Shivers (also known as The Parasite Murders, They Came from Within, and Frissons for the French-Canadian distribution) is a 1975 Canadian science fiction body horror film written and directed by David Cronenberg and starring Paul Hampton, Lynn Lowry, and Barbara Steele.
 The original shooting title was "Orgy of the Blood Parasites".
Dead Ringers is a 1988 Canadian-American psychological body horror drama film starring Jeremy Irons in a dual role as identical twin gynecologists.
 David Cronenberg directed and co-wrote the screenplay with Norman Snider.
 Their script was based on the lives of Stewart and Cyril Marcus and on the novel "Twins" by Bari Wood and Jack Geasland, a "highly fictionalized" version of the Marcus' story.
Joshua Benjamin "Josh" Trank (born February 19, 1984) is an American film director, screenwriter, and editor.
 He is known for directing the 2012 science fiction film "Chronicle" and the 2015 superhero film "Fantastic Four", both of which feature Michael B. Jordan in a starring role.
Body horror, biological horror, organic horror or visceral horror is horror fiction in which the horror is principally derived from the unnatural graphic transformation, degeneration or destruction of the physical body.
 Such works may deal with decay, disease, parasitism, mutation or mutilation.
 Other types of body horror include unnatural movements or the anatomically incorrect placement of limbs to create "monsters" from human body parts.
 David Cronenberg, Frank Henenlotter, Brian Yuzna, Stuart Gordon, Lloyd Kaufman, and Clive Barker are notable directors of this genre.
 The term "body horror" was coined with the "Body Horror" theme issue of the University of Glasgow film journal "Screen" (vol.
 27, no. 1, January–February 1986), containing several essays on the subject.
Brian James Freeman is an author whose fiction has been published in magazines and anthologies including "Borderlands 5", "Corpse Blossoms", and all four volumes of the "Shivers" series.
 His first novel, "Black Fire," was written under the pseudonym James Kidman.
 Published in 2004 by Leisure Books and Cemetery Dance Publications, the book was nominated for the Bram Stoker Award for Best First Novel, one of the major awards in the horror genre.
 His work has been nominated for several awards in the horror genre over the years.
 Cemetery Dance Publications recently published his "Blue November Storms," a new novella, and "The Illustrated Stephen King Trivia Book," which he wrote with Stephen King expert Bev Vincent.
 Acclaimed horror artist Glenn Chadbourne created over fifty unique illustrations for the book.
David Paul Cronenberg, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born March 15, 1943) is a Canadian filmmaker, actor and author.
 Cronenberg is one of the principal originators of what is commonly known as the body horror or visceral horror genre.
 This style of filmmaking explores people's fears of bodily transformation and infection.
 In his films, the psychological is typically intertwined with the physical.
Stereo is a 1969 Canadian film directed, written, produced, shot, and edited by David Cronenberg in his feature film debut.
 It stars Ronald Mlodzik, who also appears in Cronenberg's "Crimes of the Future", "Shivers" and "Rabid".
 It was Cronenberg's first feature-length effort, following his two short films, "Transfer" and "From the Drain".
 It is a brief feature film, with a running time of a little over one hour.
 This film is set in 1969.
Hisayasu Satō, sometimes misread as "Toshiyasu Satō", (佐藤 寿保 , Satō Hisayasu , born 15 August 1959 in Shizuoka City, Japan) is a Japanese exploitation film director.
 He has worked prolifically in the "pinku eiga" genre.
 His best known works are the "pink film" "The Bedroom" (1992), and the V-Cinema splatter film "Splatter: Naked Blood" (1996).
 He is known for his "sledgehammer" filmmaking style, and using his exploitation career to tackle serious subjects like obsession, alienation, perversion and voyeurism.
 He is often likened to Canadian director David Cronenberg due to his unflinching eye for Body Horror.
 Along with fellow directors, Kazuhiro Sano, Toshiki Satō and Takahisa Zeze, he is known as one of the "Four Heavenly Kings of Pink" (ピンク四天王 , pinku shitenno ) .
Existenz (stylized as eXistenZ) is a 1999 Canadian science fiction body horror film, written, produced, and directed by Canadian director David Cronenberg.
 It stars Jennifer Jason Leigh and Jude Law.
Peter Suschitzky, A.S.C. (born July 25, 1941) is a cinematographer born in London, the son of the cinematographer Wolfgang Suschitzky BSC.
 Among his most known works as director of photography are "The Empire Strikes Back" and the later films of David Cronenberg.
 Suschitzky succeeded Mark Irwin as Cronenberg's regular cinematographer when Irwin left during the pre-production of "Dead Ringers" (1988), and has been the cinematographer for all of Cronenberg's films since.

Question: Who is one of the principal originators of what is commonly known as the body horror or visceral horror genre, Josh Trank or David Cronenberg ?
Answer: David Paul Cronenberg