The United Kingdom was the first country in the world to issue postal orders on 1 January 1881.
 They were the brainchild of the President of the Birmingham Chamber of Commerce, John Skirrow Wright which was to enable poorer people to buy goods and services by post, as they were unlikely to have bank accounts.
 The rich had bank accounts and could write cheques.
 A delegation of the Birmingham Chamber went to the annual meeting of Chambers of Commerce in London and John Skirrow Wright presented the idea, complete with all the details on how it would work including all the Postal Order values proposed.
 At first London bankers were against the idea, thinking it would affect their businesses, and the idea was rejected.
 However, eventually the bankers realised that the people who would use postal orders were not their customers and therefore no threat to their business.
 Consequently, at the Annual Meeting a year later John Skirrow Wright presented the idea again and this time it was accepted and the Postal Order system was started exactly as Skirrow Wright and Birmingham Chamber had proposed.
Loan modification is the systematic alteration of mortgage loan agreements that help those having problems making the payments by reducing interest rates, monthly payments or principal balances.
 Lending institutions could make one or more of these changes to relieve financial pressure on borrowers to prevent the condition of foreclosure.
 Loan modifications have been practiced in the United States since The 2008 Crash Of The Housing Market from Washington Mutual, Chase Home Finance, Chase, JP Morgan & Chase, other contributors like MER's.
 Crimes of Mortgage ad Real Estate Staff had long assisted nd finally the squeaky will could not continue as their deviant practices broke the state and crashed.
 Modification owners either ordered by The United States Department of Housing, The United States IRS or President Obamas letters from Note Holders came to those various departments asking for the Democratic process to help them keep their homes and protection them from explosion.
 Thus the birth of Modifications.
 It is yet to date for clarity how theses enforcements came into existence and except b whom, but t is certain that note holders form the Midwest reached out in the Democratic Process for assistance.
 FBI Mortgage Fraud Department came into existence.
 Modifications HMAP HARP were also birthed to help note holders get Justice through reduced mortgage by making terms legal.
 Modification of mortgage terms was introduced by IRS staff addressing the crisis called the HAMP TEAMS that went across the United States desiring the new products to assist homeowners that were victims of predatory lending practices, unethical staff, brokers, attorneys and lenders that contributed to the crash.
 Modification were a fix to the crash as litigation has ensued as the lenders reorganized and renamed the lending institutions and government agencies are to closely monitor them.
 Prior to modifications loan holders that experiences crisis would use Loan assumptions and Loan transfers to keep the note in the 1930s.
 During the Great Depression, loan transfers, loan assumption, and loan bail out programs took place at the state level in an effort to reduce levels of loan foreclosures while the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Federal Trade Commission, Comptroller, the United States Government and State Government responded to lending institution violations of law in these arenas by setting public court records that are legal precedence of such illegal actions.
 The legal precedents and reporting agencies were created to address the violations of laws to consumers while the Modifications were created to assist the consumers that are victims of predatory lending practices.
 During the so-called "Great Recession" of the early 21st century, loan modification became a matter of national policy, with various actions taken to alter mortgage loan terms to prevent further economic destabilization.
 Due to absorbent personal profits nothing has been done to educate Homeowners or Creditors that this money from equity, escrow is truly theirs the Loan Note Holder and it is their monetary rights as the real prize and reason for the Housing Crash was the profit n obtaining the mortgage holders Escrow.
 The Escrow and Equity that is accursed form the Note Holders payments various staff through the United States claimed as recorded and cashed by all staff in real-estate from local residential Tax Assessing Staff, Real Estate Staff, Ordinance Staff, Police Staff, Brokers, attorneys, lending institutional staff but typically Attorneys who are also typically the owners or Rental properties that are trained through Bankruptcies'.
 that collect the Escrow that is rightfully the Homeowners but because most Homeowners are unaware of what money is due them and how they can loose their escrow.
 Most Creditors are unaware that as the note holder that the Note Holder are due a annual or semi annual equity check and again bank or other lending and or legal intuitions staff claim this monies instead.
 This money Note Holders were unaware of is the prize of real estate and the cause of the Real Estate Crash of 2008 where Lending Institutions provided mortgages to people years prior they know they would eventually loose with Loan holders purchasing Balloon Mortgages lending product that is designed to make fast money off the note holder whom is always typically unaware of their escrow, equity and that are further victimized by conferences and books on HOW TO MAKE MONEY IN REAL STATE - when in fact the money is the Note Holder.
 The key of the crash was not the House, but the loan product used and the interest and money that was accrued form the note holders that staff too immorally.
 The immoral and illegal actions of predatory lending station and their staff began with the inception of balloon mortgages although illegal activity has always existed in the arena, yet the crash created "Watch Dog" like HAMP TEAM, IRS, COMPTROLLER< Federal Trade Commission Consumer Protection Bureau, FBI, CIA, Local Police Department, ICE ( The FBI online Computer crime division receives and investigates computer crimes that record keeping staff from title companies, lending institutional staff, legal staff and others created fraudulent documents to change payments and billing of note holders to obtain the money note holders are typically unaware of) and other watch dog agencies came into existence to examine if houses were purchased through a processed check at Government Debited office as many obtained free homes illegally.
 Many were incarcerated for such illegal actions.
 Modifications fixed the Notes to proper lower interest, escrow, tax fees that staff typically raised for no reason.
 Many people from various arenas involved in reals estate have been incarcerated for these actions as well as other illegal actions like charging for a modification.
 Additionally Modifications were also made to address the falsifications such as inappropriate mortgage charges, filing of fraudulently deeds, reporting of and at times filing of fraudulent mortgages that were already paid off that were fraudulently continued by lenders staff and attorneys or brokers or anyone in the Real Estate Chain through the issues of real estate terms to continue to violate United States Laws, contract law and legal precedence where collusion was often done again to defraud and steal from the Note Holder was such a common practice that was evidence as to why the Mortgage Crash in 2008 occurred for the purpose of wining the prize of stealing form Homeowners and those that foreclosed was actually often purposefully for these monies note holders were unaware of to be obtained which was why Balloon mortgages and loans were given to the staff in the Real Estate Market with the hoper and the expectation that the loan holders would default as it offered opportunity to commit illegal transactions of obtaining the homeowners funds.
 While such scams were addressed through modifications in 2008.
 The Market relied heavily on Consumers ignorance to prosper, ignorance of real estate terms, ignorance on what they were to be charged properly for unethical financial gain and while staff in real estates lending arenas mingled terms to deceive y deliberate confusion consumers out of cash and homes while the USA Government provided Justice through President Obamas Inception and IRS Inception of Modifications which addressed these unethical profits in Reals Estate.
 It was in 2009 that HARP, HAMP and Modifications were introduced to stop the victimization of Note Holders.
 Taking on the Banks that ran USA Government was a great and dangerous undertaking that made America Great Again as Justice for Consumers reigned.
 Legal action taken against institutions that have such business practices can be viewed in State Code of Law and Federal Law on precedent cases that are available to the public.
 Finally, It had been unlawful to be charged by an attorney to modify as well as fro banking staff to modify terms to increase a mortgage and or change lending product to a balloon in an concerted effort to make homeowner foreclose which is also illegal, computer fraud and not the governments intended purpose or definition of a modification.
Multiple citizenship, also called dual citizenship or multiple nationality or dual nationality, is a person's citizenship status, in which a person is concurrently regarded as a citizen of more than one state under the laws of those states.
 There is no international convention which determines the nationality or citizen status of a person, which is defined exclusively by national laws, which vary and can be inconsistent with each other.
 Multiple citizenship arises because different countries use different, and not necessarily mutually exclusive, criteria for citizenship.
 Colloquial speech refers to people "holding" multiple citizenship but technically each nation makes a claim that this person be considered its national.
The Bankers is the 1975 book by the economist-writer Martin Mayer that describes the industry just at the cusp of deregulation.
 At the time, banks had just been released from the interest rate ceilings of Regulation Q imposed by the Fed.
 Also, NOW (or negotiable orders of withdrawal) accounts allowed checkable deposits to earn interest.
 This period, the mid to late 1970s saw an explosion of financial markets innovation with money market mutual fund accounts, call and put options traded first over the counter then on listed exchanges and finally bank deregulation as failed banks were taken over by out of state banks.
Nomi Prins is an American author, journalist, and public speaker.
 She has worked as a managing director at Goldman-Sachs for 2 years and as a Senior Managing Director at Bear Stearns for 7 years, as well as having worked as a senior strategist at Lehman Brothers and analyst at the Chase Manhattan Bank.
 Prins is known for her book "All the Presidents' Bankers" in which she explores over a century of close relationships between the 19 Presidents from Teddy Roosevelt through Barack Obama and the key bankers of their day based on original archival documents.
 Prins also received recognition for her whistleblower book, "It Takes a Pillage: Behind the Bonuses, Bailouts, and Backroom Deals from Washington to Wall Street", for her views on the U.S. economy, for her published spending figures on federal programs and initiatives related to the 2008 bailout, and for her advocacy for the reinstatement of the Glass–Steagall Act and regulatory reform of the financial industry.
Sydney Warburg (1880-1947) is the pen name of an author or group of authors who remained anonymous and who published a book about funding of the Nazi Party by American bankers between 1929 and 1933.
 The book's Dutch title "De geldbronnen van het Nationaal-Socialisme: drie gesprekken met Hitler" refers to three conversations Warburg said Sydney would have had with Adolf Hitler.
 The original states that the text was "Door Sydney Warburg, vertaald door J.G. Schoup" (By Sydney Warburg, translated by J.G. Schoup).
The Italian, or the Confessional of the Black Penitents (1797) is a Gothic novel written by the English author Ann Radcliffe.
 It is the last book Radcliffe published during her lifetime (she would go on to write the novel "Gaston de Blondeville", which was published posthumously in 1826).
 "The Italian" has a dark, mysterious and somber tone, and concerns the themes of love, devotion and persecution by the Holy Inquisition.
 The novel also deals with issues prevalent at the time of the French Revolution, such as religion, aristocracy, and nationality.
 Radcliffe's renowned use of veiled imagery is considered to have reached its height of sophistication and complexity in "The Italian"; concealment and disguise are central motifs of the novel.
 In line with late 18th-century sensibility and its parallel fetishisation of the sublime and the sentimentally pastoral, the heightened emotional states of Radcliffe's characters are often reflected through the pathetic fallacy.
 The novel is noted for its extremely effective antagonist, Father Schedoni.
Other People's Money And How the Bankers Use It (1914) is a collection of essays written by Louis Brandeis first published as a book in 1914, and reissued in 1933.
"The Book Job" is the sixth episode of the twenty-third season of the American animated sitcom "The Simpsons".
 It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 20, 2011.
 In the episode, Lisa is shocked to discover that all popular young-adult novels are not each written by a single author with any inspiration, but are conceived by book publishing executives through use of market research and ghostwriters to make money.
 When Homer hears this, he decides to get rich by starting work on a fantasy novel about trolls together with Bart, Principal Skinner, Patty, Moe, Professor Frink, and author Neil Gaiman.
 Lisa, who does not think writing should be about money, decides to write a novel on her own.
 However, she is constantly distracted by other things and fails to make any progress on it.
 After selling their novel to a book publishing executive, the group members later discover that the executive has replaced the trolls with vampires because vampires are more popular.
 In an attempt to replace this new version with the old before the novel goes into print, they break into the book publishing company's headquarters.
Louis Dembitz Brandeis ( ; November 13, 1856 – October 5, 1941) was an American lawyer and associate justice on the Supreme Court of the United States from 1916 to 1939.
 He was born in Louisville, Kentucky, to Jewish immigrant parents from Bohemia (now in the Czech Republic), who raised him in a secular home.
 He attended Harvard Law School, graduating at the age of twenty with the highest grade average in the law school's history.
 Brandeis settled in Boston, where he founded a law firm (that is still in practice today as Nutter McClennen & Fish) and became a recognized lawyer through his work on progressive social causes.

Question: What nationality was the author of the book Other People's Money And How the Bankers Use It ?
Answer: American