RCaz/eu-funding-proposals-sft huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe how 'REsearch into POlicy to enhance Physical Activity' will create measurable scientific, societal and economic impact aligned with Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Impact**

In line with the Call’s overall objective, the basic concept of the proposal is to integrate scientific research knowledge (=evidence), expert know-how and the real world policy making processes to increase synergy and sustainability in promoting health and preventing disease among Europeans. The REsearch into POlicy in Physical Activity (REPOPA) consortium will take up this challenge and will bring together scientific researchers from different disciplines and expertise, policy makers as well as stakeholders, including citizens, whom the policies concern. The five project years will be used to build on evidence and experiences, study innovative ‘win-win’ ways to collaborate between academia and policy makers, and establish structures and best practices for future European health promotion. The objectives are: 1) to assess needs, role and use of research evidence in policy making (WP1); 2) to study ways research evidence is combined and negotiated with ‘other kind of evidence’ in cross-sector policy making process with the focus on physical activity policies (WP1, WP2, WP3); 3) via two interventions to explore innovative ways to translate research evidence into policy making process (WP2 & WP3); 4) to further translate the results into guidance and tools for the future enhancement of evidence-informed policy making in Europe (WP4); 5) to disseminate the results and lessons learned widely and to build structures to enhance sustainability in evidence-informed policy making (WP6); and 6) to evaluate the results and processes as well as impact of the REPOPA (WP5). REPOPA consortium brings in scientific excellence in health research, including physical activity and links it with real life experience in policy making and expertise in knowledge translation from different regio
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Draft an executive summary for the EU project 'Applied Physical Layer Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing Encryption' (APLOE) targeting Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

Future telecommunication products promise increased data rates and signal quality, enabling the convergence of services including voice, data and video on wireless platforms. The majority of 4G systems, including LTE, employ OFDM modulation. For the success of these systems, a key, user-oriented requirement is security in the wireless transmission. Security in current wireless systems is achieved by cryptographic algorithms that are employed at upper layers of the network.Commonly encryption algorithms rely on – unproven – assumptions about the difficulty in solving certain mathematical problems. An increasing number of widespread encryption algorithms were recently compromised and proved inefficient for secure wireless transmission. Such issues prohibit the expansion of services such as secure mobile banking. On the other hand, it has been rigorously demonstrated that encryption at the physical layer can offer unconditional security. Physical layer encryption approaches are unbreakable, invoking perfect secrecy in the wireless transmission of data of any kind.The principal aim of this research program is to investigate a novel approach for physical layer encryption for systems that use OFDM modulation, termed Masked-OFDM (MOFDM). The proposed project is relevant to 4G wireless systems. The ultimate objective of this is work is to address theoretical, technical and practical aspects of the MOFDM systems. The means by which these aims will be achieved can be grouped into three main themes:1.A thorough analysis of the signal properties and possible variations of MOFDM systems will be performed.2.The development of realistic system scenarios will be investigated. The main issue to be addressed is the reduction of power consumption and therefore the prolongation of the devi
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the concept and methodology overview for 'Targeting hypothalamic inflammation in obesity and diabetes' under Horizon 2020.

assistant: **Concept**

Despite educational, political and biomedical research efforts, obesity, type 2 diabetes and related metabolic diseases are increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. Failure to deliver efficient and safe medical therapies is a result of our incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. Current knowledge implicates impaired CNS control over appetite, body weight and systemic metabolism as a key pathogenic process leading to obesity and type 2 diabetes. Yet, years of intense study focused on neuronal signalling have produced no transformative breakthroughs. Control centers located in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) serve as primary targets of afferent hormone signals regulating systemic control of body weight and metabolism and appear to be most affected by high fat high sugar (HFHS) diets. Recently, we discovered that in the early stages of the metabolic syndrome induced by consumption of a HFHS diet, significant changes beyond neuronal pathologies occur in hypothalamic nuclei responsible for metabolic control, such as the ARC. Specifically, we observe in hypothalami of mice, rats and humans increased reactive microgliosis and astrocytosis as well as a decline in regulatory T-cell presence. We hypothesize that hypothalamic inflammatory processes triggered by hypercaloric environments impair hormone sensing, disrupt glial homeostasis and incapacitate these hypothalamic control centers, ultimately contributing to development of obesity and diabetes. Building on a considerable body of preliminary data, we will apply an array of advanced technologies to A) develop a functional understanding of the pathophysiology of diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation, B) test if hypothalamic inflammation plays a critical role in the development of the met
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Horizon 2020 proposal on 'PhenoMeNal: A comprehensive and standardised e-infrastructure for analysing medical metabolic phenotype data'.

assistant: **Concept**

In the coming decade a significant number of the 500.000.000 European (EU/EEA) citizens will have their genome determined routinely. This will be complemented with much cheaper (currently ~20 Euro per measurement) acquisition of the metabolome of biofluids (e.g. urine, saliva, blood plasma) which will link the genotype with metabolome data that captures the highly dynamic phenome and exposome of patients. Having such low cost solutions will enable, for the first time, the development of a truly personalised and evidence-based medicine founded on hard scientific measurements. The exposome includes the metabolic information resulting from all the external influences on the human organism such as age, behavioural factors like exercise and nutrition or other environmental factors. Considering that the amount of data generated by molecular phenotyping exceeds the data volume of personal genomes by at least an order of magnitude, the collection of such information will pose dramatic demands on biomedical data management and compute capabilities in Europe. For example, a single typical National Phenome Centre, managing only around 100,000 human samples per year, can generate more than 2 Petabytes of data during this period alone. A scale-up to sizable portions of the European population over time will require data analysis services capable to work on exabyte-scale amounts of biomedical phenotyping data, for which no viable solution exists at the moment.The PhenoMeNal  project will develop and deploy an integrated, secure, permanent, on-demand service-driven, privacy-compliant and sustainable e-infrastructure for the processing, analysis and information-mining of the massive amount of medical molecular phenotyping and genotyping data that will be generated by metabolomics appli
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Explain the overall concept, methodology and approach for the project 'Mapping genetic information into physical space: shape growth in plants' (GeneMechMap).

assistant: **Concept**

This Marie Curie Career Integration Fellowship will enable me to establish my own research group aimed at understanding shape growth through the interdisciplinary combination of biology, genetics, physics, and engineering.This proposal aims to decipher and connect the molecular and mechanical mechanisms underlying a special developmental boundary found at the plant apex - the crease that forms between the meristem (stem cell niche) and the new growing organ; the crease boundary is essential for proper plant form and development of lateral branches. The crease represents a uniquely formed tissue exhibiting negative Gaussian curvature, a saddle shape. The growth of such a shape is of principal interest.This proposal also aims to develop and utilize new methodologies for studying cell mechanics in plants, and to use these tools to link molecular players with mechanical outputs required for the generation of meristem-organ boundaries.The information gathered here will contribute to an understanding of how the mechanics of cell growth, and its molecular regulation, contribute to shape generation in plants. This information will serve as a scientific springboard for my career and my group members. This is a truly interdisciplinary project combining molecular genetics, plant physiology, cell wall biochemistry, materials science, engineering, and bioinformatics. The project will help to cement my career path catapult me to the top of this emergent and exciting field, plant biomechanics. It will also serve to enhance the profile of the UK and the ERA as leaders in interdisciplinary and innovative science.This project will benefit the ERA by: the ERA has an edge in this field which I will help maintain, my current ERA collaborations and those within the host institution will help
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'Targeting LRP5 to Increase Bone Formation in Osteoporosis' to be submitted under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

The balance between bone resorption and bone formation determines the mass and structural integrity of the skeleton and is disturbed in osteoporosis. In contrast to the molecular mechanisms regulating bone resorption, knowledge of the mechanisms regulating bone formation is limited. A recent breakthrough has been the identification of a link between bone mass in humans with rare bone disorders and gain- or loss-of function mutations of the Wnt co-receptor LRP5 or the Wnt antagonist sclerostin. The mechanism, however, underlying these actions on Wnt signalling is unclear.  We propose studies with the following specific aims: i) to characterize the clinical, bioschemical, radiological and histological features of patients with sclerosteosis, van Buchem disease and other craniotubular hyperostoses ii) to determine the genetic defect in patients with craniotubular hyperostoses and establish putative genotype-phenotype correlations iii) to unravel the molecular mechanism of the inhibitory action of sclerostin on bone formation and to determine how genetic variations in SOST, LRP5 and Wnt signalling pathway modify bone architecture and remodelling iv) to reveal the pattern of sclerostin expression by analysis of the SOST promoter and by histomorphometry of human bone biopsies v) to identify and characterize co-factors of the LRP5 signalling and their in vivo actions in relevant animal models vi) to identify epitopes in sclerostin that mediate the interaction with LRP5, raise peptide-bound protein mimics and test them in vitro and in animal models of bone loss.  These studies will not only help understanding the molecular basis of critical signalling pathway in bone formation but will also provide insight into normal and disturbed modulation of bone remodelling. Moreover, they
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write a project proposal abstract for 'Quantifying the atmospheric implications of the solid phase and phase transitions of secondary organic aerosols' to be submitted under Seventh Framework.

assistant: **Abstract**

In our ground-breaking paper published in Nature we showed, that the atmospheric Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) particles formed in boreal forest can be amorphous solid in their physical phase. Our result has already re-directed the SOA related research. In the several follow-up studies, it has been shown that SOA particles generated in the laboratory chamber from different pre-cursors and in various conditions are amorphous solid.My ultimate task is to quantify the atmospheric implications of the phase state of SOA particles. Solid phase of the particles implies surface-confined chemistry and kinetic vapour uptake limitations because mass transport (diffusion) of reactants within the aerosol particle bulk becomes the rate limiting step. The diffusivity of the molecules in particle bulk depends on the viscosity of the SOA material. Hence, it would be a scientific break-through, if the kinetic limitations or the viscosity of the SOA particles could be estimated since these factors are a key to quantify the atmospheric implications of amorphous solid phase of the particles.To achieve the final goal of the research, measurement method development is needed as currently there is no method to quantify the viscosity of the SOA particles, or to study the kinetic limitations and surface-confined chemistry caused by the solid phase of nanometer sized SOA particles. The methodology that will be developed in the proposed study, aims ambitiously to quantify the essential factors affecting the atmospheric processes of the SOA particles. The developed methodology will be use in extensive measurement campaigns performed both in SOA chambers and in atmospheric measurement sites in Europe and in US maximising the global significance of the results gained in this study.The project enabl
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Write the 'Expected Impact' section for the project 'Revealing the Transient Structures of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins by Microfluidics-Enabled Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange' (2014-2020), addressing dissemination and exploitation.

assistant: **Impact**

This Fellowship proposal will design, fabricate and test novel microfluidic chips for the study of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) by Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange coupled with Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS). The research program will use thiol-ene polymerisation to form all components of the microchip allowing fast, reproducible and cheap fabrication. The microchips will incorporate multiple microfluidics channels of varying length and spatially restricted monolith plugs to allow sub-second HDX reactions to occur on-chip. The microchips will circumvent the extensive and error-prone sample pre-treatment steps of current commercial HDX-MS methodology. I will be trained in state-of-the-art HDX-MS technology and will learn how to perform site-specific, light-activated thiol-ene click-chemistry reactions. The microfluidic chips will be used to probe the transient conformational changes of three challenging IDPs of biological and pharmaceutical relevance: a-synuclein, proNerve Growth Factor (proNGF) and Epsin1. α-synuclein is an extensively characterised model IDP, shown by numerous biophysical techniques including HDX-MS to possess some regions of transient structure. α-synuclein will be used during microchip development, providing valuable proof-of-concept and a framework for which to further optimize microchip design if needed. I will then characterise the conformational states and interactions of proNGF; the cleavable pro-element is reported to be disordered, but there is little knowledge of its cellular roles. Previously unreported structural elements of Epsin1, an IDP shown to mediate lipid membrane curvature, will also be probed. HDX-MS will be complemented by electron transfer dissociation (ETD) and ion mobility separation (IM-MS).To be added
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Describe the specific objectives and expected outcomes for 'Resource-efficient Machine for the Recycling of coal dust into High-calorie Briquettes' in the context of a Horizon 2020 call.

assistant: **Objectives**

Coke, a highly-calorific low-sulphur fuel obtained from bituminous coal, is vital in the production of steel by steelworks. During this process, up to 0.5 kg of coke dust/tonne of coke is expelled. The release of coke dust can present respiratory health hazards to humans, whilst accumulating in the environment due to minimal recycling, often as a consequence of the presence of metal contaminants. Un-contaminated coke dust can currently be turned into coke briquettes with the aid of binding agents or adhesives. Binding agents and adhesives, however, contribute to inefficient combustion and release of environmentally-harmful SO2 and NOx gases, which decrease the efficiency of CCS technologies (i.e. CCS technology can be up to 99 % efficient in the absence of SO2 and NOx). Thus, minimising the amounts of sulphur and nitrogen in coal can dramatically reduce the percentage of CO2 emitted into the environment. We, the C.A. Group, have developed INSTABRIQ, a new type of briquetting machine, which can compress any type of coal dust to create low-sulphur (as low as 0.65 %) “clean coal” briquettes, without using adhesives, thus also affording a high heat capacity. INSTABRIQ briquettes have the same structural integrity as adhesive-containing solutions. As an experienced metals recycling company, we are also uniquely positioned to remove metal contaminants from coke dust, thus increasing the portion of coal, which can be recycled to produce briquettes. INSTABRIQ is a unique and value-added tool for coal-reliant industries, facilitating virgin-raw-material- and CCS-technology-efficiency. Following this project, we expect to commercialise our machine by 2021 to create briquettes primarily for reuse in the steel industry and secondarily for households. INSTABRIQ represents the first
system: You are an expert grant writer specializing in European Union research funding proposals. You write compelling, well-structured proposal sections that demonstrate excellence, impact, and implementation quality, using precise EU terminology and following best practices for Horizon Europe, Horizon 2020, and earlier framework programmes.

user: Compose the 'Concept and Approach' section for a Horizon 2020 proposal on 'Law without Mercy: Japanese Courts-Martial and Military Courts During the Asia-Pacific War, 1937-45'.

assistant: **Concept**

Japan fought the war over East and Southeast Asia between 1937 and 1945 not only in the theatres of war, but with equal harshness in the courtrooms of military justice. Wherever Japanese soldiers went, judge-advocates followed, meeting out stern justice to soldiers, civilians and enemy soldiers alike. The system of courts-martial and military courts throughout East and Southeast Asia served three purposes: regulate violence and channel it efficiently to serve Japan's war goals; deter the civilian population and coerce it into following Japan's 'New Order' in East Asia; and finally, convince domestic and international audiences that Japan's war was not only legitimate, but also 'legal'. Yet, despite formal pretences, verdicts routinely ended in execution or harsh imprisonment. As such, the violence of the justice system mirrored the brutality of the war in general.Despite the highly contentious nature of the war even today, a systematic study of mass violence during the Asia-Pacific War has been sorely lacking. 'Law without Mercy' undertakes this daunting task by using military justice as focal point and as a highly precise lens for studying the various figurations of violence during the war. It is pioneering in analysing legal practice as an integral part of this violence and facilitator for its routinisation and escalation on the battlefield and in the occupied territories. And finally, it opens up a wholly new and large body of sources through original archival work that helps to overcome the notorious direness of documentation on Japan's conduct during the war.Situated at the intersection of several historical fields, 'Law without Mercy' capitalises on the double expertise of the PI in modern Japanese history and international law. With the complex and precarious rel