pp no relation pianissimo
Dynamic markings
The two basic dynamic indications in music are:p or piano, meaning "soft or quiet".
f or forte, meaning "loud or strong".More subtle degrees of loudness or softness are indicated by:mp, standing for mezzo-piano, meaning "moderately quiet".
mf, standing for mezzo-forte, meaning "moderately loud".
più p, standing for più piano and meaning "quieter".
più f, standing for più forte and meaning "louder".Use of up to three consecutive fs or ps is also common:pp, standing for pianissimo and meaning "very quiet".
ff, standing for fortissimo and meaning "very loud".
ppp ("triple piano"), standing for pianississimo and meaning "very very quiet".
fff ("triple forte"), standing for fortississimo and meaning "very very loud".Changes
Three Italian words are used to show gradual changes in volume:
no relation