RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Developing business relationships by SMEs in the intercultural environment' in the context of a Seventh Framework call.

assistant: **Objectives**

In a so-called “new network economy”, SMEs’ success in competitive markets could be achieved by strategies which are designed to allow firms to more easily share and develop resources (e.g. information, processes, and competences) with a wide range of potential stakeholders.  Relationship-based strategies emphasize that to achieve competitive advantage firms should identify, develop and enhance an efficient portfolio of relationships (Zolkiewski and Turnbull, 2002). It is argued that small firms rely on maintaining effective business relationships to a greater extent than large firms but their processes of developing market relationships are not as well understood or researched. Many of the business relationship models have been constructed in the context of Anglo-Saxon developed economies and large organizations, the universality of these models in an intercultural and/or SME context has not been verified. Corresponding with this gap in theory, the main objective of this research is the identification of effective mechanisms for use by SMEs in business relationship development throughout Europe. The objectives of the research are to explore the following issues:·The tactics used by SMEs to develop business relationships;·The main obstacles faced by SMEs in building relationships;·The effects of maintaining business relationships on SMEs;·The extent of the entities with which relationships are built by SMEs;·The influence of competition intensity and cultural differences on SMEs’ relationship-building processes.The main empirical basis will constitute primary qualitative data gathered from the United Kingdom and the Central-European countries of Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia.  This data will be analysed and used to refine understanding of theory.  Disseminatio
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Nanophotonic and Nanoelectronic  Devices from Oxide Semiconductors' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Sixth Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

Self-organisation of nanostructures is an attractive way to fabricate nanodevices. A variety of self organised ZnO nanostructures have been realised recently (nanopillars, nanowires, nanobelts,..) that could have novel applications in optoelectronics, sensors, transducers etc. ZnO is a wide bandgap semiconductor with a record value of exciton binding energy and extremely large oscillator strength, which make it a good candidate for UV nanophotonics at room temperature. Oxides can also be used for gas sensing applications and the large surface area of nanostructures is one of their attractive aspects in this regard. ZnO based devices will find their application in areas such as communication, security environment or biomedical sciences. ZnO based nanodevices can be fabricated on a variety of substrates, including silicon or flexible polymer, which makes them compatible with existing silicon technology and organic electronics and optoelectronics. The objective of this project is to develop and optimise ZnO nanostructures that will give rise to a variety of nanodevices. Among the many potential applications, we have chosen to demonstrate devices in one specific sector, optoelectronics, with a particular emphasis on lighting technology. For this purpose, we will: (1) Grow self-organised ZnO based nanostructures on various substrates, such as sapphire, silicon, as well as polymer substrates, by different techniques, (2) Optimise the control of self-organisation in terms of position, distribution, orientation, size, shape, electrical conductivity, radiative quantum efficiency, (3) Demonstrate ZnO nanodevices comprising: light emitting devices (nano-LEDs), in the UV as well as for white light emitters, ZnO nanolasers operating at room temperature. (4) Optimise fabrication proc
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'Force, Motion and Positioning of Microtubule Asters' to be submitted under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Abstract**

Cells must move and position internal components to perform their function. We here focus on the physical designs which allow microtubule (MT) asters to exert forces in order to move and position themselves in vivo. These are arrays of MTs radiating from the centrosome, which fill up large portions of cells. They orchestrate nuclear positioning and spindle orientation for polarity, division and development. Forces that move asters are generated at nanometer and second scales by MT-associated motors from sites in the cytoplasm or at the cell surface. How MTs and force-generators self-organize to control aster motion and position at millimeter and hour scales is not known. We will use a suit of biophysical experiments and models to address how aster micro-mechanics contribute to aster migration, centration, de-centration and orientation in a single in vivo system, using the early stages of Sea urchin development as a quantitative model. We aim to: 1) Elucidate mechanisms that drive aster large-scale motion, using sperm aster migration after fertilization during which asters grow and move rapidly and persistently to the large-egg center. We will investigate how speeds and trajectories depend on boundary conditions and on the dynamic spatial organization of force-generators. 2) Implement magnetic-based subcellular force measurements of MT asters. We will use this to understand how single force-events are integrated at the scale of asters, how global forces may evolve will aster size, shape, in centration and de-centration processes, using various stages of development, and cell manipulation; and to compute aster friction.  3) Couple computational models and 3D imaging to understand and predict stereotyped division patterns driven by subsequent aster positioning and aster-pa
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Building up a Unified Theory of Stellar Dynamos' (UniSDyn) targeting Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Abstract**

Magnetic fields are ubiquitous in the universe. The special property of cosmic magnetism is that, in the majority of objects hosting magnetic fields, those fields are organized, such that some meaningful averaging can reveal global structure and systematic behavior. In the Sun, averaging over longitude reveals the equatorward migration of the emergence region of the sunspots, forming the famous butterfly diagram. Further, vigorous turbulence is present in a wide variety of astrophysical systems, and yet they still exhibit organized magnetic fields. These observations prompt the search for a theory to explain how order can arise and sustain itself in such chaos. We claim that the available theories are incomplete, especially in the case of solar-like stars which becomes apparent if we view the Sun as one star among many. We propose a coherent plan of advancement in which each theory shall be tested by requiring it also to explain the cyclic dynamo action seen in more active rapid rotators.UNISDYN project attacks these very problems with novel simulations and data analysis tools. Our path to resolve them is to enhance the state-of-the-art stellar dynamo models with the relevant descriptions of the turbulent processes. This goal is reached in three steps. (i) We will produce improved convection dynamo simulations to serve as laboratories from which (ii) the turbulent transport coefficients are directly measured with a novel test methods suite. (iii) Finally, global dynamo models incorporating the turbulent effects in full are constructed based on (i) and (ii)  results. These results will allow us to unify stellar dynamo theory for solar-like inactive and rapidly rotating active stars. The developed toolbox has direct applications in other fields of astrophysics, such as ac
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Developing a Financial Econometrics Package for the Julia Programming Language' (2014-2020) targeting Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Abstract**

Julia is a new programming language started at MIT, with a strong focus on numerical computing. Its key advantage compared to languages like R and Python is that Julia is (just in time) compiled, rather than interpreted. As a consequence, Julia effectively combines the convenience of these high level languages with the speed of compiled low level languages such as C++ or Fortran. Speed of execution is critical in many applications, including but not limited to those involving big data. One critical aspect of any scientific programming language is its ecosystem, that is, the collection of libraries which implement common scientific functionality. In Julia, these take the form of packages. Packages are contributed by the user community and hosted in an online repository. They can be conveniently installed from within the language itself, similar to R and its CRAN network. Currently there are more than 1000 packages listed.The aim of the project proposed here is to build a Financial Econometrics package for Julia, as this functionality is presently absent. This package would become part of the official repository, and hopefully become the standard way of doing financial econometrics in Julia. Like Julia itself, the results of the project would be available under an open source license, an important aspect of open science. Open source software, via R and Python, has already made inroads into scientific computing, but financial econometrics is still a stronghold of commercial closed-source products like Matlab. This project will offer researchers in the field an alternative.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Absorption refrigeration and cooling system for ships' (1998-2002), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

In several ways, shipping has clear environmental advantages: Infrastructure requirements are very small compared to land-based modes, and comparatively little energy is needed for the propulsion of ships. While it cannot be expected that the thermal efficiency of the main engine can be substantially improved, the energy use for the entire drive assembly with auxiliary systems still shows some significant saving potential. An absorption Cooling system is proposed within this project that uses waste heat from the ship's engine to provide refrigeration or cooling. It will be shown that both the exhaust gas energy and the waste heat from charge cooling could be used in absorption cooling systems to generate cold.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Seventh Framework proposal on 'Security of critical infrastructures related to mass transportation'.

assistant: **Innovation**

To develop adequate and well accepted security for mass transportation in Europe and the citizens affected by it, is a formidable task. The malicious threats, particularly those posed by terrorists, require a comprehensive approach: if security improvements are patchy, perpetrators are likely to find the loopholes left. With their open access points and interconnections, surface mass transportation systems are highly vulnerable, while it is technically and economically, impossible for the multiple operators to employ security measures similar to those used at airports.   With eight technology and security analysis RTOs, four transportation industries and system integrators and two transportation consultancies – many with previous experience of working together in projects like SeNTRE and STACCATO – DEMASST is exceptionally well prepared to take on the dual challenges of analysis and networking necessary to define and achieve commitment for the strategic roadmap for the Phase 2 Demonstration project.   DEMASST will develop a highly structured approach to the demonstration programme built on identifying the main security gaps and the most promising integrated solutions, utilising sufficiently mature technologies, for filling them. In the type of Concept Development & Experimentation approach proposed the experiments must be designed and analysed so as to be maximally informative. Given the vast variation in mass transportation systems an effective demonstration programme must also identify synergies between demo tasks and use less costly methods than full scale demonstration whenever that helps a broader awareness. DEMASST proposes to build the methodological infrastructure for this. But an optimal demo project design does not stop with finding scientific answers: the iss
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Seventh Framework proposal for the project 'Investigating how pathogen effector recognition by plant resistance proteins activates defence'.

assistant: **Objectives**

Plants can perceive attacking pathogens via the recognition of conserved Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) resulting in activation of a multi-level plant defence. Pathogens have evolved mechanisms to attenuate PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) via specialized “effector” proteins translocated to the host cell. Effectors can influence diverse host cell pathways in order to manipulate the cell metabolism for the benefit of the pathogen. However, plants have involved specific resistance (R) proteins for pathogen effector recognition, which initiates strong defence culminating in a localized hypersensitive cell death response (HR), restricting pathogen spread (Effector Triggered Immunity, or ETI). Although PTI and ETI result in similar responses, the links between PTI and ETI remain obscure. The study of R protein recognition and signaling requires a well-established model system. The Arabidopsis thaliana resistance genes RRS1 and RPS4, encode TIR-NB-LRR proteins which confer resistance to baterial pathogens carrying the effector genes popP2 and avrRps4 respectively.The overall aim of this proposal is to enhance our understanding of defence activation during ETI, and possible overlaps with PTI, by understanding the mechanisms of R-effector recognition and how this signals various defence responses. The work is strategically relevant as it aims to underpin the delivery of sustainable immunity in important crop species.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'State of the Art and Innovation' section for a Fourth Framework proposal on 'Business process improvement for the shoe industry by the utilisation of object oriented software engineering methods'.

assistant: **Innovation**

The European shoe industry currently has two seasons, Spring/Summer and Autumn/Winter. There is a trend towards the creation of two additional intermediate collections which leads to the need for shorter product development and production cycles. This requirement ripples throughout the enterprise, also involving marketing, sales, distribution, and accounting.To satisfy this emerging market requirement, it is necessary to optimise our business processes. For central product development and production planning at our headquarters in Rosenheim, it is important to have rapid access to all important control data from all of our European locations including our subsidiaries. It is equally important to distribute data for production control throughout the enterprise. This involves upgrades to the data processing applications that support these processes. To reach this goal, the supporting EDP applications must be developed and modified more rapidly.Specific objectives of this experiment are:reduce development cycle time;reduce overall development costs;support more rapid changes in our business processes;integrate our users more effective into the development cycle.THE EXPERIMENTInitially, we will select an object-oriented method and its supporting development tools, train the staff for this method and the tools. Then, we will define an experimental process to be followed contrasting our current strict sequential waterfall model. This process must support evolutionary progress (Boehm's spiral model). We will develop typical samples of our daily business using the new method. This will be done in two phases in order to eliminate the initial overhead caused by the new method. Gabor Shoes employs 2.800 people, 15 of them involved in the EDP team.EXPECTED IMPACT AND EXPERIENCEWe e
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Prehistoric pyrotechnology: insights on hominid behavior from high resolution study of combustion features' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Sixth Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

The use of fire is one of the fundamental aspects of human behavior. The beginning of pyrotechnology, the mastering of fire by humans, is still a hotly debated issue in anthropology and archaeology. Micromorphological studies of prehistoric combustion features showed that some of these features are products of discernible individual and repeated burning events that took place in the same spot. Thus these features represent a sequence of in situ short-term individual actions and constitute a discernible instantaneous facet of prehistoric human behaviours.The broad objective of this project is the development of multi-analytical protocols to study thin sections of intact, undisturbed prehistoric combustion features. We believe that this approach will maximize the information related to prehistoric pyrotechnologies maintaining the highest degree of spatial and temporal resolution and contextuality. The specific objective of this research is to develop a combined FTIR-microspectroscopy and in situ XRD, protocol t o determine the burning temperature of silicate particles included in the prehistoric combustion feature. With FTIR microspectroscopy it is possible to observe the sample with the microscope and focus on a particle as small as 50 um and analyse it. With in situ XRD it is possible to insert the thin section slide into a Difractometer and analyse a particle as small as few hundreds um.The proposed research will be integrating part of a project conducted by a team of European and American scholars that will perform a multidisciplinary investigation on the same set of thin sections of combusted features from very important French and Israeli Paleolithic sites. The team will obtain the largest possible number of independent evidences maintaining the contextual integrity
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Sixth Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

The development of supramolecular catalysts that rival the efficiency and selectivity of enzymes is one of the holy grails in chemistry. We believe that the dynamic combinatorial approach has the potential to become a useful new tool for catalysts discovery and synthesis.The project will focus on the synthesis of new catalysts for hydrolysis reactions and Lewis-acic catalysed Diels-Alder reactions. As in the catalytic antibody approach, the use of a transition state analogue (TSA) as a template will induce the formation of receptors for these species that should make good catalysts. An important advantage over the catalytic antibody approach is that we have control over the recognition functionalities that will be incorporated into the prospective catalysts. In a first time, we intend to synthesise new non-polar dithiol building blocks for receptors/catalysts as well as explore hydrogen-bond donating and accepting building blocks and hydrids. We will exploit fully the versatile characteristic of L-cysteine in providing thiol functionality, homochirality and a solubilising carboxylate group in the same molecule. We also propose to extend this approach by incorporating metal centres into the catalysts. Using a TSA, which bind (weakly) to the metal centre it should be possible to select and amplify the best catalyst from dynamic combinatorial libraries.