RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Impact of development of amphibians on their origin and evolution' (1998-2002), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

This project will compare osteological development between living and fossil amphibians, the relationships of which are vividly debated. The aim is to test the impact of ontogeny on phylogeny and to highlight evolutionary scenario of the 360 million years of this wide group.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Towards nanoscale reality in plasmonic hot-carrier generation' (RealNanoPlasmon).

assistant: **Innovation**

Metal nanoparticles absorb and scatter light much more than their physical size would suggest. This is caused by localized surface plasmon resonances formed upon light illumination in the nanoparticle. The plasmon resonances are characterized by collective oscillations of free electrons in the particle, but soon after its formation, typically on a femtosecond timescale, the collective plasmon mode decays via emission or via non-radiative creation of electron-hole pairs. As a result of the latter decay mechanism, high-energy electrons and holes, so-called hot carriers, are left behind. When these plasmon-induced hot carriers escape from the nanoparticle to the environment, or are induced there directly, they can be utilized for multitude of applications, such as photovoltaics, photocatalysis, or photodetection.Similarly to the plasmon resonance, the distribution of plasmon-generated hot carriers is highly dependent on the size, shape, and composition of the nanoparticle. In recent years, atomic-scale effects on plasmon resonances have become increasingly scrutinized theoretically and computationally along with sophisticated experimental techniques. Despite this development, for plasmonic hot-carrier generation the bulk of the present understanding is based on model systems or approximative methods neglecting the underlying atomic structure. The aim of this project is to develop first-principles methods for addressing plasmonic hot-carrier generation by fully accounting for the atomic structure and elemental distribution, and shed light on atomic-scale effects on hot-carrier generation by virtue of the developed methods.


**Keywords:** nanoplasmonics, time-dependent density-functional theory, TDDFT, nanoparticles
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose a compelling abstract for 'Interdisciplinary Model for Understanding Climate Change Adaptation' demonstrating excellence, impact and implementation quality for a Horizon Europe call.

assistant: **Abstract**

Social scientists have generally treated climate change (CC) vulnerability as homogeneous across social space, underestimating the serious social distortions and conflicts it produces. Previous research conducted by the Fellow suggests that CC impact is unevenly distributed, even within small social units such as Indian villages and Fijian islands. This project is guided by a hypothesis based on the Fellow's earlier work: economic and social relations (class, gender, ethnicity, religion, caste, etc.) have an overwhelming impact on CC vulnerability and adaptation practices. Examining one of the regions in the world where the impact of CC is most advanced  rural India  the proposed project aims to generate detailed empirical data for tracing the connections between CC and existing social hierarchies. Under the supervision of a leading expert in modelling, the result of empirical project will be turned into a generalisable model that can be used to understand and predict other agrarian societies experiences of CC, and their differential modes of adaptation. Drawing on debates in economic sociology, socioecology and environmental economics, the project's empirical research will take place in two villages in Maharashtra, India, where agriculture is in the midst of an ongoing crisis caused by biophysical processes. The Fellow will employ mixed methods, using structured quantitative household surveys and semi-structured qualitative interviews, which will be collected during two visits to India. The development of an evidence-based framework will be a pioneering contribution to our knowledge about the differing ways in which different members of a society are impacted by, and respond to, CC. As such, it addresses core EU objectives, such as preparedness for the impact of climat
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Fifth Framework proposal for the project 'European northern observatory'.

assistant: **Objectives**

Description:The European Northern Observatory (ENO), operated by the Instituto de Astroffsica de Canarias (IAC), is an international major infrastructure for astrophysical research. Thirty research institutions, from all over the world, have installed their telescopes and instruments at this observatory. ENO consists of three centres: Observatorio del Teide (Tenerife), Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos(La Palma) and the Instituto de Astroffsica (Headquarters, Tenerife). The exceptional astronomical quality of the skies, unique in Europe and world-wide, and large state-of-the-art telescopes equipped with avant-garde optical and infrared instrumentation, make ENO a unique complex for astrophysical observations. Observing time at the battery of telescopes installed at the European Northern Observatory (ENO), and directly operated by the research institutions or consortium that installed them, is offered to the European astronomical community under Agreement among these research institutions members of ENO.Application:Call for proposals" to apply for access at the telescopes installed at the European Northern Observatory (ENO) are announced twice a year by the different committees in the most relevant newsletters on astrophysics, and widely distributed to international astronomical centres. A general announcement for access with EC support is yearly published in NATURE and also distributed via Internet. External users from EU Member and Associated States other than those that own or operate the telescope are eligible to apply for EC access. Scientific merits and feasibility are considered when awarding time. Large, small or individual research teams will be able to accommodate their competitive observing projects among the different committees allocating time at the E
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose a compelling abstract for 'Process intensification of liquidnon isothermal processes by using chemical reactor - heat exchangers' demonstrating excellence, impact and implementation quality for a Fourth Framework call.

assistant: **Abstract**

Objectives To develop, through a total Process Intensification (PI) approach, validated design tools and guidelines for aiding the design and operation of intensified chemical reactor - heat exchangers (HEX reactors) for the energy-efficient, clean processing of two-phase, liquid-liquid (L/L) fast non-isothermal reactions. Technical Approach To achieve the objectives, it will be necessary to develop new design tools, namely a L/L chemical probe (calibrated reaction scheme) and a mathematical model that describes L/L exothermic reacting flows. As a first step, the kinetics and thermodynamics of the chemical probe will be incorporated in the model. Validation will be carried out through pilot scale reactive studies on two commercial geometries of compact heat exchanger (CHE). Non-reactive flow studies will enable development of phenomenological correlations for droplet size and droplet size distribution of the dispersed phase, which will be used as inputs for the mathematical model. Two different L/L industrial processes will be studied, and their key steps and kinetics will be compared with those of the chemical probe. The reaction steps will be incorporated in the model, which will be used for parametersensitivity studies. Heat transfer at the walls of the CHEs will be modelled through a Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) approach. Results of the model studies will be compared with data that are obtained through industrial plant trials. Thus, the benefits of HEX reactors for L/L processes will be assessed, and the generic results will be incorporated in the design guidelines. Engineering design studies will be carried out in conjunction with manufacturers of compact heat exchangers (CHEs). Two commercial geometries of CHE will be selected for reactor characterisation. Cr
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Grandparenthood and inter-generational relationships in aging european populations' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

The training content of the Network will capitalise on two important characteristics of the collaborating teams - inter-disciplinarity, and the combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The topic matter, and experience within the teams, covers sociology, psychology, health, political science, and law. The training of young researchers will cross these disciplinary boundaries and encourage interdisciplinary ways of working and collaboration. All teams have some experience in the joint use of both qualitative and quantitative methods, and have a shared belief in the importance of not only valuing both, but also using them in complementary, additive fashion. The training aims - which will also include the more traditional objectives of enhancement of knowledge, development of specific expertise, and skills in dissemination - will be furthered by intensive common network workshops in the first year, followed by team and cross-team placements, dedicated workshops and seminars, and short visits between teams.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Future Availability of Secondary Raw Materials' (FutuRaM).

assistant: **Concept**

The Future Availability of Secondary Raw Materials (FutuRaM) project seeks to (1) develop knowledge on the availability and recoverability of secondary raw materials (SRMs) within the European Union (EU), with a special focus on critical raw materials (CRMs), to enable fact-based decision making for their exploitation in the EU and third countries, and (2) disseminate this information via a systematic and transparent Secondary Raw Materials Knowledge Base (SRM-KB).The FutuRaM project will establish a methodology, reporting structure, and guidance to improve the raw materials knowledge base up to 2050, and facilitate the exploitation of SRMs with a particular focus on CRMs. The project will integrate SRM and CRM data to model their current stocks and flows, and consider economic, technological, geopolitical, regulatory, social and environmental factors to further develop, demonstrate and align SRM recovery projects with the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC). The project will address the following waste streams: Batteries; Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment; End-of-Life Vehicles;Mining waste; Slags and Ashes; and Construction and Demolition Waste. FutuRaM will further develop and test the UNFC methodology through 18 case studies across the six FutuRaM waste streams.FutuRaM research into the future availability of raw materials is relevant to the specific aspects of the work plan. It will contribute to atransition to climate-neutral, circular and digitised economy; develop an understanding of anthropogenic resources; develop thenecessary criteria to establish a resource classification approach; combine new & existing data and present it in a UNFC format;develop a proposal for EU statistics for SRMs; and contribute to raising awareness of r
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an impact statement for 'The influence of mechanical loading on the decline in bone mass with ageing', explaining its relevance to EU policy priorities under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Impact**

Osteoporosis is an age and gender-related condition characterised by reduced bone mass, impaired micro-architecture and increased risk of low-trauma fractures. Osteoporosis-related fractures are a major health concern and impose a huge economic burden on European health care systems. In the young, bone adapts its mass and architecture in response to strains engendered by mechanical loading. However, this response in blunted in the aged. We have shown that the anabolic response to load is similarly impaired in an age and gender-related manner in mice. Counter-intuitively, this response can be “rescued” in aged female mice if short periods of loading are imposed against a background of disuse rather than activity. We hypothesise that this “rescue” involves increased recruitment of bone forming osteoblasts. The primary objective of this proposal is, to establish whether the age and gender-related decline in bone’s adaptive response to mechanical loading in mice can be attributed to insufficient recruitment of osteoblasts necessary to form new bone and, if so, whether this deficiency can be “rescued” by appropriate manipulation of bones’ loading environment. To achieve the objectives in this proposal, we will investigate bones from aged male and female mice, which have been subjected to mechanical loading with or without prior disuse. These will be compared with similarly treated bones of young mice. Our studies should further elucidate the mechanisms underlying the age-related decline in bones’ adaptive response to mechanical loading. We hope that these studies could identify novel therapeutic targets to augment bones’ natural anabolic response to physical activity/loading. This could be of particular relevance in maintaining bone mass in situations of aging, paralysis or
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Biomimetic Dicopper Architecture for Catalytic Oxygen Activation' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Impact**

BiomCatOx will explore a unique catalyst design for the valorisation of hydrocarbons by oxygen insertion into a C–H bond under mild reaction conditions and using O2 as cheap and benign oxidant. The key concept of BiomCatOx is to rigorously control the activation of O2 and the formation of metal-based reactive oxygen species (ROS) to accomplish selective and catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons. The novelty of BiomCatOx lies in the design of the catalyst that consists in connecting a heavily truncated protein as electron relay for controllable intramolecular electron transfer (IET) to a synthetic oxidation catalyst. The intramolecular electron transfer can be rationally custom-tailored and therefore provides strict control on the reactivity of the catalytic center and on the formation of the ROS. BiomCatOx will use a stepwise approach involving (i) the development of copper-NHC complexes as powerful catalysts for the formation of ROS and hydrocarbon oxidation, (ii) the development of a copper peptide derived from the azurin active site for efficient electron transfer, and (iii) the covalent connection of the two copper sites into a peptide-complex dicopper conjugate for controlled intramolecular electron transfer. The implementation of BiomCatOx will provide efficient catalytic systems and fundamental insights into electron transfer, and discloses a new catalyst design concept. BiomCatOx is highly interdisciplinary and merges organometallic chemistry, homogeneous catalysis, enzymology, and spectroscopy. This training at the University of Bern (CH) and of Nottingham (UK, secondment) will convey a unique skill set. Together with the personalized career development plan, I will gain significant scientific and soft skills to boost my career and to become an internationally re
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'TS4NC: Therapeutic S4N Chelation targeting Alzheimer's Disease.' in the context of a Horizon 2020 call.

assistant: **Objectives**

Despite enormous research efforts across academia and pharmaceutical industry, all clinical trials over the last decade have failed in finding a treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) which remains one of the greatest challenges in drug discovery. Taking consideration all together three prevailing AD hypotheses: Amyloid Cascade, Metal Ions and Oxidative Stress, researchers conclude that loss of neurons is due to a high level of oxidative stress produced by nonregulated redox active metal ions such as copper linked to different forms/aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Therefore, the regulation of metal homeostasis is a key target for drug development. Herein, we propose a new class of multifunctional agents – S4Ns, which not only sequester Cu ions from their Aβ complexes and arrest their redox cycles, thus reduce oxidative stress in the neuronal cells, inhibit Aβ aggregation, inhibit neuroglia activation and provide anti-inflammatory effects, delivering overall neuroprotection, but also put Cu back into normal physiological circulation by releasing Cu to natural Cu-carriers. The key novelty of this approach lies in that S4N mimics the N-terminus of Aβ4-x peptide (ATCUN motif), providing 4N square planar Cu(II) coordination with high affinity and selectivity. In general, S4Ns do not act as traditional chelating agents by simply eliminating metals from the organism, on the contrary they perform as Metal–Protein Attenuating Compounds (MPACs) by redistributing and assisting in the restoration of brain biometal homeostasis. This synergistic but novel strategy will allow us to carry out a comprehensive study of the new compounds and shed light into discovering promising drug candidate. Of equally importance, TS4NC MCSA will open new research horizons and significantly boos
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an impact statement for 'Structural and mechanistic study of ion transport in Channelrhodopsin-2', explaining its relevance to EU policy priorities under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Impact**

Channelrhodopsins are type-I rhodopsin proteins found in green algae that function as sensory photoreceptors and turn into ion channels under illumination. Upon light absorbance, the retinal moiety induces a conformational change on the protein that opens a channel through which ions can pass.Neurons expressing channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) can be depolarized rapidly and reversibly by illumination, hence allowing control of the activation/inactivation of neurons in specific locations of the brain. For this reason, ChR2 has been used widely in optogenetics to study neuronal circuits and disorders in the brain, and to restore light sensitivity and visual capabilities in damaged retinas. However, in contrast to closely related bacteriorhodopsins or halorhodopsins, very little is known about their structure, light cycle and mechanism of action. The current structural evidences of ChR2 is limited to 1) the 6 Å projection map obtained by cryo-electron microscopy that contains a mixture of light (open channel) and dark (closed channel) states; and 2) the 2.3 Å X-ray structure of the dark state of a ChR1/ChR2 chimera. In the present proposal, we aim at elucidating the structure, properties and mechanism of action of the transient species of ChR2 during its photochemical cycle by means of theoretical methods and in close collaboration with the experimental biophysics groups of the host institute.The mechanisms of ion transport and channel opening will be simulated by enhanced sampling and free energy methods. Specific quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics (QM/MM) force matching force field will be generated ad hoc for the retinal moiety in the ChR2 environment. The model structures generated for the closed, open, and desensitized states will be validated 1) by comparison of the QM/M