All Souls is an American paranormal hospital drama, created by Stuart Gillard and Stephen Tolkin, which originally aired for one season on United Paramount Network (UPN) from April 17, 2001 to August 31, 2001.
 Based on the Lars von Trier miniseries "The Kingdom", the series revolves around the medical staff of a haunted teaching hospital.
 The show's main story arc includes fictional characters and events from the American Civil War.
 While working as a medical intern in the facility, the lead character Dr. Mitchell Grace (Grayson McCouch) encounters various spirits and discovers that the doctors are running unethical experiments on their patients.
 The executive producers included Aaron Spelling, E. Duke Vincent, and Mark Frost.
 Media outlets found the partnership between Spelling and Frost to be surprising given their differing styles and approaches to television.
The Legacy (Danish: "Arvingerne" , literally "the heirs") is a Danish television drama created by Maya Ilsøe and produced by DR.
 Series 1 was first broadcast on the Danish national television channel DR1 on 1 January 2014, and was sold to a number of other countries worldwide even before it had aired in Denmark.
 The series is a modern family portrait which tells the story of four siblings trying to cope with their mother's death which has turned all of their lives upside down.
 After the success of the 10-episode first series, a second season of seven more episodes started broadcast on Danish television on 1 January 2015.
The Haunted is an American paranormal television series that premiered on November 22, 2009 on Animal Planet.
 Produced by Picture Shack Entertainment, the program features ghost stories and paranormal investigations involving animals.
 It also incorporates actual footage and photographs from the families and paranormal research teams involved.
By Way of the Stars is a Canadian adventure television mini-series co-produced in 1992 by Sullivan Entertainment and German Beta-Taurus Kirch Group, that begins in 19th century Prussia, then travels through post-U.S. Civil War Charleston to the ‘Canadas’ and the West.
 It is a young boy’s version of "Dances with Wolves".
 The six-hour mini-series is based on a popular German children’s novel called "The Long Journey of Lukas B." The movie was produced in association with ZDF, at the time, Germany’s largest Broadcaster, CBC and Disney Channel.
 This mini-series was filmed entirely in Uxbridge, Ontario.
 The production was nominated for 2 Gemini awards.
 The mini-series was released on DVD as a cut down 2-hour versions in 2005.
 In 2012 the full 6 hour version was released on DVD.
Paranormal State: The New Class is an American paranormal docudrama television series that premiered on the A&E Network on November 21, 2010.
 The show follows six members of Hoosier State Paranormal, a college student-led group consisting of Christopher Lien, Daniel Hendry, and John E.L. Tenney.
 Four of the members are family-related while Tenney provides instruction as the team's mentor.
 The show features investigations of alleged paranormal phenomena at various locations across the United States.
 The program is a spin-off of the A&E Network television show "Paranormal State".
Paranormal State is an American paranormal reality television series that premiered on the A&E Network on December 10, 2007.
 The program follows and stars the Pennsylvania State University Paranormal Research Society, a student-led college club.
 The show features the group's investigations of alleged paranormal phenomena at reportedly haunted locations.
The Othersiders was an American paranormal reality television series that premiered on June 17, 2009 on Cartoon Network.
 The program follows a group of five teenagers who are interested in the paranormal and explore reportedly haunted sites to discover any paranormal activity.
 Aimed for a teen audience, it had a similar concept as "Ghost Hunters".
 On June 2009, the series was a part of Cartoon Network's CN Real programming block.
 The second season of "The Othersiders" premiered on October 7, 2009.
Paranormal Cops is an American paranormal reality television series that premiered on January 19, 2010, on A&E.
 The program was produced by NorthSouth Productions for A&E.
 It followed the "Chicago Paranormal Detectives" as they "fought crime by day and hunted for paranormal happenings by night."
The Atlantic Paranormal Society (TAPS) is an organization that investigates reported paranormal activity.
 Based in Warwick, Rhode Island, TAPS was founded in 1990 by Jason Hawes and Grant Wilson.
 In 2004, the organization itself became the subject of "Ghost Hunters", a popular weekly American paranormal reality television series on the Syfy channel.
 The show is currently airing its tenth season on Syfy in the US.
 The show aired in the UK nine months after the US premier on "Living It".
The Kingdom (Danish title: Riget) is an eight-episode Danish television mini-series, created by Lars von Trier in 1994, and co-directed by Lars von Trier and Morten Arnfred.
 It has been edited together into a five-hour film for distribution in the United Kingdom and United States.

Question: Who co-directed the eight-episode Danish television mini-series that the American paranormal hospital drama, All Souls, was based on?
Answer: Lars von Trier and Morten Arnfred