Jacob ben Abba Mari ben Simson Anatoli (c. 1194 – 1256) was a translator of Arabic texts to Hebrew.
 He was invited to Naples by Frederick II.
 Under this royal patronage, and in association with Michael Scot, Anatoli made Arabic learning accessible to Western readers.
 Among his most important works were translations of texts by Averroes.
The War of the Lombards (1228–1243) was a civil war in the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Kingdom of Cyprus between the "Lombards" (also called the imperialists), the representatives of the Emperor Frederick II, largely from Lombardy, and the native aristocracy, led first by the Ibelins and then by the Montforts.
 The war was provoked by Frederick's attempt to control the regency for his young son, Conrad II of Jerusalem.
 Frederick and Conrad represented the Hohenstaufen dynasty.
Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250; Sicilian: "Fidiricu II" , German: "Friedrich II" ) was a Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily in the Middle Ages, a member of the House of Hohenstaufen.
 His political and cultural ambitions, based in Sicily and stretching through Italy to Germany, and even to Jerusalem, were enormous.
 However, his enemies, especially the popes, prevailed, and his dynasty collapsed soon after his death.
Matthias I (1119 – 13 May 1176) was the duke of Lorraine from 1138 to his death as the eldest son and successor of Simon I and Adelaide.
 Like his forefathers going back to Thierry II and even to Adalbert, he was a stern supporter of the king of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor.
 He married Judith (sometimes called Bertha), daughter of Frederick II, Duke of Swabia, and therefore niece of the Hohenstaufen king Conrad III and sister of Frederick Barbarossa, future emperor.
The German throne dispute or German throne controversy (German: "Deutscher Thronstreit" ) was a political conflict in the Holy Roman Empire at the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th centuries.
 This dispute between the House of Hohenstaufen and House of Welf was over the successor to Emperor Henry VI who had just died.
 After a conflict lasting almost 20 years the Hohenstaufens gained the upper hand in the guise of Frederick II.
Frederick of Pettorano ("c".
 1212/3 – after 1240) was the eldest illegitimate son of Frederick II, king of Sicily and Germany.
 He was born on Sicily to an Italo-Norman noblewoman after his father's first marriage to Constance of Aragon.
 This mistress's name is unknown, but she came from a family of Norman counts on Sicily and had a relationship with the teenage Frederick between 1211 and 1212.
 Their relationship ended when King Frederick went to Germany and in 1213 took up with another woman, a certain Adelaide.
 Besides Frederick of Pettorano, Frederick II probably named two other sons after himself: another illegitimate son, Frederick of Antioch, and a legitimate son by his wife Isabella.
 This last is known only by the initial "F." and died young.
Hans Hermann von Katte (28 February 1704 – 6 November 1730) was a Lieutenant of the Prussian Army and the friend of the future King Frederick II of Prussia, who was at the time the Crown Prince.
 He was executed by Frederick's father King Frederick William I of Prussia when Frederick II plotted to escape from the Kingdom of Prussia to the Kingdom of Great Britain.
 Some believe that Frederick intended to defect to the service of George II of Great Britain (Frederick William's maternal first cousin and Frederick's maternal uncle) and possibly return to Prussia to depose Frederick William.
The Lombard League (Italian and Lombard: "Lega Lombarda" ) was a medieval alliance formed in 1167, supported by the Pope, to counter the attempts by the Hohenstaufen Holy Roman Emperors to assert influence over the Kingdom of Italy as a part of the Holy Roman Empire.
 At its apex, it included most of the cities of Northern Italy, but its membership changed with time.
 With the death of the third and last Hohenstaufen emperor, Frederick II, in 1250, it became obsolete and was disbanded.
The Division of Altenburg (German: "Altenburger Teilung") was the plan for the division of the Meissen lands agreed upon by the two hostile Wettin brothers Elector Frederick II of Saxony and William III on 16 July 1445 at Altenburg.
 The brothers had attempted to reconcile, but eventually the division led the Saxon Fratricidal War (German: "Sächsischer Bruderkrieg"), which began in 1446 and lasted for five years, until the Peace of Naumburg was negotiated in 1451.
 Following the peace, the subsequent Treaty of Eger in 1459, and the deaths of Frederick II and Wilhelm III, the two sons of Frederick II eventually gained control of the land of both their father and William III.
The Hohenstaufen, also called the Staufer or Staufen, were a dynasty of German kings (1138–1254) during the Middle Ages.
 Besides Germany, they also ruled the Kingdom of Sicily (1194–1268).
 In Italian historiography, they are known as the "Svevi" (Swabians), since they were (successive) dukes of Swabia from 1079.
 Three members of the dynasty—Frederick I, Henry VI and Frederick II—were crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

Question: Where did Frederick II, a memeber of the House of Hohenstaufen, invite Jacob Anatoli?
Answer: Naples