Essential Air Service (EAS) is a U.S. government program enacted to guarantee that small communities in the United States, which, prior to deregulation, were served by certificated airlines, maintained commercial service.
 Its aim is to maintain a minimal level of scheduled air service to these communities that otherwise would not be profitable.
 This came in response to the Airline Deregulation Act, passed in 1978, which gave U.S. airlines almost total freedom to determine which markets to serve domestically and what fares to charge for that service.
 The program is codified at .
The Airline Deregulation Act is a 1978 United States federal law that deregulated the airline industry in the United States, removing U.S. Federal Government control over such areas as fares, routes and market entry of new airlines, introducing a free market in the commercial airline industry and leading to a great increase in the number of flights, a decrease in fares, and an increase in the number of passengers and miles flown.
 The Civil Aeronautics Board's powers of regulation were phased out, but the Act did not diminish the regulatory powers of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) over all aspects of aviation safety.
Braniff Airways, Inc., doing business as Braniff International Airways, from 1948 until 1965, and then Braniff International from 1965 until 1983, was an American airline that operated from 1928 until 1982.
 Its routes were primarily in the midwestern and southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America, and South America.
 In the late 1970s it expanded to Asia and Europe.
 The airline ceased operations in May 1982 because high fuel prices and the Airline Deregulation Act of December 1978 rendered it uncompetitive.
 Two later airlines used the Braniff name: the Hyatt Hotels-backed Braniff, Inc. in 1984–89, and Braniff International Airlines, Inc. in 1991–92.
 In early 2015, a series of new Braniff companies were incorporated in the State of Oklahoma, for historical purposes and for administration of the Braniff trademarks, copyrights and other intellectual property.
 These companies included Braniff Air Lines, Inc., Paul R. Braniff, Inc., Braniff Airways, Inc. and Braniff International Corporation.
Midway Airlines was a United States airline founded on August 6, 1976, by investor Kenneth t. Carlson and joined by Irving T. Tague and William B. Owens in an October 13, 1976, filing with the Civil Aeronautics Board (CA) for an airline operating certificate.
 Although it received its operating certificate from the CAB prior to the passage of the Airline Deregulation Act in 1978, it is widely recognized as the first post-deregulation start-up.
 The airline commenced operations on October 31, 1979.
Airline deregulation is the process of removing government-imposed entry and price restrictions on airlines affecting, in particular, the carriers permitted to serve specific routes.
 In the United States, the term usually applies to the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978.
 A new form of regulation has been developed to some extent to deal with problems such as the allocation of the limited number of slots available at airports.
A legacy carrier, in the United States, is an airline that had established interstate routes before the beginning of the route liberalization which was permitted by the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, and was thus directly affected by that act.
 It is distinct from a low-cost carrier, which in the United States are generally new airlines that were started to compete in the newly deregulated industry.
Air Niagara was an airline based in the New York side of the Niagara Falls.
 It was one of the many airlines that started flying after the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 in the United States.
Capitol Air was a charter airline in the United States which was operational from 1946 to 1984.
 It was founded as Capitol Airways in 1946, and then renamed Capitol International Airways in 1967.
 In 1980, the airline changed its name to Capitol Air.
 It was founded by former Army Air Corps pilots, Jesse Stallings, Richmond McGinnis, and Francis Roach, following the end of World War II.
 The European Director of Operations was Chuck Carr, the Director France Michel Lelièvre and the LBG Airport Manager, P. Landelle.
 Gatwick Ops was the European Office.
 In the late 1970s, Capitol Air became a scheduled air carrier following the passage of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978.
 The airline was incorporated in Delaware but headquartered in Smyrna, Tennessee.
London-Corbin Airport (IATA: LOZ, ICAO: KLOZ, FAA LID: LOZ) , also known as Magee Field, is a general aviation airport located in Laurel County, Kentucky, three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of London and about 12 miles north of Corbin.
 The airport is operated by both cities.
 It is not currently served by scheduled airline service, though service was once available on US Airways Express dba Air Kentucky and Tennessee Airways.
 Prior to the passage of the Airline Deregulation Act, the airport was served by Piedmont Airlines (1948-1989) turboprops, including the Fairchild Hiller FH-227 and the NAMC YS-11.
Air California, later renamed AirCal, was founded by William E. Myers and Bill Perrera and began as an intrastate airline operating solely within California.
 Following the federal Airline Deregulation Act in 1978, it expanded to several destinations in neighboring states, and in the 1980s was flying to Chicago (ORD), Seattle (SEA), Anchorage (ANC), and Vancouver, B.C. (YVR) in addition to its California routes as well as service to other destinations in the western U.S.
 It was founded by a partnership of Orange County businessmen and its initial route when scheduled passenger operations were commenced on January 16, 1967, was nonstop between Orange County Airport (SNA) and San Francisco International Airport (SFO), a previously unserved route, using two Lockheed L-188 Electra turboprops with five daily round trip flights.
 Air California was headquartered in Newport Beach, California.
 The airline's "home" airport was Orange County Airport, now known as John Wayne Airport.
 The airline was renamed AirCal in 1981 and was merged into American Airlines in 1987.

Question: Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 removed who's control over areas as fares, routes and market entry of new airlines?
Answer: U.S. Federal Government