RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Insight into the structure and function of marine pelagic food webs: traits and trade-offs in zooplankton feeding behaviour' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

Understanding biogeochemical dynamics in the ocean and predicting responses of marine ecosystems to climate change and other stressors require a good description and knowledge of the structure and biological processes in pelagic food webs. In marine ecosystems, zooplankton occupy a key trophic position in plankton food webs, playing a pivotal role in marine biogeochemical cycling and fish recruitment. Knowledge of zooplankton predator-prey interactions is essential for better comprehension of the factors regulating the structure of marine food webs and therefore, for an integrated understanding of the marine ecosystems dynamics.Traditionally, models of pelagic marine food webs quantify interactions between species or functional types, but attempts to embrace the inherent complexity of marine food webs make these models very complex. An emerging alternative approach, the trait based approach, proposes to replace the thousands of species with organisms that are characterized by a few key traits (i.e. those characteristics/features that are essential to the success – fitness -  of an organism) and their associated trade-offs (what are the costs and benefits of a particular trait). The present project aims to experimentally quantify the feeding tradeoffs (i.e., feeding efficiency vs. metabolic cost and mortality risk) associated with the three main feeding behaviors in zooplankton and to construct trait-based models to predict zooplankton trait distributions in the ocean. Overall, the proposed project will increase our ability to understand the factors that govern the structure and function of pelagic food webs, and predict their changes under different environmental conditions, including global climate change scenarios.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Epistemology of In Vitro Models in Comparative Biology' in the context of a Horizon Europe call.

assistant: **Objectives**

In vitro models—cells that are cultured outside the body, and studied as models of living organs or organisms—have been increasing their importance in a wide range of fields in biology and medicine. Yet they involve epistemic problems. How can simplified and experimentally modified cell culture systems serve as reliable models of living organs and organisms? How do they function in broader inferential practices in different contexts? How do experts of different fields, who have different aims and values, interact and collaborate to generate, study, and use in vitro models?This project will assess the prospects and limitations of in vitro models in comparative biology through answering the above questions. It will integrate philosophical analysis and empirical qualitative methods to examine a case study: in vitro comparative primatology. This is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary area of research, which studies different primate species by applying advance in vitro technology to serve research into human evolution, veterinary science, conservation, etc. Using this case study, this project will generate novel insights into how various experimental modifications, inferential practices, and social/institutional factors facilitate and/or constrain representational function of scientific models.This project will benefit from and contribute to the existing expertise at the Section for History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Copenhagen, which hosts and participates in research projects that examine epistemic and social implications of specific practices of biomedical research, including in vitro models by combining philosophical analysis and qualitative methods.


**Keywords:** Philosophy of science in practice; philosophy of biology; philosophy of developmen
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Population structure and genotype dynamics of ancient asexuals: insights from bdelloid rotifers' (ROTPOP) under Sixth Framework.

assistant: **Objectives**

Sex is a hot topic in evolutionary biology. Most kinds of eukaryotic organisms are sexual; obligate asexuals, although present in all eukaryote groups, appear to be short-lived evolutionary dead-ends. Explaining this observation has been a central goal for evolutionary theory. One of the main ideas is that sex speeds up adaptation to changing environments over space or time. However, testing this idea has proved difficult, because most as equals have recent sexual ancestry, confounding their use as strictly asexual models. One group of animals that has survived and diversified apparently without sex or recombination is the bdelloid rotifers. ROTPOP will explore the ecological responses of bdelloid populations to changing environments and infer evolutionary patterns.Taking advantage of recently developed molecular tools, emerging systematic databases, and the extensive field and taxonomic expertise of the applicant, it will compare the population genetics of several bdelloid species living in various habitats, from large water bodies, to streams, and to moss patches, to test several hypotheses on how bdelloids cope without the benefits of sex.ROTPOP will use the ecological and phylogenetic results to address the following questions:(1) Are the bdelloid specie s really asexual?(2) Are bdelloids anciently asexual?(3) As large population size is predicted to reduce the costs of asexuality for adaptation, do bdelloids have large populations?(4) A generalist lifestyle might help them to cope with changing environments; thus, are bdelloids ecological specialists or generalists?(5) Many recent asexuals deal with fluctuating environments through clones specialised to different conditions and surviving unfavourable periods through dormancy; thus, what is the pattern of genotype d
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Modelling and analysis of evolutionary structures for distributed services' (CREDO), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

In open distributed systems, the availability and requirements of components providing services vary over time. The networks need to dynamically reconfigure communication links between components at run-time in a context-aware manner. This reconfiguration includes the (dis)connection of components, but also the adaptation and updating of both components and the network. Updates may change the computation abilities of components and the coordination abilities of the network. For safety-critical systems, update should not compromise the reliability of services. Updates should be initiated and effectuated in a decentralized manner. No formal model of computation and communication exists today in which end-to-end system evolution can be expressed and validated. The use of formal models and validation techniques will significantly improve the confidence in dynamically reconfigurable systems, which are otherwise error-prone.This project aims at a compositional modelling and validation framework for dynamically evolving software systems, separating computation, coordination, and scheduling. Exploiting this separation of concerns, we develop a uniform modelling language in which object-oriented components are combined with flexible communication and timing models. A new notion of service interface is essential, allowing separate design and validation of different components and of the network. Interface composition enables end-to-end reasoning about evolving systems. These interfaces specify services and formalize the context awareness needed for run-time coordination and reconfiguration. The framework will help developers design and maintain systems by validating reconfigurations. We focus on automatable and compositional validation techniques, including abstract simulation, s
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Next Generation PEM Electrolyser under New Extremes' under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Concept**

Water electrolysis supplied by renewable energy is the foremost technology for producing “green” hydrogen forfuel cell vehicles. The ability to follow rapidly an intermittent load makes this an ideal solution for grid balancing.To achieve large-scale application of PEM electrolysers, a significant reduction of capital costs is required togetherwith a large increase of production rate and output pressure of hydrogen, while assuring high efficiency and safeoperation. To address these challenges, a step-change in PEM electrolysis technology is necessary. The NEPTUNEproject develops a set of breakthrough solutions at materials, stack and system levels to increase hydrogen pressureto 100 bar and current density to 4 A cm-2 for the base load, while keeping the nominal energy consumption <50kWh/kg H2. The rise in stack temperature at high current density will be managed by using Aquivion® polymers forboth membrane and ion exchange resin. Aquivion® is characterised by enhanced conductivity, high glass transitiontemperature and increased crystallinity. Dramatic improvements in the stack efficiency will be realised using novelthin reinforced membranes, able to withstand high differential pressures. An efficient recombination catalyst willsolve any gas crossover safety issues. Newly developed electro-catalysts with increased surface area will promotehigh reaction rates. The novel solutions will be validated by demonstrating a robust and rapid-response electrolyserof 48 kW nominal capacity with a production rate of 23 kg H2/day. The aim is to bring the new technology toTRL5 and prove the potential to surpass the 2023 KPIs of the MAWP 2017. The proposed solutions contributesignificantly to reducing the electrolyser CAPEX and OPEX costs. The project will deliver a techno-economicanal
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an impact statement for 'Higly Innovative Isothermal Forging of Gamma TIAL Alloy for LPT blades', explaining its relevance to EU policy priorities under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

The proposal consists in developing an alternative solution to the existing LPT blade on the Geared Turbo Fan made of cast nickel based alloy by transcending the work fundamentally performed on the TNM Gamma TiAl alloy.This proposal is beyond the state of the art and is based on innovative isothermal forging process , advanced tooling devices, specific heat treatments and an optimized near net shape geometry.Bringing together these conditions is mandatory to meet the engine manufacturer requirements in terms of microstructure and associated mechanical properties but also to target the cost challenge in the scope of a mass production activity.Following RTD and Demonstration activities are to be performed through the project :-development of isothermal forging process parameters-development of innovative toolings for the isothermal forging process-development of optimized billet and blade designs for the isothermal forging process-test hardware manufacturing""
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Development of sustainable low-NOx and high efficiency Ammonia marine engine' (MariDeNOx).

assistant: **Innovation**

Ammonia (NH3) has gained popularity in recent years as a potential carbon-free fuel, particularly for nautical applications. However, there are clear difficulties in using ammonia as a fuel directly in diesel engine applications due to high auto-ignition temperature, unstable flames and inefficient burning. This issue could be effectively solved by co-firing ammonia with more reactive fuels to improve combustion features. As a result, NH3/H2 co-firing has significant advantages and a wide range of potential in carbon-neutral and low-emission combustion as compared to the traditional co-firing technique with natural gas and diesel. Moreover, the combustion of NH3/H2 produced high NOx and unburnt NH3 which is beyond the acceptable limit. NOx emissions (NO, N2O and NO2) majorly contribute to air pollution. They cause many adverse effects on environment including respiratory tract diseases on human health. Therefore, it is important to overcome NOx and slip- NH3 issues in NH3 combustion engines. To reduce NOx and unburnt NH3 from NH3 combustion marine engines, it is important to understand the formation of NOx through the elementary combustion reaction at the micro-level with advanced lean combustion technology. Therefore, in this proposed research, the two advanced combustion concepts of Turbulent Jet -Reactivity Controlled Compound Ignition (TJ-RCCI) and In-cylinder Reforming Gas Recirculation (IRGR) are projected for the successful reduction of NOx and slip- NH3 in NH3 marine engines with the improvement of thermal efficiency. It assumes that merging TJ-RCCI & IRGR technology should have the following advantages: (1) better combustion efficiency than neat NH3, (2) lower NOx emission, (3) saving fuel energy due to the heat transfer loss of the external reformer, (4) reduc
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Horizon Europe proposal on 'Forecasting climate surprises on longer timescales'.

assistant: **Innovation**

The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets (GrIS and AIS, respectively) and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) are prominent examples of tipping elements in the Earth system that have the potential to respond nonlinearly to small changes in forcing. Tipping elements can thus give rise to climate surprises, i.e., low-probability, high-impact events that may be triggered earlier than expected. Simulating such climate surprises and their impacts, on the relevant multi-centennial timescales and beyond, is particularly challenging. Today, the right methods are not available, resulting in deep uncertainty in future projections. Here I aim to develop a novel, probabilistic methodology to robustly forecast climate surprises such as ice-sheet and AMOC collapse on long timescales. This requires simultaneous advances beyond the state of the art on two fronts. First, a new generation Fast Earth System Model (FESM) will leverage the latest advances in our understanding of key processes to represent the GrIS, AIS and AMOC realistically, in a coupled framework and on long timescales. Critically, this will be the first comprehensive model fast enough to run the large ensembles of simulations needed to quantify the uncertainty associated with deeply uncertain processes. Second, a highly novel and generalized probabilistic approach will be developed, to constrain the FESM to be consistent with output from the latest generation of Earth System Models. FORCLIMA will generate probabilistic estimates of climate surprises for the medium-term future (centuries to millennia) with much higher confidence than we have today, and inform about interactions between key tipping elements in the climate system. This project will therefore greatly advance the state of the art in coupled c
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Investigating the brain substrates underlying higher-order social learning' (SocialLearn).

assistant: **Concept**

Adapting behavior based on context and past experiences is crucial for social animals. Social cues are key in this process as they help animals learn about their environment in relation to other members of their species. Animals learn to associate sensory cues (conditioned stimuli, CS), such as sounds or lights, with salient stimuli (unconditioned stimuli, US) through higher-order conditioning, also known as mediated learning (ML). Recent studies have implicated two brain areas, the hippocampus (HPC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA), in ML. However, how these areas contribute to socially induced ML and which specific cell types are involved remains unknown. The SocialLearn project aims to systematically investigate the neural mechanisms underlying higher-order conditioning using social cues. Specifically, the project will focus on the HPC and BLA and their roles in socially induced ML. I will develop novel higher-order conditioning paradigms that incorporate social cues as unconditioned stimuli, enabling the study of ML in social contexts. Next, I will examine how different cell types in the HPC and BLA encode social higher-order associations by using dual-color, dual-site fiber photometry to record neural activity. Finally, I will manipulate excitatory and inhibitory neurons in these regions to determine their roles in the formation and expression of ML. This approach, combined with unsupervised behavioral analysis, will allow me to investigate ML in social settings, reveal the activity patterns of specific neuronal populations in the HPC and BLA, and clarify their roles in this complex cognitive process. If successful, the project will provide new tools for studying higher-order conditioning in social contexts, deepen our understanding of how social experiences shape be
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'A COST-EFFICIENT, AUTOMATED, MACHINE STRENGH GRADING SYSTEM FOR SAWN TIMBER' in the context of a Seventh Framework call.

assistant: **Objectives**

WoodSonics responds to a need in the EU sawmill sector to improve competitiveness by implementing machine strength grading of structural timber at SME sawmills. In the context of a serious crisis in the construction sector, significant savings in production costs and the optimisation of yield through the use of machine strength grading systems can help SME sawmills survive. However, the current cost of machine strength grading systems (from €100.000 - €500.000) is prohibitive for SMEs. WoodSonics proposes a cost-efficient machine grading system (€60.000) using an innovative rolling ultrasonic transducer array which can be placed directly on the grading line to automatically grade the strength of the timber. Additionally, WoodSonics can detect and localise internal and external defects throughout the length of the board. The detection of localised defects allows sawmills to optimise their yield by removing defects and upgrading the quality of the timber, as well responding to specific client requests by separating defect-free wood within the same strength class. WoodSonics will be validated using spruce (the timber used in 90% of contruction) and chestnut, a high-value hardwood from the Mediterranean region.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Rapid analysis of organic micropollutants in environmental samples using an integrated sample preparation-gaz chromatography-mass spectrometry system' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Fourth Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

The increasing concern about the quality of our environment has initiated the development of novel analytical strategies allowing the determination of organic micropollutants at the trace levels desired by e.g., E.U. directives. However, the increasing demand for such trace-level analytes and the need to obtain sufficient structural information for unambiguous analyte identification, require a distinct reduction of the time of analysis and a more sophisticated detection. In the present project, analytical systems will be designed and optimized which are based on the on- line combination of membrane-based aqueous sample introduction and rapid narrow-bore gas chromatography (GC) with ion trap-type tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) detection. The combined use of powerful MS/MS detection for sensitive and selective identification with rapid (10- 15 min versus conventional 45 min) GC separation will permit a serious reduction of the aqueous sample size from, typically, 10 ml to less than 1 ml. This in its turn will require the design of a novel large-volume-introduction (LVI) module for injection. In other words, a completely redesigned LVI-GC-MS/MS set-up will eventually emerge. Its practicability for the trace-level determination of a variety of organic microcontaminants will be demonstrated for different types of water samples (tap, surface, ground and waste water) and, with minor modifications, for organic extracts obtained with non-aqueous samples. Monitoring and screening studies will deal with organo-sulphur, -phosphorus, -nitrogen, -halogen and -tin compounds, and both target analysis and the identification of unknowns will be pursued. Emphasis will be on microcontaminants typical for polluted regions in Saxony (Germany). Pollution profiles will be compared with thos