The Kerma culture or Kerma kingdom was an early civilization centered in Kerma, Sudan.
 It flourished from around 2500 BCE to 1500 BCE in ancient Nubia, located in Upper Egypt and northern Sudan.
 The polity seems to have been one of a number of Nile Valley states during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt.
 In the Kingdom of Kerma's latest phase, lasting from about 1700–1500 BCE, it absorbed the Sudanese kingdom of Sai and became a sizable, populous empire rivaling Egypt.
 Around 1500 BCE, it was absorbed into the New Kingdom of Egypt, but rebellions continued for centuries.
 By the eleventh century BCE, the more-Egyptianized Kingdom of Kush emerged, possibly from Kerma, and regained the region's independence from Egypt.
The ancient Egyptian papyrus stem hieroglyph is one of the oldest language hieroglyphs from Ancient Egypt.
 Along with the hieroglyph for the "Papyrus clump", a symbol of the Nile god Hapy, it is one of the foundation hieroglyphs at the core of the history of Ancient Egypt.
 The papyrus stalk, (or stem) was incorporated into designs of columns on buildings, also facades, and is also in the iconographic art portrayed in Ancient Egyptian decorated scenes.
The history of ancient Egypt spans the period from the early prehistoric settlements of the northern Nile valley to the Roman conquest, in 30 BC.
 The Pharaonic Period is dated from the 32nd century BC, when Upper and Lower Egypt were unified, until the country fell under Macedonian rule, in 332 BC.
Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization of eastern North Africa, concentrated along the northern reaches of the Nile River in Egypt.
 The civilization coalesced around 3150 BC with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh, and it developed over the next three millennia.
 Its history occurred in a series of stable "kingdoms", separated by periods of relative instability known as "intermediate periods".
 Ancient Egypt reached its pinnacle during the New Kingdom, after which it entered a period of slow decline.
 Egypt was conquered by a succession of foreign powers in this late period, and the rule of the pharaohs officially ended in 31 BC when the early Roman Empire conquered Egypt and made it a province.
 Although the Egyptian military forces in the Old and Middle kingdoms were well maintained, the new form that emerged in the New Kingdom showed the state becoming more organized to serve its needs.
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in the place that is now the country Egypt.
 It is one of six historic civilizations to arise independently.
 Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3150 BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology) with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under Menes (often identified with Narmer).
 The history of ancient Egypt occurred as a series of stable kingdoms, separated by periods of relative instability known as Intermediate Periods: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age, the Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze Age.
The Hyksos ( or ; Egyptian "heqa khasut", "ruler(s) of the foreign countries"; Ancient Greek: Ὑκσώς , Ὑξώς ) were a people of mixed origins from Western Asia, who settled in the eastern Nile Delta, some time before 1650 BC.
 The arrival of the Hyksos led to the end of the Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt and initiated the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt.
 In the context of Ancient Egypt, the term "Asiatic" – which is often used for the Hyksos – may refer to any people native to areas east of Egypt.
Ancient Egyptian art is the painting, sculpture, architecture and other arts produced by the civilization of ancient Egypt in the lower Nile Valley from about 3000 BC to 30 AD.
 Ancient Egyptian art reached a high level in painting and sculpture, and was both highly stylized and symbolic.
 It was famously conservative, and Egyptian styles changed remarkably little over more than three thousand years.
 Much of the surviving art comes from tombs and monuments and thus there is an emphasis on life after death and the preservation of knowledge of the past.
Middle Egypt (Arabic: مصر الوسطى‎ ‎ "Misr al-Wista") is the section of land between Lower Egypt (the Nile Delta) and Upper Egypt, stretching upstream from Asyut in the south to Memphis in the north.
 At the time, Ancient Egypt was divided into Lower and Upper Egypt, though Middle Egypt was technically a subdivision of Upper Egypt.
 It was not until the 19th century that archaeologists felt the need to divide Upper Egypt in two.
 As a result, they coined the term "Middle Egypt" for the stretch of river between Cairo and the Qena Bend.
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, edited by Donald B. Redford and published in three volumes by Oxford University Press in 2001 contains 600 articles that cover the 4,000 years of the history of Ancient Egypt, from the predynastic era to the seventh century CE.
 Articles cover art, architecture, religion, language, literature, trade, politics, everyday social life and court culture in the Nile Valley.
Occurring at about 450 BCE, Herodotus—a Greek historian—called Egypt the “Gift of the Nile” because ancient Egyptian civilization depended on the resources from the river so they could continue living in that vicinity.
 Beyond the Nile River is the Sahara Desert, and since it almost impossible to grow food in the desert, very few people lived far from the river itself.
 People that were settled close to the banks of the Nile shared the same language and also worshipped similar gods.
 "Hymn to The Nile" is a tune that was created and sang by the ancient Egyptian peoples about the flooding of the Nile River and all of the miracles it brought to Ancient Egyptian civilization.
 Because the ancient Egyptians had relied on this miracle river, Egypt was the “Gift of the Nile.”

Question: Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization of eastern North Africa, concentrated along the northern reaches of the Nile River in Egypt, its history occurred in a series of stable "kingdoms", separated by periods of relative instability known as "intermediate periods", the history of ancient Egypt spans the period from the early prehistoric settlements of the northern Nile valley to the Roman conquest, in what year?
Answer: 30 BC