The Colored Conventions Movement, or Negro Convention Movement, was a series of national, regional, and state conventions held irregularly during the decades preceding and following the American Civil War.
 The delegates who attended these conventions consisted of both free and fugitive African American community and religious leaders, businessmen, politicians, writers, publishers, and abolitionists.
 The minutes from these conventions show that Antebellum African-Americans sought justice beyond the emancipation of their enslaved countrymen: they also organized to discuss issues concerning labor, healthcare, temperance and educational equality.
 Although the conventions largely subsided following the Civil War, the Colored Conventions of antebellum America are seen as the precursors to larger African American organizations, including the Colored National Labor Union and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
Daniel J. Gallagher (August 31, 1873 – March 23, 1953) was an American attorney and political figure who served as a delegate to the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1917-1918, the United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts from 1920 to 1921, and a delegate to 1932 Democratic National Convention from Massachusetts.
The Colored National Convention of 1855 was held at Franklin Hall in Philadelphia on October 16, 17, and 18.
 It consisted of delegates from Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Canada.
 The delegates ranged from famous African Americans like Frederick Douglass and Mary Ann Shadd to unknowns like Rachel Cliff.
 There were a handful of female delegates in attendance, although their numbers were incomparable to the number of males.
 Nonetheless, their presence was striking in an age when women’s rights had barely begun to be realized.
 In addition, the female delegates’ husbands were not invited to the convention; such independence makes the women’s presence still more remarkable.
The Convención Nacional Bautista de México (National Baptist Convention of Mexico) is the oldest and largest Baptist group in Mexico.
 The first evangelical church in Mexico was a Baptist church organized on January 30, 1864 in Monterrey, Nuevo León.
 James Hickey, a Baptist and a member of the American Bible Society, constituted this church with himself and four other members - Thomas Westrup, José Maria Uranga, Arcadio Uranga, and Mrs. Hickey.
 By 1869, Westrup and the Uranga brothers had organized six more churches.
 The American Baptist Home Mission Society and the Southern Baptist Convention sent about fifty missionaries to Mexico before the beginning of the 20th century.
 In 1884, the Coahuila Baptist Association was organized in Saltillo, and in 1885 the Nuevo León Baptist Association was organized in Monterrey.
 After the turn of the century, Alejandro Treviño, John Cheavens and James Chastain proposed the idea of organizing a national convention.
 Forty-three church messengers met at the Primera Iglesia Bautista (First Baptist Church) in Mexico City in September 1903.
 From this gathering came a provisional constitution for the National Convention, and the groundwork for missionary, theological and publications ministries.
 This began a transition of the work from leadership by foreign missionaries to leadership by national pastors.
 In 1904, the National Convention selected Alejandro Treviño to represent them at the first Baptist World Congress, from which was formed the Baptist World Alliance.
Florence Terry Griswold (May 28, 1875–July 7, 1941) was an American cattlewoman and rancher from Texas.
 She was the first woman delegate of the Texas Cattle Raisers Association to attend the Trans-Mississippi Convention and for several years, the only woman delegate.
 A staunch supporter of women's equality, she worked as a suffragist, served as a Republican National Convention Delegate for many years and later fought for equal pay for women.
 She is most known as the founder of the Pan-American Round Tables in 1916, which has grown from a single club begun in San Antonio, Texas to an international NGO with over 1400 branches.
James Monroe Gregory (January 23, 1849 – December 17, 1915) was a Professor of Latin and Dean at Howard University.
 During the American Civil War, he worked in Cleveland for the education and aid of escaped slaves.
 He initially attended Oberlin University.
 He transferred to Howard and was the valedictorian of Howard's first graduating class in 1872.
 He then became a member of faculty, where he served until the late 1880s.
 During that time he was active in civil rights, particularly related to the education of African American children.
 He fought to desegregate Washington DC schools in the early 1880s and participated in the Colored Conventions Movement and was a delegate to the 1892 Republican National Convention.
 In 1890 he founded the American Association of Educators of Colored Youth.
 In 1893 he published a biography of Frederick Douglass.
 In 1897 he was removed at Howard and moved to New Jersey where he became principal of Bordentown Industrial and Manual Training School.
The 2012 Republican presidential primaries were the selection processes in which voters of the Republican Party elected state delegations to the Republican National Convention.
 The national convention then selected its nominee to run for President of the United States in the 2012 presidential election.
 There were 2,286 delegates chosen, and a candidate needed to accumulate 1,144 delegate votes at the convention to win the nomination.
 The caucuses allocated delegates to the respective state delegations to the national convention, but the actual election of the delegates were, many times, at a later date.
 Delegates were elected in different ways that vary from state to state.
 They could be elected at local conventions, selected from slates submitted by the candidates, selected at committee meetings, or elected directly at the caucuses and primaries.
The "Boiler Room Girls" were the female members of Senator Robert F. Kennedy's 1968 presidential campaign staff.
 The boiler room contained desks divided by regions of the country, i.e. Northeast (Massachusetts, Connecticut, Vermont, New Hampshire, Maine), etc.
 Each "girl" was assigned a regional desk and was responsible for daily communication in and out of the Washington campaign headquarters to each state director in their region.
 Issues and problems were discussed daily and at the end of the day a decision book was compiled and sent to the candidate (RFK) and the campaign manager (Stephen Smith).
 Decisions were reached on each daily issue and the following morning those decisions came out from the regional desk officer ("boiler room girl") to the state director.
 So if there was an issue with labor, or abortion rights or there weren't enough bumper stickers, etc. those issues were resolved.
 Also as each state primary was held, the desk officers kept track of the delegate count - both for RFK, McCarthy and Humphrey - leading up to the convention.
 Just before the Democratic National Convention the boiler room was to be moved to a temporary office right off the convention floor where the same delegate officers conversed with the same state leaders.
 Thus at any given moment, the boiler room became the heartbeat of the campaign.
Clover Hill is a decaying 18th-century plantation house near Culpeper in Culpeper County, Virginia.
 Clover Hill is best known for serving as the headquarters for Brigadier General George Armstrong Custer during the American Civil War.
 Clover Hill was home to James Barbour (26 February 1828 – 29 October 1895), a prominent American lawyer, planter, delegate from Virginia to the 1860 Democratic National Convention, delegate to the 1861 Virginia secession convention, and a major in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.
Frederick Douglass (born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey;  February 1818  – February 20, 1895) was an African-American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman.
 After escaping from slavery in Maryland, he became a national leader of the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts and New York, gaining note for his dazzling oratory and incisive antislavery writings.
 In his time, he was described by abolitionists as a living counter-example to slaveholders' arguments that slaves lacked the intellectual capacity to function as independent American citizens.
 Northerners at the time found it hard to believe that such a great orator had once been a slave.

Question: Which delegate at the Colored National Convention of 1855 was born in 1818?
Answer: Frederick Douglass