José León Sánchez Alvarado is a Costa Rican novelist born in 1929, best known for his works "Isla de los hombres solos" ("Island of Lonely Men") and "Tenochtitlan".
 He was born in Cucaracho del Río Cuarto, Puntarenas.
 A movie adaptation of his novel, "Isla de los hombres solos" was made and released by a Mexican producer.
Betool Khedairi (born 27 November 1965 in Baghdad, Iraq) is a novelist born to an Iraqi father and Scottish mother.
 She is most known for her debut novel, "A Sky So Close" which has been published in numerous languages such as Arabic, English, Italian, French and Dutch.
 The novel was first published in Lebanon in 1999 and is often used as the subject of literary critique studies in various international universities.
Jan Cox Speas (1925–1971) is a short story writer and novelist born in Raleigh, North Carolina in 1925.
 She studied creative writing with Hiram Haydn at Woman's College (now the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, or UNCG), from which she graduated in 1945.
 From 1954 to 1960 she published Bride of the MacHugh, My Lord Monleigh, and My Love, My Enemy.
 She also published many short stories in magazines, from pulp to slick.
 She returned to UNC-G and secured her master's degree in Fine Arts in 1964, submitting her fourth novel The Growing Season as her thesis.
 Her mentor and advisor was noted poet Randall Jarrell.
 After graduation, she began teaching English and Creative Writing at Guilford College, also in Greensboro.
 Speas was well known for her historical romances during the 1950s and 1960s.
 Following her death from a heart attack in 1971, Avon Publications brought out paperback editions of her romances.
 By 1978 there were more than a million copies of her books in print.
 The author was married to John Speas; they lived in Greensboro and had two children, Cynthia and Gregory.
William Heffernan (born August 22, 1940) is an American novelist born in New Haven, Connecticut.
 Before becoming a novelist, Heffernan was an investigative reporter for the "New York Daily News".
 For that work he was thrice nominated for a Pulitzer Prize.
 Heffernan left journalism in 1978 after receiving his first book contract for the novel "Broderick".
 He won the Heywood Broun Award twice, received the Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award and has received a number of other local, state and regional honors.
 William Heffernan has received the Edgar Award, is a member of the Authors Guild, The Mystery Writers of America, and was once President of the International Association of Crime Writers.
 The film rights for the "The Dinosaur Club" were sold to Warner Bros in 1997 for $1 million.
Ana Miranda is a Brazilian poet and novelist born in Fortaleza, Ceará in 1951.
 She grew up in Brasilia and has lived in Rio de Janeiro since 1969.
 Her main work of note has been historical, including her award-winning 1989 novel "A Boca do Inferno", which was published in English in 1991.
 Many of her other works have concerned the conflicts of women wanting to have careers and families.
Lynn Hoffman was a Philadelphia novelist born in Brooklyn.
 Before writing his first novel, "The Bachelor's Cat" (1997) he was a merchant seaman, a chef and a college teacher.
Mean Spirit is a book about the Osage tribe during the Oklahoma oil boom.
 It is Linda Hogan's first novel.
 It was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1991.
Grantchester Grind is a novel written by Tom Sharpe, a British novelist born in 1928 who was educated at Lancing College and then at Pembroke College, Cambridge.
Linda K. Hogan (born 1947) is a poet, storyteller, academic, playwright, novelist, environmentalist and writer of short stories.
Leora Skolkin-Smith is an Israeli-American novelist born in Manhattan in 1952.
 Her first novel, "Edges: O Israel, O Palestine", was selected and edited by Grace Paley for Glad Day Books.
 Leora Skolkin-Smith graduated (BA and MFA) from Sarah Lawrence College.

Question: Mean Spirit is the first novel by a novelist born in what year?
Answer: 1947