Harry Eugene Stanley (born March 28, 1941) is an American physicist and University Professor at Boston University.
 He has made seminal contributions to statistical physics and is one of the pioneers of interdisciplinary science.
 His current research focuses on understanding the anomalous behavior of liquid water, but he had made fundamental contributions to complex systems, such as quantifying correlations among the constituents of the Alzheimer brain, and quantifying fluctuations in noncoding and coding DNA sequences, interbeat intervals of the healthy and diseased heart.
 He is one of the founding fathers of econophysics.
Albert Lester Lehninger (February 17, 1917 – March 4, 1986) was an American biochemist in the field of bioenergetics.
 He made fundamental contributions to the current understanding of metabolism at a molecular level.
 In 1948, he discovered, with Eugene P. Kennedy, that mitochondria are the site of oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotes, which ushered in the modern study of energy transduction.
 He is the author of a number of classic texts, including: "Biochemistry, The Mitochondrion, Bioenergetics " and, most notably, his series "Principles of Biochemistry".
 The latter is a widely used text for introductory biochemistry courses at the college and university levels.
Gautam Biswas (Bengali: গৌতম বিশ্বাস ; born 23 May 1956) is a distinguished professor and the director of Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati.
 As a faculty member of the IIT Kanpur, he served the Institute in various capacities including the Dean of Academic Affairs.
 Prof Gautam Biswas is a Fellow of the three science academies, such as, the Indian National Science Academy (INSA, New Delhi), the Indian Academy of Sciences (IAS, Bangalore) and the National Academy of Sciences India (NASI, Allahabad).
 He is a Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering (INAE) and Institution of Engineers (IEI).
 He was the occupant of the position of GD and VM Mehta Endowed Chair Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur.
 A Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Prof Biswas is the author of more than 150 scientific publications and guided 17 PhD theses.
 In the year 2011, he was awarded the esteemed J C Bose National Fellowship by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India.
 Biswas completed his Baccalaureate from University of Calcutta (IIEST, Shibpur) in 1979.
 He completed his PhD from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur in 1985.
 He was an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow at the Ruhr University Bochum in Germany and JSPS Invitation Fellow at the Yokohama National University, Japan.
 He has been a Guest Professor at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
 Gautam Biswas has made original contributions of long lasting value in the areas of heat transfer and fluid mechanics.
 His work on enhancement of heat transfer using delta-winglet type vortex generators is a major contribution which is included in the advanced international text books.
 The innovative concept has been used by the Industry for various HAVC systems.
 Furthermore, he has contributed significantly in understanding the bluff body flows.
 His work on large-eddy simulation of flow past bluff bodies and heat transfer in impinging jets have been deeply admired by the scientific community.
 Contributions of Prof. Biswas pertaining to handling free surface flows and some of his investigations related to prediction of bubble growth in film boiling are considered to be path breaking.
 Prof. Biswas and co-researchers analyzed impact of falling drops on a liquid surface and made fundamental contributions to the body of knowledge related to partial coalescence and the transition between coalescence and splashing.
 Experimental evidence of large bubble entrapment occurring outside the traditional small region on the V-D map, made the boundary of large bubble entrapment a topic of greater importance.
 A seminal contribution of his group probes the zone of large bubble entrapment and underlying physics.
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 He has made significant impact through his publications on formation of air bubbles from a submerged orifice.
Brian Tinsley is a physicist who for more than 50 years has been actively researching Aeronomy.
 He has been a Professor of Physics at the University of Texas at Dallas since 1976 and has served many national and international scientific organizations.
 He obtained his PhD from the University of Canterbury in New Zealand in November, 1963, for research on optical emissions from the upper atmosphere (airglow and aurorae).
 With his wife, Beatrice Tinsley, he came to Dallas to work at the newly formed Southwest Center for Advanced Studies, which became the University of Texas at Dallas in 1969.
 Beatrice obtained a Ph.D. in astrophysics at the University of Texas at Austin, and became a prominent astrophysicist before she died in 1981, resulting in the University of Texas at Austin creating the endowed professorship that bears her name.
Hiroo Kanamori (金森 博雄 , Kanamori Hiroo , born October 17, 1936) is a Japanese seismologist who has made fundamental contributions to understanding the physics of earthquakes and the tectonic processes that cause them.
Lianxing Wen () (born April 1968, Shanghang, Fujian) is a Chinese seismologist, geodynamicist and planetary scientist, who has made fundamental contributions to many discoveries in the Earth's interior.
 His ability to formulate new theoretical methods and apply to new seismological observations have led to some of the most fundamental and exciting discoveries in seismology in recent years.
 His work has fundamentally changed our understanding of the structure and dynamical processes of the Earth's mantle, outer core and inner core, and the boundaries between them.
 He is Professor of Geophysics at the Department of Geosciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook.
Gregory Evgenievich (Ezekielevich) Pikus (May 7, 1923 – April 12, 1998) was a prominent Soviet theoretical physicist whose contributions strongly influenced developing physics of semiconductors. Among his most fundamental contributions are development of the method of invariants in band theory of solids, the Bir-Aronov-Pikus mechanism of spin relaxation of electrons, prediction of the circular photogalvanic effect, and theory of weak localization in noncentrosymmetric structures.
 His three monographs reflect the focus points of the theory of semiconductors during the second half of 20th century from transistors to band theory to properties to artificial nanostructures.
Beatrice Muriel Hill Tinsley (27 January 1941 – 23 March 1981) was a British-born New Zealand astronomer and cosmologist whose research made fundamental contributions to the astronomical understanding of how galaxies evolve, grow and die.
John Wilder Miles (December 1, 1920 – October 20, 2008) was a research professor emeritus of applied mechanics and geophysics at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.
 He was well regarded for his pioneering work in theoretical fluid mechanics, and made fundamental contributions to understanding how wind energy transfers to waves.
Joaquin M. Fuster (born 1930) is a Spanish neuroscientist whose research has made fundamental contributions to the understanding of the neural structures underlying cognition and behavior.
 His several books and hundreds of papers, particularly on memory and the prefrontal cortex, are widely cited.

Question: Brian Tinsley is a physicist whose wife made fundamental contributions to the astronomical understanding of how galaxies what?
Answer: evolve, grow and die