This is a list English words of Polish origin, that is words used in the English language that were borrowed or derived, either directly or indirectly, from Polish.
 Several Polish words have entered English slang via Yiddish, brought by Ashkenazi Jews migrating from Poland to North America.
 Other English words were indirectly derived from Polish via Russian or West European languages, such as French, German or Dutch.
 The Polish words themselves often come from other languages, such as German or Turkish.
 Borrowings from Polish tend to be mostly words referring to staples of Polish cuisine, names of Polish folk dances or specialist, e.g. horse-related, terminology.
 Among the words of Polish origin there are several words that derive from Polish geographic names and ethnonyms, including the name "Polska", "Poland", itself.
Wasei-eigo (和製英語 , "Japanese-made English", "English words coined in Japan") are Japanese language expressions based on English words or parts of words combinations, that do not exist in standard English language or whose meaning differs from the words they were derived from.
In English, the plural form of words ending in "-us", especially those derived from Latin, often replaces "-us" with "-i".
 There are many exceptions, some because the word does not derive from Latin, and others due to custom ("e.g.", "campus", plural "campuses").
 Conversely, some non-Latin words ending in "-us" and Latin words that did not have their Latin plurals with "-i" form their English plurals with "-i".
 Some words' plurals end in "-i" even though they are not Latin, or that is not the Latin plural, "e.g.", "octopi" as a plural for octopus.
 Prescriptivists consider these forms incorrect, but descriptivists may simply describe them as a natural evolution of language.
In phylogenetics, apomorphy and synapomorphy refer to derived characteristics of a clade.
 Apomorphy implies a characteristic that is different from the form of an ancestor, i.e., an innovation, of use in determining membership in a clade.
 Synapomorphy is a shared derived character or trait state that distinguishes a clade from other organisms.
 In other words, it is an apomorphy shared by members of a monophyletic group, and thus assumed to be present in their most recent common ancestor.
 The word synapomorphy, coined by German entomologist Willi Hennig, is derived from the Greek words "σύν ", "syn" = shared; "ἀπό ", "apo" = away from; and "μορφή ", "morphe" = shape.
Hindustani vocabulary, also known as Hindi-Urdu vocabulary, like all Indo-Aryan languages, has a core base of Sanskrit, which it gained through Prakrit.
 As such the standardized registers of the Hindustani language (Hindi-Urdu) share a common vocabulary, especially on the colloquial level.
 However, in formal speech, Hindi tends to draw on Sanskrit, while Urdu turns to Persian and sometimes Arabic.
 This difference lies in the history of Hindustani, in which the Khariboli dialect started to gain more Persian words in urban areas (such as Lucknow and Hyderabad), under the Delhi Sultanate; this dialect came to be termed Urdu.
 The original Hindi dialects continued to develop alongside Urdu and according to Professor Afroz Taj, "the distinction between Hindi and Urdu was chiefly a question of style.
 A poet could draw upon Urdu's lexical richness to create an aura of elegant sophistication, or could use the simple rustic vocabulary of dialect Hindi to evoke the folk life of the village.
 Somewhere in the middle lay the day to day language spoken by the great majority of people.
 This day to day language was often referred to by the all-encompassing term "Hindustani"."
 In Colonial India, Hindi-Urdu acquired vocabulary introduced by Christian missionaries from the Germanic and Romanic languages, e.g. "pādrī" (Devanagari: पादरी, Nastaleeq: پادری) from "padre", meaning pastor.
 When describing the state of Hindi-Urdu under the British Raj, Professor Śekhara Bandyopādhyāẏa stated that "Truly speaking, Hindi and Urdu, spoken by a great majority of people in north India, were the same language written in two scripts; Hindi was written in Devanagari script and therefore had a greater sprinkling of Sanskrit words, while Urdu was written in Persian script and thus had more Persian and Arabic words in it.
 At the more colloquial level, however, the two languages were mutually intelligible."
 After the partition of India, political forces within India tried to further Sanskritize Hindi, while political forces in Pakistan campaigned to remove Prakit/Sanksrit derived words from Urdu and supplant them with Persian and Arabic words.
 Despite these government efforts, the film industry, Bollywood continues to release its films in the original Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu) language, easily understood and enjoyed by speakers of both registers; in addition many of the same television channels are viewed across the border.
Esperanto derivation is for the most part regular and predictable: One can normally understand new words that are built upon known roots, and can create new words on the fly while speaking.
 However, there is a suffix "-um-" that has no inherent meaning, but derives words that cannot be readily derived with dedicated affixes.
 Such derivations must be memorized individually, though because the root already exists, they may be more easily learned than a completely new word.
 Because of its irregularity and unpredictability, over-use of the suffix "-um-" is discouraged.
 Over time substitutes have been developed for some of the original "-um-" words and new ones have been coined.
 Regular derivations may in some cases substitute for a word in "-um-"; in other cases they may be similar but not exact replacements; and in still others, a substitutable word may be considered jargon (like using 'a catarrh' for 'a cold' in English).
Derived stems are a morphological feature of verbs common to the Semitic languages.
 These derived verb stems are sometimes called augmentations or forms of the verb, or are identified by their Hebrew name binyanim.
 Semitic languages make extensive use of nonconcatenative morphology, and most words share a set of two, three or four consonants which comprise a root wherein each root may be the basis for a number of conceptually related words.
 Traditionally, words are thought of as being derived from these root consonants, but a view increasingly held by contemporary linguists sees stem words being the source of derivations rather than consonantal roots.
 Regardless, each language features a number of set patterns for deriving verb stems from a given root or underived stem.
 Stems sharing the same root consonants represent separate verbs, albeit often semantically related, and each is the basis for its own conjugational paradigm.
 As a result, these derived stems are part of the system of derivational morphology, not part of the inflectional system.
A clock is an instrument to measure, keep, and indicate time.
 The word "clock" is derived (via Dutch, Northern French, and Medieval Latin) from the Celtic words "clagan" and "clocca" meaning "bell".
 A silent instrument missing such a striking mechanism has traditionally been known as a timepiece.
 In general usage today, a "clock" refers to any device for measuring and displaying the time.
 Watches and other timepieces that can be carried on one's person are often distinguished from clocks.
Gadiyaram (Telugu: గడియారం) in Telugu language means Time Watch or Clock.
Words Words Words (also Words, Words, Words or Bo Burnham: Words, Words, Words) refers to both a stand-up comedy routine and the derivative album by American comedian, Bo Burnham.
 The live performance debuted at the Boston House of Blues on May 21, 2010, and the album is derived from a special live performance of the same set at Carolines on Broadway on June 30, 2010.
 In addition to the Carolines performance, the album has two studio singles, "Words, Words, Words” and “Oh Bo".

Question: What words are Gadiyaram derived from?
Answer: "clagan" and "clocca"