation events. Such synergistic catalysis will unlock unconceivable scenarios within the C-O bond-cleavage arena, including the use of non-extended p-systems, non-organometallic based nucleophiles or even carbon dioxide as coupling partner. Therefore, this project holds potential to change concepts in catalysis, allowing new tactics to be implemented in organic synthesis from ubiquitous C-O bonds, thus enhancing the ever-growing quality of the European research. The prospective impact of ET-PHOTOX, together with the new scientific, technical training, competences and transferable skills received will position the candidate with a unique opportunity to start an independent career at a European academic institution after the execution of the project.


**Keywords:** Catalysis, Photoredox, Nickel, Cros
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an impact statement for 'Sexual Selection and the Evolution of Sperm Competitiveness: The Cost and the Avoidance of Oxidative Stress in Sperm Cells', explaining its relevance to EU policy priorities under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

Sexual selection drives the rapid evolution of reproductive traits and genes. Specifically, high levels of sperm competition (the process in which female promiscuity forces the ejaculates from rival males to compete to fertilize the same ova) results in an improvement in sperm competitiveness. One of the main determinants of sperm competitiveness is swimming velocity, which enables sperm to outcompete rival sperm in the race to fertilize the ova. The increase in sperm metabolism associated with enhanced swimming speed is expected to increase levels of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is known to affect sperm membranes as well as DNA integrity, leading to decreased sperm function and the transmission of genetic disease to offspring. We will investigate, in a group of closely related species of rodents that differ dramatically in their levels of sperm competition, if sperm competition results in higher levels of oxidative stress, and if such oxidative stress is prevented by the evolution of protective counter-measures such as changes in the composition of the plasma membrane, increased antioxidant defenses, or a greater degree of condensation of the DNA within the sperm head.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Health Consequences of Water Pollution in China' (HCWPC) targeting Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

During the 1980's and 1990's, China's rapid economic growth transformed the country and lifted millions of its citizens out of poverty. The economic boom, however, has been accompanied by environmental side effects, including a severe deterioration in the quality of the country's rivers and lakes. Concurrent with the decline in water quality in China's lakes and rivers, the country has witnessed an increase in rural cancer rates. Stomach cancer and liver cancer now represent China's 4th and 6th leading causes of death, and in combination with other digestive tract cancers (e.g. esophageal) account for 11% of all fatalities and nearly one million deaths annually (World Health Organization 2002). The goal of this project is to assess the causal link between water quality and digestive cancer rates in China. This research question has important implications for public health because of both by the high incidence of digestive cancers, and the fact that those who die from these diseases are relatively young – the average decedent loses 20.2 years of remaining life expectancy. In addition, recent estimates by the World Bank (2006) indicate that as many as half of China’s inhabitants still lack access to safe drinking water. Identifying the causal connection between polluted water and cancer rates is therefore of great importance in China, and in other developing nations where industrialization precedes the widespread introduction of water treatment. Identifying risk factors for cancer is also of general scientific interest an the results and may provide information valuable to public health officials in the European Union and other developed nations.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Fourth Framework proposal on 'Additifs chimiques rheologie evaluation'.

assistant: **Concept**

The proposed project meets the requirements of the ECC tender concerning the Research and Development of the Environment and Climate Programme (1994-1998), and considers especially the forest fire problem (Theme 2, Area 2.3., Paragraph 2.3.4.). Ordinary water remained the extinguishing agent the most commonly used in the forest fire fighting, but in some cases the water was not sufficient to suppress a fire. Progressively, the introduction of the fire retardant use increased significantly the effectiveness of the solution in the aerial fire fighting. A recent international seminar in Crete (October 1995) has shown the disagreement that exits between fire managers about the effectiveness and cost efficiency of the retardant use. The proposed studies will be carried out jointly in three european countries, namely Greece, Portugal and France. Partners of various origins are gathered for this work research with a complementary expertise in many fields: research laboratories, operational entities and a SME. The work will be divided into three main lines as follows: - Analytical method and chemometrics tests for assessing the physicochemical characteristics of the retardant products. - Real size tests of aerial delivery system, data analysis and generation of a dropping model, this computerized tool will correlate the rheological properties of a retardant and its impact on ground. - Development of a new foam application technique by the use of a Foam Generating Helicopter. The purpose of the project ACRE" (Additifs Chimiques Rheologie Evaluation) is to improve the use of fire retardants and to give the operationals scientific and technical criteria for their retardant selection. The final aim is to better the forest fire suppression capabilities. "
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Analysis of marine sediments for paleoenvironmental studies' (PALEOSTUDIES) under Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Objectives**

Description:The Faculty of Geosciences at the University of Bremen represents one of the world-wide leading institutions for paleoenvironmental analyses of marine sediments, a key research field for understanding past global changes and the prediction of future global environments. Additionally, since July 2001, the faculty hosts the Research Center Ocean Margins which further strengthens marine research activities in Bremen The infrastructure features a unique set of state-of-the-art, high capacity facilities for both the initial handling and for highly sophisticated analyses (e.g. stable isotope and elemental composition) of marine sediments.Through the financial support from the EC programme, visiting scientists are offered both extensive technical support, crucial for the successful application of the highly sophisticated analytical devices, and scientific consultation in the interpretation of the results, especially useful for young visiting scientists. Travel, accommodation, and living expenses for visiting scientists from EU Member and Associated States will be covered for visits of up to 2 months duration.Application:Please refer to our web-page under the following URL: http://www.paleostudies.uni-bremen.de/ or write to paleostudies@uni-bremen.de. There are fixed annual deadlines for submission of project proposals: March 1, August 1 and December 1.Project Manager:Dr. Frank Lamy; Faculty of Geosciences; University of Bremen, P.O. Box 33 04 40; 28334 Bremen, GermanyTel: +49-421-2187759Fax: +49-421-2183116Email: flamy@uni-bremen.de
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Developing efficient and stable biological containment systems for genetically modified plants' under Sixth Framework.

assistant: **Concept**

The spread of transgenes from genetically modified crops to conventional and organic crops or to wild relatives remains a source of public and scientific concern in Europe. Co-existence of GM and non-GM crops can be promoted by the implementation of biological transgene containment strategies. The TransContainer proposal comprises 15 partners from universities, research and government institutes, SMEs and an industrial partner. The overall goal of the proposal is to lift this major roadblock to fulfilling the promises of agricultural biotechnology in Europe, and thus increase the competitiveness of that sector.The project will investigate and develop a number of strategies for biological containment:- Plastid transformation as a means to prevent transgene spread- Prevention of flowering as biological containment strategy- Controlling transgene transmission through pollen and seed. Where necessary, we aim to complement these strategies with tightly controllable switches to restore fertility. The crops to be used are representative for crops grown for their seeds (oilseed rape), for their fruits (tomato and eggplant), or for their vegetative parts (sugar beet, rye grass, red fescue, poplar and birch). For some of these crops, several strategies will be compared.Besides developing biological containment strategies, the project will also:- Investigate the impact of the implementation of these strategies on environmental and food safety and possible improvement of co-existence rules- Assess the agro-economic effects for European agriculture and compare different scenarios for co-existence- Invoke stakeholder dialogue on socio-economic and environment issues by holding interviews, and workshops for specific groups (industry, regulators) and one for stakeholders and public
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Hierarchical porous PEEK via combined physical foaming and additive manufacturing: bringing circularity to advanced engineering materials' (HipPEEK) targeting Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Abstract**

A number of engineering applications require lightweight structural materials providing a good combination of stiffness, toughness and strength, including transportation, buildings and energy storage and conversion. Fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) in the form of monolithic and sandwich structures are nowadays mostly used in lightweight aerospace applications. However, FRP’s present an intrinsic sustainability hotspot, given the difficulty on their recycling. High performance thermoplastic cellular solids (HPTC) are excellent candidates for those applications requiring a compromise between mechanical and functional properties ensuring at the same time recyclability by using thermoplastic polymers. The main intrinsic advantage of cellular solids is the ability to tailor their properties by tuning the microstructure (cell size, wall-thickness, and distribution). However, conventional foaming techniques such batch foaming, extrusion foaming, or foam injection moulding do not allow for precise control of the obtained cellular morphology, production of cell size gradient or the manufacturing of hierarchical macro/microporous structures.HipPEEK aims at developing a processing strategy towards the manufacturing of porous materials of small, controlled, and graded cell size and shape through additive manufacturing (AM) focusing on Poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK). PEEK is a high-performance engineering thermoplastic with high strength to weight ratio, reported as an excellent candidate for metal replacement in a variety of applications including space, aerospace automotive, medical and dental. Functionally graded porous PEEK will be accomplished by the combination of environmentally friendly physical foaming with inert gases with the production of three-dimensional scaffolds thro
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'The Making of a Lopsided Union: Economic Integration in the European Economic Community, 1957-1992' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Innovation**

The project investigates European policymakers’ views about how to make the European EconomicCommunity (EEC) fit for a monetary union. It will thus assess the origins of the issues that are currentlybedevilling the EU.From the EEC creation in 1957 to the decision to create the euro in 1992, several proposals were tabledto improve the functioning of the EEC as a possible currency area. Five interconnected domains are crucialto achieve economic integration in a currency union, and were continuously discussed before 1992:macroeconomic policy coordination, fiscal transfers, capital market integration, banking regulation, anddeepening of the common/single market. The project will provide the first historical appraisal of theseproposals and debates, and identify the dynamics of political and economic trade-offs and compromises,shifting priorities, and alternative approaches abandoned at the time but recycled later.The project intertwines international, legal, political, and economic history approaches in order toprovide a thorough portrait of European policymakers’ paradigms, goals, and constraints in envisioning aneconomic union in a changing global context. It relies on pioneering multilateral, multi-archival researchanalysing material from all member states and EEC institutions.The project also intends to encourage the study of the critical influence of non-EEC and non-state actorsand factors on the European decision-making level. To this end, the PI will lead a team of two PhD studentsand two Postdocs to explore specific case studies involving commercial banks, big business, trade unions andthe evolution of economic thinking.The project aims to link the usually insulated scholarships of European integration, postwar Europeanhistory, and national histories of economic poli
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'European cloud resolving modelling programme' to be submitted under Fourth Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

To produce new parametrisation schemes that will enable convective cloud processes to be represented more accurately within atmospheric general circulation models used for weather and climate prediction. Very high resolution cloud-resolving numerical models will be validated against observational data and against  other models. They will be used to provide detailed 3-dimensional data, concerning both the evolution of  convective cloud systems and their ensemble characteristics, for evaluating and improving parametrisation  schemes for general circulation models.  For the observational case studies at least four classes of convective cloud system will be selected from the  following: North Atlantic stratocumulus, North Sea cumulus, convective clouds during a cold-air outbreak over  the extratropical ocean, continental European thunderstorms, precipitating convective cloud systems over the  tropical western Pacific.The initial conditions, the large-scale forcing and the diagnostics to be used in  validating the cloud-resolving models will be defined as precisely as possible.  Each cloud-resolving modelling group will run the same set of basic experiments to provide cloud-system  realisations for two or more of the observational cases selected, grouped into two work packages:  non-precipitating convective clouds (stratocumulus and fair-weather cumulus), precipitating convective clouds  (cumulonimbus). Results will be exchanged amongst the participants, and each cloud-resolving modelling group  will work closely with at least one of the groups using general circulation models.  A joint workshop will assess the results obtained from the cloud-resolving models and will draw conclusions  concerning the robustness of individual models and the error bars applicable to their resu