RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Automated Verification of Textual Claims' (AVeriTeC).

assistant: **Concept**

Verification of textual claims is the task of assessing the truthfulness of a statement in natural language. It is commonly conducted manually by journalists on claims made by public figures such as politicians, with the aim of reducing misinformation. However, the proliferation of social media has created the need to apply verification to a larger volume of claims coming from a greater variety of sources, thus calling for automation.Research in automated verification of textual claims is at an early stage. The methods developed either assess the truthfulness of the claim without considering evidence, or handle very simple claims such as “UK has 3.2 million EU immigrants” that requires the retrieval of a single factoid from a knowledge base. While useful, claims are often more complex, and taking evidence into account is necessary for the verdicts to be credible.AVeriTeC will transform automated verification by enabling the verification of more complex claims than previously attempted, such as “the United Kingdom has ten times Italy’s number of immigrants”, which require multiple pieces of evidence. We will achieve this by developing methods able to generate multiple questions per claim, retrieve answers from both knowledge bases and textual sources, and combine them into verdicts. As these tasks are interdependent, we will develop novel machine learning approaches able to handle them jointly so that the verdicts are accompanied by suitable justifications in the form of questions and answers. The latter will be formulated in natural language, thus the process followed by the models developed will be explainable to the users, while the evidence itself can be useful even if the overall verdict is incorrect.Beyond developing novel methods and creating publicly available ev
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Seventh Framework proposal on 'Analysis of Natural Language for Real World Applications'.

assistant: **Concept**

Natural language understanding, information extraction, and machine translation are critical for human-machine interaction and key technologies in many everyday applications (e.g. search engines, mobile devices, robots). Natural language understanding systems transform spoken language or written texts into syntactic and semantic structures. Critically, these systems need to be able to work flexibly on many different text genres.A critical challenge for current syntactic analyzers in real-world applications is to adapt flexibly to different language domains. This problem arises because current syntactic analyzers are trained primarily on syntactically annotated newspaper texts. In particular, the major syntactic resource for training syntactic analyzers in English is an annotated text collection called the Penn-Tree Bank. The Penn-Tree Bank contains texts from only one genre that is economic news. However, the syntactic analyzers are applied to a wide range of text genres such as emails, newsgroups, blogs, consumer reviews, newspapers with mostly non-economic text, spoken language etc. When applied to these texts the error rate doubles. As a result of a doubled error rate the syntactic analyzer assigns the wrong syntactic structures to the input sentences. In other words, it confuses the subject and object in a sentence. Therefore it is no longer able to answer the critical questions in natural language understanding: Who does what to whom and why and when. For real-world applications this means that the robot may fail to understand the instructions or commands posed by the customer.The aim of this proposal is to reduce this gap and to provide techniques that obtain a higher accuracy and allow the adaptation to out-of domain genres in an easy and economically acceptable
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Locomotion, hunting and habitat utilisation among large African carnivores and their prey' in the context of a Seventh Framework call.

assistant: **Objectives**

I propose to make the first detailed measurements of the mechanics and energetic cost of locomotor activity including hunting of five large terrestrial carnivore species and their five predominant prey on the southern African savannah. We will refine and use our own innovative design of dynamically responsive tracking collar with high accuracy GPS, accelerometers, gyroscopes, and solar charged batteries to capture round the clock activity, manoeuvring and agility.  We will use a geopointing camera gimble on aircraft and UAV to track collared animals and record locomotion of adjacent uncollared animals to obtain high resolution aerial video of hunting. Hunts will be overlaid on a terrain and vegetation map generated using full waveform LiDAR laser scanning and aerial photography to understand the impact of vegetation type, density and surface profile (camber and incline) on locomotion and hunt outcome.  We will make detailed measurements of musculoskeletal anatomy and muscle physiology to determine tradeoffs between power and economy for each group and the extent to which hunt performance and outcome can be simply attributed to musculoskeletal physiology and fatigue in the different species.The technological innovation and integration, its application to wild animals and the massive potential for its application in field biology is all ground breaking. This would be the first investigation of hunting dynamics where every hunt, day and night of a predator is captured and analysed along with prey dynamics (in a subset) to understand what environmental factors influence outcome. It will be the first study to evaluate the extreme dynamics of highly motivated non-domestic species, their anatomy and muscle physiology and the locomotor determinants of successful and unsuccessfu
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Active Sensation In Motor-control Of Flies' (ASIMOF), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

All animals need to solve some key tasks in order to survive: they need to find food, mates, and avoid threats. To do this they have evolved sensory systems of various modalities, to obtain relevant information from their environment. However, sensation does not happen in isolation: in order to respond to salient environmental cues, sensory information needs to be coupled to movement, and thus motor systems. Furthermore, sensation itself is an active process: animals sense environment by moving in it. This movement in space (whether eyes scanning the environment, or the animal itself moving through it) sets the reference frame for sensory information. We have developed a virtual reality arena that allows online tracking of the fly locomotion, and control of their visual environment.  When exploring their environment Drosophila locomotion consists of straight runs and fast saccadic turns. However, when sensing a directional aversive cue (the heated wall of the arena) the flies perform a fast, evasive saccadic turn directly away from it. In order to do this optimally, they need to integrate their self-motion with the aversive stimulus, by using the former as a reference frame for the latter, and compute the angle of the evasive maneuvre. We will use this active sensation behaviour (with components of self-motion, spatially localized sensory signal, and a directional motor response) as a model for how the fly brain responds to sensory stimuli in space. We will first assess the behavioural capacities of the flies in this context, and whether their behaviour changes as a function of experience. We will identify underlying visuomotor pathways by functional imaging of targeted neurons while the flies are performing the behaviour in a virtual reality environment, and by Electro
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'A Foundation Model for Next-Generation Generalizable AI in Neuro-Radiology' to be submitted under Horizon Europe.

assistant: **Abstract**

Medical artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense promise for transforming radiology by introducing advanced diagnostic capabilities. Yet, traditional AI models face challenges like extensive data annotation needs and are task-specific with limited generalizability to different scenarios. This problem of robust and label-efficient generalization continues to be a key translational challenge for medical AI models and has prevented their broad uptake in real world healthcare settings. AI-Next will build on the recent advent of foundation models, providing a unique opportunity to rethink the development of medical AI and overcome the challenges of traditional AI models. At the core of AI-Next stands the development of a state-of-the-art visual foundation model (VFM) that learns generalizable representations from unlabelled radiology scans and provides a basis for label-efficient model adaptation in several applications. The VFM will focus on neuro-radiology and be trained with data at unprecedented scale including >200,000 brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans from population-based and disease specific cohorts, leveraging self-supervised learning. The VFM will be adapted with a limited set of explicit labels to a range of tasks with clinical significance. This includes the screening and triage of scans for emergency findings, longitudinal disease activity assessment, risk prediction of dementia, forecasting of disease evolution and finally automated radiology reporting. Moreover, the VFM will be employed for image processing tasks, including generating super-resolution images to enhance diagnostic capabilities. Overall, AI-Next will represent a crucial step towards more generalisable, accurate and label-efficient AI in neuro-radiology, offering si
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Horizon Europe proposal for the project 'Advancing understanding of Cumulative Impacts on European marine biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services for human wellbeing'.

assistant: **Objectives**

ACTNOW advances the state-of-the-art in understanding and forecasting of the cumulative impacts of climate change and interacting drivers on marine systems. The program provides solutions options to halt the loss of biodiversity, to restore and protect habitats and ecosystem processes, and to safeguard the contributions of marine areas to human well-being.  ACTNOW is co-developed with EU policy stakeholders to deliver:1) Mechanistic (cause-and-effect) understanding of the impacts of multiple interacting drivers on organisms, communities, habitats and ecosystems from individual-level performance to ecosystem-level stability, resistance, resilience and tipping-points;2) Improved monitoring and new indicators of marine biodiversity based on state-of-the-art biologging technology, molecular methods and advanced numerical modeling;3) Enhanced forecasts of European marine biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and services using scenarios (co-created and regionalized with practitioners) of multiple drivers and management settings, as well as integrated impact assessment methods;4) Fit-for-purpose decision-support tools enabling regulators to deliver regionally-appropriate assessments and actions to restore and maintain Good Environmental Status;5) Next-generation training for early-career scientists working on solutions to the dual crises of biodiversity loss and climate change and capacity building to enhance public literacy on the One Health concept. ACTNOW builds predictive capacity of multiple driver effects and performs integrated indicators assessments of biodiversity across 20 Case Studies capturing all European climate zones and regional seas, including pan-European research on key groups in marine food webs.dies capturing all European climate zones and regional seas, in
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'Cosmology Beyond Homogeneity and Isotropy' to be submitted under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Abstract**

I will carry out a research program to understand how cosmological structures evolve and how the corresponding observables are modified in an inhomogeneous universe. This project will place the field of inhomogeneous cosmologies into the era of precision cosmology. Indeed, it is very difficult to obtain the evolution of structures when the background is inhomogeneous and it has not been possible to fully constrain inhomogeneous cosmologies because of this lack of understanding. As I will argue, the most promising approach is via Numerical Cosmology. This justifies why this fellowship will be carried out at the Astronomical Observatory of Trieste under the supervision of Stefano Borgani, one of the world experts in Numerical Cosmology. The scientific motivation behind this effort is that cosmology is undergoing a crisis, facing, at the same time, unexplained components (dark matter and dark energy) and a >4sigma tension between local and global determinations of the Hubble constant. It is then imperative to test basic assumptions in cosmology, such as large-scale homogeneity and isotropy. These are indeed among the objectives of many major space- and earth-based international collaborations (Euclid, LSST, SKA), which will produce detailed maps of a good fraction of the observable universe. Only after carrying out these tests can one hope to discover the nature of dark matter and dark energy.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an impact statement for 'The best online drug discovery platform, Building the Ultimate chemical database for drug discovery', explaining its relevance to EU policy priorities under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Impact**

Health and wellbeing are among the basic and most essential needs of humanity. Medicines have a major impact on the quality of life and are essential for treating various diseases. Despite the major achievements of the pharmaceutical industry, there are still diseases without effective treatment, such as different types of cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. Pharmaceutical industry is continuously searching for new compounds that can become drug candidates against such diseases. The first key stage of early-phase drug discovery is to select the most appropriate candidate molecules. However, researchers can typically select and order the starting compounds only from the 7-8 million molecules available “off-the-shelf” from suppliers. Our company, Mcule.com Ltd aims to provide the best web-based drug discovery platform for pharmaceutical researchers (big companies, contract research organisations and academics). Our solution, the Ultimate database will not only integrate all purchasable “off-the-shelf” compounds from multiple suppliers, but also includes virtual compounds, which are not yet synthesized, but predicted to be synthesizable with low effort for a reasonable price (https://mcule.com/ultimate-project/). To demonstrate the concept, in 2016 Mcule integrated the first set of virtual compounds and became the largest chemical web shop of the world offering 35 million purchasable compounds. In this project, we aim to create an easily searchable chemical database of 500 million purchasable compounds. Such a large chemical space would present a major advantage for pharmaceutical and biotech companies by increasing their chances to effectively identify novel compounds for diseases, reducing their costs and time losses. The ULTIMATE datab
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain how 'Reaction-Diffusion Equations, Propagation and Modelling' goes beyond current state-of-the-art under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Innovation**

Our goal is to accomplish a leap forward in the knowledge on propagation phenomena in reaction-diffusion equations, in heterogeneous media and/or non standard diffusion, systems as well as non local interactions. This proposal deals both with the general theory of nonlinear PDE’s of elliptic and parabolic type as well as with the development and study of some specific models. These range from ecology, medicine, mathematical economics  and social sciences.Reaction-diffusion models, especially in ecology (for instance those describing biological invasions), feature long range interactions and heterogeneities, whose understanding is a current outstanding challenge. Models in theoretical medicine couple multi-scale phenomena to complex geometries and mixtures of local and nonlocal interactions. Economy is a constant source of newand  nonstandard free boundary problems. We therefore propose to bring our expertise in propagation phenomena for reaction-diffusion, calculus of variations and free boundary problems, to treat a large class of these new models. The level of both generality and precision we are aiming at has not, to our knowledge, been reached before.The project is especially timely: on the one hand, the international activity in reaction-diffusion equations and all related topics is intense. On the other hand, the modelling activity in theoretical biology, ecology, medicine and social sciences is experiencing a considerable growth. The  PI of this proposal being at the leading edge of both fields, there is a unique occasion to give a new impulse to a domain that is important both to mathematical analysis and to its potential applications.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft the 'Objectives and Scope' section of a Fifth Framework proposal for the project 'Moisture absorption and removal in shoes'.

assistant: **Objectives**

The proposal will focus upon two new applications for the Hydrophilm(R) polymer in the footwear industry. i) Moisture Absorption and Retention. Currently used insoles for the removal of moisture from shoes relies upon absorbent material soaking up moisture. These however quickly become worn and emit odour, requiring replacement. The proposal will aim to reformulate Hydrophilm(R) to give it the durability to withstand the aggressive environment of the shoe. A Hydrophilm(R)impregnated insole would retain moisture in humid conditions and release when the shoe is not being worn. ii) Footfall Impact Reduction. Materials such as carbon fiber fabric which would offer an excellent and durable sole material cannot currently be utilized for this purpose as they do not provide the necessary shock absorbent properties to give comfort. The proposal will focus upon reformulation of Hydrophilm(R) thermoplastic polymers to enable its injection into sole materials to reduce footfall impact.
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Implementing Crystalline Materials as the Active Medium in Organic Solid State Lasers: Pushing Forward the Limits of Electrically Driven Lasers' (2007-2013) targeting Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

Organic π-conjugated materials have been studied intensively to promote their application in opto-electronic devices, especially in the field of light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic solid state lasers (OSLs). OSL research is driven by the expectation of tuneable, cheap and flexible devices as well as new application areas, in particular in optical computing, data processing and sensing applications.  Despite great success in optically pumped lasers, electrically driven lasers have not yet been realised, although the prerequisite - high internal quantum efficiencies of electrically generated photons - has been demonstrated in OLEDs. Thus, electrically pumped OSLs are mainly impeded by non-radiative losses by bimolecular recombination such as singlet-singlet, singlet-triplet and singlet-polaron quenching at higher excitation densities accompanied by the low charge carrier mobilities in the organic materials. These limitations might be overcome by organic crystals and crystalline films with well-defined long range molecular order which offer superior charge transport properties compared to amorphous materials. However, several challenges have to be faced integrating single crystals as the active medium in OSL devices, which define the key tasks of the project. 1. Understanding and optimising how different electronic/excitonic interactions and processes in organic crystalline materials affect the optical gain. 2. Examining the role of different bimolecular annihilation processes such as singlet singlet, singlet-triplet, and singlet–polaron in crystalline materials at high excitation densities, which limit the performance of such devices. 3. Imprinting resonator structures on the crystalline materials to reduce resonator losses. 4. Testing the viability as active materi