RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Self-Referenced XUV Transient Reflectivity Spectroscopy: Attosecond Electron Dynamics of 2D Layered Materials' (SR-XTRS-2DLayMat).

assistant: **Innovation**

The research and development of novel layered and 2D materials is at the center of a focused interest in the material sciences. The large photon coupling of their excitonic excitations and their varying degrees of localization, control over coupling to other degrees of freedom as well as novel spin- and momentum-dependent properties arising from symmetry and topology have made 2d materials a desirable platform for the development of new applications ranging from new photovoltaic and optoelectronical devices to spintronic and ""quantum"", i.e. coherent, data transport and storage devices. Since the coupling of electronic states to other material degrees of freedom, e.g. lattice, excitonic or spin-polarized states, might lead to desired or undesired behavior in these materials, powerful time-resolved experimental methods are needed to disentangle and understand their electron dynamics and achieve the implementation of the desired applications. The ultrashort timescales that govern electron dynamics warrant the application of novel methods such as XUV transient absorption (XTAS) or XUV transient reflectivity spectroscopy (XTRS), which achieve temporal resolutions on the natural timescale of electronic motion, i.e. attosecond timescales. Time-resolved core-level spectroscopy using attosecond pulses from high harmonic generation (HHG) offers intriguing opportunities to study the electron dynamics with high energy-resolution and unprecedented temporal-resolution with element-specific insight into the material's band-structure.The major goal of this proposed work is the advancement of XTRS and its application to study excitations in layered materials down to the few-layer limit. A novel interferometric and heterodyne approach to overcome existing limitations of XTRS will be de
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Horizon Europe proposal on 'Hierarchic structure in pictorial communication'.

assistant: **Concept**

Creating pictures is a unique human capacity, yet pictorial communication has received less focus in the study of cognition than other domains like language. Indeed, graphics are often viewed as reflecting perception alone with no complex representational properties like the hierarchic combinatoriality permeating throughout linguistic structures. Yet, various theories have argued that graphics also use hierarchic combinatoriality, both in individual pictures and visual narrative sequences, raising an overarching question of: Is there evidence of hierarchic combinatoriality in graphic expression, and what is its relationship with combinatoriality in language? The PICTREE project therefore targets this fundamental property of combinatoriality within substructures of pictorial communication, and aims to further probe its relationship to language. First, it will seek evidence for hierarchic structure within individual images (Theme 1), investigating the combinations of regions revealed within the drawing orders of pictorial objects (Theme 1.1), and the combinatoriality of visual affixes, like gears above the head to convey thinking (Theme 1.2). Second, it will examine the cognitive correlates of established syntactic phenomena from language that also occur in sequential images of visual narratives, including center- embedded clauses, serial conjunctions resulting in alternations, and ambiguous anaphoric relationships (Theme 2). Finally, since combinatorial structures have been argued across language, visual narratives, and musicand studies have observed similar neural responses to grammars in all of these domainsI will then ask (Theme 3): do these domains share a common processor for combinatoriality in the brain? Altogether, this project will challenge prevailing assumptio
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Risk assessment of radiation induced thyroid cancer in children andyoung adults exposed due to the Chernobyl accident' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Fourth Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

Foreseen ResultsThe risk assessment of late effects of thyroid exposures is a fundamental issue of human radiobiology. Simultaneously, the thyroid dose estimates will be applied to the health monitoring of exposed populations after the Chernobyl accident.Reported thyroid cancer incidence and thyroid dose assessments in the areas of the former Soviet Union contaminated after this accident will be available for the international scientific analysis. Experience achieved in this study and obtained results should be used in strategy of nuclear energy development, designing of radiation protection standards and in the countermeasure planning.The Chernobyl accident gives an unique possibility to investigate radiation-induced thyroid cancer risk as a function of age at exposure, sex, dose and time since irradiation. Hundreds of thousands of people in Belarus, Ukraine and Russia were exposed after the accident. Particularly, 131I caused very high doses absorbed in the thyroid due to its concentration in this gland. In some areas, the individual doses estimated on the basis of 131I activity measurements in the thyroids have reached 10-15 Gy for children and about 1-1.5 Gy for adults. All ages, males and females are present in the exposed and measured populations.The present dose estimations are mainly based on about 267000 measurements of the 131I activity in the thyroid. In the proposed research results of 131I concentration in milk, greens, foodstuffs and soil will be used as well. In territories where no radioiodine measurements were performed, doses will be assessed on the basis of correlation with 137Cs deposition on soil and with dose rates in air in May-June 1986. Additionally, questionnaire data will be used. The possibilities to use the results of atmospheric dispersion
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Social Ontology and Epistemology in the Writings of Carl Menger: A Realist Disentanglement' under Sixth Framework.

assistant: **Concept**

I propose to analyse the relationship between human agency and social structure in the writings of Carl Menger with the aim to clarify his version of methodological individualism (henceforth MI). My overall goal is to advance the Austrian project by seekin g to resolve some of the widely acknowledged inconsistencies within the Austrian approach, specifically in regard to MI and subjectivism (e.g. see Caldwell, 1988; Fleetwood, 1995; Hodgson, 1988; Hutchison, 1981; Kirzner, 1976; Lawson, 1997; Lewis and Runde , 2003). A clear distinction between the realms of epistemology and ontology facilitates the identification and explanation of these inconsistencies. Given that every method of social research (epistemology) presupposes a particular conception of reality ( ontology), it is important to explicate the social ontology supported by Austrian economists, such as Carl Menger, in order to determine a sustainable version of MI, by which I mean a method that is compatible with the object of analysis. This is precisely what Austrian economists are aiming for when arguing that a method can be expected to generate useful and realistic results only if it is compatible with the nature of the problem being addressed (ontology). I will organise Menger and apos;s social ontolo gy by drawing on the philosophy of critical realism because it offers a profound account of ontology in economics, and thus the categories for my analysis. In particular I will focus on the writings of Tony Lawson as he wrote extensively and with great det eal about the critical realist approach in economics from 1995 onwards. Indeed, he may be regarded as the most prominent proponent of critical realism in economics. This new ontological perspective will also allow me to assess whether current Austrian cont ri
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'Microsystem and NEURal Hardware based Spectrophotometrical analYSis device for BIOtechnological industries and medicine' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Fifth Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

In the current microbiological and molecular analysis as well as in medical diagnostics very time consuming methods and principles are used, requiring complicated and expensive measuring devices and highly qualified staff. This trial aims at the development of a microsystem-based analysis device with a sensor element for spectrophotometrical data acquisition and an ASIC with an implemented neural network hardware as data processing part. The use of the innovative, but not market introduced neural network technology as a micro-subsystem will enable the proposer to develop a new device with integrated expert knowledge which will allow to introduce a new generation of analysis devices to the market. In parallel, the project will clearly demonstrate the advantages of neural network technology and advanced microsystems and will lower the barriers for their further use in various industry sectors and applications.Objectives:Objective of this proposal is the design of a re-usable, hardware-based neural network ASIC as data processing unit of a microsystem, its combination with an already existing microsensor element and the integration of the sensor-ASIC-system into an analysis device to be used in biotechnology, medicine, food industry etc. The analysis principle is based on the measurement of agglutination processes and allows to detect different kinds of micro-organisms. The integration of expert knowledge will make possible the introduction of this analysis method and substitute expensive and time-consuming offline-laboratory measurements by fast and reliable process analysis. The new features can be obtained only by the application of microsystem and ASIC technology and will clearly demonstrate the benefits of their use. Commercial objective is the penetration of a mass m
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'The Neurological Basis of the Magnetic Sense' in the context of a Horizon 2020 call.

assistant: **Objectives**

Each year millions of animals undertake remarkable migratory journeys, across oceans and through hemispheres, guided by the Earth’s magnetic field. While there is unequivocal behavioural evidence demonstrating the existence of the magnetic sense, it is the least understood of all sensory faculties. The biophysical, molecular, cellular, and neurological underpinnings of the sense remain opaque. In this application we aim to remedy this situation, exploiting an established assay, our unique infrastructure, and state-of-the-art methodology, using pigeons as a model system. The proposal will address three questions:  1) Where are the primary magnetosensors?  2) Where is magnetic information processed in the brain? 3) How is magnetic information encoded in the brain? In Aim 1 we will explore whether inner ear hair cells are the primary sensors, and if the detection of magnetic stimuli depends on the presence of magnetic crystals or electromagnetic induction. We will employ a range of physical methods to locate magnetite, and a molecular approach to identify putative electroreceptors. In Aim 2 we will use light sheet microscopy coupled with clearing methods to undertake whole brain mapping of magnetically-induced neuronal activation in the pigeon. We will complement these studies with transcriptomic methods to molecularly and anatomically define magnetosensitive circuits within the pigeon brain. We will build on this work in Aim 3 utilising in vivo 2-photon microscopy to investigate how cells within the pigeon brain encode magnetic information. We will determine whether neurons encode for specific components of the magnetic field (i.e. inclination, intensity, and polarity) and explore whether there are spatially restricted ensembles, providing a dynamic picture of magneticall
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Horizon 2020 proposal for the project 'PROjecTing sEa-level rise : from iCe sheets to local implicaTions'.

assistant: **Objectives**

Sea-level rise (SLR) is one of the most damaging impacts of climate change, threatening the economy, ecology, and entire existence of coastal regions worldwide. Global-mean sea level has risen by ~8 cm since 1992, with land ice loss and ocean thermal expansion contributing equally. However, the land ice contribution is accelerating, and future SLR is set to become dominated by the highly uncertain behaviour of the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. The potential for rapid collapse of these ice sheets, which may already be underway, has made policymakers painfully aware of humanity’s vulnerability to ice-sheet change. PROTECT will push SLR projections beyond the state-of-the-art and have a long-standing scientific and societal impact by (i) significantly improving our understanding and model representation of ice-sheet processes, (ii) providing a step change in modelling the interactions and feedbacks between atmosphere, ocean, and ice sheets, (iii) improving the robustness of the resulting SLR projections, with a clear propagation of uncertainties from global to regional scales, (iv) assessing the societal implications of high-end ice-sheet SLR over decades to centuries, (v) developing and mentoring the next generation of sea-level scientists. Recognizing that developing climate services for coastal adaptation is an iterative process, PROTECT will engage stakeholder knowledge from key EU states vulnerable to SLR, as well as communities from low-lying islands and the Arctic. PROTECT unifies world-leading European experts in cryospheric and climate science, sea-level change, and coastal and societal impacts. This highly interdisciplinary consortium will cover, for the first time, all relevant spatial and temporal scales governing SLR from land ice. PROTECT will provide a
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose a compelling abstract for 'Extremophiles as cell factories' demonstrating excellence, impact and implementation quality for a Fourth Framework call.

assistant: **Abstract**

Summary Extremophilic archaea and bacteria have tremendous potential in biotechnology because of their ability to grow under extreme conditions and to produce unique stable products with high technological value. A number of enzymes from hyperthermophiles like Pyrococcus and Thermococcus, that are involved in DNA processing, are already on the market. The objective of this integrated project is aiming at the production of industrial enzymes (e.g. hydrolases and DNA polymerases) and other products (organic solutes and lipids) from selected extremophiles. Research work will be concentrating on few model organisms including hyperthermophiles (Pyrococcus, Thermococcus, Pyrodictium), extreme thermophiles (Thermotoga, Rhodothermus, Sulfolobus), psychrophiles ( Vibrio) and halophiles (Marinococcus). In order to overcome the limited production of enzymes and other organic compounds and in order to tailor these for specific applications the proposed project will be performed in an interdisciplinary manner involving (a) genetic engineering, (b) fermentation technology and (c) product engineering. Various strategies will be used with the aim of optimization of growth of selected extremophiles. A special pilot plant bioreactor will be constructed which will allow a high mass transfer capacity between liquid and gaseous phase. Specific attention will be given to the development of expression systems for hyperthermophiles, thermoacidophiles and halophiles. The overexpression of novel products in extreme thermophiles and mesophiles will allow for further exploitation of the potential of these microbes. The analysis of structure-function relationships, the clarification of stability and specificity and catalysis mechanism will be needed to use enzymes from extremophiles in diagnostics,
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write clear, measurable objectives and define the scope for the project 'Impacts of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation and Enhancing Carbon Stocks' (2007-2013) under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Objectives**

At COP15 in Copenhagen one outcome was a commitment to develop a mechanism for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and enhancing carbon stocks (REDD+). There is, however, only a limited research basis for such a mechanism particularly with regard to the need for understanding and monitoring the impact of REDD+ activities on climate effectiveness, cost efficiency, equity and co-benefits. I-REDD+ will approach these challenges from a truly interdisciplinary perspective. The overall objective will be to obtain an improved understanding of how the implementation of REDD+ mechanisms may 1) reduce emissions of GHG and maintain or enhance existing stocks of carbon in vegetation and soil of various land cover types; 2) impact livelihoods and welfare of local farming communities and differences between communities; 3) impact biodiversity conservation, and 4) provide a realistic framework for monitoring, reporting and verification of REDD+, including the importance of governance and accountability at multiple levels. To complement other research initiatives we propose to work in the uplands of Southeast Asia in the ‘Heart of Borneo’, Kalimantan, Indonesia, and in the northern parts of Lao PDR and Vietnam, and Yunnan in Southwest China. Rapid land use transitions from forest and shifting cultivation to other, more intensive land use systems and widespread forest degradation are occurring in these areas, making the potential for REDD+ particularly pronounced. Moreover, REDD+ may considerably impact on local economies, because of the high population densities in the region. The partners in I-REDD+ are leading research institutions in Europe and Southeast Asia, international research organizations, an NGO and an SME. The consortium has a strong
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the novelty, innovation potential and advance beyond the state of the art for 'Kant, a Cosmopolitan in Königsberg: an Idea for a Local History with a Cosmopolitan Aim' (GEOCOSM).

assistant: **Innovation**

Kant, a Cosmopolitan in Königsberg: Idea for a local history with a Cosmopolitan Aim   Abstract: This project provides a historical contextualist analysis of the relationship between Immanuel Kant’s theory of cosmopolitan law and his lectures on Physical Geography. The reformulation of Kant’s theory of cosmopolitan law into our present context has perhaps proved to be one of the most influential normative frameworks for analysing and evaluating the state of our globalized society. However, recent critics have suggested that the global order, proposed by Kant, does not simply rest on universal values but is rather historically rooted in a European centre with an imperialistic agenda. This criticism largely hinges on a reintroduction of Kant’s lectures on Physical Geography and Pragmatic Anthropology as the proper historical context for understanding Kant’s cosmopolitan right. The question, however, is how to understand this context. The objective of this project is to situate Kant’s lectures within the academic culture of his University in Königsberg. I propose to see the lectures as an active engagement with the inclusion of Königsberg into world society, and hence as a way of problematizing the process of globalization. This means that the lectures should not, as critics have suggested, be interpreted as the basis of Kant’s cosmopolitan law but rather the other way around: his theory of cosmopolitan law should be seen as critical answers given to questions identified and raised in the lectures. Despite the growing interest in these lectures there is still no comprehensive historical study of Kant’s lectures on geography and its role in his political philosophy. The ultimate aim of this project is to deliver such a study.


**Keywords:** Global Enlightenment, Cosmopolit