European science in the Middle Ages comprised the study of nature, mathematics and natural philosophy in medieval Europe.
 Following the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the decline in knowledge of Greek, Christian Western Europe was cut off from an important source of ancient learning.
 Although a range of Christian clerics and scholars from Isidore and Bede to Buridan and Oresme maintained the spirit of rational inquiry, Western Europe would see a period of scientific decline during the Early Middle Ages.
 However, by the time of the High Middle Ages, the region had rallied and was on its way to once more taking the lead in scientific discovery (see Scientific Revolution).
The history of schools in Scotland includes the development of all schools as institutions and buildings in Scotland, from the early Middle Ages to the present day.
 From the early Middle Ages there were bardic schools, that trained individuals in the poetic and musical arts.
 Monasteries served as major repositories of knowledge and education, often running schools.
 In the High Middle Ages, new sources of education arose including choir and grammar schools designed to train priests.
 Benedictine and Augustinian foundations probably had charitable almonry schools to educate young boys, who might enter the priesthood.
 Some abbeys opened their doors to teach the sons of gentlemen.
 By the end of the Middle Ages, grammar schools could be found in all the main burghs and some small towns.
 In rural areas there were petty or reading schools that provided an elementary education.
 Private tuition in the families of lords and wealthy burghers sometimes developed into "household schools".
 Girls of noble families were taught in nunneries and by the end of the fifteenth century Edinburgh also had schools for girls, sometimes described as "sewing schools".
 There is documentary evidence for about 100 schools of these different kinds before the Reformation.
 The growing humanist-inspired emphasis on education cumulated with the passing of the Education Act 1496.
The Holy Roman Empire (Latin: "Sacrum Imperium Romanum" ; German: "Heiliges Römisches Reich" ) was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806.
 The largest territory of the empire after 962 was the Kingdom of Germany, though it also came to include the Kingdom of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Burgundy, the Kingdom of Italy, and numerous other territories.
The Friesian (also Frizian) is a horse breed originating in Friesland, in the Netherlands.
 Although the conformation of the breed resembles that of a light draught horse, Friesians are graceful and nimble for their size.
 It is believed that during the Middle Ages, ancestors of Friesian horses were in great demand as war horses throughout continental Europe.
 Through the Early Middle Ages and High Middle Ages, their size enabled them to carry a knight in armour.
 In the Late Middle Ages, heavier, draught type animals were needed.
 Though the breed nearly became extinct on more than one occasion, the modern day Friesian horse is growing in numbers and popularity, used both in harness and under saddle.
 Most recently, the breed is being introduced to the field of dressage.
The early Slavs were a diverse group of tribal societies who lived during the Migration Period and Early Middle Ages (approximately the fifth to the tenth centuries) in Eastern Europe and in Central Europe and established the foundations for the Slavic nations through the Slavic states of the High Middle Ages.
 The first written use of the name "Slavs" dates to the sixth century, when the Slavic tribes inhabited a large portion of Central and Eastern Europe.
 By that century, native Iranian ethnic groups (the Scythians, Sarmatians, and Alans) had been absorbed by the region's Slavic population.
 Over the next two centuries, the Slavs expanded southwest toward the Balkans and the Alps and northeast towards the Volga River.
The history of the Jews in France deals with the Jews and Jewish communities in France.
 There has been a Jewish presence in France since at least the early Middle Ages.
 France was a center of Jewish learning in the Middle Ages, but persecution increased as the Middle Ages wore on, including multiple expulsions and returns.
 During the late 18th century French Revolution, France was the first country in Europe to emancipate its Jewish population.
 Antisemitism has persisted despite legal equality, as expressed in the Dreyfus affair of the late 19th century.
Medieval archaeology is the study of humankind through its material culture, specialising in the period of the European Middle Ages.
 At its broadest, the period stretches from the 5th to the 16th century and refers to post-Roman but pre-modern remains.
 The period covers the upheaval caused by the fall of the Roman Empire and cultures such as the Vikings, Saxons, and Franks.
 Archaeologists often specialise in studying either the Early Middle Ages (Migration Period) or the High Middle Ages and Late Middle Ages, although many projects and professionals move across these chronological boundaries.
 The rich nature of the medieval written record has meant that archaeology has often been seen as the "handmaiden to history", especially in the later medieval period.
 Analysis of material culture may enrich or call into question written evidence from the medieval period and the two sources of evidence need to be used together.
 Medieval archaeology has examined the development of medieval settlements, particularly the development of medieval towns and castles.
 It has also contributed to understanding of the spread and development of Christian monasticism during the medieval period.
The High Middle Ages or High Medieval Period was the period of European history around the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries ( 10011300).
 The High Middle Ages are preceded by the Early Middle Ages and followed by the Late Middle Ages, which by convention end around 1500.
The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), lasting from the 5th to the 10th century CE, marked the start of the Middle Ages of European history.
 The Early Middle Ages followed the decline of the Western Roman Empire and preceded the High Middle Ages (c. 10th to 13th centuries).
 The Early Middle Ages largely overlap with Late Antiquity.
 The term "Late Antiquity" is used to emphasize elements of continuity with the Roman Empire, while "Early Middle Ages" is used to emphasize developments characteristic of the later medieval period.
The Burgraviate of Rheineck was a burgraviate of the Holy Roman Empire.
 It was a member of the Upper Rhenish Circle.

Question: Who was was a burgraviate of a multi-ethnic complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806?
Answer: Burgraviate of Rheineck