Kim Il-sung ( ; Korean: 김일성 , ] ; born Kim Sŏng-ju (김성주 ); 15 April 1912 – 8 July 1994) was the leader of North Korea from its establishment in 1948 until his death in 1994.
 He held the posts of Premier from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to 1994.
 He was also the leader of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) from 1949 to 1994 (titled as chairman from 1949 to 1966 and as general secretary after 1966).
 Coming to power after the overthrow of Japanese rule in 1945, he authorized the invasion of South Korea in 1950, triggering a defense of South Korea by the United Nations led by the United States.
 Following military stalemate in the Korean War, a cease-fire was signed on 27 July 1953.
 He was one of the longest-serving non-royal heads of state/government in the 20th century, in office for more than 45 years.
Institute of Natural Science (INS) is a university located inside the region of the National Academy of Science in Pyongyang, North Korea.
 As Kim Il-sung, a former leader of North Korea, emphasized the significance of education for gifted and talented students, INS originally started as a branch of Kim Il-sung University on January 17, 1962.
 It was separated from Kim Il-sung University in 1985.
 In South Korean mass media, this university is called "KAIST of North Korea".
 Top students of natural sciences or engineering in North Korea study at this university supported totally by North Korean government.
 Eighty percent of them is graduated from No.1 Middle Schools, which are science high schools for gifted and talented students in North Korea, and the rest thirty percent are medal winners in the national science (math, physics, chemistry, and biology) olympiads or national science quiz contests.
Iran–North Korea relations (Korean: 이란-조선민주주의인민공화국 관계 ; Persian: روابط ایران و کره‌ی شمالی‎ ‎ ) are described as being positive by official news agencies of the two countries.
 Diplomatic relations picked up following the Iranian Revolution in 1979 and the establishment of an Islamic Republic.
 Iran and North Korea pledge cooperation in educational, scientific, and cultural spheres.
 Some media reports claim this cooperation extends to nuclear cooperation, though official U.S. government publications and academic studies have disputed this.
 The United States has been greatly concerned by North Korea's arms deals with Iran, which started during the 1980s with North Korea acting as a third party in arms deals between the Communist bloc and Iran, as well as selling domestically produced weapons to Iran, and North Korea continues selling missile to Iran.
 North Korea and Iran are the remaining two members of George W. Bush's "Axis of evil", which has led to many of the concerns regarding Iran–North Korea relations.
When Kim Jong-il, former leader of North Korea, is mentioned in North Korean media and publications, he is not simply addressed by name.
 At least one special title is used, and his name is emphasised by a special bold font, for example: "The great leader Comrade Kim Jong-il provides on-the-spot guidance to the Ragwon Machine Complex."
 Alternatively, a larger than normal font may be used.
 (Example: "The great leader Comrade Kim Jong-il provides on-the-spot guidance to the Ragwon Machine Complex.")
 The titles themselves were developed by the Central Committee of the Workers' Party.
 The same applies to Kim Jong-il's father, Kim Il-sung, who ruled North Korea from 1948 to 1994.
 Scholars have collected the following list of Kim Jong-il’s titles.
Kang Pan-sŏk (21 April 1892 – 31 July 1932) was the mother of North Korean leader Kim Il-sung, grandmother of the late leader of North Korea, Kim Jong-il, and great-grandmother of the current leader of North Korea, Kim Jong-un.
 She was a Korean independence activist and communist politician.
 April 21 is a day of memorial for her in North Korea, when a wreath-laying ceremony is held at Chilgol Revolutionary Site, in what was Chilgol-ri, a town once in Pyongan Province and today part of Pyongyang.
Kim Sŏng-ae (born 1928) is a former North Korean politician, and the second wife of North Korean leader Kim Il-sung.
New Zealand–North Korea relations (Korean:뉴질랜드-조선민주주의인민공화국 관계) refers to international relations between New Zealand and North Korea.
 Relations between the two countries have been almost non-existent since the division of Korea.
 During the Korean War in the 1950s, New Zealand troops fought as part of the United Nations force that repelled the North Korean invasion of South Korea.
 Since then, New Zealand and North Korea have had little contact, until July 2000 when North Korean Foreign Minister Paek Nam-sun and New Zealand Minister of Foreign Affairs Phil Goff met in Bangkok, leading to the establishment of diplomatic relations in March 2001.
 The New Zealand ambassador to South Korea based in Seoul is also cross-accredited to North Korea.
 In 2006, North Korea tested its first nuclear weapon, drawing criticism and suspension of relations by the New Zealand government, which holds a staunch anti-nuclear policy.
 New Zealand began re-establishing formal relations in 2007, when the New Zealand Minister of Foreign Affairs Winston Peters visited Pyongyang on November 20 to discuss possible political and economic deals with North Korea, on the basis that it start dismantling its nuclear weapons facilities.
Kim Il-sung was the founder and first leader of North Korea.
 Jane Portal, the author of "Art Under Control in North Korea", assesses that: "[i]t is probably the case that Kim Il-sung [had] more buildings named after him during his lifetime than any other leader in history".
 North Korea claims that "[m]ore than 480 streets, institutions and organizations in 100 countries were named after Kim Il Sung".
 Since Kim Il-sung's name "Il-sung" can mean "the Sun", many things named after him are actually called this way.
The Communist movement in Korea emerged as a political movement in the early 20th century.
 Although the movement had a minor role in pre-war politics, the division between the communist North Korea and the anti-communist South Korea came to dominate Korean political life in the post-World War II era.
 North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, continues to be a Juche "socialist" state under the rule of the Workers Party of Korea.
 In South Korea, communism remains illegal through the National Security Law.
 Due to end of economic aid from Soviet Union after Dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 and impractical ideological application of Communist economy in North Korea over years of economic slowdown in 1980s and receding during 1990s, North Korea replaced Communism with Juche ideology in its 1992 and 1998 Constitutional revision for the personal cult of Kim's family dictatorship and (albeit reluctanly) opening of North Korean market economy reform, though it still remains a centrally planned economy with complete control of the state and agriculture with collectivized farms and state-funded education and healthcare.
Kim Sang-duk (Hangul: 김상덕 ; born c. 1959), also known as Tony Kim, is a Korean-American former professor teaching accounting at the Business Administration School of Yanbian University of Science and Technology (YUST) in the northeastern Chinese city of Yanji, near the Chinese border with North Korea.
 According to Voice of America Korea reports, he was a regional director in charge of transporting foreign aid materials to several areas affected by the 2016 floods in North Korea while his humanitarian work has gone on for more than 10 years.
 On April 22, 2017, Kim, a U.S. citizen, and his wife were detained and Kim was subsequently arrested at Sunan International Airport in Pyongyang as he was waiting to board a flight.
 As of June 2017, Kim is currently one of three Americans being held by North Korea; the others are Kim Dong-chul and Kim Hak-Song.

Question:  Kim Sŏng-ae is the wife of which leader of North Korea who died in 1994? 
Answer: Kim Il-sung