Mari Autonomous Oblast followed by Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
The Mari Autonomous Oblast was created on November 4, 1920, as a region of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.  In 1936 it was re-established as the Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which dissolved in 1990, then developing into the modern Mari El Republic within Russian Federation.
The Oblast was largely populated by the Mari people.  Events in its early history include the Russian famine of 1921–22 and the 1921 Mari wildfires.