Trinity College Dublin founded by Elizabeth I of England
Trinity College (Irish: Coláiste na Tríonóide), officially The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin, is the sole constituent college of the University of Dublin, a research university in Dublin, Ireland. Queen Elizabeth I founded the college in 1592 as "the mother of a university" that was modelled after the collegiate universities of Oxford and Cambridge, but unlike these affiliated institutions, only one college was ever established; as such, the designations "Trinity College" and "University of Dublin" are usually synonymous for practical purposes.Trinity is Ireland's oldest university and retains a reputation as a research-intensive centre. The college has repeatedly been ranked as Ireland's highest ranking university, and is widely considered to be among Europe's elite academic institutions. Academically, it is divided into three faculties comprising 23 schools, offering degree and diploma courses at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The admission procedure is based exclusively on academic merit, with the college being known for programs in law, literature and humanities. It also carries out extensive research in nanotechnology, information technology, immunology, mathematics, engineering, psychology, politics and English.Trinity College Dublin is one of the seven ancient universities of Britain and Ireland, and it is a sister college to both St John's College, Cambridge, and Oriel College, Oxford, and by incorporation, a graduate of Dublin, Oxford or Cambridge can be conferred the equivalent degree at either of the other two without further examination. The university is legally incorporated by "the Provost, Fellows, Foundation Scholars and other members of the Board," as outlined by its founding charter.The university has educated many of Ireland's most successful poets, playwrights and authors, including Oscar Wilde, Jonathan Swift, Bram Stoker, Percy French, William Trevor, John Millington Synge, Oliver Goldsmith, Thomas Moore and William Congreve; Nobel Laureates Samuel Beckett, Ernest Walton, Mairead Maguire and William Cecil Campbell; former Presidents of Ireland Douglas Hyde, Éamon de Valera, Mary Robinson, and Mary McAleese; philosophers George Berkeley and Edmund Burke; politicians David Norris, Edward Carson, Robert Emmet, Wolfe Tone and John Redmond, as well as mathematicians George Salmon, Robert Mallet, Bartholomew Lloyd and William Rowan Hamilton. Notable faculty members at the university included Humphrey Lloyd, J. B. Bury and E. T. Whittaker. As of 2023, Trinity is ranked 81st in the world by the QS World University Rankings.