RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Fifth Framework proposal on 'Detection of changing radiative forcing over the recent decades.'.

assistant: **Concept**

Problems to be solvedConsiderable uncertainties still exist in the magnitude of some of the main forcing factors which causes climatic change. There is a need to better quantify these factors e.g. those due to greenhouse gases, aerosols, and stratospheric ozone and to solar processes.Scientific objectives and approachThe project aims to estimate the magnitude of temporal changes/variations in external forcing of climate, and to compare both the timing and the magnitude of the detected forcing anomalies with known and hypothesised variations in external forcing. Two different techniques to obtain the forcing will be used and compared, namely temporal changes in 6 and 24 forecast errors, i.e. forecast increments, and temporal changes in initial tendency errors obtained by assimilating the slow atmospheric normal modes obtained from re-analysis into a state-of-the-art climate model. The re-analysis data sets, which will be used, are the ERA15, ERA40 and the GEO-1 and GEO-2 data. The climate model to be used is the ECHAM model. Using re-analysis data, model tendency errors will be analysed to establish real forcing fields and to quantify forcing from processes not included in the model, i. e. stratospheric ozone, volcanic aerosols and desert dust. As a second step an improved ECHAM model, including parametrization of the processes mentioned above, will be used to assimilate the re-analysis data and the results will be used to estimate the performance of the parameterisation schemes and the upgraded model. It is intended also to use this technique in a reverse mode to estimate e.g. concentrations of aerosols from volcanic eruptions. With the estimates of real forcing due to the various processes as far back in time as over the last 40 years the aim is to establish improved (
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Reduction of NOx in Lean-Exhaust by Selective-NOx-Recirculation' in the context of a Fourth Framework call.

assistant: **Objectives**

Objectives and content Reduction of fuel consumption is one of the main objectives of the European car manufacturers in order to satisfy the request of the customers and to favour environmental protection. This objective is connected with the development of leanburn gasoline engines and an increase of the Diesel car market. However, with the stringent emission regulations of the near future, both in Europe and in the United States, it is necessary to develop new technologies enabling improved emission reduction capability, using exhaust after treatment systems for these types of engine. Whereas the three-way-catalyst is a well established technology for efficient reduction of NOx emission from gasoline engines operating under stoichiometric conditions, there is no appropriate technique available for the Diesel or leanbum gasoline engine. Despite of world-wide research efforts using the most promising SCR technique it is not available for use in production vehicles. The objective of this project is to assess the potential for reducing NOx emission from lean-exhaust using a new 'Selective NOx-Recirculation' technique. Particular compounds like perovskites are able to adsorb large amounts of NOx and thus can be used in a first step for a selective extraction of NOx from the exhaust and temporary storage. In a second step the stored NOx is desorbed and fed back into the intake air. Thus the NOx is recirculated selectively back into the combustion chamber of the engine and decomposed by the combustion process itself. The first aspect of the project will be devoted to the development of NOx adsorbents able to store large quantities of NOx under lean conditions (synthesis of powders, surface characterisation and reaction dynamics, development of coating methods). The second as
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Wind Turbine (350 Kw) For Sites with Difficult Access' under Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Concept**

In order to broaden the market for wind power, it is proposed to develop a novel wind turbine of about 350 kW rated power, applicable for sites that are difficult to access with cranes and heavy equipment (e.g mountainous sites, swampland and small islands). In order to meet site requirements the weights and dimensions of the individual wind turbine components should be within well-defined limits and transportation and erection should be feasible without heavy equipments. Besides high reliability and easy maintenance are major design drivers. Moreover, this 350 kW turbine should be able to operate in weak grids and/or within autonomous wind diesel systems at competitive costs. The project aims at designing, engineering and building and testing such wind turbine, and -besides exploring its market potential-at carrying out a full- scale demonstration of the benefits at two different sites, one in Ireland and one in Austria.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Numerical studies of the energy and water cycle of the Baltic region' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Fourth Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

One of the central issues in climate research is to obtain a more in depth understanding of the water cycle of the earth. Water in all its forms affects climate in a fundamental way and this in many different ways and at different time scales. Key aspects of the water cycle are still incompletely known and such a basic quantity as the globally, annually averaged precipitation is only known with an accuracy of some 10%. An improvement of our understanding of the water cycle is not only a climate issue, but a major challenge to mankind as water is becoming more and more scarce in a world with increasing population and an estimated increased usage of water per capita. The strategy to improve the knowledge of the water and the energy cycle of the climate system has been outlined in the international GEWEX program. The general approach is to identify areas of particular interests and in different climate zones around the world and in these areas undertake detailed investigations. The total run-off from the Baltic Sea is one of the largest into the North Atlantic and the same or larger than Mississippi. It undergoes large variations on annual and decadal timescales or longer. This and many other unique scientific aspects of the meteorological, hydrological and oceanographic processes of the Baltic Sea, including potentially severe environmental issues, has lead to the formulation of the Baltic Sea Experiment (BALTEX). BALTEX is a European contribution to GEWEX. The purpose of the present proposal is to reduce the uncertainty of the hydrological and energy cycle for the region, by means of systematic numerical experiments and data-assimilation studies using high resolution atmospheric models. Earlier studies by this group have shown that the different models used must be highl
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Hybrid-Electric Regional Architecture' (HERA), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

HERA will identify and trade-off the concept of a regional aircraft, its key architectures, develop required aircraft-level technologies and integrate the required enablers in order to meet the -50% technology-based GHG emission set in SRIA for a Hybrid-Electric Regional Aircraft.The HERA aircraft, having a size of approximately of 50-100 seats, will operate in the regional and short-range air mobility by mid-2030 on typical distances of less than 500 km (inter-urban regional connections). The aircraft will be ready for future inter-modal and multi-modal mobility frameworks for sustainability.The HERA aircraft will include hybrid-electric propulsion based on batteries or fuel cells as energy sources supported by SAF or hydrogen burning for the thermal source, to reach up to 90% lower emissions while being fully compliant with ICAO noise rules. The HERA aircraft will be ready for entry into service by mid-2030, pursuing to the new certification rules, able to interact with new ground infrastructure, supporting new energy sources. This will make HERA aircraft ready for actual revenue service offering to operators and passengers sustainable, safe and fast connectivity mean at low GHG emissionsHERA will quantitatively trade innovative aircraft architectures and configurations required to integrate several disruptive enabling technologies including high voltage MW scale electrical distribution, thermal management, new wing and fuselage as well as the new hybrid-electric propulsion and related new energy storage at low GHG. To support this unprecedented integration challenge, HERA will develop suitable processes, tools and simulation models supporting the new interactions, workshare in the value chain and interfaces among systems and components. HERA will also elaborate on th
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Amonia gas absorption technology (AGATE)' (AGATE).

assistant: **Innovation**

The technical objectives of the project are to: Develop a new sustainable technology for ammonia recovery from off-gas with >99% efficiency, which is also reliable,safe and has 50% lower operational costs; Convert ammonia from the off gasses into a product that can be either re-used directly in a production process or can be sold on the market as a chemical product with standard quality specifications; Develop, integrate, scale-up and test the different components of the processes to obtain a totally integrated zero emission solution, with a flexible and efficient character. The technical program contains 11 Work Packages (WP), each addressing the main technological aspects. It starts with the quantification of the ammonia emissions from industrial flue gas streams at end-users and ends with the dissemination and exploitation of the new technology and advanced project management. Laboratory experiments will be carried out to develop the membrane gas absorption technology for the ammonia recovery. One of the major activities is the development of new membranes suitable for fast ammonia transmission through the membrane interface, while retaining the stripping fluid.. The results will be used to design a pilot unit. After construction and start-up, long term trials with the pilot unit will be performed at two end users. An economic and technical evaluation quantifies the costs and benefits in comparison with the existing practices. The review, assessment and evaluation WP has a major steering impact. The project has an important process dissemination and exploitation component including a strategy for market introduction and information dissemination. The market objective is to have this new technology being implemented in at least 20 % of the suitable facilities within t
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Developing and transferring an innovative Energy FInancing miX in order to activate private sector finance for increased investments in sustainable energy projects' under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Concept**

In the target countries of the E-FIX project of Central and South Eastern Europe and the assoc. countries AM and GE, there is considerable idle potential for EE and REN products and services. Both potential energy project developers and financers face barriers regarding the accurate assessment of energy project feasibility and achieving investment security. An innovative Energy FInancing miX is needed in order to access new sources of finance and facilitate an increased implementation of sustainable energy projects. The E-FIX project will trigger private investments using a mix of inn. financing mechanisms, to be specific: credit lines for energy performance contracting, crowdfunding models and leasing models for EE and REN projects.The overall objective of the E-FIX project is to prepare the European market – with a focus on countries of various EU enlargement rounds, as well as markets of countries, which have recently reached EU association status – for the intensified usage of innovative financing mechanisms in the energy sector in order to facilitate the increase of investments in energy projects and services.The E-FIX project will initiate a comprehensive roll-out of inn. energy financing mechanisms in the 6 partner countries (PL, CZ, AT, HR, AM and GE). The 3-dimensional roll-out will cover capacity building, strategy development and piloting of model solutions. The E-FIX project will result in increased investments in sustainable energy projects in the partner countries as well as lay the groundwork for better-informed and equipped stakeholders. The trainings of these stakeholders will provide them with the capacity to act as E-FIX Ambassadors, multiplicators to promote and implement the E-FIX approach. On a larger scale, the E-FIX approach will be disseminated
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Frontier Non-Aqueous Uranium Chemistry: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Nanomagnetism' (UCHEM), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

The Applicant has an outstanding track record of achievement and an international reputation for independent research in non-aqueous uranium chemistry. This high-impact, challenging CoG Proposal integrates four innovative ideas in uranium chemistry into a single overarching inter-/multi-disciplinary project to open up new horizons across molecular, catalysis, materials, magnetism and energy research. The Applicant’s ERC StG has been very successful and opened new doors to several new avenues of pioneering research that were not even conceivable before the work was done. This work extends out from the knowledge achievements of the StG into new, exciting research areas that are completely different. This is a strategically vital to understand yet poorly developed area due to legacy nuclear waste. This project will deliver innovation through studying: (i) uranium-nitrogen triple bonds as benchmarks for uranium bonding and for generating new small molecule activation and materials applications; (ii) homologation of CO to close the carbon cycle and sustainably remove reliance on dwindling oil; (iii) single molecule magnets that have applications in data storage, quantum computing, spintronics; (iv) uranium-metal bonds which act as exemplars for intermetalloids and bonding. This CoG will afford the freedom and impetus via consolidated funding to undertake fundamental, speculative research to deliver ‘big-hits’, whole new fields of actinide chemistry, and, based on this higher platform of understanding, new ways of thinking. This will induce previously impossible paradigm shifts in uranium chemistry and be included in future textbooks. This project addresses priority subjects in FP7 and the ERC, and, via an extensive network of international academic and industrial collaborati
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Horizon Europe proposal for the project 'Searching New Physics using Flavour'.

assistant: **Objectives**

After ten years from the discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN, which established the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics as the most accurate description of nature at its fundamental level, no direct sign of new physics (NP) beyond the SM has been observed.  In order to make further progress in high-energy physics, it is necessary to improve the precision of theoretical SM predictions and search NP effects indirectly by looking for tiny discrepancies with experimental measurements. This proposal will make use of a combination of formal and numerical tools, in particular methods of numerical lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD), to achieve this aim in the context of flavour physics. Two projects are proposed, which have the common goal of improving the precision on theoretical predictions of relevant flavour observables and share the difficulty of being dominated by hadronic effects that require non-perturbative lattice calculations.In the first project, I will study the leading electromagnetic and strong isospin breaking corrections to kaon semi-leptonic decays, providing a method to extract the relevant decay amplitudes from finite-volume (FV) Euclidean correlation functions evaluated on the lattice and computing analytically their FV dependence. This aims to determine the CKM matrix element Vus with sub-percent precision and hence to test the CKM matrix unitarity predicted by the SM. The goal of the second project is instead to obtain a first non-perturbative estimate of long-distance contributions to the mixing of neutral D mesons, which are dominant but poorly known, thus representing a limiting factor in the study of CP violation and NP effects in this process. This will be done by applying advanced reconstruction techniques to FV lattice spectral functions.Thi
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Effective policy instruments for energy efficiency in residential space heating-an international empirical analysis' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Fourth Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

The existing policy instruments have been analysed in the participating countries and some other EU-countries. The national results of these task have led to an international comparison of policy instruments directed at the energy consumption for residential space heating. A techno-economic model has been developed for the empirical analysis in the next step. Using this model national empirical analyses of the existing instruments have been made, which have been summarised and compared in an international comparison of the empirical results. Additionally the empirical results have been compared with the results of a technical building simulation model. Based on the empirical results recommendations for existing and future policy instruments have been formulated.Energy consumption for space heating accounts in northern and moderate climatic zones for the major share of residential energy consumption. As large saving and emission abatement potentials have been identified the member states of the European Union have implemented a broad variety of policy instruments - standards, taxes, subsidies - aiming at the realisation of these potentials. Further tightening of these instruments seems however required to achieve CO2 emission stabilisation. Yet given other policy goals such as competitivity and stimulation of innovations new regulations are, if at all, only acceptable, if they are as effective as possible. Given these policy objectives an international comparison of the effectiveness of existing instruments is necessary based on empirical investigations. This has to be done on behalf of sample surveys to account not solely for theoretical considerations - stemming from economic analysis and technical simulation models - but also for practical aspects such as information