RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'PROJECT ESTIMATION EXPERIMENT' (ESTEX).

assistant: **Concept**

In the Space and Defence markets, there is a clear trend towards software development contracts based on detailed requirements, fixed price, and fixed schedule. This trend implies that the contractor bears an increasing portion of the risk involved in balancing requirements, risk, and schedule. The process improvement involves introduction of a well-defined program of development process measurement, definition of an estimation model that integrates measurements from earlier projects in the estimation process, and implementation of an organisational memory that allows this loop to be closed. The result of the experiment is determined quantitatively in the regularly recurring assessments of the software development process. Also, the result of the experiment is determined more subjectively through the quality of the estimates actually produced in the baseline project as well as through a demonstration that the measurement program involved is operationally feasible.THE EXPERIMENTThe experiment is performed on the ERA project that delivers part of the on-board software for the European Robotics Arm as a subcontractor to a prime contractor that in turn is under contract with the European Space Agency. The project has incremental delivery stages, which allow the experiment to close the loop from measurement of an early stage to estimation of a later stage. Other projects with similar characteristics are being considered as supplementary baseline projects.EXPECTED IMPACT AND EXPERIENCECRI hopes to demonstrate that useful estimation procedures can be based on an approach which is reasonably formalised, yet still based on a bottom-up approach. This has been identified as the estimation approach that is most likely to be useful in the long run in a contractor environment where i
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'How do chiral superconductors break time-reversal symmetry? – Kerr spectroscopy study' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Innovation**

Unconventional superconductivity is extensively sought for in contemporary research. Of particular interest are chiral superconductors which possess non-trivial topological properties resulting in superconducting (SC) order parameters (OPs) that may break time-reversal symmetry (TRS). The possibility of applications to topological quantum computation have placed such materials at the forefront of condensed matter research. Recent measurements of the polar Kerr effect (PKE), in which a rotation of polarization is detected for a beam of light reflected from the surface of a superconductor, have emerged as a key experimental probe of TRS breaking. Here we propose the development of a new generation of spectroscopic instrumentation for the PKE spectroscopy in the sub-THz frequency range, the energy scale that is comparable with the SC gap magnitude of unconventional superconductors. The THz range PKE spectroscopy will enable to study the broken symmetries, the origin of unconventional pairing, the in-gap collective modes, and the structures of the SC OPs. We plan to measure the PKE at sub-THz frequencies and with sub-milli-radian angular resolution from a variety of unconventional superconductors that are cooled to 100 mK, deep into SC state. The aim is to understand the basic mechanisms leading to unconventional superconductivity in these systems in order to find answers to the fundamental questions, such as: What is the structure of the SC gap in Sr2RuO4, URu2Si2, and UPt3? Is the TRS broken in (a) the Hidden Order state and in (b) SC state of URu2Si2? Which symmetries are broken at the transition from the HO state into the unconventional SC state? – and to elucidate the microscopic origin of superconductivity in the new families of unconventional superconductors. In a br
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Phenomenology of War: Imagining the Future, Interrupting the Present' (POW) targeting Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Abstract**

The aim of “Phenomenology of War: Imagining the Future, Interrupting the Present” (POW) is to offer the first systematic phenomenological treatment of war. Is war a phenomenon pertaining to the state of nature or the most extreme manifestation of the human potential for technological destruction? One of the working premises of POW is that both the naturalism and anti-naturalism of much contemporary philosophy are unable to account for the war-phenomenon since both tend to eliminate the human factor from their considerations of human relations. Naturalism tends to assimilate any distinctive human feature to impersonal natural dynamics. Anti-naturalism tends to interpret the human condition according to artificial human productions. The question whether war pertains to nature or culture remains essentially open today. As a central part of the project, POW will pay close attention to contemporary strategic and security studies. The multidisciplinary nature of these studies shall offer the empirical foundation to counter naïve and dogmatic presuppositions about what war should or should not be. POW aims to account for the war-phenomenon by recovering the original diversity of data in the realm of human warfare and by exploring war as a liminal phenomenon between nature and culture. To achieve the project objectives, the support of my supervisor at the UniTo (Prof. Gaetano Chiurazzi) and training in strategic studies at the Interdepartmental School in Strategic Studies (SUISS) at UniTo and at the National Defence University (NDU) in Helsinki will be crucial. By deepening my philosophical background and branching out to military studies, POW will enable me to recover the full originality and complexity of the human factor that lies at the heart of the war-phenomenon, resultin
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'How single DNA polymerases make decisions during proofreading' (2014-2020) targeting Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Abstract**

DNA polymerases (DNA Pols) make various decisions during DNA replication.  Decisions regarding nucleotide selection, lesion bypass and how to respond to replication errors are a few important examples.  During replication, DNA Pols can synthesize DNA at remarkable rates, e.g. 1,000 bp/s for E. Coli DNA Pol III.  However, errors can be introduced during replication, resulting in a terminal DNA mismatch.  Mismatches can then be sensed and removed by action of the 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity of the DNA Pol.  How DNA Pols can sense mismatches to initiate proofreading and how the primer strand migrates into the exonuclease domain, often a distance of 30 Å, is the focus of this proposal.  Moreover, this research aims to understand mechanisms of proofreading in higher complexity DNA Pol assemblies at single-molecule resolution.  Proofreading will be studied with the model enzyme E. Coli DNA Pol III, consisting of separate protein subunits that assemble to form a higher order complex, namely the polymerase, exonuclease and the β2-clamp, which is a processivity factor that encircles the DNA and increases the affinity of the polymerase to the DNA.  The proposed work will employ single-molecule FRET in order to evaluate proofreading dynamics at high spatial and temporal resolution.  Three main objectives will be performed in order to understand (1) how DNA mismatches initiate proofreading (2) how mutations within the exonuclease domain affect proofreading and (3) how DNA lesions can influence proofreading as a function of position within the DNA template.  These objectives will be achieved with a single-molecule FRET assay containing fluorescently labelled DNA to monitor proofreading dynamics in real time.  This work will shift the knowledge frontier by advancing our understandi
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Rates of Interglacial Sea-level Change, and Responses' (RISeR), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

Global sea-level rise is one of our greatest environmental challenges and is predicted to continue for hundreds of years, even if global greenhouse-gas emissions are stopped immediately. However, the range, rates and responses to sea-level rise beyond 2100 are poorly understood. Current models that project sea-level rise centuries into the future have large uncertainties because the recent observations upon which they are based, encompass too limited a range of climate variability. Therefore, it is crucial to turn to the geological record where there are large-scale changes in climate. Global temperatures during the Last Interglacial were ~1oC warmer than pre-industrial values and 3-5oC warmer at the poles (a pattern similar to that predicted in the coming centuries), and global sea level was 6-9 m higher, far above that experienced in human memory.Through the RISeR project, I will lead a step-change advance in our understanding of the magnitude, rates and drivers of sea-level change during the Last Interglacial, to inform both global and regional sea-level projections beyond 2100. Specifically I will:1. Develop new palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of Last Interglacial sea-level change from northwest Europe;2. Provide the first ever chronological constraints on the timing, and therefore rates, of relative sea-level change that occurred in northwest Europe during the Last Interglacial;3. Use state-of-the-art numerical modelling to distinguish the relative contributions of the Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets to global sea-level rise during the Last Interglacial;4. Provide estimates of the land areas and exposed populations in northwest Europe at risk of inundation by long-term (2100+) sea-level rise, providing high-end scenarios critical for coastal-risk management
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Extending the economic lifetime of ageing plants by systematic engineering' in the context of a Fourth Framework call.

assistant: **Objectives**

In the drive towards European competitiveness, it is vital that existing European process plants become more efficient in terms of their costs, downtime, production efficiency and quality. The process industries face two major problems: * Legitimate concerns, within the industry and on part of the public, about safety of older plants. * How to operate, maintain and refurbish existing plants, as to maximise long term plant profitability while improving simultaneously the Safety, Health and Environmental performance. We are proposing here a methodology that takes advantage of the common ground between safety, reliability and maintainability, so as to reap the maximum economic, social and environmental benefits. The innovative aspects of the proposal include: * A new method to prepare hierarchical functional descriptions on process plants, and risk and reliability analysis methods that are linked to the model. * A link between the risk and reliability studies, the failure mechanisms of critical process components, and the planning and focusing of preventative maintenance. * Knowledge bases and software tools to support the hierarchical risk analysis and management of process plants. By better understanding of the process plant what are its critical functions and components, and what is the condition or residual lifetime of those components a more effective policy for maintenance and retrofitting can be developed, to improve reliability and safety and increase the economic lifetime of the plant. This improves the long term profitability in three different ways: * decreased maintenance costs by 10 to 50 % * increased asset productivity by 5 to 20 % increases turnover up to 20 % dependent on the market situation * economic lifetime extension by 10 to 50 % decreases the annual
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Horizon 2020 proposal for the project 'Analysing the Impact of Media Tourism on Locals’ Identities and Sense of Belonging'.

assistant: **Objectives**

One of five travellers has purposely visited a destination they saw in a TV show. These tourist flows are usually welcomed by city municipalities because of their economic contribution. However, the effects on local communities are rarely taken into consideration and little is known about how popular representations in the media and the related tourist flows affect people’s self-perception and the local living conditions. Although sustainable tourism and locals’ engagement in tourism planning are at the core of the European Union agenda, anti-tourism sentiments have emerged in response to the negative effects tourism can have on local communities. For example, in a Spanish filming location for the TV series Game of Thrones, locals posted indignant messages such as “This is not Invernalia, you are now in Euskal Herria!” in public spaces.The project proposes a place-based approach which combines ethnographic techniques and textual analysis to explore questions such as: Which films strongly influence travel decision-making? How accurately do films represent the identity of a place? In what way do these mediated representations affect locals’ sense of belonging? Spain, a tapestry of regional identities and one of the world’s top tourism destinations, will serve as a case study. By exploring the intersection between mediated representations, audience reception and media tourism in two unique cities, Barcelona and Sevilla, the investigation will contribute to the advancement of studies on European media tourism with the help of a novel mixed-method approach. It will serve to empower the locals in tourism-decision making and can be generalized to other European cities. The study will also design the first film tourism-policy and guide for sustainable film tourism in Spain. Col
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'KArstic submarine fReshwater Springs' under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Concept**

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the flow of fresh or recirculated groundwater into the ocean. This process introduces substantial amounts of nutrients to coastal areas, which significantly influences ecological systems. In karstic settings SGD dominantly occurs from submarine springs that manifest as point source discharge sites. Their identification generally relies on sea-surface changes (e.g. visual sea-surface anomalies or changes in sea-surface temperature) and is therefore confined to shallow areas with high discharge rates. As a result the distribution of offshore freshwater springs in karstic environments, which is crucial for determining the architecture and dissemination of offshore groundwater systems, is usually poorly constrained. Similarly, the negative effects of groundwater springs on seagrass diversity and biomass have been investigated at individual springs but have not been characterised over larger areas. This proposal focuses on the identification, characterisation and distribution of submarine springs and their influence on local ecosystems in karstic environments. KARST will make use of state of the art geophysical and remote sensing techniques for optimal imaging at various depths. In the shallow coastal areas (<~5 m), unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with multispectral and thermal infrared cameras will be used to simultaneously image and correlate biological habitats and sea-surface anomalies related to submarine springs. In deeper areas, a newly developed geoelectric system from the University of Kiel in combination with multibeam water column imaging techniques will provide insight into the physical behaviour of the water column as well as salinity and seagrass distribution around springs. All techniques will be guided by biological
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Ion Implantation at Ultra-Low Energy for Future Semiconductor Devices' (1998-2002) under Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Objectives**

The future generation silicon-based devices require junction depths <100 nm. Dopant ions (B, BF2, As) will be implanted in Si at different temperatures, with energies <1 keV (for B) and of some keV (for BF2 and As). However, the successive annealing made for dopant activation produce non-equilibrium dopant diffusion, whose control needs deep knowledge of the microscopic mechanisms ruling this phenomenon.To this end, the following experimental techniques will be used:(i) secondary ion mass spectrometry SIMS) and spreading resistance profiling (SRP) to measure the annealing-induced chemical and electrical dopant redistribution, respectively, and;(ii) medium energy ion scattering (MEIS), grazing incidence diffuse synchrotron X-ray scattering (GI-DXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for damage analysis. The final goal of the research will be the fabrication of an ultra-shallow junction device of high electrical performances.The future generation silicon-based devices require junction depths <100 nm. Dopant ions (B, BF2, As) will be implanted in Si at different temperatures, with energies <1 keV (for B) and of some keV (for BF2 and As). However, the successive annealing made for dopant activation produce non-equilibrium dopant diffusion, whose control needs deep knowledge of the microscopic mechanisms ruling this phenomenon.To this end, the following experimental techniques will be used:(i) secondary ion mass spectrometry SIMS) and spreading resistance profiling (SRP) to measure the annealing-induced chemical and electrical dopant redistribution, respectively, and;(ii) medium energy ion scattering (MEIS), grazing incidence diffuse synchrotron X-ray scattering (GI-DXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for damage analysis. The final goal of the research wi
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Developing tumor vaccines, that utilise bodies own immune system, through dc targeting.' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

Ways being explored to use the human immune system to generate enhanced immune responses (therapeutic vaccination) against non-infectious diseases like cancer and diabetes. Dendritic cells are the key players in the initiation of the immune response. For Dendritic Cells to become successful in tumor vaccination, various improvements are required, including the quality of the Dendritic Cells. Crucell Holland BV believes this can only be achieved by targeting to natural occurring Dendritic Cells in vivo. The research area involves the triggering of Dendritic Cells in the right context for differentiation and maturation so the Dendritic Cells can optimally mount immune responses. Monoclonal antibodies are excellent candidates that can serve as such a targeting vehicle. Crucell has used a phage antibody display technology and the proprietary MAbstract technology with blood, tonsil, synovial fluid and monocyte derived Dendritic Cells to obtain a large panel of monoclonal antibodies in vivo or Dendric Cells and monocytes which the aim of using these as a targeting vehicle to deliver tumor associated antigens to in vivo Dendritic Cells. The studies carried out within this research project should provide a major step forward in developing a tumor vaccine that utilizes the body's own immune system to combat various types of cancer.