HMS "Iron Duke" was the last of four "Audacious"-class central battery ironclads built for the Royal Navy in the late 1860s.
 Completed in 1871, the ship was briefly assigned to the Reserve Fleet as a guardship in Ireland, before she was sent out to the China Station as its flagship.
 "Iron Duke" returned four years later and resumed her duties as a guardship.
 She accidentally rammed and sank her sister ship, "Vanguard" , in a heavy fog in mid-1875 and returned to the Far East in 1878.
 The ship ran aground twice during this deployment and returned home in 1883.
 After a lengthy refit, "Iron Duke" was assigned to the Channel Fleet in 1885 and remained there until she again became a guardship in 1890.
 The ship was converted into a coal hulk a decade later and continued in that role until 1906 when she was sold for scrap and broken up.
The Siege of Mons of 1572 took place at Mons, capital of the County of Hainaut, Spanish Netherlands (present-day Belgium), between 23 June and 19 September 1572, as part of the Eighty Years' War, the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604), and the French Wars of Religion.
 In the spring of 1572, after the capture of Valenciennes by a Protestant force under Louis of Nassau, the Dutch commander continued with his offensive and took Mons by surprise on 24 May.
 After three months of siege, and the defeats of the armies of Adrien de Hangest, Seigneur de Genlis, and William the Silent, Prince of Orange "(Dutch: Willem van Oranje)", by the Spanish army led by Don Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba (""The Iron Duke""), Governor-General of the Spanish Netherlands, and his son, Don Fadrique de Toledo, Louis of Nassau's forces, isolated and without any hope of help, surrendered Mons to the Duke of Alba on 19 September.
<ref name="Hernán/Maffi p. 24">Hernán/Maffi p.24</ref>
The Battle of Jodoigne was fought October 20th 1568 between Spanish and Dutch forces.
 The Spanish under Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba destroyed the rear guard of William the Silent's invading army, forcing him to abandon his invasion of the Netherlands and to retreat into Germany.
The "Iron Duke" class was a group of four dreadnought battleships built for the British Royal Navy before the First World War.
 The class comprised four ships: "Iron Duke" , "Marlborough" , "Benbow" , and "Emperor of India" .
 Launched from October 1912 to November 1913, this was the third class of Royal Navy super-dreadnoughts.
Three ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS "Iron Duke" after Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, nicknamed the "Iron Duke".
 The name is also a pun, as the first ship so named was an ironclad.
The Ordinance of Normandy is the name given to a paper authored by Philip VI of France on 23 March 1338.
 It called for a second Norman conquest of England, with an invading army led by the Duke of Normandy, and England was to be divided between the Duke of Normandy and his nobles as a fief for the King of France.
 It was discovered by the English army at Caen, following the Battle of Caen in 1346 that ensued from the English invasion of Normandy.
 The Earl of Huntingdon brought the document to England after he was invalided home and it was read out in St. Paul's Cathedral in London by the Archbishop of Canterbury, John de Stratford.
 It was claimed that King Philip vowed to "destruire & anientier tote la Nation & la Lange Engleys" [destroy and eliminate the entire English nation and language].
 However some scholars believe the letter to have been forged.
HMS "Benbow" was the third of four "Iron Duke"-class battleship s of the Royal Navy, the third ship to be named in honour of Admiral John Benbow.
 Ordered in the 1911 building programme, the ship was laid down at the William Beardmore and Company shipyard in May 1912, was launched in November 1913, and was completed in October 1914, shortly after the outbreak of the First World War.
 The four "Iron Duke"s were very similar to the preceding "King George V" class , with an improved secondary battery.
 She was armed with a main battery of ten 13.5 in guns and twelve 6 in secondary guns.
 The ship was capable of a top speed of 21.25 kn , and had a 12 in thick armoured belt.
Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel (29 October 150711 December 1582), known as the Grand Duke of Alba in Spain and the Iron Duke in the Netherlands, was a Spanish noble, general, and diplomat.
 He was titled the 3rd Duke of Alba de Tormes, 4th Marquis of Coria, 3rd Count of Salvatierra de Tormes, 2nd Count of Piedrahita, 8th Lord of Valdecorneja, Grandee of Spain, and a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece.
 His motto in Latin was "Deo patrum Nostrorum", which in English means "To the God of our fathers".
The Battle of Stångebro, or the Battle of Linköping, took place at Linköping, Sweden, on 25 September 1598 (O.S.) and effectively ended the personal union between Sweden and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, that had existed since 1592.
 In the battle, an army of c. 8 ,000–12,000 commanded by Duke Charles defeated a mixed force of c. 5,000–8,000 consisting of an invading army of mercenaries in the king's employ and diverse but poorly co-ordinated supporting Swedish noblemen's forces commanded by King of both Sweden and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Sigismund III Vasa, who was acting to maintain and restore his personal union against anti-Catholic forces in Lutheran Sweden.
 The Swedish kings general Constantin fought at the western bridge.
The Revolutionary Committee of the Batavian Republic was formed on 17 January 1795, when revolution broke out in the Netherlands against the regime of prince William V of Orange.
 The French army defeated William's army and he fled to Great Britain.
 Many refugees, who had fled the Netherlands after the Prussian invasion on behalf of prince William V in 1787, could now return.
 The presidents of the Revolutionary Committee acted as heads of state of the Netherlands (only recognized by France).

Question: Who was the Grand Duke of Alba and Iron Duke in the Netherlands that defeated William the Silent's invading army?
Answer: Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel