RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Horizon 2020 proposal for the project 'Dissecting microbiome and immune interactions in human intestinal (cancer) organoids'.

assistant: **Objectives**

We pioneered the essential role of Wnt signals in adult stem cells, i.e. in intestinal crypts. We also found that loss of the APC gene activates the Wnt pathway and causes colorectal cancer (CRC). We then identified a Wnt target gene, Lgr5, which allowed us to define the crypt stem cells. In a previous ERC grant based on these findings, we identified novel Lgr5 stem cells in multiple organs, and defined in vitro culture conditions to grow epithelial organoids from single Lgr5 stem cells. Crucial in this was our identification of the Wnt agonistic R-spondins as the Lgr5 ligands. Cultured 'mini-guts' display all characteristics of normal gut, can be expanded for years, transplanted, and remain genetically stable.  Here, I propose a reductionist, ‘mini-gut’-based approach to two exciting research fields that currently mostly focus at the organismal/patient level: Microbiome research leans on deep-sequencing of complex microbial communities in health and disease; and immune checkpoint research in cancer rests largely on clinical trials of checkpoint-blocking antibodies. While many insights exist into the gut microbiome and -immune system, the epithelium is often treated as a neutral player. ‘Mini-gut’ technology allows us to dissect interactions of the gut microbiome with healthy and diseased epithelium, and of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) with CRC 'mini-guts' (tumoroids). To this end, we will describe/study1) All immune receptors, -regulators and -effectors in the individual epithelial cell types.2) 'Mini-guts' recombined with individual bacterial species,  3) CRC tumoroids recombined with their cultured TILs and subjected to immune checkpoint manipulation. Using advanced molecular and imaging technologies, we will chart the molecular mechanisms that underlie the
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'HIgh PERformance Journal Bearing Technology for new geared TurboFAN generations' in the context of a Horizon 2020 call.

assistant: **Objectives**

The development of new journal bearing materials is viewed as key enabler for future geared turbofan engines where extreme operational conditions- out of industry experience- exist. The challenging conditions are not met by state of the art journal bearing materials and new journal bearing material concepts are demanded.Therefore, HIPERFAN aims for the development of the most robust and reliable high performance journal bearing materials and associated manufacturing processes, and will support the optimization of the entire tribological journal bearing system in order to enable the new Ultrafan™ and consequently the Very High Bypass Ratio (VHBR) engine technology.In order to fulfill this aim, HIPERFAN will follow a new direct coated multilayer/graded coatings approach that will take the status quo of current established journal bearing materials to a new level. Gradually tailored composition and/or morphology of the materials will combine maximum fatigue strength with maximum adaptability and will lower risks and limitations of todays journal bearing (material) technology significantly. Simulation assisted design and production of the coating architecture combined with sub scale tribometer testings over the entire stribeck curve and under emergency running conditions (already in the early development stage) will enable a fast screening of multiple material combinations and will develop a comprehensive understanding of the underlying tribological system.Within the frame of HIPERFAN new (systematically analyzed, characterized and optimized) journal bearing materials will be developed. Including the development of a process simulation assisted Magnetrontechnology to a maturity level of TRL6 and MCRL4 respectively.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Horizon Europe proposal on 'The Political Economy of Legal and Governance Reform in Non-Western Societies: Insights from Central Asia'.

assistant: **Innovation**

The overarching objective of POLCA is to contribute to global and national efforts in understanding the challenges of promoting good governance and the rule of law in non-Western societies. This will be achieved by designing and implementing an interdisciplinary research and training program focused on “alternative institutions and norms.” More specifically, POLCA is built around three interconnected goals: 1) To collect original empirical data and produce new theoretical insights on alternative legal and governance institutions and norms in non-Western contexts; 2) To engage with and contribute to relevant theoretical debates within law, development and governance (LDG) studies and political economy literature and thereby advance scholarly discussion on the role of non-Western institutions and norms in legal and governance reform processes; and 3) To contribute to the global law, development and governance agenda by providing strategic intelligence and policy insights for international organisations, development agencies, decision-makers, researchers and practitioners inside and outside the EU on possible ways to improve the rule of law and governance in non-Western societies. These goals will be accomplished through a multi-sited, interdisciplinary, and multisectoral research and staff exchange program involving 30 leading universities and non-academic institutions across Europe, North America, Central Asia, the Middle East and East Asia.


**Keywords:** political economy,  decolonization,  law, development and governance,  alternative institutions,  global and transnational governance,  Central Asian studies,  law and society,  Global South
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'When and where do we reach the limits of adaptation to riverine flood risk?' under Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Concept**

As climate change and urbanization of low-lying areas increase flood risk, accelerated flood adaptation by households is urgently required (e.g. elevating homes, flood proofing), in addition to adaptation by the government (e.g. dikes) and insurance (cover residual risk). However, there are limits to the adaptability of societies. For instance, social vulnerability factors such as low income or high age may reduce households’ adaptation efforts leading to higher physical vulnerability of their homes. When societies stop implementing additional adaptation, risk may become ‘intolerable’, and people may have no other option than to leave the area. At this point, ‘adaptation limits’ are reached. For the first time, LIMIT2ADAPT will quantitatively assess where and when the limits of flood adaptation are reached given underlaying vulnerability drivers at the global scale. This information is crucial for prioritizing global adaptation fund investments.By pursuing four key outputs, LIMI2ADAPT will assess global risk and the adaptation interactions between households, government and insurers. (1) We will develop a ground-breaking global model for simulating flood adaption limits by integrating two state-of-the-art methods from PIs Bates and Aerts: flood risk- and agent-based models. (2) We will use the new model to simulate historical time series (1km2; 1970-2020) of social and physical vulnerability for four selected river basins, using exposure-, survey- and census data (PIs Tate and Kreibich). (3) We will also simulate global projections (1km2; 2020-2100) of vulnerability(-hotspots) and flood risk. These projections will allow the first spatial-temporal simulation of future adaptation limits at the global scale. Discovering where and when limits occur, and how these are shape
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Reliable Environmentally Friendly Spindle Bearings for High Speed A pplications' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Fourth Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

The most dominant obstacles preventing the full use of High Speed Cutting (HSC) are currently the performance limits of spindle bearing systems due to the speed and service limitations of conventional rolling bearings. Since angular contact ball bearings are most suitable for high speed applications the Brite EuRam project EuroBearing aimed to increase the speed and lifetime of this bearing type by combining ceramic balls with coated races. As a result of this project, the speed characteristic has been increased by a factor of 1.4. However, cylindrical roller bearings show several advantages in comparison with angular contact ball bearings: apart from the higher radial stiffness and the lack of boring, cylindrical roller bearings are excellent movable bearings because both the inner and the outer ring can be mounted tightly. Due to the high friction between rollers and rim and because of lubrication problems at very high speeds, the speed characteristic is limited to approx. 1.0 106 mm/min, which is about 60% of the speed characteristic achievable with conventional angular contact ball bearings. For this reason, cylindrical roller bearings are rarely used for high speed applications. Nevertheless, the advantages of this bearing type has been realized by Far East and American competitors resulting in significant higher market share due to their intensive R&D work carried out in recent years. In order to compensate for this delay in European bearing development, the REFINE project aims to develop reliable environmentally friendly spindle bearings for high speed applications. The experience of EUROBEARING will be exploited in REFINE to further optimise the tribological systems of angular contact ball bearings and to develop PVD coatings for cylindrical roller bearings. The
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose a compelling abstract for 'Research, Demonstration, and Commercialisation of DC Microgrid Technologies' demonstrating excellence, impact and implementation quality for a Horizon 2020 call.

assistant: **Abstract**

RDC2MT is a unique five-year research exchanges and networking programme that aims to address new challenges of DC microgrids and to disseminate successful demonstrations of DC powered houses and DC distribution networks. Current research in this field has been fragmented, both disciplinarily and geographically. RDC2MT is a first-of-a-kind project bringing together unique and complementary expertise from 11 international leading research groups in the Europe (UK, Netherlands, and Switzerland), Asia (China) and North America (Canada). RDC2MT will build upon the experience, knowledge and facility gained from ongoing funded projects within the consortium, of an equivalent of 10 million Euros. RDC2MT will be the catalyst to enable the synergy and strong links among the major research and innovation investments that will allow the individual research projects to expand even further. This will be done by dealing with a unique set of challenges across multi-scales, going from fuel cell electrochemistry at molecular scale to microgrid optimizations at system level, through coherent multidisciplinary, inter-sectoral and international collaborations. It will enable knowledge transfer and sharing between project partners, establish long term collaborations, and maximize research impacts.


**Keywords:** DC microgrid, communication, stabilisation, Fuel cells, Optimisation, Demostration
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Infrared vaLLey control of moiré qUantum MatErials' (ILLUME) targeting Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Abstract**

A key ingredient governing the behaviour of electron dynamics in condensed matter systems is the valley degree of freedom. This fellowship aims at inducing topological (or valley-polarised) electronic phases in moiré systems and explore their tunability. Moiré quantum materials present a high degree of tunability as the ratio between interaction strength and electronic bandwidth can be optimised, resulting in flat bands and correlated electronic states. Control of such phases with circularly polarised light would allow to understand the valley-polarisation, topological protection, and the mechanisms underlying the emergence of flat-band superconductivity and correlated insulators. The project will use an interdisciplinary methodology combining electronic transport techniques with infrared far-field irradiation and near field imaging, to create, manipulate and explore novel phases with non-trivial topology (valley polarisation) in moiré materials. The researcher will conduct transport measurement with circularly polarised light to selectively induce inter-valley scattering in 1D channels and explore superconducting interferences in this regime. The project will also quantify the influence of circularly polarised light (CPL) on the superconducting phases and correlated insulators in flat band moiré systems, in order to comprehend the interplay of strongly correlated electronic states with CPL and understand their origin. The fellowship will control and explore novel phases with non-trivial topology in moiré materials, providing new understanding of valley-polarised phases. This objective is a steppingstone towards the creation of new optoelectronic devices such as photonic diodes, optical transistors and logic circuits, and could lead to new concepts as topological nanoph
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'Dissecting the Role of Dendrites in Memory' to be submitted under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

Understanding the rules and mechanisms underlying memory formation, storage and retrieval is a grand challenge in neuroscience. In light of cumulating evidence regarding non-linear dendritic events (dendritic-spikes, branch strength potentiation, temporal sequence detection etc) together with activity-dependent rewiring of the connection matrix, the classical notion of information storage via Hebbian-like changes in synaptic connections is inadequate. While more recent plasticity theories consider non-linear dendritic properties, a unifying theory of how dendrites are utilized to achieve memory coding, storing and/or retrieval is cruelly missing. Using computational models, we will simulate memory processes in three key brain regions: the hippocampus, the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex. Models will incorporate biologically constrained dendrites and state-of-the-art plasticity rules and will span different levels of abstraction, ranging from detailed biophysical single neurons and circuits to integrate-and-fire networks and abstract theoretical models. Our main goal is to dissect the role of dendrites in information processing and storage across the three different regions by systematically altering their anatomical, biophysical and plasticity properties. Findings will further our understanding of the fundamental computations supported by these structures and how these computations, reinforced by plasticity mechanisms, sub-serve memory formation and associated dysfunctions, thus opening new avenues for hypothesis driven experimentation and development of novel treatments for memory-related diseases. Identification of dendrites as the key processing units across brain regions and complexity levels will lay the foundations for a new era in computational and experimenta
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Polarimetric characterization of natural and artificial chiral anisotropic media' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

We propose the study the interaction of electromagnetic field with complex chiral media media at optical frequencies by means of Mueller matrix polarimetry. The project  spreads on two main areas of study: natural and artifical chiral anisotropic media. To start with, we will study the effect of chiral polarizations and chiral transfer in natural supramolecular chemical systems. When it comes to artiﬁcial materials, we will work on the characterization of the so-called metamaterials, with totally new effective dielectric properties from nanometer-sized ‘‘photonic atoms’’. The main optical property where we will focus our attention is the optical activity displayed by some photonic metamaterials. To accomplish these studies we plan to develop new measurement technologies based on Mueller matrix polarimetry.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Horizon 2020 proposal on 'New Blue Revolution through a pioneering pathogen-trapping technology  based on bioselective hydrogel-forming proteins'.

assistant: **Innovation**

Aquaculture is a key player to ensure future food and nutrition security. However, intensive farming models are leading to a dramatic increase in infection outbreaks that drastically impact fish health, food production, the environment and this industry's bottom line. Current strategies to control and prevent infections in intensive aquaculture (mainly vaccines and antibiotics) have important drawbacks, which pose a great challenge to the future sustainability of global fish production. Here, we propose to transform the aquaculture future through a paradigm change in infectious-disease management practices by providing industry with a pioneering pathogen-trapping technology, PathoGelTrap, able to target and remove specific pathogens directly from water. Going way beyond the state of the art, we will use the current knowledge on self-assembling properties of the Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation proteins (LLPS) and affibodies (AFB) to rationally design a chimeric biomimetic material (LLPS-AFB chimera) that will efficiently recognize and trap fish pathogens (both viruses and bacteria) directly in the water and inactivate them. Thanks to the versatility offered by LLPS proteins, we propose to provide the industry with two different solutions: i) PathoGelTrap Liquid (only for closed fish farms): here the LLPS-AFB monomeric protein acts as a flocculant agent to be added in situ, i.e. directly into the fish-farm water. The protein will bind the targeted pathogens in the water and later self-assemble into liquid droplets that will evolve into hydrogels, which will drag in turn the pathogen to the bottom; ii) PathoGelTrap Filter: here we will cast a customized LLPS-AFB hydrogel to be used as a preformed filter that will trap the pathogens as they pass through the regular aquacultu
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Fourth Framework proposal on 'Economic determinants of the distribution of health and health care in Europe'.

assistant: **Innovation**

Objectives:* To examine the role of financial factors - especially user charges, private insurance and income - in determining individuals' utilisation of health services. * To examine the determinants of private insurance and the existence of adverse selection in the health insurance market. * To examine the extent of, and the role of economic factors in generating inequalities in health.Brief description:The project is a response to the concerns that have been expressed in several European countries over the possible adverse consequences, in terms of both equity in health care utilisation and inequalities in health, of the continued growth of user charges, private health insurance and income inequality. The first aim of the project is to explore the role of user charges, private insurance and income in influencing health care utilisation in various European countries. The structure of user charges will be analysed, especially their relationship with income, as will the effect of user charges of the poor and those in higher income groups and to the variation across countries in the impact of user charges on utilisation. The effects of private insurance (moral hazard) and income will also be explored, again in a comparative context. The second aim of the project is to establish the economic determinants of the demand for private health insurance. This has an important equity dimension in its own right but is also important given the scope for choice of insurance coverage and the need to take this into account when trying to estimate the moral hazard effect. One of the factors to e explored in this work is the possibility that high anticipated expenditures may encourage people to demand private insurance (adverse selection). As in the case of the first objective, the aim