The Battle of Carnuntum took place in 170 A.D. during the Marcomannic Wars.
 In the spring of 170 A.D. swarms of German warrior bands attacked Roman provinces along the Danube River.
 In furtherance of this endeavor, and for mutual protection, the king of the Marcomanni, Ballomar, had formed an alliance with the Quadi tribe.
 Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius with his son-in-law and chief military adviser Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus crossed the Danube River to drive back the raiders.
 The Romans and Germans met outside Carnuntum in Upper Pannonia, which was the headquarters for the 14th Legion.
 The Roman army was inexperienced and outmatched, and the ensuing battle was a disaster for the Romans.
 Although the legions fought hard and bravely, they were no match for the Germanic warriors.
 20,000 Romans were killed.
 Following this victory the Germans besieged Aquileia and sacked Opitergium.
 Carnuntum was the worst Roman defeat in a century.
The Battle of Halys (also known as the Battle of Halys River) took place in 82 BC, during the Second Mithridatic War.
 Roman general Lucius Licinius Murena became very overconfident while campaigning against Pontus and ignored orders to cease operations there.
 He commanded 2 legions. Murena launched two raids into Pontic territory.
 After receiving orders from the Senate not to continue the war, Murena launched a third raid, beginning the Second Mithridatic War.
 At Halys River, the Romans spared a small Pontic army under general Gordius for too long.
 Gordius waited until King Mithradates VI arrived himself with the main Pontic army.
 The Romans were very ill-prepared for the battle.
 The combined Pontic army attacked the Roman forces on the opposite side of the river.
 The Mithridatic troops eventually forced their way across, forcing the Romans to retreat.
 Eventually in 81 B.C. Lucius Cornelius Sulla restored peace between Rome and Pontus.
The Battle of the Allia was fought between the Senones (one of the Gallic tribes which had invaded northern Italy) and the Romans.
 It was fought at the confluence of the rivers Tiber and Allia, eleven Roman miles (16 km) north of Rome.
 The Romans were routed and subsequently the Senones sacked Rome.
 The common date given for the battle is 390 BC.
 This is based on the account of the battle by the Roman historian Livy and the Varronian Chronology, a Roman dating system.
 The ancient Greek historian Polybius, who used a Greek dating system, derived the date 387/6 BC.
 Plutarch wrote that the battle took place just after the summer solstice when the moon was near the full, a little more than three hundred and sixty years from the foundation of Rome.
 That would be shortly after 393 BC.
 Tacitus said that the battle took place the 15 before the Kalends of August, which is 18 July.
The 43rd Army was a Red Army field army of World War II that served on the Eastern Front.
 Formed in late July 1941, the army fought in the Battle of Smolensk (1941).
 It was forced to retreat after German troops broke through in October 1941 and subsequently fought in the Battle of Moscow.
 The army then fought in the Rzhev-Vyazma Offensive.
 After the end of the offensive, the army held its positions and transferred to the Demidov area in late 1942.
 It fought in the Battle of Smolensk (1943).
 During the summer of 1944 the army fought in Operation Bagration.
 In the fall the army advanced into the Baltic region and fought in the Riga Offensive (1944) and the Battle of Memel.
 In 1945 the army fought in the East Prussian Offensive before being placed in reserve near the end of April.
 The 43rd Army was disbanded postwar in July 1946.
The Battle of Zama—fought around October 19, 202 BC, near Zama (Tunisia)—marked the end of the Second Punic War.
 A Roman army led by Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (Scipio), with crucial support from Numidian leader Masinissa, defeated the Carthaginian army led by the commander Hannibal.
 Hannibal's force was greater in numbers than Scipio's, and he had eighty war elephants.
 However, many in Hannibal's army were recent conscripts, and the Romans had superior cavalry, as the most of the vaunted Numidian cavalry which Hannibal had employed with great success in Italy had by then switched sides to the Romans.
Britomaris was a war chief of the Senone tribe of the Gauls of northern Italy.
 We have a brief mention of him in a text by Appian, who said that he killed some Romans ambassadors who were sent to remonstrate about him proving mercenaries for forces which fought the Romans despite having signed a treaty with the Rome.
 Britomaris killed the ambassador because he was angry about his father having been killed while fighting on the side of the Etruscans "in this very war."
 Publius Cornelius Dolabella (the consul for 283 BC) then devastated the (ager Gallicus) (the name the Romans gave to the land which had been conquered by the Senones), killed all the men, enslaved the women and children and made the place uninhabitable.
 Britomaris was taken prisoner for torture.
 Appian also wrote that "[a] little later the Senones (who were serving as mercenaries), having no longer any homes to return to, fell boldly upon the consul Domitius,and being defeated by him killed themselves in despair."
 It is not clear which battle this was.
 It could have been the battle of Lake Vadimon of the same year, fought by Etruscan and Gallic forces, or probably, and more likely, another battle, mentioned by Polybius, which was fought after this and where the Etruscans and Gauls were defeated again and sued for peace.
The Battle of Ticinus was a battle of the Second Punic War fought between the Carthaginian forces of Hannibal and the Romans under Publius Cornelius Scipio in November 218 BC.
 The battle took place in the flat country of Pavia county on the right bank of the Ticino River, not far north from its confluence (from the north) with the Po River.
 The battle is named from the river, not the nearby contemporaneous settlement of Ticinum (today's Pavia).
 Although the precise location is not known, it is generally accepted that a settlement known today as Vigevano is mentioned in Livy's text and that Scipio's camp was to the south at Gambolo, whose coordinates are given on the map.
 The conflict would have been west of there.
 It was the first battle of the war against the Romans that was fought on Italian soil and the first battle of the war to employ legion-sized forces.
 Its loss by the Romans, and the temporary disablement of Scipio's command, set the stage for the Roman disaster at the Battle of Trebbia in December.
Hannibal Barca (Punic language: 𐤇𐤍𐤁𐤏𐤋 𐤁𐤓𐤒 , "ḥnb‘l brq"; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC), was a <a href="Ancient%20Carthage">Carthaginian</a> general, considered one of the greatest military commanders in history.
 His father Hamilcar Barca was the leading Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War.
 His younger brothers were Mago and Hasdrubal, and he was brother-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair.
The Battle of Dertosa, also known as the Battle of Ibera, was fought in the spring of 215 BC on the south bank of the Ebro River across from the town of Dertosa.
 A Roman army, under the command of Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus and Publius Cornelius Scipio, defeated a similarly sized Carthaginian army under Hasdrubal Barca.
 The Romans, under Gnaeus Scipio, had established themselves in Hispania after winning the Battle of Cissa in 218 BC.
 Hasdrubal Barca's expedition to evict them had ended in the defeat of the Iberian contingent of the Carthaginian navy at the Battle of Ebro River in 217 BC.
 Hasdrubal launched another expedition in 215 BC, but the defeat at Dertosa cost the Carthaginians a chance to reinforce Hannibal at a critical juncture, and the Romans gained the initiative in Hispania.
 The Scipio brothers continued with their policy of subjugating the Iberian tribes and raiding Carthaginian possessions.
 After losing of most of his field army, Hasdrubal had to be reinforced with the army that was to sail to Italy and reinforce Hannibal.
 Thus, by winning this battle, the Scipios had indirectly prevented the situation in Italy from getting worse in addition to improving their own situation in Iberia.
 This battle also demonstrates the danger of implementing the double envelopment tactic.
The Battle of Numistro was fought in 210 BC between Hannibal's army and one of the Roman consular armies led by consul Marcus Claudius Marcellus.
 It was the fourth time they met in a battle.
 Previous encounters were located around the walls of Nola (Campania) in 216, 215 and 214 and had been favourable for the Roman side.

Question: Who was the father of the leader of the army that fought the Romans at the Battle of Numistro ? 
Answer: Hamilcar Barca