The Rainbow Coffee House was a famous coffee house located at 15 Fleet Street, London.
 It was opened by James Farr in 1657, becoming London's second coffee house.
Pakistan has several official national symbols including a historic document, a flag, an emblem, an anthem, a memorial tower as well as several national heroes.
 The symbols were adopted at various stages in the existence of Pakistan and there are various rules and regulations governing their definition or use.
 The oldest symbol is the Lahore Resolution, adopted by the All India Muslim League on 23 March 1940, and which presented the official demand for the creation of a separate country for the Muslims of India.
 The Minar-e-Pakistan memorial tower which was built in 1968 on the site where the Lahore Resolution was passed.
 The national flag was adopted just before independence was achieved on 14 August 1947.
 The national anthem and the state emblem were each adopted in 1954.
 There are also several other symbols including the national animal, bird, flower and tree.
Queen's Lane Coffee House is a historic coffee house dating from 1654 in Oxford, England.
 It claims to be the oldest coffee house in Europe.
It's A Grind Coffee House is a coffee house franchise which sells a variety of coffees, teas, blended drinks, and bakery items.
 The name "It's a Grind Coffee House" is a registered trademark of Praise International North America, Inc, which is the North America affiliate of Gloria Jean's Coffees International.
 It's A Grind Coffee House was founded by husband and wife, Marty Cox & Louise Montgomery, in 1994, the first store opening in July 1995 at 5933 East Spring Street in Long Beach, California.
 The company was ranked in the top 500 franchises in the USA by Entrepreneur.com for 2008.
Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell, ("née" Stevenson; 29 September 1810 – 12 November 1865), often referred to as Mrs Gaskell, was an English novelist, biographer, and short story writer.
 Her novels offer a detailed portrait of the lives of many strata of Victorian society, including the very poor, and are of interest to social historians as well as lovers of literature.
 Her first novel, "Mary Barton", was published in 1848.
 Gaskell's "The Life of Charlotte Brontë", published in 1857, was the first biography of Brontë.
 Some of Gaskell's best known novels are "Cranford" (1851–53), "North and South" (1854–55), and "Wives and Daughters" (1865).
Raymond McDaniel (born Florida) is an American poet, author of three poetry collections, "Special Powers and Abilities" (Coffee House Press, 2013), "Saltwater Empire" (Coffee House Press, 2008), and "Murder (a Violet)" (Coffee House Press, 2004).
 "Murder (a Violet)" was a National Poetry Series winner.
 He graduated from University of Michigan in 1995, with an MFA.
 He teaches at the University of Michigan, He writes book reviews for "The Constant Critic".
College Street Coffee House (Bengali: কফি হাউস ; "Coffee House") is a cafe located opposite the Presidency College in College Street, the most famous of Indian Coffee House branches in Kolkata.
 It has been for a long time a regular hang out and a renowned meeting place (adda) for intellectuals and students (and ex-students) of the Presidency College, University of Calcutta, and other institutions in College Street.
 It has played an important part in Calcutta's (Kolkata) cultural history and known as the hub of intellectual debates.
Tom King's Coffee House (later known as Moll King's Coffee House) was a notorious establishment in Covent Garden, London in the mid-18th century.
 Open from the time the taverns shut until dawn, it was ostensibly a coffee house, but in reality served as a meeting place for prostitutes and their customers.
 By refusing to provide beds, the Kings ensured that they never risked charges of brothel-keeping, but the venue was nevertheless a rowdy drinking den and a favourite target for the moral reformers of the day.
Will's Coffee House was one of the foremost coffeehouses in England in the decades after the Restoration.
 It was situated in Russell Street in London, at the northwest corner of Bow Street, between the City and Westminster.
 According to the "Methuen Drama Dictionary of the Theatre", it was also known as the Rose Tavern, the Russell Street Coffee House, and the Wits' Coffee House.
 It was founded by Will Unwin.
The Gaskell Memorial Tower and King's Coffee House are in King Street, Knutsford, Cheshire, England.
 As originally built, it had the triple function of being council offices, a coffee house, and a memorial to the novelist Elizabeth Gaskell, a former resident of the town who is often known as Mrs Gaskell.
 The building was designed by Richard Harding Watt with assistance from W. Longworth, and was opened in 1907.
 Its design incorporates features of many styles of architecture, and has not been praised by all critics.
 Incorporated on the tower are two depictions of Mrs Gaskell, a stone bust and a bronze relief.
 The building is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.
 The building is owned by Knutsford Town Council but since the early 1970s it has been used as a restaurant.

Question: What was the nationality of the novelist for whom the Gaskell Memorial Tower and King's Coffee House is a memoral?  
Answer: English