The Schleswig-Holstein Question (German: "Schleswig-Holsteinische Frage" ; Danish: "Spørgsmålet om Sønderjylland og Holsten" ) was a complex set of diplomatic and other issues arising in the 19th century from the relations of two duchies, Schleswig (Danish: "Sønderjylland/Slesvig" ) and Holstein (Danish: "Holsten" ), to the Danish crown and to the German Confederation.
 The British statesman Lord Palmerston is reported to have said: “Only three people have ever really understood the Schleswig-Holstein business—the Prince Consort, who is dead—a German professor, who has gone mad—and I, who have forgotten all about it."
The Eider Canal (also called the Schleswig-Holstein Canal) was an artificial waterway in southern Denmark (later northern Germany) which connected the North Sea with the Baltic Sea by way of the rivers Eider and Levensau.
 Constructed between 1777 and 1784, the Eider Canal was built to create a path for ships entering and exiting the Baltic that was shorter and less storm-prone than navigating around the Jutland peninsula.
 In the 1880s the canal was replaced by the enlarged Kiel Canal, which includes some of the Eider Canal's watercourse.
The First Schleswig War (German: "Schleswig-Holsteinischer Krieg" ) or Three Years' War (Danish: "Treårskrigen" ) was the first round of military conflict in southern Denmark and northern Germany rooted in the Schleswig-Holstein Question, contesting the issue of who should control the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein.
 The war, which lasted from 1848 to 1851, also involved troops from Prussia and Sweden.
 Ultimately, under international pressure, the Prussians had to withdraw their forces.
 As a result, the war ended in a Danish victory over the rebels.
 A second conflict, the Second Schleswig War, erupted in 1864.
The Braak Bog Figures are two wooden carvings discovered in 1947 in a peat bog in Braak, Schleswig-Holstein, Northern Germany.
 Part of a larger tradition of similar figures spanning the period from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages, they are human-like in appearance and have been carbon dated to the 2nd or 3rd century BCE; the Schleswig-Holstein state archaeology museum puts them as far back as 400BCE.
 Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain their function and what they may represent, from depictions of deities to ancestor worship.
Johannes Groenland (also spelled Grönland and called "Jean Groenland," 1824 - 1891) was a German botanist, horticulturist, and microscopist.
 He was born April 8, 1824 in Altona, a borough of Hamburg that was part of the Duchy of Holstein at that time.
 He was the son of Johann Friedrich Grönland, a German organist and music teacher.
 Groenland was trained in pharmacology in his youth and served as a pharmacist in Altona, Hamburg, and Jena in his early 20s.
 In 1849 he joined the Schleswig-Holstein army to fight in the First Schleswig War.
 After the war, Groenland moved to Paris to work as an assistant to Louis de Vilmorin, a French biologist and horticulturist who was also a member of the family firm Vilmorin-Andrieux.
 While working for Vilmorin, Groenland worked with Theodor Rümpler to prepare the German edition of "Les fleurs de pleine terre" ("Vilmorin's illustrierte Blumengärtnerei").
Peter, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (German: "Friedrich Ernst Peter" ; 30 April 1922 in Schloss Louisenlund, Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany – 30 September 1980 in Bienebek, Schleswig-Holstein, West Germany) was the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and Head of both the House of Glücksburg and the entire House of Oldenburg from 10 February 1965 until his death on 30 September 1980.
 Peter was the third and youngest son of Wilhelm Friedrich, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and his wife, Princess Marie Melita of Hohenlohe-Langenburg.
 He was a great-great-grandson of Queen Victoria through her second son, Prince Alfred.
The Ertebølle culture (ca 5300 BC – 3950 BC) (] ) is the name of a hunter-gatherer and fisher, pottery-making culture dating to the end of the Mesolithic period.
 The culture was concentrated in Southern Scandinavia, but genetically linked to strongly related cultures in Northern Germany and the Northern Netherlands.
 It is named after the type site, a location in the small village of Ertebølle on Limfjorden in Danish Jutland.
 In the 1890s, the National Museum of Denmark excavated heaps of oyster shells there, mixed with mussels, snails, bones and bone, antler and flint artifacts, which were evaluated as kitchen middens (Danish "køkkenmødding"), or refuse dumps.
 Accordingly, the culture is less commonly named the Kitchen Midden.
 As it is approximately identical to the Ellerbek culture of Schleswig-Holstein, the combined name, Ertebølle-Ellerbek is often used.
 The Ellerbek culture (German "Ellerbek Kultur") is named after a type site in Ellerbek, a community on the edge of Kiel, Germany.
The Second Schleswig War (Danish: "2.
 Slesvigske Krig" ; German: "Deutsch-Dänischer Krieg" ) was the second military conflict as a result of the Schleswig-Holstein Question.
 It began on 1 February 1864, when Prussian forces crossed the border into Schleswig.
The Apostolic Prefecture of Schleswig-Holstein was a fairly short-lived (1868-1930) Roman Catholic pre-diocesan Latin rite jurisdiction in northern Germany's Schleswig-Holstein region.
The Battle of Fredericia was fought between soldiers of Schleswig-Holstein and Denmark on 6 July 1849 at Fredericia in Denmark.
 The battle was a part of the First Schleswig War, which was a conflict between Schleswig-Holstein, supported by several German states, and Denmark.
 Denmark won the battle.

Question: The son of who was a German botanist, horticulturist, and microscopist, who joined the Schleswig-Holstein army to fight the first round of military conflict in southern Denmark and northern Germany rooted in the Schleswig-Holstein Question?
Answer: Johann Friedrich Grönland