Alexander Comyn, 2nd Earl of Buchan (died 1289) was a Scoto-Norman magnate who was one of the most important figures in the 13th century Kingdom of Scotland.
 He was the son of William Comyn, jure uxoris Earl of Buchan, and Marjory, Countess of Buchan, the heiress of the last native Scottish Mormaer of Buchan, Fergus.
 He was the chief counsellor of Alexander III, King of Scots for the entire period of the king's majority and, as Scotland's leading magnate, played a key role in safeguarding the independence of the Scottish monarchy.
 During his long career, Alexander Comyn was Justiciar of Scotia (1258–89), Constable of Scotland (1275–89), Sheriff of Wigtown (1263–66), Sheriff of Dingwall (1264–66), Ballie of Inverie (in Knoydart) and finally, Guardian of Scotland (1286–89) during the first interregnum following the death of Alexander III.
 In 1284 he joined with other Scottish noblemen who acknowledged Margaret of Norway as the heiress to King Alexander.
 He died sometime after 10 July 1289.
Gamelin (died 1271) was a 13th-century Bishop of St Andrews.
 He had previously been the chancellor to King Alexander III of Scotland, as well as Papal chaplain.
 He was postulated to the see in Lent, 1255, and confirmed by Pope Alexander IV on 1 July 1255, who also agreed to overlook his apparent "defect of birth".
 Gamelin was a Comyn supporter, and was banished from the kingdom sometime in 1256, a year after the Comyns' rival Alan Durward had seized power.
 After the Durwards were overthrown, he was able to return, and was certainly back in Scotland by 1270.
 He died the following year at "Inchmurdauch" ("Innse Muiredaich").
With the death of King Alexander III in 1286, the crown of Scotland passed to his only surviving descendant, his three-year-old granddaughter Margaret.
 In 1290, the Guardians of Scotland, who had been appointed to govern the realm during the young Queen's minority, drew up the Treaty of Birgham, a marriage contract between Margaret and the five-year-old Edward of Caernarvon, heir apparent to the English throne.
 The treaty, amongst other points, contained the provision that although the issue of this marriage would inherit the crowns of both England and Scotland, the latter kingdom should be "separate, apart and free in itself without subjection to the English Kingdom".
 The intent, clearly, was to keep Scotland as an independent entity.
William Fraser (died 1297) was a late 13th century Bishop of St Andrews and Guardian of the Kingdom of Scotland.
 Before election to the bishopric, he had been and Royal Chancellor of King Alexander III of Scotland and dean of Glasgow.
 He was elected to the bishopric on 4 August 1279, and confirmed in the position the following year by Pope Nicholas III
False Margaret (or Margareth or Margareta) (c. 1260 – 1301) was a Norwegian woman who impersonated Margaret, Maid of Norway.
Ruadhri is an obscure 13th-century noble, who claimed the Isle of Bute through hereditary descent.
 Outlawed by King Alexander III of Scotland, because of attacks against Scottish lands, which he had undertaken as a result of him being denied his declared patrimony to the Isle of Bute through his hereditary right.
 When King Hakon IV of Norway began his 1263 expedition against Scotland, Ruadhri presented himself to Hakon and swore fealty to the King of Norway.
 He was allowed to participate in the attack on Bute, as part of the campaign, with Rothesay Castle surrendering.
 He took revenge on the garrison killing nine upon their retreat.
 He was granted the Isle of Bute by King Hakon, however he disappears from contemporary records shortly afterwards.
Margaret, Maid of Norway (9 April 1283 – 26 September 1290) was a Norwegian princess who was recognised as Queen of Scots following the death of her grandfather, King Alexander III, in March 1286.
 Her death in Orkney while travelling to Scotland sparked off the disputed succession which led to the Wars of Scottish Independence.
The wars of Alexander the Great were fought by King Alexander III of Macedon ("The Great"), first against the Achaemenid Persian Empire under Darius III, and then against local chieftains and warlords as far east as Punjab, India.
 Alexander the Great was one of the most successful military commanders of all time.
 He was undefeated in battle.
 By the time of his death, he had conquered most of the world known to the ancient Greeks.
 Although being successful as a military commander, he failed to provide any stable alternative to the Achaemenid Empire—his untimely death threw the vast territories he conquered into civil war.
John de Lindsay (Lindesay) or simply John Lindsay was a 14th-century bishop of Glasgow.
 He was from the Lindsay family, a family of Anglo-Norman origin who had settled in Scotland, and in the 14th century were noted for their crusading exploits, a feature which earned them the patronage of the Scottish kings (esp.
 David II and Robert III) and who by the end of the century were elevated to comital status with the creation of the Earldom of Crawford.
 The Lindsay arms are depicted in Bishop John de Lindesay's seal.
 So also are the de Coucy arms, probably suggesting he had some sort of connection with this great French noble family.
 John himself was the son of Sir Philip de Lyndesay of the barony of Staplegorton, probably the son or grandson of the 13th century Chamberlain of King Alexander III who also bore this name.
John de Cheam [Cheyam] was a 13th-century English cleric who became Bishop of Glasgow.
 Before attaining Glasgow, he had previously been the archdeacon of Bath and a papal chaplain.
 In the summer of 1259, after the quashing of the election of Nicholas de Moffat, Pope Adrian IV provided John to the see, and he was consecrated soon after at the Roman court without any consultation with the Glasgow canons.
 His election was opposed by King Alexander III of Scotland, who sent a protest to Pope Alexander IV.
 The pope refused to revoke the decision, but promised to make John render fealty to the king.
 Bishop John arrived in Scotland in the year 1260.
 When the mother of the king, Marie de Coucy, fled from her second husband John de Brienne (a.k.a. Jean d'Acre), the Grand Butler of the King of France and the son of John de Brienne, King of Jerusalem, Bishop John was used by King Alexander to reconcile them.
 Bishop John was one of the witnesses to the Treaty of Perth on 2 July 1266.
 However, his good relations with the king did not make up for the resentment felt by the Glasgow canons at an outside appointee, and John eventually resigned his see in 1267, and went to France.
 He died at Meaux the following year, and was buried there.

Question: What was the nationality of the woman who impersonated granddaughter of King Alexander III?
Answer: Norwegian