Littérature was a literary magazine edited by André Breton, Philippe Soupault, and Louis Aragon.
 Its first issue was published on March 19, 1919.
 Because of dwindling circulation, Breton decided to terminate publication after the August 1921 issue.
 In March 1922, however, he relaunched the magazine with the cover illustrating a Man Ray drawing of a shiny top hat, and the title, ""Littérature": New Series."
 Breton remained the only one in charge of the review, after the departure of Aragon and Soupault, and to mark the review's change of direction, Breton decided to replace the cover image created by Man Ray with drawings – different each time – by Francis Picabia, to whom he gave carte blanche for each issue.
 Picabia drew on religious imagery, erotic iconography, and the iconography of games of chance.
Surrealist automatism is a method of art making in which the artist suppresses conscious control over the making process, allowing the unconscious mind to have great sway.
 Early 20th century Dadaists, such as Hans Arp, made some use of this method through chance operations.
 Surrealist artists, most notably André Masson, adapted to art the automatic writing method of André Breton and Philippe Soupault who composed with it "Les Champs Magnétiques" (The Magnetic Fields) in 1919. "
The Automatic Message" (1933) was one of Breton's significant theoretical works about automatism.
Suzanne Muzard or Musard (1900–1992) was a French prostitute and photographer associated with surrealism.
 The lover of André Breton, she was addressed in Breton's love poems.
The Anthology of Black Humor (in French "Anthologie de l'humour noir") is an anthology of 45 writers edited by André Breton.
 It was first published in 1940 in Paris by Éditions du Sagittaire and its distribution was immediately banned by the Vichy government.
 It was reprinted in 1947 after Breton's return from exile, with a few additions.
 In 1966, Breton, ""having resisted the temptation to add more names"", published the book again and called this edition "the definitive".
The Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme was an exhibition by surrealist artists that took place from January 17 to February 24, 1938, in the generously equipped Galérie Beaux-Arts, run by Georges Wildenstein, at 140, Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré in Paris.
 It was organised by the French writer André Breton, the surrealists' brain and theorist, and Paul Éluard, the best known poet of the movement.
 The catalogue listed, along with the above, Marcel Duchamp as generator and arbitrator (to appease the partly fierce conflicts mainly between Breton and Éluard), Salvador Dalí and Max Ernst as technical advisers, Man Ray as head lighting technician and Wolfgang Paalen as responsible for the design the entrance and main hall with "water and foliage".
 The exhibition was staged in three sections, showing paintings and objects as well as unusually decorated rooms and mannequins which had been redesigned in various ways.
 With this holistic presentation of surrealist art work the movement wrote exhibition history.
Philippe Soupault (2 August 1897, Chaville, Hauts-de-Seine – 12 March 1990, Paris) was a French writer and poet, novelist, critic, and political activist.
 He was active in Dadaism and later founded the Surrealist movement with André Breton.
 Soupault initiated the periodical "Littérature" together with the writers Breton and Louis Aragon in Paris in 1919, which, for many, marks the beginnings of Surrealism.
 The first book of automatic writing, "Les champs magnétiques" (1920), was co-authored by Soupault and Breton.
 In 1927 Soupault, with the help of his wife Marie-Louise, translated William Blake's "Songs of Innocence and Experience" into French.
 The next year, Soupault authored a monograph on Blake, arguing the poet was a "genius" whose work anticipated the Surrealist movement in literature.
 He directed Radio Tunis from 1937 to 1940, when he was arrested by the pro-Vichy regime.
 He fled successfully to Algiers.
Georges Alexandre Malkine (10 October 1898 – 22 March 1970) was the only visual artist named in André Breton’s 1924 Surrealist Manifesto among those who, at the time of its publication, had “performed acts of absolute surrealism."
 The rest Breton named were for the most part writers, including Louis Aragon, Robert Desnos, and Benjamin Peret.
 Malkine's 1926 painting "Nuit D'amour" was the precursor of the lyrical abstract school of painting.
André Breton (] ; 19 February 1896 – 28 September 1966) was a French writer, poet, and anti-fascist.
 He is known best as the founder of Surrealism.
 His writings include the first "Surrealist Manifesto" ("Manifeste du surréalisme") of 1924, in which he defined surrealism as "pure psychic automatism".
Jacques Vaché (7 September 1895 – 6 January 1919) was a friend of André Breton, the founder of surrealism.
 Vaché was one of the chief inspirations behind the Surrealist movement.
 As Breton said:
Richard Ford (born February 16, 1944) is an American novelist and short story writer.
 His best-known works are the novel "The Sportswriter" and its sequels, "Independence Day", "The Lay of the Land" and "Let Me Be Frank With You", and the short story collection "Rock Springs", which contains several widely anthologized stories.

Question: Are André Breton and Richard Ford of the same nationality?
Answer: no