On 16 January 1965, a U.S. Air Force Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker crashed in the central United States, in a suburban neighborhood in Wichita, Kansas, near McConnell Air Force Base.
 This resulted in the deaths of all seven crew members on board the aircraft and an additional twenty-three people on the ground.
Post war effect are widely spread.
 and can be long term or short term.
 Soldiers experience war differently than civilians, although either suffer in times of war, and women and children suffer unspeakable atrocities in particular.
 In the past decade, up to two million of those killed in armed conflicts were children.
 The widespread trauma caused by these atrocities and suffering of the civilian population is another legacy of these conflicts, the following creates extensive emotional and psychological stress.
 Present-day internal wars generally take a larger toll on civilians than state wars.
 This is due to the increasing trend where combatants have made targeting civilians a strategic objective.
 In state conflict is an armed conflict that occurs with the use of armed force between two parties, of which one is the government of a state.
 "The three problems posed by intra‐state conflict are the willingness of UN members, particularly the strongest member, to intervene; the structural ability of the UN to respond; and whether the traditional principles of peacekeeping should be applied to intra‐state conflict".
 Effects of war also include mass destruction of cities and have long lasting effects on a country's economy.
 Armed conflict have important indirect negative consequences on, infrastructure, public health provision, and social order.
 These indirect consequences are often overlooked and underappreciated.
Aerial Service Corporation was an aircraft manufacturer established in Hammondsport, New York in 1920.
 It built aircraft using the name Mercury Aircraft.
Strafing is the military practice of attacking ground targets from low-flying aircraft using aircraft-mounted automatic weapons ranging from machine guns (5mm to 20mm) to autocannons or rotary cannons (typically 20mm to 37mm).
 This means that, although ground attack using automatic weapons fire is very often accompanied with bombing or rocket fire, the term "strafing" does not specifically include the last two.
 The term "strafing" can cover either fixed guns, or aimable (flexible) guns.
 Fixed guns firing directly ahead tend to be more predominant on fixed wing aircraft, while helicopters tend to use aimable weapons which can be fired in many different directions independent of the direction the aircraft is pointing in (in most cases, flexible guns on a fixed wing aircraft are for defense purposes only, although they can sometimes be used to fire on ground targets to limited effect).
 Some fixed wing aircraft, like fighter-bombers, are capable of flying either air-combat missions or ground attack missions (P-47 Thunderbolt), while others are dedicated ground-attack types (Il-2 Shturmovik).
 In cases where an aircraft is capable of both types of combat, when it is assigned to a ground attack role, and thus expected to be using the guns mostly for strafing, the fixed weapons are often mounted so that the convergence point is lower and at a greater range than would be used for air combat.
 This is helpful because it allows the pilot to aim at a target without having to dive towards the ground as steeply, decreasing the risk of collision with the ground and increasing the amount of firing time available before having to pull up, and it also increases the range from the target, helping avoid anti-aircraft fire and potential damage from exploding targets.
 Because of the low altitude and relatively low airspeed required for accurate strafing, it is very risky for the pilot, who is exposed not only to the risk of flight-into-terrain and obstacles such as power lines, but also to anti-aircraft weapons, including surface-to-air missiles (both vehicle mounted and hand-held), anti-aircraft artillery and small caliber weapons fire (such as machine guns and small arms).
 Planes purposely designed for ground attack may include additional armour around and underneath the cockpit and other vulnerable areas such as engines to protect the pilot and key flight components, while aircraft designed mostly for air combat tend to have most of their armor placed to protect directly ahead or to the rear, where fire from other aircraft is most likely, leaving them more vulnerable to fire from directly below or to the sides, where much ground fire often comes from.
The Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker is a military aerial refueling aircraft.
 Both the KC-135 and the Boeing 707 airliner were developed from the Boeing 367-80 prototype.
 It is the predominant variant of the C-135 Stratolifter family of transport aircraft.
 The KC-135 was the US Air Force's first jet-powered refueling tanker and replaced the KC-97 Stratofreighter.
 The KC-135 was initially tasked with refueling strategic bombers, but was used extensively in the Vietnam War and later conflicts such as Operation Desert Storm to extend the range and endurance of US tactical fighters and bombers.
The target was a convoy carrying eight members of the National Police force on the way to police a football game between Sabadell and Málaga CF.
 Six of the police officers were killed, with the other two injured.
 Several civilians were also injured in the attack, which was ETA's deadliest of 1990.
Operation Frequent Wind was the final phase in the evacuation of American civilians and "at-risk" Vietnamese from Saigon, South Vietnam prior to the takeover of the city by the North Vietnamese Army (PAVN) in the Fall of Saigon.
 It was carried out on 29–30 April 1975, during the last days of the Vietnam War.
 More than 7,000 people were evacuated by helicopter from various points in Saigon.
 The airlift resulted in a number of enduring images.
In the U.S. Air Force, an electronic warfare officer (EWO) is a trained aerial navigator who has received training in enemy threat systems, electronic warfare principles and overcoming enemy air defense systems .
 These officers are specialists in finding, identifying and countering air defense systems and also radar-, infrared- and optically guided surface-to-air missiles, anti-aircraft artillery as well as enemy fighter planes.
 In aircraft that could penetrate enemy airspace EWOs protect their aircraft using radar jamming, chaff and flares to deceive potential threats.
 In other aircraft EWOs work to gather intelligence information on potential enemy air defense systems and communication systems.
Agent Blue, (CH)AsOOH, obtained by the oxidation of cacodyl, and having the properties of an exceedingly stable acid; is one of the "rainbow herbicides" that is known for its use by the United States during the Vietnam War.
 Largely inspired by the British use of herbicides and defoliants during the Malayan Emergency, killing rice was a military strategy from the very start of US military involvement in Vietnam.
 At first, US soldiers attempted to blow up rice paddies and rice stocks, using mortars and hand grenades.
 But grains of rice were far more durable than they understood, and were not easily destroyed.
 Every grain that survived was a seed, to be collected and planted again.
 In a report to the International War Crimes Tribunal (founded by Bertrand Russell) at the end of 1967, it was stated that: "The soldiers discovered that rice is one of the most maddeningly difficult substances to destroy; using thermite metal grenades it is almost impossible to make it burn and, even if one succeeds in scattering the rice, this does not stop it being harvested by patient men.
 So they went to a bigger and better option that will actually kill off the paddies.
 The purpose of Agent Blue was narrow-leaf plants and trees (grass, rice, bamboo, banana, etc.) "Operation Ranch Hand", was military code for spraying of herbicides from U.S. Air Force aircraft in Southeast Asia from 1962 through 1971.
 The widespread use of herbicides in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War was a unique military operation in that it was meant to kill the plants that provided cover.
 The continued use of Agent Blue, one of the "Rainbow Herbicides", by the United States was primarily meant as an operation to take away the enemy’s advantage on the terrain as well as deprive them of the resources they gained from the plant life.
 Between 1962 and 1971, the US used an estimated 20 million gallons of herbicides as chemical weapons for "defoliation and crop destruction" which fell mostly on the forest of South Vietnam, but was eventually used in Laos as well to kill crops in order to deprive the communist Viet Cong and North Vietnamese troops of food.
 It was sprayed on rice paddies and other crops in an attempt to deprive the Viet Cong of the valuable crops the plants provided.
 Unable to control the Viet Cong's access to food supplies or their grassroots village support, the US military response was simple: If you can't control it, kill it.
 Agent Blue is a mixture of two arsenic-containing compounds: sodium cacodylate and cacodylic acid.
 Agent Blue is chemically unrelated to the more infamous Agent Orange and other herbicides used during the war.
Patrick Leonard was an Irish politician, businessman and landowner.
 He owned three farms near Dublin and was involved in moving cattle between the west of Ireland and Dublin.
 In 1915 he was elected President of the Dublin Chamber of Commerce.
 Leonard was an early pioneer of the car in Ireland.
 He suffered a serious accident in 1910 when he was injured by an explosion in an acetylene torch which he was using at his home.
 He was also injured in another accident at home while using explosives to remove a tree trunk in the grounds of his house.
 During the Easter Rising of 1916, Leonard, travelling with his son Mark, was told to stop at a road-block by rebels.
 He refused to do so and was shot at, leading to his son's arm being injured.

Question: What aerial aircraft using in the Vietnam War also injured american civilians?
Answer: Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker