RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Mechanobiology of Proprioceptive Regulation of Bone and Joint Morphogenesis' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Innovation**

Physiological movement, including movement before birth (fetal movement), is necessary for maintaining a proper mechanical environment which will facilitate musculoskeletal development. Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition which can result due to abnormal loading either before or after birth.  With DDH, the acetabular socket is often shallow causing an improper fit of the femoral head within the socket, leading to hip instability or even dislocation. DDH is the most commonly abnormal joint in new-born babies, with an incidence of 4.9 out of 1000. However, it is not known why the hip, more than any other joint in the body, is so dependent on movements and mechanical stimulation for its normal development.  Recent studies on the proprioceptive system (the neuromuscular sensory receptors responsible for registering position and movement of body parts) have indicated a key role in skeletogenesis. Disruption of the proprioceptive system in mice through knocking out Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3 KO) has been found to cause gait ataxia, spinal scoliosis and fracture misalignment. Excitingly, unpublished data from the same animal model has indicated that hip dysplasia consistently occurs in these mice, with all other synovial joints forming normally. It is hypothesised that the hip joint abnormalities arise as a direct effect of the abnormal mechanical environment due to abnormal gait. Therefore, this model system offers a unique opportunity to reveal how movement shapes the developing joint, and in particular, why the hip joint is more dependent on normal movements than any other joint. Therefore, this project will potentially reveal new insights into the causes and aetiology of DDH.


**Keywords:** Mechanobiology, Joint Morphogenesis, Finite El
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Fourth Framework proposal for the project 'Simulation of mmc-infiltration processing'.

assistant: **Objectives**

Research objectives and content In the nowaday competition to produce lighter materials with outstanding properties, liquid metal infiltration is a promising method which could produce high quality metal matrix composites at a very low price. The process consists in the injection and subsequent solidification of liquid metal in the pores of a ceramic preform, using cheap liquid metal and generally used casting equipment. The proposed research is the development of a simulation software able to optimize the process parameters (pressure, temperature, solidification rate) as well as to predict the microstructure, the homogeneity and the residual stresses of the produced part. Such a tool should enable this processing route to reach its full potential. In order to achieve this task, it will be necessary to first identify and quantify the physical phenomena which interplay during infiltration, including flow through porous media, wetting, heat transfer, phase change and interfacial reactions. Preliminary results, obtained through adaptation of a FEM software developped at Ecole Centrale Paris for soil infiltration and mechanics show great promise and shall be continued. Industrial relevance At each stage of the development, results will be confronted to experimental observations performed in cooperation with Leichtmetallkompetenzzentrum Ranshofen (Austria) and Aerospatiale Suresnes (France), which both have suitable infiltration equipment. Training content (object, benefit and expected impact) In covering the whole infiltration process, the candidate will receive, during his PhD Thesis, training in both practical aspects of research and numerical modelling. He will be getting exposure to research in Materials Sciences and Soil Mechanics, as well as to an industrial environme
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Vertex switch – the foundation for a more sustainable and reliable railway transport system' under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Concept**

The overall objective of this innovation project is to commercialise Vertex vertical switch: the first reliable railroad switch adopted to winter conditions. Rail transport has been indicated as critical to the EU strategy for improving environmental performance of the transport sector, economic and social cohesion within and between Member States. However, the train services in the EU do not meet the passengers' and the freight companies´ requirements regarding punctuality and reliability. One of the most common reasons for train delays are switch faults, caused by snow and ice accumulated between switchblades.The target end-users of Vertex switch are private and public actors that own and are responsible for the maintenance of the railway infrastructure. Their key need is access to a reliable railway switch, which works smoothly even in harsh weather conditions.These needs will be met by introducing the innovative Vertex switch. This switch guides the train by moving the switch blades vertically instead of horizontally which eliminates the area where snow and ice can land. Vertex offers a reliable switch that works well in all weather conditions, eliminates the need for manual snow clearance, provides measurable cost and energy savings and has potential to significantly reduce the numbers of delayed hours.Generally, the novel switch delivers an ultimate EU added value by increasing reliability and punctuality of train services. This will in turn contribute to the increased attractiveness of train services both for passengers and freight companies and attracting new rail users. The Phase 1 feasibility assessment will develop the business plan that will further guide technical development and exploitation efforts. The development of the prototype, demonstration and test
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Laser Activated Chemistry of Reactive Intermediates:  Direct Observation in the jet' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Innovation**

The goal of LACRIDO is to lock reactive intermediates of a fast reaction by freezing them through Joules-Thompson expansion in the molecular jet, then precisely determine their three-dimensional (3D) structures by chirped-pulse microwave spectroscopy to capture all species marking the reaction mechanism.LACRIDO comprises two stages. The first stage focuses on the detection of van der Waals complexes of the educts through their 3D structures encoded in the microwave spectra. New results of the lower-risk first stage will pave the way to the higher risk-high gain second stage where reactive intermediates are formed by laser activation; adiabatically frozen and locked in the collision-free zone of the molecular jet where the rotational temperature is close to the absolute zero-point; then captured exploiting the strength of microwave spectroscopy in  its specificity of conformation-sensitive detection unrivalled by any other type of spectroscopy and chemical methods.The first reaction chosen as key target is Diels-Alder, one of the most classic and important reactions in chemistry. Backed up by the Hueckel theory, Diels-Alder is theoretically described to be a single-step reaction, but details on the reaction course through the van der Waals complex of the educts have never been demonstrated experimentally and will be explored by LACRIDO, giving the final answer for an old, traditional question. The second experimental stage targets the atmospherically important reaction of isoprene with hydroxyl (OH) radical. Its reaction mechanism is extremely diverse with many steps and possible pathways to different stable products. Though lacking experimental evidence, previous studies proposed that the reaction passes through two radical intermediates, each in a cis and a trans confi
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Fourth Framework proposal on 'Homogeneous assay for anti-HIV antibody detection based on new B-Galactosidase molecular probes'.

assistant: **Concept**

Infection with the AlDS-causing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) still presents one of the current major challenges to mankind. In the context of the wide-spread occurrence of HIV infection, the long asymptomatic carrier state and the lethality of the disease, it is highly desirable to have access to fast, reliable and inexpensive assays to detect anti-HlV antibodies in HlV-infected individuals. The aim of this proposal is to develop new diagnostic probes for simple and fast detection of anti-HlV antibodies in human plasma. The proposed work is based on the previous discovery of Partner 2 that the insertion of antigenic peptides in specihc sites of the bacterial enzyme beta-galactosidase causes a severe reduction of the enzymatic activity, which can be partially recovered upon antibody binding to the inserted antigenic peptide (Benito et al., 1996, J. Biol. Chem. 271, 21251). This phenomenon will be exploited to generate new beta-galactosidase HIV antigenic fusion proteins as enzymatic probes for anti-HlV antibody detection. The recovery of beta-galactosidase activity upon antigen-antibody binding will allow the detection of antibodies by simple colorimetric quantification of beta-galactosidase activity in a homogeneous test system, involving only the antigenic fusion protein, the chromogenic substrate and a serum sample for testing. The beta-galactosidase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.23), encoded by the Eschenchia coli lacZ gene, is a high molecular mass multimeric protein composed of four non-covalently linked subunits. Analysis of beta-galactosidase activity is accomplished by simple colorimetric assays (Miller, 1972, Experiments in Molecular Genetics, Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory, p. 352) and small-scale purification of the enzyme can be carried out in one-step purification
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Horizon 2020 proposal for the project 'For a better understanding and design of ferroelectric photovoltaics: First-principles study of optical absorption and charge-carrier transport at ferroelectric domain walls in BiFeO3'.

assistant: **Objectives**

The goal of this project is to help find the rules for a domain-wall engineering that optimizes photovoltaic efficiency of potential future-generation ferroelectric solar cells. The material to be studied is BiFeO3 as the most promising photovoltaic ferroelectric material known. Does the photovoltaic effect in BiFeO3 occur at the domain walls or in the bulk? What does it take a domain-wall to conduct electrons? The project aimsat establishing the necessary conditions for electric fields and electrical conductivity at ferroelectric domain walls. Since experimental evidence is inconclusive, state-of-the-art ab initio methods will be applied. Electric fields have a long spatial range, so we will go beyond the standard supercell approach to obtain the spatial gradient of the band structure at the domain wall, needed to obtain charge-carrier distributions and electric fields. The Green's-function method for electronic quantum transport will be used for this purpose because it is suitable for extended, non-periodic systems. We will obtain the electrical conductivity as a function of the domain-wall type, structure, and purity. Conclusions for the role of the domain walls in BiFeO3 will be generalized as far as possible in order to apply them to other ferroelectric semiconductors as well.The applicant will receive training in state-of-the-art electronic-transport calculations by the host. In turn, the applicant will strengthen the host’s activities in the field of modelling optical properties of semiconductors.The project is positioned where fundamental condensed-matter physics meets applied solar-cell research. It is expected to advance the frontier of knowledge in basic research and to lay the ground for further research on ferroelectric photovoltaics. It is a contribution t
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Development of vaccine approaches for the control of inflammatory reactions in chronic diseases' (1994-1998).

assistant: **Concept**

Research objectives and content To generate efficient protection against chronic infections such as parasitic diseases, controlling pathology could be more relevant than controlling the infection itself. In chronic schistosomiasis, the major pathological hallmarks are hepatic granuloma formation and fibrosis due to the accumulation of viable eggs in liver. Limitation of local inflammatory reactions associated with or without reduction in worm fecundity and in worm burden may be a goal for vaccine development. Our approach will be based on unexpected effects of B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB), known for its mucosal adjuvant effects, which also strongly induces oral tolerance for directly linked antigens. In this proposal, we plan to test whether the mucosal administration of schistosomal antigens coupled to recombinant CTB can suppress antigen-specific and bystander T-cell mediated DTH inflammatory reactions in a way that could suppress immunopathological consequences of schistosome product deposition in host tissues. Training content (objective, benefit and expected impact) This project will allow me to acquire competence on new cellular immune technologies and to improve my knowledge on mucosal immunology and mucosal vaccines. Links with industry / industrial relevance (22) The expected results should allow critical evaluation of the feasibility of future vaccination trials dedicated to reduction of immunopathology during parasitic infections and could provide economic opportunities for EC companies to manufacture recombinant vaccines.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how '5G expOsure, causaL effects, and rIsk perception through citizen engAgemenT' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Impact**

Despite the rapid growth in novel applications of wireless technology, comparatively little is known about their potential impacts on health. In particular, special attention should be paid to the most vulnerable (i.e. young people up to 25 years old) and most exposed (i.e. workers) populations. The aims of GOLIAT are to monitor radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure, particularly from 5G, provide novel insights into its potential causal health effects, and understand how exposures and risks are perceived and best communicated using citizen engagement. Applying an integrative and transdisciplinary pan-European approach, we will i) develop next-generation exposure assessment methods to estimate aggregated RF-EMF dose to the whole-body and organs in young people; ii) identify new occupational RF-EMF sources resulting from 5G deployment and estimate RF-EMF exposure levels and patterns in workers; iii) assess neuropsychological effects of RF-EMF in young people and workers using causal inference, and iv) quantify potential health impacts of exposures at the population level; v) assess effects of 5G on brain function, thermoregulation, and radical stress using in vitro, in vivo, human, and in silico experiments; vi) identify effective means of exposure reduction; vii) better understand risk perceptions to RF-EMF and 5G; viii) apply an inclusive engagement model and co-design communication methods/tools to address RF-EMF concerns and misconceptions; ix) disseminate GOLIAT’s results to stakeholders and integrate them into policy actions; x) implement a broader analysis of the societal and ethical implications of RF-EMF and 5G; xi) develop a FAIR data infrastructure; and xii) perform activities related to the EMF and health cluster. The expected results will se
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Dimension Phenomena and Curvature Equations in Carnot Groups' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

The core of this project can be shortly (and roughly) described as project in Geometric Metric Theory and curvature equations in non-Euclidean structures. It is worthwhile from the very beginning to state clearly that, when we mention non-Euclidean structures, we refer to metric structures that are not Euclidean at any scale. Thus, the model we have in mind are not Riemannian manifolds, but better the so-called sub-Riemannian manifolds and fractals, or even fractals in sub-Riemannian spaces. In the last few years, sub-Riemannian structures have been largely studied in several respects, such as differential geometry, geometric measure theory, subelliptic differential equations, complex variables, optimal control theory, mathematical models in neurosciences, non-holonomic mechanics, robotics. Among all sub-Riemannian structures, a prominent position is taken by the so-called Carnot groups (simply connected Lie groups G with stratified nilpotent algebra), which play versus sub Riemannian spaces the role played by Euclidean spaces (considered as tangent spaces) versus Riemannian manifolds. The notion of dimension is crucial in our approach: the non-Euclidean character of the structures we are interested to study hides in the gap between the topological dimension of a group G and its metric dimension. Isoperimetric inequalities, analysis on fractal sets, quasiconformal and quasiregular maps are a typical manifestations of the metric dimension versus the topological dimension. In addition, dimension phenomena appear in a crucial way when dealing with intrinsic curvature in submanifolds of Carnot groups and in the curvature equations.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'Three dimensional organization of dendritic spines : cryo electron tomography studies' to be submitted under Sixth Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

During learning, reversible physiological changes in synaptic transmission take place in the central nerve system (CNS). These changes must then be stabilized or consolidated in order for memory to persist. Much evidence indicates that memories are created by alterations in glutamate-dependent excitatory synaptic transmission. The creation of stable, persistent changes (long-term memory - LTM) requires gene expression and protein synthesis. However, molecular changes are transient and so, on their own, are insufficient to explain LTM. It is well accepted that structural changes in synaptic morphology, occurring either consequent to protein synthesis or parallel with it are also necessary. The three dimensional structural organization of dendritic spines was n ever investigated at the molecular level. The research proposed here aims to investigate the 3D organization of dendritic spines using cryo electron tomography at different stages of neuronal growth and in response do various neuronal stimuli. Within the tomograms, methods will be devoted for labelling and identification of macromolecular complexes. The combination of cryo electron tomography and the development of novel methods for intracellular macromolecular complex identification will give us deeper insight into structural mechanisms associated with LTM. Cryo electron tomography is the tool of choice for structural investigation at the molecular level of intact cells preserved in their native environment in a frozen-hydrated state.