RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Fourth Framework proposal on 'Improvement of simplified atmospheric general circulation models by parametrizing the flow dependent model error'.

assistant: **Concept**

The overall objective of the research is monthly to seasonal climate prediction. The attention is focused on the prediction of large-scale flow. Atmospheric low-frequency variability relies on a few number of variables. We intend to build a simplified model based on the projection of the equations onto these variables employing EOFs (empirical orthogonal functions). The main problem in using EOFs as a basis for the large-scale flows is the closure. The effect of the numerous unresolved scales and physical processes must be parametrized. Therefore, our aims will be (i) to design an idealised framework where flow dependent parametrizations of the unresolved scales can be developed and (ii) apply these parametrizations to a simplified GCM. If time allows, such model will be then validated through the estimation of its ability in simulating the large scale dynamics of the atmosphere, and through the performance of extended range forecasts.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Horizon 2020 proposal on 'Archaeology, Inequalities and DiEt (AIDE) : Archaeology assisted by stable isotopes'.

assistant: **Concept**

Since 20 years, the candidate has been working as an archaeologist and anthropologist. The AIDE project - Archaeology, Inequalities and DiEt: Archaeology assisted by stable isotopes - will enable her to acquire additional and innovative skills to respond to a rapidly developing scientific issue: research on social inequalities and their evolution over time. This will allow her to progress in her career, with a promotion in her institute, and to make a valuable and original contribution to research. Thanks to the study of compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of carbon and nitrogen, the determination of food intake of past populations is more accurate. However, food, like health, is a result of cultural factors. The location of graves in a funeral space is also the result of cultural parameters. By confronting a heuristic and epidemiological approach, the candidate thus intends to model differences between individuals, to reveal the social inequalities of the past. The establishment of a network of researchers in Europe (biochemists, archaeologists and anthropologists) will make it possible to study more closely the remains of the past for a better knowledge of our common history. The transfer of biochemical knowledge from Simon Fraser University in Vancouver (Canada) to INRAP (Paris, France) via the candidate will improve the quality of samples taken from archaeological excavation sites and thus ultimately improve the results obtained.


**Keywords:** Archaeology, Social Inequalities, Physical anthropology, Stable isotopes
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Algorithmic tools for efficient scheduling in parallel computing environments' under Fourth Framework.

assistant: **Concept**

The objective of this project is to develop a set of efficient techniques and algorithmic tools for scheduling in parallel systems, towards a general purpose use of parallel computing. An integrated approach is proposed that incorporate three crucial factors affecting the key problem of parallel scheduling: the nature of applications, the features of parallel machines and the performance criteria of a scheduling system. In this context it is proposed to develop and analyse efficient scheduling tools supporting a wide range of applications in a machine-independent way and having the potential of becoming building blocks of today and feature parallel systems. The project will be carried out in three consecutive phases: First, it is proposed to set up a framework of accurate qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the aspects involved in the problem. The outcome of this part will be a generalized formal statement of the problem preserving, as far as possible, flexibility and universality. This will enable us to classify the problem's variants and to define reasonable objective functions. The design, in the above defined context, of new scheduling algorithms/policies is the second and main part of this research. Given the hardness of the problem, heuristic techniques may be the only available approach. Several techniques that can support fast heuristic solutions will be exploited, including graph and decision theory, process to processor assignment, approximation theory etc. All kinds of algorithms will be of our interest: deterministic, dynamic (on-line) and randomised Methods coming from artificial intelligence and the development of parallel algorithms are two promising research directions proposed. Finally, the algorithms coming from such an integrated approach to
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Determination of the structure of the pathological neuroserpin polymer and development of an intrabody strategy to prevent disease-associated inclusions in cell and animal models of disease' (Serpinopathies) under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Objectives**

An increasing number of human disorders are recognised to result from the aggregation and tissue deposition of misfolded proteins. This group of diseases has been termed the conformational disorders and comprises such diseases as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s and Parkinson’s disease as well as the amyloidoses and the serpinopathies. The serpinopathies are characterized by the polymerisation and tissue deposition of mutants of members of the serine protease inhibitor or serpin superfamily of proteins. One of the most striking serpinopathies is familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies (FENIB) that is caused by one of six naturally occurring point mutations in the neuroserpin gene. Mutant neuroserpin forms ordered polymers that accumulate within the endoplasmic reticulum of neurons, resulting in progressive dementia, with the age of onset of disease being inversely proportional to the rate of polymer formation in vitro and the number of intra-cerebral inclusions. This study will use an anti-polymer monoclonal antibody to (i) define the structure of the pathological neuroserpin polymer and its time-dependent appearance in the ER and (ii) as the basis for an intrabody strategy to prevent the inclusions associated with disease. First, regions of neuroserpin that are exposed upon transition from monomer to polymer will be analyzed by epitope mapping using differential chemical modification and crystallization aided by an antibody-engineered construct. Second, the ability of this anti-polymer monoclonal antibody to prevent pathogenic polymer formation and to impact their intracellular localization pattern will be assessed by co-expression with different neuroserpin mutants in cell and fly models of disease. The protective efficacy in vivo will be addressed by analy
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Horizon Europe proposal for the project 'Relatedness and the Evolutionary Pathway to Worker Sterility in Ants'.

assistant: **Objectives**

The sterile worker castes found in the colonies of social insects are often cited as archetypal examples of altruism in nature. The challenge is to explain why losing the ability to reproduce has evolved as a superior strategy for transmitting genes into future generations. The leading explanation for the evolution of worker sterility is the monogamy hypothesis. The idea is that workers don't need to reproduce because they can transmit their genes indirectly by improving the reproductive success of the queen, who carries the same genes. For this to work, the queen should be monogamously mated, ensuring workers are raising full siblings, the genetic equivalent of their own young (r = 0.5). There has been no appropriate test of this hypothesis, however, and an alternative hypothesis, that worker sterility evolved via the enforcement of cooperation by policing, has not been ruled out. According to the policing hypothesis, workers suppress each other's reproduction by eating each other’s eggs or through aggression, leading to sterility through evolutionary time. Crucially, policing is predicted to evolve when relatedness is low, in contrast to the monogamy hypothesis.Here, I propose an interdisciplinary approach that combines a cutting-edge phylogenetic comparative analysis across ~500 ant species with novel lab-based experiments on the socially polymorphic ant, Formica exsecta, to test between the low and high relatedness evolutionary pathways to worker sterility. Contrary to common belief, workers in most ant species can lay eggs due to their haplodiploid sex determination system, making them an ideal system for answering this question. This project will fill a crucial gap in our knowledge of how complex life on Earth evolved and potentially overturn the long-held hypothe
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Mechanism of Unconventional Protein Secretion' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

Approximately 30% of the human genes encode proteins that enter the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) by a hydrophobic sequence called the signal sequence. Most of these proteins are transported to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and subsequent delivery to the endosomes, cell surface, and the extracellular space. There is good understanding of this process of ¿conventional¿ protein secretion. Surprisingly, there is another class of cytoplasmic proteins that are secreted even though they a lack signal sequence to enter the ER. How are such proteins secreted? The yeast protein a-factor achieves this goal by direct transport across the plasma membrane via an ABC transporter encoded by the STE6 gene. Little else of significance is known about this ¿unconventional¿ secretory pathway.Our new findings reveal that secretion of signal sequence lacking acyl-coA binding protein or Acb1 in Saccharomyces cerevisae and Pichia pastoris requires autophagy related genes, fusion of membranes with early endosomes, formation of multivesicular body and the plasma membrane fusion protein (t-SNARE) called Sso1p. Our results indicate that secretion of Acb1 is mediated by a secretory autophagosomes. The secretion of Acb1 therefore does not follow the same pathway as the a-factor. But how is Acb1 packed into an autophagosome and why doesn¿t the secretory autophagosome fuse with the vacuole? In other words what is the difference between a secretory and a degradative autophagosome? Does an autophagosome-like vesicle also secrete cytokines, which lack a signal sequence to enter the ER?  Our aim is to address these key questions. Many unconventionally secreted proteins regulate tissue organization, behavior (anxiety and addiction), angiogenesis, immune surveillance and diabetes. Understanding the mechanism
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Engineering Synthetic Cells for Artificial Phagocytosis with Superselectivity' under Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Concept**

enCAPS will produce the first Phagocytic Synthetic Cell capable of superselective artificial phagocytosis. Artificial phagocytosis aims to mimic the complex mechanisms used by cells to internalize materials in minimal engineered systems, achieving a major milestone in the construction of advanced synthetic cells. This endeavour faces two main challenges: the energy barriers to particle internalization upon membrane bending, and the lack of selectivity. Previous approaches using liposomes or polymersomes did not sufficiently address these two challenges, since liposomes lack stability and polymersomes have rigid membranes. To go beyond the state-of-the-art, I will use a new class of membrane-forming polymers: ionically linked comb polymers. They self-assemble in i-combisomes with high stability and flexibility, providing an ideal platform for phagocytic synthetic cells. By carefully designing the molecular structure and the statistic composition of the polymers, I will dissect how structural variations in the molecular composition can serve to store potential energy that can be released to facilitate the engulfment. Subsequently, I will seek to introduce principles of superselectivity to particle interactions with i-combisomes, achieving an ON/OFF type response. Here I will unveil the interplay of binding strength, receptors mobility, and clustering on the membrane using supported bilayers. This will be translated to free-standing i-combisomes, generating a superselective synthetic cell that can bind and internalize particles with specific surface decorations. To demonstrate the flexibility of this approach, several colloidal systems will be internalized. Thus, enCAPS will yield general design principles for superselective artificial phagocytosis. Due to its deep interdi
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Seventh Framework proposal on 'TOPOLOGICAL EFFECTS IN MATTER WITH STRONG SPIN-ORBIT COUPLING'.

assistant: **Innovation**

This theoretical project addresses novel quantum phases of matter whose low energy properties are dominated by topological excitations: Majorana fermions in topological insulators, skyrmions in chiral magnets and magnetic monopoles in pyrochlore magnets. It is motivated by the recent experimental discovery of topological insulators (HgTe/CdTe,Bi1-xSbx or Bi2Se3), the mounting evidence for skyrmions in the chiral magnet MnSi (anomalous Hall effect measurements in 2009) and the prediction of magnetic monopoles in spin ice (by Roderich Moessner and co-workers in 2008). During the outgoing phase in UC Berkeley, we shall consider the interplay of interaction and spin-orbit effects in topological insulators both in bulk materials and in their heterostructures. The fellow researcher has previously studied heterostructures combining superconductors and ferromagnets. Majorana fermions are expected to appear when such heterostructures are deposited on top of a three-dimensional topological insulator. Moreover A. Vishwanath (outgoing host researcher) initiated the research on spin crystals and skyrmions in chiral magnets. During the return phase in MPIPKS Dresden, we shall investigate the properties of the magnetic monopoles predicted by Roderich Moessner (scientific in charge of this project) in spin ice (Dy2Ti2O7,Ho2Ti2O7). The mechanisms of the anomalous Hall effect in itinerant pyrochlore ferromagnets (Nd2Mo2O7, Pr2Ir2O7) will also be considered. Finally the present project will foster the study of topological insulators in the EU community, while these compounds have been almost exclusively studied in the USA so far. The present project is also relevant for other branches of physics since, in spite of a longstanding and on-going hunt, Majorana fermions, skyrmions and monopole
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Thickening of plant organs by nested stem cells' (CORKtheCAMBIA) under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Objectives**

Growth originates from meristems, where stem cells are located. Lateral meristems, which provide thickness to tree stems and other plant organs, include vascular cambium (produces xylem [wood] and phloem); and cork cambium (forms cork, a tough protective layer).We recently identified the molecular mechanism that specifies stem cells of vascular cambium. Unexpectedly, this same set of experiments revealed also novel aspects of the regulation of cork cambium, a meristem whose development has remained unknown. CORKtheCAMBIA aims to identify the stem cells of cork cambium and reveal how they mechanistically regulate plant organ thickening. Thus, stemming from these novel unpublished findings and my matching expertise on plant stem cells and lateral growth, the timing is perfect to discover the molecular mechanism underlying specification of stem cells of cork cambium.To identify the origin of stem cells of cork cambium, 1st-we will combine lineage tracing with a detailed molecular marker analysis. To deduce the cell dynamics of cork cambium, 2nd-we will follow regeneration of the stem cells after ablation of this meristem. To discover the molecular factors regulating the stem cell specification of cork cambium, 3rd-we will utilize molecular genetics and a novel method (inducible CRISPR/Cas9 mutant targeting) being developed in my lab. Since the lateral growth is orchestrated by two adjacent, nested meristems, cork and vascular cambia, the growth process must be tightly co-regulated. Thus, 4th-an in silico model of the intertwined growth process will be generated. By combining modelling with experimentation, we will uncover mechanistically how cork and vascular cambium coordinate lateral growth.CORKtheCAMBIA will thus provide long-awaited insight into the regulatory mechanis
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'Development of an integrated numerical model of the intra-cranial space (including the brain parenchyma, blood flow and cerebrospinal fluid) for clinical application' to be submitted under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

This research project aims at developing an integrated numerical model of the intra-cranial space necessary for a better understanding of cerebral mechanics under normal and disease conditions. This model will address the key short comings of the current strategies, namely the lack of integration between structural and fluid components and the discrepancies between the parenchymal deformations under large or small strain rates.To reconcile the different mechanical behaviors reported in literature for the brain parenchyma, we propose a bottom-up approach, wherein we first reproduce the parenchymal microscopic structure, considered as a fluid-filled network of viscoelastic fibers, and then propagate the micro-scale fiber deformations to capture large-scale motion. We then integrate the parenchyma within its physiologic environment by coupling our structural model with fluid dynamics simulations of the cerebrospinal fluid and cerebral blood flow. All developments will be conducted in synergy with in vitro experiments to validate our modeling strategies.Finally, in the application phase we demonstrate the strength and benefits of out integrated model, focusing on two specific research questions: 1) the mechanisms responsible for the enlargement of the ventricles in normal pressure hydrocephalus, and 2) the correlation between the apparent parenchymal compliance and risk of secondary traumatic brain injury. Such an integrated numerical tool also provides an ideal setting for the design and preliminary testing of medical devices, and will be incorporated into the on-going effort of the host institution to improve shunting technologies for patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (SNSF Grant K-32K1_120531).The proposed developments and applications take advantage of the str