Elijah Ba'al Shem or Eliyahu Ba'al Shem of Chełm (government of Lublin) (born 1550; died at Chelm, 1583 ) was a Polish rabbi who served as chief rabbi of Chełm.
 He also studied Kabbalah, and, according to his descendant Tzvi Ashkenazi, created a golem.
 He is credited with creating the first golem with a ""shem"" (that is, using a combination of letters from one of the names of God to form a name; Elijah used ""Sefer Yezirah""), so he was known as a "Ba'al Shem."
 He is the first rabbi in history to be known by this title.
Josef Hirsch Janow (1733 – 13 November 1785) was a Polish rabbi, who, on account of his great keenness in Talmudical discussions, was commonly called ""Hirsch Ḥarif"" (the acute).
 When in 1776 his father-in-law, Raphael Kohn, was elected rabbi of the 3 congregations Hamburg, Altona, and Wandsbeck, he succeeded him as rabbi of Posen.
 In the following year he was called to the rabbinate of Fürth.
 In 1779 he interdicted Moses Mendelssohn's German translation of the Pentateuch.
 Salomon Maimon, in his "Lebensgeschichte" (pp 280 et seq.), highly praises Hirsch Janow for his benevolence.
 He died at Fürth, Bavaria, on 13 November 1785.
Aryeh Löb ben Mordecai Ha-Levi Epstein ("Ba'al ha-Pardes") (1708 – June 26, 1775) was a Polish rabbi born in Grodno.
 At first he refused to become a rabbi, preferring to devote himself entirely to study, but in 1739 he was forced by poverty to accept the rabbinate of Brestovech, Lithuania, and in 1745 he became rabbi of Königsberg, where he remained until his death.
 He corresponded with Elijah, Gaon of Vilna, and with Jonathan Eybeschütz, with whom he sided in the quarrel about amulets (see Emden-Eybeschütz Controversy).
Nelly Shulman is the first female rabbi from Russia and was the first female rabbi in Belarus, having served as the chief reform rabbi of Minsk, Belarus.
 This makes her the first Russian-born woman to be a rabbi in the former Soviet Union.
 She was born in St. Petersburg, Russia, and received her rabbinical ordination at the Leo Baeck College in London in 1999.
 She was a rabbi in Belarus for five years, the first female rabbi to serve there.
 She later returned to Russia and worked as a rabbi in Moscow.
 She also became a founding member and rabbi for the World Union for Progressive Judaism in Russia.
 In 2006 she officiated at what is believed to be Russia's first Jewish same-sex commitment ceremony, which led to Russia's largest Jewish group, Federation of Jewish Communities of Russia, asking the Jewish Russian community to boycott Reform Jews.
Meir Lublin or Meir ben Gedalia (1558 – 1616) was a Polish rabbi, Talmudist and Posek ("decisor of Jewish law").
 He is well known for his commentary on the Talmud, "Meir Einai Chachamim".
 He is also referred to as Maharam (Hebrew acronym: "Our Teacher, Rabbi Meir").
Joshua Höschel ben Joseph (died 16 August 1648) was a Polish rabbi born in Vilnius, Lithuania about 1578 and died in Cracow on August 16, 1648.
 In his boyhood, he journeyed to Przemyśl, Red Ruthenia, to study the Talmud under Rabbi Samuel ben Phoebus of Cracow.
 He returned to his native country, and continued his Talmudic studies in the city of Włodzimierz (Volodymyr, Volhynia) under Rabbi Joshua Falk.
 After his marriage to the daughter of Rabbi Samuel of Brest-Litovsk, he became rabbi of the city of Grodno, whence he was called to the rabbinate of Tiktin (Tykocin), and later to that of Przemyśl.
 In 1639 he became rabbi of Lemberg (Lviv, Ukraine) and in the following year he was appointed head of the yeshiva of Cracow.
 At Cracow Joshua devoted all his time to matters pertaining to the yeshiva, "din" (law), and religious decisions.
 As he was a man of wealth, he accepted no salary for the services he rendered to the Jewish community of Cracow.
Yaakov Avigdor (also Jacob) (1896–1967) was a Polish rabbi, author and Holocaust survivor, who served as Chief Rabbi of Drohobych - Boryslav in Poland, and of the Ashkenazi Jewish community in Mexico.
Salomon Maimon ( ; ] ; Hebrew: שלמה מימון‎ ‎ ‎; 1753 – 22 November 1800) was a German-speaking philosopher, born of Jewish parentage in present-day Belarus.
Haim Raphael HaLevi ben Aaron of Staroselye (d. 1842) was the second and last rebbe of the Strashelye movement, an extinct branch of the Chabad school of Hasidic Judaism.
 The branch is named Strashelye after the town in the Mohilev Province of present-day Belarus where its leader lived.
 Like all Hasidim it is based on the teachings and customs of "Chasidut" as taught by the Baal Shem Tov, in turn based on the Kabbalistic works of Rabbi Isaac Luria (also known as the "Arizal").
 Rabbi Haim's father was Aaron HaLevi ben Moses of Staroselye, a disciple of Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi and a friend of Rabbi Dovber Schneuri.
Jacob ben Ephraim (died in Lublin 1648) was a Polish rabbi.
 At first he occupied the post of rabbi and instructor at the yeshivah of that city, whence he was called to officiate as rabbi in Brest.
 There he entertained in 1631 R. Yom-Ṭob Lipman Heller, who speaks of him with great respect, and mentions his officiating as rabbi in the two cities cited ("Megillat Ebah," p. 28).
 From Brest he returned to Lublin as rabbi, and remained there till his death.

Question: A German-speaking philosopher, born of Jewish parentage in present-day Belarus highly praises a Polish rabbi, who called to the Fürth in 1775, in his "Lebensgeschichte", what was the Polish rabbi commonly called due to his great keenness in  Talmudical discussions?
Answer: Hirsch Ḥarif