Thomas Hobbes ( ; 5 April 1588 – 4 December 1679), in some older texts Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, was an English philosopher who is considered one of the founders of modern political philosophy.
 Hobbes is best known for his 1651 book "Leviathan", which established the social contract theory that has served as the foundation for most later Western political philosophy.
 In addition to political philosophy, Hobbes also contributed to a diverse array of other fields, including history, jurisprudence, geometry, the physics of gases, theology, ethics, and general philosophy.
Libertarian Christianity is a variant of Christian theology.
 Its advocates believe that it is the most biblically, rationally, and practically correct legal and political philosophy.
 This type of libertarianism derives from a specific blending of systematic theology and biblical theology.
 Advocates claim to be Christians first, and libertarians second.
 As libertarians they believe that all secular governments exist to protect natural rights, and only to protect natural rights; and they believe that natural rights are necessarily defined in terms of private property, at least in the legal and political arena.
 --- Although they readily acknowledge the distinction between their legal / political philosophy and the rest of their theology, they are suspicious of any attempt at separating the two, because separating the two leaves the visible Church without a viable, Bible-based legal philosophy.
Anarcho-capitalism is a political philosophy and school of anarchist thought that advocates the elimination of the state in favor of self-ownership, private property, and free markets.
 Anarcho-capitalists hold that, in the absence of statute (law by centralized decrees and legislation), society tends to contractually self-regulate and civilize through the discipline of the free market (in what its proponents describe as a "voluntary society").
Matthew Kramer FBA (born 9 June 1959) is an American philosopher, currently Professor of Legal and Political Philosophy at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge.
 He writes mainly in the areas of metaethics, normative ethics, legal philosophy, and political philosophy.
 He is a leading proponent of legal positivism.
 He has been Director of the Cambridge Forum for Legal and Political Philosophy since 2000.
 He has been teaching at Cambridge University and at Churchill College since 1994.
Hypophosphatemia is an electrolyte disturbance in which there is an abnormally low level of phosphate in the blood.
 The condition has many causes, but is most commonly seen when malnourished patients (especially chronic alcoholics) are given large amounts of carbohydrates, which creates a high phosphorus demand by cells, removing phosphate from the blood ("refeeding syndrome").
 Because a "decrease" in phosphate in the blood is sometimes associated with an "increase" in phosphate in the urine, the terms hypophosphatemia and "phosphaturia" are occasionally used interchangeably; however, this is improper since there exist many causes of hypophosphatemia besides overexcretion and phosphaturia, and in fact the most common causes of hypophosphatemia are not associated with phosphaturia.
The Società Italiana di Filosofia Politica (English: Italian Association for Political Philosophy) is an association of academic and non-academic practitioners of political philosophy in Italy.
 The association's aim is to further the study of political philosophy in its various orientations and to promote dialogue among Italian and other intellectual communities of scholars interested in the current debate in political philosophy.
There have been many attempts and proposals to create a libertarian utopia.
 Anthony van Fossen writes that every tax haven is a variation on the theme of the sovereign libertarian utopia.
 The Pacific Islands have seen several attempts, such as the Republic of Minerva.
 Charter cities have been another proposal for breaking out of conventional political arrangements to create a system with much greater scope for innovation in rules.
 Robert Nozick's book "Anarchy, State and Utopia" contains a final chapter that describes a pluralistic libertarian utopia.
 Proposals for an anarcho-capitalist society are sometimes regarded as inherently utopian.
 David Boaz has argued that the consumer choice facilitated by a free market system would create a framework that could offer thousands of versions of utopia to suit the desires of different people.
Simona Forti is an Italian philosopher and academic, whose main interests are in political philosophy and contemporary ethics.
 She was born in Modena in 1958.
 She graduated in Philosophy from the University of Bologna in 1983.
 In the following years she attended the Phd courses in political theory at the Turin University as well as the Phd courses in political philosophy at The New School in New York.
 She received her PhD in History of Political Thought from Turin University in 1989.
 In 2004 she was appointed Full Professor of History of Political Philosophy at the University of Eastern Piedmont, where she usually teaches.
 She is one of the founding members of FINO”, a PhD Program in Philosophy coordinated by the Northwestern Italian University Consortium, and the standing president of Bios, an international and interdisciplinary research center on biopolitics and bioethics based at the University of Piemonte Orientale.
Marxist criminology is one of the schools of criminology.
 It parallels the work of the structural functionalism school which focuses on what produces stability and continuity in society but, unlike the functionalists, it adopts a predefined political philosophy.
 As in conflict criminology, it focuses on why things change, identifying the disruptive forces in industrialized societies, and describing how society is divided by power, wealth, prestige, and the perceptions of the world.
 "The shape and character of the legal system in complex societies can be understood as deriving from the conflicts inherent in the structure of these societies which are stratified economically and politically" (Chambliss, 1971, p3).
 It is concerned with the causal relationships between society and crime, i.e. to establish a critical understanding of how the immediate and structural social environment gives rise to crime and criminogenic conditions.
Jeanette Marie Boxill (née Bozanic) is an American academic who was Senior Lecturer in Philosophy (ethics) at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
 She was also Chair of the Faculty and Director of Parr Center for Ethics.
 Her writing and teaching relate broadly with ethical issues in social conduct, social and political philosophy, feminist theory, and ethics in sports.
 She is editor of "Sports Ethics: An Anthology and Issues in Race and Gender".
 She is past president of the International Association for Philosophy in Sport, serves on the board of the NCAA Scholarly Colloquium Committee, and chairs both the 2011 NCAA Scholarly Colloquium and the Education Outreach Program for the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA).
 For 25 years, Boxill was the public address announcer for UNC women's basketball and field hockey; she now serves as the radio color analyst for UNC women's basketball.
 She is a member of numerous professional associations (philosophy, sports, and the American Association of University Women) and has won a number of awards (from inside her institution and beyond) for teaching and professional contributions.
 Jan Boxill is married to Bernard Boxill, who also teaches philosophy as the Pardue Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at UNC and focuses upon social and political philosophy and African American philosophy.
 She resigned from UNC in 2015 in the wake of the UNC Chapel Hill academics-athletics scandal.

Question: Which entity does this political philosophy that is sometimes associated with an inherent utopia believe in removing from society?
Answer: the state