RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'NUMERICAL RESEARCH ON THE PREDICTION OF THE 3-D COMPRESSIBLE FLOW IN TURBOMACHINERY CHANNELS TO ESTIMATE THE LOSSES, TO INCREASE THE FLOW EFFICIENCY AND TO MINIMIZE THE HERMFUL IMPACT ON ENVIROMENT' (2002-2006) under Sixth Framework.

assistant: **Objectives**

Until now the significant part of the world electrical and heat energy is produced by means of steam or gas turbine, which are the main part of the power and on the reduction of the toxins emission. The numerical calculations of the flow through the turbines channels (stages) are very complicated and time consuming, therefore require an efficient numerical code. In these types of flows we have to take into consideration an additional physical phenomena, like condensation in steam turbines or chemical reactions in gas turbines. The first purpose of the research on an improvement of the flow efficiency in turbo machinery is to apply and develop a numerical code elaborated during the two years of the initial Marie Curie Individual Fellowship. This code was related to estimate the losses in the flow of the steam in the stages of LP (low pressure) steam turbine. In this case the numerical simulation was based on the time dependent 3-D Reynolds averaged Nervier-Stokes equations, which were coupled with a two-equation turbulence model (k-o SST model) and additional mass conservation equations for the liquid phase (two for homogeneous and one for heterogeneous condensation). The set of governing equations was closed by a real gas equation of state, so called 'local' gas equation of state. The condensation phenomena were modelled based on the classical nucleation theory of Volume, Freckle and Zeldovich. The Gyarmathy's droplet growth equation was used. The system of governing equations was discredited on a multi-block structured grid using the finite-volume method and integrated in time using an explicit Runge-Kutta method. This numerical code will be developed to the calculations of the flow in gas turbines. The applied 'local' real gas equation of state will be suitable to the
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Horizon 2020 proposal on 'Inherently Flexible X-Ray Imaging Detector using Single Photon Avalanche Photodiodes and Scintillating Fibres'.

assistant: **Innovation**

X-ray imaging is a key component of applications ranging from medicine and food to security and industrial non-destructive testing (NDT). Current approaches to X-ray detection however are limited with respect to shape flexibility and material cost.Inherent inflexibility of the digital electronics and scintillating materials used both in charge integrating and particle counting detectors leads to inaccurate imaging of complex geometries due to geometric magnification. This is particularly problematic in industrial NDT where defects in complex shapes are easy to miss, and in medical applications where early detection of abnormalities can make the difference between life and death. In medical applications, the inability to resolve complex features within the human body is offset by higher radiation dosage, thereby increasing health risks. Moreover, current architectures require the hardware and electronic systems to be placed across the beam path. Thus, they need to be radiation-hardened sacrificing pixel density, greatly increasing the cost of manufacturing, limiting shelf life and making maintenance practically impossible.FleX-RAY completely redefines X-ray detectors by introducing an utterly novel design where the hardware and electronics for detection are placed outside of the beam path, greatly reducing material and manufacturing costs. Our architecture achieves unprecedented versatility as multiple grids of fibres can be stacked to enable finer resolutions as well as particle tracking capabilities. Finally, by leveraging fiber Bragg gratings, our detector’s shape can be interrogated in real-time removing the need to know the imaged geometry beforehand.Our project brings together cross-disciplinary expertise in materials, fibre optics, analogue and digital electronics
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Supporting smart financing implementation for energy efficient Balkan Buildings' under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Concept**

The overall aim of this proposal is to set up permanent discussion forums on energy efficiency investment topics gathering government, local and regional authorities, financial sector, ESCOs, homeowners, industry sector, construction sector and SME sector. The focus of the roundtables should include existing private and public buildings, industry and SME’s. The forums will gather and upscale existing best practices from the national and European level, develop strategies, and action plans, propose improvements in the national policy frameworks and measures, and follow their implementation, develop jointly template documents and contracts leading to a better functioning of the market. The roundtables will act as a forum where all stakeholders can learn from successful market initiatives, and can provide input into the policy making process


**Keywords:** Energy efficiency, Buildings, Roundtables, Financi
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'The dynamics of pro- and anti-immigrant movements in Italy and Spain' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

Our proposed research focuses on the interplay between pro- and anti-immigrant movements in  Italy and Spain. We attempt to fill a gap in the social movement literature by analyzing the processes and mechanisms by which social movements affect each other. A systematic study will be provided that will shed light on various aspects of the mobilization-countermobilization (MCM) impact. In particular, we will examine how each side affects the forms, development, claims, and efficacy of its opponent, the conditions that allow certain consequences and the processes leading movements to have an impact on each other. The project focuses on three key aspects of the interaction between pro- and anti-immigrant movements. First, we investigate how framing strategies evolve according to the needs of SMOs (social movement organizations) embroiled in MCM-generated conflicts. Second, we examine the ways in which MCM dynamics influence a movement's selection of particular tactics. Thirdly, we scrutinize how the dynamics of movement-countermovement interactions are influencing the construction of activists’ collective identities. The primary aim of the research is to advance our understanding of the polarization of the politics of immigration through the examination of relevant social movement interactions. In order to reach this goal our research project aims to develop a closer connection between migration and social movement research.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Inter materials and structures mechanoperception for self learning' under Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Concept**

Forests, insect swarms, bones during remodeling, are striking examples of biological systems whose elements possess the ability to sense and exchange signals. These signals are exploited to adapt to evolving environmental conditions and to learn how to improve performance, in some cases without a centralized control.Can materials and structures be enabled with the same capabilities? How can we build devices that exchange information on a mechanistic base and exploit these to learn how to optimally react to external stimuli? To what extent can materials and structures be endowed with active inference processes which mimic brain activities?Finding answers to these questions is the challenge of IMMENSE, with the overarching aim to create materials and structures able to sense, exchange signals, interpret and compare them, thus achieving self-learning and self-adaptation. This will be a major step toward the design of sentient materials and structures.Solid and structural mechanics, solid-fluid interaction, smart architected metamaterials, coupled with multi-physics phenomena at micro and macro scales, will be combined to implement sensing and signal control abilities on mechanistic bases.Complex dynamic responses of oscillator arrays, coupled with physical “in materia” computing replicating classification and learning processes, will be innovative tools designed to implement learning and reacting abilities.Experiments will be performed at micro and meso scales on “ad hoc” designed proof of principles prototypes, to obtain evidence of sentient materials and structures.IMMENSE will set the stage for a new class of materials and structures implemented with local, decentralized sensing, monitoring and reacting abilities and will open to a variety of new applications, including
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'LOW-NOX GASBURNER' (1994-1998).

assistant: **Concept**

This project was concerned with the development of a gasburner for use in heating of buidings, typically in the power range 5 - 7,000 kW. The concept was to produce a super LOW-NOX gasburner meeting European standards 676 and 90/396/EWG. The specific aspect of this LOW-NOX gasburner is the technique of burning/combustion, the surface-burning and the infra-red-radiation of the ceramic gas-burner-head, which produces a performance, with low emissions, very low noise-value and with a high degree of efficiency.The aims of the project included:- improvement of the structure of the ceramic and analyse of the problem factors- development of a power reduction cycle, which drastically reduces the consumption of power of this burner.- adaptation of this system to meet gas regulations for boiler modules to build power/reducing/super-LOW-NOX-burner/boiler-units.The key project development was of a ceramic gas-burner-head, now known as 'SuperMagma' for surface-burning and infra-red-radiation. This involved testing and optimisation of prototypes in the field; market testing; patent protection; and technology transfer to different countries and markets in and outside Europe. The success of this project has the potential for a very positive impact on the environment. There was also the prospect of licence fee income from technology transfer out of Europe, e.g. to the USA.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Fast-response Electrically heated catalytic reactor technology for CO2 reDUCTion' (2021-2027) under Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Objectives**

The e-CODUCT project aims at electrifying the simultaneous chemical conversion acid gas components (CO2 and H2S) into the platform molecule CO and marketable sulphur using an electrothermal fluidised bed reactor (ETFB) technology. The corresponding process will comprise two steps: a first one for CO2 and H2S reduction into COS and a second step for COS decomposition into the platform molecule CO and Claus grade sulphur. To demonstrate its valorisation potential, CO will be converted into green methanol as final product using a third reaction. The e-CODUCT consortium is composed of nine entities including industrial and academic partners spanning a complete value chain from material suppliers and engineers to modelling experts and technology providers. e-CODUCT will optimise and scale-up the reactor materials and catalysts to TRL6 to 16t/y of CO production while reducing reactor size by 50%, among others via the removal of heating units. Techno-economic and environmental assessment of the reactor performances will demonstrate -40% CAPEX and OPEX as well as -50% of GHG emissions. Optimisation of operating conditions and reaction yield will be supported by fundamental (micro)kinetic modelling as well as industrial process planning accounting for variability of feedstock composition and renewable energy resources. Integrated conceptual design will fasten future scale-up and commercialisation of the reactor demonstrator at TRL9 with a final capacity of 34kt of CO2 converted per year. e-CODUCT will provide a first-of-a-kind fast-response electrically heated catalytic reactor able to replace the conventional Claus unit for sulphur recovery and simultaneous electroreduction of CO2, allowing -50% energy demand for acid gas treatment in over 130 refineries in Europe by 2035. The
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose a compelling abstract for 'Transforming fly ash waste from coal-fired power plants into lightweight engineered sand for multiple applications' demonstrating excellence, impact and implementation quality for a Horizon 2020 call.

assistant: **Abstract**

Established in 2012, ZaaK Technologies GmbH is an eco-innovative SME, dedicated to the development and exploitation of technologies which recycle industrial wastes into value added products. Over the past 3 years, we have developed and demonstrated a multiple award winning patent-pending technology which transforms fly ash, a waste product from coal-fired power plants, into value-added lightweight engineered sand, called ZaaK™Sand, which is in accordance with harmonized technical specifications DIN EN 4226-3, DIN EN 13139, and DIN EN 15033-1/2.ZaaK™Sand is a superior and cost-effective alternative to natural sand, crushed stones, and lightweight fine aggregates, for use in the manufacture of advanced building and construction materials, and in certain niche applications like horticulture and hydroponic applications. Replacing normal sand with ZaaK™Sand in buildings leads to: (a)improving thermal efficiency by up to 500%(b)reducing dead-load by up to 12% resulting in savings of energy intensive materials such as cement and steel(c)increase life of buildings by up to 2 times due to a phenomenon called, internal curingZaaK™Sand aim is to arrest the depletion of dwindling natural sources of sand and thereby reduce destruction of precious ecosystem impacted by sand mining. It also addresses the economic and socio-environmental problems associated with the disposal of fly ash.Our key objectives within the project timeframe are:•To build an Integrated Pilot Plant (IPP) to produce ZaaK™Sand for customers in our introductory markets.•To use the IPP to further optimise the manufacturing process.•To use the IPP as a demonstration showcase, to disseminate and communicate the project results, and to attract new customers and investors.Our objective is to enter the market in 2020, th
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Process design for rubber-pad forming operations in the SME sheet-metal workshop' (1994-1998).

assistant: **Innovation**

Rubber-pad forming is an industrial manufacturing process for the production of discrete sheet-metal parts. In essence, the workpiece is brought into its final shape by forming it between two tools, of which one is rigid (often a metal punch or die) and, the other one flexible (the rubber pad). Until recently, rubber-pad forming has been used almost exclusively in the aircraft industry. Being economically suitable for production volumes of up to a few thousand parts, the technique is now attracting attention in other sectors too, in particular from small- and mediumsize enterprises. To utilise the process for the product materials and shapes which are customary here, further research and technological development work is required. Except that it must be technically feasible to produce the parts, it is also imperative that the process design for these parts is mastered. The proposed research aims at generating the technological data which are necessary to achieve the latter. This includes such matters as tooling principle, tooling geometry, blank shape, and processing parameters. Also, obtained information will be developed into an algorithm which is to assist in process planning. This procedure will be designed to transform computer-aided design (CAD) data on the product into CAD data on the associated tools and process-operating data. Such system is of advantage to product design, tool making, and part manufacturing. The production efficiency for rubber-pad forming operations in the sheet-metal workshop thus can be increased, time-to-market can be reduced (about 50% reduction in labouring time and 30-50% reduction in throughput time are anticipated).
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Gravitational Waves of Holographic Neutron Stars' (GWOHNS).

assistant: **Innovation**

The proposal aims at making substantial progress on the theoretical understanding of neutron stars (NSs) by constructing holographic models for the matter inside the stars and by developing a novel tool for high-resolution NS merger simulations.The first observation of gravitational waves (GWs) from a NS merger in August 2017 by the LIGO observatory induced huge interest that goes far beyond the scientific expert community. Many more observations are expected in the near future and progress in the theoretical understanding of NS mergers is therefore sorely needed.We propose an entirely new approach and construct equations of state (EoSs), using the gauge-gravity duality (“holography” for short), for the NS matter in merger simulations. Holography establishes an effective framework to model subatomic matter at densities relevant for NSs, where traditional methods like perturbation theory, lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and low-energy effective theories are not applicable.In that way we will generate predictions for the merger dynamics and the gravitational waveforms, which will lead to additional theoretical insights when confronted with future observations.Applying holography to NS merger physics is a completely new concept and potentially opens a new field of holographic gravitational wave model building. The proposal has a strong multidisciplinary character as it combines aspects of string theory, high energy physics, astrophysics, nuclear physics, numerical relativity and high performance computing (HPC) and will therefore lead to interest and progress in all these fields.


**Keywords:** neutron star merger, numerical relativity, holography, AdS, CFT, equation of state, QCD
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'Sperm Evolution and Speciation in Littorina' to be submitted under Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Abstract**

Sperm cells are the most morphologically diverse animal cells, but how does that diversity arise, and what are its evolutionary consequences? This project investigates the causes and consequences of divergence in sperm morphology between ecotypes in an intertidal snail species, Littorina saxatilis, where it was recently discovered that sperm length has diverged both between ecotypes and among island populations. I will perform transcriptomics on testes to identify sperm-length related genes, gene networks, and their relation to chromosomal inversions in the L. saxatilis genome. This robust technique allows me to determine the developmental origin and genomic causes of the sperm length differentiation. The project further performs experimental mating trials to measure the effect of sperm length per se on fertilization success, addressing a rarely-tested, long-standing assumption that sperm morphological divergence translates into reproductive barriers. Finally, I will build a genetically explicit model of sperm length divergence and its role as a reproductive barrier between populations. This model will allow me to explore how female promiscuity and the genomic architecture of sperm traits impact the long-term evolutionary potential for sperm divergence to occur and be a reproductive barrier. Thus this ambitious project addresses sperm length evolution from several biological disciplines and perspectives, to address the long-standing question of the evolutionary causes and consequences of sperm morphological diversity. This project also provides me with valuable training that will increase my competitiveness as I apply for faculty positions or for positions as an analyst supporting policy-makers. Specifically, I will learn learn ‘-omics analysis, an important skillset in