RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Molecular recognition of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycans and related molecules by innate immune receptors' (PGN-INNATE).

assistant: **Innovation**

The immune system of higher organisms is using pattern recognition receptors (PPR) of the host cell to fight pathogenic bacteria by recognizing molecular signatures called Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMP) unique to the bacteria but absent from the host. Bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan (PGN), a polymer of disaccharide-pentapeptide repeating units is one of the most important PAMPs. Fragments of PGN and related small molecules can also elicit immune response i.e., act as PAMPs. Although the mechanism of action of PGNs leading to immunostimulation in the host is not yet completely understood, it has been shown that several families of PRRs mediated PGN recognition such as the Toll-like receptors and the recently discovered family of Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins. Immunological studies of mannosylated PGN fragments indicated that the mannose receptor could also be involved in the recognition of mannosylated or even unmodified PGN fragments. The MR is considered as a ‘non-canonical’ PRR able to bind endogenous molecules as well as pathogens that mediates physiological clearance and acts as a bridge between homeostasis and immunity. However, the function of MR in host defense is not yet clearly understood. This proposal is aimed at investigating the molecular recognition of PGNs and related molecules by the PPRs at the molecular level using a combination of experimental and computational approaches such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC), Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and molecular docking calculations. These findings will provide an increased understanding of the molecular recognition by these innate immune receptors and could therefore form a basis of designing improved immunomodulators used as vacc
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'PHOtonic Transmitters for Optical Networks and Interconnects in energy-efficient datacentres, supercomputers and homes based on VCSELs' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Impact**

To match the demand of the productivity of modern computing systems, which is growing three orders of magnitude per decade, the single interconnect channel bit data rate should double each 2.5 years and the number of channels per link increase 5-fold each 10 years. Until recently copper was the dominant interconnect technology ($120 billion). At higher frequencies the electromagnetic losses and cross-talk are drastically enhanced, and new technologies are required. Since 2012 60 thousands energy-efficient optical links made of multimode fibers (MMF) powered by Vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are used in a single rack of supercomputer. Due to its small size, circular surface emission pattern, low operating current and a narrow spectrum VCSELs result a low cost, energy-efficient optical modules. Bit date rates up to 14Gb/s over 100m are reached by the industry. Scaling of the device to higher speeds is challenging as the modulation bandwidth is increasing as a square root of the drive current, while the degradation accelerates exponentially.  At higher pulse frequencies the transmission distance rapidly decreases with pulse broadening. The way to match the speed upgrade is to apply advanced nanotechnology concepts. -Properly designed ultrathin strained narrow gap insertions as gain medium drastically enhances the modulation bandwidth at the same current;-Introducing of strained barriers preventing the nonequilibrium carriers’ escape from the gain region allows further improvement of the modulation bandwidth and reliability.-Optical design by oxide-confined aperture induced diffraction allows single mode operation extending the transmission length, …VI-Systems GmbH was first to pioneer and ship VCSELs transmitters up to 40Gb/s over 100m, far beyond the lim
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Surface finish solution for leather upholstery' under Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Concept**

The aim is to develop novel technologies and systems which overcome the problem of colour dye transfer from fabrics to below the surface finish of leather upholstery during normal use. The objectives are to:-Identify the mechanisms which facilitate the transfer of colour dry/ soiling to leather upholstery;-Assess the suitability of applying alternatives to the standard coating technology systems that are currently employed for leather upholstery;-Develop a realistic test specification and European Standard for leathers used as furniture upholstering materials;-Reduce manufacturer returns and increase competitiveness within the SME dominated furniture industry.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Fourth Framework proposal on 'Molecular catalysis of carbonylation and other c-1 transfer reactions - set activation, mechanism of catalysis'.

assistant: **Concept**

Our desired project is the investigation of activated alkyl transition metal complexes and the follow up of the so obtained intermediates (carbenes, carbenic complexes, radicals, enions) under mechanistic aspects. The activation, a single electron transfer (SET) to form 19 electron species from stable 18 electron ones, is initiated by an ultramicro-electrode which supplementarily provides data of the fate of the reactive intermediates by electrode potential and current measurements. This leads to mechanistical proposals. Depending on the electronic structure of the complex, the release of the high electronic density of the metal will result in different electrochemical reactions (reorganisation of the coordination shell and bond cleavage) resulting in different reactive species. The preparation of alkyl transition metal complexes having well defined properties should produce suitable intermediates for C-1 transfer processes in concurrence to already well-established but highly endoergic ones.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Biomolecules and bone taphonomy of the earliest fossil europeans' (1998-2002) targeting Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

The aim of this project is to assess the physical and chemical properties of bones that have various taphonomic histories, in order to be able to recognize these effects in fossil bone assemblages and thus there impact on the fossil record. This is to be carried out using a number of ' diagenetic parameters' that have been developed to measure key diagenetic changes in archaeological bone. These will be measured in a number of bone assemblages that(a) have been created under controlled conditions in the laboratory or in field experiments(b) that have undergone early diagenesis by exposure on the ground surface(c) that have been excavated from ongoing archaeological excavations, and(d) modern and fossil museum collections. The taphonomic histories of the above are either known or can be determined from the physical marks on the bones, and knowledge of the sites, and thus particular taphonomic events and processes (or combinations thereof) can be related to particular physico-chemical changes in the bone. Having established the effects of taphonomic factors on the physical and chemical properties of the bone, this information can then be used to interpret the formation of the fossil record at the sites investigated, and the further extrapolated to the wider fossil record. Particular attention will be paid to the taphonomy of collagen, as it is an important source of biochemical information, and is important to the overall structural integrity of the bone, and may be a good indicator of the survival of ancient DNA.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an impact statement for 'Applied mathematics for risk measures in finance and insurance, in the wake of the crisis', explaining its relevance to EU policy priorities under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Impact**

The EID WAKEUPCALL has been set up with the knowledge that, in the WAKE of the financial crisis, a reconsideration of fundamental assumptions that have been standard in the mathematical models for the valuation of financial and insurance products, like CALLs is taking place. The crisis alerted to reiterate models, assumptions and computations. It is now better understood that the usual paradigm, in which financial risks can be mitigated, spread, or even hedged away perfectly, is too simplistic for markets under stressed conditions. Lead by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, financial and insurance institutions are currently implementing new paradigms regarding risk management. Many of the updates in the risk measures involve sophisticated mathematics. In this sense, the crisis has provided important feedback on appropriate directions for the required mathematical improvements. As regards to hedging and risk mitigation, which are important steps in the risk management chain, nowadays even the hedging of basic financial instruments has become a complicated task. More sophisticated models are needed if hedging programs are to remain effective under financial stress.We wish to bring together academic researchers in financial mathematics and high level professionals in financial and insurance industries, discuss and interact by means of early-stage researchers  (ESRs). We are interested in the mathematical models, as well as in advanced solution techniques used for pricing and risk measurement. We wish to educate young experts in modern risk measures and management. Advanced courses by academic and professional lecturers will be selected for the education of the ESRs. We will additionally work on providing entrepeneurial skills to ESRs as they will have a unique kno
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Amorphous Speculative Compression' under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Concept**

Camera located outside the protective environment of Earth's atmosphere and magnetic fields is exposed to the very harsh radiation. Space based electronic components are produced in a different way, and much more expensive, than the ones built for use on our planet. To make situation even worse, the processing power of radiation hardened microprocessors is much worse, than what we normally expect from the CPU. Long distances, that space brings and radiation also diminish thepossible communication rate, while radiation problems with storage devices complicates even storing the filmed material for later compression and transmission. Because of all these problems, humanity was never even close to be able to establish a decent video link with some other celestial object. To overcome this problem, we developed a different type of picture and video compression method.ASC compression is a lossy type of compression, that differs from other types of lossy compression because it removes the main amount of data before any complex mathematical functions are executed. Other types of compression perform a complex transform first and remove the less important data later. This makes standard compression types much more resource hungry, than the ASC compression.Unlike jpeg and mpeg compression, where compression is done in squares, that are always positioned at the same positions of the picture, ASC method builds the picture around the most prominent points of it. This helps the encoder to easily find similar patterns in different pictures or parts of one picture but also removes the block appearance at high levels of compression. At high levels of compression, the picture simply looses more and more details. Testing so far has proven thetruth of our expectation, that the quality of the
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Promoting common property in africa: networks for influencing policy and governance of natural resources' (CO-GOVERN).

assistant: **Concept**

This concerted action proposal aims to build a basis for more realistic policies and programmes to support governance of land in sub-Saharan Africa, and in particular for the management of common property resources. This will be achieved by promoting sub-regional exchange, pan-African networking and dialogue between African and European stakeholders working on influencing the governance of common property resources, through several interlinked activities. A series of working papers, policy briefs and website materials will be produced by African partners in collaboration with European participants.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Fourth Framework proposal on 'Molecular approaches to analyse hepatitis C virus replication for the development of efective therapy and vaccines'.

assistant: **Innovation**

1. To develop in-vitro translation assays for the design and testing of antiviral drugs against hepatitis c virus (HCV) via a) the characterization of structures important for the initiation of translation and / or replication b) the analysis of interactions between viral-viral and viral-cellular components participating in the translation/replication process c) the synthesis and evaluation of DNA-based antivirals (sODN and ribozymes)2. To identify immunological determinants relevant for the development of antiHCV vaccines via the use of a) lipopeptide-based immunizations using patients B and T-lymphocytes b) naked-DNA-based immunizations. A rational basis for the curbing of HCV infection and implementing disease treatment can only be found in a fundamental understanding of the virus, its replication and expression, and the immune responses it elicits. The different expertise required to address those issues in a most productive way, fundamental molecular virology, immunology and organic chemistry, are provided by the multi-center task force participating in the project. Study of the molecular mechanism of translation initiation and replication will focus on fine mutational analysis of the IRES (Internal Ribosome Entry Site) domain important for the viral translation and replication, as well as RNAprotein and protein-protein interactions involving the 5'NCR (Non Coding Region) and the NS (non-structural) domains, particularly the NS5 domain coding for the viral polymerase. Those will be done using RNA binding assays followed by UV cross-linking experiments and using the yeast derived twohybrid system. Antiviral strategies using antisense oligonucleotides (modified phosphorothioates) targeted at the 5'NCR and hammerhead ribozymes will be evaluated for inhibition of trans
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Immune response to respiratory virus infections and vaccination in elderly' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Sixth Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

Background:During the last years some respiratory viruses (HMPV/hCoV-NL63/SARS/Bocavirus/flu H5N1) emerged. In addition to other viruses (RSV, EBV, Paramyxoviruses) they are able to induce severe respiratory diseases in high risk patients, mainly young children and elderly.Approach: We will study the innate and acquired immune response of elderly against these viruses. Clinical and basic research aspects will be addressed equally, while also new diagnostic assays for the evaluation of the immune status of elderly will be developed. Within the project an animal model for the investigation of the elderly's immune response to those viruses will be established. In this model antiviral agents will be tested for their ability to support the patient's immune response. Up to 40.000 elderly sera collected during the last 9 years will be tested for antibodies to emerging respiratory viruses (HCoV-NL63/HMPV/RSV/EBV/flu H5N1), providing a wide view of these virus epidemiology; immune cell response against the above viruses, an aged animal model for studying the immune response in vivo and testing antivirals or immune stimulators and new ELISA assays for testing host antibodies against new viruses will be investigated. For a precise view on the elderly's immune response to those viruses, a defined and uniform panel of relevant clinical data related to respiratory infections will be collected. For this internationally standardized prospective data mining a new multi-lingual software tool will be developed within the project and used by the partners.Expected results: We expect to gain detailed knowledge on the innate and acquired immune response to emerging respiratory viruses in elderly. A thorough basic investigation of emerging respiratory viruses will provide further handles to de
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Cellular models for tissue function in development and ageing' in the context of a Horizon Europe call.

assistant: **Objectives**

One of the most fundamental challenges in contemporary biology is in fact also one of the most classical ones: how to comprehend macroscopic tissue function from the activities of its microscopic cellular components. The remarkable advent of single cell genomics over the last decade is realizing this challenge at unprecedented scales. Measurements of the molecular states of thousands or even millions of cells can now be acquired efficiently, and tools for describing cellular states phenomenologically became well established. But how to model ensemble of cells in tissues is paradoxically even more difficult than before given this new unprecedented experimental resolution. To this end we will develop a new computational and theoretical framework for understanding ensembles of single cells as they interact and dynamically differentiate, proliferate or degrade. Parametric and mechanistic models for defining microscopic cell states over a mathematical manifold will be developed, and the dynamics of ensembles of cells over time and in space will be inferred from new experimental approaches capturing whole tissues over time or within spatially registered domains. Importantly, our models will describe tissues dynamics as change in specific gene regulatory, epigenomic and signaling programs, and we will develop high throughput experiments to combinatorically perturb embryonic and hematopoietic systems in order to test such models extensively. Our research will thereby extend single cell-centric models toward describing dynamics in tissues, with experiments and data collection aiming at rapid translation of the models to actionable and testable strategies for manipulating systems of interest. This will be applied to transparent and epigenetically precise cell type engineering, to