John Davies Cale, OBE (born 9 March 1942) is a musician, composer, singer-songwriter and record producer, born in Wales, who was a founding member of the experimental rock band the Velvet Underground.
 Over his five-decade career, Cale has worked in various styles across rock, drone, classical, avant-garde, and electronic music.
 He studied music at Goldsmiths College, University of London, before relocating to New York City's downtown music scene in the mid-1960s, where he performed as part of the Theatre of Eternal Music and formed the Velvet Underground.
 Since leaving the band in 1968, he has released approximately 30 albums.
 Of his solo work, Cale is perhaps best known for his album "Paris 1919", and his cover version of Leonard Cohen's "Hallelujah", plus his mid-1970s Island Records trilogy of albums: "Fear", "Slow Dazzle" and "Helen of Troy".
Senegalese hip hop began to emerge in the early 1980s.
 When hip hop first hit the scene in Africa, it went from merely being a fad, to a more social and political movement.
 Amongst the most influential leaders of this movement were artists from the country of Senegal.
 With the modernization of the country, and the rise in media, the youth of Senegal were able to embrace a new form of expression.
 One of the main reasons why hip hop has become preeminent in Senegal is due to its mixture of sound and culture.
 "Senegal's hip hop scene is distinctive and its artist extremely talented.
 The country has a history of strong musical traditions..." Moreover, hip hop has not only become an aspect of life for the Senegalese people, but more importantly has translated to a way of life, gathering influence from the musical expression prior to its rise in Senegal, and understanding their past as it pertains heavily to its socially present state within music.
Electrodomésticos (Spanish for "Appliances") are a Chilean band of experimental rock and electronic rock, formed in Santiago de Chile in 1984.
 The band was one of the most critically acclaimed avant-garde acts of the underground scene of Pinochet´s Chile during the 1980s.
 They were active from 1984 to 1991, when they produced two remarkable albums, "Viva Chile" and "Carrera de éxitos".
 They reunited in 2002 and created a new album called "La Nueva Canción Chilena".
 They dissolved again in 2005, and reunited again in 2011, when a documentary about them was made by Sergio Castro, called "Electrodomésticos: El frío misterio".
 Carlos Cabezas was the founding member and leader of the emblematic band.
This is a list of avant-garde metal artists, regional scenes, and record labels.
 Avant-garde metal or avant-metal, also known as experimental metal, is a subgenre of heavy metal music loosely defined by use of experimentation and characterized by the use of innovative, avant-garde elements, large-scale experimentation, and the use of non-standard and unconventional sounds, instruments, song structures, playing styles, and vocal techniques.
 It evolved out of progressive rock and various forms of metal, including extreme metal, particularly the extreme subgenre death metal.
 Some early examples are the King Crimson releases "Larks' Tongues in Aspic" and "Red" in 1973 and 1974 respectively, and the 1976 Led Zeppelin album "Presence".
 The genre emerged in the early 1980s through the efforts of bands such as Celtic Frost and Voivod, who pioneered the genre.
 Other pioneers of avant-garde metal include Boris, Earth, Helmet, maudlin of the Well, Neurosis, Sunn O))), and Mr. Bungle.
 In the late 1990s, Misanthropy Records emerged as a promoter of Norwegian avant-garde metal until it folded in 2000, and, according to Jeff Wagner, in the late 1990s and early 2000s, a so-called "new wave of avant-garde metal" was spearheaded by The End Records.
 Some other record labels which promote avant-garde metal are Aurora Borealis, The Flenser, Holy Records, Hydra Head Records, Ipecac Recordings, Napalm Records, the Relapse Entertainment imprint of Relapse Records, Seventh Rule Recordings, and Southern Lord Records.
 In the United States, local avant-garde metal scenes have emerged in the San Francisco Bay Area, with bands such as Giant Squid, Grayceon, and Ludicra, Boston, with bands such as Isis, Kayo Dot, and maudlin of the Well and Seattle.
 According to the "New York Times", some regional scenes that developed in the mid-1990s included the cities of Tokyo, Los Angeles, and Oslo.
"Beat Bop" is a hip hop single by American rappers Rammellzee and K-Rob, originally released in 1983 by record label Tartown.
 Initially distributed merely as a test pressing, it is notable for being featured in the hip-hop documentary film "Style Wars" and having a cover designed by famed New York graffiti artist Jean-Michel Basquiat.
 The result of a disagreement between Rammellzee and Basquiat, the track has been cited as having an influence on artists such as Beastie Boys and many experimental hip hop artists due to its chaotic, abstract sound.
 Due to the rarity of its original pressing, it has been called the Holy Grail of rap records.
The World's Famous Supreme Team was an American hip hop radio show crew and recording group from the early 1980s.
 Members included See Divine the Mastermind and Just Allah the Superstar (now known as JazzyJust the Superstar), among others.
 Their pioneering radio show started in 1979 on WHBI-FM 105.9 broadcasting from Newark, New Jersey, and featured Mr. Magic before he went on to host the first rap show on a major radio station, "The Rap Attack" on WBLS.
 The group rose to international prominence when punk impresario Malcolm McLaren recruited See Devine and Just Allah and samples of their radio show for his surprise hip hop hit, 1982's "Buffalo Gals", and the full album follow-up, "Duck Rock" (1983).
 They are credited as the first hip hop group to incorporate Five Percent teachings and slang into their music, and their appearances on "Duck Rock" contains the first instances on record - a trait that would become increasingly predominant in the late '80s and '90s.
 The World Famous Supreme Team released their own hit single "Hey DJ" in 1984, which would appear on their only album, "Rappin’" (1986).
 The group reunited with McLaren for the 1990 album, "Round the Outside!
 Round the Outside!"
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April Palmieri was a musician who performed with a 12-piece all-girl percussion band, Pulsallama.
 During the early 1980s, the band played at such venues as the Mudd Club, the Pyramid, Danceteria, and Club 57 in New York's East Village.
 Palmieri was also a close personal friend of the well-known performer and downtown scene figure, John Sex.
DJ Charlie Chase, born Carlos Mandes, is a Puerto Rican DJ who played a key role in establishing Latinos as a contributing force in the The Bronx's early hip hop culture.
 Hitting the hip hop scene in 1975, Charlie Chase was a founding member of the Cold Crush Brothers along with Dj Tony Tone and members Grandmaster Caz, JDL, EZ AD and Almighty Kay Gee.
 Charlie Chase and Tony were also responsible in forming the first ever MC convention in hip hop history in 1980.
Michael Holman is an artist, writer, avant-garde musician, hip hop impresario and filmmaker as well as Early 1980s, Downtown Scene "subculturalist" best known as the screenwriter of the film, "Basquiat," directed by Julian Schnabel and released by Miramax Films, host of the short-lived hip hop music program "Graffiti Rock" and a founding member, along with Jean-Michel Basquiat, of the experimental rock band Gray.
Jean-Michel Basquiat (] ; December 22, 1960 – August 12, 1988) was an American artist.
 Basquiat first achieved fame as part of SAMO©, an informal graffiti duo who wrote enigmatic epigrams in the cultural hotbed of the Lower East Side of Manhattan during the late 1970s where the hip hop, post-punk, and street art movements had coalesced.
 By the 1980s, he was exhibiting his neo-expressionist paintings in galleries and museums internationally.
 The Whitney Museum of American Art held a retrospective of his art in 1992.

Question: Michael Holman is an artist, writer, avant-garde musician, hip hop impresario and filmmaker as well as Early 1980s, Downtown Scene "subculturalist" best known as the screenwriter of the film, "Basquiat", and a founding member, of the experimental rock band Gray, along with which American artist, that died on August 12, 1988?
Answer: Jean-Michel Basquiat