The Triumph Spitfire is a small English two-seat sports car, introduced at the London Motor Show in 1962.
 The vehicle was based on a design produced for Standard-Triumph in 1957 by Italian designer Giovanni Michelotti.
 The platform for the car was largely based upon the chassis, engine, and running gear of the Triumph Herald saloon, but shortened and minus the Herald's outrigger sections, and was manufactured at the Standard-Triumph works at Canley, in Coventry.
 Unusually for cars of this era, the bodywork was fitted onto a separate structural chassis, but for the Spitfire, which was designed as an open top or convertible sports car from the outset, the backbone chassis was reinforced for additional rigidity by the use of structural components within the bodywork (the rear trailing arms bolted to the body rather than the chassis).
 The Spitfire was provided with a manual soft-top for weather protection, the design improving to a folding hood for later models.
 Factory-manufactured hard-tops were also available.
Mechanochemistry or mechanical chemistry is the coupling of mechanical and chemical phenomena on a molecular scale and includes mechanical breakage, chemical behaviour of mechanically stressed solids (e.g., stress-corrosion cracking or enhanced oxidation), tribology, polymer degradation under shear, cavitation-related phenomena (e.g., sonochemistry and sonoluminescence), shock wave chemistry and physics, and even the burgeoning field of molecular machines. Mechanochemistry can be seen as an interface between chemistry and mechanical engineering.
 It is possible to synthesize chemical products by using only mechanical action.
 The mechanisms of mechanochemical transformations are often complex and different from usual thermal or photochemical mechanisms.
 The method of ball milling is a widely used process in which mechanical force is used to achieve chemical processing and transformations.
 The special issue of Chemical Society Review (vol.
 42, 2013) is dedicated to the theme of mechanochemistry.
 Fundamentals and applications ranging from nano materials to technology have been reviewed.
A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below.
 In other words, a column is a compression member.
 The term column applies especially to a large round support (the "shaft" of the column) with a capital and a "base" or pedestal and made of stone, or appearing to be so.
 A small wooden or metal support is typically called a post, and supports with a rectangular or other non-round section are usually called piers.
 For the purpose of wind or earthquake engineering, columns may be designed to resist lateral forces.
 Other compression members are often termed "columns" because of the similar stress conditions.
 Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest.
 In architecture, "column" refers to such a structural element that also has certain proportional and decorative features.
 A column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many columns are "engaged", that is to say form part of a wall.
The Detroit Diesel Series 51 was a two-stroke diesel engine built by General Motors, Detroit Diesel Division from 1951 to 1959.
 Unlike other GM/Detroit Diesel engines, the 51 series designation did not refer to the cylinder displacement, but rather to the year it was introduced.
 Two versions were produced, an inline two-cylinder (2-51, 108 cid ) and an inline four-cylinder model (4-51, 216 cid ).
 This was accomplished by using loop scavenging ports for both intake and exhaust along with a mechanical blower.
 This engine used a dry sleeve with 9 intake ports and three exhaust ports in that sleeve.
 These sleeves were located in such a way that the exhaust ports lined up with exhaust ports in the block that were physically higher than the intake ports in the block.
 This resulted in pressurized cool air being forced through the intake ports just after the exhaust started exiting (note that the exhaust ports in the sleeves were higher at the top than the intake ports while the bottom of all ports in the sleeve are at the same height.
 The net compression ratio is 18:1.
 Unlike a two cycle gasoline engine, the crankcase was not used to draw in the fuel/air mixture.
 Instead, the blower forced air in the intake ports and fuel was injected by a camshaft actuated injector which was pressurized by a gear pump.
 As fuel is injected just before top dead center, little unburned fuel is expelled in the exhaust, unlike a two-cycle gasoline engine.
 The elimination of exhaust valves reduced the complexity and weight of the engine.
 The power output and RPM of this engine was controlled by governing the intake air and controlling the opening of the injectors with shutdown accomplished by completely closing off the air intake.
 The much lower weight of this engine compared to engines with valves made it quite suitable for applications where other engines of the same horsepower were not feasible.
 Its uses include: Marine propulsion, generators, pumps, air compressors, road graders and other industrial uses.
 It was never factory installed for automotive purposes but conversion kits and engines were made available for automotive use.
 This engine design did not see widespread use due to not being able to reduce the exhaust noise to an acceptable level, as any exhaust restriction would have resulted in a reduction of power and efficiency.
 It was a very fuel efficient engine with a high power output to fuel consumption ratio.
Floating Power was a technology developed in the 1920s by the United States automobile firm of Chrysler, credited mostly to the engineering of Owen Ray Skelton.
 It was a new means of attaching an engine to its chassis, with the intention of reducing vibration.
 Four-cylinder engines of the day started and rode rather roughly, transmitting the torque to the whole chassis.
 By attaching the engine at only two points ("fore-and-aft"), on two points defining an axis that passes through the engine's center of mass, the engine would be able to rotate slightly about this axis and reduce the transmission of torsional vibration to the chassis.
 One mounting attachment was at the upper front of the engine, directly below the water pump.
 The rear mount was under the transmission case.
 A transverse spring went from the bottom of the engine to a snubber bracket on the frame rail to limit the rotational travel of the engine.
 The bracket was lined with rubber.
A stressed member engine is a vehicle engine used as an active structural element of the chassis to transmit forces and torques, rather than being passively contained by the chassis with anti-vibration mounts. Automotive engineers use the method for weight reduction and mass centralization in vehicles. Applications are found in several vehicles where mass reduction is critical for performance reasons, usually after several iterations of conventional frame/chassis designs have been employed.
Automobile Engineering is a branch study of engineering which teaches manufacturing, designing, mechanical mechanisms as well operations of automobiles.
CVCC is a trademark by the Honda Motor Company for an engine with reduced automotive emissions, which stood for "Compound Vortex Controlled Combustion".
 The first mention of Honda developed CVCC technology was done by Mr. Soichiro Honda February 12, 1971, at the Federation of Economic Organizations Hall in Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo.
 Honda's engineers at the time, Mr. Date conferred with Mr. Yagi and Mr. Nakagawa about the possibility of creating lean combustion via a prechamber, which some diesel engines utilized.
 The first engine to be installed with the CVCC approach for testing was the single-cylinder, 300 cc Honda EA engine used in the Honda N600 hatchback in January 1970.
 This technology allowed Honda's cars to meet Japanese and United States emission standards in the 1970s without a catalytic converter.
 A type of stratified charge engine, it first appeared on the 1975 "ED1" engine.
 As emission laws advanced and required more stringent admissible levels, Honda abandoned the CVCC method and introduced PGM-FI, or Programmed Fuel Injection on all Honda vehicles.
 Some vehicles in Japan had a combination of electronically controlled carburetors, called PGM-Carb on specific, transitional Honda D, E and ZC engines.
Femap ("Finite Element Modeling And Postprocessing") is an engineering analysis program sold by Siemens PLM Software that is used to build finite element models of complex engineering problems ("pre-processing") and view solution results ("post-processing").
 It runs on Microsoft Windows and provides CAD import, modeling and meshing tools to create a finite element model, as well as postprocessing functionality that allows mechanical engineers to interpret analysis results.
 The finite element method allows engineers to virtually model components, assemblies, or systems to determine behavior under a given set of boundary conditions, and is typically used in the design process to reduce costly prototyping and testing, evaluate differing designs and materials, and for structural optimization to reduce weight.
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media.
 It is the official journal of the International Society of Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization.
 It covers all aspects of designing optimal structures in stressed systems as well as multidisciplinary optimization techniques when one of the disciplines deals with structures (stressed solids) or fluids.
 The journal's scope ranges from the mathematical foundations of the field to algorithm and software development with benchmark studies to practical applications and case studies in structural, aero-space, mechanical, civil, chemical, and naval engineering.
 Closely related fields such as computer-aided design and manufacturing, reliability analysis, artificial intelligence, system identification and modeling, inverse processes, computer simulation, and active control of structures are covered when the topic is relevant to optimization.
 The current editor-in-chief since 2015 is Raphael T. Haftka (University of Florida) since the passage of the founding editor George I. N. Rozvany (Budapest University of Technology and Economics).

Question: A stressed member engine, is a vehicle engine used as an active structural element of the chassis to transmit forces and torques, rather than being passively contained by the chassis with anti-vibration mounts, Automotive engineers use the method for what particular purpose in vehicles, Automobile Engineering is a branch study of engineering which teaches manufacturing, designing, mechanical mechanisms as well operations of automobiles?
Answer: weight reduction and mass centralization