Victoria (ship) location of creation Ondarroa
Victoria or Nao Victoria (Spanish for "Victory") was a carrack famed as the first ship to successfully circumnavigate the world. Victoria was part of the Spanish expedition to the Moluccas (now Indonesia's Maluku Islands) commanded by the explorer Ferdinand Magellan until his death in the Philippines in 1521. The expedition began from Seville on 10 August 1519 with five ships and entered the ocean at Sanlúcar de Barrameda in Spain on September 20th. However, only two of the ships reached their goal in the Moluccas. Thereafter, Victoria was the only ship to complete the return voyage, crossing uncharted waters of the Indian Ocean under Juan Sebastián de Elcano's command to sail around the world. She returned to Sanlúcar on 6 September 1522.The carrack (Spanish: nao) was built at a Basque shipyard in Ondarroa. Along with the four other ships, she was given to Magellan by King Charles I of Spain (later Emperor Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire). Victoria was an 85-tonel ship with an initial crew of about 42. (The specific ship was not recorded for a few dozen of the sailors who participated on the expedition.) The expedition's flagship and Magellan's own command was the carrack Trinidad (100 or 110 tonels with an initial crew of around 55). The other ships were the carrack San Antonio (120 tonels and about 60 men), the carrack Concepción (90 tonels and about 45 men), and the caravel Santiago (75 tonels and about 32 men). The Santiago was lost off the Argentine coast, San Antonio left the expedition and returned to Spain after a failed mutiny in Patagonia, the Concepción was scuttled after a massacre of the Spanish in the Philippines, and the Trinidad was captured by the Portuguese in the East Indies and lost in storm.Construction
While agreeing on its Basque origin, for a long period the vessel was thought to have been constructed in Zarautz, next to Elcano's home town Getaria. However, research conducted by local historians has revealed that the nao Victoria was built at the shipyards of Ondarroa in Biscay. It was originally called Santa Maria, owned by Domingo Apallua, a ship pilot, and his son, Pedro Arismendi.According to a notarial document dating from 1518, the ship had been used in previous years for trade between Castile and England. Royal Castilian officials bought the ship at a set price of 800 gold ducats, a figure at odds with the estimation on the ship's real value provided by the accountant of Magellan's expedition, and accepted by the owners only against their will. The ship was renamed Victoria by Magellan after the chapel he frequented on his prayers in Seville, the Santa María de la Victoria.
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